Selected quad for the lemma: enemy_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
enemy_n	army_n	pass_v	passage_n	972	5	7.4974	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A15036	The honorable reputation of a souldier with a morall report, of the vertues, offices, and (by abuse) the disgrace of his profession. Drawen out of the liues, documents, and disciplines, of the most renowned Romaine, Grecian, and other famous martialistes. By George Whetstone, Gent.	Whetstone, George, 1544?-1587?	1585 (1585)	STC 25339; ESTC S111682	22,474	44

Princes that neyther aske aduise of God nor seeke satisfaction with quietnesse If any man brought the Romaines tydinges of some Prouince reuolted or of any other iust cause of warre the Senate first sent to the Offenders frendly requiring them to returne to their obediēce if they continued their contempt they thē created their Captaines for this expedition But before any prosecution they caused their Sacrificators to make praiers vnto the gods after this the Senate assembled themselues and went vnto the Temple of Iupiter and there solemply swore that so oftē as the enemy against whom they moued war would seeke new conditions or craue pardō for their offences committed that their clemēcy should at no time be denyed This done the Consull elect for the enterprise went vnto the Capitoll and there made a solempne vowe that if he retourned with victorie he would offer vnto the Gods some special pretious thing After this the Banner of the Eagle which was the auncient Ensigne of Rome was displayed in the field called Mars by which the people were warned that during the tyme that the Citizens their parents were in the warres that they should neyther celebrate feasts or publicke spectacles finally a Preest mounted vpō the gate called Salarie caused a Trumpet to be soūded to sommon the men of warre and there euery particuler Captaine receiued his ensigne by this it was publikly known that they set not forward their Armies before they had appeased and honored their Gods The Athenians neuer moued warre before the Philosophers and the graue Common-wealthes-men had aduisedly considered whether the same were righteous or no. The Israelites prosecuted the warre by derectiō of the Prophets as appeareth by m●nyexāples of the olde Testament when the Captaines and Souldiers were thus sacisfied by the Prophetes graue common wealthes-men that they should in the extreamest degree but sacrifice their bloods in the seruice of God the safetie of their Countrey and their owne immortall honnour Small is the wounder if they lightly regarded of life and proudely encountred death Sole desire of fame zeale to do their Contrey seruice moued many that had no thought of the immortalitie of the soule to bee wilfull executioners of their owne liues Plutarke writeth that in Phrigia there was a great gaping of y e earth out of which swelled great waters that ouerthrewe many houses Ancurus king Midas sonne hearing that Gods Ire would not be appeased vntil some one mā leaped into the Gulfe Desire of fame which those heathen men reputed an immortall life hastened Ancurus to leape into that Gulfe as hee thought with the losse of his life to rid his country from this outragious water Curtius the noble Romane did the like vpon the like occasion The two worthy Lacedimonians Spartius Bulides voluntarily bowed their neckes to the gallowes to make satisfactiō for the offence of the Lacedemoniās who contrary to the law of all nations which protecteth euery Ambassadour both in time of peace warre slew king Xerxes Ambassadour Themistocles Mutius Scevola and many others might bee ioyned with these examples but especially the acte of Codrus the last king of Athens is worthy remēbraūce it was foretould by the Oracle at Delphos that if the Athenians would bee victors their kinge must needs be slaine When Codrus vnderstoode that the libertie of his countrie stood vpon the losse of his life hee pre●ētly in the habit of a slaue entred the campe of the Pelloponians and Dorians his enimies and quarelled vntill he was slaine Beholde the noble resolution of the auncient Captaines a nūber feared not death almost euery one hated a dishonorable life The Souldiers of Caesar many tymes died desperatly rather then they would bee the seruile prisoners of their enimies Among many y e most hardy attemps that the Iewes made vpon Vespasian his sonne Titus to bee delinered of the Romane seruitude this one example of their proude disdaine of life shewed their litle feare of death When God to chasten the greeuous sinnes of the Iewes suffred them notwithstanding their invincible courage to be slaine by the Romanes of a number that were slaine there being but fortie one left aliue which few rather thē the Romanes should haue any glory of their captiuitie by the drawing of lottes they appoincted one to be the executioner of an other The Earle of Shreusbury who in Henry the sixte his time was so feared in Fraunce as the frenchmē to scarre their Children as we doe by Robyn good fellow haue to this day a by-word Garde le taulbot being by the enuious contentions in Englande left almost succourlesse in Fraunce In fine was beset with a great power of french men beyonde all possibilitie for his strength to ouercome and albeit hee had good meane to escape by flight yet hee courageously abode their incounter and vpon this resolution he thus sayd vnto his sonne Sonne quoth he thou art yong and mayst with thy honour flye But I am old and haue had my life honored with many victories all which I should loose if I should deferre my death which by course of nature cannot bee farre of by a tymerous flight Therefore I am bound to staye What should his sonne doe but euen which he did followe the fortune of his father and so like as they liued they dyed valiant men This presice preseruation of honor neither the deuines nor many polliticke Martialistes do allowe the one absolutely reprouing desperate ende the other forbidding a mā wilfully to dye when by his death hee neither benefiteth his frend nor hurteth his enimie And yet the greatnes of these mens courages are to be honored although not necessary to be followed But necessitie many tymes approueth resolute bouldnesse to be honorable profitable and necessarie As at the Moūtaine Antilliban in Arabia Alexander being a foote farre off his Army through care that he had of his Tutor Lysimacus who in a maner was tyred with trauell and being bee-nighted and out of his waye hee perceaued that his barborous enimies had made diuers fires in the Mountaine by whome he must passe and therefore as his best remedy in that extremitie he sodenly set vppon one of the cōpanies slue two of the saluadges and like a Fury with a firebrand in his hand he made a passage vntill hee came vnto his Campe And by this hazard hee both preserued him selfe and those that were with him But his hardiest aduenture was among the Malians the stoutest people of y e Indians who hauing scaled the walles of their Cittie his scaling ladder broke and seeing that his Enimies assaulted him sharply with thieir Darts he sodenly leaped among the thickest of them who with the noyse and shining of his Armour so feared his enemies supposing that a light or sprite went before him they fled on euery side and when in the end they assailed him hee set his backe to the wall and fought

drunken and voluptuous exercise as whē Lucius Pius had brought the Sarmates vnto a voluntary obedience by his often banquetting and making of them good cheere and at his retourne to Rome demāded to triumphe The Senate not only denyed him this honour but in disdaine of his drunken victorie they put him openly to death and for his further reproche they wrote this Epitaphe vpon his Tombe Heere Lucius Pius Consull lyes Who not with Armes in Fielde But with Wine mirth and Table-cheare Did make the Sarmates yeelde THe Senate not yet content adnulled all that Lucius had done and by their letters remitted the Sarmates into their auncient libertie And certainly this worthie vertue shined in the Romanes they refused to make a benefite of any thing that was dishonorable and for that the president is necessarie for all Souldiers to follow this one other shorte example shall not bee impertinent to the purpose Fabritius being encamped before the Citie of Fidena a Schoolemaister of the Towne in hope of some great preferment stole foorth and presented Fabritius with the children of the most worthy Citizens The Cōsull saw that this was a good meane to become Lord of the Cittie Neuertheles he refused th' aduantage for his hyre he boūd the Scoolemaister and caused the boies with rods to whippe him into the towne to recompence which honorable fauour the Cittizens willingly payed tribute vnto the Romanes What would y ● heathē Romanes who were thus precise in matters of honor iudge of many christiās who seldome refuse offred aduaūtages against the enimies yea which is dānable very oftētimes hire Athiests and such earthly Furies to poison murder and betraye annointed Princes and their soueraignes Their Censure coulde be no other but that they them selues feared God and that such Christians and their instruments followed the Deuill But to continue further with Millitarie documents it is not inough that the Souldier be valiāt in execution mercifull after victorie chaste of body temperate in eating and drinking and a hater of Plenes But obedience is also specially required of a well gouerned Souldier A mutinous and disobedient person is in a campe like a scabbed and rotten sheepe in a fould an instrument of his owne and a number of his fellowes destructions The Romanes had a speciall regard in the chastising and purging of this faulte as worse then a plague in an Army they without respect of persōs punished disobedience as appeereth by the seuere lentence that the Consull Titus Manlius gaue vpon his owne only sonne whose disobedience was both honorable and bene●itiall to the Romanes but they esteemed not of that benefite which nourrished a mischiefe The Consull commaunded that no man should fight without his direction Genutins Metius one of the enimies pricked forth challenged Manlius sonne Yong Manlius thought it a foule shame and dishonour to refuse Genutius and therefore couragiously set vpō the challenger ouercame and slewe him and was of all his fathers Souldiers highly commended But the Consull vnderstanding of this matter called for his Sonne and tould him that he commaunded that no man should fight without his derection and for as much as he had broke the order which is to be kept in war by which thitherto Rome had beene aduanced to great honour and therefore sonne quoth he since the choyse is so hard that I must either forget the common weale or else depriue my selfe of thee in whome I tooke priuatly most delight in I will that the common weale take no hurt and therevpō he willed the hangman to take his sonne to execute on him the punishmēts due vnto those that by euill example hurt the discipline obediēce of souldiers which was to binde him to a stake to whipe him and afterwards to behead him The like sentence Brutus gaue of his Sonnes for that contrary to a generall Commaundement shey wrote but letters to call Tarquinius in againe If there worthie Captaines ●or light Trespasses thus sharply punished their Sonnes what hope of fauour may the priuate Souldier expect that rashly disobediently breaketh the orders of the Leaders euen the fauour that a Rebell deserueth in a peaceable gouernement For as bould and carelesse running vpon death is honorable and meritorious when in Martiall iudgement such resolutenesse in a fewe may be the safetie of a number according to the Italian saying Beato colui chi puo far beato altrui Happy is he that can make another man happy Euen so needelesse and vnprolitable rashnes by wilfull falling vpon the enimies Sword is reducul●us daungerous very dishonorable for as there is a saying in Martiall pollicy Hee that flyeth the field may retourne againe and annoy his Aduersarie when he that is vnprofitably and rashly slaine possesseth his enimie with the glory of his death without feare of reuenge As did the vntemperate Capadocians who enuying the victorie of Perdicas inclosed them selues within their Citie with fire consumed the same ioyntly with them selues wi●es children goods And by this vnnaturall hardinesse made Perdicas spoyle in trueth to bee small and their owne after fortune to be nothing But in the reprehension of rashnes and disobedience in a Souldier there is no intent any way to fauour cowardlines but rather to reproue the same as a fault as dangerous as indis●rete bouldnesse For the Coward doth not only hurt with his own ●eare but by his running awaye a number are discomforted and follow for companie many times to the perill of the whole Army And therefore Astiadges to make his Cowardes hardy thrust them in the face of the enimie and placed approoued Souldiers at their barks with charge to kill them if they turned their heades Titus Liuius Iulius Frontinus writeth that Appius Claudius and Marcus Anthonius punished the Cowardly Romanes which were very few in this manner The squadrons and bandes by whome the enimie had passadge drewe cuts and of whome soeuer the lot fell he presently was put to death Damatria a woman of Lacedemon hearing that her sonne had not fought as became a Lacedemonian presently at his retourne shee slewe him with her owne hāds as one that was sory she had borne so cowardly a sonne And surely hee that commeth into the fielde and is a●earde to fight must the rest of his life looke to liue like an Owle but small circumstances suffice in this point For Englishmen to whom I direct this Treatise as the learned Sir Thomas Smith writeth are a people naturally that feareth not death by cōsequence carelesse of their enimie But on the contrarie part Englishmen are men of much desart and therefore Enuie and Emulation raigneth mightely among them For Enuy alwaies assaileth worthy men and these foule passions haue beene the scourges or more properly the ouerthrowes of the most worthy men and Gouernments The Athenians had no other remedie against this poison b●● to deuise a law called Ostraci●me

Wealthes The prudent Romaines founde out the bene●ite that proceeded of the rewarding of Souldiers and therfore they deuised many honours and rewards to recompence their good seruices When any Captaine had any notable victorie hee after thankes giuen to the Gods presently mounted vppon a Theatre and generally praised the whole Army thē calling the Bandes and Squadrons that fought most valiantly he praysed euery Souldier by his proper name calling him Companion and friende of his Countrey and withall gaue to euery one as he deserued as to some Crownes to others gauntlets and to many Harnesse with such deuises as no mā might weare but such as had deserued the like The Consull Papirius with such like ornaments proper to euery mans desarte for one victorie rewarded fourteene Centurions one whole Squadron of Souldiers Scipio did the like in Spaine wherein euery mās merite was written There were many Crownes or Garlandes proper for speciall seruices as whosoeuer deliuered the Cittie of Rome or Campe of the Romanies from any sharpe or dangerous siege he was recōpenced with the Crowne Obsidionale and he and his companie that did this seruice were honored as men that had deliuered the Cittie or Army from death Quintus Fabius for deliuering Roome from the dangerous assault of Haniball had this Crowne AEmilius Scipio was in this manner Crowned in Affrica And for the like seruice Calfurnius the valiant Lutius Cincinius were crowned Then whosoeuer deliuered any Citizen of Rome and slu● one enimie without shrinking from the place of this seruice he was rewarded with the crown Civique This was a recompence of great honour for the meanest Souldier that obtained this Crowne in the open feasts and Theaters was placed next to the Senators who vpon his entraunce rose frō their places to do him honor Many Romaines obtained this Crowne especially the most valiant Cineinius before named wonne it fourteene times These Crownes were of flowers or such like but yet of more reputatiō then the other of gold The Crown Murale was of gold and was giuen vnto him that first scaled the wall Manlius Capitolin Quintus Trebelius and diuers others gained this Crowne The Crownes Castreuse and Nauale were likewise of Golde the one was due vnto him that in fight first entred the barriers of his enimies the other at Sea that first entred the enimies ship And of this Crowne Marcus Varro Marcus Agrippus and many other noble Romaines thought no scorne There were other Crownes and speciall honnours giuen vnto the Romaines which for breuitie sake I omit which is worthie of regarde In distrubutiō of these honnours the noble and the innoble Souldier by birth was regarded alike Besides the Romaines Captaines in honour of their victories had their surnames after the Countries which they conquered the one Metellus for the subduing of Iugurthe of Numidie was called Numidique the other Metellus for subduing y e king of Macedone was surnamed Macedonique Lucius Mummius was named Aca●que for the ●ubduing of Acaye and Corinthe Brutus for y e subiecting of Gaule was named Galloys The two noble Scipioes the one was call'd Afriq●● 〈◊〉 Carthagique for his victories in Affrica at Carthage The other was surnamed Asiatique for the cōquering of Antioche and for being the first that displaied the Romaine Ensignes in Asia many othe● Romaines had such like honorable surnames in triumphe of their victories but these may suffice to showe the honorable reputatiō of a souldier how he was in the auncient florishing commō weales reuerenced of the graue Senators and generally honored of the publique weale where the gouernmēt Is Monarchie the soueraigne sole Commander is girded with a sword and glorieth in the name of a Souldier where it is Oligarchie where a fewe of the best gouerne the chiefest person hath a charge of the Martiall affaires The Romaines whē they changed their gouernment by banishing of their tyrannous kings imployed their chiefe Cōmander the Consul abroad in the warres In the like reputation were the Captains in the famous common weales of Athens Lacidemonia Whē Cyrus deliuered the lewes out of the great captiuitie of Babilon hee sent them home vnder the cōduct of their Captaine Zorobabel and their chiefe sacrificator Iosue by which estates they were gouerned vntill Aristobulus vsurped both the title of king and chiefe sacrificator The base segniorie of y e Mecanicall people called Democratia wherin the baser sort as handy craftsmen gouerne in time of warre are gladly ruled by the worthy Captaine The most magnificent Triumphes first deuised by Dionisius or Dennis surnamed the free Father and imitated by the Carthagenians by the testimonie of Iustin onely were dedicared to the honour of the victorious Captaine But as the Romaines exceeded all nations of the worlde in power so in this glorious pompe they tooke awaye all possibilitie for men to bee more honored the circumstances howe euerie estate of the Common wealth did seruice and reuerence vnto the victorious Captaine howe crowned kings were lead vppe and downe as his Captiues howe that no magnificence that arte or mans wit could deuise was wanting the hundred part of the glorye whereof sufficed to glut the beholder All which particularly to reporte would co●●aine a greater volume then is appointed for my 〈◊〉 purpose In reformed gouermēts where excesse of Apparel was defended as in that of King Ferdinādoes who erected the Knights of the band and in the straight Commandement of King Phillip le Bel and with your fauour in the straight lawes and Proclamations of England Gold siluer and al maner of brauery is dispensed within Martial showes by reason of which apparāce of honor and reputation due and giuen vnto the Souldier a number of yongelings aduance their thoughtes and thirst after the like glory Of which alluremēt grewe the old saying Dulce bellum in expertis But if all his daungers distresses woundes and many times prodigall losse of life bee ballanced with his glory the grauer sorte will iudge his honorable reputatiō to be deserued or at y e least dearily bought how that he is bound to march in the depth of winter and the heate of Sommer to lye vpon the bare ground and which is worst to fetch his meate out of the Canons mouth or to sterue in the besieged towne with many deadly dangers which the toūg of him that hath felt them can deliuer better then my pen that haue but heard them The consideration of all these peri●s iustly moued the graue Senators with these magnificent Triumphes and honorable rewardes to arme their Souldiers with an invincible courage and yet w●th your patiēce they durst not put their honour simply vppon their Souldiers valiācy how resolute soeuer they were in execution the wise Senatours were fearefull to direct And certainly the religious Ceremonies that the Romanes vsed before they attempted any war reproueth the incōsiderate warres of many Christian

by which as the lottes fell out some of their principall men were yeerely banished and many tymes the lots fell of the best benefactors of the cōmon weale who were banished by the ingratitude of the common people Enuy raigned strongly among the Romanes but there were to many occasions of aduauncemēt as their Enuy brought forth honorable effectes for that vertue being there the ladder of aduauncement euery one sought by worthines to clyme the ●yest degree When Porsinaes hoaste dangerously besieged Roome Cocleus was highly honored for a peece of Seruice about a woodden bridge which the noble Mutius Sceuola so enuyed as to doe his countrie a greater seruice he in the habit of a pedler entred into the Hetruian campe euen vnto the kinges tent and there slewe the Kinges Secretary in steede of the king Sceuola was taken vpon the fact boldly confessed his determinatiō The king to increase his torment commanded that hee should be burned to death with a torch by peace-meales in his own presence Sceuola cōstantly without change of coūtenance endured the burning of his hande which so abashed the king as hee deliuered Sceuola made peace with the Romanes for feare they would haue many Sceuolaes to endanger him when hee should lacke Secretaries to doe him the former seruice This was the Enuy that rained among the Romanes while vertue iudged mens demerites but the commō Enuy wher she hath passadge is like a swine in a garden a destroyer without regarde and in a Campe a very subuertion And for that this is a cōmon fault amōg the greatest the Generalls of Armies ought to haue a speciall care thereof least the miserie bee generall before the mischiefe be suspected Moreouer because it is a passion vncurable I would to God the Enuious would Counsell themselues as the two worthy Enimies Cretinus Magnesius and Hermias did King Mithridates being at warre with theie Countrey Cretinus Magnetius gaue his cōsent that his great enimie HERMIAS should be captaine against Mithrida●es and in the meane season he solemply protested to banish himselfe his Countrey least there might some tumult or businesse arise by their factions But Hermias knowing Cretinus to be the better Captaine of both for the loue hee bare to his Country gaue that honour to his enimie banished himselfe vntill the warres were at an ende If euery man would follow this worthy example that Monster Enuy might very well take priuate reuenge but should neuer worke publique distruction as she doth for the most where she cōquereth A great many duties binde a man to preferre the loue of his Con●trey before an enuious desire of reuenge but I pray god a litle grace bridle y ● enuious mās affectiōs for it is to be ●eared if prayer preuēt n●t coūsell will do litle good against this mischiefe There is another foule common fault to be hated of a Souldier which is in thinking ouer well of himselfe to di●daine another that carrieth not so proude a countenance For Contenaunce is so great a deceiuer as it brought foorth this Adage Fronti nulla fides but as the slender Grayhound byteth as sore as the strong Mastife and ouertaketh sooner euen so a weake man may haue more strength in his head then a mighty in his body The prudent Sertorius made proofe of Catoes graue saying Ingen●o pollit 〈◊〉 vim natura negauit by a pretty exāple Hee had in his campe A litle weake but yet a pollitick man and amōg oher Souldiers a great big boned braineles Lubber he had also two horses th' one fat lusty with a thick taile th'other a litle leane horse almost without a taile Sertorius appointed the litle ●eeble mā to plucke of the great horse tayle and y ● big sturdy Souldier to pluck of the few ha●res y t were of the leane horse taile The weake man whome good education had giuen wit pollicie in the place of strength pulled by three or iiij haires at once so quickly of a long tayle left no taile The other a good strong yeomās body tugged at the whole taile and wrought vntill he sweate but sty●red not a haire An example of double pro●it instruction The ackt of the weak man sheweth that a handfull of witte is worth a horse loade of strength and the bootles tugging of the strong man witnesseth the mightie force of a ●ewe that are firmely vnited together and the diuision of the great tayle the confusion of a multitude that are among themselues deuided It is then a principall vertue in a Souldier to intertaine his companion with milde conuersatiō a great part of his safetie to be vnited vnto him in assured frendship This disdaine and proude vpbraiding of men proceeded first from the Dunghill And therefore vnmeete to haue place in Court or campe where Gentlemen onely men of reputation should liue Disdaine as I haue sayde came from the Dunghill And of such a Gentleman Claudian thus writeth Asperius nihil est humili cum surgit in Altum Then let disdaine bee proper to a Dunghill minde who hauing no Ornamentes of vertue holdeth his placeby proude disdainfull behauiors But the Souldier and euery man that thir●teth for true honour must holde this for a principall that Reputation consisteth in a mans owne wel doing and not in an-other mans disgrace It is a good course then for euery man to honour himselfe with good indeu●urs and a great blame to dishonour another with infamous wordes For art hath made no man so perfect but that hee may dayly learne nor nature no man so imperfect but he may be an instrument of some good purpose Asinius Caesars Barbor the fearefullest wretch aliue whose minde was giuen onely to feare mistrust by his tymerous suspect saued Caesars life in discouering the Treason of Pothinus and Achillas Caesar had not a veryer wretch then the Barbor Asinius in his whole Army nor neuer a Captaine that did him greater seruice Euery mā is not mad for all purposes but his seruice that is any way profitable is no way to be disdained Alexander the great wrote a booke which hee called Remembraunces for euery day which contained neither scoffing nor disdainefull vsadge of the simpler sort but contrary wise how he helped their Ignoraunces with good coūsels Instructed them in pollicies and appeased euery small contention before it grew to a quarrell He that wilbe worthy let him looke into worthy mēs doings follow the exāples of the worthiest No man can haue a greater light then of the Sunne nor better instruction then from the wisest To conclude it is a most honorable vertue and a necessarie duty in a Souldier at leasurable times to be studious in matters of pollicie and alwayes when his hands are idle to haue a working minde Caesar the best Captaine that euer liued was so addicted to study as there was a question whether he were more inclined to the Launce