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A64888 The history of the government of France, under the administration of the great Armand du Plessis, Cardinall and Duke of Richlieu, and chief minister of state in that kingdome wherein occur many important negotiations relating to most part of Christendome in his time : with politique observations upon the chapters / translated out of French by J.D. Esq.; Histoire du ministere d'Armand Jean du Plessis, cardinal duc de Richelieu, sous le regne de Louis le Juste, XIII, du nom, roy de France et de Navarre. English Vialart, Charles, d. 1644.; J. D. (John Dodington) 1657 (1657) Wing V291; ESTC R1365 838,175 594

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Honour to encounter the Duke of Savoy's Forces they being re●ired with him to Thurin and not daring to attend the first charge of the French Valour which nothing is able to withstand so the Army passed the ●oria without any trouble and quartered at Rivol where the Duke of Savoy hath a house of Pleasure which the Cardinal preserved with a great deal of care and respect and the Country people were treated with much kindness and the Army contented to be served with such provisions as were brought from Suze Then began the Duke to declare himself openly and did many Acts of Hostility amongst the rest he seized upon all the French in his Territories not so much as excepting the Merchants and Religious Orders An Act very strange against both the Laws of Traffique and Piety The Cardinal he did the same seeing it was no time to hope for any thing by fair means The Glory of his Majesty the Honour of France and his own reputation ingaged him to pursue his resolutions with his Arms of reducing the Duke to Reason It was then concluded on in a secret Counsel between himself and the Marshals of France that the Army should sit down before Pignerol and make themselves Masters of it Stratagems do many times entitle men to great advantages So that the Cardinal with more ease to take in Pignerol upon a surprise made as if he would march directly to beleaguer Thurin if self Accordingly the Cannon and Army began to bend towards it which the Duke of Savoy perceiving presently dispatched orders to withdraw those Forces from Pignerol which he had that morning clapt in there The Marshal of Crequy advanced directly to Pignerol with a 1000 Horse 6000 foot and some Cannon and upon the 20 of March about Sun set lay down before the Place leaving the rest of the Army to ingage any party that might attempt the relieving it upon the 21 about 4 in the morning the Cardinal came up with the Marshals of Crequy La Force and Schomberg and they so belaboured themselves that about 10 the next morning there were 3 piece of Cannon mounted upon the very Ditch ready to make a Breach Politique Observation STratagems have been much used and commended by great Commanders skill and craft do many times as much as force and strength and are so much the more to be esteemed because they shed lesse blood This Prudence hath no certain rules to be learnt by but must be acquired by it self It 's true we are made capable of it by nature but it is formed and confirmed by use and Experience So Sci●io that valiant Commander who being desirous to take in a strong hold in Africk which was well provided by the Carthaginians made as if he had other designs and caused his Army to march another way by this means he surprised Haribal who drawing forth all his Garrison to pursue him with the more strength left the place undefended and gave Scipio an advantage of facing about and sending a party under the Conduct of Massanissa to surprise and make himself Master of it which he effected with a handfull of men the inhabitants not having strength enough to defend themselves The Reducing Pignerol under the Kings Obedience THus stood the State of Affairs in Pignerol they saw their Town besieged and found the Cardinal did summon them to render if they would not hazard the force of his Maj●sties Army which had reason to treat them with more rigour then indeed they afterwards did they found the Canon ready to make a breach by the Prudent Conduct of the Cardinal and a resolute Army of men who seemed to wish for nothing more then to be brought on to the breach that they might carry the place by assault The Presence of the Cardinal redoubled their fear and they had learnt that his Majesties Army under his command had vanquished and overcome all enemies for the last six years in which the King had done him the honour to commit it to his care that particularly the last year he did onely appear upon the top of the Alps and that was enough to force the Spaniards to raise their Siege of Cazal Upon the 22 of March they sent seven Deputies to make an honourable surrender and after they had obtained such conditions as they desired their lives and goods saved their Priviledges and Franchises preserved to them they yeelded themselves the same day with much joy and content to his Majesties obedience and the same time the French army marched and took possession of the Town Politique Observation HE that commands an Army ought to think himself very happy if his first attempt have good successe with it Just as in the Orbs of the Heavens the Primum mobile gives motion to all the rest so if the first enterprise end advantagiously it hath so great an influence on the spirits of the vanquished that they are more then half stagger'd to give way for their second overthrow Fortune doth most commonly adopt ends to their beginnings and as the Fountain head doth much contribute to the cleernesse and purity of those Waters which flow from it so the first good successe is a happy Omen of a prosperous issue even to the very end of the War Tacitus saith they are the first chances which beget and breed either courage or cowardize in the hearts of the Souldiers Orators in their pleadings use to place in the Front their strongest reasons and arguments knowing that by it they do so arrest and commit a force upon the minds of their Auditors that when they have but once inclined and perswaded them by those their prime and principal motions and inductions the rest appear too much the more plausible and effective A General ought to imploy his very best forces in the assaults of his first siege or in his first ingagement of Battel and rest confident that his first Action will give a great stroke in the successe of the rest of the War Thus Charles the Eighth came into Tuscany by the Road of Pontremole and being neer Serezzanella which was in his way seated on a most impregnable Rock he resolved to take it that he might give a reputation and credit to his Army that the World might conceive an opinion that there was not any thing which could withstand the courages and resolution of his Souldiers and Commanders in a short while he carried it and by it gained so great an esteem and wonder that his enemies were astonished at the report of it The bringing of the Cittadel of Pignerol under the Kings Subjection AFter the Town of Pignerol was yeelded the Count Vrban Lescalanga who was Governour retired into the Cittadel with 800 Souldiers but the Cardinal pursued him to his Trenches and raised works so quickly that upon our Ladydaies Eve one of the Bastions of the Castle was entred the circumvallation finished and the Camp so strongly fortified with Lines of Communication Redoubts and Forts that all the strength