2. 3. 1. 2. 3. Truth travayle and Neglect pure painefull most vnkinde 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. Doth proue consume dismay the soule the corps the minde Edw Ingham To my deare friend by true Vertue ennobled Captaine Iohn Smith MOre then enough I cannot thee commend Whos 's both abilities and Loue doe tend So to advance the good of that Estate By English charge and Planters propagate Through heapes of painfull hazards in the first Of which that Colony thy Care hath nurst And often that effected but with ten That after thee and now three hundred men Haue faild in 'mong the Salvages who shake At bruit of Thee as Spaine at Name of Drake Which well appeares considering the while Thou governedst nor force of theirs ne guile Lessend a man of thine but since I rue In Brittish blood they deeply did imbrue Their Heathen hands And truth to say we see Our selues wee lost vntimely leaving Thee Nor yet perceiue I any got betweene Thee and thy merit which hath better beene In prayse or profit much if counted iust Free from the Weales abuse or wronged trust Some few particulars perhaps haue sped But wherein hath the publicke prospered Or is there more of those Vast Countries knowne Then by thy Labours and Relations showne First best And shall wee loue Thee now the lesse Farre be â—t fit condignely to expresse Thankes by new Charge or recompence by whom Such past good hath such future good may come David Wiffin Noble Captaine Smith my worthy Friend NOt like the Age wherein thou liu'st to lie Buried in basenesse sloth or Ribaldrie For most doe thus hast thou thy selfe applide But in faire Actions Merits height descride Which like foure Theaters to set thee forth The worlds foure Quarters testifie thy worth The last whereof America best showes Thy paines and prayse and what to thee shee owes Although thy Sommer shone on th' Elder Three In as great Deeds as great varietie For opening to Her Selfe Her Selfe in Two Of Her large Members Now Ours to our view Thereby endearing vs to thy desart That doubly dost them to our hands impart There by thy Worke Heere by thy Workes By each Maist thou Fames lasting Wreath for guerdon reach And so become in after Times t' ensue A President for others So to doe William Grent To his worthily affected Friend Captaine Iohn Smith AMongst so many that by learned skill Haue given iust prayse to thee and to thy Booke Deare friend receiue this pledge of my good will Whereon if thou with acceptation looke And thinke it worthie ranke amongst the rest Vse thy discretion I haue done my best 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Contents of the generall History divided into six Books The first Booke THE first voyage to the new World by Madock Prince of Wales The next by Haâ—no Prince of Carthage and how it was offred K. Hen. 7. by Chr. Cullumbus that vndertooke it for the Spanyards 1492. How Iohn Cabot was imployed by King Hen. the 7. and found the Continent before Cullumbus Also Sir Martin Frobisher and Sir Humphrey Gilbert ranged towards the North. And how Captaine Amidas was sent to discover the coast of Florida by Sir Water Raleigh and his associates And the Country Wingandacoa was called Virginia by Qâ—cene Elizabeth Page 1 4. Sir Richard Greenvill sent thither with 108. he left for a plantation The discovery of the Rivers Chawonok and Moratoc The trechery of their King who with eight more were slaine and they all returned to England againe the same yeare with Sir Francis Drake pag. 5 9. The Observations of Master Heriot Of their commodities victuall fruâ—ts beasts fishes and foules Their Religion and beliefe of God of the Creation of the world and man the immortalitie of the soule the subtiltie of their Priests the peoples simplicitie and desire of salvation and other Accidents pag. 9 12. Sir Rich Greenvill sent to supply them Not finding them left fiftie Their successe page 13. Master White sent to relieue them found they were all slaine yet left 115. more and departed Returning the second time he could not heare of them his Observations and Accidents pag. 14 16. A discovery by Captaine Gosnoll of Elizabeths Isles his Observations Relations and returne pag. 17.18 The voyage of Captaine Pring to the same Coast. The discovery of Captaine Waymouth his Observations Relations and returne pag. 18 20. A Map of the old Virginia with the figures of the Salvages The second Booke Of Virginia now planted discovered by Captaine SMITH THe Latitude Temperature and Capes a description of Chisapeack Bay and sâ—aven navigable Rivers that fall into it with their severall Inhabitants and diversitie of Language pag. 21 25. Of things growing Naturally as woods fruits gummes berries herbs roots also of beasts birds and fishes how they divide the yeare prepare their ground plant their corne and vse it and other victuall page 25. 29. What commodities may be had by industry The description of the people their numbers constitutions dispositions attyre buildings lodgings and gardens their vsage of children striking of fire making their Bowes and Arrowes kniues swords targets and boats how they spinne make fish-hooks and ginnes and their order of hunting Consultations and order in Warres pag. 29 33. Their musicke entertainment trade Physicke Chirurgery and Charmes Their Religion God burials ordinary and extraordinary Temples Priests Ornaments solemnities Coniurations Altars sacrifices black boyes and resurrection pag. 34 36. The manner of their government their Emperor his attendants watch treasury wiues successors authority tenure of their lands and manner of punishment with some words of their Language Englished pag. 37 40. And a Mappe of the Countrey of Virginia now planted The third Booke Of the Accidents and Proceedings of the English THeir orders of government Accidents in going first landing and governement setled pag. 41.42 The Salvages assault the Fort the ships returne their names were left occasion of sicknes plenty vnexpected the building of Iames Towne the beginning of Trade two proiects to abandon the Country pag. 43 46. Their first attempts vpon the Salvages Captaine Smith taken prisoner their order of Triumph and how he should haue beene executed was preserved saved Iames towne from being surprised how they Contured him Powhataâ— entertained him would haue slaine him how Pocahontas his daughter saved him and sent him to Iames Towne The third plot to abandon the Countrey suppressed pag. 47 49. Their first Supply and Accidents The Salvages opinion of our God Captaine Smith revisits Powhatan Iames Towne burnt A coâ—ceited gold mine A needlesse charge Captaine Newports returne for England pag 50 53. Iames Towne rebuilt with a Church and Store-house The Salvages plot to murther all the English their insolencies suppressed Different opinions among the Councell p. 53. Their names landed in this Supply p. 54. The discovery of the Bay of Chriapeack Their fight and conference with the Kuskarawaoks Ambuscadoes prevented in the river Patawomek A mine like
of Ravens a new Supply with their Accidents and Moores returne pag. 177 180. The rent of the six governours a wonderfull accident of Hilliard not much lesse then a miracle pag. 181.182 The government of Ca. Tuckar Assises the strange adventure of 5 men in a boat plants from the West Indies the endevours of Cap. Powell Assises The Country neer devoured with ratts their strange confusion The divisions of the Isles into Tribes and Tribes into shares by Mr. Norwood the names of the adventurers and their shares p. 182 189. The first Magazin two exployts of desperate fugitiues The returne of Cap. Tuckar Cap Kendall left deputy-governor their Accidents pag. 189-191 The government of Cap. Butler A platforme burnt and much hurt by a Hericano The refortifying the Kings Castle The arrivall of two Dutch Frigots The rebuilding the Mount and a Tombe for Sir George Somers The reformation of their lawes and officers Their Assises A Parliament Their acts their opinion of the Magazin The building three Bridges The generall Assises A strange deliverance of a Spanish wracke A strange Sodomy many Ordnances got from wracks Their estates present p. 191-199 Master Barnard sent to be governour his arrivall death and funerall with the proceedings of Mr. Harrison his successor Cap. Woodhouse their governor pag. 200-201 Certaine Verses of Master Withers and other Gentlemen The sixt Booke A Mappe of New-England How this Country hath bin accounted but a miserable Desert Captain Smiths first voyage what peace and warres he had with the Salvages and within 6. moneths returned with 1500l. worths of commodities got Prince Charles to call it new-New-England A Table of the old names and the new pag. 203 205. Cap. Hobsons voyage to Capan the Londoners apprehend it The situation notes for ignorant vndertakers The description of the Country Staple Commodities present proofe of the healthfulnesse of the clime Observations of the Hollanders chiefe trade p. 209. Examples of the altitude comparatiuely the reasons why to plant it An example of the gaines every yeare a description of 15. severall Countries in particular Of their Kings rivers harbors Isles mountains landmarks fruits woods birds fishes beasts c. and how as well Gentlemen as mecanicks may be imployed get much wealth with the reasons and causes of the defaylements p. 206 221. Cap. Smiths second voyage his ship neere foundered in the Sea He reimbarketh himselfe incountreth the English Pyrats fought with the French Pyrates is betrayed by 4. French men of warre how he was released his men ran from him with ship and all how he lived with the French men what fights they had what prizes they tooke the French mens ingratitude 13 sayle cast away how he escaped proceeded in France returned for England and punished them ran from him pag. 222 227. The yearely trialls of New-England the benefit of fishing as Mr. Dee and divers report and approoved by the Hollanders Records how it becomes so well apprehended that more then 150. haue gone thither to fish with an estimate of their gaines with many observations and Accidents pag. 228-230 A Plantation in New-England their first landing divers iourneys accidents the description of the harbors bayes lakes and that place they inhabit called New-Plimouth conference with the Salvages and kinde vsage of the King of the Massasoyts a strange policie of Tusquantum pag. 230 234. The Salvages make warres for their friendships the English revenge their friends iniuries Notes and observations They lived two yeares without Supplyes the death of Tusquantum they contriue to murther the English how the English did cure a King sicke to death two most desperate Salvages the courage of Cap. Standish the Salvages sue for peace pag. 235 239. A most remarkable observation of Gods loue 40 sayle fished thâ—re this yeare the religion of the Salvages the government an answer to obiections considerations the charge the order of the Western men p. 140 142. The effects of shipping the Popes order for the East and West Indies How to build a little navy royall contention for New-EnglaÌ„d The necessitie of martiall power p. 243-244 The charge to set forth a ship of a 100. tuns both to make a fishing voyage increase the plantation The facilitie of the fishing lately observed Their present estate at New-Plimouth and order of government It s not his part that is the best Translator To render word for word to every Author HOW ANCIENT AVTHORS REPORT THE NEVV-VVORLD Now called America was discovered and part thereof first Planted by the ENGLISH called VIRGINIA with the Accidents and Proceedings of the same ⧠The first Booke FOR the Stories of Arthur Malgo and Brandon that say a thousand yeares agoe they were in the North of America or the Fryer of Linn that by his blacke Art went to the North pole in the yeare 1360. in that I know them not Let this suffice The Chronicles of Wales report that Madock sonne to Owen Quineth Prince of Wales seeing his two brethren at debate who should inherit prepared certaine Ships with men and munition and left his Country to seeke aduentures by Sea leauing Ireland North he sayled west till he came to a Land vnknowne Returning home and relating what pleasant and fruitfull Countries he had seene without Inhabitants and for what barren ground his brethren and kindred did murther one another he provided a number of Ships and got with him such men and women as were desirous to liue in quietnesse that arriued with him in this new Land in the yeare 1170 Left many of his people there and returned for more But where this place was no History can show The Spanyards say Hanno a Prince of Carthage was the first and the next Christopher Cullumbus a Genoesian whom they sent to discover those vnknowne parts 1492. But we finde by Records Cullumbus offered his seruice in the yeare 1488. to King Henry the seauenth and by accident vndertooke it for the Spanyards In the Interim King Henry gaue a Commission to Iohn Cabot and his three sonnes Sebastian Lewis and Sautius Iohn and Sebastian well provided setting sayle ranged a great part of this vnknowne world in the yeare 1497. For though Cullumbus had found certaine Iles it was 1498. ere he saw the Continent which was a yeare after Cabot Now Americus came a long time after though the whole Continent to this day is called America after his name yet Sebastian Cabot discovered much more then them all for he sayled to about forty degrees Southward of the lyne and to sixty-seauen towards the North for which King Henry the eight Knighted him and made him grand Pilate of England Being very aged King Edward the sixt gaue him a Pention of 166l. 13â— 4d. yearely By his directions Sir Hugh Willowby was sent to finde out the Country of Russia but the next yeare he was found frozen to death in his Ship and all his Company Mr Martin Frobisher was sent in the yeare 1576. by our most gracious Queene
Padget 5. Pembrok 6. Cauendish 7. Smith 8. Hambleton St Catherins forte F Pembroks forte K Kings Castell M Southampton forte L Devonshire Redute O A Scale of 8 Miles 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 St George Towne D Warwicks forte E The 3 Bridges A.B.C. P Riches Mount State house The Letters A.B.C. shew the sittuation of the 3 bridges P the Mount D.E.F.G.H.I.K.L.M.N.O. the forts how and by whom they wer made the history will shew you The discription of the land by Mr Norwood All contracted into this order by Captaine Iohn Smith Smiths forte I Pagets forte H Penistons Redoute G Charles forte N Printed by Iames Reeve THE FOVRTH BOOKE TO MAKE PLAINE THE TRVE PROCEEdings of the Historie for 1609. we must follow the examinations of Doctor Simons and two learned Orations published by the Companie with the relation of the Right Honourable the Lord De la Ware What happened in the first gouernment after the alteration in the time of Captaine George Piercie their Gouernour THE day before Captaine Smith returned for England with the ships Captaine Dauis arriued in a small Pinace with some sixteene proper men more To these were added a company from Iames towne vnder the command of Captaine Iohn Sickelmore alias Ratliffe to inhabit Point Comfort Captaine Martin and Captaine West hauing lost their boats and neere halfe their men among the Saluages were returned to Iames towne for the Saluages no sooner vnderstood Smith was gone but they all reuolted and did spoile and murther all they incountered Now wee were all constrained to liue onely on that Smith had onely for his owne Companie for the rest had consumed their proportions and now they had twentie Presidents with all their appurtenances Master Piercie our new President was so sicke hee could neither goe nor stand But ere all was consumed Captaine West and Captaine Sickelmore each with a small ship and thirtie or fortie men well appointed sought abroad to trade Sickelmore vpon the confidence of Powhatan with about thirtie others as carelesse as himselfe were all slaine onely Ieffrey Shortridge escaped and Pokahontas the Kings daughter saued a boy called Henry Spilman that liued many yeeres after by her meanes amongst the Patawomekes Powhatan still as he found meanes cut off their Boats denied them trade so that Captaine West set saile for England Now we all found the losse of Captaine Smith yea his greatest maligners could now curse his losse as for corne prouision and contribution from the Saluages we had nothing but mortall wounds with clubs and arrowes as for our Hogs Hens Goats Sheepe Horse or what liued our commanders officers Saluages daily consumed them some small proportions sometimes we tasted till all was deuoured then swords armes pieces or any thing wee traded with the Saluages whose cruell fingers were so oft imbrewed in our blouds that what by their crueltie our Gouernours indiscretion and the losse of our ships of fiue hundred within six moneths after Captaine Smiths departure there remained not past sixtie men women and children most miserable and poore creatures and those were preserued for the most part by roots herbes acornes walnuts berries now and then a little fish they that had startch in these extremities made no small vse of it yea euen the very skinnes of our horses Nay so great was our famine that a Saluage we slew and buried the poorer sort tooke him vp againe and eat him and so did diuers one another boyled and stewed with roots and herbs And one amongst the rest did kill his wife powdered her and had eaten part of her before it was knowne for which hee was executed as hee well deserued now whether shee was better roasted boyled or carbonado'd I know not but of such a dish as powdered wise I neuer heard of This was that time which still to this day we called the staruing time it were too vile to say and scarce to be beleeued what we endured but the occasion was our owne for want of prouidence industrie and gouernment and not the barrennesse and defect of the Countrie as is generally supposed for till then in three yeeres for the numbers were landed vs we had neuer from England prouision sufficient for six moneths though it seemed by the bils of loading sufficient was sent vs such a glutton is the Sea and such good fellowes the Mariners we as little tasted of the great proportion sent vs as they of our want and miseries yet notwithstanding they euer ouer-swayed and ruled the businesse though we endured all that is said and chiefly liued on what this good Countrie naturally afforded yet had wee beene euen in Paradice it selfe with these Gouernours it would not haue beene much better with vs yet there was amongst vs who had they had the gouernment as Captaine Smith appointed but that they could not maintaine it would surely haue kept vs from those extremities of miseries This in ten daies more would haue supplanted vs all with death But God that would not this Countrie should be vnplanted sent Sir Thomas Gates and Sir George Sommers with one hundred and fiftie people most happily preserued by the Bermudas to preserue vs strange it is to say how miraculously they were preserued in a leaking ship as at large you may reade in the insuing Historie of those Ilands The gouernment resigned to Sir Thomas Gates 1610. WHen these two Noble Knights did see our miseries being but strangers in that Countrie and could vnderstand no more of the cause but by coniecture of our clamours and complaints of accusing and excusing one another They embarked vs with themselues with the best meanes they could and abandoning Iames towne set saile for England whereby you may see the euent of the gouernment of the former Commanders left to themselues although they had liued there many yeeres as formerly hath beene spoken who hindred now their proceedings Captaine Smith being gone At noone they fell to the I le of Hogs and the next morning to Mulbery point at what time they descried the Long-boat of the Lord la Ware for God would not haue it so abandoned For this honourable Lord then Gouernour of the Countrie met them with three ships exceedingly well furnished with all necessaries fitting who againe returned them to the abandoned Iames towne Out of the obseruations of William Simmons Doctor of Diuinitie The gouernment deuolued to the Lord la Ware HIs Lordship arriued the ninth of Iune 1610. accompanied with Sir Ferdinando Warnman Captaine Houlâ—roft Captaine Lawson and diuers other Gentlemen of sort the tenth he came vp with his fleet went on shore heard a Sermon read his Commission and entred into consultation for the good of the Colonie in which secret counsell we will a little leaue them that we may duly obserue the reuealed counsell of God Hee that shall but turne vp his eie and behold the spangled canopie of heauen or shall but cast downe his eie and consider the embroydered
his first peece of fortification vpon a Rocke which flankers the Kings Castle and finding the ship called the Treasurer starke rotten and vnseruiceable hee tooke nine peeces of Ordinance from her to serue other vses The Garland for want of meanes could not make her voiage to Virginia as she was appointed wherefore he entertained her to returne to England with all the Tabacco they had in the I le It was Ianuary before she departed in which time shee failed not much to haue beene twice cast away But those strange and vnauoidable mischances rather seemed to quicken the Gouernors industry then to dull it Hauing finished the Church begun by Captaine Kendall with an infinite toile and labour he got three peeces out of the wracke VVarwicke Hauing an excellent Dutch Carpinter he entertained of them that were cast away in the Dutch Frigot he imploied him in building of Boats whereof they were in exceeding great want In February they discouered a tall ship beating too and againe as it seemed by her working being ignorant of the Coast some thought her a Spaniard to view their Forts which stand most to that part she so neerely approached some English but the most some Dutch man of Warre The wind blew to high they durst not send out a Boat though they much doubted she would be foule of their Rocks but at last she bore vp rommy for the Sea and we heard of her no more That euening a lucky fellow it should seeme he was that found a peece of Amber-greece of eight ounces as he had twice before which bringing to the Gouernor he had ready money for the one halfe after three pound an ounce according to their order of Court to encourage others to looke out for more and preuent the mischiefe insueth by concealing of it Within a few daies after they descried two Frigots that came close to the shore and sent a Letter to the Gouernor writ in Italian that they were Hollanders had beene in the West-Indies and desired but to arriue refresh themselues with wood and water and so be gone The Gouernor forthwith sent them to vnderstand that being there vnder his Maiestie of England to command those Iles he was to carrie himselfe a friend to his friends and an enemy to his enemies if therefore he could shew a lawfull Commission for his being honestly and nobly emploied he and his should be kindly welcome otherwise they were to aduenture at their perills But his Commission was so good he staied there two moneths and was so well fitted with Oile Bacon they were all glad and happy of this Dutch Captaine Scoutans arriuall with many thanks to their old friend Captaine Powell that had conducted him thither the Colony being exceedingly in great want and distresse bought the most part of it at reasonable rates so Captaine Scoutan returned to the West-Indies and Captaine Powell for his part in the Low-Countries Whilest these things were in action the Aduenturers in \ England made many a long looke for their ships at last the Garland brought them all the newes but the Tobacco was so spoiled either in the leaking ship or the making vp it caused a great suspicion there could none was good come from those Iles where were they but perfit in the cure questionlesse it would be much better then a great quantitie of that they sell for Verinas and many a thousand of it in London hath beene bought and sold by that title The Gouernor being cleere of those distractions falls vpon the restoring of the burnt Redoubt where he cuts out a large new plat-forme and mounts seuen great peece of Ordnance vpon new cariages of Cedar Now amongst all those troubles it was not the least to bring the two Ministers to subscribe to the Booke of Common Praier which all the Bishops in England could not doe Finding it high time to attempt some conformitie bethought himselfe of the Liturgie of Garnsey and Iarse wherein all those particulars they so much stumbled at were omitted No sooner was this propounded but it was gladly imbraced by them both whereupon the Gouernor translated it verbatim out of French into English and caused the eldest Minister vpon Easter day to begin the vse thereof at S. Georges towne where himselfe most of the Councell Officers and Auditorie receiued the Sacrament the which forme they continued during the time of his gouernment Much about this time in such a faire morning that had inuited many Boats farre out to the Sea to fish did rise such a Hericano that much indangered them all so that one of them with two Boies were driuen to Sea and neuer more heard of The Ministers thus agreed a Proclamation was published for keeping of the Sabbath and all the defectiue cariages he endeuoured to haue renewed builded a small Boat of Cedar onely to goe with Ores to be ready vpon any occasion to discouer any shipping and tooke order euery Fort should haue the like Also caused numbers of Cedars to be brought from diuers places in flotes to rebuild the Mount which with an vnspeakable toile was raised seuen foot higher then before and a Falcon mounted at the foot to be alwaies discharged for a warning to all the Forts vpon the discouery of any shipping and this he called Rich Mount This exceeding toile and labour hauing no Cattle but onely mens strengths caused many petitions to the Gouernour that all those generall works might cease till they had reaped their haruests in that they were in great distresse for victuall which hee so well answered their owne shames did cause them desist from that importunity and voluntarily performe as much as hee required Finding accidentally a little crosse erected in a by place amongst a many of bushes vnderstanding there was buried the heart and intrailes of Sir George Summers hee resolued to haue a better memory for so worthy a Souldier then that So finding also a great Marble stone brought out of England hee caused it by Masons to bee wrought handsomely and laid ouer the place which hee inuironed with a square wall of hewen stone Tombe like wherein hee caused to bee grauen this Epitaph he had composed and fixed it vpon the Marble stone and thus it was In the yeere 1611 Noble Sir George Summers went hence to heauen Whos 's well tri'd worth that held him still imploid Gaue him the knowledge of the world so wide Hence 't was by heauens decree that to this place He brought new guests and name to mutuall grace At last his soule and body being to part He here bequeath'd his entrails and his heart Vpon the sixt of Iune began the second Assise that reduced them to the direct forme vsed in England For besides the Gouernour and Councell they haue the Bailiffes of the Tribes in nature of the Deputy Lieutenants of the shires in England for to them are all precepts and warrants directed and accordingly answered and respected they performe also the
to end and die a most miserable death For Affrica had not the industrious Portugals ranged her vnknowne parts who would haue sought for wealth amongst those fried Regions of blacke brutish Negars where notwithstanding all their wealth and admirable aduentures and endeuours more then one hundred and fortie yeeres they know not one third part of those blacke habitations But it is not a worke for euery one to manage such an affaire as make a discouery and plant a Colony it requires all the best parts of art iudgement courage honesty constancy diligence and industry to doe but neere well some are more proper for one thing then another and therein best to be imploied and nothing breeds more confusion then misplacing and misimploying men in their vndertakings Columbus Courtes Pitzara Zoto Magilanus and the rest serued more then a Prentiship to learne how to begin their most memorable attempts in the West-Indies which to the wonder of all ages successefully they effected when many hundreds of others farre aboue them in the worlds opinion being instructed but by relation came to shame and confusion in actions of small moment who doubtlesse in other matters were both wise discreet generous and couragious I say not this to detract any thing from their incomparable merits but to answer those questionlesse questions that keepe vs backe from imitating the worthinesse of their braue spirits that aduanced themselues from poore Souldiers to great Captaines their posterity to great Lords their King to be one of the greatest Potentates on earth and the fruits of their labours his greatest power glory and renowne The Description of New England THat part we call New England is betwixt the degrees of fortie one and fortie fiue the very meane betwixt the North pole and the line but that part this Discourse speaketh of stretcheth but from Penobscot to Câ—pe Cod some seuentie fiue leagues by a right line distant each from other within which bounds I haue seene at least fortie seuerall habitations vpon the Sea Coast and sounded about fiue and twentie excellent good Harbours in many whereof there is anchorage for fiue hundred saile of ships of any burden in some of them for one thousand and more then two hundred Iles ouer-growne with good Timber of diuers sorts of wood which doe make so many Harbours as required a longer time then I had to be well obserued The principall habitation Northward we were at was Pennobscot Southward along the Coast and vp the Riuers we found Mecadacut Segocket Pemaquid Nuscoucus Sagadahock Aumoughcowgen and Kenebeke and to those Countries belong the people of Segotago Paghhuntanuck Pocopassum Taughtanakagnet Warbigganus Nassaque Masherosqueck Wawrigweck Mosâ—oquen Wakcogo Pasharanack c. To these are alied in confederacy the Countries of Ancocisco Accomynticus Passataquack Aggawom and Naemkeck All these for any thing I could perceiue differ little in language fashion or gouernment though most of them be Lords of themselues yet they hold the Bashabes of Penobscot the chiefe and greatest amongst them The next I can remember by name are Mattahunts two pleasant Iles of Groues Gardens and Corne fields a league in the Sea from the maine Then Totant Massachuset Topent Secassaw Totheet Nasnocomacack Accomack Chawum Patuxet Massasoyts Pakanokick then Cape Cod by which is Pawmet and the I le Nawset of the language and aliance of them of Chawum the others are called Massachusets and differ somewhat in language custome and condition for their Trade and Merchandize to each of their principall families or habitations they haue diuers Townes and people belonging and by their relations and descriptions more then twentie seuerall habitations and riuers that stretch themselues farre into the Countrey euen to the Borders of diuers great Lakes where they kill and take most of their Otters from Pennobscot to Sagadaboc This Coast is mountainous and Iles of huge Rockes but ouer-growne for most part with most sorts of excellent good woods for building Houses Boats Barks or Ships with an incredible abundance of most sorts of Fish much Fowle and sundry sorts of good Fruits for mans vse Betwixt Sagadahock Sowocatuck there is but two or three Sandy Bayes but betwixt that and Cape Iames very many especially the Coast of the Massachusets is so indifferently mixed with high Clay or Sandy clifts in one place and the tracts of large long ledges of diuers sorts and Quaries of stones in other places so strangely diuided with tinctured veines of diuers colours as Free-stone for building Slate for tyling smooth stone to make Furnasses and Forges for Glasse and Iron and Iron Ore sufficient conueniently to melt in them but the most part so resembleth the Coast of Deuonshire I thinke most of the clifts would make such Lime-stone if they bee not of these qualities they are so like they may deceiue a better iudgement then mine all which are so neere adioyning to those other aduantages I obserued in these parts that if the Ore proue as good Iron and Steele in those parts as I know it is within the bounds of the Countrey I dare ingage my head hauing but men skilfull to worke the Simples there growing to haue all things belonging to the building and rigging of ships of any proportion and good Merchandise for their fraught within a square of ten or foureteene leagues and it were no hard matter to proue it within a lesse limitation And surely by reason of those sandy clifts and clifts of rocks both which we saw so planted with Gardens and Corne fields and so well inhabited with a goodly strong and well proportioned people besides the greatnesse of the Timber growing on them the greatnesse of the Fish and the moderate temper of the aire for of fiue and forty not a man was sicke but two that were many yeares diseased before they went notwithstanding our bad lodging and accidentall diet who can but approue this a most excellent place both for health and fertilitie and of all the foure parts of the world I haue yet seene not inhabited could I haue but means to transport a Colony I would rather liue here then any where and if it did not maintaine it selfe were we but once indifferently well fitted let vs starue The maine staple from hence to bee extracted for the present to produce the rest is Fish which howbeit may seeme a meane and a base Commoditie yet who will but truly take the paines and consider the sequell I thinke will allow it well worth the labour It is strange to see what great aduentures the hopes of setting forth men of warre to rob the industrious innocent would procure or such massie promises in grosse though more are choaked then well fed with such hastie hopes But who doth not know that the poore Hollanders chiefely by fishing at a great charge and labour in all weathers in the open Sea are made a people so hardy and industrious and by the venting this poore Commoditie to the Easterlings for as
Pocahontas meeting in England with Captaine Smith Vitamatomack obseruations of his vsage Pocahontas her entertainment with the Queene Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The death of Pocahontas 1000. bushels of Corne from the Saluages Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The death of the Lord la Ware They are relieued in new-New-England Richard Killingbeck and foure other murdered by the Saluages Their Church and Store-house Farfax three children and two boyes also murdered Powhatans death Haile-stones eight inches about Sir Edwin Sands Treasurer Master Iohn Fareâ— Deputie Waraskoyack planted A barrell they account foure bushels Their time of Parlament Foure corporations named Captaine Wards exploit The number of Ships and men Gifts giuen But few performe them The Earle of Southampton Treasurer and M. Iohn Ferrar Deputy A French-man cast away at Guardalupo The Spaniards begin The Vice-Admirall shot betweene wind and water The manner of their fight The Captaine slaine A worthy exploit of Lucas The euent of the fight The Eaâ—le of South-hampton Treasurer Master Iohn Farrar Deputy The election of Sir Francis Wyat Gouernour for Virginia Notes worthy obseruation A degression Master Stockams relation The arriuall of Sir Francis Wyat. Master Gookins Plantation The number of Ships and men Gifts giuen Patents granted My iourney to the Easterne shore A good place to make salt in The King of Pawtxunts entertainment The trecherie of Namanicus Thomas Saluages good seruice The Earle of Southâ—mpton Treasure and Nicolas Farrar Deputy Fiue and twentie sent only to build Barks and Boats The death of Nemattanow writ by M. Wimp Security a bad guard The manner of the massacre Their cruelty The murder of Master Thorp The slauâ—hter of Captaine Powell A Saluage slaine M. Baldwines escape M. Thomas Hamer with 22 escapeth Captaine Ralfe Hamer with forty escapeth The Saluages attempt to surprise a ship Six of the Councell slaine How it was reuealed Memorandums Captaine Smith His Maiesties gâ—t London sets out 100 persons A lamentable example tâ—o oft appâ—oued Note this conclusion How the Spaniaâ—ds raise their wealth in the West Indies How they were reduced to fiue or six places Gookiâ—s and 〈◊〉 resolutions The opinion of Captaine Smith The prouidence of Captaine Nuse Captaine Croshaw his voyage to Patawomâ—k The arriuall of this newes in England Captaine Smiths offer to the Company Their answer The manner of the Sallery Captaine Croshaw states at Patawomek and his aduentures The escape of Waters and his Wâ—â—e The arriuall of Captaine 〈◊〉 at Patawomek Croshaws Fort and plot for trade â—â—â—taine Madysâ—â—â—ent â—ent to Patawâ—mâ—k The industry of Captaine Nuse Captaine Powel kils 3. Saluages The opinion of Captaine Smith Sir George Yearleys iourny to Accomack Captaine Nuse his misery An Alarum foure slaine The kindnesse of the King of Patawomek A Saluageâ— policy Madâ—son takes the Kâ—ng and kils 30. oâ— 40. The King set at liberty A digression Their proceedings of the other plantations 300 surpriseth Nandsamund Samuell Collyer slaine They surprise Pamavuke The opinion of Captaine Smith How to subiect all the Saluages in Virginia The arriuall of Captaine Butler his accidents A strange deliueraâ—ce of Master Aâ—gent others How Captaine Spilman was left in the Riuer of Patawomek The Earle of Southampton Treasurer Apparell for one man and so after the rate for more The causes of our first miseries But â—8 English in all Virginia Proofes of the healthfulnesse of the Countrey How the Saluages became subiected How we liued of the natural fruits of the Countrey Proofe of the Commodities we returned What we built How I left the Country My charge My reward The King hath pleased to take it iâ—to 〈◊〉 â—â—â—sideration The description of the Iles. The clime temper and fertility Trees and Fruits The Prickell Peare The poison weed The red weed The purging Beane The costiue tree Red Pepper The Sea feather Fruits transported Birds Egge-Birds Cahowes The Tropicke Bird and the Pemblicos presagements Of Vermine 〈◊〉 Ashes The most hurtfull things in those Iles. How it is supposed they were called the Bermudâ—â— The building and calking their Barke His returne for England A most desperate estate by a storm The care and iudgement of Sir George Somers An euident token of Gods mercy Sir George Somers 〈…〉 What meanes they mâ—de to send to Virginia A mariage and two children borne Their arriuall in Virginia Sir George Sâ—mmers his returne to the Bermudas 〈…〉 The proceedings of the three men A peece of Amber-greece of 80. pound weight How they were supplied 1611. The arriuall of Master More 1612. Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer Their differences about the Amber-greece Chard in danger of hanging Master Mores industry in fortifying and planting A contention of the Minister agâ—inst the Gouernor Two peeces wâ—â—hed out of the Sea Aduenture The first supply 1613. The second supply Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer A strange increase of Potatoes The attempt of two Spanish ships A great famine and mortalitie Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer A strange being of Rauens All workes abandoned to get onely victual A supply and M. Mores returne Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer Master Carter Captaine Kendall Capt. Mansfield A wonderfull accident Treasure found in the Summer Iles. A new Gouernor chosen Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer Captaine Tuckars proceedings A Barke sent to the West Indies The Assises The strange aduenture of fiue men in a boat Plants from the West Indies The exploits of Captain Powâ—ll The second Assise The third Assise Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The countrey neere deuoured with rats A strange confusion of rats The returne of M. Powel from the Indies A supposed mutiny by M. Pollard and M. Rich. 1618. The diuision of the Iles into Tribes Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer The first Magazin Two exploits of desperate Fugitiues The arriuall of the Blessing The arriuall of two ships Captaine Butler chosen Gouernor A plat-forme burnt and much hurt by a Hericano 1619. The refortifying the Kings Castle Amber-greece found The arriuall of two Dutch Frigots The differences betwixt the Ministers The rebuilding the Mount. The Tombe of Sir George Summers Their manner of lawes reformed Martiall Officers Ciuill Officers and Courts The second Assise A generall assemblie in manner a Parliament Their Acts. The arriuall of the Magazin ship 70000. weight of Tobacco The building of three bridges and other works The generall Assises and the proceedings A strange deliuerance of a Spanish wracke How they solemnized the powder treason and the arriuall of two ships The Spaniards returne and in danger againe 1621. Three English Murderers found in the Spanish wracke Their Assises and other passages A strange Sodomy More trialls about the wracks The Planters complaints The returne of Captaine Butler The Lord Caueâ—dâ—sh Tâ—easuâ—er Master Nicholas Farrar Deputy Sir Edward Sackuil Treasurer Master Gabriel Barber Deputy Note 1624. Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer and Master Edwards Deputy Sir Francis Popham Treasurer My first voyage to New England 1614. The coÌ„modities I got amounted to 1500. pounds The trechery of Master Hunt How Prince Charles
sicke They noted also we had no women nor cared for any of theirs some therefore thought we were not borne of women and therefore not mortall but that we were men of an old generation many yeares past risen againe from immortalitie Some would Prophesie there were more of our generation yet to come to kill theirs and take their places Those that were to come after vs they imagined to be in the ayre yet invisible and without bodies and that they by our intreaties for loue of vs did make the people die as they did by shooting invisible bullets into them To confirme this their Physicians to excuse their Ignorance in curing the disease would make the simple people beleeue that the strings of bloud they sucked out of the sicke bodies were the strings wherein the invisible bullets were tyed and cast Some thought we shot them our selues from the place where we dwelt and killed the people that had offended vs as we listed how farre distant soever And others said it was the speciall worke of God for our sakes as we had cause in some sort to thinke no lesse whatsoever some doe or may imagine to the contrary especially some Astrologers by the eclipse of the Sunne we saw that yeare before our Voyage and by a Comet which began to appeare but a few dayes before the sicknesse began but to exclude them from being the speciall causes of so speciall an Accident there are farther reasons then I thinke fit to present or alledge These their opinions I haue set downe that you may see there is hope to imbrace the truth and honor obey feare and loue vs by good dealing and government though some of our company towards the latter end before we came away with Sir Francis Drake shewed themselues too furious in slaying some of the people in some Townes vpon causes that on our part might haue bin borne with more mildnesse notwithstanding they iustly had deserued it The best neverthelesse in this as in all actions besides is to be indevoured and hoped and of the worst that may happen notice to be taken with consideration and as much as may be eschewed the better to allure them hereafter to Civilitie and Christianitie Thus you may see How Nature her selfe delights her selfe in sundry Instruments That sundry things be done to decke the earth with Ornaments Nor suffers she her servants all should runne one race But wills the walke of every one frame in a divers pace That divers wayes and divers workes the world might better grace Written by Thomas Heriot one of the Voyage How Sir Richard Grenvill went to relieue them IN the yeare of our Lord 1586. Sir Walter Raleigh and his Associates prepared a ship of a hundred tun fraughted plentifully of all things necessary but before they set sayle from England it was Easter And arriving at Hatoraâ—k they after some time spent in seeking the Collony vp in the Country and not finding them returned with all the provision againe to England About 14. or 15. dayes after Sir Richard Grenvill accompanied with three ships well appoynted arrived there Who not finding the aforesaid ship according to his expectation nor hearing any newes of the Collony there seated and left by him as is said 1585. travailing vp and downe to seeke them but when he could heare no newes of them and found their habitation abandoned vnwilling to lose the possession of the Country after good deliberation he landed fiftie men in the I le of Roanoak plentifully furnished with all manner of provision for two yeares and so returned for England Where many began strangely to discant of those crosse beginnings and him which caused me remember an old saying of Euripides Who broacheth ought that 's new to fooles vntaught Himselfe shall iudged be vnwise and good for naught Three Ships more sent to relieue them by Mr. White WE went the old course by the west Indies and Simon Ferdinando our continuall Pilot mistaking Virginia for Cape Fear we sayled not much to haue beene cast away vpon the conceit of our all-knowing Ferdinando had it not beene prevented by the vigilancy of Captaine Stafford We came to Hatorask the 22. of Iuly and with fortie of our best men intending at Roanoack to find the 50 men left by Sir Richard Grenvill But we found nothing but the bones of a man and where the Plantation had beene the houses vnhurt but overgrowne with weeds and the Fort defaced which much perplexed vs. By the History it seemes Simon Ferdinando did what he could to bring this voyage to confusion but yet they all arrived at Hatorask They repayred the old houses at Roanock and Master George How one of the Councell stragling abroad was slaine by the Salvages Not long after Master Stafford with 20. men went to Croatan with Manteo whose friends dwelled there of whom we thought to haue some newes of our 50 men They at first made shew to fight but when they heard Manteo they threw away their Armes and were friends and desired there might be a token giuen to be knowne by least we might hurt them by misprision as the yeare before one had bin by Master Layne that was ever their friend and there present yet lame The next day we had conference with them concerning the people of Secotan Aquascogoc and Pomeiok willing them of Croatan to see if they would accept our friendship and renew our old acquaintance which they willingly imbraced and promised to bring their King and Governours to Roanoak to confirme it We also vnderstood that Master Howe was slaine by the men of Wingina of Dassamonpeack and by them of Roanoack that the fiftie men left by Sir Richard Grenvill were suddainly set vpon by three hundred of Secotan Aquascogoc and Dassamonpeack First they intruded themselues among 11 of them by friendship one they slew the rest retyring to their houses they set them on fire that our men with what came next to hand were forced to make their passage among them where one of them was shot in the mouth and presently dyed and a Salvage slaine by him On both sides more were hurt but our men retyring to the water side got their boat ere they had rowed a quarter of a myle towards Hatorask they tooke vp foure of their fellowes gathering Crabs and Oysters at last they landed on a little I le by Hatorask where they remained a while but after departed they knew not whether So taking our leaues of the Croatans we came to our Fleet at Hatorask The Governour having long expected the King and Governours of Pomeiok Secotan Aquascogoc and Dassamonpeack and the 7. dayes expired and no newes of them being also informed by those of Croatan that they of Dassamonpeack slew Master How and were at the driving our men from Raonoack he thought no longer to deferre the revenge Wherefore about midnight with Captaine Stafford and twentie-foure men whereof Manteo was one for our guide
vp 8. ynches although this was but the crust of the ground and much inferiour to the mould we after found in the mayne After we had taken order for all our necessary businesses we marched through two of these Isles The biggest was 4. or 5. myles in compasse we found here all sorts of ordinary trees besides Vines Currants Spruce Yew Angelica and divers gummes in so much many of our company wished themselues setled here Vpon the 30. our Captaine with 13. went to discover the mayne we in the ship espyed 3. Canowes that came towards the ship Which after they had well viewed one of them came aboord with 3. men and by our good vsage of them not long after the rest two dayes we had their companies in all respects they are but like them at Elizabeths Isles therefore this may suffice for their description In this time our Captain had discovered a fayre river trending into the mayne 40 myles and returned backe to bring in the ship The Salvages also kept their words and brought vs 40. Bever Oter and sable skins for the value of 5. shillings in kniues glasses combes and such toyes and thus we vsed them so kindly as we could because we intended to inhabit in their Country they lying aboord with vs and we ashore with them but it was but as changing man for man as hostages and in this manner many times we had their companies At last they desired our Captaine to goe with them to the mayne to trade with their Bashabes which is their chiefe Lord which we did our boat well manned with 14. yet would they row faster with 3. Ores in their Canowes then we with 8. but when we saw our old acquaintance would not stay aboord vs as before for hostage but did what they could to draw vs into a narrow câ—ke we exchanged one Owen Griffin with them for a yong fellow of theirs that he might see if he could discover any trechery as he did for he found there assembled 283. Salvages with bowes arrows but not any thing at all to trade as they pretended These things considered we conceited them to be but as all Salvages ever had beene kinde till they found opportunitie to do mischiefe Wherefoer we determined to take some of them before they should suspect we had discovered their plot lest they should absent themselues from vs so the first that ever after came into the ship were three which we kept and two we tooke on shore with much adoe with two Canowes their bowes and arrowes Some time we spent in sounding all the Isles channels and inlets thereabouts and we found 4. severall waies a ship might be brought into this Bay In the interim there came 2. Canowes more boldly aboord vs signifying we should bring our ship to the place where he dwelt to trade We excused our selues why we could not but vsed them kindly yet got them away with all the speed we could that they should not be perceiued by them in the houle then we went vp the river 26. myles of which I had rather not write then by my relation detract from it it is in breadth a myle neare 40. myles and a channell of 6.7.8.9 or 10. fadom on both sides every halfe myle gallant Coues to containe in many of them 100 sayle where they may lye on Oze without Cable or Anchor onely mored with a Hanser and it floweth 18. foot that you may make docke or carine ships with much facilitie besides the land is most rich trending all along on both sides in an equall plaine neither rocky nor mountainous but verged with a greene border of grasse doth make tender to the beholder her pleasant fertilitie if by cleansing away the woods she were converted into meadow The woods are great and tall such as are spoken of in the Islelands and well watered with many fresh springs Our men that had seene Oranoque so famous in the worlds eares Reogrande Loyer Slion report though they be great goodly rivers yet are not comparable to it Leaving our ship we went higher till we were 7. myles higher then the salt water flowed we marched towards the mountains we had seene but the weather was so hot our labour so great as our Captaine was contented to returne after we had erected a crosse we left this faire land and river in which the higher we went the better we liked it and returned to our ship By the way we met a Canow that much desired one of our men to go vp to their Basshabes but we knew their intents and so turned them off and though we had both time and provision to haue discovered much more and might haue found peradventure good trade yet because our company was but small we would not hazzard so hopefull a businesse as this was either for our private or particular ends being more regardfull of a publicke good and promulgating Gods holy Church by planting Christianity which was the intent of our adventurers so well as ours returning by the Isles in the entry of the Sound we called them St Georges Isles because on sunday we set out of England on sunday also the 16. of Iune we departed hence When we had run 30. leagues we had 40. fadom â—hen 70. then 100. After 2. or 3. watches more we were in 24. fadoms where we tooke so much Cod as we did know what to doe with and the 18. of Iuly came to Dartmouth and all our men as well God be thanked as when they went forth Thus may you see God hath not all his gifts bestowed on all or any one Words sweetest and wits sharpest courage strength of bone All rarities of minde and parts doe all concurre in none Written by Iames Rosier one of the Voyage VIRGINIA ⧠The second Booke THE SIXT VOYAGE 1606. To another part of Virginia where now are Planted our English Colonies Whom God increase and preserue Discovered and Described by Captaine IOHN SMITH sometimes Governour of the Countrey BY these former relations you may see what incoÌ„veniences still crossed those good intents and how great a mattter it was all this time to finde but a Harbour although there be so many But this Virginia is a Country in America betweene the degrees of 34. and 45. of the North latitude The bounds thereof on the East side are the great Ocean on the South lyeth Florida on the North nova Francia as for the West thereof the limits are vnknowne Of all this Country we purpose nor to speake but onely of that part which was planted by the English men in the yeare of our Lord 1606. And this is vnder the degrees 37.38 and 39. The temperature of this Country doth agree well with English constitutions being once seasoned to the Country Which appeared by this that though by many occasions our people fell sicke yet did they recover by very small meanes and continued in health though there were
very Ports they would take them perforce surprise vs at worke or any way which was so long permitted they became so insolent there was no rule the command from England was so strait not to offend them as our authoritie-bearers keeping their houses would rather be any thing then peace-breakers This charitable humor prevailed till well it chanced they medled with Captaine Smith who without farther deliberation gaue them such an incounter as some he so hunted vp and downe the Isle some he so terrified with whipping beating and imprisoâ—ment as for revenge they surprised two of our forraging disorderly souldiers and having assembled their forces boldly threatned at our Ports to force Smith to redeliver seven Salvages which for their villanies he detained prisoners or we were all but dead men But to try their furies he sallied out amongst them and in lesse then an houre he so hampred their insolencies they brought them his two men desiring peace without any further composition for their prisoners Those he examined and caused them all beleeue by severall vollies of shot one of their companions was shot to death because they would not confesse their intents and plotters of those villanies And thus they all agreed in one point they were directed onely by Powhatan to obtaine him our weapons to cut our owne throats with the manner where how and when which we plainly found most true and apparant yet he sent his messengers and his dearest daughter Pocahontas with presents to excuse him of the iniuries done by some rash vntoward Captaines his subiects desiring their liberties for this time with the assurance of his loue for ever After Smith had given the prisoners what correction he thought fit vsed them well a day or two after then delivered them Pocahontas for whose sake onely he fayned to haue saued their liues and gaue them libertie The patient Councell that nothing would moue to warre with the Salvages would gladly haue wrangled with Captaine Smith for his crueltie yet none was slaine to any mans knowledge but it brought them in such feare and obedience as his very name would sufficiently affright them where before wee had sometime peace and warre twice in a day and very seldome a weeke but we had some trecherous villany or other The fraught of this Ship being concluded to be Cedar by the diligence of the Master and Captaine Smith she was quickly reladed Master Scrivener was neither idle nor slow to follow all things at the Fort the Ship being ready to set sayle Captaine Martin being alwayes very sickly and vnserviceable and desirous to inioy the credit of his supposed Art of finding the golden Mine was most willingly admitted to returne for England For He hath not fill'd his lapp That still doth hold it oap From the writings of Thomas Studley and Anas Tâ—dkill Their Names that were landed in this Supply Mathew Scrivener appointed to be one of the Councell Gent. Michaell Phittiplace William Phittiplace Ralph Morton Richard Wyffing Iohn Taverner William Cantrell Robert Barnes Richard Fetherstone George Hill George Pretty Nathaniell Causy Peter Pory Robert Gutler Michaell Sicklemore William Bentley Thomas Coe Doctor Russell Ieffrey Abbot Edward Gurgana Richard Worley Timothy Leeds Richard Killingbeck William Spence Richard â—rodger Richard Pots Richard Mullinax William Bayley Francis Perkins Iohn Harper George Forest. Iohn Nichols William Griuell Labourers RaymoÌ„d Goodison William Simons Iohn Spearman Richard Bristow William Perce Iames Watkins Iohn Bouth Christopher Rods. Richard Burket Iames Burre Nicholas Ven. Francis Perkins Richard Gradon Rawland Nelstrop Richard Savage Thomas Savage Richard Milmer William May. Vere Michaell Bishop Wiles Taylers Thomas Hope William Ward Iohn Powell William Yong. William Beckwith Larence Towtales Apothecaries Thomas Field Iohn Harford Dani Stallings Ieweller Will Dawson a refiner Abram Ransack a refiner Wil. Iohnson a Goldsmith Peter Keffer a gunsmith Rob. Alberton a perfumer Richard Belfuld a Goldsmith Post Ginnat a Chirurg Iohn Lewes a Cooper Robert Cotton a Tobacco-pipe-maker Richard Dole a Black-smith And divers others to the number of 120. CHAPTER V. The Accidents that hapned in the Discovery of the Bay of Chisapeack THe prodigalitie of the Presidents state went so deepe into our small store that Smith and Scrivener tyed him and his Parasites to the rules of proportion But now Smith being to depart the Presidents authoritie so overswayed the discretion of Mr Scrivener that our store our time our strength and labours were idely consumed to fulfill his phantasies The second of Iune 1608. Smith left the Fort to performe his Discovery with this Company Walter Russell Doctor of Physicke Gentlemen Ralfe Murton Thomas Momford William Cantrill Richard Fetherston Iames Burne Michell Sicklemore Souldiers Ionas Profit Anas Todkill Robert Small Iames Watkins Iohn Powell Iames Read Richard Keale These being in an open Barge neare three tuns burthen leaving the Phoenix aâ— Cape Henry they crossed the Bay to the Easterne shore and fell with the Isles called Smiths Isles after our Captaines name The first people we saw were two grim and stout Salvages vpon Cape Charles with long poles like lauelings headed with bone they boldly demanded what we were and what we would but after many circumstances they seemed very kinde and directed vs to Accomack the habitation of their Werowance where we were kindly intreated This King was the comliest proper civill Salvage we incountred His Country is a pleasant fertile clay â—oyle some small creekes good Harbours for small Barks but not for Ships He told vs of a strange accident lately happened him and it was two children being dead some extreame passions or dreaming visions phantasies or affection moued their parents againe to revisit their dead carkases whose benummed bodies reflected to the eyes of the beholders such delightfull countenances as though they had regained their vitall spirits This as a miracle drew many to behold them all which being a great part of his people not long after dyed and but few escaped They spake the language of Powhatan wherein they made such descriptions of the Bay Isles and rivers that often did vs exceeding pleasure Passing along the coast searching every inlet and Bay fit for harbours and habitations Seeing many Isles in the midst of the Bay we bore vp for them but ere we could obtaine them such an extreame gust of wind rayne thunder and lightening happened that with great danger we escaped the vnmercifull raging of that Ocean-like water The highest land on the mayne yet it was but low we called Keales hill and these vninhabited Isles Russels Isles The next day searching them for fresh water we could find none the defect whereof forced vs to follow the next Easterne Channell which brought vs to the river of Wighcocomoco The people at first with great fury seemed to assault vs yet at last with songs and daunces and much mirth became very tractable but searching their habitations for water we could fill but
all his Souldiers with a tripple power and twice tripple better meanes by what they haue done in his absence the world may see what they would haue done in his presence had he not prevented their indiscretions it doth iustly proue what cause he had to send them for England and that he was neither factious mutinous nor dishonest But they haue made it more plaine since his returne for England having his absolute authoritie freely in their power with all the advantages and opportunitie that his labours had effected As I am sorry their actions haue made it so manifest so I am vnwilling to say what reason doth compell me but onely to make apparant the truth least I should seeme partiall reasonlesse and malicious CHAPTER XII The Arrivall of the third Supply TO redresse those jarres and ill proceedings the Treasurer Councell and Company of Virginia not finding that returne and profit they expected and them ingaged there not having meanes to subsist of themselues made meanes to his Maiestie to call in their Commission and take a new in their owne names as in their owne publication 1610. you may â—eade at large Having thus annihilated the old by vertue of a Commission made to the right Honourable Sir Thomas West Lord de la Warre to be Generall of Virginia Sir Thomas Gates his Lieutenant Sir George Somers Admirall Sir Thomas Dale high Marshall Sir Fardinando Wainman Generall of the Horse and so all other offices to many other worthy Gentlemen for their liues though not any of them had ever beene in Virginia except Captaine Newport who was also by Patent made vice-Admirall those noble Gentlemen drew in such great summes of money that they sent Sir Thomas Gates Sir George Somers and Captaine Newport with nine shippes and fiue hundred people who had each of them a Commission who first arrived to call in the old without the knowledge or consent of them that had endured all those former dangers to beat the path not any regard had at all of them All things being ready because those three Captaines could not agree for place it was concluded they should goe all in one ship so all their three Commissions were in that Ship with them called the Sea-Venture They set sayle from England in May 1609. A small Catch perished at Sea in a Hericano the Admirall with an hundred and fiftie men with the two Knights and their new Commission their Bils of Loading with all manner of directions and the most part of their provision arrived not With the other seaven Ships as Captaines arrived Ratliffe whose right name as is sayd was Sicklemore Martin and Archer with Captaine Wood Captaine Webbe Captaine Moone Captaine King Captaine Davis and divers Gentlemen of good meanes and great parentage But the first as they had beene troublesome at Sea began againe to marre all ashore for though as is said they were formerly sent for England yet now returning againe graced by the titles of Captaines of the passengers seeing the Admirall wanting and great probabilitie of her losse strengthened themselues with those new companies so exclaiming against Captaine Smith that they mortally hated him ere ever they saw him Who vnderstanding by his Scouts the arrivall of such a Fleet little dreaming of any such supply supposed them Spanyards But he quickly so determined and ordered our affaires as we little feared their Arrivall nor the successe of our incounter nor were the Salvages any way negligent for the most part to ayd and assist vs with their best power Had it so beene we had beene happy for we would not haue trusted them but as our foes where receiuing them as our Countreymen and friends they did what they could to murther our President to surprise the Store the Fort and our Iudgings to vsurpe the government and make vs all their servants and slaues till they could consume vs and our remembrance and rather indeed to supplant vs then supply vs as master William Box an honest Gentleman in this voyage thus relateth In the tayle of a Hericano wee were separated from the Admirall which although it was but the remainder of that Storme there is seldome any such in England or those Northerne parts of Europe Some lost their Masts some their Sayles blowne from their Yards the Seas so over-raking our Ships much of our prouision was spoyled our Fleet separated and our men sicke and many dyed and in this miserable estate we arrived in Virginia But in this Storme When ratling Thunder ran along the Clouds Did not the Saylers poore and Masters proud A terror feele as strucke with feare of God Did not their trembling ioynts then dread his rod Least for foule deeds and black mouth'd blasphemies The rufull time be come that vengeance cryes To a thousand mischiefes those lewd Captaines led this lewd company wherein were many vnruly Gallants packed thither by their friends to escape ill destinies and those would dispose and determine of the government sometimes to one the next day to another to day the old Commission must rule to morrow the new the next day neither in fine they would rule all or ruine all yet in charitie we must endure them thus to destroy vs or by correcting their follies haue brought the worlds censure vpon vs to be guiltie of their blouds Happie had we beene had they never arrived and we for ever abandoned and as we were left to our fortunes for on earth for the number was never more confusion or misery then their factions occasioned The President seeing the desire those Braues had to rule seeing how his authoritie was so vnexpectedly changed would willingly haue left all and haue returned for England But seeing there was small hope this new Commission would arriue longer he would not suffer those factious spirits to proceede It would be too tedious too strange and almost incredible should I particularly relate the infinite dangers plots and practices he daily escaped amongst this factious crew the chiefe whereof he quickly layd by the heeles till his leasure better served to doe them iustice and to take away all occasions of further mischiefe Master Percie had his request granted to returne for England being very sicke and Mr West with an hundred and twentie of the best he could chuse he sent to the Fâ—lles Martin with neare as many to Nandsamund with their due proportions of all provisions according to thir numbers Now the Presidents yeare being neare expired he made Captaine Martin President to follow the order for the election of a President every yeare but he knowing his owne insufficiency and the companies vntowardnesse and little regard of him within three houres after resigned it againe to Captaine Smith and at Nandsamund thus proceeded the people being contributers vsed him kindly yet such was his iealous feare in the midst of their mirth he did surprise this poore naked King with his Monuments houses and the Isle he inhabited and there
carpet of the earth and withall shall marke how the heauens heare the earth and the earth the Corne and Oile and they relieue the necessities of man that man will acknowledge Gods infinite Prouidence But hee that shall further obserue how God inclineth all casuall euents to worke the necessary helpe of his Saints must needs adore the Lords infinite goodnesse neuer had any people more iust cause to cast themselues at the very foot-â—toole of God and to reuerence his mercie than this distressed Colonie for if God had not sent Sir Thomas Gates from the Bermudas within foure daies they had almost beene famished if God had not directed the heart of that noble Knight to saue the Fort from fiering at their shipping for many were very importunate to haue burnt it they had beene destitute of a present harbour and succour if they had abandoned the Fort any longer time and had not so soone returned questionlesse the Indians would haue destroied the Fort which had beene the meanes of our safeties amongst them and a terror If they had set saile sooner and had lanched into the vast Ocean who would haue promised they should haue incountered the Fleet of the Lord la Ware especially when they made for New found land as they intended a course contrarie to our Nauie approaching If the Lord la Ware had not brought with him a yeeres prouision what comfort would those poore soules haue receiued to haue beene relanded to a second distruction This was the arme of the Lord of Hosts who would haue his people passe the red Sea and Wildernesse and then to possesse the land of Canaan It was diuinely spâ—ken of Heathen Socrates If God for man be carefull why should man bee ouer-distrustfull for he hath so tempered the contrary qualities of the Elements That neither cold things want heat nor moist things dry Nor sad things spirits to quicken them thereby Yet make they musicall content of contrarietie Which conquer'd knits them in such links together They doe produce euen all this whatsoeuer The Lord Gouernour after mature deliberation deliuered some few words to the Companie laying iust blame vpon them for their haughtie vanities and sluggish idlenesse earnestly intreating them to amend those desperate follies lest hee should be compelled to draw the sword of Iustice and to cut off such delinquents which he had rather draw to the shedding of his vitall bloud to protect them from iniuries heartning them with relation of that store hee had brought with him constituting officers of all conditions to rule ouer them allotting euery man his particular place to watch vigilantly and worke painfully This Oration and direction being receiued with a generall applause you might shortly behold the idle and restie diseases of a diuided multitude by the vnitie and authoritie of this gouernment to be substantially cured Those that knew not the way to goodnesse before but cherished singularitie and faction can now chalke out the path of all respectiue dutie and seruice euery man endeuoureth to outstrip other in diligence the French preparing to plant the Vines the English labouring in the Woods and grounds euery man knoweth his charge and dischargeth the same with alacritie Neither let any man be discouraged by the relation of their daily labour as though the sap of their bodies should bee spent for other mens profit the setled times of working to effect all themselues or as the Aduenturers need desire required no more paines than from six of the clocke in the morning vntill ten and from two in the afternoone till foure at both which times they are prouided of spirituall and corporall reliefe First they enter into the Church and make their praiers vnto God next they returne to their houses and receiue their proportion of food Nor should it bee conceiued that this businesse excludeth Gentlemen whose breeding neuer knew what a daies labour meant for though they cannot digge vse the Spade nor practice the Axe yet may the staied spirits of any condition finde how to imploy the force of knowledge the exercise of counsell the operation and power of their best breeding and qualities The houses which are built are as warme and defensiue against wind and weather as if they were tiled and slated being couered aboue with strong boards and some matted round with Indian mats Our forces are now such as are able to tame the furie and trecherie of the Saluages Our Forts assure the Inhabitants and frustrate all assaylants And to leaue no discouragement in the heart of any who personally shall enter into this great action I will communicate a double comfort first Sir George Sommers that worthy Admirall hath vndertaken a dangerous aduenture for the good of the Colonie Vpon the 15. of Iune accompanied with Captaine Samuel Argall hee returned in two Pinaces vnto the Bermudas promising if by any meanes God will open a way to that Iland of Rocks that he would soone returne with six moneths prouision of flesh with much crosse weather at last hee there safely arriued but Captaine Argall was forced backe againe to Iames towne whom the Lord De la Ware not long after sent to the Riuer of Patawomeke to trade for Corne where finding an English boy one Henry Spilman a young Gentleman well descended by those people preserued from the furie of Powhatan by his acquaintance had such good vsage of those kinde Saluages that they fraughted his ship with Corne wherewith he returned to Iames towne The other comfort is that the Lord la Ware hath built two new Forts the one called Fort Henry the other Fort Charles in honour of our most noble Prince and his hopefull brother vpon a pleasant plaine and neare a little Riuilet they call Southampton Riuer they stand in a wholsome aire hauing plentie of Springs of sweet water they command a great circuit of ground containing Wood Pasture and Marsh with apt places for Vines Corne and Gardens in which Forts it is resolued that all those that come out of England shall be at their first landing quartered that the wearisomnesse of the Sea may bee refreshed in this pleasing part of the Countrie and Sir Thomas Gates hee sent for England But to correct some iniuries of the Paspahegs he sent Captaine Pearcie Master Stacy and fiftie or threescore shot where the Saluages flying they burnt their houses tooke the Queene and her children prisoners whom not long after they slew The fertilitie of the soile the temperature of the climate the forme of gouernment the condition of our people their daily inuocating of the Name of God being thus expressed why should the successe by the rules of mortall iudgement bee disparaged why should not the rich haruest of our hopes be seasonably expected I dare say that the resolution of Caesar in France the designes of Alexander the discoueries of Hernando Cortes in the West and of Emanuel King of Portugal in the East were not encouraged vpon so firme grounds of state and
fit for such a personage with so braue and great attendance for some small number of aduentrous Gentlemen to make discoueries and lie in Garrison ready vpon any occasion to keepe in feare the inconstant Saluages nothing were more requisite but to haue more to wait play than worke or more commanders and officers than industrious labourers was not so necessarie for in Virginia a plaine Souldier that can vse a Pick-axe and spade is better than fiue Knights although they were Knights that could breake a Lance for men of great place not inured to those incounters when they finde things not sutable grow many times so discontented they forget themselues oft become so carelesse that a discontented melancholy brings them to much sorrow and to others much miserie At last they stood in for the coast of New-England where they met a small Frenchman rich of Beuers and other Furres Though wee had here but small knowledge of the coast nor countrie yet they tooke such an abundance of Fish and Fowle and so well refreshed themselues there with wood and water as by the helpe of God thereby hauing beene at Sea sixteene weekes got to Virginia who without this reliefe had beene in great danger to perish The French-men made them such a feast with such an abundance of varietie of Fish Fowle and Fruits as they all admired and little expected that wild wildernesse could affoord such wonderfull abundance of plentie In this ship came about two hundred men but very little prouision and the ship called the Treasurer came in againe not long after with fortie passengers the Lord la Wares ship lying in Virginia three moneths wee victualled her with threescore bushels of Corne and eight Hogsheads of flesh besides other victuall she spent whilest they tarried there this ship brought vs aduice that great multitudes were a preparing in England to bee sent and relied much vpon that victuall they should finde here whereupon our Captaine called a Councell and writ to the Councell here in England the estate of the Colonie and what a great miserie would insue if they sent not prouision as well as people and what they did suffer for want of skilfull husbandmen and meanes to set their Ploughs on worke hauing as good ground as any man can desire and about fortie Bulls and Oxen but they wanted men to bring them to labour and Irons for the Ploughs and harnesse for the Cattell Some thirtie or fortie acres wee had sowne with one Plough but it stood so long on the ground before it was reaped it was most shaken and the rest spoiled with the Cattell and Rats in the Barne but no better Corne could bee for the quantitie Richard Killingbeck being with the Captaine at Kekoughtan desired leaue to returne to his wife at Charles hundred hee went to Iames towne by water there he got foure more to goe with him by land but it proued that he intended to goe trade with the Indies of Chickahamania where making shew of the great quantitie of trucke they had which the Saluages perceiuing partly for their trucke partly for reuenge of some friends they pretended should haue beene slaine by Captaine Yearley one of them with an English peece shot Killingbeck dead the other Saluages assaulted the rest and slew them stripped them and tooke what they had But fearing this murther would come to light and might cause them to suffer for it would now proceed to the perfection of villanie for presently they robbed their Machacomocko house of the towne stole all the Indian treasure thereout and fled into the woods as other Indians related On Sunday following one Farfax that dwelt a mile from the towne going to Church left his wife and three small children safe at home as he thought and a young youth she supposing praier to be done left the children and went to meet her husband presently after came three or foure of those fugitiue Saluages entred the house and slew a boy and three children and also another youth that stole out of the Church in praier time meeting them was likewise murdered Of this disaster the Captaine sent to Opechankanough for satisfaction but he excused the matter as altogether ignorant of it at the same time the Saluages that were robbed were complaining to Opechankanough and much feared the English would bee reuenged on them so that Opechankanough sent to Captaine Argall to assure him the peace should neuer be broken by him desiring that he would not reuenge the iniurie of those fugitiues vpon the innocent people of that towne which towne he should haue and sent him a basket of earth as possession giuen of it and promised so soone as possibly they could catch these robbers to send him their heads for satisfaction but he neuer performed it Samuel Argall Iohn Rolfe A relation from Master Iohn Rolfe Iune 15. 1618. COncerning the state of our new Common-wealth it is somewhat bettered for we haue sufficient to content our selues though not in such abundance as is vainly reported in England Powhatan died this last Aprill yet the Indians continue in peace Itopatin his second brother succeeds him and both hee and Opechankanough haue confirmed our former league On the eleuenth of May about ten of the clocke in the night happened a most fearefull tempest but it continued not past halfe an houre which powred downe hailestones eight or nine inches about that none durst goe out of their doores and though it tore the barke and leaues of the trees yet wee finde not they hurt either man or beast it fell onely about Iames towne for but a mile to the East and twentie to the West there was no haile at all Thus in peace euery man followed his building and planting without any accidents worthy of note Some priuate differences happened betwixt Captaine Bruster and Captaine Argall and Captaine Argall and the Companie here in England but of them I am not fully informed neither are they here for any vse and therefore vnfit to be remembred In December one Captaine Stallings an old planter in those parts being imployed by them of the West countrie for a fishing voyage in New-England fell foule of a Frenchman whom hee tooke leauing his owne ship to returne for England himselfe with a small companie remained in the French barke some small time after vpon the coast and thence returned to winter in Virginia The gouernment surrendred to Sir George Yearley FOr to begin with the yeere of our Lord 1619. there arriued a little Pinnace priuatly from England about Easter for Captaine Argall who taking order for his affaires within foure or fiue daies returned in her and left for his Deputy Captaine Nathaniel Powell On the eâ—ighteenth of Aprill which was but ten or twelue daies after arriued Sir George Yearley by whom we vnderstood Sir Edwin Sands was chosen Treasurer and Master Iohn Farrar his Deputy and what great supplies was a preparing to be sent vs
see nothing but miserable complaints therefore vnder your correction to rectifie all is with all expedition to passe the authority to them who will releeue them lest all bee consumed ere the differences be determined And except his Maiestie vndertake it or by Act of Parlament some small tax may be granted throughout his Dominions as a Penny vpon euery Poll called a head-penny two pence vpon euery Chimney or some such collection might be raised and that would be sufficient to giue a good stocke and many seruants to sufficient men of any facultie and transport them freely for paying onely homage to the Crowne of England and such duties to the publike good as their estates increased reason should require Were this put in practice how many people of what quality you please for all those disasters would yet gladly goe to spend their liues there and by this meanes more good might be done in one yeere then all those pety particular vndertakings will effect in twenty For the Patent the King may if he please rather take it from them that haue it then from vs who had it first pretending to his Maiesty what great matters they would doe and how little we did and for any thing I can conceiue had we remained still as at first it is not likely we could haue done much worse but those oft altering of gouernments are not without much charge hazard and losse If I be too plaine I humbly craue your pardon but you requested me therefore I doe but my duty For the Nobility who knowes not how freely both in their Purses and assistances many of them haue beene to aduance it committing the managing of the businesse to inferiour persons amongst whom questionlesse also many haue done their vtmost best sincerely and truly according to their conceit opinion and vnderstanding yet grosse errors haue beene committed but no man liues without his fault for my owne part I haue so much adoe to amend my owne I haue no leisure to looke into any mans particular but those in generall I conceiue to be true And so I humbly rest Yours to command I. S. THus those discords not being to be compounded among themselues nor yet by the extraordinary diligences care and paines of the noble and right worthy Commissioners Sir William Iones Sir Nicholas Fortescue Sir Francis Goston Sir Richard Sutton Sir Henry Bourgchier and Sir William Pit a Corante was granted against Master Deputy Farrar and 20. or 30. others of that party to plead their causes before the right Honourable the Lords of his Maiesties Priuy Councell now notwithstanding all the Relations Examinations and intercepting of all Letters whatsoeuer came from thence yet it seemes they were so farre vnsatisfied and desired to know the truth as well for the preseruation of the Colony as to giue content and doe all men right they sent two Commissioners strictly to examine the true estate of the Colony Vpon whose returne after mature deliberation it pleased his royall Maiesty to suppresse the course of the Court at Deputy Farrars and that for the present ordering the affaires of Virginia vntill he should make a more full settlement thereof the Lord Viscount Mandeuile Lord President of his Maiesties Priuie Councell and also other Priuy Councellors with many vnderstanding Knights and Gentlemen should euery Thursday in the afternoone meet at Sir Thomas Smiths in Philpot lane where all men whom it should concerne may repaire to receiue such directions and warrant for their better security as more at large you may see in the Proclamation to that effect vnder the great Seale of England dated the 15. of Iuly 1624. But as for the relations last returned what numbers they are how many Cities Corporations townes and houses cattle and horse they haue what fortifications or discoueries they haue made or reuenge vpon the Saluages who are their friends or foes or what commodities they haue more then Tobacco their present estate or what is presently to be put in execution in that the Commissioners are not yet fully satisfied in the one nor resolued in the other at this present time when this went to the Presse I must intreat you pardon me till I be better assured Thus far I haue trauelled in this Wildernesse of Virginia not being ignorant for all my paines this discourse will be wrested tossed and turned as many waies as there is leaues that I haue writ too much of some too little of others and many such like obiections To such I must answer in the Companies name I was requested to doe it if any haue concealed their approued experiences from my knowledge they must excuse me as for euery fatherles or stolne relation or whole volumes of sofisticated rehearsals I leaue them to the charge of them that desire them I thanke God I neuer vndertooke any thing yet any could tax me of carelesnesse or dishonesty and what is hee to whom I am indebted or troublesome Ah! were these my accusers but to change cases and places with me but 2. yeeres or till they had done but so much as I it may be they would iudge more charitably of my imperfections But here I must leaue all to the triall of time both my selfe Virginia's preparations proceedings and good euents praying to that great God the protector of all goodnesse to send them as good successe as the goodnesse of the action and Country deserueth and my heart desireth FINIS THE FIFTH BOOKE THE GENERALL HISTORIE OF THE BERMVDAS now called the Summer Iles from their beginning in the yeere of our Lord 1593. to this present 1624. with their proceedings accidents and present estate BEfore we present you the matters of fact it is fit to offer to your view the Stage whereon they were acted for as Geography without History seemeth a carkasse without motion so History without Geography wandreth as a Vagrant without a certaine habitation Those Ilands lie in the huge maine Ocean and two hundred leagues from any continent situated in 32. degrees and 25. minutes of Northerly latitude and distant from England West South-West about 3300. miles some twenty miles in length and not past two miles and a halfe in breadth enuironed with Rocks which to the North-ward West-ward and South-East extend further then they haue bin yet well discouered by reason of those Rocks the Country is naturally very strong for there is but two places scare two vnlesse to them who know them well where shipping may safely come in and those now are exceeding well fortified but within is roome to entertaine a royall Fleet the Rocks in most places appeare at a low water neither are they much couered at a high for it ebbs and flowes not past fiue foot the shore for most part is a Rocke so hardened with the sunne wind and sea that it is not apt to be worne away with the waues whose violence is also broke by the Rocks before they can come to the shore it is very
of the Bermudas where at last with his company he safely arriued but such was his diligence with his extraordinary care paines and industry to dispatch his businesse and the strength of his body not answering the euer memorable courage of his minde hauing liued so long in such honourable seruices the most part of his well beloued and vertuous life God and nature here determined should euer remaine a perpetuall memory of his much bewailed sorrow for his death finding his time but short after he had taken the best course he could to settle his estate like a valiant Captaine he exhorted them with all diligence to be constant to those Plantations and with all expedition to returne to Virginia In that very place which we now call Saint Georges towne this noble Knight died whereof the place taketh the name But his men as men amazed seeing the death of him who was euen as the life of them all embalmed his body and set saile for England being the first that euer went to seeke those Ilands which haue beene euer since called Summers Iles in honour of his worthy memory leauing three men behind them that voluntarily stayed whose names were Christopher Carter Edward Waters there formerly left as is said and Edward Chard This Cedar ship at last with his dead body arriued at Whit-Church in Dorsetshire where by his friends he was honourably buried with many vollies of shot and the rites of a Souldier and vpon his tombe was bestowed this Epitaph Hei mihi Virginia quod tam cito praeterit Aestas Autumnus sequitur saeuiet inde biems At ver perpetuum nascetur Anglialaeta Decerpit flores florida terra tuas In English thus Alas Virginia's Summer so soone past Autumne succeeds and stormy Winters blast Yet Englands ioyfull Spring with ioyfull showers O Florida shall bring thy sweetest flowers THe honour of this resulution belongs principally to Carter for through his importunity not to leaue such a place abandoned Chard Waters were moued to stay with him and the rest promised wâ—th all the speed they could againe to reuisit them But the ship once out of sight those three Lords the sole inhabitants of all those Ilands began to erect their little common wealth for a while with brotherly regency repairing the ground planting Corne and such seeds and fruits as they had building a house c. Then making priuy search amongst the creusses and corners of those craggy Rocks what this maine Ocean since the worlds creation had throwne amongst them at last they chanced vpon the greatest peece of Amber-greece was euer seene or heard of in one lumpe being in weight fourescore pound besides diuers other small peeces But now being rich they grew so proud and aÌ„bitious contempt tooke such place they fell out for superiority though but three forlorne men more then three thousand miles from their natiue Country and but small hope euer to see it againe Notwithstanding they sometimes fell from words to blowes about meere trifles in one of which fights one of them was bitten with his owne dog as if the dumbe beast would reproue them of their folly at last Chard and Waters the two greater spirits must try it out in the field but Carter wisely stole away their weapons affecting rather to liue amongst his enemies then by being rid of them liue alone and thus those miserable men liued full two yeeres so that all their clothes were neere worne cleane from their backs and their hopes of any forraine releefe as naked as their bodies At last they began to recouer their wits yet in a fashion perhaps would haue cost them dearer then when they were mad for concluding a tripartite peace of their Marachin warre they resolued to frame as good a Boat as they could and therein to make a desperate attempt for Virginia or New found Land but no sooner were they entred into that resolution but they descried a saile standing in for the shore though they neither knew what she was nor what she would they were so ouer-ioyed with all possible speed they went to meet her and according to their hearts desire she proued an English-man whom they safely conducted into their harbour Now you are to vnderstand that Captaine Matthew Somers Nephew and heire to Sir George that returned with his dead body though both he and his Company did their vtmost in relating all those passages to their Countrey-men and aduenturers their relations were beleeued but as trauellers tales till it came to be apprehended by some of the Virginia Company how beneficiall it might be and helpfull to the Plantation in Virginia so that some one hundred and twentie of them bought the pretended right of all the Company and had sent this ship to make a triall but first they had obtained Letters Patents of the Kings most excellent Maiestie Sir Thomas Smith was elected Treasurer and Gouernor heere and Master Richard More to be Gouernor of the Iles and Colony there The first beginning of a Colonie in the Somer Iles vnder the command of Master Richard More extracted out of a plot of Master Richard Norwood Surueior and the relations of diuer's others MAster More thus finding those three men not onely well and lusty but well stored with diuers sorts of prouisions as an Acre of Corne ready to be gathered numbers of Pumpions and Indian Beanes many Tortoises ready taken good store of hogs flesh salted and made in flitches of Bacon were very good and so presently landed his goods and sixty persons towards the beginning of Iuly 1612. vpon the South side of Smiths I le Not long after his arriuall More hauing some priuate intelligence of this Amber-greece tooke first Chard in examination he being one of the three the most masterfull spirit what Amber-greece Pearle Treasure or other Commodities they had found Chard no lesse witty then resolute directly answered Not any thing at all but the fruits of the I le what his fellowes had done he knew not but if they had he doubted not but to finde it out and then hee should know it certainly This he spake onely to win time to sweare his Consorts to secrecy and he would finde the meanes how they should all returne in that ship with it all for England otherwise they should be deceiued of all Till this was effected they thought euery houre an age now for the better conueiance of it aboord they acquainted it to Captaine Dauis master of the ship and one Master Edwin Kendall that for their secrecy and transportation should participate with them Without further ceremony the match was accepted and absolutely concluded the plot laid time and place set downe to haue it aboord But Carter were it for feare the Gouernor at last should know of it to whom so oft they had denied it or that the rest should deceiue him is vncertaine but most certaine it is he reuealed all the plot to Master More To get
the West Indies but when they vnderstood vvhat they vvere much preparation they made to resist the new Gouernour Many great ostentations appeared on both sides but vvhen the quondam Gouernour did see his men for most part forsake him all was very well and quietly compounded and with much kindnesse receiued and welcomed a shore where his Commission was no sooner read then they accepted and acknowledged him for their Gouernour The Gouernment of Captaine Daniel Tuckar ABout the mistd of May arriued this Gouernor where finding the Inhabitants both abhorring all exacted labour as also in a manner disdaining and grudging much to be commanded by him it could not but passionate any man liuing But at last according to the Virginia order hee set euery one was with him at Saint Georges to his taske to cleere grounds fell trees set corne square timber plant vines and other fruits brought out of England These by their taske Masters by breake a day repaired to the wharfe from thence to be imployed to the place of their imployment till nine of the clocke and then in the after-noone from three till Sunne-set Beside meat drinke and cloaths they had for a time a certaine kinde of brasse money with a hogge on the one side in memory of the abundance of hogges was found at their first landing This course thus squared imitating diuers orders vsed in Virginia by Sir Tho. Dale he began by them to looke into his instructions giuen by the Company Whereupon by one Mr. Richard Norwood a Suruayor sent ouer for that purpose in the time of Master Moore hee began to lay out the eight tribes in the maine which were to consist of fifty shares to a tribe and twenty fiue acers to euery share He also began to plant some Colony men on some of the especiall shares He swore also certaine of the chiefe men of euery tribe to bee Bailiffes thereof and appointed as many men as hee was able for all supplied shares The goods landed in the store houses hee sent from thence and dispersed it to his workemen in generall some Boats also began to be builded but the pinace called the Thomas suspected might make an escape was laid vp in a docke were shee yet remaineth In the beginning of the second moneth of his gouernment he directed warrants to all the Bailiffes for the holding of a generall Assise at Saint Georges and appointed Master Stokes Lieutenant of the Kings Castle at the Gurnets head The Edwin came with him he sent to the West Indies by directions from England to trade with the natiues for cattell corne plants and other commodities A course of great importance which had it been pursued would certainly haue produced more hopefull effects for the good of the Colony then all the supplies and Magazines from England hath or will in a long time Presently after her departure began the Assises executed by his Deputy The chiefe matter handled was the hanging one Iohn Wood a French man for speaking many distastefull and mutinous speeches against the Gouernour to shew the rest by that example the power of his authority which after with his owne hands he so oft executed with a bastinado amongst the poorer sort many tearmed it a cruelty not much lesse then tyranny but the sequell is more then strange So it was that fiue of them seeing by no meanes they could get passage for England resolued to vndergoe all hazards but they would make an escape from such seruitude The chiefe mariner and plotter of this businesse was Richard Sanders and his confederates William Goodwin a ship Carpenter Thomas Harison a Ioyner Iames Barker a Gentleman and Henry Puet These repairing to the Gouernour and with pleasing insinuations told him if hee would allow them but things necessary they would build him a boat of two or three tunnes with a close decke should goe a fishing all weathers The Gouernour halfe proud that hee had brought his men to so good a passe as he conceiued to offer themselues to so necessary a worke instantly with all willingnesse furnished them with all things they could desire and many faire promises to incourage them to performe it with all expedition Hauing made choise of a place most fit from molestation they went forward with that expedition that in a short time shee was brought to perfection By this time the ship that brought the Gouernour being ready to depart hee sends a lusty gange to goe fetch his new boat to carry him aboard but arriuing at the place where she was built they could heare no more of her but she was gone the last euening to Sea to try how shee would saile Much search and dispute was where this boat should be but at last they found diuers letters in the cabbins to this effect directed to the Gouernour and other their friends that their hard and bad vsage was so intolerable and their hope so small euer againe to see their Countrey or be deliuered from such seruitude they did rather chuse to put themselues to that desperate hazard to goe for England in which if they miscaried as it was much to be mistrusted their liues and bloods should be required at their hands was the cause A compasse Diall Barker had borrowed of Master Hues to whom he writ that as hee had oft perswaded them to patience and that God would pay them though none did hee must now bee contented with the losse of his Diall with his owne doctrine Such leasure they found to bee merry when in the eye of reason they were marching into a most certaine ruine The Gouernour being thus satisfied of their escape extreamly threatned them no lesse then a hanging but the stormes of the Ocean they now more feared then him good prouision by bartering they had got from the ship where Goodwin in a brauado told the Mariners though he could not be permitted to goe with them yet peraduenture hee might be in England before them whereat the Master and his Mate laughed merrily But hauing beene now vnder saile three weekes the winds so fauoured them they felt nothing of what they had cause to feare then a blustering gale blowing in their teeth put them to much extremity for diuers dayes then becomming more gentle away they past prosperously some eight or ten dayes more till meeting a French Piccaroune of whom they desired succour hee like himselfe tooke from them what hee liked leauing them not so much as a crosse-staffe to obserue withall and so cast them off their course still they continued till their victuall began to fall to the lowest ebbe and the very knees of their small vessell were halfe hewed away for fire wood At last to their infinit ioy they arriued in Ireland where the Earle of Tomund honorably entertained them and caused the boat to be hung vp for a Monument and well she might for shee had sailed more then 3300. miles by a right line thorow the maine Sea without any
such places where they vse to garbish their fish and became tame Some haue attributed the destruction of them the to encrease of wild cats but that is not likely they should be so suddenly encreased rather at that time then foure yeeres before and the chiefe occasion of this supposition was because they saw some companies of them leaue the woods and slew themselues for want of food Others by the coldnesse of winter which notwithstanding is neuer so great there as with vs in March except it be in the wind besides the rats wanted not the fethers of young birds and chickins which they daily killed and Palmeta mosse to build themselues warme nests out of the wind as vsually they did neither doth it appeare that the cold was so mortall to them seeing they would ordinarily swimme from place to place and bee very fat euen in the midst of winter It remaineth then that as God doth sometimes effect his will without subordinate and secondary causes so wee need not doubt but that in the speedy encrease of this vermine as also by the preseruation of so many of them by such weake meanes as they then enioyed and especially in the so sudden remouall of this great annoyance there was ioyned with and besides the ordinary and manifest meanes a more mediate and secret worke of God About this time Henry Long with seuen others in an extreame storme were cast away but three of them escaped One of them being asked what hee thought in the worst of that extremity answered he thought nothing but gallowes claime thy right and it seemes God well heard his prayer and rewarded his ingratitude for he was hanged within halfe a yeere after In that March also fiue men went to Sea but as yet was neuer heard of and three more drowned in a boat By Hilliards house grew a very faire Cedar which by a thunder clap was rent almost to small shiuers and a man stood by him and Samuel Tanton most fearfully blasted yet neither they the house not a little childe yet a paire of racks in the house was all torne to fitters The Neptune not long after arriuing to fish for whale her fortune proued no better then the Gouernours yet some are of opinion profit might be made by them In May they discried foure saile so that manning all their Forts they stood two daies in Armes expecting what they were at last they found it Master Powell returned from the West-Indies in the Hopewell where missing such trade as he expected these three Frigots comming in his way he could not chuse but take them Meale Hides and Munition was their lading Faire weather the Gouernor made with Powell till he had got all the goods into his owne possession and then called Powell to a strict account for doing such an vnwarrantable act much a doe then was betwixt the taker and receiuer but Powell was glad to be excused to answer it in England leauing all hee had taken behinde him in the Iles The Neptune also returned with him but noble Powell lost all his pay and pillage for this yeeres worke For which the Company sent for to Tuckar so that he also lost his part as well as Powell Notwithstanding the Gouernour by this meanes being strong in shipping fitted the Caruill with twelue men vnder the command of Edward Waters formerly spoken of and sent them to Virginia about such businesse as hee had conceiued Arriuing there they obtained some goates and and hogs what they could spare and so returned for the Summer Iles but whether they could not finde the Iles for want of skill or beaten off by ill weather or the ill will they bare the Gouernor it matters not much But they bare vp again for Virginia where they all remained and would returne no more to Summer Iles. The Gouernour thinking to make some vse of the hides set some that professed themselues Tanners to make tryall of their skill but they lost their labours and spoiled the hides Also he called another Assise cōcerning a poore fellow called Gabriel for concealing some speeches M. Pollard and M. Rich should vse tending to the dis-reputation of the Gouernour and his iniustice and cruelties which being brought within the compasse of sedition and mutiny though a yeere agoe many were called in question about it although euery one ordinarily had spoke as much Yet Gabriel for example sake was condemned to bee hanged and was vpon the ladder but reprieued The other two M. Pollard and M. Rich were imprisoned but vpon better consideration the fact appeared so small and ridiculous vpon their submission they were pardoned and restored to their places The diuision of the Summer Iles into Tribes by Master Richard Norwood Surueyor ACcording to the directions of the Councell and Company as they had determined by lot M. Norwood tooke a plot of the I le and diuided it with as much faithfulnes as he could assigning to euery Aduenturer his share or proportion as namely to lay out a large proportion to bee called the generall land and imployed for publike vses as for the maintenance of the Gouernour Ministers Commanders of Forts souldiers and such like and to this end was assigned S. Georges Iland S. Dauids Iland Longbridge Iland Smiths Iland Coopers Iland Cony Iland Nonesuch Iland part of the maine and sundry other small Iles. The rest was to be diuided into eight parts each part to be called a tribe and to haue his denomination of some principall person that was Aduenturer therein and accordingly the first Tribe to bee Eastward was then called Bedfords Tribe now Hamiltons the second Smiths Tribe the third Cavendish now Deuonshires the fourth Pembrooks the fift Pagits the sixt Mansils now Warwicks the seuenth Southhampton the eighth Sands in the honours of the Right honorable the Marquis Hamilton Sir Thomas Smith the Earle of Deuonshire the Earle of Pembrooke the Lord Pagit the Earle of Warwicke the Earle of Southhampton and Sir Edwin Sands Againe each of those Tribes were to bee diuided into fifty parts called shares and euery Aduenturer to haue his shares in these tribes as was determined by casting lots in England the manner of it appeares by the Map and more largely by his Booke of the Suruay of the Countrey which is in the Records of the Colony And then began this which was before as you haue heard but as an vnsetled and confused Chaos to receiue a disposition forme and order and become indeed a Plantation The names of the Aduenturers and their shares in euery Tribe according to the suruey and the best information yet ascertained of any of their alterations Hamiltons Tribe Iames L. Marquis Hamil 6 Share Sir Edward Harwood 4 Share M. Iohn Delbridge 3 Share M. Iohn Dike 3 Share M. Ellis Roberts 2 Share M. Robert Phips 1 Share M. Ralph King 1 Share M. Quicks assignes 2 Share M. William Cannig 4 Share M. William Cannig 1 Share M. William Web. 1 Share
kill any They being a kinde of Iubartes and not the Whale that yeelds Fins and Oile as we expected for our gold it was rather the Masters deuice to get a voyage that proiected it then any knowledge he had at all of any such matter Fish and Furs were now our guard by our late arriuall and long lingring about the Whale the prime of both those seasons were past ere wee perceiued it wee thinking that their seasons serued at all times but we found it otherwise for by the middest of Iune the fishing failed yet in Iuly and August some were taken but not sufficient to defray so great a charge as our stay required of dry fish we made about forty thousand of Cor-fish about seuen thousand Whilest the Sailers fished my selfe with eight others of them might best bee spared ranging the Coast in a small Boat we got for trifles neere eleuen thousand Beuer skinnes one hundred Martins as many Otters and the most of them within the distance of twenty leagues we ranged the Coast both East and West much further but Eastward our commodities were not esteemed they were so neere the French who afforded them better with whom the Saluages had such commerce that only by trade they made exceeding great voyages though they were without the limits of our precincts during the time we tried those conclusions not knowing the coast nor Saluages habitations with these Furres the traine Oile and Cor-fish I returned for England in the Barke where within six moneths after our departure from the Downes wee safely arriued backe the best of this fish was sold for 5. li. the hundred the rest by ill vsage betwixt three pounds and 50. shillings The other ship stayed to fit her selfe for Spaine with the dry fish which was sold at Maligo at forty Rialls the Quintall each hundred weighing two quintals and a halfe But one Thomas Hunt the Master of this ship when I was gone thinking to preuent that intent I had to make there a Plantation thereby to keepe this abounding Countrey still in obscuritie that onely he and some few Merchants more might enioy wholly the benefit of the Trade and profit of this Countrey betraied foure and twenty of those poore Saluages aboord his ship and most dishonestly and inhumanely for their kinde vsage of me and all our men caried them with him to Maligo and there for a little priuate gaine sold those silly Saluages for Rials of eight but this vilde act kept him euer after from any more imploiment to those parts Now because at this time I had taken a draught of the Coast and called it New England yet so long he and his Consorts drowned that name with the Eccho of Cannaday and some other ships from other parts also that vpon this good returne the next yeere went thither that at last I presented this Discourse with the Map to our most gracious Prince Charles humbly intreating his Highnesse hee would please to change their baâ—barous names for such English as posteritie might say Prince Charles was their God-father which for your better vnderstanding both of this Discourse and the Mâ—p peruse this Schedule which will plainly shew you the correspondency of the old names to the new as his Highnesse named them The old names The new names Cape Cod. Cape Iames. The Harbor at Cape Cod. Milforth hauen Chawum Barwick Accomack Plimoth Sagoquas Oxford Massachusets Mount Cheuit hills Massachusits Riuer Charles Riuer Totan Famouth A great Bay by Cape Anne Bristow Cape Tragubigsanda Cape Anne Naembeck Bastable Aggawom Southampton Smiths Iles. Smiths Iles. Passataquack Hull Accominticus Boston Sassanows Mount Snowdon hill Sowocatuck Ipswich Bahanna Dartmouth A good Harbor within that Bay Sandwich Ancociscos Mount Shuters hill Ancocisco The Base Anmonghcawgen Cambridge Kenebecka Edenborow Sagadabock Leth. Pemmayquid S. Iohns towne Segocket Norwich Mecadacut Dunbarton Pennobscot Aberden Nusket Low mounds Those being omitted I named my selfe Monahigan Barties Iles. Matinack Willowbies Iles. Metinacus Haughtons Iles. The rest of the names in the Map are places that had no names we did know But to continue the History succeedingly as neere with the day and yeere as may bee Returning in the Barke as is said it was my ill chance to put in at Plimoth where imparting those my purposes to diuers I thought my friends whom as I supposed were interested in the dead Patent of this vnregarded Countrey I was so encouraged and assured to haue the managing their authoritie in those parts during my life and such large promises that I ingaged my selfe to vndertake it for them Arriuing at London though some malicious persons suggested there was no such matter to be had in that so bad abandoned Countrey for if there had other could haue found it so well as I therefore it was to be suspected I had robbed the French men in New France or Cannada and the Merchants see me forth seemed not to regard it yet I found so many promised me such assistance that I entertained Michael Cooper the Master of the Barke that returned with me and others of the Company how he dealt with others or others with him I know not but my publike proceeding gaue such encouragement that it became so well apprehended by some few of the Virginia Company as those proiects for fishing onely was so well liked they furnished Couper with foure good ships to Sea before they at Plimoth had made any prouision at all for me but onely a small Barke set out by them of the I le of Wight Some of Plimoth and diuers Gentlemen of the West Countrey a little before I returned from New England in search for a Mine of Gold about an I le called Capawuck South-wards from the Shoules of Cape Iames as they were informed by a Saluage called Epenew that hauing deluded theÌ„ as it seems thus to get home seeing they kept him as a prisoner in his owne Countrey and before his friends being a man of so great a stature he was shewed vp and downe London for money as a wonder and it seemes of no lesse courage and authoritie then of wit strength and proportion for so well he had contriued his businesse as many reported he intended to haue surprised the ship but seeing it could not be effected to his liking before them all he leaped ouer-boord Many shot they made at him thinking they had slaine him but so resolute they were to recouer his body the master of the ship was wounded and many of his company And thus they lost him not knowing more what to do returned againe to England with nothing which so had discouraged all your West Countrey men they neither regarded much their promises and as little either me or the Countrey till they saw the London ships gone and me in Plimoth according to my promise as hereafter shall be related I must confesse I was beholden to the setters forth of the foure ships that went with Couper in
that they offered me that imploiment if I would accept it and I finde still my refusall incurred some of their displeasures whose loue and fauour I exceedingly desired and though they doe censure me opposite to their proceedings they shall yet still in all my words and deeds finde it is their error not my fault that occasions their dislike for hauing ingaged my selfe in this businesse to the West Countrey I had beene very dishonest to haue broke my promise nor will I spend more time in discouery or fishing till I may goe with a Company for a Plantation for I know my grounds yet euery one to whom I tell them or that reads this Booke cannot put it in practise though it may helpe any that hath seene or not seene to know much of those parts And though they endeuour to worke me out of my owne designes I will not much enuy their fortunes but I would be sorry their intruding ignorance should by their defailments bring those certainties to doubtfulnesse So that the businesse prosper I haue my desire be it by whomsoeuer that are true subiects to our King and Countrey the good of my Countrey is that I seeke and there is more then enough for all if they could be contented New England is that part of America in the Ocean Sea opposite to Noua Albion in the South Sea discouered by the most memorable Sir Francis Drake in his Voyage about the world in regard whereof this is stiled New England being in the same latitude New France of it is Northwards Southwards is Virginia and all the adioyning continent with new Granado new Spaine new Andolosia and the West-Indies Now because I haue beene so oft asked such strange questions of the goodnesse and greatnesse of those spatious Tracts of Land how they can be thus long vnknowne or not possessed by the Spaniards and many such like demands I intreat your pardons if I chance to be too plaine or tedious in relating my knowledge for plaine mens satisfaction Florida is the next adioyning to the Indies which vnprosperously was attempted to be planted by the French a Countrey farre bigger then England Scotland France and Ireland yet little knowne to any Christian but by the wonderfull endeuours of Ferdinando de Soto a valiant Spaniard whose writings in this age is the best guide knowne to search those parts Virginia is no Ile as many doe imagine but part of the Continent adioyning to Florida whose bounds may be stretched to the magnitude thereof without offence to any Christian Inhabitant for from the degrees of thirtie to forty eight his Maiesty hath now enlarged his Letters Patents The Coast extending Southwest and North-east about sixteene or seuenteene hundred miles but to follow it aboord the shore may well be three thousand miles at the least of which twentie miles is the most giues entrance into the Bay of Chisapeacke where is the London Plantation within which is a Countrey as you may perceiue by the Map of that little I discouered may well suffice three hundred thousand people to inhabit but of it and the discoueries of Sir Ralph Laine and Master Heriot Captaine Gosnold and Captaine Waymouth they haue writ so largely that posteritie may be bettered by the fruits of their labours But for diuers others that haue ranged those parts since especially this Countrey now called New England within a kenning sometimes of the shore some touching in one place some in another I must intreat them pardon me for omitting them or if I offend in saying that their true descriptions were concealed or neuer were well obserued or died with the Authors so that the Coast is yet still but euen as a Coast vnknowne and vndiscouered I haue had six or seuen seuerall plots of those Northerne parts so vnlike each to other or resemblance of the Country as they did me no more good then so much waste paper though they cost me more it may bee it was not my chance to see the best but lest others may be deceiued as I was or through dangerous ignorance hazard themselues as I did I haue drawne a Map from point to point I le to I le and Harbour to Harbour with the Soundings Sands Rocks and Land-markes as I passed close aboord the shore in a little Boat although there bee many things to bee obserued which the haste of other affaires did cause me to omit for being sent more to get present Commodities then knowledge of any discoueries for any future good I had not power to search as I would yet it will serue to direct any shall goe that waies to safe Harbours and the Saluages habitations what Merchandize and Commodities for their labours they may finde this following discourse shall plainly demonstrate Thus you may see of these three thousand miles more then halfe is yet vnknowne to any purpose no not so much as the borders of the Sea are yet certainly discouered as for the goodnesse and true substance of the Land we are for most part yet altogether ignorant of them vnlesse it be those parts about the Bay of Chisapeack and Sagadahock but onely here and there where we haue touched or seene a little the edges of those large Dominions which doe stretch themselues into the maine God doth know how many thousand miles whereof we can yet no more iudge then a stranger that saileth betwixt England and France can describe the harbours and dangers by landing here or there in some Riuer or Bay tell thereby the goodnesse and substance of Spaine Italy Germany Bohemia Hungaria and the rest nay there are many haue liued fortie yeeres in London and yet haue scarce beene ten miles out of the Citie so are there many haue beene in Virginia many yeeres and in New England many times that doe know little more then the place they doe inhabit or the Port where they fished and when they come home they will vndertake they know all Virginia and New England as if they were but two Parishes or little Ilands By this you may perceiue how much they erre that thinke euery one that hath beene in Virginia or New England vnderstandeth or knoweth what either of them are Or that the Spaniards know one halfe quarter of those large Territories they possesse no not so much as the true circumference of Terra incognita whose large Dominions may equalize the goodnesse and greatnesse of America for any thing yet knowne It is strange with what small power he doth range in the East-Indies and few will vnderstand the truth of his strength in America where hauing so much to keepe with such a pampered force they need not greatly feare his fury in Sommer Iles Virginia or New England beyond whose bounds America doth stretch many thousand miles Into the frozen parts whereof one Master Hutson an English Mariner did make the greatest discouerie of any Christian I know where hee vnfortunately was left by his cowardly Company for his exceeding deserts
would long ere this haue troubled their neighbours or haue eaten the pride of Spaine it selfe Now hee knowes little that knowes not England may well spare many more people then Spaine and is as well able to furnish them with all manner of necessaries and seeing for all they haue they cease not still to search for that they haue not and know not it is strange we should be so dull as not maintaine that which we haue and pursue that we know Surely I am sure many would take it ill to be abridged of the titles and honors of their predecessorâ— when if but truly they would iudge themselues looke how inferior they are to their Noble Vertues so much they are vnworthy of their honors and liuings which neuer were ordained for shewes and shadowes to maintaine idlenesse and vice but to make them more able to abound in honor by Heroicall deeds of action iudgement pietie and vertue What was it both in their purse and person they would not doe for the good of their Common-wealth which might moue them presently to set out their spare children in these generous designes Religion aboue all things should moue vs especially the Clergie if we are religious to shew our faith by our works in conuerting those poore Saluages to the knowledge of God seeing what paines the Spaniards takes to bring them to their adultered faith Honor might moue the Gentry the valiant and industrious and the hope and assurance of wealth all if we were that we would seeme and be accounted or be we so farre inferior to other Nations or our spirits so farre deiected from our ancient predecessors or our mindes so vpon spoile piracy and such villany as to serue the Portugall Spaniard Dutch French or Turke as to the cost of Europe too many doe rather then our God our King our Country and our selues excusing our idlenesse and our base complaints by want of imploiment when here is such choice of all sorts and for all degrees in the planting and discouering these North parts of America My second voyage to New England IN the yeere of our Lord 1615. I was imploied by many my friends of London and Sir Ferdinando Gorges a noble Knight and a great fauourer of those actions who perswaded the reuerend Deane of Exeter Doctor Sutliffe and diuers Merchants of the West to entertaine this Plantation Much labour I had taken to bring the Londoners and them to ioyne together because the Londoners haue most Money and the Westerne men are most proper for fishing and it is neere as much trouble but much more danger to faile from London to Plimoth then from Plimoth to New England so that halfe the voiage would thus be saued yet by no meanes I could preuaile so desirous they were both to be Lords of this fishing Now to make my words more apparant by my deeds to begin a Plantation for a more ample triall of those conclusions I was to haue staied there but with sixteene men whose names were Tho. Dirmer Gent. Iohn Gosling Sould. Thomas Digby Walter Chisell were to learne to be Sailers Edw. Stallings William Ingram Daniel Baker Robert Miller Daniel Cage Dauid Cooper Adam Smith And two Boyes Francis Abbot Iohn Partridge Tho. Watson I confesse I could haue wished them as many thousands had all other prouisions beene in like proportion nor would I haue had so few could I haue had means for more yet would God haue pleased we had safely arriued I doubted not but to haue performed more then I promised and that many thousands ere this would haue bin there ere now The maine assistance next God I had to this small number was my acquaintance amongst the Saluages especially with Dohoday one of their greatest Lords who had liued long in England and another called Tantum I caried with mee from England and set on shore at Cape Cod by the meanes of this proud Saluage I did not doubt but quickly to haue got that credit amongst the rest of the Saluages and their alliance to haue had as many of them as I desired in any designe I intended and that trade also they had by such a kinde of exchange of their Countrey Commodities which both with ease and securitie might then haue beene vsed with him and diuers others I had concluded to inhabit and defend them against the Tarentines with a better power then the French did them whose tyrannie did inforce them to embrace my offer with no small deuotion and though many may think me more bold then wise in regard of their power dexteritie treachery and inconstancy hauing so desperately assaulted and betraied many others I say but this because with so many I haue many times done much more in Virginia then I intended here when I wanted that experience Virginia taught mee that to me it seemes no more danger then ordinary and though I know my selfe the meanest of many thousands whose apprehensiue inspection can pierce beyond the bounds of my abilities into the hidden things of Nature Art and Reason yet I intreat such giue mee leaue to excuse my selfe of so much imbecillitie as to say that in these eighteene yeeres which I haue beene conuersant with these affaires I haue not learned there is a great difference betwixt the directions and iudgement of experimentall knowledge and the superficiall coniecture of variable relation wherein rumour humour or misprision haue such power that oft times one is enough to beguile twentie but twentie not sufficient to keepe one from being deceiued Therefore I know no reason but to beleeue my owne eies before any mans imagination that is but wrested from the conceits of my owne proiects and endeuours but I honor with all affection the counsell and instructions of iudiciall directions or any other honest aduertisement so farre to obserue as they tie me not to the crueltie of vnknowne euents These are the inducements that thus drew me to me to neglect all other imploiments and spend my time and best abilities in these aduentures wherein though I haue had many discouragements by the ingratitude of some the malicious slanders of others the falsenesse of friends the treachery of cowards and slownesse of Aduenturers Now you are to remember as I returned first from New England at Plimoth I was promised foure good ships ready prepared to my hand the next Christmas and what conditions and content I would desire to put this businesse in practise and arriuing at London foure more were offered me with the like courtesie But to ioyne the Londoners them in one was most impossible so that Ianuary with two hundred pound in Chash for aduenture and six Gentlemen well furnished I went from London to the foure ships were promised me at Plimoth but I found no such matter and the most of those that had made such great promises by the bad returne of the ship went for Gold and their priuate emulations were extinct and qualified Notwithstanding at last with
mortall disease for where I had seene one hundred or two hundred Saluages there is scarce ten to be found and yet not any one of them touched with any sicknesse but one poore French man that died They say this plague vpon them thus sore fell It was because they pleas'd not Tantum well From the West Country to make triall this yeere onely to fish is gone six or seuen saile three of which I am certainly informed made so good a voyage that euery Sailer that had a single share had twenty pound for his seuen moneths work which is more then in twenty moneths he should haue gotten had he gone for wages any where Now although these former ships haue not made such good voiages as they expected by sending opinionated vnskilfull men that had not experienced diligence to saue that they tooke nor take that there was which now patience and practice hath brought to a reasonable kinde of perfection in despight of all detractors and calumniations the Country yet hath satisfied all the defect hath beene in their vsing or abusing it not in it selfe nor me But Adue desert for fortune makes prouision For Knaues and Fooles and men of base condition Now all these proofes and this relation I now called New-Englands triall I caused two or three thousand of them to be printed one thousand with a great many Maps both of Virginia and new-New-England I presented to thirty of the chiefe Companies in London at their Halls desiring either generally or particularly them that would to imbrace it and by the vse of a stocke of fiue thousand pound to ease them of the superfluity of the most of their companies that had but strength and health to labour neere a yeere I spent to vnderstand their resolutions which was to me a greater toile and torment then to haue beene in New-England about my businesse but with bread and water and what I could get there by my labour but inconclusion seeing nothing would be effected I was contented as well with this losse of time and charge as all the rest A Plantation in New-England VPon these inducements some few well disposed Gentlemen and Merchants of London and other places prouided two ships the one or a hundred and threescore tunnes the other of threescore and ten they left the Coast of England the two and thirtieth of August with about a hunred and twenty persons but the next day the lesser ship sprung a leake that forced their returne to Plimoth where discharging her and twenty passengers with the greater ship and one hundred passengers besides Sailers they set saile againe the sixt of September and the ninth of Nouember fell with Cape Iames but being pestred nine weekes in this leaking vnwholsome ship lying wet in their Cabins most of them grew very weake and weary of the Sea then for want of experience ranging two and againe six weekes before they found a place they liked to dwell on forced to lie on the bare ground without couerture forty of them died and threescore were left in very weake estate at the ships comming away about the fifth of Aprill following and arriued in England the sixth of May. Though the Harbour be good the shore is so shallow they were forced to wade a great way vp to the knees in water vsed that that did them much hurt little fish they found but Whailes and a great kinde of Muftell so fat that few did eat of them that were not sicke these miseries occasioned some discord and gaue some appearance of faction but all was so reconciled that they vnited themselues by common consent vnder their hands to a kinde of combination of a body politike by vertue whereof to inact and constitute lawes and ordinances and Officers from time to time as should bee thought most conuenient for their generall good Sixteene or seuenteene daies they could doe little for want of their Shallop which was amending yet Captaine Miles Standish vnto whom was ioyned in Councell William Bradfor Stephen Hopkins and Edward Tilly went well armed a shore and by that time they had gone a mile met fiue or six Indians that fled into the Woods we traced them by the footing eight or ten miles then the night approaching we made a fire by which we lay that night and the next morning followed the Saluages by their tract thinking to finde their habitations but by the way we found a Deere amongst many faire springs of water where we refreshed our selues then we went a shore and made a fire that they at the ship might perceiue where we were and so marched to a place where we supposed was a Riuer by the way we saw many Vines Saxefras haunts of Deere Fowle and some fiâ—ty Acres of plaine ground had beene planted by the Indians where were some of their graues from thence we followed a path that brought vs through three or foure fields had beene planted that yeere in one graue we digged wee found a basket or two of Indian Corne so much as we could carry we tooke with vs the rest we buried as we found it and so proceeded to the place we intended but we found it not such a Harbour as we expected and so we returned till the night caused vs take vp our lodging vnder a tree where it rained six or seuen houres the next morning as we wandred we passed by a tree where a young sprig was bowed downe ouer a bough and some Acornes strewed vnder it which was one of their Gins to a catch a Deere and as we were looking at it Bradford was suddenly caught by the leg in a noosed Rope made as artificially as ours as we passed we see a lease of Bucks sprung some Partriges and great flocks of wilde Geese and Ducks and so we returned well wearied to our ship Master Iones our Master with foure and thirty men also went vp and downe in the frost and snow two or three daies in the extremity of the cold but could finde no harbour only among the old graues we got some ten bushels of Corne some Beanes and a bottle of Oile and had we not thus haply found it we had had no Corne for seede so that place we euer called Corne-hill the next day Master Iones with the Corne and our weakest men returned to the Ship but eighteene of vs quartered there that night and in the morning following the paths wee found in the Snow in a field a greater hill or graue then the rest diging it wee found first a Mat vnder that a boord three quarters long painted and carued with three Tyns at the top like a Croner betweene the Mats also were Bowles Traies and Dishes and such trash at length we found a faire new Mat and vnder that two bundles the one biggar the other lesse in the greater wee found a great quantity of fine red powder like a kinde of imbalmement and yeelded a strong but no offensiue smell with the bones and
New-England at New-Plimoth now so called the 11. of Nouember where they found all the people they left so ill lusty and well for all their pouerties except six that died a moneth they stayed ere they returned to England loaded with Clap-boord Wainscot and Wallnut with about three hogs-heads of Beuer skinnes the 13. of December and drawing neere our coast was set on by a French man set out by the Marquesse of Cera Gouernour of Ile Deu where they kept the ship imprisoned the Master and company tooke from them to the value of 500 pound and after 14. daies sent them home with a poore supply of victuall their owne being deuoured by the Marquesse and his hungry seruants Now you are to vnderstand this 37. brought nothing but relied wholly on vs to make vs more miserable then before which the Sachem Couanacus no sooner vnderstood but sent to Tusquantum our Interpreter a bundle of new arrowes in a Snakes skinne Tusquantum being absent the Messenger departed but when we vnderstood it was a direct challenge we returned the skin full of powder and shot with an absolute defiance which caused vs finish our fortification with all expedition Now betwixt our two Saluages Tusquantum and Hobbamock greâ—â— such great emulation we had much adoe to know which best to trust In a iourney we vndertooke in our way we met a Saluage of Tusquantums that had cut his face fresh bleeding to assure vs Massasoyt our supposed friend had drawne his forces to Packanokick to assault vs. Hobomak as confidently assured vs it was false and sent his wife as an espy to see but when she perceiued all was well shee told the King Massasoyt how Tusquantum had abused him diuers Saluages also hee had caused to beleeue we would destroy them but he would doe his best to appease vs this he did onely to make his Country-men beleeue what great power hee had with vs to get bribes on both sides to make peace or warre when he would and the more to possesse them with feare he perswaded many we had buried the plague in our store house which wee could send when we listed whither wee would but at last all his knauery being discouered Massasowat sent his knife with Messengers for his head or him being his subiect with much adoe we appeased the angry King and the rest of the Saluages and freely forgaue Tusquantum because he speaking our language we could not well be without him A iourney to the Towne of Namaschet in defence of the King of Massasoyt against the Narrohigganses and the supposed death of Squantum A Great difference there was betwixt the Narrohigganses and the Massasoytes that had alwaies a iealousie Coubatant one of their petty Sachems was too conuersant with the Narrohigganses this Coubatant liued much at Namasâ—het and much stormed at our peace with his King and others also at Squantum and Tokamahamon and Hobomak our friends and chiefe occasioners of our peace for which he sought to muther Hobomak yet Tokamahamon went to him vpon a rumour he had taken Masasoyt prisoner or forced him from his Country but the other two would not but in priuat to see if they could heare what was become of their King lodging at Namaschet they were discouered to Coubatant who surprized the house and tooke Squantum saying if hee were dead the English had lost their tongue Hobomak seeing that and Coubatant held a knife at his brest being a strong lusty fellow brake from them and came to New-Plimoth full of sorrow for Squantum whom he thought was slaine The next day we sent ten men with him armed to be reuenged of Coubatant who conducted vs neere Namaschet where we rested and refreshed our selues til midnight and then we beset the house as we had resolued those that entred the house demanded for Coubatant but the Saluages were halfe dead with feare we charged them not to stirre for we came to hurt none but Coubatant for killing Squantum some of them seeking to escape was wounded but at last perceiuing our ends they told vs Coubatant was gone and all his men and Squantum was yet liuing in the towne in this hurly burly we discharged two peeces at randome which much terrified all the inhabitants except Squantum and Tokamahamon who though they knew not the end of our coÌ„ming yet assured themselues of our honesties that we would not hurt them the women and children hung about Hobomak calling him friend and when they saw we would hurt no women the young youths cryed we are women to be short we kept them all and whilest we were searching the house for Coubatant Hobomak had got to the top and called Squantum Tokamahamon which came vnto vs accompanied with others some armed others naked those that had bowes we tooke them from them promising them againe when it was day the house wee tooke for our quarter that night and discharged the prisoners and the next morning went to breakfast to Squantums house thither came all them that loued vs to welcome vs but all Coubatants faction was fled then we made them plainly know the cause of our comming if their King Massasoyt were not well we would be reuenged vpon the Narrohiggansets or any that should doe iniury to Hobomak Squantum or â—ny of their friends as for those were wounded we were sorry for it and offered out Surgion should heale them of this offer a man and a woman accepted that went home with vs accompanied with Squantum and many other knowne friends that offered vs all the kindnesse they could From the West of England there is gone ten or twelue ships to fish which were all well fraughted those that came first at Bilbow made seuenteene pound a single share besides Beuers Otters and Martins skinnes but some of the rest that came to the same ports that were all ready furnished so glutted the market that the price was abated yet all returned so well contented that they are a preparing to goe againe There is gone from the West Countrey onely to fish fiue and thirtie ships and about the last of Aprill two more from London the one of one hundred tunnes the other of thirtie with some sixtie Passengers to supply the Plantation Now though the Turke and French hath beene somewhat too busie in taking our ships would all the Christian Princes be truly at vnitie as his Royall Maiestie our Soueraigne King Iames desireth seuentie Saile of good ships were sufficient to fire the most of his Coasts in the Leuant and make such a guard in the Straights of Hellespont as would make the great Turke himselfe more affraid in Constantinople then the smallest Red-Crosse that crosses the Seas would be either of any French Pickaroun or the Pirats of Algere An abstract of diuers Relations sent from the Colony in New England Iuly 16. 1622. SInce the massacre in Virginia though the Indians continue their wonted friendship yet wee are more wary of them then before for their hands
those did neuer heare of them though they dwell in England might bee made some rare secrets and great Countries vnknowne except some few Relations of Master Dirmer In England some are held great trauellers that haue seene Venice and Rome Madrill Toledo Siuill Algere Prague or Ragonsa Constantinople or Ierusalem and the Piramides of Egypt that thinke it nothing to goe to Summer Iles or Virginia which is as far as any of them and I hope in time will proue a more profitable and more laudable iourney as for the danger you see our Ladies and Gentlewomen account it nothing now to goe thither and therefore I hope all good men will better apprehend it and not suffer them to languish in despaire whom God so wonderfully and oft hath preserued What here I haue writ by Relation if it be not right I humbly intreat your pardons but I haue not spared any diligence to learne the truth of them that haue beene actors or sharers in those voyages In some particulars they might deceiue mee but in the substance they could not for few could tell me any thing except where they fished But seeing all those haue liued there doe confirme more then I haue writ I doubt not but all those testimonies with these new begun examples of Plantation will moue both Citie and Country freely to aduenture with me more then promises But because some Fortune-tellers say I am vnfortunate had they spent their time as I haue done they would rather beleeue in God then their calculations and peraduenture haue giuen as bad an account of their actions and therefore I intreat leaue to answer those obiecters that thinke it strange if this be true I haue made no more vse of it rest so long without imploiment nor haue no more reward nor preferment To which I say I thinke it more strange they should tax me before they haue tried as much as I haue both by land and sea as well in Asia and Affrica as Europe and America where my Commanders were actors or spectators they alwaies so freely rewarded me I neuer needed bee importunate or could I euer learne to beg What there I got I haue spent yet in Virginia I staied till I left fiue hundred behinde me better prouided then euer I was from which blessed Virgin ere I returned sprung the fortunate habitation of Summer Iles. This Virgins Sister now called New England at my humble sute by our most gracious Prince Charles hath beene neere as chargeable to me and my friends for all which although I neuer got shilling but it cost mee a pound yet I would thinke my selfe happy could I see their prosperities But if it yet trouble a multitude to proceed vpon these certainties what thinke you I vndertooke when nothing was knowne but that there was a vast land I neuer had power and meanes to doe any thing though more hath beene spent in formall delaies then would haue done the businesse but in such a penurious and miserable manner as if I had gone a begging to build an Vniuersitie where had men beene as forward to aduenture their purses and performe the conditions they promised mee as to crop the fruits of my labours thousands ere this had beene bettered by these designes Thus betwixt the spur of desire and the bridle of reason I am neere ridden to death in a ring of despaire the reines are in your hands therefore I intreat you ease me and those that thinke I am either idle or vnfortunate may see the cause and know vnlesse I did see better dealing I haue had warning enough not to be so forward againe at euery motion vpon their promises vnlesse I intended nothing but to carie newes for now they dare aduenture a ship that when I went first would not aduenture a groat so they may be at home againe by Michaelmas which makes me remember and say with Master Hackluit Oh incredulitie the wit of fooles that slouingly doe spit at all things faire a sluggards Cradle a Cowards Castle how easie it is to be an Infidell But to the matter By this all men may perceiue the ordinary performance of this voyage in fiue or six moneths the plentie of fish is most certainly approued and it is certaine from Cannada and New England within these six yeeres hath come neere twenty thousand Beuer skinnes Now had each of these ships transported but some small quantitie of the most increasing Beasts Fowles Fruits Plants and Seeds as I proiected by this time their increase might haue beene sufficient for more then one thousand men But the desire of present gaine in many is so violent and the endeuours of many vndertakers so negligent euery one so regarding their priuate gaine that it is hard to effect any publike good and impossible to bring them into a body rule or order vnlesse both honesty as well as authoritie and money assist experience But your home-bred ingrossing Proiecters will at last finde there is a great difference betwixt saying and doing or those that thinks their directions can be as soone and easily performed as they can conceit them or that their conceits are the fittest things to bee put in practise or their countenances maintaine Plantations But to conclude the fishing will goe forward wâ—ether you plant it or no whereby a Colony may be then transported with no great charge that in short time might prouide such fraughts to buy on vs there dwelling as I would hope no ship should goe or come emptie from New England The charge of this is onely Salt Nets Hookes Lines Kniues Irish-rugges course cloth Beads Glasse and such trash onely for fishing and trade with the Saluages besides our owne necessarie prouisions whole endeuours would quickly defray all this charge and the Saluages did intreat me to inhabit where I would Now all those ships till these last two yeeres haue beene fishing within a square of two or three leagues and scarce any one yet will goe any further in the Port they fish in where questionlesse fiue hundred may haue their fraught as well as elsewhere and be in the market ere others can haue the fish in their ships because New Englands fishing begins in February in Newfoundland not till the midst of May the progression hereof tends much to the aduancement of Virginia and Summer Iles whose empty ships may take in their fraughts there and would be also in time of need a good friend to the Inhabitants of Newfoundland The returnes made by the Westerne men are commonly diuided in three parts one for the owner of the ship another for the Master and his Company the third for the victualers which course being still permitted will be no hinderance to the Plantation as yet goe there neuer so many but a meanes of transporting that yeerely for little or nothing which otherwise wil cost many hundreds of pounds If a ship can gaine twenty thirty fifty in the hundred nay three hundred for one
those errors I haue committed if God please I liue my care and paines shall endeuour to be thankfull if I die accept my good will If any desire to be further satisfied what defect is found in this they shall finde supplied in me that thus freely haue throwne my selfe with my mite into the Treasury of my Countries good not doubting but God will stirre vp some noble spirits to consider and examine if worthy Columbus could giue the Spaniards any such certainties for his designe when Queene Isabel of Spaine set him forth with 15. saile and though I promise no Mines of gold yet the warlike Hollanders let vs imitate but not hate whose wealth and strength are good testimonies of their treasury gotten by fishing and New-England hath yeelded already by generall computation one hundred thousand pounds at the least Therefore honourable and worthy Country men let not the meannesse of the word fish distaste you for it will afford as good gold as the Mines of Guiana or Potâ—ssie with lesse hazard and charge and more certainty and facility I. S. I. S. FINIS Errata PAg. 1. line 7. for Quineth reade Guineth pag. 153. li. 5. reade from the company and li. 20. for 25000. pounds reade 2500. pounds pag. 164. li. 53. for 1500. men reade 150. men pag. 168. li. 11. for Goston reade Gofton and Coranto Quowarranto and li. 13 reade before the Iudges in Westminster hall for the Lords of his Maiesties Priuy Counsell There are many other errors which being but small I intreat the courteous reader to correct as he findeth them * Coelum non attimum mutant a These are said a thousaÌ„d yeares agoe to haue beene in the North parts of America b He is said to discover the Pole 1360. c Madoc ap Owâ—n Planted some remote Western parts 1170. d America named of Americus Vesputius which discovered les then Colon or S ir Sâ—bastian Cabot and the Continent later ColoÌ„ first found the Isles 1492. the Continenâ— 1498. Aboue a yeare after Cabot had don it He was set forth by Henry 7 and after by Hen. 8. Kniâ—hted and made grand Pilot of EnglaÌ„d by Ed. 6 Vnder whoÌ„ he procured the sending of S ir Hugh Willoughby discovery of Greenland and Russia having by himself discovered on America froÌ„ 67 North lat to neere â—o South * Virginia now inhabited and New-England Their arrivall â—â—pundance â—f Gâ—apes The I le of Wâ—kokon In Lybanus are not many Conference with a Salvage The Arriuall of the Kings brother Trade with the Salvages Note The Ile Roanoak The great courtesie of a Woman A banquet Skicoac a great towne Pomovik How the Country was called Virginia Sir Richard Grenvils voyage 1585. Their first Plantation Chawonock Chawonock 700. men Menatonon his Relations of the I le of Pearle and a rich Mine the Sea by it Pemissapan his trechery The discouery of the riuer Moratâ—c A noble resolution The strange Mine of Chaunis Temoatan The great currant of the river Moratâ—â— The Conspiracy of Pemissapan The death of a most rare Salvage A slaughter of two Salvages Pemissapan slaine and â— others A most generous courtesie of Sir Francis Drake Virginia abandoned CoÌ„modities Dyes A strange Salt Rootes Fruits that 's strange Beasts extraordinary Fish Foules Their Religion How the world was made How man was made How they vse their gods Whether they goe after death Two men risen from death The subtiltie of their Priests Their simplicitie Their desire of salvation A wonderfull Accident Their strange opinions Calling Sir Richard Grenvill left fiftie â—en Master White his Voyages 1687. One of the Councell slaine How the fiftie men were slainâ— An ill misprision A child borne in Virginia A controversie who to send for Factor to England Master White his returne to Virginia Captaine Spicer and seauen others drowned They finde where they had buryed their provisions The end of this Plantation 12. yeares it lay dead Their first landing Martha's Vineyard Elizabeths Island A ' Copper Mine Their return Dangerous shoules Cod and Whales Their first landing Pentecost harbour The Captains diligence Trade with the Salvages Their trechery Fiue Salvages surprised A description of the river The latitude The temperature The windes The entrances Cape Henry Cape Charles The Country The mountaines The soyle The valleyes Plaines The river Powhatan The branches Iames Towne The severall Inhabitants R. Pamavnkee The inhabitants Payankatank R. Toppahanock R. The inhabitants Patawomek R. The inhabitants Pawtuxunt R. Bolus R. The head of the Bay Sasquesahanock The description of a Sasquesahanough Tockwhogh R. Rapahanock R. Kuskarawaock R. Wighcocomoco R. Accomack R. Chawonock The severall languages Why there is little grasse Woods with their fruits Elme Walnuts Supposed Cypres Mulberries Chesnuts Cherries Vines Chechinquamins Rawcomens How they vse their fruits Walnut mille Gummes Cedats Saxafiastrees Berries Matoum Strawberries Hearbes Rootes Wigâ—sacan a roote Pocones a small roote Musquaspen a roote Pellitory Sasafrage Onyons Their chiefe beasts are Deere Aroughcun Squirrels Assapanick a Squirrel flying Opassom Mussascus Beares The Beaver Otters VtchuÌ„quoyes Foxes-Dogges Martins Polcats Weesels and Minkes Birds Fish The rockes How they divide the yeare How they prepare the ground How they plant How they vse their Corne. How they vse their fish and flesh Planted fruits A proofe cattell will liue well The Commodities The numbeâ—â— Seaven hundred men were the most were seene together when they thought to haue surprised Captaine Smith A description of the people The Barbers The constitution The disposition The possessions Their attire Their ornaments Their buildings Their lodgings Their gardens How they vse their children The industrie of their women How they strike fire The order of dyet How they make their bowâ—s and arrowes Their kniues Their Targets and Swords Their Boats How they spin Their fish-hookes How they hunt One Salvage hunting alone Their Consultations Their enemies Massawomekes Their offer of subiection Their manner of Battell Their Musicke Their entertainement Their trade Their Phisicke Their Chirurgery Their charms to cure Their God How they bury their Kings Their ordinary burials Their Temples Their ornaments for their Priests The times of solemnitieâ— Their coniurations Their Altars Sacrifices to the water Their solemn Sacrifices of children which they call Black-boyes Those Black-boyes are made so mad with a kind of drinke that they will doâ— any mischiefe at the command of their Keepers Their resurrection A description of Powhatan His attendaÌ„ce and watch His treasury His wiues His successors Their authoritie The tenor of their lands His manner of punishments â— 46. S ir Thomas Smith Treasurer The first mover of the action Orders for government Monica an vnfrequented Isle full of Birds Their first landing Matters of government The discovery of the Falles Powhatan The Fort assaulted by the Salvages Captain Newports returne for England S ir Thomas Smith Treasurer The occasion of sicknesse The Sailers abuses A bad President Plentie vnexpected The building of Iames Towne The beginning of Trade
called the most remarkable places in New England Aspersions against New England Captaine Hobson his voiage to Capawuk The Londoners send foure good ships to New England The situation of New England Notes of Florida Notes of Virginia Obseruations soâ— presumptuous ignorant directors The principall Countries or gouernments A proofe of an excellent clime Staple Commodities present Obseruations of the Hollanders Note Note Examples of the Altitude comparatiuely In Spaine In France In Greece In Asia Beyond the line The particular staple commodities that may be had by industry The nature of the ground approued The seasons for fishing approued Imploiment for poore people and fatherlesse children The facilitie of the Plantation Present Commodities Kermes Musquasseâ— Beuers Mines Woods An example of the gâ—â—â—s vpon euery yeere or six moneths returne A description of the Countrey in particular and their situations An Indian slaine another shot The land Markes Herbs and Fruits Woods Birds Fishes Beasts A note for men that haue great spirits and small meanes An example of secure couetousnesse The Authors conditions The Planters pleasures and profit Imploiments for Gentlemen Imploiments for Labourers Examples of the Spaniards The causes of our defailments The blisse of Spaine My second Voiage to New England The ground and plot for our plantation The meanes vsed to preuent it and nâ—c How I set saile and returned My reimbarkement encounter with Pirats and imprisonment by the French A double treachery A fleet of nine French men of war and fights with the Spaniard A prise of Fish A Scotch prise A prise worth 36000 crownes A prise worth 300000 crownes My escape from the French men What law I had My returne for England The successe of my Vice-Admirall M. Dâ—e his report The benefit of fishing as Mr Gentleman and others report The Records of Holland and other learned obseruers My sute to the Country My sute to the Citie Their first iourny by land Their first iourny by Shallop Accidents Their second iourney by water to finde a place to plant in Their first fight with the Saluages The description of their place to plant in Another Boy borne in New-England Their first Plantation Two faire Lakes Two men lost themselues in the woods Their first conference with a Saluage The second conference Their conditions of peace A iourney to Pakanoki A great courage of two old Saluages How the King vsed them A voyage to Nawsit They surprise the Saluages Notes and obseruations They liued two yeeres without supply Westons Plantation The death of Tusquantum Tusquantum at his death desired the English to pray he might go dwell with the English mens God for theirs was a good God They contriue to murder all the English The sicknesse of King Massasowat His cure by the English The Kings thankfulnesse A bad example Captaine Standish sent to suppresse the Saluages Two desperate Saluages slaine The Saluages ouer coâ—â—med An extreme drought A wonderfull blessing signe of Gods loue Forty saile sent to fish Their Religion Their Gouernment An answer to Obiections The ordinary voyage to goe to Virginia or New-England The obiections against me My answer Considerations The charge The order of the westerne men The gaines The effects of shipping The Popes order for the East and West Indies How to get money to build this little Nauy Contention for New-Englands goods not her good The necessity of martiall power The facility of the fishing lately obserued The present estate of the plantation at New-Plimoth 1624. Their order of gouernment