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A67861 The jurisdiction of the admiralty of England asserted against Sr. Edward Coke's Articuli admiralitatis, in XXII chapter of his jurisdiction of courts by Richard Zouch ... Zouch, Richard, 1590-1661.; Coke, Edward, Sir, 1552-1634. 1663 (1663) Wing Z22; ESTC R21844 62,368 170

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Councell Garsias Mastrilli sayes he hath all Jurisdiction both Civil and Criminal in Maritime causes exclusive to all others The King of Spain hath divers other Admirals both in Europe and the Jndies of equal power Marinus Siculus sayeth of the Admirall of Castile that he is next unto the Constable and hath supreme Authority over all that use the Sea and is held to be Lord and chief Commander of the Sea as it is also largely described in the Partidos besides for the dispatch of ordinary Maritime businesse by the same Laws Judges are appointed to reside in Port Towns and other places on the Sea Coasts which are to hear the causes of Sea-men concerning Freight of Ships and Contributions for goods cast over-board or any other matter which Judges were to proceed plainly without solemnities and with all expedition c. In France by an Ordinance of Henry the third made upon a survey of all other former Ordinances ratifyed by the Parliament of Paris The Office of the Admirall in the Kings name is thus declared 1. That of all Armies which shall be raised and set to Sea the Admirall of France shall be chief and our Lieutenant General and shall be obeyed in all Maritime Towns and places which are or may be without contradiction Secondly He shall have Jurisdiction Conusance and determination of all things done or committed on the Sea or shoars of the Seas likewise of all acts of Merchandise fishing freighting or letting to freight or breach of ships of Contracts made touching the matters afore-said of Charter parties of Sea briefs and of all other things whatsoever happening upon the Sea or shoars thereof as our Lieutenant General alone and to all purposes in the places afore-said which Jurisdiction Cognizance and determination we have interdicted to all other our Judges He shall hold his principal Court at the marble Table in the Palace at Paris and shall appoint Judges Deputies in Maritime Cities and Towns who shall hear ordinary matters happening within their Circuits and if any businesse fall out worthy of greater consideration they shall referre the same to him In Denmark the third place of dignity in the Kingdom belongs to the Admirall who is commonly called Ry●ks Admirall and as Morisotus writes He hath the same Right and Power as the Admirall of France In Scotland as VVellwood a Scotish man writes the Admirall and Judge of the Admiralty hath power within the Sea-flood over all Sea-faring men and in all Sea-faring Causes and debates Civil and Criminal So that no other Judge of any degree may meddle therewith but only by way of Assistance as it was found in the Action brought by Anthony de la Tour against Christian Martens 6 Novemb. 1542. The Admirall of England as Mr. Selden observes hath another manner of Right and Jurisdiction than the Admirall of France or other ordinary Admiralls for that the Jurisdiction over the Seas of England and Ireland and the Dominions and Isles of the same as a Province are committed to his Custody and Tuition as to a President to defend the same as in the Dominion of the King by whom he is Authorized The bounds of which Jurisdiction are limited and determined in those Seas and besides as the French and other Admiralls he hath the power over the Navy and the Government over the Sea-men and Jurisdiction over the persons and moveable goods which come under his Judicature pour raison ou occasion del faie de la mer which Jurisdiction hath no bounds but extends to the Mediterranean African and Indian Seas or any other far remote What Mr. Selden delivers concerning the Admirall of Englands special Jurisdiction in the first respect is confirmed by an ancient Record in French in Archivis of the Tower of London set out at large by Sr. Edward Cook the effect and tenour whereof is That whereas during the Warrs between Philip King of France and Guy Earl of Flanders Reginerus Grimbaldus Admirall of the French Navy had spoiled the Merchants of divers Nations sailing towards Flanders in the English Seas and Commissioners being appointed by the two Kings to hear and redresse the Complaints concerning the same the Deputies of the Prelates Nobility and Commonalty of the Towns of England and of divers Maritime Countries as of Genua Catalonia Spain Germany Zeland Holland Friesland and Norway declare That the Kings of England by reason of that Realm time out of mind have been in peaceable possession of the Soveraign Dominion of the Sea of England and of the Islands therein situate by ordering and establishing Lawes Statutes and Counter-mands of Armes Vessels otherwise furnished than for Merchandising and by taking security and giving protection in all Causes needful by ordeining all other things requisite for the maintaining of Peace and Right amongst all other People as well of other Seignieuries as of their own passing through the same And all manner of Cognizance and Jurisdiction high and low touching those Laws Statutes Ordinances Countermands and all other Acts which may appertain to the Soveraign Dominion afore-said and that A. D. B. Admirall of the Sea deputed by the King of England and all other Admiralls appointed by him and his Ancestors heretofore Kings of England have been in peaceable Possession of the said Soveraign Protection together with the Conusance and Jurisdiction and all things before mentioned thereunto appertaining except in case of Appeals to their Soveraign Kings of England for default of doing Right or giving wrong Judgment and especially in making Restraint doing Justice and taking security for the peace of all manner of People bearing Arms on the Sea or Ships sailing otherwise apparelled or furnished than belongs to Ships of Merchandise and in all other points in which a man may have reasonable Cause of Suspicion against them touching Robbery or other misdemeanours Besides the Jurisdiction Extraordinary of the Admirall of England concerning Protection against depredations in the English Seas as Mr. Selden writes his Ordinary Jurisdiction is over the persons and goods moveable which come under his judicature by occasion of businesses relating to the Sea is not only agreeable to the Jurisdiction of the French and other Admiralls but is also warranted by the Kings Commissions as it is apparent by antient and later Patents granted by the Kings of England in which the Admiralls of Englands Ahthority and Jurisdiction is expressely fully declared as followeth Damus Concedimus c. We give and grant to N. the Office of our great Admiral of England Ireland Wales c. And we make appoint and ordain him Governour General of our Navies and Seas of the Kingdoms afore-said And be it further known that we of our special Grace and certain knowledge do give and grant to the same our great Admirall and Governour of our Navies all and all manner of Iurisdictions Liberties Offices Fees Profits Preheminences and Privileges Whatsoever belonging or appertaining So far is
THE JURISDICTION OF THE ADMIRALTY Of England Asserted AGAINST Sr. EDWARD COKE'S Articuli Admiralitatis In XXII Chapter of his Jurisdiction Of COURTS By RICHARD ZOUCH Doctor of the Civil Law and late Judge of the High Court of ADMIRALTY LONDON Printed for Francis Tyton and Thomas Dring and are to be sold at their Shops in Fleetstreet 1663. Thomas Foley of Great Witley Court in the County of Worcester Esqr. TO THE READER I Do certifie and attest that the Treatise Entituled The Jurisdiction of the High Court of Admiralty asserted c. by Dr. ZOUCH was delivered into my hands by the Author himself to be Printed and which he intended to have Dedicated to his Royal Highness JAMES Duke of YORK Lord High Admiral of England Drs Commons Febr. 25. 1663. Tim. Baldwyn ASSERTIONS Concerning the JURISDICTION of the ADMIRALTY OF ENGLAND 1. THat in all places where Navigation and Trade by Sea have been in Use and Esteem and particularly in England Special Laws have been provided for regulating the same 2. That in all places where Laws have been provided for businesses concerning the Sea as also in England special Judges have been appointed to determine differences and to redresse offences concerning the same 3. That in all places where special Judges have been appointed for Sea affairs as also in England certain Causes viz. all such as have relation to Navigation and Negotiation by Sea have been held proper for their Conusance 4. That the Jurisdiction of the Lord High Admiral of England as it is granted by the King and usually exercised in the Court of Admiralty may consist with the Laws and Statutes of the Realm 5. That the Lord Admiral of England may hold Conusance of Contracts and Writings made at Land touching businesses of Navigation and Trade by Sea 6. That the Admiral of England may hold Conusance of things done in Ports and Navigable Rivers as touching damage done to Persons Ships and Goods Annoyances of free Passage and unlawfull Fishing 7. That the Lord Admiral of England may hold Pleas of Contracts and other things done beyond the Sea relating to Navigation and Trade by Sea 8. That the Courts and Judges of the Common-Law do intermeddle with and interrupt the Court of Admiralty in Causes properly belonging to that Court 9. That the Tryal of Causes concerning Navigation and Trade in the Court of Admiralty is more commodious for the Kingdome and the Subjects thereof than in the Courts of Common-Law Sir EDWARD COKE'S Jurisdiction of COURTS CAP. XXII The Court of the Admiralty proceeding According to the Civil LAW THe Complaint of the Lord Admiral of England to the Kings most Excellent Maiesty against the Iudges of the Realm concerning Prohibitions granted to the Court of the Admiralty 11 Febr. penultimo die Termini Hillarii Anno 8. Jac. Regis the Effect of which complaint was after by his Majesties Commandment set down in Articles by Dr. Dun Iudge of the Admiralty which are as followeth with answers to the same by the Iudges of the Realm which they afterwards confirmed by three kinds of authorities in Law 1. by Acts of Parliament 2. by Iudgements and Iudicial proceedings and lastly by Book cases Certain grievances whereof the Lord Admiral and his Officers of the Admiralty do especially complain and desire redresse THat whereas the Conusance of all Contracts and other things done upon the Sea belongeth to the Admiral Jurisdiction the same are made tryable at the Common-Law by supposing the same to have been done in Cheapside or such places By the Laws of this Realm the Court of the Admiral hath no Conusance power or Iurisdiction of any manner of Contract Plea or Querele within any County of the Realm either upon the Land or Water but every such Contract Plea or Querele and all other things rising within any County of the Realm either upon the Land or Water and also Wreck of the Sea ought to be tryed determined discussed and remedied by the Laws of the Land and not before or by the Admiral or his Lieutenant in any manner So as it is not material whether the place be upon the water infra fluxum refluxum aquae but whether it be upon any water within any County Wherefore we acknowledge that of Contracts Pleas and Quereles made upon the Sea or any part thereof which is not within any County from whence no tryal can be had by Twelve men the Admiral hath and ought to have Iurisdiction And no President can be shewed that any Prohibition hath been granted for any Contract Plea or Querele concerning any marine cause made or done upon the Sea taking that only to be the Sea wherein the Admiral hath Iurisdiction which is before by Law described to be out of any County See more of this matter in the answer to the sixth Article When Actions are brought in the Admiralty upon Bargains or Contracts made beyond the Seas wherein the Commom-Law cannot administer Justice yet in these causes Prohibitions are awarded against the Admiral Court Bargains or Contracts made beyond the Seas wherein the Common-Law cannot administer Iustice which is the effect of this Article do belong to the Constable and Marshal for the Iurisdiction of the Admiral is wholly consined to the Sea which is out of any County But if any Indenture Bond or other Specialty or any Contract be made beyond Sea for doing of any Act or Payment of any money within this Realm or otherwise wherein the Common-Law can administer justice and give ordinary remedy in these cases neither the Constable and Marshal nor the Court of the Admiralty hath any Iurisdiction And therefore when this Court of the Admiralty hath dealt therewith in derogation of the Common-Law we find that Prohibitions have been granted as by Law they ought Whereas time out of mind the Admiral Court hath used to take Stipulation for appearance and performance of the Acts and Judgments of the same Court It is now affirmed by the Judges of the Common-Law that the Admiral Court is no Court of Record and therefore not able to take such Stipulations and hereupon Prohibitions are granted to the utter over-throw of that Jurisdiction The Court of the Admiralty proceeding by the Civil Law is no Court of Record and therefore cannot take any such Recognisance as a Court of Record may do And for taking of Recognisances against the Laws of the Realm we find that Prohibitions have been granted as by Law they ought and if an Erroneous sentence be given in that Court no Writ of Error but an Appeal to certain Delegates does lye as it appeareth by the Statute of 8 Eliz. Reginae Cap. 5. which proveth that it is no Court of Record That Charter-parties made only to be performed upon the Seas are daily withdrawn from that Court by Prohibitions If the Charter-party be made within any City Port Town or County of this Realm although it be