the Mosell but the Prince to divert the Enemies intelligence upon the sixteenth of September drew two miles back from Coblentz and past the Rhine in Punts a kind of Liter advancing forward on the other side of the River three English miles that night to a Village called Hembach where the Foot stayed till the Horse past the River And this sudden change of resolution was one of Prince Henry's Master-pieces for he knew from Collen Spinola would have intelligence by Curriers which way the bent of their march tended and they had the Mosell in their eye all the way but the Rhine in intention In the Halt before Coblentz one bullet among others from the Town past between General Vere and the Earl of Essex standing together and hit a Gentleman called Flood on the elbow The cause of shooting from thence as was conceived proceeded from a Skirmish the night before that happened betwixt some English and the Country People of an adjoyning Village on the Mosell for Captain Fairfax being sent with a Squadron to them in a peaceable manner to desire the accommodation of bread and wine for Money the Bores shot at him and hurt some of his men but he stoutly advancing to them they took their Boats and hasted down to Coblentz Some of the Bores were reported to be slain for which Fairfax upon the Prince's complaint was committed to give the Country satisfaction but the next day released MAURITS PRINS VAN ORANJE Benssheim Spinola finding himself deluded on one side of the Rhine past the River Main with all his Horse and four thousand Foot intending to snap them on the other but the stream being too high his Waggons with Munition took wet and some Field-peices miscarried which could not be recovered with the loss of some of his men which disasters happening they admonished him to a retreat otherwise in all probability he had cut off those Forces before they could have joyned with the Princes of the Union The 24 of September Prince Henry with his Horse and General Vere with the Foot past the River Main at a Ford not far from Frankford the Foot for the most part marching up to the middle through the stream and that night they stood in Arms having two Alarums of Spinola's approach not hearing yet he was retired The next day they had a long march to recover Darmstat one half of which Town belongs to the King of Bohemia the other part to the Landsgrave of Hessen There Prince Henry and the Dutch Companies left the English and returned into the Netherlands again and fifteen hundred German Horse commanded by Colonel Megan met them by order from the Princes of the Union The 27 of September they came to Beinsheim being the first intire Town in the Palatinate they arrived at and upon the first of October past over the Rhine by Worms upon a Bridge of Boats and that day were met by the Marquess of Ansbach and some others of the Princes of the Union who stayed to see them march by wondering at the gallantry of such Foot who were with them the meanest of the people After two days rest the Princes with part of their Army being 4000 Horse and 6000 Foot joyned with the English and together marched towards Altzi a Town in the Palatinate that the Enemy had taken in which they intended to surprize But hearing by their Scouts that the Enemy had quitted the Town as not tenable and that Spinola with his whole Army was marching towards them they faced about to make his way the shorter and within three hours their Scouts and the Enemies were in Skirmish but the German Princes not having their whole Army were not forward to engage Spinola seeing them march towards him being as weary as they took the advantage of a Hill and forced their Horse with his Cannon to retreat but the Princes drew their Cannon up another Hill on the right hand of the Enemy there being a large bottom and a hill of Vineyards betwixt the two Armies which were not visible but from thence for the one Hill drowned the other to them in the bottom As soon as they saw how the Enemy strove to secure himself and that he was loth to come on they judged their strength not to be great and therefore took a resolution to set upon them The Dutch in curtesie yielded the Vanguard to the English which before they stood upon as a Punctilio of honor The English General drew out of every Division fourscore Musqueteers to give the On-set who were incouraged by that Reverend Divine Doctor Burges of whom mention is formerly made who accompanied the General from England and was an instrument of much good to that Regiment though they needed no incouragement at that time being spirits willingly prepared for such enterprises AMBROSIVS SPINOLA DVX S. SEVERINO PRINC SARLVAL MARCH BENAFRO The next day they marched to Quarters again where the Soldiers found the Country Roots Fruits and Wine in the Must no good preservatives But after they had stayed by it seven or eight days Spinola led them a dance for digestion pretending for Keisars Luther a Town in the borders of the Palatinate which made the Princes advance their whole body to attend him but as they drew near he retreated so that they sported with one another as children at Seek and Find though neither of their Armies could be much pleased with the sharp frosty nights those desolate and naked Hills exposed them to upon the top of one of them the English Commanders one night burnt a great many of their Wagons to warm them the Frost was so violent and the Soldiers lay in heaps upon the ground close together like sheep cover'd as it were with a sheet of snow Yet they spent the time thus till their Stoves summon'd them to warmer lodging And the English Regiment was disposed into three principal Garrisons General Vere commanded in Manheim Sir Gerard Herbert in Heidelburgh and Serjeant-Major Burrows in Frankindale imprisoning themselves in Walls while the Enemy romed round about them and they had only power to preserve themselves For the Princes of the Unions Forces were garrison'd in their several Countries I have the more particularly described this Expedition because I was an eye-witness of what passed and if we had not had an allay of Dutch dulness the Spaniard could not have carved to himself so great a share in that Country and their opposers had not mouldred away their Forces as they did afterwards which makes this Relation harsh and unpleasing But there was a Divine Fate attended not only this Country but all Germany For the Almighty Wisdom that is the Author of all Revolutions in the World hath his set times for changes which often tends to the imbettering of it For all the Northern Conquests of the Goths Huns Vandals Scyths and other baâ—barous Nations were to corroborate the Southern bodies wasted with Ease and Luxury And now in Germany a
flood of Books that almost tended to an inundation overspread the World and was her great disease Besides the drunken Dropsie witness their monstrous swelling tuns and vessel In lieu of books War brings in barbarism which is the first-born before Plague or Famine These do not always kill but rectifie Full bodies are apt to fall sick and then they must be drawn very low often-times before they come to perfect health These Iudgments have faln heavy upon England we drink the dregs of the Cup one sin is not to be pointed at but all and though it hath been bitter to the taste yet He that knows the nature of the Ingredients may make it wholsom unto those that love him One thing both pitiful and remarkable that hapned in the Palatinate was almost omitted There was a Gentleman whose name was Duncomb that was a Soldier in the Earl of Oxford's company This young man left a Gentlewoman behind him in England to whom he had vowed his heart and promise of marriage but her fortune being not fit for his Father's humor he threatned to dis-inherit him if he married her and the better to alienate him from her he sent him so long a journey hoping time and absence might wear out those impressions that the present fancy had fixed upon him charging him at his departure never to think of her more lest with the thoughts of her he lost him for ever The young man being now long absent from her and having his heart full with the remembrance of her could not contain himself but let her know that no threats or anger of Parents should ever blot her memory out of his thoughts which was illustrated with many expressions of love and affection But the careless man writing at the same time to his Father superscribed his Father's Letter to his Mistris wherein he renounces her and his Mistresses Letter to his Father wherein he admires her The Father swoln with rage and anger against the Son sent him a bitter Letter back again full of menaces and whether that or shame for the mistake that she should see he renounced her whom he profest to love did overcome his Reason is not known but he killed himself to the great grief of all the English there And by this example Parents that are too rigid to their children may see what Murderers they are For it was not the young man's hand but the old man's hard heart that killed him CAROLVS ALBERTVS DE LONGVEVAL COMES DE BVQVOY ET DE GRATZEN BARO DE VAVX ET DE ROSEN BERGHE COMIT HANNONLAE GVBERNATOR B. Moucornet CXCII This was a fair Spring-time the Battail being fought upon the tenth of March and might have inhanced the hopes of a good Autumn But in November following when the Princes of the Union and Spinola were hunting one another among the frosty Hills in the Palatinate the Duke of Bavaria coming with a great Army towards Prague and joyning Bucquoy and Tillie with all their Forces together like cruel Hunters meant either to catch a Prey or be a Prey Anhalt then had not so closed with Count Mansfeldt as to bring him up to him being pufft up with his last Victory and some of his Soldiers being discontented for want of Pay it abated the edge of their Courage yet he got with his Army betwixt the Imperialists and Prague and stood upon the advantage of Ground but all would not do a Hand went out that gave a Period to that Royalty for the Enemy breaking through them forced his way and put the Bohemians into such confusion that happy was he that could escape with his life The Prince of Anhalt and his Lieutenant General Holloc were the first that fled and brought the news of the defeat to the King at Prague who with his Queen astonished with the danger being in a City not very defensible among a wavering People and a Conquering Enemy in the Field took time by the fore-top and in this hurly burly the next morning being the 9 of Nov. left Prague taking with them their most portable things having load enough within them But the Queen the more Gallant and Royal Spirit carried it with most undauntedness the King suffered doubly as he went being blamed for keeping his Soldiers without pay having such a masse of money by him which he was forced to leave behind to his Enemies and the imputation stuck upon him but flying upon the Wings of common Fame I shall not lure it into this Relation as a known Truth But by a sad Accident that some years after happened to this unfortunate King it was obvious that he left not all behind him for going to visit the Bankers of Amsterdam where his Treasure lay brooding and passing in the night over Harlem mere the winds and darkness in a conspiracy made a cross Hoigh to run against the King's and bulged it in the Sea but before it sunk the King and others got to the Mastring Vessel and saved themselves But the Prince his Son being of a pregnant hopeful puberty with too severe a fate was left to the broken Boat which they durst not approach again though they heard his cries so that he was abandoned to be tormented to death which was more grievous than death it self for the Waters being shallow and the Hoigh sinking not far the next day they found him frozen to the Mast embracing it as his last Refuge his Body half above half under the water This Story melting with Pity is here inserted because the glory of this King expires And since there will be occasion to mention him no more because his Actions afterwards never mounted up one Story high Take this brief Character of him He was a comely Personage for body of a good stature his complexion of a duskish melancholy the constitution of his mind rather fitted for those little besoignes of Accounts and Reckonings than any vigorous or masculine heat to solder up the crackt Title of a Crown He was a handsom well-built but slight Edifice set on an ill Foundation that could not stand long The King of great Britain that the Bohemians built upon was not of so firm a temper as to support a Fortress weakly made that must endure the Rigorous Shock of War which made it at the first or second Assault thus totter and fall The two English Ambassadors Weston and Conwey which our King sent to mediate for the Bohemians could make little use of their Oratory being scattered with the rest in the Cloud of this Confusion But they brought the King and Queen to Limburgh the first days journey and after they were gone towards the Netherlands the Ambassadors procured a safe Conduct from the Duke of Bavaria to return to Prague But there they could find no words so prevalent and penetrable as the steel of a Conquering Enemy and so they returned home re infecta no wiser than they went out This Defeat coming to
time than at others the mischief that fell to them in this Height of their pride and greatness is very remarkable For at at a Sermon in Black-Friers where Father Drurie a Iesuit vented his pestilent Doctrine to an Auditory of near three Hundred people the Floor of the Chamber being an upper room fell down and killed the Preacher and almost if not a full Hundred of his Auditory outright maiming and bruising most of the rest many of them lying a long time under the Rubbish crying for Help and with much difficulty recovered their broken Limbs Thus many times we might immediately see the hand of God who is the Lord of Life and Death though through wilful stupidity because we must judge modestly we look upon these accidents by mediate and second causes thinking an old house can destroy so many lives without the permission of that supreme Authority that orders all things both in Heaven and in Earth The Duke of Brunswick this Spring being healed of his wounds received in the last Battle with Mansfeldt and having gotten an artificial Arm to manage his Horse which he could do with a great deal of dexterity what by his own interest and power and the assistance of his friends being but a younger Brother and having nothing but the Bishoprick of Haverstat for his portion he raised a great Army in the lower parts of Germany about Brunswick and Munster consisting of about sixteen thousand foot and five thousand horse every way compleatly armed and accomplished with a gallant Train of Artillery The Horses Wagons and Carriages in such trim and suitable Equipage as shewed by their suitableness in furniture they had not been patched up nor hastily hurried together His Design being invited thereto was to joyn with the Prince of Orange to be revenged of the Spaniard for the loss of his Arm the last year But the chief motive as he alwaies pretended was his respects to the Queen of Bohemia who in those dayes whether out of pity for her suffering so much or out of fear that Religion would yet suffer much more carried a great stream of affection towards her ILLVSTRISSIMVS PRINCEPS CHRISTIANVS DVX BRVNSVICENSIS ADMINISTRATOR HALBERSTADENSIS Tali Brunonis claro de stemmate Princeps Vultu Barbaricos acer consurgit in hortes Nec Patriae tristes fert mens generosa ruinas That having in their March the Enemie at their Backs if the Rear-guard made a Halt the Battail should do the same and consequently the Van-guard according to the best Discipline attending with firm foot the cause of the Halt that they may be ready to put themselves in order for service if occasion were presented The Army thus coming to pass any Passage while the Van-guard did advance the Battail and Rear-guard should make a stand with the front towards the Enemy The Van-guard being past should face the Passage and stay for the Battail which being past also should do the same for the Rear-guard that they might be ready upon the approach of an Enemy to assist one another With this Order and Direction they began to march into Westfalia Brunswick trusting to Stirem Kniphuisen and Frenck who being Natives of the Country gave him assurance of the safe Conduct of his Army by wayes short and commodious And he commanded especially the General of the Horse to send out parties of Horse every way that he might have intelligence of the Enemie's Motions who gave him assurance that the Enemies Army was not within thirty English Miles when by other hand at the same time he had certain notice that the Enemy was within three English Miles with his whole Power This miscarriage made Brunswick hast away to Newburgh the next Town where resting a little he took a Resolution to march all night to recover time and ground again that Stirum's negligence had made him lazily lose And to that end he commanded Kniphuisen and Count Isenburg to make the Baggage march at eleven a clock at Night the Cannon at Midnight and the Army two hours after But Brunswick getting up at three a clock in the Morning hoping to find his Commands obeyed and the Army in a good forwardness of advance found nothing done and these great Officers in their Beds This disobedience of his Officers troubled Brunswick much but he was constrained to Diligence as well as Patience And hastning them away they pretended forwardness but made it eight of the Clock in the morning before the Rear-guard stirred out of their Quarters From Newburgh to Statloo Bridge a place of Security was but fourteen English Miles and there were in that way seven passages or Straits where a few men might oppose an Army The Baggage Cannon and Munition except six pieces with Munition that marched with the Rere-guard had past them all and the Foot three of them without disturbance but Count Stirum with the Horse loitered still behind at Newburgh which caused Brunswick to make the whole Army face about and stay for the Horse sending a strict Command to Stirum with all speed to come up and joyn with the Foot and not to skirmish with the Enemy at any rate But he stayed so long that the Enemy began to charge him in the Rere before he advanced to the third Passage So that he sent to Brunswick for five hundred Musqueteers to amuse the Enemy till he had passed the third Passage with his Horse The Duke sent these Musqueteers according to Sirum's desire and advancing his Army forward he passed the fourth Passage and there made the Rere of his foot face about the better to favour and receive his Horse Which having done he speeds back towards Stirum to see how the Business went with him and incountring Kniphuisen he asked him what the Enemy had done Who answered Nothing all is well But Brunswick going forward found the contrary for the Enemy had made a great slaughter laying almost a thousand Horse upon the Ground This perplexed Brunswick exceedingly so that with some Passion he sent a Command to Stirum to advance his Horse towards the Body of the Army who had stayed three hours for them at the fourth Passage whither the Duke returned to secure the same planting two Peeces of Demi-cannon at the Mouth of the Passage and leaving two thousand Musqueteers to guard it for the assistance of the Horse if the Enemy should come to charge them at the Entrance and so he marched forward with the rest of the Army But Stirum drew the Horse into a Body under the side of a Wood which was in the middle of a spacious plain betwixt the two Passages and that brought the Enemy to a stand for they suspected the whole Army stood in Battalia behind that Wood and therefore did not advance which shewed they watched only for advantages And Stirum seeing the Enemie at a stand drew his Horse towards the fourth Passage which the Enemy observing made all the haste after that could be to pelt them in
the Rere but the Horse passed the fourth Passage before the Enemy came up Then Brunswick drew off his Cannon and marched away to the fifth Passage leaving Kniphuisen who undertook it voluntarily with two thousand Musqueteers to make good that Passsage which was of that advantage that half the men might have done it and two Regiments of Horse were left to give assistance to the Foot to bring them off when they should retire and joyn with the Army But the Van-guard of Brunswick's Army had scarce entred the fifth Passage but he discovered some Musqueteers running towards a Wood that was on this side and not far from the fourth Passage and riding back to see whether all stood firm he met Kniphuisen and askt him if the Passage was made good Who answered Take you no care trust me But presently discovering some of the Officers that had command of the Musqueteers running towards the Army he took a more lively apprehension that the Passage was lost and meeting Kniphuisen with some heat told him he had betrayed him But Kniphuisen excused himself that he could not keep it against an Army and complained that the Horse had abandoned him But said he the next Passage is of as great importance as the last and I will undertake to keep that upon forfeiture of my Head to redeem my Credit again and to that end he desired an entire Regiment of Foot which the Duke granted him but assured him he should answer it if any ill succeeded by his default Whilest the Army was passing the fifth Passage the Duke sent to know whether the Horse placed according to his Direction in the Rere made good their Station and he had intimation that the Horse were retired close to a Wood and by that means discovered the Foot to the Enemy And the Army was no sooner passed the fifth Passage but Kniphuisen quitted it to the Enemy without so much as a Musquet shot from them And the more to weaken his force before he quitted the Passage he comes to the Duke and tells him but it was not true that the Enemy with thirty Cornets of Horse struck towards the left hand to cut away to the Baggage to possess that And Brunswick looking about perceived within a little Wood not far off a Body of Horse which proved to be the Prince of Ouldenburgh who was Colonel of a Regiment of a thousand Horse whom he sent to resist the Enemy if they should attempt upon the Baggage And advancing his Army to the sixth Passage he passed that also before the Enemy came to it but here was Brunswick's Error in trusting Kniphuisen the third time which was only as he said to redeem his former faults for he gave the keeping of this sixth Passage to him also which he delivered to the Enemy at their first approach as he did the others And drawing the Rere-guard out of the way on the right hand contrary to Brunswick's commands and the General of the Ordnance striking out on the left hand with his Body and Cannon and Stirum sheltring himself in the Woods with his Horse The Enemy advanced freely seeing them thus scattered and charged on all sides with his whole Power But little resistance being made the General Officers leaving the Field every one shifted for himself Some escaped over Statloo Bridge many were drowned in the River the slaughter and ruin was great so was the Confusion and fear Sir Charles Rich being with Brunswick in this disorderly business escaped a great danger for in their flight his Horse fell into a Bogg where Brunswick and the rest left him sticking But being a Spritely Horse that his Brother the Earl of Warwick had given him with much labour he plunged himself out and saved both himself and his Rider The Reliques of this broken Army that scaped the Author saw at Eltem on the Hill in Cleveland and this Relation was made by the Duke of Brunswick to Maurice Prince of Orange for his own Vindication And from a French Copy that the Duke gave to the Earl of Essex he translated it then into English that some of our Nation there might partake of the true knowledge of his Misfortunes And the Duke cited his chief Officers to appear before Prince Maurice where he laid this Accusation to their charge but either the Duke had no power over them being in a strange Country or no proof against them for this strange Miscarriage being accounted among them La Fortane de la Guerre but Chance of War for they all escaped without Punishment And some years after Kniphuisen was thought fit in the Duke of Buckingham's Voyage to the Isle of Ree to be a field-Officer in the English Army which almost if not altogether thriv'd as ill So uncertain is the true State of intricate Transactions for that which is obvious and visible may be believed an Error but secret mischiefs are left to his Discovery who only knows the heart France about this time had her wounds bound up and stancht the bloody Issue by the Pacification of Montpelier but it broke out again at Rochel where some English ships did the King of France service pressed thereto by the Duke of Guise Admiral of France and though it carried a bad savour then that they should fight against the Protestants being forced thereto yet it was not so enormous and dangerous to them as when the Duke of Buckingham afterwards did force the Van-guard a prime Ship of Our King 's and six other gallant Ships out of the English hands and put them into French fingring that they might do the mischief with them Which Act was laid upon the Duke's Account among other hainous Crimes by him committed and he had dearly payed for it if the Prince his Fellow-Traveller in the first year of whose Reign it was done had not acquitted him But in their intimate and secret Counsels in France it was debated whether it were not better to pull such a Goad of Hereticks as they called the Protestants out of the side of the Kingdome that stuck there to their continual Vexation and trouble rather than have their pain perpetually renewed being impossible to heal the Sore but by such an extirpation so much rancour and inveterate Malice sprung up in the Popish Party against them of the Religion that the Animosity of it extended to little less than another Massacre And though Our King who may be said to love them gave them no countenance whatsoever his Promises were otherwise than by intreating for them being a tickle and tender point as he thought to partake with Subjects against their Prince yet God 〈◊〉 them Deliverance such are the Dispensations of his Providence by one that hated their Religion as much if not more than the French For the King of Spain doubling his Ambition possest himself about this time of some parts of the Valtolin thinking to bound France towards Italie the Alpes being not so high as his thoughts as the
Kings shall contend for a blessing upon our endeavours and for your Majesties long and happy Reign over Us And for your Childrens children after you for many and many Generations The King hearing that the House of Commons were hammering upon this Remonstrance went to Newmarket a cold and bleak Air in as cold and bleak a season pretending his Health but indeed to be further from the sound of that noise which perpetually possessed his Ears of the discontent of the Commons for the intended Match with Spain And as the Business grew up he had intimation of it from his creatures in the House for it vext his Popish Secretary Sir George Calvert Weston and others to find the House so bitter against their Profession though they were cunning Underminers and put on a smooth face there yet they aggravated the matter to the King with all the Acrimony they could so far as to reflect upon particular persons that were the most Active instruments in it And what is there in this Remonstrance at such a time when the Protestant Religion was in danger of being extirpated that put on so horrid a Vizard as to affright or exasperate the King The Emperor had prevailed in Germany the Protestant Princes either subdued or acquiesced and laid down their necks to the Yoak The Protestants were persecuted in France besieged and ruined by the youthful fury of Lewis the 13. And notwithstanding Our King's solicitations by Sir Edward Herbert since Baron of Cherbery his Resident Ambassador there who after his conflict with Luynes the youthful Constable of France and Favourite to that King being sent for home the Viscount Doncaster was sent again into France upon one of his mediating imployments who also followed that King from Camp to City and from City to Camp with as little success this being no journey of Bravery for it almost cost him his life there by a tedious sickness Rochel and Montaban were besieged at one time this very year Rochel by the Count of Soissons and the Duke of Guise and Montaban by the King a great distance one from another but Doncaster could prevail for neither yet the French King did not do his work When man hath vented all his malice he can go no further than the line God hath set him One sad story intervenes which had a various Countenance mixt with Bravery and Baseness so that it was doubtful which was most prevalent One Hicks an English-man undertook to carry a Letter from Rochel to Montaban through both Armies to let them know the good State and Condition of the Rochellers were in maugre the fury and violence of their Enemies that those of Montaban might be encouraged to hold out against the King's assaults Hicks makes a clear passage through the Army before Rochell and came to Thoulouse where the Viscount Doncaster was there he consorted with the English insinuating with a young Gentlemen one Fairfax of that noble Family in York-shire who was for that journey one of the Lord Ambassador's Train and Hicks finding him willing being a young and gallant Spirit to see the Kings Leagure at Montaban they rode thither together and under the notion of being of the Ambassador's retinue they had free admittance to view all the Works and Avenues Hicks whose eye was fixt upon his opportunity to fly into the Town made use of Fairfax to take his advantage with the least Suspicion and in the instant of time puts Spurs to his Horse and got into the Town through a Shower of Bullets leaving Fairfax astonish'd at the attempt to be wrackt and tormented to death as he was by the French fury to confess what he never knew so that Hicks his Braveâ—y deserves a Brand of Infamy and Fairfax his Innocency a memorial of pity A noble Spirit must not dare to do a gallant action an unworthy way UIUA EFFIGIES GENEROS I s siMI GULIELMI FAIRFAX PREFECTI To Frankenthal when seige Cordoua loyde Soe â—as our Britishe King craft ouerknau'd By Gondomeâ— as in it Martix made This honorable Cadet 3 and soe stau'd Of all reâ—reuts that Burroughs there comander Our glorious Burrougâ—s was compell'd to render THOVLOVSE But when this Remonstrance was brought to perfection the King had a Copy of it before the House had time to send their Messengers with it in which something so highly displeased him that he instantly dispatched a Letter to the Speaker of the House of Commons to forbid the sending of it To Our Trusty and Wellbeloved Sir Thomas Richardson Knight Speaker of the House of Commons Mr. Speaker WE have heard by divers Reports to our great grief that Our distance from the Houses of Parliament caused by Our indisposition of health hath imboldned some fiery and Popular Spirits of some of the House of Commons to argue and debate publickly of Matters far above their reach and capacity tending to Our high dishonour and breach of Prerogative Royal. These are therefore to command you to make known in Our Name unto the House that none therein shall presume henceforth to meddle with any thing concerning Our Government or deep Matters of State and namely not to deal with our dearest Son's Match with the Daughter of Spain nor to touch the Honour of that King or any other our Friends or Confederates And also not to meddle with any mans particulars which have their due motion in our ordinary Courts of Justice And whereas we hear they have sent a Message to Sir Edwin Sandis to know the Reasons of his late restraint you shall in Our Name resolve them that it was not for any misdemeanor of his in Parliament But to put them out of doubt of any question of that Nature that may arise among them hereafter you shall resolve them in Our Name That We think Our self very free and able to punish any man's misdemeanors in Parliament as well during their sitting as after which we mean not to spare hereafter upon any occasion of any man's insolent Behaviour there that shall be ministred unto Us. And if they have already touched any of these points which We have here forbidden in any Petition of theirs which is to be sent unto Us it is our pleasure that you shall tell them that except they reform it before it come to our hands We will not deign the hearing nor answering of it This was the effect of the Letter Dated at Newmarket Decem. 3. 1621. When the House had duly and weightily considered the just Reasons they had to draw up this Remonstrance in discharge of their Consciences and duties to God and the King and found how fruitless their labours were Having as it were cast out one Anchor in a tempestuous season which would take no hold they were forced to cast out another that both together might better fasten on the King 's good affections Therefore they framed this following Petition and sent the Remonstrance with it hoping yet to save the beaten Bark of the
which I would have you find out and I will make it good whatsoever it be But in all other things procure the satisfaction of the King of Great Britain who hath deserved much and it shall content me so it be not in the Match Thus was our King's plain heartedness deluded his Honour blemished his Love among his Subjects diminished the time for a positive answer for the Dispensation from Rome long expired and prolonged his Childrens Patrimony destroyed and he left so unsatisfied that the Prince himself and the Marquess of Buckingham must go into Spain to unfold this Riddle where they found it as full of Aenigma's as at first He that went to tye a knot there found it so intangled that he took some time there to clear it and when it was clear he thought it best Scindere nodum to cut that at last which he could not unloose at first The Marquess Spinola having long since left the Palatinate to the Imperials Generals with a great Army consisting of above Thirty thousand men the last Summer sits down before Berghen ap Zome a Town of very great Strength and Importance upon the Borders of Brabant and incloses himself with two strong Lines of Circumvallation notwithstanding all the Power the Town could oppose from within or Prince Maurice General of the States Army without And though he were well intrenched for his own Security yet the Works of the Town were so impregnable that he could find no way to gain it but by starving them and that could not be done but by commanding the River and those Batteries that he planted to hinder the access of Shipping with Relief into the Town were within reach of their Cannon so that he found there was little good to be done tending to the reducing of it This struck the Marquess to the Heart that he should bury his Honour as he had done a great part of his Army in those bloody Trenches and therefore he gave scope to his Resolution to make use of his time for he converted his intentions of Starving to Assaulting and his assaults were the more furious because he found they would not last long and Old Morgan that gallant Colonel with his English Brigade gave them their hands full the Scots did Gallant Service in the Town and their Colonel Hinderson was slain but many of the Enemy fell on every side for it is a great disadvantage for living Bodies to fight against dead Walls being so high and unassaultable A General that goes to besiege a City should have his access to it in his apprehension as plain as a Mathematician hath a Demonstration except it be upon some emergent cause otherwise there is an Error in his account and there cannot be two for the Honour dyes in the first which touched the Marquess near being his great trouble and made him and his enterprise both droop ERNESTUS D G COMES MANSFELDIAE MARCHIO CASTELINO VI ET BUTIGLIERAE NOB DNS IN HELD SUP DUX BELLIC ET HEROS FORT MARTE votens decus et dubijs siâ—sucia rebus ERNESTUS CAMPI VIR generosus nic est Qui genus illustri ducens à stirpe Parentum Auget honoratum per sua facta genus E. 〈◊〉 D.M.C.B. But with many Necessities in their March through Lorrain and Lutzenburgh they came to Fleury within eight miles of Namurs where Corduba with a Spanish Army strove to hinder their passage The Conflict was great betwixt them and many slain on both sides and both triumphed in the Victory For Corduba kept the Field and Mansfieldt kept his way But Mansfieldt's Victory was the compleatest because he attained to his End which was to break through Corduba But Corduba did not attain to his End which was to hinder Mansfieldt Yet the Spanish Bravery was highly exalted with Bonfires and rejoycings both at Madrid and Bruxels The Duke of Brunswicke lost his Bridle Arm in that service and many Gentlemen both English and Scots out of Love to the Queen of Bohemia behaved themselves gallantly and let the Spaniard know it was more than an ordinary shock they encountered with Among whom Sir Charles Rich brother to the E. of Warwick was a Principal person whose Voluntary Spirit not necessity made danger his Companion where Honour attended it Sir Iames Heyes Knevet Humes Heiborn and other Commanders striving for Corrivalship in Bravery Spinola hearing that Mansfieldt was broken through Corduba's Army and come into Brabant made the Court Splendor of Corduba's Conquest appear but Ignes fatui which also something extinguisht the glory of his own fame For he thought it good policy seeing he should be necessitated to leave the Siege of Berghen to do it at that time when there might be cause to think it occasioned by that Accident more than his default And therefore as soon as the Prince of Orange and Mansfieldt had joyned forces though Corduba came to him and reinforced his Army yet Winter drawing on and his Army almost wasted he trussed up his Baggage in haste set his Camp a-fire and departed leaving to his Hungry Enemies good store of Wine and other Provisions in his burning Quarters And thus stood the Ballance this year betwixt the King of Spain and the Netherlands But our King receiving so many delays and dissatisfactions from Spain and Rome they begot him so much trouble and Vexation that crowding into his thoughts prest upon his Natural Temper some fits of Melancholy which those about him with facetious Mirth would strive to Mitigate And having exhausted their inventions or not making use of such as were more pregnant the Marquess and his Mother instead of Mirth fell upon Prophaneness thinking with that to please him and perhaps they were only mistaken in the unseasonableness of the time being not then suitable to the Humor For they caus'd Mistris Aspernham a young Gentlewoman of the Kindred to dress a Pigg like a Child and the Old Countess like a Midwife brought it in to the King in a rich Mantle Turpin that married one of the Kindred whose name was renowned for a Bishop in the Romances of the Emperor Charlemain was drest like a Bishop in his Sattin Gown Lawn sleeves and other Pontifical Ornaments who with the Common Prayer book began the words of Baptism one attending with a silver Bason of Water for the Service the King hearing the Ceremonies of Baptism read and the squeeking noise of that Brute he most abhorred turned himself to see what Pageant it was and finding Turpin's face which he well knew drest like a Bishop and the Marquess whose face he most of all loved stand as a Godfather he cryed out away for shame what Blasphemy is this and turning aside with a frown he gave them cause to think that such ungodly Mirth would rather increase than cure his Melancholly Another time at Theobalds the King wanted some papers that had Relation to the Spanish Treaty so hot in Motion which raised him highly into the Passion of Anger
had not Breeding suitable to his Grandeur which took off the edge of his invitation whose subtile Eye by Converse might have pryed through those fictitious out-sides to discover more then did appear MARY DE MEDICIS Upon Saturday the sixth of March they arrived at Madrid The Prince and Marquess came thither one day before Cottington and the others to make the less noise in appearances They lighted at the Earl of Bristol's House in the evening and the Marquess brought in the Portmantua but his Master staid without with the Guide till he had prepared a way for Privacy The Earl of Bristol was astonished at the sight but after he had collected himself his Diligence attended his Duty and the Prince wanted nothing but Counsel how to order himself which they took time till the next day towards the Evening to deliberate on All that morning the Town was filled with Rumours of the arrival of some great Prince and though the King of Spain had intimation by his Letters yet he kept all private till the Prince exprest himself which was done that Evening For Buckingham and Bristol went to the Court and had private Audience of the King who sent his Grand favourite Olivares back with them to congratulate the Princes coming who let the Prince know how Happy the King his Master was in the Injoyment of him there and what addition of Grandure his presence would contribute to the Court of Spain and that the obligation was so great that he deserved to have the Infanta thrown into his Armes All this while kneeling kissing his Hands and embracing his Thigh the Huge and swelling expressions of Spanish Humility And from him he went to the Marquess of Buckingham telling him That now the Prince of England was in Spain his Master and he would divide the World betwixt them with other Rodomontado fancies And after he was gone about ten of the Clock that night the King of Spain came in a close Coach to Visit the Prince who having intimation of his coming such secret Hints among Princes being suitable invitements he met him in the way and there they spent some time in those sweet yet formal Caresses and Imbraces that are incidents to the Interviews of great Princes though their Hearts and Tongues do seldom accord Gondemar in consort was not without his Strain of Complement for he told the Prince upon a Visit next day that he had strange news to tell him which was That an Englishman was sworn a privy Councellour to the King of Spain meaning himself who he said was an Englishman in Heart and had lately received that Honour CRUX FIDEI COTIâ— CULA All that the Spanish Court could do was heightned into Gallantry and Civilities to the Prince yet he saw not his fair Mistris but at an undiscerning distance and in transitu as she came from Church But after all these Splendid and glorious out-side Ceremonies of Entertainment were grown a little old the Prince began to mind the Business he came about and desired a more intimate access to his Beloved Infanta which Olivares promised from day to day to accomplish but still delayed and at length when unperformed promises were heightned into Shame he plainly confessed That it was agreed by the King and his Council that he might not see her as a Lover till the Dispensation came for it would give scandal to admit him before yet not to starve him quite in his Desires but to keep him short that he should not surfeit he had now and then Access to her as a Prince in a publike way the King of Spain being always present and the Earl of Bristol Interpreter so that nothing could be spoken but those little superficial Compliments that served as Baits rather to nibble on than satisfie But these small Repasts kept up the Appetite And now the Glories of the English Court left the Northern Sun declining to the West and came to see the Sun rising in Spain The Marquess of Buckingham's new Title of Duke came to him also that he might be in the highest Rank among the Spanish Grandees to beard the proudest of them which afterwards he did And the Viscount Doncaster lately made Earl of Carlile came in all his Glories of which two it was observed by knowing Men That Buckingham came into Spain of the Spanish Faction and returned into England of the French Faction Carlile came into Spain of the French Faction and returned into England of the Spanish thus varying the Scene by fits and acting their parts as the present fancy moved them The Lord Kensington Captain of the Guard to our King came also to see the Prince so did the Earl of Denbigh Edward Son and Heir to the now Earl of Manchester The Viscount Mandevill the Viscount Rochford and divers others of the Nobility And the Prince was so circled with a Splendid Retinue of his own people that it might be said Spain's Pallace But together with these specious Entertainments there were underworking Hopes to have the Prince turn Papist for in intervenient Discourses Olivares and others would press him with all the Arguments the Court had instructed them in to a conversion intimating how smooth a path it would make to the Infanta's affections for when he that was to be Lord of her Heart and the best friend she had would be an Enemy to her Religion it could be but a great Obstacle to her Love And when the Danger of it was proposed to them as likely to bring a Rebellion in the Nation if their Prince should be perverted they promised to assist him with an Army against such rebellious people But if he would not admit of a present and suddain alteration publikely yet that he would be so indulgent when the Infanta came into England as to listen to her in Matters of Religion which the Prince promised to do Nay his own familiar friend Bristol as it was Articled against him afterwards by Buckingham did strive with a gentle hand to allure him that way as bringing with it an addition to the Grandure of the King 's of England that none of them could ever do great things that were not of that Religion Thus was the Prince beset and Time ran away in Discourses The Dispensation being purposely delayed for some at that time in the Spanish Court said it was come and sent back again to Rome being too forward and active that it might have more weight put upon it and then it would not make so much haste for now it came too soon to dispatch their worke For the subtily considered that Time and continual dropping might leave those impressions upon the Prince's spirit that Dispatches cannot effect Therefore they made new Queries and clapt new Remora's upon the Articles that being tangled in Disputations betwixt England and Spain and in controversies of Religion betwixt the Prince and some of their cunning Sophisters which they set a work that before the way could be
Letter which happily he might think would quicken the Pope to dispatch the Dispensation when he should find so little cause for Delayes by his closing so nearly with him Which whether out of Policy or Real intention cannot be asserted but the Letter was thus MOst Holy Father I received the Dispatch from your Holiness with great content and with that Respect which the Piety and care wherewith your Holiness writes doth require It was an unspeakable pleasure to me to read the Generous Exploits of the King 's my Predecessors to whose Memory Posterity hath not given those praises and Elogies of Honour that were due to them I do believe that your Holiness hath set their Example before my Eyes to the end that I might imitate them in all my Actions for in truth they have often exposed their Estates and Liâ—es for the Exaltation of the Holy Chair And the â—ouâ—â—ge with which they have assaulted the Enemies of the Cross of Iesus Christ hath not been less then the Care and thought which I have to the end that the Peace and Intelligence which hath hitherto been wanting in Christendom might be bound with a bond of true concord for like as the common Enemy of Peace watcheth alwayes to put Hatred and Dissention between Christian Princes so I believe that the Glory of God requires that we should endeavour to unite them And I do not esteem it a greater Honour to be descended from so great Princes then to imitate them in the Zeal of their Piety In which it helps me very much to have known the Mind and Will of our Thrice Honoured Lord and Father and the Holy Intentions of his Catholick Majesty to give a happy Concurrence to so laudable a Design For it grieves him extreamly to see the great Evil that grows from the Division of Christian Princes which the Wisdom of your Holiness foresaw when it judged the Marriage which you pleased to design between the Infanta of Spain and my self to be necessary to procure so great a good For 't is very certain that I shall never be so extreamly affectionate to any thing in the World as to endeavour allyance with a Prince that hath the same apprehension of the true Religion with my self Therefore I intreat your Holiness to believe that I have been alwayes far from encouraging Novelties or to be a Partisan of any faction against the Catholick Apostolick Roman Religion But on the contrary I have sought all occassions to take away the suspicion that might rest upon me and that I will imploy my self for the Time to come to have but one Religion and one Faith seeing that we all believe in One Jesus Christ. Having resolved in my self to spare nothing that I may have in the World and to suffer all manner of Discommodities even to the hazarding of my estate and life for a thing so pleasing unto God It rests only that I thank your Holiness for the permission which you have been pleased to afford me and that I may pray God to give you a blessed Health here and his Glory after so much travel which your Holiness takes within his Church Signed CHARLES STUART It may well be a Quere Whether this profession of the Prince in suffering all discommodities even to the Hazarding of Estate and Life did not rest upon him at his Death as may be said hereafter But there is a long Race for him to run before he come to that End It seems he had either a good Will to write this Letter or a bad Council to indite it or both conjoyned that were as careful to please the Pope as they were hopeful it would never come to see the light till the flame of it would be too visible For if the Prince intended Really when he had power to introduce Popery into England this Letter in a bloody colour too apparently would have been discovered and if his intentions were formal and only to close with the Pope for his present accommodation how black would every Character of this letter look to the Roman Rubrick and what a Tincture of Scandal would it leave upon the true Religion for Fallere fallentem may be a fit Motto for a bad man not a good Christian so that whatsoever his Intentions were the Act was evill And I could suspect it is a forged Letter but that it hath been asserted by so many Authors both at home and abroad The Pope finding by this letter and some other private intimations the Princes good affections to the Roman See thought it high time to dally no longer but to draw him altogether with the Cords of Love therefore he dispatches the Dispensation to his Nuntio at Madrid six months after the Prince's arrival there with a little Bob at the Tail of it yet to amuse them Which was That the King of Great Britain and the Prince should give Caution to perform what was stipulated between them and the King of Spain especially in those Articles which were in favour of the Roman Catholicks in England and other his Majestie 's Dominions Requiring at least some Soveraign Catholick Prince should engage for them by oath This made some little demur for being sent into England the King answered That he could give no other Caution but his own and the Princes Royal Words and Oaths Confirmed by his Council of State and Exemplified under the great Seal of England But this would not satisfie Therefore the King of Spain undertook it and it was thought a Spanish Device That by undertaking such an engagement he might not only the more endear himself to the King of Great Britain and to the Prince his Brother but have a more colourable pretext to make War against England if the Roman Catholicks there had not full satisfaction and freedom according to the Articles and the King of Spain knowing or assureing himself that no Catholick Prince would take such an Oath offered himself to satisfie the Pope And a Committee of Ecclesiasticks in Spain were appointed to debate the Case in Relation to the King's conscience whether he might take such an Oath for them and they being doubtless resolved on it before concluded Affirmatively And that if the King of Great Britain and Prince should fail in the performance of these Capitulations the King of Spain might save his Oath by vindicating the Breach thereof upon them with his Sword And now this Monster-difficulty being overcome by the Spanish Bravery the very same time Articles that our King and Prince had signed as are before related were sent into England for our King and his privy Council to swear to and there was not a Rub left for either party to stumble at But whilst these things were in motion in Spain they were much regretted and badly resented in England The Spirit almost of the whole Nation being averse to this Union which made many vent their Passion by their Pens as well as their tongues Amongst the rest the Archbishop of
Pyrenes had bounded it towards Spain And the French Activity being loath to be cooped up thought it better to endure a little inconvenience at home than so much prejudice abroad and therefore to oppose Him they closed with the Protestants And what was it brought them in Obedience The re-edifying of their ruined Temples the restoring and maintaining their banished Ministers and Security in their Religion and Consciences So that it was not their Rebellion that was cause of the War but the War made against their Religion caused it to be called a Rebellion Thus when all other means failed their worst enemies though much against their wills proved to be their best Friends But to return to the Spanish Treaty all this while in Agitation As soon as the Articles Our King had sealed and sworn to observe were come into Spain and the Prince had ratified and comfirmed them and had sworn to another Article there wherein he ties up his own hands and gave leave to Satan and all his complices to buffet him which was To permit at all times that any should freely propose to him the Arguments of the Catholick Religion without giving any impediment and that he would never directly nor indirectly permit any to speak to the Infanta against the same the two Kingdoms of England and Spain as it were shook hands to the Agreement Preparations were made in England to entertain the Infanta a new Church built up at Saint Iames the Prince's house the Foundation stone with much Ceremony laid by Don Carlos a Coloma the Spanish Ambassadour for the publick exercise of her Religion Her very Shadows are courted in every Corner Painters being set a work to take the Height and Dimensions of this new Star that was to rise in the North before it appeared Such as hoped to flourish by her influence grew up to exuberancy what would they do then when they found the effects of it Why be drowned in their own redundancy For the Moderate Spirit did foresee what bad Omens this Apparition did threaten On the other side in Spain the Substance is as much courted as the Shadow is here with the Title of Princess of England her Maiden Restraints are taken off and she may come abroad to publick Meetings where now their Eyes may prattle loving Stories though the great Courtier Olivares gave it no better Title than The Prince watches the Infanta as a Cat doth a Mouse too gross 〈◊〉 Expression for a Master of those Ceremonies And in fine there was such an Union betwixt the two Crowns that it might well be said Philip and Iacob made one Holy-day But this closing betwixt England and Spain made the breach the wider in the House of the Palatine the Restitution of the Palatinate and the Electorate to the Queen of Bohemia and her Children being waved in the Treaty and a great sum of Money proposed as a Dowry which was also lessen'd after the first Proposition and some part of it promised to be sent with Her in Iewels which as one said might be Counterfeit as the rest of their Actions yet Our King accepted of all so eager was He and greedy of the Match that no Obstacle could stand in his way which he did not remove But there was some under-hand promise that the Infanta among the Courte-Complements should work that feat in presenting the Restorative of that Dignity and Country for a break-fast to ingratiate her Self with the Prince her Husband and as a pawn of her good Will and Affection to the English Nation And these Promises with the Spanish stamp were taken in England for current Payment so that all things tended to a Conclusion But time in Spain came too swift upon them they were willing the Infanta should winter there but knew not well how to delay the Prince longer And as they were in this plunge ruminating upon and striving to find out some new Remora to help them Pope Gregory the fifteenth that had granted the Dispensation dies and then their Subtilties flew upon that accident to make-the Dispensation invalid yet with a Reserve to keep up our Prince's Spirit that it should be no hinderance to the Match for the new Pope would instantly do it if not it should be dispatched by the Dean of the Cardinals and the King of Spain assured the Prince That if he would stay till Christmas the Marriage should be really celebrated then These delayes coming one on the neck of another and the Duke of Buckingham having taken some disgust 〈◊〉 Spain presented all things to our King in the worst habit he could put upon them For there had been some jarrs betwixt him and Olivares Two great Favourites though of different Kingdoms could not well squat in one form Olivares hunted Buckingham so close that he had almost caught him in his own Burrow but instead of his Game he incountered some Vermin which darkness could not distinguish who bit him shreudly and whether it were by this Common Hunt I know not but I am sure it was by the Common-Cry that he was so displeased with the Spanish for it that he afterwards much inclined to the French I acknowledge the Gravity and Dignity of History should not appear in such Metaphorical Habiliments but that we now live in an Age where Truth is forced to shroud her self in such Attire lest she should have imprinted on her face a Mark of Malice against Greatness which if it be not ballanced with Goodness and Piety is but an empty and frothy Title But it was said this Tetrical Humour made Buckingham dislike all the Spanish proceedings and just in the nick when it was on him the Queen of Bohemia by a private message gave him some intimation that She and her Children were to be thought on inviting him to be a Witnesse to the Christning of one of them which came fit to his acceptation not so much out of affection to the one Party as in opposition to the other And what disrelished with him gave an ill Savour to Our King who having cause enough to dislike the Spanish delates and finding the Hearts of the People bent against the Match and some neer him as the Duke of Lenox made Duke of Richmond when Buckingham had his Title that the Scots might still precede the English and the Marquess Hamilton made Earl of Cambridge to intitle him a Peer the last Parliament a man of a gallant and stately presence one whom the King much listened to and others having as little affection to it The hopes of a Daughter of France left to give life yet to a Royal Race did bate something of Our King 's keen edge so that he wrote to Buckingham That he could not expect after so long a stay in Spain and so little done that they had any cordial intention to perfect the Treaty and therefore conjured him to bring his Son back with all speed but if his Sonnes youthful follies should tye him to a
presenting himself before him the King rowsed up his Spirits and raised himself up as if he meant to speak to him but Nature being exhausted he had not Strength to express his Intentions but soon after expired Being upon Sunday morning the 27. of March 1625. at Theobalds in the nine and fiftieth year of his Age and the two and twentieth year compleat of his Reign And was buried at Westminster with great Solemnity the 7. of May following Not long after our King's Death as if the Time and Season as well as the Disease were Epidemical to Princes old Maurice the Prince of Orange died And his Brother Prince Henry being made General of the States Army put his Fortune into an unhappy Ballance which lost much of the Weight For either valuing his Soldiers lives less than his Brother or the loss of so brave a Town as Breda more or thinking to spring up with more Glory Phoenix-like from the ashes of his Brothers funerals being recruited with the Relicks of Mansfeldt's Army he set upon one of Spinola's strong Works at Terheiden either to relieve the Town or beat the Enemy out of his Trenches but he failed in both and lost many gallant Men especially English in the Enterprise The Earl of Oxford having the leading of the Van being a man Corpulent and heavy got such a sweltring heat in the service that though he came off without hurt from the enemy yet he brought Death along with him for he fell sick presently after went to the Hague and there dyed The other two gallant Collonels Essex and Willoughby survived to command two English Armies in a Civil-War Essex being General for the Paliament and Willoughby for the King in Kinton-field in Warwick-shire where Essex remained Victor the King being there in Person and leaving him the Honour of the Field his General Willoughby then Earl of Lindsey being slain in the Battel But there will be a long Tract of Time and Discourse before these Armies incounter being the first Cloud of that fiery exhalation which broke out in the next King's Reign and could not be quenched without the blood of many thousands of the Nation But Our King that was very much impatient in his Health was patient in his Sickness and Death Whether he had receibed any thing that extorted his Aguish Fits into a Feaver which might the sooner stupifie the Spirits and hasten his end cannot be asserted but the Countess of Buckingham who trafficked much with Mountebanks and whose Fame had no great savour had been tampering with him in the absence of the Doctoâ—s and had given him a Medicine to drink and laid a Plaster to his side which the King much complained of and they did rather exasperate his Distemper than allay it and these things were admitted by the insinuating persuasions of the Duke her Son who told the King they were appoved Medicines and would do him much good And though the Duke after strove to purge himself for this Application as having received both Medicine and Plaster from Doctor Remington at Dunmow in Essex who had often cured Agues and such Distempers with the same yet they were Arguments of a complicated kind not easie to unfold considering that whatsoever he received from the Doctor in the Countrey he might apply to the King what he pleased in the Court besides the Act it self though it had been the best Medicine in the World was a Daring not justisiable and some of the King's Physicians mutter'd against it others made a great noise and were forced to fly for it and though the still voice was quickly silenced by the Duke's power yet the Clamorous made so deep impressions that his Innocence could never wear them out And one of Buckingham's great provocations was thought to be his fear that the King being how weary of his too much greatness and power would set up Bristol his deadly enemy against him to pull him down And this Medicine was one of those 13 Articles that after were laid to his Charge in Parliament who may be misinformed but seldom accuse any upon false Rumor or bare Suggestion and therefore it will be a hard task for any man to excuse the King his Successor for dissolving that Parliament to preserve one thar was accused by them for poisoning his Father For Doctor Lamb a man of an infamous conversation having been arraigned for a Witch and found guilty of it at Worcester and arraigned for a Rape and found guilty of it at the Kings-Bench-Bar at Westminster yet escaped the stroak of Iustice for both by his favour in Court was much imployed by the Mother and the Son which generally the people took notice of and were so incensed against Lamb that finding him in the Streets in London in the year 1628. they roâ—e against him and with stones and slaves knockt out his Brains as may be more particularly â—elated in its due time And besides Lamb there was one Butler an Irishman which vaunted himself to be of the house of Ormond who was a kind of Montebank which the Duke and his Mother much consided in This Butler was first an Apprentice to a Cutler in London and before his time expired quitted his Master having a running head and went to the Barmudoes where he lived some time as a Servant in the Island and walking by the Sea-side with another of his Companions they found a great Mass of Ambergreece that the Seas bounty had cast up to them which they willingly concealed meaning to make their best Markets of it Butler being a subtle Snap wrought so with his Companion with promises of a share that he got the possession of it and in the next Dutch ship that arrived at the Barmudoes he shipt himself and his Commodities for Amsterdam where having sold his Bargain at a good Rate and made his credit with his fellow Venturer cheap enough ingrossing all to himself he came into England lived in a gallant and noble Equipage kept a great and free Table at his lodgings in the Strand which were furnished suitable to his Mind and had his Coach with six Horses and many footmen attending on him with as much State and Grandure as if his Greatness had been real But though his means lasted not to support this long yet it brought him into great acquaintance and being Pragmatical in tongue and having an active pate he fell to some Distillations and other odd extracting practices which kept him a float and some men thought he had gotten the long-dreamed-after Philosopher's Stone but the best Recipe which he had to maintain his Greatness after his Amber money fumed and vapoured away was suspected to come from his friends at White-Hall And the Story of his Death if it be true is one great Evidence of some secret Machination betwixt the Duke and him that the Duke was willing to be rid of him For Mischief being an ingrosser is Unsecure and Unsatisfyed When their Wares are to
so some things are not to be concealed for it derogates from the glory of God to have his Justice obscured his remarkable Dispensations smothered as if We were angry with what the Divne Power hath done who can debase the Spirits of Princes and is mighty among the Kings of the earth And though the Priests lips should keep knowledge yet as the Prophet saith he can make them contemptible and base before all the people And therefore why should we grudge and repine at God's Actions for his thoughts are not as our thoughts nor his wayes as our wayes His Judgments should teach us Wisdom and his glorious proceedings should learn us Righteousness that his Anger may be turned away from us And let them that stand take heed lest they fall For though God rewarded Jehu with the Kingdom for the good service he did him yet because he walked not with him God visited the house of Jehu and laid the blood of Jezreel which he was commanded to shed upon the head of his Posterity But all the Arguments of Men and Angels will neither penetrate nor make impression in some ill-composed Tempers till they are softned with the fire of Love and that holy Flame is best kindled with Patience by willingly submitting to the al-disposing Providence that orders every thing Before whose Altar waiting for the Season of Grace I will ever bring the best fruits of my Labours But if that which I intend should not come to Perfection the day of man's life being but as a Dawning and his time as a Span I will never be displeased with my Master in long and dangerous Labours for calling me away to rest before my work is done FINIS The Table An Index exactly pointing to the most material Passages in this HISTORY A CRuelty at Amboyna 281 Queen Ann an Enemy to Somerset 78 80. Her Death 129. and Character ibid. Anhalt the Prince thereof intimate with the Count Palatine persuades him to accept of the Crown of Bohemia 132. Is made General of the Bohemian Forces 135. His good Success at first in routing of Bucquoy's Army 140. Is overthrown afterwards by the Duke of Bavaria 141. Fliâ—s so doth Helloc his Lieutenant General ibid. and afterwards submits to the Emperor 142 Ansbach the Marquess thereof Commander in Chief of the Forces raised by the Protestant Princes of Germany in defence of the Palatinate 135. for slowes a fair advantage over Spinola 138. His Answer to the Earl of Essex ib. with Sir Vere's Reply thereunto 139 Lady Arabella dies 90 Arch-bishop Whitgift's Saying concerning King Iames at Hampton-Court Conference 8. his Character Dies when ibid. Arch-bishop Bancroft succeeds Whitgift in the See of Canterbury 8. Dies his Character 53 Arch-bishop Abbot accidentally kills a Kâ—eper 198. his Letter to the King against a Toleration in Religion 236. yet sets his hand as a Witness to the Articles of Marriage with the Infanta 237 Arch-bâ—shop of Spalato comes into England his Preferment here relapses to the Roman Church dies at Rome His manner of Burial 102 Arguments about the Union of England and Scotland 34. for and against a Toleration 237 Articles agreed on concerning the Marriage of the Infanta 212. Preamble and Post-script to the Articles 238. Private Article sworn to by the King 240 Arundel and Lord Spencer quarrel 163. Arundel thereupon commited to the Tower his Submission ibid. August the fifth made Holy-day 12. B Bacon's Speech in Star-Chamber against Hollis Wentworth and Lumsden 84 He is made Lord Chancellour 97. is questioned 158. His humble Submission and Supplication 159. His Censure 160. The Misery he was brought to his Description and his Character ibid. Bancroft succeeds Whitgift in the Archbishoprick of Canterbury 8. dies Character 53 Barnevelt opposes the Prince of Orange 125. Is seized on together with his Complices 127. his Sentence and Death ib. His imployments 128 Baronets a new order made 76 Battail of Fleury 217 Benevolence required but opposed 78 Bishops in Scotland to injoy their temporal Estates 8 Black-Friers the downful there 241 Blazing-Star 128 Bounty of King Iames 76 Boy of Bilson his Impostures discovery very and confession 107 c. Bristol forbid to deliver the Procuration for Espousals 254. Hath Instructions to demand the Palatinate and Electoral dignity 155. without the restitution of which the Treaty for the Match should proceed no further 256. Bristol sent to the Tower but gains his liberty by submission 272 Brunswick loses his Arm 217. raises a gallant Army 142. and is defeated 145 Buckingham made Marquess Master o the Horse and High Admiral 147. Rules all ibid. His Kindred advanced ib. A lover of Ladies 149. Marries the Earl of Rutland's Daughter ib. over-ruled by his Mother ibid. Gondemar writes merrily concerning her into Spain ib. Buckingham's Medicine to cure the King 's Melancholy 218. made Duke 229. He and Olivarez quarrel 249. Goes to the Fleet sent from England to attend the Prince home 250. His Relation to the Parliament of the transactions in Spain 263. He is highly commended by the People 264. accused of Treason by the Spanish Ambassadour 272 New Buildings within two mile of the City of London forbid by Proclamation 48 Bergben ap Zome besieged 216. The Siege raised 218 Breda besieged 28 Butler a Mountebank his story 287 C Car. a Favourite and the occasion thereof 54. made Viscount Rochester and soon after Knight of the Garter 55. opposed by Prince Henry ib. rules all after the death of Prince Henry and Salisbury 65. Is assisted by Overbury 66. with Northampton plots Overbury's death and why ib. created Earl of Somerset and married to the Divorced Countess of Essex 72. both Feasted at Merchant-Tailors Hall ib. Vid. Somerset Cecil holds correspondence with the King of Scotland 2. His put-off to the Queen his secret conveyances being like to be discovered ib. proclaims the late Queens Will ibid. made Earl of Salisbury 7. vid. Salisbury Ceremonie Sermon against them 11 Chelsey College 53 Commissioners for an Union betwixt England and Scotland 27 High-Commission a Grievance 46 House of Commons their Declaration 164. Their Remonstrance 167. House of Commons discontent 188 their Protestation ibid. Conference at Hampton-Court 7. where the King puts an end to the business 8 Conwey and Weston sent Ambassadors into Bohemia 133. Their Characters ib. Their Return 142 Cook Lord Chief Justice blamed 89 90. a breach betwixt him and the Lord Chancellor why 74. brought on his Knees at the Council-Table 95. his Censure 96. his faults ib. his Character 97. Is again in disgrace 191 D Denmark's King comes into England his Entertainment 33. His second coming 76 Diet at Ratisbone where an agitation concerning the Electoral Dignity 220. The result thereof 224 Digby sent Leidger Ambassador into Spain to Treat of a Marriage between the Prince of Wales and the Infanta of Spain 143. made Baron of Sherborn 144. Sent to the Emperor for a punctual answer concerning the Palatinate 154. His Return and Relation to the
design Weston being a kind of Papist and Conwey a Protestant the better to close up the breach between the Emperor and the King of Bohemia But Ferdinand being startled with the flaring Glory of this new King to cast a damp upon it and to terrifie him and his Adherents he caused this Proscription to be published against them WE Ferdinand c. To all Electors Princes c. but especially to the Subjects of Frederick Count Palatine of the Rhine Elector c. send greeting Because it is not known unto you how that Frederick Count Palatine of the Rhine c. hath made himself head of that persidious and rebellious crew of our Kingdom of Bohemia Wherefore we proclaim the said Frederick Count Palatine c. Guilty of High Treason and iterate Proscription and of all the Penalties which by Law and Custom are depending thereon We conclude him out of Our and the Imperial Peace and are firmly resolved solved to execute the said Penalties against the said Frederick which calleth himself Count Palatine of the Rhine as against one publickly proscribed an Enemy and Adversary to us and to the Empire and as one which hath suffered himself to be made a Head of our disobedient and perfidious Rebels who is a Contemner and Oppugner of our Imperial Authority and Majesty who is an Infringer of Publick Peace and Tranquillity and of other Ordinances and Laws of the Empire Commanding you under pain of Life that in no way you give any aid succour assistance neither in Money Provision Munition nor any way else neither openly nor covertly under what colour or pretext soever to the said Frederick who calleth himself Count Palatine of the Rhine And if one or more of you should serve or be in pay of the said Frederick his Complices or Helpers We command him or them to forsake the Service of the said proscribed Frederick and of his Helpers And we command you the Estates Dependents Alliances Subjects and Vassals of the said proscribed Frederick that henceforth you yield unto him no obedience help nor aid in assisting him any further nor partake of his Rebellion Disobedience and Crime but utterly to forsake him in it and to assist us with true and faithful aid and succour to reduce the disobedient disloyal rebellious proscribed Frederick and his Helpers to due Obedience any Treaty Confederacy Amity and Alliance notwithstanding And we absolve you that are Vassals of the said proscribed Frederick or which are in his Protection or which are his Natural Subjects or Strangers from all your Oaths and Duties promising to all those which shall be obedient unto this our Mandate all Imperial favour grace and security We will likewise that none shall protect defend or secure the said banished Frederick and his Helpers and Assistants in nothing that may be profitable to them For we exclude the said banished Frederick together with his Adherents from all favour liberties promises security publick peace confederacies alliances laws privileges immunities and customs heretofore given unto him and them by our Ancestors the Roman Emperors But he that shall be disobedient unto this our Will and Command and shall assist take part or aid in any sort either privately or publickly under what colour soever the said Frederick who calleth himself Count Palatine of the Rhine and Duke of Bavaria We declare by these Presents guilty of high Troason and iterate Proscription no less than himself And this let every one take notice of to keep themselves from danger Given in our City of Vienna c. CHRISTIANVS II. DVX SAXONIAE ETC. SEPTEMVIRATVS CAES. CREAN HAERES ANNO MDCIX VIRTVTE CHRISTI ANA While they were thus grappling in Bohemia the Marquess Spinola was forming an Army in Flanders and the Protestant Princes of Germany Consederates to the Palatine calling themselves the Princes of the Union raised Forces for the defence of the Palatinate and their own Interest under the Command of the Marquess of Ansbach But our King made no Preparations yet he sent to his Ambassador at Bruxels commanding him to enquire for what purpose Spinola's Army was called together the Truce continuing betwixt Spain and the Low-Countries but the Ambassador could receive little satisfaction the Spanish subtilty having sealed up Spinola's Commission which he was not to open till the Army were ready to march But men of ordinary understanding might apprehend that an Army of six and twenty thousand Foot and four thousand Horse with all Military Provisions were not to lye still and though our King had divers Arguments presented to him that did assure him that Army was intended for the Palatinate yet would not his Spirit be set on work to preserve his Childrens Patrimony So odious was the name of War to him But at length with much ado one Regiment of Foot to joyn with the Princes of the Union and make a little noise and bustle was extorted from him by importunities This Regiment was the gallantest for the Persons and outward presence of men that in many Ages I think hath appeared either at home or abroad It consisted of two and twenty hundred compleat the chief Commander Sir Horatio Vere who was after Baron of Tilbery a Person bred up in the School of War and a known Master in the Art of Victory He was accompanied with the Earls of Oxford and Essex young and daring Spirits whose honour not only descended from a long Series of Noble Progenitors but they made it their own And out of respect to them as well as love to the Service this Regiment was almost furnished with Gentlemen who went to make themselves capable of better imployment the English for many years having been truants in that Art The two Earls had two hundred and fifty men apiece piece in each Company and so many flocked to Essex out of love and he loth to put them off that he carried 300 men into the Palatinate paying fifty of them with his own Money The King being drawn to consent that two Regiments more should follow for these two Noblemen which gave the more encouragement to this petty Enterprize The English followed Spinola but at a distance for he being nearer to the Palatinate got much the start of them though they went out of England before he presented the Arch-Dukes with the civilities of his Departure which was upon the eighth of August And upon the last of the same month by the Assistance of Maurice Prince of Orange and the benefit of a Bridge of boats a little below Weasel they past the Rhine under the Conduct of Prince Henry of Nassau who with two thousand Horse and four hundred Musqueteers taken out of Gulick and the adjacent Garrisons cleared the Countrey before them marching through Gulickland and the barren Mountains of Collenland till they came near to Coblentz which Town stands upon the Center of two Rivers the Rhine and Mosell Giving out in the march as if the Army intended to pass
the Ears of the Princes of the Union quailed their courage made them look back into their own condition and having not so much faith as to depend upon our King for assistance before the Spring they submitted themselves to the Emperor leaving the almost-ruined Palatinate as a Prey to an insulting Enemy the English only giving Spirits to the Vital parts of it conveyed by the Conduct of those Instruments Vere Herbert and Burrowes Men fitter to command Armies than to be confined within the Walls of Towns Benssheim Grundtriss vnd Entwurff etlicher ohrt der ChurPfaltz vnd wie die Spanier nach etliche treffeÌ„ endtlich gar dar auss geschaleÌ„ word Mansfeldt only that was rejected and slighted by Anhalt makes good his fidelity by bearing up against the power of the Emperor not that he was able to grapple with his whole Force but being an active spritely man and having a nimble moving Army of fourteen or fifteen thousand men he did harasse the Countries force Contribution from the Cities and when any greater power came against him he got from them into another Country and harrowed that to their perpetual vexation So that he was as goads in their sides and thorns in their eyes And thus he continued in despight of the Emperor and the Duke of Bavaria for almost two years after till they were constrained to purchase their peace of him at a dear rate to which Mansfeldt was also inforced not finding assistance nor Supplies to support him As soon as the Princes in the Palatinate were retired to their Quarters before the great loss at Prague came to their knowledge the Earl of Essex with a Convoy of Horse to Swibruken passed into Lorain and through France posted for England to solicit the King to send those Regiments promised and other Supplies if possible that the English there and the whole Countrey might not be exposed to ruine But when he came into England he found the Court Air of another temper and not as he left it for it was much more inclined to the Spanish Meridian And though Gondemar the King of Spain's Ambassador at the departure of one of his Agents into Spain facetiously bad him commend him to the Sun for he had seen none here a long while yet we had the Spanish influence hot among us the King himself warmed with it then what will not the Court be The King and his Ministers of State had several ends and drive different designs His was for the matching of his Son with some great Princess aiming at no other glory though he debased himself to purchase it For presently after he received a Denial in France he sent to Sir Iohn Digby his Leidger Ambassador in Spain to treat of a Marriage betwixt the Prince of Wales and the Infanta Maria Sister to that King which was in 1617. No blood but blood Royal can be a propitiatory Offering for his Son yet the best Sacrifice is an humble spirit No matter what Religion what Piety that is not the Question When Kings have earthly aims without consideration of God God looks to his own Glory without respect of man The little foundation of hope they built upon at that time was now raised to a formal building by the cunning practices of Gondemar who assured the King it was his Master's real intention the Prince should marry the Infanta And he wished the King his Master had all the Palatinate in his power to present it as a donative to the Prince with his fair Mistris The King that now heard all was lost in Bohemia saw little possibility of injoying the Palatinate quietly but by the Treaty of a Marriage was lulled asleep with Gondemar's windy promises which Sir Iohn Digby seconded being lately made Vice-Chamberlain to the King Baron of Sherborn and a great manager of the affairs at Court Sir Walter Aston being sent Leidger Ambassador into Spain for the general correspondence And the King anchoring his hopes upon these shallow promises made himself unable to prevent the Tempest of War that fell on the Palatinate tying up his own hands and suffering none to quench the Fire that devoured his Childrens Patrimony WILLIAM HERBERT Earl of PEMBROKE c It was thought the Papists did much contribute to Gondemar's liberaliâ—y for they began to flourish in the Kingdom he having procured many Immunities for them and they used all their industry to further the Match hoping that if the Prince did not adhere to Rome yet his Offspring might and at present looked for little less than a Toleration No stubborn piece of either Sex stood in Gondemar's way but he had an Engin to remove them or screw them up to him None that complied with him but found the effects of his friendship many Iesuits fared the better for his intercession he releasing numbers among the rest one Bauldwin an arch-Priest accused to have had a hand in the Gunpowder-Treason and had been seven years in the Tower a man of a dangerous and mischievous spirit who was after his release made Rector of the Iesuits College at St. Omers By his Artifices and Negotiations having been time enough Ambassador in England to gain credit with the King he got Sir Robert Mansel the Vice-Admiral to go into the Mediterranean sea with a Fleet of Ships to fight against the Turks at Algier who were grown too strong and formidable for the Spaniard most of the King of Spain's Gallions attending the Indian Trade as Convoys for his Treasures which he wanted to supply his Armies and he transported Ordnance and other Warlike Provisions to furnish the Spanish Arsenals even while the Armies of Spain were battering the English in the Palatinate so open were the King's ears to him so deaf to others For Sir Robert Nanton one of his Secretaries a Gentleman of known honesty and integrity shewed but a little dislike of those proceedings and he was commanded from Court and Conwey was put in his place And Gondemar had as free access to the King as any Courtier of them all Buckingham excepted and the King took delight to talk with him for he was full of Conceits and would speak false Latin a purpose in his merry fits to please the King telling the King plainly He spoke Latin like a Pedant but I speak it like a Gentleman And he wrought himself so by subtilty into the King's good affections that he did not only work his own will but the King 's into a belief that the Treaties in agitation were though slow real and effectual So easily may wise men be drawn to those things their desires with violence tend to And he cast out his Baits not only for men but if he found an Atalanta whose tongue went nimbler than her feet he would throw out his golden Balls to catch them also And in these times there were some Ladies pretending to be Wits as they called them or had fair Neices or Daughters which drew great Resort to