amounts to 78732 l. 12 s. per annum and it is judged the Estates of his Royal Highness the Earles of Corke   Anglesey and Strafford with other Noblemen and Gentlemen of England by old and new Titles draw over as much more both which is per annum 157465 40  which they spend and lay out in Purchases in England c. which for 15 years amounts to  2361978 0 0 So that this one drain if no sluce can be contrived to stop its current must necessarily draw Ireland dry of Wealth if all the forementioned impediments were removed which our predecessors have long groaned under and several strict Laws have been made to prevent it as in the third year of Richard 2. Sir John Davies gives an account of an Ordinance made in England against such as were absent from their Lands in Ireland which gave two thirds of their Profits to the King until they returned to Ireland or placed a sufficient number of Englishmen to defend the same Which saith he was grounded upon good reason of State and was put in execution for many years after as appeareth by sundry Seisures made thereupon in the time of Richard the 2. Henry the 4. Hen. 5. and Hen. 6. whereof there remain Records in the Remembrancers Office here amongst the rest the Duke of Norfolk himself was not spared but impleaded upon this Ordinance for two parts of the Profit of his Estate and afterwards himself the Earl of Shrewsbury the Lord Berkley and others who had Lands in Ireland kept their continual residence in England were entirely reassumed by the Act of Absentees made the 28th year of King Hen. 8. thus much Sir Jo. Davies p. 199.   And though it might seem hard these Laws should now be executed yet it is harder a Nation should be ruined and if themselves be necessarily detained in His Majesties Service or by their greater concerns in England yet why they should not consign their Interest in this Kingdom to their younger Sons c. or be engaged some other way to spend a good part of their Rents here is not easily answered unless private mens Interest be to be prefer'd before the publick for this is a burthen this Kingdom will not be long able to bear   I might also insist upon the great expence this Kingdom is at in educating the Sons of most persons of Quality in the Inns of Court and Universities in England and Foreign Countries which is computed to cost this Country at least 10000 pound per ann as also the necessary Attendance of our Nobility and Gentry at Court besides the Expences of their Persons and Retinue their Charge for new Honours Offices and Estates computed to 10000 pound per ann is for both per ann 20000 0 0  which for fifteen years amounts to  300000 0 0 7. The chief Governors for eight years of this Period aliens to Irelands peculiar Interest their Salaries and Perquisites at least per annum 12000 l. their Attendants and Dependents coming and returning with them estimated at 1000 l. per annum both which for the said eight years amounts to  104000 0 0 Add to this the voluntary unnecessary expence of this Kingdom in foreign Manufactures c. as stated Chapter the second is per annum 267500 0 0  which for fifteen years amounts to  4012500 0 0 As also the Expence of Debaucherys treated of in chap. 3. computed at per anum 294000 0 0  which for the like time amounts to  4410000 00 00 There is also to be added as a yearly Charge in case of the Chief Governors being a Foreigner to Irelands Interest 13000 0 0  The yearly Charge of Ireland is per an 913465 4 0  The total for this Period is  13512660 10 A Consumption great enough to begger rich England much more poor Ireland   The End of the First Part. THE INTEREST OF IRELAND IN ITS TRADE and WEALTH STATED PART II. Proposing Expedients for Ireland's Relief against its Trade-obstructing and Wealth-consuming Maladies hinted in the first Part. By Richard Lawrence Esq Dublin Printed by Jos Ray for Jo. North Sam. Helsham J. Howes W. Winter and El. Dobson Booksellers 1682. An Alphabetical Table of the principle things in the second Part. A. THe Act of Parliament of 17 Car. 2. Irelands Magna Charta and why p. 49 50 Army of Ireland to be managed for the planting of the Countrey and how p. 97 Army of Ireland how it ought to be qualified p. 114 115 Aliens why Protestants of England are to be so esteem'd to the peculiar Interest of Ireland p. 115 to 122 Apostates first from Primitive Purity and Truth in Religion who p. 218 to 220 Antichrist who so esteem'd by Popish Authors p. 206 to 221 B. Of Banks p. 1 2 3 4 Bankers their Insolvency hath been a great damage to Ireland p. 4 Bank East-India its Constitution p. 7 Bankers great benefit by their united Stocks p. 8 Banks prosperity depends on the Princes countenance p. 9. Banks universally useful to a Countrey lowers Interest Exchange and nurseth Manufacturies p. 10 11 Banks secure Peace rescue Trade out of Forreigners hands increase Shipping Fishings c p. 12 13 Banks accommodate persons of all Ranks and Trades p. 16 17 Bank methods of managing p. 37 38 Bank Security is most visible solvent and freest from trouble and hazard p. 35 Babylon mystical where p. 220 221 C. Corporation Trade the foundation of the great Trade of London Amsterdam Venice c. p. 17 Corporation Trade raised the Hance-Towns of Germany p. 18 Corporation Trade still enrich'd the place of its residence p. 25 Governs the Trade of the Countrey p. 32 Catalogue of Irelands chief Governors from ann 1271 to 1680. p. 122 to 156 Coins whether advisable to enhance their Value or debase their Alloy in Ireland p. 173 to 181 Council of Trent their Illegality c. p. 215 to 217 Christians in Asia Affrica c. of the Protestant Faith exceed the number of Papists in Europe p. 218 D. Divisions in Religion much obstruct the Trade and Wealth of Ireland p. Q. R. Dissenters ought to avoid being engaged in Factions of State p. M. N. O. Dissenters cannot rationally expect protection from a Prince or State to whom they will not give all security in their power for their Loyalty p. L. M. Dissenting Protestants not dangerous to the State of Ireland though they were as malignant against the Religion establish'd as the Papists p. I. K. L. Doctrine of Devils by whom taught p. 221 E. Englands danger if Ireland were possess'd by an enemy especially by the French Englands just Title to what they possess of Ireland p. 73 to 76 Englands Factions still weakned its Interest in Ireland p. 75 76 Establishment of Ireland p. 156 to 162 Excommunication of Princes by Popes frequent p. 233 234 Errors in Nonconformity more dangerous than errors in Conformity when p. O. P.
Health increaseth and that this is Irelands present case is manifest for if it be considered that before the last Rebellion the Irish Interest was potent 1. The Irish were far the greater number of Proprietors of Land possessing ten Acres for one whereas now of the Ten millions eight hundred sixty eight thousand nine hundred forty nine Acres returned by the last Survey of Ireland the Irish Papists are possest but of Two millions forty one thousand one hundred and eight Acres which is but a small matter above the fifth part of the whole and as the Proprietors of Lands so is it in their Plantations for where there was one English Planter before the last Rebellion 1641. it is judged there is three now and in several of the principal Counties next adjacent to England as Wicklow and VVexford where there was ten Irish Papists to one English Protestant the odds now lies on the other hand 2. Before 1641. their Interest in the Lands and Popularity of the Inhabitants necessitated the Government to admit them to all County-Offices as High Sheriffs Justices c. wherby they had opportunity to encourage the Irish and discountenance the English but now not one Irish Sheriff or Justice in the Kingdom 3. Before the Rebellion the chief Inhabitants of all principal Cities and strong Towns were Irish Papists who bore all Offices and managed the chief Trade of those places all which places are now planted or at least governed by English Protestants 4. Before the Rebellion those Freeholders and Proprietors of Lands there were in Ireland were not the Kings Tenants but derived their Titles from the Irish Noblemen and Gentlemen which contracted an immediate dependence upon them and kept an awing influence over them for though the Kings of England were owned as Lords of Ireland yet the Lords of Ireland ruled as Kings and were so stiled by the Kings of England as is observed by Sir John Davis out of several Records saith he They governed their people by their Brehon Law they made their Magistrates and Officers they pardoned and punished all Malefactors they made War and Peace one with another without controlment and this to the Reign of Queen Elizabeth pag. 13 14. So Hovendon p. 312. and were not entirely subjected to the English Laws until the 9th of King James but had that learned Observer lived until the 12th of Charles the Second he would have admitted Ireland was never entirely subjected to the Crown of England nor the Lands of Ireland never properly called the Kings Land until the Act of Settlement then past as Sir Audley Mervin then Speaker to the House of Commons in his Speech to the Duke of Ormonde called that Act Irelands Magna Charta it exceeding all former Grants of the Kings of England and former Submissions of the body of the People of Ireland in these particulars 1. As a free Act of Grace when His Majesty was under no politick Obligation but what meer Grace and Bounty mov'd him to which never any Grant before was for though they were still stiled Acts of Grace yet Reason of State interposed for them which will be easily granted if the State of England and Ireland be compared at the time of those former Royal Confessions when the Irish still treated with their Swords in their hands or at least hid where they knew how to find them if they were not answered in their expectation as in the History of Desmonds and Tyrones c. Rebellion is manifest 2. Former Grants did only dispose of some Countrys or Lordships to some few persons who depended upon the Crown and all others upon them but this of the whole Land that was not before disposed of whereby there is more Tenants to the Crown settled by this Act above forty for one than by any former Grants 3. Not only the Lands of Ireland but all the Cities and strong walled Towns are secured in hands true to the Crown of England by this Act that never were before 4. By this Act there is a Revenue secured to the King sufficient to maintain a compleat Army to preserve the Peace which never was before Therefore I argue the state of the Interest not only of the Crown but of the Kingdom of Ireland is altered as to the Freehold Interest above double nay treble to what it ever was before the English being in possession by that Act of four millions five hundred sixty thousand thirty seven Acres and the Irish but in two millions three hundred twenty three thousand eight hundred and nine so that if the majority of Proprietors may give the denominations to a Country which usually it doth Ireland is become West England Besides this the governing party universally professeth and only incourageth the English publick Worship it is governed by English Laws enacted by English Parliaments and administred by English Judges guarded by an English Army and governed by English Ministers of State to that degree it never was before and all this administred by the absolute Commission from the King of England and must it yet be kept under and esteemed of as an Irish Interest and Country when the very Nature and civil Constitution of Ireland is altered and proportionably ought the Wealth and Prosperity of it to be promoted by England for these Reasons 1. It is the Interest both of the Crown and People of England to enable the English Interest of Ireland not only to support its self in peace but to defend its self in war which nothing but promoting its Trade and Wealth will do especially the Wealth of its Cities and walled Towns for the increasing its Wealth in the Fields doth rather increase its danger by enouraging the needy Natives the rather to rise when they observe how easily they can possess themselves of so great a Booty but the Wealth of the Cities and strong Towns which is the trading Stock of the Nation is secure and ready to be imployed in the defence of their King and Countries Interest when in danger besides they are the only security and refuge to the distressed English when banished from their Country Habitations and these places of strength cannot subsist without Trade and Manufacture but by more chargeable Garisons than the Revenue of Ireland will bear And what Ireland cannot do in order to its safety England must supply to prevent its own danger for if ever an Enemy surprize and possess Ireland especially the French England must maintain a greater standing Force to secure themselves than would have preserved Ireland if imployed in its Defence it is not a groundless proverb He that would England win must with Ireland first begin and if the French who hath already the opposite Coast and Harbours from Dunkirk to Brest ever obtain Ireland they will then surround three parts of four of England and a great part of Scotland so near that in a few hours they may invade what part they please which would necessitate England to be at the charge of
had they been permitted quietly to enjoy this small part they so rightfully possest they had gone no further But instead thereof Roderick King of Connaght then sole Monarch of Ireland raiseth the whole Kingdom to drive out Mac Morrough and his Welshmen upon which he appeals to Strongbow and renewes former contracts who hasts over with about 1200 fresh Men by them wars with the Waterfordians who were in Arms against him took the City and married the Kings Daughter with an assurance of the Reversion of the Kingdom and soon after disperses his Enemies then surrendred all his Conquests to the King who came over with a new Force to secure his Interest which so terrified the Irish that all their Kings and great Lords proffered to to be tributary and swore Allegiance and had they so continued they had felt no farther damages But no sooner was the Kings back turned but they are again up in Arms to disposess the English of what they had so justly atchieved who still subdued them and gained ground of them and obtained Grants of their new Conquests until all the Irish Kings and great Lords were vanquished and their Lands c. possest by the English Victors the Heirs of Ulster and Connaght married to the Kings Subjects whose successive Heirs in process of time were married unto the Royal Family and so their Lands and Honours came Hereditary in the Crown who of right disposed of them at pleasure Now had it not been the Interest as well as the Duty of the Irish to have submitted to their first Concessions Then Dermot Mac Morrough had sustained no wrong his right Heir had enjoyed his Dominion and the rest of the Irish great Lords had enjoyed their particular Rights none pretended to disturb them until constrained in their own defence So if we take a further view of their many Insurrections and perfidious Rebellions since they held their Honours and Lands from the Crown of England it will appear they were tempted to it by the weakness of the English Interest as in times of troubles in England by the Barons Wars and Struggles betwixt the two Roses c. When the Kings of England drew over part of their Army for Ireland some taking one side and some the other which did not only weaken Englands Strength in Ireland but divided what were left into powerful Factions betwixt the great English Lords of Ireland which became the cause of the ruine of that great Family of Desmond with several others of good Rank who though degenerated from their English Civilities yet after they turned Rebels against their Prince they fell wholly off to the Interest Manners and Customs of his and their own former Irish Enemy whereby Ireland was to be new conquered and replanted for the degenerate English were more stubborn Rebels and with more difficulty subdued than the rebellious Natives for although their Minds and Manners were degenerated they had so much English Blood left in their Veins as gave them English Courage and Resolution whereby Tho. Fitz Giralds and Desmonds Rebellions became harder work to subdue than any before them they also receiving great Incouragements and Aids from the Pope and King of Spain upon the account of Religion they became obdurate the same Indulgences that were granted to the Souldiers fighting against the Turk in the holy War being sent them whereby their Consciences were not only released from their Obligations of Allegeance to their Prince but strongly engaged on the behalf of holy Church to extirpate that mad and venemous Doctrine and Hellish Opinion as the Protestant Faith was then termed in a Pamphlet then publish'd intituled A Declaration of the Divines of Salamanca and Vallidolid dispersed through Ireland by O Sullivan a Spanish Priest which with divers other practices of the Irish to shake off the English Government is rehearsed and press'd by that pious Prelate Primate Usher the Glory of the Irish Protestant Church in his elegant Speech to an Assembly of all the States of Ireland April 1627. in which he defends my Assertion that it is the Interest of the Irish to aid and support the Prosperity of the English Interest amongst them and had they had Grace to have believed him some thousands of Irish Families now utterly ruined might have been in a prosperous state And after he had minded them of their traiterous tendering the Regency of Ireland to the French King and upon his refusal to the Spaniard which was by him accepted for although Henry the fourth of France was not Apostate enough to invade his Protestant Neighbours yet Charles the fifth of Spain and his Son Philip were Papist enough to admit the Popes Donation which the Irish obtained for them Title good enough not only to claim Ireland and invade it with several Armies of Italians and Spaniards who landed at Kinsale and Kerry to their cost but also to attempt England by their supposed invincible Armado in 88. but the invincible just God did not only deliver us from their power the Sword destroying his Land Souldiers in Ireland and the Sea swallowing up his Naval Force assayling England but also from that time blasted the Counsels and Successes of that aspiring Monarch that their Fame and Potency hath ever since dwindled away Portugal and the Low Countries soon after revolted and the stately Don who then talk'd and acted as proudly as Monsieur doth now was so far from beeing able to invade his Neighbours he hath been put to his shifts to secure his Hereditary Countries and as old as I am I hope to live to see it the case of Monsieur who though now stiled the most Christian King hath declared himself the most inveterate Enemy to the most Christian Faith and Profession in the Christian World and let but the Defender of the Faith turn his Subjects loose with his Commission in their pockets they would soon covince him of it and let him know that the English Blood that inspired their Ancestors at the Battel of Agincourt c. is boyling hot in their Veins and that Charles the Second may be as dreadful to France as ever was Henry the fifth c. when he pleaseth if our God hath not given us up for our impious provocations to be a prey and a spoil as he did Israel to the Assyrians a bitter and hasty Nation But to return to my Argument that it is the Interest of the Irish Papists to further the Protestant English Interest in Ireland I shall return to my reverend Author saith he They put me in mind of the Philosophers Observations that such who have a vehement respect to a few inferiour things are easily misled to overlook many great things so saith he they have so deep a sense of their present burthen of contributing small matters towards the support of the Kings Army to secure us from foreign Invasions that they overlook all those miserable Desolations that will come upon them by a long and heavy War which the having of an
the naked English were massacred therefore it is the Interest of this Kingdom it should be penal in the Officers of the Army to inlist and muster any of the settled Inhabitants capable of serving in the Militia for thereby the Country is weakned in its Military strength and the King disappointed of a marching Army whereas were all persons thus qualified disbanded and the Officers prohibited listing such without special License from the General you would soon have the Foot Companies filled with young brisk Lads who would throng out of England for Entertainment which would more tend to increase and strengthen the English Interest in Ireland than any other Expedient that can be proposed As it is the Interest of Ireland to give incouragement to English Protestants to come and enjoy Military Imployments and Preferments among them so is it the same for Civil and Ecclesiastical Imployments provided still they settle and abide with us But that which is the Grievance of this Kingdom is that either Military or Civil Imployments should be enjoyed by Nonresidents or otherwise persons who only come over to enjoy the Profit of their Office and so soon as they have received what Benefit it affords to return for England and carry their Gains with them of which sort Ireland has most suffered by English Chief Governours and English Farmers and Commissioners of the Revenue and their Attendants and Dependants coming and returning with them the Damage sustained by this Kingdom in the period of 15 years thereby is computed in the Chapter of Irelands involuntary Charge and Expence And that which I shall further endeavour to demonstrate is that it is not only its damage in respect of the Charge Ireland sustains but many other ways inconvenient and prejudicial 1. For the chief Governour though there might be some reason of State in times past why they should not only be of English Blood but English by Birth and Interest yet the case is altered now and the Act of Parliament in the 10th of Hen. 7th that none but such as were born in the Realm of England should be Constables of the Castles of Dublin Trim Athlone Leistipe Carlingford Wicklow c. had no respect to the civil politick Government but the Execution of penal Laws upon Offenders those Castles being made use of as Prisons to secure dangerous persons in which is declared in the body of the Statute viz. Which Castles have been negligently kept and such as have been committed to the Constables or Keepers of them for Treason Felony c. suffered to escape wilfully to the great prejudice of our Soveraign Lord and of all the said Land therefore be it ordained and enacted c. so that other Act 23d of Hen. 8th to regulate the Election of the chief Governour by the Council on the death of the Lord Lieutenant c. until the Kings pleasure was known did not respect preferring English by Birth before English by Blood but to secure the Sword from unfit Hands who by their powerful Interest might awe their own Election and be mischievous before the King could declare his pleasure as appears by the said Act * Irish Stat. fol. 214 215. as followeth The said Counsellours have full Power and Authority by vertue of this Act to elect and chuse one such person as shall be an Englishman and born within the Realm of England being no spiritual person to be Iustice and Governor of this Realm of Ireland during the Kings Highness Pleasure if there shall be at that time any such person within this Realm c. if not then to elect and chuse two persons of the said Council of English Blood and Sirname being no spiritual person c. which I cite to refute that vulgar Error that the Lord Lieutenant c. must be born in England because otherwise he is not capable of governing in the Castle of Dublin whereas the Office of Constable is a distinct inferior thing from the Governor of the Castle but whatever reason of State former times might have the case is otherwise now for as it is shewn in the Chapter of Englands Interest in Irelands Prosperity the state of the English Interest in Ireland is changed from a weak infirm state that needed Physick to a strong healthful state that only requires Food the Propriety of Lands the Plantation of Cities and strong Towns inhabited and governed by English the Countries so planted with English as all our High Sheriffs Justices of the Peace c. all English and the English Laws are duely and equally in all parts executed by English Judges and Officers c. 〈◊〉 â—jâ—rity of both Houses of Parliament Engl◠〈…〉 was never the case of Ireland â—â—fore that 〈◊〉 â—ow needs nothing but diligent 〈…〉 câ—â—roborate and improve its advantag◠〈◊〉 which none but such who are acquainted with 〈…〉 and Constitution and thoroughly 〈…〉 prosperity are capable of 〈…〉 1. Being unâ—â—quâ—iâ—â—â—â— with intelligent persons of the several Parties they 〈◊〉 understand the various and different â—â—â—nouâ— and Interests of the people indeed if the Inhabitants were all Irish Papists or all English Protestants or were these two grand parties of entire Interest among themselves their work were more easie but as they have each their grand Interest and bond of Friendship the Papists the Interest of their Church by whose aid and countenance they expect their Succour and the Protestants the Interest of their Prince by whose Authority and Favour they enjoy all they possess yet they have each amongst themselves their different and peculiar Interests both Religigious and Civil as I shall after shew And a Chief Governour unacquainted with persons and things will find it difficult work to carry himself to the equal satisfaction of all parties with Security to the Government and Incouragement of Trade c. 2. The short continuance sometimes two sometimes three years rarely four we had three in less than eight years viz. from the Lord Roberts entring September 18th 1669. to the Earl of Essex's surrender August 24th 1677. so that by that time they understand their Work they are called from it saith Borlacy The vicisitude of Governours hath been observed by some to be exceeding prejudicial to the publick private Respects often introducing notable things in the State according to their Interests who governed not the publicks diversi Imperatoribus mores diversa fuêre studia sometimes to the degenerating of the old English into the Irish customs through their negligence and indulgence other times to the alienating the Irish by their severity from the benefit of a well tempered and orderly Government both equally destructive to the Prince And yet too long a Residence in so eminent a Place may over-heat a great Spirit if not bounded with excellent Principles Whence the Romans those great Masters of Government rarely admitted their Vicegerents to brood on a Province that their Continuance there might not increase Self-interest The longest time any continued in this Government how
a considerable standing Army and Fleet to prevent French Invasion at double the charge of preserving Ireland now and the Invader with two ordinary Squadrons of Ships one at Brest and the other at Baltimore Bantrie or any of those bold Western Harbours they would so distress the Trade of England a Ship should with much difficulty pass Southward without a great Convey but they would seize him and then possessing the Wools of Ireland they would utterly ruine the Clothing Trade of England and if nothing else can that will convince England when too late that the strength of the English Interest of Ireland is their Bulwark as to foreign Invasion of their Country and violent wresting from thence their Trade The second Reason is because Englands neglect herein hath been the cause of that intolerable charge Ireland hath cost England in preserving and recovering its Interest in Ireland in times past more than Ireland was worth to be bought and sold when Henry the second first conquered it Cambden in his Appendix to Eliz. tells us Tyrones War cost England one million one hundred ninty eight thousand seven hundred and seventeen pounds Borlacy in his History of the Rebellion of 1641. computes the Charge of England in that War unto twenty two millions one hundred ninty one thousand two hundred fifty eight pounds three shillings then compute the Charge of its first Conquest by Henry the second with the suppressing of the several Rebellions from that time unto Tyrones Rebellion 1595. to cost England but double as much as Tyrones Suppression did which if Spencer mistakes not were every seven years in the Queens time and he writ his View of Ireland in the later end of her long Reign of forty four years which were at least six Rebellions in the Queens time and it is evident by our Histories as I have noted in my Catalogue Ireland never enjoyed seven years peace together from its first Conquest to that time then Ireland hath cost England twenty four millions five hundred eighty eight thousand six hundred ninty two pounds which is near three pounds per Acre one with another for all the Land they possess in Ireland which is above double its value now and above four times its worth to purchase Anno 1172. when Henry the second conquered it and so sensible were our Predecessors hereof that in the 11th year of Queen Elizabeth Sir Henry Sidney Lord Deputy in the Preamble to the Act of Parliament for a Subsidy they thus expressed themselves to the Queen viz. Considering the infinite masses of Treasure able to purchase a Kingdom that your most noble Progenitors have exhausted for the Government Defence and Preservation of your Majesties Realm of Ireland and in the body of the said Act thus We for the Alienation of some part of your Majesties inestimable Charge do revive the said Subsidy yet after this Desmond and towards the later end of the Queens Reign Tyrone were chargeable Rebels to Ireland and that most excellent Governour of whom Campion gives this Character A man much beloved stately without disdain familiar without contempt very continent learned in many Languages a great Lover of Learning skilful in Antiquities in utterance happy c. This Noble person who had spent the most part of his Life in Ireland viz. from the third of Queen Mary to the thirteenth of Elizabeth March 25. 1571. in his most elegant Speech in Parliament printed at large by Campion in Reply to some that grumbled at the Charge of the Army reasons thus Many a good fellow talks of Robin Hood that never drew in his Bow and many an idle Head is full of Proclamations c. but let me see which of them can justifie that Ireland can spare the Army c. Are your Enemies more tractable are they fewer are your selves of force to match them if you be then were England stark mad to disburse thirty thousand pounds a year for no other purpose but to vex and grieve you that were like the Husband who gelded himself to anger his Wise c. whose Arguments are still in force for the keeping up a potent Army in Ireland notwithstanding the Charge I could give many instances of the vast Charge Ireland hath put England unto above what it was ever worth to purchase all which intolerable Charge hath proceeded from the not improving the English Interest in Ireland by Trade and Manufactures whereby the English Planters have been constrained to betake themselves to Husbandry amongst the Irish for their livelihood and the Irish being better acquainted with the nature of the Soyl and accustomed to a more frugal way of living have eaten up the substance of the English by which they have been constrained to court their Friendship and by their Fosterings and mixtures by Marriage multitudes of them have embraced their Religion Customs and Manners and degenerated to their Interest as was manifest in the last Rebellion the strength of the Irish consisted in the degenerate English And as Ireland is thus altered in its Estates strong Holds c. treble to what it ever was before so the Inhabitants both Irish and degenerate old English are many of them now English Protestants there are many of the Tooles Burns Cavenaghs Releys ô Neales ô Bryans ô Moores ô Sulivants Mac Cartys Mac Laughlins Mac Guires c. are now English Protestants and more might have been long since saith Spencer if the English Government had done their parts to have supplied the Country with learned pious and painful Preachers that would have out-preach'd and out-liv'd the Irish Priests in holy and godly Conversations which that most intelligent Observer of Englands Defects in the Irish Affairs pag. 113. saith thus In planting of Religion thus much is needful to be observed c. that it be not sought forcibly to be impressed into them with terror and sharp penalties as now is the manner but rather delivered and intimated with mildness and gentleness so as it may not be hated before it be understood and their Professors despised and rejected And therefore it is expedient that some discreet Ministers of their own Countrymen be first sent over amongst them which by their meek persuasions and instructions as also by their sober lives and conversations may draw them first to understand and afterwards to embrace the Doctrine of their Salvation for if the ancient godly Fathers which first converted them when they were Infidels to the Faith were able to pull them from Idolatry and Paganism to the true Belief in Christ as St. Patrick and St. Columb how much more easily shall godly Teachers bring them to the true understanding of that which they already profess wherein it 's a great wonder to see the odds which is between the Zeal of Popish Priests and the Ministers of the Gospel for they spare not to come out of Spain from Rome and from Rhemes by long toyl and dangerous travelling hither where they know peril of Death awaiteth them and
trusted with the Safety of the Victors Interest in their own Country unless they submitted and became Tributaries under Compact before conquered Not only these ancient but our modern Monarchs practice the same as the Grand Seignior and the German Empire consisting of many distinct Principalities and States yet all governed by their own Princes and Senators except what are in slavery and they by those Colonies sent to plant and keep them under the like are the Principalities and States of Italy under the Papal Regency which I hint to vindicate my Assertion from Novelty it having been the universal Policy in all Ages and Countries as all that are acquainted with History must grant But the case of the English in Ireland is far before these other cases they are not only English by priviledge as Paul was a Roman but English by Blood and many of them English by Birth they are so far from being a conquered or a tributary people that they are the Conquerors by vertue of whose Blood and the Blood of their Ancestors the Scepter of England is there swayed and the chief Security the Crown of England hath for its Regency is the Strength and Potency of the English in Ireland 1000 men raised for the Defence of Ireland of its own Inhabitants is worth two for the suppressing a Rebellion of new raised men out of England for besides their subjection to the Diseases of the Country at first which usually destroy a great part of them before they have been six months in the Field they have no motive to encourage them nor Interest to fight for but Honor and Profit whereas the other who have their Title from the Crown for every Acre they possess in Ireland are more engaged to secure the Interest of the Crown than the King himself is theirs few of the forfeiting Irish look so far as the King who reassumes and disposeth of their Estates but eye with indignation the present possessors as was manifest in the last horrid Massacre whilst they barbarously murthered the possessors of their Estates they both by Addresses and publick Remonstrances asserted their Loyalty to the King and though the Kings Interest at present suffer yet the Recovery of it is secure so long as England and Scotland can raise Souldiers to pour in upon them But the Subjects whose throats are cut and their Houses and Improvements destroyed Wives and Daughters ravished and Children murthered can have no reparation in this world and such as do escape with their lives are utterly ruined in their Fortunes oft constrained to sell a good part of their wasted Lands in the Irish Quarters for a third part of its value to procure Mony to preserve them and theirs from starving Now the Survivors to these Families are doubtless above all other people engaged to preserve and recover the Interest of the Crown in time of War and consequently most merit to enjoy the profitable Imployments of the Country in times of Peace being every way more engaged and better qualified for the Kings Service there than pro tempore persons who have no obligation upon them but their present Honour or Profit that if the Kingdom be lost under their Conduct if they can but preserve their Lives and Honours they lose nothing that pincheth afterward whereas the Noblemen and Gentlemen of Ireland some of which having Princely Estates may be reduc'd to extremity of want of which we had many woful presidents the last Rebellion and all the Politicks I have read esteem desperate hazard and danger will make a Coward valiant therefore advise to make a slying Enemy a golden Bridge much more engage the Hearts and Hands of persons of Honour and Courage when they they do not only fight for the King and their Country but for their VVives and Children their Houses and Lands as Nehem. 4.14 they cannot forget how many of their Wives and Daughters were ravished and innocent Children murthered in the sight of their dearest Relations and Friends and from thence will rather dye than fall into the Hands of such bloody miscreants whose tender mercies are cruelties which is not the case of new English Spencer pag. 8. treating of Military Officers puts a great weight upon imploying Officers acquainted with the Country saith he The Reducing of Ireland will ask no long time nor great charge so as the effecting thereof be committed to men of trust and sound experience in the Country but if left to such raw Captains as are usually sent out of England c. it will fall to the ground c. for before they have gather'd Experience they shall buy it with great loss to Her Majesty either by hazarding their Companies by ignorance of the places and manner of Irish Service or by losing much time to take out their lesson c. besides saith he there is a great wrong done to the old Souldiers when the Advancement due unto them is cut off by shuffling in these new cutting Captains into the places for which they have long served and well deserved To say the truth saith he me thinks it is meet before men be made Captains they should be first Souldiers pag. 84. for men throughly acquainted both with the state of the Country and manners of the people should be still continued pag. 85. Saith Livy The Romans could perform nothing memorable in their Conquest of Sicilia whilst they frequently changed the Commanders of their Army because new Commanders spent so much time in their new preparations chusing their Ground and insinuating themselves into the old Souldiery they had no time left for the management of their Affairs before they were removed but to prevent their Consuls from being removed from the head of their Armies being annually chosen they chose a Dictator Liv. Supplement 79. And that this hath been the Opinion of all our Kings of England since the Conquest of Ireland will more evidently appear by the ensuing Catalogue formed in two Columes to distinguish betwixt English and Irish Chief Governors only note that such of them as are in the English Colume 1. If they be sent again we esteem them of Ireland and place them in the Irish Colume supposing they were therefore sent because of their experience in and knowledge they have gained of the Country by their former Service c. 2. I do also esteem all of the Royal Line interested persons and therefore place them in the Irish Colume A Catalogue of the Chief Governors of Ireland from the first Conquest to the Year 1680. by which may be observed that persons related to and acquainted with and interested in Irelands Welfare have been most imployed in its Government by the Kings of England FFrom 1167. unto 1170. was spent by Strongbow and his Assistance in vindicating the Quarrel of Mac Murrogh King of Leinster c. 1171. The King jealous of Strongbows potency comes towards Ireland Srongbow meets him at Glocester surrenders all his Conquests to his Dispose returns with him to VVaterford
Papists do I offer these things to their consideration c. 1. Because whilst they tolerate or indulge them they will never be safe as is asserted in Part. 2. pag. 73. all those miserable Desolations that have befallen them since F. Allen and Parsons were sent over to Desmond and Tyrone with consecrated Banners to encourage them to rebel were the product of these Principles which operated to the ruine and utter desolating many Noble and Worshipful Catholick Families besides multitudes of common people vid. Spencer Campion Sir John Davis Stainhurst c. 2. If they would but consider the many traiterous Attempts that have been made against the Regency and Lives of their English Soveraigns since Henry the Eighth cast off the Popes Supremacy they may easily guess what deep impressions of jealousie and dread that Nation from the Throne to the Plough retains of them as for instance Henry the Eighth was excommunicated and deposed the Kingdom interdicted and tendered to whomsoever could conquer it The Pope in his Bull sent to James King of Scotland declared him deprived of his Kingdom as an Heretick a Schismatick an Adulterer a Murtherer a sacrilegious person and lastly a Rebel and Convict of Le se Magistratis for that he had risen against him the Pope who was his Lord. vide Speed l. 9 c. 21. Innocent Edw. 6. was filled with troubles from them and strongly suspected to be poysoned by their Contrivance Their cruel Persecution by burning c. of five eminent pious Prelates and one and twenty other eminent Divines and many good people in their short Reign by Queen Mary The many Attempts made against the Life and State of that pious Queen Elizabeth against her State in England by that invincible Armado in 88. against her State of Ireland by invading it with an Army of Spaniards and Italians 1580. contriving to bring her Title in question and raise up the Title of Mary Queen of Scots to the Crown of England Campion Parsons and Haywood the three first Jesuits that came for England saith Sir Henry Baker I wish they had been the last made it their business to hire Assassinates to destroy the Queen Summervil to kill her 1582. the like Parry 1584. L. Luce Hist 429 c. Moody hired by the French Ambassador of the Guisin Faction to poyson her ann Dom. 1592. Holt the Jesuit hired Patrick Coleman an Irish Fryar to kill the Queen who of all Fryars love the work after Dr. Lopez Her Majesties Physician hired with 50000 Crowns to poyson her 1593. again ann Dom. 1594. Williams and York c. conspired to fire her Navy ann Dom. 1595. Edward Squire an Officer in her Stable hired by Walpoole the Jesuit to poyson the Pummel of the Queens Saddle after all this their Colledge at Salamanca sent over Winter the Jesuit with Instructions to raise an Army to make war against the Queen who by the aid of fifty disguised Jesuits in England listed 25000 Popish Souliers Winter assuring them the Jesuits of Spain had a Million of Crowns already collected for the Service and many of the Catholick Princes engaged to aid and assist but her God who had wonderfully preserved her all her long Reign took her to himself and so ended hers but not Englands troubles Luc. Hist pag. 405. to 509. King James was designed to be destroyed the day of his Coronation Luc. Hist p. 509 510. And his Title to the Crown rejected as being no Catholick and on that account Waterford Limerick Kilkenny and Wexford c openly opposed his Proclaiming until forced by the Lord Deputy Mountjoy after the several Attempts to rebel as is hinted Part. 1. p. 2 3. But all these hellish Plots by Gods Mercy being frustrated Garnet Catesby Fawx c. contrived to do their work throughly by the Powder Plot November 5. 1605. A Project not presidented in History for horrid Cruelty and hellish Treachery to kill King Queen Prince Lords and Commons at a Clap and then to have charged it upon the Puritans under which Character they would have destroyed the Body of the most stanch Protestants in the the Kingdom and then who should oppose what they would have done Yet Invincible Father Garnet was not discouraged but was at other Devices but was taken 1608. and executed and so ceased plotting Luc. Histor p. 513. yet the King having further Evidence of their plotting his Destruction publish'd his Declaration June 1610. to banish the Jesuits and Priests Luc. Hist 513. Yet did they so swarm in England that Jo. Gee a converted Priest by the fall of the Mass-house at Black Fryars where he narrowly escap'd his Life in his Book called the Foot out of the Snare printed in the year 1624. doth give an Account of a Congregation of Jesuits de Propagando Fide and how some of them boasted they contrived the poysoning of King James vide Prynnes Royal Favorite pag. 54. and Romes Masterpice p. 34. yet in the Reign of Charles the first they were still active anno Dom. 1627. they kept their Colledge at Clerkenwell and behaved themselves so insolently the House of Commons petitioned the King to put the Laws in Execution against them Romes Masterpiece pag. 34. and Prynnes Introd p. 88 89. they were the Fomentors of the Wars betwixt England and Scotland 1639. Prynnes Compl. Hist fol 449 450. and were preparing an Army to invade the South of England whilst the King with his English strength was engaged against the Scots in the North but the Hollanders fought and dispersed their Navy on the English Coast before they landed vide Prynnes Preface to his Vindication of Fundamentals Part 1. but all Projects sailing in England they remembred the proverb He that would England win Must with Ireland first begin They managed their Consults for the Irish Massacre vid. Sir John Temples Preface to the History of the Irish Rebellion And at the same time plotted the poysoning of the King discovered to Sir William Boswel the Kings Agent at the Hague vide Romes Masterpiece And this General Rebellion and bloody Massacre in Ireland did not only lay that Kingdom desolate but also influenced England into that unnatural War that cost it so much precious Blood and Treasure for until the news of that unsuspected amazing destruction of so many innocent Souls in Ireland there was not the least appearance of a breach betwixt the King and his Parliament all things in Scotland were so well pacified by the Kings presence there that when His Majesty upon advice of the Irish Rebellion suddenly hasted for London it became a common speech amongst the Scots Never did a more contented King part with a more contented People and so far were the Parliament at Westminster or the People from the least Jealousie of the King that he was received into London with all imaginable expressions of Joy and Gladness But such an impression did the news of that horrid Massacre make it begat a spirit of Indignation against the Papists and
c. at Court the charge of new Honours and Offices p. 88 The charge of Educating the Sons of Noble Persons c. in Foreign Vniversities and Inns of Court p. 87 The whole Charge of Ireland in the several Branches computed to nine hundred and thirteen thousand four hundred sixty five pounds four shillings per annum And amounts to for the period of 15 years to thirteen millions five hundred and twelve thousand six hundred and sixty pounds thirteen shillings and ten pence THE CONTENTS OF THE SECOND PART CHAP. I. OF Banks and Corporation-Trade the several kinds of Banks p. 1 2. Land or dry Banks most suitable for Ireland p. 3. Ireland's great damage by Insolvent Bankers p. 4. The Method of this dry Bank p. 5. Holland and Venice c. raised themselves by Banks and Company Trade p. 6. The Constitution of the Dutch East-India Company p. 7. The benefit of the Bankers by their joint Stock in Trade p. 8. The Royal Countenance necessary to secure the Credit of the Bank p. 9. The benefit of this Bank-Credit to a Countrey in General p. 10. It will lower Interest ibid. Lower Exchange p. 11. Propagate Manufactures p. 11. Banks will inable Trades-men with small Stocks to manage great Trades p. 12. Secure the Peace as well as increase the Wealth of Ireland p. 12. Banks c. will rescue our Trade out of the hands of Foreigners p. 13. Banks c. will increase our Shipping and promote the Fishing Trade ibid. Bank Security more safe more ready and less troublesome than any other Specialty p. 14. Banks a great conveniency 1. To Gentlemen possessing Estates in several parts of the Kingdom securely to return their rent c. p. 15. A great encouragement to young Merchants with small Stocks ibid. To Clothiers Tanners Chandlers c. where Markets fail p. 16. To persons surprised by Judgments before they can raise Money ibid. A great conveniency to the Nobility and Gentry ibid. To the poor and needy p. 17 The Hans-Towns of Germany raised their Trade by Banks ibid. The great Trade of the Guild of the Hance in the Stillyards in London erected and managed by Banks p. 18 England Ireland's best example which was as low in Trade as Ireland is now till improved by Banks ibid. The Kings and Parliaments of England have encouraged and augmented their Trade by countenancing the old and erecting new Corporations of Trade p. 19 No Expedient but this one can promote the Trade of Ireland p. 20 Corporation-Trade opposed in England by whom and with what success p. 21 22 By Company-Trade the English and Dutch c. have diverted the Trade of Venice c. and sell Persian and Indian Commodities where they used to buy p. 22 25 The Indies unknown until Company-Trade discovered them p. 23 England and Holland obtain'd their great Trade and their true Religion together by sheltering persecuted Christians ibid. Spanish c. Inquisitions a persecution drove away their Trade ibid. When the Dutch and English sent their first Fleets to the East-Indies p. 24 27 Corporation-Trade hath enrich'd all places of its residence p. 25 26 When England prohibited the Transportation of Wools and Importing foreign Cloath p. 25 The Original and great Wealth of the East-India Company at London p. 27 His present Majesty hath Confirmed the Companies He Founded and Erected the Affrican c. Honoured it with Royal and Noble Members and Dignities p. 28 The inconveniency of a confused Trade in the hands of particular Merchants to themselves and the Countrey p. 29 30 The Authors Experience of it in Tallow and Wools c. p. 31 32 Why though England c. divides their Trade into several Companies Ireland should have but one p. 33 Why the ancient Guild of the Hance after above 300 years flourishing was dispriviledg'd p. 33 34. The Solvency of Bank-Security p. 35 36 37. The method of managing the Bank p. 37 38 To place the Authority of the Bank c. by Act of State on the Statute Staple until a Parliament meet p. 39 46 The only Expedient to prevent the Transportation of our Wools p. 39 40 41 42 The Original of the Guild of the Hance very ancient p. 43 The great benefit the Kings of England made of the Staple and how it was mov'd from place to place and striven for by all places p. 44 45 CHAP. II. The Interest of England to promote the Prosperity of the English Interest of Ireland 1 ARgued from the different Constitution of Ireland now to what it was before the last Rebellion p. 1. The English the greatest Proprietors of Land and chiefly inhabiting Cities and Wall-Towns p. 48 The last Act of Settlement differs from all former Royal Grants in several considerable particulars to the advantage of the English Interest p. 50 Ireland under the sole Government of English Magistrates p. 51 England can in nothing so much promote the prosperity of the English Interest of Ireland as by countenancing its Trade p. 51 Englands only way to secure its self against Foreign Invasions and ruine of its Trade is to promote the Potency of the English Interest in Ireland p. 52 Englands neglect herein was the cause of the late Massacre and Rebellion p. 53 The neglect hereof hath cost England more Money c. than Ireland is worth ibid. Lord Deputy Sidney of the same opinion p. 54 Neglecting Trade and Manufacturie the cause of the degenerating of the English and why p. 55 Multitudes of Irish Papists are now English Protestants p. 55 56 58 Mr. Spencers and Heilins opinion of the best way to promote the Protestant Religion in Ireland p. 56 57 Ireland now so constituted it cannot fail of an English Protestant Parliament p. 58 The names and numbers of the Corporations of Ireland sending Members to Parliament p. 59 to 63 A Catalogue of the present Peers of Ireland summon'd to Parliaments in two Columns by which may be observ'd the Protestant Peers far exceed the Papists in number and interest p. 63 to 67 A Catalogue of the Nobility of Ireland anno 1571. And another 1641. by which may be observ'd the antiquity and precedency of the present Noble Families of Ireland p. 70 to 73 It is the interest of the Irish Papists to promote the Potency of the English Interest of Ireland p. 73 Though the subduing of the many Rebellions hath cost England dear yet the Irish at last paid the reckonings p. 73 Englands ancient claim to the Sovereignty of Ireland and the Legality and Justness of their Title by Conquest p. 73 to 75 The weakness of the English Interest of Ireland the cause of the many Rebellions since they deriv'd their States and Honours from the Crown of England p. 75 The degenerate English more dangerous Rebels than the Native Irish p. d6 The Popes Instigation and Encouragement to Desmond and Thomas Fitz-Geralâ— to rebell and to root out the Protestanâ— Religion as a mad and venomous Dâ—ctrine and hellish Opinion p. 76
Bishop Usher in his Speech to the Assemblies of the States of Ireland April 1627 asserts this opinion that it is the Intereâ—â— of the Papists to promote the potency 〈◊〉 the English Interest in Ireland p. 77 to 80 Henry the 4 th of France refuseth but Phâ—lip of Spain accepts of the Donation 〈◊〉 Ireland from the Pope The Spaniarâ— never throve since p. 77 Bishop Usher's Prophecy of dismal times 〈◊〉 come on the Protestants by the Papists yet though sharp will be but short p. 81 82 The English great Plenty and Debaucheriâ— made them ripe for destruction p. 82 A hint of the most barbarous Tortures anâ— inhumane Cruelties of the Irish upon thâ— naked secure English p. 82 83 The excellent natural temper of the Irish evidenceth that the barbarous Crueltieâ— proceeded from the bloody Principles infused into them by their Priests p. 85 86. Their observation of the weakness of the English as to Arms their great Encouragement to rise p. 85 The Dismal destruction God brought on the Irish by the Sword Plague and Famine p. 87 88 The most sober of the Irish approved this Notion in the year 1651 1652. that it is their interest to promote the Potency of the English Interest p. 88 All Irish Papists are not infected with Jesuitical bloody Principles but many of them good Subjects and good Neighbours p. 89 It is the interest of the Irish Papists in any capacity to live to promote the English Interest to that Potency as all attempts to disturb it might appear irrational and desperate p. 90 It would encourage their Industry in Planting and Trading p. 90 It would incline the the most sober Papists to enquire into the differences about Religion if from under the dread of the Potency of the Popish Clergie p. 91 Their ignorance of the Scriptures the reason of their Errors p. 92 The novelty of the rebellious bloody Principles rejected by the ancient Roman-Church above 600 years after Christ p. 93 94 The equal Peace and Prosperity Honour and Trust Love and Friendship Irish Papists not Jesuited might enjoy if they would secure the English against the fear of Massacres c. p. 94 95 Sect. the second p. 96. asserts it above all other the Protestants of Ireland are obliged to promote the Potency of the English Interest there But in regard through mistake the Pages are not figured I can only refer to the supposed Letter of the Alphabet which the Reader may soon perform with his Pen. The Argument to secure themselves against the miseries of 41. being repeated p. 96. 1st Expedient to plant our Wall'd-Towns and erect new where needed to be done without charge by Manufacturies p. A. 2. To Institute Laws against single life with the reasons p. A. B. C. 3. Above all other Expedients to endeavour a right understanding betwixt all Protestants sound in Fundamentals c p. C. Bishop Bramhall's opinion concerning Criminal Schism p. E. Bishop Bramhall Taylor Sanderson and Hall c. differ from our fiery Zealots who esteem all Separations Criminal Schism and more sinful than Drunkenness Swearing Whoring c. it is the Jesuits not the Protestant Divines opinion p. F. The sober Dissentors agree with the Church in all Fundamentals both Positive and Negative p. F. and G. They maintain not only Internal but External Communion with the establish'd Church in all Essentials p. G. The Jews had their several Sects yet all esteemed Israelites while they adhered to Moses Law The German Lutherans and Calvinists more differ yet esteem each other Protestants p. H. It is a preposterous Zeal like Hell hot without light that makes different Opinions different Religions saith Bishop Bramhall p. E. The Papists who glory much in their Vnity are much more divided in Doctrine c. and yet esteem each other Catholicks p. H. I. If the Protestant Dissenters were as malignant against the Church as the Papists yet they could not be dangerous p. I. K. L. Irrational for Dissenters Papists or others to expect protection from a Prince oâ— State to whom they will not give aâ— Security in their power for their Loyalty p. L. M. Dissenters ought to avoid all occasions 〈◊〉 appearing or being engaged in any Fâ—ction in a State or reflecting on the Râ—ligion established asserted from Scripture Instances p. M. N. O. Errors in Schism more sinful than Error in Conformity p. O. P. The Authors Apologie for his Essay to Vnâ—on with his reasons how much the safeâ— and prosperity in Trade and Wealth dâ—pend on it p. Q. R. CHAP. III. ASSerts Irelands Interest in its own Government in what cases excepted p. 96 97 â—he most expeditious and effectual way to secure and plant Ireland with English is by the Armies and how to be managed p. 97 98 â—he neglect thereof the ruine of the English the last Massacre p. 98 〈◊〉 what cases by the Civil list c. Preferments Ireland may be advantaged by sending persons from England p. 99 â—hat reason of State there was heretofore to Govern Ireland by Ministers of State out of England c. are ceast now p. 100 101 â—easons why persons unacquainted with the humour and state of Ireland cannot so well secure its Peace nor promote its Prosperity as its own Members p. 102 to 114 â—hat are the discouragements to persons in England from setling upon their Estates in Ireland p. 105 106 â—esidents both ancient and modern of Princes c. Governing their Tributary Provinces by their own Princes and Nobles p. 107 It hath been the practice of the Kings of England since the Conquest to Govern Ireland by Interested Persons p. 108 109 Cases excepted when England had reason to send over persons disinterested but are all now removed p. 110 111 The Duke of Ormond hath enjoyed the longest Regency and undergone the greatest difficulties of any Vice-Roy since the Conquest and why p. 112 113 His Loyalty not only applauded by the King c. but his Service in Ireland approved by the English Parliament who offered him great rewards if he would have accepted of them p. 113 Mr. Spencer of my opinion p. 114 So Giraldus Cambrensis p. 115 So Sir Hen. Wooten p. 107 The Objection answered why I term English Protestants aliens to Irelands Interest p. 115 116 117 The case of the English in Ireland differs from all other Tributary Countreys they being not the Conquered but the Conquerors by vertue of whose blood and the blood of their Ancestors Ireland was subjected to the Crown p. 118 They are more obliged to secure the interest of the Crown than that is to protect them ibid. 1000 men raised in Ireland worth 2000 fresh-men brought from England for that service ibid. The sufferings themselves and their Progenitors have undergone deeply engageth them to be true to and resolute in defence of the English Interest above all others p. 119 Spencer of the same opinion p. 120 So Livy p. 121 A Catalogue of the Lord Lieutenants c. in two Columns to
VII Jesuitical Principles the cause of Irelands mischiefs and miseries therefore their interest to explode them above all the Papists in the World p. 258 A brief Narrative of all the Jesuits Treasons against their English Sovereigns from Hen. 8. to this time wherein is observ'd not only the miseries in Ireland but Englands and Scotlands troubles were promoted by them p. 259 to 264 Their Oath of Confederacy in their last Plot p. 265 The pernicious influence of that Plot though disappointed 266 267 His Majesties great tenderness and indulgence towards Dissenters for 20 years past p. 267 268 Dissenters respect to the Protestant Church of Ireland as now established how far p. 269 Dissenters the most dangerous Hereticks in Ireland to Papists p. 270 The great advantage Vnity in Loyalty would be both to Papists and Protestants in Ireland p. 271 An Alphabetical Table of the principle things in the first Part. A. ADventurers and other estated Absentees drain Ireland of Cash p. 84 85. Apparel extravagant ruines a Country pag. 20 21. Apparel of Silks destructive to Ireland Apparel spruce and costly in the meaner sort many ways inconvenient besides its Charge p. 27 28. Apparel spruce and rich contemned by many wise and potent Princes p. 30 31. Ale-topers their Charge to Ireland p. 55. B. Baronets when instituted and how to be qualiffed p. 16 17. Bastards their great Charge to Ireland p. 45 46. C. Court of Wards well regulated useful to Ireland and for what p. 12 13. D. Debaucheries their Charge to Ireland p. 37. Drunkenness the grand Wealth-consuming Debauchery p. 51. It s Trade ruining and Wealth-wasting influence p. 54 to 57. Drinking to excess is as sinful in them able to bear drink as others sooner distempered p. 60. Drunkards c. are the proper Fanaticks p. 61 62. Drunkenness disdained and grievously punished by Turks and Pagans p. 63. Drunkenness the ruine of States and Armies p. 64 to 69. E. England no pattern for Ireland in Expences and why p. 22. Effeminacy attends Debauchery p. 48 49. F. France gains by their fantastick Garbs and why p. 19. G. Gentry their bad Payment to Tradesmen ruines Trade p. 10 11. Gaming its pernicious Effects p. 42 43. H. Holiness-Ceremonial crowded Holiness-real out of the Church p. 70. Honour when disgrac'd p. 14 15 Healthing the great provoker of Drunkenness p. 58 59 Its sinful p. 60 I. Ireland not setled till when p. 2 3 4 Jesuits their under ground work p. 3 L. Laws Sumptuary p 23 24 Needful in Ireland p. 26 Laws Mercanture necessary to govern Trade p. 10 Laws Common too delatory for Trade ibid. Laws against Absentees p. 86 87 M. Merchants Honourable p. 8 9 Merchants few wealthy in Ireland and why p. 7 Merchants low esteem in Ireland lowers c. Trade p. 8 Manufacturies ruined by Silk worn in Ireland p. 20 Merchants Forreigners their damage to Ireland p. 81 82 N. Nobility when ignoble are the shame and ruine of a Country p. 12 13 14. O. Oaths prophane their provoking destructive nature p. 38 39. P. Perjury its sad Effects p. 41 42. Prophane Swearing the mother of false swearing p. 40. Perjury abhorred by Pagans first tolerated by Popes p. 41. Perjury will never be esteemed a mortal sin whilst prophane swearing is esteemed venial p. 42. Pagans their cruel Laws against Adultery p. 49 50. Prophaneness of Christendome whence p. 69. Prophanenists their Faith blasphemous and fanatical if any they have p. 74 75 76. R. Rome the Fountain of all Prophaneness and Debauchery of Christendom p. 72 73. Revenue farmed to Foreigners great loss to the Country p. 80. S. Swearing prophane its sad Effects p. 38 39. Superfluities not regulated ruines a Country p. 18 19. Strumpets to be prescribed their Apparel p. 29 30. Shipping foreign a great Charge to the Country p. 83. T. Trade its Impediments p. 1 to 11. Trade Ireland not capable of till when p. 4. V. Victuals their Plenty obstructs Trade and Manufacture p. 5 6. W. Whoring its Charge and Damage to Irelands Trade and Wealth p. 44. Destructive to Kingdoms and States pag. 48 49. Wine-bibbers their Charge to Ireland p. 5. ERRATA BY mistake of the Author and mislaying of some Papers occasioned by Business which took up his time delayed the Publication of this Book there are some Errors escaped the Press which is made good by reprinting such Leaves over again or where any were left out as between p. 95. and p 96. the several pages are denoted in the Contents by p A and p B c. calling the first p. A the second B c. which the Reader is desired to mark with his Pen. And for Miss-spellings or other Literal escapes I shall leave to his courtesie to correct and only note what harms the Sense which the Reader or rather Bookseller may soon correct with his Pen. PART I. Page 20. for families read females p. 17. for Couler r. Coller PART II. Pape 29. for confine read consigne p. 57. for Minister r. Ministry p. 190. line ult for Object r. An Answer p. 234. for 1612. r. 1600. ibid. for 812. r. 800. p. H. for momentary r. momentous p. 115. for Stilling fleet 106. r. Stillingfleet 206. Advertisement to the Binder At the end of ** in the Epistle Dedicatory there wants the Direction viz. Plebeius g g the Quarter sheet in G Part 1. is to be placed after f f in Part 2. E e the first leaf to be cancelled the last leaf of F f to be cancelled the last leaf of M m to be the first of E e N n fol. 195 196 and 199 200. to be cancelled O o fol. 213 214 217 218 221 222. to be cancelled the said leaves of N n and O o being reprinted THE INTEREST OF IRELAND In its TRADE and WEALTH Stated CHAP. I. The Reasons why Ireland being so long under the Government of England whose Policies in Trade are inferior to few Countreys should yet be so little improv'd in Trade and Wealth 1. FRom the Impediments or Obstructions Ireland hath met with and is subject unto not common to other Countreys The first and chief Impediment proceeds from the unsetledness of the Countrey as to its subjection to England's Government for though they have long prosest Allegiance to England's Crown yet they have paid but a grudging partial obedience to its Scepter And upon all occasions less or more general have been attempting to draw their necks out of England's Yoke as it s briefly but fully evidenced by Sir John Davis in his Intelligent Book dedicated to King James Intituled A Discovery of the true cause why Ireland was never intirely subdued to the Crown of England and he determines until the 9th of King James Ireland was never fully setled in subjection and obedience to the English Law and Government And if we take a view of the State of Ireland since then and allow the Reign of King James and part of King Charles the First to be
all their lives should be so rude to accuse and condemn them then when they will have no other Friend to plead for them or that their faithful Ministers who frequently warn'd them from the Pulpit will be so little Gentlemen as to witness against them at that Bar or that the merciful Judge will be so severe to send them away with a Go ye cursed into Hell fire prepared for the Devil and his Angels for the omission of so smaall a Duty as they now esteem sincere and timely Repentance Or at the worst if he should the Devils will be afraid to seise them lest they should take it for an Affront that deserves a Cudgelling or at least will not be so ungrateful as to torment such faithful Servants to their Interest in the World that were always at their beck and never rejected one of their Temptations these are such as the Prophet Isaiah complains of in his time who said We have made a Covenant with Death and with Hell we are at an agreement when the overflowing Scourge shall pass thorough it shall not come unto us I say no thought can be so vile nor imagination so absurd no day-dream nor Enthusiastical delusion can parallel the depraved Fancies of these Professors of Prophaneness if we may judge the Tree by their Fruits or mens Hearts by their Lives who Saint Paul reproves with Tears Philippians 3.18 that they so walk as they are a shame to the Christian Religion whose God is their Belly whose Glory is their Shame c. And in vain shall we strive to rescue the Obstruction of our Trade and Consumption of our Wealth from the Desolating Influences of these four sorts of Debauchees until Atheism and Prophaneness are esteemed more God-provoking Sins and more ignoble and ingentile Qualities Herbert Oh how corrupt's the Nature of mans Will That breaks those Laws which very Beasts fulfil When we have lost our way to God how level How easie to be sound 's the way to 'th Devil CHAP. VI. Stating the intolerable Charge and Expence Ireland is at by maintaining Foreigners to its peculiar Interest in the most profitable Imployments and Offices I shall only make my Observations of what Ireland hath suffered thereby these fifteen years viz. from the 28th of July 1662. the Duke of Ormond first entred on the Government until the 24th of August 1677. the Earl of Essex surrendered which Charge and Expence I shal reduce to these seven Heads 1. By the Court of Claims 2. By the Farmers of the Kings Revenue and Treasury 3. By special Grants upon the Treasury of Gratuities and Pentions to Non-residents 4. By Foreign Merchants and their Factors 5. By exporting and importing on Foreign bottoms 6. By Absentees 7. By the Chief Governours  Yearly Charge Total 1 BY the Court of Claims the Commissioners all Foreigners besides several Counsellors Assistants and Servants and tho' there were reasons why the Judges of this Court shuold be such as were not interested in the Estates of Ireland yet what they gained was so much loss to the Country for   Besides what other advantages and profits they made they receiv'd 1 penny per Acre upon all Lands passing their Court being 6883 846 Acres which amounts to  28682 13 10 All other advantages to them and theirs coming in and going out with them cannot be estimated to less than  5000 00 00 2. The last Sett of Farmers with their Commissioners all Forreigners and about 20 of the best sort of their Officers came and returned with them   1. The Profit of their Farm estimated at per an 10000 00 00  for seven years amounts to  70000 00 00 Besides the Interest the King paid for their seventy thousand pound advance-money at per annum 7000 00 00  which for seven years amounts to  49000 00 00 2. The Salary of their five Commissioners at 500 l. each is per annum 2500 00 00  which for seven years amounts to  17500 00 00 3. Twenty Officers Foreigners at 100 l. one with another is per ann 2000 00 00  which for seven years amounts unto  14000 00 00 I take no notice of the first sett of Farmers because they were our Countrymen and our Common-Wealth did enjoy them and their Gains after their Farm was determined   The Contracters for the Treasury being not accountable we cannot so well compute their Gains but I have heard some more capable of guessing affirm that when all their Arrears are got in they cannot gain less than 60000 l. 2 thirds of them being Foreigners is damage to the Country 40000 l. their Commissioners being most our Country-men or staying with us I shall not account their Salaries loss to the Country and I cannot learn they imploy'd many Foreigners under them  40000 00 00 3. Special Pentions and Annuities payable by the Establishment for Ireland to persons not inhabiting there computed at per ann 5000 00 00  which for fifteen years amounts to  75000 00 00 4. The fourth Expence is by Foreign Merchants and their Factors which can no way be exactly computed but by examining the Custom-house Books but at least one moyety of the whole Traffique of the Nation is carried on by Forreign Stocks the whole Profit accrewing to the Foreigner is estimated to be at least per ann 40000 00 00  Then one half of this Trade is managed by foreign Factors which must amount unto at least the eighth part of the profit of their principals which is per ann 5000 00 00  this charge for 15 years amounts to  675000 00 00 For what Factorage is given to our own Inhabitants 't is no loss but gain to the Country all which may be easily preserved to them without obstructing Trade or lessening the Kings Customs as I shew in the Chapter of Company Trade   5. Our trading in foreign bottoms is a vast Charge to this Kingdom computed at least to amount unto per annum 60000 00 00  Besides the loss of the Seamens Habitations and Families expences the chief Inhabitans of Port-towns as also the many Artists imployed in building repairing rigging of Ships c. at least per annum 30000 00 00  damage as I shall further evidence in the Chapter of Shipping which may all be saved by Corporation-Trade as appears in that Chapter   This expence of 90000 pound per annum for 15 years amounts to  1350000 00 6. Above any of 〈◊〉 the Stock drained ou◠of this Kingdom by Absentees which is now augmented above treble what it was formerly by the great Estates the Adventurers possess who being most of them estated men in England live there and draw over a vast sum of Money yearly they possess of the Lands of this Kingdom 787326 Acres which valued at 2 s. an Acre one with another much of their Lands lying in the best parts of the Kingdom
promote and increase Traffique and Commerce the Examples of so many prudent Princes and States and the Experience of the Kings and Parliaments of England for this 300 years past might serve But I shall demonstrate by good reason and unquestionable authority when opposed that this one expedient shall remove all the considerable impediments of Trade in a short time dam up the current of much of our Expence upon Foreign Growth shall reduce our confused Trade to a method improve the native Growth of the Country to its height as to Value at home and Credit abroad shall rescue our Trade managed by foreign Stocks into our own hands shall increase His Majesties Revenue and enable his Subjects of Ireland to farm it upon terms more to the Kings profit and conveniency and the Kingdoms benefit and content and to advance considerable Sums upon the Security of any Branch of His Majesties Revenue when his Affairs shall require it And I will further undertake to demonstrate that all other Expedients without this shall never attain these Ends let a Parliament pass all the Statutes of England for the incouragement of Trade in Ireland it shall signifie no more than good Laws without Courts of Justice to execute them for though Interest prompts people to Industry yet it neither qualifies nor governs them in right methods to attain their ends A stragling Trade managed by particular persons each striving to advance his private Interest though to the ruine of the Trade in general and obstructing it in other particulars can no more make a Country flourish in Trade than a stragling Army without Discipline and Order can preserve its peace But designing brevity I shall only assert that Ireland is now much more able to erect govern such a Trade than England was about 300 years ago when Ed. 1. incourag'd it and Ed. 3. established by Charter the Company of Staplers or Merchant Adventurers which was the Mother Company of England and all it enjoy'd until Philip and Mary erected the Muscovy Company yet that one Company removed the Staple from foreign parts to our own ports and soon after the Clothing Trade from Flanders whereby the Growth of England especially the Wools were improved to 5 and 7 and in some cases after the Worsted-trade of Stuffs and Stockings was attained to ten times its value I am not unsensible that this Work will meet with opposition from some particular persons whose private Interest may seem to be invaded by it for so did that ancient and beneficial Company of Staplers in England as a Monopoly intrenching upon the Liberty of the Subject to the Parliaments in Hen. 4. Hen. 7. Edw. 6. and Queen Maries time yet all parties being heard those Complaints were quash'd and the Priviledges of the Companies ratified and enlarged Yet again in Queen Elizabeths time the importunity of the Clothiers prevailed against the Company but after a short tryal the Clothing Countries were ruined to that extremity that in the 29th of Elizabeth the Lords of the Council sent for the members of the Company and desired them to reassume their Priviledges and cheerfully proceed in their Trade and they should receive all possible countenance and assistance So in the Reign of King James Alderman Cocken of London c. prevailed to have the Company dissolv'd but after two years confusion Trade so miserably languished that the King published his Proclamation Anno 1617. for the Restitution of the Company to its ancient Priviledges In like manner King Charles the first observing the decay of Trade from the confusion intruding Interlopers brought upon it publisht his Proclamation Dec. 7. 1634. Whereas we have taken into our Princely consideration the manifold Benifits that redound to this Kingdom c. and finding how much Government and Order will conduce to the increase and advancement of the same We have thought fit with the Advice of our Privy Council to declare our Royal Pleasure herein c. and then positively and largely prohibits any to intrude upon the Companies Priviledge upon pain of his high Displeasure and of such Punishments as the Court of Star-Chamber whom We especially charge with the Execution of our Royal Pleasure herein shall think fit to inflict for such Contempts After this the 11th of March 1643. both Houses past an Ordinance intituled For the Upholding of the Government of the Fellowship of Merchant Adventurers of England c. near to the same effect as His Majesties Proclamation before recited And as Corporation Traffique hath procured all the flourishing Trade England now enjoys so the Portugals Dutch c. have thereby altered the whole course of Trade that Venice had with India Arabia and Persia Venice being the ancient Mart for the Commodities of those Countries now buy of us so the English Levant Company hath wrested the India Trade from the Turks and now sell where Venice used to buy And that which gives England and Ireland the advantage in Traffique is the staple Commodities they sell necessary for Life as Flesh Fish c. for the Belly Cloth Stuffs c. for the Back that in most Countries England trades with they wear Englands Woollen Livery eat in English Pewter Seasons and Sauce with Englands Indian Spices shod with English Leather there is no Clothing in Spain esteemed like the English Bayse and Stuffs nor no Food exceeds the English Herring and Pilcher Sweden Denmark and all those cold Northeast Countries within the Sound to the bottom of the Baltick keep themselves warm by English woollen Cloth and all this obtained by vertue of Englands Trade by united Stoks and Policy For in little above 100 years Europe was so far from trading with the East and West Indies the West were unheard of as I shew in my Treatise of Traffique and the East unknown otherwise than by report to our Mariners and Merchants Italian and Spanish Merchants were esteemed great Adventurers until the Turkie and East India Companies were incorporated by Queen Elizabeth who God made instrumental not only to reform Religion but to regulate and advance Trade Englands and Hollands true Religion and potent Trade came together God grant they never go together it is worthy our observation how the mighty flourishing Monarchy of Spain since Charles the 5. and his Son Philip the 2. hath dwindled away and decayed in Fame and Potency since they erected their barbarous Inquisition which banished their Trade and Wealth to England and Holland that Antwerpe and Sevils Ebb tide in Trade hath made it full Sea at London and Amsterdam and as England and Holland hath gained their Trade and Wealth by being Receptacles and Shelters of persecuted Protestants so will the contrary lose it the Italians have a proverb He that would improve Italy must destroy Milan that is disperse the multitude of Artists there setled to the other Cities that want them which nothing so naturally effects as Persecution Let them beware they lose it not by persecuting them and driving them away The
an experienced Souldier to resist Tyrone who were then 1000 Horse and 9500 Foot strong 1597 Sir Thomas Norris President of Munster Lord General of the Army against Tyrone  1597 Adam Loftus Lord Chancellor of Ireland and Sir Robert Gardiner L.J.   1597 The Lord Burroughs L.D.  1598 Robert Earl of Essex L.L. Brought over a fresh Army of 16000 Foot and 1300 Horse Success not answerable being maligned at Court the fate of too many of his Predecessors returned for England and was beheded in the Tower 1601. 1599. Sir Adam Loftus and Sir George Carey Justices  1599 Lord Mountjoy L.L. Subdued the Spaniards c. then possest of Kinsale soon after Tyrone and so ended that War which had cost the Crown of England 1198717 l. Cambden Appendix to Eliz. King James  1603 Sir George Carey L.D. Sent the first Justices of Assize into Vlster  1604 Sir Arthur Chichester L.D. Sent the first Justices of Assize into Munster and Connaght  1615 Thomas Jones Arch-Bp of Dublin c. and Sir Richard Wingfield L.J.  1614 Sir Arthur Chichester then Lord of Belfast the Ancestor of the now Earl of Donnegall L.D. In Parliament repealed several Statutes declaring the Irish Rebels not Subjects but Enemies Vide Act. 11. Jacobi fol. 427. the Harp first Marshal'd with the Arms of Great Britain  1615 Thomas Jones Lord Chancellor of Ireland and Sir John Denham Chief Justice of the Kings Bench L.J.   1616 Lord Grandeson L.D. 1622 Lord Viscount Ely and Lord Visc Powers Court L. J   1625 Lord Visc Falkland L.D. Charles the First  1629 Lord of Cork and Lord of Ely L.J.  1633 Lord Viscount Wentworth L.D.  1636 Lord of Ely and Sir Christoph Wandesford L.J.  1636 Thomas Lord Viscount Wentworth L.D.  1639 Lord Dillon and Sir Christoph Wandesford L.J.  1639 Earl of Strafford L.L.  1640 Chistoph Wandesford L.D.  1640 Lord Dillon and Sir William Parsons L. Just  1640 Sir William Parsons and Sir John Borlace L.J. Under whose Government on the 23d of Octob. 1641. the Bloody Irish most bloody Rebellion broke out  1643 Sir John Borlace and Sir Henry Tichburne L.J. Persons eminently qualified for the time they governed being both old Souldiers and true hearted Englishmen Tichburne gallantly secured and defended Drogheda against the Rebels and thereby preserved Dublin and the multitude of poor stript English in their slight thither  1643 Janu. 21. James then Marquess now Duke of Ormond L.L.  1650 Ulick Bourke Marquess of Clanriccard L.D.  1660 Sir Maurice Eustace Lord Chancellor Roger Boyle Earl of Orrery and Charles Coote Earle of Montroth L.J.  1662. July 28. James Duke of Ormond L.L.  1663 May 21. Thomas Earl of Ossory D.  Septemb. 1665 James Duke of Ormond L.L.  1668 Apr. 25. Thomas Earl of Ossory D.   1669 Sept. 10. John Lord Roberts L.L. 1660 April 21. John Lord Berkley L.L. 1671 Michael Boyle Arch-Bishop of Dublin Lord Chancellor and Sir Arthur Forbes L.J.   Septemb. 1671 John Lord Berkley L.L.  1672 May 21. Arthur Earl of Essex L.L. 1677 Aug. 24. James Duke of Ormond the present L.L.  CHAP. IV. The Heads of the Establishment for Ireland commencing March 25. 1676. CIVIL LIST Exchequer Yearly allowance  LOrd Treasurer 336 00 00  Vice-Treasurer 50 00 00  Chancellor of the Exchequer 200 00 00  Lord Chief Baron for his Fee and Robes 500 00 00  Second Baron 400 00 00  Third Baron 400 00 00  Prime Serjeant at Law for his Fee and Robes 33 16 08  Second Serjeant 30 00 00  Attorney General 88 06 08  Sollicitor General 88 06 08  Auditor General 184 00 08  and to him more in full of all Fees due to him upon passing Sheriffs Accounts 31 00 00   Carried forward 2341 10 08 Brought over 2341 10 08 Surveyor General 60 00 00  Escheator of Leinster 06 13 04  Escheator of Munster 01 05 00  Escheator of Connaght 01 05 00  Escheator of Ulster 01 05 00  Chief Remembrancer 30 00 00  and to him in full satisfaction of all Fees due to him upon passing Sheriffs Accounts 21 19 02  Second Remembrancer 07 15 06  and to him in full of all Fees upon passing Sheriffs Accounts 45 06 09  Clerk of the Pipe 45 00 00  and to him in full of all Fees due to him upon passing Sheriffs Accounts 111 12 00  Chief Chamberlain 10 00 00  Second Chamberlain 05 00 00  Comptroller of the Pipe 07 00 00  and to him more in full of all Fees due to him upon passing Sheriffs Accounts 46 10 00  Usher of the Exchequer 12 10 00  and to him for Fees upon passing Sheriffs Accounts 11 12 06  Transcripter and Foreign Opposer 15 00 00  and to him for passing Accounts 38 15 00   carried forward 2819 19 11 Brought over 2819 19 11 Summonister 07 10 00  and to him more for the like Fees 36 08 06  Marshal of the Four Courts 04 00 00  Clerk of the Pells 30 00 00  Clerk of the First Fruits and Twentieth parts 27 10 00  and for Fees in passing Sheriffs Accounts 11 04 09  Cryer of the Exchequer 01 13 04  and for the like Fees 07 15 00  Pursivants of the Exchequer for carrying Writs 71 05 00  and for the like Fees 07 15 00  Auditor of the Foreign Accounts and Imprests 121 13 04  Three Commissioners of Appeals 300 00 00    3446 14 10 Court of Kings Bench.   LOrd Chief Justice 600 00 00  Second Justice 400 00 00  Third Justice 400 00 00  Clerk of the Crown 007 10 00    1407 10 00 Chancery   LOrd Chancellor 1000 00 00  Master of the Rolls 157 09 11  Four Masters of the Chancery twenty pound each 80 00 00  Clerks of the Crown and Chancery 25 00 00  Clerks of the Hannaper 35 10 00    1297 19 11 Court of Common Pleas.   LOrd Chief Justice 500 00 00  Second Justice 400 00 00  Third Justice 400 00 00  Prothonotary 07 10 00    1307 10 00 State and Patent Officers c.   OFficers attending the State 71589 01 10  Incidents 2187 00 00  Custom Officers 238 06 08  Creation Mony 544 11 08  Perpetuities 489 15 06  Temporary Payments 9367 17 01½  Concordatams 4500 00 00  To uses to be appointed by Sign Manual 27000 00 00    115916 12 09½ MILITARY LIST General Officers   LOrd Lieutenant 6593 06 08  Marshal of Ireland 634 12 00  Muster-Master General and Clerk of the Cheques 336 00 00  Six Commissaries of the