donation_n of_o earl_n herebert_n as_o before_o it_o be_v show_v and_o by_o donation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o britain_n hengist_n obtain_v kent_n the_o first_o kingdom_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n in_o britain_n after_o which_o time_n the_o country_n be_v never_o long_a time_n free_a from_o invasion_n first_o by_o the_o english_a and_o saxon_n against_o the_o britain_n afterward_o by_o the_o seven_o saxon_a kingdom_n among_o themselves_o and_o then_o last_o by_o the_o dane_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o kingdom_n at_o that_o time_n can_v not_o be_v settle_v in_o any_o certain_a form_n of_o succession_n by_o blood_n as_o it_o have_v be_v since_o but_o be_v hold_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o absolute_a dominion_n and_o do_v often_o pass_v by_o transaction_n or_o gift_n and_o he_o who_o sword_n can_v cut_v best_a be_v always_o adjudge_v to_o have_v most_o right_o but_o of_o this_o question_n more_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v say_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o life_n of_o king_n 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of_o normandy_n and_o also_o join_v to_o he_o in_o blood_n by_o the_o father_n side_n yet_o be_v that_o no_o sufficient_a defence_n for_o harold_n the_o usurp_a possession_n of_o harold_n â—…a_fw-la can_v not_o be_v defend_v by_o allege_v a_o better_a title_n of_o a_o three_o person_n the_o injury_n which_o he_o do_v to_o edgar_n can_v not_o serve_v he_o for_o a_o title_n against_o any_o other_o these_o ground_n of_o his_o pretence_n beautify_v with_o large_a amplification_n of_o the_o benefit_n which_o he_o have_v do_v to_o king_n edward_n he_o impart_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o at_o time_n be_v repute_v the_o arbitrator_n of_o controversy_n which_o do_v rise_v between_o prince_n and_o the_o rather_o to_o procure_v his_o favour_n and_o to_o gain_v the_o countenance_n of_o religion_n to_o his_o cause_n he_o promise_v to_o hold_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n of_o the_o apostolic_a sea_n hereupon_o alexander_n then_o bishop_n of_o rome_n allow_v his_o title_n and_o send_v unto_o he_o a_o white_a hallow_a banner_n to_o advance_v upon_o the_o prow_n of_o his_o ship_n also_o a_o agnus_n dei_fw-la of_o gold_n and_o one_o of_o s._n peter_n hair_n together_o with_o his_o blessing_n to_o begin_v the_o enterprise_n but_o now_o concern_v his_o further_a proceed_n concern_v his_o victorious_a both_o entrance_n and_o continuance_n within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n two_o point_n be_v worthy_a to_o be_v consider_v one_o how_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o no_o great_a either_o power_n or_o dominion_n do_v so_o sudden_o prevail_v against_o a_o courageous_a king_n possess_v of_o a_o large_a and_o puissant_a state_n the_o other_o be_v how_o he_o so_o secure_v his_o victory_n as_o not_o the_o english_a not_o the_o britain_n not_o the_o dane_n not_o any_o other_o can_v dispossess_v or_o much_o disturb_v he_o &_o his_o posterity_n from_o enjoy_v the_o fair_a fruit_n thereof_o and_o if_o we_o give_v to_o either_o of_o these_o their_o true_a respect_n we_o shall_v find_v his_o commendation_n to_o consist_v not_o so_o much_o in_o the_o first_o as_o in_o the_o second_o because_o that_o be_v effect_v chief_o by_o force_n this_o by_o wisdom_n only_o which_o as_o it_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o man_n so_o few_o man_n do_v therein_o excel_v he_o that_o win_v a_o state_n surmount_v only_o outward_a difficulty_n but_o he_o that_o assure_v the_o same_o travail_v as_o well_o against_o internal_a weakness_n as_o external_a strength_n to_o attain_v a_o kingdom_n be_v many_o time_n a_o gift_n of_o fortune_n but_o to_o provide_v that_o it_o may_v long_o time_n continue_v firm_a be_v not_o only_o to_o oppose_v against_o humane_a force_n but_o against_o the_o very_a malice_n of_o fortune_n or_o rather_o the_o power_n and_o wrath_n of_o time_n whereby_o all_o thing_n be_v natural_o inclineable_a to_o change_v for_o the_o first_o then_o beside_o the_o secret_a work_n and_o will_n of_o god_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o cause_n beside_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o people_n for_o which_o the_o prophet_n say_v kingdom_n be_v transport_v from_o one_o nation_n to_o another_o king_n edward_n not_o long_o before_o make_v a_o manifest_a way_n for_o this_o invasion_n and_o change_n for_o although_o he_o be_v english_a by_o birth_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o education_n in_o normandy_n he_o be_v altogether_o become_v a_o normane_n both_o in_o affection_n and_o in_o behaviour_n of_o life_n so_o as_o in_o imitation_n of_o he_o the_o english_a abandon_v the_o ancient_a usage_n of_o their_o country_n and_o with_o great_a aeneid_n affection_n or_o affectation_n rather_o conform_v themselves_o to_o the_o fashion_n of_o france_n his_o chief_a acquaintance_n and_o familiar_a friend_n be_v no_o other_o than_o norman_n towards_o who_o be_v a_o mild_a and_o soft_a spirit_a prince_n he_o be_v very_o bountiful_a and_o almost_o immoderate_a in_o his_o savour_n these_o he_o enrich_v with_o great_a possession_n these_o he_o honour_v with_o the_o high_a place_n both_o of_o dignity_n and_o charge_n chief_o he_o advance_v diverse_a of_o they_o to_o the_o best_a degree_n of_o dignity_n in_o the_o church_n by_o who_o favour_n duke_n william_n afterward_o be_v both_o animate_v &_o aid_v in_o his_o exploit_n general_o as_o the_o whole_a clergy_n of_o england_n conceive_v a_o hard_a opinion_n of_o harold_n for_o that_o upon_o the_o same_o day_n wherein_o king_n edward_n be_v bury_v he_o set_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o own_o head_n without_o religious_a ceremony_n without_o any_o solemnity_n of_o coronation_n so_o they_o dare_v not_o for_o fear_v of_o the_o pope_n displeasure_n but_o give_v either_o furtherance_n or_o forbearance_n to_o the_o duke_n proceed_n and_o to_o abuse_v the_o credit_n which_o they_o have_v with_o the_o people_n in_o work_v their_o submission_n to_o the_o norman_n now_o of_o what_o strength_n the_o clergy_n be_v at_o that_o time_n within_o the_o realm_n by_o this_o which_o follow_v it_o may_v appear_v after_o that_o harold_n 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with_o a_o confident_a countenance_n he_o return_v answer_v that_o he_o have_v do_v no_o more_o than_o in_o conscience_n and_o by_o nature_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v and_o that_o if_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o clergy_n have_v bear_v the_o like_a mind_n he_o shall_v never_o have_v pierce_v the_o land_n so_o far_o well_o answer_v the_o duke_n i_o know_v that_o your_o clergy_n be_v powerful_a indeed_o but_o if_o i_o live_v and_o prosper_v in_o my_o affair_n i_o shall_v govern_v their_o greatness_n well_o enough_o assure_o nothing_o do_v soon_o work_v the_o conversion_n or_o subversion_n of_o a_o state_n then_o that_o any_o one_o sort_n of_o subject_n shall_v grow_v so_o great_a as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o over-rule_v all_o the_o rest_n beside_o this_o disposition_n of_o the_o clergy_n diverse_a of_o the_o nobility_n also_o do_v nothing_o favour_n king_n harold_n or_o
that_o as_o he_o ride_v in_o chase_n he_o be_v hang_v upon_o the_o bow_n of_o a_o tree_n by_o the_o chap_n other_o more_o probable_o do_v write_v that_o he_o perish_v by_o a_o fall_n from_o his_o horse_n he_o be_v bury_v at_o winchester_n with_o this_o inscription_n hic_fw-la iacet_fw-la richardus_fw-la filius_fw-la wilielmi_n senioris_fw-la berniae_fw-la dux_n william_n do_v succeed_v next_o to_o his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o henry_n the_o king_n give_v at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n five_o thousand_o pound_n out_o of_o his_o treasure_n but_o give_v he_o neither_o dignity_n nor_o land_n foretell_v that_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o honour_n of_o both_o his_o brother_n in_o time_n and_o far_o excel_v they_o both_o in_o dominion_n and_o power_n whether_o this_o be_v devise_v upon_o event_n or_o whether_o some_o do_v prophesy_v at_o their_o death_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v coniectural_o speak_v or_o whether_o to_o give_v contentment_n for_o the_o present_a it_o fall_v out_o afterward_o to_o be_v true_a for_o he_o succeed_v william_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o wrest_a normandy_n out_o of_o the_o possession_n of_o robert_n of_o these_o two_o i_o shall_v write_v more_o full_o hereafter_o his_o daughter_n cicelie_n be_v abbess_n of_o caen_n in_o normandy_n constance_n be_v marry_v to_o allen_n fergant_n earl_n of_o britain_n adela_n be_v wife_n to_o stephen_n earl_n of_o blois_n to_o who_o she_o bear_v stephen_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o henry_n be_v king_n of_o england_n margaret_n be_v promise_v in_o marriage_n to_o harold_n she_o die_v before_o he_o attain_v the_o kingdom_n for_o which_o cause_n he_o hold_v himself_o discharge_v of_o that_o oath_n which_o he_o have_v make_v to_o the_o duke_n her_o father_n elinor_n be_v betroth_v to_o alphonso_n king_n of_o gallicia_n but_o she_o desire_v much_o to_o die_v a_o virgin_n for_o this_o she_o daily_o pray_v and_o this_o in_o the_o end_n she_o do_v obtain_v after_o her_o death_n her_o knee_n appear_v brawny_a and_o hard_a with_o much_o kneel_v at_o her_o devotion_n assure_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o find_v in_o any_o one_o family_n both_o great_a valour_n in_o son_n and_o more_o virtue_n in_o daughter_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n either_o no_o great_a accident_n do_v fall_v or_o else_o they_o be_v obscure_v with_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o change_n none_o be_v report_v by_o the_o writer_n of_o that_o time_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n lanfranke_a abbot_n of_o caen_n in_o normandy_n but_o bear_v in_o pavia_n a_o city_n of_o lombardy_n be_v make_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o thomas_n a_o norman_a and_o cannon_n of_o bayon_n be_v place_v in_o the_o sea_n of_o york_n between_o these_o two_o a_o controversy_n do_v arise_v at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o consecration_n for_o priority_n in_o place_n but_o this_o contention_n be_v quiet_v by_o the_o king_n and_o thomas_n for_o the_o time_n subscribe_v obedience_n to_o the_o archb._n of_o canterbury_n after_o this_o they_o go_v to_o rome_n for_o their_o palles_fw-la where_o the_o question_n for_o primacy_n be_v again_o renew_a or_o as_o some_o affirm_v first_o move_v before_o pope_n alexander_n the_o pope_n use_v they_o both_o with_o honourable_a respect_n and_o especial_o lanfrank_a to_o who_o he_o give_v two_o palles_fw-la one_o of_o honour_n and_o the_o other_o of_o love_n but_o their_o controversy_n he_o refer_v to_o be_v determine_v in_o england_n about_o two_o year_n after_o it_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n and_o the_o clergy_n at_o windsor_n the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n allege_v that_o when_o the_o britain_n be_v receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n in_o the_o time_n of_o lucius_n their_o king_n eleutherius_fw-la then_o bishop_n of_o rome_n send_v faganus_n and_o damianus_n unto_o they_o who_o ordain_v 28._o bishop_n and_o two_o archbishop_n within_o the_o realm_n one_o of_o london_n and_o the_o other_o of_o york_n under_o these_o the_o church_n of_o britain_n be_v govern_v almost_o three_o hundred_o year_n until_o they_o be_v subdue_v by_o the_o saxon_n the_o saxon_n remain_v infidel_n until_o gregory_n bishop_n of_o rome_n send_v augustine_n unto_o they_o by_o his_o preach_v ethelbert_n king_n of_o kent_n be_v first_o convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n by_o reason_n whereof_o augustine_n be_v make_v archbishop_n of_o dover_n by_o appointment_n of_o pope_n gregory_n who_o send_v unto_o he_o certain_a palles_fw-la with_o his_o letter_n from_o rome_n by_o this_o letter_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o gregory_n intend_v to_o reduce_v the_o church_n of_o the_o saxon_n to_o the_o same_o order_n wherein_o it_o be_v among_o the_o britain_n namely_o to_o be_v under_o twelve_o bishop_n and_o two_o archbishop_n one_o of_o london_n and_o the_o other_o of_o york_n indeed_o he_o give_v to_o augustine_n during_o his_o life_n authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n over_o all_o bishop_n and_o priest_n in_o england_n but_o after_o his_o decease_n he_o join_v these_o two_o metropolitan_n in_o equal_a degree_n to_o constitute_v bishop_n to_o oversee_v the_o church_n to_o consult_v and_o dispose_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o appertain_v to_o the_o government_n thereof_o as_o in_o former_a time_n among_o the_o britain_n between_o these_o he_o put_v no_o distinction_n in_o honour_n but_o only_o as_o they_o be_v in_o priority_n of_o time_n and_o as_o he_o appoint_v london_n to_o be_v consecrate_v by_o no_o bishop_n but_o of_o his_o own_o synod_n so_o he_o express_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o york_n shall_v not_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n and_o albeit_o augustine_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o mention_v translate_v the_o sea_n from_o london_n to_o dover_n yet_o if_o gregory_n have_v intend_v to_o give_v the_o same_o authority_n to_o the_o successor_n of_o augustine_n which_o he_o give_v unto_o he_o he_o will_v have_v express_v it_o in_o his_o epistle_n but_o in_o that_o he_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o his_o successor_n he_o conclude_v or_o rather_o exclude_v they_o by_o his_o silence_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n allege_v that_o from_o the_o time_n of_o augustine_n until_o the_o time_n of_o bede_n which_o be_v about_o 140._o year_n the_o bishop_n of_o canterbury_n which_o in_o ancient_a time_n say_v he_o be_v call_v dover_n have_v the_o primacy_n over_o the_o whole_a land_n of_o britain_n and_o of_o ireland_n that_o they_o do_v call_v the_o bishop_n of_o york_n to_o their_o counsel_n which_o diverse_a time_n they_o keep_v within_o the_o province_n of_o york_n that_o some_o bishop_n of_o york_n they_o do_v constitute_v some_o excommunicate_a and_o some_o remove_n he_o allege_v also_o diverse_a privilege_n grant_v by_o prince_n for_o the_o primacy_n of_o that_o sea_n diverse_a grant_v from_o the_o apostolic_a sea_n to_o confirm_v this_o dignity_n in_o the_o successor_n of_o augustine_n that_o it_o be_v reason_n to_o receive_v direction_n of_o well_o live_v from_o whence_o we_o first_o receive_v direction_n of_o right_n believe_v &_o therefore_o as_o the_o bishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n because_o he_o have_v his_o faith_n from_o thence_o for_o the_o very_a same_o cause_n the_o bishop_n of_o york_n shall_v be_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o canterbury_n that_o like_a as_o the_o lord_n say_v that_o to_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n which_o he_o say_v to_o s._n peter_n so_o that_o which_o gregory_n say_v to_o augustine_n he_o say_v likewise_o to_o all_o his_o successor_n and_o whereas_o much_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n what_o be_v that_o to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n for_o neither_o be_v it_o certain_a that_o augustine_n be_v ever_o resident_a at_o london_n neither_o that_o gregory_n appoint_v he_o so_o to_o be_v in_o the_o end_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o york_n for_o that_o time_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o canterbury_n that_o wheresoever_o within_o england_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n shall_v hold_v his_o council_n the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n shall_v come_v unto_o it_o with_o the_o bishop_n of_o his_o province_n and_o be_v obedient_a to_o his_o decree_n that_o when_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n shall_v decease_v the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n shall_v go_v to_o canterbury_n to_o consecrate_v he_o that_o shall_v succeed_v that_o if_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n shall_v decease_v his_o successor_n shall_v go_v to_o canterbury_n or_o to_o such_o place_n as_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n shall_v appoint_v there_o to_o receive_v his_o consecration_n make_v first_o his_o oath_n of_o canonical_a obedience_n and_o thus_o be_v the_o contention_n for_o this_o first_o time_n take_v up_o but_o in_o succeed_a time_n it_o be_v often_o renew_a and_o much_o busy_v the_o clergy_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o the_o
reign_n of_o king_n william_n a_o council_n be_v hold_v at_o london_n where_o another_o matter_n of_o like_a quality_n and_o nature_n be_v decree_v namely_o that_o bishop_n shall_v translate_v their_o see_z from_o village_n to_o city_n whereupon_o in_o short_a time_n after_o bishop_n see_z be_v remove_v from_o selese_n to_o chichester_n from_o cornwall_n to_o exeter_n from_o well_n to_o bath_n from_o shirbourne_n to_o salisbury_n from_o dorcester_n to_o lincoln_n from_o lichfield_n to_o chester_n and_o from_o thence_o again_o to_o coventree_n and_o albeit_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n do_v oppose_v against_o the_o erect_n of_o a_o cathedral_n church_n in_o lincoln_n because_o he_o challenge_v that_o city_n to_o be_v of_o his_o province_n yet_o remigius_n bishop_n of_o dorchester_n be_v strong_a both_o in_o resolution_n and_o in_o friend_n do_v prosecute_v his_o purpose_n to_o effect_v not_o long_o before_o the_o bishopric_n of_o lindafferne_n otherwise_o call_v holy_a land_n upon_o the_o river_n tweed_n have_v be_v translate_v to_o durhame_n in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o cold_a of_o winter_n be_v exceed_v memorable_a both_o for_o sharpness_n and_o for_o continuance_n for_o the_o earth_n remain_v hard_o freeze_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o november_n until_o the_o midst_n of_o april_n then_o ensue_v in_o the_o 15._o year_n a_o great_a earthquake_n happen_v in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n strange_a for_o the_o strong_a tremble_a of_o the_o earth_n but_o more_o strange_a for_o the_o doleful_a and_o hideous_a roar_n which_o it_o yield_v forth_o in_o the_o 20._o year_n there_o fall_v such_o abundance_n of_o rain_n that_o the_o river_n do_v great_o overflow_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o spring_n also_o rise_v plentiful_o in_o diverse_a hill_n so_o soften_v and_o decay_v the_o foundation_n of_o they_o that_o they_o fall_v down_o whereby_o some_o village_n be_v overthrow_v by_o this_o distemperature_n of_o weather_n much_o cattle_n perish_v much_o corneupon_o the_o ground_n be_v either_o destroy_v or_o great_o impair_v herehence_a ensue_v first_o a_o famine_n and_o afterward_o a_o miserable_a mortality_n of_o man_n and_o that_o all_o the_o element_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v conspire_v the_o calamity_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o same_o year_n most_o of_o the_o principal_a city_n in_o england_n be_v lamentable_o deform_v with_o fire_n at_o london_n a_o fire_n begin_v at_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o west_n gate_n which_o apprehend_v certain_a shop_n and_o warehouse_n wherein_o be_v merchandise_n apt_a to_o burn_v it_o be_v at_o once_o begin_v and_o sudden_o at_o the_o high_a then_o be_v carry_v with_o a_o strong_a wind_n and_o the_o city_n apt_a to_o maintain_v the_o flame_n as_o well_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o crooked_a and_o narrow_a street_n as_o for_o that_o the_o building_n at_o that_o time_n have_v open_a and_o wide_a window_n and_o be_v cover_v with_o base_a matter_n fit_a to_o take_v fire_n the_o mischief_n spread_v more_o swift_o than_o the_o remedy_n can_v follow_v so_o it_o rage_v until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o eastgate_n prostrate_a house_n and_o church_n all_o the_o way_n be_v the_o most_o grievous_a that_o ever_o as_o yet_o have_v happen_v to_o that_o city_n the_o church_n of_o s._n paul_n be_v at_o that_o time_n fire_v whereupon_o maurice_n then_o bishop_n of_o london_n begin_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o new_a church_n of_o s._n paul_n a_o work_n so_o admirable_a that_o many_o do_v judge_v it_o will_v never_o have_v be_v finish_v yet_o all_o may_v easy_o esteem_v thereby_o his_o magnanimity_n his_o high_a erect_a hope_n his_o generous_a love_n and_o honour_n to_o religion_n the_o king_n give_v towards_o the_o build_n of_o the_o east_n end_n of_o this_o church_n the_o choice_n stone_n of_o his_o castle_n at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o the_o city_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n thames_n which_o castle_n at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v also_o fire_v in_o place_n whereof_o edward_n killwarby_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n do_v afterward_o find_v a_o monastery_n of_o black_a friar_n the_o king_n also_o give_v the_o castle_n of_o storford_n and_o all_o the_o land_n which_o thereto_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o maurice_n and_o to_o his_o successor_n in_o that_o see_n and_o doubtless_o nothing_o more_o than_o either_o parsimonious_a or_o profane_a expend_v the_o treasure_n of_o the_o church_n have_v since_o those_o time_n much_o dry_v up_o those_o fountain_n which_o first_o do_v fill_v they_o after_o the_o death_n of_o maurice_n richard_n his_o next_o successor_n as_o well_o in_o virtue_n as_o in_o dignity_n bestow_v all_o the_o rent_n rise_v out_o of_o this_o bishopric_n to_o advance_v the_o build_n of_o this_o church_n maintain_v himself_o by_o his_o patrimony_n and_o friend_n and_o yet_o all_o which_o he_o can_v do_v make_v no_o great_a show_n so_o that_o the_o finish_n of_o this_o work_n be_v leave_v to_o many_o other_o succeee_v bishop_n he_o purchase_v the_o ground_n about_o the_o church_n whereupon_o many_o building_n do_v stand_v and_o enclose_v the_o same_o with_o a_o strong_a wall_n of_o stone_n for_o a_o place_n of_o burial_n it_o seem_v that_o this_o wall_n be_v afterward_o either_o batter_v and_o tear_v in_o some_o civil_a war_n or_o else_o by_o negligence_n suffer_v to_o decay_v for_o that_o a_o grant_n be_v make_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o that_o the_o churchyard_n of_o saint_n paul_n shall_v be_v enclose_v with_o a_o wall_n because_o of_o the_o robbery_n and_o murder_n that_o be_v there_o commit_v many_o part_n of_o this_o wall_n remain_v at_o this_o time_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o church_n but_o cover_v for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o dwell_v house_n the_o same_o year_n in_o whitsun-weeke_n the_o king_n honour_v his_o son_n henry_n with_o the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n what_o ceremony_n the_o king_n then_o use_v it_o be_v not_o certain_o know_v but_o before_o his_o time_n the_o custom_n among_o the_o saxon_n be_v thus_o first_o he_o who_o shall_v receive_v the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n conâ—…essed_v himself_o in_o the_o evening_n to_o a_o priest_n then_o he_o continue_v all_o that_o night_n in_o the_o church_n watch_v and_o apply_v himself_o to_o his_o private_a devotion_n the_o next_o morning_n he_o hear_v mass_n and_o offer_v his_o sword_n upon_o the_o altar_n after_o the_o gospel_n be_v read_v the_o sword_n be_v hallow_v and_o with_o a_o benediction_n put_v about_o his_o neck_n last_o he_o communicate_v the_o mystery_n of_o the_o bless_a body_n of_o christ_n and_o from_o that_o time_n remain_v a_o lawful_a soldier_n or_o knight_n this_o custom_n of_o consecrate_v knight_n the_o norman_n do_v not_o only_o abrogate_v but_o abhor_v not_o for_o any_o evil_n that_o be_v therein_o but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o their_o own_o this_o year_n in_o a_o province_n of_o wales_n call_v rosse_n the_o sepulchre_n of_o wawyn_n otherwise_o call_v gawen_v be_v find_v upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n he_o be_v sister_n son_n to_o arthur_n the_o great_a king_n of_o the_o britain_n a_o man_n famous_a in_o our_o britain_n history_n both_o for_o civil_a courtesy_n and_o for_o courage_n in_o the_o field_n i_o can_v but_o esteem_v the_o report_n for_o fabulous_a that_o his_o body_n be_v fourteen_o foot_n in_o length_n i_o do_v rather_o conjecture_v that_o one_o credulous_a writer_n do_v take_v that_o for_o the_o length_n of_o his_o body_n which_o happy_o may_v be_v the_o length_n of_o his_o â—…ombe_n it_o be_v constant_o affirm_v that_o the_o ground_n whereon_o the_o english_a and_o the_o norman_n do_v combat_v do_v show_v after_o every_o rain_n manifest_a mark_n of_o blood_n upon_o the_o grass_n which_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o propriety_n of_o the_o soil_n before_o it_o be_v hard_o now_o to_o assign_v either_o from_o what_o natural_a cause_n it_o do_v proceed_v or_o what_o it_o shall_v supernatural_o portend_v k._n william_n the_o second_o surname_v rufus_n king_n william_n the_o victor_n when_o he_o draw_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o his_o day_n commend_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o his_o second_o son_n william_n with_o many_o blessing_n with_o many_o admonition_n with_o many_o prayer_n for_o the_o prosperous_a success_n of_o his_o succession_n and_o because_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o next_o successor_n be_v of_o great_a moment_n to_o establish_v affair_n the_o king_n a_o little_a before_o his_o passage_n to_o death_n dispatch_v he_o into_o england_n with_o letter_n under_o his_o own_o seal_n to_o lanfranck_n then_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n a_o man_n high_o esteem_v in_o foreign_a country_n but_o with_o the_o clergy_n and_o vulgar_a people_n of_o the_o realm_n his_o authority_n be_v absolute_a in_o these_o letter_n the_o king_n express_v great_a affection_n and_o care_n towards_o his_o son_n william_n commend_v he_o with_o many_o kind_a
estrange_v himself_o as_o it_o be_v enterprete_v to_o be_v a_o revolt_n be_v charge_v with_o intent_n to_o advance_v william_n cousin_n to_o william_n son_n to_o robert_n curtcuise_fw-la to_o the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n wherefore_o the_o king_n besiege_v and_o at_o last_o take_v his_o chief_a castle_n call_v pont._n audomer_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n environ_v the_o tower_n of_o rouen_n with_o a_o wall_n he_o also_o repair_v and_o fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o caen_n arch_n gisore_n falace_n argentine_n donfronç_n oxine_n aubrois_fw-mi nanroye_n juta_fw-la and_o the_o town_n of_o vernone_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o at_o that_o time_n they_o be_v esteem_v impregnable_a and_o not_o to_o be_v force_v by_o any_o enemy_n except_o god_n or_o gold_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o earl_n of_o mellent_a with_o hugh_n gervase_n his_o son_n and_o hugh_n de_fw-fr mountfort_n his_o sister_n son_n call_v such_o as_o either_o alliance_n or_o friendship_n do_v draw_v unto_o they_o beside_o those_o who_o youthful_a either_o age_n or_o mind_n have_v fill_v with_o unlimited_a desire_n who_o discontentment_n also_o or_o want_v do_v vain_o feed_v with_o hungry_a hope_n enter_v into_o normandy_n in_o arm_n be_v so_o transport_v with_o desire_n to_o hurt_v and_o trouble_v with_o fear_n of_o receive_v hurt_v that_o they_o have_v never_o free_a scope_n of_o judgement_n either_o to_o prepare_v or_o manage_v the_o mean_n to_o hurt_v they_o be_v no_o soon_o enter_v the_o confine_n of_o normandy_n but_o william_n tankeruill_a the_o king_n chamberlain_n come_v against_o they_o brave_o appoint_v and_o resolute_a to_o fight_v the_o very_a view_n of_o a_o enemy_n turn_v their_o evil_n guide_v fury_n into_o a_o fear_n and_o whatsoever_o they_o do_v proceed_v rather_o from_o violence_n of_o passion_n than_o ground_n of_o reason_n make_v they_o stumble_v while_o they_o run_v and_o by_o their_o own_o disorder_n hinder_v their_o own_o desire_n so_o with_o small_a difficulty_n they_o be_v surprise_v and_o take_v and_o bring_v to_o the_o king_n who_o commit_v they_o to_o strait_a prison_n at_o rouen_n a_o ordinary_a event_n when_o rage_n run_v fast_o than_o judgement_n and_o power_n be_v able_a to_o hold_v pace_n about_o this_o time_n charles_n earl_n of_o flanders_n as_o he_o be_v at_o his_o devotion_n in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n donatus_n in_o brussels_n be_v sudden_o slay_v by_o conspiracy_n of_o his_o own_o people_n and_o because_o he_o leave_v no_o issue_n in_o life_n lewes_n king_n of_o france_n invest_v william_n son_n to_o robert_n curtcuis_n late_a duke_n of_o normandy_n in_o the_o earldom_n of_o flanders_n as_o descend_v from_o earl_n baldwine_n surname_v the_o pious_a who_o daughter_n matilde_n be_v wife_n to_o king_n william_n the_o first_o and_o grandmother_n to_o this_o william_n this_o he_o do_v not_o so_o much_o in_o favour_n to_o william_n or_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o right_n as_o to_o set_v up_o a_o assure_a enemy_n against_o king_n henry_n a_o enemy_n not_o only_o of_o singular_a expectation_n but_o proof_n who_o courage_n be_v apt_a to_o undertake_v any_o danger_n whether_o for_o glory_n or_o for_o revenge_n and_o herein_o his_o project_n do_v nothing_o fail_v for_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o earl_n advance_v to_o that_o estate_n but_o he_o raise_v a_o great_a hostility_n against_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o well_o to_o recover_v the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n as_o either_o to_o relieve_v or_o to_o revenge_v the_o hard_a captivity_n of_o his_o father_n in_o this_o war_n the_o earl_n do_v win_v a_o great_a opinion_n both_o for_o judgement_n to_o discern_v and_o for_o valour_n to_o execute_v what_o he_o do_v discern_v show_v himself_o in_o nothing_o inferior_a to_o his_o uncle_n the_o king_n but_o only_o in_o treasure_n and_o command_v of_o man_n for_o this_o cause_n he_o crave_v supply_v of_o lewes_n king_n of_o france_n who_o as_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o blow_v the_o coal_n so_o be_v he_o always_o ready_a to_o put_v fuel_n to_o the_o flame_n but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n enter_v france_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n where_o his_o sword_n range_v and_o rage_v without_o resistance_n and_o yet_o more_o in_o prosecution_n of_o prey_n then_o in_o execution_n of_o blood_n he_o lodge_v at_o hesperdune_n the_o space_n of_o 8._o day_n no_o less_o quiet_o no_o less_o safe_o then_o if_o he_o have_v be_v in_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o keep_v the_o french_a king_n from_o send_v succour_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a season_n draw_v theodoricke_n earl_n of_o holsteine_n nephew_n to_o robert_n who_o have_v be_v earl_n of_o flanders_n and_o arnoldus_fw-la sister_n son_n to_o earl_n charles_n not_o long_o before_o slay_v to_o invade_v earl_n william_n both_o pretend_v title_n to_o his_o dignity_n both_o bring_v several_a army_n consist_v of_o man_n tough_a in_o temper_n and_o well_o exercise_v in_o affair_n of_o the_o field_n theodorick_n upon_o his_o first_o approach_n take_v bruges_n ipres_n and_o gandt_n either_o willing_o yield_v or_o with_o small_a resistance_n and_o upon_o the_o neck_n thereof_o arnoldus_fw-la take_v the_o strong_a town_n of_o s._n omer_n earl_n william_n be_v thus_o set_v as_o it_o be_v between_o the_o beetle_n and_o the_o block_n be_v nothing_o deject_a nothing_o dismay_v either_o in_o courage_n or_o in_o hope_n and_o first_o he_o go_v against_o arnoldus_fw-la with_o a_o small_a company_n but_o with_o such_o a_o lively_a countenance_n of_o a_o soldier_n that_o arnoldus_fw-la fall_v to_o capitulation_n for_o his_o safe_a departure_n and_o so_o return_v home_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v vanquish_v then_o the_o earl_n make_v head_n against_o theodorick_n and_o give_v he_o battle_n albeit_o far_a inferiors_n to_o he_o both_o for_o number_n and_o furniture_n of_o his_o man_n the_o fight_n between_o they_o be_v long_o furious_a and_o doubtful_a the_o german_n confident_a in_o their_o number_n which_o make_v they_o trust_v the_o less_o to_o their_o valour_n the_o fleming_n rather_o desperate_a then_o resolute_a upon_o importance_n of_o their_o danger_n and_o indeed_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o good_a success_n at_o the_o first_o do_v occasion_n the_o overthrow_n of_o many_o great_a action_n by_o work_v in_o the_o one_o side_n a_o confidence_n in_o themselves_o and_o contempt_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o by_o make_v the_o other_o more_o earnest_a and_o entire_a so_o at_o the_o last_o the_o violent_a valour_n of_o the_o earl_n well_o follow_v with_o the_o brave_a and_o resolute_a rage_n of_o his_o soldier_n do_v such_o effect_n that_o the_o german_n be_v shake_v and_o disorder_v many_o slay_v in_o the_o field_n and_o the_o residue_n chase_v out_o of_o flanders_n the_o earl_n have_v now_o no_o enemy_n in_o open_a field_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o alhurst_n which_o be_v defend_v against_o he_o by_o the_o english_a the_o assault_n be_v so_o lively_o enforce_v and_o with_o 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of_o circumstance_n so_o when_o herode_fw-la king_n of_o judea_n appoint_v antipater_n his_o elder_a son_n but_o bear_v to_o he_o in_o private_a state_n to_o succeed_v in_o his_o royalty_n and_o exclude_v alexander_n and_o aristobulus_n his_o young_a son_n who_o he_o have_v beget_v of_o mariam_n after_o he_o have_v obtain_v his_o kingdom_n josephus_n plain_o 3._o reprehend_v the_o fact_n and_o condemn_v the_o judgement_n of_o herode_fw-la for_o partial_a and_o unjust_a so_o lewes_n bear_v after_o his_o father_n be_v duke_n of_o milane_n 2._o be_v prefer_v in_o succession_n before_o his_o brother_n galeace_v who_o be_v bear_v before_o and_o so_o when_o otho_n the_o first_o be_v elect_v emperor_n his_o young_a brother_n henry_n pretend_v against_o he_o for_o that_o otho_n be_v bear_v before_o their_o father_n be_v chron._n emperor_n and_o henry_n after_o in_o which_o quarrel_n henry_n be_v aid_v by_o euerharde_n earl_n palatine_n and_o giselbert_n duke_n of_o lorreine_a with_o diverse_a 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building_n specify_v before_o some_o for_o strength_n as_o diverse_a castle_n in_o normandy_n in_o wales_n and_o some_o also_o in_o england_n and_o namely_o the_o castle_n of_o warwick_n of_o bristol_n the_o castle_n college_n and_o town_n of_o windsor_n on_o the_o hill_n about_o a_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o old_a town_n of_o windsor_n which_o afterward_o be_v much_o increase_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o after_o he_o by_o many_o king_n and_o queen_n succeed_v many_o palace_n also_o he_o build_v for_o ornament_n &_o pleasure_n and_o to_o this_o end_n he_o maintain_v his_o park_n at_o woodstock_n wherein_o he_o preserve_v with_o great_a pleasure_n diverse_a sort_n of_o strange_a beast_n which_o because_o he_o do_v with_o many_o demonstration_n of_o pleasure_n both_o accept_v and_o esteem_v be_v liberal_o send_v unto_o he_o from_o other_o prince_n he_o first_o institute_v the_o form_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n as_o now_o it_o be_v in_o use_n for_o 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occasion_v much_o disquiet_a and_o disorder_v in_o many_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o same_o council_n the_o censure_n of_o excommunication_n be_v cast_v upon_o those_o who_o do_v exercise_v the_o vile_a vice_n of_o sodomitry_n and_o it_o be_v further_o decree_v that_o the_o same_o sentence_n shall_v be_v publish_v every_o sunday_n in_o all_o the_o parish_n church_n of_o england_n but_o afterward_o it_o be_v esteem_v fit_a that_o this_o general_a excommunication_n shall_v be_v repeal_v the_o pretence_n be_v for_o that_o the_o prohibit_v yea_o the_o public_a name_n of_o that_o vice_n may_v inflame_v the_o heart_n of_o ungracious_a person_n with_o desire_n unto_o it_o but_o wise_a man_n conjecture_v that_o after_o this_o severe_a restreint_a of_o marriage_n in_o the_o clergy_n it_o do_v grow_v so_o frequent_a and_o familiar_a among_o they_o that_o they_o will_v not_o give_v way_n to_o so_o general_a a_o punishment_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o this_o king_n day_n io._n 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undaunted_a countenance_n and_o heart_n conduct_v his_o army_n into_o sussex_n and_o encamp_v within_o seven_o mile_n of_o the_o norman_n who_o thereupon_o approach_v so_o near_o to_o the_o english_a that_o the_o one_o army_n be_v within_o view_n of_o the_o other_o first_o espial_n be_v send_v on_o both_o side_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o who_o be_v send_v from_o the_o english_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d large_a report_n both_o of_o the_o number_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d mean_v and_o discipline_n of_o the_o norman_n whereupon_o girth_n young_a brother_n to_o king_n harold_n present_v he_o with_o advice_n not_o to_o play_v his_o whole_a state_n at_o a_o cast_n not_o to_o be_v so_o carry_v with_o desire_n of_o victory_n as_o not_o to_o await_v the_o time_n to_o attain_v it_o that_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o invader_n present_o to_o fight_v because_o they_o be_v then_o in_o the_o very_a pride_n and_o flourish_n of_o their_o strength_n but_o the_o assail_v shall_v rather_o delay_v battle_n rather_o observe_v only_o and_o attend_v their_o enemy_n cut_v off_o their_o relief_n vex_v they_o with_o incommodity_n weary_a they_o and_o wear_v they_o out_o by_o degree_n that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v long_o before_o the_o duke_n army_n be_v in_o a_o strange_a country_n will_v be_v reduce_v to_o necessity_n it_o can_v not_o be_v long_o but_o by_o reason_n it_o consist_v of_o diverse_a nation_n it_o will_v draw_v into_o disorder_n that_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o a_o army_n compound_v of_o different_a people_n to_o be_v almost_o invincible_a at_o the_o first_o while_o all_o contend_v to_o excel_v or_o at_o least_o to_o equal_v other_o in_o brave_a performance_n but_o if_o they_o be_v advise_o endure_v they_o will_v easy_o fall_v into_o disorder_n and_o last_o of_o themselves_o dissolve_v or_o if_o say_v he_o you_o resolve_v to_o fight_v yet_o because_o you_o be_v swear_v to_o the_o duke_n you_o shall_v do_v well_o to_o withdraw_v your_o presence_n to_o 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shall_v be_v permit_v to_o depart_v safe_o into_o normandy_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o condition_n they_o of_o shrewsbury_n send_v to_o the_o king_n the_o key_n of_o their_o castle_n and_o therewith_o pledge_n for_o their_o allegiance_n then_o robert_n with_o his_o brother_n ernulphus_n and_o roger_n of_o poitiers_n abjure_v the_o realm_n and_o depart_v into_o normandy_n where_o be_v full_a of_o rashness_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o courage_n out_o of_o his_o wit_n and_o measure_v their_o action_n not_o by_o their_o ability_n but_o by_o their_o desire_n they_o do_v more_o advance_v the_o king_n affair_n by_o hostility_n then_o by_o service_n and_o subjection_n they_o can_v possible_o have_v do_v also_o william_n earl_n of_o mortaigne_a in_o normandy_n and_o of_o cornwall_n in_o england_n son_n of_o robert_n uncle_n to_o the_o king_n and_o brother_n to_o king_n william_n the_o first_o require_v of_o the_o king_n the_o earldom_n of_o kent_n which_o have_v be_v late_o hold_v by_o odo_n 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