where his servant stood as prisoner and commanded him to be ungived and set at liberty William Gascoigne the chief Justice of the Kings Bench exhorted the Prince to be ordered according to the ancient Laws of the Realm or if he would have him saved from the rigour of the Laws that he should obtain if he might of the King his father his gracious pardon whereby no Law or justice should be impeached With which answer the Prince being more inflamed endeavoured himself to take away his servant The Judge considering the perillous example and inconvenience that might thereby ensue with a valiant courage and spirit commanded the Prince upon his allegiance to leave the prisoner and to depart his way with which commandement the Prince being set all in a fury in a terrible manner came up to the place of judgement some thinking that he would have slain the Judge or have done him some hurt but the Judge sitting still without moving declaring the majesty of the Kings place of judgement and with an assured bold countenance spake thus to the Prince Sir remember your self I keep here the place of the King your soveraign Lord and Father to whom you owe double obeysance wherefore in his name I charge you desist from your wilfulness and unlawfull enterprise and from henceforth give good example to those which after shall be your proper Subjects 〈◊〉 and now for your contempt and disobedience go you to the prison of the Kings Bench whereto I commit you and remaine you there prisoner untill the pleasure of the King your Father be further known With which wordes being abashed and also wondering at the marvellous gravity of that worshipfull Justice the Prince laying his weapon apart doing reverence departed and went to the Kings Bench as he was commanded whereat his servants disdaining came and shewed to the King all the whole affair He a while studying after as a man all ravished with gladness holding his hands and eyes towards heaven cried out with a loud voice O mercifull God how much am I bound to thy infinite goodness â—ffâ—ecially for that thou hast given me a Iudge who feareth not to minister justice and also a sin who can suffer semblably and obey justice Sir Thomas Eliot in his Governour saith here a man may behold three persons worthy memory First a Judge who being a Subject feared not to execute justice on the eldest son of his soveraign Lord and by order of nature his successor Also a Prince son and heir of the King in the midst of his folly more considered his evil example and the Judges conscience in justice then his own estate and wilfull appetito Thirdly a noble King and wise father who contrary to the custome of parents rejoyced to see his son and the heir of his Crown to be for his disobedience by his Subject corrected The Oath ex officio it should rather be called in officiosum was brought into the Church under him The Prelates requiring it to discover those which that age esteemed Hereticks and especially those which they called Lollards which Master Fox in his Acts and Monuments calls a bloudy Law In his admonition to his son at his death he said Of English men so long as they have wealth and riches so long shalt thou have obeysance but when they be poor they are alwayes ready to make insurrection at every motion All the time of his sickness his will was to have his Crown set upon his Bolster by him and one of his fits being so strong upon him that all men thought him directly dead the Prince coming in took away the Crown when suddenly the King recovering his senses missed his Crown and asking for it was told the Prince had taken it whereupon the Prince being called came back with the Crown and kneeling down said Sir to all our judgements and to all our griefs you seemed directly dead and therefore I took the Crown as being my right but seeing to all our comforts you live I here deliver it much more joyfully then I took it and pray God you may long live to wear it your self In his time were the two famous Poets Chaucer and Gower None of the sons of Henry the fourth did degenerate a thing not usuall in so large a family Henry the fifth died gloriously in the pursuit of his conquests the Duke of Clarence valiantly fighting and though of a naturall death and Glocester of a violent yet died they not with less fame then did the others Biondi his History of the Civil Warres of England l. 5. in Henry the sixth The Duke of Bedfords death is to be numbred among the chiefest causes of the loss of France He was a prudent Prince of long experience in Arms and Government obeyed by his own feared by his enemies Id. ibid. Fourth Henry was by some blind Bard foretold That he should never die till he had seen Ierusalem fourth Henry will be old Ierusalem for him shall be unseen No he shall see it when he least doth ween He swouns at prayers and by religious men Is straight convey'd unto Ierusalem Sir Francis Huberts History of Edward the second The like Prophesie we read of Pope Sylvester the second to whom being inquisitive for the time and place where he should die it was answered that he should die in Ierusalem who then saying Mass in a Chappell called likewise Ierusalem perceived his end there to be near and died In this Kings time Guild-Hall in London was built Gower being very gracious with him carried the name of the only Poet in his time He and Chaucer were Knights The King died in Ierusalem-Chamber in minster in the year of his age forty six He raigned thirteen years and a half wanting five dayes Fourteen years say others CHAP. XIX HENRY the fifth HE was just wise magnanimous valiant To this noble Prince by an assent of the Parliament all the Estates of the Realm after three dayes offered to do fealty before he was crowned or had solemnized his Oath well and justly to govern the Commonweal which offer before was never found to be made to any Prince of England Stowes Chron. His young years were spent in literature in the Academy of Oxford where in Queens-Colledge he was a Student under the tuition of his Uncle Henry Beauford Chancellour of that University When he came to be King he made Thomas Rodban a famous Astronomer in those dayes Bishop of St. Davids and Iohn Carpenter a learned Divine Bishop of Worcester having known them both whilest he lived in the University The Civil Wars of England by Sir Francis Biondi Presently after his Coronation he called before him all his old companions who had been disorderly with him strictly charging them not to presume to come within ten miles of his Court untill such time as they had given good proof of their amendment in manners and left any of them should pretend want of maintenance
and speech encouraged both Commanders and souldiers saying to them as I have heard If her brother Philip came she would give fire to the first Piece against him I might alledge the testimony of your greatest enemy in confirmation of your Majesties valour at Worcester-battle Kings bear a double image of God as they are men and as they are Magistrates The Scripture saith Those which rule over men should be just ruling in the fear of God One saith They should labour to be more religious and pious toward God than ordinary persons because of the great need they have of his illumination in their counsels of his conduct in their enterprises of his force in their executions and of his provident care in their various occurrents dangers difficulties The Kings seat was so set in the Temple that all might see him there Ezek. 46. 10. 2 Chron. 6. 12 13. 2 King 11. 14. 23. 3. that by his example the devotion of his people might be stirred up God having done such great things both abroad and at home for your Majesty expecteth great things from you I shall humbly implore the Almighty that he would so guide you in all your wayes that you may make his Interest your great interest by reforming what is amiss in Court and Kingdom by promoting his pure worship encouraging the power of godliness and all such as walk according to Scripture-rule are peaceable and hold the Fundamentals by discountenancing Atheisme errour and profaneness the fruits of abused peace and prosperity altering the old speech for the better Exeat aula Qui vult esse pius into impius So shall White-Hall answer its name and your Majesty approve your self to be what your Father desired Charles the Good which is the earnest prayer of Your Majesties most humbly devoted and Loyall subject Edward Leigh TO THE CURTEOUS AND CANDID READER Reader I Here present thee with Choice Observations of all the Kings of England I suppose the Subject will not be unpleasing to an Englishman if the work be answerable to the Title I have excerped my Materials out of the best Latine Writers the Monks to whom we are especially beholding for the History of our Kings of England and chiefest English Chroniclers and Annalists and such as have written of a few or any one of our English Princes Bedes Historia Gentis Anglorum set out by Wheelock of whom Petavius in his History of the world lib. 8. cap. 4. saith thus Bede made his Brittain famous with no lesse Godlinesse and Learning than History who even unto the year 735 hath concluded the Christian beginnings of that Nation Rerum Anglicarum Scriptores post Bedam praecipui in Latine in folio set out by Sr Henry Savill containing the History of Gulielmus Malmesburiensis Henry Huntington Roger Hoveden and others Anglica Normannica Hibernica Cambrica a veteribus Scripta in Latine also in Folio put out by Camden Matthew Paris his Works set out by Dr Watts who is a faithfull Historian and hath written the Reigns of the first seven Kings after the Conquest Of the English Chroniclers Speed Martin and Baker seem to be the best Voluminous Hollingshead Stow and How are not much esteemed by the Learned Sr John Hayward hath written well of the three Norman Kings and Edward the sixth he hath written briefly also of Henry the eourth Godwin of Henry the eighth Edward the sixth and Queen Mary and also of the Bishops of England in Latine and English Sr Robert Cotton of Henry the third Habington of Edward the fourth Sr Thomas More of Richard the third both in Latine and English and Buck my Lord Bacon excellently of Henry the seventh my Lord Herbert of Henry the eighth Camden Annals of Queen Elizabeth and Dr Heylin as is said of King Charles the first History is both pleasing and profitable especially the memorable things of all our own Kings and Governours who have for so many years Raigned amongst us Examples of Superiours especially are very prevalent which of the Rulers believed in him One saith if King Edward the sixth had lived a little longer his only example had bred such a Race of worthy learned Gentlemen as this Realm never yet did afford Here are examples of all sorts good and bad to be followed and eschewed Some loose vain and licentious others learned wise valiant minding the publick welfare of the Nation The Pope could but little prevaile here in England during the Raign of King Edward the third and Richard the second Henry the eighth cast him out then when he had too great power and command over other Princes As he cast out the Pope so did his children Edward the sixth and Queen Elizabeth cast out Popery out of England and so freed us from his spirituall bondage as the other did from his Temporall May their memory be therefore still precious amongst us as the Reformation we enjoy chiefly by their means is a singular blessing Let Him be accounted our English Josias and Her our English Deborah on whom those Verses were made Spains Rod Romes Ruine Netherlands Relief Earths Joy Englands Gem Worlds Wonder Natures chief Prince Henry likewise eldest Son to King James was a virtuous and hopefull Prince had he not been taken away in the flower of his youth he would its thought have much opposed the Pope and Spaniard I have read somewhere of him that he would not swear no not at his Sports and Recreation and being demanded the reason tâ—ereof he said they were not of that weight as to draw an oath from him I hope therefore this Nation having had such worthy Princes and not being ignorant of the slavery they formerly indured when the Pope called England his Ass will never be so foolish as to turn back again into Egypt As long as Mr Foxe his Martyrology is so common to be read eighty eight and the fifth of November are so fresh in our remembrance let us valew the losse of Rome here amongst us no more than that Emperour Honorius did of whom Zonaras writes that he had a Hen called Roma and it being told him Rome was last he was troubled and said She was here even now yea said the other the Hen is here but the City is lost he was then well pleased Our Countriman Beda hath prophetically expounded that Roman S. P. Q. R. of our Englishmen travelling to Rome Stulâ—us Populus Quaerit Roman Though perhaps in some cases one may go too far from Rome yet since some of our Bishops formerly have written well against Antichrist and others have made the Pope to be Antichrist and since also the Iesuites are still busie amongst us I wish there may be no unwarrantable compliance either with the Romish Doctrine or Rites Thomas Lever who Preached before King Edward the sixth and escaped the fury of Queen Maries dayes is commended by Bullinger in his Epistle to Hooper He was the first
overlaid Well then said the King return and tell them who sent you That so long at my son is alive they send no more to me whatever happen for I will that the honour of the day be his And so at last the English obtained the greatest victory they ever yet had against the French There were there found the dead bodies of eleven great Princes and of Barons Knights and men of Arms above one thousand and five hundred of the Commons above thirty thousand Not one man of honour or note slain upon the English side King Edward after the Battell aftectionately embracing and kissing his victorious son said Fair son God send you good perseverance to so prosperous beg innings you have nobly acquit your self and are well worthy to have the governance of a Kingdome entrusted to you for your valour Sir Eustace Rihamant in the encounter at Calis-Gate between Sir Walter Manny and the Lord Charney met with King Edward who disguising himself in common armour served under the banner of Sir Walter Manny and fought so stoutly with him that he stroke the King twice down on his knees but in the end the King took him prisoner and then he yeelded his Sword to the King but knowing what he was said thus Sir Knight I yeeld me as your prisoner upon which cause the King came after supper to him and with a merry countenance said thus to the Knight Sir Eustace you are the Knight in the world that I have seen most valiant either in assault of enemies or defence of himself I never â—ound Knight that gave so much ado body to body as ye have done this day wheâ—efore I give you the prize above all the Knights of my Court by right sentence and herewithall the King being bare-headed having a Chaplet of fine pearls that he ware on his head took the same Chaplet from off his head being fair goodly and rich and said to the Knight I give you this Chaplet for the best doer in Arms in this journey past of either party and I desire you to bear it this year for the love of me I know well you be fresh and amorous and oftentimes are among doubty Knights and fair Ladies yet say wheresoever ye come that the King of England did give it you and I quite your prison and ransome depart to morrow if it please you whereupon the Knight did not only wear the same Chaplet in remembrance of so gracious a benevolence of so worthy a Prince but also did bear after in his Arms three Chaplets garnished of pearls Fern his Glory of Generosity p. 210 211. Mr. Wren in his Monarchy asserted p. 125. saith The successes of the English in France alwayes followed the person of the Prince with us Edward the third and Henry the fifth wise and valiant Princes gaining Richard the second and Henry the sixth weak Princes losing with them Iohn and Charles the sixth men of no ability losing Charles the fifth and Charles the seventh brave Princes recovering Edward the black Prince of Wales who so long governed our Countrey of Guienne a man whose conditions and fortune were accompanied with many notable parts of worth and magnanimity having been grievously offended by the Limosins though he by main force took and entered their City could by no means be appeased nor by the wailfull out-cries of all sorts of people as of men women and children be moved to any pitty they prostrating themselves to the common slaughter crying for mercy and humbly submitting themselves at his feet untill such time as in triumphant manner passing through their City he perceived three French Gentlemen who alone with an incredible and undaunted boldness gainstood the enraged violence and made head against the fury of his victorious Army The consideration and respect of so notable a vertue did first abate the dint of his wrath and from these three began he to relent and shew mercy to all the other inhabitants of the Town Michael Lord of Montaigne his Essayes l. 1. c. 1. Having had great victories against the French and other neighbouring Nations he instituted the Order of the Garter and consecrated it to St. George He appointed a Garter to be the Ensign of this Order wrought richly with gold and precious stones which should circle the leg beneath the knee and on it to have these words apparently discerned Honi Soit Qui Mal Y â—ense Shame to him which evil thinks The number of these Knights are twenty six whereof the King himself is the chief These Knights wear the Ensign of Saint George fighting with a Dragon fastened to a rich Chain or Collar which weighed and was worth eighty pounds of English money See Montaigne his Essayes l. 2. c. 7. of the words of honour About this time the famous Dr. Iohn Wicklef a man of sharp wit profound learning and of great judgement did in the University of Oxford publickly maintain sundry Propositions and dogmaticall points against the Church of Rome His followers were in the phrase of those dark dayes called Lollards whereas in truth they endeavoured to extirpate all pernicious weeds which through time sloath and fraud had crept into the field of Gods Church Such was this Kings courtesie friendly behaviour toward the two captive Kings of France and Scotland while they remained together in England as that hereby he won their love and favour for ever after as appeared by their repair hither to visit the King and Queen and to recreate and solace themselves in their company Thus it came to pass that their captivity here turned more to their own advantage and the peaceable enjoying of their estates after the same then if it had never hapned unto them Mr. Thomas May wrote his victorious Raign in Verse in seven Books He raigned almost one and fifty yeares and lived about sixty five who of all the Kings of the Realm saith Mr. Fâ—x unto Henry the eight was the greatest bridler of the Popes usurped power whereby Iohn Wicklef was maintained with aid sufficient CHAP. XVIII RICHARD the second HE descended from four Edwards of which the first three were succeeding Kings the fourth Prince of Wales sirnamed the black Prince who dying before his father Edward the third did not attain the Crown The Civil Warres of England by Sir Francis Bâ—ondi an Italian He was crowned in the eleventh year of his age and sufficiently shewed the miserable condition of such States as are governed by an Infant King He was the goodliest personage of all the Kings that had been since the conquest The beautifull picture of a King sighing crowned in a Chair of Estate at the upper end of the Quire in St. Peters at Westminster is said to be of him which witnesseth how goodly a creature he was ilâ— outward lineaments Speed He had nothing worthy his great fortunes but his great birth When he had with full hand bestowed upon Simâ—â—â— Montford Earl of Leicester
should dispossess his children of the Crown was consenting to his death interpreting G. to be George Duke of Clarence which fell out to be Glocester to whose tyranny he left them by this ungodly means He vanquished in nine Battels himself being present The Scene of his fortune had more changes then any King of England yet except his Competitor Lust was reputed his bosome-sin God severely punisht him in his sons who were both dispossest of their Kingdome and their lives by their unnaturall Uncle there being so much appearance of right by their fathers incontinency that even an Act of Parliament was made to bastardize them He was the first of our Kings since the Conquest that married his Subject His usuall Oath was By Gods blessed Lady He sate on the Kings Bench in open Court three dayes together in Michaelmas Term anno 〈◊〉 of his Raign to understand how his Laws were executed Have we not seen the late King of England Edward the fourth of that name heir of the house of Yorke utterly destroy the house of Lancaster under the which both his father and he had lived many yeares Farther the said King Edward having done homage to King Henry the sixth being of the house of Lancaster did he not afterward hold him prisoner many years in the Tower of London the chief City of the Realm where in the end he was put to death Phil. de Commines hist. l. 5. c. 18. He saith that their King Lewis the eleventh of France in wisdome and sense far surmounted King Edward Lib. 6. c. 2. and l. 5. c. 13. he saith of Lewis undoubtedly he was one of the wisest and subtilest Princes that lived in his time That very day wherein an honourable peace was concluded between Edward the fourth and King Lewis the eleventh upon subscribed Articles it chanced a white Dove as Commines writes to repose her self upon King Edwards pavilion whereupon though many gathered an argument yet since she sate not equally between both the Kings I like much better of a Gascoines observation who having been present at the sight reported unto Philipde Commines as himself records that the Dove repaired to King Edwards Tent only to this intent to refresh and prune her self after a great rain because the Sun was warmest there Howards Defensative c. 24. Richard Nevill Earl of Warwicke was a man of an undaunted courage but wavering and untrusty the very Tennice-Ball in some sort of fortune who although he were no King was above Kings as who deposed King Henry the sixth a most bountifull Price to him from his royall dignity placed Edward the fourth in the royall Throne and afterwards put him down too restored Henry the sixth again to the Kingdome enwrapped England within the most wofull and lamentable flames of Civill War which himself at the length hardly quenched with his own bloud In his spirit birth marriage and revenue he was mighty which raised his thoughts above proportion The greatest and busiest Subject our later age hath brought forth That make-King Warwick having the English Crown Pinn'd on his sleeve to place where he thought best Who set up Princes and did pull them down How did he toyl the Land with his unrest How did his Sword rip up his mothers brests Whose greatness and his popularity Wrought both his own and others tragedy Sir Francis Huberts History of Edward the second Cecil Dutchess of Yorke his mother lived in Henry the sevenths Raign and died at her Castle of Barkhamsted being of extream years who had lived to see three Princes of her body crowned and four murthered He being near his death told his friends that if he could as well have foreseen things as now to his pain he proved them he would never have worn the courtesie of mens knees with the loss of so many heads He raigned two and twenty yeares one moneth and five dayes EDWARD the fifth He was scarce eleven years old when his father died and succeeded him in the Kingdome but not in the Crown for he was proclaimed King but never crowned and indeed it may not so properly be called the Raign of Edward the fifth as the tyranny of Richard the third He hearing that his Uncle had left the name of Protector and taken upon him the title of King and was with full consenting of the Lords to be crowned within a few dayes following with the same Crown and in the like Estate as had been provided for his solemnity the dejected Innocent sighed and said Alass I would my Vncle would let me enjoy my life yet though I lose both my Kingdome and Crown He and his brother Richard were murthered in the Tower Tâ—win brethren in their deaths what had they done O Richard sees a fault that they were in It is not actuall but a mortall one They Princes were 't was their original sin Why should so sweet a pair of Princes lack Their Innocents-day in th' English Almanack Aleyns History of Henry the seventh RICHARD the third He was king in fact only but Tyrant both in title and regiment He was ill featured of limmes crook-backed hard favoured of visage malicious wrathfull envious It is for truth reported that the Dutchess his mother had so much ado in her travail that she could not be delivered of him uncut and that he came into the world with the feet forward and as the same runneth also not untoothed whether men of hatred report above the truth or else that nature changed her course in his beginning which in the course of his life committed many things unnaturally Buck that writes his Raign writes favourably of him but the Chroniclers generally condemn him He was brother to King Edward the fourth and having most wickedly murthered his Nephews usurped the Kingdome by the name of King Richard the third and after two years lost both it and his life in a pitched field He slew with his own hands King Henry the sixth being prisoner in the Tower as men constantly said and that without commandement or knowledge of King Edward the fourth who undoubtedly if he had intended his death would have appointed that Butcherly office to some other then his own brother He slew also that Kings son in the presence of Edward the fourth Was the contriver of the death of the Duke of Clarence his brother He bare a white Bore for his Cognisance The Lord Lovell Sir Richard Ratcliffe and Sir William Catesby were chief rulers under him of the which persons was made a seditious Rime and fastened upon the Cross in Cheapside and other places of the City It was this The Cat the Rat and Lovell the Dog Rule all England under a Hog For which one Colingborne was executed A Prince who deserved to be ranked among the worst men and the best Kings Yet Sir Francis Bacon in his History of Henry the seventh saith that his good Laws were but the brocage of an usurper
ready to give accompt to God for the abunâ—ance of bloud already spilt and knew he was no longer able to live he imprisoned the Duke of Norfolk the father signed a Warrant for the execution of the Earl of Surrey his son within nine dayes after he himself expired Unto a stately great outlandish Dame A messenger from our King Henry came Henry of famous memory the eight To treat with her in matter of great weight As namely how the King did seek her marriage Because of her great vertue and goâ—d carriage She that had heard the King lov'd change of pasture Repli'd I humbly thank the King your master And would such love his same in me hath bred My body venter so but not my head Sir Iohn Harringtons Epigrams Maximilian the Emperour was retained by him as his souldier He not only wore the Cross of St. George but received his pay duely viz. a hundred Crowns per diem L. Herbert in Hen. the 8 ths life Sub Rege Anglorum magnus meret Induperator Germanique truces duro gens strenua bello Oclandi Anglorum praelia The Raign of this King continued with great nobleness and fame the space of thirty eight years During whose time and Raign was great alteration of things as well to the Civil State of the Realm as especially to the State Ecclesiasticall and matters to the Church appertaining For by him was exiled and abolished out of the Realm the usurped power of the Bishop of Rome idolatry and superstition somewhat repressed images defaced Abbeys and Monasteries pulled down sects of Religion rooted out Scriptures reduced to the knowledge of the vulgar tongues and the state of the Church and Religion redressed Fox his Acts and Monuments vol. 2. p. 63. See B. Bedells Examinat of Wadsworths motives c. 10. He was much addicted to the reading of Thomas Aquinas and was therefore as some think called by Luther Thomisticus acerrimus ingeniorum aestimator Had. Jun. Epist. D. Dilso He wrote a volume against Luther in defence of Pardons the Papacy and the supposed seven Sacraments Of this Work the original is yet remaining in the Vatican at Rome and with his own hand thus inscrib'd Anglorum Rex Henricus Leoni 10. mittit hoc opus fidei testem amicitiae Whereupon saith Sleidan Pontifex honorisicum Regi cognomen tribuit Defensorem appellans Ecclesiae which is the same with Defender of the faith This title was given him about the twelfth year of his Raign Vide Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 27. p. 664. His fool coming unto the Court and finding the King transported with an unusuall joy boldly asked him the cause thereof To whom the King answered It was because the Pope honoured him with a stile more eminent then any of his Ancestors Good Harry quoth he let thou and I defend one another and let the faith alone to defend it self Fisher was not the Author of King Henry his Book against Luther as Sanders and Bellarmine will have it nor Sir Thomas More as others say though I doubt not but they might both revise it by the Kings favour and where it was needfull also interpose their judgement Many thought that was compiled by Sir Thomas More some by the Bishop of Rochester and others not without cause suspected it to be the work of some other great Scholar Godwins Annals of England The Pope excommunicating him he fell off from the Pope Luther in an Epistle to the King saith thus Verum etiam quód fide dignis testibue didici libellum sub majestatis tuae nomine in me editum non esse Regis Angliae ut videri volebant subdoli sophistae qui majestatis tuae titulo abusi non senserunt quantum sibi ipsis periculum in Regia ignominia pararent praesertim illud monstrum publicum odium Dei hominum Cardinalis Eboracensis pestis illa regni tui The King in his Answer to this Epistle affirms it to be his Iam quantumviâ— te fingas credere editum à me libellum non esse meum sed meo nomine subornatum à sophistis subdolis tamen meum esse multi majori fide digni quà m sunt tuâ illi fide digni testes cognoscunt ego quanto tibi minus placet tanto magis libenter agnosco He caused to be put into the Liturgy Ab Episcopi Romani tyrannide detestandis enormitatibius libera nos Domine heroica animi magnitudine imbelles pontificum bullas instatas execrationibus buccas despicatui habuit Renigerus de Pii quinti Gregorii decimi tertii Romanorum pontificum furoribus He thrust out the Popes Supremacy that he might be revenged of the Pope who would not allow of his divorce from his first wife but he continued much of the Popish Religion and made six Articles called a whip with six strings which were the death of many godly men being perswaded thereto by Bishop Gardiner There is a story of one who seeing then both Papists hanged for traytors because they opposed the Kings Supremacy and Protestants burned for hereticks in regard they denied the six Articles cried out What Religion is there here in England whereupon one asked him What Religion he was of he answered He was of the Kings Religion Nor was that boysterous King so much to blame in dissolving materiall Temples or houses rather abused then consecrated to superstition as he was after this Reformation if so it may be called in destroying so many living Temples of God which sought not the dissolution of his Kingdome nor any other Reformation of him and his people save only the clearing and purifying of their hearts and brests which had been consecrated unto Gods service from the infection of Romish superstition and idolatry Dr. Iacksons Commentary on the Creed l. 11. c. 38. He was counted the common Umpire of Christendome He exceeded all his Progenitors in setting up sumptuous houses He confirmed Christ-Church in Oxford and erected Trinity-Colledge in Cambridge The professors of the Hebrew and Greek tongues were first instituted by him in both the Universities Sit Rich. Bakers Chron. In running at Tilt and such exercises he overcame the rest Cum lectissimi equites Cataphracti in ludâ—cro spectaculo infestis hastis concurrerent tanta arte id bellici vigoris munus implebat ut ei proposita victoribus prâ—mia integra populi judicio saepissimé deferrentur Paul Jov. Brit. descript He could not only sing his part but of himself compose a Service of four five and six parts Eras. in farrag in Epist. Finding fault with the disagreement of Preachers he would often say Some are too stiffe in their old Mumpsimus and others too busie and curious in their new Sumpsimus King Ine out of his devotion to the See of Rome enjoyned every one of his Subjects that possessed in his house of any one kind of goods to the value of nineteen penes to
end kept a most judicious Journall of all the most principall passages of the affairs of his estate Inclytus Edvardus formatus ab ubere matris Confestim doctis à praeceptoribus artes Ingenuas omnes didicit qui Graeca Latinis Adjungens studio paucis profecerat annis Ut foret inferior nulli quem terra Britanna Protulerat claro magnorum ex stemmate Regum Nullus adaequari posset si flexilis â—tas In puero egresso nondum tria lustra duosque Annos ingenii aut praecox spectetur acumen Quantum ad doctrinas virtutesque attinet almas Ille erat Europae Phoenix quem funere acerbo Ut flos vere novo viridanti carpitur horto Sustulit ante diem mors immatura Britannis Invidet haec terris pietatem jura colentes Oclandi Anglorum praelia In his childhood being about to take down something which seemed to be above his reach one of his fellowes offered him a bossed plated Bible to stand upon and heighten him for taking that which he desired But he perceiving it to be a Bible with holy indignation resused it and sharply reproved him that made the offer A strong assurance of that dear esteem and veneration in which he held that sacred Book in his riper years Dr. Heylins History of Edward the sixth He hath this observation in his Diary the originall of which is in the hands of Sir Thomas Cotton At the sixth year of my age I was brought up in learning by Dr. Coxe who was after my Almner and John Cheek Master of Arts two well learned men who sought to bring me up in learning of tongues of the Scripture of Philosophy and all liberall Sciences Also John Belmain French man did teach me the French tongue He was annointed King at Westminster by Thomas Cranmer Archbishop of Canterbury being of the age of nine years A Prince of great devotion constancy of mind love of the truth and incredibly studious Godwins Annals of England He knew all the principall Ports in England Scotland Ireland France and other Countries not far distant how they lay when the tide served what vessels of burden they could receive and what winds served for entrance He reformed Religion He caused Images and all monuments of Idolatry to be destroyed and a great Bible in English to be set up in every Church He was in body beautifull of a sweet aspect and specially in his eyes which seemed to have a starry liveliness and lustre in them He would answer Embassadors sometime upon the suddain either in French or Latin He could call all Gentlemen of account through his Kingdome by their names When Ioan Butcher a blasphemous Heretick was to be burned all the Counsell could not procure him to set his hand to the Warrant Wherefore they employed Thomas Cranmer Archbishop of Canterbury to deal privily with him for his subscription But the King remained firm both in reason and resolution affirming that he would not drive her headlong to the Devil but because Hereticks for the most part have a strain of madness he thought it best to apply her with some corporall chastisements which with respite of time might happily reduce her to good order The Archbishop was violent both by perswasions and entreaties and when with meer importunity he had prevailed the King in subscribing his name said that he would lay all the charge thereof upon the Archbishop before God Not many years passed but this Archbishop also felt the smart of the fire and it may be that by his importunity for bloud he did offend for a good thing is not good if it be immoderately desired A Miller who had been busie in rebellion against the King knowing the danger willed his man to take the name of the master if any enquired after him Sir Anthony Kingston Provost Martiall came to the Mill and calling for the master the man in his name presented himself who strait commanded him to the Gallows the servant then seeing the danger of death confessed he was not the master but the man Well said the Knight thou canst never do thy master better service then to hang for him and thereupon trusted him up in the next tree The Lord Protector in his dayes marcht with a powerfull Army into Scotland to demand their Queen Mary in marriage to our King according their promises The Scots refusing to do it were beaten by the English in Musleborough fight One demanding of a Scotch Lord taken prisoner Now Sir how do you like our Kings marriage with your Queen I alwayes quoth he did like the marriage but I do not like the wooing that you should fetch a Bride with fire and sword The Kings Uncles Edward-Duke of Somerset Protector of his person Realms and Dominions and Thomas Lord Seymour Baron of â—udley the younger high Admirall of England were both beheaded Strife between their wives about place and precedency caused the death of their husbands and the death of the young King followed speedily after Sir Thomas Seymour Admirall and the younger brother married the Queen Dowager whose hap it was of all the rest to survive her husband She contested with her sister in law for priority of place both were privately encouraged neither would give way to the other The one claimed it as she had been once Queen the other challenged it as she was the present wife of the Protector The wives set their husbands at oddes and their enemies took hold of this advantage The Admirall was shortly questioned for treason by consent of his brother condemned in Parliament and lost his head In the same moneth was the Protector committed to the Tower by the Lords of the Counsell and after beheaded In this Kings dayes when Bonner was kept in prison reverend Ridley having his Bishoprick of London would â—ever go to dinner at Fulham without the company of Bonners mother and sister the former alwayes sitting in a Chair at the upper end of the Table These guests were as constant as Bread and Salt to the Board no meal could be made without them He died in the seventh year of his Princely Government in the sixth of Iuly anno 1553. Some write that he was poysoned The death of this Prince was lamented of all the godly within Europe for the graces given unto him of God as well of nature as of erudition and godliness passed the measure that accustomably is used to be given to other Princes in their greatest perfection and yet exceeded he not sixteen years of age Knoxe his Ecclesiasticall Hist. of Scotland l. 1. p. 97. I wonder that Doctor Heylin in his Epistle before his Ecclesia Restaurata should say therefore Whose death I cannot reckon for an infelicity to the Church of England Cardan made this Epitaph of him Flete nefas magnum sed toto flebitis orbe Mortales vester corruit omnis honos Nam Regum decus juvenum flos spesque bonorum Deliciae saecli
King on either side whereof was a close Gallery for the King Queen and Prince to be private sutable to the ancient mode Which triall of his if we consider all things the high nature of the Charge against him the pompous Circumstances and stately manner of the triall it self the time that it lasted and lastly of what moment and consequence the success of it must prove I may safely say that no Subject in England and probably in Europe ever had the like Mr. May his History of the Parliament of England l. 1. c. 8. See more there Sir Thomas Roe was Chancellor of the most noble Order of the Garter and of King Charles his Privy Councel and severall years Embassador to the Great Mogor Great Turk King of Sweden and lastly to the Princes of the Protestant Union in Germany Iohn de Montreul a Parisian was he that thinking thereby to do some good office to the King of England negotiated that he might be put into the hands of the Scots This unfortunate Prince of whom he hath since given this testimony that he never saw a man of greater spirit and more vertue delighted often to discourse with him and expressed a great deal of affection to him I learned from a friend of mine to whom he told it himself that he made use of a secret which the King of England had taught him in the long conferences which they sometimes had together 'T was a certain powder very rare which being cast on the paper made that which was before-hand written there with a white liquor to appear which without that was wholly imperceptible His Majesty had a fine stroke with his pen which he practised at all times of leasure By which means he became Master of a pure and elegant stile as both his intercepted Letters and those to Mr. Henderson at Newcastle in the point of Episcopacy and his Book entituled 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the Pourtraiture of his Sacred Majesty in his solitudes and sufferings do most clearly evidence Which Book is put into Latine by Dr Earle At King Iames his Funerall he attended the Herse as the chiefest mourner an action laudable and deserving better interpretation than some make of it He shewed great patience in his sufferings It argued a charitable temper in him in pardoning his enemies when he died and praying for them and charging the Prince his eldest son to pardon them also He was the hundred and tenth Monarch of that line that swayed the Scepter of Scotland successively Bishop Bramhall his Answer to Militiere his Epistle His Works are all in two Volumes Reliquiae Carolinae and Bibliotheca Carolina The Arsenals Store-houses and Ship-docks erected by him are so magnificent and universally usefull that they are become a principall pillar of the Nations support so far as they relate to the Navall defence of it and affords variety of imployment by the manufacture of Cordage as also by the carâ—ening and building of Ships The latter end of his life by reason of the Civil broyls was troublesome and painfull as the Book stiled Iter Carolinum shews Lewis the thirteenth the last King of France spoke ofttimes of the troubles of Great Brittain in his sickness and once he was over heard to say that it was a just judgement because his brother of England would have assisted his Subjects once against him Mr. Howels Corollary to the life of Lewis the thirteenth In his March after Essex to the West it happened that one of his Carriages brake in a long narrow Lane which they were to pass and gave his Majesty a stop at a time of a great showr of rain which fell upon him Some of his Courtiers and others which were near about him offered to hew him out a way through the hedges with their swords that he might get shelter in some of the Villages adjoyning but he resolved not to forsake his Canon upon any occasion At which when some about him seemed to admire marvel at the patience which he shewed in that extremity his Majesty lifting up his Hat made answer That as God had given him affliction to exercise his patience so he had given him patience to â—ear his afflictions Mr. Fords Panegyrick on King Charles the first Let his Conference with the Marquess of Worcester the Papers which passed betwixt his Majesty and Master Henderson and those others with the Ministers in the Isle of Weight testifie how great a Master he was of reason how well read in the Fathers the Councels Ecclesiasticall History and the customes of the Church in all ages Id. ib. He made an admirable Anagram of himself the day before his death Carolus Rex Cras ero lux Id. ib. His death saith the Author of the Additions to Bakers Chronicle was strange and unparalleld We may read saith he of many Kings who came to violent ends but never any that was so formally and solemnly first tryed for his life and then judicially executed in publick by his own Subjects Mr. Love in his Vindication of the London-Ministers against Price his Clerico-Classicum pag. 36. gives good reasons against putting the King to death and saith He was the first Protestant King in the world so put to death by his own Subjects pag. 55. he saith He could produce multitudes of Protestant Divines against the cutting off the Head of our King in particular as the Ministers beyond the Seas the Ministers of Scotland the Ministers of Essex and Lancashire and of many other places of the Kingdome besides the London Ministers who unanimously declared their abhorrency of that horrid fact of taking away the life of the King pag. 59. he saith That there is no president in all the Scripture that the Sanhedrim of the Jewes or Rulers of Israel did ever judicially arraign and put to death any of the Kings of Judah or Israel though many of them were most gross Idolaters and tyrannous Princes who shed much innocent blood and oâ—pressed the people sundry wayes This notwithstanding another Divine of our own hath presumed to publish a Defence of the Sentence passed upon the late King He quotes Gen. 9. 6. Exod. 21. 12. Lev. 24. 17. Numb 35. 30 31 33. Prov. 28. 17. and Mat. 26. 52. to prove the lawfulness of it That private person which sheddeth mans bloud wilfully by man that is by the Magistrate whose power is here stablished saith Ainsworth for killing all wilfull murtherers shall his bloud be shed And this saith Ainsworth there accordeth with the Law Numb 35. 29 30. but private men may not use the sword Mat. 26. 52. Rom. 13. 4. I have read that place Matth. 26. 52. strongly urged by some against Subjects taking up Arms against their Princes but never this way before These Scriptures though he think them of so express a tenour of such a pregnant import I conceive make little for the purpose he alleadgeth them When I consider with my self
Seldeni Analect Anglobâ—it l. 2. c. 6. Vide Malmesb. de gestâ—â— Reg. Aug. l. 2. c. 10. Hunting hist. l. 5. Ejus vitae cursus saevâ—s in principio miser in medio turpis in exitu asseritur Malm. l. 2. c. 10. Ea nox parâ—ulo temporis momento vetustam Danorum dominationem diuque majorum virtute elaboratum finivit imperium Sed neque id postera nostris fortuna restituit Ita Anglia dominandi juâ—â—ignavia perdâ—tum scelere recuperavit Saxo-Grammat hist. Dan l. 10. Krantziâ— hist. D n. l. 4. Magni roboris animo corpore prâ—pter hoc ferreum â—atus nuncupatus Malmesb. de gestis Reg Aug. l. 2 c. 10. Palâ—d Viâ—g Ang hist. l 7. Vide Malmesb. de gestis Reg. Ang. l. 2. c. 10. Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 7. p. 132. Polyd. Virg. Ang hist. l. 7. Some say one year and a few moneths Vide Polyd. Virg. hist. Ang. l. 8. p. 135. Scians omnes habitantes orâ—em vanam frivolaâ— regum esse potentiam Hunting hist. l. 6. Erat Dominus totius Daciae totius Angliae totius Norwagiae simul Scotiae Hunting hist. l 6. Ea fuit optimi Regis diligentia ut optimis legibus patriam cives milites intra honestatis praescriptum contineret Tulit legem de singulis rebus omniâ—qâ—e praeviâ—it quae ab optimo legum latore sunt providenda Et quum inter alia homicidio quoque paenam decrevissâ—t accidit ut ipsae 〈◊〉 is praevaricator occiso milite inveâ—iretur Quâ—mqu factum majestaâ—is reverentia â—uâ—ripot â—isset militari se animadversiouâ— substravit Kranâ—â—zii hist Daniâ— l. 4. Vide plura ibid. Leges Canuti posteâ—â—ati tam gratae fuerunt sibiquâ—â—am satutares Anglâ— semper duxâ—runt ut ad eas sirmiteâ— observandas sub nomine Edwardâ— Regis non quod illâ—â— stâ—tuâ—rit sed quod observaverit Principes regâ—o inaugurâ—â—dos solio sepius obstrinxerint juramento Seldeni Analâ—ct Anglobrit l. 2 c. 6. Ex Malmesâ— l 2. c. 11. Nou refero confessoris has leges ad certum regni cjus anuum aliquem quod non ab eo institutas câ—nsâ—oâ—â—sed ex Antecossorum suoruâ— legthâ—s praesertim Regis Canuti ut animadvertit Malmâ—sburius ducta plerunquâ— essent promulgaâ—a Innuit hoc idem ipsarum titulus in quo decitur Iucipiunt legeâ— S. Edwardâ— Regis quas in Anglia 〈◊〉 Id est observavit Non quas tulit hoc est instituit Spelman de Concil p 625 l. â—ide Lambardum de priscis Anglorum legibus Quo nemo Damcorum Regum tam eâ—si piura alii victor t is illustraverint splendidiâ—r fuit Equidem sanctitate ac fortitudine instâ—â—ctissâ—mus non minus religionem quam râ—gnum proferre curae hâ—huit Craâ—zii hist. Daniae l 4. Some say twenty St 〈◊〉 Malmeâ—b Dani ut patria pace loquar sâ—ecandis certatim calicibus assueti Saxo-Gram Hic tributum inexâ—rabile importabile Angliae imposuit ut classiariis suâ—â— pers ingulas naves viginti marcas ex pollicitâ— pensitaret Malm. l. 2 c 12. Edwardus Cognomento ob pâ—etatem Confessor Selden Ianus Ang. It was imposed by his Father and payed for forty years continuance cut of the lands of all except only the Clergy Danegeldum sâ—u Danageldum â—d est Tributum Danicum dicebatur Selden Marâ— clausum â—â—â— c. 11. vid plura â— Ibid. A Treatise of union of the two Realms of England and Scotland c. â— * Eâ—ymon ipsius habe primum nominis Op 〈◊〉 privativa est particula dâ—el pars sonat totum expers quasi criminis Purgationis autem sive Ordalii gâ—â—us duplex iâ—ncum aquâ—um Duplâ—â—i etiam forma ignâ—â—â— â—â—simulâ—tus cum quis criminis aut nuda manâ—â— sâ—rrum gestabat aut pedibua mâ—dus igâ—iâ—oâ— veâ—â—â—res premebit Distinguebant porro juxta ferrâ— magnitudinem quod si uniâ—s esset pondo simplex si trium triplex Ordalium nominabant Seld. Analect Auglebrit l 2. c. 8. Vide ejus Janum Anglorum l 2. p 253 254 255 256. Vedesis Glossarium annexum legibus Henrici primi apud Lambaâ— luâ— de prâ—sâ—â—â— Anglorum legibus See Dr. Hackwels Apology of Gods pâ—â—vidence in the government of the world l. 4. c. 2. Sect. 5 against the Ordeal Laws Sr Iohn Hayward alleadgeth two other causes impotency of nature and suspicion against her Ediderat à â—undamentis Baâ—dicam seu Ecclesiaâ— S. Petri Westmonasterii supra modum saeculi augustissimâ—m qua nostratibus etiam exemplum dedit condendi Ecclesias in formam Crucis Christi passioualis id est productiore radio inferiori Spelm. de Concil p. â—36 Matth. Paris hist. Ang. p. 2. Earl Godwin Father to King Harold having procured the untimely death of Alfred Brother to King Edward the Confessor denied is continually with solemn oathes and especially once when he dined with the King At what time occasion being offered to speak of that matter he took a piecâ— of broad and prayed to God that the same might be his last if he were any way consenting or privy thereto and so eating the bread was choaked therewith and died there in the Kings presence Henry Hunting hist. l. 6. Ingulphus hist. Ang. 153. Polyd. Virg Ang. hist The Archers of the Normans send forth their arrows on every side as thick as hail which kind of fight as it was unto the Englâ—sh mâ—n strange so it was unto them no less terrible Milles. Walsingham History is called Hypodigma Neustriae Ayscis Haec gen◠á Dacia oriunda ferox statim tanto regâ—o potita mores optimos leges sanctissimas divina humanaque vertere ac denique genus ipsum Aâ—gâ—icum perdere conata est Polyd. Virg. Aug. hist. Proaem in l. 9. Erat sapiens sed astutus locuples sed cupidus gloriosas sed famae deditus eras humilis Deo servientibus durus sibi resistâ—ntibus Huntington hist. l 6. Aluâ—â— non habebat Gallia qui talis praelicaretur eques arma tus Spectaculum erat delectabile simul ac terribile eum cernere frâ—ua moderantem ense decorum clypeo sulgentem galea teloque minitantem Gesta Gulielmi Ducis Normannorum à Gulielmoâ—â—ctaviensi â—â—ctaviensi Lexoviorum Archidiacono Mr. Pryns seasonable legall and historicall vindication of the fundamentall Liberties Rights Laws of England p. 382 383. See more there See Sir Iohn Hayward in the life of King William the first p. â—9 32 33 34 35 36 and Master Bacons first part of his historicall discourse of the uniformity of the Government of England c. 44 45 46 55 56 and Carpenters Geog. l. 2. c. 14. p. 238. Verstegâ—ns Antiquities c. 6. p. 171 172. It was a generall custome at that time in France that Bastards did succeed even in dignities of highest condiâ—ion no otherwise than children lawfully begotten Sir Iohn Hayward in the life of William the first p. 4 5. He hath seven examples there of Bastards lawfull succession It is probable saith the same Hayward that this uâ—e was grounded upon often experience that
Bastards as begotten in the highest heat and strength of affection have many times been men of excellent proof both in courage and in understanding â—his was verified in Hercules Alexander the great Romulus 〈◊〉 King Arthur in Homer Demosthenes Bartholus Gratian 〈…〉 Peter Comestor See Peacham compleat Gentleman c. 1. p 9. 〈…〉 alâ—cubi leâ—â—sse prisâ—os septentrionales populos etiam spurios 〈◊〉 in successionâ—m nec illâ—us igitur tituli gloriosum Angliae subactorem 〈◊〉 Normannâ—m puâ—â—â—â—sse videtur qui Epistolam ut alias plurâ—s ad Alanum Brittaniae minâ—ris comitem sic orditur Ego Wilielmus Cogâ—nâ—mâ—nto Bastardus Henrici Spelmanni Glossarium Vide Polyd. Virg. Aug. hist. l. 8. Sir Iohn Hayward in the life of William the first reports this jest somewhat otherwise though he agree in the substance The arrow was first brought into this Land by the Normans Hollinshed and Sir Iohn Hayward in William the first As long Bows were the weapons with which this King conquered England so they were the weapons with which England under after-after-Kings conquered France as if it were not enough for us to beat them unless we did beat them with their own weapons Sir Richard Baker Subjectis humilis apparebat facilis inexorabilis erat rebellibus Matth. Paris hist. Ang. Daniels History Vide Henrici Spelmanni Glossarium p 287. Curfu aliter Corerfu à Gal. Couvrir tege re feu ignis Latine Ignitagium Spelmanni Glossartum Vt ferociam populi ad otiumper-ducereâ— omnibus 〈◊〉 ademit statuit que ut quisque pater familias vesperi circiter horam octavam post meridiem tecto ciueribus igne dormitum tret ad ad signum vicatâ—m dari voluit per campanas it quot etiam nunc servatur Normannice vulgo dicitur Coverfu Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist l. 9. Lamberts Archeion p. 24. Monumentum totius Britranniae non dico antiquissimum sed absque controversia augustissimum duobus magnis voluminibus Angliae descriptionem continens Alià s Liber judiciarius alià s censualiâ— Angliae alià s Angliae noticia lustratio interdum Rotulus Regis à similitudine antiquioris Rotulus Wintoniae Liber Wintoniae nuncupatum Spelmanni Glossarium Vide plura ibid. 〈◊〉 praefat ad Eadmeri historiam Sir Iohn Hayward in his life p. 23. â—14 Sir Iohn Hayward Cardinal Perron the learned French man was a fat corpulent man and had a great belly A French Lady to quip him said thus to him Mouasieur quaâ—d vous vous accoucherez To whom he replyed Quand vouâ— sâ—ras sage femme Speed Silent lâ—gos inter arma Lambards Arâ—â—tion Verstegans Antiq. c. 6. p. 182. Pueritiam aâ—â— spem regui literis municbat subinde patre quoque audiento jactare Proverbium solitus Rex illiteratus Asinus coronatus Malmesb de Henrico primo l 5. One and twenty years and one moneth saith Fox Seventy four saith Polyd Virgil. Qua enim conditio sortis humanae non moneat ad pictatem cùm auditum suâ—rit Regem istum qui tantae potentiae in vitâ suâ extitit ut in tota Anglia in tota Normannia in tota Cinomanensi patria neâ—o contra imperium ejus manum movere auderet Mox ut in terram spiritum exhalaturus positus est ab omni homine sicut accepimus uno solo duntaxat serviente excepto derelictum cadaver ejus sine omni pompa per Sequanam naâ—cella delatum cum scpeliri deberet ipsam terram sepulturae illius à quodam rustico calumniatam qui eam hereditario jure reclamans conquestus est illam sibi jam olim ab codem injuria fuisse ablatam Eâ—dmeri historia novorum Viâ—â— Maâ—mesb Polyd. Virg. de Wilielmo primo * Or Courthosâ— of his short Hose or Brâ—eches Or Courtois of his courteous behaviour Sir Iobn Haywards Lives of the three Norman Kings of England p. 125. 222. See Renasus Morean in his Prolâ—gomena to his learned Animadversions by which he hath illustrated that work Vossius de Philosophia c. 12. Joannes de Meâ—iolano medicus nomine â—ollâ—gii Scholae Salernitanae conscripâ—i librum cui titulus Schola Salernitana Id ibid. By a fall from his Horse Deâ—raudaverat Gulielmus pater Robertum regno Angliae partim non oblitus ejus in se impietatis contumaciae partim veritus si ille id obtineret ne ejus facilitas qua praeditus erat ad defectionem paratiores non redderet Anglos quos ipse laeserat quapropter rem tutiore loco fore putà vit si Rufo cujus jampridem morum pariter acerbitatem atque immanitatem naturae cognitam habucrat committeretur Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 10. Sir Iohn Hayward * Brittarnia in Glocester-shire See more there of him He seems to have followed the example of Iacob who gave to his younger son Ioseph the land which he had taken with his Sword and his Bow Besides in the rebellion of his son Robert this son stood firmly for him and in his quarrell hazarded his life Sir Richard Baker Robert was then absent in Germany Incomparabilis proculdubio nostro tempore princeps si non â—um magnitudo patris obruâ—reâ— nec ejus juventutem fata praecipitassent ne per 〈◊〉 maturiorem aboleret â—rrores â—centia potestatis impetus juvenili contractos Malmesb de Wilielmo secundo l. 4. He is therefore ill spoken of by Clergy men He claimed the investitute of Prelates to be his right He forbad appeals to Rome Malmesb. Vnum adificium ipsum per maximum domum in Londoniâ iâ—câ—pit perfecit non parcens expensis dummodo liberalitatis suae magnificentiam exhiberet Malmesb. Daniels History Malmesb. Veterum plerique traditur transsossum fuisse Regem sagitta quam in ferarum vivario quod novam Forestam dicimus jactu infoelici collimaraâ— Gualterus Tyrellus Gallus idque est receptissimum Scd accuratius multo quam caeteri singularia omnia quae miseram Regis caedem Tyrelli jactum fatalem attinent narrat Ordericus Vitalis in hist. Eccles l. 10. p. 783. Seldeni notae ad Eadmerum Vide Malmesb de Wilielmo secundo l 4. Henricus ob singularem quae pro regio fuit nomine eruditionem Belloclericus dictus Seldeni Ianuâ—â— Anglorum Vide ejus dissert ad c. â— Henricus Rex urbanitate comitate affabilitate lenitate justitia fortitudine omnes sui temporis Principes anteire putabatur Huc etiam acces sit quod oâ— ni literarum genere Cantabridgiae Lutetiaeque instructus à pueritia ita profecit â—ut Wilielmus ejus pater eum Episcopali muâ—â—ri aptum censuerit Qui doctâ—nae praesidio saluberrimâ—s multas leges ipse condidit Papales technas saepe offecit caâ—â—è vitavit ut siâ—cam opportunitatem quam Henricus octavus nactus fuisset Papalem jurisdictionem exterminasset praefractum ac à Papa concitatum in se clerum in officio tenuisset Joscâ—lini Antiq. Brit. p. 124. Infans cum omnium votis conspirantibus
Edwards Laws These Laws are partly Ecclesiasticall partly Civill Lambard de priseis Anglorum legibus mentions Leges boni Regis Edwardi quas Gulielmus Bastardus postea confirmavit In these Laws it is observable 1. That all capitall corporall pecuniaty punishments fines for criminall offence◠〈◊〉 all reliefs services and duties to the King are reduced to a certainty not leâ—t arbitrary to the King his Justices or other Officers for the Subjects greater liberty ease and security 2. That they protect preserve the possessions priviledges persons of the Church and Clergy from all invasion injury violence and disturbance The Raign of this King was very peaceable He first used the broad Seal His Wife was named Editha the vertuous Daughter of an infamous Father Earl Godwin Sicut spina Rosam genuit Godwinus Editham His unnaturall dealing with his good Mother Emma and vertuous Wife Editha in whose breast there was a School of all liberall Sciences saith William Malmesbury cannot be excused For upon a poor surmise of Incontinency with Alwin Bishop of Winchester his Mother in his presence was put to the Ordalium to pass blindfolded between nine glowing Coulters which she did without hurt His refusing carnall copulation with his Queen either out of a vowed virginity as most Historians conclude or out of a detestation of Earl Godwins trayterous race quod Rex religiosus de genere proditoris haeredes qui sibi succederent corrupto semine regio noluerit pâ—â—râ—ari as Ingulphus Matthew Westminster and others record whereby he exposed the Kingdome for a prey to the ambitious pretenders aspiring after it The King after this craved mercy and pardon from his Mother for the infamy and injury done unto her for which he was disciplined and whipped by his Mother and all the Bishops there present The first curing the Kings Evil is referred to him and thence to have continued to his successors Solebat Rex Edwardus divinitus solo tactu sanare strumosos hoc est strumam patientes Est enim srruma morbus quem Itali scrophulaâ— vulgo vocant à scrophis quae ea mala scabie afflictantur Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 8. Struma gutturis vitium quod nonnulli scrophulam dicunt solo tactu in quam plurimis sanasse dicitur Lil. Ang. Reg. Chronicon He raigned twenty three years and six moneths and died in the Painted Chamber at Westminster He built St Peters Church in Westminster and was there buried In hoc Rege linea Regum Angliae defecit quae à Cerdicio primo Westsaxonum Rege ex Anglis quingentis septuaginta uno annis non legitur interrupta praeter paucos Danos qui peccatis exigentibus gentis Anglorum aliquandiu regnaverunt Harold The second of that name the thirty eighth Monarch of the English men Son of Earl Goodwin a man of excellent parts and approved valour He driven by tempest into Normandy was affianced to Adelizi the Dukes fifth Daughter He covenanted with the Duke to make him successor to Edward in the Kingdome of England Mr. Fox's Acts and Monuments vol. 1. Mr. Cambden in his Brittannia Holinshed Sir Iohn Hayward Sir Richard Baker incline to this opinion that Harold by his might power craft policy usurped and invaded the Crown without any right against his Oath After Edwards death the Duke sent to him to put him in mind of his Covenant and Oath but Harold replied that this Oath being constrained did no way binde The Duke William landing in Sussex to cut off all occasion of return he fired his own Fleet and upon the shore erected a fortress to be if need were a retiring place for his Souldiers Harold and he fighting seven miles from Hastings in Sussex Harold was slain and his Army vanquished His overthrow was a just punishment of God upon him for his perjury He raigned but nine moneths and nine dayes In him was compleated the period of the Saxons Empire in Brittain after they had continued from their first erected Kingdome by Hengisâ— in Kent the space of six hundred and ten years without any interruption saving the small inter-Raigns of three Danish Kings The Normans were a miâ—â— people of Norvegians Suevians and Danes That Province in France was then called Neustria and now Normandy of the name Norman given unto them because they came out of the North parts The Normans laboured by all means to supplant the English and to plant their own language amongst us and for that purpose they both gave us the Lawes and all manner of pastimes in the French tongue as he that will peruse the Laws of the Conquerour and consider the terms of Hawking Hunting Tenice Dice-play and other disports shall easily perceive Lamb's Perambulation of Kent CHAP. XI WILLIAM the first sirnamed the Conqueror RObert Duke of Normandy the sixth in descent from Rollo riding through Falais a Town in Normandy espied certain young persons dancing near the way And as he stayed to view a while the manner of their disport he fixed his eye especially upon a certain Damsell named Arlotte of mean birth a Skinners Daughter who there danced among the rest The frame and comely carriage of her body the naturall beauty and graces of her countenance the simplicity of her rurall both behaviour and attire pleased him so well that the same night he procured her to be brought to his lodging where he begat of her a Son who afterward was named William The English afterwards adding an aspiration to her name according to the naturall manner of their pronouncing termed every unchast Woman Harlot He seized the Crown of England not as conquered but by pretence of gift or adoption aided and confirmed by nearness of bloud and so the Saxon Laws formerly in force could not but continue and such of them as are now abrogated were not at all abrogated by his conquest but either by the Parliaments or Ordinances of his time and of his successours or else by non-usage or contrary custome Mr. Seldens review of his History of Tythes c. 8. see more there He never made the least pretence claim or title to the Crown and Realm of England only as an absolute Conquerour of the Nation but meerly by title as their true and lawfull King by designation adoption and cognation seconded with the Nobles Prelates Clergy and peoples unanimous election And although it be true that this Duke ejected Harold and got actuall possession of the Throne and Kingdome from him by the sword as did Auâ—elius Ambrosius and others before and King Henry the fourth Edward the fourth and Henry the seventh yet that neither did nor could make him a King by conquest only no more than these other Princes seeing the end of this Warre was not against the whole English Nation the greatest part whereof abetted his interest but only against the unjust usurper and intruder King Harold and his adherents Although the Laws of this Kingdome
go saith the King for he hath slain mine enemy Seeing one cut up a very fat Stag in his presence said he How easily and happily hath this creature lived yet he never heard Mass. Mr. Fox seems to approve of this speech as deriding the Mass though others say it was an Atheisticall speech In his Raign the Citizens of London first obtained of the King to choose yearly a Maior In whose time also the Bridge of London was first builded of stone which before was of wood Most Writers testifie that he was poysoned by a Monk of Swinsted-Abbey in Lincolnshire who to poyson him wittingly and willingly poysoned himself He died in the year of his age fifty and one and after he had raigned seventeen years six moneths and twenty seven dayes He lieth buried at Worcester-Colledge in the Quire there King HENRY the third He was happy in his Uncle the Earl of Pembroke the guide of his infancy and no less for thirty years whilest De Burgo the last servant of his Fathers against the French both in Normandy and England with Bigot Earl of Norfolke and others of like gravity and experience did manage the affairs The Author of the troublesome life and Raign of King Henry the third He was of a middle stature Robustus viribus sed praeceps in factis Matthew Paris He was crowned at Glocester by Peter Bishop of Winchester and Iosceline Bishop of Bath in the presence of Walo the Popes Legate Octob. 28. 1216. And after peace concluded with the Barons by Stephen Langton Archbishop of Canterbury at Westminster on Whitsunday an 1219. In his Raign the Popes authority in England was at the highest He heard three Masses a day In a solemn conference between him and St. Lewis King of France the only devout Kings of that age when the French King said he had rather hear Sermons then Masses our King replied that he had rather see his loving friend meaning Christs reall presence in the Sacraments then to hear never so much good of him by others in Sermons He had a son by Elenor his wife whom he named Edward for the memory of Edward the Confessor who raigned a little before that the Normans vanquished England At whose birth appeared a Star of great magnitude for some dayes before the Sun rising which moved swiftly one while making a shew of fire another while leaving smoak behind it by which prodigy saith Polydore Virgil the future amplitude of Edward the father and the smalness and vanity of his son which he begat afterwards was declared as it were by an Oracle He had another son Edmund Crouchbacke so called not because he was crooked or deformed but because he wore the Cross upon his back or on his Buckler which he wore constantly at his back to shew that he had vowed to go to Ierusalem to recover the holy Sepulchre In the year 41 of his Raign the King held a Parliament at Oxford which was called Insanum Parliamentum that is to say the mad Parliament For in this Parliament were made many Acts against the Kings prerogative and pleasure for the reformation of the state of the Land which after turned to the confusion and hurt of the Land and the death and destruction of many noble men so that by occasion thereof began that hatefull strife called at this day the Barons War whereof ensued much trouble and mischief He was pressed by his Nobles Bishops and others to pass the great Charter in the ninth year of his Raign His son Edward the first in the twenty fifth of his Raign confirmed the great Charter The great Charter of England passed from this King for which the English men had no less striven than the Trojans for their Helena Lambard saith he may call that great Charter of the Liberties of England the first Letters of manumission of the people of this Realm out of the Norman servitude Matthew Paris the learned Monk of Saint Albans lived in his time and was highly esteemed by him Et cum esset cum ipso continue in mensa in palatio in thalamo qui haec scripsit direxit scribentis calamum satis diligenter amicahiliter In another place he speaks of his bold reproving the King Verstegan sayes the Sidneys are of a French extraction that they came over into England in Henry the thirds dayes Arms as honourary dignities and generous distinctions between family and family and person and person have been undoubtedly born from his time since which there is sufficient proof of them and though long before that many Families might be rich potent and noble yet some of them either had no Arms as many yet in Ireland have not or else kept no constant Coat but gave sometimes their paternall otherwhiles their maternall or aadopted Coats Mr. Waterhouse his discourse of Arms and Armory He raigned fifty six yeares and twenty dayes the longest number of years that ever any King of England raigned CHAP. XVII King EDWARD the first HE was absent in the holy Land when his father died At his first coming to the holy Land he rescued the great City of Acon from being surrendred to the Sultan after which out of envy to his valour one Anzazim a desperate Saracen who had often been employed to him from their Generall being one time upon pretence of some secret message admitted alone into his chamber with a poysoned knife gave him three wounds in the body two in the arm and one in the armpit which had been mortall if out of unspeakable love the Lady Elenor his wife had not suckt out the poison of his wounds with her mouth and licked them with her tongue and thereby effected a cure which otherwise had been incurable So soveraign a medicine saith Speed is a womans tongue annointed with the vertue of loving affection Leaving Garrisons in fit places for defence of the Countrey he with his wife Elenor takes his journey homewards and first passing by Sicilie was there most kindly received by Charles King of that Island where he first heard of his fathers death which he took more heavily far then he had taken the death of his young son Henry whereof he had heard a little before at which when King Charles marvelled he answered that other sons might be had but another father could never be had He was protected by the divine hand from his Childhood being young and playing one time at Chess with a friend in the midst of his game without any apparent occasion he removed himself from the place where he sate when suddenly there fell from the roof of the house a great stone which if he had stayed in the place but never so little had beaten out his brains The like is recorded of Luther that as he was sitting in a certain place upon his stool a great stone there was in the Vault over his head
Laws for acting any thing in opposition unto that Religion which was then established Concerning which there goes a Story that when a Popish Priest had urged her very earnestly to declare her judgement touching the presence of Christ in the blessed Sacrament she very cautelously resolved the point in these following Verses 'T was God the Word that spake it He took the bread and brake it And what the Word did make it That I believe and take it But all this Caution notwithstanding her aversness from the Church of Rome was known sufficiently not to be altered while she lived Dr. Heylins History of Queen Elizabeth At her entrance to her Raign she sent to her Agent in the Court of Spain to represent unto King Philip the second the dear remembrance which she kept of those many humanities received from him in the time of her troubles Yet afterward some of our own and some forraign Wâ—iters taxe her of too much unkindness toward King Philp to whom she had been so much obliged The ground of his Invasion in eighty eight was the divers indignities he received from Queen Elizabeth though ever since the death of Queen Mary he forbore to do any thing that might displease her During his abode in England he had done her such signall and high savours as to preserve her head from the Scaffold to have her allowance enlarged to divert her Sister from a design she had to send her beyond Sea to be a 〈◊〉 and at his departure from England he desired not to carry with him but one Ring of a hundred pound price He shewed no small love also in comprehending the suâ—rendâ—y of Calais to the English in his Treaty of peace with France The Queen assisted Don Antonio the Bastard against him about the title of Portugall fomented his own naturall Subjects against him in the revolt of the confederate Provinces so far as to send a Governour of her own amongst them She gave Commissions to rob him in the Indies She intercepted some of his treasure in her own Seas going to Flanders and wronged some of the Hans Towns who were under his protection These with sundry incitements more caused Philip to prepare this powerfull Fleet to be quit with her at once for all scores Howels History of Naples But it may be said in her defence that thâ—e King of Spain did stir up the Irish against her and did also encourage such Traytors as conspired against her in England Sir Francis Drake who was Captain of the Iudith with Sir Iohn Hawkins in the voyage of Guiny 1567 received together with him considerable dammage and injuries from the Spaniard in the Port of St Iohn D' Vllâ—a of the West Indies contrary to promise and agreement with him and therefore what he did against the Spaniards was to repair himself At the beginning of the Netherlanders troubles she imparted unto the King of Spain sincere advice not to hold a heavy hand over that people which he rejected and contemned Her Majesty nevertheless gave not over her honourable resolution which was if it were possible to reduce and reconcile those Countryes unto the obedience of the King of Spain if not yet to preserve them from alienating themselves to a forraign Lord and so continued to mediate unto the King for some just and honourable capitulations of grace and accord Which course she held untill the death of the Duke of Anjou at which time the enemy pressing them the united Provinces were received into her Majesties protection which was after the King of Spain had discovered himself an unplacable Lord to them and also a professed enemy unto her Majesty having already actually invaded Ireland and designed also the invasion and conquest of England Gabriel Powell his refutation of an Epistle apologetically written by a Puritan Papist to perswade the permission of the promiscuous use and profession of all sects and heresies c. 9. p. 98. Trading was much promoted in her time By her intercession the Turk gave way to the English trading in Turkie whence the Company of Turkish Merchants The Great Duke of Russia also much respected her and the English for her sake England was much adorned with building in her time Plures nobilium privatorum villae elegantia laxitate cultu conspicuae jam passim in Anglia surgere caepâ—runt quà m alio quovis seculo magno sanè regni ornamento verùm hospitalis gloriae detrimento Camd. Annal. She was very sparing in bestowing Honours for in twelve years she made but four Barons She made Westminster Abbey famous for the Coronation and sepulture of our Kings of England and for the keeping of the Insignia Regalia a Collegiate Church where there is a Dean twelve prebends a Schoolmaster and Usher forty Scholars called Kings Scholars out of which some are chosen yearly to both Universities Servants Choristers and twelve Almes-men as Camden in his Annals shews Being near her end she declared Iames King of Scotland to be her Successor so Camden and Du Chesne and Iohnston in his Historia Britannica Sir Francis Walsingham her Secretary died poor he left only one daughter which married Sir Philip Sidney and after the Earl of Essex When she was near death Whitgift Archbishop of Canterbury came to her and spoke much of the redemption of mankind of the resurrection of the body and immortality of the soul to whom she answered with great tranquility and constancy that she desired to be soon dissolved and to be with Christ. She having setled her Dominions in peace died in the year 1602 the twenty fourth of March the sixty ninth of her age and of her Raign the forty fourth CHAP. XX. IAMES the first King of Great Brittain THe Tudors breathing out their last in excellent Elizabeth Stuarts take their turn by an unquestionable title 1. Iames the first of England but sixth of Scotland 2. Charles the first of England It may seem wonderfull that there was no commotion at all upon the Queens decease that he came to the Crown here so peaceably without any opposition He caused himself to be stiled King of Great Brittain to prevent difference between the two Nations one of which else would have preferred England in his title and the other Scotland The name of Brittain continued to be the name generally of the whole Island but more specially of the parts of England and Wales ever since before the invasion of the Romans King Alfred was entituled Governour of the Christians of all Brittain King Edgar was stiled Monarch of all Brittain King Henry the second was entituled King of all Brittain King Iohn had his Coyn stamped with this Inscription Iohannes Rex Britonum Walter sirnamed Banguho according as his father was returning into Scotland fought valiantly for his King against the Islands Rebels and the Savages of Scotland In recompence of his extraordinary vertue he was made Great Provost and Treasurer of the houshold Royall
Lanibardum de priscis â—nglorum legibus Dum gesta ejus commemoro militaria miror unquam cum cogitasse civilia Dum civilium ejus intueor molestiarum cumulos miror utique quod in aciem prodiit Dum verò religioâ—em pietatem ardorem rerum câ—lestium contemplatus sum vixisse Monachus visus est regularis hoc solo infaelix quòd inter gentes barbares sub faedissimo literarum deliquio fâ—loruit interiit circiter an Dom. 900 Spelmanni Glossarium Vidâ— ejus Epist. Dedicat. ad Lib. de Consil. His Epitaph Anno dominicae incarnationis 872 Elfredus filius Ethelâ— wulphi junior regnum accepit 28. semis annos laboriosissime fortissime â—enuit Malmesb. l. 2. c. 4 Some say above 29. years So Rog. de Hoveden annal part 1. Dictus senior eo quod post illum plures ejusdem nominis regnaverunt quorum omnium ipse primus erat Literarum scientia multum inferior patre sed regni potestate incomparabiliter gloriosior Malmesb. de gestis Reg. Ang. l. 2 c. 5. Idem ferè habet Ingulphus Edwardus Cognomento senior literarum cultu patre inferior sed dignitate potentia pariter gloria superior Nam multo latius quam pater fines regni sui dilataviâ— Rog. de Hoveden Annal. part 1. p. 421-â— 23. saith Malmesb. 24. Polyd Virg. 34. saith Roger de Hoveden Malmesb. de gestis Regum Ang. l. 1. c. 6. A young English Gentleman in a sally forth at Ostend had one of his arms shot off with a Canon which taking up he brought back with him into the Town unto the Chyrurgion and coming into his lodging shewed it saying Behold the arm which but at dinner did help its fellow This he did and endured without the least fainting or so much as reposing upon 〈◊〉 bed Dr. Dillingham Veres Commentaries in the continâ—ation of the siege of Ostend 16. years saith Malmesbury Tenuit regnum anuis 6. semis Malmesb. l. 2. c 6. See Milles his Catalogue of honour and Mr. Prynne his seasonable legall and hystoricall vindication of the fundamentall Liberties Rights and Laws of England p. 106. Anno Dominicae incarâ—ationis 946. Edredus tertius ex filiis Edwardi regnum suscipiens rexit annis 9 dimidio Malmesb. l. 2. c. 7. Anno Dominicâ—e incarâ—ationis 955. Edâ—inus regno potitus tenuit annis quatuor petulans adolesâ—ens qui speciositate corporis iâ— libidinibus abuteretur Malmesb. de gestis Reg. Ang. l 2. c. 7. Ea tempestate facies Monachorum saeda miserabiâ—is â—rat Caeterum longè horret nostra memoria quam immanis fuâ—rit in reliqua caenobia propter aetatis lubricum propter pellicis consilium quaâ— tenerum jugiter obsideâ—at animum Malmesb. de gestis Reg. Ang. l. 2. Vide plura ibid. Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 6. He was sirnamed Etheling after the signification of the Saxon speech Outlaw because he was a banished man in the former time of his life through the cruelty of the Danes Laciâ—s Nobility Although in his younger dayes he was subject to many vices and committed some in urious tyrannicall acts recorded by Malmesbury Fox Speed and others yet repenting of these his youthfull lustfull vices he proved such a just and prudent King that our Historians of elder and later ages give large encomiums of his justice prudence vertues and politick Government worthy perpetuall memory and imitation Mr. â—ryn's seasonable legall and historicall vindication of the fundamentall Liberties Rights Laws of England p. 126 127 Vir animi virtute corporis roâ—ore longè princeps Polyd. Virg. Ang hist. l. 6. Malmesb. l. 2. c. 8. Id. ibid. Polyd Virg. Ang hist. l. â— Dr. Barwick's life of B. Morton Licet ut fertur staturae fuerit corpulentiae perexilis tantas vires in illo corpusculo dignatio naturae incluserat ut ultro ad congrediendum lacesceret quemcunque audacem nosset hoc maxime timeus ne 〈◊〉 tali colludio timeretur Malmesb de gest is Regum Anglorum l. 2. c. 8. Vide plura ibid. Malcome â— King of Scoâ—s hearing of a conspiracy plotted to murther him whereof one was author he dissembled the knowing of it till being abroad one day a hunting he took the fellow apart from the company and being alone said unto him Here is now a fit time and place to do that manfully which you have intended to do treacherously Draw your weapon and if you kill me none being present you can incur no danger With which speech of the King the fellow was so daunted that presently he 〈◊〉 down at his feet confessed his fault humbly asked forgiveness and being granted him was ever after serviceable and faithfull to him Sir Baker's Chronicle of the Kings of England in William the 2d Sir Elyoâ—'s Governâ—ur out of Malmesb. In hâ—norem Christi ejusque divini nominis cultum quadraginâ—a caenâ—bia ve á fundamenâ—is â—xâ—ruxit vel paâ—um sarta tâ—cta 〈…〉 de reb Brit. 〈…〉 pacificus â—aâ—ria Monosticae disciâ—liâ—â— propugnator ardâ—n â—ssimâ—s qui semâ—t â—â—â—achorum caetâ—â— Regâ—nem 〈◊〉 â—â—alium prasâ—â—â—t guberâ—â—â—res Sâ—elm dâ— Concil p 489. 〈…〉 aunorum 16. Regnim adipis â—â—ns câ—dem numâ—ro 〈…〉 de gestis Reg. Aug. l. 2. c. 8. The three conquests of England by the Saxons Danes and Normans proceeded from the sins of the Princes or of the people or both Mexia's Treasury of time vol. 2. l 7. c. 1â— Dani populationibus â—caelibus incenâ—iis miseram Anglianm multos per annos adeo afflâ—xâ—runt ut Clades 〈◊〉 Romanis Scotis â—ictis Saxâ—nibus jam anâ—ca posteaâ— deinde à Normannis huic Insulae illatae si aerumnis calamita ibus quibus isti pâ—triam hanc nostram affecerunt conferantur quasi ludus quidam tragadia scenica possâ—â—t aestimari Nam bellum nobiscum gesserunt temporis long inquitate diuturnum omni crudelitatis genere immanissimum belli geâ—endi ratione difficilimum Godw. de Praesul Ang. Comment p. 67. vide plura ibid. p â—9 Vide Reg de Hoved. part 1. pâ—â—t 2. See Verstâ—gâ—â— of our names of contempt p. 33â— The Danes used when the English drank to stab them or cut their throats to avoid which villany the party then drinking requested some of the next fitters to be his surety or pledge whilest he paid nature her due and hence have we our sâ—all custome of pledging one another Infestabant illius maxime imperium Clericos inter Monachos de sacerdo â—um celibatu schismata Seldeni Analect Anglobrit l. 2. c. 6. Died in the 16â—â— year of his age Tribus annis dimidio potestaâ—e â—otitus est Malmesb de gestâ—s Reg Ang l 2. c. â— Cùm infans primum sâ—cro admotus esset fonti alimonâ—ae excremento Baptisterium unde Constantinum etiam pessimum Imperatorem â—opronymum dictum fuisse scribunt faedeâ— inquinavit exclamavit exinde subito Danstans Per sanctam Mariam puâ—râ—iste ignavuâ— homo â—rit
quotidie multiplicentur pareutum verò mors irremediabilis est quia nequeunt restaurari Chronicaâ— Thomae Walsingham Mr. Fullers good thoughts in worst times Occasion Meditat. 9. See Dr. Powâ—is Preface to the History of Wales and his Notes on â—hoyds History of Wales p. 376 377 and Judge Dederidges Principality of Wales p. 4 5 6. Cambdens Britannia in Yorkeshire â—aletudine usus est satis prespâ—ra animo magno cui cunque enim rei operam dabat eam facilâ— imbiâ—â—bat prudentia summa religionis studiosissimus insolentiae sacerdotum inimicus acerrimus quam ex opibus cum primis prosicisci putabatâ— quam obâ—rem legem ad manumortuam perpetuasse fertur at ita corum luxurieâ— coercâ—retur Polyd. Vâ—rg Ang hist l. 18. Cambdens Britannia in Cumberland Fuit prudens in gerendis negotiis ab adolescentia armorum dedâ—us exercitio quo in diversts regionibus eam famam militiae acquifierat quà totius orbis Christiani sui temporis principes singulariter transcendebat Elegantis erat formae staturae procerâ—e qua humero supra communi populo praeâ—minebat Chronica Thomâ—â— Walsingham He was called Edward Long-shankâ— Ne vestigium majestatis regiaâ— desidâ—rii ullum apud populum remaneret sedem lapâ—deam in qua insidentes Reges coronari salebant ex Scotia deferendam Londinum curavit quae etiâ—am nunc ad Westmonast â—rium servatur Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 1â— Initio sui principatus cisi ad lenitatem suaptò natura prâ—pensus â—rat quorundam tamen suorum consiltariorum coâ—rcitus monitis ut bonam indolem ostentaret gravitatem probitatem â—nodestiam praesâ—â—crre caepit veriâ—n baud omnino potuit ita coerceri quin brevi tempore petulantiam ac vanitatem sensim quidem primò occultè velut juvenili errore complexus suerit c. Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 18. Sir Thomas More Cuâ— Isabella Râ—gina Oxoniâ— esset una cum 〈◊〉 magno exercitu stipaâ—â— Episcopas concionem habuit in qua themate assumpto Dolet mihi caput oâ—â—endere conatus est caput insanum nec adhibitis opportunis remediis convalesceâ—s corpori dominari non debere Godw. de praesul Aâ—g Vide plura ibid. Speed Queen Isabel being to repass from Zeland into England with an Army in favour of her son against her husband had utterly been cast away had she come unto the Port intended being there expected by her enemies but fortune against her will brought her to another place where she safely landed Montaigne his Essayes l. 1. c. 33. Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 19. p. 382. commends her Speed Hollinsh Quo genere moriis Edwardus interierit non facile constat fama exit in vulgus illum dum ventrem purgaret fuisse veru transfixum per cluâ—es Polyd Virg. Ang hist l. 18. Fuerat nempè Rex iste inter â—mnes Reges orbis Principes gloriosus benignus clemens magnificus Belliger suit insignis fortunatus qui de cunctis congressibus in terrâ— in mari semper triumphali gloria victoriam reportavit Walsingh Hist. Ang. Edwardus tertius regnum saelicissimum rebus maximis à se gestis gloriofissimum ad annum secundum supra quinquagesimum produâ—it Godw. de praesul Ang. comment p. 119. Huic regi absque caeteris naturae ornamentis cum primis formae dignitas suffragabatur ingenium providum perspicax ac mite nihilporrâ— non sapienter non conâ—ideratè agebat homo permodestus frugi illos summè diligebat honoribusque ornabat ac amplificabat qui probitate modestia atque vitae innocentia allos antecederent Militaris disciplinae apprimè scâ—ens fuit ut res ab co gestae testimonio sunt Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 19. Il gaigna deux memorables batailles en France prist la ville de Calais deux grands Roys prisonniers rendit son nom redoutable à tous ses Voisins Histoire d'Angleterre Par du Chesne Floruere faelicia arma Edovardi tertii Regis qui de Iohanne Gallorum Rege capto speciocissimè triumphavit Ab hoc Edovardo Garcitenii equestris ordinis ceremoniam institutam ferunt Pauli Iovii Britanniae descriptio Hic est ille Edovardus qui Caletum urbem in continenti Galliae plures menses obsessum atque expugnatum Philippâ— Galliae Regi abhinc ducentis ser nè annis ademit Id. ib. Speed Id. ib. It was confirmed by thirty Parliaments in the succession of eight Kings This was the first Parliament we read of Sir Edward Cooks 4th part of Institutes Stow. He quartered the Arms of France with England Speed Gersey and Gernsey parcels of Normandy belong to the King of England Proâ—ssards Chron. c. 130. Daâ— hist. Speed Iohn de Serres The King of Bohemia was there slain whose plume of Ostridge feathers won then by the black Prince hath ever since been the cognizance of the â—rinces of Wales His eldest son sirnamed the Black Prince the mirrour of Chivalry not for his colour but dreaded in Battels He at the Battell of Câ—essy which bare two thirds of 8500 men fought with little less then 90000 and not many years after being fewer by three fourths The Welch his enemies in the Battell of Poicticrs he took King Iohn of France prisoner invironed by all the Princes Nobility of that Kingdome A young Prince twice a Conquerour having vanquished his enemy both by valour and courtesie 〈◊〉 Serres French Hist oâ— Iohn King of France Lhoâ—d in his History of â—â—ales calls him the 〈◊〉 of Chivalry of all Europe a Prince saith he of such excellent demeanour so valiant wise and politick in his doings that a perfect representation of Knighthood appeared most liveâ—â— in his person Seâ— more there p. 384 385. In the year 1â—49 〈◊〉 instituit Garterium ordinem cui â—auius deinde accessit honor 〈◊〉 maximos quosque Reges non penâ—tucâ—rit in id ventre Collegium â—olyd Vng. hist. l. 19. Vide plura ibi◠〈◊〉 hist. Belg. 〈◊〉 24. p. 285 286. In Richardo fuit forme gratia animus non vilis quem consociorum perversitas improbitas insulsitas extiuxitâ— fuit item summa infelicitas qui in talent calâ—â—itatem inâ— cidit ut in maximi beneficii pertenâ— accepeâ—it abdicare se imperio pro quo â—ortaies soleant 〈◊〉 omnia proâ—icere Polyd Virg. Ang. hist. l 21. He may be compared to Lewis the tenth of France called Huâ—â— which signifies mutiny because of his â—arbulent disposition this Montford gave the King 〈◊〉 Dan. hist. fâ—l 172. Cambd. Brit 〈◊〉 Worcestershire Mr. Bacons Uniform Government of England part 2. c. 1. Sir Iohn Arundel had two and fifty new suits of Apparel of cloath â— gold or tissue Hollinsh Chron. in Rich. the second Daniels third Book of Civil Wars â—ambd Briâ—annia in Surâ—ey Bellum Baroniâ—um Haywards life and Raign of Henry the fourth Haywards life and Raign of K. Henry the fourth Inter flores regia dignitas penes Rosam est Apud Anglos regia Rosa
rubra stirpis Eboracensis alba Lancastâ—ensis Spelm. Aspilogia Speed Trussels life and Raign of Richard the second Humfridus filius Henrici quarit sâ—ater Henrici quinti patruus Henrici sexti Regum Angliae excoluit tum juvenis tum etiam senex virtutem ut qui maximo Hinc clarus domi militiaeque bonis omnibus gratissâ—mus Amavit praeter caetera politas literas quibus etiam impendio invigilavit Vidi ego libellum de rebus astronomicis ab eo non infaeliciter scriptum Mecaenas ille quidem doctorum omnium quos illis temporibus vel Anglia vel Gailâ—a vel Italia protulii Testes exemplaria antiquissima quidem illa numero 1296 quae Academiae ad Isidis viâ—um fitae inchoata ibidem longè pulcherrimâ— operis Bibliotheca liberaliter contulit Lel. comment in Cygn Cant. Vide ejus l. 3. de vtris illustribus He took delight to lie lurking in high wayes to steal from himself for observing the times that his Tenants were to bring home his rents he would set upon them yea sometimes to the danger of his life making them make good in their accounts as much as had been stolen from them neither could they defraud him for he himself knew best how much they had lost And if they chanced to hurt or evil treat him he liked them the better Sir Francis Biondi of the Civil Warres of England The Prince impatient of contradiction and who was naturally given to blows insomuch as he would disguise himself to seek occasion for them gave the Judge such a Cuffe on the ear as would have stunned any one who had been less resolute then he but the Judge neither frighted with the blow nor losing his former gravity said unto him that the injury done unto him sitting on that seat was an offence done unto the King to whom and to whose Laws he the Prince was doubly obliged as a Subject and as a son Sir Francis Biondi of the Civil Warres of England p. 102 103. Sir Francis Biondi of the Civil Wars of England Sir Richard Bakers Chronicle Grasion Hollinsh Quod benevolentiae officium nulli antea priusquam Rex renunciatus esset praestitum constat adeo Henricus ab incuâ—ta aetate spem omnibus optinae indolis fecit Polyd Virg. Ang. hist. Speed Hic vir hic fuit qui à primo docuit honores ut est in Proverbio debere mutare mores c. Polyd Virg ib. Dolem Confer touching Success part 1. c. 3. He was so devout and serviceable to the Pope and his Chaplains that he was called of many the Prince of Priests Fox his Acts and Monum v. l. 1. Cambd. Britannia in Monmouthshire Speed V. debatur Deorum hominiemque consensus conspiratio esse in Anglicam fortnnam cùm ecce subitò in pejus omnia labi cunctà que retrò ferri Henricus ille Regum flos illud belli fulmen suorum delicium in medio victoriae cursu fatis ostensus tantùm moritur infante regni bellìque haerede relicto Forstneri omissorum libeâ— ad l. 1. Annal Taciti Constantius Chlorus father unto the Emperour Constantine the Great having commanded that all such Christians as would not adoâ—â— his Gods should depart from his service did nevertheless is banish all thoâ—e that denied their faith and retained the others in his service and favour whereâ—â— he gave this reason That those who had so little conscience as to be false unto their God could not be true to him Treasury of timeâ— l 9 c. 6. Hollinsh As Henry the fifth prophesieth here of his son Henry so Henry the sixth afterward prophesied likewise of his son Henry Matth. Paris hist. Ang Henr. 1. p 62. mentions also a prophesie of William the Conquerour concerning his son Henry the first Aequanimis esto sili comfortare in Domino pacifiâ—è sustiâ—e ut fratres tui majores te praecedant tu autem tempore tuo honorem totum quem adquisivi habebis fratribus tuis divitiis potcstate praecâ—lles Dux Bedfordiae vir tam pace optimus quam bello for tissimus Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l 23. Vide plura ibid. Bacons uniform Government of England part 2. c. 13. He lived thirry six years His innocency gave him holiness Sir Francis Bacon Habingtons History of Edw. the fourth Cambd. Brit. in Yorkeshire Biondi Trussells continuat of Dan-Hist Erat Henricus vir miti simplicìque ingenio qui pacem bello qui requietem solicitudini qui honestum utili 〈…〉 curis anteponebat quodemum nihil castius nibil probius nihil sanctius in eo pudor modestia integritas patientia summa qui humanos casus aerumâ—as omnia id genus vitae tormenta perinde aequo animo ferebat ac si ipsius culpa contracta essent continebat se ut facilè quibus praecrat contincret non inhiabat opes firtebat honores at animae tantum saluti studebat qua sola sapienter quidem bona ejùsque amissione mala metiebatur ac desiniebat Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist c. 23 p. 492. In weighty matters his affirmation was forsooth and forsooth Fuit Henricus animo liberali qui bonarum artium studia mirabatur eâ—s diligebat in quibus eas esse videret quare suos ipse quoque juvit ut doctrina crudirentur Condidit euim Scholam magnificam ad Hetonam pagum proximum Vindesoram in quo collocavit Collegium sacerdotum pucrorùmque magno numero qui ibi nâ—â—rirentur docerentque Grammaticam gratuito Idem Cantabridgiae autor fuit Collegiircgii quod bodie ita disciplinarum eultu floret ut facile omnium Collegiorum sitâ— Princeps Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 24. p. 532. Daniels eighth Book of Civil Warres His Propheticall speech Caeterùm illud infortunium apud vulgus predigio creditur esse demonstratum quandoquidem ferunt cùm ipse Henricus paulò antè in Senatu ornatus regio habitu consideret subitò coronam è capite in terram cecidisse Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 23. Ob pictatem vir babitus sanctissimus ob inertiam tamen inter pessiâ—nos Reges numerandus nam Galliam à patresubactam amisit turpiter ac postea deinde Angliae etiam regno excidit Godw. de Praesul Angl. * Philip the third King of Spain was wholly addicted to exercises of piety alwayes fingering his Beads he sympathized much in nature with this King but was not so unfortunate for he preserved what his father left him whereas Henry the sixth lost France where he had been crowned King in his cradle Howel his History of Naples Gulielmus Alnwick Episcopus Lincolniensis homo propter doctrinam morum sanctitatem tant celebris ut priscorum Regum sanctissimus Henricus sextus in confessionem cum sibi asciverit Godw. de Praes Ang. Stubbs his discourse against Q Eliz. French match Hollinsh Fuit Edwardus corpore proceâ—o ac eminents quippe qui inter omnes exâ—ellcret statura honesta facie laetis oculis patenti pectore
ingenio acri animo magno memoria tenacissima Polyd. Virg. Lib 2. c. 8. he shews that an interview between two great Princes for treaty of their affairs hurteth more then profiteth Habingtons Hist. of Edw. the fourth The title and claim of the house of Lancaster was but faigned See Lamberts Perambul of Kent Alexander the Great sayling on a time in Tygris with divers Princes and great Lords it chanced his Royall Diadem fell from his head into the River where being in danger to be lost a Sailer that could swim cast himself into the water and notwithstanding the fierceness of that stream adventured his life to save his Soveraigns Diadem and having recovered it and not being able to bring it in his hand being of necessity to use both hands to save His life he held it in his teeth but being to work â—nd strive against the stream he puâ— it upon his head and so with much perill of life recovered the Ship and presented the Emperour with his Diadem This loyall and brave adventure of his was most bountifully and Princely rewarded and moreover he had leave and time given him to dispose and bestow his reward to whom he would but was judged to forfeir that head upon which he had presumed to put the Ensign of Majesty The justice of the sentence is agreeable to the grounds of true policy which in no case can admit a Subject to make himself a soveraign no not for an hour Crashams Rates of the Popes Custome-house c. 13. Mr. Fox saith he meant by those words his own house That whip-King as some termed him Cambd. Brit. in Warwickeshire Habington Yet Henry of Bullenbrook son to Iohn of Gaunt was more powerfull See Dr. Heylins Animadversions on the Church-Hist of Brittain l. 4. p. 78 79. Sir Francis Bacons Hist. of K. Henry the 7th He is by generall consent numbered amongst the Kings and named Edward the fifth although he never wore the Crown nor took any Oath nor exercised any Authority The Crown is but a Ceremony to make the King known to his people Sir Thomas Mores Hist. of K. Richard the third Cambd. Brit. in Glocestershire Speed Cambd. Brit. in Dorsâ—tshire Sir Walter Rauleighs Preface to his History of the world Is uâ—us fuit ex percussoribus Edovardi Principis sexti Henriciâ—ilii â—ilii qui demum pari est affectus caede Ita Hastingius suo ad extremum periculo didicit illam naturae legem secundum Evangelicum verbum omnia quae vultis ut vobis faciant homines sic vos facite illis impunè violari non posse Polyd Virg Ang hist. l. 25. Verum id credo non fuâ—t somnium sed conscientia scelerum conscientia inquam cò gravior quò culpa major c. Polyd. Virg. Aug. hist. lib. 25. pag. 562. Iohn Du Scrres Hist. of France He and Q. Mary raigned the shortest while of any since the Conquest See Psal. 55. 23. Primus omnium Angliae Regum stipâ—toreâ— corporis habere caepit quod à Francis Principibus sumpsisse ferturâ— Polyd. Virg. The Kings Guard when first instituted Sir Franck Bacons Hist. of Henry the 7th Speed Hollinsh Chron. Vide Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 26 p. 616. Sir Walter Rauleighs Preface to his History of the world Sir Thomas Eliots Governour Henricus noster septimus cùm omnes regni rectè administrandi artes calleret sic his ornamentis instructus venit ut cum pacem exulantem exul extorremque extorris concomitatus esset reducem quoque redux apportaret Twin Com. de reb Brit. He was a wise man and an excellent King Sir Francis Bacons Epist. Dedicat to his hist. He cals him in his hist this Salomon of England not only for his actions but wisdome Sir Walter Rauleighs Preface to his hist. The story of England from the uniting of the Roses to the uniting of the Kingdomes is a space of time which in my judgement contains more variety of rare events then in like number of successions ever was known in an Hereditary Kingdome Sir Francis Bacons Advancement of learning l. 2. c. 7. See more there There have died in England in these Civil Warres since my remembrance above fourscore person of the bloud Royall Phil. dem Comin l 1. c. 2. p. 22. Quae exsurrexere factiones magnae Romanam Rempublicam peâ—sum dedere Duae quadraetae P Rempublicam illam â—vertere patritia plebeia factio Duae hic turbarunt grandes R. Rosae duae quae in unam arctissimè mixtae per ipsam veram mixtionem commixtae sanguinis placarunt omnia Albericus Gentilis de unione Regnorum isput 2 It happened that there was fallen in communication of the story of Ioseph how his master Potiphars wife would have pulled him to her bed and he â—led away Now Master Maior quoth the King you are a tall strong man on the one side and a cunning Doctor on the other what would you have done if you had not been Joseph but in Josephs stead By my troth quoth he and it like your Grace I cannot tell what I would have done but I can tell what I should have done The King replied He answered well Sir Thomas Mores Dialogue l. 1. * Sir Francis Bacons Hist of Henry the 7th Tempore fami geratissimi istius Arthuri de quo tam incredibilia narrantur à nostris ut â—aâ—sa intermixta veris fidem derogantia meritissima laude defraudarint vâ—rum hand dubie insignem aeterna memoria dignissimum Godw. de praesul Ang. Hic est Arthurus de quo Brittonum nugae bodieque delirant dignus plane quem non fallaces somâ—iarent fabulae sed veraces praedicarent historiae quippe qui labantem patriam diu sustinuerit infractasque civiâ—m mentes ad bellum acuerit Malmeâ—b de gestis Regum Anglorum l. 1. c. 1. Regem illum inclitissimum Arthurum legimus duos â—â—racones in suis armis portasse Pater suus Vter qui Pen-dragon vocabatur habuit magnum corpus longum cum capite multum parvo ad fimilitudinem Draconis qua de cause Pen-dragon i. e. caput Draconiâ— vocabatur Et sic dictus Rex Arthur portavit arma paterna propter habitudinem corporis patris sui assumpta Bissaei notae in Uptoâ—um Vide Twini Comment de rebus ` Britannicis p. 124 125 161. Sir Francis Bacons hist. of Henry the seventh Id. ib. * By some Antimonarchicall Writers whom I will not undertake to justifie Sir Francis Bacons hist. of Henry the seventh Nulli Regum antca cúm inâ— numerato tum in moventibus rebus major venerat haereditas Polyd. Viâ—g hist. l. 28. de Henâ—ico 8â— Anno Dom. 1509. He overthrew Sir William Kingstone both horse and man before three Queens Herberts hist. of Henry the 8th Having a desire to marry within degrees unlawfull he set his learned men on work to prove it lawfull and again after a while being cloy'd and desiring change set them again on work to prove the