with Restriction of the Council to the plurality of Voices he was confirmed in this determination by the Prince of Conde who by the Authority he had above the other Counsellors imagined to turn and wind all at his pleasure wherefore the Councel of Mazarine for the uncontrolled Authority of the Queen conformable to the examples of former Regencies remained fruitless That which only remained to settle the Kings minde was to have an assurance that the Cardinal would not return into Italy after his death wherefore having earnestly besought him never to abandon his sons importun'd him to a direct promise as likewise the Queen not to permit him upon any pretext whatsoever to quit the Affairs and to engage him the more he was pleased that he should answer for the Dauphine at the Holy Font in Quality of Godfather together with the Princess of Conde confessing that he did it more straitly to oblige him to his sons service His Majestie well knowing the need he should have of him in his unripe years The King dead it seemed not convenient to the Queen to suffer that Authority to be retrenched in such manner which other Queens had enjoyed freely wherefore she permitted her self to be perswaded against the sense and counsel of the Cardinal to make the Parliament annul the Will of her late husband which Mazarine foreseeing would prove a mortal blow to the State and highly prejudicial to the Regent her self did not only forbear to appear in Parliament but likewise prepared himself to retire which was by no means assented to by the Queen who having the Authority of the Regency confirmed to her not only assured him of an entire confidence but engaged him also to remain minding him of his promise made to the King never to depart from his children and notwithstanding the great oppositions made against Mazarine by the enemies of Richlieu and by the disaffected he carried himself so well that in a short time he engrossed all Affairs The Bishop of Beauvais whom the Queen had added to the Councel where in those few days of his direction all things were fallen into disorder being excluded On the contrary Mazarine entred upon the business of the Kingdom with very lucky beginnings when many important considerations would have been enough to have discomposed the stoutest mind in so dangerous a condition of so Infantine a Minority The unquiet nature of the French desirous of Novelties easie to be drawn into sedition the Court full of turbulent spirits many prisoners set free many returned from their exile others who before for their rebellious attempts durst not so much as shew their heads now so arrogant as to pretend a share in the Government The Parliament depressed and discontented desirous to recover their lustre and dilate their power The Provinces oppressed by the grievances of a long War more inclined to disloyalty then obedience the Princes disposed to the most desperate attempts to make their advantage of these Conjunctures the people animated to shake off so weighty a yoke The apprehension not ill grounded that the Confederates of France fearing the unstable Resolution in a womans Regency and for their own proper Interests were ready to relinquish their former Union And lastly all the Concerns of the Crown threatning on all hands fear and terror Yet nothing could dismay the courage of the Cardinal resolved to despise all danger for the Royal service He applied himself suddenly to strengthen and conserve the external and internal vigour of the Kingdom And procured in the first place to confirm the Confederates in their Adherence to the Crown writing to all with such assuredness of the stability of the Regency in the established mutual Union and with such motives of honour and profit to themselves that he easily confirmed them in their Confederations thus in that beginning was established to the Crown the Amity of the Swedes of the Duke of Savoy of the Langrave of Hesse of the States of Holland of the Catalonians and of the Portugals a League which rendred the Power of France so much the stronger and feared and which at last did so much cooperate to the Conclusion of the Peace And secondly considering that intestine evils are most dangerous and aptest to destroy the Individual and foreseeing how much Civil discords do indamage a State he placed all his care to preserve the Peace of the Kingdom by uniting the Royal Family which was easily brought to pass for some years To handsel the Regency with some egregious deed he propounded and against the opinion of every one undertook the Siege of Teonville a place of great importance which happily succeeding he gained great commendation Frieburg afterward being attacqued by the Army of the Elector of Baviere with manifest danger to be lost he opportunely provided to relieve it causing the Queen to command the Duke of Anguien to joyn speedily his Troops to those of Mareschal Turenne and to bring timely succours which succeeded prosperously by which means not only the possession of that City was kept which had already capitulated but also other considerable Conquests were acquired The French Armies passing beyond the Rhine the Danube and the Lech and the Duke d' Anguien having gained a singular victory they over-ran Spire Ghermensain Landau Bindemo Cronach and Magonza By like advantages in those parts the Confederates were got in a condition to lend their helping hand at any time of need who by making themselves Master of a great part of Franconia and Suevia they became much stronger then their enemies but chiefly by the taking of Hoilbrun yet an Imperial City of very grear importance confirmed to them by the Treaty of the Truce concluded at Ulme with the Elector of Bavaria He cooperated afterward to the Peace of Munster and quickly saw it concluded with notable advantages to the Crown of France to which he establish'd the possession of both the Alsatia's and the two very strong places of Brijac and Phillipsburg near the Rhine opening a Pass into Germany at their pleasure By this Peace there did accrew to France the three Bishopricks of Metz Tul and Verdun and by the creating Metz a Parliament heretofore found a matter of much difficulty firmly established the controverted Jurisdiction of them with an absolute and perpetual possession ratified by the Emperor and the several Orders of the Empire The cares of the Cardinal were not restrained to these Expeditions only but at the same time he was likewise intent upon the Caballs of the Cabinet finding himself compelled by the Court-Intrigues to apply himself to extinguish in the beginning every spark of Civil trouble and oft-times to ward his own life from the treacheries of his enemies By this his care he saved himself from the Conspiracy contrived against him by the Duke of Beaufort who thinking the Cardinal an obstacle against his high designes by the occasion of a certain Collation which the Count of Chavigny had prepared for the Queen at the Castle of
of the Duke of Lorain's Army Every one desired to establish his own interest by diminishing the Royal Authority supporting themselves with the pretext that Mazarine was the ruine of the Kingdom and all Paris was full of seditious Libells Satyrical Verses lying Stories and Politick Discourses which tearing the name of the Cardinal and other Ministers of State did redound to the contempt and disgrace of their Royal Majesties and with such formes those seditious did seek to make sinister impressions in the people ignorant of the Mysteries of State On the contrary all the streets and corners of the City did echo forth the Praises of the Princes and of the Arch-Duke himself celebrated in prose and verse by a number of Writers with the Title of Deliverers of the oppressed people and many Preachers getting into the Pulpits wearied themselves with no less liberty speaking detractingly of the present Affairs and all this to imprint sinister apprehensions in the people which redounded more to the blame of the Superiours which tolerated them then of those that recited them The Parlement continuing still in their purpose to reduce Mazarine to the last extremity dispatch'd the President Nesmond with other Counsellours to Sully to represent to the King what they thought necessary for his removal from Court in conformity to their first Deliberations and His Majesty's Word but the Court was not at all moved for any of these instances judging it a petulancy and too great an impudence of the Parlementarians in pretending to give Law to their Master In the mean while the Spaniards making use of these favourable conjunctures which the discord in the Kingdom of France gave them they possess'd themselves of Trino in Italy taken by the Marquess of Caracena and in Flanders of Graveling gained by the conduct of the Count of Fuensaldagna who commanded under the Archduke The Cardinal did his utmost to succour Graveling a place of great importance but the remedies are too weak in a time that the Court was miserably distracted by domestick broyls when the Foreign enemy from many parts assailed her with powerful Forces and in a conjuncture that the Seditious of the Parlement to render the Malady more incurable diverted the Kings revenues in such manner that oftentimes he was reduced to great necessity not having wherewithall to provide even for the Court it self In Paris the disorders continued more then in any other part The Prince of Conde being come thither it is impossible to relate with what Applauses he was received whereat the Kings faithful servants and the Cardinals friends were so much astonish'd that they durst not set their foot out of doors These sent Dispatches to Court supplicating their Majesties to draw near the City with all speed otherwise the Faction of Conde growing stronger they should be constrained to abandon it and let all their consultations fall to the ground The Kings Council being moved by these Sollicitations and much more persuaded by reason to preserve by all means that great and potent City determin'd to approach nigh it In order hereunto their Majesties came to Auxerre from thence to Sens to Montreul to Melun and other places near and in the Kings Council it was debated to famish Paris by taking away the commerce of the River but this was not assented to by the Cardinal who knowing well that these Extravagancies of the Citizens proceeded from the Arts of a few Seditious people more covetous to advance their particular Interests then desirous as they gave out of the publick good and that suddenly they would perceive their errour and put themselves again in their due obedience to their King adding that it was not good by rigour to exasperate the people of that City further and precipitate them by despair to declare for the Princes which was the Card they call'd for without which their Party was weak and declining That the people ofttimes changed their minds and sometimes for the better as there was some hopes they would do now when they continually invited His Majesty to return to his Royal Palace having to that purpose sent the Sieur de Lerygue But the Cardinal was not for embracing that counsel it not behoving to trust the Kings Person on the word of the people and la Fronda without good caution he consented nevertheless to hold the Parisiens in hand with hopes and fair words without coming to any particular Declaration And thus by Mazarines dexterity Paris was in effect kept Neutral though in outward appearance it seemed the contrary by which they gain'd time to perfectionate those things which afterward followed to the Kings advantage The Court departed from Melun and came to Corbeil and thence by the way of Chily to St. Germains still under covert of the Army Though Paris was not in open breach with the Court they nevertheless continued to keep a good correspondence with the Princes the Inhabitants took Armes and began to keep guard held consultations and made preparations for Warre And among other Assemblies they held a General one of the Body of the Citizens assisted by the Deputies of the Parliament in which was decreed that when the Cardinal should be driven out of the Kingdom with security not to return again they would presently lay down their arms but as they made use of this pretext only to make their actions appear innocent to the people and that they directed their intentions to no other end then to the publick relief by sending farther off that Minister to whom they imputed all their grievance and continuance of the Warre so the Court admitting they did deprive themselves of the Cardinal by licensing him to depart knew that they should be at the same pass that they were the last time he left the Kingdom And by yielding to the pretensions of subjects they sensibly wounded the Royal Authority which ought to be kept absolute and independent wherefore they pretended on the contrary that it did not belong to any one to give laws but to receive them from their Sovereign and that the sole pretension that the King should serve himself of Ministers of their appointing deserved as much blame and correction as it was contrary to the Maxims of good Government to permit that any body of His Majesty's Council should depend on any other then on the King himself so that they cried Out on 't as too great an impertinency to require that one should be driven away of whom his Patron did profess himself well served to put in another that probably would not please him and who might perhaps study more the Interest of particular persons then the publick good and the Crown 's it manifestly appearing that to deprive the King of the Cardinal was to take away from him all satisfaction and to make him depend on their pleasure And therefore not to give so pernicious an example though he had had a mind for other causes to put him away he ought not to do it but to uphold
service of their Prince were not a little surprized at the novelty of this case Several reflexions were made upon this Action and some omitted not to consider whether the advantage or prejudice that might succeed upon it was likely to be the greater It was consider'd that the services the said Duke had done for the Crown of Spain were apparent but his failings publish'd in the Arch-Dukes Manifesto and Declarations were not known to all and that little credit is ordinarily given to what is publish'd by those that are interessed That it would be hard to disposses the people of an opinion they had imbided That the Duke out of meer complaisance to the Spaniards had drawn upon himself the displeasure chastisement of the King of France so that if after being beaten out of his countrey for their sakes they had received him into Flanders it was rather what they were obliged to then a courtesie That by how much the more the said Duke was blamed by the Ministers of Spain by so much the more justifiable were the Proceedings of the French against him because if the Spaniards who were so much obliged to him had just cause to chastise him it might well be thought the French had more reason he having proceeded in a hostile manner against them Moreover the doubt that this example would be mis-interpreted by others that served them gave no small trouble to the Spaniards fearing it might move them to resolutions little beneficial to their service upon suspition that their merits might hereafter meet with ingratitude and their errours never be pardoned Upon this News the Court of France made a great stir endeavouring to make advantage of this Conjuncture as favourable to calm the Actions of their enemies And because the whole Affair will be more clearly comprehended by the Manifesto which was publish'd in the Name of his most Christian Majesty the 2. of July 1654. at Sedan where the Court was then resident it will not be amiss to insert it here as followeth His most Christian Majesty being informed that several Officers as well as Souldiers and other persons belonging to the Wars Natives of the countreys of Lorrain and Barrois to the prejudice of their honour and duty notwithstanding the great injury done by the Spaniards to Duke Charles their lawful Prince in detaining his person have taken part and engaged themselves with them contemning the advantageous offers made them to enable them to set him at liberty and his Majesty considering further that to continue the same tenderness towards them which he had shewn ever since Lorrain was reduced under his obedience haveing never proceeded to any severity against those who abandoned their Country seeing they followed the fortune and commands of their Prince his Clemency would prove too prejudicial to his affaires he is resolv'd as in justice he is bound to have recourse to all such means as are in his power to repress them and make them sensible of his indignation since they acting indirectly against the interest of his Crown as also against the interests of their own Duke and his Family for whom his Majesty has always sufficiently manifested his esteem and affection having many times as is notorious to all the world offered the said Duke to restore him to his Countrey if he would desert the Spanish interest and come over to his Partie but he could never be brought to any resolution to prevent the disgrace which is at length fallen upon him imagining perhaps that by refusing such considerable and advantageous Propositions from France and by his strict Alliance with Spain so long continued and with such extraordinary constancy he should have deserved of them another kind of recompence then to be laid in prison and deprived of his â—state His Majestie therefore Orders and expresly commands all Officers Souldiers and other Natives of Lorrain and Barrois serving in the Army of the said Duke and that are any way engaged with the Spaniards to abandon them and retire themselves within the space of 15 days after the Publication hereof into the Frontiers of France either to take up Armes under his Majestie in which case they shall be entertained and used as the rest under his Command or to return into their Native Countreys or wherever else their Estates do lie provided they make a Declaration in authentick manner and form before the Kings Judges in those places where they intend to reside or the next they can meet with never to bear Arms nor to engage directly or indirectly upon any account to the prejudice of his Majesties service under penalty to those which transgress after the time allotted of being declar'd guilty and convict of High Treason and as such to be treated by the confiscation of their Estates the razing of their houses cutting down their woods and other most severe Penalties contain'd in the Orders upon such crimes His Majestie does furthermore command and require the Sieurs de Turenne and la Fertè Mareschals of France to cause these Presents to be Published in every place where need shall require to the end that no man may pretend ignorance and that they be aiding as much as in them lies to the full and entire execution of all and every particular herein contained declaring that equal credit is to be given to the authentick Copies hereof as to the Original it self To this Manifesto there was annexed a Declaration concerning what reception should be given to the Colonels Captains Officers and Souldiers of the Duke of Lorrain's Army which should come into the French service in the Tenor ensuing That the King being highly concerned for the detention of Duke Charles of Lorrain by the Spaniards and for the unworthy treatment he receiv'd from a Nation that have no Authority over his Person nor his Troops he caused to be proposed to the Count de Ligneville Commander in Chief of the said Dukes Army divers ways for the procurement of his liberty before he were convey'd into Spain according as the said Count had notice was intended But he would not hearken to this Advice to the prejudice of his honour and fidelity having suffered himself to be gained by the Spaniards to whom he hath shewn greater affection then to his own Master and considering that the Colonels Captains and other Officers might be inclin'd to follow his Majesties designes for the enlargement of the said Duke he did by these Presents give assurance to all Officers and Souldiers as well of Foot as Horse belonging to the Lorrain Army which to vindicate the wrong done to their Master and to set him at liberty should come into his Majesties service and pay That they should be placed and continued together in one body under the Command of the Mareschal de la Fertè Seneterre Governour of Lorrain and Barrois That according as any such body or company of the said Troops shall unite and joyn together they shall immediately receive a Pay both Officers and Souldiers and
imprisonment of the Princes were taken out of the Monastery and brought to live in the Palace Royal with the Dukes of Mercure and Candale only son of the Duke of Espernon so that they plotted all they could to hinder the chastisement of those of Bourdeaux and to reconcile themselves to the Princes and to release them with design to fall altogether upon the Cardinal and having ruined him to fall upon the Princes and remain sole in the Government To this end they flattered the Dutchess of Chevreuse with hopes of marrying her daughter to the Prince of Conty and she being in great credit and esteem with the Duke of Orleans by her means they gained the good-will of that Duke and with various Artifices perswaded him to press the Queen that the Princes might be brought from Vincennes to the Bastile of which place the Councellour Brussel one of the chief of the Frondeurs being Governour they thought by this means to get the Princes into their custody and to unite themselves with them to confound the Cardinal or if they should be able to ruine the Cardinal of themselves then to detain the Princes still prisoners and keep the dominion in their own power They joyned themselves thereupon in a stricter union and diligently laboured to hinder the King from going into Guienne using innumerable devices to frustrate this intention of the Cardinal who for all that mock'd at all the tricks of his enemies and with more discerning and wise Counterplots deluded them Their endeavors to hinder the Voiage into Guienne not succeeding they found out another pretext to stir up the people giving out that Mazarine was the only Obstructer of the Peace and that they ought to consider of the means to force him to conclude it the the Duke of Beaufort with like pretexts endeavored to regain his credit with the people from which he was much fallen ever since the Cardinals Visit The Court at this time went into Guienne The Duke of Orleans remained in Paris in quality of Lieutenant General of the Crown The Cardinal though he found himself strong enough in forces to chastise the Bourdelese yet did not omit according to his wonted custom to seek by fair means and by treaty to quiet these differences knowing the ill consequences that follow the bloody remedies of Arms against ones own Subjects But the Bourdelese that were back'd by the Parliament of Paris by the Faction of the Princes by the Frondeurs and by the very Spaniards obstinately prepared themselves to a defence The Spaniards making advantage of this diversion recovered Piombino and Portolongone in Italy And in Flanders joyning with Mareschal Turenne they took Rhetel and la Chappelle over-running the Countrey within ten Leagues of Paris The Frondeurs rejoycing at this Progress of the enemy thought of nothing more then of the delivery of the Princes to counterballance the Cardinal hoping that the Obligation in freeing them from Prison would cancel the demerit of making them Prisoners None was more zealous to serve the Dutchess of Chevreuse then the Coadjutor who by means of Letters reciprocally convey'd to and from the Princes had gained a promise from the Prince of Conty to marry her Daughter Hereupon the Dutchess pressed the Duke of Orleans that he would likewise set his helping hand to their liberty But the Persuasions of Monsieur Tillier Secretary of State left by the King at Paris to assist the Duke of Orleans prevailing with the Duke and knowing the danger that if the Spaniards should advance as far as the Castle of Vincennes they might set the Princes at liberty consented that they should be remove to the Castle of Marcoussy to keep them still in the Kings Power The Spaniards making use of this favourable conjuncture for their interests thought to increase the animosities of the Parisiens by sending a Trumpet from the Arch-Duke with Letters to the Duke of Orleans inviting him to a Treaty for a General Peace with a shew of sincere intentions The Duke willingly lent an ear to this invitation hoping thereby to acquire no less glory abroad then credit and good-will amongst the French wherefore dispatching several Courriers to Court they to please him sent him Power and Authority to Treat the Cardinal not doubting but that quickly as it afterwards happened he should discover the Arts by which this Engine was levell'd The Princes friends in the mean time did not let slip this opportunity to instigate the people so much the more against Mazarine affixing several papers in divers parts of the City in the Mareschal de Turenne's name containing in substance that there being in the Cardinal as great a reluctancy to the peace as in the Archduke and the Spaniards there was a readiness and inclination for it they ought by no means to lose this opportunity of enjoying again so great a happiness aggravating withall the miseries and ruine that by the continuation of the war hovered over all France To this effect the Marquess de Bagni Apostolical Nuntio with the Count dâ— Avaux went to Soissons to confer with the Archduke about the first Overtures Where they not onely found none on the part of the Catholick King but also were slightly answered by Don Gabriel di Toledo that it behoved them to expect Orders from Spain whilest the Archduke made account he had been Plenipotentiary having made the invitation with such earnestness and importunity Those of Bourdeaux in the mean while were reduced to great streights by the assault made upon the Town by the Kings Army so that they inclined to an Accommodation nor did the Court shew much aversion thereunto for the apprehension they had of the commotions of Paris wherefore the King granted them a general Amnesty without giving ear to their importunities for the delivery of the Princes but giving them the satisfaction in the removal of the Duke of Espernon from that Government the rest remaining in the same state This Peace of Bourdeaux was received with unexpressible bitterness by the Frondeurs who jealous that the Cardinal would set the Princes at liberty without acquainting them they united themselves afresh with the Duke of Orleans and sought by all means to set him at odds with Mazarine whom they gave to understand that the Court should return Paris and this with intent to hinder him of those advantages that he might reap by the Voyage of Tholouse and Provence which was of the Cardinal for many weighty reasons who preferring the urging desire of the Duke of Orleans for the Kings return to Paris and the necessity of providing for the securing of the Princes in causing them to be transported to a safer place then Marcousy before any other consideration he brought back their Majesties towards Paris and they remained at Fountainbleau whither the Queen invited the Duke of Orleans to consult Affairs of great importance but in effect it was onely to win him to the removal of the Princes a thing dreaded by the Frondeurs who foreseeing
had already beaten off the Princes Troops from several Posts upon which it was resolv'd in His Majesties Councel to transmit a new Amnesty to the Citizens of that Town to let them understand that notwithstanding the advantages the King had which rendred affairs almost secure and infallible yet such was his gracious clemency that he stood always with his Arms open to receive them again into his favour who had so ungratefully offended him This Amnesty was published and registred in the Parliament transferr'd to Agen upon which divers Assemblies were held in Bourdeaux in which the most moderate declar'd themselves very sensibly for their Countrey making it plain and palpable in what damages and dangers those subjects would finde themselves involved who establish't the Fabrick of their contumacy and disobedience upon the foundation of foreign assistance but the incentives oâ— ambition and the temerity of thâ— multitude were too potent to be capable of Reason so that they â—mmerged themselves over head and ears in their former presumption and more particularly those of the Olmiera who perverting the Counsels of the good Citizens and calling them unfaithful who with more fidelity and reason prosecuted the advantage of the Publick they rejected all their Counsels and Advice threatning those who spake any thing to the contrary insulting the more by how much they would have them perswaded that the said Propositions were rather an effect of the weakness of the Kings Power then of the sincerity of his heart They believ'd their best support was that which was promis'd â—hem by the Spaniard who with their money and their insinuations gain'd daily upon the Principals of â—hat Counsel and Faction They presumed likewise that the Engâ—ish would not neglect so favourable an occasion of improving their interests in the divisions of France and assisting that City which was upon the point of establishing it self into a Commonwealth like another Rochel They hoped the Prince of Condy with his Flanders Army would be able to force his way to the very gates of Paris and give them so strong a diversion in those parts that the Kings forces would not be strong enough to do any thing there where the Princess the Prince of Conty and the Dutchess of Longueville with their presence gave so great lustre to the darkness which overspread the Town These Considerations were very plausible and their fair Shew had a great power to effacinate the eyes even of Prudence it self so that the spirits of the people were become so obstinately perverse that the reestablishment of the Kings Authority in those parts was esteemed a very difficult if not an impossible thing so strangely were they possest of the irresistable assistance of the Spaniard who with a vast Profusion of money omitted no provision that might quicken that party which was so likely to contribute to his Grandeur But as private interest for the most part prevails over the publick and hopes that are only grounded upon appearance produce the least fruit so the Bourdelots in time found it true to their Costs For though they dispatcht their Deputies to London to that Parliament and Cromwell to represent of what importance it was to England to assist them at that time and to foment the divisions in France and though the English understood their interest well enough and were likewise inclined to their assistance yet those inclinations were overweighed by other reflexions relating more to their future then to their present advantage The English at that time were at Wars with the Hollander and their new Government stood upon too tottering a foundation to embark in such mighty designes The consideration that the ruine of France would be the aggrandishment of Spain which was always a more implacable enemy to their Religion made them recollect that a rupture with France at that time would not suit with their present affairs in respect that the French accommodating as probably in that case they would do with the Crown of Spain they would be able by a Conjunction afterwards with Holland and by the intelligence they had with the English who for the most part submitted to that new Government for want of power to dispute it any longer they might bring King Charles once more into that Kingdom and pull that slautry and confusion upon their own backs which they design'd upon their Neighbours whereupon their resolution being to foment the differences betwixt the two Crowns equally and with such Artifice that should harrase and weaken one another and not engage themselves wholly with one which would be the way to drive them to a Peace the people of Bourdeaux had but small hopes of expectation of assistance from England Besides these there was another reason more secret and intrinsick then the rest and that was a private design which Cromwell had to reform that Government which he knew well enough not suiting with his designs to be of no long duration so that it was not convenient for him to engage in any foreign troubles whilst the discontents and emulations at home gave him such employment both for his Counsels and Armes Yet though President Bourdeaux the French Embassador at London assur'd his Master that the English would conserve the Peace and continue their intelligence with that Crown nevertheless the people of Bourdeaux did not absolutely despair but that at length some resolution would be taken for their relief flattering themselves that when the peace with the Hollander at that time in Agitation should be concluded and those differences compos'd they would apply themselves to their interests and support In the mean time the Spaniard used all possible Art to propagate their troubles and make his advantage thereby But his Indian Fleet being insufficient and his Treasure at home too small to satisfie all sollicitations and maintain War in so many places besides the Kingdoms and States under the dominion of that Monarchy being almost depopulate with long Wars and by consequence unable to afford them sufficient supplies of men they were forc't to address themselves to the English for a certain number out of Ireland which were immediately rais'd and transported to evacuate that Countrey of such persons as were Catholicks and ill-affected to the new Commonwealth In Germany and other parts they could make no levies at all insomuch than being uncapable of making any benefit of so benigne a Conjuncture it made the weakness of the Spaniard more then ordinarily conspicuous To the reinforcement of the Princes party 2000 Irish were sent at several times into Guienne The Marquess of Santa Croce had Orders to refit the Navy in the Bay of Biscay the Baron Batteville to beat up his drums for men and to provide Ammunition and all Accommodation for their speedy return into the Garonne besides which large Promises and a considerable sum of ready money was sent to Bourdeaux and into Flanders to hasten new Levies and reinforce those Armies that by the assistance of the Prince of Condy and his
Boda Governour of the Town with his Tertia of French Foot and march'd himself to observe the motions of the Prince of Condy and the Spaniard who during this Leagure were joyn'd at Hayes d' Auvenes having been retarded in their Campagne both by their want of Horses as abovesaid and also by a Negotiation they had with a Citizen of Arras for the surprize of that City But the same Person held Intelligence likewise with the Cardinal as he had done with the Prince to gain money on both sides This Correspondence was began the Year before and continued till the Prince found himself deluded and cheated at several times of about 2000 Pistols The French having notice that the Spaniard had not yet their Forces united to engage the French Army which was then numerous and flourishing till they were reinforc'd which they most sollicitously endeavor'd by express Order from the Cardinal they advanc'd against the Prince with full resolution to attaque him But he had drawn up his Army betwixt two Woods behind a streight Pass by which means he prevented being fallen upon in a disadvantageous place as it might have hapned had it bin but one half houre longer before he had had the News of the French Army The Mareschals him in so good a posture return'd to their Posts and afterwards march'd towards Vervins passing thorough certain Villages not far from the Abby of Tougny they drew near to Vervens about Proussy and thence coasting by Guise they encamp'd at Riblemont to observe the motion of the enemy who being reinforc'd with the Lorrain Troops and other supplies from Flanders did principally design to make an Inroad into France upon presumption that at their first appearance many would declare for them The French Generals being inferiour in number were oblig'd for that reason to be more wary and circumspect and to have a care how they ran the risk of a Battel which if it went cross would be more dangerous in the consequences then in their present loss The Cardinals design was to protract time and to set the Affairs of the Kingdom to rights by the reduction of Bourdeaux to incapacitate the Prince to raise new troubles by the assistance or intelligence of his friends and to let the Spaniards at length see they were mistaken in the opinion they had conceived of that Juncture to ruine France and the confidence they had repos'd in the reputation and interest of the Prince in his own Countrey thâ—t being the principal mark to which all their Councils were directed it seeming unlikely to the Court of Spain that that Crown of it self with its States and Kingdoms so distant and depopulated should act any thing with advantage against France whilst it was entire and unanimous for this cause they spared no money but were many times lavish and profuse in their distributions to the discontented French who always deceived them with vain hopes and pretences endeavoring still to draw more of them into rebellion that by that means they might be able as it were to compel the French to a solid Peace to which his Catholick Majesty was seriously inclin'd but could not hope to obtain any other way But the effects did not answer Expectation for placing their hopes upon particular persons more sollicitous of their own then of other peoples advantage who propos'd only such things as might render themselves necessary to the Spanish affaires founding their principles upon this Maxime That to draw benefit from Princes they ought to make them expect more then they intended to perform forasmuch as their custom is when they are once delivered to regard them no longer who brought them out of their exigence Things being acted in this manner and hastned by the Spaniard in order to the approaching Campagne the Princes and Generals of the Armies held many Counsels what way they were to proceed The chief of of the Spanish Officers and particularly the Count de Fuensaldagna a person of great judgment propos'd to fall upon some of the most considerable of the King of France's Towns by the benefit of which they might be enabled to pass on and upon a solid foundation maintaine the War afterward in the Enemies Country Some propounded to ship 5 or 6000 men under the Command of the most expert Officers could be chosen and to send them into Guienne to reinforce the Princes Troops in that Province and support the courage of the Bourdelots thereby to sustein the War in those parts which was the strongest diversion could be given to the French Armes To that end it was proposed they should sit down before Bayon and the Princes repair thither with their Troops which would be more feasible in respect that Colonel Baltasser had made himself Master of Tarsas But the hopes that the Reliefe from Spain would be sufficient and having no Orders for dividing their Army in Flanders confuted all those Propositions The Count of Fuenseldagne was of opinion that laying all other things aside they should sit down before Arras whilst their Army was fresh and the Alarmes so hot in other parts of the Kingdom for which reason he look'd upon the Enterprise not so difficult as other people might imagine and that the Prince of Condy might consent he offered to give him Mouson But the Prince insisting upon his Intelligence in Paris prest hard and upon very good reason that drawing all their forces together they should pass the Soma march up to Paris and give their party in that City opportunity to rise while the Court growing jealous of them would be easily perswaded to quit the Town and that in these confusions their Army advancing to Mantes might possess themselves of all the Countrey about Pontoise Saint Lis and other adjacent Towns where recruiting themselves with the discontented party which in probability would throng to him daily they should reap extraordinary advantage and foment the Civil War in France This Proposition was in appearance plausible and so well represented by the Prince that the Council were of the same minde and esteemed that his opinion ought really to be followed as was seemingly desired by those who applauded his Actions with their tongue more then by their deeds But there were two considerable difficulties objected The first was that by the loss of Bellegard and Rhetel the minds of many people were much dejected so that there were but few of the opinion but the King of France would be stronger that Campagne then the Prince of Condy who had lost two such considerable places as it were under his Nose to the great diminution of his credit The other was that the French Army being come into the Field much stronger then was imagin'd it was dangerous to pass so many Rivers and put themselves into the Enemies Countrey without any place of Retreat in case of disaster whilst also the Spanish Army was attended by another though less numerous yet superiour in courage being all French bold and experienc'd besides 4000
is despised As an example they alledged Cardinal Richlieu who by his extravigant greatness was become so odious to Lewis the 13th that without doubt had they lived longer together that Minister must of necessity have fallen That it would be better therfore to settle his Alliance further off to secure a retreat if any accident should happen without exposing himself to the inconstancy of that Nation who are friends to none but their own fortune But the Cardinal esteeming the advantage to be reciprocal his inclination to his own interest prevail'd above all other Advice so that the Contract was at last agreed on and the Marriage concluded by their Majesties to whose determination the Cardinal left the whole disposure of that Affair submitting his will to their pleasure as he said he had sacrificed all the rest of his faculties to their service but the consummation was put off because the Prince was unwilling to be present in the Parliament of Paris whilst they were forming a Process of High Treason against his Brother the Prince of Condy. He obtein'd therefore to protract his coming to the Court till the latter end of the Carnevale about which time he arrived and was received with all applause and satisfaction imaginable The first Saturday in Lent the Ceremony of touching the hand and signing the Articles of Marriage was perform'd The Princess had a Dowry of 200000 Crowns given her by her Uncle and 50000 by the Kings bounty besides a Pension to the Prince equivalent to his Ecclesiastical Revenue which he resign'd into his Majesties hands after this followed the Espousals and the Nuptials which were honoured by the continual Presence of their Majesties the Duke of Anjou and all the Princes and great Lords of the Court where there was not any one found so stimulated with envy or overwhelm'd with rancour no mind so enraged or corrupted that durst cavil at this Alliance since the deserts of the Uncle towards the Crown were unparallel'd and the Beauty of the Bride such an entire Compendium of the most conspicuous qualities in a woman which were able to excite the praises and commendations of the greatest Emulators and Detractors The Queen her self would needs do her the honour to see her in bed by which incomparable Civility her Majesty made appear how much she was pleased with this Wedding The King afterwards made a Present to the new married Prince of all the Estate and Offices belonging to his Brother the Prince of Condy but he out of an exemplary Grandeur of mind refused that grace as despising the riches which came from that spoil To express the content and joy every one conceiv'd for the reuniting this Branch to the Royal Stock The days following were spent in Balls Feasting Musick and other Recreations and Divertisements becoming a Royal and Majestick Court as is that of the most Christian King The HISTORY of the Managements of CARDINAL MAZARINE Lib. II. Part III WHilst Paris was thus full of joy and festivity at Brussels all was in sadness and confusion for the Imprisonment of Duke Charles of Lorrain who was Arrested Prisoner in that City as shall be related in the ensuing Narrative The Spanish Troops were retiring into their Winter-quarters and the Count de Fuensaldagna considering that by reason of the Numbers of great Officers and the Generals of the three Armies it would be impossible to quarter them all in the Low Countreys he treated with the Duke of Lorrain and paid him a sum of money upon condition he would quarter his Troops and some of the Prince of Condy's out of the Countreys belonging to his most Catholick Majesty as he was accustomed to do at other times under pretence of being General of the Empire by which he made bold with several Neutral Countreys in those Provinces and other Principalities of the Empire as were most expos'd to that inconvenience The Duke began to take up his quarters accordingly and about the middle of Winter marched with his Army into the Countrey of Liege pretending the Elector of Colen had given Sanctuary to Cardinal Mazarine in his State permitting him to make levies there and giving him other assistances against the Prince of Condy. The Elector desir'd help of the King of France against the Troops of the Prince and take Duke Immediately Orders were sent to Faber the Governour of Sedan to draw a Body of an Army together and march to the assistance of the Elector He executed the Orders with all possible expedition marching with the French Troops directly towards Liege The Duke of Lorrain so soon as he had notice hereof in stead of meeting and engaging them as he might easily have done being much stronger then Faber retired into the Territories of the King of Spain took up quarters there for his men and came himself to Brussels The proximity of these Troops of the enemie being as it were in the heart of the Countrey and the Dukes retreat without attempting in the least to oppose them The various Advices they received from several parts that what was acted by the Duke of Lorrain was done by private Intelligence with Cardinal Mazarine gave no small trouble to the Arch-Duke and the Count of Fuensaldagne and so much the more because these Advertisements did quadrate with the Treaty the Duke made with the King of France near Paris deserting the Princes in their greatest need With the withdrawing of his Troops from the siege of Rocroy with the Negotiations which were lately discover'd he had held with the Crown of Swedeland and other Princes to hinder the New Election of the King of the Romans hoping himself by the help of his money and the assistance of the King of France and the Protestant Princes in Germany to be able to pretend to that dignity This jealousie was not a little fomented by the strait correspondence he held at that time with the Elector Palatines Family with the Swedes and with other Princes of Germany to whom he had sent Ronselot his Secretary having sent likewise for the Prince Palatine of Sultzbach in the place of his Brother killed at the battel of Rhetel with design to marry him to his daughter By the displeasure he expressâ—d for the assistance granted to the Prince of Condy by whose Treaty with the Court of Spain he pretended to be very much prejudiced by reason that all the acquisitions made in France being to be deliver'd into his hands there remain'd no place in the power of the Spaniards to exchange afterward for those of Lorrain at the General Peace He began therefore to doubt that the bare Protection of Spain would not be sufficient to restore him to the Sovereignty of his Dominions This was one of the principal Reasons that renewed in the Duke the ancient emulation betwixt the Houses of Lorrain and Bourbon not being able to endure that the Prince of Condy should be Master not only of Stenay Clermont and other places belonging to Lorrain but of the Conquests
every one shall be preserv'd and maintain'd in the same quality and condition as before That Justice shall be administred by the Colonel of every Regiment in the same manner as heretofore That his Majesty will assign them Winter-quarters so soon as the Campagne shall be ended and that they shall be treated in all places and upon all occasions as other forreign Troops in his Majesties service promising in the faith and word of a King to maintain and cause to be punctually observed what he has declared and promised At the first News of the Dukes Imprisonment his most Christian Majesty had dispatch'd Monsieur de la Borez to the Count de Ligneville with instructions to let him know the obligation that lay upon him to endeavor the enlargement of his Master by force of Armes if amicable ways would not prevail But all the Arguments used to the said Count and to Duke Francis who not many days before arrived in Flanders from Germany proved ineffectual the Management of the Spanish Ministers having had better success then the sollicitations of Cardinal Mazarine Ligneville excusing himself that he had express Orders from Duke Charles to obey his brother Duke Francis and this Prince relying upon the Promises made him of being put into the same command as his Brother did hope to be able to obtain more favour by his own merit then by force The Cardinal continued in the mean time with prudent Councils to manage other designs the principal was to carry on the Wars in the Enemies countrey thereby to force the Spaniard to a Peace which he said they pretended very much to wish for but in such manner and with such advantages to themselves that not being fit to be granted they accus'd him of being an enemy to all accommodation He reassumed the Negotiation of a League with the Protect or Cromwell at London to secure the French from the jealousies they had reason to conceive of that Nation at that time in Armes and free from any diversion elsewhere And to observe the motions of the Spaniards in Biscay that they might not introduce any new confusions in those parts he caus'd the Mareschal de Gramont in whose valour and fidelity he rely'd very much to repair to his Government of Bayon and Bearn there to have an eye to any attempt that might be made against those Provinces for the better security of which he concluded a Truce or Treaty of Neutrality and Commerce during the War betwixt Bayon and the Basques subjects of France and the Biscailins subjects of Spain He sent out new Orders for recruiting the old Troops and for levying of new to the end that in the Spring they might be able to take the field in Flanders Catalonia and Piemont He commanded the fitting up of the Fleet in Provence and all necessary Provisions to be got ready to put to sea when occasion should require either towards Catalonia or the Kingdom of Naples from whence the Duke of Guise reiterated his instances for their sudden resolution upon the Account of the good intelligence he held with the malcontents in that City by whom he was sollicited over and over and many Messengers sent to invite him thither And as he was seriously intent upon his martial Affairs so was he not unmindful for the establishment of quiet at home prevailing with His Majesty to extend his clemency even towards those as were still contumacious and to receive every body into favour putting an end to all domestick jealousies that it might appear to all men that there was nothing he desired more then to render his Ministry equally profitable and grateful to all the French Nation towards which notwithstanding the ill Treatment he had receiv'd in stead of seeking revenge forgetting all provocations his aim was by his goodness and meekness to work them gently to a repentance for their past faults rather then by punishing them precipitate them into new more desperate offences FINIS THE TABLE MOnsieur de St. Agolin sollicits the Court of Spain in behalf of the Prince of Condy page 35 Another Amnesty sent to the Bourdelots 246 Encamping of both Armies 84 A notable Artifice 118 The Kings Army advances towards Bourdeaux 137 The Assembly of the Olmiera is prohibited 155 Additions to the Capitulations at Bourdeaux 172 The Armies on the Frontiers of France 188 Several Persons of both Armies meet and discourse 200 The Arch-Duke comes to the Camp before Rocroy 220 The Order of the French Army 249 A General Amnesty granted to the Bourdelots 256 The Armies in Catalogne 303 B. The People in Bourdeaux sollicit for help from Spain 35 The Baron de Batteville raises difficulties in the Spanish Court 38 Orders given to Batteville from the Court 40 Propositions made by the Spaniards to the Bourdelots 41 Bellegarde taken 66 The Count Broglia surprizes the Irish 68 Bourg taken 96 Divers disturbances in Bourdeaux 110 Brisac returns to the Kings obedience 298 C Cardinal Mazarine returns to Paris with universal Applause 1 Applies himself to the War 2 By the Cardinals means the Count d' Ognon makes his Peace at Court 16 The Cardinal beloved by the Souldiers 18 His remarkable Policy ib. Count Marsin endeavors to take Granade 31 The communalty of Paris invites the Cardinal to a Dinner at the Town-Hall 59 concourse of the People to see the Cardinal at the Town-Hall 60 The Speech of a Plebeian to the Cardinal 61 The Count de Coligni taken Prisoner 62 The Prince Condy's of intelligence in Arras vanishes 73 Designes of the Cardinal concerning the Warr 73 Councell of war held by the Spanish Commanders 77 Condy's opinion prevailes 85 The Prince of Condy deceaved by his friends 85 The Conspiracy at Bourdeaux discovered 88 The Duke of Candale endeavors to enter Bourdeaux 92 Cromwell refuses to assist Bourdeaux 104 The Cardinal endeavours to win Bourdeaux rather by fair meanes then force 106 The Prince of Conty's answer to the Citizens of Bourdeaux 112 the Count de Fiesco returns from Spain to Bourdeaux 114 the Prince of Conty's answer to those that persuade him to peace 117 The Prince of Conty and Dutchess of Longueville disgusted with Marsin 121 The Prince of Condy shewes great esteem for Marsin 122 The Prince of Conty resolves to consent to the peace 140 the Duke of Candale treates with the Prince of Conty 141 The Contents of the Articles of peace at Bourdeaux 166 The Court of Rome has thoughts of defending the Cardinal de Retz 233 He is conveyed to Nants 235 A conspiracy to Kill Cardinal Mazarine 238 Great Clemency of the King 238. Expedient of the Cardinal to allay the disturbances at Bourdeaux 259 decree of the Councell against the Parliment of Bourdeaux 260 Courage of the French Nobility 276 The Prince Condy being sick orders his Commanders to succour S. Menehaud 278 The Cardinals diligence to hinder the succour 279 The Court returns to Paris 288 The Count de Harcourt's Negotiations with the Court 289 He
to the Parlement and the Court were not sincere while at the same time that he profess'd himself ready for the Peace he protested at Madrid and Brussels that he would always adhere to the Crown of Spain and hold on the War negotiating likewise in England to get assistance to carry on his designes and therefore it concern'd them to take away his Helps and Associates in France without which he would remain only a bare Captain of the King of Spain and be able to do little against a Kingdom more potent then any other when united and obedient to its King In the mean time the Troops of the Princes remain'd encamp'd on the other side the River Sene betwixt Surenne and St. Cloud expecting the supplies which were sent him from Flanders but those fruitful hills being full of Vineyards and the Grapes beginning to ripen the damage which the Souldiers did to the people was very grievous by whose Sollicitation they were drawn out to the end of the Suburbs of St. Victor where in quartering themselves they fell to blows with the Citizens that were upon the Guard at the street end where four or five inhabitants ans◠fifteen or twenty Souldiers were slain which help'd so much the more to augment the discord amongst them But the Cardinal knowing that the safety of the Royal party consisted in reducing the Parisiens to seek their quiet which began to be wish'd for by them The people the Merchants and all persons generally being weary of the calamities they sustain'd and tired out by the continual Guards which without pay and with abandoning their traffick they were constrained to keep he advised the King to stay at Compiegne and not to be prevail'd on by intreaties to return to Paris without unquestion'd security that he should not be detain'd again and this was one of the Maxims especially recommended to the Queen in his absence and which he particularly gave in charge to the Abbot Ondedei He added that the Kings Army ought to go to oppose the troops of Flanders which were marching to assist the Princes and if they were too weak so that enterprize they should remove to Ville neufve S. George on the North-side the Sene four leagues from Paris and fortifying themselvs with good trenches live upon the provisions that from Corbeil Melun and other neighboring places they should get in abundance by means of the River where making a stay the Enemies troops by consequence must lodge themselves thereabouts so that the Souldiers sacking and pillaging the Country and robbing and killing all that should pass that way without coming to a rupture of shewing any such intention Paris would be involv'd in a very troublesome siege and the Princes rendred odious as being reputed the principal occasion of all those disasters and thus carrying on their intelligence with their loyal friends in the City the Parisiens would be brought with greater facility to take fit resolutions to free them from their miseries which could not be done so long as they were deprived of the King This was the greatest stroak the Cardinal could give and it is certain that this Maxim duly observed promoted the ruine of his opposite Party for Paris could not free it self from the hovering ruine without sending away the Prince of Condé whose fall was most certain because staying there with the Army he increased their miseries which stirred up the peoples hatred against him and by retiring himself he lost the support of so rich and powerful a City with so much the more prejudice as that he would be forc'd to retire to his places upon the Mose quit the Realm and throw himself into the arms of the Spaniards Upon the news of the Cardinals departure out of the Kingdom the Ministers of Spain were not a little troubled because they perceived by his removal the Male-contents had no more pretext for what they did Taking their measures therefore to assist but not to strengthen too much the Party of the Princes two things were propos'd One was to advance with their whole Army and forcing the Kings Army from about Paris keep those Citizens faithful and united to the Princes The other to amuse that Party and the people of Paris with great hopes but little effects that by their seeming assistance they might hold firm in their pretensions and redoubling their disobedience and injuries against the Court be finally necessitated to declare against the King so that rendering themselves unworthy of favour and affrighted with the thoughts of chastisement they would endeavour to preserve their Usurped Authority To the first Proposition were opposed the imminent dangers that the Court seeing themselves reduc'd to should be forc'd to grant to the Princes those Points which with much fervency were insisted on by their friends and partakers Neither did the other seem convenient in that present conjuncture for when the Princes and the Parlement should perceive themselves depriv'd of the hopes and promises made them by the Spaniards knowing they were not able to subsist by Paris alone which was wavering even in the beginning of the Union they would be constrain'd to regulate themselves as Necessity should counsel them and accept those conditions that had been already offer'd them upon the Accommodation so that by either of these ways they apprehended they should not much help forward their Designs which they had proposed to themselves upon the continuance of the civil troubles in France Embracing therefore a third counsel they resolved to cause their Troops to advance knowing that if the Parisiens did not continue firm they should at least encourage the Martial and haughty thoughts of the Prince of Condé who making war in France as first Prince of the Bloud and esteemed one of the Valiantest of the Age he could not but much trouble and annoy the contrary Party Wherefore the Spanish and Lorein Troops began to move towards the Sene to the number of 3000 Horse under Prince Ulderick of Wirtemberg 6 other Regiments of Horse conducted by the Chevalier de Guise and 6000 Lorrainers with their Duke who all together formed an Army of about 11000 combatents These thought to put themselves into the Post of Villeneuf S. George but were prevented by the Mareschal Turenne who according to the Instruction of Cardinal Mazarine had already possessed it and intrenched himself there with the Kings Army and cast two Bridges over the River The Spaniards the Lorrainers and the Troops of the Princes quartered round about the Country so that the Souldiers of both Parties scouring the Campania on all sides Paris remained besieg'd by their own friends wherefore the Citizens daily pressed the King to return to Paris who answered he was ready so to do if the Duke of Orleans would cause the Prince of Conde to retire to his Government of Guienne the Duke of Beaufort to his Castle of Anet and the strangers out of the Kingdom The Cardinal de Retz took the advantage of these favourable accidents and with
the Dutchess of Chevreuse and the Marquess of Chasteauneuf Condé's Enemies endeavoured to separate the Duke of Orleans from the Prince and unite him to the Court that so remaining together near the King they might hinder the return of Mazarine and having ruined the Party of Condé get the management of Affairs into their own hands And this was the onely true cause of all the Caballs of these Lords for they had no ill will against the Kings service onely thought to do it handsomer then Mazarine did who was hated by many as a stranger and not beneficial Yet notwithstanding the troubles of the Court the Kings Troops went on with the Siege of Monterond and took it obliging the Defendants to yield it up for want of Provisions Brisac was likewise put into the Kings hands by the Mareschal of Guebriants Lady through the Address of Mazarine after strange occurrences happened in that place by the Intrigues of Charlevois who was taken prisoner and of the Count d' Harcourt who under some vain pretences that he was not secure at Court retired into that Fortress and staid there some time till he had spent all the Money he had got in managing the Kings Army in Guienne in which Affair Mazarine had the whole direction and ordered the matter so dexterously that the Count d' Harcourt refusing the Offers of the Spaniards and Imperialists returned at last to his due obedience The Princes in the mean time prosecuted their design to streighten so the Camp of Turenne that forcing them to quit the Post they might fight him and destroy him by the superiority of their Forces Turenne staid there with much hardship hoping to weary out the Parisiens and reduce them to their duty obliging them to drive away the strangers from the Town But all this while there happened no Action of moment because both Parties proceeded with caution and reserve lest they should receive any disaster so that the Countrey being on all sides overrun by the Souldiers Paris chiefly found the trouble and incommodity none being secure to traffick without the gates without danger of being robb'd and kill'd Upon these disorders the Townesmen began to frequent the Assemblies more then ordinary to devise how to free themselves from these tedeous miseries The 5th of September it was resolved on in the Town-house to send some of the Body of the City to supplicate the King to come to Paris For the same effect the Clergy likewise deputed some of theirs and the Cardinal de Retz was chosen their Head as Coadjutor of that Archbishoprick He went in a very splendid Equipage and made a most elegant Oration to their Majesties exhorting them to return to Paris The motive of this his going as the report went was to gratifie the Parisiens in their desire for the Courts return to gain the credit as Mediator of so great a work for the universal good and drawing advantage by Mazarines absence render himself necessary at Court gain the Kings favour and by means of the Duke of Orleans make his way The Kings answer was in general and like to the others formerly given to those that went upon the same account which was that he was ready to grant their request whensoever the Enemies of the publick peace should be driven away And this was the result and drift of the Court according to the advice of Mazarine to stir up the City against the Princes who though they laboured all they could to make them understand that the Amnesty given at Pontoise was full of Prevarication they could not so prevail but the major part accepted it and not onely in Paris but also in Bourdeaux it caused some dispute 'T is true that the Princess of Condé the Prince of Conty the Dutchess of Longueville and others being in this remote City their Presence and Authority prevailed The new Council of the Ormiera determined not to permit by any means the Parlement to accept it without the consent of the Prince of Condé The Bourdelois were in this point more resolute and constant because the Kings Army in Guienne wanting a General after the departure of the Count d' Harcourt they hoped encouraged thereunto by Count Marcin to recover the Towns and places possessed by the said Count d' Harcourt especially the Kings Troops being grown lasie and negligent they let Marsin attempt what he pleased Wherefore it being necessary to provide another Chief by the counsel of Mazarine the Government of the Army and the Province was conferred on the Duke of Candale onely Son of the Duke of Espernon a young Prince sprightly and generous and valiant above measure who undertook divers Enterprises and finally constrained the Bourdolois to return to their obedience THE HISTORY Of the Managements of Cardinal MAZARINE LIB III. AT the same time the Duke de Mercoeur was in Provence with Commissions for Governour of that Province yet without the dismission of the Duke of Angoulesme who was the true Governour but by order of the King was kept Prisoner in Berry because having promised His Majesty not to go into Provence without his Permission but to stay at Paris he notwithstanding afterwards under colour of going to his estate went out of the way with design as it was discovered by Mazarine to foment the sedition begun in the City of Tolon by this imprisonment with the diligence of the Duke of Mercoeur and the direction of Cardinal Mazarine Tolon was restored to its former obedience and the gates were opened to the Kings Troops and all the Province thereupon kept in peace which was otherwise threatned with sedition and troubles The Duke of Angoulesme remained prisoner three months but afterwards the King being assured by the promises and good intentions of the Dutchess his wife and by the interposition of the Duke of Joyeuse his son-in-law he was set free the beginning of October following and was permitted to stay in Paris and at Court keeping all this while the Patents of Governour of Provence but few months after he passed to another life and with his death his Family was extinct At the same time that the Cardinal of Retz with the other Deputies of the Clergy were compleating their business with their Majesties at Compeigne the Deputation of the Commons of Paris was sent back by the King with the Answer which followeth That his Majesty always preserving a gracious inclination for his good City of Paris and having a perfect knowledge of their fidelity and disposition to his service and their due obedience did suffer an unspeakable grief of heart to understand the oppression which it underwent and particularly since the fourth of July all seeming to be perverted which he had endeavor'd to make known his right intentions in opposition to that malice and violence through which those Conflagrations Massacres and other strange effects had taken place for no other end then to turn away his faithful subjects from their obedience that the Officers and lawful Magistrates