Selected quad for the lemma: enemy_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
enemy_n	army_n	battle_n	day_n	2,906	5	3.9923	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A62355	Italy in its original glory, ruine, and revival being an exact survey of the whole geography and history of that famous country, with the adjacent islands of Sicily, Malta, &c. : and whatever is remarkable in Rome (the mistress of the world) and all those towns and territories mentioned in antient and modern authors / translated out of the originals for general satisfaction, by Edmund Warcupp, Esquire.	Schottus, Franciscus, 1548-1622.; Warcupp, Edmund.	1660 (1660)	Wing S891; ESTC R14486	337,341	355

said Bembo Exiguo tumulo Danthes hic sorte jacebas Squallenti nulli cognito pene situ At nunc marmoreo subnixus conderis arcu Omnibus cultu splendidiore nites Nimirum Bembus Musis incensus Hetruscis Hoc tibi quem in primi hae coluere didit And with this other Inscription which the said Dante near his death composed Iura Monarchiae superos Phlegetonta lacusque Lustrando cecini voluerunt Fata quousque Sed qua pars cesset meliorib hospita castris Actorumque suum petiit faelicior astris Hic claudor Danthes patriis extortis ab oris Quem genuit parui Florentia mater amoris The biggest Church of Ravenna is the Arch-Bishops upon whose high Altar was formerly sustained a massy Silver heaven or canopy on four Pillars which was worth 30000. Crowns with excellent ornaments wrought with Gold all which were taken away by the sacriligious people of Lewis the 12th King of France when without any difference he sacked this City for which they afterwards received from the most high condigne punishment being most of them cut in pieces or forced to leap into the Poe or Tesino where they drowned themselves In a Semicircular Chapel are Limned those first Arch-Bishops of Ravenna elected by the shewing of a Dove in Mosaick work a fair piece whose election was after this manner Sant Apollinare believed one of the 72 Disciples of Christ then ascended into Heaven departing from Antiochia with Saint Peter togo to Rome had in his passage taught the Christian Faith at Ravenna and afterwards stayed there to govern it whom none of the Disciples by him left judged themselves sit to succeed to govern that Church where fore all of them together withdrew themselves into a Temple to pray to God to demonstrate to w●…h of them it would please his Divine Majesty to commit that care whereat the holy Spirit in the form of a Dove descended upon the head of one who was understood by it to be elected by God to that Dignity after which manner eleaven Arch-Bishops were successively chosen And the Casement whereat the Dove entred is yet apparent though half shut over the Arch of the high Altar in the Church of Spirito Santo in this City in which Church on the left hand is a heap of Bricks near which in a Corner stood Severus a mean person and a simple Man upon whose head the holy Spirit descended visible to all he being the last of the eleaven T is worth ones pains to view the Church of Saint Apollinare called the golden heaven built most sumptuously by Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths it hath two ranks of most noble great Columns brought hither by that King from Constantinople and is garnished with many pretious Marbles extracted from Rome and other places of Italy and also some other Churches In Ravenna are many antiquities Epitaphs and antient Memorials whose Letters and words require a University of Interpreters The ruines of a stately Palace supposed King Theoricks appear yet in the midst of its Fountain is a statue of Hercules Horarius not elsewhere found Hercules stands like an Atlas bending with his left knee as ready to rise who with his two hands elevated and his head together supports a Solar Horologe whereon the shadow of the needle from the Sun shewes the houre of the day A like statue of Hercules was found in Rome in the Vineyard of Steffano del Buffalo which instead of the Horologe supported a round Globe with the Celestial Signs distinctly figured but this difference is not of any great moment nearly weighing the Signification of the thing for the knowlege of the hour arose from the observation of the Celestial motion and t is the Sun distinguishes the hour who by his annual course visites the whole Cirk of the Firmament which hath caused some to conjecture that Hercules signifies the Sun and that the 12 labours counted as of a Mans is the Ingress of the Sun through the twelve Signs in the circuit of the skies whereby the Sun of it self casts forth its beams persuing which Opinion misteriously though with somewhat accult sense they apply to the sun all the other Fables of Hercules which are two tedious here to be applyed let it suffice to have spoken so much to the purpose of that statue to rouse up our youth into a more near Scrutiny of the sense of the Fables of the antients from the knowledge wherein may be extracted many natural secrets hid under those their sayings and Fables Before Ravenna stands a most antient round Church of the blessed Virgin being so fair and large that the inward circle is 25. foot in diametre The walls are finely wrought and all the pavement is layed with small stones of various colours disposed into divers pleasing figures after the Mosaick work the Roofis of one squared entire hard stone hollowed in the midst whereof is the Cupola whereby the light penetrates t is scarce imaginable how or by what Art so great a stone could be mounted so high nor where had the Edge or Plate on the Walls at top as near as can be guessed are about 35 foot in circuit above the said Edge on the top four fair Collumns in former times susteyned the noble Sepulchre of Theodorick King of the Ostrogothes of Porphire specled with white being one entire stone eight foot long and four foot high with a cover of Brass figured and wrought to admiration with gold and othergarnishments which Tombe t is supposed Amalesunta his Daughter erected but in the time of the French war the wicked Souldiers of Lewis the 12th King of France with hopes of some great booty within drew it down and broke it whereof some Reliques yet remain Three miles forth the City in the way to Forli runs the River Ronco on the Bank whereof stands a Cross of stone in testimony that in the year 1512. Gastone de Fois Captain of the French Army there obtained a victory with the loss of his own life for that being too fiercly bent against his enemies he advanced two forward with very few in full speed of his Horse and of a sudden was dead in which battail dyed that day eighteen thousand Souldiers between French Spaniards Italians Germans and Switzers CERVIA NEar Ravenna lies that notable Wood called Pigneda from the infinite number of Pyne trees there growing whose Fruit supply all Italy Some miles beyond which stands Cervia a City but ill peopled by reason of the malignant ayr all whose Inhabitants are such as get a livelyhood by making Salt with Saltwater dryed in the Sun whereof they make such quantity that white Salt lies in Mountains In it is nought worth noting unless the model of so old a City built meerly for necessity The Cathedral Church although it hath a good revenue seemes but a Church of a Villa near it lies a Tomb of Marble in form of a Pyramide with two lovely Children carved at the foot of it After it had

and out of it with the same name and passing through the Play●… many A●…ms and Branches are drawn from it to overflow the fields whereby they become most productive of Grass Hay Corn c. It hath some minerals of Iron and Copper It s chief Town is Brenna towards the end this vale divides it self into two parts one whereof exte●…s to the County of Tirol●… the other reaches the valley Tellina The second is the Vale Troppia which takes its commencement 6. miles off the City and extends it self 20. miles long to the North circumscribed with Mountains and washed with the River M●…la In some places t is narrow and ●…is most 〈◊〉 nearest the City wherein 10. miles off the City is the rich and Noble Castle and Town Cardone much talked off for the good Harquebuses there made It affords Iron Mine and that gives cause of the Iron works there built The last is the Vale del Sole 22. miles long conjoyned with the other through which passeth the River Chiese which issues from the Lake Iseo washing it for 10. miles space affording good Fish especially Trouts here also are some Iron works This Vale divides it self into many Branches by many 〈◊〉 t●… and in many places is well and neatly planted with Vines and fruitfull Trees These two last Vales are in the power of the Venetians and produce So●…ldiers of great gallantry The whole Brescian Territory affords neer 800000. Souls besides what the City it self contains The first and shortest way from BRESCIA to MILAN Going out of Brescia by the gate San Giov●…nni for Milan are seen ●…caglio Pontoi so called from the similitude of Ponto Oglio the River which washes that Castle Walls Then Martinengo Triviglio and Cassano much famed for the mortal stroke there received by Ezzelino the Tyrant of Padoua from the Romans on the right hand the Campagna Giare di Adda then the Castle Caravaggio head of all the Giara di Adda strong by site and Art rich and abounding Here in the yeer 1422. they fable an appearance of the blessed Virgin where she reposed they dugg a Well whose Waters are good for all infirmities there also they erected a most stately Church At Cassano you repass the River Adda then travaling 10. miles arrive at Cassina the white Hostery then 10. more to Milan this way from Brecia to Milan is accounted 50. miles long The second Voyage but longer from BRESCIA to MILAN THis way is more straight and long than the other which they take out of the Gate San Nazario and at 20. miles end arrive at the Orzi Novi whence passing the River Oglio they come to the most noble Castle Soncino where in Winter time they make a certain pleasant Bread with Almonds they also make Latten Candlesticks the Inhabitants are both Civil and courteous This Castle is endowed with the Title of a Marquisate and belongs to the State of Milan over the Gate whereof are set the Arms of Spain In Soncino the Tyrant of Padeua Ezzelino would needs dye born of Saxon blood and 70. yeers old who having received a mortal wound in one Knee from the Army in Cassano would not permit them to dress the wound nor apply any remedy where he unhappily and Meritoriously abandoned this Life five miles farther lies Romanengo and so much more far Crema which on the East is washed by the River Serio This Crema was antiently one of the four principal Castles of Italy but is at present a City and an Episcopal Seat t is placed in an ample plain fortified with Rampants and Ovals well enriched full of civil People replenisht with Houses abounding with human necessaries and under the Government of the Venetians The Domo the Tower the Piazza and the Palace of the Podesta are worth a visit The Podestà which the Venetians commissionate thither governs 46. other places here the women get well by whitening sowing thread and weaving of Linnen Cloth Thence passing the River Torno 10. miles farther is Lodi Laus Pomponia by the ●…omans a great City on the side of the River Ada famous for the Cheese made there not much inferiour to the Parmisen then Malignano a Castle honoured with the Title of Marquisate of the Noble Family of the Medici at Milan and so to Milan this way is 62. miles long All which way is like a Garden the high-ways streight Level on both sides whereof run chanels of Water on each side of which are planted Trees up which run their Vines and the Fields are some Meadows and the rest yeeld plenty of Corn. The third Journey from BRESCIA to MILAN by the way of BERGAMO PArting from Brescia by the Gate San Giovanni passing the Torrent Mela are seen the Castles Cacaglio and Palazzuolo afore named and on the other side of the River Oglio the Village Malpaga built in a fayr plain by Bartolemeo Coleone of Bergamo who there ended his days at 76. yeers of Age and was buried in Bergamo In honour of whome for having been the most valiant and faithfull Captain of the Venetian Army is erected his Statue on Horseback gilt all over with a Marble Basis before the Church San Giovanni and Paolo in Venice On the left hand lies Orgiano and S. Maria of Basella a Church with a fayr monastery for preaching Fryers whence passing a Noble Bridge over the River Serio you arrive at Bergamo 30. miles from Brescia BERGAMO THe City of Bergamo is so antient that its founders are not known yet some avert they were the Orobii which in greek signifies Inhabitants of the Mountains Giovanni Annio of Viterba with Giovanno Chrisostomo Zancho much labour to demonstrate and prove the Antiquity of Bergamo and wherefore so named by many etimologies of the word as well in Greek as in Hebrew and in the end conclude it to be thus called in Hebrew which in Latin sounds Inonditorum clypeata civitas vel Gallorum Regia Urbs quae a Graecis Archipolis a recentioribus autem Latinis tum princeps tum Ducalis Civitas appellari solet And a little further say Igitur Bergomum Regalem ve terum Gallorum urbem extitisse nomen ipsum manifestissime docet Others are of opinion that ●…was first built by the Tuscans and afterwards restored and enlarged by the Galli Cenomani Its Country towards the East is plain sertile and productive of Fruit. On the North and VVest rugged Mountainous and barren T is rendred a very strong City by those thick walls which inviron it and those bulwarks and other engins of War which for its detence against Enemies the Venetians have erected T is small and seated on the side of the Mountains It hath two Burroughs conjoyned with it where they have raised stately edifices as well for Divine worship as private Citizens habitations In one of which is yeerly kept a Fayr which begins on the day of Saint Bartolemo and continues for many days whither

be the Stanza or abiding place of the Praetorian Souldiers within these walls is a spatious Concave Here on all sides ly huge Sepulchres some built in a square others in a ●…ound a third sort in a Pyramid form either with brick or Marble whose inscriptions demonstrate that they were erected for the Metelli Among which a great structure in a round form seems the most conspicuous being raised with squared white marble stones to the bigness of a Tower hollow within and open at top so that standing below one may see the skies Its walls are about 24. foot thick in whose circuit are interwoven the heads of Bulls and Oxen cleared of the skin and flesh as in their sacrifices they used them between the garlands of Leaves and Flowers The heads amount to the number of 200. Sacrificed to the God Capode Boi and the Antiquaries will have that at the famous Sepulchre of Cecilia Metella a double Hecatombe was performed At the Foot of the neighbouring Hill if you pronounce a whole heroick verse an admirable Eccho returns it whole and articulately for the most part and confused otherwhiles eight times answered In no place is heard so rare an Eccho which is said to be excited by artifice that at the Funeral of this Caecilia Metella the ejaculations of the weepers and the funeral houlings might immensely be multiplyed while that double Hecatombe was celebrating and the Funest duties performed in honour of that Matron In the next depressed place ly the mighty ruines of the Circo Hipodromo The structure hereof is attributed to Bassiano Caracalla raised in the Place where Tiberius the Emperor built the Stables for the Praetorian bands here the Souldiers exercised themselves in running riding and driving Chariots In the midst of the Area lie certain signes of the places whence the horses rushed out to their courses as also of Bases Statues Altars and meets or bounds for the Courses round it are many pictures in the midst lies an Obelisk of speckled stone called Granito flat upon the ground broken in three pieces carved all over with Hieroglyphicks branches with Leaves and animals T is supposed that Sixtus the 5th would have reared this as he did others had not death shortned his days Above the Circ riseth an entire Temple four squared with Pillars and Corridores before it Which as is supposed was dedicated to the Dio Ridicolo uppon this occasion Hannibal having slain 40 thousand Romans at the battail of Cannae marched with his victorious Army to the siege of Rome and pitched his Camp in that very place where a diffused Laughter being heard over his Camp it caused a prodigious fear and that made him raise the Siege and retreat to the Terra di Lavoro which had he obstinatly continued some time longer having created such a consternation in the Citizens he had undoubtedly taken Rome with small difficulty but as Livy saies an Affrican told Hannibal He knew how to obtain but not how to make use of Victory Thus was Rome delivered from Hannibal and the Romans in commemoration of so great a benefit received from the God of Laughter consecrated that Temple to the Dio Ridicoloso Hence you must return by three miles journey back to Rome and arrived at the walls enter by the Porta Latina near whereto is the Church S. Giovanni where t is said the same Saint was cast into boyling oyl by the command of Domitian for which a feast is alwaies solemnized in May thence follow the street to the Porta Gabiosa so called for that intending for the Citty Gaba you must march out of it where the Via Roma connexeth with the Prenestina as sometimes the Via Appia unites with the Latina MONTE CELIO Leaving the Wall on the right hand of the Porta Gabiosa you ascend Monte Celio wch runs along by the wall to the Porta Maggiore This Hill was antiently called Querquetulano from the multitude of Oaks growing thereon before the Tuscans inhabited it to whom licence was given to dwell in the Bourg Tosco because they marched under their Captain Cloche Vibenna to the assistance of the Romans against their Enemies On this Hill at this day rests no Antique thing of moment more than the infinite ruines of Fabricks One part of it is na med Celiolo where stands a Church of Santo Giovanni Evangelista called ante Portam Latinam which was antiently a Temple sacred to Diana On the top of the Celio is a round Church dedicated to S. Stefano by Pope Simplicio from being a Temple of Faunus whose antiquity threatning destruction Nicholas the fifth repaired it and Gregory the thirteenth beautifyed it with Pictures of Martyrs and Saints Curia Hostilia stood where now is Santi Giovanni and Paulo towards the Settizonio of Severus built by Tullius Hostilius different from that in the Foro Romano Here the Senate assembled for state affairs The Church of S. Maria in Domenica is seated towards the Aventino and was restored by Leo the 10th here antiently stood the Dwellings of the Albani and near them the Aqueduct for the Aqua Claudia in the Arch whereof are engraven these words P. Corn R. F. Dolabella Cos. C. Junius C. P. Silanus Flamen Martial Ex S. C. Faciundum curaverunt Idemque Probaverunt By the same Aqueduct stands a great Fabrick as a conservatory of the Waters The Castra Peregrina stood in old time where the Church of Santi quatro Coronati was built by Pope Honorius and restored by Paschal the second In those Castles they used to rendezvouz and accommodate the People for Sea affairs which Augustus used to keep in the ordinary Fleet at Niseno Between the Porta Gabiusa and Celimontana abound great ruines of the Palace of Constantine the great called now S. Giovanni by which may be comprehended the magnificent state and splendor of that Emperor San Giovanni in Laterano keeps its antient name built by Constantine the Great at the instance of Pope Sylvester formerly the Seat of the Roman Pontifices at first called Romae Episcopi Bishops of Rome but afterwards induced thereunto by the pleasantness of the Vatican Hills they translated their habitation thither building a renowned Palace near St. Peters Church Near the said Church stands Il Battisterio di Constantino of an orbicular form sustained by 8. porphyr Pillars Report saith that Constantine the Great labouring under a Leaprosie at the perswasions of his Phisicians resolved to bath himself in the blood of Infants and for that intent erected this sumptuous structure but being admonished in a dream to bath himself in holy water in the name of Jesus Christ the true God whom Helena his Mother worshipped the Emperor obeyed the Celestial admonition and was baptized in that porphyr Font now in the said Temple For the truth hereof the Reader is desired to consult his own thought It not being likely that so magnificent a structure should be built and intended for perpetrating that notorious crime which should rather be kept close and tacitely concealed

the way that led to Cuma Her bath yet stands and her Chambers painted in Mosaick wo●…k yet all under ground as most of the aforesaid Antiquities except the Temples are CUMA Leaving the Lake Avernus you find on the way among the ruines of the City Cuma now altogether undone desert great foundations and ruines of Towers Temples and Edifices of importance On the top of the mountain are yet the footsteps of a Temple of Apollo which in its time was infinitely celebrated and is taken notice of by Virgil and Servius his Commentator There is also an Arch built with brick now called Arco Felice the happy Arch of a stupendious high Vault through which the antients wrought an even way between two heads of Mountains Cuma was built by the Calcidensi a Graecian people of Negroponte who being arived in those Seas with their ships to seek out a Country for their habitation first landed in those near Islands called Pitherusa which lye over against Campania and were so denominated from the multitude of Apes thereon found and afterw●…rds taking cour●…ge they passed over into the Terra ●…irma where they built this City Cuma calling her by this name either from one of their Captains so called or from the Procurator in those maritimate Coasts or from its good augury they there met with to wit a woman great with child the which confirmed them in their determination to dwell there as Strabo Dionysius and Livy relate for to all these sences Cuma in Greek considering its significations may be well applyed These people lived a long time governing their Republique with prudence and increased so much that Pozzuolo Paleopoli and Naples became part of their Colony we read that the Cumani were under Tyrants before the Romans expelled their Kings but this happened not through their being subjugated by any but because they chose to themselves a head and chief to obey who after the Greek manner was called Tyranno that is Lord one of which was Aristodemo Malaco elected for his meer valour as Livy and Dionysius Halicarnasseus write for that with a small party he overcame a great nnmber of Tuscans Ombrians and Ausonians enemies of the Cumani and slew with his own hand Arunte the Son of Porsenna their Captain To which Aristodemns say the same Authors Tarquinius Superbus expelled Rome fled for safety and by him being well accepted he ended his daies in Cuma Afterwards the Cumani were overcome and for some time evilly intreated by the Campani saies Strabo but in subsequent times there being no Forts strong enough to resist the Romans all those people were at one instant of time reduced under the said Romans who set a Praefect over the City Cuma for that that people would too obstinately have fought for defence of their Liberty Afterwards that City run retrograde loosing its splendour and inhabitants for that the Romans by their greatnesse measuring their pride possessed themselves of all that Campania or Country erecting therein their luxurious and most sumptuous Palaces which not only obscured Cuma but all the adjacent Cities who being bereaved of their Land first fayled of Inhabitants and at last became desolate yet Cuma was the last of those Cities that underwent this desolation by reason that being built upon a mountain when the Roman Empire began to feel its tottering condition by the frequent in roads of the barbarous Nations into Italy Cuma for the commodity of its site was reduced into a Fortresse which caused Agathia Mireneus in his first book of the Gothick warr to say ●…hat Cuma in his time was very strong almost impregnable through its many grosse Towers walls and other fortifications and that for this reason Totila and Teja Kings of the Goths thither conveighed their Treasure as to a safe and secure place together with their most estimable and dearest things however Narsetes the Legate of Justinian the Emperor after a long siedge made himself Lord of it But at present nought hereof remains save only immense ruines foundations and profound Ditches cut into the hard stony rock with Chisels In the departure from Cuma you often fall upon parcels of the Via Domitiana now interrupted in many places and great Ruines of a stone Bridge raised over the Volturnus Domitian cau sed this way to be made beginning from the Via Appia between Minturue and Sinvessa and so leading to Cuma Statius Papinius in his Hendecasillibi or verses of eleven sillables makes mention of Cuma the above named bridge and a triumphal Arch of Marble placed on the same way whereof no fragments are now to be found LINTERNO And why now called the Tower of the Countrey ON the left hand of the Via Domitiana lye vast ruines of the old City Linternum of old a Colony of the Romans so in the midst of that t was called the Tower of the Countrey Campania which name it seems to have acquired from the places old successe and was ennobled by the remainder of dayes which Scipio Affricanus the Greater spent there after his voluntary banishment from his Countrey Rome Who being ill treated by his Citizens whom with their goods and estates he had defended from their Enemies and made them Lords of Spain and Affrick in disdain of so great ingratitude retired himself to his own Palace in this place that he might deprive his Countrey of himself living of his assistance by this means dealing with her as most ingratefull after his death commanding his body to be there entered expresly forbidding his bones to be transported to Rome as Livy Strabo Valerius Maximus Seneca and many others relate Pliny saith further in the last Chapter of the sixteenth book of his natural History that even to his t●…me they found in Linternum of the Olive trees planted by Scipio Affricanus and a ●…irtle of a notable largenesse under which was a Cave inhabited by a Dragon the guardian of Scip●…oes Soul from which fable arose this other which the Inhabitants tell of the Monte Massico so renowned for the wines it produced to wit tha●… in a certain ●…ave on the said mountain lay a Dragon who slew and devoured all such as approached to him and that t was therefore called Monte Dragone and the Castle standing thereon is called La Rocca di Monte Dragone Iu these quarters is a spring or fountain of which was wont to be sharp or sower water and as t was said would intoxicate ●…ut now it hath the tast of sweet and pure water and hath not the said effect of inebriating but when drunk cures the head-ache SINOPE or SINVESSA UNder the Castle Dragone stood the antient City Sinope first a Colony of the Greeks and afterwards made a Colony by the Romans calling it Sinvessa when they also made Min●…nrnum a near City another Colony by occasion of the warr they had against the Samniti in the four hundred fifty seventh yeer after Romes foundation Appius Claudius and L. Volturnius being Consuls the latter