from this time the Lusitanians inhabiting Vouga or Vacca made an expedition as far as the Cities Assota and Lacedemona in whose Territory they founded a Town which of the Name of their own Country they called Vacca and being delighted with the pleasantness of the Place they added the word Chara whereby it came to be called Charavacca The News of the Death of the Emperor Augustus being brought into Lusitania his Funeral Honours were performed with no less Grandeur than they had been at Rome Hispania Vlterior which includes Portugal was at this time Governed by the Proconsul Vibius Serenus whose unlimitted Avarice was the cause he exercised many Cruelties towards the People nor were the Spanish Mines and Rivers yielding Yearly three Millions of Crowns in Gold sufficient to satisfy his unmeasurable Covetousness 2. Tiberius having succeeded Augustus in the Empire Tiberius succeeds Augustus in the Empire appeared no less insatiable than his Lieutenant The Lusitanians by their Ambassadors asked leave to Erect a Temple to him and his Mother Drusilla which he pretending Modesty refused But in Reality was more desirous of their Gold than of their Adoration To shew that Learning was then esteemed here several Lasitanians went into Italy only to see the famous Historian Titus Livius with them went Ambassadors from Lisbon to give an Account of a Prodigy there seen It was a perfect Man coming out of the Sea who sitting upon the Rocks sounded a great Shell as if it had been a Horn so loud and shrill that it drew the People thither to see who it was Admiring the sight of that Creature they sent that Embassage which is a token no such Creature had been seen before tho' Authors affirm that several have appeared since The Roman Emperors were Lords of our Kingdom of Lusitania for some Ages but for Brevity sake I will not mention them all as they succeeded one another but only speak of those who left something memorable among us 3. After Tiberius Caius Caligula the Imperial Crown was put upon the Head of Caius Caligula whose horrid course of Life made the wickedness of his Predecessor be looked upon as innocence Caligula in the 4th Year of his Reign was Murthered St. James the Apostle in Spain as had been his Predecessor During his Reign St. James the Apostle came into Spain where he Preached the Gospel and converted many by virtue of the mighty Miracles he Wrought Among the rest he is said to have raised to life a Citizen of Braga by extraction a Jew called Samuel the Younger or Malachias the Elder Son to the Prophet Vrias who had been Buried near 600 Years him he called Peter and constituted the first Bishop of Braga and the first in all Spain 44. This Bishop suffered Martyrdom at Rates four Leagues from Braga and is therefore called St. Peter of Rates Another of his Disciples St. James left in the Church of Cinania once a populous City now a poor place scarce the shaddow of what it was between Braga and Guimaraens upon the River Ave. In this same place he was Martyred by the Neighbouring People in memory whereof they to this day as it were acknowledging the crime resort to his Church bare-footed and with Cords about them The Martyrs name was Torquatus now corruptly called Torcade St. James embarking at Corunna sailed into England in whose absence Peter the Archbishop of Braga having spread the Faith made several Bishops 46. As the Nuptials of a little King's Son were Celebrating on the shoar of Bouzas not far from Porto the Bride-groom being on Horse-back among many others suddenly there appeared a Ship at Sea When it drew near the Bride-groom was carried away by his Horse through the Water and suddenly appeared upon the Ship covered with Crosses and Shells Wondring what this should mean he asked of those in the Ship who told him They brought the Body of St. James the Apostle who had wrought that Miracle to convert him and the Neighbouring People and a voice from Heaven said it was the Will of God that all those who went to visit the Apostle's Sepulcher should be so adorned with Crosses The Bridegroom returned ashoar his Horse treading the Water as if it had been firm Land whereupon he and all present were Baptized Thus much may suffice as to the Preaching of St. James the Apostle and the bringing of his Body after his Death into Spain 4. After Caligula Reigned 56. Claudius a Prince as foolish as his Predecessor was wicked The Emperors Claudius and Nero. no Memory of him remains in Portugal it had been well if there were none in the World Of Nero his Successor there are still many Monuments in Lusitania and also of his Mother â—gâ—ippina for to her they Erected Statues In the time of Nero Silvius Otho Governed Portugal the Emperor conferred that Honour upon him the more freely in his absence to enjoy his Wife Popea whose incontinency gave occasion for him to fall in love with her Beauty Ten Years did Otho Govern this Province with so great Equity and Moderation that he obliged the People afterwards to assist him towards obtaining the Empire A great number of Martyrs suffered under this cruel Emperor as well in Spain as in other parts Galba Next to Nero Galba ascended the Imperial Throne rather for the hatred all Men bore his Predecessor than for any Merit of his own Otho then Governor of Lusitania in Revenge of the wrong done him in the Person of his Wife Popea assisted him Nevertheless once possessed of the Government he grew as odious as he had been before desirable and therefore having held it but Eight Months was Murthered Otho His Death opened the way for Otho who had won the hearts of all Men with much Bounty and Clemency to aim at the Crown Otho to gratifie the Affections of the Lusitanians granted great Priviledges to many Towns but particularly to Merida then the Metropolis of the Province only three Months lasted the Sovereignty of Otho for understanding that Vitellius with the German Army by which he was saluted Emperor was marching against him he in despair Slew himself Vitellius nor did Vitellius hold it above Eight Months 5. Vespasian succeeded Vitellius Vespasian and by his Prudence and Moderation cheared the hearts of all his People Lusitania was particularly favoured by him for he adorned it with noble Works one of them was the great Road he made from Braga to Orense the space of Fifteen Leagues which breaking through many rough and uncooth places runs so smooth there is not the least Ascent or Descent in it Near to the Town of Chaves of him called Aquae Flaviae he built a Bridge over the River Tamaga 80. with a large Inscription on it Vespasian died having Reigned Nine Years and a half and left the Empire to his two Sons Titus and Domitian Titus the Good and Domitian the Wicked During their sway
English Order of the Garter which is of S. George he used for his Crest the Head of a winged Dragon and from that time forward the Portuguese use to call upon S. George in the time of Battle 10. Discoveries in this King's time were made by John Gonzalez Zarco Discoveries made in his time Tristan Vaz Teixeira and Bartholomew Perestrello who being drove they knew not whither by a storm found the Island they called Puerto Santo in the Year 1418 and two Years after that of Madera where they found a little Oratory and Inscription declaring that one Machin an English-Man had been there before Giles Yanez attempting what none durst before him passed beyond Cape Bojador and there planted a Cross CHAP. IV. The Life and Reign of Edward the First of the Name and Eleventh King of Portugal his Actions and Death from the Year 1391 till 1438. 1. KIng Edward was Born at Viseo Birth of King Edward in the Year 1391. He was with his Father at the taking of Ceuta and married Ellenor Daughter to King Ferdinaâ—d the first of Aragon 1391. in the Year 1428. The Body of King John being deposited in the Cathedral of Lisbon 1428. on the 14th of August the next Day his Eldest Son Edward was proclaimed King 1433. An Astrologer advised him to pass by that unfortunate Day An Astrological Prediction for that all the Constellations were Conspired against him But he religiously â—lighting these Predictions went on with the Solemnity and was Crowned that very Day Then began the Astrologer publickly as he had before done in private to denounce that his Reign would be short as to time but tedious for the Misfortunes which would happen in it The New King went to divert himself at Sintra where his Son Alonsâ— not full 20 Months Old was Sworn Heir to the Crown by the Nobility This was the only time the like Ceremony was performed without the Concurrence of the Commonalty by their Representatives He was also the first that had the Title of Prince given him in Portugal Alonso Son to King Edward the first that 〈◊〉 the Title of Prince in Portugal his Father following the example of the other Courts of Christendom The first that used it was that of England where the Heir of the Crown was called Prince of Wales From Sintra the King sent his Summons to all the Prelates and Nobles for them to meet in order to attend the Translation of his Father's Body to a noble Sepulchre designed for it in the Church of Batalla belonging to the Dominicans and of the invocation of the Assumption of our Blessed Lady built by that King in Memory of the Victory obtained in that Place 2. It will not here be amiss The Funeral of King John in short to say something of his Funeral which may shew the Custom of those times All the Nobility and Clergy Assembled at Lisbon The Mourning then used was either white Sack-Cloath or raw Canvas Such was the Apparel of all the Nobility and their Families The Pallace was all Hung with Black On the 25th of October all the Company marched in orderly Procession from the Pallace to the Church with great silence the Bells of all the Churches ringing At the Church after a short Sermon the Body was placed on a Mausoleum and then the Divine Office for the dead performed with great Solemnity Prince Peter and many other great men stay'd in the Church all Night with the Body and next Day after Mass and Sermon a costly Offering was made of Gold Silver and rich Brocados This done the Body was placed on a Triumphant Charriot which was drawn through the Streets by the King his Brothers and the Nobility In the New Street and in the great Place called Recio Scaffolds were erected on which Learned Men made Funeral Orations suitable to the Occasion At S. Vincent's Gate Four Horses were put to the Charriot Four times the Funeral halted betwixt Lisbon and the Church of Batalla at Odivellas Villafranca Alcoentre and Alcobaça The Fifth Day it came to the Church of Batalla whither the Cortes or Parliament was summoned and there all that great Assembly assisted at Mass and the other Funeral Rites 3. The King hasted away to Leyria King Edward holds a Parliament flying from the Plague for here began his Misfortunes The Cortes or Parliament was held at Santarem where the King gave general Satisfaction Then he applied himself to the cares of the Government He caused also the Laws to be epitomized and reduced to one Volume taking special care that they should be put in Execution His next care was to moderate excess in Apparel and Diet and then he Ordered That only one of the Princes and such of the Nobility as were named should attend at Court at one time the rest being sent away to their Estates and they to relieve the others in their turns 1434. Thus the ensuing Year was spent A general Council Pope Martin had before this time summoned a general Council to meet at Basle for Uniting the Greek and Latin Churches 1435. To this Council were sent Six Embassadors from Portugal The Union of the Two Churches took Effect but was not lasting for the Greeks not finding those Supplies they expected from the Pope against the Turks soon fell off The Portuguese Embassadors obtained a Grant of the then Pope Eugenius That the Kings of Portugal might be Crowned and Anointed in the same manner as those of England and France This same Year the King designed his Sons should receive the Sacrament of Confirmation with great Pomp and Solemnity but News being then brought that the Kings of Naples and Navarre Prince Henry and above 100 Persons of great Note were taken Prisoners in a Sea Fight by Philip Duke of Milan all publick Joy ceased and the Court was filled with Mourning nevertheless the Young Princes were confirmed 4. This same Year also it was An Expedition against Tangier that the Princes Henry and Ferdinand having first gained the Queen to their Party perswaded the King to take in Hand an Expedition against Tangier in Africk It was long before they could prevail upon him but at last overcome by their importunities he took the Fatal Resoluton A Tax was laid upon the Kingdom for the Expence of this War and all the Preparations for such an Expedition diligently made On the 17th of August the Princes Embarked and the 22th they sailed from Belem 1437. The particulars of this Unhappy Undertaking belong properly to the Portuguese Africk where they are to be seen at large but the even was The Portuguese Army destroyed by the Moors and the King's Brother taken That most of the Portuguese Army perished and Prince Ferdinand remained in Captivity he being left as an Hostage for restoring Ceuta to the Moors upon their suffering the Relicks of the Portuguese to return home Prince Henry the Adviser of this Enterprize sent Notice to
against him under the Command of the Renowned Edward Pacheco who after a sharp dispute near Cape Finisterre sunk one of the Pirate's Galleons and took the other three Mondragon was presented to the King who freely forgave him CHAP. X. The remaining Part of the Life and Reign of Emanuel the First of the Name and Fourteenth King of Portugal from the Year of our Lord 1510 till 1521. 1. NOthing remarkable happened the Year 1510 1510. but that many Moors and Hords of Arabs along the Coast of Africk submitted themselves to King Emanuel 1511. and became his Tributaries The following Year threatned a Breach between Castile and Portugal because King Ferdinand fitted out a Fleet at Malaga with Design to invade the Portuguese Conquests The Pope calling upon him for Succour against the French obliged him to desist from that Enterprize Nevertheless that Faithless King as if his Designs had not been known solicited King Emanuel to joyn with him against France and highly resented that he Courteously entertained a French Squadron in his Ports Henry the 8th King of England who had married Katherine Sister to the Queen of Portugal King Emanuel receives the Order of the Garter from King Henry the Eighth of England now sent King Emanuel the Garter having received him into that most Noble Order On the last Day of January was born at Lisbon Prince Henry the King 's Seventh Son a mighty Snow falling just before his Birth which is a thing rarely seen in Lisbon We shall have more occasion to speak of him hereafter when he ascends the Throne Alonso King and Apostle of Congo this Year sent his Son Henry and his Brother Emanuel 1512. with many Young Noblemen into Portugal to be instructed in the Christian Faith Henry Son to the King of Congo comes into Portugal With them came Peter that King's Cousin whom he sent as his Embassador to Rome to submit him and his Kingdom to the Pope King Emanuel sent the Black Prince Henry with the Embassador they arrived at Rome the following Year where they were courteously received and dismissed by Leo the Tenth 1513. then sitting in 8. Peter's Chair 2. D. Alvaro de Castro The King punishes his Lord Steward for his cruelty to a Servant was Lord Steward of the Houshold and in great Favour He finding a Servant of his own whom he had turned away talking with a Slave in his House caused him to be so cruelly lashed that all his Body was but one continued Sore The Servant putting nothing on but his Cloak came into the King's Presence where letting it fall he said Ecce Homo Your Lord Steward has done this to me only for talking to one of his Slaves The King astonished at this Barbarity immediately sent Andrew Perez Landin his Clerk of the Closet to acquaint D. Alvaro that he deprived him of his Charge ordered he should remain a Prisoner in his House till farther order and pay 500 Crowns to that Man D. Alvaro's Kindred came to the King to intercede for him but finding the King implacable they went away Discontented and returned not to Court whereupon the King ordered the Two Sons of D. Alvaro to be struck out of his Books At last upon the humble Application of D. Alvaro's Wife he was sent for to Court severely reprimanded and then pardoned Last Year began the Preparations and now was fitted out a Fleet of above 400 Sail 1514. carrying 18000 Foot and 2600 Horse all under the Command of Jayme or James Duke of Bracança He sailed from Lisbon about the middle of August and landing on the 28th of the same Month in Africk Azamor on the Coast of Africk taken took the City Azamor Those of Tite and Almedina being abandoned by the Inhabitants he also possessed himself of with ease Then having ravaged the Country without any opposition he returned to Lisbon The Particulars of this Expedition properly belong to the Portuguese Africk 3. King Emanuel resolving to Dedicate to God Presents of the First Fruits of India sent to the Pope the First Fruits of India thought the shortest way was to present them to the Pope his Vicegerent With this Present he sent Three Embassadors the chief whereof was Tristan da Cunha with a most magnificent Retinue The Present consisted of an Elephant covered with Cloth of Gold and governed by an Indian a Persian Horse with rich Furniture a Panther that would Hunt and was at Command like a Dog and a whole Suit of Vestments for all occasions all of Cloth of Gold so thick Embroidered with Pearls and precious Stones that the Ground of it could not be discerned The whole was valued at 500000 Crowns Bernardin Freyre and Francis Pereyra Pestana arriving now from India the King caused them to be cast into Prison being informed how unworthily they had treated Mathew Embassador from Ellen Grand-Mother of David Emperor of Ethiopia and Regent of that Empire during her Grand-Son's Minority There they remained till the said Embassador interceded for them He was an Armenian Christian Judicious Learned and Bold The King received him with Respect and by him a Letter from the Empress Five Medals of Gold and a great Cross made of the Wood of that our Saviour suffered upon and kept in a Gold Case In her Letter the Empress offered her assistance towards forwarding the King's undertakings in Asia and desired since they were both Christians that their Families might be allyed by mutual Marriages that so they might be the better enabled to destroy the Turks 1515. and Moors The King 's Eighth Son born in those Parts On the 7th of September 1515 was born at Lisbon Edward the King 's 8th Son of whom more at the end of this Chapter Embassadors were sent to Castile 1516 to condole with Queen Germana upon the Death of her Husband King Ferdinand and to Flanders to Charles afterwards the 5th of that Name Emperor to offer him Elizabeth Daughter to King Emanuel in Marriage and ask his Sister Ellenor for Prince John This Year ended with the Birth and Death of Mary Emanuel's Ninth Child 4. Prince Antony 1517. the King 's Tenth Child was born at Lisbon Birth of the King 's tenth Child on the 9th Day of September He lived but a few Days and left his Mother so Weak that she died the 7th of March following of an Impostume in her Bowels The Queen dies being but 35 Years of Age. She was generally lamented being extreamly beloved for her Fruitfulness her great Love to the King her liberality to the Poor her Devotion Affability Modesty Piety Industriousness in the good spending her Time and special care of Instructing her Children As to Features she was neither beautiful nor deformed She founded the Monastery of S. Hierome in the Berlings and lies buried in the Church of Belem Before the Queen's Death the King put an Elephant and a Rhinoceros together to see the manner of their
Crowns in Gold to any that could discover him and the many poor People were concerned in his Escape none ever offered to betray him Antony came in disguise to Lisbon and thence to Setuval where a Woman assisted to hire a small Vessel for him which carried him into England whence he passed into France and was there favourably entertained by the Queen Mother Katherine of Medicis and her Son the Duke of Alenson who aspired to a Crown and hoped if he could get Forces into Portugal to secure that to himself 9. The Tercera Islands still held for Antony 〈◊〉 and at the same time expected King Sebastian who was killed in Africk The Tercera Islands for Antony and many pretended to prophecy the Day he would come to them King Philip being about to make his Entry into Lisbon received this News from the Islands and therefore sent thither Peter Valdez with 600 Men and some Cannon to reduce them He found a very ill Reception and therefore kept at Sea not knowing what to do Advice was brought him That D. Lope de Figueroa was preparing at Lisbon to follow him with a greater Force and he that the other might not have any share in the Honour of subduing those Islands rashly adventured to land With much difficulty he got ashoar upon S. James his Day and at First took some pieces of Cannon from the Portuguese But Cyprian de Figueyredo the Governour coming out of the City with all the Force he could make drove before a Herd of Oxen which being pricked forwards upon the Spaniards put them into disorder and he then falling on drove them into the Sea where 450 of them perished Many Barbarities were committed towards the Dead some being cut in Pieces and others dragged about the Streets Valdez was in this miserable Condition when D. Lope de Figueroa came to be a Witness of his rashness for he could do nothing after that Loss Upon the News that Levies were making in England France and Flanders to bring Antony into Portugal the King sent the Prior of Malta to secure the Province betwixt Duero and Minho Ambrose de Aguiar and Peter Peixoto were sent to the Terceras The Marquis de Santa Cruz returned from Sevil with Twelve Galleys and Twenty Galleons and found there Thirty Vessels gathered from Portugal Biscay and other Places With this Force he sailed towards the Islands in July Antony arrives at the Terceraâ— with a Fleet from France Antony at the same time sailed from France with Fifty eight Sail in which were above Seven thousand Men commanded by Philip Strozi and Monsieur de Brisâ—â— He arrived at the Island of S. Michael before the Spaniards and plundered the Town of Laguna The Inhabitants of Punta Delgada the chief Town of the Island fled to the Mountains Ambrose de Aguiar who had been Governour was dead and now Peter Peixoto and Laurâ—â—â—e Nogueyra commanded They marched out with about Three thousand Spaniards and Portuguese to meet the French by whom they were defeated and Nogueyra flying to the Fort died there of his Wounds Antony after summoning the Fort in vain prepared to batter it when the Spanish Fleet appearing diverted him from that Design 10. After several Essays made 1582. the Two Fleets joyned Battle on the 26th of July Antony's Fleet destroyed by the Spanish The Engagement lasted Five Hours in which the French Admiral and Vice-Admiral being taken Two great Ships sunk and about Two thousand of their Men slain the rest fled Philip Strozi being taken died of his Wounds as did D. Francis de Portugal Earl of Vimioso John de Jaen Chaplain to the Major General frighted by the Cannon ran down into the Hold where he died with fear Anthony thinking some of his Commanders had not done their Duty as being corrupted by the Spaniards cut off D. Duarte de Castro's Head on suspition that he was one of them He was not himself in the Fight being then received ashoar in the Island Tercera where he was received as King Some of the French Ships returned to France others plundered the Island of Fayal The Marquess after his Victory having Twenty eight Lords Fifty Gentlemen and a great number of Marriners and Soldiers Prisoners beheaded all the former and hanged the latter This done he returned to Lisbon carrying with him Two India Ships he met in the way Antony coined Money much under Weight wracked the People to raise more incited the religious Men to take Arms and forbore not too in the midst of his Misery to endeavour to corrupt Nuns He sailed thence in November with Thirty Sail for France but some of them forsook him by the way 〈◊〉 About the middle of February King Philip returned to Castile As soon as the Season was fit for sailing Monsieur de Chartes a Knight of Malta came from France with 1200 Men to secure the Islands to 〈◊〉 In July arrived there the Spanish Fleet consisting of Sixty Sail and among them Twelve Galleys which caused admiration for that those Vessels had never before been used in the Ocean but for Coasters In this Fleet were One thousand two hundred Men commanded by the Marquess de Santa Cruz. On the 24th of this Month the Admiral would have proclaimed a general Pardon but could not be heard He landed at 〈◊〉 Mole The 〈…〉 and after Three Days resistance became absolute Master of the 〈◊〉 the Defendants flying to the Mountains Monsieur de Chartes articled to depart with the French leaving their Colours D. Emanuel de Silva the Governour after absconding some time was betrayed by a Slave taken and beheaded His Head was put up where he had set up that of Belchior Alfonso for finding with King Philip and it is remarkable he had said it should be taken down when his were fixed in the Place Some were beheaded others hanged and all that had any Honours or Employments conferred by Antony were deprived of them All the other Islands were easily reduced 11. Antony having left all he possessed in the Seas Antony flies into England and having no hopes of Succour in France went over into England the differences betwixt King Philip and Queen Elizabeth encouraging him to hope for assistance there The Queen was easily perswaded to embrace this Enterprize and offered her Ships and Two thousand Men that had served in Holland but upon very hard Terms which were granted and are these That the Queen should furnish 120 Sail 15000 Landmen and 5000 Marriners for which Antony within Two Months after he was in possession of Lisbon should pay down Five Millions and 300000 Duccats a Year for ever That the English should Traffick freely in Portugal and India That the Queen might bring her Fleet into Lisbon River and Antony should be obliged to assist her against King Philip. That the Garrisons in Portugal should alwalys be in the hands of English maintained by the Kingdom That Bishopricks should be conferred on English Catholicks and
250 Horse and 200 Foot marched to Caravajales and passing by that place without Opposition burnt the Town of Tavora and 19 Villages returning with a great Booty Soon after 500 Spanish Foot and 150 Horse having gathered all the Cattle about Ifanes Antony Jaques set upon them with a lesser number yet with such Valour that few of the 500 Foot escaped being kill'd or taken The People of Gallicia offered John Mendez a Cessation of Arms which he accepted of but the King not approving of it it was of no Continuance 2. John de Mello Feyo Small incursions in Beâ—â—â—a governing that part of Beira which was before subject to D. Roderick de Castro resolved not to be idle Having borrowed 150 Horse of Nuno da Cunha who Commanded in the other part of the Province and joyned them to Six Troops of his own and a Regiment of Foot he marched to Villa Vieja Nine Leagues from the Frontiers towards Cuidad Rodrigo After plundering Villa Vieja he charged a body of 300 Spanish Horse and as many Foot that was gathered to oppose him and after a Vigorous resistance made by them in so much that at the first his party seemed to decline he put them to flight pursuing them as far as S. Felices Antony Soares da Costa Governour of the Castle of Salvaterra held a friendly correspondence which is allowed of in time of War between Gentlemen A doâ—ble piâ—ce of Treachery tho' serving in opposite parties with D. Alfonso de Sande a Spanish Officer This familiarity increasing D. Alfonso took occasion to make proposals to Antony Soares for delivering up that Castle to the King of Spain promising him large rewards for that Service Antony Soares pretending an Inclination to comply carryed on the Negotiation till he obtained a Letter from D. Lewis de Haro prime Minister of Spain with a scedule under that Kings hand containing Large promises if he delivered the place Having received these assurances he resolved to Revenge the wrong done to his Reputation in attempting his Fidelity He agreed with D. Alfonso to receive him with 30 more into the Castle of Salvaterra in disguize as if they came thither to Trade leaving the rest of the Troops belonging to Alcantara ready in a Wood hard by The day being appointed D. Alfonso came according to agreement and a small wicket of the Castle was opened at which the 30 entred one at a time the entrance not being capable of admitting more at once As every one was let in Antony Soarez caused his brains to be dashed out with a Club and in this manner cruelly butchered all the 30 reserving only D. Alfonso de Sande whom after sending an account to the King of his barbarity he inhumanly tyed to the mouth of a Canon and giving fire to it shattered his body into atoms Antony Soarez might have been faithfull to his King without committing an act so full of horror which he himself could not but have abominated if committed by the most barbarous Infidels and which cannot but appear execrable in the sight of all that profess the name of Christians 3. The Portuguese Affairs in other parts of Europe continued much in the same posture we left them For the several proposalls made in France for concluding a League offensive and defensive all came to nothing Nothing of moment done in forreign courts or at Tangier Nor could there any thing be done at Rome the Pope being fully bent against passing the Bulls for the Portuguese Bishops The Dutch had resolved to revenge the Loss of Pernambuco upon the Trade of Portugal but the plague which raged amongst them disappointed their designs In England the Peace was concluded and ratifyed with the Usurper America yield us no subject for History since the Expulsion of the Hollanders out of Brazil where the Count de Atouguia was supream governour Neither is there much to be said of Africk where D. Roderick de Alencastre still Governed Tangier which was this year Three days beset by 10000 Moors under the Command of Gaylan who did no other harm save the spoiling of some gardens D. Francis de Noronha Governour of Mazagao having obtained leave to return home left that Command to Nuno da Cunha who had held it before and he dying the King sent Alexander de Sousa Freyre to succeed him 4. The Count de Sarzedas was sent this Year Vice-Roy into India Considerable losses of the Portugueses in India who arriving at Goa secured D. Bras de Castro and all those that had any hand in the imprisonment of the Count de Obides sending them to Portugal there to receive the punishment due to their crimes He next applyed himself with great care to regulating all disorders in that government and to releive Ceilon then in distress but death cut him off in the midst of his progress which we may conclude to be the principall cause of the loss of that Island the manner whereof we are now to declare tho' the surrender was not tilâ— the following year 1656. At the beginning of this Year Gaspar Figuegra de Serpa had waged War so successfully upon the King of Candia that he had reduced him to Peace The Dutch layed siege to Calature and continued before it 10 days at the End whereof finding themselves too weak to carry it they departed Before D. Bras de Castro was deposed from the government of India he sent Antony de Sousa to succeed Francis de Mello in the Government of Ceilon with Six Galliots and Two pinks laden with provisions and other necessaries Meeting Two Dutch Men of War these small Vessels were dispersed Two of them ran ashore two made their way to Columbo and Antony de Sousa with Two more got into Jafanapatan Thence he went by Sea to the Port Putelao 15 Leagues from Columbo where Antony Mendez Aranha met and conducted him safe by Land to that City into which he was received with great joy and Francis de Mello put him in possession of the government Twelve Dutch Men of War arrived at Ceilon from Batavia Six of them lay before the Barr of Columbo the other Six made their way to Calature where Landing their men they layed Seige to it and the place being very ill provided after the Garrison had endured the utmost Extremities it was at last surrendred upon honourable Termes Gaspar Figueyra de Serpa not knowing that Calature was lost advanced with 500 Portugueses to endeavour to put some succour into it but being attacked by 1600 Dutch was totally routed and many of his men killed The Hollanders pursuing their Victory came and sate down before Columbo raised Four batteries and playing continually with 12 peices of heavy Canon ruined not only the houses but the works of the Town and gave a furious assault to the Fort Sancta Cruz yet without success for they were repulsed with considerable Loss At the same time severall other attacks were carryed on with great obstinacy insomuch that at last
K. John III. p. 332 K Charles I. of England then Prince of Wales in Spain p. 367 Chindasuindus possesses himself of the Kingdom by force p. 100 K. Chintila holds two Synods p. 100 Christian and Moorish Armies Engage p. 346 Christian Dominions in Spain divided betwixt the two Sons of K. Alonso p. 123 Church setled p. 80 Church of St. James the Apostle in Galicia Dedicated p. 123 Cincinnatus succeeds Caesar p. 60 City Braga founded by the Carthaginians p. 19 City Mirtiry built by the Tyrians p. 21 Civil Broils p. 132 Civil War in Portugal p. 282 Citadel taken from the Spaniards p. 397 Conspirators incense the People against the Spaniards p. 392 Resolve to put their designs in Execution p. 387 Meet and execute their design p. 395 Their Deputies confer with the Duke at Almada p. 388 Claudius and Aurelianus Emperors p. 80 Claudius and Nero Emperors p. 75 Clergy joyns in Rebellion with the Laity p. 189 Cneus and Sextus the two Sons of Pompey in Spain p. 62. Coimbra taken by the Advice and Assistance of the Monks of Lorvan p. 144 Columbus after discovering America arrives at Lisbon p. 308 Combat betwixt two Women p. 267 Common complaints when subjects will rebel p. 186 Complaints made to the Pope and all things adjusted p. 186 Condition of Portugal p. 381 Considerable losses of the Portuguese in India p. 485 Conspiracy against the King of Castile discovered p. 258 Against the Protector p. 261 Against the New King John p. 403 To seize Cartagena p. 416 Against King Alonso VI. p. 544 Constantine the Great p. 80 Conti seized by the faction and sent to Brazil p. 536 Is recalled from Brazil but Banished the Court privately Meets the King p. 543 Conversion of Lusitanians from Arianism p. 94 Corocoâ—a a famous Robber p. 71 Cortes meet and instead of settling Peace widen the breach p. 280 Meet again p. 415 436 and 563. First Council of Braga p. 83 Council and magistrates of Lisbon combine with the Infante p. 553 Counterfeits personate King Sebastian p. 348 and 367 Count S. Lorerco his Actions in Alentejo p. 452 Crassus destroys near 40000 Spaniards p. 61 Croisade brought into Portugal p. 287 Customs of the Inhabitants p. 17 D. DEath of Prince Philip the Empress and others p. 333 Debates about proclaiming the Protector p. 261 K. Denis his Birth and Succession to the Crown He marries Elizabeth Daughter of Peter King of Aragon p. 209 Has differences with his Brother Alonso p. 210 Enters Castile the second time p. 211 Is chosen mediator betwixt the King of Castile and the lawful Heir then banished p. 213 An unjust sentence given by him against the rightful Heir p. 214 He is at variance with his Son p. 215 His structure and other Works p. 217 His Wife and Issue p. 218 Denis Son to K. Peter enters Portugal with an Army p. 269 Design to murder K. John p. 441 Differences betwixt Castile and Portugal composed by the Pope p. 195 In the Cortes about ransoming Prince Ferdinand p. 278 Adjusted p. 568 Discoveries in North America p. 319 Dolabella again subdues the Lusitanians p. 44 Double Treachery p. 484 Duke de Alva with the Spanish Forces draws near to Lisbon He passes the River Tagus p. 358 The Forts upon the River taken by him p. 359 Duke of Braganza refuses to go into Castile Is made General p. 364 Duke of Lancaster invited by the Portuguese Lands in Galicia with 2000 Horse and 3000 Archers p. 269 He meets K. John P. Henry of Castile marries his Daughter p. 266 Duke of Medina Sidonia being suspected in Spain Challenges K. John p. 408 Dutch contrary to Faith given take several places in India p. 425 In Brazil receive succours p. 437 Beaten out of Angola in Africk p. 449 Prepare to make War upon Portugal p. 454 In Brazil p. 376 They take the Capital City called Baja. p. 377 Other Actions of theirs after taking Baja. p. 378 E. EArthquakes p. 57 and 332 Earthquakes Inundations and Storms for 8 years p. 178 Eclipse of the Sun p. 245 K. Edw. holds a Parliament His Expedition to Tangier p. 276 He dies of the Plague p. 278 His issue p. 279 P. Edward his Birth p. 274 P. Edw. contracted to Ellenor Sister to Alonso K. of Aragon p. 272 Edward Brother to K. John IV. p. 435 Effects of love p. 142 Egica King p. 106 Q. Elizabeth's provocations and K. Philip's design against her p. 369 Ellenor II. Daughter to King Alonso married to Peter King of Aragon p. 227 Q. Ellenor flies to Castile p. 256 Princess Ellenor contracted to the Emperor Frederick III. p. 286 Elvas and other places delivered to K. Philip. p. 356 K. Emanuel his Birth and descent He is proclaimed King p. 313 Marries Elizabeth Widow of the late Prince Alonso p. 315 Then Marries the Sister of his last Queen Sends succours to the Venetians against the Turks p. 316 Founds the Monastery of Belem p. 317 His Queen delivered of a Son p. 318 He receives the Order of the Garter from K. Henry VIII of England Punishes his Lord Steward for his Cruelty to a Servant p. 322 His Eighth Son Born p. 323 Birth of his Tenth Child and Death of his Queen p. 324 He Marries again p. 325 His Death His Structures and other Works p. 327 His Wives and Issue p. 328 Embassadors sent to all Courts of Europe p. 401 Embassadors of Castile sent away without Answer p. 281 Emerita Augusta now Merida Founded by Augustus p. 69 Endeavours used for obtaining of Bishops but in vain p. 470 Endeca Usurps the Crown of Portugal p. 96 He is Deposed and shorn a Monk by Leovigildus the Goth. p. 97 Engagements by Sea p. 172 and 337 English and Portugueses take Towns in Castile p. 248 Enterprizes on the Frontiers of Alentejo p. 462 C. Ericeira succeeds D. Roderick de Castro in the Government of Tangier p. 489 Ervigius succeeds Wamba p. 105 His Actions p. 106 Exploits in India p. 342 F. FAbius Maximus defeats the Spanish Army and kills Curius their General p 38 Fabulous's relation p. 161 Faction levelled against the Favourite p. 551 Faithless proceedings of the Dutch in Brazil p. 429 False Sebastian executed p. 368 Famine in Portugal p. 318 Famous Battle of Aljubarata p. 263 The Account given of it by the Spanish Historians p. 264 Favila succeeds Pelagius p. 114 K. Ferdinand of Navarre kills K. Bermudo and becomes sole Monarch of Castile Leon Portugal Galicia and Navarre p. 141 He is called the Great His Conquests over the Infidels p. 143 Dying divides his Dominions p. 145 Ferdinand King of Portugal his Birth He engages in War against Castile p. 236 Enters into League with the Moorish King of Granada p. 237 Marries the Lady Ellenor divorced from her Husband p. 241 Joyns in League with John of Gaunt against Castile p. 242 Enters into League with the King of Castile against him of Aragon p. 244 Underhand treats with the Dukes of