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force_n of_o artillery_n or_o murder_v they_o all_o within_o their_o trench_n and_o this_o he_o take_v from_o caesar_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o gergobia_n gallico_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o matter_n consist_v in_o a_o double_a dâ—tch_n run_v like_a unto_o the_o line_n which_o the_o 〈◊〉_d call_v helicall_a by_o this_o double_a ditch_n he_o make_v his_o approach_n to_o any_o place_n of_o most_o advantage_n where_o he_o may_v in_o a_o night_n raise_v a_o mount_n high_a enough_o for_o the_o ordinance_n to_o play_v upon_o any_o quarter_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o censure_n of_o this_o practice_n i_o refer_v to_o our_o judicious_a soldier_n who_o may_v if_o it_o please_v they_o take_v a_o better_a view_n of_o the_o particularity_n of_o this_o stratagem_n in_o brancatio_n himself_o thus_o much_o i_o dare_v affirm_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o these_o
dictator_n caesar_n caius_n princeps_fw-la &_o domitius_n nero_n infausto_fw-la ut_fw-la omnium_fw-la patuit_fw-la exâ—tu_fw-la incepto_fw-la king_n demetrius_n caesar_n the_o dictator_n caiâ—s_v the_o prince_n and_o domitius_n nero_n all_o of_o they_o attempt_v to_o draw_v through_o this_o neck_n of_o land_n with_o a_o navigable_a channel_n without_o any_o success_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o issue_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n sâ—sostris_n and_o since_o in_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o ottoman_n they_o go_v about_o to_o bring_v the_o red_a sea_n into_o nile_n but_o fear_v it_o will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o drown_v the_o land_n one_o sea_n be_v low_a than_o another_o they_o give_v over_o the_o enterprise_n and_o it_o may_v be_v upon_o like_a consideration_n or_o otherwise_o fear_v to_o correct_v the_o work_n of_o nature_n they_o forbear_v to_o make_v a_o passage_n between_o nombre_fw-fr ac_fw-la dios_n and_o panama_n and_o so_o to_o join_v one_o sea_n to_o the_o other_o as_o be_v say_v to_o be_v intend_v chap._n xxi_o a_o accident_n which_o fall_v out_o by_o two_o brethren_n of_o savoy_n in_o caesar_n army_n there_o be_v in_o caesar_n camp_n two_o brethren_n of_o savoy_n caesar_n roscillus_n and_o aegus_n the_o son_n of_o adbucillus_fw-la who_o for_o many_o year_n together_o be_v account_v the_o principal_a and_o chief_a man_n of_o that_o state_n these_o be_v man_n of_o singular_a worth_n and_o have_v do_v caesar_n very_o great_a service_n in_o all_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n and_o in_o that_o respect_n caesar_n have_v advance_v they_o to_o great_a &_o honourable_a charge_n in_o their_o country_n and_o cause_v they_o extraordinary_o to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o number_n of_o the_o senator_n and_o bestow_v much_o of_o the_o enemy_n land_n upon_o they_o beside_o great_a sum_n of_o ready_a money_n and_o of_o poor_a have_v make_v they_o rich_a these_o man_n be_v not_o only_o well_o respect_v by_o caesar_n but_o be_v in_o good_a account_n throughout_o all_o the_o army_n howbeit_o rely_v too_o much_o on_o caesaâ—'s_n favour_n and_o puff_v up_o with_o foolish_a and_o barbarous_a arrogancy_n they_o disdain_v their_o own_o man_n deceive_v the_o horseman_n of_o their_o pay_n and_o avert_v all_o pillage_n from_o public_a distribution_n to_o their_o own_o particular_a the_o horseman_n provoke_v with_o these_o injury_n come_v all_o to_o caesar_n and_o complain_v open_o thereof_o add_v far_a that_o their_o troop_n be_v not_o full_a nor_o answerable_a to_o the_o list_n or_o muster-role_n by_o which_o they_o require_v payment_n caesar_n think_v it_o no_o fit_a time_n of_o punishment_n and_o withal_o attribute_v much_o to_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o man_n put_v off_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o chide_v they_o private_o for_o make_v a_o gain_n of_o their_o troop_n of_o horse_n will_v they_o to_o expect_v a_o supply_n of_o all_o their_o want_n from_o his_o favour_n according_a as_o their_o service_n have_v well_o deserve_v nevertheless_o the_o matter_n bring_v they_o into_o great_a scandal_n and_o contempt_n with_o all_o man_n which_o they_o plain_o perceive_v both_o by_o the_o speech_n of_o other_o man_n as_o also_o by_o that_o they_o may_v judge_v themselves_o milone_n their_o own_o conscience_n accuse_v they_o with_o which_o reproach_n and_o shame_n they_o be_v so_o move_v and_o think_v peradventure_o that_o they_o be_v not_o quit_v thereof_o but_o defer_v until_o some_o other_o time_n that_o they_o resolve_v to_o leave_v the_o army_n to_o seek_v new_a fortune_n and_o make_v proof_n of_o other_o acquaintance_n and_o have_v impart_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o few_o of_o their_o follower_n to_o who_o they_o dare_v communicate_v so_o great_a a_o disloialty_n first_o they_o go_v about_o to_o kill_v c._n volusenus_n general_n of_o the_o horse_n as_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v be_v discover_v that_o they_o may_v come_v to_o pompey_n upon_o some_o deserve_a service_n but_o after_o they_o find_v it_o hard_o to_o accomplish_v they_o take_v up_o as_o much_o money_n as_o they_o can_v borrow_v as_o though_o they_o mean_v to_o have_v pay_v their_o troop_n what_o they_o former_o have_v defraud_v they_o of_o and_o have_v bring_v many_o horse_n they_o go_v to_o pompey_n together_o with_o such_o as_o be_v acquaint_v with_o their_o purpose_n pompey_n find_v they_o gentleman_n of_o sort_n liberal_o bring_v up_o attend_v with_o a_o great_a retinue_n and_o many_o horse_n and_o both_o of_o they_o very_o valiant_a and_o in_o good_a account_n with_o caesar_n and_o withal_o for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o unusual_a and_o strange_a accident_n he_o lead_v they_o about_o the_o work_n and_o show_v they_o all_o the_o fortification_n for_o before_o that_o time_n no_o man_n either_o soldier_n or_o horseman_n have_v flee_v from_o caesar_n to_o pompey_n whereas_o daily_o they_o come_v from_o pompey_n to_o caesar_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v enroll_v in_o epirus_n and_o aetolia_n which_o country_n be_v at_o caesar_n devotion_n these_o two_o brethren_n exact_o understand_v all_o thing_n in_o caesar_n camp_n as_o well_o concern_v such_o work_n as_o be_v perfect_a as_o such_o other_o wherein_o man_n skilful_a in_o war_n may_v find_v defect_n together_o with_o the_o opportunity_n of_o time_n and_o distance_n of_o place_n as_o also_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o guard_n with_o the_o nature_n and_o endeavour_n of_o every_o man_n that_o have_v a_o charge_n relate_v all_o particular_o to_o pompey_n observation_n we_o may_v here_o observe_v the_o sincerity_n and_o direct_a carriage_n of_o inferior_a commander_n in_o the_o roman_a army_n by_o the_o scandal_n these_o two_o sâ—voâ—ens_n run_v into_o for_o make_v false_a muster_n and_o defraud_v the_o soldier_n of_o their_o due_n a_o matter_n so_o ordinary_a in_o these_o our_o time_n as_o custom_n seem_v to_o justify_v the_o abuse_n for_o what_o more_o common_a in_o the_o course_n of_o our_o modern_a war_n then_o to_o make_v gain_n of_o company_n by_o muster_v more_o than_o they_o have_v in_o pay_n and_o by_o turn_v that_o which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o soldier_n to_o their_o own_o benefit_n the_o first_o whereof_o if_o it_o be_v due_o weigh_v be_v a_o offence_n of_o a_o high_a nature_n against_o the_o state_n and_o the_o second_o such_o a_o injury_n to_o the_o soldier_n as_o can_v hardly_o be_v answer_v it_o be_v merry_o as_o i_o take_v it_o aid_n by_o columella_n that_o in_o foro_fw-la concessunâ—_n latrocinium_fw-la robbery_n be_v lawful_a in_o course_n at_o law_n but_o for_o those_o to_o who_o be_v commit_v the_o safety_n of_o a_o kingdom_n to_o betray_v the_o trust_n repose_v in_o they_o by_o raise_v their_o mean_n with_o dead_a pay_v and_o consequent_o stead_v the_o cause_n with_o dead_a service_n as_o also_o by_o disable_n their_o companion_n and_o fellow-soldier_n from_o do_v those_o duty_n which_o be_v requisite_a for_o want_v of_o due_a entertainment_n be_v a_o thing_n deserve_v a_o heavy_a censure_n and_o will_v doubtless_o fall_v out_o unto_o they_o as_o it_o do_v to_o these_o two_o brethren_n the_o sequel_n whereof_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o story_n cyâ—op_n and_o confirm_v that_o of_o xenophon_n dii_fw-la haud_fw-la impunita_fw-la relinquunt_fw-la impâ—a_fw-la &_o nefaria_fw-la hominum_fw-la facta_fw-la the_o god_n do_v not_o suffer_v the_o impiety_n and_o wickedness_n of_o man_n to_o escape_v unpunished_a chap._n xxii_o pompey_n attempt_v to_o break_v out_o put_v caesar_n party_n to_o great_a loss_n pompey_n be_v inform_v of_o these_o thing_n caesar_n &_o have_v former_o resolve_v to_o break_v out_o as_o be_v already_o declare_v give_v order_n to_o the_o soldier_n to_o make_v they_o cover_n for_o their_o morion_n of_o osier_n and_o to_o get_v some_o store_n of_o bavin_n and_o faggot_n which_o be_v prepare_v he_o ship_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o light-armed_n soldier_n and_o archer_n together_o with_o those_o faggot_n in_o skiff_n and_o galley_n and_o about_o midnight_n he_o draw_v threescore_o cohort_n out_o of_o the_o great_a camp_n and_o the_o place_n of_o garrison_n and_o send_v they_o to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o â—ortification_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o the_o sea_n and_o far_a off_o from_o caesar_n great_a camp_n thither_o also_o he_o send_v the_o ship_n beforementioned_a fill_v with_o light-armed_n man_n and_o faggot_n together_o with_o as_o many_o other_o galley_n as_o be_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o give_v direction_n how_o every_o man_n shall_v employ_v himself_o caesar_n have_v leave_v lentulus_n marcellinus_n the_o treasurer_n with_o the_o legion_n new_o enroll_v to_o keep_v that_o fortification_n who_o for_o that_o he_o be_v sickly_a and_o of_o a_o ill_a disposition_n of_o body_n have_v substitute_v fulvius_n posthumus_n as_o his_o coadjutor_n there_o be_v in_o that_o place_n a_o â—rench_n of_o fifteen_o foot_n deep_a and_o a_o rampire_n against_o the_o enemy_n of_o ten_o foot_n in_o 〈◊〉_d and_o as_o much_o in_o breadth_n and_o about_o six_o hundred_o
the_o helvetian_o have_v match_v his_o sister_n by_o his_o mother_n and_o other_o of_o his_o kâ—_n into_o other_o state_n for_o that_o affiâ—ty_a he_o favour_v and_o wish_v well_o to_o the_o helvetian_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n hate_v the_o roman_n and_o special_o caesar_n of_o all_o other_o for_o that_o by_o their_o come_n into_o gallia_n his_o power_n be_v weaken_v and_o divitiacus_n his_o brother_n restore_v to_o his_o ancient_a honour_n and_o dignity_n if_o any_o miscasualtie_n happen_v to_o the_o romansâ—is_n â—is_z hope_v be_v to_o obtain_v the_o principality_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o helvetian_o whereas_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o roman_n make_v he_o not_o only_o despair_v of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o also_o of_o the_o favour_n or_o what_o other_o thing_n soever_o he_o now_o enjoy_v and_o caesar_n have_v find_v out_o by_o inquiry_n that_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o slight_a when_o the_o cavalry_n be_v rout_v come_v from_o dumnorix_n and_o his_o horseman_n for_o he_o command_v those_o troop_n which_o the_o heduan_o have_v send_v to_o aid_n caesar_n and_o out_o of_o that_o disorder_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o cavalry_n take_v a_o fright_n which_o thing_n be_v discover_v forasmuch_o as_o these_o suspicion_n be_v second_v with_o matter_n of_o certainty_n in_o that_o he_o have_v bring_v the_o helvetian_o through_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o sequans_n have_v cause_v hostage_n to_o be_v give_v on_o either_o side_n and_o do_v all_o those_o thing_n not_o only_o without_o warrant_n from_o the_o state_n but_o without_o acquaint_v they_o therewith_o and_o last_o in_o that_o he_o be_v accuse_v by_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o heduan_o he_o think_v it_o cause_v sufficient_a for_o he_o to_o punish_v he_o or_o to_o command_v the_o state_n to_o do_v justice_n upon_o he_o one_o thing_n there_o be_v which_o may_v seem_v too_o oppugn_v all_o this_o the_o singular_a affection_n of_o divitiacus_n his_o brother_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o great_a love_n he_o bear_v particular_o to_o caesar_n his_o loyalty_n justice_n and_o temperance_n and_o therefore_o he_o fear_v least_o his_o punishment_n may_v any_o way_n alienate_v or_o offend_v divitiacus_n sincere_a affection_n and_o therefore_o before_o he_o do_v any_o thing_n he_o call_v divitiacus_n and_o put_v aside_o â—he_v ordinary_a interpreter_n he_o speak_v to_o he_o by_o m._n valerius_n procillus_n one_o of_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o province_n of_o gallia_n his_o familiar_a friend_n &_o who_o he_o special_o trust_v in_o matter_n of_o importance_n and_o take_v notice_n what_o dumnorix_n have_v utter_v in_o his_o presence_n at_o a_o council_n of_o the_o gall_n show_v also_o what_o information_n he_o have_v private_o receive_v concern_v he_o and_o therefore_o by_o way_n of_o advice_n desire_v that_o without_o any_o offence_n to_o he_o either_o he_o himself_o may_v call_v he_o in_o question_n or_o the_o state_n take_v some_o course_n in_o the_o same_o divitiacus_n embrace_v caesar_n with_o many_o tear_n beseech_v he_o not_o to_o take_v any_o severe_a course_n with_o his_o brother_n he_o know_v well_o that_o all_o those_o thing_n be_v true_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o man_n more_o grieve_v thereat_o then_o himself_o for_o whereas_o he_o have_v credit_n and_o reputation_n both_o at_o home_n and_o among_o other_o state_n of_o gallia_n and_o his_o brother_n be_v of_o small_a power_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o youth_n be_v by_o his_o aid_n and_o assistance_n grow_v into_o favour_n and_o authority_n he_o use_v those_o mean_n as_o a_o advantage_n not_o only_o to_o weaken_v his_o authority_n but_o to_o bring_v he_o to_o ruin_v and_o yet_o nevertheless_o he_o find_v himself_o overrule_v through_o brotherly_a affection_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o common_a people_n and_o if_o caesar_n shall_v take_v any_o strict_a account_n of_o these_o offence_n there_o be_v no_o man_n but_o will_v think_v it_o be_v do_v with_o his_o privity_n consider_v the_o place_n he_o hold_v in_o his_o favour_n whereupon_o will_v consequent_o follow_v on_o his_o behalf_n a_o general_a alienation_n and_o distaste_n of_o all_o gallia_n as_o he_o utter_v these_o thing_n with_o many_o other_o word_n accompany_v with_o tear_n caesar_z take_z his_o right_a hand_n 〈…〉_z comfort_v he_o and_o desire_v he_o to_o entreat_v no_o further_o for_o such_o be_v the_o respect_n he_o have_v unto_o he_o that_o for_o his_o sake_n and_o at_o his_o request_n he_o forgive_v both_o the_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o displeasure_n which_o he_o have_v just_o conceive_v for_o the_o same_o and_o thereupon_o call_v dumnorix_n before_o he_o and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o brother_n show_v he_o wherein_o he_o have_v deserve_v much_o blame_n and_o reproof_n tell_v he_o what_o he_o have_v understand_v and_o what_o the_o state_n complain_v on_o advise_v he_o to_o avoid_v all_o occasion_n of_o mislike_n for_o the_o future_a that_o which_o be_v past_a he_o have_v forgive_v he_o at_o divitiacus_n his_o brother_n entreaty_n howbeit_o he_o set_v espial_n upon_o he_o to_o observe_v his_o course_n that_o he_o may_v be_v inform_v what_o he_o do_v and_o with_o who_o he_o converse_v the_o same_o day_n understand_v by_o the_o discoverer_n that_o the_o enemy_n be_v lodge_v under_o a_o hill_n about_o eight_o mile_n from_o his_o camp_n he_o send_v some_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o of_o the_o ascent_n from_o about_o the_o same_o which_o be_v find_v &_o according_o report_v unto_o he_o to_o be_v very_o easy_a in_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o send_v away_o t._n labienus_n the_o legate_n with_o two_o legion_n and_o those_o guide_n that_o know_v the_o way_n command_v he_o to_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o top_n of_o that_o hill_n himself_o about_o the_o four_o watch_n march_v on_o after_o the_o enemy_n the_o same_o way_n they_o have_v go_v send_v all_o his_o horseman_n before_o p._n causidius_n that_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o great_a soldier_n first_o in_o the_o army_n of_o l._n sylla_n and_o afterward_o with_o m._n crassus_n be_v send_v before_o with_o the_o discoverer_n at_o the_o break_n of_o the_o day_n when_o labienus_n have_v get_v the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o himself_o be_v come_v within_o a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a of_o the_o helvetian_a camp_n without_o any_o notice_n to_o the_o enemy_n either_o of_o he_o or_o labienus_n approach_v as_o be_v afterward_o find_v by_o the_o captive_n causidius_n come_v run_v as_o fast_o as_o his_o horse_n can_v drive_v and_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o hill_n which_o labienus_n shall_v have_v take_v be_v hold_v by_o the_o gall_n which_o he_o perceive_v plain_o by_o the_o arm_n and_o ensign_n of_o the_o helvetian_o whereupon_o caesar_n draw_v his_o force_n to_o the_o next_o hill_n and_o imbattel_v the_o army_n labienus_n according_a to_o the_o direction_n he_o have_v from_o caesar_n not_o to_o fight_v unless_o he_o see_v his_o force_n near_o the_o enemy_n camp_n that_o they_o may_v both_o at_o the_o same_o time_n assault_v they_o from_o divers_a part_n at_o once_o when_o he_o have_v take_v the_o hill_n keep_v his_o man_n from_o battle_n expect_v our_o army_n at_o length_n when_o it_o be_v far_o in_o the_o day_n caesar_n understand_v by_o the_o discoverer_n that_o the_o hill_n be_v possess_v by_o his_o party_n as_o also_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v dislodge_v and_o that_o causidius_n be_v so_o astonish_v with_o fear_n that_o he_o report_v to_o have_v see_v that_o which_o he_o see_v not_o the_o same_o day_n he_o follow_v the_o enemy_n at_o the_o distance_n he_o have_v former_o use_v and_o encamp_v himself_o three_o mile_n from_o they_o the_o day_n follow_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o army_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o corn_n within_o two_o day_n next_o after_o and_o that_o he_o be_v but_o eighteen_o mile_n distant_a from_o bibract_n a_o great_a and_o opulent_a city_n of_o the_o heduan_o he_o turn_v aside_o from_o the_o helvetian_o and_o make_v towards_o bibract_n the_o first_o observation_n the_o get_n of_o this_o hill_n as_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n war_n be_v marvellous_a important_a to_o the_o happy_a success_n of_o the_o battle_n for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n be_v not_o only_o note_v as_o a_o especial_a cause_n of_o easy_a victory_n throughout_o this_o history_n but_o in_o all_o their_o war_n from_o the_o very_a cradle_n of_o their_o empire_n it_o clear_v their_o army_n from_o all_o difficulty_n to_o what_o extremity_n soever_o they_o be_v put_v the_o first_o reason_n may_v be_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o dart_n and_o sling_n and_o especial_o their_o pile_n which_o be_v a_o heavy_a deadly_a weapon_n can_v not_o any_o way_n be_v so_o available_a be_v cast_v countermont_n or_o in_o a_o plain_a level_n as_o when_o the_o declivity_n and_o downfall_n of_o a_o swell_a
therefore_o it_o be_v call_v agmen_fw-la quadratum_fw-la or_o a_o square_a march_n inasmuch_o as_o it_o keep_v the_o same_o disposition_n of_o part_n as_o be_v observe_v in_o quadrata_fw-la acie_n in_o a_o square_a body_n for_o that_o triple_a form_n of_o embattle_v which_o the_o roman_n general_o observe_v in_o their_o fight_n have_v respect_n to_o the_o distance_n between_o each_o battle_n contain_v almost_o a_o equal_a dimension_n of_o front_n and_o file_v and_o so_o it_o make_v aciem_fw-la quadratam_fw-la a_o square_a body_n and_o when_o it_o march_v agmen_fw-la quadratum_fw-la a_o square_a march_n polybius_n express_v the_o same_o in_o effect_n 6._o as_o often_o as_o the_o place_n require_v circumspection_n but_o alter_v it_o somewhat_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o carriage_n for_o he_o say_v that_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n especial_o where_o the_o country_n be_v plain_a and_o champain_n and_o give_v space_n and_o free_a scope_n to_o clear_v themselves_o upon_o any_o accident_n the_o roman_n march_v in_o a_o triple_a battle_n of_o equal_a distance_n one_o behind_o another_o every_o battle_n have_v his_o several_a carriage_n in_o front_n and_o if_o they_o be_v by_o chance_n attack_v by_o a_o enemy_n they_o turn_v themselves_o according_a to_o the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n either_o to_o the_o right_n of_o left_a hand_n and_o so_o place_v their_o carriage_n on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o their_o army_n they_o stand_v imbattel_v ready_a to_o receive_v the_o charge_n the_o contrary_a form_n of_o march_v where_o the_o place_n afford_v more_o security_n and_o give_v scope_n to_o conveniency_n longum_fw-la they_o name_v agmen_fw-la longum_fw-la a_o long_a march_n or_o train_n when_o almost_o every_o maniple_n or_o order_n have_v their_o several_a carriage_n attend_v upon_o they_o and_o strive_v to_o keep_v that_o way_n which_o they_o find_v most_o easy_a both_o for_o themselves_o and_o their_o impediment_n which_o order_n of_o march_n as_o it_o be_v more_o commodious_a than_o the_o former_a in_o regard_n of_o particularity_n so_o be_v it_o unsafe_a and_o dangerous_a where_o the_o enemy_n be_v expect_v gall._n and_o therefore_o caesar_n much_o blame_v sabinus_n and_o cotta_n for_o march_v when_o they_o be_v delude_v by_o ambiorix_n longissimo_fw-la agmine_fw-la in_o a_o very_a long_a train_n as_o though_o they_o have_v receive_v their_o advertisement_n from_o a_o friend_n and_o not_o from_o a_o enemy_n and_o albeit_o our_o modern_a war_n be_v far_o different_a in_o quality_n from_o they_o of_o ancient_a time_n war_n yet_o in_o this_o point_n of_o discipline_n they_o can_v have_v a_o more_o perfect_a direction_n then_o that_o which_o the_o roman_n observe_v as_o the_o two_o pole_n of_o their_o motion_n safety_n and_o conveniency_n whereof_o the_o first_o depend_v chief_o upon_o the_o provident_a disposition_n of_o the_o leader_n and_o the_o other_o will_v easy_o follow_v on_o as_o the_o commodity_n of_o every_o particular_a shall_v give_v occasion_n concern_v safety_n in_o place_n of_o danger_n what_o better_a course_n can_v be_v take_v then_o that_o manner_n of_o imbattel_v which_o shall_v be_v think_v most_o convenient_a if_o a_o enemy_n be_v present_a to_o confront_v they_o for_o a_o well-ordered_a march_n must_v either_o carry_v the_o perfect_a form_n of_o a_o battle_n or_o contain_v the_o distinct_a principle_n and_o element_n thereof_o that_o with_o little_a alteration_n it_o may_v receive_v that_o perfection_n of_o strength_n which_o the_o fit_a disposition_n can_v afford_v it_o first_o therefore_o a_o prudent_a and_o circumspect_a leader_n that_o desire_v to_o frame_v a_o strong_a and_o orderly_o march_v be_v diligent_o to_o observe_v the_o nature_n and_o use_n of_o each_o weapon_n in_o his_o army_n how_o they_o may_v be_v place_v for_o great_a use_n and_o advantage_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o different_a and_o concur_v quality_n as_o also_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o be_v manage_v and_o this_o knowledge_n will_v consequent_o infer_v the_o best_a and_o exact_a disposition_n of_o imbattel_v as_o the_o say_a force_n be_v capable_a of_o which_o if_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o a_o march_n be_v no_o way_n to_o be_v alter_v but_o if_o this_o exactness_n of_o imbattel_v will_v not_o admit_v convenient_a carriage_n of_o such_o necessary_a adjunct_n as_o pertain_v to_o a_o army_n the_o inconvenience_n be_v to_o be_v relieve_v with_o as_o little_a alteration_n from_o that_o rule_n as_o in_o a_o wary_a judgement_n shall_v be_v find_v expedient_a that_o albeit_o the_o form_n be_v somewhat_o change_v yet_o the_o principle_n and_o ground_n wherein_o their_o strength_n and_o safety_n consist_v may_v still_o be_v retain_v neither_o can_v any_o man_n well_o descend_v to_o more_o particular_a precept_n in_o this_o point_n he_o may_v exemplify_v the_o practice_n of_o many_o great_a and_o experience_a commander_n what_o sort_n of_o weapon_n march_v in_o front_n and_o what_o in_o the_o rearward_n in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o army_n the_o munition_n march_v and_o where_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o carriage_n be_v bestow_v according_a as_o their_o several_a judgement_n think_v most_o expedient_a in_o the_o particular_a nature_n of_o their_o occurrence_n but_o the_o issue_n of_o all_o will_v fall_v out_o thus_o that_o he_o that_o observe_v this_o rule_n before_o prescribe_v do_v seldom_o miscarry_v through_o a_o unsafe_a march_n let_v a_o good_a martia_n list_v well_o know_v their_o proper_a use_n in_o that_o diversity_n of_o weapon_n in_o his_o army_n how_o they_o be_v serviceable_a or_o disadvantageous_a in_o this_o or_o that_o place_n against_o such_o or_o such_o a_o enemy_n and_o he_o will_v speedy_o order_v his_o battle_n dispose_v of_o his_o march_n and_o bestow_v his_o carriage_n as_o shall_v best_o fall_v out_o both_o for_o his_o safety_n and_o conveniency_n caesar_n custom_n be_v to_o send_v his_o cavalry_n and_o light-armed_n footman_n before_o the_o body_n of_o his_o army_n both_o to_o discover_v and_o impeach_v a_o enemy_n for_o these_o troop_n be_v nimble_a in_o motion_n and_o fit_a for_o such_o service_n but_o if_o the_o danger_n be_v great_a in_o the_o rearward_n then_o in_o the_o front_n the_o horseman_n march_v in_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o army_n and_o give_v security_n where_o there_o be_v most_o cause_n of_o fear_n but_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v find_v unfit_a to_o make_v good_a the_o service_n in_o that_o place_n as_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o and_o especial_o in_o africa_n against_o the_o numidian_n he_o than_o remove_v they_o as_o he_o best_o find_v it_o convenient_a and_o bring_v his_o legionary_a soldier_n which_o be_v the_o sinew_n and_o strength_n of_o his_o force_n and_o march_v continual_o in_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o army_n to_o make_v good_a that_o which_o his_o horseman_n can_v not_o perform_v and_o thus_o he_o alter_v the_o antique_a prescription_n and_o uniformity_n of_o custom_n according_a as_o he_o find_v himself_o best_a able_a to_o disadvantage_n a_o enemy_n or_o make_v way_n to_o victory_n chap._n ix_o the_o roman_n begin_v to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n but_o be_v interrupt_v by_o the_o nervii_n caesar_n make_v haste_n to_o prepare_v his_o force_n to_o battle_n the_o roman_a horseman_n caesar_n with_o the_o slinger_n and_o archer_n pass_v over_o the_o river_n and_o encounter_v the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o at_o first_o retire_v back_o to_o their_o company_n in_o the_o wood_n and_o from_o thence_o sally_v out_o again_o upon_o they_o but_o the_o roman_n dare_v not_o pursue_v they_o further_o than_o the_o plain_a and_o open_a ground_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o six_o legion_n that_o be_v in_o front_n have_v their_o work_n measure_v out_o unto_o they_o begin_v to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o neâ—vii_n perceive_v their_o former_a carriage_n to_o be_v come_v in_o sight_n which_o be_v the_o time_n appoint_v among_o they_o to_o give_v the_o charge_n as_o they_o stand_v imbattel_v within_o the_o thicket_n so_o they_o rush_v out_o with_o all_o their_o force_n and_o assault_v the_o roman_a horseman_n which_o be_v easy_o beat_v back_o the_o nervii_n run_v down_o to_o the_o river_n with_o such_o a_o incredible_a swiftness_n that_o they_o seem_v at_o the_o same_o instant_n of_o time_n to_o be_v in_o the_o wood_n at_o the_o river_n and_o charge_v the_o legion_n on_o the_o other_o side_n for_o with_o the_o same_o violence_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n they_o run_v up_o the_o hill_n to_o the_o roman_a camp_n where_o the_o soldier_n be_v busy_v in_o their_o entrenchment_n caesar_n have_v all_o part_n to_o play_v at_o one_o instant_a the_o flag_n to_o be_v hang_v out_o by_o which_o they_o give_v the_o soldier_n warning_n to_o take_v arm_n the_o battle_n to_o be_v proclaim_v by_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n the_o soldier_n to_o be_v recall_v from_o their_o work_n and_o such_o as_o be_v go_v far_o
first_o meet_v withal_o there_o they_o stay_v lest_o in_o seek_v out_o their_o own_o company_n they_o shall_v lose_v that_o time_n as_o be_v to_o be_v spend_v in_o fight_v the_o army_n be_v imbattel_v rather_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n the_o declivity_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o the_o brevity_n of_o time_n then_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n as_o the_o legion_n encounter_v the_o enemy_n in_o divers_a place_n at_o once_o the_o perfect_a view_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v hinder_v by_o those_o thick_a hedge_n before_o speak_v of_o there_o can_v no_o succour_n be_v place_v any_o where_o neither_o can_v any_o man_n see_v what_o be_v needful_a to_o be_v do_v and_o therefore_o in_o so_o great_a uncertainty_n of_o thing_n there_o happen_v divers_a casualty_n of_o fortune_n the_o soldier_n of_o the_o nine_o and_o ten_o legion_n as_o they_o stand_v in_o the_o left_a part_n of_o the_o army_n cast_v their_o pile_n with_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o hill_n do_v drive_v the_o atrebates_n breathless_a with_o run_v and_o wound_v in_o the_o encounter_n down_o into_o the_o river_n and_o as_o they_o pass_v over_o the_o water_n slay_v many_o of_o they_o with_o their_o sword_n neither_o do_v they_o stick_v to_o follow_v after_o they_o over_o the_o river_n and_o adventure_v into_o a_o place_n of_o disadvantage_n where_o the_o battle_n be_v renew_v again_o by_o the_o enemy_n they_o put_v they_o to_o flight_v the_o second_o time_n in_o like_a manner_n two_o other_o legion_n the_o eleven_o and_o the_o eight_o have_v put_v the_o veromandui_n from_o the_o upper_a ground_n fight_v with_o they_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n and_o so_o the_o front_n and_o the_o left_a part_n of_o the_o camp_n be_v wellnear_o leave_v naked_a for_o in_o the_o right_a cornet_n be_v the_o twelve_o and_o seven_o legion_n whereas_o all_o the_o nervii_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o boduognatus_n be_v heap_v together_o and_o some_o of_o they_o begin_v to_o assault_v the_o legion_n on_o the_o open_a side_n and_o other_o some_o to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o camp_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o roman_a horseman_n and_o the_o light-armed_n footman_n that_o be_v intermingle_v among_o they_o and_o be_v at_o first_o all_o put_v to_o flight_n by_o the_o enemy_n as_o they_o be_v enter_v into_o the_o camp_n meet_v with_o their_o enemy_n in_o the_o face_n and_o so_o be_v drive_v to_o fly_v out_o another_o way_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o page_n and_o soldier_n boy_n that_o from_o the_o decumane_a port_n and_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n have_v see_v the_o ten_o legion_n follow_v their_o enemy_n in_o pursuit_n over_o the_o river_n and_o be_v go_v out_o to_o gather_v pillage_n when_o they_o look_v behind_o they_o and_o see_v the_o enemy_n in_o their_o camp_n betake_v they_o to_o their_o heel_n as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v at_o the_o same_o time_n rise_v a_o great_a hubbub_n and_o outcry_n of_o those_o that_o come_v along_o with_o the_o carriage_n who_o be_v extreme_o trouble_v and_o dismay_v at_o the_o business_n run_v some_o one_o way_n and_o some_o another_o which_o accident_n so_o terrify_v the_o horseman_n of_o the_o treviri_n who_o for_o their_o prowess_n be_v repute_v singular_a among_o the_o gall_n and_o be_v send_v thither_o by_o their_o state_n to_o aid_v the_o roman_n first_o when_o they_o perceive_v the_o roman_a camp_n to_o be_v poss_v by_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o legion_n to_o be_v overcharge_v and_o almost_o enclose_v about_o the_o horseman_n slinger_n and_o numidian_n to_o be_v disperse_v and_o flee_v that_o without_o any_o further_a expectation_n they_o take_v their_o way_n homeward_o and_o report_v to_o their_o state_n that_o the_o roman_n be_v utter_o overthrow_v and_o that_o the_o enemy_n have_v take_v their_o carriage_n caesar_n depart_v from_o the_o ten_o legion_n to_o the_o right_a cornet_n find_v his_o man_n exceed_o overcharge_v the_o ensign_n crowd_v together_o into_o one_o place_n and_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o twelve_o legion_n so_o thick_o throng_v on_o a_o heap_n that_o they_o hinder_v one_o another_o all_o the_o centurion_n of_o the_o four_o cohort_n be_v slay_v the_o ensign-bearer_n kill_v and_o the_o ensign_n take_v and_o the_o centurion_n of_o the_o other_o cohort_n either_o slay_v or_o sore_o wound_v among_o who_o pub._n sextus_n baculus_fw-la the_o primipile_n of_o that_o legion_n a_o valiant_a man_n so_o grievous_o wound_v that_o he_o can_v scarce_o stand_v upon_o his_o foot_n the_o rest_n not_o very_o forward_o but_o many_o of_o the_o hindmost_a turn_v tail_n and_o forsake_v the_o field_n the_o enemy_n 〈◊〉_d the_o other_o side_n give_v no_o respite_n in_o front_n although_o he_o fight_v against_o the_o hill_n nor_o yet_o spare_v the_o open_a side_n and_o the_o matter_n bring_v to_o a_o narrow_a issue_n without_o any_o mean_n or_o succour_n to_o relieve_v they_o he_o take_v a_o target_n from_o one_o of_o the_o hindmost_a soldier_n for_o he_o himself_o be_v come_v thither_o without_o one_o and_o press_v to_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n call_v the_o centurion_n by_o name_n and_o encourage_v the_o rest_n command_v the_o ensign_n to_o be_v advance_v towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o maniple_n to_o be_v enlarge_v that_o they_o may_v with_o great_a facility_n and_o readiness_n use_v their_o sword_n the_o first_o observation_n this_o publius_n sextus_n baculus_fw-la be_v the_o chief_a centurion_n of_o the_o twelve_o legion_n primipile_n be_v the_o first_o centurion_n of_o that_o maniple_n of_o the_o triarn_n that_o be_v of_o the_o first_o cohort_n in_o that_o legion_n for_o that_o place_n be_v the_o great_a dignity_n that_o can_v happen_v to_o a_o centurion_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o centurio_n primipili_fw-la or_o simple_o primipilus_fw-la and_o sometime_o primiopilus_n or_o primus_fw-la centurio_n by_o he_o be_v common_o publish_v the_o mandate_n and_o edict_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o tribune_n and_o therefore_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o centurion_n at_o all_o time_n have_v a_o eye_n unto_o he_o and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o eagle_n which_o be_v the_o peculiar_a ensign_n of_o every_o legion_n be_v commit_v to_o his_o charge_n and_o carry_v in_o his_o maniple_n neither_o be_v this_o dignity_n without_o special_a commodity_n as_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o divers_a author_n we_o read_v far_o that_o it_o be_v no_o disparagement_n for_o a_o tribune_n after_o his_o tribuneship_n be_v expire_v to_o be_v a_o primipile_n in_o a_o legion_n notwithstanding_o there_o be_v a_o law_n make_v i_o know_v not_o upon_o what_o occasion_n that_o no_o tribune_n shall_v afterward_o be_v primipile_n but_o let_v this_o suffice_v concern_v the_o office_n and_o title_n of_o p._n s._n baculus_fw-la the_o second_o observation_n and_o here_o i_o may_v not_o omit_v to_o give_v the_o target_n any_o honour_n i_o may_v describe_v and_o therefore_o i_o will_v take_v occasion_n to_o describe_v it_o in_o caesar_n hand_n as_o in_o the_o place_n of_o great_a dignity_n and_o much_o honour_v the_o excellency_n thereof_o polybius_n make_v the_o target_n to_o contain_v two_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a in_o breadth_n overthwart_o the_o convex_a surface_n thereof_o and_o the_o length_n four_o foot_n of_o what_o form_n or_o fashion_n soever_o they_o be_v of_o for_o the_o roman_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o target_n among_o their_o legionary_n the_o first_o carry_v the_o proportion_n of_o that_o figure_n which_o the_o geometrician_n call_v oval_a a_o figure_n of_o a_o unequal_a latitude_n broad_a in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o narrow_a at_o both_o the_o end_n like_v unto_o a_o egg_n describe_v in_o plano_fw-la the_o other_o sort_n be_v of_o a_o equal_a latitude_n and_o resemble_v the_o fashion_n of_o a_o gutter-tile_n and_o thereupon_o be_v call_v scutum_fw-la imbricatum_fw-la the_o matter_n whereof_o a_o target_n be_v make_v be_v a_o double_a board_n one_o fasten_v upon_o another_o with_o lint_n and_o bull_n glue_v and_o cover_v with_o a_o ox_n hide_v or_o some_o other_o stiff_a leather_n the_o upper_a and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o target_n be_v bind_v about_o with_o a_o plate_n of_o iron_n to_o keep_v it_o from_o cleave_v and_o in_o the_o midst_n there_o be_v a_o boss_n of_o iron_n or_o brass_n which_o they_o call_v umbo_n romulus_n bring_v they_o in_o first_o among_o the_o roman_n take_v the_o use_n of_o they_o from_o the_o sabine_n the_o wood_n whereof_o they_o be_v make_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n either_o sallow_a olde_n or_o figtree_n 40._o whereof_o pliny_n give_v this_o reason_n forasmuch_o as_o these_o tree_n be_v cold_a and_o waterish_a and_o therefore_o any_o blow_n or_o thrust_v that_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o wood_n be_v present_o contract_v and_o shut_v up_o again_o but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o
labour_n and_o thus_o we_o find_v the_o reason_n particular_o deliver_v that_o move_v caesar_n first_o to_o undertake_v the_o helvetian_a war_n and_o then_o the_o cause_n which_o draw_v he_o on_o to_o the_o quarrel_n with_o ariovistus_n then_o follow_v the_o necessity_n of_o that_o war_n with_o the_o belgae_n and_o now_o the_o motive_n which_o induce_v he_o to_o this_o with_o the_o maritime_a city_n of_o bretagne_n and_o so_o consequent_o of_o his_o passage_n into_o germany_n or_o what_o other_o enterprise_n he_o attempt_v which_o he_o lay_v down_o as_o the_o ground_n and_o occasion_n of_o those_o war_n and_o can_v not_o be_v avoid_v but_o with_o the_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n further_o let_v we_o observe_v the_o mean_n he_o use_v to_o prevent_v the_o inclination_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n and_o peaceable_a obedience_n by_o send_v his_o man_n into_o divers_a quarter_n of_o that_o continent_n and_o so_o settle_v the_o waver_a disposition_n of_o the_o further_a skirt_n with_o the_o weight_n of_o his_o army_n and_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o legionary_a soldier_n which_o he_o send_v ready_a to_o stifle_v all_o motion_n of_o rebellion_n in_o the_o beginning_n that_o they_o may_v not_o break_v out_o to_o the_o prejudice_n and_o diminution_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o good_a success_n of_o his_o proceed_n beside_o the_o advantage_n which_o he_o gain_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o he_o so_o little_o fear_v concern_v the_o upshot_n of_o that_o quarrel_n that_o he_o have_v disperse_v tâ—e_v great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n upon_o other_o service_n the_o rest_n be_v sufficient_a to_o end_v that_o war_n chap._n vi_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o their_o sea-sight_n the_o situation_n of_o almost_o all_o these_o city_n be_v such_o caesar_n that_o be_v build_v in_o point_n &_o promontory_n they_o can_v not_o at_o full_a sea_n which_o happen_v always_o twice_o in_o 12_o hour_n be_v approach_v by_o foot-force_n nor_o yet_o with_o ship_v for_o again_o in_o a_o ebb_n the_o vessel_n be_v lay_v on_o the_o grounâ—_n and_o so_o leave_v as_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o if_o the_o roman_n go_v about_o to_o shut_v out_o the_o sea_n with_o mount_n which_o they_o raise_v equal_a to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n and_o be_v at_o the_o point_n of_o enter_v and_o take_v it_o yet_o the_o townsman_n have_v such_o store_n of_o ship_v will_v easy_o convey_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o carriage_n into_o the_o next_o town_n and_o there_o help_v themselves_o with_o the_o like_a advantage_n of_o place_n and_o thus_o they_o delude_v caesar_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o summer_n for_o the_o roman_a fleet_n by_o reason_n of_o continual_a wind_n and_o foul_a weather_n dare_v not_o adventure_v to_o put_v out_o of_o the_o river_n loire_n into_o so_o vast_a a_o sea_n wherein_o the_o haven_n and_o road_n be_v few_o and_o far_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o and_o the_o tide_n great_a the_o ship_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v thus_o build_v and_o rig_v the_o keel_n be_v somewhat_o flatter_v then_o the_o roman_n ship_v the_o better_a to_o bear_v the_o ebb_n and_o shallows_n of_o that_o coast_n the_o fore-deck_a be_v altogether_o erect_v and_o perpendicular_a the_o poop_n be_v make_v to_o bear_v the_o hugeness_n of_o the_o billow_n and_o the_o force_n of_o the_o tempest_n and_o in_o a_o word_n they_o be_v altogether_o build_v for_o strength_n for_o the_o rib_n and_o seat_n be_v make_v of_o beam_n of_o a_o foot_n square_a fasten_v with_o iron_n pin_n of_o a_o inch_n thick_a in_o stead_n of_o cable_n they_o use_v chain_n of_o iron_n and_o raw_a hide_n and_o skin_n for_o sail_n either_o for_o want_v of_o linen_n or_o ignorant_a of_o the_o use_n thereof_o or_o because_o sail_n of_o linen_n will_v hardly_o serve_v to_o carry_v ship_n of_o that_o burden_n or_o endure_v the_o tempestuousnesse_n of_o those_o sea_n and_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n the_o meeting_n and_o conflict_n of_o the_o roman_a navy_n with_o this_o kind_n of_o ship_n be_v such_o that_o they_o only_o excel_v they_o in_o celerity_n and_o speedy_a nimbleness_n with_o force_n of_o oar_n but_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n either_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n or_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o foul_a weather_n be_v far_o inferior_a unto_o they_o for_o the_o strength_n of_o they_o be_v such_o that_o they_o can_v neither_o hurt_v they_o with_o their_o beak-head_n nor_o cast_v a_o weapon_n to_o any_o purpose_n into_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o altitude_n and_o high-built_a bulk_n and_o if_o any_o gust_n chance_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o rise_v that_o force_v they_o to_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o weather_n their_o ship_n will_v better_o bear_v the_o rage_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o with_o great_a safety_n shelter_v itself_o among_o flat_n and_o shallows_n without_o fear_n of_o rock_n or_o any_o such_o hazard_n of_o all_o which_o chance_v the_o roman_a navy_n stand_v continual_o in_o danger_n observation_n and_o here_o let_v it_o not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o the_o argument_n which_o we_o handle_v sea_n consider_v the_o general_a use_n which_o we_o islander_n have_v of_o navigation_n brief_o to_o set_v down_o the_o most_o eminent_a cause_n of_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o shall_v seem_v necessary_a to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o soldier_n which_o albeit_o they_o may_v fall_v short_a of_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o this_o great_a secret_a yet_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o stand_v for_o true_a principle_n of_o regularity_n and_o well-approved_n rule_v in_o our_o art_n of_o navigation_n let_v we_o take_v they_o for_o no_o less_o than_o they_o effect_v and_o give_v they_o that_o credit_n in_o our_o imagination_n which_o tract_n of_o time_n have_v gain_v to_o those_o forge_a circle_n in_o the_o heaven_n that_o albeit_o their_o chief_a essence_n consist_v in_o conceit_n and_o supposal_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o serve_v to_o direct_v our_o knowledge_n to_o a_o certainty_n in_o that_o variety_n and_o seem_a inconstancy_n of_o motion_n we_o esteem_v of_o they_o as_o they_o effect_v and_o not_o as_o they_o be_v consider_v then_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o world_n as_o it_o make_v a_o right_a sphere_n for_o in_o that_o position_n the_o naturalist_n chief_o understand_v celestial_a influence_n to_o have_v operation_n in_o this_o liquid_a element_n of_o the_o water_n it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o horizon_n and_o meridian_n into_o four_o quarter_n the_o first_o quarter_n be_v that_o between_o the_o east_n horizon_n and_o the_o noon_n meridian_n which_o they_o call_v a_o flow_a quarter_n the_o second_o from_o the_o noon_n meridian_n to_o the_o west_n horizon_n which_o they_o make_v a_o ebb_a quarter_n the_o three_o from_o the_o west_n horizon_n to_o the_o midnight_n meridian_n which_o they_o likewise_o call_v a_o flow_a quarter_n and_o again_o from_o the_o midnight_n meridian_n to_o the_o east_n horizon_n the_o second_o ebb_a quarter_n and_o so_o they_o make_v two_o flow_a quarter_n and_o two_o ebb_a quarter_n of_o the_o whole_a circuit_n of_o heaven_n the_o instrument_n of_o these_o sensible_a quality_n and_o contrary_a effect_n be_v the_o sun_n and_o the_o moon_n as_o they_o be_v carry_v through_o these_o distinct_a distinct_a part_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o although_o experience_n have_v note_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v of_o great_a power_n in_o watery_a motion_n yet_o we_o may_v not_o omit_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o force_n which_o the_o sun_n yield_v in_o this_o miracle_n of_o nature_n first_o therefore_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o when_o the_o moon_n or_o the_o sun_n begin_v to_o appear_v above_o the_o right_a horizon_n and_o enter_v into_o that_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o i_o term_v the_o first_o flow_v quarter_n that_o then_o the_o sea_n begin_v to_o swell_v and_o as_o they_o mount_v up_o to_o their_o meridian_n altitude_n so_o it_o increase_v until_o it_o come_v to_o a_o high_a flood_n and_o again_o as_o those_o light_n pass_v the_o meridian_n decline_v to_o the_o west_n and_o run_v the_o circuit_n of_o the_o ebb_a quarter_n so_o the_o water_n decrease_v and_o return_v again_o from_o whence_o it_o come_v again_o as_o they_o set_v under_o the_o west_n horizon_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o second_o flow_v quarter_n so_o the_o sea_n begin_v again_o to_o flow_v and_o still_o increase_v until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o night_n meridian_n and_o then_o again_o it_o reflow_v according_a as_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v carry_v in_o the_o other_o ebb_a quarter_n from_o the_o night_n meridian_n to_o the_o west_n horizon_n and_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o conjunction_n or_o new_a of_o the_o moon_n spring-tide_n when_o the_o
in_o his_o army_n who_o he_o persuade_v with_o great_a reward_n and_o further_a promise_n to_o fly_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o there_o to_o carry_v himself_o according_a to_o the_o instruction_n which_o he_o shall_v give_v he_o this_o gall_n come_v as_o a_o revolter_v to_o the_o enemy_n lay_v open_a unto_o they_o the_o fear_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o extremity_n that_o caesar_n be_v drive_v into_o by_o the_o veneti_n and_o that_o the_o night_n follow_v sabinus_n be_v about_o to_o withdraw_v his_o force_n secret_o out_o of_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o make_v all_o the_o haste_n he_o can_v to_o relieve_v caesar_n upon_o which_o advertisement_n they_o all_o cry_v out_o with_o one_o consent_n that_o this_o opportunity_n be_v not_o to_o be_v omit_v but_o set_v apart_o all_o other_o devise_n they_o will_v go_v and_o assault_v the_o roman_a camp_n many_o circumstance_n persuade_v the_o gall_n to_o this_o resolution_n as_o first_o the_o linger_a and_o doubt_n which_o sabinus_n have_v make_v when_o he_o be_v offer_v battle_n second_o the_o intelligence_n which_o this_o fugitive_n have_v bring_v three_o the_o want_n of_o victual_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v negligent_a and_o unadvised_o careless_a four_a the_o hope_n they_o conceive_v of_o the_o war_n of_o vannes_n and_o last_o for_o that_o man_n willing_o believe_v that_o which_o they_o will_v have_v come_v to_o pass_v the_o force_n of_o these_o motive_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v viridovix_n nor_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o captain_n to_o dismiss_v the_o council_n until_o they_o have_v yield_v that_o they_o shall_v take_v arm_n and_o go_v to_o the_o roman_a camp_n which_o be_v grant_v they_o gather_v rubbish_n and_o faggot_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n and_o with_o cheerful_a heart_n as_o though_o the_o victory_n be_v already_o get_v they_o march_v to_o the_o place_n where_o sabinus_n be_v encamp_v which_o be_v the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n rise_v gentle_o from_o a_o level_n the_o quantity_n of_o one_o thousand_o pase_n hither_o the_o gall_n haste_v with_o all_o expedition_n and_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o roman_n may_v not_o have_v so_o much_o time_n as_o to_o put_v on_o their_o armour_n the_o gall_n for_o haste_n run_v themselves_o out_o of_o breath_n sabinus_n encourage_v his_o soldier_n give_v the_o sign_n of_o battle_n and_o sally_v out_o at_o two_o several_a gate_n of_o his_o camp_n upon_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v hinder_v with_o their_o load_n of_o rubbish_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o through_o the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n the_o weariness_n and_o unexperience_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n and_o their_o exercise_n informer_n battle_n that_o the_o gall_n can_v not_o endure_v the_o brunt_n of_o the_o first_o encounter_n but_o present_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n we_o be_v fresh_a and_o lusty_a pursue_v after_o and_o slay_v great_a number_n of_o they_o then_o chase_v their_o horse_n suffer_v very_o few_o of_o they_o to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n and_o so_o it_o happen_v that_o at_o one_o time_n sabinus_n have_v news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n at_o sea_n and_o caesar_n of_o sabinus_n victory_n by_o land_n upon_o these_o victory_n all_o the_o city_n and_o state_n yield_v themselves_o to_o titurius_n for_o as_o the_o gall_n be_v prompt_a to_o undertake_v a_o war_n so_o be_v they_o weak_a in_o suffer_v and_o impatient_a of_o the_o consequent_n and_o calamity_n thereof_o observation_n this_o practice_n of_o a_o counterfeit_a fear_n be_v often_o put_v in_o use_n by_o the_o roman_a leader_n fear_n as_o well_o to_o disappoint_v the_o expectation_n of_o a_o enemy_n as_o to_o draw_v they_o into_o a_o inconvenience_n and_o so_o to_o defeat_v they_o of_o their_o great_a help_n in_o time_n of_o battle_n caesar_n come_v to_o succour_v the_o camp_n of_o cicero_n 5._o make_v such_o use_n of_o this_o art_n that_o he_o put_v to_o rout_n a_o great_a army_n of_o the_o gall_n with_o a_o handful_n of_o man_n which_o i_o will_v refer_v unto_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v particular_o set_v down_o by_o caesar_n the_o chief_a thing_n in_o this_o place_n which_o bring_v they_o to_o their_o overthrow_n be_v disappointment_n for_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n hardly_o to_o be_v digest_v in_o business_n of_o small_a consequence_n to_o be_v frustrate_v of_o a_o settle_a expectation_n when_o the_o mind_n shall_v dispose_v herself_o to_o one_o only_a intent_n and_o in_o the_o upshot_n meet_v with_o a_o counterbuff_n to_o cross_v her_o purpose_n and_o so_o defeat_v she_o of_o that_o hope_n which_o the_o strength_n of_o her_o reason_n have_v entertain_v how_o much_o more_o than_o in_o thing_n of_o such_o importance_n when_o we_o shall_v proceed_v in_o a_o course_n of_o victory_n and_o humour_n our_o conceit_n with_o that_o we_o wish_v and_o will_v have_v to_o happen_v and_o in_o the_o end_n meet_v either_o with_o bondage_n or_o death_n must_v our_o best_a wit_n be_v appall_v have_v neither_o respite_n nor_o mean_n to_o think_v how_o the_o evil_a may_v be_v best_a prevent_v which_o the_o wise_a roman_n well_o understand_v and_o count_v it_o no_o dishonour_n to_o be_v reproach_v with_o shameful_a cowardice_n by_o such_o as_o know_v not_o the_o secret_n of_o wisdom_n while_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n foresee_v their_o good_a fortune_n shroud_v under_o the_o cloak_n of_o a_o pretend_a distrust_n let_v these_o example_n instruct_v a_o leader_n so_o to_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o any_o such_o fortune_n that_o in_o the_o execution_n he_o omit_v not_o the_o chief_a point_n of_o order_n and_o discipline_n as_o well_o for_o the_o better_a effect_v of_o the_o design_n as_o for_o his_o own_o safety_n and_o the_o security_n of_o his_o army_n for_o order_n be_v as_o the_o sinew_n and_o strength_n of_o martial_a discipline_n unite_n the_o particular_a member_n into_o the_o firm_a composition_n of_o a_o wel-proportioned_n body_n and_o so_o it_o make_v it_o more_o powerful_a than_o any_o number_n of_o disunit_a part_n how_o able_a or_o infinite_a soever_o i_o may_v here_o allege_v infinite_a example_n to_o confirm_v this_o truth_n but_o let_v the_o battle_n of_o dreux_n serve_v for_o all_o wherein_o the_o protestant_n overcharge_v the_o catholic_n army_n followed_z the_o retreat_z so_o hard_o that_o they_o quick_o become_v master_n of_o the_o field_n and_o then_o neglect_v martial_a discipline_n fall_v in_o confuse_o with_o the_o break_a multitude_n to_o make_v the_o victory_n more_o glorious_a by_o slaughter_n and_o mortality_n the_o duke_n of_o guise_n all_o this_o while_n bodge_v not_o a_o foot_n but_o in_o unexampled_a patience_n keep_v his_o regiment_n close_o together_o and_o will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o rescue_v their_o general_n that_o be_v take_v until_o the_o regiment_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o condie_n be_v likewise_o disperse_v and_o break_v and_o then_o perceive_v no_o difference_n of_o order_n between_o the_o victor_n protestant_n and_o the_o vanquish_a catholic_n he_o dissolve_v that_o terrible_a cloud_n that_o have_v hang_v so_o long_o in_o suspense_n and_o so_o change_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o day_n that_o he_o take_v the_o chief_a of_o their_o prince_n prisoner_n with_o little_a or_o no_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o man_n so_o powerful_a be_v order_n in_o the_o deed_n of_o arm_n and_o of_o such_o consequence_n in_o obtain_v victory_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v first_o see_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o a_o counterfeit_a fear_n well_o dissemble_v may_v cast_v upon_o a_o credulous_a and_o unadvised_a enemy_n when_o pretence_n and_o appearance_n have_v bring_v they_o into_o a_o error_n which_o their_o own_o credulity_n do_v afterward_o avouch_v and_o second_o what_o strength_n and_o safety_n consist_v in_o order_n and_o how_o powerful_a it_o be_v to_o throw_v down_o and_o to_o set_v up_o chap._n ix_o the_o proceed_n of_o crassus_n in_o aquitanie_n at_o the_o same_o instant_n of_o time_n it_o happen_v also_o caesar_n that_o pub._n crassus_n come_v into_o aquitania_n which_o both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o large_a extension_n of_o the_o country_n as_o also_o for_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v name_v the_o three_o part_n of_o gallia_n and_o consider_v that_o he_o be_v to_o make_v war_n in_o those_o part_n where_o l._n valerius_n praeconius_n the_o legate_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o army_n overthrow_v and_o where_o lucius_n manlius_n be_v fain_o to_o fly_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o carriage_n he_o think_v that_o his_o affair_n require_v no_o mean_a diligence_n and_o therefore_o have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n and_o muster_v many_o auxiliary_a force_n and_o evocati_fw-la send_v for_o many_o valiant_a and_o prudent_a man_n by_o name_n from_o tolouse_n carcasone_n and_o narbone_n city_n border_v upon_o the_o province_n he_o carry_v his_o army_n into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o sontiate_n which_o be_v no_o
such_o service_n now_o these_o be_v hâ—s_v qualify_v and_o draw_v into_o one_o head_n and_o be_v to_o make_v as_o it_o be_v but_o one_o body_n how_o can_v it_o be_v reasonable_o imagine_v the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o their_o attempt_n be_v uncertain_a that_o the_o defendant_n shall_v equal_v they_o with_o force_n of_o like_a virtue_n and_o experience_n these_o be_v the_o reason_n which_o may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o disadvantage_n which_o they_o have_v that_o go_v about_o to_o oppose_v a_o enemy_n at_o his_o land_n the_o rest_n that_o have_v be_v urge_v by_o such_o as_o maintain_v â—his_fw-la opinion_n be_v either_o 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o question_n or_o take_v altogether_o from_o false_a ground_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o answer_n of_o these_o reason_n i_o will_v â—ay_n this_o down_o for_o a_o principle_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o foreign_a prince_n how_o puissant_a soever_o to_o make_v such_o a_o preparation_n as_o shall_v be_v fit_v to_o invade_v a_o state_n so_o populous_a and_o respective_a of_o their_o sovereign_n notwithstanding_o the_o pretence_n devise_v to_o dissemble_v the_o same_o but_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v discover_v before_o it_o can_v be_v make_v able_a to_o put_v any_o thing_n in_o execution_n which_o i_o may_v enlarge_v by_o particularise_v the_o infinite_a equipage_n which_o be_v require_v for_o so_o great_a a_o fleet_n but_o i_o will_v rest_v myself_o in_o the_o example_n of_o the_o year_n eighty_o eight_o which_o prove_v the_o discovery_n of_o the_o pretend_a invasion_n before_o it_o can_v come_v to_o execution_n concern_v therefore_o the_o first_o objection_n objection_n it_o can_v indeed_o be_v deny_v but_o the_o place_n of_o the_o enemy_n land_v will_v be_v doubtful_a and_o therefore_o our_o â—â—re_n must_v general_o extend_v itself_o to_o all_o place_n of_o access_n but_o that_o our_o defensive_a force_n be_v not_o sufficient_a in_o a_o competent_a manner_n to_o guard_v all_o such_o place_n according_a as_o the_o necessity_n of_o they_o shall_v require_v that_o be_v the_o point_n in_o question_n to_o prove_v that_o our_o force_n be_v sufficient_a we_o must_v necessary_o enter_v into_o particularity_n wherein_o i_o will_v take_v kent_n for_o a_o precedent_n as_o not_o altogether_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o state_n thereof_o which_o if_o i_o deceive_v not_o myself_o be_v a_o shore_n of_o as_o large_a extension_n upon_o the_o maritime_a part_n as_o any_o other_o within_o this_o kingdom_n for_o the_o breadth_n thereof_o enlarge_n itself_o from_o the_o point_n of_o nâ—sse_n by_o lyd_n which_o be_v the_o uttermost_a skirt_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o sussex_n unto_o margate_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o essex_n be_v by_o computation_n about_o twenty_o four_o mile_n but_o notwithstanding_o this_o large_a circuit_n who_o know_v not_o that_o the_o six_o part_n thereof_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o land_n of_o such_o a_o enemy_n as_o we_o speak_v of_o partly_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o hugeness_n of_o the_o cliff_n which_o do_v enclose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o skirt_n and_o partly_o in_o regard_n that_o much_o of_o that_o quantity_n which_o may_v be_v land_v upon_o have_v such_o eminent_a and_o difficult_a place_n near_o adjoin_v as_o a_o army_n that_o shall_v put_v itself_o there_o on_o shore_n shall_v find_v itself_o be_v oppose_v but_o by_o a_o small_a force_n so_o streighten_v as_o they_o will_v not_o easy_o find_v a_o way_n out_o without_o apparent_a ruin_n of_o their_o whole_a force_n further_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o general_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o kent_n there_o be_v so_o many_o rock_n shelf_n flat_n and_o other_o impediment_n that_o a_o navy_n of_o great_a ship_n can_v have_v no_o commodity_n to_o anchor_n near_o the_o shore_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o coast_n lie_v so_o open_a to_o the_o weather_n that_o the_o least_o gale_n of_o wind_n will_v put_v they_o from_o their_o anchor_n all_o which_o particularity_n due_o consider_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o this_o large_a skâ—â—t_n of_o kent_n will_v afford_v a_o far_o lesser_a part_n fit_v for_o the_o land_n of_o a_o army_n than_o be_v think_v of_o at_o the_o first_o and_o be_v it_o that_o so_o public_a a_o treatise_n as_o this_o be_v will_v admit_v with_o good_a discretion_n such_o a_o exact_a relation_n as_o fall_v within_o my_o knowledge_n concern_v this_o point_n i_o will_v undertake_v to_o make_v it_o so_o evident_a by_o the_o particular_a description_n both_o of_o the_o number_n quantity_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o place_n themselves_o as_o no_o man_n of_o a_o indifferent_a judgement_n will_v imagine_v our_o force_n to_o be_v insufficient_a to_o afford_v every_o of_o they_o such_o a_o safe_a and_o sure_a guard_n as_o shall_v â—e_v think_v requisite_a for_o the_o same_o but_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v unfitting_a to_o give_v such_o particular_a satisfaction_n in_o this_o public_a discourse_n give_v i_o leave_v submit_v myself_o always_o to_o better_a judgement_n to_o give_v a_o general_a taste_n of_o that_o mean_n as_o will_v secure_v all_o place_n with_o a_o competent_a number_n of_o man_n have_v show_v you_o before_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o maritime_a part_n of_o keâ—t_n i_o will_v observe_v this_o order_n first_o to_o make_v a_o triple_a division_n of_o all_o such_o force_n as_o shall_v be_v appoint_v for_o this_o service_n as_o for_o example_n i_o will_v suppose_v the_o number_n to_o be_v twelve_o thousand_o of_o which_o i_o will_v lodge_v three_o thousand_o about_o the_o point_n of_o nesse_n and_o three_o thousand_o about_o margate_n and_o six_o thousand_o about_o fâ—ulksâ—on_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o centre_n for_o my_o great_a care_n shall_v be_v so_o to_o dispose_v of_o they_o as_o they_o may_v not_o only_o succour_v one_o another_o in_o the_o same_o shire_n but_o as_o every_o shire_n lorder_v one_o upon_o another_o so_o they_o shall_v mutual_o give_v help_v one_o unto_o another_o as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v as_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v attempt_v a_o land_n about_o nesse_n not_o only_o the_o six_o thousand_o lodge_v as_o before_o shall_v march_v to_o their_o succour_n but_o such_o also_o of_o the_o sussex_n force_v as_o be_v near_o unto_o that_o part_n and_o so_o likewise_o of_o the_o â—est_n by_o which_o you_o may_v see_v how_o great_a a_o force_n will_v in_o few_o hour_n â—e_v assemble_v for_o the_o renforce_n of_o any_o of_o these_o out-skirt_n and_o the_o rather_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o whole_a force_n be_v thus_o lodge_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o shire_n which_o be_v near_o to_o all_o part_n then_o any_o other_o place_n whatsoever_o there_o will_v also_o in_o the_o quarter_a of_o they_o a_o especial_a care_n â—e_v have_v to_o the_o place_n of_o danger_n as_o may_v be_v answerable_a to_o the_o importance_n thereof_o for_o my_o meaning_n be_v not_o to_o lodge_v they_o close_o together_o but_o to_o stretch_v they_o out_o along_o the_o coast_n by_o regiment_n and_o company_n as_o the_o country_n may_v afford_v best_a opportunity_n to_o entertain_v they_o now_o concern_v the_o late_a part_n of_o this_o objection_n which_o urge_v the_o uncertainty_n of_o time_n when_o the_o enemy_n shall_v make_v his_o approach_n i_o hold_v it_o most_o requisite_a that_o our_o defensive_a force_n shall_v be_v draw_v into_o a_o head_n before_o the_o enemy_n shall_v be_v discover_v near_o our_o coast_n ready_a to_o put_v himself_o on_o shore_n for_o it_o be_v a_o gross_a absurdity_n to_o imagine_v that_o company_n can_v upon_o such_o a_o sudden_a be_v assemble_v without_o confusion_n and_o make_v so_o long_a a_o maâ—ch_n with_o such_o expedition_n as_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o occasion_n will_v require_v now_o for_o that_o husband_n respect_n of_o her_o majesty_n 〈◊〉_d which_o â—s_v urge_v to_o such_o extremity_n as_o it_o will_v be_v unsupportable_a for_o this_o state_n to_o â—eâ—r_n as_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o good_a intelligence_n will_v much_o qualify_v that_o suppose_a immoderate_a expense_n so_o i_o assure_v myself_o that_o man_n of_o â—ound_a judgement_n will_v deem_v it_o much_o out_o of_o season_n to_o dispute_v about_o unnecessary_a thrift_n when_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v bring_v in_o question_n of_o be_v make_v subject_a to_o a_o stranger_n ut_fw-la juguleâ—â—_n homines_fw-la surgunt_fw-la de_fw-la nocte_fw-la latrones_fw-la non_fw-la expergâ—scerâ—s_fw-la ut_fw-la te_fw-la â—psum_fw-la serve_v thief_n rise_v by_o night_n to_o cut_v the_o throat_n of_o man_n will_v not_o thou_o then_o arise_v to_o save_v thyself_o the_o enemy_n peradventure_o have_v keep_v thirty_o thousand_o man_n in_o pay_n two_o month_n before_o to_o make_v havoc_n of_o our_o country_n and_o to_o â—ring_v we_o into_o perpetual_a thraldom_n shall_v we_o 〈◊〉_d it_o much_o to_o maintain_v sufficient_a force_n upon_o 〈◊〉_d coast_n to_o assure_v
ourselves_o that_o no_o such_o 〈◊〉_d shall_v enter_v into_o our_o country_n the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o this_o charge_n will_v be_v qualify_v by_o our_o good_a 〈◊〉_d which_o will_v proportion_v our_o attendance_n with_o the_o necessity_n which_o be_v impose_v upon_o we_o to_o be_v careful_a in_o business_n of_o this_o nature_n let_v this_o suffice_v therefore_o to_o prove_v that_o our_o force_n be_v sufficient_a to_o keep_v the_o sea-coast_n and_o that_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o time_n when_o the_o enemy_n will_v make_v his_o attempt_n ought_v not_o to_o hinder_v we_o from_o perform_v that_o duty_n which_o the_o care_n and_o respect_n of_o our_o prince_n and_o country_n impose_v upon_o every_o good_a subject_n which_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o first_o reason_n which_o i_o set_v down_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o discourse_n now_o concern_v the_o second_o reason_n reason_n which_o urge_v the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o place_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o enemy_n artillery_n true_a it_o be_v that_o such_o place_n as_o yield_v the_o enemy_n commodity_n of_o land_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n plain_a and_o open_a and_o afford_v natural_o no_o covert_n at_o all_o what_o then_o shall_v a_o soldier_n take_v every_o place_n as_o he_o find_v it_o and_o use_v no_o art_n to_o qualify_v the_o disadvantage_n thereof_o or_o shall_v a_o man_n forgo_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n rather_o than_o he_o will_v relieve_v with_o industry_n the_o discommodity_n of_o some_o particular_a circumstance_n i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o a_o ingenious_a commander_n be_v in_o seasonable_a time_n lodge_v with_o convenient_a force_n upon_o any_o of_o those_o place_n yea_o upon_o the_o beach_n itself_o which_o be_v as_o unapt_a to_o make_v defensible_a as_o any_o place_n whatsoever_o will_v use_v such_o industry_n as_o may_v give_v sufficient_a security_n to_o his_o force_n and_o over-weigh_a the_o enemy_n with_o advantage_n of_o place_n especial_o consider_v that_o this_o age_n have_v afford_v such_o plentiful_a example_n of_o admirable_a invention_n in_o that_o behalf_n but_o this_o can_v be_v do_v if_o our_o force_n do_v not_o make_v head_n before_o the_o instant_n of_o the_o enemy_n attempt_n that_o our_o commander_n may_v have_v some_o time_n to_o make_v ready_a store_n of_o gabioâ—s_n and_o hand-basket_n with_o such_o movable_a matter_n as_o shall_v be_v think_v fit_a for_o that_o service_n neither_o let_v this_o trouble_v any_o man_n for_o i_o dare_v avouch_v it_o that_o if_o our_o force_n be_v not_o draw_v into_o a_o head_n before_o the_o enemy_n be_v discover_v upon_o the_o coast_n although_o we_o never_o mean_v to_o oppose_v their_o land_n but_o attend_v they_o in_o some_o inland_n place_n to_o give_v they_o battle_n our_o commander_n will_v be_v far_o to_o seek_v of_o many_o important_a circumstance_n which_o be_v requisite_a in_o a_o matter_n of_o that_o consequence_n and_o therefore_o let_v we_o have_v but_o a_o reasonable_a time_n to_o bethink_v ourselves_o of_o these_o necessary_n and_o we_o will_v easy_o overcome_v all_o these_o difficulty_n and_o use_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o firm_a land_n to_o repel_v a_o enemy_n weaken_v with_o the_o sea_n toss_v with_o the_o billow_n trouble_v with_o his_o weapon_n with_o many_o other_o hindrance_n and_o discouragement_n which_o be_v present_v unto_o he_o both_o from_o the_o land_n and_o the_o sea_n he_o that_o see_v the_o land_n of_o our_o force_n in_o the_o island_n of_o fiall_n in_o the_o year_n ninety_o seven_o can_v somewhat_o judge_v of_o the_o difficulty_n of_o that_o matter_n for_o what_o with_o the_o work_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o steepnesse_n of_o the_o cliff_n and_o the_o troublesomnesse_n of_o their_o arm_n the_o soldier_n be_v so_o encumber_v that_o have_v not_o the_o enemy_n be_v more_o than_o a_o coward_n he_o may_v well_o with_o two_o hundred_o man_n have_v keep_v we_o from_o enter_v any_o part_n of_o that_o island_n concern_v the_o three_o objection_n reason_n this_o brief_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a that_o we_o be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o regard_v that_o our_o force_n do_v equal_a they_o in_o number_n as_o to_o see_v that_o they_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n to_o make_v it_o good_a against_o the_o enemy_n land_v for_o we_o know_v that_o in_o place_n of_o advantage_n and_o difficult_a access_n a_o small_a number_n be_v able_a to_o oppose_v a_o great_a and_o we_o doubt_v not_o but_o all_o circumstance_n due_o consider_v we_o shall_v proportionable_o equal_v the_o enemy_n both_o in_o number_n and_o quality_n of_o their_o force_n always_o presuppose_v that_o our_o state_n shall_v never_o be_v destitute_a of_o sufficient_a force_n train_v and_o exercise_v in_o a_o competent_a manner_n to_o defend_v their_o country_n from_o foreign_a enemy_n for_o the_o neglect_n thereof_o be_v to_o draw_v on_o such_o as_o of_o themselves_o be_v but_o too_o forward_o to_o make_v a_o prey_n of_o we_o and_o to_o make_v we_o unapt_a not_o only_o to_o oppose_v a_o enemy_n land_v but_o to_o defend_v ourselves_o from_o be_v overrun_v as_o other_o nation_n live_v in_o security_n without_o due_a regard_n thereof_o have_v be_v and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o answer_n to_o those_o three_o reason_n which_o seem_v to_o prove_v that_o a_o enemy_n be_v not_o to_o be_v resist_v at_o his_o land_n now_o if_o we_o do_v but_o look_v a_o little_a into_o the_o discommodity_n which_o follow_v upon_o the_o land_n of_o a_o enemy_n we_o shall_v easy_o discover_v the_o dangerousnesse_n of_o this_o opinion_n as_o first_o we_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o live_v upon_o the_o spoil_n of_o our_o country_n which_o can_v be_v prevent_v by_o any_o waste_n spoil_v or_o retire_v of_o our_o provision_n in_o so_o plentiful_a a_o country_n as_o this_o be_v especial_o consider_v that_o we_o have_v no_o strong_a town_n at_o all_o to_o repose_v ourselves_o upon_o whereof_o we_o need_v no_o further_a testimony_n than_o be_v deliver_v unto_o we_o out_o of_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o these_o commentary_n in_o that_o war_n which_o caesar_n have_v with_o vercingetorâ—x_n second_o obedience_n which_o at_o other_o time_n be_v willing_o give_v to_o prince_n be_v great_o weaken_v at_o such_o time_n whereby_o all_o necessary_a mean_n to_o maintain_v a_o war_n be_v hardly_o draw_v from_o the_o subject_n three_o opportunity_n be_v give_v to_o malcontent_n and_o ill-disposed_a person_n either_o to_o make_v head_n themselves_o or_o to_o fly_v to_o the_o enemy_n four_o it_o be_v madness_n to_o adventure_v a_o kingdom_n upon_o one_o stroke_n have_v it_o in_o our_o disposition_n to_o do_v otherwise_o with_o many_o other_o disadvantage_n which_o the_o opportunity_n of_o any_o such_o occasion_n will_v discover_v the_o second_o observation_n the_o word_n imperator_n imperator_n which_o the_o eagle-bearer_n attribute_v to_o caesar_n be_v the_o great_a title_n that_o can_v be_v give_v to_o a_o roman_a leader_n and_o as_o zoâ—aras_n in_o his_o second_o tome_n say_v be_v never_o give_v but_o upon_o some_o great_a exploit_n and_o after_o a_o just_a victory_n obtain_v and_o then_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o battle_n be_v fight_v and_o the_o enemy_n overthrow_v the_o general_n be_v salute_v by_o the_o name_n of_o imperator_n with_o the_o triumphant_a shout_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n by_o which_o acclamation_n the_o soldier_n give_v testimony_n of_o his_o worth_n and_o make_v it_o equivalent_a with_o the_o most_o fortunate_a commander_n this_o ceremony_n be_v of_o great_a antiquity_n in_o the_o roman_a empire_n annâ—l_n as_o appear_v by_o many_o history_n and_o namely_o by_o tacitus_n where_o he_o say_v that_o tiberius_n give_v that_o honour_n to_o blesus_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v salute_v imperator_fw-la by_o the_o legion_n which_o he_o show_v to_o be_v a_o ancient_a dignity_n belong_v to_o great_a captain_n after_o they_o have_v foil_v the_o enemy_n with_o a_o eminent_a overthrow_n for_o every_o victory_n be_v not_o sufficient_a whereby_o they_o may_v challenge_v so_o great_a a_o honour_n but_o there_o be_v require_v as_o it_o seem_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o be_v slay_v appian_n in_o his_o second_o book_n say_v that_o in_o old_a time_n the_o name_n of_o imperator_n be_v never_o take_v but_o upon_o great_a and_o admirable_a exploit_n but_o in_o his_o time_n ten_o thousand_o of_o the_o enemy_n be_v slay_v in_o one_o battle_n be_v a_o sufficient_a ground_n of_o that_o honour_n 14._o cicero_n say_v that_o two_o thousand_o slay_v in_o the_o place_n especial_o of_o thracian_n spaniard_n or_o gall_n 9_o do_v worthy_o merit_v the_o name_n of_o imperator_n howsoever_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o same_o author_n that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n require_v to_o be_v slay_v where_o he_o say_v see_v just_o a_o victoria_fw-la imperatorem_fw-la appellatum_fw-la that_o he_o be_v call_v
observation_n it_o now_o plain_o appear_v by_o this_o negligent_a and_o ill-ordered_n march_v and_o the_o unlooked_a for_o encounter_v which_o the_o gall_n give_v they_o that_o fear_n have_v ratify_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o sabinus_n the_o smooth_a suggestion_n of_o ambiorix_n with_o a_o approbation_n of_o a_o certain_a truth_n and_o lay_v that_o for_o a_o principle_n which_o a_o discourse_n free_a from_o passion_n will_v have_v discern_v to_o be_v but_o weak_a and_o of_o no_o probability_n which_o so_o much_o the_o more_o amaze_v titurius_n by_o how_o much_o his_o apprehension_n have_v err_v from_o the_o truth_n and_o betray_v good_a counsel_n to_o a_o course_n full_a of_o danger_n which_o as_o caesar_n note_v must_v needs_o fall_v upon_o such_o as_o be_v then_o to_o seek_v for_o direction_n when_o the_o business_n require_v execution_n i_o have_v handle_v already_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o disappointment_n and_o therefore_o at_o this_o time_n will_v but_o bring_v it_o only_o into_o remembrance_n that_o we_o may_v take_v the_o great_a care_n to_o prevent_v a_o accident_n of_o that_o nature_n wherein_o as_o the_o best_a remedy_n for_o a_o evil_n be_v to_o foresee_v it_o according_a to_o the_o say_n praevisa_fw-la pereunt_fw-la mala_fw-la evil_n foresee_v fall_n of_o themselves_o so_o the_o great_a mischief_n in_o a_o evil_n be_v when_o it_o come_v unthought_a of_o and_o beside_o our_o expectation_n for_o than_o it_o fall_v upon_o we_o with_o a_o supernatural_a weight_n and_o affright_v the_o mind_n with_o a_o superstitious_a astonishment_n as_o though_o the_o divine_a power_n have_v prevent_v our_o designment_n with_o a_o irremediable_a calamity_n and_o cut_v off_o our_o appointment_n with_o a_o contrary_a decree_n although_o peradventure_o the_o thing_n itself_o carry_v no_o such_o importance_n but_o may_v be_v remedy_v if_o we_o be_v but_o prepare_v with_o a_o opinion_n that_o such_o a_o thing_n may_v happen_v it_o be_v no_o ill_a counsel_n therefore_o what_o resolution_n soever_o be_v take_v to_o make_v as_o full_a account_n of_o that_o which_o may_v fall_v out_o to_o cross_v our_o intention_n as_o that_o which_o be_v likely_a to_o happen_v from_o the_o direction_n of_o our_o chief_a project_n and_o so_o we_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o have_v a_o present_a mind_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o our_o occasion_n and_o feel_v no_o further_o danger_n than_o that_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n enforce_v chap._n xiii_o the_o roman_n cast_v themselves_o into_o a_o orb_n and_o be_v much_o discourage_v but_o cotta_n câ—â—sar_n who_o have_v before_o thought_n that_o these_o thing_n may_v happen_v by_o the_o way_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n will_v not_o be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o journey_n be_v not_o want_v in_o any_o thing_n that_o concern_v their_o common_a safety_n for_o both_o in_o call_v upon_o the_o soldier_n and_o encourage_v they_o he_o execute_v the_o place_n of_o a_o commander_n and_o in_o fight_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o soldier_n and_o when_o they_o find_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o length_n of_o their_o troup_n they_o be_v not_o able_a in_o their_o own_o person_n to_o see_v all_o thing_n do_v and_o to_o give_v direction_n in_o every_o place_n they_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v that_o they_o shall_v all_o for_o sake_n their_o baggage_n and_o â—ast_v themselves_o into_o a_o orb_n which_o direction_n although_o in_o such_o a_o case_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reprove_v yet_o it_o fall_v out_o ill_a favour_o for_o it_o both_o abate_v the_o courage_n of_o the_o roman_n &_o give_v the_o enemy_n great_a encouragement_n inasmuch_o as_o it_o seem_v that_o that_o course_n be_v not_o take_v but_o upon_o a_o great_a fear_n and_o in_o extremity_n of_o peril_n moreover_o it_o happen_v as_o it_o can_v not_o otherwise_o choose_v that_o the_o soldier_n go_v from_o their_o ensign_n to_o take_v from_o the_o carriage_n such_o thing_n as_o be_v most_o dear_a unto_o they_o and_o there_o be_v nothing_o hear_v among_o they_o but_o clamour_n and_o weep_n but_o the_o barbarous_a gall_n be_v not_o to_o learn_v how_o to_o carry_v themselves_o for_o their_o commander_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v stir_v out_o of_o his_o place_n for_o the_o prey_n be_v they_o and_o all_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v lay_v apart_o be_v reserve_v for_o they_o and_o therefore_o let_v they_o suppose_v that_o all_o thing_n consist_v in_o the_o victory_n the_o roman_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o gall_n both_o in_o number_n of_o man_n and_o valour_n and_o albeit_o they_o be_v destitute_a of_o good_a captain_n and_o of_o good_a fortune_n yet_o they_o repose_v in_o their_o manhood_n all_o the_o hope_n of_o their_o safety_n and_o as_o often_o as_o any_o cohort_n issue_v out_o they_o fail_v not_o to_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o enemy_n on_o that_o part_n the_o first_o observation_n i_o have_v already_o handle_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o orb_n with_o such_o property_n as_o be_v incident_a to_o a_o circle_n wherein_o i_o show_v the_o conveniency_n of_o this_o figure_n in_o regard_n of_o safe_a and_o strong_a imbattel_v i_o will_v now_o add_v thus_o much_o concern_v the_o use_n thereof_o that_o as_o it_o be_v the_o best_a manner_n of_o imbattel_v for_o a_o defensive_a strength_n and_o therefore_o never_o use_v but_o in_o extremity_n so_o we_o must_v be_v very_o careful_a that_o the_o sudden_a betake_v of_o ourselves_o to_o such_o a_o refuge_n do_v not_o more_o dismay_v the_o soldier_n than_o the_o advantage_n of_o that_o imbattel_v can_v benefit_v they_o for_o unless_o a_o leader_n be_v careful_a to_o keep_v his_o man_n in_o courage_n that_o their_o heart_n may_v be_v free_a from_o despair_n and_o amazement_n what_o profit_n can_v there_o arise_v from_o any_o disposition_n or_o body_n soever_o when_o the_o particular_a member_n shall_v be_v senseless_a of_o that_o duty_n which_o belong_v unto_o they_o for_o order_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o assistance_n to_o courage_n give_v mean_n to_o manage_v our_o valour_n with_o advantage_n in_o the_o war_n of_o africa_n we_o reaâ—_n that_o caesar_n legion_n be_v encircle_v about_o with_o great_a multitude_n of_o enemy_n be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o orb_n but_o he_o quick_o turn_v it_o to_o a_o better_a use_n by_o advance_v the_o two_o cornet_n two_o contrary_a way_n and_o so_o divide_v the_o enemy_n into_o two_o part_n and_o then_o beat_v they_o back_o to_o their_o great_a disadvantage_n the_o second_o observation_n i_o need_v not_o stand_v upon_o this_o order_n which_o the_o gall_n here_o take_v concern_v pillage_n that_o no_o soldier_n shall_v forsake_v his_o station_n or_o disrank_v himself_o in_o hope_n of_o spoil_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n that_o from_o the_o very_a infancy_n of_o war_n have_v often_o change_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o day_n and_o sell_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o public_a victory_n for_o private_a lucre_n and_o petty_a pilfer_n among_o other_o example_n let_v that_o which_o guicciardine_n report_v of_o the_o battle_n of_o taro_n suffice_v to_o warn_v a_o well-directed_n army_n 20_o as_o well_o by_o the_o good_a which_o charles_n the_o eight_o of_o that_o name_n king_n of_o france_n receive_v at_o that_o time_n as_o by_o the_o loss_n which_o the_o italian_n feel_v by_o that_o disorder_n not_o to_o seek_v after_o pillage_n until_o the_o victory_n be_v obtain_v the_o three_o observation_n the_o insufficiency_n of_o these_o commander_n whereof_o caesar_n now_o complain_v as_o the_o only_a want_n which_o these_o roman_n have_v to_o clear_v themselves_o of_o this_o danger_n bring_v to_o our_o consideration_n that_o which_o former_a time_n have_v make_v a_o question_n which_o be_v whether_o be_v be_v the_o virtue_n of_o the_o roman_a leader_n or_o the_o valour_n of_o their_o soldier_n that_o enlarge_v their_o empire_n to_o that_o greatness_n and_o make_v their_o people_n and_o senate_n lord_n of_o the_o world_n polybius_n weigh_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o victory_n which_o the_o carthaginian_n gain_v of_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o counsel_n and_o good_a direction_n of_o one_o zantippus_n a_o grecian_a have_v before_o that_o time_n receive_v divers_a overthrow_n during_o the_o time_n of_o those_o war_n in_o africa_n conclude_v that_o it_o be_v more_o in_o the_o worthiness_n of_o the_o commander_n then_o in_o any_o extraordinary_a virtue_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o the_o roman_n achieve_v so_o many_o conquest_n and_o beside_o the_o present_a example_n of_o zantippus_n he_o confirm_v his_o opinion_n with_o the_o proceed_n of_o hannibal_n who_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n still_o gain_v of_o the_o roman_a empire_n enlarge_a the_o territory_n of_o carthage_n and_o streightning_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o mighty_a rome_n until_o it_o have_v get_v a_o leader_n matchable_a to_o that_o subtle_a carthagiman_n and_o find_v a_o scipio_n to_o confront_v their_o
with_o a_o crossbow_n and_o fall_v down_o dead_a one_o that_o stand_v next_o he_o step_v over_o he_o and_o begin_v to_o do_v the_o like_a service_n he_o likewise_o be_v slay_v with_o a_o shot_n out_o of_o a_o crossbow_n he_o a_o three_o man_n succeed_v and_o the_o three_o a_o four_o neither_o be_v the_o place_n forsake_v until_o the_o mount_n be_v quench_v the_o enemy_n remove_v and_o the_o fight_v cease_v the_o first_o observation_n it_o be_v a_o matter_n worthy_a observation_n to_o consider_v it_o whether_o there_o need_v not_o as_o many_o man_n to_o defend_v a_o town_n as_o to_o besiege_v it_o which_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n may_v peradventure_o seem_v frivolous_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o defendant_n be_v but_o to_o make_v good_a the_o place_n which_o they_o hold_v and_o to_o stand_v only_o upon_o their_o defensive_a guard_n have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n the_o shelter_n of_o the_o wall_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o ditch_n and_o many_o other_o like_o help_n for_o their_o defence_n and_o safety_n whereas_o the_o assailant_n be_v to_o strive_v against_o all_o these_o advantage_n and_o to_o oppose_v himself_o to_o the_o danger_n of_o so_o many_o difficulty_n but_o if_o we_o look_v a_o little_a near_o into_o the_o matter_n and_o consider_v the_o service_n to_o be_v perform_v on_o either_o part_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o to_o say_v as_o many_o man_n be_v necessary_a to_o defend_v a_o town_n as_o to_o besiege_v it_o be_v no_o paradox_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n thereof_o point_n we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o town_n touch_v matter_n of_o fight_n consist_v chief_o in_o these_o four_o point_n first_o in_o man_v and_o make_v good_a all_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n for_o if_o the_o defendant_n be_v not_o able_a to_o strengthen_v all_o part_n with_o a_o competent_a force_n than_o he_o have_v not_o man_n enough_o to_o defend_v the_o town_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o part_n be_v subject_a to_o assault_v and_o what_o part_n soever_o be_v not_o make_v good_a that_o lie_v open_a to_o a_o enemy_n or_o otherwise_o if_o the_o assault_n be_v only_o to_o be_v make_v at_o a_o breach_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o wall_n be_v strong_a enough_o to_o defend_v itself_o there_o be_v require_v a_o competent_a strength_n within_o the_o town_n to_o defend_v that_o breach_n in_o this_o point_n there_o be_v little_a difference_n touch_v a_o competent_a number_n of_o man_n between_o the_o assailant_n and_o the_o defendant_n for_o if_o he_o that_o lay_v siege_n to_o a_o town_n have_v man_n enough_o to_o assault_v all_o part_n at_o one_o instant_a the_o enemy_n must_v have_v a_o answerable_a proportion_n to_o defend_v all_o or_o if_o he_o have_v no_o use_n of_o more_o man_n than_o may_v serve_v to_o give_v a_o assault_n at_o a_o breach_n the_o defendant_n must_v have_v the_o like_a proportion_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o breach_n the_o second_o point_n be_v in_o relieve_v weary_a man_n either_o fight_v or_o work_v with_o fresh_a supply_n to_o continue_v that_o business_n as_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o the_o siege_n of_o a_o town_n wherein_o likewise_o there_o be_v small_a or_o no_o difference_n touch_v a_o equality_n between_o both_o party_n for_o if_o the_o defendant_n be_v not_o as_o well_o able_a to_o relieve_v his_o weary_a soldier_n with_o fresh_a supply_n as_o the_o enemy_n be_v to_o continue_v the_o assault_n the_o town_n may_v quick_o have_v a_o new_a master_n the_o three_o point_n be_v in_o defeat_v and_o make_v void_a such_o work_n as_o the_o enemy_n shall_v make_v against_o the_o town_n as_o mount_n mine_n approach_n and_o such_o like_a inconvenience_n which_o be_v suffer_v to_o go_v on_o without_o opposition_n and_o prevention_n the_o town_n can_v hold_v out_o long_o in_o this_o point_n the_o defendant_n have_v the_o disadvantage_n have_v need_n of_o more_o man_n to_o overthrow_n and_o prevent_v the_o work_n than_o the_o assailant_n have_v to_o make_v they_o good_a for_o there_o he_o that_o besiege_v the_o place_n fight_v with_o the_o advantage_n and_o have_v the_o same_o help_n as_o the_o defendant_n have_v in_o the_o fastness_n of_o his_o hold_n which_o cause_v this_o extraordinary_a accident_n which_o caesar_n note_v touch_v the_o successive_a slaughter_n of_o so_o many_o gall_n who_o labour_v to_o burn_v the_o roman_a work_n with_o ball_n of_o tallow_n and_o pitch_n be_v all_o slay_v with_o the_o blow_n of_o one_o man_n bow_n the_o last_o point_n be_v in_o sally_n which_o be_v as_o necessary_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o town_n as_o any_o thing_n else_o whatsoever_o for_o if_o the_o defendant_n be_v not_o able_a to_o sally_v out_o the_o enemy_n will_v quick_o coop_v he_o up_o and_o tread_v upon_o his_o belly_n and_o herein_o the_o defendant_n need_v more_o man_n than_o the_o assailant_n for_o he_o that_o be_v in_o the_o field_n lie_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o trench_n whereas_o the_o other_o come_v out_o naked_a upon_o he_o and_o thus_o much_o touch_v this_o question_n in_o particular_a concern_v the_o general_a if_o it_o be_v demand_v whether_o there_o have_v be_v more_o man_n lose_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o ostend_n then_o in_o besiege_v it_o i_o answer_v that_o neither_o side_n can_v much_o vaunt_v of_o a_o small_a loss_n the_o second_o observation_n in_o the_o second_o place_n there_o be_v two_o observable_a point_n horse_n the_o one_o caesar_n continual_a attendance_n upon_o the_o work_n be_v present_a night_n and_o day_n without_o any_o long_a intermission_n which_o do_v much_o advantage_n their_o proceed_n at_o that_o time_n and_o be_v as_o important_a to_o a_o fortunate_a issue_n as_o any_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o for_o where_o a_o enemy_n be_v extraordinary_a either_o in_o valour_n or_o diligence_n there_o must_v needs_o be_v extraordinary_a mean_n to_o countervail_v the_o height_n of_o so_o great_a a_o resolution_n which_o caesar_n overtop_v with_o monstrous_a and_o huge_a work_n and_o speed_v those_o work_n with_o his_o continual_a attendance_n the_o second_o point_n be_v the_o successive_a task_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v eight_o legion_n present_a at_o that_o siege_n for_o the_o other_o two_o be_v leave_v at_o agendicum_n with_o the_o carriage_n of_o the_o army_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o half_a the_o army_n be_v always_o at_o rest_n and_o the_o other_o half_o employ_v two_o legion_n at_o work_n and_o two_o legion_n in_o the_o watch_n and_o thus_o they_o ease_v each_o other_o and_o still_o continue_v the_o work_n for_o otherwise_o they_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o have_v undergo_v the_o burden_n as_o the_o say_n be_v quod_fw-la caret_fw-la alterna_fw-la requâ—e_fw-la durabâ—le_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la it_o can_v hold_v that_o rest_v not_o now_o and_o then_o chap._n xiii_o caesar_n by_o a_o assault_n take_v avaricum_n the_o gall_n have_v try_v all_o mean_n caesar_n and_o none_o take_v effect_n the_o next_o day_n they_o consult_v touch_v their_o leave_n of_o the_o town_n vercingetorix_n both_o command_a and_o persuade_v they_o unto_o it_o which_o they_o hope_v they_o may_v do_v in_o the_o night_n time_n without_o any_o great_a loss_n unto_o themselves_o forasmuch_o as_o vercingetorix_n be_v not_o far_o off_o with_o his_o camp_n and_o all_o the_o way_n thither_o be_v a_o continual_a bog_n which_o will_v hinder_v the_o roman_n from_o follow_v after_o they_o and_o for_o that_o purpose_n they_o prepare_v themselves_o against_o the_o next_o night_n which_o the_o woman_n perceive_v do_v run_v sudden_o out_o into_o the_o street_n and_o other_o public_a place_n and_o cast_v themselves_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o by_o all_o mean_v entreat_v they_o not_o to_o leave_v they_o and_o their_o child_n to_o the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o nature_n and_o infirmity_n of_o body_n will_v not_o suffer_v to_o fly_v away_o but_o find_v they_o to_o continue_v resolute_a in_o their_o purpose_n forasmuch_o as_o in_o extreme_a peril_n fear_v for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v no_o commiseration_n they_o cry_v out_o and_o signify_v their_o flight_n unto_o the_o roman_n wherewith_o the_o gall_n be_v fear_v they_o desist_v from_o their_o purpose_n leave_v the_o way_n shall_v be_v forestall_v and_o lay_v by_o the_o roman_a horseman_n the_o next_o day_n caesar_n have_v advance_v forward_o the_o tower_n and_o perfect_v those_o work_n which_o he_o have_v determine_v to_o make_v there_o happen_v to_o fall_v a_o great_a rain_n which_o he_o think_v to_o be_v a_o fit_a occasion_n for_o his_o purpose_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o see_v the_o guard_n upon_o the_o wall_n to_o be_v somewhat_o negligent_o dispose_v he_o command_v his_o man_n to_o work_v fair_a and_o soft_o and_o show_v they_o what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v and_o encourage_v the_o legion_n which_o be_v hide_v in_o a_o readiness_n under_o the_o vine_n at_o
he_o propound_v to_o the_o world_n as_o a_o absolute_a pattern_n both_o of_o military_a and_o civil_a virtue_n chap._n xxiii_o the_o roman_n continue_v the_o assault_n and_o be_v beat_v off_o with_o loss_n the_o contention_n be_v not_o indifferent_a to_o the_o roman_n â—â—â—sar_n neither_o in_o place_n nor_o in_o number_n of_o combatant_n be_v weary_v withal_o both_o with_o the_o long_a race_n which_o they_o have_v run_v and_o with_o the_o continuance_n of_o their_o fight_n whereby_o they_o do_v not_o so_o easy_o bear_v the_o enemy_n be_v whole_a and_o fresh_a caesar_n see_v the_o fight_n to_o be_v in_o a_o unequal_a place_n and_o the_o enemy_n still_o to_o increase_v their_o force_n fear_v his_o people_n he_o send_v to_o t._n sextius_n the_o legate_n who_o he_o have_v leave_v to_o command_v the_o lesser_a camp_n to_o bring_v out_o the_o cohort_n speedy_o and_o to_o place_v they_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o our_o man_n be_v force_v to_o forsake_v their_o place_n yet_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v terrify_v from_o follow_v they_o over_o free_o he_o himself_o remove_v a_o little_a out_o of_o that_o place_n where_o he_o stand_v with_o the_o legion_n attend_v the_o event_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o as_o they_o fight_v at_o hand_n very_o fierce_o the_o enemy_n trust_v in_o the_o place_n and_o in_o the_o multitude_n and_o our_o man_n in_o their_o valour_n the_o hedui_n sudden_o appear_v on_o the_o open_a side_n of_o our_o man_n who_o caesar_n have_v send_v up_o by_o another_o ascent_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o keep_v off_o part_n of_o the_o enemy_n these_o by_o the_o likeness_n of_o their_o armour_n do_v wonderful_o astonish_v our_o man_n who_o although_o they_o see_v their_o right_a arm_n show_v or_o put_v forth_o which_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o peace_n yet_o they_o doubt_v lest_o the_o enemy_n have_v use_v that_o policy_n to_o deceive_v they_o at_o the_o same_o instant_a l._n fabius_n the_o centurion_n and_o those_o that_o climb_v up_o upon_o the_o wall_n with_o he_o be_v slay_v be_v cast_v down_o from_o the_o wall_n again_o and_o m._n petreius_n a_o centurion_n of_o the_o same_o legion_n as_o he_o be_v about_o to_o cut_v down_o the_o gate_n be_v oppress_v with_o the_o multitude_n and_o despair_v of_o his_o own_o life_n have_v receive_v many_o wound_n forasmuch_o say_v he_o to_o his_o soldier_n that_o follow_v he_o as_o i_o can_v save_v myself_o and_o you_o too_o i_o will_v certain_o provide_v for_o your_o safety_n who_o i_o have_v bring_v into_o danger_n whilst_o i_o thirst_v after_o honour_n you_o while_o you_o may_v shift_n for_o yourselves_o and_o withal_o he_o break_v through_o the_o thick_a of_o the_o enemy_n and_o with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o a_o couple_n he_o remove_v the_o rest_n from_o the_o gate_n and_o as_o his_o soldier_n go_v about_o to_o help_v he_o in_o vain_a say_v he_o do_v you_o endeavour_v to_o save_v my_o life_n which_o blood_n and_o strength_n have_v already_o forsake_v and_o therefore_o get_v you_o hence_o while_o you_o have_v mean_n and_o betake_v yourselves_o to_o the_o legion_n and_o so_o fight_v fall_v down_o dead_a but_o save_v his_o man_n our_o man_n be_v overcharge_v do_v all_o side_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o six_o and_o forty_o centurion_n be_v beat_v down_o from_o the_o place_n but_o the_o ten_o legion_n which_o stand_v for_o a_o rescue_n in_o a_o more_o equal_a place_n hinder_v the_o gall_n from_o follow_v over_o eager_o and_o again_o the_o cohort_n of_o the_o thirteen_o legion_n which_o sextius_n have_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n second_v that_o legion_n have_v get_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o upper_a ground_n the_o legion_n assoon_o as_o they_o come_v into_o the_o plain_a stand_v still_o and_o turn_v head_n to_o the_o enemy_n vercingetorix_n draw_v back_o his_o man_n from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o bring_v they_o into_o their_o camp_n that_o day_n few_o less_o than_o seven_o hundred_o soldier_n be_v want_v observation_n and_o this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o presumptuous_a rashness_n when_o man_n be_v become_v so_o pregnant_a as_o to_o take_v upon_o they_o more_o than_o be_v require_v but_o as_o they_o say_v of_o fair_a weather_n that_o it_o be_v pity_v it_o shall_v do_v hurt_v so_o be_v it_o great_a pity_n that_o valour_n and_o resolution_n shall_v prove_v disadvantageous_a for_o this_o over_n of_o a_o service_n be_v but_o the_o spirit_n of_o valiant_a carriage_n and_o the_o very_a motion_n of_o prowess_n and_o courage_n memorable_a in_o the_o offender_n themselves_o as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o this_o particular_a report_n of_o fabius_n and_o petreius_n and_o much_o to_o be_v pity_v that_o virtue_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n be_v overquell_v with_o a_o great_a strength_n at_o this_o service_n the_o roman_n stand_v in_o these_o term_n they_o be_v overmatch_v in_o number_n they_o have_v spend_v their_o strength_n in_o speedy_a run_v to_o the_o place_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v not_o favourable_a unto_o they_o but_o almost_o as_o great_a a_o enemy_n as_o the_o gall_n only_o they_o trust_v in_o their_o valour_n and_o think_v by_o virtue_n to_o clear_v all_o difficulty_n the_o gall_n have_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o place_n a_o far_o great_a number_n of_o fight_a man_n they_o come_v fresh_a to_o the_o battle_n and_o be_v always_o second_v with_o fresh_a supply_n caesar_n see_v the_o two_o army_n engage_v one_o with_o another_o can_v neither_o part_v they_o nor_o recall_v his_o soldier_n but_o set_v such_o force_n as_o be_v free_a in_o such_o convenient_a place_n as_o may_v rescue_v his_o people_n in_o the_o retreat_n and_o keep_v the_o gall_n from_o follow_v the_o chase_n or_o make_v any_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o so_o great_a a_o inequality_n where_o there_o be_v so_o many_o sword_n draw_v to_o make_v way_n to_o death_n there_o be_v not_o seven_o hundred_o man_n lose_v of_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o yet_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v the_o great_a loss_n that_o ever_o he_o receive_v in_o those_o war_n in_o his_o own_o presence_n when_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o conflict_n give_v the_o enemy_n the_o better_a of_o the_o day_n chap._n xxiiii_o caesar_n rebuke_v the_o rashness_n of_o his_o soldier_n and_o make_v light_a but_o successful_a skirmish_n upon_o the_o enemy_n caesar_n the_o next_o day_n call_v the_o army_n before_o he_o caesar_n rebuke_v the_o temerity_n and_o cupidity_n of_o the_o soldier_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o judge_v how_o far_o they_o be_v to_o go_v or_o what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v neither_o will_v they_o stay_v upon_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o retreat_n nor_o hearken_v to_o the_o tribune_n nor_o the_o legate_n that_o will_v have_v keep_v they_o back_o he_o lay_v open_a unto_o they_o how_o available_a the_o inequality_n of_o the_o place_n be_v and_o what_o he_o himself_o think_v of_o it_o when_o at_o avaricum_n he_o take_v the_o enemy_n without_o a_o general_n and_o without_o cavalry_n yet_o do_v forgo_v a_o most_o assure_a victory_n lest_o in_o the_o buckle_v he_o may_v have_v receive_v a_o small_a loss_n through_o the_o inequitie_n of_o the_o place_n how_o admirable_a be_v the_o greatness_n of_o their_o spirit_n who_o neither_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o height_n of_o the_o hill_n nor_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n can_v stop_v or_o hinder_v wherein_o he_o blame_v their_o licentious_a arrogancy_n the_o more_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o judge_v better_o of_o the_o victory_n and_o the_o success_n of_o that_o service_n than_o the_o general_n himself_o neither_o do_v he_o so_o much_o desire_v to_o find_v courage_n and_o virtue_n in_o his_o soldier_n as_o modesty_n and_o sobriety_n this_o speech_n be_v deliver_v and_o in_o the_o end_n confirm_v their_o mind_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v discourage_v at_o the_o matter_n nor_o attribute_n that_o to_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o indeed_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n keep_v his_o former_a purpose_n of_o departure_n he_o bring_v the_o legion_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n imbattel_v they_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n and_o find_v that_o vercingetorix_n will_v not_o be_v draw_v into_o a_o indifferent_a place_n after_o a_o light_a skirmish_n of_o horse_n wherein_o the_o roman_n have_v the_o better_a he_o carry_v his_o army_n back_o again_o into_o the_o camp_n and_o do_v the_o like_a the_o next_o day_n think_v it_o sufficient_a to_o abate_v the_o pride_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o to_o strengthen_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o soldier_n he_o remove_v his_o camp_n into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n the_o enemy_n refuse_v to_o make_v after_o he_o observation_n
reparation_n of_o honour_n be_v a_o chief_a point_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o army_n be_v for_o he_o that_o leave_v a_o enemy_n upon_o a_o loss_n receive_v when_o his_o soldier_n be_v either_o awe_v or_o well_o beat_v must_v look_v to_o find_v the_o same_o spirit_n and_o courage_n in_o they_o when_o they_o shall_v come_v again_o to_o confront_v the_o enemy_n as_o they_o have_v when_o they_o last_o leave_v he_o with_o a_o disadvantage_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o unskilful_a continuance_n of_o his_o own_o loss_n and_o a_o preparation_n to_o a_o second_o overthrow_n in_o the_o war_n the_o roman_n have_v with_o annibal_n in_o all_o the_o fight_v they_o make_v marcellus_n they_o continue_v their_o first_o loss_n unto_o the_o battle_n at_o nola_n at_o what_o time_n by_o marcellus_n good_a direction_n they_o give_v he_o a_o overthrow_n which_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o ever_o annibal_n soldier_n begin_v to_o give_v place_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o repair_v the_o roman_n valour_n again_o after_o so_o many_o battle_n as_o they_o lose_v for_o than_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o they_o fight_v not_o with_o a_o enemy_n altogether_o invincible_a but_o that_o he_o be_v subject_a to_o loss_n and_o overthrow_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o so_o happy_a a_o fortune_n restore_v the_o roman_a soldier_n to_o their_o ancient_a valour_n and_o good_a fortune_n it_o be_v that_o liviâ—_n say_v ingens_fw-la eo_fw-la die_fw-la res_fw-la ac_fw-la nescio_fw-la a_o maxima_fw-la illâ—_n bello_fw-la guess_v a_o sit_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o service_n be_v perform_v that_o day_n putabat_fw-la &_o i_o think_v i_o may_v say_v the_o great_a that_o be_v do_v in_o that_o war_n caesar_n do_v well_o understand_v this_o philosophy_n and_o therefore_o he_o labour_v to_o repair_v the_o breach_n which_o the_o enemy_n have_v make_v in_o the_o valour_n of_o his_o soldier_n by_o light_n and_o small_a skirmish_n before_o he_o will_v adventure_v to_o hazard_v the_o main_a drife_z of_o the_o business_n in_o any_o set_a conflict_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o he_o have_v a_o purpose_n to_o leave_v the_o enemy_n for_o a_o time_n whereby_o he_o seem_v to_o end_v the_o former_a service_n wherein_o he_o have_v a_o special_a care_n not_o to_o depart_v with_o the_o last_o blow_n have_v always_o before_o that_o time_n have_v the_o better_a for_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o end_n do_v challenge_n much_o of_o the_o former_a proceed_n and_o do_v draw_v the_o opinion_n of_o man_n to_o deem_v of_o all_o as_o the_o conclusion_n import_v according_a as_o claudius_n nero_n tell_v his_o soldier_n semper_fw-la quod_fw-la postremo_fw-la adjectum_fw-la sit_fw-la id_fw-la rem_fw-la totam_fw-la videri_fw-la traxisse_fw-la as_o the_o end_n of_o the_o service_n be_v so_o the_o whole_a seem_v to_o have_v be_v chap._n xxv_o the_o hedui_n revolt_n caesar_n pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n loire_n the_o three_o day_n he_o repair_v the_o bridge_n at_o the_o river_n elevar_n caesar_n and_o carry_v over_o his_o army_n there_o he_o understand_v by_o viridomarus_n and_o eporedorix_n that_o litavicus_n be_v go_v with_o all_o the_o enemy_n horse_n to_o solicit_v the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o caesar_n shall_v send_v they_o before_o to_o confirm_v the_o state_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o loyalty_n and_o although_o caesar_n do_v mistrust_v the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n for_o many_o cause_n and_o do_v think_v that_o the_o departure_n of_o these_o two_o noble_n will_v hasten_v their_o revolt_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o detain_v they_o lest_o he_o shall_v either_o seem_v to_o do_v they_o wrong_n or_o to_o give_v any_o suspicion_n of_o distrust_n at_o their_o departure_n he_o propound_v unto_o they_o brief_o how_o well_o he_o have_v deserve_v of_o their_o state_n how_o low_a and_o weak_a they_o be_v when_o he_o receive_v they_o confine_v within_o their_o town_n their_o land_n extend_v all_o their_o associate_n take_v from_o they_o a_o tribute_n lay_v upon_o they_o pledge_v extort_a from_o they_o with_o great_a contumely_n and_o into_o what_o fortune_n and_o greatness_n he_o have_v bring_v they_o again_o that_o not_o only_o they_o have_v recover_v their_o former_a state_n but_o do_v exceed_v the_o dignity_n and_o favour_n of_o all_o former_a time_n and_o with_o these_o mandate_n he_o let_v they_o go_v noviodunum_n be_v a_o town_n of_o the_o hedui_n situate_v in_o a_o convenient_a place_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n loire_n thither_o have_v caesar_n send_v all_o the_o hostage_n of_o gallia_n the_o corn_n the_o public_a treasure_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o army_n and_o thither_o he_o have_v likewise_o send_v great_a store_n of_o horse_n which_o he_o have_v buy_v in_o spain_n and_o italy_n for_o the_o service_n of_o this_o war_n eporedorix_n and_o viridomarus_n come_v thither_o and_o understanding_n touch_v the_o affair_n of_o their_o state_n that_o liâ—avicus_n be_v receive_v into_o bibract_n by_o the_o hedui_n which_o be_v the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o their_o state_n and_o that_o convictolitanis_n their_o chief_a magistrate_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o senate_n be_v come_v unto_o he_o and_o that_o public_a messenger_n be_v send_v to_o vercingetorix_n touch_v a_o league_n of_o peace_n and_o amity_n they_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o omit_v so_o great_a a_o opportunity_n and_o thereupon_o have_v slay_v the_o guard_n at_o noviodunum_n with_o such_o other_o as_o be_v there_o either_o by_o way_n of_o trade_n or_o travel_n they_o divide_v the_o money_n and_o the_o horse_n between_o they_o and_o take_v order_n that_o the_o hostage_n of_o the_o other_o state_n shall_v safe_o be_v convey_v to_o bibract_v for_o the_o town_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o think_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v it_o lest_o the_o roman_n may_v make_v any_o use_n of_o it_o they_o burn_v it_o such_o corn_n as_o they_o can_v carry_v on_o the_o sudden_a they_o convey_v away_o in_o boat_n the_o rest_n they_o either_o burnedor_n cast_v it_o into_o the_o river_n they_o begin_v to_o raise_v force_n in_o the_o country_n next_o adjoin_v to_o dispose_v of_o watch_n and_o garrison_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n loire_n to_o show_v their_o cavalry_n in_o all_o place_n to_o strike_v fear_n into_o the_o roman_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v exclude_v they_o from_o provision_n of_o corn_n or_o drive_v they_o through_o necessity_n of_o want_n to_o forsake_v the_o province_n whereof_o they_o be_v the_o rather_o assure_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o loire_n be_v much_o swell_v by_o a_o fall_n of_o snow_n whereby_o it_o be_v unpassable_a at_o any_o foard_v these_o thing_n be_v know_v caesar_n think_v it_o necessary_a for_o he_o to_o make_v haste_n especial_o if_o he_o must_v make_v up_o the_o bridge_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v give_v they_o battle_n before_o they_o have_v gather_v a_o great_a head_n for_o touch_v his_o pupose_v for_o return_v into_o the_o province_n he_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a by_o any_o mean_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o shame_n and_o in_o famy_n thereof_o as_o also_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o hill_n gebenna_n and_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o passage_n do_v hinder_v he_o but_o especial_o for_o that_o he_o do_v exceed_o desire_v to_o join_v himself_o with_o labienus_n and_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v with_o he_o and_o therefore_o make_v great_a journey_n both_o by_o day_n and_o night_n beyond_o all_o man_n expectation_n he_o come_v to_o the_o river_n loire_n where_o the_o horseman_n have_v sound_n a_o convenient_a foard_v for_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o time_n that_o the_o soldier_n may_v pass_v over_o with_o their_o arm_n and_o shoulder_n above_o the_o water_n to_o hold_v up_o their_o weapon_n dispose_v the_o horse_n in_o the_o river_n to_o break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o stream_n and_o the_o enemy_n be_v affright_v upon_o their_o first_o show_n he_o carry_v over_o his_o army_n in_o safety_n and_o have_v satisfy_v his_o soldier_n with_o corn_n which_o he_o find_v in_o the_o field_n and_o good_a store_n of_o cattle_n he_o determine_v to_o march_v towards_o the_o senones_n observation_n the_o great_a difficulty_n that_o ever_o caesar_n find_v in_o the_o course_n of_o these_o war_n gallia_n be_v at_o this_o instant_n upon_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n for_o whereas_o that_o state_n after_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n be_v ever_o repute_v the_o favourite_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n have_v receive_v such_o special_a privilege_n and_o prerogative_n above_o the_o rest_n as_o may_v tie_v they_o with_o a_o inviolable_a bond_n of_o amity_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v that_o they_o shall_v forsake_v so_o great_a a_o stay_n or_o favour_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v
to_o sight_n among_o the_o horse_n at_o their_o arrival_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v not_o well_o fit_v with_o horse_n he_o take_v the_o horse_n from_o the_o tribune_n the_o roman_a knight_n and_o the_o evocati_fw-la and_o distribute_v they_o among_o the_o german_n observation_n there_o be_v three_o principal_a mean_n to_o draw_v a_o state_n into_o a_o party_n which_o of_o itself_o stand_v neutral_a matter_n or_o to_o win_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n when_o they_o carry_v equal_a or_o indifferent_a affection_n the_o first_o be_v friendship_n by_o favour_n or_o friendship_n the_o second_o by_o authority_n authority_n and_o the_o three_o by_o money_n friendship_n rely_v upon_o former_a respect_n and_o the_o exchange_n of_o precedent_a courtesy_n money_n authority_n conclude_v from_o future_a danger_n and_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v follow_v the_o refusal_n money_n do_v govern_v the_o present_a occasion_n and_o be_v more_o general_a than_o either_o favour_n or_o authority_n the_o gall_n be_v not_o want_v to_o make_v their_o party_n good_a in_o any_o of_o these_o three_o persuade_a motive_n but_o as_o caesar_n say_v quantum_fw-la gratia_fw-la authoritate_fw-la pecunia_fw-la valent_fw-la ad_fw-la sollicitandas_fw-la civitates_fw-la nâ—tuntur_fw-la they_o solicit_v the_o neighbour_n state_n as_o far_o as_o friendship_n authority_n and_o money_n will_v go_v wherein_o as_o they_o go_v about_o to_o lay_v the_o stock_n upon_o it_o so_o they_o leave_v themselves_o but_o one_o trial_n for_o the_o right_n of_o their_o cause_n and_o join_v issue_n for_o all_o upon_o the_o fortune_n of_o that_o action_n for_o when_o they_o shall_v see_v their_o best_a possibility_n too_o weak_a and_o their_o uttermost_a endeavour_n profit_v nothing_o against_o a_o mighty_a prevail_a enemy_n the_o great_a their_o hope_n be_v which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o mean_n the_o great_a will_v be_v their_o despair_n when_o such_o mean_n be_v spend_v for_o it_o be_v a_o shrewd_a thing_n for_o man_n to_o be_v out_o of_o mean_n and_o not_o to_o drive_v a_o hope_n before_o they_o it_o be_v usual_a upon_o such_o main_a occasion_n to_o employ_v the_o chief_a man_n in_o a_o state_n in_o who_o the_o soldier_n may_v have_v most_o assurance_n and_o to_o accompany_v he_o with_o such_o mean_n as_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o commonweal_n may_v afford_v he_o but_o if_o their_o great_a hope_n die_v in_o his_o ill_a success_n or_o wax_v faint_a through_o cold_a fortune_n the_o kingdom_n receive_v loss_n and_o the_o enemy_n get_v advantage_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o great_a preparation_n chap._n xxix_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o gall_n do_v set_v upon_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o be_v beat_v while_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v caesar_n the_o enemy_n force_n and_o the_o horseman_n that_o be_v command_v to_o be_v levy_v in_o all_o gallia_n meet_v together_o and_o come_v out_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o arverni_n a_o great_a number_n of_o these_o be_v gather_v together_o as_o caesar_n march_v against_o the_o sequani_n by_o the_o border_n of_o the_o lingones_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v the_o easy_o relieve_v the_o province_n vercingetorix_n sit_v down_o about_o ten_o mile_n from_o the_o roman_n in_o three_o several_a camp_n and_o call_v the_o captain_n and_o colonel_n of_o horse_n to_o counsel_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o time_n of_o victory_n be_v now_o come_v for_o the_o roman_n leave_v gallia_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o province_n which_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o obtain_n of_o their_o present_a liberty_n but_o avail_v little_a for_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o future_a time_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o purpose_n to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o war_n but_o to_o return_v again_o with_o great_a force_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o their_o march_n ladâ—â—_n with_o carriage_n if_o the_o foot_n do_v assist_v their_o horse_n than_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v any_o way_n or_o proceed_v in_o their_o journey_n but_o if_o which_o he_o hope_v will_v rather_o happen_v forsake_v their_o carriage_n every_o man_n shift_v for_o himself_o they_o will_v depart_v both_o rob_v of_o their_o necessary_n and_o of_o their_o honour_n for_o they_o need_v not_o doubt_v of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n of_o who_o he_o be_v most_o assure_v that_o they_o dare_v not_o go_v out_o from_o among_o the_o foot_n force_n and_o to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v be_v the_o better_o encourage_v he_o will_v draw_v all_o the_o force_n in_o a_o readiness_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o place_v they_o so_o as_o they_o may_v be_v a_o terror_n to_o the_o enemy_n the_o horseman_n cry_v out_o all_o together_o that_o this_o resolution_n may_v be_v strengthen_v with_o a_o holy_a oath_n let_v he_o never_o be_v receive_v under_o any_o roof_n or_o have_v access_n to_o his_o wife_n child_n or_o parent_n that_o do_v not_o twice_o run_v through_o the_o army_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o thing_n be_v well_o like_v of_o and_o every_o man_n force_v to_o take_v that_o oath_n the_o next_o day_n he_o divide_v his_o cavalry_n into_o three_o part_n two_o army_n show_v themselves_o on_o each_o side_n and_o the_o three_o begin_v to_o make_v stay_n of_o the_o vauward_n which_o be_v know_v caesar_n divide_v his_o horse_n likewise_o into_o three_o part_n and_o send_v they_o to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o fight_v in_o all_o part_n the_o army_n stand_v still_o the_o carriage_n be_v receive_v within_o the_o legion_n if_o our_o man_n be_v overcharge_v any_o where_o caesar_n bend_v the_o legion_n that_o way_n which_o do_v both_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o follow_v they_o and_o assure_v our_o man_n of_o hope_n of_o rescue_n at_o length_n the_o german_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o a_o hill_n on_o the_o right_a side_n do_v put_v the_o enemy_n from_o their_o place_n and_o follow_v they_o as_o they_o flee_v even_o to_o the_o river_n where_o vercingetorix_n stay_v with_o the_o foot_n company_n and_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o whereupon_o the_o rest_n fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v encompass_v about_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n execution_n be_v do_v in_o all_o place_n three_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o hedui_n be_v take_v and_o bring_v to_o caesar_n cotus_n the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n who_o at_o the_o last_o election_n of_o magistrate_n stand_v in_o controversy_n with_o convictolitanis_n and_o cavarillus_n who_o after_o the_o revolt_n of_o litavicus_n command_v the_o foot_n troop_n and_o eporedorix_n under_o who_o command_n before_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n the_o hedui_n make_v war_n with_o the_o sequani_n all_o the_o cavalry_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n vercingetorix_n draw_v in_o his_o force_n which_o he_o have_v imbattel_v before_o his_o camp_n and_o immediate_o after_o begin_v to_o march_v towards_o alesia_n a_o town_n of_o the_o mandubii_fw-la command_v the_o baggage_n to_o be_v speedy_o bring_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o to_o follow_v he_o caesar_n have_v convey_v his_o carriage_n to_o the_o next_o hill_n under_o the_o custody_n of_o two_o legion_n he_o follow_v the_o enemy_n as_o long_o as_o the_o day_n will_v give_v he_o leave_v and_o have_v slay_v some_o three_o thousand_o of_o the_o rearward_n the_o next_o day_n follow_v he_o encamp_v at_o alesia_n observation_n the_o gall_n be_v much_o strong_a than_o the_o roman_n in_o cavalry_n war_n both_o according_a to_o quantity_n and_o quality_n but_o the_o roman_a infantry_n be_v great_a in_o virtue_n and_o worth_n than_o any_o foot_n force_n of_o the_o gall_n notwithstanding_o their_o inequality_n in_o number_n which_o show_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v more_o rely_v upon_o their_o legionary_a soldier_n then_o upon_o their_o equites_fw-la and_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o argument_n in_o the_o handle_n of_o that_o question_n which_o be_v so_o much_o debate_v among_o man_n of_o war_n whether_o the_o horse_n or_o the_o foot_n company_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n which_o indeed_o be_v a_o question_n à _fw-fr male_a dâ—visis_fw-la be_v both_o so_o necessary_a for_o the_o perfect_a execution_n of_o martial_a purpose_n as_o they_o can_v well_o be_v disjoin_v and_o if_o we_o look_v particular_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o several_a service_n we_o shall_v easy_o discern_v the_o difference_n and_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v of_o the_o validity_n of_o their_o part_n wherein_o first_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v horseman_n but_o that_o foot_n company_n be_v serviceable_a to_o more_o purpose_n than_o troop_n of_o horse_n for_o the_o horseman_n be_v of_o no_o use_n but_o in_o open_a and_o champain_n place_n whereas_o footman_n be_v not_o only_o of_o importance_n in_o fielden_a couâ—treys_n but_o be_v necessary_a also_o in_o mountainous_a or_o woodie_a place_n in_o valley_n in_o ditch_n
in_o siege_n and_o in_o all_o other_o part_n of_o what_o site_n or_o nature_n soever_o where_o the_o horseman_n can_v show_v themselves_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o infantry_n extend_v its_o service_n to_o more_o purpose_n then_o the_o cavalry_n and_o make_v the_o war_n complete_a which_o otherwise_o will_v prove_v lame_a and_o uneffectual_a touch_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o business_n when_o it_o come_v to_o a_o day_n of_o battle_n footman_n it_o rest_v for_o the_o most_o part_n upon_o the_o foot_n troop_n for_o the_o horseman_n be_v profitable_a to_o the_o army_n wherein_o they_o serve_v by_o make_v discovery_n by_o harry_v the_o enemy_n country_n horseman_n by_o give_v succour_n or_o rescue_v upon_o a_o sudden_a by_o do_v execution_n upon_o a_o overthrow_n and_o by_o confront_v the_o enemy_n horse_n but_o these_o be_v but_o as_o second_v service_n and_o fall_v short_a of_o the_o main_a stroke_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v give_v by_o the_o footman_n neither_o do_v a_o rout_n give_v to_o the_o cavalry_n serve_v a_o army_n royal_a concern_v the_o body_n of_o that_o army_n further_o than_o the_o service_n before_o mention_v but_o the_o army_n do_v oftentimes_o go_v on_o notwithstanding_o and_o may_v well_o achieve_v a_o happy_a victory_n whereas_o upon_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o infantry_n the_o horseman_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o to_o shift_v for_o themselves_o and_o get_v away_o to_o their_o own_o home_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o foot_n company_n be_v the_o bulk_n and_o body_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o horse_n as_o the_o arm_n and_o outward_a part_n have_v expedient_a and_o necessary_a office_n but_o always_o subordinate_a to_o the_o main_a stroke_n give_v by_o the_o foot_n if_o any_o man_n look_v for_o proof_n hereof_o by_o example_n he_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o seek_v further_o than_o the_o roman_n be_v master_n of_o the_o art_n military_a who_o by_o a_o ancient_a law_n interdict_v the_o dictator_n to_o have_v the_o use_n of_o a_o horse_n in_o the_o war_n for_o his_o private_a case_n why_o intimate_v as_o plutarch_n say_v the_o strength_n of_o their_o army_n to_o consist_v in_o their_o footman_n which_o the_o general_n in_o a_o day_n of_o battle_n shall_v assist_v with_o his_o presence_n and_o in_o no_o wise_n forsake_v they_o if_o he_o will_v but_o touch_v the_o use_n of_o war_n among_o they_o their_o equites_fw-la be_v so_o far_o short_a of_o the_o service_n perform_v by_o their_o foot_n troop_n that_o when_o they_o will_v stand_v to_o it_o indeed_o they_o forsake_v their_o horse_n and_o fight_v on_o foot_n as_o in_o the_o battle_n with_o the_o latin_n at_o the_o lake_n regillus_n which_o i_o have_v already_o mention_v in_o my_o former_a observation_n neither_o be_v the_o roman_n tood_v horseman_n as_o it_o seem_v by_o caesar_n for_o he_o take_v the_o horse_n from_o the_o tribune_n and_o the_o roman_a equites_fw-la and_o give_v they_o to_o the_o german_n as_o better_a rutter_n 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which_o he_o give_v caesar_n at_o dyrrachium_fw-la that_o he_o send_v letter_n of_o that_o day_n victory_n into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o make_v his_o soldier_n so_o secure_a touch_v the_o issue_n of_o that_o war_n ut_fw-la non_fw-la de_fw-la ratione_fw-la belli_fw-la cogitarent_fw-la sed_fw-la vicisse_fw-la jam_fw-la sibi_fw-la viderentur_fw-la that_o they_o never_o think_v how_o the_o war_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v on_o esteem_v themselves_o already_o absolute_a victor_n not_o remember_v as_o caesar_n say_v the_o ordinary_a change_n of_o war_n wherein_o oftentimes_o a_o small_a matter_n either_o of_o a_o false_a suspicion_n or_o of_o a_o sudden_a fright_n or_o some_o other_o accident_n do_v endanger_v a_o army_n which_o the_o enemy_n take_v to_o himself_o perinde_v ac_fw-la si_fw-la virtute_fw-la vicissent_fw-la as_o if_o
out_o of_o curious_a suspicion_n or_o idle_a fear_n yet_o it_o fall_v out_o to_o be_v no_o more_o than_o be_v requisite_a and_o expedient_a which_o may_v teach_v a_o general_n to_o be_v careful_a even_o of_o possibility_n 24._o and_o to_o prevent_v contingency_n with_o the_o certainty_n of_o industrious_a direction_n account_v always_o that_o which_o may_v happen_v to_o be_v as_o certain_a as_o any_o thing_n we_o most_o expect_v the_o four_o observation_n concern_v spain_n 3._o we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o the_o roman_n at_o first_o divide_v it_o into_o two_o province_n which_o they_o call_v the_o near_o and_o the_o further_o or_o according_a to_o strabo_n the_o utter_a and_o the_o inner_a and_o they_o be_v separate_v asunder_o by_o the_o river_n iberus_n now_o ebro_n and_o thence_o also_o they_o be_v call_v cis_n iberum_fw-la &_o ultra_fw-la iberum_fw-la spain_n on_o this_o side_n ebro_n and_o spain_n beyond_o the_o near_a province_n be_v the_o lesser_a continue_v without_o 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iberos_n atque_fw-la aeterna_fw-la tenet_fw-la magnis_fw-la divortia_fw-la terris_fw-la nomen_fw-la bebrycia_n duxere_fw-la à _fw-la virgine_fw-la colle_n hospitis_fw-la alcidae_fw-la crimen_fw-la qui_fw-la sort_n laborum_fw-la gerionis_fw-la peteret_fw-la cum_fw-la long_fw-mi tricorporis_fw-la arva_fw-la possessus_fw-la baccho_fw-la saeva_fw-la bebrycis_n in_fw-la aula_fw-la lugendam_fw-la â—ormae_fw-la sine_fw-la virginitate_fw-la reliquit_fw-la pyrenen_fw-la and_o a_o little_a after_o defletumque_fw-la tenent_fw-la montes_n per_fw-la secula_fw-la nomen_fw-la the_o lofty_a tower_n of_o pyren_n cloudy_a head_n over_o look_n the_o iberi_n who_o it_o part_n from_o celts_n for_o aye_o divide_v those_o two_o spacious_a land_n from_o bebryx_n daughter_n first_o these_o hill_n take_v name_n ravish_v by_o hercules_n who_o as_o he_o go_v the_o triple-bodied_n gerion_n land_n to_o seize_v drink_v at_o the_o time_n and_o lodge_v in_o bebryx_n court_n pyrene_n leave_v to_o be_v bewail_v by_o beauty_n no_o more_o a_o virgin_n and_o her_o lament_a name_n the_o hill_n still_o keep_v but_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n more_o general_o receive_v they_o be_v so_o call_v of_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o that_o shepherd_n and_o herdsman_n set_v they_o once_o on_o fire_n 5._o as_o witness_v diodorus_n siculus_n and_o aristotle_n auscultatioribus_fw-la in_o hiberia_fw-la inquit_fw-la combustis_fw-la aliquando_fw-la pastoribus_fw-la sylvis_n calenteque_fw-la ignibus_fw-la terra_fw-la manifestum_fw-la argentum_fw-la defluxisse_fw-la cumque_fw-la postmodum_fw-la terrae-motus_a supervenisset_fw-la eruptis_fw-la hiatibus_fw-la magnam_fw-la copiam_fw-la argenti_fw-la collectam_fw-la atque_fw-la inde_fw-la massiliensibus_fw-la proventus_fw-la non_fw-la vulgares_fw-la obtigisse_fw-la he_o say_v that_o on_o a_o time_n in_o spain_n the_o shepherd_n have_v set_v fire_n on_o the_o wood_n the_o ground_n be_v so_o heat_v thereby_o that_o plain_a rill_n of_o silver_n flow_v from_o the_o hill_n and_o that_o afterward_o by_o reason_n of_o earthquake_n several_a gaping_n be_v make_v in_o the_o say_a place_n they_o gather_v great_a plenty_n of_o silver_n which_o the_o marscillians_n make_v no_o small_a benefit_n of_o the_o country_n of_o spain_n be_v commend_v for_o many_o thing_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o divers_a eulogy_n among_o which_o that_o of_o claudianus_n the_o poet_n be_v write_v as_o though_o the_o author_n have_v be_v a_o pensioner_n to_o the_o kingdom_n quid_fw-la dignum_fw-la memorare_fw-la tuis_fw-la hispania_n terris_fw-la vex_v humana_fw-la valet_fw-la primo_fw-la lavat_fw-la aequore_fw-la solemn_a india_n tu_fw-la fessos_fw-la exacta_fw-la luce_fw-fr jugales_fw-la proluis_fw-la inque_fw-la tuo_fw-la respirant_fw-la sydera_fw-la fluctu_fw-la dives_fw-la equis_fw-la frugum_fw-la facilis_fw-la pretiosa_fw-la metallis_fw-la principibus_fw-la foecunda_fw-la piis_fw-la what_o note_a thing_n in_o spain_n can_v man_n commend_v as_o indian_a sea_n first_o drench_v the_o morning_n sun_n so_o his_o tire_a steed_n wash_v here_o when_o day_n be_v do_v in_o spanish_a wave_n the_o weary_a star_n take_v breath_n spain_n store_n of_o horse_n fruit_n precious_a metal_n have_v breed_v pious_a prince_n chap._n xv._n caesar_n come_v to_o his_o army_n advance_v forward_o and_o incamp_v near_o unto_o the_o enemy_n within_o two_o day_n after_o caesar_n come_v into_o the_o camp_n with_o nine_o hundred_o horse_n caesar_n which_o he_o have_v keep_v with_o he_o for_o a_o convoy_n the_o bridge_n break_v by_o the_o tempest_n be_v almost_o re-edify_v and_o that_o which_o remain_v undo_v he_o command_v to_o be_v finish_v in_o the_o night_n and_o have_v see_v the_o nature_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n he_o leave_v six_o cohort_n to_o keep_v the_o camp_n and_o the_o bridge_n with_o all_o the_o carriage_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o next_o day_n put_v all_o his_o force_n into_o a_o triple_a battle_n he_o march_v towards_o ilerda_n and_o there_o stand_v a_o while_n in_o arm_n offer_a battle_n in_o a_o equal_a and_o indifferent_a place_n afranius_n bring_v out_o his_o force_n and_o make_v a_o stand_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o hill_n under_o his_o camp_n caesar_n perceive_v that_o afranius_n at_o that_o time_n be_v not_o dispose_v to_o fight_v determine_v to_o incamp_v himself_o some_o 400_o pace_n from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n 4._o and_o lest_o the_o soldier_n shall_v be_v interrupt_v in_o their_o work_n by_o the_o sudden_a assault_n and_o incursion_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o forbid_v they_o to_o fortify_v it_o with_o a_o rampire_n or_o wall_n which_o must_v necessary_o be_v discover_v and_o see_v afar_o off_o but_o cause_v a_o ditch_n to_o be_v make_v of_o fifteen_o foot_n in_o breadth_n in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o camp_n next_o unto_o the_o enemy_n the_o first_o and_o second_o battle_n according_a as_o be_v direct_v continue_v in_o arm_n 4._o and_o the_o three_o battle_n perform_v the_o 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caesar_n intermit_v not_o the_o work_n trust_v to_o three_o legion_n in_o arm_n and_o the_o munition_n of_o the_o ditch_n the_o enemy_n not_o make_v any_o long_a stay_n or_o advance_v further_o than_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o
side_n barbarous_a and_o rude_a nation_n that_o live_v under_o general_a and_o slight_a law_n be_v as_o slight_a and_o rude_a in_o their_o action_n as_o among_o other_o thing_n may_v appear_v in_o that_o the_o spaniard_n think_v it_o no_o scorn_n to_o use_v the_o help_n of_o bladder_n in_o pass_v over_o a_o river_n as_o a_o device_n come_v next_o to_o hand_n which_o the_o people_n of_o a_o wise_a and_o potent_a state_n will_v not_o have_v do_v but_o by_o a_o sure_a and_o substantial_a bridge_n the_o use_n of_o which_o bladder_n as_o it_o have_v be_v ancient_a among_o people_n of_o that_o nature_n so_o it_o be_v continue_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n by_o the_o savage_n inhabit_v groenland_n and_o the_o north_n part_n of_o america_n as_o appear_v by_o discovery_n make_v of_o late_a by_o the_o moscovy_n merchant_n about_o the_o northwest_n passage_n from_o whence_o such_o as_o be_v employ_v in_o those_o voyage_n have_v bring_v great_a and_o large_a bladder_n or_o bag_n make_v of_o seal-skin_n ingenious_o devise_v to_o be_v fill_v and_o blow_v with_o wind_n and_o tie_v behind_o at_o their_o girdle_n and_o at_o their_o collar_n to_o help_v themselves_o in_o swim_v and_o after_o the_o same_o easy_a fashion_n 14._o the_o indian_n of_o peru_n as_o josephus_n acosta_n write_v instead_o of_o wood_n and_o stone_n make_v their_o bridge_n over_o great_a river_n of_o plait_a reed_n which_o they_o fasten_v to_o the_o bank_n on_o each_o side_n with_o stake_n or_o otherwise_o of_o bundle_n of_o straw_n and_o weed_n by_o which_o man_n and_o beast_n if_o there_o be_v any_o credit_n in_o his_o story_n pass_v over_o with_o ease_n howbeit_o as_o when_o the_o ancient_a greek_n will_v note_v a_o man_n of_o extreme_a insufficiency_n they_o will_v say_v he_o can_v neither_o read_v nor_o swim_v so_o caesar_n seem_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n by_o commend_v the_o skill_n of_o swim_v as_o a_o thing_n of_o much_o consequence_n in_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n whereof_o he_o make_v good_a experience_n in_o egypt_n where_o he_o cast_v himself_o into_o a_o small_a boat_n for_o his_o better_a safety_n and_o find_v it_o overcharge_v and_o ready_a to_o sink_v he_o leap_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o swim_v to_o his_o fleet_n which_o be_v two_o hundred_o pace_n off_o holding_z certain_z papers_z in_o his_o left_a hand_n above_o the_o water_n and_o trail_v his_o coat_n of_o arm_n in_o his_o tooth_n that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o enemy_n chap._n xviii_o afranius_n march_v with_o three_o legion_n to_o cut_v off_o a_o party_n the_o scarcity_n of_o victual_n in_o caesar_n army_n it_o be_v tell_v afranius_n caesar_n of_o great_a troop_n and_o convoy_n that_o be_v come_v to_o caesar_n but_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o water_n and_o abode_n there_o by_o the_o river_n side_n for_o thither_o be_v come_v archer_n out_o of_o ruthenia_n and_o horseman_n out_o of_o gallia_n with_o many_o car_n and_o carriage_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o gall_n there_o be_v beside_o of_o all_o sort_n about_o six_o thousand_o man_n with_o their_o servant_n and_o attendant_n but_o without_o order_n or_o any_o know_a command_n for_o every_o man_n be_v at_o his_o own_o liberty_n travel_v the_o country_n without_o fear_n according_a to_o the_o former_a freedom_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o way_n there_o be_v likewise_o many_o young_a man_n of_o good_a rank_n senator_n son_n and_o knight_n of_o rome_n beside_o ambassador_n from_o sundry_a state_n and_o divers_a of_o caesar_n legate_n all_o these_o be_v keep_v back_o by_o the_o river_n afâ—anius_n go_v out_o in_o the_o night_n time_n with_o three_o legion_n and_o all_o his_o horse_n to_o cut_v off_o this_o party_n and_o send_v his_o cavalry_n before_o set_v upon_o they_o unaware_o howbeit_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o gall_n put_v themselves_o speedy_o in_o order_n and_o buckle_v with_o they_o and_o as_o long_o as_o it_o stand_v upon_o indifferent_a term_n they_o be_v but_o a_o few_o do_v withstand_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o discover_v the_o ensign_n of_o the_o legion_n come_v towards_o they_o some_o few_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v the_o rest_n betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o next_o hill_n this_o small_a time_n of_o encounter_n be_v of_o great_a consequence_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o our_o man_n 4._o for_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o have_v opportunity_n to_o take_v the_o upper_a ground_n there_o be_v lose_v that_o day_n two_o hundred_o archer_n a_o few_o horseman_n and_o no_o great_a number_n of_o the_o soldier_n boy_n together_o with_o the_o baggage_n victual_n by_o reason_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n wax_v very_o dear_a as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o present_a want_n as_o also_o for_o fear_v of_o future_a penury_n as_o common_o it_o happen_v in_o such_o case_n insomuch_o as_o a_o bushel_n of_o corn_n be_v worth_a fifty_o penny_n whereby_o the_o soldier_n grow_v weak_a for_o want_v of_o sustenance_n and_o the_o inconvenience_n thereof_o daily_o more_o and_o more_o increase_v for_o so_o great_a be_v the_o alteration_n which_o happen_v in_o a_o few_o day_n that_o our_o man_n be_v much_o afflict_v with_o the_o extreme_a want_n of_o all_o necessary_a provision_n whereas_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n have_v all_o thing_n in_o abundance_n be_v hold_v for_o victor_n caesar_n send_v unto_o those_o state_n which_o be_v of_o his_o party_n and_o instead_o of_o corn_n give_v they_o order_n to_o furnish_v he_o with_o cattle_n dismiss_v soldier_n boy_n and_o send_v they_o to_o town_n far_o off_o relieve_v the_o present_a scarcity_n by_o all_o the_o mean_n he_o can_v afranius_n and_o petreius_n together_o with_o their_o friend_n enlarge_v these_o thing_n in_o their_o letter_n to_o rome_n rumour_n and_o report_v add_v much_o hereunto_o as_o that_o the_o war_n be_v even_o almost_o at_o a_o end_n these_o messenger_n and_o letter_n be_v come_v to_o rome_n there_o be_v great_a concourse_n from_o all_o part_n to_o afranius_n house_n much_o congratulation_n and_o rejoice_v for_o these_o thing_n and_o thereupon_o many_o go_v out_o of_o italy_n to_o pompey_n some_o to_o be_v the_o first_o messenger_n of_o the_o news_n other_o that_o they_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o expect_v the_o event_n of_o the_o war_n and_o so_o prove_v the_o last_o that_o come_v to_o that_o party_n when_o the_o matter_n be_v bring_v to_o these_o difficulty_n and_o extremity_n and_o all_o the_o way_n be_v keep_v by_o afranius_n soldier_n and_o horseman_n and_o no_o bridge_n can_v be_v make_v caesar_n give_v order_n to_o the_o soldier_n to_o make_v such_o 4._o boat_n and_o bark_n as_o he_o have_v in_o former_a year_n teach_v they_o the_o use_n of_o in_o the_o war_n of_o britain_n the_o keel_n whereof_o be_v build_v of_o light_a stuff_n and_o small_a timber_n and_o the_o upper_a part_n make_v with_o wicker_n and_o cover_v with_o hide_n which_o be_v finish_v he_o jade_v they_o upon_o carres_n and_o carry_v they_o in_o the_o night_n some_o twenty_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o camp_n and_o in_o those_o bark_n transport_v his_o soldier_n over_o the_o river_n upon_o a_o sudden_a he_o possess_v himself_o of_o a_o little_a hill_n which_o lie_v near_o unto_o the_o water_n side_n which_o hill_n he_o speedy_o fortify_v before_o the_o enemy_n have_v notice_n thereof_o afterward_o he_o bring_v over_o a_o legion_n to_o that_o place_n and_o make_v a_o bridge_n from_o side_n to_o side_n in_o two_o day_n space_n and_o so_o the_o convoy_n which_o have_v go_v forth_o for_o provision_n and_o forage_v return_v back_o in_o safety_n whereby_o he_o begin_v to_o settle_v a_o course_n for_o provision_n of_o corn._n the_o same_o day_n he_o pass_v over_o the_o the_o river_n a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o cavalry_n who_o fall_v unlooked_a for_o upon_o the_o forager_n scatter_v here_o and_o there_o without_o fear_n or_o suspicion_n cut_v off_o a_o great_a number_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n whereupon_o the_o enemy_n send_v certain_a spanish_a troop_n bear_v little_a round_a buckler_n to_o second_v and_o relieve_v the_o forager_n they_o divide_v themselves_o of_o purpose_n into_o two_o part_n the_o one_o to_o keep_v and_o defend_v the_o booty_n which_o they_o have_v get_v and_o the_o other_o to_o resist_v and_o beat_v back_o the_o force_n send_v to_o charge_v they_o one_o of_o our_o cohort_n which_o have_v easy_o run_v out_o before_o the_o army_n be_v intercept_v and_o cut_v off_o the_o rest_n return_v by_o the_o bridge_n into_o the_o camp_n in_o safety_n with_o a_o great_a booty_n the_o first_o observation_n these_o rutheni_n inhabit_v that_o part_n of_o provence_n where_o rhodes_n now_o stand_v rutheni_n among_o who_o caesar_n have_v ordinary_o a_o legion_n or_o two_o in_o garrison_n rutheni_n for_o the_o better_a keep_n of_o the_o country_n in_o obedience_n 1._o
the_o turkish_a sultan_n and_o confirm_v the_o same_o by_o a_o oath_n take_v upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n do_v nevertheless_o at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o julian_n a_o cardinal_n who_o take_v upon_o he_o by_o power_n from_o the_o pope_n to_o disannul_v the_o league_n and_o absolve_v he_o from_o the_o oath_n break_v the_o peace_n and_o give_v battle_n to_o amurath_n at_o varna_n where_o the_o infidel_n take_v occasion_n impious_o to_o blaspheme_v in_o call_v for_o vengeance_n on_o such_o as_o in_o their_o deed_n have_v deny_v the_o godhead_n of_o their_o most_o sacred_a &_o bless_a lord_n and_o be_v there_o slay_v to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o the_o reproach_n of_o christian_a name_n neither_o do_v the_o cardinal_n escape_v the_o vengeance_n which_o his_o treachery_n have_v draw_v upon_o that_o royal_a army_n but_o be_v there_o wound_v unto_o death_n be_v find_v lie_v in_o the_o high_a way_n by_o gregory_n sanose_n ready_a to_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n and_o seem_v but_o to_o stay_v to_o take_v with_o he_o the_o bitter_a curse_n of_o such_o as_o pass_v by_o fly_v from_o the_o battle_n as_o the_o due_a reward_n of_o his_o perfidious_a absolution_n the_o second_o observation_n in_o case_n of_o difficulty_n and_o hazard_n as_o caesar_n note_v there_o be_v always_o great_a help_n in_o a_o good_a courage_n potest_fw-la for_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o good_a hap_n attend_v a_o valorous_a carriage_n or_o that_o virtue_n be_v able_a to_o remove_v all_o opposition_n gerendum_fw-la or_o what_o other_o cause_n there_o be_v beside_o but_o thus_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o such_o as_o entertain_v a_o noble_a resolution_n be_v ever_o safe_a in_o extremity_n of_o peril_n and_o instead_o of_o loss_n get_v honour_n and_o renown_n brasidas_n find_v a_o mouse_n among_o dry_a fig_n plutarch_n which_o bite_v he_o so_o that_o he_o let_v she_o go_v &_o thereupon_o say_v to_o those_o that_o stand_v by_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o little_a that_o can_v not_o save_v itself_o if_o it_o have_v a_o heart_n to_o defend_v itself_o against_o such_o as_o assault_v it_o and_o herein_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o the_o poet_n have_v deliver_v metamer_n seris_fw-la venit_fw-la usus_fw-la ab_fw-la annis_fw-la time_n and_o practice_n do_v much_o avail_v to_o perfect_v this_o courage_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n of_o war_n as_o know_v aforehand_o the_o weight_n of_o such_o labour_n and_o have_v encounter_v the_o like_a danger_n even_o to_o the_o redeem_n of_o themselves_o from_o the_o jaw_n of_o death_n 〈…〉_z whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o comic_a say_v no_o man_n can_v possible_o come_v so_o well_o furnish_v to_o any_o course_n of_o life_n but_o that_o time_n and_o experience_n do_v always_o teach_v he_o what_o he_o know_v not_o before_o whereas_o other_o that_o go_v raw_o to_o work_v be_v so_o daunt_v with_o the_o unusual_a look_n of_o war_n as_o they_o forget_v the_o profession_n of_o arm_n do_v run_v headlong_o into_o the_o danger_n they_o seek_v to_o avoid_v be_v able_a to_o give_v no_o other_o account_n of_o their_o service_n tâ—ren_n but_o that_o they_o march_v many_o body_n viâ—i_fw-la and_o but_o a_o few_o men._n the_o three_o observation_n 7._o plutarch_n valerius_n maximus_n appian_n suetonius_n &_o lucan_n do_v all_o write_v that_o caesar_n impatient_a of_o the_o slay_n of_o his_o force_n at_o brundu_n sium_fw-la embark_v himself_o in_o a_o small_a frigate_n of_o twelve_o oar_n destiny_n disguise_v in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o slave_n and_o put_v to_o sea_n to_o fetch_v his_o legion_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o coast_n swarm_v with_o the_o enemy_n ship_v but_o meet_v with_o a_o contrary_a wind_n which_o will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o get_v out_o of_o the_o river_n anius_n the_o master_n command_v the_o mariner_n to_o cast_v about_o and_o get_v to_o shore_n whereupon_o caesar_n discover_v himself_o encourage_v he_o to_o go_v forward_o for_o that_o he_o carry_v caesar_n and_o his_o fortune_n the_o master_n forget_v all_o danger_n make_v out_o again_o to_o get_v to_o sea_n but_o be_v by_o force_n of_o the_o tempest_n drive_v to_o return_v to_o caesar_n great_a grief_n and_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v hereof_o in_o these_o commentary_n yet_o the_o authority_n of_o so_o many_o grave_a author_n be_v not_o to_o be_v contemn_v chap._n x._o caesar_n haste_v to_o meet_v with_o antonius_n and_o prevent_v pompey_n caesar_n and_o pompey_n have_v both_o intelligence_n almost_o at_o one_o instant_a of_o time_n of_o antonius_n fleet_n caesar_n for_o they_o see_v they_o pass_v by_o apollonia_n and_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o direct_v their_o journey_n along_o the_o coast_n after_o they_o but_o they_o understand_v not_o for_o a_o while_n where_o they_o be_v land_v howbeit_o have_v notice_n thereof_o either_o of_o they_o take_v a_o contrary_a resolution_n for_o caesar_n purpose_v to_o join_v with_o antonius_n assoon_o as_o possible_o he_o may_v and_o pompey_n resolve_v to_o hinder_v their_o meeting_n and_o by_o ambushment_n if_o he_o can_v to_o set_v upon_o they_o at_o unaware_o the_o same_o day_n either_o of_o they_o draw_v their_o army_n out_o of_o their_o stand_a camp_n upon_o the_o river_n apsus_n pompey_n secret_o and_o by_o night_n caesar_n open_o and_o by_o day_n but_o caesar_n have_v the_o great_a circuit_n to_o fetch_v and_o a_o long_a journey_n to_o go_v up_o the_o river_n to_o find_v a_o ford_n pompey_n have_v a_o ready_a way_n and_o no_o river_n to_o pass_v make_v towards_o antonius_n by_o great_a journey_n and_o when_o he_o understand_v that_o he_o come_v near_o unto_o he_o choose_v a_o convenient_a place_n and_o there_o bestow_v his_o force_n keep_v every_o man_n within_o the_o camp_n and_o forbid_v fire_n to_o be_v make_v that_o his_o come_n may_v be_v the_o more_o hide_a whereof_o antonius_n be_v present_o advertise_v by_o the_o greek_n he_o dispatch_v messenger_n to_o caesar_n and_o keep_v himself_o one_o day_n within_o his_o camp_n the_o next_o day_n caesar_n come_v unto_o he_o upon_o notice_n thereof_o pompey_n leave_v that_o place_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v entrap_v between_o two_o army_n and_o come_v with_o all_o his_o force_n to_o asparagus_n which_o appertain_v to_o they_o of_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o there_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n pitch_v his_o camp_n observation_n where_o two_o army_n be_v in_o a_o country_n and_o one_o of_o they_o have_v succour_n come_v to_o renforce_v they_o each_o of_o those_o party_n be_v by_o the_o example_n of_o these_o glorious_a commander_n caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la to_o make_v towards_o those_o succour_n the_o one_o to_o cut_v they_o off_o and_o the_o other_o to_o keep_v they_o stand_v and_o to_o that_o end_n as_o it_o suit_v pompey_n condition_n to_o go_v secret_o howsoever_o caesar_n note_v it_o as_o a_o touch_n to_o his_o valour_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o stand_v not_o only_o well_o enough_o with_o caesar_n party_n to_o go_v open_o but_o also_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o his_o courage_n and_o magnanimity_n and_o may_v raise_v he_o estimation_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o greek_n the_o disadvantage_n which_o pompey_n can_v take_v thereby_o be_v the_o danger_n to_o be_v enclose_v with_o army_n which_o he_o foresee_v avoid_v chap._n xi_o scipio_n preparation_n in_o asia_n to_o come_v into_o greece_n to_o assist_v pompey_n about_o this_o time_n scipio_n caesar_n have_v sustain_v divers_a loss_n near_o the_o mount_n amanus_n cilicia_n do_v nevertheless_o call_v himself_o by_o the_o name_n of_o imperator_n and_o thereupon_o command_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v levy_v of_o the_o city_n and_o potentate_n of_o those_o quarter_n take_v from_o the_o general_a receiver_n of_o that_o province_n all_o the_o money_n that_o be_v in_o their_o hand_n for_o two_o year_n past_a and_o command_v they_o to_o disburse_v by_o way_n of_o loan_n the_o receipt_n for_o the_o year_n to_o come_v and_o require_v horseman_n to_o be_v levy_v throughout_o all_o the_o province_n have_v gather_v these_o together_o he_o leave_v the_o parthian_n be_v near_o enemy_n unto_o he_o who_o a_o little_a before_o have_v slay_v m._n crassus_n the_o general_n and_o besiege_v m._n bibulus_n and_o draw_v the_o legion_n out_o of_o syria_n be_v send_v special_o thither_o to_o keep_v and_o settle_v that_o province_n much_o amuze_v through_o fear_n of_o the_o parthian_a war_n at_o his_o departure_n some_o speech_n be_v give_v out_o by_o the_o soldier_n that_o if_o they_o be_v lead_v against_o a_o enemy_n they_o will_v go_v but_o against_o a_o citizen_n and_o consul_n they_o will_v not_o bear_v arm_n the_o army_n be_v bring_v to_o pergamus_n and_o there_o garrison_v for_o that_o winter_n in_o divers_a rich_a city_n he_o distribute_v great_a largess_n and_o gift_n and_o for_o the_o better_a assure_v of_o the_o soldier_n unto_o he_o give_v
themselves_o with_o they_o among_o who_o be_v m._n opimius_n the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n the_o rest_n of_o those_o two_o troop_n they_o either_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n or_o take_v alive_a and_o bring_v they_o to_o domitius_n caesar_n as_o be_v before_o show_v have_v withdraw_v the_o garrison_n from_o along_o all_o the_o sea-coast_n leave_v only_o three_o cohort_n at_o oricum_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n and_o to_o they_o he_o commit_v the_o custodic_n and_o safe_a keep_n of_o the_o galley_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o italy_n whereof_o acilius_n the_o legate_n have_v the_o charge_n be_v left_a governor_n of_o the_o town_n he_o for_o the_o better_a security_n of_o the_o ship_n have_v draw_v all_o the_o fleet_n into_o a_o back_n angle_n behind_o the_o town_n and_o there_o fasten_v they_o to_o the_o shore_n and_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n have_v sink_v a_o great_a ship_n and_o set_v another_o by_o she_o upon_o which_o he_o build_v a_o tower_n to_o keep_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o port_n and_o fill_v the_o same_o with_o soldier_n to_o defend_v the_o haven_n from_o any_o sudden_a attempt_n upon_o notice_n whereof_o pompey_n son_n be_v admiral_n of_o the_o egyptian_a fleet_n come_v to_o oricum_n and_o with_o many_o haulser_n and_o hook_n weigh_v up_o the_o sink_a ship_n and_o assault_v the_o other_o ship_n set_v by_o acilius_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o haven_n with_o ship_n wherein_o he_o have_v make_v tower_n which_o stand_v by_o counterpoise_n that_o he_o may_v sight_v with_o advantage_n of_o height_n supply_v continual_o fresh_a man_n and_o attempt_v also_o from_o the_o land_n side_n to_o take_v the_o town_n by_o scale_a ladder_n as_o by_o sea_n with_o his_o navy_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v distract_v and_o dismember_v the_o force_n within_o in_o the_o end_n with_o extreme_a labour_n and_o multitude_n of_o weapon_n he_o overcome_v our_o party_n and_o take_v the_o ship_n have_v cast_v out_o such_o as_o have_v the_o guard_n who_o flee_v all_o away_o with_o skiff_n and_o bo_n at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v likewise_o seize_v of_o a_o small_a height_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o town_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o peninsula_n he_o convey_v over_o four_o small_a biremes_n galley_n with_o roller_n and_o lever_n into_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o harbour_n lie_v behind_o the_o town_n insomuch_o as_o set_v on_o each_o side_n upon_o the_o galley_n tie_v unto_o the_o shore_n empty_a and_o unfurnished_a he_o carry_v four_o of_o they_o away_o and_o burn_v the_o rest_n this_o be_v do_v he_o leave_v d._n laelius_n who_o he_o have_v take_v from_o the_o egyptian_a fleet_n to_o keep_v the_o passage_n that_o no_o victual_n or_o other_o provision_n may_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o town_n either_o from_o bullis_n or_o amantia_n and_o he_o himself_o go_v to_o lissus_n find_v thirty_o ship_n of_o burden_n which_o antonius_n have_v leave_v within_o that_o haven_n and_o set_v they_o all_o on_o fire_n and_o as_o he_o go_v about_o to_o take_v lissus_n the_o soldier_n which_o caesar_n have_v put_v there_o for_o a_o garrison_n to_o the_o town_n together_o with_o the_o roman_a citizen_n and_o the_o townsman_n thereof_o do_v so_o well_o defend_v the_o same_o that_o after_o he_o have_v continue_v there_o three_o day_n and_o lose_v a_o few_o man_n in_o the_o siege_n he_o leave_v the_o place_n without_o effect_v any_o thing_n observation_n a_o ambushment_n be_v easy_o at_o all_o time_n lay_v but_o to_o do_v it_o so_o that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v suspect_v and_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v fall_v into_o the_o danger_n thereof_o be_v that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v arm_v at_o therein_o and_o therefore_o to_o give_v the_o better_a colour_n to_o such_o design_n the_o trick_n have_v be_v to_o pretend_v fear_n and_o so_o slight_a or_o want_v of_o corn_n or_o somewhat_o else_o to_o draw_v the_o enemy_n to_o follow_v after_o with_o more_o boldness_n and_o resolution_n and_o so_o to_o have_v it_o well_o do_v there_o must_v be_v two_o deceit_n to_o assist_v each_o other_o as_o in_o this_o of_o domitius_n to_o make_v show_n of_o remove_v through_o scarcity_n and_o want_n and_o then_o to_o lie_v in_o wait_n for_o a_o advantage_n according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o spaniard_n 5._o a_o un_fw-fr traydor_n do_v alevosos_n for_o the_o prevention_n of_o such_o snare_n of_o deceit_n the_o rule_n be_v general_o give_v by_o onosander_n that_o the_o departure_n or_o fall_v away_o of_o a_o enemy_n be_v always_o to_o be_v suspect_v and_o for_o the_o more_o security_n therein_o experience_a commander_n have_v be_v careful_a before_o they_o stir_v their_o army_n to_o make_v exact_a discovery_n even_o to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o intend_v to_o lodge_v for_o as_o in_o physic_n it_o be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o cure_n to_o know_v the_o disease_n so_o in_o matter_n of_o war_n the_o danger_n be_v almost_o over_o when_o it_o be_v perceive_v whence_o it_o may_v grow_v the_o manner_n observe_v in_o discovery_n have_v usual_o be_v to_o send_v the_o party_n out_o in_o three_o company_n or_o troop_n the_o first_o consist_v of_o a_o small_a number_n to_o beat_v the_o way_n at_o ease_n and_o to_o range_v about_o from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v find_v convenient_a the_o second_o company_n be_v somewhat_o strong_a to_o second_v and_o relieve_v the_o first_o if_o there_o be_v occasion_n and_o the_o three_o able_a to_o engage_v a_o good_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n cyrus_n dispose_v of_o his_o forerunner_n cyropaed_n as_o appear_v in_o xenophon_n but_o this_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o time_n and_o place_n and_o other_o circumstance_n may_v vary_v as_o shall_v seem_v expedient_a to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o general_n chap._n xv._n caesar_n march_v towards_o pompey_n offer_v he_o battle_n and_o cut_v he_o off_o from_o dyrrachium_fw-la after_o caesar_n understand_v that_o pompey_n be_v at_o asparagus_n he_o march_v thitherward_o with_o his_o army_n caesar_n and_o take_v by_o the_o way_n the_o town_n of_o the_o parthinians_n wherein_o pompey_n have_v put_v a_o garrison_n the_o three_o day_n he_o come_v to_o pompey_n in_o macedonia_n and_o lodge_v himself_o fast_o by_o he_o the_o next_o day_n he_o draw_v out_o his_o force_n and_o put_v they_o in_o order_n present_v he_o battle_n but_o when_o he_o find_v that_o he_o will_v not_o accept_v thereof_o he_o draw_v back_o his_o army_n into_o the_o camp_n and_o bethink_v himself_o of_o some_o other_o course_n for_o the_o next_o day_n take_v a_o difficult_a and_o narrow_a way_n he_o set_v forward_o with_o all_o his_o force_n towards_o dyrrachium_fw-la hope_v either_o to_o draw_v pompey_n to_o fight_v or_o to_o force_v the_o town_n or_o at_o least_o â—o_o cut_v he_o off_o from_o all_o convoy_n and_o munition_n which_o be_v there_o store_v up_o for_o the_o whole_a provision_n of_o the_o war_n as_o afterward_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v for_o pompey_n be_v ignorant_a at_o first_o of_o his_o purpose_n inasmuch_o as_o he_o take_v a_o contrary_a way_n think_v he_o have_v be_v drive_v thence_o through_o scarcity_n and_o want_n of_o corn._n but_o be_v afterward_o advertise_v by_o the_o discoverer_n what_o course_n he_o take_v he_o rise_v the_o next_o day_n in_o hope_n to_o meet_v he_o a_o near_a way_n which_o caesar_n suspect_v exhort_v the_o soldier_n to_o endure_v a_o little_a labour_n with_o patience_n and_o rest_v a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o night_n in_o the_o morning_n he_o come_v before_o dyrrachium_fw-la even_o as_o the_o first_o troup_n of_o pompey_n army_n be_v discover_v afar_o off_o and_o there_o encamp_v himself_o pompey_n be_v cut_v off_o from_o dyrrachium_fw-la when_o he_o can_v not_o accomplish_v his_o purpose_n fall_v to_o a_o second_o resolution_n and_o fortify_v his_o camp_n in_o a_o eminent_a place_n lucan_n call_v petra_n from_o whence_o there_o be_v a_o indifferent_a passage_n to_o the_o ship_n and_o shelter_v likewise_o the_o haven_n from_o certain_a wind_n thither_o he_o command_v part_n of_o the_o ship_n to_o be_v bring_v together_o with_o corn_n and_o provision_n of_o victual_n from_o asia_n and_o such_o other_o country_n as_o be_v in_o his_o obedience_n caesar_n doubt_v that_o the_o war_n will_v prove_v long_o and_o tedious_a and_o despair_v of_o any_o succour_n of_o victual_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o italy_n for_o that_o all_o the_o shore_n be_v with_o great_a diligence_n keep_v by_o pompey_n party_n and_o that_o the_o ship_n which_o in_o wâ—nter_v he_o have_v make_v in_o sicilia_n gallia_n and_o italia_n be_v stay_v and_o come_v not_o to_o he_o he_o dispatch_v l._n canuleius_n a_o legate_n into_o epirus_n to_o make_v provision_n of_o corn._n and_o forasmuch_o as_o those_o region_n
down_o the_o hill_n they_o dâ—d_v the_o more_o urge_v and_o press_v upon_o they_o and_o will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o fall_v back_o for_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o forsake_v the_o place_n for_o fear_n it_o be_v report_v that_o pompey_n shall_v then_o in_o a_o vainglory_n say_v to_o those_o that_o be_v about_o he_o that_o he_o will_v be_v content_a to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o general_n of_o no_o worthâ—_n if_o caesar_n man_n can_v make_v any_o retreat_n from_o thence_o where_o they_o be_v so_o rash_o engage_v without_o great_a loss_n caesar_n fear_v the_o retreat_n of_o his_o soldier_n cause_v hurdle_n to_o be_v bring_v and_o sâ—t_v against_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o behind_o they_o sink_v a_o trench_n of_o a_o indifferent_a latitude_n and_o encumber_a the_o place_n as_o much_o as_o possible_o he_o can_v he_o lodge_v also_o slinger_n in_o convenient_a place_n to_o defend_v his_o man_n in_o their_o retreat_n these_o thing_n be_v perfect_v he_o cause_v the_o legion_n to_o be_v draw_v back_o but_o pompey_n party_n begin_v with_o great_a boldness_n and_o insolency_n to_o press_v our_o people_n and_o put_v by_o the_o hurdle_n which_o be_v set_v there_o as_o a_o barricado_n they_o pass_v over_o the_o ditch_n which_o when_o caesar_n perceive_v fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v rather_o seem_v to_o be_v beat_v off_o then_o be_v bring_v back_o whereby_o a_o great_a scandal_n may_v consequent_o ensue_v have_v almost_o from_o the_o midway_n encourage_v his_o man_n by_o antonius_n who_o command_v that_o legion_n he_o will_v that_o the_o sign_n of_o charge_v the_o enemy_n shall_v be_v give_v by_o a_o trumpet_n and_o give_v order_n to_o assault_v they_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o nine_o legion_n put_v themselves_o sudden_o into_o order_n throw_v their_o pâ—les_n and_o run_v furious_o from_o the_o low_a ground_n up_o the_o steep_a of_o the_o hill_n drive_v the_o enemy_n headlong_o from_o they_o who_o find_v the_o hurdle_n the_o long_a pole_n and_o the_o ditch_n to_o be_v a_o great_a hindrance_n unto_o they_o in_o their_o retreat_n it_o content_v our_o man_n to_o leave_v the_o place_n without_o loss_n so_o that_o have_v slay_v many_o of_o they_o they_o come_v away_o very_o quiet_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o sieve_n of_o their_o fellow_n and_o have_v stay_v about_o that_o place_n a_o while_n they_o take_v other_o hill_n and_o perfect_v the_o fortification_n upon_o they_o observation_n this_o chapter_n show_v that_o advantage_n of_o place_n and_o some_o such_o industrious_a course_n as_o may_v be_v fit_v to_o the_o occasion_n be_v of_o great_a consequence_n in_o extremity_n of_o war_n but_o above_o all_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o available_a to_o clear_v a_o danger_n than_o valour_n valour_n be_v the_o hercules_n that_o overcome_v so_o many_o monster_n and_o verifi_v that_o say_n which_o can_v be_v too_o often_o repeat_v virtute_fw-la faciendum_fw-la est_fw-la quâ—cquid_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la bellicis_fw-la est_fw-la gerendum_fw-la what_o a_o man_n do_v in_o matter_n of_o war_n must_v be_v do_v with_o valour_n but_o of_o this_o i_o have_v already_o treat_v chap._n xviii_o the_o scarcity_n which_o either_o partiâ—_n endure_v in_o this_o siege_n the_o carriage_n of_o that_o war_n be_v in_o a_o strange_a and_o unusual_a manner_n caesar_n as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o fort_n and_o castle_n contain_v such_o a_o circuit_n of_o ground_n within_o one_o continue_a fortification_n as_o also_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o whole_a siege_n and_o of_o other_o consequent_n depend_v thereupon_o for_o whosoever_o go_v about_o to_o besiege_v another_o do_v either_o take_v occasion_n from_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o enemy_n daunt_v or_o strike_v with_o fear_n or_o overcome_v in_o battle_n or_o otherwise_o be_v move_v thereunto_o by_o some_o injury_n offer_v whereas_o now_o it_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v far_o the_o strong_a both_o in_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o general_o the_o cause_n of_o almost_o all_o siege_n be_v to_o keep_v a_o enemy_n from_o provision_n of_o corn_n but_o caesar_n be_v then_o far_o inferior_a in_o number_n of_o soldier_n do_v nevertheless_o besiege_v a_o army_n of_o entire_a and_o untouched_a force_n especial_o at_o a_o time_n when_o they_o abound_v with_o all_o necessary_a provision_n for_o every_o day_n come_v great_a store_n of_o ship_v from_o all_o part_n bring_v plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n needful_a neither_o can_v there_o any_o wind_n blow_n which_o be_v not_o good_a from_o some_o part_n or_o other_o on_o the_o other_o side_n caesar_n have_v spend_v all_o the_o corn_n he_o can_v get_v far_o or_o near_o be_v in_o great_a want_n and_o scarcity_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o soldier_n do_v bear_v it_o with_o singular_a patience_n for_o they_o remember_v how_o they_o have_v suffer_v the_o like_a the_o year_n before_o in_o spain_n and_o yet_o with_o patience_n and_o labour_n have_v end_v a_o great_a and_o dangerous_a war_n they_o remember_v likewise_o the_o exceed_a great_a want_n they_o endure_v at_o alesia_n and_o much_o great_a at_o avaricum_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o they_o go_v away_o conqueror_n of_o many_o great_a nation_n they_o refuse_v neither_o barley_n nor_o pease_n when_o it_o be_v give_v they_o in_o stead_n of_o wheat_n and_o of_o cattle_n whereof_o they_o be_v furnish_v with_o great_a store_n out_o of_o epirus_n they_o make_v great_a account_n there_o be_v also_o a_o kind_n of_o root_n find_v out_o by_o they_o that_o be_v with_o valerius_n call_v chara_n which_o eat_v with_o milk_n do_v much_o relieve_v their_o want_n and_o make_v withal_o a_o kind_n of_o bread_n whereof_o they_o have_v plenty_n and_o when_o pompey_n party_n happen_v in_o their_o colloquy_n to_o cast_v in_o their_o tooth_n their_o scarcity_n and_o misery_n they_o will_v common_o throw_v this_o kind_n of_o bread_n at_o they_o and_o scatter_v it_o in_o divers_a place_n to_o discourage_v they_o in_o their_o hope_n and_o now_o corn_n begin_v to_o be_v ripe_a and_o hope_v itself_o do_v relieve_v their_o want_n for_o that_o they_o trust_v to_o have_v plenty_n within_o a_o short_a time_n and_o oftentimes_o the_o soldier_n in_o their_o watch_n and_o conference_n be_v hear_v to_o let_v fall_v speech_n that_o they_o will_v rather_o eat_v the_o bark_n of_o tree_n then_o suffer_v pompey_n to_o escape_v out_o of_o their_o hand_n beside_o they_o understand_v by_o such_o as_o run_v away_o from_o the_o enemy_n that_o their_o horse_n of_o service_n can_v scarce_o be_v keep_v alive_a and_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o cattle_n be_v all_o dead_a and_o that_o the_o soldier_n themselves_o be_v in_o no_o good_a health_n as_o well_o through_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o be_v pen_v as_o also_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o ill_a savour_n and_o multitude_n of_o dead_a body_n together_o with_o continual_a labour_n be_v unaccustomed_a to_o travel_v and_o pain_n but_o especial_o through_o the_o extreme_a want_n of_o water_n for_o all_o the_o river_n and_o brook_n of_o that_o quarter_n caesar_n have_v either_o turn_v another_o way_n or_o dam_v up_o with_o great_a work_n and_o as_o the_o place_n be_v mountainous_a with_o some_o intermission_n and_o distinction_n of_o valley_n in_o the_o form_n and_o fashion_n of_o a_o cave_n or_o den_n so_o he_o stop_v the_o same_o with_o great_a pile_n beat_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o interlate_v with_o faggot_n and_o hurdle_n and_o then_o strengthen_v with_o earth_n to_o keep_v back_o the_o water_n insomuch_o as_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o seek_v low_a ground_n and_o marish_a place_n and_o there_o to_o sink_v well_n which_o labour_n they_o be_v glad_a to_o undertake_v beside_o their_o daily_a work_n albeit_o these_o well_n stand_v far_o distant_a from_o their_o garrison_n and_o be_v quick_o dry_v up_o with_o heat_n but_o caesar_n army_n be_v in_o exceed_v good_a health_n and_o have_v plenty_n of_o water_n together_o with_o all_o kind_n of_o provision_n except_v wheat_n which_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n daily_o bring_v on_o and_o give_v they_o hope_n of_o store_n harvest_n be_v so_o near_o at_o hand_n in_o this_o new_a course_n of_o war_n new_a policy_n and_o device_n of_o warfare_n be_v invent_v and_o put_v in_o practice_n by_o either_o party_n they_o perceive_v by_o the_o fire_n that_o our_o cohort_n in_o the_o night_n time_n keep_v watch_v at_o the_o work_n come_v steal_v out_o and_o discharge_v all_o their_o arrow_n upon_o they_o and_o then_o present_o retreat_v wherewith_o our_o man_n be_v warn_v find_v out_o this_o remedy_n that_o they_o make_v their_o fire_n in_o one_o place_n and_o keep_v their_o watch_n in_o another_o the_o first_o observation_n forasmuch_o as_o all_o matter_n of_o attempt_n do_v much_o import_n the_o fortune_n of_o a_o war_n we_o may_v not_o omit_v to_o take_v notice_n
army_n and_o engage_v they_o in_o fight_n among_o who_o caesar_n oppose_v his_o horseman_n and_o intermingle_v with_o they_o four_o hundred_o expedite_a soldier_n of_o they_o that_o have_v place_n before_o the_o ensign_n who_o so_o much_o prevail_v in_o the_o encounter_n that_o they_o drive_v they_o all_o away_o before_o they_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o and_o return_v themselves_o in_o safety_n to_o their_o troop_n caesar_n have_v make_v a_o just_a day_n march_v according_a to_o his_o first_o determination_n and_o bring_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n genusus_n he_o lodge_v in_o his_o old_a camp_n over_o against_o asparagus_n and_o keep_v all_o the_o soldier_n within_o the_o rampire_n command_v the_o horse_n that_o go_v out_o to_o forage_v to_o be_v present_o take_v in_o by_o the_o decumane_a port._n the_o first_o observation_n albeit_o that_o of_o cato_n be_v true_a 14._o that_o a_o error_n in_o â—ight_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o amendment_n yet_o out_o oâ—_n that_o which_o happen_v amiss_o may_v always_o be_v somewhat_o gather_v to_o repair_v the_o disadvantage_n and_o to_o dispose_v a_o party_n to_o better_a carriage_n for_o the_o future_a according_o we_o may_v note_v caesar_n notable_a temper_n and_o demeanour_n after_o so_o great_a a_o loss_n recall_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o soldier_n and_o settle_v their_o mind_n in_o a_o course_n of_o good_a resolution_n with_o as_o many_o valuable_a reason_n as_o humane_a wisdom_n be_v able_a to_o afford_v he_o without_o which_o all_o their_o other_o advantage_n either_o of_o valour_n or_o experience_n and_o use_v of_o arm_n or_o their_o assuredness_n after_o so_o many_o victory_n or_o what_o other_o thing_n soever_o that_o make_v they_o excel_v all_o other_o army_n have_v be_v utter_o bury_v in_o this_o overthrow_n for_o his_o better_a furtherance_n wherein_o he_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o use_v the_o help_n of_o time_n before_o he_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o like_a trial_n for_o that_o which_o be_v say_v of_o 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commander_n to_o dislodge_v himself_o and_o to_o leave_v his_o adversary_n for_o a_o time_n but_o the_o mean_n to_o do_v it_o safety_n depend_v special_o upon_o these_o two_o point_n the_o one_o be_v to_o advance_v himself_o onward_o at_o first_o as_o far_o as_o possible_o he_o can_v to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v get_v the_o start_n before_o the_o enemy_n be_v ready_a to_o follow_v he_o and_o be_v teach_v by_o xenophon_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o cyrus_n in_o the_o battle_n against_o king_n artaxerxes_n bring_v back_o a_o thousand_o man_n into_o greece_n from_o a_o army_n of_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o horse_n that_o press_v hard_o upon_o they_o for_o five_o hundred_o league_n together_o which_o retreat_n be_v exact_o story_v by_o the_o say_a author_n in_o seven_o book_n contain_v all_o the_o difficulty_n concern_v this_o point_n among_o which_o we_o find_v this_o passage_n it_o much_o import_v we_o say_v he_o to_o go_v as_o far_o at_o first_o as_o possible_a we_o can_v 2._o to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v have_v some_o advantage_n of_o space_n before_o the_o enemy_n that_o press_v so_o near_o behind_o for_o if_o we_o once_o get_v before_o and_o can_v outstrip_v they_o for_o a_o day_n journey_n or_o two_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o overtake_v we_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o dare_v not_o follow_v we_o with_o a_o small_a troup_n and_o with_o great_a force_n they_o can_v never_o reach_v we_o beside_o the_o scarcity_n and_o want_n of_o victual_n they_o fall_v into_o by_o follow_v we_o that_o consume_v all_o before_o they_o thus_o far_o go_v xenophon_n and_o according_a to_o this_o rule_n caesar_n order_v his_o retreat_n for_o he_o get_v the_o start_n of_o pompey_n so_o far_o the_o first_o day_n by_o that_o eight_o mile_n he_o gain_v in_o the_o afternoon_n as_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n that_o he_o be_v never_o able_a to_o overtake_v he_o the_o second_o thing_n for_o the_o assure_v of_o a_o retreat_n be_v so_o to_o provide_v against_o the_o incumberance_n of_o a_o enemy_n that_o he_o may_v not_o find_v it_o easy_a to_o attack_v he_o that_o will_v be_v go_v of_o all_o retreat_n which_o may_v any_o way_n be_v take_v from_o example_n of_o beast_n that_o of_o the_o wolf_n be_v most_o commend_v who_o never_o fly_v but_o with_o his_o head_n turn_v back_o upon_o his_o adversary_n and_o show_v such_o tooth_n as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v trust_v after_o the_o wolf_n manner_n march_v caesar_n for_o howsoever_o the_o body_n of_o his_o army_n retreat_v one_o way_n yet_o they_o turn_v so_o terrible_a a_o countenance_n towards_o the_o enemy_n as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v endure_v and_o upon_o these_o two_o hinge_n be_v turn_v the_o carriage_n of_o a_o skilful_a retreat_n howbeit_o for_o the_o better_a furtherance_n hereof_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o add_v hereunto_o some_o invention_n practise_v by_o great_a commander_n which_o may_v serve_v to_o amuse_v a_o enemy_n while_o a_o general_n do_v prepare_v himself_o to_o observe_v the_o former_a point_n king_n philip_n of_o macedon_n 31._o desirous_a to_o leave_v the_o roman_a army_n send_v a_o herald_n to_o the_o consul_n to_o demand_v a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n while_o he_o bury_v his_o dead_a which_o he_o purpose_v to_o perform_v the_o next_o day_n with_o some_o care_n and_o solemnity_n which_o be_v obtain_v he_o dislodge_v himself_o secret_o that_o night_n and_o be_v get_v far_o on_o his_o way_n before_o the_o roman_n perceive_v it_o hannibal_n 27._o to_o clear_v his_o army_n from_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v command_v by_o the_o consul_n nero_n about_o midnight_n make_v many_o fire_n in_o that_o part_n which_o stand_v next_o the_o roman_a camp_n &_o leave_v certain_a pavilion_n &_o lodging_n with_o some_o few_o numidian_n to_o show_v themselves_o upon_o the_o rampire_n he_o depart_v secret_o towards_o puteolis_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v day_n the_o roman_n according_a to_o their_o custom_n approach_v the_o counterscarp_n the_o numidian_n show_v themselves_o and_o then_o sudden_o make_v after_o their_o fellow_n as_o fast_o as_o their_o horse_n can_v carry_v they_o the_o consul_n find_v a_o great_a silence_n in_o the_o camp_n send_v two_o light-horseman_n to_o discover_v the_o matter_n who_o return_v tell_v he_o of_o the_o enemy_n departure_n in_o like_a manner_n civili_fw-la varus_n as_o be_v former_o relate_v leave_v a_o trumpeter_n in_o the_o camp_n near_o utica_n with_o certain_a tent_n and_o about_o midnight_n carry_v his_o army_n secret_o into_o the_o town_n mithridates_n 1._o willing_a to_o leave_v pompey_n that_o cut_v he_o off_o short_a the_o better_a to_o cover_v his_o departure_n make_v show_v of_o make_v great_a provision_n of_o forage_n than_o he_o be_v accustom_v appoint_a conference_n the_o next_o day_n make_v great_a store_n of_o fire_n in_o his_o camp_n and_o then_o in_o the_o night_n escape_v away_o the_o persian_n in_o the_o voyage_n which_o solyman_n the_o turk_n make_v against_o they_o in_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o fifty_o four_o be_v drive_v to_o a_o place_n where_o the_o ottoman_n think_v to_o have_v have_v a_o hand_n upon_o they_o gather_v every_o man_n a_o faggot_n and_o make_v a_o great_a heap_n thereof_o set_v they_o all_o on_o fire_n in_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o turk_n army_n which_o burn_v so_o furious_o as_o the_o persian_a escape_v before_o the_o enemy_n can_v pass_v by_o the_o fire_n chap._n xxvi_o caesar_n go_v on_o in_o his_o retreat_n pompey_n cease_v to_o follow_v he_o in_o like_a manner_n caesar_n pompey_n have_v that_o day_n march_v a_o full_a journey_n betake_v himself_o to_o his_o former_a lodging_n at_o asparagus_n and_o for_o that_o the_o soldier_n be_v not_o trouble_v with_o fortify_v their_o camp_n by_o reason_n all_o the_o work_n be_v whole_a &_o entire_a many_o
often_o intend_v not_o to_o deceive_v the_o opinion_n which_o other_o man_n have_v of_o their_o prowess_n and_o valour_n labienus_n second_v this_o speech_n as_o contemn_v caesar_n force_n extol_v pompey_n resolution_n to_o the_o sky_n do_v not_o think_v pompey_n say_v he_o that_o this_o be_v the_o army_n wherewith_o he_o conquer_v gallia_n or_o germania_n i_o be_v present_v myself_o at_o all_o those_o battle_n and_o do_v not_o speak_v rash_o what_o i_o be_o ignorant_a of_o there_o be_v a_o very_a small_a piece_n of_o that_o army_n remain_v a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v dead_a as_o it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v in_o so_o many_o battle_n the_o pestilence_n the_o last_o autumn_n in_o italy_n consume_v many_o of_o they_o many_o be_v go_v home_o and_o many_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o continent_n have_v you_o not_o hear_v that_o the_o cohort_n which_o be_v now_o at_o brundisium_n be_v make_v and_o raise_v of_o such_o as_o remain_v behind_o there_o to_o recover_v their_o health_n these_o force_n that_o you_o see_v be_v the_o last_o year_n gather_v of_o the_o muster_n make_v in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n and_o most_o of_o they_o of_o the_o colony_n beyond_o the_o po_n and_o yet_o all_o the_o flower_n and_o strength_n of_o they_o be_v take_v away_o in_o the_o last_o two_o overthrow_n at_o dyrrachium_fw-la when_o he_o have_v speak_v these_o thing_n he_o take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n not_o to_o return_v into_o the_o camp_n but_o with_o victory_n exhort_v the_o rest_n to_o do_v the_o like_a pompey_n commend_v he_o take_v the_o same_o oath_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o man_n that_o refuse_v it_o these_o thing_n be_v thus_o carry_v in_o the_o council_n they_o rise_v up_o and_o depart_v with_o great_a hope_n and_o joy_n of_o all_o man_n as_o have_v already_o conceive_v victory_n in_o their_o mind_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o they_o think_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v speak_v vain_o by_o so_o skilful_a a_o commander_n in_o so_o weighty_a and_o important_a a_o cause_n observation_n concern_v the_o fashion_n of_o the_o cavalry_n in_o which_o either_o party_n repose_v so_o much_o confidence_n we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o horseman_n the_o one_o complete_o arm_v according_a to_o their_o manner_n and_o incorporate_v in_o the_o body_n of_o their_o legion_n who_o entertainment_n be_v thrice_o as_o much_o as_o the_o footman_n aeque_fw-la impotens_fw-la postulatum_fw-la fuit_fw-la say_v livy_n ut_fw-la de_fw-la stipendio_fw-la equitum_fw-la merebant_fw-la autem_fw-la triplex_fw-la ea_fw-la tempestate_fw-la aera_fw-la demerentur_fw-la 7._o it_o seem_v as_o unreasonable_a a_o motion_n that_o the_o horseman_n pay_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v triple_a shall_v be_v lessen_v and_o the_o other_o be_v as_o light-horseman_n which_o they_o call_v alarii_n the_o first_o sort_n be_v thus_o arm_v 3._o as_o josephus_n witness_v excid_n they_o wear_v a_o sword_n on_o their_o right_a side_n somewhat_o long_o than_o that_o of_o the_o footman_n and_o carry_v a_o long_a staff_n or_o spear_n in_o their_o hand_n a_o target_n at_o their_o horse_n side_n and_o three_o or_o more_o dart_n in_o a_o quiver_n with_o broad_a head_n and_o not_o much_o less_o than_o their_o staff_n have_v such_o head_n piece_n and_o corselet_n as_o the_o footman_n have_v the_o light-armed_n man_n have_v either_o light_a dart_n or_o bow_n and_o arrow_n and_o doubtless_o their_o chief_a service_n be_v with_o their_o cast_a weapon_n and_o according_o tully_n put_v his_o son_n in_o mind_n of_o the_o praise_n he_o have_v get_v in_o pompey_n army_n where_o he_o command_v a_o wing_n of_o horse_n equitando_fw-la offic._n jaculando_fw-la omni_fw-la militari_fw-la labour_v tolerando_fw-la in_o ride_v cast_v dart_n and_o undergo_a all_o military_a duty_n and_o as_o their_o service_n consist_v in_o break_v their_o staff_n upon_o a_o enemy_n and_o in_o cast_v their_o dart_n so_o we_o exercise_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o former_a in_o our_o triumph_n at_o tilt_n and_o the_o spaniard_n the_o late_a in_o their_o jocuo_n di_fw-mi cane_z the_o pistolier_n that_o will_v do_v somewhat_o to_o purpose_n do_v come_v up_o close_o to_o the_o other_o &_o discharge_v his_o pistol_n in_o his_o enemy_n neck_n or_o under_o the_o corselet_n about_o the_o flank_n or_o seat_n of_o a_o man_n and_o common_o miss_v not_o i_o have_v see_v a_o device_n to_o use_v a_o musket_n on_o horseback_n which_o if_o it_o prove_v as_o serviceable_a as_o be_v by_o some_o conceive_a will_v be_v of_o great_a advantage_n chap._n xxxi_o the_o manner_n of_o imbattel_v their_o army_n as_o caesar_n approach_v near_o unto_o pompey_n camp_n 〈◊〉_d he_o observe_v his_o army_n to_o be_v imbattel_v in_o this_o manner_n there_o be_v in_o the_o left_a cornet_n two_o legion_n which_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o these_o broil_n be_v by_o order_n and_o decree_n of_o senate_n take_v from_o caesar_n whereof_o one_o be_v call_v the_o first_o and_o the_o other_o the_o three_o and_o with_o they_o stand_v pompey_n scipio_n have_v the_o middle_a squadron_n with_o the_o legion_n he_o bring_v out_o of_o syria_n the_o legion_n of_o cilicia_n join_v with_o the_o spanish_a cohort_n which_o afranius_n bring_v with_o he_o make_v the_o right_a cornet_n these_o pompey_n hold_v to_o be_v very_o strong_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o troop_n be_v interlace_v between_o the_o middle_a squadron_n and_o the_o cornet_n all_o make_v one_o hundred_o and_o ten_o cohort_n which_o amount_v to_o fifty_o five_o thousand_o man_n beside_o two_o thousand_o old_a soldier_n and_o man_n of_o note_n who_o he_o have_v call_v out_o to_o that_o war_n and_o disperse_v they_o over_o all_o the_o army_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o cohort_n which_o be_v seven_o he_o have_v leave_v in_o the_o camp_n or_o dispose_v about_o the_o fort_n near_o adjoin_v the_o right_a cornet_n be_v flank_v with_o a_o river_n that_o have_v high_a and_o cumbersome_a bank_n and_o thereupon_o he_o put_v all_o his_o cavalry_n together_o with_o the_o archer_n &_o slinger_n in_o the_o left_a cornet_n caesar_n observe_v his_o former_a custom_n place_v the_o ten_o legion_n in_o the_o right_a cornet_n and_o the_o nine_o in_o the_o left_a albeit_o they_o be_v very_o much_o weaken_v in_o the_o fight_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la but_o to_o this_o he_o so_o join_v the_o eight_o that_o he_o seem_v almost_o to_o make_v one_o of_o two_o and_o command_v they_o to_o succour_v each_o other_o he_o have_v in_o all_o about_o eighty_o cohort_n which_o make_v twenty_o two_o thousand_o man_n two_o cohort_n he_o leave_v to_o keep_v the_o camp_n he_o give_v the_o left_a cornet_n to_o antonius_n the_o right_a to_o pub._n sylla_n and_o the_o middle_a squadron_n to_o cn._n domitius_n and_o put_v himself_o opposite_a to_o pompey_n and_o withal_o have_v well_o observe_v these_o thing_n according_a as_o i_o have_v former_o declare_v fear_v lest_o the_o right_a cornet_n shall_v be_v enclose_v about_o with_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o cavalry_n he_o speedy_o 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consulship_n which_o obtain_v he_o carry_v himself_o in_o it_o with_o that_o reputation_n that_o his_o co-consul_n bibulus_n leave_v all_o to_o his_o managery_n to_o maintain_v the_o authority_n he_o have_v get_v he_o himself_o take_v to_o wife_n calpurnia_n the_o daughter_n of_o lucius_n piso_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o consulate_a and_o bestow_v his_o own_o daughter_n julia_n on_o pompey_n and_o so_o take_v in_o crassus_n they_o make_v a_o league_n and_o be_v equal_o ambitious_a conspire_v to_o invade_v the_o commonwealth_n caesar_n choose_v for_o his_o province_n the_o gall_n or_o france_n crassus_n asia_n pompey_n spain_n whither_o they_o go_v with_o three_o puissant_a army_n as_o if_o the_o world_n have_v be_v to_o be_v trichotomize_v among_o these_o three_o what_o caesar_n do_v in_o his_o province_n what_o battle_n he_o fight_v what_o people_n he_o subdue_v what_o valour_n policy_n success_n follow_v he_o every_o where_o may_v be_v see_v in_o his_o own_o 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the_o league_n with_o pompey_n and_o crassus_n nay_o his_o court_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n both_o soldier_n and_o citizen_n be_v none_o of_o his_o least_o masterpiece_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o have_v supplant_v pompey_n in_o matter_n of_o esteem_n before_o he_o perceive_v it_o to_o this_o purpose_n have_v pliny_n observe_v lib._n 33._o cap._n 3._o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o aedility_n that_o be_v to_o say_v his_o shrievedome_n he_o be_v so_o prodigal_a that_o all_o the_o utensil_n and_o arm_n that_o he_o make_v use_v of_o at_o public_a sport_n and_o combat_n be_v all_o of_o silver_n which_o yet_o afterward_o be_v bestow_v among_o the_o people_n and_o that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o bring_v forth_o the_o beast_n in_o chariot_n and_o cage_n of_o silver_n this_o it_o be_v make_v some_o suspect_v he_o guilty_a of_o rapine_n and_o that_o he_o plunder_v temple_n and_o city_n saepius_fw-la ob_fw-la praedam_fw-la quam_fw-la ob_fw-la delictum_fw-la but_o this_o 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those_o late_a and_o fresh_a injury_n for_o that_o they_o have_v attempt_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o province_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n sack_v and_o pillage_v the_o heduan_o ambaâ—s_n and_o allobrogian_o that_o do_v so_o insolent_o vaunt_v of_o their_o victory_n admire_v that_o these_o injury_n be_v suffer_v so_o long_a time_n to_o rest_v unrevenged_a come_v all_o in_o the_o end_n to_o one_o pass_n for_o the_o immortal_a god_n be_v go_v sometime_o to_o give_v happiness_n and_o long_a impunity_n to_o man_n that_o by_o the_o great_a alteration_n of_o thing_n the_o punishment_n shall_v be_v the_o more_o grievous_a for_o their_o offence_n howbeit_o if_o they_o will_v give_v hostage_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v agree_v upon_o and_o satisfy_v the_o heduan_o and_o allobrogian_o together_o with_o their_o ally_n for_o the_o injury_n they_o have_v do_v unto_o they_o he_o will_v be_v content_a to_o make_v peace_n with_o they_o divico_n reply_v that_o 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send_v out_o two_o other_o cohort_n to_o succour_v they_o who_o make_v distance_n between_o they_o as_o they_o stand_v the_o court_n of_o guard_n retire_v itself_o in_o safety_n through_o that_o space_n into_o the_o camp_n otherwise_o we_o never_o find_v that_o the_o first_o battle_n make_v any_o retreat_n into_o the_o ally_n between_o the_o maniple_n of_o the_o second_o battle_n but_o when_o it_o fail_v in_o any_o part_n the_o second_o and_o three_o go_v present_o to_o second_v they_o as_o appear_v in_o the_o battle_n follow_v with_o ariovistus_n and_o in_o divers_a other_o concern_v the_o use_n of_o this_o triple_a battle_n romana_fw-la what_o can_v be_v say_v more_o than_o lipsius_n have_v do_v where_o he_o lay_v open_v the_o particular_a commodity_n thereof_o as_o far_o forth_o as_o a_o speculative_a judgement_n can_v discern_v of_o thing_n so_o far_o remote_a from_o the_o use_n of_o this_o age_n which_o never_o imitate_v this_o triple_a battle_n but_o only_o in_o a_o march_n for_o 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their_o exile_a judgement_n discover_v their_o breath_n of_o discipline_n for_o contrary_a to_o the_o course_n of_o military_a government_n they_o have_v presume_v not_o only_o to_o make_v inquiry_n but_o to_o give_v out_o whither_o and_o upon_o what_o service_n they_o be_v carry_v which_o in_o the_o rigour_n of_o camp-policy_n can_v not_o pass_v without_o due_a punishment_n for_o what_o can_v more_o contradict_v the_o fortunate_a success_n of_o a_o expedition_n then_o to_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v measure_v with_o the_o vulgar_a conceit_n or_o weigh_v in_o the_o balance_n of_o such_o false_a judgement_n especial_o when_o those_o weak_a censor_n be_v to_o be_v actor_n and_o executioner_n of_o the_o design_n for_o then_o every_o man_n will_v suit_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n according_a to_o his_o own_o humour_n although_o his_o humour_n be_v lead_v with_o blindness_n and_o have_v no_o other_o direction_n than_o a_o uncertain_a apprehension_n of_o profit_n or_o disadvantage_n and_o in_o this_o case_n there_o can_v be_v a_o better_a precedent_n than_o nature_n have_v prescribe_v for_o as_o natural_a agent_n whilst_o they_o concur_v to_o produce_v a_o work_n of_o absolute_a perfection_n neither_o know_v what_o they_o do_v nor_o can_v discern_v the_o thing_n they_o look_v upon_o but_o yield_v themselves_o to_o be_v guide_v by_o a_o moderator_n of_o infinite_a knowledge_n so_o ought_v a_o multitude_n to_o submit_v their_o ability_n to_o the_o direction_n of_o some_o wise_a and_o prudent_a captain_n that_o behold_v the_o action_n in_o true_a honour_n and_o balance_v the_o loss_n of_o many_o particular_n with_o the_o health_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o public_a good_a for_o if_o every_o man_n shall_v prescribe_v who_o shall_v obey_v tam_fw-la nescire_fw-la quaedam_fw-la milites_fw-la quam_fw-la scire_fw-la oportet_fw-la say_v otho_n in_o tacitus_n upon_o the_o like_a disorder_n and_o again_o parendo_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la imperia_fw-la ducum_fw-la sciscitando_fw-la res_fw-la militares_fw-la continentur_fw-la which_o prove_v that_o the_o great_a virtue_n which_o be_v require_v in_o a_o soldier_n be_v obedience_n as_o a_o thing_n wherein_o the_o force_n of_o all_o discipline_n consist_v the_o three_o observation_n in_o the_o reason_n which_o he_o use_v to_o prove_v their_o disparity_n of_o valour_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o roman_n country_n who_o be_v superior_a to_o the_o helvetian_o that_o have_v oftentimes_o overthrow_v the_o german_n he_o strengthen_v the_o argument_n with_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n and_o say_v that_o the_o helvetian_o have_v put_v they_o to_o the_o worst_a not_o only_a where_o the_o helvetian_o dwell_v themselves_o but_o even_o in_o their_o own_o country_n and_o at_o home_n at_o their_o own_o door_n as_o though_o a_o enemy_n be_v charge_v with_o great_a fury_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o man_n own_o country_n and_o dear_a friend_n then_o in_o a_o strange_a and_o unknown_a land_n this_o question_n be_v handle_v in_o the_o roman_a senate_n by_o fabius_n maximus_n and_o scipio_n surname_v africanus_n when_o they_o sit_v in_o council_n how_o to_o rid_v their_o country_n of_o that_o subtle_a carthaginian_a that_o for_o sixteen_o year_n space_n have_v fret_v like_o a_o canker_n the_o beauty_n of_o italy_n waste_v the_o land_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o desolation_n sack_v their_o confederate_n or_o alienate_v they_o from_o their_o duty_n overthrow_v their_o army_n slay_v their_o consul_n and_o threaten_v their_o imperial_a city_n with_o ruin_n and_o destruction_n fabius_n upon_o the_o motion_n to_o make_v war_n in_o africa_n think_v it_o agreeable_a to_o nature_n first_o to_o defend_v that_o which_o be_v their_o own_o before_o they_o attempt_v other_o man_n possession_n when_o peace_n be_v establish_v in_o italy_n then_o let_v war_n be_v set_v on_o foot_n in_o africa_n and_o first_o let_v they_o be_v without_o fear_n themselves_o before_o they_o go_v about_o to_o terrify_v other_o for_o those_o force_n afford_v little_a hope_n of_o victory_n in_o another_o kingdom_n that_o be_v not_o able_a to_o free_v their_o own_o country_n from_o so_o dangerous_a a_o enemy_n alcibiades_z overthrow_v the_o athenian_a commonweal_n with_o the_o like_a counsel_n and_o concern_v hannibal_n let_v they_o be_v sure_a of_o this_o that_o they_o shall_v find_v he_o a_o sore_a enemy_n in_o his_o own_o country_n then_o in_o another_o kingdom_n scipio_n on_o the_o other_o side_n carry_v on_o with_o the_o honour_n of_o so_o glorious_a a_o enterprise_n want_v neither_o reason_n nor_o example_n to_o impugn_v fabius_n his_o authority_n for_o he_o show_v that_o agathocles_n the_o syracusian_a king_n be_v a_o long_a time_n afflict_v with_o the_o punic_a war_n avert_v the_o carthaginian_a from_o sicily_n by_o transport_v his_o force_n into_o africa_n but_o how_o powerful_a it_o be_v to_o take_v away_o fear_v by_o retort_v danger_n upon_o the_o oppressor_n can_v there_o be_v a_o present_a example_n than_o hannibal_n there_o be_v great_a difference_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n between_o the_o spoil_n and_o waste_v of_o a_o stranger_n country_n and_o to_o see_v their_o own_o native_a country_n waste_v with_o sword_n and_o destruction_n plus_fw-fr animi_fw-la est_fw-la inferenti_fw-la periculum_fw-la quam_fw-la propulsanti_fw-la for_o he_o that_o invade_v another_o kingdom_n easy_o discover_v both_o the_o advantage_n which_o may_v be_v take_v against_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o strength_n whereupon_o he_o rest_v and_o among_o the_o variable_a event_n of_o war_n many_o unexpected_a occasion_n arise_v which_o present_a victory_n to_o he_o that_o be_v ready_a to_o take_v it_o and_o many_o strange_a chance_n so_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o thing_n that_o no_o foresight_n can_v discern_v what_o may_v happen_v with_o these_o and_o the_o like_a remonstrance_n this_o question_n of_o no_o less_o doubt_n than_o importance_n be_v handle_v by_o two_o famous_a and_o worthy_a captain_n who_o mind_n as_o it_o seem_v be_v entangle_v with_o such_o particular_a affection_n for_o the_o present_a as_o may_v rather_o draw_v they_o to_o wrest_v reason_n to_o their_o own_o humour_n then_o to_o determine_v in_o sincerity_n of_o judgement_n upon_o what_o specialty_n the_o truth_n be_v ground_v in_o the_o contrariety_n of_o their_o position_n but_o to_o leave_v other_o commodity_n or_o disadvantage_n which_o be_v annex_v unto_o either_o part_n i_o will_v only_o set_v down_o some_o reason_n to_o prove_v how_o valour_n and_o courage_n may_v either_o grow_v or_o be_v abate_v by_o the_o accident_n which_o rise_v in_o a_o war_n of_o that_o nature_n and_o first_o this_o can_v be_v deny_v the_o testimony_n of_o a_o infallible_a truth_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o property_n of_o man_n nature_n that_o as_o advantage_n bring_v hope_n of_o victory_n and_o hope_n conceive_v such_o spirit_n as_o usual_o follow_v when_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v hope_v for_o be_v effect_v and_o thereby_o the_o courage_n become_v hardy_a and_o resolute_a in_o victory_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n disadvantage_n and_o danger_n breed_v fear_n &_o fear_v so_o check_v valour_n and_o control_v the_o spirit_n that_o virtue_n and_o honour_n give_v place_n to_o distrust_v and_o yield_v up_o their_o interest_n to_o such_o directour_n as_o can_v afford_v nothing_o but_o diffidence_n and_o irresolution_n neither_o can_n to_o be_v deny_v but_o he_o that_o set_v upon_o a_o enemy_n in_o a_o strange_a country_n and_o so_o prevent_v such_o attempt_n as_o may_v be_v make_v upon_o his_o own_o territory_n have_v that_o advantage_n which_o give_v life_n unto_o action_n and_o steel_v his_o enterprise_n with_o resolution_n for_o beside_o the_o commodity_n of_o leave_v when_o he_o list_v and_o proceed_v as_o far_o forth_o as_o he_o shall_v find_v his_o mean_n able_a to_o fortunate_a his_o attempt_n he_o know_v that_o the_o strife_n and_o controversy_n be_v not_o forth_o be_v native_a country_n which_o he_o quiet_o enjoy_v and_o be_v reserve_v at_o all_o time_n to_o entertain_v he_o howsoever_o fortune_n shall_v favour_v his_o design_n but_o for_o a_o stranger_n kingdom_n which_o his_o ambition_n thirst_v after_o wherein_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o riches_n and_o wealth_n of_o that_o state_n be_v lay_v before_o they_o as_o the_o recompense_n of_o their_o labour_n beside_o the_o honour_n which_o be_v achieve_v thereby_o every_o man_n valour_n soar_v at_o a_o high_a pitch_n and_o their_o courage_n be_v increase_v without_o any_o trouble_n or_o disturbance_n of_o the_o other_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n but_o when_o a_o prince_n shall_v be_v assault_v in_o his_o own_o kingdom_n and_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o subject_n have_v â—is_n land_n consume_v with_o ruin_n and_o destruction_n the_o danger_n will_v so_o disturb_v the_o power_n of_o the_o soul_n thaâ—â—â—ough_o the_o turbulent_a disorder_n of_o the_o weak_a part_n the_o better_a faculty_n will_v lose_v their_o prerogative_n of_o advise_v how_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v best_a resist_v when_o as_o every_o
man_n shall_v apprehend_v the_o terror_n of_o the_o danger_n and_o few_o or_o none_o conceive_v the_o true_a mean_n to_o avoid_v it_o and_o albeit_o the_o presence_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v dear_a to_o his_o soul_n as_o the_o piety_n and_o respect_n of_o age_a parent_n the_o tender_a affection_n towards_o wife_n and_o child_n be_v sufficient_a to_o raise_v valour_n to_o the_o high_a point_n of_o resolution_n yet_o the_o motive_n be_v of_o such_o weight_n as_o will_v rather_o make_v they_o dissident_n of_o their_o own_o worth_n as_o unsufficient_a to_o maintain_v so_o great_a a_o cause_n then_o hold_v they_o in_o that_o key_n which_o true_a honour_n affect_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o terror_n and_o fear_n of_o so_o great_a a_o danger_n will_v present_v a_o great_a measure_n of_o woe_n to_o their_o mind_n than_o the_o hope_n of_o victory_n can_v afford_v they_o joy_n hence_o therefore_o grow_v the_o difference_n between_o he_o that_o seek_v to_o maintain_v that_o estate_n which_o he_o have_v in_o possession_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n and_o another_o that_o seek_v to_o increase_v his_o mean_n by_o valour_n for_o the_o former_a be_v present_v with_o the_o danger_n of_o lose_v all_o his_o estate_n which_o affright_v and_o trouble_v have_v no_o other_o reward_n propound_v unto_o he_o and_o the_o other_o look_v upon_o the_o advantage_n which_o he_o gain_v by_o overcome_v which_o much_o increase_v his_o valour_n without_o any_o loss_n or_o disadvantage_n if_o he_o chance_v to_o be_v put_v to_o the_o worst_a and_o therefore_o there_o be_v always_o great_a odds_o between_o he_o that_o have_v already_o lose_v his_o good_n and_o be_v by_o that_o mean_n become_v desperate_a have_v nothing_o further_a to_o lose_v and_o another_o that_o yet_o keep_v his_o substance_n but_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o lose_v it_o for_o fear_n will_v so_o dismay_v his_o mind_n that_o he_o will_v rather_o distrust_v his_o own_o ability_n then_o entertain_v a_o resolution_n of_o valour_n to_o prove_v this_o we_o need_v not_o seek_v other_o example_n than_o those_o imperial_a city_n in_o who_o cause_n this_o controversy_n be_v first_o move_v for_o when_o hannibal_n be_v come_v into_o italy_n and_o have_v defeat_v sempronius_n the_o consul_n at_o trebia_n the_o roman_n be_v drive_v into_o such_o a_o ecstasy_n of_o terror_n that_o they_o believe_v very_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v then_o come_v to_o assault_v the_o city_n neither_o have_v they_o any_o hope_n or_o aid_v in_o themselves_o to_o keep_v or_o defend_v the_o same_o on_o the_o other_o side_n scipio_n be_v no_o soon_o land_v in_o africa_n but_o there_o be_v such_o a_o tumult_n in_o carthage_n as_o though_o the_o city_n have_v be_v already_o take_v neither_o can_v the_o opinion_n of_o victory_n which_o hannibal_n by_o a_o conquer_a army_n in_o italy_n have_v confirm_v for_o sixteen_o year_n together_o prevail_v in_o the_o apprehension_n of_o so_o imminent_a a_o danger_n and_o then_o that_o which_o fabius_n borrow_v of_o nature_n to_o teach_v the_o roman_n that_o first_o man_n ought_v to_o defend_v their_o own_o before_o they_o seek_v other_o man_n possessiton_n be_v careful_o follow_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n for_o with_o all_o speed_n they_o send_v for_o hannibal_n out_o of_o italy_n to_o be_v their_o champion_n against_o young_a scipio_n if_o therefore_o other_o thing_n be_v correspondent_a as_o there_o be_v many_o other_o particularity_n concern_v the_o power_n and_o strength_n of_o either_o nation_n to_o be_v consider_v i_o take_v it_o much_o better_o for_o a_o prince_n to_o invade_v a_o enemy_n in_o his_o own_o country_n then_o to_o attend_v he_o at_o home_n in_o his_o own_o kingdom_n the_o four_o observation_n the_o last_o circumstance_n which_o i_o note_v in_o this_o speech_n be_v the_o trust_n which_o he_o repose_v in_o the_o ten_o legion_n be_v in_o itself_o peradventure_o as_o faulty_a as_o any_o other_o wherein_o he_o show_v great_a art_n and_o singular_a wisdom_n for_o he_o that_o have_v once_o offend_v and_o be_v both_o burden_v with_o the_o guilt_n of_o conscience_n and_o upbraid_v with_o the_o reproach_n of_o man_n can_v hardly_o be_v persuade_v that_o his_o fault_n can_v be_v purge_v with_o any_o satisfaction_n and_o although_o the_o punishment_n be_v remit_v yet_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o fact_n will_v never_o be_v blot_v out_o with_o any_o virtuous_a action_n but_o still_o remain_v to_o cast_v dishonour_n upon_o the_o offender_n and_o to_o accuse_v he_o of_o disloyalty_n and_o therefore_o it_o oftentimes_o happen_v that_o a_o error_n be_v once_o rash_o commit_v through_o despair_n of_o remission_n admit_v no_o true_a penitency_n but_o either_o draw_v on_o more_o grievous_a crime_n confirm_v that_o of_o the_o poet_n scelere_fw-la scelus_fw-la â—uendum_fw-la est_fw-la or_o maintain_v his_o error_n by_o wilful_a obstinacy_n as_o it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o lion_n that_o be_v find_v by_o hunter_n in_o a_o cave_n he_o will_v rather_o die_v in_o the_o place_n then_o quit_v it_o for_o shame_n that_o he_o be_v find_v in_o so_o base_a a_o place_n of_o refuge_n and_o therefore_o his_o property_n be_v thus_o express_v ingrediendo_fw-la caecus_fw-la exeundo_fw-la protervus_fw-la this_o do_v caesar_n wise_o prevent_v by_o clear_v the_o ten_o legion_n of_o that_o of_o which_o he_o accuse_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n which_o make_v they_o the_o more_o earnest_a to_o answer_v his_o expectation_n inasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v witness_v to_o themselves_o of_o a_o common_a error_n and_o the_o other_o legious_a envy_v at_o their_o fortune_n resolve_v to_o show_v as_o great_a alacrity_n in_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o war_n and_o to_o deserve_v more_o than_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o emperor_n have_v impute_v to_o their_o fellow_n chap._n xvii_o the_o treaty_n between_o caesar_n and_o ariovistus_n the_o seven_o day_n caesar_n as_o he_o continue_v on_o his_o march_n his_o spial_n bring_v he_o word_n that_o ariovistus_n with_o all_o his_o force_n be_v within_o twenty_o four_o mile_n of_o that_o place_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o understand_v of_o caesar_n come_n send_v ambassador_n unto_o he_o declare_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v come_v somewhat_o near_o and_o that_o he_o may_v do_v it_o without_o danger_n he_o be_v content_a to_o admit_v of_o a_o parley_n caesar_n refuse_v not_o the_o offer_n think_v now_o to_o find_v he_o reasonable_a in_o that_o he_o offer_v of_o his_o own_o accord_n what_o he_o have_v former_o deny_v at_o caesar_n request_n and_o thereby_o be_v in_o good_a hope_n that_o understanding_n what_o be_v require_v he_o will_v in_o the_o end_n consider_v of_o the_o many_o favour_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o desist_v from_o such_o wilful_a course_n the_o five_o day_n follow_v be_v appoint_v for_o the_o treaty_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o pass_v often_o message_n reciprocal_o between_o they_o ariovistus_n require_v that_o caesar_n will_v not_o bring_v any_o footman_n to_o the_o parley_n for_o that_o he_o fear_v to_o be_v circumvent_v by_o treachery_n and_o therefore_o think_v fit_a that_o either_o party_n shall_v come_v only_o with_o their_o cavalry_n otherwise_o he_o will_v not_o give_v meeting_n caesar_n not_o willing_a to_o put_v off_o the_o treaty_n for_o any_o such_o cause_n nor_o yet_o dare_v to_o put_v himself_o in_o trust_n to_o the_o french_a horse_n think_v it_o most_o convenient_a to_o leave_v the_o french_a rider_n behind_o he_o and_o to_o set_v the_o soldier_n of_o the_o ten_o legion_n who_o he_o best_o trust_v upon_o their_o horse_n that_o if_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n he_o may_v have_v a_o faithful_a guard_n of_o his_o friend_n about_o he_o whereupon_o one_o of_o the_o soldier_n say_v pretty_o that_o caesar_n have_v do_v more_o for_o they_o then_o he_o have_v promise_v for_o he_o have_v say_v before_o he_o will_v make_v the_o ten_o legion_n as_o a_o guard_n to_o his_o person_n and_o now_o he_o have_v enrol_v they_o all_o for_o horseman_n there_o be_v a_o great_a and_o open_a plain_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o a_o rise_a mount_n which_o be_v almost_o in_o the_o mid_a way_n between_o both_o the_o camp_n and_o thither_o according_a to_o the_o agreement_n they_o come_v to_o parley_v the_o legion_n which_o caesar_n have_v bring_v with_o he_o on_o horseback_n he_o place_v two_o hundred_o pace_n from_o the_o say_a mount_n and_o likewise_o the_o horseman_n of_o ariovistus_n stand_v in_o the_o same_o distance_n ariovistus_n request_v they_o may_v talk_v on_o horseback_n and_o bring_v each_o of_o they_o ten_o person_n to_o the_o conference_n at_o their_o meeting_n caesar_n begin_v his_o speech_n with_o a_o commemoration_n of_o the_o favour_n and_o benefit_n the_o senate_n have_v do_v unto_o he_o in_o that_o he_o be_v by_o their_o authority_n entitle_v by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n and_o a_o friend_n and_o thereupon_o
do_v the_o rather_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o singular_a integrity_n and_o his_o perfectness_n in_o the_o french_a tongue_n which_o ariovistus_n through_o long_a continuance_n have_v learn_v and_o that_o the_o german_n have_v no_o cause_n of_o offence_n against_o he_o and_o with_o he_o he_o send_v m._n titius_n that_o be_v familiar_o acquaint_v with_o ariovistus_n with_o instruction_n to_o hear_v what_o be_v say_v and_o to_o make_v report_n thereof_o to_o caesar_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o ariovistus_n see_v come_v into_o his_o camp_n he_o cry_v out_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o army_n demand_v wherefore_o they_o come_v thither_o and_o whether_o they_o be_v not_o send_v as_o spy_n and_o as_o they_o be_v about_o to_o make_v answer_n he_o cut_v they_o off_o and_o command_v they_o to_o be_v put_v in_o iron_n the_o same_o day_n he_o remove_v his_o camp_n and_o lodge_v himself_o under_o a_o hill_n six_o mile_n from_o caesar_n the_o next_o day_n he_o bring_v his_o force_n along_o by_o caesar_n camp_n and_o encamp_v himself_o two_o mile_n beyond_o he_o of_o purpose_n to_o cut_v off_o all_o such_o corn_n and_o convoy_n as_o shall_v be_v send_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o heduan_o and_o sequans_n from_o that_o day_n forward_o by_o the_o space_n of_o five_o day_n together_o caesar_n imbattel_v his_o man_n before_o his_o camp_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o if_o ariovistus_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o give_v battle_n he_o may_v do_v it_o when_o he_o will_v but_o ariovistus_n all_o this_o while_n keep_v his_o army_n within_o his_o camp_n and_o daily_o send_v out_o his_o horseman_n to_o skirmish_v with_o the_o roman_n this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o fight_v which_o the_o german_n have_v practise_v there_o be_v 6000_o horseman_n and_o as_o many_o strong_a and_o nimble_a footman_n who_o the_o horseman_n have_v select_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a host_n every_o man_n one_o for_o his_o safeguard_n these_o they_o have_v always_o at_o hand_n with_o they_o in_o battle_n and_o unto_o these_o they_o resort_v for_o succour_v if_o the_o horseman_n be_v overcharge_v these_o ever_o step_v in_o to_o help_v they_o if_o any_o one_o be_v wound_v or_o unhorse_v they_o come_v about_o he_o and_o succour_v he_o if_o the_o matter_n require_v either_o to_o adventure_v forward_o or_o to_o retire_v speedy_o back_o again_o their_o swiftness_n be_v such_o through_o continual_a exercise_n that_o hang_v on_o the_o horse-mane_n by_o the_o one_o hand_n they_o will_v run_v as_o fast_o as_o the_o horse_n observation_n it_o may_v seem_v strange_a unto_o the_o soldier_n of_o our_o time_n horseman_n that_o the_o footman_n shall_v be_v mingle_v pell-mell_o among_o the_o horseman_n without_o hurt_n and_o disadvantage_n to_o themselves_o so_o unlikely_a it_o be_v that_o they_o shall_v either_o succour_v the_o horseman_n in_o any_o danger_n or_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o some_o have_v imagine_v that_o these_o footman_n in_o the_o encounter_n cast_v themselves_o into_o one_o body_n and_o so_o charge_v the_o enemy_n assist_v the_o horseman_n but_o the_o circumstance_n of_o this_o place_n &_o of_o other_o which_o i_o will_v allege_v 〈◊〉_d purpose_n plain_o evince_v that_o these_o footman_n be_v mingle_v indifferent_o among_o the_o â—orsemen_n to_o assist_v every_o particular_a man_n as_o his_o 〈◊〉_d and_o occasion_n require_v and_o therefore_o the_o choice_n of_o these_o footman_n be_v permit_v to_o the_o horseman_n in_o who_o service_n they_o be_v to_o be_v employ_v that_o every_o man_n may_v take_v his_o friend_n in_o who_o he_o repose_v great_a confidence_n when_o they_o be_v overcharge_v these_o step_v in_o to_o help_v they_o if_o any_o man_n be_v wound_v or_o unhorse_v he_o have_v his_o footman_n ready_a to_o assist_v he_o and_o when_o they_o be_v to_o go_v upon_o any_o speedy_a service_n or_o sudden_o to_o retire_v upon_o advantage_n they_o stay_v themselves_o upon_o the_o mane_n of_o the_o horse_n with_o one_o hand_n and_o so_o run_v as_o fast_o as_o the_o horseman_n can_v go_v which_o service_n they_o can_v not_o possible_o have_v perform_v without_o confusion_n and_o disorder_n if_o the_o footman_n have_v not_o several_o attend_v upon_o they_o according_a to_o the_o affection_n specify_v in_o their_o particular_a election_n the_o principal_a use_n of_o these_o footman_n of_o the_o german_n consist_v in_o the_o aid_n of_o their_o own_o horseman_n upon_o any_o necessity_n not_o so_o much_o regard_v their_o service_n upon_o the_o enemy_n as_o the_o assistance_n of_o their_o horseman_n but_o the_o roman_n have_v long_o before_o practise_v the_o same_o art_n to_o a_o more_o effectual_a purpose_n namely_o as_o a_o principal_a remedy_n not_o only_o to_o resist_v but_o to_o defeat_v far_o great_a troop_n of_o horse_n than_o the_o enemy_n be_v able_a to_o oppose_v against_o they_o whereof_o the_o most_o ancient_a memory_n which_o history_n mention_v be_v record_v by_o livy_n in_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o capua_n under_o the_o regiment_n of_o quintus_n fulvius_n the_o consul_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o all_o their_o conflict_n as_o the_o roman_a legion_n return_v with_o the_o better_a so_o their_o cavalry_n be_v always_o put_v to_o the_o worst_a and_o therefore_o they_o invent_v this_o mean_n to_o make_v that_o good_a by_o art_n which_o be_v want_v in_o force_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v take_v the_o choice_a young_a man_n both_o for_o strength_n and_o agility_n and_o to_o they_o be_v give_v little_a round_a buckler_n and_o seven_o dart_n apiece_o in_o stead_n of_o their_o other_o weapon_n these_o soldier_n practise_v to_o ride_v behind_o the_o horseman_n and_o speedy_o to_o light_v from_o the_o horse_n at_o a_o watchword_n give_v and_o so_o to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n on_o foot_n and_o when_o by_o exercise_n they_o be_v make_v so_o expert_a that_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o invention_n no_o whit_n affright_v they_o the_o roman_a horseman_n go_v forth_o to_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n every_o man_n carry_v his_o foot-souldier_n behind_o he_o who_o at_o the_o encounter_n sudden_o alight_v charge_v upon_o the_o enemy_n with_o such_o a_o fury_n that_o they_o follow_v they_o in_o slaughter_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o capua_n and_o hence_o say_v livy_n grow_v the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o velite_n which_o ever_o after_o that_o time_n be_v enrol_v with_o the_o legion_n the_o author_n of_o this_o stratagem_n be_v say_v to_o be_v one_o q._n navius_n a_o centurion_n and_o be_v honourable_o reward_v by_o fulvius_n the_o consul_n for_o the_o same_o sallust_n in_o the_o history_n of_o jugurth_n say_v that_o marius_n mingle_v the_o velite_n with_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o associate_n ut_fw-la quacunque_fw-la invaderent_fw-la equitatus_fw-la hostium_fw-la propulsarent_fw-la the_o like_a practice_n be_v use_v by_o caesar_n as_o appear_z in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n save_v that_o in_o stead_n of_o the_o velite_n he_o mingle_v with_o his_o horseman_n four_o hundred_o of_o the_o lusty_a of_o his_o legionary_a soldier_n to_o resist_v the_o cavalry_n of_o pompey_n while_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n pass_v over_o the_o river_n genusum_n after_o the_o overthrow_n he_o have_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la qui_fw-la tantum_fw-la profecere_fw-la say_v the_o text_n ut_fw-la equestri_fw-la praelio_fw-la commisso_fw-la pellerent_fw-la omnes_fw-la complures_fw-la interficerent_fw-la ipsique_fw-la incolumes_fw-la ad_fw-la agmen_fw-la se_fw-la reciperent_fw-la many_o other_o place_n may_v be_v recite_v but_o these_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o the_o great_a captain_n of_o ancient_a time_n strengthen_v their_o cavalry_n with_o footman_n disperse_v among_o they_o the_o roman_a horseman_n 6._o say_v polybius_n at_o the_o first_o carry_v but_o a_o weak_a limber_a pole_n or_o staff_n and_o a_o little_a round_a buckler_n but_o afterward_o they_o use_v the_o furniture_n of_o the_o grecian_n exâ—id_n which_o josephus_n affirm_v to_o be_v a_o strong_a lance_n or_o staff_n and_o three_o or_o four_o dart_n in_o a_o quiver_n with_o a_o buckler_n and_o a_o long_a sword_n by_o their_o right_a side_n the_o use_n of_o their_o lance_n be_v most_o effectual_a when_o they_o charge_v in_o troup_n pouldron_n to_o pouldron_n and_o that_o manner_n of_o fight_n afford_v no_o mean_n to_o intermingle_v footman_n but_o when_o they_o use_v their_o dart_n every_o man_n get_v what_o advantage_n of_o ground_n he_o can_v as_o our_o carbine_n for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v and_o so_o the_o footman_n may_v have_v place_n among_o they_o or_o otherwise_o for_o so_o good_a a_o advantage_n they_o will_v easy_o make_v place_n for_o the_o footman_n to_o serve_v among_o they_o but_o howsoever_o it_o be_v it_o appear_v by_o this_o circumstance_n how_o little_a the_o roman_n fear_v troop_n of_o horse_n consider_v that_o the_o best_a mean_n to_o defeat_v their_o horse_n be_v by_o their_o foot_n company_n but_o
to_o make_v it_o more_o plain_a of_o many_o example_n i_o will_v only_o allege_v two_o the_o one_o out_o of_o livy_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o roman_a horseman_n be_v not_o comparable_a for_o service_n to_o footman_n africano_n the_o other_o out_o of_o hirtius_n to_o show_v the_o same_o effect_n against_o stranger_n &_o numidian_a horseman_n in_o the_o consulship_n of_o l._n valerius_n and_o marcus_n horatius_n valerius_n have_v fortunate_o overthrow_v the_o equi_fw-la and_o the_o volsci_n horatius_n proceed_v with_o as_o great_a courage_n in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o sabine_n wherein_o it_o happen_v that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o battle_n the_o sabine_n reserve_v two_o thousand_o of_o their_o man_n to_o give_v a_o fresh_a assault_n upon_o the_o left_a cornet_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o they_o be_v in_o conflict_n which_o take_v such_o effect_n that_o the_o legionary_a footman_n of_o that_o cornet_n be_v force_v to_o retreat_n which_o the_o roman_a horseman_n be_v in_o number_n six_o hundred_o perceive_v and_o not_o be_v able_a with_o their_o horse_n to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n they_o present_o forsake_v their_o horse_n and_o make_v haste_n to_o make_v good_a the_o place_n on_o foot_n wherein_o they_o carry_v themselves_o so_o valiant_o that_o in_o a_o moment_n of_o time_n they_o give_v the_o like_a advantage_n to_o their_o footman_n against_o the_o sabine_n and_o then_o betake_v themselves_o again_o to_o their_o horse_n to_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n in_o chase_n as_o they_o flee_v for_o the_o second_o point_n the_o numidian_n as_o caesar_n witness_v be_v the_o best_a horseman_n that_o ever_o he_o meet_v with_o and_o use_v the_o same_o art_n as_o the_o german_n do_v mingle_v among_o they_o light-armed_n footman_n and_o ambuscado_n of_o these_o numidian_n charge_v the_o legion_n upon_o a_o sudden_a the_o history_n say_v that_o primo_fw-la impetu_fw-la legionis_fw-la equitatus_fw-la &_o levis_fw-la armatura_fw-la hostium_fw-la nullo_n negotio_fw-la loco_fw-la pulsa_fw-la &_o dejecta_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-fr coll_n and_o as_o they_o sometime_o retire_v and_o sometime_o charge_v upon_o the_o rearward_n of_o the_o army_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o numidian_a fight_n the_o history_n say_v caesariani_n interim_n non_fw-la amplius_fw-la tres_fw-la ant_n quatuor_fw-la milites_fw-la veterani_fw-la si_fw-la se_fw-la convertissent_fw-la &_o pila_fw-la viribus_fw-la contortain_v numidas_n infestos_fw-la conâ—ecissent_fw-la amplius_fw-la duorum_fw-la millium_fw-la ad_fw-la unum_fw-la terga_fw-la vertebant_fw-la so_o that_o to_o free_v himself_o of_o this_o inconvenience_n he_o take_v his_o horseman_n out_o of_o the_o rearward_n and_o place_v his_o legion_n there_o ita_fw-la vim_o hostium_fw-la per_fw-la legionarium_fw-la militem_fw-la commodius_fw-la sustinebat_fw-la and_o ever_o as_o he_o march_v he_o cause_v three_o hundred_o soldier_n of_o every_o legion_n to_o be_v free_a and_o without_o burden_n that_o they_o may_v be_v ready_a upon_o all_o occasion_n quos_fw-la in_o equitatum_fw-la labieâ—_n immisit_fw-la tum_o labienus_n conversis_fw-la equis_fw-la signorum_fw-la conspectu_fw-la perterritus_fw-la turpissime_fw-la contendit_fw-la fugere_fw-la multis_fw-la ejus_fw-la occisis_fw-la compluribus_fw-la vulneratis_fw-la milites_fw-la legionarii_fw-la ad_fw-la sua_fw-la se_fw-la recipiunt_fw-la signa_fw-la atque_fw-la iter_fw-la inceptum_fw-la ire_n coeperunt_fw-la i_o allege_v the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o history_n to_o take_v away_o all_o suspicion_n of_o falsify_v or_o wrest_v any_o thing_n to_o a_o affect_a opinion_n if_o any_o man_n will_v look_v into_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o disparity_n he_o shall_v find_v it_o to_o be_v chief_o the_o work_n of_o the_o roman_a pile_n a_o unresistable_a weapon_n and_o the_o terror_n of_o horseman_n especial_o when_o they_o be_v cast_v with_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n and_o fall_v so_o thick_a that_o there_o be_v no_o mean_n to_o avoid_v they_o but_o to_o make_v it_o plain_a that_o any_o light-armed_n footman_n can_v better_a make_v head_n against_o a_o troup_n of_o horse_n than_o the_o cavalry_n of_o their_o own_o party_n although_o they_o bear_v but_o the_o same_o weapon_n let_v we_o consider_v how_o nimble_a and_o ready_a they_o be_v that_o fight_v on_o foot_n either_o to_o take_v a_o advantage_n or_o to_o shun_v and_o avoid_v any_o danger_n cast_v their_o dart_n with_o far_o great_a strength_n and_o more_o certainty_n than_o the_o horseman_n can_v do_v for_o as_o the_o force_n of_o all_o the_o engine_n of_o old_a time_n as_o the_o balistae_fw-la catapultae_n and_o tolenones_n proceed_v from_o that_o stability_n and_o rest_a centre_n which_o nature_n afford_v as_o the_o only_a strength_n and_o life_n of_o the_o engine_n so_o what_o force_n soever_o a_o man_n make_v must_v principal_o proceed_v from_o that_o firmness_n and_o stay_v which_o nature_n by_o the_o earth_n or_o some_o other_o unmoveable_a rest_n give_v to_o the_o body_n from_o whence_o it_o take_v more_o or_o less_o strength_n according_a to_o the_o violence_n which_o it_o perform_v as_o he_o that_o lift_v up_o a_o weight_n from_o the_o ground_n by_o so_o much_o tread_v heavy_a upon_o the_o earth_n by_o how_o much_o the_o thing_n be_v heavy_a than_o his_o body_n the_o footman_n therefore_o have_v a_o sure_a stay_n to_o counterpoise_v their_o force_a motion_n then_o the_o horseman_n have_v cast_v their_o dart_n with_o great_a violence_n and_o consequent_o with_o more_o certainty_n chap._n xviii_o caesar_n prevent_v ariovistus_n of_o his_o purpose_n by_o make_v two_o camp_n when_o caesar_n perceive_v that_o ariovistus_n mean_v nothing_o less_o than_o to_o fight_v caesar_n but_o keep_v himself_o within_o his_o camp_n lest_o peradventure_o he_o shall_v intercept_v the_o sequans_n and_o other_o of_o his_o associate_n as_o they_o come_v with_o convoy_n of_o corn_n to_o the_o roman_n beyond_o that_o place_n wherein_o the_o german_n abode_n about_o six_o hundred_o pace_n from_o their_o camp_n he_o choose_v a_o ground_n meet_v to_o incamp_v in_o and_o march_v thither_o in_o three_o battle_n command_v two_o of_o they_o to_o stand_v ready_a in_o arm_n and_o the_o three_o to_o fortify_v the_o camp_n ariovistus_n send_v sixteen_o thousand_o foot_n and_o all_o his_o horse_n to_o interrupt_v the_o soldier_n and_o hinder_v the_o entrenchment_n notwithstanding_o caesar_n as_o he_o have_v before_o determine_v cause_v two_o battle_n to_o withstand_v the_o enemy_n and_o the_o three_o to_o go_v through_o with_o the_o work_n which_o be_v end_v he_o leave_v there_o two_o legion_n and_o part_n of_o the_o associate_n force_n and_o lead_v the_o other_o four_o legion_n back_o again_o into_o the_o great_a camp_n the_o next_o day_n caesar_n according_a to_o his_o custom_n bring_v his_o whole_a power_n out_o of_o both_o his_o camp_n &_o march_v a_o little_a from_o the_o great_a camp_n he_o put_v his_o man_n in_o array_n and_o proffer_a battle_n to_o the_o enemy_n but_o perceive_v that_o ariovistus_n will_v not_o stir_v out_o of_o his_o trench_n about_o noon_n he_o convey_v his_o army_n into_o their_o several_a camp_n then_o at_o length_n ariovistus_n send_v part_n of_o his_o force_n to_o assault_v the_o lesser_a camp_n the_o encounter_n continue_v very_o sharp_a on_o both_o part_n until_o the_o evening_n and_o at_o sunset_n after_o many_o wound_n give_v and_o take_v ariovistus_n convey_v his_o army_n again_o into_o their_o camp_n and_o as_o caesar_n make_v inquiry_n of_o the_o captive_n what_o the_o reason_n be_v that_o ariovistus_n refuse_v battle_n he_o find_v this_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n the_o german_n have_v a_o custom_n that_o the_o woman_n shall_v by_o cast_v of_o lot_n and_o southsay_a declare_v whether_o it_o be_v for_o their_o behoof_n to_o fight_v or_o no_o and_o that_o they_o find_v by_o their_o art_n the_o german_n can_v not_o get_v the_o victory_n if_o they_o fight_v before_o the_o new_a moon_n the_o first_o observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v what_o especial_a importance_n this_o manner_n of_o encamp_v carry_v in_o that_o absolute_a discipline_n which_o the_o roman_n observe_v and_o by_o which_o they_o conquer_v so_o many_o nation_n for_o beside_o the_o safety_n which_o it_o afford_v their_o own_o troop_n it_o serve_v for_o a_o hold_v well-fenced_n and_o man_v or_o as_o it_o be_v a_o strong_a fortify_v town_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o field_n where_o they_o see_v advantage_n and_o as_o oft_o as_o they_o think_v it_o expedient_a either_o to_o fortify_v themselves_o or_o impeach_v the_o enemy_n by_o cut_v off_o his_o passage_n hinder_v his_o attempt_n block_v up_o his_o camp_n beside_o many_o other_o advantage_n all_o aver_v the_o say_n of_o domitius_n corbulo_n dolabra_fw-la vincendum_fw-la esse_fw-la hostem_fw-la a_o thing_n long_a time_n neglect_v but_o of_o late_a happy_o renew_v by_o the_o commander_n of_o such_o force_n as_o serve_v the_o state_n in_o the_o unite_a province_n of_o belgia_n who_o time_n and_o practice_v of_o the_o war_n have_v teach_v to_o entertain_v the_o use_n of_o the_o spade_n and_o
for_o the_o bad_a beginning_n be_v not_o the_o beginning_n of_o a_o good_a but_o of_o a_o evil_a end_n and_o therefore_o that_o his_o man_n may_v foresee_v a_o happy_a end_n in_o a_o good_a beginning_n it_o behove_v he_o with_o the_o best_a of_o his_o army_n to_o assault_v the_o weak_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o last_o form_n be_v call_v gibbosa_n or_o gibbera_fw-la acies_fw-la when_o the_o battle_n be_v advance_v and_o the_o two_o cornet_n lag_v behind_o this_o form_n do_v hannibal_n use_v in_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n but_o with_o this_o art_n that_o he_o strengthen_v his_o two_o cornet_n with_o the_o best_a of_o his_o soldier_n and_o place_v his_o weak_a in_o the_o midst_n that_o the_o roman_n follow_v the_o retreat_n of_o the_o battle_n which_o be_v easy_o repelld_v may_v be_v enclose_v on_o each_o side_n with_o the_o two_o cornet_n chap._n xx._n the_o battle_n between_o caesar_n and_o ariovistus_n the_o sign_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v thereupon_o give_v caesar_n our_o man_n charge_v upon_o the_o enemy_n very_o fierce_o and_o they_o on_o the_o otherside_n return_v so_o speedy_a a_o counterbuff_n that_o the_o legion_n have_v no_o time_n to_o cast_v their_o pile_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n make_v haste_n to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o sword_n but_o the_o german_n according_a to_o their_o manner_n put_v themselves_o into_o a_o phalanx_n receive_v the_o force_n of_o their_o sword_n in_o the_o battle_n there_o be_v many_o legionary_a soldier_n see_v to_o leap_v upon_o the_o phalanx_n and_o to_o pull_v up_o with_o their_o hand_n the_o target_n that_o cover_v it_o and_o so_o to_o wound_v and_o kill_v those_o that_o be_v underneath_o and_o so_o the_o left_a cornet_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v overthrow_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n now_o while_o the_o right_a cornet_n be_v thus_o busy_v the_o left_a cornet_n be_v overcharge_v with_o a_o unequal_a multitude_n of_o the_o german_n which_o young_a crassus_n the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n no_o soon_o perceive_v have_v more_o scope_n and_o liberty_n than_o any_o of_o the_o commander_n that_o be_v in_o the_o battle_n but_o he_o send_v tertiam_fw-la aciem_fw-la the_o three_o battle_n to_o rescue_v and_o aid_v their_o fellow_n that_o be_v in_o danger_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o fight_n be_v renew_v and_o all_o the_o enemy_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o never_o look_v back_o until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o rhine_n which_o be_v about_o fifty_o mile_n from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o fight_v where_o some_o few_o of_o they_o save_v themselves_o by_o swim_v other_o find_v some_o boat_n and_o so_o escape_v ariovistus_n light_v upon_o a_o little_a bark_n tie_v to_o the_o shore_n recover_v the_o other_o side_n and_o so_o save_v himself_o the_o rest_n be_v all_o slay_v by_o the_o horseman_n ariovistus_n have_v two_o wife_n one_o a_o swevian_n who_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o from_o home_n and_o the_o other_o of_o norica_n the_o sister_n of_o king_n votion_n send_v unto_o he_o by_o her_o brother_n into_o gallia_n and_o marry_v there_o both_o these_o perish_v in_o that_o fight_n his_o two_o daughter_n likewise_o be_v there_o one_o be_v slay_v and_o the_o other_o take_v as_o caesar_n pursue_v the_o german_a horseman_n it_o be_v his_o chance_n to_o light_v upon_o valerius_n procillus_n as_o he_o be_v draw_v up_o and_o down_o by_o his_o keeper_n bind_v in_o three_o chain_n which_o accident_n be_v as_o grateful_a to_o he_o as_o the_o victory_n itself_o be_v so_o fortunate_a to_o recover_v his_o familiar_a friend_n and_o a_o man_n of_o sort_n in_o the_o province_n who_o the_o barbarous_a enemy_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n have_v cast_v into_o prison_n neither_o will_v fortune_n by_o the_o loss_n of_o he_o abate_v any_o thing_n of_o so_o great_a pleasure_n and_o contentment_n for_o he_o report_v that_o in_o his_o own_o presence_n they_o have_v three_o several_a time_n cast_v lot_n whether_o he_o shall_v be_v burn_v alive_a and_o that_o still_o he_o escape_v by_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o lot_n and_o m._n titius_n be_v find_v in_o like_a manner_n and_o bring_v unto_o he_o the_o same_o of_o this_o battle_n be_v carry_v beyond_o the_o rhine_n the_o swevian_o that_o be_v come_v to_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n return_v home_o again_o who_o the_o inhabitant_n near_o upon_o that_o river_n pursue_v find_v they_o terrify_v and_o distract_v and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o caesar_n have_v thus_o end_v two_o great_a war_n in_o one_o summer_n bring_v his_o army_n into_o their_o winter_v camp_n somewhat_o soon_o than_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n require_v and_o leave_v labienus_n to_o command_v they_o himself_o return_v into_o the_o hither_o gallia_n to_o keep_v court_n and_o public_a diet_n the_o first_o observation_n this_o phalanx_n here_o mention_v can_v hardly_o be_v prove_v to_o be_v the_o right_a macedonian_a phalanx_n but_o we_o be_v rather_o to_o understand_v it_o to_o be_v so_o term_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o close_a and_o compact_a imbattel_v rather_o than_o in_o any_o other_o respect_n and_o it_o resemble_v much_o a_o testudo_fw-la as_o i_o say_v of_o the_o helvetian_a phalanx_n second_o i_o observe_v that_o caesar_n keep_v the_o old_a rule_n concern_v their_o discipline_n in_o fight_n for_o although_o the_o name_n of_o triaries_n be_v not_o mention_v in_o his_o history_n yet_o he_o omit_v not_o the_o substance_n which_o be_v to_o have_v primam_fw-la secundam_fw-la &_o tertiam_fw-la aciem_fw-la and_o that_o prima_fw-la acies_fw-la shall_v begin_v the_o battle_n and_o the_o second_o shall_v come_v fresh_a and_o assist_v they_o or_o peradventure_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v many_o and_o strong_a the_o first_o and_o second_o battle_n be_v join_v together_o and_o so_o charge_v upon_o the_o enemy_n with_o great_a fury_n and_o violence_n but_o at_o all_o adventure_n the_o three_o battle_n be_v ever_o in_o subsidio_fw-la as_o they_o term_v it_o to_o succour_v any_o part_n that_o shall_v be_v overcharge_v which_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o much_o consequence_n and_o of_o great_a wisdom_n for_o if_o we_o either_o respect_v the_o encouragement_n of_o the_o soldier_n or_o the_o casualty_n of_o fortune_n what_o can_v be_v more_o add_v to_o their_o discipline_n in_o this_o behalf_n then_o to_o have_v a_o second_o and_o a_o three_o succour_n to_o give_v strength_n to_o the_o faint_a weakness_n of_o their_o man_n and_o to_o repair_v the_o disadvantage_n which_o any_o accident_n shall_v cast_v upon_o they_o or_o if_o their_o valour_n be_v equal_o balance_v and_o victory_n stand_v doubtful_a which_o of_o the_o two_o party_n she_o shall_v honour_v these_o always_o step_v in_o be_v fresh_a against_o weary_a and_o over-laboured_n spirit_n and_o so_o draw_v victory_n in_o despite_n of_o casualty_n unto_o themselves_o the_o second_o observation_n concern_v use_n of_o lot_n lot_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o look_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o they_o be_v in_o former_a time_n so_o general_a that_o there_o be_v no_o nation_n civil_a or_o barbarous_a but_o be_v direct_v in_o their_o great_a affair_n by_o the_o sentence_n of_o lot_n as_o we_o may_v not_o refuse_v for_o a_o undoubted_a truth_n that_o which_o solomon_n say_v in_o the_o sixteen_o of_o proverb_n the_o lot_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o lap_n but_o the_o direction_n thereof_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n through_o the_o knowledge_n whereof_o josua_n be_v direct_v to_o take_v achan_n the_o mariner_n ionas_n and_o the_o apostle_n to_o consecrate_v mathias_n so_o whether_o the_o heathen_a and_o barbarous_a people_n who_o blindness_n in_o the_o way_n of_o truth_n can_v direct_v they_o no_o further_o then_o to_o senseless_a superstition_n and_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o a_o duty_n which_o they_o owe_v but_o can_v not_o tell_v they_o what_o it_o be_v nor_o how_o to_o be_v perform_v whether_o these_o i_o say_v be_v persuade_v that_o there_o be_v any_o supernatural_a power_n in_o their_o lottery_n which_o direct_v the_o action_n to_o the_o decree_n of_o destiny_n and_o as_o the_o god_n will_v have_v it_o it_o remain_v doubtful_a aristotle_n the_o wise_a of_o the_o heathen_a concern_v thing_n natural_a name_v that_o event_n casual_a or_o proceed_v from_o fortune_n of_o which_o the_o reason_n of_o man_n can_v assign_v no_o cause_n or_o as_o he_o say_v which_o have_v no_o cause_n so_o that_o whatsoever_o happen_v in_o any_o action_n beside_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o agent_n and_o workman_n be_v term_v a_o effect_n of_o fortune_n or_o chance_n of_o hab-nab_n for_o all_o other_o effect_n which_o depend_v upon_o a_o certainty_n and_o definite_a cause_n be_v necessary_o produce_v and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v casual_a or_o subject_n to_o the_o inconstancy_n of_o chance_n and_o because_o many_o and_o sundry_a such_o chance_n daily_o happen_v which_o like_o terrae_fw-la silij_fw-la
government_n last_o such_o as_o see_v that_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n for_o those_o man_n that_o be_v powerful_a and_o have_v the_o command_n of_o money_n to_o seize_v upon_o kingdom_n in_o gallia_n which_o they_o can_v not_o so_o easy_o do_v in_o those_o part_n where_o the_o roman_n bare_a sway_n caesar_n be_v move_v with_o letter_n and_o other_o intelligence_n to_o this_o purpose_n levy_v two_o new_a legion_n in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o summer_n come_v on_o send_v they_o by_o q._n pedius_n his_o legate_n into_o the_o further_a gallia_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o there_o be_v forage_v in_o the_o field_n he_o himself_o come_v to_o the_o army_n he_o have_v before_o give_v charge_n to_o the_o senones_n and_o other_o of_o the_o gall_n that_o border_v upon_o the_o belgâ—e_n to_o learn_v every_o day_n what_o they_o can_v of_o their_o do_n &_o to_o give_v he_o a_o account_n thereof_o these_o present_o inform_v he_o that_o of_o a_o certainty_n there_o be_v nothing_o in_o belgia_n but_o muster_v of_o soldier_n and_o gather_v their_o force_n into_o one_o head_n he_o think_v it_o not_o therefore_o safe_a to_o make_v any_o further_a delay_n but_o have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n he_o draw_v out_o his_o army_n from_o their_o winter_v camp_n and_o within_o fifteen_o day_n he_o come_v to_o the_o border_n of_o the_o belgae_n assoon_o as_o he_o be_v come_v thither_o which_o be_v much_o soon_o then_o be_v look_v for_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n be_v the_o uttermost_a of_o the_o belgae_n next_o adjoin_v to_o the_o celtae_n think_v it_o best_a to_o entertain_v a_o peaceable_a resolution_n and_o send_v iccius_n and_o antebrogius_fw-la two_o of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o their_o state_n unto_o caesar_n to_o submit_v themselves_o and_o all_o that_o they_o have_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n affirm_v that_o they_o be_v innocent_a both_o of_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o belgae_n and_o of_o their_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o roman_n for_o proof_n whereof_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v hostage_n to_o receive_v they_o into_o their_o town_n and_o to_o furnish_v they_o with_o corn_n or_o what_o other_o thing_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n be_v all_o in_o arm_n and_o the_o german_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o rhine_n have_v promise_v to_o send_v they_o succour_v yea_o their_o madness_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o themselves_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v back_o the_o suessone_n from_o that_o attempt_n be_v their_o brethren_n and_o kinsman_n in_o blood_n and_o use_v the_o same_o law_n and_o custom_n as_o they_o do_v have_v both_o one_o magistrate_n and_o one_o form_n of_o government_n but_o they_o will_v needs_o support_v the_o same_o quarrel_n which_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o belgae_n have_v undertake_v observation_n i_o may_v here_o take_v occasion_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o of_o a_o particular_a revolt_n in_o a_o general_a cause_n and_o how_o a_o confederate_a state_n may_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o own_o safety_n forsake_v a_o common_a quarrel_n or_o whatsoever_o the_o universal_a society_n have_v enact_v prejuciall_a to_o their_o common_a weal_n but_o that_o i_o only_o intend_v to_o discover_v warlike_a practice_n leave_v these_o question_n of_o law_n and_o policy_n to_o man_n of_o great_a judgement_n and_o better_a experience_n only_a i_o observe_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o roman_a government_n that_o such_o city_n as_o yield_v to_o the_o empire_n and_o become_v tributary_n to_o their_o treasury_n howsoever_o they_o be_v otherwise_o combine_v by_o confederacy_n seldom_o or_o never_o repent_v they_o of_o their_o fact_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o noble_a patronage_n which_o they_o find_v in_o that_o state_n and_o of_o the_o due_a respect_n observe_v towards_o they_o chap._n ii_o the_o power_n of_o the_o belgae_n and_o their_o preparation_n for_o this_o war_n caesar_n inquire_v of_o the_o ambassador_n which_o come_v from_o rheims_n what_o the_o state_n be_v that_o have_v take_v arm_n caesar_n and_o what_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o matter_n of_o war_n find_v the_o belgae_n to_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o german_n who_o pass_v over_o the_o rhine_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o find_v it_o to_o be_v a_o fertile_a country_n drive_v away_o the_o gall_n and_o seat_v themselves_o in_o their_o possession_n and_o that_o these_o only_a of_o all_o the_o gall_n keep_v the_o cimbti_n and_o teutoni_fw-la from_o enter_v into_o their_o country_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n they_o challenge_v to_o themselves_o great_a authority_n and_o vaunt_v much_o in_o their_o feat_n of_o arm_n concern_v their_o number_n they_o have_v these_o advertisement_n the_o bâ—auvois_n bollovaci_n exceed_v all_o the_o belgae_n in_o prowess_n authority_n and_o number_n of_o man_n be_v able_a to_o make_v 100000_o fight_a man_n and_o out_o of_o that_o number_n have_v promise_v 60000_o towards_o this_o undertake_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n they_o demand_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o whole_a war_n next_o to_o they_o lay_v the_o soâ—ssons_n suessone_n who_o dwell_v in_o a_o large_a and_o fruitful_a country_n and_o have_v late_o divitiacus_n for_o their_o king_n be_v the_o most_o powerful_a man_n in_o all_o gallia_n who_o have_v in_o possession_n a_o great_a part_n of_o these_o country_n and_o also_o of_o britain_n itself_o galba_n be_v their_o king_n now_o on_o who_o for_o his_o singular_a justice_n and_o prudence_n general_o with_o one_o consent_n they_o bestow_v the_o management_n of_o the_o war_n they_o have_v 12_o wall_a town_n and_o promise_v to_o set_v forth_o 50000_o man_n the_o tournay_n nervii_n who_o be_v the_o most_o barbarous_a among_o they_o all_o and_o dwell_v further_a off_o promise_v as_o many_o the_o arras_n atrebatii_n 15000._o the_o amiens_n ambianâ—_n 10000_o the_o vellocassii_n and_o vermandois_n veromandui_n as_o many_o the_o tervenne_fw-fr morini_n 25000._o the_o menapii_n 9000._o the_o calete_v 10000_o the_o aduatici_n 29000._o the_o liege_n eburones_n condrusi_n and_o other_o 40000._o all_o caesar_n encourage_v the_o man_n of_o rheims_n to_o persist_v in_o their_o faithfulness_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n propound_v unto_o they_o great_a offer_n and_o liberal_a promise_n of_o recompense_n and_o command_v all_o their_o senate_n to_o come_v before_o he_o and_o bring_v with_o they_o their_o nobleman_n son_n to_o be_v give_v up_o for_o hostage_n which_o they_o diligent_o perform_v by_o a_o day_n appoint_v and_o have_v receive_v two_o especial_a advertisement_n from_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n the_o one_o concern_v the_o multitude_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o other_o touch_v the_o singular_a opinion_n which_o be_v general_o hold_v of_o their_o manhood_n he_o provide_v for_o the_o first_o by_o persuade_v divitiacus_n the_o heduan_n that_o it_o much_o import_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o those_o business_n to_o keep_v asunder_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o 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grave_a commander_n as_o the_o sure_a principle_n whereon_o the_o true_a judgement_n of_o the_o event_n may_v be_v ground_v for_o if_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o old_a philosopher_n which_o teach_v that_o the_o word_n non_fw-fr putabam_fw-la i_o wist_v it_o not_o be_v never_o hear_v out_o of_o a_o wise_a man_n mouth_n have_v any_o place_n in_o the_o course_n of_o humane_a action_n it_o ought_v especial_o to_o be_v regard_v in_o manage_v these_o main_a point_n whereon_o the_o state_n of_o kingdom_n and_o empire_n depend_v for_o unless_o be_v be_v persuade_v that_o blind_a chance_n direct_v the_o course_n of_o this_o world_n with_o a_o uncertain_a confusion_n and_o that_o no_o foresight_n can_v sway_v the_o balance_n of_o our_o hap_n into_o either_o part_n of_o our_o fortune_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o we_o shall_v not_o by_o all_o mean_n endeavour_v to_o ground_v our_o knowledge_n upon_o true_a cause_n and_o level_v
every_o order_n a_o centurion_n he_o say_v that_o all_o the_o centurion_n of_o this_o cohort_n be_v slay_v save_v the_o first_o or_o upper_a centurion_n of_o the_o principes_fw-la the_o second_o thing_n which_o i_o observe_v cohorâ—_n be_v the_o title_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n for_o these_o ten_o cohort_n whereof_o a_o legion_n consist_v be_v distinguish_v by_o degree_n of_o worthiness_n and_o that_o which_o be_v hold_v the_o worthy_a in_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o elector_n take_v the_o priority_n both_o of_o place_n and_o name_n and_o be_v call_v the_o first_o cohort_n the_o next_o the_o second_o cohort_n and_o so_o consequent_o unto_o the_o ten_o and_o last_o neither_o do_v the_o legion_n want_v their_o degree_n of_o preeminence_n both_o in_o imbattel_v and_o in_o encamp_v according_a either_o to_o the_o seniority_n of_o their_o inrollment_n or_o the_o favour_n of_o their_o general_n or_o their_o own_o virtue_n and_o so_o we_o read_v that_o in_o these_o war_n in_o gallia_n 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to_o make_v the_o front_n the_o slank_n or_o slank_a front_n when_o they_o be_v break_v and_o disrankt_v to_o rally_v they_o into_o any_o form_n when_o every_o man_n know_v both_o his_o own_o and_o his_o fellow_n station_n if_o any_o company_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v upon_o sudden_a service_n the_o general_a idea_n of_o the_o army_n be_v so_o deep_o imprint_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o commander_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o eâ—re_v in_o take_v out_o such_o convenient_a troop_n both_o for_o number_n and_o quality_n as_o may_v best_o agree_v with_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o army_n or_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n at_o all_o occasion_n and_o opportunity_n these_o principle_n of_o advantage_n offer_v themselves_o as_o ready_a mean_n to_o put_v in_o execution_n any_o design_n or_o stratagem_n whatsoever_o the_o project_n be_v no_o soon_o resolve_v of_o but_o every_o man_n can_v ready_o point_v out_o the_o company_n that_o be_v â—it_a to_o execute_v the_o intention_n and_o which_o be_v more_o important_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o life_n and_o spirit_n of_o every_o such_o part_n their_o sodality_n be_v sweeten_v or_o rather_o strengthen_v with_o the_o mutual_a acquaintance_n and_o friendship_n one_o of_o another_o the_o captain_n march_v always_o in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o troup_n the_o ensign_n in_o the_o midst_n and_o the_o lieutenant_n in_o the_o rearward_n and_o every_o man_n accompany_v with_o his_o neighbour_n and_o his_o friend_n which_o breed_v a_o true_a and_o unfeigned_a courage_n both_o in_o regard_n of_o themselves_o and_o of_o their_o follower_n beside_o these_o specialty_n the_o place_n of_o title_n and_o dignity_n depend_v upon_o this_o order_n be_v no_o small_a mean_n to_o cut_v off_o all_o matter_n of_o civil_a discord_n and_o intestine_a dissension_n for_o here_o every_o man_n know_v his_o place_n in_o the_o file_n and_o every_o file_n know_v his_o place_n in_o the_o century_n and_o every_o century_n in_o the_o maniple_n and_o every_o maniple_n in_o the_o cohort_n and_o every_o cohort_n in_o the_o legion_n and_o every_o legion_n in_o the_o army_n and_o so_o every_o soldier_n have_v his_o place_n according_a to_o his_o virtue_n and_o every_o place_n give_v honour_n to_o the_o man_n according_a as_o their_o discipline_n have_v determine_v thereof_o the_o want_n of_o this_o discipline_n have_v dishonour_v the_o martial_a government_n of_o this_o age_n with_o bloodshed_n and_o murder_n whereof_o trance_n be_v too_o true_a a_o witness_n as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o french_a themselves_o as_o of_o our_o english_a force_n that_o have_v be_v send_v thither_o to_o appeal_v their_o tumult_n for_o through_o defect_n of_o this_o order_n which_o allot_v to_o every_o man_n his_o due_a place_n the_o controversy_n grow_v between_o sir_n william_n drury_n and_o sir_n john_n burrowes_n the_o issue_n whereof_o be_v too_o well_o know_v to_o the_o world_n wherein_o as_o our_o commander_n in_o france_n have_v be_v negligent_a so_o i_o 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in_o set_v of_o a_o battle_n be_v so_o to_o order_v the_o troop_n that_o the_o depth_n in_o slank_n may_v serve_v convenient_o to_o withstand_v the_o assault_n take_v up_o no_o more_o man_n than_o may_v well_o serve_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o give_v mean_n to_o the_o rest_n to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n and_o in_o these_o two_o point_n be_v both_o their_o defensive_a and_o offensive_a consideration_n comprehend_v but_o small_a troop_n and_o battalion_n afford_v this_o conveniency_n better_o than_o great_a squadron_n which_o drown_v up_o many_o able_a man_n in_o the_o depth_n of_o their_o â—lanks_n and_o never_o suffer_v they_o to_o appear_v but_o when_o the_o break_n of_o the_o squadron_n do_v present_v they_o to_o the_o butchery_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n as_o i_o have_v note_v in_o the_o first_o book_n never_o carry_v above_o sixteen_o in_o slank_a and_o bring_v five_o hundred_o to_o fight_v in_o front_n and_o these_o
about_o their_o head_n and_o so_o to_o cast_v out_o the_o bullet_n virgil_n speak_v of_o mezentius_n say_v ipse_fw-la ter_z adducta_fw-la circum_fw-la caput_fw-la egit_fw-la habera_fw-fr he_o fetch_v the_o rein_n three_o time_n about_o his_o head_n but_o vegetius_n prefer_v that_o skill_n which_o cast_v the_o bullet_n with_o once_o turn_v it_o about_o the_o head_n in_o suidas_n we_o find_v that_o these_o baleares_n do_v common_o cast_v a_o stone_n of_o a_o pound_n weight_n which_o agree_v to_o these_o name_n in_o caesar_n fundas_fw-la librale_n the_o leaden_a bullet_n be_v mention_v by_o sallust_n in_o the_o war_n with_o jugurth_n and_o by_o livy_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o consul_n provide_v great_a store_n of_o arrow_n of_o bullet_n and_o of_o small_a stone_n to_o be_v cast_v with_o sling_n this_o weapon_n be_v in_o request_n among_o divers_a nation_n as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o readiness_n and_o easy_a reiterate_n of_o the_o blow_n as_o also_o for_o that_o the_o 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the_o place_n of_o our_o harquebusier_n which_o in_o their_o proper_a nature_n be_v levis_fw-la armature_n milites_fw-la light-armed_n soldier_n although_o more_o terrible_a than_o those_o of_o ancient_a time_n chap._n v._n caesar_n confront_v the_o belgae_n in_o form_n of_o battle_n but_o without_o any_o blow_n give_v the_o belgae_n attempt_v the_o pass_n of_o the_o river_n axona_n but_o in_o vain_a and_o to_o their_o loss_n they_o consult_v of_o break_v up_o the_o war_n caesar_n at_o the_o first_o resolve_v not_o to_o give_v they_o battle_n 〈◊〉_d as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o multitude_n as_o the_o general_a fame_n and_o opinion_n conceive_v of_o their_o valour_n notwithstanding_o he_o daily_o make_v trial_n by_o light_a skirmish_n with_o his_o horseman_n what_o the_o enemy_n can_v do_v and_o what_o his_o own_o man_n dare_v do_v and_o when_o he_o find_v that_o his_o own_o man_n be_v nothing_o inferior_a to_o the_o belgae_n he_o choose_v a_o convenient_a place_n before_o 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be_v draw_v forth_o when_o there_o shall_v need_v any_o succour_n he_o imbattel_v his_o other_o six_o legion_n in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o hill_n before_o his_o camp_n the_o belgae_n also_o bring_v forth_o their_o power_n confront_v the_o roman_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n i_o here_o lay_v between_o both_o the_o army_n a_o small_a marish_a over_o which_o the_o enemy_n expect_v that_o caesar_n shall_v have_v pass_v and_o caesar_n on_o the_o other_o side_n attend_v to_o see_v if_o the_o belgae_n will_v come_v over_o that_o his_o man_n may_v have_v charge_v they_o in_o that_o troublesome_a passage_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o cavalry_n on_o both_o side_n encounter_v between_o the_o two_o battle_n and_o after_o long_a expectation_n on_o either_o side_n neither_o party_n adventure_v to_o pass_v over_o caesar_n have_v get_v the_o better_a in_o the_o skirmish_n between_o the_o horseman_n think_v it_o sufficient_a for_o that_o time_n both_o for_o the_o encourage_n of_o his_o own_o man_n 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manner_n that_o thither_o they_o shall_v hasten_v from_o all_o part_n and_o there_o give_v they_o battle_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v rather_o try_v the_o matter_n in_o their_o own_o country_n than_o abroad_o in_o a_o strange_a and_o unknown_a place_n and_o have_v their_o own_o household_n provision_n always_o at_o hand_n to_o maintain_v they_o and_o this_o the_o rather_o be_v conclude_v for_o as_o much_o as_o they_o have_v intelligence_n that_o divitiacus_n with_o a_o great_a power_n of_o the_o hedui_n approach_v near_o to_o the_o border_n of_o the_o bellovaci_n who_o in_o that_o regard_n make_v haste_n homeward_o to_o defend_v their_o country_n the_o first_o observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v the_o art_n which_o he_o use_v to_o countervail_v the_o strength_n of_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n by_o choose_v out_o so_o convenient_a a_o place_n which_o be_v no_o broad_a in_o front_n then_o will_v
target_n be_v of_o such_o reputation_n among_o the_o roman_a arm_n and_o challenge_v such_o interest_n in_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o empire_n let_v we_o enter_v a_o little_a into_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o use_n &_o commodity_n thereof_o which_o can_v be_v better_a understand_v then_o by_o that_o comparison_n which_o polybius_n have_v make_v between_o the_o weapon_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o macodonian_o and_o therefore_o i_o have_v think_v good_a to_o insert_v it_o in_o these_o discourse_n and_o thus_o it_o follow_v of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o roman_a and_o macedonian_a weapon_n i_o promise_v in_o my_o six_o book_n that_o i_o will_v make_v a_o comparison_n between_o the_o weapon_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o macedonian_n and_o that_o i_o will_v likewise_o write_v of_o the_o disposition_n of_o either_o of_o their_o army_n how_o they_o do_v differ_v one_o from_o another_o and_o in_o what_o regard_n the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o be_v either_o inferior_a or_o superior_a which_o promise_v i_o will_v now_o with_o diligence_n endeavour_v to_o perform_v and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o army_n of_o the_o macedonian_n have_v give_v so_o good_a testimony_n of_o themselves_o by_o their_o action_n by_o overcome_v the_o army_n as_o well_o of_o asia_n as_o of_o greece_n and_o that_o the_o battle_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v conquer_v as_o well_o those_o of_o africa_n as_o all_o the_o eastern_a country_n of_o europe_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o but_o very_o profitable_a to_o search_v out_o the_o difference_n of_o either_o especial_o see_v that_o these_o our_o time_n have_v not_o once_o but_o many_o time_n see_v trial_n both_o of_o their_o battle_n and_o force_n that_o know_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o roman_n do_v overcome_v and_o in_o their_o battle_n carry_v away_o the_o better_a we_o do_v not_o as_o vain_a man_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v attribute_v the_o same_o to_o fortune_n and_o esteem_v they_o without_o reason_n happy_a victor_n but_o rather_o 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firm_a in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o foot_n in_o so_o thick_a a_o array_n of_o battle_n and_o the_o length_n of_o their_o pike_n be_v according_a to_o the_o first_o basis_n or_o scantling_n sixteen_o foot_n but_o according_a to_o the_o true_a and_o right_a conveniency_n of_o they_o fourteen_o cubit_n out_o of_o which_o be_v take_v four_o allow_v for_o the_o space_n between_o the_o left_a hand_n which_o support_v the_o same_o and_o the_o butt_n end_n thereof_o while_o he_o stand_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o attend_v the_o encounter_n be_v thus_o order_v i_o say_v it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o length_n of_o ten_o cubit_n do_v extend_v itself_o before_o the_o body_n of_o every_o arm_a man_n where_o with_o both_o his_o hand_n he_o do_v advance_v it_o ready_a to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o follow_v that_o some_o of_o the_o pike_n do_v not_o only_o extend_v themselves_o before_o the_o second_o three_o and_o four_o rank_n but_o some_o before_o the_o foremost_a if_o the_o phalanx_n have_v his_o proper_a and_o due_a thickness_n according_a to_o his_o natural_a disposition_n both_o on_o the_o side_n and_o behind_o as_o homer_n make_v mention_v when_o he_o say_v that_o one_o target_n do_v enclose_v and_o fortify_v another_o one_o head-piece_n be_v join_v to_o another_o that_o they_o may_v stand_v unite_v &_o close_o together_o these_o circumstance_n be_v right_o and_o true_o set_v down_o it_o must_v follow_v that_o the_o pike_n of_o every_o former_a rank_n in_o the_o phalanx_n do_v extend_v themselves_o two_o cubit_n before_o each_o other_o which_o proportion_n of_o difference_n they_o have_v between_o themselves_o by_o which_o may_v evident_o be_v see_v the_o assault_n and_o impression_n of_o the_o whole_a phalanx_n what_o it_o be_v and_o what_o force_n it_o have_v consist_v of_o sixteen_o rank_n in_o depth_n or_o thickness_n the_o excess_n of_o which_o number_n of_o rank_n above_o five_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o can_v commodious_o couch_v their_o pike_n without_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o former_a the_o point_n of_o they_o not_o be_v long_a enough_o to_o enlarge_v themselves_o beyond_o the_o foremost_a rank_n they_o grow_v utter_o unprofitable_a and_o can_v man_v by_o man_n make_v any_o impression_n or_o assault_n but_o serve_v only_o by_o lay_v their_o pike_n upon_o the_o shoulder_n of_o those_o which_o stand_v before_o they_o to_o sustain_v and_o hold_v up_o the_o sway_v and_o give_v back_o of_o the_o former_a rank_n which_o stand_v before_o they_o to_o this_o end_n that_o the_o front_n may_v stand_v firm_a and_o sure_a and_o with_o the_o thickness_n of_o their_o pike_n they_o do_v repel_v all_o those_o dart_n which_o pass_v over_o the_o head_n of_o those_o that_o stand_v before_o will_v annoy_v those_o rank_n which_o be_v more_o backward_o and_o far_o by_o move_v forward_o with_o the_o force_n of_o their_o body_n they_o do_v so_o press_v upon_o the_o former_a that_o they_o do_v make_v a_o most_o violent_a impression_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o foremost_a rank_n shall_v give_v back_o this_o therefore_o be_v the_o general_a and_o particular_a disposition_n of_o the_o phalanx_n we_o must_v now_o speak_v on_o the_o contrary_a part_n touch_v the_o property_n and_o difference_n as_o well_o of_o the_o arm_n as_o of_o the_o whole_a disposition_n of_o the_o roman_a battle_n for_o every_o roman_a soldier_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o weapon_n be_v allow_v three_o foot_n to_o stand_v in_o and_o in_o the_o encounter_n be_v move_v man_n by_o man_n every_o one_o cover_v himself_o with_o his_o target_n and_o mutual_o move_v whensoever_o there_o be_v occasion_n offer_v but_o those_o which_o use_v their_o sword_n do_v fight_n in_o a_o more_o thin_a and_o distinct_a order_n so_o that_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o they_o have_v three_o foot_n more_o allow_v they_o to_o stand_v in_o both_o from_o shoulder_n to_o shoulder_n and_o from_o back_n to_o belly_n that_o they_o may_v use_v their_o weapon_n with_o the_o better_a commodity_n and_o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o one_o roman_a soldier_n take_v up_o as_o much_o ground_n as_o two_o of_o those_o which_o be_v to_o encounter_v he_o of_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n so_o that_o one_o roman_n be_v as_o it_o be_v to_o oppose_v himself_o against_o ten_o pike_n which_o pike_n the_o say_v one_o soldier_n can_v neither_o by_o any_o agility_n come_v to_o offend_v or_o else_o at_o handy_a blow_n otherwise_o annoy_v and_o those_o which_o be_v behind_o he_o be_v not_o only_o unable_a to_o repel_v their_o force_n but_o also_o with_o conveniency_n to_o use_v their_o own_o weapon_n whereby_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v gather_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o battle_n be_v assault_v by_o the_o front_n of_o a_o phalanx_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o sustain_v the_o violence_n thereof_o if_o it_o have_v
company_n in_o thin_a and_o spacious_a imbattel_v as_o in_o thick-thronged_n testudines_fw-la neither_o can_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n make_v they_o unserviceable_a for_o whether_o it_o be_v plain_a or_o covert_n level_v or_o unequal_a narrow_a or_o large_a if_o there_o be_v any_o commodity_n to_o fight_v the_o target_n be_v as_o necessary_a to_o defend_v as_o the_o sword_n to_o offend_v beside_o the_o conveniency_n which_o deny_v the_o target_n in_o any_o necessity_n impose_v upon_o a_o army_n whether_o it_o be_v to_o march_v through_o place_n of_o all_o nature_n to_o make_v a_o fast_a march_n or_o a_o speedy_a retreat_n to_o incamp_v themselves_o to_o possess_v place_n of_o advantage_n to_o besiege_v and_o to_o be_v besiege_v as_o polybius_n say_v with_o many_o other_o occasion_n which_o necessary_o accompany_v a_o army_n the_o use_n of_o this_o weapon_n have_v be_v too_o much_o neglect_v in_o these_o late_a age_n but_o may_v be_v happy_o renew_v again_o in_o our_o nation_n if_o the_o industry_n of_o such_o as_o have_v labour_v to_o present_v it_o unto_o these_o time_n in_o the_o best_a fashion_n shall_v find_v any_o favour_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o our_o commander_n concern_v which_o target_n i_o must_v needs_o say_v thus_o much_o that_o the_o light_a target_n will_v prove_v the_o target_n of_o service_n whensoever_o they_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n for_o those_o which_o be_v make_v proof_n be_v so_o heavy_a and_o unwieldy_a although_o they_o be_v somewhat_o qualify_v with_o such_o help_n as_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o use_n thereof_o that_o they_o overcharge_v a_o man_n with_o a_o unsupportable_a burden_n and_o hinder_v his_o agility_n and_o execution_n in_o fight_n with_o a_o weight_n disproportionable_a to_o his_o strength_n for_o our_o offensive_a weapon_n as_o namely_o the_o harquebusier_n and_o musketeer_n be_v strong_a in_o the_o offensive_a part_n than_o any_o arm_n of_o defence_n which_o may_v be_v make_v manageable_a and_o fit_a for_o service_n neither_o do_v the_o roman_n regard_v the_o proof_n of_o their_o target_n further_o than_o be_v think_v fit_a for_o the_o ready_a use_n of_o they_o in_o time_n of_o battle_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o many_o place_n both_o in_o the_o civil_a war_n and_o in_o these_o commentary_n for_o a_o roman_a pile_n have_v oftentimes_o dart_v through_o the_o target_n and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o man_n that_o bear_v it_o and_o fasten_v they_o both_o to_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v more_o than_o a_o musket_n can_v well_o do_v for_o the_o bullet_n common_o rest_v in_o the_o body_n and_o although_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o this_o be_v not_o common_a but_o rather_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a arm_n yet_o it_o serve_v to_o prove_v that_o their_o target_n be_v not_o proof_n to_o their_o offensive_a weapon_n when_o they_o be_v well_o deliver_v and_o with_o good_a direction_n for_o i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o in_o their_o battle_n there_o be_v oftentimes_o some_o hindrance_n which_o will_v not_o suffer_v so_o violent_a a_o effect_n as_o this_o which_o i_o speak_v off_o for_o in_o a_o volley_n of_o shot_n we_o must_v not_o think_v that_o all_o the_o bullet_n fly_v with_o the_o same_o force_n and_o fall_v with_o the_o like_a hurt_n but_o as_o armour_n of_o good_a proof_n will_v hardly_o hold_v out_o some_o of_o they_o so_o slender_a arm_n and_o of_o no_o proof_n will_v make_v good_a resistance_n against_o other_o and_o to_o conclude_v in_o a_o battle_n or_o encounter_n at_o hand_n a_o man_n shall_v meet_v with_o more_o occasion_n suit_v the_o nature_n and_o commodity_n of_o this_o light_a target_n than_o such_o as_o will_v advantage_v the_o heavy_a target_n of_o proof_n or_o countervail_v the_o surplus_n of_o weight_n which_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o some_o man_n will_v urge_v that_o there_o be_v use_v of_o this_o target_n of_o proof_n in_o some_o place_n and_o in_o some_o service_n which_o i_o deny_v not_o to_o those_o that_o desire_v to_o be_v 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that_o weapon_n aught_o to_o be_v of_o a_o very_a short_a scantling_n whenas_o the_o targetier_n be_v to_o command_v the_o point_n of_o his_o sword_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o his_o target_n as_o such_o as_o look_v into_o the_o true_a use_n of_o this_o weapon_n will_v easy_o discover_v but_o let_v this_o suffice_v concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o the_o target_n chap._n xi_o the_o battle_n continue_v and_o in_o the_o end_n caesar_n overcome_v at_o the_o presence_n of_o their_o general_n the_o soldier_n conceive_v some_o better_a hope_n caesar_n and_o gather_v strength_n and_o courage_n again_o when_o as_o every_o man_n bestir_v himself_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o emperor_n the_o brunt_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v a_o little_a stay_v caesar_n perceive_v likewise_o the_o seven_o legion_n which_o stand_v next_o unto_o he_o to_o be_v sore_o over-laid_a by_o the_o enemy_n command_v the_o tribune_n by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o join_v the_o two_o legion_n together_o and_o so_o by_o join_v back_o to_o back_n to_o make_v two_o contrary_a front_n and_o be_v thus_o secure_v one_o by_o another_o from_o fear_n of_o be_v circumvent_v they_o begin_v to_o make_v resistance_n with_o great_a courage_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o two_o legion_n that_o be_v in_o the_o rearward_n to_o guard_v the_o carriage_n hear_v of_o the_o battle_n double_v their_o pace_n and_o be_v descry_v by_o the_o enemy_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n titus_n labienus_n have_v win_v the_o camp_n of_o the_o nervii_n and_o behold_v from_o the_o high_a ground_n what_o be_v do_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n send_v the_o ten_o legion_n to_o help_v their_o fellow_n who_o understand_v by_o the_o horseman_n and_o lackey_n that_o flee_v in_o what_o case_n the_o matter_n stand_v and_o in_o what_o danger_n the_o camp_n the_o legion_n and_o the_o general_n be_v make_v all_o the_o haste_n they_o possible_o can_v at_o who_o come_v there_o happen_v such_o a_o alteration_n and_o change_n of_o thing_n that_o even_o such_o as_o be_v sink_v down_o through_o extreme_a grief_n of_o their_o wound_n or_o lean_v upon_o their_o target_n begin_v again_o to_o fight_v afresh_o and_o the_o page_n and_o the_o boy_n perceive_v the_o enemy_n amaze_v run_v upon_o they_o unarm_v not_o fear_v their_o weapon_n the_o horseman_n also_o strive_v with_o extraordinary_a valour_n to_o wipe_v away_o the_o dishonour_n of_o their_o former_a flight_n thrust_v themselves_o in_o all_o place_n before_o the_o legionary_a soldier_n howbeit_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o utmost_a peril_n of_o their_o life_n show_v such_o manhood_n that_o at_o fast_o as_o the_o foremost_a of_o they_o be_v overthrow_v the_o next_o in_o place_n bestride_v their_o carcase_n and_o fight_v upon_o their_o body_n and_o these_o be_v likewise_o overthrow_v and_o their_o body_n heap_v one_o upon_o another_o they_o that_o remain_v possess_v themselves_o of_o that_o mount_n of_o dead_a carcase_n as_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n and_o from_o thence_o throw_v their_o weapon_n and_o intercept_n the_o pile_n return_v they_o again_o to_o the_o roman_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v gather_v that_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n to_o deem_v they_o man_n of_o haughty_a courage_n that_o dare_v pass_v over_o so_o broad_a a_o river_n climb_v up_o such_o high_a rock_n and_o adventure_v to_o fight_v in_o a_o place_n of_o such_o inequality_n all_o which_o their_o magnanimity_n make_v easy_a to_o they_o the_o battle_n be_v thus_o end_v and_o the_o nation_n and_o name_n of_o the_o nervii_n be_v wellnear_o swallow_v up_o with_o destruction_n the_o elder_a sort_n with_o the_o woman_n and_o child_n that_o before_o the_o battle_n be_v convey_v into_o land_n and_o bog_n when_o they_o hear_v thereof_o and_o see_v now_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o hinder_v the_o
conqueror_n nor_o any_o hope_n of_o safety_n to_o the_o conquer_a by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o that_o remain_v alive_a send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n and_o yield_v themselves_o to_o his_o mercy_n and_o in_o lay_v open_a the_o misery_n of_o their_o state_n affirm_v that_o of_o six_o hundred_o senator_n they_o have_v now_o leave_v but_o three_o and_o of_o sixty_o thousand_o fight_a man_n there_o be_v scarce_o five_o hundred_o that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n caesar_n that_o his_o clemency_n may_v appear_v to_o a_o distress_a people_n preserve_v they_o with_o great_a care_n grant_v unto_o they_o the_o free_a possession_n of_o their_o town_n and_o country_n and_o straight_o command_v their_o borderer_n not_o to_o offer_v they_o any_o wrong_n or_o injury_n at_o all_o observation_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o relation_n of_o that_o great_a and_o dangerous_a battle_n cae._n which_o ramus_n complain_v of_o as_o a_o confuse_a narration_n much_o differ_v from_o the_o direct_a and_o methodical_a file_n of_o his_o other_o commentary_n but_o if_o that_o rule_n hold_v good_a which_o learned_a rhetorician_n have_v observe_v in_o their_o oratory_n that_o a_o unperfect_a thing_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v tell_v in_o a_o perfect_a manner_n then_o by_o ramus_n leave_v if_o any_o such_o confusion_n do_v appear_v it_o both_o savour_v of_o eloquence_n and_o well_o suit_v the_o turbulent_a carriage_n of_o the_o action_n wherein_o order_n and_o skill_n give_v place_n to_o fortune_n and_o providence_n be_v swallow_v up_o with_o peradventure_o for_o that_o which_o hâ—rtius_n say_v of_o the_o overthrow_n he_o give_v to_o pharnaces_n may_v as_o well_o be_v say_v of_o this_o that_o he_o get_v the_o victory_n plurimum_fw-la adjuvante_fw-la deorum_fw-la benignitate_fw-la qui_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la belli_fw-la casibus_fw-la intersunt_fw-la tum_fw-la praecipue_fw-la iis_fw-la quibus_fw-la nihil_fw-la ratione_fw-la potuit_fw-la administrari_fw-la by_o the_o very_a great_a favour_n and_o assistance_n of_o the_o god_n who_o as_o they_o give_v aid_n in_o all_o case_n of_o war_n so_o especial_o in_o those_o where_o reason_n and_o good_a skill_n be_v at_o a_o loss_n for_o so_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o this_o battle_n and_o the_o danger_n proceed_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n that_o bring_v he_o to_o that_o push_n in_o the_o battle_n with_o pharnaces_n for_o he_o well_o understand_v that_o the_o nervii_n attend_v his_o come_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o river_n sabis_n neither_o be_v he_o ignorant_a how_o to_o fortify_v his_o camp_n in_o the_o face_n of_o a_o enemy_n without_o fear_n or_o danger_n as_o we_o have_v see_v in_o his_o war_n with_o ariovistus_n when_o he_o march_v to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o purpose_v to_o incamp_v himself_o with_o three_o battle_n and_o cause_v two_o of_o they_o to_o stand_v ready_a in_o arm_n to_o receive_v any_o charge_n which_o the_o enemy_n shall_v offer_v to_o give_v that_o the_o three_o battle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n may_v fortify_v the_o camp_n which_o course_n will_v easy_o have_v frustrate_v this_o stratagem_n of_o the_o nervii_n and_o make_v the_o hazard_n less_o dangerous_a but_o he_o little_o expect_v any_o such_o resolution_n so_o contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o military_a discipline_n that_o a_o enemy_n shall_v not_o stick_v to_o pass_v over_o so_o broad_a a_o river_n to_o climb_v up_o such_o steep_a and_o high_a rock_n to_o adventure_v battle_n in_o a_o place_n so_o disadvantageous_a and_o to_o hazard_v their_o fortune_n upon_o such_o inequality_n and_o therefore_o he_o little_o mistrust_v any_o such_o unlikely_a attempt_n wherein_o the_o enemy_n have_v plot_v his_o own_o overthrow_n if_o the_o legion_n have_v be_v ready_a to_o receive_v they_o which_o may_v teach_v a_o general_n that_o which_o caesar_n have_v not_o yet_o learned_a that_o a_o leader_n can_v be_v too_o secure_a in_o his_o most_o assure_a course_n nor_o too_o careful_a in_o his_o best_a advise_a direction_n consider_v that_o the_o great_a mean_n may_v easy_o be_v prevent_v and_o the_o safe_a course_n weaken_v with_o a_o unrespected_a circumstance_n so_o powerful_a be_v weak_a occurrence_n in_o the_o main_a course_n of_o the_o weighty_a action_n and_o so_o infinite_a be_v the_o way_n whereby_o either_o wisdom_n or_o fortune_n may_v work_v neither_o do_v this_o warm_a he_o to_o provide_v for_o that_o which_o a_o enemy_n may_v do_v how_o unlikely_a soever_o it_o may_v seem_v unto_o he_o as_o appear_z by_o that_o accident_n in_o the_o battle_n with_o pharnaces_n which_o practice_n of_o attempt_v a_o thing_n against_o reason_n and_o the_o art_n of_o war_n have_v find_v good_a success_n in_o our_o modern_a war_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o french_a history_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v to_o be_v handle_v spare_o as_o no_o way_n favour_v of_o circumspect_a and_o good_a direction_n forasmuch_o as_o temeritas_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la felix_fw-la rashness_n do_v not_o always_o speed_v well_o as_o fabius_n the_o great_a answer_v scipio_n the_o chief_a help_n which_o the_o roman_n find_v be_v first_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n whereof_o i_o speak_v in_o the_o helvetian_a war_n second_o the_o experience_n which_o the_o soldier_n have_v get_v in_o the_o former_a battle_n which_o much_o direct_v they_o in_o this_o turbulent_a assault_n wherein_o they_o carry_v themselves_o as_o man_n acquaint_v with_o such_o casualty_n last_o the_o valour_n and_o undaunted_a judgement_n of_o the_o general_n which_o oversway_v the_o peril_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o so_o fortunate_a a_o end_n wherein_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o as_o in_o a_o temperate_a course_n when_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o battle_n rest_v upon_o his_o direction_n he_o whole_o intent_a wariness_n and_o circumspection_n so_o in_o the_o hazard_n and_o peril_n of_o good_a hap_n he_o confront_v extremity_n of_o danger_n with_o extremity_n of_o valour_n and_o overtopped_a fury_n with_o a_o high_a resolution_n chap._n xii_o the_o aduatici_n betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o strong_a hold_n and_o be_v take_v by_o caesar_n the_o brabant_n aduatici_n beforementioned_a come_v with_o all_o their_o power_n to_o aid_v the_o nervii_n caesar_n and_o understanding_n by_o the_o way_n of_o their_o overthrow_n return_v home_o again_o and_o forsake_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o town_n and_o castle_n convey_v themselves_o and_o their_o wealth_n into_o one_o strong_a and_o well-fortified_n town_n which_o be_v compass_v about_o with_o mighty_a rock_n and_o steep_a downfall_n save_v in_o one_o place_n of_o two_o hundred_o foot_n in_o breadth_n where_o there_o be_v a_o entry_n by_o a_o gentle_a and_o easy_a ascent_n which_o passage_n they_o have_v fortify_v with_o a_o double_a wall_n of_o a_o large_a altitude_n and_o have_v place_v mighty_a great_a stone_n and_o sharp_a beam_n upon_o the_o wall_n ready_a for_o a_o assault_n this_o people_n descend_v from_o the_o cimbri_n and_o teutoni_n who_o in_o their_o journey_n into_o italy_n leave_v such_o carriage_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o rhine_n as_o they_o can_v not_o convenient_o take_v along_o with_o they_o and_o 6000_o man_n to_o look_v to_o they_o who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o fellow_n be_v many_o year_n disquiet_v by_o their_o neighbour_n sometime_o invade_v other_o state_n and_o sometime_o defend_v themselves_o at_o length_n procure_v a_o peace_n and_o choose_v this_o place_n to_o settle_v themselves_o in_o at_o the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o roman_a army_n they_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o make_v many_o light_a skirmish_n with_o they_o but_o after_o that_o caesar_n have_v draw_v a_o rampire_n about_o the_o town_n of_o twelve_o foot_n in_o height_n fifteen_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o have_v fortify_v it_o with_o castle_n very_o thick_a about_o the_o town_n they_o keep_v themselves_o within_o the_o wall_n and_o as_o they_o behold_v the_o vine_n frame_v the_o mount_n raise_v and_o a_o tower_n in_o build_v afar_o off_o at_o first_o they_o begin_v to_o laugh_v at_o it_o and_o with_o scoff_a speech_n from_o the_o wall_n begin_v to_o ask_v with_o what_o hand_n and_o with_o what_o strength_n especial_o by_o man_n of_o that_o stature_n for_o the_o roman_n be_v but_o little_a man_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o gall_n a_o tower_n of_o that_o huge_a massy_a weight_n shall_v be_v bring_v unto_o the_o wall_n but_o when_o they_o see_v it_o remove_v and_o approach_v near_o unto_o the_o town_n as_o man_n astonish_v at_o the_o strange_a and_o unaccustomed_a sight_n thereof_o they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v a_o peace_n with_o this_o message_n they_o believe_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o make_v war_n without_o the_o special_a assistance_n of_o the_o god_n that_o can_v with_o such_o facility_n transport_v engine_n of_o that_o height_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o encounter_v at_o hand_n against_o the_o strong_a part_n of_o their_o town_n and_o therefore_o they_o submit_v both_o themselves_o
of_o some_o castle_n and_o hold_n ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o from_o round_o about_o and_o give_v hostage_n for_o their_o fidelity_n he_o conclude_v a_o peace_n and_o resolve_v to_o place_v two_o cohort_n of_o his_o legion_n among_o the_o nantuates_n and_o himself_o to_o winter_n with_o the_o other_o cohort_n in_o a_o town_n of_o the_o veragri_n name_v octodurus_n this_o town_n be_v site_v in_o a_o narrow_a valley_n and_o encircle_v about_o with_o mighty_a high_a hill_n be_v divide_v by_o a_o river_n into_o two_o part_n whereof_o he_o give_v one_o part_n to_o the_o gall_n and_o the_o other_o he_o choose_v for_o his_o winter_v camp_n and_o fortify_v it_o about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n after_o he_o have_v spend_v many_o day_n of_o winter_v and_o give_v order_n that_o corn_n shall_v be_v bring_v thither_o for_o provision_n he_o have_v intelligence_n upon_o a_o sudden_a that_o the_o gall_n in_o the_o night_n time_n have_v all_o left_a that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n that_o be_v allot_v unto_o they_o and_o that_o the_o hill_n which_o hang_v over_o the_o valley_n wherein_o the_o town_n stand_v be_v possess_v with_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o seduni_n and_o veragri_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o sudden_a commotion_n be_v chief_o the_o paucity_n of_o the_o roman_a force_n not_o make_v a_o complete_a legion_n forasmuch_o as_o two_o cohort_n winter_v among_o the_o nantuates_n beside_o many_o particular_a soldier_n that_o be_v want_v some_o be_v go_v to_o fetch_v in_o provision_n and_o other_o upon_o other_o necessary_a occasion_n and_o beside_o their_o be_v thus_o contemptible_a in_o regard_n of_o themselves_o the_o place_n afford_v such_o advantage_n that_o they_o be_v persuade_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o steep_a declivity_n of_o the_o hill_n that_o the_o roman_n will_v not_o endure_v the_o brunt_n of_o the_o first_o assault_n beside_o this_o it_o grieve_v they_o exceed_o to_o have_v their_o child_n take_v from_o they_o under_o the_o title_n of_o hostage_n and_o the_o alps_n which_o nature_n have_v exempt_v from_o habitation_n &_o place_v as_o bound_n between_o two_o large_a kingdom_n to_o be_v seize_v upon_o by_o the_o roman_a legion_n not_o for_o their_o passage_n so_o much_o as_o for_o their_o perpetual_a possession_n &_o to_o be_v unite_v to_o their_o province_n upon_o these_o advertisement_n galba_n not_o have_v as_o yet_o finish_v the_o fortification_n of_o his_o camp_n nor_o sufficient_o make_v provision_n of_o corn_n and_o forage_n for_o the_o winter_n season_n in_o that_o he_o little_o fear_v any_o motion_n of_o war_n be_v secure_v of_o their_o amity_n and_o obedience_n both_o by_o hostage_n and_o rendry_a present_o call_v a_o council_n of_o war_n to_o determine_v what_o course_n be_v best_a to_o be_v take_v in_o which_o council_n the_o mind_n of_o many_o be_v so_o amaze_v with_o the_o terror_n of_o so_o unexpected_a a_o danger_n when_o they_o behold_v the_o hill_n pester_v with_o arm_a soldier_n the_o passage_n take_v and_o intercept_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o no_o hope_n leave_v of_o any_o succour_n or_o relief_n that_o they_o can_v think_v of_o no_o other_o way_n for_o their_o safety_n then_o leave_v behind_o they_o their_o baggage_n and_o impediment_n to_o sally_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n and_o so_o to_o save_v themselves_o by_o the_o same_o way_n they_o come_v thither_o notwithstanding_o the_o great_a part_n conclude_v to_o refer_v that_o resolution_n to_o the_o last_o push_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o attend_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o event_n and_o defend_v the_o camp_n observation_n which_o advise_v although_o at_o this_o time_n it_o sort_v to_o small_a effect_n yet_o it_o better_a suit_v the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o savour_v more_o of_o temper_a magnanimity_n then_o that_o former_a hazard_n which_o argue_v the_o weakness_n of_o their_o mind_n by_o their_o overhasty_a and_o too_o forward_a resolution_n for_o as_o it_o import_v great_a danger_n and_o discover_v a_o more_o desperate_a spirit_n to_o break_v through_o the_o thick_a troop_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o so_o by_o strong_a hand_n to_o save_v themselves_o by_o the_o help_n of_o some_o other_o fortune_n so_o it_o manifest_v a_o great_a apprehension_n of_o terror_n and_o a_o strong_a impression_n of_o fear_n which_o can_v afford_v nothing_o but_o desperate_a remedy_n for_o desperate_a and_o inconsiderate_a rashness_n rise_v soon_o of_o fear_n then_o of_o any_o other_o passion_n of_o the_o mind_n but_o such_o as_o behold_v the_o danger_n with_o a_o less_o trouble_a eye_n and_o qualify_v the_o terror_n of_o death_n with_o the_o life_n of_o their_o spirit_n reserve_v extremity_n of_o help_n to_o extremity_n of_o peril_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n attend_v what_o chance_v of_o advantage_n may_v happen_v unto_o they_o upon_o any_o enterprise_n the_o enemy_n shall_v attempt_v they_o i_o say_v so_o give_v great_a scope_n to_o fortune_n and_o enlarge_v the_o bound_n of_o change_a accident_n chap._n ii_o the_o enemy_n set_v upon_o the_o winter_v camp_n galba_n overthrow_v they_o the_o council_n be_v dismiss_v caesar_n they_o have_v scarce_o time_n to_o put_v in_o execution_n such_o thing_n as_o be_v agree_v upon_o for_o their_o defence_n but_o the_o enemy_n at_o a_o watchword_n give_v assault_v the_o camp_n on_o all_o side_n with_o stone_n and_o dart_n and_o other_o cast_a weapon_n the_o roman_n at_o first_o when_o their_o strength_n be_v fresh_a valiant_o resist_v the_o brunt_n of_o the_o charge_n neither_o do_v they_o spend_v in_o vain_a any_o weapon_n which_o they_o cast_v from_o the_o rampire_n but_o what_o part_n soever_o of_o their_o camp_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n and_o want_v of_o help_n thither_o they_o come_v with_o succour_n and_o relief_n but_o herein_o they_o be_v overmatch_v for_o the_o enemy_n be_v spend_v and_o weary_v with_o fight_n whensoever_o any_o of_o they_o give_v place_n and_o forsake_v the_o battle_n there_o be_v always_o fresh_a combatant_n to_o supply_v it_o but_o the_o roman_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o small_a number_n have_v no_o such_o help_n for_o their_o extremity_n in_o that_o point_n be_v such_o that_o no_o man_n be_v permit_v neither_o for_o weariness_n nor_o wound_n to_o forsake_v his_o station_n or_o abandon_v his_o charge_n and_o have_v thus_o fight_v continual_o the_o space_n of_o six_o hour_n when_o both_o strength_n &_o weapon_n want_v the_o enemy_n persist_v with_o great_a fury_n to_o fill_v the_o ditch_n &_o break_v down_o the_o rampire_n &_o their_o hope_n rely_v upon_o the_o last_o expectation_n p._n s._n bacu._n the_o primipile_n of_o that_o legion_n who_o we_o say_v to_o be_v so_o sore_o wound_v in_o the_o nervian_a battle_n and_o caius_n volusenus_n tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n a_o man_n of_o singular_a courage_n and_o wisdom_n run_v speedy_o to_o galba_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o only_a wâ—y_n of_o safety_n be_v to_o break_v out_o upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o try_v the_o last_o refuge_n in_o that_o extremity_n whereupon_o they_o call_v the_o centurion_n and_o by_o they_o admonise_v the_o soldier_n to_o surcease_v a_o while_n from_o fight_v and_o only_o to_o receive_v such_o weapon_n as_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o camp_n and_o so_o to_o rest_v themselves_o a_o little_a and_o recover_v their_o strength_n and_o then_o at_o a_o watchword_n to_o sally_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n and_o lay_v their_o safety_n upon_o their_o valour_n which_o the_o soldier_n execute_v with_o such_o alacrity_n and_o courage_n of_o spirit_n that_o break_v out_o at_o all_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o camp_n they_o give_v no_o leisure_n to_o the_o enemy_n to_o consider_v what_o be_v do_v nor_o to_o satisfy_v his_o judgement_n touch_v so_o unexpected_a a_o novelty_n and_o thus_o fortune_n be_v sudden_o change_v the_o roman_n encompass_v those_o who_o come_v with_o full_a expectation_n of_o spoil_v their_o camp_n slay_v more_o than_o the_o three_o part_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o and_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n not_o suffer_v they_o to_o stay_v upon_o the_o hill_n near_o about_o they_o have_v thus_o overthrow_v the_o enemy_n whole_a strength_n and_o take_v their_o arm_n they_o draw_v again_o into_o their_o quarter_n observation_n which_o strange_a alteration_n lively_o describe_v the_o force_n of_o novelty_n battle_n and_o the_o effectual_a power_n of_o unexpected_a adventure_n for_o in_o the_o first_o course_n of_o their_o proceed_n wherein_o the_o roman_n defend_v the_o camp_n and_o the_o gall_n charge_v it_o by_o assault_n the_o victory_n hold_v constant_a with_o the_o gall_n and_o threaten_a death_n and_o mortality_n to_o the_o roman_n neither_o have_v they_o any_o mean_n to_o recover_v hope_n of_o better_a success_n but_o by_o try_v another_o way_n which_o so_o much_o the_o more_o amaze_v the_o gall_n in_o that_o they_o have_v vehement_o apprehend_v a_o opinion_n of_o victory_n
point_n between_o their_o fight_n at_o sea_n and_o that_o at_o land_n save_v that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v martial_v in_o troop_n and_o band_n in_o regard_n whereof_o the_o sea-service_n be_v count_v more_o base_a and_o dishonourable_a and_o the_o rather_o inasmuch_o as_o it_o decide_v the_o controversy_n by_o sling_n and_o casting-weapon_n which_o kind_n of_o fight_n be_v of_o less_o honour_n than_o buckle_v at_o handy-blowe_n chap._n vii_o the_o battle_n continue_v and_o caesar_n overcome_v the_o roman_n have_v take_v one_o town_n after_o another_o caesar_n the_o enemy_n still_o convey_v themselves_o to_o the_o next_o so_o that_o caesar_n deem_v it_o but_o lose_a labour_n whilst_o he_o can_v neither_o hinder_v their_o escape_n nor_o do_v they_o any_o mischief_n resolve_v to_o wait_v the_o come_n of_o his_o navy_n which_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v but_o the_o enemy_n descry_v it_o present_o make_v out_o 220_o sail_n of_o ship_n wel-appointed_n and_o furnish_v in_o all_o respect_n to_o oppose_v they_o neither_o do_v brutus_n the_o admiral_n nor_o any_o tribune_n or_o centurion_n in_o his_o navy_n know_v what_o to_o do_v or_o what_o course_n of_o fight_n to_o take_v for_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o beak-head_n of_o their_o quinqueremes_n can_v perform_v no_o service_n upon_o they_o and_o although_o they_o shall_v raise_v turret_n according_a to_o their_o use_n yet_o these_o will_v not_o equal_v in_o height_n the_o poup_n of_o the_o enemy_n ship_v so_o that_o therein_o also_o the_o gall_n have_v advantage_n for_o as_o the_o roman_n can_v not_o much_o annoy_v they_o with_o their_o weapon_n in_o regard_n they_o lie_v so_o low_a under_o they_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a their_o dart_n must_v needs_o fall_v with_o great_a advantage_n upon_o the_o roman_n yet_o one_o thing_n there_o be_v among_o their_o provision_n which_o stand_v they_o in_o great_a stead_n for_o the_o roman_n have_v provide_v great_a sharp_a hook_n or_o sickle_n which_o they_o put_v upon_o great_a and_o long_a pole_n these_o they_o fasten_v to_o the_o tackle_n which_o hold_v the_o main-yard_n to_o the_o mast_n and_o then_o hale_v away_o their_o ship_n with_o force_n of_o oar_n they_o cut_v the_o say_v tackle_v and_o the_o main-yard_n fall_v down_o whereby_o the_o gall_n who_o only_a hope_n for_o their_o navy_n consist_v in_o the_o sail_n and_o tackle_n lose_v at_o one_o instant_a both_o their_o sail_n and_o the_o use_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o then_o the_o controversy_n fall_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o valour_n wherein_o the_o roman_n exceed_v the_o gall_n and_o the_o rather_o inasmuch_o as_o they_o fight_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o caesar_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n no_o valiant_a act_n can_v be_v smother_v in_o secret_a for_o all_o the_o hill_n and_o cliff_n which_o afford_v near_o prospect_n into_o the_o sea_n be_v cover_v with_o the_o roman_a army_n their_o main-yard_n be_v cut_v down_o and_o the_o roman_n though_o every_o ship_n of_o they_o have_v two_o or_o three_o of_o the_o enemy_n about_o it_o endeavour_v with_o great_a fury_n to_o board_n they_o fail_v not_o to_o take_v many_o of_o their_o ship_n which_o the_o gall_n perceive_v and_o find_v no_o remedy_n nor_o hope_n of_o resistance_n begin_v all_o to_o fly_v and_o turn_v their_o ship_n to_o a_o fore-wind_n be_v upon_o a_o sudden_a so_o becalm_v that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o make_v no_o way_n at_o all_o which_o fall_v out_o very_o fit_o for_o the_o roman_n who_o now_o fight_v ship_n to_o ship_n easy_o take_v they_o insomuch_o that_o of_o so_o great_a a_o navy_n very_o few_o through_o the_o help_n of_o the_o evening_n escape_v to_o land_n after_o they_o have_v fight_v the_o space_n of_o eight_o hour_n with_o which_o battle_n end_v the_o war_n with_o the_o veneti_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o maritime_a nation_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n both_o young_a and_o old_a in_o who_o there_o be_v either_o courage_n counsel_n or_o dignity_n be_v present_a at_o this_o battle_n and_o all_o the_o ship_n they_o can_v possible_o make_v be_v here_o engage_v take_v and_o lose_v so_o that_o such_o as_o remain_v know_v not_o whither_o to_o go_v nor_o how_o to_o defend_v their_o town_n any_o long_o and_o therefore_o yield_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n towards_o who_o he_o use_v the_o great_a severity_n that_o he_o may_v thereby_o teach_v all_o other_o barbarous_a people_n not_o to_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n by_o injury_a ambassador_n for_o he_o slay_v all_o the_o senate_n with_o the_o sword_n and_o sell_v the_o people_n for_o bondslave_n the_o observation_n in_o this_o battle_n i_o chief_o observe_v the_o good_a fortune_n which_o usual_o attend_v upon_o industry_n industry_n for_o among_o other_o provision_n which_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v furnish_v out_o to_o the_o use_n of_o this_o war_n they_o have_v make_v ready_a these_o hook_n not_o for_o this_o intent_n wherein_o they_o be_v employ_v but_o at_o all_o occasion_n and_o chance_n that_o may_v happen_v as_o serviceable_a compliment_n rather_o than_o principal_a instrument_n and_o yet_o it_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o they_o prove_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o overthrow_v the_o gall_n which_o prove_v true_a the_o say_n of_o caesar_n that_o industry_n command_v fortune_n and_o buy_v good_a success_n with_o extraordinary_a labour_n for_o industry_n in_o action_n be_v as_o importunity_n in_o speech_n which_o force_v a_o assent_n beyond_o the_o strength_n of_o reason_n and_o strive_v through_o continual_a pursuit_n to_o make_v good_a the_o motive_n by_o often_o inculcation_n and_o at_o length_n find_v that_o disposition_n which_o will_v easy_o admit_v whatsoever_o be_v require_v in_o like_a manner_n diligence_n and_o laboursome_a industry_n by_o circumspect_a and_o heedful_a carriage_n seldom_o fail_v either_o by_o hap_n or_o cunning_a to_o make_v good_a that_o part_n whereon_o the_o main_a point_n of_o the_o matter_n depend_v for_o every_o action_n be_v entangle_v with_o many_o infinite_a adherent_n which_o be_v so_o interest_v in_o the_o matter_n that_o it_o succee_v according_a as_o it_o be_v carry_v answerable_a to_o their_o nature_n of_o these_o adherent_n some_o of_o they_o be_v by_o wisdom_n foresee_v and_o direct_v to_o that_o course_n which_o may_v fortunate_a the_o action_n the_o rest_n be_v unknown_a continue_v without_o either_o direction_n or_o prevention_n and_o be_v all_o under_o the_o regiment_n of_o fortune_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v beyond_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o wise_a reach_n and_o in_o the_o way_n either_o to_o assist_v or_o disadvantage_n of_o these_o industry_n have_v great_a authority_n inasmuch_o as_o she_o arm_v herself_o for_o all_o chance_n whereby_o she_o be_v say_v to_o command_v fortune_n chap._n viii_o sabinus_n overthrow_v the_o vnelli_n perchâ—_n with_o the_o manner_n thereof_o while_o these_o thing_n happen_v in_o the_o state_n of_o vannes_n caesar_n l._n titurius_n sabinus_n enter_v with_o his_o force_n into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o unelli_n over_o these_o viridovix_n rule_v who_o be_v at_o present_a make_v commander_n in_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o revolt_a city_n which_o furnish_v he_o with_o a_o great_a &_o potent_a army_n beside_o this_o the_o roan_n aulerci_n eureux_fw-fr eburonice_n and_o lexovii_n have_v slay_v their_o senate_n because_o they_o will_v not_o countenance_v the_o war_n shut_v their_o gate_n and_o join_v with_o viridovix_n also_o there_o come_v great_a multitude_n to_o they_o out_o of_o gallia_n man_n of_o break_a fortune_n thief_n and_o robber_n who_o the_o hope_n of_o prey_n and_o spoil_n have_v make_v to_o prefer_v the_o war_n before_o husbandry_n and_o day-labour_n sabinus_n encamp_v himself_o in_o a_o convenient_a place_n keep_v his_o soldier_n within_o the_o rampire_n but_o viridovix_n be_v lodge_v within_o less_o than_o two_o mile_n of_o sabinus_n his_o camp_n bring_v out_o his_o force_n daily_o and_o put_v they_o in_o battle_n give_v he_o opportunity_n to_o fight_v if_o he_o will_v which_o sabinus_n refuse_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o he_o begin_v not_o only_o to_o be_v suspect_v by_o the_o enemy_n of_o cowardice_n but_o to_o be_v taunt_v with_o the_o reproachful_a speech_n of_o his_o own_o soldier_n the_o opinion_n of_o his_o be_v fearful_a thus_o settle_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o use_v all_o mean_n to_o increase_v it_o and_o carry_v it_o so_o well_o that_o the_o enemy_n dare_v approach_v the_o very_a rampire_n of_o the_o camp_n the_o colour_n that_o he_o pretend_v be_v that_o he_o think_v it_o not_o the_o part_n of_o a_o legate_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o general_n to_o sight_n with_o a_o enemy_n of_o that_o strength_n but_o upon_o some_o good_a opportunity_n or_o in_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n in_o this_o general_a persuasion_n of_o fear_n sabinus_n choose_v out_o a_o subtle-witted_a gall_n a_o auxiliarie_n
soon_o know_v but_o they_o levy_v great_a force_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o with_o their_o horse_n in_o which_o their_o principal_a strength_n consist_v charge_v upon_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o march_n which_o be_v easy_o repel_v as_o we_o follow_v the_o retreat_n sudden_o the_o infantry_n of_o the_o gall_n show_v itself_o in_o a_o valley_n as_o it_o lay_v in_o ambush_n these_o set_n upon_o the_o roman_n renew_v the_o battle_n and_o there_o the_o fight_n continue_v hot_a a_o long_a time_n the_o sontiate_n be_v animate_v with_o the_o former_a victory_n see_v all_o the_o hope_n of_o aquitanie_n rely_v upon_o their_o virtue_n and_o the_o roman_n on_o the_o other_o side_n desire_v to_o show_v what_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v of_o themselves_o without_o their_o grand_a captain_n and_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o a_o young_a soldier_n at_o length_n the_o enemy_n overwage_v with_o prowess_n and_o weary_v with_o wound_n betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n of_o who_o the_o roman_n slay_v a_o great_a number_n and_o then_o march_v direct_o to_o the_o town_n of_o the_o sontiate_n and_o lay_v siege_n unto_o it_o the_o siege_n grow_v hot_a the_o roman_n approach_v the_o wall_n with_o vine_n turret_n and_o mount_v the_o townsman_n defend_v themselves_o sometime_o by_o sally_v out_o sometime_o by_o undermine_v the_o mount_n and_o fortification_n wherein_o the_o aquitani_n be_v very_o skilful_a but_o when_o they_o perceive_v the_o industry_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o exceed_v all_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v they_o entreat_v crassus_n to_o accept_v their_o rendry_n which_o be_v grant_v and_o all_o the_o army_n intend_v the_o delivery_n of_o their_o arm_n adcantuanus_n their_o chief_a magistrate_n flee_v out_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n at_o another_o port_n of_o the_o city_n with_o six_o hundred_o devote_a companion_n who_o they_o call_v soldurii_fw-la who_o manner_n be_v to_o enjoy_v all_o good_a thing_n in_o common_a with_o those_o who_o they_o have_v choose_v for_o their_o friend_n and_o if_o any_o misfortune_n befall_v they_o either_o to_o die_v with_o they_o or_o present_o kill_v themselves_o neither_o be_v it_o ever_o know_v in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n that_o any_o of_o they_o refuse_v to_o die_v when_o his_o friend_n be_v slay_v but_o as_o they_o attempt_v to_o escape_v the_o soldier_n that_o keep_v that_o part_n of_o the_o fortification_n as_o they_o signify_v his_o evasion_n by_o a_o clamour_n and_o shout_n the_o rest_n betake_v themselves_o to_o arm_n and_o so_o after_o a_o sharp_a conflict_n repel_v he_o again_o into_o the_o town_n where_o he_o desire_v to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o number_n of_o the_o submissive_a multitude_n which_o be_v grant_v crassus_n have_v take_v hostage_n of_o they_o go_v into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o vocates_n and_o tarusates_n the_o first_o observation_n these_o skilful_a and_o experience_a man_n which_o crassus_n send_v for_o out_o of_o all_o the_o city_n in_o aquitaniâ—_n evocati_fw-la 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high_a mount_n the_o jew_n undermine_v the_o same_o with_o such_o art_n that_o as_o they_o dig_v underneath_o they_o support_v the_o mount_n with_o huge_a prop_n and_o plank_n that_o it_o may_v not_o shrink_v and_o watch_v a_o time_n of_o great_a advantage_n they_o set_v all_o the_o timber-work_n which_o underprop_v the_o mount_n on_o fire_n which_o take_v fire_n with_o the_o help_n of_o brimstone_n and_o pitch_n the_o mount_n fall_v upon_o a_o sudden_a to_o the_o great_a terror_n &_o amazement_n of_o the_o roman_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o avaricum_n gall._n we_o find_v how_o the_o gall_n by_o undermine_v do_v take_v the_o earth_n from_o the_o mount_n as_o fast_o as_o it_o be_v carry_v unto_o it_o by_o the_o roman_n and_o so_o keep_v it_o from_o rise_v and_o make_v it_o uneffectual_a but_o if_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v of_o wood_n or_o other_o combustible_a matter_n they_o seek_v then_o by_o all_o mean_n to_o burn_v it_o as_o it_o happen_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o massilia_n and_o oftentimes_o when_o both_o burn_a and_o undermine_v fail_v they_o confront_v it_o with_o another_o mount_n within_o the_o wall_n to_o disappoint_v the_o disadvantage_n by_o equal_a contest_v of_o it_o and_o so_o make_v it_o unprofitable_a concern_v mine_n thus_o much_o may_v i_o say_v without_o prejudice_n to_o that_o art_n that_o the_o chief_a point_n to_o be_v respect_v be_v these_o first_o the_o true_a distance_n to_o a_o design_a place_n which_o be_v best_a get_v by_o instrument_n and_o help_v of_o geometry_n where_o other_o mark_n of_o certainty_n be_v want_v second_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o mine_n that_o we_o may_v not_o err_v in_o our_o course_n which_o the_o compass_n afford_v three_o the_o strengthen_n of_o the_o mine_n with_o timber-work_n if_o need_v require_v last_o the_o countermine_v and_o crosse-meeting_n all_o which_o part_n have_v very_o many_o circumstance_n and_o require_v a_o large_a discourse_n than_o may_v be_v think_v pertinent_a for_o this_o place_n the_o three_o observation_n the_o strange_a contract_n between_o these_o soldurii_fw-la and_o their_o chieftain_n may_v well_o deserve_v a_o place_n among_o these_o observation_n especial_o consider_v the_o obligatory_a condition_n which_o either_o party_n stand_v bind_v to_o observe_v for_o the_o captain_n be_v to_o make_v his_o soldurii_fw-la partaker_n of_o all_o his_o happiness_n in_o this_o life_n in_o regard_n whereof_o they_o be_v to_o take_v â—arâ—_n of_o whatsoever_o ill_a chance_n or_o disaster_n shall_v happen_v to_o befall_v he_o if_o death_n which_o be_v the_o last_o end_n of_o all_o sensual_a misery_n take_v hold_v of_o their_o head_n these_o devote_a be_v tie_v voluntary_o to_o follow_v he_o the_o selfsame_a way_n neither_o in_o any_o memory_n be_v there_o say_v he_o ever_o man_n find_v that_o refuse_v to_o die_v if_o he_o to_o who_o he_o be_v devote_v chance_v to_o be_v slay_v which_o bloody_a league_n of_o amity_n as_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n multiply_v particular_a destiny_n to_o a_o general_a calamity_n so_o be_v it_o dangerous_a in_o a_o wel-ordered_n state_n if_o the_o ringleader_n be_v either_o ambitious_a or_o seek_v to_o practise_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o good_a government_n for_o he_o himself_o will_v presume_v much_o upon_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o soldurii_fw-la and_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n must_v needs_o wish_v well_o to_o his_o attempt_n that_o be_v so_o interest_v in_o his_o life_n and_o death_n chap._n x._o the_o gall_n raise_v new_a force_n against_o crassus_n the_o barbarous_a gall_n be_v much_o trouble_v caesar_n that_o a_o town_n of_o that_o strength_n both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n shall_v so_o soon_o be_v take_v and_o therefore_o they_o send_v ambassador_n into_o all_o quarter_n conjure_v one_o with_o another_o confirm_v their_o covenant_n with_o mutual_a hostage_n and_o levy_v what_o power_n they_o be_v able_a to_o make_v send_v for_o aid_v out_o of_o spain_n and_o from_o other_o state_n that_o border_v upon_o aquitanie_n at_o the_o come_n of_o these_o force_n they_o begin_v to_o make_v war_n with_o a_o great_a power_n and_o with_o many_o soldier_n of_o great_a fame_n for_o they_o appoint_v such_o leader_n as_o have_v see_v the_o experience_n of_o sertorius_n his_o war_n and_o be_v great_a in_o the_o opinion_n of_o man_n for_o their_o skill_n and_o knowledge_n in_o the_o art_n military_a these_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n begin_v to_o take_v place_n of_o advantage_n to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n and_o to_o intercept_v the_o roman_n from_o free_a passage_n of_o convoy_n and_o necessary_a intercourse_n which_o when_o crassus_n perceive_v and_o consider_v withal_o that_o his_o own_o force_n be_v so_o few_o that_o he_o can_v not_o well_o dismember_v they_o upon_o any_o service_n or_o advantage_n and_o that_o the_o enemy_n go_v out_o
that_o course_n which_o reason_n appoint_v as_o the_o best_a mean_n to_o a_o fortunate_a success_n always_o remember_v that_o all_o his_o action_n be_v present_v upon_o a_o stage_n and_o pass_v the_o censure_n of_o many_o curious_a beholder_n which_o applaud_v grave_a and_o patient_a motion_n as_o the_o great_a proof_n of_o true_a wisdom_n and_o disallow_v of_o passionate_a and_o headstrong_a affection_n as_o derogate_a from_o the_o sincere_a carriage_n of_o a_o action_n how_o just_a soever_o otherwise_o it_o seem_v concern_v execution_n and_o fury_n of_o battle_n i_o take_v anger_n to_o be_v a_o necessary_a instrument_n to_o set_v valour_n on_o foot_n and_o to_o overwage_v the_o difficulty_n of_o terror_n with_o a_o furious_a resolution_n for_o consider_v that_o the_o noble_a action_n of_o the_o mind_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o impulsion_n of_o passion_n i_o take_v anger_n to_o be_v the_o fit_a mean_n to_o advance_v the_o valiant_a carriage_n of_o a_o battle_n for_o as_o fear_n be_v treacherous_a and_o unsafe_a so_o anger_n be_v confident_a and_o of_o a_o unquencheable_a heat_n and_o therefore_o a_o commander_n ought_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o suggest_v matter_n of_o anger_n against_o a_o enemy_n that_o his_o man_n may_v behold_v they_o with_o a_o wrathful_a regard_n and_o thirst_n after_o the_o day_n of_o battle_n to_o satisfy_v their_o fury_n with_o the_o blood_n of_o their_o adversary_n if_o any_o urge_v that_o it_o have_v be_v heretofore_o observe_v of_o the_o gall_n that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o battle_n they_o be_v more_o than_o man_n and_o in_o the_o late_a end_n they_o be_v less_o than_o woman_n and_o therefore_o a_o choleric_a disposition_n be_v not_o so_o fit_a for_o service_n as_o we_o seem_v to_o make_v it_o i_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o a_o disposition_n to_o choler_n such_o as_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o gall_n and_o the_o passion_n of_o anger_n well_o kindle_v in_o the_o mind_n for_o the_o first_o be_v subject_n to_o alteration_n and_o contrariety_n of_o action_n but_o the_o other_o be_v furious_a invincible_a never_o satisfy_v but_o with_o revenge_n and_o so_o that_o of_o aristotle_n be_v prove_v true_a that_o anger_n serve_v oftentimes_o as_o a_o weapon_n to_o virtue_n whereunto_o some_o answer_n very_o pleasant_o say_v it_o be_v a_o weapon_n of_o a_o strange_a nature_n for_o we_o do_v manage_v other_o weapon_n and_o this_o do_v manage_v we_o our_o hand_n guide_v not_o it_o but_o it_o guide_v our_o hand_n it_o possess_v we_o tacit._n &_o not_o we_o it_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o tiberius_n among_o the_o mutinous_a legion_n at_o vetera_n annal._n and_o therefore_o a_o commander_n ought_v to_o take_v great_a heed_n who_o he_o make_v the_o object_n of_o that_o anger_n which_o kindle_v in_o his_o army_n for_o as_o it_o be_v a_o passion_n of_o terrible_a execution_n and_o therefore_o need_v to_o be_v wise_o direct_v so_o be_v it_o dangerous_a in_o regard_n of_o obedience_n which_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n which_o caesar_n require_v in_o his_o soldier_n but_o to_o leave_v this_o hasty_a matter_n and_o fall_v near_o that_o which_o we_o seek_v after_o i_o may_v not_o omit_v the_o prognostication_n which_o caesar_n make_v of_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o accident_n by_o the_o natural_a disposition_n of_o the_o people_n the_o event_n whereof_o prove_v the_o truth_n of_o his_o prediction_n which_o show_v what_o advantage_n a_o learned_a general_n that_o have_v be_v somewhat_o instruct_v in_o the_o school_n of_o nature_n have_v gain_v of_o he_o who_o only_a experience_n have_v teach_v the_o active_a rudiment_n of_o the_o war_n and_o think_v of_o no_o further_a lession_n in_o that_o art_n then_o that_o which_o the_o office_n of_o a_o sergeant_n or_o lancepresado_n contain_v chap._n iii_o caesar_n come_v to_o his_o army_n march_v towards_o the_o german_n and_o by_o the_o way_n treat_v of_o condition_n of_o peace_n caesar_n be_v come_v to_o his_o army_n caesar_n find_v that_o to_o have_v happen_v which_o he_o before_o suspect_v for_o some_o of_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n have_v send_v messenger_n unto_o the_o german_n to_o leave_v the_o bank_n of_o rhine_n and_o to_o come_v further_o into_o the_o continent_n where_o they_o shall_v find_v ready_a whatsoever_o they_o desire_v whereupon_o the_o german_n begin_v to_o make_v further_a incursion_n and_o to_o waste_v the_o land_n as_o far_o as_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o liege_n eburones_n and_o the_o condrusi_n who_o be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o treviri_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v call_v together_o caesar_n think_v it_o best_a to_o dissemble_v what_o he_o have_v discover_v concern_v their_o revolt_n and_o confirm_v their_o mind_n with_o a_o approbation_n of_o their_o loialty_n he_o command_v certain_a troop_n of_o horse_n to_o be_v levy_v and_o resolve_v to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o german_n and_o have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n he_o direct_v his_o march_n towards_o they_o from_o who_o as_o he_o be_v on_o the_o way_n within_o a_o few_o day_n journey_n of_o their_o camp_n he_o receive_v this_o message_n the_o german_n as_o they_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o roman_n first_o so_o they_o will_v not_o refuse_v to_o make_v trial_n of_o their_o manhood_n if_o they_o be_v just_o provoke_v for_o their_o ancient_a custom_n be_v to_o answer_v a_o enemy_n by_o force_n and_o not_o by_o treaty_n yet_o thus_o much_o they_o will_v confess_v that_o they_o come_v thither_o very_o unwilling_o be_v drive_v by_o violence_n out_o of_o their_o possession_n if_o the_o roman_a people_n will_v accept_v of_o their_o friendship_n and_o either_o give_v they_o territory_n to_o inhabit_v or_o suffer_v they_o to_o keep_v that_o which_o they_o have_v get_v by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n they_o may_v prove_v profitable_a friend_n unto_o they_o they_o only_o yield_v to_o the_o suevi_n to_o who_o the_o god_n in_o feat_n of_o arm_n be_v inferior_a any_o other_o nation_n they_o will_v easy_o conquer_v to_o this_o caesar_n answer_v what_o he_o think_v fit_a but_o the_o purport_n of_o his_o speech_n be_v that_o he_o can_v not_o make_v any_o league_n with_o they_o if_o they_o continue_v in_o gallia_n neither_o be_v it_o probable_a that_o they_o that_o can_v not_o keep_v their_o own_o will_v get_v possession_n out_o of_o other_o man_n hand_n gallia_n have_v no_o vacant_a place_n to_o entertain_v so_o great_a a_o multitude_n but_o if_o they_o will_v they_o may_v find_v a_o welcome_a among_o the_o agrippina_n ubii_n who_o agent_n be_v at_o that_o instant_n in_o his_o camp_n complain_v of_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o suevi_n and_o desire_v aid_n against_o they_o thus_o much_o he_o himself_o will_v entreat_v of_o the_o ubii_n the_o messenger_n go_v back_o with_o these_o mandate_n promise_v within_o three_o day_n to_o return_v again_o to_o caesar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o desire_v he_o not_o to_o bring_v his_o army_n any_o near_o their_o quarter_n which_o request_n caesar_n deny_v for_o understanding_n that_o a_o few_o day_n before_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o cavalry_n be_v pass_v over_o the_o mosa_n to_o the_o ambivariti_n there_o to_o pillage_n and_o get_v provision_n he_o suspect_v that_o this_o delay_n import_v nothing_o more_o than_o the_o return_n of_o their_o horseman_n the_o river_n mosa_n have_v its_o rise_n from_o the_o mount_n vogesus_n in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o lingones_n and_o have_v run_v far_o it_o receive_v the_o river_n wael_n walis_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o rhine_n these_o two_o join_v make_v the_o island_n of_o the_o batavi_n fourscore_o mile_n below_o which_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n the_o rhine_n arise_v among_o the_o lepontii_n a_o people_n inhabit_v the_o alps_n and_o after_o a_o tedious_a course_n through_o the_o nantuates_n helvetii_n sequani_n mediomatrice_n triboci_n and_o treviri_n draw_v near_o the_o sea_n it_o divide_v into_o several_a branch_n and_o so_o make_v many_o considerable_a island_n most_o of_o which_o be_v inhabit_v by_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a people_n some_o whereof_o live_v only_o upon_o fish_n and_o the_o egg_n of_o bird_n after_o this_o the_o river_n empty_v itself_o at_o several_a mouth_n into_o the_o ocean_n when_o caesar_n be_v come_v within_o twelve_o mile_n of_o their_o camp_n their_o ambassador_n return_v and_o meet_v he_o on_o the_o way_n entreat_v he_o earnest_o to_o march_v no_o further_o towards_o they_o but_o be_v deny_v of_o their_o suit_n they_o beseech_v he_o to_o send_v to_o those_o troop_n of_o horse_n which_o march_v before_o the_o army_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o fight_v nor_o make_v any_o hostile_a encounter_n and_o that_o he_o will_v give_v they_o leave_v to_o send_v messenger_n to_o the_o ubii_n of_o who_o entertainment_n they_o will_v willing_o accept_v if_o the_o
prince_n and_o senate_n will_v swear_v faith_n and_o safe_a continuance_n unto_o their_o people_n neither_o will_v they_o require_v more_o than_o three_o day_n to_o negotiate_v this_o business_n caesar_n conceive_v this_o entreaty_n to_o import_v nothing_o else_o then_o the_o return_n of_o their_o horseman_n that_o be_v absent_a in_o pillage_n who_o they_o expect_v within_o three_o day_n notwithstanding_o he_o promise_v they_o to_o march_v but_o four_o mile_n further_o that_o day_n to_o a_o convenient_a watring-place_n and_o bid_v that_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o they_o shall_v come_v thither_o to_o he_o next_o day_n that_o he_o may_v know_v what_o they_o desire_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o send_v to_o the_o commander_n of_o the_o horse_n that_o be_v before_o not_o to_o provoke_v the_o enemy_n to_o fight_v and_o if_o they_o be_v set_v upon_o to_o sustain_v the_o charge_n until_o he_o come_v near_o with_o the_o army_n the_o first_o observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v his_o dissemble_n of_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o gall_n with_o the_o german_n and_o the_o encouragement_n which_o he_o give_v they_o in_o a_o faithful_a and_o loyal_a affection_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n when_o he_o himself_o know_v they_o have_v start_v from_o that_o duty_n which_o both_o their_o honour_n and_o a_o good_a respect_n of_o their_o friend_n require_v for_o he_o well_o understand_v that_o his_o presence_n do_v take_v away_o all_o scruple_n of_o any_o further_a motion_n in_o that_o kind_n and_o therefore_o to_o have_v object_v unto_o they_o their_o error_n have_v not_o be_v to_o heal_v but_o to_o discover_v their_o wound_n only_o he_o take_v the_o way_n to_o cut_v off_o their_o hope_n of_o any_o practice_n which_o they_o may_v attempt_v against_o the_o roman_a people_n and_o hold_v they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n in_o the_o appearance_n of_o faithful_a friend_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v discourage_v by_o the_o detection_n of_o their_o revolt_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o upon_o this_o resolution_n that_o there_o be_v no_o league_n to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o german_n if_o they_o continue_v on_o this_o side_n the_o rhine_n we_o may_v observe_v how_o he_o entertain_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n with_o such_o consent_n and_o denial_n as_o may_v manifest_v his_o readiness_n to_o further_a what_o he_o make_v show_v of_o and_o not_o weaken_v the_o mean_n of_o his_o best_a advantage_n for_o as_o he_o be_v content_a they_o shall_v take_v a_o quiet_a farewell_n of_o gallia_n and_o plant_v themselves_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o ubii_n so_o be_v he_o loath_a to_o yield_v to_o any_o condition_n which_o may_v disadvantage_n his_o forcible_a constraint_n or_o weaken_v his_o command_n if_o persuasion_n fail_v for_o he_o well_o know_v that_o powerful_a mean_n to_o effect_v that_o which_o he_o require_v will_v further_o the_o course_n of_o a_o peaceable_a conclusion_n and_o carry_v more_o authority_n in_o a_o parley_n than_o any_o other_o motive_n how_o reasonable_a soever_o moreover_o we_o may_v observe_v how_o careful_a he_o be_v not_o to_o impose_v upon_o the_o german_n a_o necessity_n of_o fight_v hostem_fw-la but_o open_v a_o passage_n by_o propound_v unto_o they_o the_o association_n of_o the_o ubii_n by_o which_o they_o may_v avoid_v the_o hazard_n of_o battle_n which_o thing_n be_v always_o observe_v by_o commander_n of_o ancient_a time_n who_o diligent_o search_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n find_v that_o neither_o of_o those_o noble_a instrument_n whereby_o man_n work_v such_o wonder_n i_o mean_v the_o hand_n and_o the_o tongue_n have_v ever_o bring_v so_o many_o excellent_a work_n to_o that_o type_n of_o perfection_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v force_v thereunto_o by_o necessity_n and_o therefore_o we_o be_v wise_o to_o handle_v the_o course_n of_o our_o action_n lest_o while_o we_o stand_v too_o strict_a upon_o a_o violent_a guard_n we_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o enemy_n by_o the_o way_n of_o antiperistasis_n to_o redouble_v his_o strength_n and_o so_o furnish_v he_o with_o that_o powerful_a engine_n which_o vetius_n mescius_fw-la call_v ultimum_fw-la and_o maximum_fw-la telum_fw-la the_o last_o and_o great_a weapon_n the_o force_n whereof_o shall_v better_a appear_v by_o these_o example_n some_o few_o of_o the_o samnite_n 9_o contrary_a to_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n between_o they_o and_o the_o roman_n have_v make_v incursion_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o roman_a confederate_n the_o senate_n of_o that_o state_n send_v to_o rome_n to_o excuse_v the_o fact_n and_o to_o make_v offer_n of_o satisfaction_n but_o be_v reject_v claudius_n pontius_n general_n of_o their_o force_n in_o a_o excellent_a oration_n which_o he_o make_v show_v how_o the_o roman_n will_v not_o hearken_v to_o peace_n but_o choose_v rather_o to_o be_v revenge_v by_o war_n and_o therefore_o necessity_n constrain_v they_o to_o put_v on_o arm_n justum_fw-la est_fw-la bellum_fw-la say_v he_o quibus_fw-la necessarium_fw-la &_o pia_fw-la arma_fw-la quibus_fw-la nulla_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o armis_fw-la spes_fw-la est_fw-la that_o war_n be_v just_a which_o be_v necessary_a and_o it_o be_v piety_n in_o those_o man_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n who_o have_v no_o hope_n but_o in_o take_v up_o arm_n the_o issue_n thereof_o be_v that_o the_o samnite_n entrap_v the_o roman_n in_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n so_o that_o they_o be_v force_v upon_o dishonourable_a term_n to_o save_v their_o life_n as_o it_o be_v at_o large_a in_o the_o nine_o book_n of_o livy_n caius_n manlius_n conduct_v the_o roman_a legion_n against_o the_o veii_n 7._o part_n of_o the_o veian_a army_n have_v enter_v the_o roman_a camp_n which_o manlius_n perceive_v he_o haste_v with_o a_o band_n of_o man_n to_o keep_v the_o breach_n and_o to_o shut_v in_o the_o veii_n which_o they_o no_o soon_o perceive_v but_o they_o fight_v with_o that_o rage_n and_o fury_n that_o they_o slay_v manlius_n and_o have_v overthrow_v the_o whole_a camp_n have_v not_o a_o tribune_n open_v they_o a_o passage_n by_o which_o they_o flee_v away_o in_o like_a manner_n camillus_n the_o wise_a of_o the_o roman_a captain_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o city_n of_o the_o veii_n that_o he_o may_v take_v it_o with_o great_a facility_n and_o disarm_v the_o enemy_n of_o that_o terrible_a weapon_n of_o necessity_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v proclaim_v that_o no_o veian_n shall_v be_v hurt_v that_o be_v find_v unarm_v whereupon_o every_o man_n cast_v away_o his_o weapon_n and_o so_o the_o town_n be_v take_v without_o bloodshed_n let_v a_o soldier_n therefore_o take_v such_o hold_n of_o occasion_n and_o opportunity_n as_o be_v offer_v unto_o he_o that_o in_o time_n of_o battle_n he_o may_v seem_v to_o cast_v necessity_n upon_o his_o own_o cause_n and_o retain_v it_o in_o his_o pay_n consider_v how_o the_o power_n thereof_o alter_v the_o work_n of_o nature_n and_o change_v their_o effect_n into_o contrary_a operation_n be_v never_o subject_a to_o any_o ordinance_n or_o law_n and_o yet_o make_v that_o lawful_a which_o procee_v from_o it_o chap._n four_o the_o german_n contrary_a to_o their_o own_o request_n make_v to_o caesar_n set_v upon_o the_o roman_a horseman_n and_o overthrow_v they_o notwithstanding_o the_o german_n request_n concern_v the_o truce_n caesar_n assoon_o as_o they_o see_v the_o roman_a horseman_n which_o be_v in_o number_n five_o thousand_o whereas_o the_o german_n have_v not_o above_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n those_o that_o go_v over_o the_o mosa_n to_o forage_v not_o be_v yet_o return_v they_o charge_v upon_o the_o roman_n not_o expect_v any_o hostile_a encounter_n inasmuch_o as_o their_o ambassador_n be_v new_o depart_v from_o caesar_n and_o have_v obtain_v that_o day_n of_o truce_n but_o be_v set_v upon_o they_o make_v what_o resistance_n they_o can_v the_o german_n according_a to_o their_o usual_a custom_n for_o sook_v their_o horse_n and_o fight_v on_o foot_n run_v our_o horse_n into_o the_o belly_n and_o overthrow_v many_o of_o our_o man_n so_o that_o they_o easy_o put_v the_o roman_n to_o flight_n who_o never_o look_v back_o until_o they_o come_v into_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o legion_n in_o that_o battle_n be_v slay_v 74_o roman_a horseman_n &_o among_o the_o rest_n piso_n a_o aquitane_n a_o valiant_a man_n and_o bear_v of_o noble_a parentage_n who_o grandfather_n be_v the_o chief_a ruler_n in_o his_o city_n and_o call_v friend_n by_o the_o roman_a senate_n this_o piso_n see_v his_o brother_n compass_v about_o by_o the_o enemy_n break_v in_o upon_o they_o and_o rescue_v he_o but_o have_v his_o horse_n wound_v under_o he_o in_o the_o action_n and_o be_v dismount_v he_o fight_v stout_o on_o foot_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o enemy_n hem_v he_o in_o and_o give_v he_o in_o and_o give_v he_o several_a wound_n then_o he_o fall_v down_o which_o his_o brother_n see_v afar_o off_o for_o he_o have_v
other_o work_n which_o he_o may_v well_o record_v as_o the_o great_a design_n of_o a_o heroic_a spirit_n and_o the_o wonderful_a effect_n of_o magnanimous_a industry_n that_o succeed_a age_n may_v not_o boast_v either_o of_o art_n or_o prowess_n which_o his_o virtue_n have_v not_o express_v or_o otherwise_o may_v wonder_v at_o that_o worth_n which_o they_o themselves_o can_v not_o attain_v unto_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o entertain_v vuruvius_n the_o father_n of_o architecture_n and_o as_o worthy_o to_o be_v imitate_v in_o that_o faculty_n as_o his_o master_n caesar_n be_v in_o feat_n of_o arm_n by_o who_o example_n a_o great_a commander_n may_v learn_v how_o much_o it_o import_v the_o eternity_n of_o his_o fame_n to_o beautify_v his_o great_a design_n with_o art_n and_o to_o esteem_v of_o such_o as_o be_v able_a to_o entreat_v the_o mathematical_a muse_n to_o show_v themselves_o under_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o sensible_a form_n which_o albeit_o through_o the_o rudeness_n of_o the_o matter_n fall_v far_o short_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o their_o intellectual_a nature_n yet_o their_o beauty_n express_v such_o a_o majesty_n of_o art_n that_o no_o time_n will_v suffer_v the_o memory_n thereof_o to_o perish_v the_o workmanship_n of_o this_o bridge_n consist_v chief_o in_o the_o oblique_a situation_n of_o the_o double_a post_n whereof_o the_o first_o order_n bend_v with_o the_o stream_n and_o the_o low_a rank_n against_o the_o stream_n when_o they_o come_v to_o be_v couple_v together_o with_o overthwart_a beam_n which_o be_v fasten_v in_o the_o couple_n with_o brace_n which_o he_o name_v fibulas_fw-la the_o more_o violent_a the_o stream_n fall_v upon_o the_o work_n the_o fast_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o building_n be_v unite_v as_o may_v better_o appear_v by_o a_o model_n of_o that_o make_n then_o can_v be_v express_v by_o any_o circumstance_n of_o word_n i_o may_v hence_o take_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o diversity_n of_o bridge_n and_o of_o the_o practice_n which_o antiquity_n have_v devise_v to_o transport_v army_n over_o river_n but_o inasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v a_o common_a subject_n for_o all_o that_o undertake_v this_o military_a task_n machin_n and_o have_v be_v handle_v by_o lapsius_fw-la upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o bridge_n i_o will_v refer_v the_o reader_n to_o that_o place_n and_o only_o note_v the_o singular_a disposition_n of_o this_o action_n inasmuch_o as_o caesar_n make_v the_o mean_n correspondent_a to_o that_o end_n which_o he_o intend_v for_o consider_v that_o the_o chief_a end_n of_o his_o passage_n be_v to_o let_v the_o german_n understand_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v not_o bound_v with_o the_o rhine_n and_o that_o a_o river_n can_v not_o so_o separate_v their_o territory_n but_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o join_v both_o the_o continent_n together_o and_o make_v a_o common_a roadway_n where_o it_o seem_v most_o unpassable_a he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o pass_v over_o his_o army_n by_o a_o bridge_n that_o so_o the_o german_n may_v know_v the_o power_n of_o his_o force_n and_o also_o conceit_n their_o territory_n as_o unite_v unto_o gallia_n or_o to_o be_v unite_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o roman_n with_o a_o firm_a isthmus_n and_o plain_a passage_n by_o foot_n which_o in_o time_n past_a have_v always_o be_v separate_v by_o a_o mighty_a river_n neither_o will_v a_o transportation_n by_o boat_n have_v wrought_v that_o effect_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o daily_a use_n thereof_o be_v so_o familiar_a to_o the_o german_n that_o it_o nothing_o alter_v their_o imagination_n of_o a_o unaccessible_a passage_n but_o when_o they_o see_v so_o strange_a a_o thing_n attempt_v and_o so_o sudden_o perform_v they_o will_v easy_o understand_v that_o they_o be_v not_o so_o far_o off_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v overtake_v and_o so_o direct_v their_o demeanour_n according_o let_v this_o suffice_v therefore_o to_o prove_v that_o a_o passage_n over_o a_o river_n by_o a_o bridge_n be_v more_o honourable_a safe_a and_o of_o great_a terror_n to_o the_o enemy_n than_o any_o other_o way_n that_o can_v be_v devise_v especial_o if_o the_o river_n carry_v any_o depth_n such_o as_o the_o rhine_n be_v otherwise_o if_o it_o have_v either_o shallows_o or_o ford_n whereby_o man_n may_v wade_v over_o without_o any_o great_a encumbrance_n it_o be_v but_o loâ—â—_n labour_n to_o stand_v about_o a_o bridge_n but_o rather_o to_o think_v of_o it_o as_o of_o a_o place_n encumber_v with_o such_o hindrance_n as_o man_n often_o meet_v with_o in_o a_o march_n chap._n vii_o caesar_n take_v revenge_n upon_o the_o sicambri_n give_v liberty_n to_o the_o ubii_n and_o return_v again_o into_o gallia_n the_o sicambri_n understanding_n that_o caesar_n be_v make_v a_o bridge_n over_o the_o rhine_n caesar_n prepare_v themselves_o to_o fly_v and_o at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o the_o usipetes_n &_o tenchtheri_n forsake_v their_o country_n and_o convey_v themselves_o and_o their_o possession_n into_o wood_n and_o solitary_a desert_n caesar_n continue_v a_o few_o day_n in_o their_o quarter_n have_v set_v on_o fire_n their_o village_n and_o house_n and_o burn_v up_o their_o corn_n and_o provision_n come_v to_o the_o ubii_n promise_v they_o aid_n against_o the_o suevi_n by_o who_o he_o understand_v that_o assoon_o as_o the_o suevi_n have_v intelligence_n that_o he_o go_v about_o to_o make_v a_o bridge_n call_v a_o council_n according_a to_o their_o manner_n they_o send_v unto_o all_o quarter_n of_o their_o state_n that_o they_o shall_v forsake_v their_o town_n and_o carry_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o all_o that_o they_o have_v into_o the_o wood_n and_o that_o all_o that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n shall_v make_v head_n in_o one_o place_n which_o they_o appoint_v to_o be_v the_o midst_n of_o their_o country_n and_o there_o they_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v resolve_v in_o that_o place_n to_o give_v they_o battle_n which_o when_o caesar_n understand_v have_v end_v all_o those_o thing_n in_o regard_n whereof_o he_o come_v into_o germany_n which_o be_v chief_o to_o terrify_v the_o german_n to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o the_o sicambri_n to_o set_v the_o ubii_n at_o liberty_n have_v spend_v in_o all_o eighteen_o day_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n and_o do_v enough_o as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o own_o honour_n as_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonweal_n he_o return_v into_o gallia_n and_o break_v up_o the_o bridge_n chap._n viii_o caesar_n think_v of_o a_o voyage_n into_o brittany_n he_o enquire_v of_o merchant_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o that_o people_n although_o the_o summer_n be_v almost_o spend_v caesar_n and_o that_o in_o those_o part_v the_o winter_n hasten_v on_o a_o pace_n inasmuch_o as_o all_o gallia_n incline_v to_o the_o north_n notwithstanding_o he_o resolve_v to_o go_v over_o into_o brittany_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o understand_v that_o in_o all_o the_o former_a war_n of_o gallia_n the_o enemy_n have_v receive_v most_o of_o their_o supply_n from_o thence_o and_o although_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o finish_v that_o war_n yet_o he_o think_v it_o will_v be_v to_o good_a purpose_n if_o he_o go_v only_o to_o view_v the_o island_n to_o understand_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o to_o know_v their_o coast_n their_o port_n and_o their_o landing-place_n whereof_o the_o gall_n be_v altogether_o ignorant_a for_o seldom_o any_o man_n but_o merchant_n do_v travel_v unto_o they_o neither_o have_v they_o discover_v any_o thing_n but_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o those_o region_n which_o be_v opposite_a unto_o gallia_n and_o therefore_o call_v merchant_n together_o from_o all_o quarter_n he_o neither_o can_v understand_v of_o what_o quantity_n the_o island_n be_v what_o nation_n or_o what_o power_n they_o be_v that_o inhabit_v â—t_a what_o use_n or_o experience_n of_o war_n they_o have_v what_o law_n or_o custom_n they_o use_v nor_o what_o haven_n they_o have_v to_o receive_v a_o navy_n of_o great_a ship_n observation_n as_o the_o german_n have_v oftentimes_o stir_v up_o motion_n of_o rebellion_n among_o the_o gall_n by_o send_v their_o superfluous_a multitude_n into_o their_o kingdom_n so_o the_o britan_n have_v uphold_v most_o of_o their_o war_n by_o furnish_v they_o with_o such_o supply_v as_o from_o time_n to_o time_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o so_o that_o if_o caesar_n or_o the_o roman_a people_n will_v rest_v secure_a of_o their_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a government_n in_o gallia_n as_o they_o have_v chastise_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o german_n and_o send_v they_o back_o again_o with_o great_a loss_n than_o gain_n so_o be_v it_o necessary_a to_o make_v the_o britan_n know_v that_o their_o assistance_n in_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n will_v draw_v more_o business_n upon_o they_o then_o they_o be_v well_o able_a to_o manage_v for_o as_o
force_n follow_v after_o to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o roman_n intend_v to_o land_n caesar_n find_v it_o exceed_v difficult_a to_o land_v his_o man_n for_o these_o respect_n the_o ship_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v bring_v near_o unto_o the_o shore_n the_o soldier_n in_o strange_a and_o unknown_a place_n have_v their_o hand_n lade_v with_o great_a and_o heavy_a weapon_n be_v at_o one_o instant_a to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o ship_n to_o withstand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o billow_n and_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n whereas_o the_o britain_n either_o stand_v upon_o the_o shore_n or_o make_v short_a sally_n into_o the_o water_n do_v bold_o cast_v their_o weapon_n in_o know_v and_o frequent_v place_n and_o manage_v their_o horse_n accustom_v to_o such_o service_n the_o roman_n be_v terrify_v with_o these_o thing_n and_o altogether_o unskilful_a of_o this_o kind_n of_o fight_n do_v not_o use_v the_o same_o courage_n as_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v in_o 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flight_n yet_o have_v some_o thirty_o horse_n which_o comius_n of_o arras_n have_v carry_v with_o he_o at_o his_o come_n into_o brittany_n he_o imbattel_v his_o legion_n before_o his_o camp_n and_o so_o give_v they_o battle_n the_o enemy_n not_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v the_o assault_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n turn_v their_o back_n and_o flee_v the_o roman_n follow_v they_o as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v by_o run_v on_o foot_n and_o after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n with_o the_o burn_a of_o their_o town_n far_o and_o near_o they_o return_v to_o their_o camp_n the_o same_o day_n the_o britan_n send_v messenger_n to_o caesar_n to_o entreat_v for_o peace_n who_o he_o command_v to_o double_v their_o number_n of_o hostage_n which_o he_o command_v to_o be_v carry_v into_o gallia_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o aequinoctium_n be_v at_o hand_n he_o think_v it_o not_o safe_a to_o put_v himself_o to_o the_o sea_n in_o winter_n with_o such_o weak_a ship_n and_o therefore_o have_v get_v a_o 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against_o the_o menapii_n after_o they_o have_v waste_v their_o field_n cut_v up_o their_o corn_n burn_v their_o house_n for_o the_o menapii_n be_v all_o hide_v in_o thick_a wood_n return_v to_o caesar_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o end_v caesar_n place_v the_o winter_v camp_n of_o all_o his_o legion_n among_o the_o belgae_n to_o which_o place_n two_o only_a of_o all_o the_o city_n in_o brittany_n send_v hostage_n unto_o he_o the_o rest_n neglect_v it_o these_o war_n be_v thus_o end_v upon_o the_o relation_n of_o caesar_n letter_n the_o senate_n decree_v a_o supplication_n for_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o day_n observation_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o commentary_n we_o read_v of_o a_o supplication_n grant_v by_o the_o senate_n for_o fifteen_o day_n which_o be_v never_o grant_v to_o any_o man_n before_o that_o time_n since_o the_o first_o building_n of_o the_o city_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o this_o four_o year_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n it_o be_v augment_v from_o fifteen_o unto_o twenty_o day_n i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o refer_v the_o handle_n thereof_o unto_o this_o place_n we_o be_v therefore_o to_o understand_v that_o whensoever_o a_o roman_a general_n have_v carry_v himself_o well_o in_o the_o war_n by_o gain_v a_o victory_n or_o enlarge_n the_o bound_n of_o their_o empire_n that_o then_o the_o senate_n do_v decree_v a_o supplication_n to_o the_o god_n in_o the_o name_n of_o that_o captain_n and_o this_o dignity_n be_v much_o seek_v after_o not_o only_o because_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a honour_n that_o in_o their_o name_n the_o temple_n of_o their_o god_n shall_v be_v open_v and_o their_o victory_n acknowledge_v with_o the_o concourse_n and_o gratulation_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n but_o also_o because_o a_o supplication_n be_v common_o the_o forerunner_n of_o a_o triumph_n which_o be_v the_o great_a honour_n in_o the_o roman_a
why_o all_o this_o be_v speak_v as_o also_o what_o have_v put_v he_o beside_o his_o former_a resolution_n yet_o rather_o than_o spend_v the_o summer_n in_o those_o part_n have_v all_o thing_n in_o readiness_n for_o his_o british_a war_n he_o command_v induciomarus_n to_o come_v to_o he_o and_o bring_v two_o hundred_o hostage_n with_o he_o induciomarus_n do_v as_o caesar_n command_v and_o withal_o bring_v along_o with_o he_o his_o son_n and_o all_o that_o have_v any_o near_a relation_n unto_o he_o who_o caesar_n bid_v be_v of_o good_a cheer_n and_o exhort_v to_o continue_v firm_a in_o his_o duty_n and_o fidelity_n after_o this_o call_n to_o he_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o treviri_n man_n by_o man_n he_o reconcile_v they_o to_o cingetorix_n as_o well_o look_v at_o the_o desert_n of_o the_o man_n himself_o as_o at_o his_o own_o interest_n and_o advantage_n to_o have_v such_o a_o man_n bear_v the_o chief_a sway_n in_o his_o city_n who_o have_v express_v so_o notable_a affection_n and_o goodwill_n towards_o he_o in_o this_o business_n it_o trouble_v induciomarus_n not_o a_o little_a to_o find_v his_o respect_n and_o authority_n thus_o impair_v insomuch_o that_o he_o who_o before_o be_v no_o friend_n to_o we_o be_v vex_v at_o this_o become_v a_o bitter_a enemy_n thing_n thus_o settle_v here_o caesar_n come_v with_o his_o legion_n back_o to_o the_o port_n call_v itius_n where_o he_o understand_v that_o forty_o ship_n which_o be_v build_v among_o the_o meldae_n be_v hinder_v by_o tempest_n that_o they_o can_v not_o keep_v their_o course_n but_o be_v force_v back_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v the_o rest_n be_v well_o provide_v and_o ready_a to_o set_v sail_n hither_o also_o be_v gather_v all_o the_o cavalry_n in_o france_n to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o thousand_o and_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o every_o city_n some_o few_o of_o which_o who_o fidelity_n caesar_n have_v have_v experience_n of_o he_o intend_v to_o leave_v at_o home_n and_o to_o take_v the_o rest_n along_o with_o he_o for_o hostage_n lest_o in_o his_o absense_n they_o shall_v begin_v any_o new_a stir_n in_o gallia_n among_o the_o rest_n be_v dumnorix_n the_o heduan_n former_o mention_v he_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n caesar_n intend_v to_o take_v with_o he_o know_v he_o to_o be_v a_o man_n desirous_a of_o change_n greedy_a of_o rule_n a_o man_n of_o courage_n and_o resolution_n and_o one_o of_o great_a authority_n among_o the_o gall_n beside_o this_o dumnorix_n have_v give_v out_o at_o a_o meeting_n of_o the_o hedui_n that_o caesar_n have_v confer_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n which_o much_o trouble_v the_o hedui_n yet_o they_o dare_v not_o send_v any_o man_n to_o caesar_n to_o hinder_v or_o revoke_v it_o this_o caesar_n come_v to_o hear_v of_o when_o he_o see_v he_o must_v go_v with_o the_o rest_n first_o he_o beseech_v with_o all_o the_o intreatye_n he_o can_v that_o he_o may_v stay_v in_o gallia_n allege_v one_o while_n that_o he_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o sea_n have_v as_o yet_o never_o be_v use_v to_o sail_v another_o while_n that_o he_o have_v some_o religious_a account_n that_o keep_v he_o here_o when_o he_o perceive_v this_o will_v not_o serve_v his_o turn_n but_o go_v he_o must_v he_o begin_v to_o deal_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o gall_n take_v they_o man_n by_o man_n &_o persuade_v they_o to_o continue_v in_o their_o own_o country_n tell_v they_o that_o it_o be_v not_o without_o ground_n caesar_n go_v about_o to_o despoil_v gallia_n thus_o of_o its_o nobility_n his_o drift_n be_v to_o carry_v they_o over_o into_o britain_n and_o there_o murder_v they_o who_o he_o be_v afraid_a to_o put_v to_o death_n among_o their_o friend_n at_o home_n he_o go_v far_o to_o engage_v they_o to_o fidelity_n and_o to_o tie_v they_o by_o oath_n to_o proceed_v upon_o joint_a consultation_n to_o the_o act_n of_o what_o shall_v be_v think_v of_o most_o concernment_n and_o behoof_n for_o the_o good_a of_o gallia_n these_o thing_n be_v by_o divers_a person_n relate_v to_o caesar_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o know_v thereof_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a respect_n he_o bear_v to_o the_o heduan_n state_n he_o resolve_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a to_o curb_v and_o deter_v dumnorix_n from_o those_o course_n &_o in_o regard_n that_o he_o see_v he_o thus_o to_o increase_v in_o his_o madness_n he_o think_v it_o seasonable_a to_o prevent_v his_o endamage_v either_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o himself_o so_o stay_v in_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v about_o twenty_o five_o day_n the_o northwest_n wind_n a_o wind_n that_o usual_o blow_v in_o those_o part_n all_o that_o while_o hinder_v his_o put_n to_o sea_n he_o make_v it_o much_o of_o his_o business_n to_o keep_v dumnorix_n quiet_a and_o yet_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o spy_v out_o the_o whole_a drift_n of_o his_o design_n at_o last_o the_o wind_n and_o weather_n serve_v he_o command_v his_o soldier_n and_o horseman_n on_o shipboard_n and_o whilst_o every_o man_n mind_n be_v take_v up_o about_o this_o dumnorix_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o heduan_n horseman_n unknown_a to_o caesar_n have_v leave_v the_o camp_n and_o be_v march_v homeward_o which_o when_o caesar_n hear_v he_o stop_v his_o voyage_n and_o let_v every_o thing_n else_o alone_o send_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o cavalry_n to_o attach_v he_o and_o bring_v he_o back_o with_o command_n that_o if_o he_o stand_v upon_o his_o defence_n and_o do_v not_o ready_o obey_v they_o shall_v dispatch_v he_o for_o he_o can_v not_o believe_v that_o this_o man_n can_v mean_v any_o good_a to_o he_o if_o he_o once_o get_v home_o since_o he_o make_v so_o light_a of_o his_o command_n when_o present_a with_o he_o the_o horse_n have_v overtake_v he_o he_o stand_v upon_o his_o guard_n and_o make_v resistance_n implore_v also_o the_o aid_n of_o those_o that_o be_v with_o he_o still_o cry_v out_o that_o he_o be_v a_o freeborn_a man_n and_o of_o a_o free_a city_n whereupon_o they_o as_o they_o be_v command_v hem_v he_o in_o and_o so_o kill_v he_o the_o heduan_n horseman_n return_v every_o man_n to_o caesar_n chap._n iii_o caesar_n sail_v into_o britain_n land_v his_o force_n and_o seek_v the_o enemy_n caesar_n have_v prepare_v all_o thing_n in_o readiness_n caesar_n he_o leave_v labienus_n in_o the_o continent_n with_o three_o legion_n and_o two_o thousand_o horse_n both_o to_o keep_v the_o haven_n and_o make_v provision_n of_o corn_n and_o also_o to_o observe_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o to_o do_v according_a as_o he_o see_v time_n and_o occasion_n and_o with_o five_o legion_n and_o the_o like_a number_n of_o horse_n as_o he_o leave_v in_o the_o continent_n about_o sunset_n he_o put_v out_o to_o sea_n with_o a_o soft_a southwind_n which_o continue_v until_o midnight_n &_o then_o cease_v he_o be_v carry_v with_o the_o tide_n until_o the_o morning_n when_o he_o perceive_v that_o the_o island_n lie_v on_o his_o left_a hand_n and_o again_o as_o the_o tide_n change_v he_o labour_v by_o row_v to_o reach_v that_o part_n of_o the_o island_n where_o he_o have_v find_v good_a land_v the_o year_n before_o wherein_o the_o soldier_n deserve_v great_a commendation_n for_o by_o strength_n and_o force_n of_o oar_n they_o make_v their_o great_a ship_n of_o burden_n to_o keep_v way_n with_o the_o galley_n about_o high_a noon_n they_o arrive_v in_o brittany_n with_o all_o their_o ship_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o enemy_n see_v in_o that_o place_n but_o as_o afterward_o caesar_n understand_v by_o the_o captive_n the_o britan_n have_v be_v there_o with_o a_o great_a power_n but_o be_v terrify_v with_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o ship_v which_o they_o discover_v from_o the_o shore_n for_o with_o the_o ship_n of_o provision_n and_o private_a vessel_n which_o several_a person_n have_v for_o their_o own_o convenience_n there_o be_v in_o all_o above_o either_o hundred_o they_o forsake_v the_o shore_n and_o hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o upland_n country_n caesar_n have_v land_v his_o man_n and_o choose_v a_o convenient_a place_n to_o incamp_v assoon_o as_o he_o understand_v by_o the_o captive_n where_o the_o enemy_n lie_v in_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o march_v towards_o they_o leave_v ten_o cohort_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n under_o quintus_fw-la atrius_n for_o a_o garrison_n to_o his_o ship_n which_o he_o the_o less_o fear_v because_o it_o lay_v at_o anchor_n in_o a_o soft_a and_o open_a shore_n he_o march_v that_o night_n about_o twelve_o mile_n before_o he_o find_v the_o enemy_n the_o britan_n send_v out_o their_o horse_n and_o chariot_n to_o a_o river_n that_o run_v between_o they_o and_o the_o roman_n and_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o upper_a ground_n begin_v to_o hinder_v
the_o roman_n and_o to_o give_v they_o battle_n but_o be_v beat_v back_o with_o our_o horseman_n they_o convey_v themselves_o into_o a_o wood_n the_o place_n be_v strong_o fortify_v both_o by_o art_n and_o nature_n and_o make_v for_o a_o defence_n as_o it_o seem_v in_o their_o civil_a war_n for_o all_o the_o entrance_n be_v shut_v up_o with_o great_a tree_n lay_v overthwart_o the_o passage_n and_o the_o britan_n show_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o wood_n but_o here_o and_o there_o not_o suffer_v the_o roman_n to_o enter_v the_o fortification_n but_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o seven_o legion_n with_o a_o testudo_fw-la which_o they_o make_v and_o a_o mount_n which_o they_o raise_v take_v the_o place_n and_o drive_v they_o all_o out_o of_o the_o wood_n without_o any_o loss_n at_o all_o save_v some_o few_o wound_n which_o they_o receive_v but_o caesar_n forbid_v his_o man_n to_o follow_v after_o they_o with_o any_o long_a pursuit_n because_o he_o be_v both_o ignorant_a of_o the_o place_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o day_n be_v spend_v he_o will_v employ_v the_o rest_n thereof_o in_o the_o fortification_n of_o his_o camp_n observation_n caesar_n have_v take_v what_o assurace_n of_o peace_n he_o can_v with_o the_o gall_n both_o by_o carry_v the_o chief_a of_o their_o prince_n with_o he_o and_o by_o leave_v three_o legion_n in_o the_o continent_n to_o keep_v the_o vulgar_a people_n in_o obedience_n he_o embark_v all_o his_o man_n at_o one_o place_n that_o they_o may_v be_v all_o partaker_n of_o the_o same_o casualty_n and_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o same_o adventure_n which_o be_v neglect_v the_o year_n before_o draw_v he_o into_o many_o inconvenience_n for_o want_n of_o horse_n which_o be_v embark_v at_o another_o haven_n meet_v with_o other_o chance_n and_o see_v other_o fortune_n and_o never_o come_v to_o he_o into_o brittany_n the_o place_n of_o land_v in_o this_o second_o voyage_n be_v the_o same_o where_o he_o land_v the_o year_n before_o and_o by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o this_o history_n may_v agree_v with_o that_o which_o tradition_n have_v deliver_v of_o deal_n in_o kent_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o caesar_n land_v in_o the_o first_o year_n we_o find_v that_o he_o never_o remove_v his_o camp_n from_o the_o sea_n shore_n where_o he_o first_o seat_v himself_o although_o his_o man_n go_v out_o to_o bring_v in_o corn_n as_o far_o as_o they_o may_v well_o return_v again_o at_o night_n but_o now_o he_o enter_v further_o into_o the_o island_n and_o within_o twelve_o mile_n march_n come_v unto_o a_o river_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o of_o canterbury_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n at_o sandwich_n in_o that_o he_o say_v that_o the_o garrison_n of_o his_o ship_n consist_v of_o ten_o cohort_n which_o i_o have_v say_v to_o be_v a_o legion_n we_o must_v understand_v that_o caesar_n leave_v not_o a_o entire_a legion_n in_o that_o garrison_n but_o he_o take_v ten_o cohort_n out_o of_o his_o whole_a force_n peradventure_o two_o out_o of_o every_o legion_n and_o appoint_v they_o to_o take_v the_o charge_n of_o his_o ship_n chap._n iu._n caesar_n return_v to_o his_o navy_n to_o take_v order_n for_o such_o loss_n as_o have_v happen_v by_o tempest_n the_o night_n before_o the_o next_o day_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n he_o divide_v his_o force_n into_o three_o company_n caesar_n &_o send_v they_o out_o to_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n but_o before_o they_o have_v march_v any_o far_a distance_n and_o come_v to_o have_v the_o rearward_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o view_n there_o come_v news_n from_o q._n atrius_n with_o who_o he_o leave_v the_o ten_o cohort_n and_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o ship_n that_o the_o night_n before_o there_o be_v such_o a_o tempest_n at_o sea_n that_o the_o whole_a navy_n be_v either_o fore_n beat_v or_o cast_v on_o shore_n and_o that_o neither_o anchor_n nor_o cable_n can_v hold_v they_o nor_o yet_o the_o sailor_n endure_v the_o force_n of_o the_o weather_n and_o that_o there_o be_v great_a loss_n in_o the_o ship_n by_o run_v against_o one_o another_o in_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o tempest_n upon_o these_o news_n caesar_n cause_v the_o legion_n to_o be_v call_v back_o again_o and_o to_o cease_v for_o that_o time_n from_o follow_v the_o enemy_n any_o further_o he_o himself_o return_v to_o the_o navy_n where_o he_o find_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o he_o have_v hear_v and_o that_o about_o forty_o ship_n be_v lose_v and_o the_o rest_n not_o to_o be_v repair_v but_o with_o great_a industry_n and_o pain_n first_o therefore_o he_o choose_v shipwrights_a and_o carpenter_n out_o of_o the_o legion_n and_o cause_v other_o to_o be_v send_v for_o out_o of_o gallia_n and_o write_v to_o labienus_n to_o make_v ready_a what_o ship_v he_o can_v and_o although_o it_o seem_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a difficulty_n and_o much_o labour_n yet_o he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o hale_v up_o all_o the_o ship_n on_o shore_n and_o to_o enclose_v they_o within_o the_o fortification_n of_o his_o camp_n in_o this_o business_n he_o spend_v ten_o day_n without_o intermission_n either_o of_o night_n or_o day_n until_o he_o have_v draw_v up_o the_o ship_n and_o strong_o fortify_v the_o camp_n leave_v the_o same_o garrison_n which_o be_v there_o before_o to_o defend_v it_o the_o observation_n wherein_o we_o may_v behold_v the_o true_a image_n of_o undaunted_a valour_n &_o the_o horrible_a industry_n as_o tully_n term_v it_o which_o he_o use_v to_o prevent_v fortune_n of_o her_o stroke_n in_o his_o business_n and_o comprehend_v casualty_n and_o future_a contingent_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o order_n and_o the_o bound_n of_o his_o own_o power_n be_v able_a in_o ten_o day_n space_n to_o set_v almost_o eight_o hundred_o ship_n from_o the_o hazard_n of_o wind_n &_o weather_n &_o to_o make_v his_o camp_n the_o road_n for_o his_o navy_n that_o so_o he_o may_v rest_v secure_a of_o a_o mean_n to_o return_v at_o his_o pleasure_n chap._n v._n the_o britan_n make_v cassivellaunus_n general_n in_o this_o war_n the_o island_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o people_n describe_v caesar_n return_v to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o he_o come_v caesar_n find_v far_o great_a force_n of_o the_o britan_n there_o assemble_v than_o he_o leave_v when_o he_o go_v to_o the_o navy_n and_o that_o by_o public_a consent_n of_o the_o britan_n the_o whole_a government_n of_o that_o war_n be_v give_v to_o cassivellaunus_n who_o kingdom_n lie_v divide_v from_o the_o maritime_a state_n with_o the_o river_n thames_n begin_v at_o the_o sea_n and_o extend_v itself_o four_o score_n mile_n into_o the_o island_n this_o cassivellaunus_n make_v continual_a war_n with_o his_o neighbour_n state_n but_o upon_o the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n they_o all_o forget_v there_o homebred_a quarrel_n and_o cast_v the_o whole_a government_n upon_o his_o shoulder_n as_o the_o fit_a to_o direct_v in_o that_o war_n the_o inner_a part_n of_o brittany_n be_v inhabit_v by_o such_o as_o memory_n record_v to_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o island_n and_o the_o maritime_a coast_n by_o such_o as_o come_v out_o of_o belgia_n either_o to_o make_v incursion_n or_o invasion_n and_o after_o the_o war_n be_v end_v they_o continue_v in_o the_o possession_n they_o have_v gain_v and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v the_o country_n be_v very_o populous_a and_o well_o inhabit_v with_o house_n much_o like_a unto_o they_o in_o gallia_n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o cattle_n and_o use_v brass_n for_o money_n or_o iron_n ring_v weigh_v at_o a_o certain_a rate_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n there_o be_v find_v great_a quantity_n of_o tyn_n and_o in_o the_o maritime_a part_n iron_z but_o they_o have_v but_o little_a of_o that_o their_o brass_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o other_o nation_n they_o have_v all_o sort_n of_o tree_n that_o they_o have_v in_o gallia_n except_v the_o fig_n and_o the_o beech._n their_o religion_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o eat_v either_o hare_n hen_n or_o goose_n notwithstanding_o they_o have_v of_o all_o sort_n as_o well_o for_o novelty_n as_o variety_n the_o country_n be_v more_o temperate_a and_o not_o so_o cold_a as_o gallia_n the_o island_n lie_v trianglewise_a whereof_o one_o side_n confront_v gallia_n of_o which_o side_n that_o angle_n wherein_o kent_n be_v the_o usual_a place_n of_o land_v from_o gallia_n point_v to_o the_o east_n and_o the_o other_o angle_n to_o the_o south_n this_o side_n contain_v about_o 500_o mile_n another_o side_n lie_v towards_o spain_n and_o the_o west_n that_o way_n where_o ireland_n lie_v be_v a_o island_n half_a as_o big_a as_o england_n and_o as_o far_o distant_a from_o it_o as_o gallia_n in_o the_o midway_n between_o england_n and_o ireland_n lie_v a_o island_n call_v
or_o overwhelm_v with_o barbarism_n from_o thence_o it_o flow_v into_o egypt_n out_o of_o egypt_n into_o greece_n out_o of_o greece_n into_o italy_n out_o of_o italy_n into_o gallia_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o england_n where_o our_o kentish_a man_n first_o entertain_v it_o as_o border_v upon_o france_n and_o frequent_v with_o merchant_n of_o those_o country_n chap._n vi_o divers_a skirmish_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o britan_n the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o their_o chariot_n give_v a_o sharp_a conflict_n to_o the_o roman_a horseman_n in_o their_o march_n caesar_n but_o so_o that_o the_o roman_n get_v the_o better_a every_o way_n drive_v they_o with_o great_a slaughter_n to_o the_o wood_n and_o hill_n and_o lose_v also_o some_o of_o their_o own_o man_n be_v too_o venturous_a in_o the_o pursuit_n the_o britan_n after_o some_o intermission_n of_o time_n when_o the_o roman_n little_o think_v of_o they_o and_o be_v busy_v in_o fortify_v their_o camp_n come_v sudden_o out_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o charge_v upon_o those_o that_o keep_v station_n before_o the_o camp_n caesar_n send_v out_o two_o the_o chief_a cohort_n of_o two_o legion_n to_o second_v their_o fellow_n these_o two_o cohort_n stand_v with_o a_o small_a alley_n between_o they_o the_o other_o that_o be_v first_o charge_v be_v terrify_v with_o that_o strange_a kind_n of_o fight_n bold_o break_v through_o the_o thick_a of_o the_o enemy_n &_o so_o retire_v in_o safety_n to_o their_o fellow_n that_o day_n quintus_fw-la laberius_n durus_fw-la a_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v slay_v the_o britan_n be_v repel_v with_o more_o cohort_n which_o caesar_n send_v to_o second_v the_o former_a and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o fight_n happen_v in_o the_o view_n of_o all_o the_o camp_n it_o be_v plain_o perceive_v that_o the_o legionary_a soldier_n be_v neither_o able_a for_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o armour_n to_o follow_v the_o enemy_n as_o he_o retire_v nor_o yet_o dare_v to_o go_v far_o from_o their_o several_a ensign_n be_v not_o a_o fit_a adversary_n to_o contest_v this_o kind_n of_o enemy_n and_o that_o the_o horseman_n likewise_o fight_v with_o no_o less_o danger_n inasmuch_o as_o the_o enemy_n will_v retire_v back_o of_o purpose_n and_o when_o they_o have_v draw_v they_o a_o little_a from_o the_o legion_n they_o will_v then_o light_v from_o their_o chariot_n and_o encounter_v they_o with_o that_o advantage_n which_o be_v between_o a_o footman_n and_o a_o horseman_n furthermore_o they_o never_o fight_v thick_a and_o close_o together_o but_o thin_a and_o at_o great_a distance_n have_v station_n of_o man_n to_o succour_v one_o another_o to_o receive_v the_o weary_a and_o to_o send_v out_o fresh_a supply_n observation_n upon_o this_o occasion_n of_o their_o heavy_a armour_n i_o will_v describe_v a_o legionary_a soldier_n in_o his_o complete_a furniture_n that_o we_o may_v better_o judge_v of_o their_o manner_n of_o warfare_n and_o understand_v wherein_o their_o great_a strength_n consist_v and_o first_o we_o be_v to_o learn_v that_o their_o legionary_a soldier_n be_v call_v milites_fw-la gravis_fw-la armaturae_fw-la soldier_n wear_v heavy_a armour_n to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o velite_n the_o archer_n slinger_n and_o other_o light-armed_n man_n their_o offensive_a arm_n be_v a_o couple_n of_o pile_n or_o as_o some_o will_v but_o one_o pile_n and_o a_o spanish_a sword_n short_a and_o strong_a to_o strike_v rather_o with_o the_o point_n then_o with_o the_o edge_n their_o defensive_a arm_n be_v a_o helmet_n a_o corslet_n and_o boot_n of_o brass_n with_o a_o large_a target_n which_o in_o some_o sort_n be_v offensive_a in_o regard_n of_o that_o umbo_n which_o stick_v out_o in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o the_o pile_n be_v describe_v at_o large_a in_o the_o first_o book_n and_o the_o target_n in_o the_o second_o the_o sword_n as_o polybius_n witness_v be_v short_a two-edged_a very_o sharp_a and_o of_o a_o strong_a point_n and_o therefore_o livy_n in_o his_o 22._o book_n say_v that_o the_o gall_n use_v very_o long_a sword_n without_o point_n but_o the_o roman_n have_v short_a sword_n ready_a for_o use_v these_o they_o call_v spanish_a sword_n because_o they_o borrow_v that_o fashion_n from_o the_o spaniard_n the_o old_a roman_n be_v so_o gird_v with_o their_o sword_n as_o appear_z by_o polybius_n and_o their_o monument_n in_o marble_n that_o from_o their_o left_a shoulder_n it_o hang_v upon_o their_o right_a thigh_n contrary_a to_o the_o use_n of_o these_o time_n which_o as_o i_o have_v note_v before_o be_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o target_n which_o they_o carry_v on_o their_o left_a arm_n this_o sword_n be_v hang_v with_o a_o belt_n of_o leather_n beset_v with_o stud_n as_o varro_n note_v â—_o and_o these_o be_v their_o offensive_a weapon_n their_o helmet_n be_v of_o brass_n 10_o adorn_v with_o three_o ostrich_n feather_n of_o a_o cubit_n in_o length_n by_o which_o the_o soldier_n appear_v of_o a_o large_a stature_n and_o more_o terrible_a to_o the_o enemy_n as_o polybius_n say_v in_o his_o six_o book_n their_o breastplate_n be_v either_o of_o brass_n or_o iron_n joint_v together_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o scale_n or_o plait_v with_o little_a ring_n of_o iron_n their_o boot_n be_v make_v of_o bar_n of_o brass_n from_o the_o foot_n up_o to_o the_o knee_n and_o thus_o be_v the_o legionary_a soldier_n arm_v to_o stand_v firm_a rather_o than_o to_o use_v any_o nimble_a motion_n and_o to_o combine_v themselves_o into_o a_o body_n of_o that_o strength_n which_o may_v not_o easy_o recoil_v at_o the_o opposition_n of_o any_o confrontment_n for_o agility_n stand_v indifferent_a to_o help_v either_o a_o retreat_n or_o a_o pursuit_n and_o nimble-footed_a soldier_n be_v as_o ready_a to_o fly_v back_o as_o to_o march_v forward_o but_o a_o weighty_a body_n keep_v a_o more_o regular_a motion_n and_o be_v not_o hinder_v with_o a_o common_a counterbuff_n so_o that_o whensoever_o they_o come_v to_o firm_a buckle_v and_o feel_v the_o enemy_n stand_v stiff_a before_o they_o such_o be_v their_o practice_n and_o exercise_v in_o continual_a work_n that_o they_o never_o faint_v under_o any_o such_o task_n but_o the_o victory_n go_v always_o clear_a on_o their_o side_n but_o if_o the_o enemy_n give_v way_n to_o their_o violence_n and_o come_v not_o in_o but_o for_o advantage_n and_o then_o as_o speedy_o retire_v before_o the_o counterbuff_n be_v well_o discharge_v then_o do_v their_o nimbleness_n much_o help_v their_o weakness_n and_o frustrate_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o roman_a discipline_n this_o be_v also_o prove_v in_o the_o overthrow_n of_o sabinus_n and_o cotta_n where_o ambiorix_n find_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o buckle_v at_o handy-blowe_n command_v his_o man_n to_o fight_v a_o far_o off_o and_o if_o they_o be_v assault_v to_o give_v back_o and_o come_v on_o again_o as_o they_o see_v occasion_n which_o so_o weary_v out_o the_o roman_n that_o they_o all_o fall_v under_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o gall_n let_v this_o suffice_v therefore_o to_o show_v how_o unapt_a the_o roman_n be_v to_o fly_v upon_o any_o occasion_n when_o their_o armour_n be_v such_o that_o it_o keep_v they_o from_o all_o start_a motion_n and_o make_v they_o suitable_a to_o the_o stay_a and_o well_o assure_v rule_n of_o their_o discipline_n which_o be_v as_o certain_a principle_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o a_o stand_a battle_n and_o therefore_o not_o so_o fit_a either_o for_o a_o pursuit_n or_o a_o flight_n concern_v the_o unequal_a combat_n between_o a_o horseman_n and_o a_o footman_n it_o may_v be_v think_v strange_a that_o a_o footman_n shall_v have_v such_o a_o advantage_n against_o a_o horseman_n be_v overmatch_v at_o least_o with_o a_o sextuple_a proportion_n both_o of_o strength_n and_o agility_n but_o we_o must_v understand_v that_o as_o the_o horse_n be_v much_o swift_a in_o a_o long_a career_n so_o in_o speedy_a and_o nimble_a turn_n at_o hand_n wherein_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o combat_n consist_v the_o footman_n far_o exceed_v the_o horseman_n in_o advantage_n have_v a_o large_a mark_n to_o hit_v by_o the_o horse_n than_o the_o other_o have_v beside_o the_o horseman_n engage_v both_o his_o valour_n and_o his_o fortune_n in_o the_o good_a speed_n of_o his_o horse_n his_o wound_n and_o his_o death_n do_v consequent_o pull_v the_o rider_n after_o his_o fear_n or_o fury_n make_v his_o master_n either_o desperate_a or_o slow_a of_o performance_n and_o what_o defect_n soever_o arise_v from_o the_o horse_n must_v be_v answer_v out_o of_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o rider_n and_o sure_o it_o seem_v reasonable_a that_o what_o thing_n soever_o draw_v we_o into_o the_o society_n of_o so_o great_a a_o hazard_n shall_v as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a be_v contain_v in_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o own_o power_n the_o sword_n which_o we_o manage_v with_o our_o own_o hand_n afford_v
great_a assurance_n than_o the_o harquebuse_n wherein_o there_o be_v many_o part_n belong_v to_o the_o action_n as_o the_o powder_n the_o stone_n the_o spring_n and_o such_o like_a whereof_o if_o the_o least_o fail_v of_o his_o part_n we_o likewise_o fail_v of_o our_o fortune_n but_o how_o probable_a soever_o this_o seem_v this_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o the_o course_n of_o the_o roman_a war_n the_o horse_n be_v ever_o defeat_v by_o the_o foot_n as_o be_v manifest_o prove_v in_o the_o first_o of_o these_o book_n chap._n vii_o caesar_n give_v the_o britan_n two_o several_a overthrow_n the_o next_o day_n the_o enemy_n make_v a_o stand_n upon_o the_o hill_n a_o far_o off_o from_o the_o camp_n caesar_n and_o show_v themselves_o not_o so_o often_o neither_o be_v they_o so_o busy_a with_o our_o horseman_n as_o they_o be_v the_o day_n before_o but_o about_o noon_n when_o caesar_n have_v send_v out_o three_o legion_n and_o all_o his_o cavalry_n to_o get_v forage_n under_o the_o conduction_n of_o caius_n trebonius_n a_o legate_n they_o make_v a_o sudden_a assault_n upon_o the_o forager_n and_o fall_v in_o close_a with_o the_o ensign_n &_o the_o legion_n the_o roman_n charge_v very_o fierce_o upon_o they_o and_o beat_v they_o back_o neither_o do_v they_o make_v a_o end_n of_o follow_v they_o until_o the_o horseman_n trust_v to_o they_o put_v they_o all_o to_o flight_n with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o neither_o do_v they_o give_v they_o respite_n either_o to_o make_v head_n to_o make_v a_o stand_n or_o to_o forsake_v their_o chariot_n after_o this_o overthrow_n all_o their_o auxiliary_a force_n depart_v from_o they_o neither_o do_v they_o afterward_o contend_v with_o the_o roman_n with_o any_o great_a power_n caesar_n understand_v their_o determination_n carry_v his_o army_n to_o the_o river_n thames_n and_o so_o to_o the_o confine_n of_o cassivellaunus_n which_o river_n be_v passable_a by_o foot_n but_o in_o one_o place_n only_o and_o that_o very_a hardly_o at_o his_o come_n he_o find_v a_o great_a power_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o be_v imbattel_v on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o the_o bank_n fortify_v with_o many_o sharp_a stake_n and_o many_o other_o also_o be_v plant_v covert_o under_o the_o water_n these_o thing_n be_v discover_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o captive_n and_o fugitive_n caesar_n put_v his_o horse_n before_o cause_v the_o legion_n to_o follow_v sudden_o after_o who_o notwithstanding_o they_o have_v but_o their_o head_n clear_a above_o the_o water_n go_v with_o that_o violence_n that_o the_o enemy_n be_v not_o able_a to_o endure_v the_o charge_n but_o leave_v the_o bank_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n observation_n this_o attempt_n of_o caesar_n seem_v so_o strange_a to_o brancatio_n that_o he_o run_v into_o strange_a conclusion_n concern_v this_o matter_n as_o first_o that_o he_o that_o imitate_v caesar_n may_v doubt_v of_o his_o good_a fortune_n for_o his_o proceed_n in_o this_o point_n be_v not_o direct_v by_o any_o order_n of_o war_n and_o that_o a_o great_a commander_n have_v nothing_o common_a with_o other_o leader_n but_o especial_o he_o cry_v out_o at_o the_o baseness_n of_o the_o britan_n that_o will_v suffer_v themselves_o so_o cowardly_a to_o be_v beat_v but_o if_o we_o look_v into_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o action_n we_o shall_v find_v both_o art_n and_o good_a direction_n therein_o for_o be_v assure_v by_o the_o fugitive_n that_o the_o river_n be_v passable_a in_o that_o place_n and_o in_o that_o place_n only_o he_o know_v that_o he_o must_v either_o adventure_v over_o there_o or_o leave_n cassivellaunus_n for_o another_o summer_n which_o be_v a_o very_a strong_a inducement_n to_o urge_v he_o to_o that_o enterprise_n the_o difficulty_n whereof_o be_v much_o relieve_v by_o good_a direction_n which_o consist_v of_o two_o point_n first_o by_o send_v over_o the_o horseman_n in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o legion_n who_o may_v better_o endure_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n than_o the_o footman_n can_v that_o be_v up_o to_o the_o neck_n in_o water_n and_o withal_o to_o shelter_v the_o footman_n from_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o enemy_n second_o he_o send_v they_o over_o with_o such_o speed_n that_o they_o be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o water_n before_o the_o enemy_n can_v tell_v what_o they_o attempt_v for_o if_o he_o have_v linger_v in_o the_o service_n and_o give_v the_o enemy_n leave_v to_o find_v the_o advantage_n which_o he_o have_v by_o experience_n his_o man_n have_v never_o be_v able_a to_o have_v endure_v the_o hazard_n of_o so_o dangerous_a a_o service_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o conjecture_v at_o the_o place_n where_o this_o service_n be_v perform_v for_o since_o the_o build_n of_o london_n bridge_n many_o ford_n have_v be_v scour_v with_o the_o current_n and_o fall_n of_o the_o water_n which_o before_o that_o time_n carry_v not_o such_o a_o depth_n as_o now_o they_o do_v chap._n viii_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o british_a war_n caesar_n return_v into_o gallia_n cassivellaunus_n have_v no_o courage_n to_o contend_v any_o long_o caesar_n dismiss_v his_o great_a force_n and_o retain_v only_o four_o thousand_o chariot_n observe_v our_o journey_n keep_v the_o wood-country_n and_o drive_v man_n and_o cattle_n out_o of_o the_o field_n into_o the_o wood_n where_o he_o know_v the_o roman_n will_v come_v and_o as_o their_o horse_n stray_v out_o either_o for_o forage_v or_o booty_n he_o send_v his_o chariot_n out_o of_o the_o wood_n by_o unknown_a way_n and_o put_v their_o horseman_n to_o great_a peril_n in_o regard_n whereof_o the_o horseman_n dare_v never_o adventure_v further_o than_o the_o legion_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o more_o spoil_v do_v in_o the_o country_n then_o that_o which_o the_o legionary_a soldier_n do_v of_o themselves_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o trinobantes_n be_v almost_o the_o great_a state_n of_o all_o those_o country_n from_o who_o mandubratius_n have_v flee_v to_o caesar_n into_o gallia_n for_o that_o his_o father_n imanuentius_n hold_v the_o kingdom_n be_v slay_v by_o cassivellaunus_n send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o offer_v their_o submission_n and_o to_o entreat_v that_o mandubratius_n may_v be_v defend_v from_o the_o oppression_n of_o cassivellaunus_n &_o send_v unto_o they_o to_o take_v the_o kingdom_n caesar_n have_v receive_v from_o they_o forty_o pledge_n &_o corn_n for_o his_o army_n send_v mandubratius_n unto_o they_o the_o trinobantes_n be_v thus_o keep_v from_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o soldier_n the_o cenimagni_n seguntiaci_n ancalites_n bibroci_n and_o cassi_n yield_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n by_o these_o he_o understand_v that_o cassivellaunus_n his_o town_n be_v not_o far_o off_o fortify_v with_o wood_n &_o bog_n &_o well_o store_v with_o man_n &_o cattle_n the_o britan_n call_n a_o town_n a_o thick_a wood_n enclose_v about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n make_v for_o a_o place_n of_o retreat_n when_o they_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o incursion_n from_o the_o borderer_n thither_o march_v caesar_n with_o his_o army_n &_o find_v it_o well_o fortify_v both_o by_o art_n and_o nature_n &_o as_o he_o assault_v it_o in_o two_o several_a place_n the_o enemy_n unable_a to_o keep_v it_o cast_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o town_n by_o a_o back_n way_n and_o so_o he_o take_v it_o where_o he_o find_v great_a store_n of_o cattle_n and_o slay_v many_o of_o the_o britan_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v cassivellaunus_n send_v messenger_n into_o kent_n which_o as_o be_v say_v lie_n upon_o the_o sea_n and_o wherein_o there_o be_v four_o several_a king_n cingetorix_n carvilius_n taximagulus_n and_o segonax_n they_o he_o command_v with_o all_o the_o power_n they_o can_v make_v to_o set_v upon_o the_o camp_n where_o the_o navy_n be_v keep_v the_o king_n come_v to_o the_o place_n be_v overthrow_v by_o a_o sally_n which_o the_o roman_n make_v out_o upon_o they_o many_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v and_o lugotorix_n a_o great_a commander_n take_v prisoner_n this_o battle_n concur_v with_o the_o former_a loss_n and_o especial_o move_v thereunto_o with_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o forename_a city_n cassivellaunus_n entreat_v peace_n of_o caesar_n by_o comius_n of_o arras_n caesar_n be_v determine_v to_o winter_n in_o the_o continent_n for_o fear_v of_o sudden_a commotion_n in_o gallia_n and_o consider_v that_o the_o summer_n be_v now_o far_o spend_v and_o may_v easy_o be_v linger_v out_o he_o command_v pledge_n to_o be_v bring_v unto_o he_o and_o set_v down_o what_o yearly_a tribute_n the_o britan_n shall_v pay_v to_o the_o roman_n give_v withal_o a_o strict_a charge_n to_o cassivellaunus_n to_o do_v no_o injury_n either_o to_o mandubratius_n or_o the_o tribonantes_fw-la the_o hostage_n be_v take_v he_o carry_v back_o his_o army_n to_o the_o sea_n where_o he_o find_v his_o ship_n repair_v which_o
do_v nothing_o of_o himself_o but_o by_o the_o impulsion_n of_o the_o state_n among_o who_o such_o be_v his_o condition_n that_o the_o people_n have_v as_o great_a authority_n over_o he_o as_o he_o himself_o have_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v likewise_o enforce_v to_o this_o war_n because_o they_o can_v not_o withstand_v the_o sudden_a insurrection_n of_o the_o gall_n whereof_o his_o small_a mean_n may_v be_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n for_o his_o experience_n be_v not_o so_o little_a to_o think_v himself_o able_a with_o so_o small_a a_o power_n to_o overthrow_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n but_o it_o be_v a_o general_a appointment_n throughout_o all_o gallia_n upon_o this_o day_n to_o assault_v all_o caesar_n garrison_n to_o the_o end_n that_o one_o legion_n may_v not_o give_v relief_n unto_o another_o gall_n can_v not_o easy_o deny_v the_o request_n of_o gall_n especial_o when_o it_o concern_v their_o public_a liberty_n now_o have_v satisfy_v that_o duty_n which_o he_o owe_v to_o his_o country_n he_o have_v respect_n to_o caesar_n &_o his_o benefit_n in_o regard_n whereof_o he_o admonish_v they_o and_o pray_v titurius_n for_o the_o hospitality_n that_o have_v be_v between_o they_o that_o he_o will_v look_v to_o the_o safety_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o soldier_n there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o german_n that_o have_v already_o pass_v the_o rhine_n and_o will_v be_v here_o within_o two_o day_n and_o therefore_o let_v they_o aduâ—se_n themselves_o whether_o they_o think_v it_o good_a before_o the_o next_o borderer_n perceive_v it_o to_o depart_v with_o their_o soldier_n out_o of_o their_o wintering-place_n either_o to_o cicero_n or_o labienus_n of_o who_o the_o one_o be_v not_o pass_v fifty_o mile_n off_o and_o the_o other_o a_o little_a further_o for_o his_o own_o part_n he_o promise_v they_o thus_o much_o and_o confirm_v it_o by_o oath_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v saâ—e_v passage_n through_o his_o territory_n for_o so_o he_o shall_v both_o do_v a_o pleasure_n to_o his_o country_n in_o disburthen_v it_o of_o garrison_n and_o show_v himself_o thankful_a to_o caesar_n for_o his_o benefit_n this_o speech_n be_v end_v ambiorix_n depart_v and_o carpineius_fw-la and_o junius_n make_v report_v thereof_o to_o the_o legate_n observation_n leander_n his_o counsel_n to_o use_v the_o fox_n skin_n where_o the_o lion_n fail_v do_v show_v that_o the_o discourse_n of_o our_o reason_n be_v soon_o corrupt_v with_o error_n than_o the_o power_n of_o our_o body_n be_v overcome_v with_o force_n for_o oftentimes_o the_o mind_n be_v so_o disquiet_v with_o the_o extremity_n of_o perturbation_n that_o neither_o the_o apprehension_n can_v take_v sound_a instruction_n nor_o the_o judgement_n determine_v of_o that_o which_o be_v most_o for_o our_o good_a but_o according_a as_o any_o passion_n shall_v happen_v to_o reign_v in_o our_o disposition_n so_o be_v we_o carry_v headlong_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o our_o fortune_n without_o sense_n of_o error_n or_o mistrust_v of_o well-succeeding_a whereas_o the_o body_n continue_v firm_a in_o his_o own_o strength_n and_o be_v subject_a only_a to_o a_o great_a weight_n of_o power_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v subdue_v and_o overthrow_v it_o behove_v we_o therefore_o to_o take_v good_a heed_n that_o our_o sure_a hold_n be_v not_o unfastn_v by_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o fox_n when_o it_o have_v continue_v firm_a against_o the_o force_n of_o the_o lion_n and_o that_o the_o treachery_n of_o the_o spirit_n do_v not_o disadvantage_n those_o mean_n which_o either_o our_o own_o power_n or_o opportunity_n have_v gain_v in_o our_o action_n wherein_o a_o commander_n can_v have_v a_o better_a rule_n for_o his_o direction_n then_o to_o beware_v that_o violence_n of_o passion_n do_v not_o hinder_v the_o course_n of_o sound_a deliberation_n and_o withal_o to_o be_v jealous_a of_o whatsoever_o a_o enemy_n shall_v either_o by_o speech_n or_o action_n seem_v to_o thrust_v upon_o he_o how_o colourable_a soever_o the_o reason_n may_v be_v which_o be_v allege_v to_o induce_v he_o thereunto_o for_o first_o if_o the_o mind_n be_v not_o confâ—â—med_v by_o the_o virtue_n of_o her_o better_a faculty_n to_o resist_v the_o motion_n of_o fruitless_a apprehension_n it_o may_v easy_o be_v seduce_v either_o by_o fear_n or_o vain_a imagination_n diffident_a conception_n or_o over-easie_a credulity_n with_o many_o other_o such_o disturb_a power_n from_o that_o way_n which_o a_o good_a discretion_n and_o a_o understanding_n free_a from_o passion_n will_v have_v take_v first_o therefore_o i_o hold_v it_o necessary_a to_o have_v the_o consistory_n of_o our_o judgement_n well_o settle_v with_o a_o firm_a resolution_n and_o with_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o mind_n before_o we_o enter_v into_o deliberation_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v make_v happy_a unto_o we_o by_o good_a direction_n and_o then_o this_o among_o other_o circumstance_n will_v give_v some_o help_n to_o a_o good_a conclusion_n when_o we_o consider_v how_o improbable_a it_o be_v that_o a_o enemy_n who_o chief_a care_n be_v to_o weaken_v his_o adversary_n and_o bring_v he_o to_o ruin_v shall_v advise_v he_o of_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v concern_v his_o good_a unless_o the_o profit_n which_o he_o himself_o shall_v thereby_o gather_v do_v far_o exceed_v that_o which_o the_o contrary_a part_n may_v expect_v i_o grant_v that_o in_o civil_a waâ—s_n where_o there_o be_v many_o friend_n on_o either_o party_n and_o have_v the_o adverse_a cause_n as_o dear_a unto_o they_o as_o their_o own_o there_o be_v oftentimes_o many_o advertisement_n give_v which_o proceed_v from_o a_o true_a and_o sincere_a affection_n and_o may_v advantage_v the_o party_n who_o it_o concern_v as_o well_o in_o prevent_v any_o danger_n as_o in_o the_o furtherance_n of_o their_o cause_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o altogether_o to_o be_v neglect_v but_o to_o be_v weigh_v by_o circumstance_n and_o according_o to_o be_v respect_v whereof_o we_o have_v many_o pregnant_a example_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o france_n &_o particular_o in_o monsieur_n lâ—_n noâ—_n his_o discourse_n but_o where_o there_o be_v two_o army_n different_a in_o nation_n language_n and_o humour_n contend_v for_o that_o which_o peculiar_o belong_v unto_o one_o of_o they_o where_o care_n to_o keep_v that_o which_o be_v dear_a unto_o they_o possess_v the_o one_o and_o hope_v of_o gain_n stir_v up_o the_o other_o there_o be_v common_o such_o a_o universal_a hatred_n between_o they_o that_o they_o be_v to_o look_v for_o small_a advantage_n by_o advertisement_n from_o the_o enemy_n which_o if_o the_o roman_n have_v well_o consider_v this_o subtle_a gall_n have_v not_o dispossess_v they_o of_o their_o strength_n nor_o bring_v they_o to_o ruin_v chap._n xi_o the_o roman_n call_v a_o council_n upon_o this_o advertisement_n and_o resolve_v to_o depart_v and_o join_v themselves_o to_o some_o other_o of_o the_o legion_n the_o roman_n be_v trouble_v at_o the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o matter_n caesar_n albeit_o the_o thing_n be_v speak_v by_o a_o enemy_n yet_o they_o think_v they_o no_o way_n to_o be_v neglect_v but_o especial_o it_o move_v they_o for_o that_o it_o be_v incredible_a that_o the_o eburones_n be_v base_a and_o of_o no_o reputation_n dare_v of_o themselves_o make_v war_n against_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o therefore_o they_o propound_v the_o matter_n in_o a_o council_n wherein_o there_o grow_v a_o great_a controversy_n among_o they_o l._n aurunculeius_n and_o most_o of_o the_o tribune_n and_o centurion_n of_o the_o first_o order_n think_v it_o not_o good_a to_o conclude_v of_o any_o thing_n rash_o nor_o to_o depart_v out_o of_o their_o wintering-camp_n without_o express_a commandment_n from_o caesar_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v never_o so_o great_a a_o power_n yea_o even_o of_o the_o german_n have_v their_o garririson_n well_o fortify_v a_o argument_n whereof_o be_v that_o they_o have_v valiant_o withstand_v the_o first_o assault_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o give_v they_o many_o wound_n neither_o want_v they_o any_o victual_n and_o before_o that_o provision_n which_o they_o have_v be_v spend_v there_o will_v come_v succour_n from_o other_o garrison_n and_o from_o caesar_n and_o to_o conclude_v what_o be_v more_o dishonourable_a or_o â—avoured_a of_o great_a inconstancy_n then_o to_o consult_v of_o their_o weighty_a affair_n by_o the_o advertisement_n of_o a_o enemy_n titurius_n urge_v vehement_o to_o the_o contrary_a that_o it_o then_o will_v be_v too_o late_o for_o they_o to_o seek_v a_o remedy_n when_o a_o great_a power_n of_o the_o enemy_n accompany_v with_o the_o german_n be_v assemble_v against_o they_o or_o when_o any_o blow_n be_v give_v to_o any_o of_o the_o next_o wintering-camp_n he_o take_v caesar_n to_o be_v go_v into_o italy_n for_o otherwise_o the_o carnutes_n will_v not_o have_v adventure_v to_o kill_v tasgetius_n neither_o dare_v the_o eburones_n have_v
come_v so_o proud_o to_o the_o camp_n let_v they_o not_o respect_v the_o author_n but_o the_o thing_n itself_o the_o rhine_n be_v not_o far_o off_o and_o he_o know_v well_o that_o the_o overthrow_n of_o ariovistus_n and_o their_o former_a victory_n be_v grievous_a to_o the_o german_n the_o gall_n be_v vex_v with_o the_o contumely_n they_o have_v receive_v be_v bring_v in_o subâ—ection_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o have_v lose_v their_o former_a reputation_n in_o deed_n of_o arms._n and_o to_o conclude_v who_o will_v imagine_v that_o ambiorix_n shall_v enterprise_v such_o a_o matter_n without_o any_o ground_n or_o certainty_n thereof_o but_o howsoever_o thing_n stand_v his_o counsel_n be_v sure_a and_o can_v bring_v no_o harm_n for_o if_o there_o be_v no_o worse_a thing_n intend_v they_o shall_v but_o go_v safe_o to_o the_o next_o garrison_n or_o otherwise_o if_o the_o gall_n conspire_v with_o the_o german_n their_o only_a safety_n consist_v in_o celerity_n as_o for_o the_o counsel_n of_o cotta_n and_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n what_o expectation_n can_v be_v have_v thereof_o wherein_o if_o here_o be_v not_o present_a danger_n yet_o assure_o famine_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v by_o long_a siege_n the_o disputation_n be_v thus_o continue_v on_o either_o part_n and_o cotta_n with_o the_o centurion_n of_o the_o first_o order_n earnest_o repugn_v it_o do_v as_o please_v you_o since_o you_o will_v needs_o have_v it_o so_o say_v sabinus_n and_o that_o he_o speak_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n may_v well_o hear_v he_o for_o i_o be_o not_o he_o that_o most_o fear_v death_n among_o you_o let_v these_o be_v wise_a and_o if_o any_o mischance_n happen_v unto_o they_o they_o shall_v ask_v account_n thereof_o at_o thy_o hand_n inasmuch_o as_o if_o thou_o will_v let_v they_o they_o may_v join_v themselves_o within_o two_o day_n to_o the_o next_o garrison_n and_o with_o they_o sustain_v what_o chance_n soever_o their_o common_a destiny_n shall_v allot_v they_o and_o not_o perish_v with_o famine_n and_o sword_n like_o a_o people_n cast_v off_o and_o abandon_v from_o their_o fellow_n after_o these_o word_n they_o begin_v to_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o council_n but_o hold_v be_v lay_v upon_o they_o both_o entreaty_n be_v make_v that_o they_o will_v not_o by_o their_o disâ—ension_n and_o obstinacy_n bring_v all_o unto_o a_o desperate_a hazard_n the_o matter_n be_v all_o one_o whether_o they_o go_v or_o stay_v so_o that_o they_o all_o agree_v upon_o one_o thing_n whereas_o in_o disagree_v there_o be_v no_o liklihood_n of_o well_o do_v the_o disputation_n be_v prolong_v until_o midnight_n at_o length_n cotta_n yield_v and_o the_o sentence_n of_o sabinus_n take_v place_n and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v proclaim_v that_o they_o shall_v set_v forth_o by_o the_o break_n of_o day_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o night_n be_v spend_v in_o watch_v every_o soldier_n seek_v out_o what_o he_o have_v to_o carry_v with_o he_o and_o what_o he_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o leave_v behind_o he_o of_o such_o necessary_n as_o he_o have_v prepare_v for_o winter_n all_o thing_n be_v dispose_v in_o such_o sort_n to_o make_v the_o soldier_n believe_v that_o they_o can_v not_o stay_v without_o danger_n and_o that_o the_o danger_n may_v be_v augment_v by_o weary_v the_o soldier_n with_o watch_v observation_n by_o the_o resolution_n in_o this_o disputation_n it_o appear_v how_o little_a a_o grave_n and_o wise_a deliberation_n avail_v when_o it_o be_v impugn_a with_o the_o violence_n of_o passion_n according_a to_o the_o truth_n of_o my_o former_a observation_n for_o the_o matter_n be_v well_o reason_v by_o cotta_n and_o his_o position_n be_v ground_v upon_o thing_n certain_a and_o well_o know_v to_o the_o whole_a council_n and_o yet_o the_o fear_n of_o sabinus_n be_v such_o that_o it_o carry_v the_o conclusion_n by_o such_o suppose_a assertion_n as_o the_o quality_n of_o his_o passion_n have_v ratify_v for_o true_a principle_n be_v ground_v altogether_o upon_o that_o which_o the_o enemy_n have_v suggest_v and_o not_o upon_o any_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o the_o truth_n neither_o be_v it_o often_o see_v when_o a_o council_n dispute_v upon_o matter_n of_o such_o consequence_n that_o their_o deliberation_n be_v altogether_o clear_a from_o such_o troublesome_a motion_n but_o that_o it_o will_v somewhat_o incline_v to_o the_o partiality_n of_o a_o strong_a affection_n so_o powerful_a be_v passion_n in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o so_o interest_v in_o the_o other_o faculty_n and_o this_o be_v one_o cause_n of_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o man_n judgement_n from_o whence_o all_o contrary_a &_o different_a opinion_n do_v arise_v neither_o be_v this_o so_o strange_a a_o matter_n that_o a_o council_n of_o war_n shall_v so_o much_o vary_v in_o case_n of_o deliberation_n when_o as_o many_o especial_a point_n of_o military_a discipline_n remain_v yet_o undecided_a have_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o great_a commander_n of_o all_o age_n to_o ratify_v the_o truth_n on_o either_o part_n whereof_o i_o can_v allege_v many_o example_n but_o concern_v the_o issue_n and_o event_n of_o our_o deliberation_n what_o can_v be_v more_o true_o say_v then_o that_o of_o the_o poet_n et_fw-fr male_a consultis_fw-la pretium_fw-la est_fw-la prudentia_fw-la fallax_fw-la nec_fw-la fortuna_fw-la probat_fw-la causas_fw-la sequiturque_fw-la merentes_fw-la sed_fw-la vaga_fw-la per_fw-la cunctos_fw-la nullo_n discrimine_fw-la fertur_fw-la scilieeâ—â—st_fw-la aliud_fw-la quod_fw-la nos_fw-la cogatque_fw-la regatque_fw-la majus_n et_fw-la in_o proprias_fw-la ducat_n mortalia_fw-la leges_fw-la notwithstanding_o forasmuch_o as_o our_o wisdom_n be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o fortune_n but_o that_o it_o may_v comprehend_v within_o itself_o the_o good_a direction_n of_o most_o of_o the_o occurrence_n which_o fall_v within_o the_o course_n of_o our_o business_n or_o if_o we_o must_v needs_o miscarry_v yet_o it_o somewhat_o help_v our_o ill_a fortune_n to_o think_v that_o we_o go_v upon_o best_a probability_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o set_v down_o some_o rule_n for_o the_o better_a direct_v of_o a_o mature_a consultation_n wherein_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o as_o all_o our_o knowledge_n arise_v from_o some_o of_o our_o sense_n and_o our_o sense_n comprehend_v only_a particularity_n which_o be_v carry_v unto_o the_o apprehension_n be_v dispose_v into_o form_n and_o degree_n according_a as_o they_o either_o concur_v or_o disagree_v in_o their_o several_a property_n from_o whence_o there_o arise_v intellectual_a notion_n and_o rule_n of_o art_n wherein_o the_o science_n of_o the_o say_a particular_n consist_v so_o he_o that_o intend_v to_o debate_v a_o matter_n with_o sound_a deliberation_n must_v descend_v from_o confuse_a conception_n and_o a_o knowledge_n in_o general_a to_o the_o exact_a distinction_n of_o particular_a part_n which_o be_v the_o occurrence_n to_o be_v direct_v and_o the_o material_a substance_n of_o every_o action_n he_o therefore_o that_o can_v give_v best_a direction_n either_o by_o experience_n or_o judicious_a discourse_n concern_v such_o particularity_n as_o be_v incident_a to_o the_o matter_n propound_v can_v best_o advise_v which_o be_v the_o safe_a way_n to_o avoid_v the_o opposition_n of_o contradict_a nature_n but_o to_o make_v this_o somewhat_o plain_o i_o will_v allege_v two_o example_n the_o one_o modern_a in_o case_n of_o consultation_n the_o other_o ancient_a and_o may_v seem_v not_o so_o pertinent_a to_o this_o matter_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v a_o mere_a apology_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o free_o censure_v the_o quality_n of_o particular_a circumstance_n it_o may_v give_v great_a light_n to_o that_o which_o we_o seek_v after_o the_o modern_a example_n be_v take_v out_o of_o guicerardin_n 9_o from_o the_o war_n which_o lewis_n the_o french_a king_n have_v with_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o venetian_n concern_v the_o state_n of_o ferrara_n and_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n wherein_o there_o arise_v a_o controversy_n among_o the_o french_a captain_n whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o go_v direct_o to_o seek_v the_o enemy_n who_o albeit_o they_o be_v lodge_v in_o a_o strong_a and_o secure_a place_n yet_o there_o be_v hope_n that_o with_o the_o virtue_n of_o arm_n and_o importunity_n of_o artillery_n they_o may_v be_v dislodge_v and_o drive_v to_o retreat_n or_o otherwise_o to_o take_v the_o way_n either_o of_o modena_n or_o bolognia_n that_o so_o the_o enemy_n for_o fear_n of_o lose_v either_o of_o those_o town_n may_v quit_v their_o hold_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v ferrara_n shall_v be_v free_v from_o the_o war_n mounseur_fw-fr chaumont_n the_o general_n of_o the_o french_a incline_v to_o the_o former_a advice_n but_o trivulce_fw-la a_o man_n of_o great_a authority_n and_o experience_n have_v be_v a_o executioner_n in_o 18._o battle_n reason_v thus_o in_o particular_n to_o the_o contrary_n we_o debate_v say_v he_o to_o
go_v seek_v the_o enemy_n to_o fight_v with_o he_o and_o i_o have_v always_o hear_v great_a captain_n hold_v this_o as_o a_o firm_a principle_n not_o to_o attempt_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n unless_o there_o be_v either_o a_o offer_n of_o a_o especial_a advantage_n or_o otherwise_o compulsion_n by_o necessity_n the_o rule_n of_o war_n give_v it_o to_o the_o enemy_n that_o be_v the_o invader_n and_o have_v undertake_v the_o conquest_n of_o ferrara_n to_o seek_v to_o assail_v and_o charge_v we_o but_o to_o we_o to_o who_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v ourselves_o it_o can_v be_v but_o impertinent_a to_o undertake_v a_o action_n contrary_a to_o all_o direction_n and_o discipline_n of_o war_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o evident_a reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o possibility_n to_o execute_v that_o devise_v but_o to_o our_o harm_n and_o disadvantage_n for_o we_o can_v go_v to_o their_o camp_n but_o by_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n a_o straight_a and_o narrow_a way_n where_o all_o our_o force_n can_v be_v employ_v and_o yet_o they_o with_o small_a number_n will_v make_v resistance_n have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o place_n favourable_a to_o their_o virtue_n we_o must_v march_v by_o the_o rise_n of_o a_o hill_n one_o horse_n after_o another_o neither_o have_v we_o any_o other_o way_n to_o draw_v our_o artillery_n our_o baggage_n our_o cart_n and_o bridge_n but_o by_o the_o straight_a of_o the_o hill_n and_o who_o doubt_v not_o but_o in_o a_o way_n so_o narrow_a and_o cumbrous_a every_o artillery_n every_o cart_n or_o every_o wheel_n that_o shall_v break_v will_v stay_v the_o army_n a_o whole_a hour_n at_o the_o least_o by_o which_o impediment_n every_o contrary_a accident_n may_v put_v we_o to_o disorder_v the_o enemy_n be_v lodge_v in_o covert_n provide_v of_o victual_n and_o forage_v and_o we_o must_v incamp_v all_o bare_a and_o naked_a not_o carry_v with_o we_o that_o which_o shall_v serve_v for_o our_o necessary_a nouriture_n but_o expect_v the_o thing_n to_o come_v after_o which_o in_o reason_n ought_v to_o go_v with_o we_o to_o attempt_v new_a enterprise_n whereof_o the_o victory_n be_v less_o certain_a than_o the_o peril_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o gravity_n and_o reputation_n of_o a_o leader_n and_o in_o action_n of_o the_o war_n those_o enterprise_n be_v put_v to_o adventure_v that_o be_v do_v by_o will_n and_o not_o by_o reason_n many_o difficulty_n may_v compel_v we_o to_o make_v our_o abode_n there_o two_o or_o three_o day_n yea_o the_o snow_n and_o rain_v join_v with_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o season_n may_v suffice_v to_o detain_v we_o how_o shall_v we_o then_o do_v for_o victual_n and_o forage_v what_o shall_v we_o be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o the_o war_n want_v the_o thing_n that_o shall_v give_v we_o strength_n and_o sustenance_n what_o be_v he_o that_o consider_v not_o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o go_v seek_v the_o enemy_n in_o a_o strong_a camp_n and_o to_o be_v drive_v at_o one_o time_n to_o fight_v against_o they_o &_o against_o the_o discommodity_n of_o the_o place_n if_o we_o compel_v they_o not_o to_o abandon_v their_o camp_n we_o can_v but_o be_v enforce_v to_o retire_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a difficulty_n in_o a_o country_n so_o whole_o against_o we_o and_o where_o every_o little_a disfavour_n will_v turn_v to_o our_o great_a disadvantage_n etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o proceed_v that_o grave_a discourse_n in_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o particular_a occurrence_n incident_a to_o that_o enterprise_n which_o be_v lay_v open_a to_o their_o confuse_a judgement_n do_v manifest_o point_v at_o the_o great_a disadvantage_n which_o be_v to_o be_v undergo_v by_o that_o attempt_n the_o other_o example_n be_v of_o more_o antiquity_n take_v out_o of_o tacitus_n â—_o and_o concern_v the_o arraignment_n of_o certain_a senator_n for_o the_o friendship_n that_o have_v pass_v between_o sejanus_n and_o they_o among_o who_o m._n terentius_n thus_o answer_v for_o himself_o according_a as_o it_o have_v of_o late_o be_v publish_v by_o translation_n it_o will_v be_v peradventure_o less_o behooveful_a for_o my_o estate_n to_o acknowledge_v then_o to_o deny_v the_o crime_n i_o be_o charge_v with_o but_o hap_n what_o hap_n may_v i_o will_v confess_v that_o i_o have_v be_v sejanus_n friend_n and_o that_o i_o desire_v so_o to_o be_v and_o that_o after_o i_o have_v obtain_v his_o friendship_n i_o be_v glad_a of_o it_o i_o have_v see_v he_o joint-officer_n with_o my_o father_n in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o praetorian_a cohort_n and_o not_o long_o after_o in_o manage_v the_o city_n affair_n and_o matter_n of_o war_n his_o kinsman_n and_o ally_n be_v advance_v to_o honour_n as_o every_o man_n be_v inward_a with_o sejanus_n so_o he_o be_v grace_v by_o caesar_n and_o contrariwise_o such_o as_o be_v not_o in_o his_o favour_n live_v in_o fear_n and_o distress_a with_o poverty_n neither_o do_v i_o allege_v any_o man_n for_o a_o example_n of_o this_o all_o of_o we_o who_o be_v not_o privy_a to_o his_o last_o attempt_n with_o the_o danger_n of_o my_o only_a estate_n i_o will_v defend_v not_o sejanus_n the_o vulsiniensis_n but_o a_o part_n of_o the_o claudian_a and_o julian_n family_n which_o by_o alliance_n he_o have_v enter_v into_o thy_o son_n in_o law_n caesar_n thy_o companion_n in_o the_o consulship_n and_o he_o who_o take_v upon_o he_o thy_o charge_n of_o administer_a the_o commonwealth_n we_o do_v reverence_n and_o honour_n it_o be_v not_o our_o part_n to_o judge_v of_o he_o who_o thou_o do_v exalt_v above_o the_o rest_n nor_o for_o what_o consideration_n to_o thou_o the_o high_a judgement_n of_o thing_n the_o god_n have_v give_v and_o to_o we_o the_o glory_n of_o obedience_n be_v leave_v we_o look_v into_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o see_v before_o our_o eye_n who_o thou_o do_v enrich_v who_o thou_o do_v advance_v to_o honour_n who_o have_v great_a power_n of_o hurt_v or_o help_v which_o sejanus_n to_o have_v have_v no_o man_n will_v deny_v the_o prince_n hide_a thought_n or_o if_o he_o go_v about_o any_o secret_a drift_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o sound_v and_o dangerous_a neither_o shall_v thou_o in_o the_o end_n reach_n unto_o they_o think_v not_o only_o lord_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o sejanus_n last_o day_n but_o of_o sixteen_o year_n in_o which_o we_o do_v likewise_o fawn_v upon_o and_o court_n satrius_n and_o pomponius_n and_o to_o be_v know_v unto_o his_o free_a man_n and_o partner_n be_v reckon_v for_o a_o high_a favour_n what_o then_o shall_v this_o defence_n be_v general_a and_o not_o distinguish_v but_o a_o confusion_n make_v of_o time_n past_a and_o his_o late_a action_n no_o but_o let_v it_o by_o just_a bound_n and_o term_n be_v divide_v let_v the_o treason_n against_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o intention_n of_o murder_v the_o emperor_n be_v punish_v but_o as_o for_o the_o friendship_n duty_n pleasure_n and_o good_a turn_n the_o same_o end_n shall_v discharge_v and_o quit_v thou_o o_o caesar_n and_o we_o the_o constancy_n of_o this_o oration_n prevail_v so_o much_o that_o his_o accuser_n be_v punish_v with_o exile_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v how_o particularity_n decide_v the_o controversy_n and_o make_v the_o way_n plain_a to_o good_a direction_n chap._n xii_o the_o roman_n take_v their_o journey_n towards_o the_o next_o legion_n and_o be_v set_v upon_o by_o the_o gall_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o daylight_n appear_v 〈◊〉_d they_o set_v forth_o of_o their_o camp_n like_o man_n persuade_v that_o the_o counsel_n have_v be_v give_v they_o not_o by_o a_o enemy_n but_o by_o ambiorix_n a_o especial_a friend_n with_o a_o long-tailed_a march_n and_o as_o much_o baggage_n as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o carry_v the_o gall_n understand_v of_o their_o journey_n by_o their_o noise_n and_o watch_v in_o the_o night_n secret_o in_o the_o wood_n some_o two_o mile_n off_o lay_v a_o ambuscado_n in_o two_o several_a place_n of_o advantage_n and_o there_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o when_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o troop_n be_v enter_v into_o a_o valley_n sudden_o they_o show_v themselves_o on_o both_o side_n the_o vale_n press_v hard_o upon_o the_o rearward_n and_o hinder_v the_o foremost_a from_o go_v up_o the_o hill_n and_o so_o begin_v to_o charge_n upon_o the_o roman_n in_o a_o place_n of_o as_o great_a disadvantage_n for_o they_o as_o can_v be_v then_o at_o length_n titurius_n as_o one_o that_o have_v provide_v for_o nothing_o beforehand_o begin_v to_o tremble_v run_v up_o and_o down_o and_o dispose_v his_o cohort_n but_o so_o fearful_o and_o after_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o if_o all_o thing_n have_v go_v against_o he_o as_o it_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o such_o as_o be_v force_v to_o consult_v in_o the_o instant_n of_o execution_n
hannibal_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v that_o famous_a battle_n between_o the_o old_a roman_n and_o the_o last_o latin_n wherein_o both_o party_n be_v equal_o balance_v both_o in_o number_n and_o quality_n of_o their_o soldier_n have_v both_o the_o same_o arm_n the_o same_o use_n of_o their_o weapon_n and_o the_o same_o discipline_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o a_o civil_a war_n neither_o can_v fortune_n tell_v by_o the_o presence_n of_o their_o army_n where_o to_o bestow_v her_o favour_n or_o where_o to_o show_v her_o disdain_n but_o that_o the_o worthiness_n of_o the_o roman_a leader_n bring_v the_o odds_o in_o the_o trial_n and_o make_v rome_n great_a with_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o latin_n whereby_o it_o appear_v how_o much_o it_o import_v the_o whole_a fortune_n of_o the_o army_n to_o have_v a_o leader_n worthy_a of_o the_o place_n which_o he_o hold_v forasmuch_o as_o nothing_o do_v make_v a_o great_a difference_n of_o inequality_n between_o two_o equal_a army_n than_o the_o wisdom_n and_o experience_n of_o a_o grave_a commander_n or_o the_o disability_n of_o a_o unskilful_a leader_n which_o be_v so_o powerful_a in_o their_o several_a effect_n that_o there_o be_v great_a hope_n of_o a_o herd_n of_o heart_n lead_v by_o a_o lion_n then_o of_o so_o many_o lion_n conduct_v by_o a_o hart._n chap._n fourteen_o ambiorix_n direct_v the_o gall_n how_o they_o may_v best_o fight_v with_o advantage_n and_o frustrate_v the_o weapon_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n the_o which_o thing_n when_o ambiorix_n perceive_v caesar_n he_o command_v his_o man_n to_o throw_v their_o cast_a weapon_n afar_o off_o and_o keep_v themselves_o from_o come_v near_o at_o hand_n and_o where_o the_o roman_n charge_v they_o to_o give_v way_n for_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o lightness_n of_o their_o arm_n and_o their_o daily_a exercise_n the_o roman_n can_v do_v they_o no_o harm_n and_o again_o as_o they_o see_v they_o retâ—re_o to_o their_o ensign_n then_o to_o pursue_v they_o which_o commandment_n be_v so_o diligent_o observe_v by_o the_o gall_n that_o as_o oft_o as_o any_o cohort_n sally_v out_o of_o the_o orb_n to_o give_v a_o assault_n the_o enemy_n give_v back_o as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o be_v no_o help_n but_o that_o part_n must_v be_v leave_v naked_a and_o open_a to_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o cast_v weapon_n and_o again_o as_o they_o retire_v to_o their_o place_n they_o be_v circumvent_v as_o well_o by_o they_o that_o have_v give_v place_n unto_o they_o as_o by_o such_o as_o stand_v next_o about_o they_o and_o if_o they_o go_v about_o to_o keep_v their_o ground_n they_o can_v neither_o help_v themselves_o by_o their_o manhood_n nor_o stand_v thick_a together_o avoid_v the_o dart_n that_o such_o a_o multitude_n cast_v upon_o they_o aâ—d_v yet_o notwithstanding_o these_o inconvenience_n beside_o the_o wound_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v they_o stand_v still_o at_o their_o defence_n and_o have_v so_o spend_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o day_n for_o they_o have_v fight_v eight_o hour_n together_o they_o commit_v nothing_o dishonourable_a or_o unworthy_a of_o themselves_o the_o observation_n i_o have_v speak_v already_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o roman_a fight_n consist_v altogether_o in_o good_a disposition_n of_o imbattel_v and_o in_o firm_a stand_n and_o buckle_v at_o handy-blowe_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o this_o circumstance_n where_o ambiorix_n forbid_v his_o man_n to_o buckle_v with_o they_o but_o to_o give_v back_o and_o follow_v on_o again_o as_o the_o lightness_n of_o their_o arm_n give_v they_o opportunity_n in_o like_a manner_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n in_o the_o battle_n between_o caesar_n and_o afranius_n it_o appear_v that_o caesar_n his_o soldier_n be_v bind_v to_o keep_v their_o array_n not_o to_o leave_v their_o ensign_n nor_o without_o a_o weighty_a occasion_n to_o forsake_v their_o station_n appoint_v they_o whereas_o the_o afranians_n fight_v thin_a and_o scatter_a here_o and_o there_o and_o if_o they_o be_v hard_o lay_v unto_o they_o think_v it_o no_o dishonour_n to_o retire_v and_o give_v back_o as_o they_o have_v learn_v of_o the_o portugal_n and_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n chap._n xv._n the_o roman_n be_v overthrow_v then_o t._n baluentius_n who_o the_o year_n before_o have_v be_v primipile_n of_o that_o legion_n caesar_n a_o valiant_a man_n and_o of_o great_a authority_n have_v both_o his_o thigh_n dart_v through_o with_o a_o javelin_n and_o q._n lucanius_n of_o the_o same_o order_n valiant_o fight_v to_o succour_v his_o son_n be_v slay_v and_o l._n cotta_n the_o legate_n as_o he_o busy_o encourage_v all_o the_o cohort_n and_o century_n be_v wound_v in_o the_o mouth_n with_o a_o sling_n titurius_n move_v with_o these_o thing_n as_o he_o behold_v ambiorix_n afar_o off_o encourage_v his_o man_n send_v câ—_n pompeius_n unto_o he_o to_o entreat_v he_o that_o he_o will_v spare_v hâ—m_n and_o his_o soldier_n ambiorix_n answer_v that_o â—f_o he_o be_v desirous_a to_o treat_v he_o may_v for_o he_o hope_v to_o obtain_v so_o much_o of_o the_o people_n to_o save_v the_o soldier_n but_o for_o himself_o he_o shall_v have_v no_o harm_n at_o all_o for_o the_o assurance_n whereof_o he_o give_v he_o his_o faith_n titurius_n impart_v the_o matter_n to_o cotta_n and_o that_o if_o he_o like_v that_o they_o two_o shall_v goout_v of_o the_o battle_n and_o have_v conference_n with_o ambiorix_n he_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o obtain_v of_o he_o the_o safety_n of_o themselves_o and_o their_o soldier_n cotta_n absolute_o deny_v to_o go_v to_o a_o arm_a enemy_n and_o continue_v resolute_a in_o that_o opinion_n titurius_n command_v such_o tribune_n and_o centurion_n as_o be_v present_a to_o follow_v he_o and_o when_o he_o come_v near_o to_o ambiorix_n be_v command_v to_o cast_v away_o his_o arm_n he_o obey_v and_o will_v those_o that_o be_v with_o he_o to_o do_v the_o same_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n while_o they_o treat_v of_o the_o condition_n and_o ambiorix_n begin_v a_o solemn_a protestation_n of_o purpose_n titurius_n be_v by_o little_a and_o little_o encompass_v about_o and_o slay_v then_o according_a to_o their_o custom_n they_o cry_v victory_n and_o take_v up_o a_o howl_n charge_v the_o roman_n with_o a_o fresh_a assault_n and_o rout_v their_o troop_n there_o l._n cotta_n fight_v valiant_o be_v slay_v &_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o soldier_n with_o he_o the_o remnant_n retire_v into_o their_o camp_n among_o who_o l._n petrosidius_n the_o eagle-bearer_n when_o he_o see_v himself_o overcharge_v with_o enemy_n throw_v the_o eagle_n within_o the_o rampire_n and_o fight_v with_o a_o great_a courage_n before_o the_o camp_n be_v slay_v the_o rest_n with_o much_o ado_n endure_v the_o assault_n until_o night_n and_o in_o the_o night_n be_v in_o despair_n of_o all_o succour_n slay_v themselves_o every_o man_n a_o few_o that_o escape_v from_o the_o battle_n come_v by_o unknown_a way_n through_o the_o wood_n to_o labienus_n and_o certify_v he_o how_o all_o thing_n have_v fall_v out_o observation_n and_o thus_o have_v we_o hear_v of_o the_o great_a loss_n that_o ever_o fall_v at_o any_o one_o time_n upon_o caesar_n his_o army_n from_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v first_o proconful_n in_o gallia_n unto_o the_o end_n of_o his_o dictatorship_n for_o in_o the_o two_o overthrow_n at_o dyrrachâ—um_n he_o lose_v not_o above_o 1000_o man_n and_o in_o that_o at_o gergovia_n not_o so_o many_o but_o here_o fifteen_o cohort_n be_v cut_v in_o piece_n which_o amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 7000_o man_n or_o thereabouts_o which_o make_v cowardice_n and_o ill_a direction_n the_o more_o hateful_a in_o regard_n that_o the_o great_a victory_n which_o his_o valour_n obtain_v in_o pharsalia_n cost_v he_o but_o the_o life_n of_o two_o hundred_o man_n the_o resolution_n of_o such_o as_o return_v to_o the_o camp_n witness_v the_o exceed_a valour_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n if_o a_o valiant_a leader_n have_v have_v the_o manage_n thereof_o or_o if_o cotta_n alone_o have_v be_v absolute_a commander_n there_o have_v be_v great_a hope_n of_o better_a fortune_n in_o the_o success_n but_o here_o it_o happen_v as_o it_o common_o do_v that_o where_o there_o be_v many_o that_o be_v equal_a sharer_n in_o the_o chief_a authority_n the_o direction_n for_o the_o mâ—st_a part_n follow_v he_o that_o be_v more_o violeâ—t_n in_o opinion_n then_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v a_o property_n rather_o of_o passion_n then_o of_o judicious_a discourse_n force_v a_o consent_n against_o the_o temperate_a opposition_n of_o a_o true_a discern_a understanding_n and_o so_o consequent_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o one_o coward_n have_v place_n and_o authority_n in_o the_o council_n do_v either_o infect_v or_o annihilate_v the_o sound_a deliberation_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o leader_n for_o
his_o timorousness_n fly_v always_o to_o extremity_n make_v he_o rash_a in_o consultation_n peremptory_a in_o opinion_n and_o base_a in_o case_n of_o peril_n all_o which_o be_v enemy_n to_o good_a direction_n and_o the_o only_a instrument_n of_o mischieving_a fortune_n chap._n xvi_o ambiorix_n haste_v to_o besiege_v cicero_n and_o stir_v up_o the_o aduatici_n the_o nervii_n and_o so_o raise_v a_o great_a power_n ambiorix_n take_v such_o spirit_n unto_o he_o upon_o this_o victory_n caesar_n that_o with_o his_o horseman_n he_o go_v immediate_o unto_o the_o aduatici_n be_v the_o next_o borderer_n upon_o his_o kingdom_n without_o intermission_n of_o night_n or_o day_n command_v his_o footman_n to_o follow_v he_o the_o aduatici_n upon_o his_o open_v the_o matter_n be_v stir_v up_o to_o commotion_n the_o next_o day_n after_o he_o come_v to_o the_o nervii_n exhort_v they_o not_o to_o let_v slip_v this_o occasion_n of_o recover_v to_o themselves_o perpetual_a liberty_n and_o revenge_v they_o of_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o wrong_n they_o have_v receive_v he_o tell_v they_o that_o two_o legate_n be_v already_o slay_v and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n overthrow_v it_o be_v now_o no_o great_a matter_n sudden_o to_o surprise_v the_o legion_n that_o winter_v with_o cicero_n to_o the_o performance_n whereof_o the_o offer_v himself_o to_o be_v their_o assistant_n these_o remonstrance_n easy_o persuade_v the_o nervii_n and_o therefore_o they_o dispatch_v speedy_a messenger_n to_o the_o centrones_n grudii_n levaci_n pleumosii_n and_o gorduni_n who_o be_v all_o under_o their_o dominion_n and_o raise_v very_o great_a force_n and_o â—ith_v they_o they_o haste_v to_o the_o camp_n where_o cicero_n winter_v before_o any_o inkling_n of_o the_o death_n of_o titurius_n be_v bring_v unto_o he_o observation_n the_o ambitious_a and_o work_a spirit_n of_o ambiorix_n that_o can_v attempt_v to_o raise_v the_o baseness_n of_o a_o small_a and_o ignoble_a state_n to_o so_o high_a a_o point_n of_o resolution_n that_o they_o dare_v adventure_v upon_o the_o roman_a legion_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o empire_n by_o the_o memory_n of_o so_o many_o victory_n in_o gallia_n want_v now_o no_o mean_n to_o make_v a_o overture_n to_o a_o universal_a commotion_n propound_v liberty_n and_o revenge_n to_o the_o gall_n two_o the_o sweet_a condition_n that_o can_v happen_v to_o a_o subdue_a people_n if_o they_o will_v but_o stretch_v out_o their_o hand_n to_o take_v it_o and_o follow_v that_o course_n which_o his_o example_n have_v prove_v sure_a and_o easy_a which_o may_v serve_v to_o show_v that_o he_o that_o will_v attempt_v upon_o doubtful_a and_o unsafe_a principle_n will_v take_v great_a advantage_n from_o a_o probable_a entrance_n and_o make_v a_o small_a beginning_n a_o sufficient_a mean_n for_o his_o great_a design_n chap._n xvii_o cicero_n defend_v his_o camp_n from_o the_o surprise_n of_o the_o nervii_n and_o prepare_v himself_o against_o a_o siege_n it_o happen_v to_o cicero_n also_o as_o it_o can_v not_o otherwise_o choose_v that_o many_o of_o the_o soldier_n that_o be_v go_v into_o the_o wood_n for_o timber_n and_o munition_n caesar_n be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o sudden_a approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n horseman_n these_o be_v circumvent_v the_o eburones_n nervii_n and_o aduatici_n with_o all_o their_o confederate_n and_o client_n begin_n to_o assault_v the_o camp_n the_o roman_n betake_v they_o speedy_o to_o their_o weapon_n and_o get_v upon_o the_o rampâ—er_n with_o much_o ado_n they_o hold_v out_o that_o day_n for_o the_o gall_n trust_v much_o upon_o celerity_n hope_v if_o they_o speed_v well_o in_o that_o action_n to_o be_v victor_n ever_o after_o cicero_n dispatch_v letter_n with_o all_o speed_n to_o caesar_n promise_v great_a reward_n to_o he_o that_o â—â—ould_v carry_v they_o but_o all_o the_o way_n be_v so_o fore-laied_n that_o the_o messenger_n be_v take_v in_o one_o night_n there_o be_v build_v in_o tâ—e_v camp_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o tower_n of_o such_o timber_n as_o be_v bring_v in_o for_o fortification_n and_o whatsoever_o want_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o work_n be_v perfect_v the_o enemy_n the_o next_o day_n with_o a_o far_o great_a power_n assault_v the_o camp_n and_o fill_v up_o the_o dâ—tch_n â—he_v roman_n make_v the_o like_a defence_n as_o they_o have_v do_v the_o day_n before_o the_o like_a be_v continue_v divers_a day_n after_o the_o roman_n make_v no_o intermission_n of_o their_o work_n at_o any_o part_n of_o the_o night_n nor_o give_v any_o rest_n either_o to_o the_o sick_a or_o the_o wounded_a whatsoever_o be_v needful_a for_o the_o next_o day_n assault_n be_v provide_v in_o readiness_n the_o night_n before_o a_o great_a number_n of_o stake_n harden_v in_o the_o fire_n be_v prepare_v and_o many_o mural_a pile_n be_v make_v the_o tower_n be_v 〈◊〉_d in_o their_o story_n pinnacle_n and_o parapet_n â—ere_z set_v up_o of_o hurdle_n and_o cicero_n himself_o be_v sickly_a and_o of_o a_o weak_a constitution_n take_v not_o so_o much_o leisure_n as_o to_o rest_v himself_o in_o the_o night_n time_n so_o that_o the_o soldier_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n compel_v he_o by_o entreaty_n to_o spare_v himself_o observation_n this_o q._n cicero_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o brother_n of_o marcus_n 〈◊〉_d the_o famous_a orator_n and_o to_o he_o be_v the_o letter_n send_v which_o be_v find_v in_o his_o â—pistles_n direct_v quinto_fw-la fratri_fw-la in_o this_o action_n 〈◊〉_d carriage_n deserve_v as_o great_a reputation_n in_o the_o true_a censure_n of_o honour_n as_o ever_o his_o brother_n do_v for_o his_o eloquence_n pro_fw-la rostris_fw-la and_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d fortune_n to_o hâ—ve_v perform_v the_o like_a service_n 〈…〉_z â—ave_n make_v it_o the_o great_a exploit_n that_o everâ—_n 〈◊〉_d have_v achieve_v by_o arm_n wherein_o particular_o may_v be_v commend_v the_o diligence_n and_o industry_n which_o be_v use_v in_o raise_v so_o many_o 〈◊〉_d in_o so_o small_a a_o time_n for_o provide_v the_o 〈◊〉_d before_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o next_o day_n defence_n for_o make_v so_o many_o stake_n harden_v in_o the_o end_n with_o fire_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o rampire_n and_o for_o the_o store_n of_o these_o mural_a pâ—les_n which_o resemble_v the_o form_n of_o the_o ordinary_a pile_n but_o be_v far_o great_a and_o weighty_a in_o regard_n they_o be_v to_o be_v cast_v from_o the_o rampire_n which_o give_v they_o such_o advantage_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o height_n that_o be_v cast_v by_o a_o strong_a and_o well_o practise_v arm_n they_o be_v very_o effectual_a and_o of_o great_a terror_n chap._n xviii_o the_o nervii_n propound_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o cicero_n which_o ambiorix_n have_v do_v to_o sabinus_n but_o be_v reject_v then_o the_o prince_n and_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o nervii_n caesar_n which_o have_v any_o entrance_n of_o speech_n and_o cause_n of_o acquaintance_n with_o cicero_n signify_v their_o desire_n to_o speak_v with_o he_o which_o be_v grant_v they_o propound_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o ambiorix_n have_v use_v to_o deceive_v sabinus_n all_o gallia_n be_v in_o arm_n the_o german_n be_v come_v over_o the_o rhine_n caesar_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v besiege_v in_o their_o wintering-camp_n sabinus_n and_o his_o man_n be_v cut_v in_o piece_n and_o for_o the_o more_o credit_n to_o it_o they_o show_v he_o ambiorix_n they_o say_v they_o be_v much_o deceive_v if_o they_o expect_v any_o help_n from_o those_o who_o be_v at_o present_a scarce_o able_a to_o help_v themselves_o notwithstanding_o they_o carry_v this_o mind_n to_o cicero_n and_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n that_o they_o refuse_v nothing_o but_o their_o winter_v among_o they_o which_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v to_o be_v make_v a_o common_a practice_n they_o may_v depart_v in_o safety_n whither_o they_o will_v without_o disturbance_n or_o fear_n of_o danger_n cicero_n only_o make_v this_o answer_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n to_o take_v any_o article_n or_o condition_n from_o a_o arm_a enemy_n but_o if_o they_o will_v lay_v their_o arm_n aside_o let_v they_o use_v his_o furtherance_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o send_v some_o to_o negotiate_v it_o with_o caesar_n there_o be_v great_a hope_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o justice_n and_o equity_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o return_v unsatisfied_a observation_n the_o first_o attempt_n which_o ambiorix_n make_v upon_o the_o camp_n of_o sabâ—nus_n and_o cotta_n be_v but_o short_a but_o here_o what_o with_o the_o pride_n of_o the_o former_a victory_n and_o the_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o assailant_n they_o continue_v it_o long_o in_o hope_n to_o carry_v it_o by_o assault_n for_o the_o first_o assault_n of_o a_o place_n especial_o when_o it_o come_v by_o way_n of_o surprise_n be_v of_o great_a hope_n to_o the_o assailant_n and_o
of_o great_a danger_n to_o the_o defendant_n than_o such_o as_o afterward_o be_v make_v in_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o war_n for_o after_o the_o first_o brunt_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v much_o abate_v as_o well_o through_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o hot_a desire_n which_o be_v most_o violent_a in_o the_o beginning_n and_o afterward_o grow_v cold_a and_o remiss_a as_o also_o with_o the_o harm_n and_o peril_n which_o they_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o encounter_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a side_n the_o defendant_n have_v withstand_v the_o first_o fury_n wherein_o there_o be_v most_o terror_n and_o distrust_n grow_v more_o confident_a and_o better_o assure_v of_o their_o manhood_n and_o in_o experience_n of_o their_o strength_n stand_v firm_a against_o any_o charge_n whatsoever_o chap._n xix_o the_o nervii_n besiege_v cicero_n with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n and_o work_n mean_v to_o set_v fire_n on_o their_o tent_n the_o nervii_n disappoint_v of_o this_o hope_n caesar_n carry_v a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n round_o about_o the_o camp_n the_o rampire_n be_v eleven_o foot_n high_a and_o the_o ditch_n fifteen_o foot_n deep_a which_o they_o have_v learn_v of_o the_o roman_n partly_o by_o be_v conversant_a among_o they_o certain_a year_n before_o and_o partly_o by_o the_o prisoner_n and_o captive_n which_o they_o have_v take_v but_o they_o have_v no_o iron_n tool_n fit_a for_o that_o purpose_n but_o be_v drive_v to_o cut_v up_o turf_n with_o their_o sword_n and_o gather_v earth_n with_o their_o hand_n and_o carry_v it_o away_o with_o their_o mantle_n and_o gaberdâ—nes_n whereby_o may_v be_v gather_v what_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n there_o be_v at_o the_o siege_n for_o in_o less_o than_o three_o hour_n they_o finish_v the_o fortification_n of_o fifteen_o mile_n in_o circuit_n the_o day_n follow_v the_o enemy_n build_v tower_n to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o rampire_n prepare_v great_a hook_n and_o strong_a penthouse_n or_o safegard_v of_o board_n and_o timber_n according_a as_o the_o captive_n have_v give_v they_o instruction_n the_o seven_o day_n of_o the_o siege_n be_v a_o very_a windy_a day_n they_o cast_v hot_a bullet_n of_o clay_n out_o of_o sling_n &_o burn_a dart_n upon_o the_o cabin_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v thatch_v with_o straw_n these_o cabin_n be_v quick_o set_v on_o fire_n which_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n be_v carry_v over_o all_o the_o camp_n the_o enemy_n press_v forward_o with_o a_o great_a clamour_n as_o though_o the_o victory_n be_v already_o get_v begin_v to_o bring_v their_o turret_n and_o testudines_fw-la to_o the_o rampire_n and_o to_o scale_v it_o with_o ladder_n but_o such_o be_v the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n that_o albeit_o they_o be_v scorch_v on_o all_o side_n with_o fire_n and_o overcharge_v with_o multitude_n of_o weapon_n and_o see_v all_o their_o wealth_n burn_v before_o their_o face_n yet_o no_o man_n forsake_v the_o 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loss_n and_o dishonour_n when_o as_o they_o have_v measure_v the_o humour_n of_o their_o poor_a needy_a and_o undisciplined_a soldier_n by_o the_o garb_n of_o their_o ambitious_a thought_n and_o so_o lay_v such_o project_n of_o difficulty_n as_o be_v very_o unsuitable_a in_o the_o particularity_n of_o occurrence_n to_o that_o which_o their_o soldier_n be_v fit_a to_o execute_v chap._n xx._n the_o emulation_n between_o two_o centurion_n pulfio_n and_o varenus_n with_o their_o fortune_n in_o the_o encounter_n there_o be_v in_o that_o legion_n two_o valiant_a man_n caesar_n titus_n pulfio_n and_o l._n varenus_n centurion_n come_v on_o apace_o to_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o first_o order_n these_o too_o wâ—re_v at_o continual_a debate_n which_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v prefer_v one_o before_o another_o and_o every_o year_n contend_v for_o place_n of_o preferment_n with_o much_o strife_n and_o emulation_n pulfio_n at_o a_o time_n that_o the_o fortification_n be_v very_o sharp_o assault_v call_v to_o varenus_n and_o ask_v he_o why_o he_o now_o stand_v doubtful_a or_o what_o other_o place_n he_o do_v look_v for_o to_o make_v trial_n of_o his_o manhood_n this_o be_v the_o day_n say_v he_o that_o shall_v decide_v our_o controversy_n and_o when_o he_o have_v speak_v these_o word_n he_o go_v out_o of_o the_o fortification_n and_o where_o he_o see_v the_o enemy_n thick_a he_o fierce_o set_v upon_o they_o then_o can_v not_o varenus_n hold_v himself_o within_o the_o rampire_n but_o for_o his_o credit_n sake_n follow_v after_o in_o a_o reasonable_a distance_n pulfio_n cast_v his_o pile_n at_o the_o enemy_n and_o strike_v one_o of_o the_o multitude_n through_o that_o câ—me_n run_v out_o against_o he_o he_o be_v slay_v the_o enemy_n cover_v he_o with_o their_o shield_n and_o all_o cast_v their_o weapon_n at_o pulfio_n give_v he_o no_o respite_n or_o time_n of_o retreat_n pulfio_n have_v his_o target_n strike_v through_o and_o the_o dart_n stick_v fast_o in_o his_o girdle_n this_o chance_n turn_v aside_o his_o scabbard_n and_o hinder_v his_o right_a hand_n from_o pull_v out_o his_o sword_n in_o which_o disadvantage_n the_o enemy_n press_v hard_o upon_o he_o varenus_n come_v and_o rescue_v he_o immediate_o the_o whole_a multitude_n think_v pulfio_n to_o be_v slay_v with_o the_o dart_n turn_v to_o varenus_n who_o speedy_o betake_v he_o to_o his_o sword_n and_o caâ—e_v to_o handy-stroke_n &_o have_v slay_v one_o he_o put_v the_o rest_n somewhat_o back_o but_o as_o he_o follow_v overhasty_o upon_o they_o he_o fall_v down_o he_o do_v pulfio_n rescue_v be_v circumvent_v and_o in_o danger_n &_o so_o both_o of_o they_o have_v slay_v many_o of_o the_o enemy_n retire_v to_o their_o camp_n in_o safety_n to_o their_o great_a honour_n thus_o fortune_n carry_v as_o well_o the_o contention_n as_o the_o encounter_n of_o they_o both_o that_o be_v enemy_n they_o nevertheless_o give_v help_v to_o save_v
each_o other_o life_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v judge_v which_o of_o they_o deserve_v great_a honour_n observation_n caesar_n insert_v this_o accident_n of_o the_o two_o centurion_n as_o worthy_a to_o be_v relate_v among_o the_o deed_n of_o arm_n contain_v in_o these_o commentary_n wherein_o we_o be_v first_o to_o observe_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o quarrel_n which_o be_v their_o continual_a strife_n for_o place_n of_o preferment_n which_o they_o seek_v after_o by_o show_v their_o valour_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n and_o approve_v their_o worth_n by_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o desert_n a_o contention_n worthy_a the_o roman_a discipline_n &_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o pattern_n of_o true_a honour_n full_a of_o courage_n accomplish_v with_o virtue_n for_o these_o simultates_fw-la which_o desire_v of_o honour_n have_v cast_v between_o they_o bring_v forth_o emulation_n which_o be_v the_o spurr_n of_o virtue_n far_o from_o enmity_n or_o hateful_a contention_n 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virtue_n rare_a and_o unknown_a in_o these_o day_n and_o will_v hardly_o find_v subject_n to_o be_v resident_a in_o if_o she_o shall_v offer_v she_o help_v in_o the_o course_n of_o our_o affair_n or_o sue_v to_o be_v entertain_v by_o the_o crooked_a disposition_n of_o our_o time_n for_o we_o can_v no_o soon_o conceive_v the_o thought_n that_o breed_v emulation_n but_o it_o turn_v present_o to_o hatred_n which_o be_v follow_v to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o our_o malice_n and_o rest_v better_a satisfy_v with_o the_o miserable_a end_n of_o our_o oppose_a partner_n then_o with_o thousand_o of_o trophy_n deserve_o erect_v to_o our_o honour_n which_o make_v i_o wonder_v when_o i_o look_v into_o the_o difference_n of_o these_o and_o those_o age_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o discipline_n of_o that_o time_n which_o bring_v forth_o such_o honest_a effect_n of_o virtue_n to_o their_o glory_n and_o our_o ignominy_n have_v learn_v better_a rule_n than_o be_v know_v unto_o they_o or_o whether_o the_o world_n weaken_v with_o age_n want_v strength_n in_o these_o time_n to_o bring_v forth_o her_o creature_n in_o that_o perfection_n as_o it_o do_v in_o those_o day_n or_o what_o other_o cause_n have_v make_v our_o worst_a affection_n so_o violent_a and_o our_o better_a faculty_n so_o remiss_a and_o negligent_a that_o virtue_n have_v no_o part_n in_o we_o but_o word_n of_o praise_n our_o whole_a practice_n be_v consecrate_v to_o action_n of_o reproach_n the_o injury_n murder_n scandalous_a carriage_n of_o one_o towards_o another_o which_o in_o these_o day_n be_v so_o ready_o offer_v and_o so_o impatient_o digest_v will_v admit_v no_o satisfaction_n but_o private_a combat_n which_o in_o the_o first_o monarchy_n be_v grant_v only_o against_o stranger_n &_o foreign_a enemy_n as_o the_o only_a object_n of_o arm_n and_o wrath_n and_o capable_a of_o that_o justice_n which_o the_o private_a sword_n shall_v execute_v for_o they_o well_o perceive_v that_o these_o single_a battle_n be_v as_o sparkle_v of_o civil_a discord_n and_o intestine_a war_n although_o not_o so_o apparent_a in_o the_o general_a view_n of_o their_o state_n yet_o as_o odious_a in_o particular_a and_o as_o dishonourable_a to_o good_a government_n and_o if_o there_o be_v a_o true_a record_n of_o such_o as_o have_v be_v either_o slay_v or_o wound_v within_o these_o forty_o year_n either_o in_o this_o kingdom_n or_o in_o france_n or_o in_o germany_n by_o this_o licentious_a and_o brutish_a custom_n i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o they_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o number_n capable_a of_o that_o fearful_a stile_n which_o be_v attribute_v to_o civil_a war_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o law_n how_o rigorous_a or_o hard_a soever_o that_o can_v give_v relief_n to_o this_o disorder_n but_o the_o restraint_n will_v draw_v on_o as_o great_a enormity_n and_o as_o intolerable_a in_o a_o good_a government_n 〈◊〉_d king_n of_o the_o lumbards_n forâ—ade_n his_o subject_n this_o manner_n of_o combat_n but_o short_o after_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o recall_v the_o edict_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o great_a evil_n although_o he_o protest_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v both_o inhuman_a and_o barbarous_a the_o like_a edict_n be_v publish_v in_o france_n by_o philip_n the_o fair_a but_o be_v within_o two_o year_n revoke_v again_o at_o the_o instant_a request_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o murder_n and_o assasinat_n commit_v in_o that_o kingdom_n the_o only_a remedy_n that_o i_o find_v to_o take_v effect_n in_o this_o case_n be_v that_o of_o late_a time_n which_o the_o prince_n of_o melphe_n in_o piâ—moâ—t_n invent_v to_o prevent_v this_o evil_a for_o perceive_v how_o ordinary_a quarrel_n and_o bloodshed_n be_v in_o his_o camp_n he_o assign_v a_o place_n between_o two_o bridge_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o duâ—ilum_fw-la with_o this_o charge_n that_o he_o that_o have_v the_o wâ—â—st_n shall_v always_o be_v slay_v &_o cast_v from_o the_o bridge_n into_o the_o water_n the_o danger_n join_v with_o dishonour_n which_o by_o this_o decree_n attend_v such_o as_o undertake_v private_a combat_n make_v the_o soldier_n wise_a in_o their_o carriage_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o their_o sedition_n and_o civil_a discord_n but_o that_o which_o be_v yet_o worst_a of_o all_o be_v that_o custom_n have_v now_o make_v it_o so_o familiar_a that_o every_o 〈◊〉_d seem_v sufficient_a to_o call_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o private_a combat_n a_o cross_a look_n call_v another_o man_n honour_n in_o question_n but_o the_o word_n lye_n be_v of_o as_o great_a consequence_n as_o any_o stab_n or_o villainy_n whatsoever_o whereat_o we_o may_v well_o wonder_v how_o it_o happen_v that_o we_o feel_v ourselves_o so_o much_o exasperate_v at_o the_o reproach_n of_o that_o vice_n which_o we_o so_o ordinary_o commit_v for_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o these_o time_n to_o cast_v upon_o we_o the_o lie_n be_v the_o great_a in_o jury_n that_o word_n can_v do_v unto_o we_o and_o yet_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o frequent_a in_o our_o mouth_n it_o may_v be_v a_o property_n in_o our_o nature_n to_o stand_v chief_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o corruption_n unto_o which_o we_o be_v most_o subject_a i_o speak_v not_o this_o to_o qualify_v the_o foulness_n of_o this_o vice_n for_o i_o hold_v a_o liar_n to_o be_v a_o monster_n in_o nature_n one_o that_o contemn_v god_n and_o fear_v man_n as_o a_o ancient_a father_n say_v but_o to_o show_v the_o crookedness_n of_o our_o disposition_n in_o disdain_v to_o acknowledge_v that_o fault_n which_o we_o so_o common_o commit_v but_o i_o will_v fain_o learn_v when_o honour_n first_o come_v to_o be_v measure_v with_o word_n for_o from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o caesar_n be_v often_o call_v to_o his_o face_n thief_n and_o drunkard_n without_o any_o further_a matter_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o invective_n which_o great_a personage_n use_v one_o against_o another_o as_o it_o begin_v so_o it_o end_v with_o word_n and_o so_o i_o think_v our_o lie_n may_v too_o for_o i_o take_v he_o that_o return_v the_o lie_n and_o so_o let_v it_o rest_n until_o further_a proof_n to_o have_v as_o great_a advantage_n in_o the_o reputation_n of_o honour_n as_o the_o former_a that_o first_o give_v the_o disgrace_n chap._n xxi_o ciâ—â—ro_n find_v mean_n to_o advertise_v caesar_n of_o this_o accident_n who_o haste_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o put_v the_o enemy_n to_o a_o great_a â—laughter_n as_o the_o siege_n grow_v daily_o hot_a aâ—d_o sharp_a caesar_n and_o special_o for_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v lay_v up_o with_o wound_n and_o the_o matter_n bring_v into_o a_o few_o man_n hand_n that_o be_v able_a to_o make_v any_o defence_n so_o they_o send_v out_o letter_n and_o messenger_n the_o more_o often_o to_o caesar_n of_o who_o some_o be_v take_v and_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o our_o soldier_n torture_v to_o death_n there_o
be_v one_o within_o the_o place_n besiege_v of_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o nervii_n call_v vertico_n of_o honest_a parentage_n who_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o siege_n have_v flee_v to_o cicero_n and_o carry_v himself_o faithful_o in_o that_o service_n this_o man_n do_v cicero_n choose_v persuade_v he_o with_o hope_n of_o liberty_n and_o other_o great_a reward_n to_o carry_v letter_n to_o caesar_n which_o he_o take_v and_o have_v tâ—ed_v they_o up_o in_o his_o dart_n travel_v as_o a_o gall_n among_o the_o gall_n without_o any_o suspicion_n and_o so_o come_v to_o caesar_n of_o who_o he_o understand_v how_o dangerous_o cicero_n and_o the_o legion_n be_v beset_v caesar_n have_v receive_v those_o letter_n about_o the_o eleven_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n dispatch_v present_o a_o messenger_n to_o m._n câ—assus_n the_o treasurer_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bellovaci_n twenty_o five_o mile_n off_o command_v the_o legion_n to_o set_v out_o at_o midnight_n and_o speedy_o to_o come_v unto_o he_o crassus_n set_v out_o and_o come_v along_o with_o the_o messenger_n he_o send_v another_o post_n to_o câ—ius_n fabius_n the_o legate_n to_o bring_v that_o legion_n to_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o atrebates_n through_o which_o he_o be_v to_o pass_v and_o write_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o labienus_n that_o if_o it_o stand_v with_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o state_n he_o shall_v bring_v his_o legion_n to_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o nervii_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n that_o be_v further_o off_o he_o think_v good_a not_o to_o expect_v he_o draw_v four_o hundred_o horse_n or_o thereabouts_o from_o the_o near_a wintering-camp_n and_o be_v advertise_v about_o the_o three_o hour_n by_o the_o forerunner_n of_o crassus_n come_v he_o march_v that_o that_o day_n twenty_o mile_n he_o make_v crassus_n governor_n of_o samarobrina_n cambray_n &_o give_v he_o one_o legion_n for_o the_o defence_n thereof_o in_o regard_n that_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n the_o hostage_n of_o the_o province_n the_o public_a transaction_n and_o letter_n together_o with_o all_o the_o corn_n which_o he_o have_v get_v for_o the_o provision_n of_o the_o winter_n be_v leave_v in_o that_o place_n fabius_n according_a to_o his_o direction_n without_o any_o delay_n meet_v he_o with_o his_o legion_n labienus_n understanding_n of_o the_o death_n of_o sabinus_n and_o the_o slaughter_n of_o the_o cohort_n &_o know_v also_o that_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o the_o treviri_n be_v march_v towards_o he_o doubt_v that_o if_o his_o set_n forward_o out_o of_o his_o winter_n station_n shall_v seem_v as_o a_o steal_n away_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o undergo_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o a_o late_a victory_n have_v make_v insolent_a and_o therefore_o inform_v caesar_n by_o his_o letter_n what_o danger_n it_o will_v be_v to_o draw_v the_o legion_n from_o their_o wintering-camp_n relate_v what_o have_v happen_v among_o the_o eburones_n &_o how_o that_o all_o 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into_o the_o fortification_n he_o advertise_v they_o by_o his_o letter_n that_o he_o be_v on_o the_o way_n with_o the_o legion_n and_o will_v be_v there_o instant_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n exhort_v he_o to_o persevere_v in_o his_o wont_a gallantry_n the_o gall_n fear_v some_o danger_n followed_z the_o directions_z and_o cast_v it_o into_o the_o work_n by_o a_o dart_n which_o fall_v by_o chance_n upon_o a_o turret_n and_o there_o stick_v two_o day_n before_o it_o be_v perceive_v the_o three_o day_n a_o soldier_n find_v it_o take_v it_o down_o and_o bring_v it_o to_o cicero_n who_o read_v it_o public_o in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o put_v they_o all_o into_o exceed_v great_a joy_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o smoke_n of_o their_o fire_n begin_v a_o far_o off_o to_o be_v discover_v which_o put_v they_o out_o of_o all_o doubt_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o legion_n the_o gall_n be_v advertise_v thereof_o by_o their_o discoverer_n leave_v the_o siege_n and_o 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forasmuch_o as_o he_o know_v that_o cicero_n be_v free_v of_o the_o siege_n he_o think_v he_o may_v the_o better_o forbear_v to_o make_v such_o haste_n and_o thereupon_o sit_v down_o and_o in_o as_o indifferent_a a_o place_n as_o he_o can_v choose_v fortify_v his_o camp_n which_o be_v of_o itself_o very_o little_a as_o not_o have_v scarce_o seven_o thousand_o man_n and_o those_o without_o any_o carriage_n yet_o he_o lessen_v it_o as_o much_o as_o he_o can_v by_o narrow_a the_o usual_a street_n there_o of_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v the_o better_o defend_v it_o if_o happy_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v draw_v to_o engage_v himself_o serious_o in_o any_o attempt_n upon_o the_o same_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n have_v send_v out_o discoverer_n into_o all_o part_n he_o inform_v himself_o which_o way_n he_o may_v most_o convenient_o pass_v over_o the_o valley_n the_o same_o day_n after_o small_a encounter_n of_o the_o cavalry_n at_o the_o water_n either_o party_n contain_v themselves_o within_o 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show_n of_o great_a fear_n with_o which_o inducement_n the_o enemy_n be_v so_o draw_v on_o that_o he_o bring_v over_o all_o his_o force_n and_o imbattel_v they_o in_o a_o unequal_a and_o disadvantageous_a place_n our_o man_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o rampire_n to_o make_v the_o matter_n more_o apparent_a they_o be_v embolden_v to_o come_v near_o and_o to_o cast_v weapon_n from_o all_o part_n into_o our_o work_n send_v herald_n round_o about_o with_o proclamation_n that_o if_o any_o gall_n or_o roman_n will_v come_v over_o unto_o they_o before_o the_o three_o hour_n he_o shall_v be_v take_v into_o their_o safe_a protection_n but_o after_o that_o time_n there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o any_o such_o reception_n and_o they_o do_v so_o contemn_v our_o party_n that_o whereas_o the_o port_n be_v shut_v
up_o for_o a_o show_n with_o a_o single_a row_n of_o turf_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v appear_v to_o be_v make_v up_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v break_v open_a some_o of_o they_o begin_v to_o break_v down_o the_o rampire_n with_o their_o hand_n and_o other_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n which_o caesar_n perceive_v sally_v out_o at_o all_o the_o port_n at_o once_o and_o send_v out_o the_o cavalry_n put_v the_o enemy_n so_o sudden_o to_o flight_n that_o not_o one_o of_o they_o resist_v by_o way_n of_o fight_v insomuch_o as_o he_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o and_o put_v they_o all_o beside_o their_o arms._n but_o because_o he_o fear_v to_o follow_v they_o far_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o bog_n that_o lay_v in_o their_o passage_n be_v unwilling_a to_o hazard_v himself_o upon_o the_o least_o occasion_n of_o danger_n he_o return_v with_o all_o his_o force_n in_o safety_n and_o the_o selfsame_a day_n come_v to_o cicero_n where_o he_o admire_v the_o tower_n the_o mantlet_n and_o work_n which_o be_v begin_v and_o prepare_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o draw_v out_o the_o legion_n he_o find_v that_o the_o ten_o man_n have_v not_o escape_v without_o wound_n by_o all_o which_o circumstance_n he_o understand_v with_o what_o danger_n and_o valour_n the_o business_n have_v be_v carry_v he_o commend_v cicero_n and_o the_o legion_n according_a to_o their_o merit_n call_v out_o by_o name_n such_o centurion_n and_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n as_o by_o testimony_n of_o cicero_n be_v find_v to_o have_v deserve_v extraordinary_o in_o that_o service_n inform_v himself_o by_o the_o captive_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o sabinus_n &_o cotta_n misfortune_n the_o next_o day_n he_o speak_v public_o to_o the_o soldier_n open_v the_o particular_n of_o that_o matter_n and_o then_o season_v they_o with_o comfort_n and_o encouragement_n show_v that_o the_o loss_n which_o happen_v through_o the_o fault_n and_o temerity_n of_o a_o legate_n be_v to_o be_v bear_v with_o better_a patience_n and_o the_o rather_o forasmuch_o as_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o immortal_a god_n and_o by_o their_o own_o virtue_n the_o loss_n be_v redeem_v in_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o neither_o the_o enemy_n do_v long_o joy_v it_o nor_o themselves_o be_v long_o afflict_v with_o grief_n for_o the_o same_o observation_n the_o passage_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v of_o great_a variety_n and_o do_v give_v occasion_n of_o much_o discourse_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o remarkable_a be_v that_o to_o exceed_v in_o force_n and_o troop_n of_o man_n may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o bring_v a_o party_n to_o a_o overthrow_n for_o a_o extraordinary_a power_n do_v always_o beget_v a_o opinion_n sort_v to_o their_o own_o desire_n and_o can_v hardly_o think_v of_o any_o other_o end_n than_o that_o which_o sâ—â—â—th_v with_o security_n and_o victorious_a success_n which_o be_v cross_v in_o any_o material_a circumstance_n and_o put_v beside_o the_o course_n of_o their_o intendment_n whereby_o they_o fail_v of_o what_o they_o expect_v do_v consequent_o draw_v all_o the_o other_o way_n and_o change_v hope_n into_o mishap_n as_o it_o fare_v here_o with_o the_o gall_n upon_o caesar_n sudden_a sally_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n chap._n xxii_o the_o commotion_n of_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n induciomarus_n attempt_v great_a matter_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o country_n quiet_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o report_n of_o caesar_n victory_n be_v carry_v to_o labienus_n with_o incredible_a speed_n caesar_n through_o the_o country_n of_o those_o of_o rheims_n insomuch_o as_o be_v fifty_o mile_n distant_a from_o that_o place_n where_o cicero_n winter_v and_o that_o the_o overthrow_n be_v give_v about_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n there_o be_v a_o shout_n at_o the_o camp-gate_n before_o midnight_n whereby_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n congratulate_v labienus_n for_o that_o victory_n the_o fame_n whereof_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o treviri_n induciomarus_n that_o purpose_v the_o next_o day_n to_o besiege_v labienus_n flee_v in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o carry_v all_o his_o force_n back_o to_o the_o treviri_n caesar_n remand_v fabius_n with_o his_o legion_n into_o their_o winter_n station_n he_o himself_o with_o three_o legion_n determine_v to_o winter_n about_o samarobrina_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o there_o be_v such_o commotion_n throughout_o all_o gallia_n himself_o resolve_v to_o abide_v with_o the_o army_n all_o the_o winter_n for_o upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o sabinus_n almost_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n do_v enter_v into_o a_o consultation_n of_o war_n send_v messenger_n and_o ambassador_n into_o all_o part_n to_o make_v overture_n for_o future_a resolution_n and_o to_o understand_v in_o what_o place_n the_o war_n may_v best_o be_v set_v on_o foot_n hold_v their_o conventicle_n by_o night_n in_o secret_a and_o desert_a place_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o there_o pass_v not_o a_o day_n during_o all_o that_o winter_n which_o bring_v not_o some_o new_a care_n or_o trouble_v to_o caesar_n whilst_o he_o be_v daily_o advertise_v of_o new_a meeting_n and_o conspiracy_n among_o the_o gall_n among_o other_o he_o have_v intelligence_n from_o l_o roscius_n the_o leg_n eat_v who_o he_o have_v set_v over_o the_o thirteen_o legion_n that_o great_a force_n of_o those_o state_n and_o city_n of_o the_o gall_n that_o be_v call_v armoricae_n be_v assemble_v together_o to_o fight_v against_o he_o brittany_n and_o be_v come_v within_o eight_o mile_n of_o his_o camp_n but_o understand_v of_o caesar_n victory_n they_o fall_v back_o in_o such_o a_o fashion_n as_o though_o they_o mean_v to_o fly_v away_o but_o caesar_n have_v call_v unto_o he_o the_o prince_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o every_o state_n terrify_v some_o as_o seem_v to_o understand_v their_o complotment_n and_o persuade_v other_o keep_v a_o great_a part_n of_o gallia_n in_o obedience_n howbeit_o the_o senones_n a_o strong_a people_n and_o of_o great_a authority_n among_o the_o gall_n go_v about_o by_o a_o public_a decree_n to_o kill_v cavarinus_n who_o caesar_n have_v set_v to_o be_v king_n over_o they_o who_o brother_n moritasgus_fw-la at_o caesar_n come_v into_o gallia_n and_o who_o ancestor_n former_o be_v possess_v of_o that_o kingdom_n which_o he_o perceive_v flee_v away_o and_o be_v prosecute_v to_o the_o very_a border_n and_o so_o drive_v as_o well_o out_o of_o his_o private_a house_n as_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o have_v send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n to_o satisfy_v he_o herein_o whereas_o he_o command_v the_o whole_a senate_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o they_o refuse_v to_o obey_v his_o warrant_n so_o much_o it_o prevail_v among_o barbarous_a people_n that_o there_o be_v some_o find_v that_o dare_v avouch_v the_o undertake_n of_o a_o war_n which_o make_v such_o a_o alteration_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n that_o beside_o the_o hedâ—i_n and_o the_o state_n of_o rheims_n who_o caesar_n have_v in_o great_a favour_n and_o respect_n the_o one_o for_o their_o ancient_a and_o perpetual_a fidelity_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o other_o for_o their_o late_a service_n in_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n there_o be_v almost_o no_o state_n free_a from_o suspicion_n insomuch_o as_o i_o know_v not_o well_o whether_o it_o may_v not_o be_v wonder_v at_o or_o no_o as_o well_o for_o many_o other_o reason_n as_o special_o for_o that_o they_o great_o grieve_v that_o they_o who_o excel_v all_o other_o nation_n in_o deed_n of_o arm_n have_v now_o lose_v their_o reputation_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v force_v to_o bear_v the_o yoke_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o treviri_n and_o induciomarus_n lose_v no_o time_n of_o all_o that_o winter_n but_o send_v commissioner_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n solicit_v the_o city_n and_o promise_a money_n with_o confident_a aslurance_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o army_n be_v already_o cut_v off_o and_o that_o which_o be_v leave_v be_v but_o a_o small_a remainder_n of_o the_o same_o and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o no_o people_n of_o the_o german_n can_v be_v persuade_v to_o pass_v the_o rhine_n for_o have_v twice_o make_v trial_n to_o their_o cost_n in_o the_o war_n of_o ariovistus_n and_o in_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o *_o franckfort_n tenchtheri_n they_o will_v tempt_v fortune_n no_o further_o induciomarus_n cast_v down_o from_o his_o hope_n do_v notwithstanding_o train_n and_o gather_v force_n get_v horse_n from_o the_o border_a state_n and_o with_o great_a reward_n draw_v unto_o he_o banish_v and_o condemn_v man_n from_o all_o part_n of_o gallia_n and_o do_v thereby_o get_v such_o a_o opinion_n throughout_o all_o that_o continent_n that_o ambassador_n come_v flock_v unto_o he_o from_o all_o quarter_n and_o seek_v his_o favour_n both_o in_o publâ—ck_n and_o private_a when_o he_o understand_v that_o man_n make_v
to_o he_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n and_o that_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o senones_n and_o carnutes_n be_v instigate_v with_o a_o remembrance_n of_o their_o offence_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o nervii_n and_o aduatici_n make_v provision_n of_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o want_v voluntary_a force_n if_o he_o do_v but_o once_o go_v out_o of_o his_o confine_n he_o give_v order_n to_o call_v a_o council_n of_o arm_n which_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v always_o the_o beginning_n of_o a_o war_n be_v such_o as_o constrain_v all_o the_o man_n that_o be_v of_o year_n by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o assemble_v together_o in_o arm_n and_o he_o that_o come_v last_o be_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n put_v to_o death_n with_o exquisite_a torture_n in_o that_o council_n he_o take_v order_n to_o proclaim_v cingetorix_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o other_o faction_n and_o his_o son_n in_o law_n who_o as_o we_o have_v before_o declare_v have_v follow_v caesar_n and_o not_o leave_v he_o in_o any_o of_o those_o service_n a_o traitor_n to_o the_o state_n and_o that_o his_o good_n shall_v be_v confiscate_v that_o be_v do_v he_o publish_v in_o the_o council_n that_o he_o be_v send_v for_o by_o the_o senones_n and_o the_o carnutes_n and_o many_o other_o state_n of_o gallia_n whether_o he_o mean_v to_o go_v through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o rheims_n and_o that_o he_o will_v harry_v and_o waste_v their_o country_n but_o first_o his_o purpose_n be_v to_o take_v the_o camp_n of_o labienus_n and_o according_o give_v order_v what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v labienus_n be_v in_o a_o camp_n exceed_o fortify_v as_o well_o by_o nature_n as_o by_o art_n do_v not_o fear_v any_o danger_n that_o may_v happen_v to_o himself_o or_o the_o legion_n but_o rather_o study_v not_o to_o let_v pass_v any_o occasion_n to_o carry_v the_o matter_n handsome_o and_o to_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o be_v advertise_v by_o cingetorix_n and_o his_o ally_n what_o speech_n induciomarus_n have_v deliver_v in_o the_o council_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o all_o the_o confine_a city_n and_o command_v horseman_n to_o be_v send_v unto_o he_o by_o a_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n induciomarus_n ride_v up_o and_o down_o almost_o every_o day_n with_o all_o his_o cavalry_n under_o his_o camp_n sometime_o to_o view_v the_o site_n thereof_o otherwhile_o to_o parley_v or_o else_o to_o terrify_v the_o soldier_n and_o his_o horseman_n for_o the_o most_o part_n will_v cast_v their_o weapon_n within_o the_o rampire_n labienus_n keep_v all_o his_o man_n within_o the_o fortification_n and_o do_v what_o he_o can_v to_o make_v the_o enemy_n believe_v that_o he_o be_v sore_o afraid_a and_o as_o induciomarus_n come_v daily_o with_o great_a contempt_n to_o the_o camp_n one_o night_n have_v take_v in_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o border_a city_n which_o he_o have_v former_o send_v for_o he_o keep_v all_o his_o party_n by_o good_a guard_n within_o his_o camp_n with_o such_o diligence_n that_o their_o reception_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v bruit_v abroad_o or_o carry_v to_o the_o treviri_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n induciomarus_n according_a to_o his_o wont_a custom_n approach_v near_o the_o camp_n and_o there_o spend_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o day_n the_o horseman_n cast_v their_o weapon_n and_o with_o word_n of_o high_a reproach_n call_v out_o our_o man_n to_o fight_v without_o any_o word_n give_v in_o answer_n by_o they_o and_o a_o little_a before_o the_o evening_n as_o they_o disperse_v themselves_o and_o depart_v upon_o a_o sudden_a labienus_n let_v out_o all_o the_o cavalry_n at_o two_o port_n command_v they_o that_o after_o the_o enemy_n be_v put_v to_o slight_v which_o he_o see_v will_v necessary_o happen_v that_o every_o one_o shall_v make_v after_o induciomarus_n and_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v so_o much_o as_o wound_v any_o other_o enemy_n before_o they_o see_v he_o slay_v be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o give_v he_o time_n to_o escape_v while_o the_o soldier_n be_v engage_v with_o the_o rest_n and_o propound_v great_a reward_n to_o they_o that_o slay_v he_o he_o send_v out_o also_o several_a cohort_n to_o assist_v the_o horse_n fortune_fw-mi make_v good_a that_o direction_n for_o as_o all_o make_v after_o one_o induciomarus_fw-la be_v surprise_v in_o the_o ford_n of_o a_o river_n and_o slay_v and_o his_o head_n be_v bring_v back_o into_o the_o camp_n the_o horseman_n return_v slay_v as_o many_o of_o the_o rest_n as_o they_o can_v take_v this_o thing_n be_v know_v all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o eburones_n and_o nervii_n which_o be_v meet_v together_o depart_v home_o and_o after_o that_o time_n caesar_n have_v gallia_n better_a settle_v in_o quietness_n observation_n as_o the_o misfortune_n which_o befall_v sabinus_n and_o cotta_n put_v all_o gallia_n into_o trouble_n and_o commotion_n so_o the_o head_n of_o induciomarus_n reduce_v all_o into_o peace_n according_a as_o it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o spaniard_n that_o in_o some_o case_n one_o man_n be_v worth_a a_o thousand_o and_o thus_o end_v the_o five_o commentary_n the_o six_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n this_o summer_n commentary_n set_v forth_o the_o malice_n of_o a_o enemy_n that_o refuse_v open_a encounter_n but_o keep_v himself_o in_o the_o fastness_n of_o his_o hold_n force_v the_o adverse_a party_n either_o to_o leave_v he_o untouched_a or_o to_o seek_v he_o out_o upon_o disadvantage_n together_o with_o such_o casualty_n annex_v to_o the_o matter_n as_o the_o power_n of_o fortune_n do_v common_o intermingle_v with_o such_o occurrence_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n and_o fashion_n of_o life_n then_o in_o use_n among_o the_o german_n and_o gall_n chap._n i._n caesar_n fear_v a_o great_a commotion_n in_o gallia_n muster_v more_o force_n caesar_z for_o many_o reason_n expect_v great_a trouble_n in_o gallia_n caesar_n appoint_v m._n silanus_n c._n antistius_n reginus_n and_o t._n sextius_n legate_n in_o his_o army_n to_o make_v a_o new_a choice_n and_o muster_v up_o more_o soldier_n and_o withal_o he_o entreat_v cneius_n pompeius_n proconsul_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o continue_v at_o the_o city_n about_o public_a business_n that_o he_o will_v recall_v to_o their_o ensign_n and_o send_v unto_o he_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v before_o discharge_v of_o the_o consul_n oath_n for_o he_o think_v it_o very_o material_a for_o the_o future_a time_n to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o gall_n when_o they_o shall_v see_v italy_n so_o mighty_a that_o if_o they_o have_v receive_v any_o loss_n by_o the_o casualtye_n of_o war_n they_o can_v not_o only_o in_o a_o short_a time_n make_v a_o supply_n thereof_o but_o augment_v their_o army_n with_o great_a force_n which_o when_o pompey_n have_v grant_v both_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o caesar_n friendship_n the_o choice_n be_v speedy_o by_o his_o minister_n perform_v before_o the_o winter_n be_v end_v three_o legion_n be_v enrol_v and_o bring_v unto_o he_o whereby_o the_o number_n of_o cohort_n be_v double_v which_o be_v lose_v with_o q._n titurius_n and_o withal_o he_o make_v experience_n both_o by_o the_o speed_n and_o by_o the_o force_n what_o the_o wealth_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n can_v do_v the_o first_o observation_n notwithstanding_o any_o former_a purpose_n i_o will_v begin_v this_o commentary_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o choice_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v when_o they_o muster_v soldier_n for_o a_o intend_a war_n and_o will_v lay_v it_o first_o down_n as_o the_o basis_n and_o groundsil_n of_o all_o military_a architecture_n and_o carry_v by_o they_o with_o such_o a_o ceremonious_a and_o grave_a respect_n as_o may_v best_o express_v the_o seriousness_n of_o the_o action_n and_o make_v the_o soldier_n understand_v what_o consequence_n the_o sequel_n import_v polybius_n who_o only_o remain_v of_o they_o that_o have_v write_v of_o the_o ancient_a fashion_n of_o the_o roman_a war_n among_o other_o part_n of_o their_o discipline_n have_v leave_v unto_o posterity_n a_o compendious_a relation_n of_o their_o muster_n and_o enrollment_n which_o with_o the_o help_n of_o other_o history_n may_v be_v thus_o understand_v upon_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o consul_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o every_o year_n polyb._n their_o custom_n be_v to_o enroll_v four_o legion_n 6._o two_o for_o either_o consul_n at_o which_o enrollment_n they_o first_o choose_v fourteen_o tribune_n out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o their_o gentleman_n who_o they_o call_v equites_fw-la these_o fourteen_o be_v such_o as_o have_v serve_v five_o year_n in_o the_o war_n whereby_o they_o become_v eligible_a of_o that_o dignity_n and_o again_o they_o choose_v ten_o other_o tribune_n out_o of_o the_o commonalty_n be_v such_o as_o
year_n whereof_o there_o be_v this_o reason_n that_o if_o any_o state_n neglect_v the_o summons_n and_o refuse_v to_o make_v their_o appearance_n according_a to_o custom_n the_o summer_n time_n come_v on_o give_v good_a mean_n to_o the_o roman_a legion_n to_o punish_v the_o insolency_n of_o such_o a_o contempt_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o place_n to_o the_o senones_n carnutes_n and_o treviri_n who_o absence_n from_o this_o meeting_n be_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n to_o caesar_n of_o their_o rebellion_n and_o deserve_v the_o reward_n of_o open_a revolt_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o second_o thing_n which_o i_o will_v brief_o observe_v in_o this_o chapter_n service_n be_v the_o pardon_n which_o caesar_n willing_o give_v the_o senones_n at_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o hedui_n not_o so_o much_o for_o the_o respect_n he_o bear_v unto_o the_o hedui_n although_o they_o have_v of_o long_a time_n perform_v good_a service_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o be_v find_v more_o faithful_a than_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n howbeit_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o he_o be_v glad_a of_o that_o occasion_n to_o gratify_v the_o hedui_n but_o as_o a_o master_n in_o that_o faculty_n well_o know_v what_o best_o suit_v with_o the_o public_a profit_n in_o all_o time_n and_o season_n he_o will_v not_o misspend_v the_o summer_n in_o question_n and_o dispute_n concern_v former_a error_n which_o may_v better_o be_v remember_v upon_o other_o occasion_n but_o rather_o in_o prosecute_a war_n against_o other_o special_a revolter_n as_o a_o matter_n more_o behooveful_a to_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o best_a fit_v the_o time_n of_o summer_n for_o in_o follow_v a_o business_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o available_a to_o a_o fortunate_a issue_n then_o to_o be_v able_a to_o distinguish_v of_o the_o validity_n of_o the_o party_n and_o to_o discern_v which_o have_v most_o interest_n in_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o matter_n that_o so_o we_o may_v not_o be_v mistake_v in_o our_o design_n but_o follow_v that_o course_n as_o shall_v most_o advantage_v our_o purpose_n and_o here_o a_o general_n be_v to_o take_v special_a care_n that_o no_o humorous_a respect_n do_v hinder_v that_o resolution_n which_o true_a judgement_n approve_v for_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o either_o particular_a profit_n delight_v pleasure_n desire_v of_o revenge_n or_o some_o other_o unseasonable_a affection_n do_v so_o entangle_v they_o in_o their_o proceed_n as_o they_o never_o attain_v to_o the_o main_a drift_n of_o the_o action_n and_o this_o be_v call_v stumble_v by_o the_o way_n chap._n iu._n caesar_n intend_v the_o war_n of_o the_o treviri_n this_o part_n of_o gallia_n be_v quiet_v he_o bend_v his_o whole_a mind_n to_o make_v war_n against_o the_o treviri_n and_o ambiorix_n caesar_n command_v cavarinus_n with_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o senones_n to_o go_v along_o with_o he_o lest_o any_o tumult_n shall_v happen_v in_o his_o absence_n either_o through_o his_o discontentment_n or_o the_o malice_n of_o the_o state_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o determine_v forasmuch_o as_o he_o well_o kneâ—_n that_o ambiorix_n will_v not_o come_v to_o blow_n in_o open_a fight_n he_o endeavour_v by_o what_o mean_v he_o can_v to_o understand_v his_o other_o purpose_n the_o menapii_n be_v neighbour-borderer_n upon_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o eburones_n enclose_v about_o with_o a_o defence_n of_o bog_n and_o wood_n and_o only_o they_o of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n have_v never_o send_v to_o caesar_n touch_v any_o contract_n of_o peace_n of_o they_o ambiorix_n be_v receive_v and_o have_v familiar_a entertainment_n and_o further_o he_o understand_v that_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o treviri_n the_o german_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o contract_n of_o friendship_n with_o he_o also_o these_o help_v he_o think_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v take_v from_o ambiorix_n before_o he_o set_v upon_o he_o with_o open_a war_n lest_o despair_v of_o his_o safety_n he_o shall_v either_o hide_v himself_o among_o the_o menapii_n or_o be_v compel_v to_o fly_v over_o the_o rhine_n to_o the_o german_n in_o this_o resolution_n he_o send_v the_o baggage_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n with_o a_o convoy_n of_o two_o legion_n to_o labienus_n who_o be_v then_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o treviri_n and_o he_o himself_o with_o five_o expedite_a and_o unburthened_a legion_n make_v towards_o the_o menapii_n they_o have_v make_v no_o head_n but_o trust_v to_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n â—led_v into_o the_o wood_n and_o bog_n and_o carry_v all_o they_o have_v with_o they_o caesar_n divide_v his_o force_n to_o c._n fabius_n a_o legate_n and_o m._n crassus_n the_o treasurer_n have_v make_v speedy_a provision_n of_o bridge_n do_v set_v upon_o they_o in_o three_o part_n and_o burn_v house_n and_o village_n and_o take_v great_a number_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n whereby_o the_o menapii_n be_v constrain_v to_o send_v to_o caesar_n for_o peace_n he_o have_v take_v pledge_n of_o they_o assure_v they_o that_o he_o will_v esteem_v they_o as_o enemy_n if_o they_o do_v either_o receive_v ambiorix_n into_o their_o country_n or_o any_o messenger_n from_o he_o the_o matter_n be_v thus_o compound_v he_o leave_v among_o they_o comius_n of_o arras_n with_o certain_a horse_n as_o a_o garrison_n to_o that_o place_n and_o he_o himself_o make_v towards_o the_o treviri_n observation_n hence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o as_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o other_o thing_n for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o special_o in_o matter_n of_o war_n there_o be_v such_o a_o medley_n and_o interlace_n of_o material_a circumstance_n with_o the_o body_n of_o the_o action_n that_o common_o one_o business_n beget_v another_o caesar_n chief_a design_n at_o this_o time_n be_v the_o war_n against_o ambiorix_n and_o the_o treviri_n but_o consider_v the_o contract_n and_o league_n between_o they_o and_o the_o menapii_n he_o will_v not_o prosecute_v the_o war_n of_o the_o treviri_n until_o he_o have_v take_v away_o that_o assistance_n and_o leave_v they_o in_o the_o nakedness_n of_o their_o own_o strength_n wherein_o we_o may_v first_o observe_v what_o opinion_n caesar_n hold_v of_o ally_n and_o associate_n associate_n or_o any_o other_o that_o give_v help_v or_o assistance_n to_o a_o enemy_n for_o beside_o this_o particular_a we_o may_v read_v in_o the_o four_o commentary_n that_o the_o chief_a cause_n that_o move_v he_o to_o take_v the_o voyage_n into_o britain_n be_v for_o that_o the_o britan_n have_v underhand_n give_v succour_n and_o assistance_n to_o the_o gall_n a_o matter_n not_o to_o be_v neglect_v in_o his_o judgement_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o regard_n of_o any_o friendship_n or_o good_a respect_n which_o they_o bear_v unto_o the_o gall_n or_o otherwise_o to_o keep_v the_o roman_n occupy_v there_o that_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n may_v live_v quiet_o at_o home_n which_o i_o need_v not_o here_o dispute_v but_o the_o matter_n prove_v itself_o plain_o by_o caesar_n own_o confession_n that_o the_o continual_a supply_n send_v from_o britain_n be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o move_v he_o to_o that_o war_n and_o as_o it_o follow_v in_o this_o commentary_n concern_v the_o self_n same_o matter_n the_o only_a cause_n that_o draw_v he_o to_o pass_v the_o rhine_n the_o second_o time_n into_o germany_n be_v the_o succour_n which_o the_o german_n have_v former_o send_v to_o the_o treviri_n according_a to_o reason_n in_o case_n of_o other_o nature_n that_o he_o that_o will_v extinguish_v a_o lamp_n must_v not_o suffer_v a_o addition_n of_o oil_n nor_o admit_v the_o influence_n of_o lesser_a stream_n when_o he_o go_v about_o to_o dry_v up_o the_o great_a river_n but_o that_o which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o this_o business_n and_o may_v have_v challenge_v the_o first_o place_n in_o this_o discourse_n be_v for_o that_o caesar_n be_v almost_o assure_v that_o ambiorâ—x_n will_v not_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o trial_n of_o battle_n and_o therefore_o he_o labour_v to_o understand_v his_o other_o project_n from_o whence_o a_o commander_n may_v receive_v direction_n what_o course_n to_o hold_v in_o a_o refusal_n of_o open_a encounter_n for_o as_o the_o art_n and_o sleight_n of_o war_n be_v to_o subdue_v a_o enemy_n so_o be_v there_o more_o way_n and_o mean_n to_o effect_v that_o purpose_n then_o by_o wage_n battle_n as_o i_o have_v discourse_v at_o large_a in_o the_o three_o commentary_n 10._o whereunto_o i_o may_v add_v thus_o much_o which_o be_v general_o observe_v in_o the_o carriage_n of_o great_a and_o eminent_a commander_n that_o such_o as_o fail_v in_o matter_n of_o negotiation_n and_o want_v dexterity_n in_o manage_v the_o course_n of_o their_o business_n notwithstanding_o any_o fortune_n or_o singularity_n in_o strike_v a_o battle_n do_v never_o attain_v to_o firm_a and_o permanent_a honour_n if_o any_o man_n be_v desirous_a to_o descend_v into_o particular_n
themselves_o against_o those_o tree_n they_o overthrow_v they_o with_o their_o weight_n and_o fall_v withal_o themselves_o and_o so_o be_v take_v the_o 3._o kind_n of_o beast_n be_v those_o which_o be_v call_v uri_n somewhat_o lesser_a than_o a_o elephant_n and_o in_o colour_n kind_a and_o shape_n not_o unlike_a unto_o a_o bull._n they_o be_v both_o strong_a and_o swift_a and_o spare_v neither_o man_n nor_o beast_n that_o come_v in_o their_o sight_n these_o they_o catch_v with_o great_a labour_n and_o diligence_n in_o pit_n and_o ditch_n and_o so_o kill_v they_o the_o youth_n do_v inure_v and_o exercise_v themselves_o in_o this_o kind_n of_o hunt_v and_o such_o as_o kill_v many_o of_o these_o beast_n and_o show_v most_o horn_n be_v high_o commend_v but_o to_o make_v they_o tame_v or_o any_o their_o little_a one_o be_v never_o yet_o see_v the_o largeness_n of_o their_o horn_n as_o also_o the_o fashion_n and_o kind_n thereof_o do_v much_o differ_v from_o the_o horn_n of_o the_o ox_n 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time_n the_o fox_n see_v the_o lion_n he_o swoon_v for_o fear_n the_o next_o time_n he_o tremble_v but_o the_o three_o time_n he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o fear_n that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o put_v a_o trick_n of_o craft_n upon_o he_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o german_n have_v no_o further_a interest_n in_o deed_n of_o arm_n above_o the_o gall_n than_o what_o the_o use_n of_o war_n have_v gain_v they_o for_o as_o usage_n continue_v the_o property_n of_o a_o tenure_n so_o non-usage_n imply_v a_o forfeiture_n cato_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v that_o the_o roman_n will_v loose_v their_o empire_n when_o they_o suffer_v the_o greek_a tongue_n to_o be_v teach_v among_o they_o for_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o will_v easy_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o study_n and_o practice_n of_o war_n to_o the_o bewitch_a delight_n of_o speculative_a thought_n and_o marcellus_n be_v blame_v for_o be_v the_o first_o that_o corrupt_a rome_n with_o the_o delicate_a and_o curious_a work_n of_o greece_n for_o 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betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o wood_n and_o doubt_v want_n of_o corn_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o german_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n do_v least_o care_n for_o tillage_n he_o determine_v to_o go_v no_o further_o but_o that_o his_o return_n may_v not_o altogether_o free_a the_o barbarous_a people_n from_o fear_n but_o hinder_v the_o help_n and_o succour_n which_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o send_v into_o gallia_n have_v bring_v back_o his_o army_n he_o cut_v off_o so_o much_o of_o the_o further_a part_n of_o the_o bridge_n next_o unto_o the_o ubii_n as_o come_v in_o measure_n to_o two_o hundred_o foot_n and_o in_o the_o end_n of_o that_o which_o remain_v he_o build_v a_o tower_n of_o four_o story_n make_v other_o work_n for_o the_o strengthen_n of_o that_o place_n wherein_o he_o leave_v a_o garrison_n of_o twelve_o cohort_n under_o the_o command_n of_o young_a c._n volcatius_n tullus_n he_o himself_o as_o corn_n wax_v ripe_a go_v forward_o to_o the_o war_n of_o ambiorix_n by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o wood_n of_o arduenna_n which_o be_v the_o great_a in_o all_o gallia_n and_o extend_v itself_o from_o the_o bank_n of_o rhine_n and_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o treviri_n to_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o nervii_n carry_v a_o breadth_n of_o five_o hundred_o mile_n he_o send_v l._n minutius_n basilius_n before_o with_o all_o the_o horse_n to_o see_v if_o he_o can_v effect_v any_o thing_n either_o by_o prevention_n and_o speedy_a arrival_n or_o by_o opportunity_n command_v he_o not_o to_o suffer_v any_o fire_n to_o be_v make_v in_o his_o camp_n lest_o his_o come_n may_v be_v discover_v promise_v to_o follow_v he_o at_o his_o heel_n basilius_n follow_v his_o direction_n and_o come_v upon_o they_o contrary_a to_o their_o expectation_n take_v many_o of_o the_o enemy_n abroad_o in_o the_o field_n and_o by_o their_o condâ—â—â—â—ion_n make_v towards_o ambiorix_n where_o he_o remain_v in_o a_o place_n with_o a_o few_o horseman_n as_o fortune_n be_v very_o powerful_a in_o all_o thing_n so_o she_o challenge_v a_o special_a interest_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n for_o as_o it_o happen_v by_o great_a luck_n that_o he_o shall_v light_v upon_o he_o unaware_o and_o unprovided_a and_o that_o his_o come_n shall_v soon_o be_v see_v then_o hear_v of_o so_o be_v it_o great_a hap_n that_o all_o the_o arm_n which_o he_o have_v about_o he_o shall_v be_v surprise_v his_o horse_n and_o his_o chariot_n take_v and_o that_o he_o himself_o shall_v escape_v death_n but_o this_o happen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o wood_n that_o be_v about_o his_o house_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gall_n who_o for_o avoid_v of_o heat_n do_v common_o build_v near_o unto_o wood_n and_o river_n his_o follower_n and_o friend_n sustain_v a_o while_n the_o charge_n of_o the_o horseman_n in_o a_o narrow_a place_n while_o he_o himself_o escape_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n on_o horseback_n and_o in_o â—lying_v be_v protect_v and_o shelter_v by_o the_o wood_n whereby_o fortune_n seem_v very_o powerful_a both_o in_o draw_v on_o a_o danger_n and_o in_o avoid_v it_o the_o first_o observation_n the_o prerogative_n which_o fortune_n have_v always_o challenge_v in_o the_o accident_n of_o war_n fortune_n and_o the_o special_a interest_n which_o she_o have_v in_o that_o course_n of_o life_n more_o than_o in_o other_o man_n action_n have_v make_v the_o best_a shoulder_n oftentimes_o to_o sing_v a_o song_n of_o complaint_n the_o burden_n whereof_o yet_o remain_v and_o serve_v as_o a_o reason_n of_o all_o such_o misadventure_n fortune_n de_fw-fr laguerre_fw-fr the_o fortune_n of_o the_o war_n such_o as_o have_v observe_v the_o course_n of_o thing_n and_o have_v find_v one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n continue_v the_o same_o mean_n this_o day_n happy_a and_o the_o next_o day_n unfortunate_a and_o again_o two_o other_o man_n the_o one_o advise_v and_o respective_a
and_o the_o other_o violent_a and_o rash_a and_o yet_o both_o attain_v the_o like_a good_a fortune_n by_o two_o contrary_a course_n or_o otherwise_o as_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o the_o more_o heedless_a the_o more_o happy_a have_v be_v persuade_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v so_o govern_v by_o fortune_n that_o the_o wisdom_n of_o man_n can_v neither_o alter_v nor_o amend_v they_o and_o therefore_o to_o spend_v much_o time_n or_o tedious_a labour_n either_o in_o careful_a circumspection_n or_o heedful_a prevention_n of_o that_o which_o be_v unchangeable_a they_o hold_v as_o vain_a as_o the_o wash_n of_o a_o aethiopian_a to_o make_v he_o white_a of_o this_o opinion_n sylla_n seem_v to_o be_v sylla_n profess_v himself_o better_a bear_v to_o fortune_n then_o to_o the_o war_n and_o acknowledge_v his_o happy_a victory_n to_o have_v proceed_v from_o his_o most_o heedless_a and_o unadvised_a resolution_n and_o the_o great_a alexander_n so_o carry_v himself_o as_o though_o he_o have_v be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n of_o who_o curtius_n say_v quoties_fw-la illum_fw-la fortuna_fw-la à _fw-la morte_fw-la revocavit_fw-la quoties_fw-la temere_fw-la in_o pericula_fw-la vectum_fw-la perpetua_fw-la felicitate_a protexit_fw-la how_o many_o a_o time_n do_v fortune_n call_v he_o back_o from_o the_o brink_n of_o death_n how_o often_o do_v she_o happy_o defend_v and_o save_v he_o when_o he_o have_v by_o his_o rashness_n bring_v himself_o into_o danger_n alexander_n and_o plutarch_n say_v that_o he_o have_v power_n of_o time_n and_o place_n other_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o ascribe_v so_o much_o to_o fortune_n as_o to_o make_v themselves_o the_o tennis-ball_n to_o her_o racket_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v content_a to_o allow_v her_o half_a of_o every_o thing_n they_o go_v about_o reserve_v the_o other_o moiety_n to_o their_o own_o direction_n and_o so_o like_a partner_n in_o a_o adventure_n they_o labour_v to_o improve_v their_o share_n for_o their_o best_a advantage_n some_o other_o 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judgement_n whereby_o the_o word_n fortune_n usurp_v a_o deity_n and_o get_v a_o opinion_n of_o extraordinary_a power_n in_o the_o regiment_n of_o humane_a action_n but_o our_o christian_a time_n have_v a_o ready_a lesson_n wherein_o be_v teach_v a_o sovereign_a providence_n guide_v and_o direct_v the_o thought_n of_o man_n heart_n with_o the_o faculty_n and_o power_n of_o the_o soul_n together_o with_o their_o external_a action_n to_o such_o end_n as_o shall_v seem_v best_a to_o that_o omnipotent_a wisdom_n to_o who_o all_o our_o ability_n serve_v as_o instrument_n and_o mean_n to_o effect_v his_o purpose_n notwithstanding_o our_o particular_a intendment_n or_o what_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n may_v otherwise_o determine_v and_o therefore_o such_o as_o will_v make_v their_o way_n prosperous_a unto_o themselves_o and_o receive_v that_o contentment_n which_o their_o hope_n expect_v or_o their_o labour_n will_v deserve_v must_v use_v those_o help_n which_o the_o rule_n of_o christianity_n do_v teach_v in_o that_o behalf_n and_o may_v better_o be_v learn_v from_o a_o divine_a then_o from_o he_o that_o write_v treatise_n of_o war._n the_o second_o observation_n quintus_fw-la curtius_n speak_v of_o alexander_n sai_z expedition_n nullam_fw-la virtutem_fw-la regis_fw-la istius_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la celeritatem_fw-la laudaverim_fw-la i_o can_v commend_v no_o virtue_n in_o this_o king_n before_o his_o speed_n &_o celerity_n whereof_o this_o may_v be_v a_o ground_n that_o he_o follow_v darius_n with_o such_o speed_n after_o the_o second_o battle_n he_o give_v he_o that_o in_o eleven_o day_n he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n six_o hundred_o mile_n which_o be_v a_o chase_n well_o fit_v alexander_n the_o great_a and_o may_v rest_v unexampled_a notwithstanding_o suetonius_n give_v this_o general_a report_n of_o caesar_n that_o in_o matter_n military_a aut_fw-la aequavit_fw-la praestantissimorum_fw-la gloriam_fw-la aut_fw-la excessit_fw-la he_o either_o equal_v or_o exceed_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o best_a and_o for_o this_o particular_a he_o say_v quod_fw-la persaepe_fw-la nuntius_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la praevenit_fw-la that_o he_o be_v very_o often_o the_o messenger_n of_o his_o own_o success_n and_o to_o speak_v true_o he_o seem_v to_o challenge_v to_o himself_o expedition_n and_o speed_n as_o his_o peculiar_a commendation_n ground_v himself_o upon_o the_o danger_n which_o linger_v and_o foreslow_v of_o time_n do_v usual_o bring_v to_o well_o advise_v resolution_n according_a to_o that_o of_o lucan_n the_o poet_n nocuit_fw-la semper_fw-la differre_fw-la paratis_fw-la delay_z do_v always_o hurt_v those_o that_o be_v ready_a for_o by_o this_o speedy_a execution_n of_o well-digested_a direction_n he_o gain_v two_o main_a advantage_n first_o the_o prevention_n of_o such_o help_n and_o mean_n as_o the_o enemy_n will_v otherwise_o have_v have_v to_o make_v the_o war_n dangerous_a and_o the_o event_n doubtful_a and_o second_o the_o confusion_n and_o fear_n which_o do_v consequent_o follow_v such_o main_a disappointment_n be_v the_o most_o dangerous_a accident_n that_o can_v happen_v to_o any_o party_n and_o the_o chief_a point_n to_o be_v endeavour_v to_o be_v cast_v upon_o a_o enemy_n by_o he_o that_o will_v make_v a_o easy_a conquest_n for_o proof_n whereof_o among_o many_o other_o example_n i_o will_v only_o allege_v his_o expedition_n to_o rome_n when_o he_o first_o come_v against_o pompey_n according_a to_o plutarch_n relation_n pompey_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n say_v he_o news_n come_v to_o rome_n that_o caesar_n have_v win_v ariminum_n a_o great_a city_n in_o italy_n and_o that_o he_o come_v direct_o to_o rome_n with_o a_o great_a power_n which_o be_v not_o true_a for_o he_o come_v but_o with_o 3000._o horse_n and_o 5000._o foot_n and_o will_v not_o tarry_v for_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o alps_n in_o gallia_n but_o make_v haste_n rather_o to_o surprise_v his_o enemy_n upon_o the_o sudden_a be_v afraid_a and_o in_o garboil_n not_o look_v for_o he_o so_o soon_o then_o to_o give_v they_o time_n to_o be_v provide_v and_o so_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o in_o the_o best_a of_o their_o strength_n which_o fall_v out_o according_o for_o this_o sudden_a and_o unexpected_a approach_n of_o he_o put_v all_o italy_n and_o rome_n itself_o into_o such_o a_o tumult_n and_o confusion_n that_o no_o man_n know_v what_o way_n to_o take_v for_o his_o safety_n for_o such_o as_o be_v out_o of_o rome_n come_v fly_v thither_o from_o all_o part_n and_o those_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o be_v in_o rome_n go_v out_o as_o fast_o and_o forsake_v the_o city_n and_o the_o amazement_n be_v such_o that_o pompey_n and_o the_o senate_n flee_v into_o greece_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o caesar_n in_o threescore_o day_n be_v lord_n of_o all_o italy_n without_o any_o bloodshed_n beside_o this_o manner_n of_o prevention_n by_o sudden_a surprise_n we_o may_v see_v the_o like_a expedition_n in_o the_o very_a carriage_n and_o form_n of_o his_o war_n vici_fw-la for_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v take_v the_o field_n he_o labour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o bring_v he_o to_o sight_n or_o otherwise_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o field_n he_o then_o endeavour_v with_o the_o like_a speed_n to_o besiege_v he_o or_o block_n he_o up_o in_o some_o hold_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v bring_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o speedy_a upshot_n as_o he_o do_v with_o vercingetorix_n at_o alesia_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o memorable_a touch_v this_o point_n at_o the_o first_o take_v in_o of_o spain_n in_o the_o garboil_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n civil_a he_o defeat_v two_o army_n overthrow_v two_o general_n and_o take_v in_o two_o province_n in_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o day_n neither_o do_v he_o make_v use_n of_o expedition_n only_o in_o his_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n but_o also_o in_o the_o action_n and_o execution_n of_o battle_n for_o he_o never_o forsake_v a_o enemy_n overthrow_v and_o
the_o safety_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n for_o hope_n of_o booty_n do_v draw_v many_o far_o off_o out_o of_o their_o rank_n and_o the_o wood_n through_o uncertain_a and_o unknown_a passage_n will_v not_o suffer_v the_o soldier_n to_o go_v in_o troop_n if_o he_o will_v have_v the_o business_n take_v a_o end_n and_o the_o very_a race_n of_o those_o wicked_a people_n root_v out_o the_o army_n must_v be_v divide_v and_o many_o small_a band_n must_v be_v make_v for_o that_o purpose_n but_o to_o keep_v the_o maniple_n at_o their_o ensign_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o use_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n the_o place_n itself_o be_v a_o sufficient_a guard_n for_o the_o barbarous_a people_n who_o do_v not_o want_v courage_n in_o particular_a both_o to_o lie_v in_o wait_n for_o they_o and_o circumvent_v they_o as_o they_o be_v sever_v from_o their_o company_n yet_o in_o extremity_n of_o that_o nature_n what_o diligence_n can_v attain_v unto_o be_v provide_v but_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o somewhat_o be_v omit_v in_o the_o offensive_a part_n though_o the_o soldier_n mind_n be_v bend_v upon_o revenge_n rather_o than_o it_o shall_v be_v do_v with_o any_o detriment_n or_o loss_n to_o the_o soldier_n caesar_n send_v messenger_n to_o the_o next_o border_v state_n call_v they_o out_o to_o sack_v the_o eburones_n in_o hope_n of_o booty_n and_o pillage_n to_o the_o end_n the_o gall_n shall_v rather_o hazard_v their_o life_n in_o the_o wood_n than_o the_o legionary_a soldier_n as_o also_o that_o there_o may_v be_v many_o spoiler_n and_o destroyer_n to_o the_o end_n that_o both_o the_o name_n and_o race_n of_o that_o state_n may_v be_v take_v away_o hereupon_o a_o great_a multitude_n speedy_o assemble_v from_o all_o quarter_n these_o thing_n be_v act_v in_o all_o part_n and_o quarter_n of_o the_o eburones_n and_o the_o seven_o day_n draw_v near_o which_o he_o have_v appoint_v for_o his_o return_n to_o the_o carriage_n observation_n it_o be_v a_o commodity_n which_o a_o general_n have_v when_o the_o enemy_n do_v not_o refuse_v open_a encounter_n encounter_n for_o so_o he_o may_v be_v sure_a that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o business_n will_v rest_v upon_o military_a virtue_n and_o prowess_n of_o arm_n as_o ready_a way-makes_a to_o a_o speedy_a victory_n but_o when_o it_o shall_v happen_v that_o the_o country_n do_v afford_v covert_a and_o protection_n to_o he_o that_o be_v more_o malicious_a than_o valorous_a and_o through_o the_o fastness_n of_o the_o place_n refuse_v to_o show_v himself_o unless_o it_o be_v upon_o advantage_n the_o war_n doubtless_o be_v like_a to_o prove_v tedious_a and_o the_o victory_n less_o honourable_a in_o such_o case_n there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n than_o so_o to_o harry_v and_o waste_v a_o country_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v famish_v out_o of_o his_o hold_n and_o bring_v to_o subjection_n by_o scarcity_n and_o necessity_n which_o be_v a_o mean_n so_o powerful_a as_o well_o to_o supplant_v the_o great_a strength_n as_o to_o meet_v with_o subterfuge_n and_o delay_n that_o of_o itself_o it_o subdue_v all_o opposition_n and_o need_v no_o other_o help_n for_o achieve_v of_o victory_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o summer_n action_n and_o herein_o let_v we_o further_o observe_v the_o particular_a care_n which_o caesar_n have_v of_o his_o soldier_n adjudge_v the_o whole_a army_n to_o be_v interest_v in_o every_o private_a man_n safety_n a_o matter_n strange_a in_o these_o time_n and_o of_o small_a consequence_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o our_o commander_n to_o who_o particular_a fortune_n be_v esteem_v nonentity_n and_o man_n in_o several_a of_o no_o value_n forasmuch_o as_o conquest_n be_v make_v with_o multitude_n concern_v which_o point_n i_o grant_v it_o to_o be_v as_o true_a as_o it_o be_v often_o speak_v in_o place_n besiege_v that_o the_o loss_n of_o one_o man_n be_v not_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o town_n nor_o the_o defeat_n of_o twenty_o the_o overthrow_n of_o a_o thousand_o and_o yet_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o the_o lesser_a be_v pay_v for_o the_o laurel_n wreath_n the_o more_o precious_a be_v the_o victory_n and_o it_o sit_v then_o at_o a_o hard_a rate_n when_o it_o make_v the_o buyer_n bankrupt_a or_o enforce_v he_o to_o confess_v that_o such_o another_o victory_n will_v overthrow_v he_o and_o therefore_o he_o that_o will_v buy_v much_o honour_n with_o little_a blood_n must_v endeavour_v by_o diligent_a and_o careful_a labour_n to_o provide_v for_o the_o particular_a safety_n of_o his_o soldier_n wherein_o albeit_o he_o can_v value_v a_o unity_n at_o a_o equal_a rate_n with_o a_o number_n yet_o he_o must_v consider_v that_o without_o a_o unity_n there_o can_v be_v no_o multitude_n and_o not_o so_o only_o but_o the_o life_n and_o strength_n of_o a_o multitude_n consist_v in_o unity_n for_o otherwise_o neither_o have_v nero_n need_v to_o have_v wish_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n to_o have_v have_v but_o one_o head_n that_o he_o may_v have_v cut_v it_o off_o at_o a_o stroke_n sertorius_n nor_o sertorius_n device_n have_v carry_v any_o grace_n make_v a_o lusty_a fellow_n fail_v in_o pluck_v off_o the_o thin_a tail_n of_o a_o old_a lean_a jade_n and_o a_o little_a wearish_a man_n leave_v the_o stump_n bear_v of_o a_o greattaild_v horse_n and_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n by_o pluck_v hair_n by_o hair_n chap._n xiiii_o the_o sicambri_n send_v out_o two_o thousand_o horse_n against_o the_o eburones_n and_o by_o fortune_n they_o fall_v upon_o cicero_n at_o vatuca_n here_o you_o shall_v perceive_v the_o power_n that_o fortune_n have_v caesar_n and_o what_o chance_v happen_v in_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o war_n there_o be_v as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v the_o enemy_n be_v scatter_v and_o terrify_v no_o troup_n or_o band_n which_o may_v give_v the_o least_o cause_n of_o fear_n the_o report_n come_v to_o the_o german_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o rhine_n that_o the_o eburones_n be_v to_o be_v sack_v and_o that_o all_o man_n have_v liberty_n to_o make_v spoil_n of_o they_o the_o sicambri_n dwell_v next_o to_o the_o rhine_n who_o former_o receive_v the_o tenchtheri_n and_o usipite_n in_o their_o flight_n set_v out_o two_o thousandhorse_n and_o send_v they_o over_o the_o river_n some_o thirty_o mile_n below_o that_o place_n where_o caesar_n have_v leave_v the_o half_a bridge_n with_o a_o garrison_n these_o horse_n make_v direct_o towards_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o eburones_n take_v many_o prisoner_n and_o much_o cattle_n neither_o bog_n nor_o wood_n hinder_v their_o passage_n be_v breed_v and_o bear_v in_o war_n and_o theft_n they_o inquire_v of_o the_o prisoner_n in_o what_o part_n caesar_n be_v and_o find_v he_o to_o be_v go_v far_o off_o and_o that_o all_o the_o army_n be_v depart_v from_o thence_o but_o one_o of_o the_o prisoner_n speak_v to_o they_o say_v why_o do_v you_o seek_v after_o so_o poor_a and_o so_o slender_a a_o booty_n when_o otherwise_o you_o may_v make_v yourselves_o most_o fortunate_a in_o three_o hour_n space_n you_o may_v go_v to_o vatuca_n where_o the_o roman_a army_n have_v leave_v all_o their_o fortune_n the_o garrison_n in_o that_o place_n be_v no_o great_a than_o can_v hardly_o furnish_v the_o wall_n about_o neither_o dare_v any_o man_n go_v out_o of_o the_o trench_n the_o german_n in_o this_o hope_n do_v hide_v the_o pillage_n which_o they_o have_v already_o take_v and_o go_v direct_o to_o vatuca_n take_v he_o for_o their_o guide_n that_o give_v they_o first_o notice_n thereof_o observation_n it_o be_v as_o great_a a_o madness_n to_o believe_v that_o a_o man_n be_v able_a to_o give_v direction_n to_o meet_v with_o all_o chance_n as_o to_o think_v no_o foresight_n can_v prevent_v any_o casualty_n for_o as_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n be_v endue_v with_o a_o power_n of_o discourse_n whereby_o it_o conclude_v either_o according_a to_o the_o certainty_n of_o reason_n or_o the_o learning_n of_o experience_n bring_v these_o direction_n as_o faulty_a and_o inconvenient_a and_o approve_v other_o as_o safe_a and_o to_o be_v follow_v so_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o this_o power_n of_o discourse_n be_v limit_v to_o a_o certain_a measure_n or_o proportion_n of_o strength_n and_o inscribe_v in_o a_o circle_n of_o lesser_a capacity_n than_o the_o compass_n of_o possibility_n or_o the_o large_a extension_n of_o what_o may_v happen_v for_o otherwise_o the_o course_n of_o destiny_n be_v subject_a to_o our_o controllment_n and_o our_o knowledge_n be_v equal_a to_o universal_a entity_n whereas_o the_o infinite_a of_o accident_n do_v far_o exceed_v the_o reach_n of_o our_o shallow_a sense_n and_o our_o great_a apprehension_n be_v a_o small_a a_o unperfect_a experience_n and_o therefore_o as_o such_o as_o through_o the_o occasion_n of_o public_a employment_n be_v drive_v to_o forsake_v the_o shore_n of_o
minute_n and_o particular_a course_n and_o to_o float_v in_o the_o ocean_n of_o casualty_n and_o adventure_n may_v doubtless_o receive_v strong_a direction_n both_o from_o the_o loadstone_n of_o reason_n and_o tramontane_n of_o experience_n to_o shape_v a_o easy_a and_o successful_a course_n so_o notwithstanding_o they_o shall_v find_v themselves_o subject_a to_o the_o contrariety_n of_o wind_n and_o extremity_n of_o tempest_n beside_o many_o other_o let_v and_o impediment_n beyond_o the_o compass_n of_o their_o direction_n to_o interrupt_v their_o course_n and_o divert_v they_o from_o their_o haven_n which_o make_v the_o carthaginian_a that_o be_v more_o happy_a in_o conquer_a then_o in_o keep_v to_o cry_v out_o haâ—nibal_n nusquam_fw-la minu_fw-la quam_fw-la in_fw-la bello_fw-la eventus_fw-la rerum_fw-la respondent_fw-la the_o event_n of_o thing_n do_v no_o where_o answer_v expectation_n less_o than_o in_o war_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o accident_n chap._n xv._n the_o sicambri_n come_v to_o vatuca_n and_o offer_v to_o take_v the_o camp_n cicero_n have_v all_o the_o day_n before_o observe_v caesar_n direction_n with_o great_a diligence_n caesar_n and_o keep_v the_o soldier_n within_o the_o camp_n not_o suffer_v so_o much_o as_o a_o boy_n to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o trench_n the_o seven_o day_n distrust_v of_o caesar_n return_n according_a to_o his_o promise_n for_o that_o he_o understand_v he_o be_v go_v further_o into_o the_o country_n and_o hear_v nothing_o of_o his_o return_n and_o withal_o be_v move_v with_o the_o speech_n of_o the_o soldier_n who_o term_v their_o patient_a abide_n within_o their_o trench_n a_o siege_n forasmuch_o as_o no_o man_n be_v suffer_v to_o go_v out_o of_o they_o and_o expect_v no_o such_o chance_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o three_o mile_n which_o be_v the_o further_a he_o purpose_v to_o send_v they_o for_o corn_n especial_o consider_v that_o nine_o legion_n be_v abroad_o beside_o great_a force_n of_o horse_n the_o enemy_n be_v already_o disperse_v and_o almost_o extinguish_v according_o he_o send_v five_o cohort_n to_o gather_v corn_n in_o the_o next_o field_n which_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o garrison_n only_o with_o a_o little_a hill_n lie_v between_o the_o camp_n and_o the_o corn_n there_o be_v many_o leave_v in_o the_o camp_n of_o the_o other_o legion_n that_o be_v sick_a of_o who_o such_o as_o be_v recover_v to_o the_o number_n of_o three_o hundred_o be_v send_v with_o they_o all_o under_o one_o ensign_n beside_o a_o great_a company_n of_o soldier_n boy_n and_o great_a store_n of_o cattle_n which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o camp_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n come_v these_o german_a rutter_n and_o with_o the_o same_o gallop_n as_o they_o come_v thither_o they_o seek_v to_o enter_v in_o at_o the_o decumane_a gate_n neither_o be_v they_o discover_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o wood_n which_o keep_v they_o out_o of_o sight_n until_o they_o be_v almost_o at_o the_o trench_n insomuch_o as_o such_o tradesman_n and_o merchant_n as_o keep_v their_o booth_n and_o shop_n under_o the_o rampire_n have_v no_o time_n to_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o camp_n our_o man_n be_v much_o trouble_v at_o the_o unexpectedness_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o the_o cohort_n that_o keep_v watch_n do_v hardly_o sustain_v the_o first_o assault_n the_o enemy_n be_v quick_o spread_v about_o the_o work_n to_o see_v if_o they_o can_v find_v entrance_n in_o any_o other_o part_n our_o man_n do_v hardly_o keep_v the_o gate_n the_o rest_n be_v defend_v by_o the_o fortification_n and_o the_o place_n itself_o the_o whole_a camp_n be_v in_o a_o great_a fear_n and_o one_o inquire_v of_o another_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o tumult_n neither_o can_v they_o tell_v which_o way_n to_o carry_v their_o ensign_n or_o how_o any_o man_n shall_v dispose_v of_o himself_o one_o give_v out_o that_o the_o camp_n be_v take_v and_o another_o that_o the_o army_n and_o general_n be_v overthrow_v and_o that_o the_o barbarous_a people_n come_v thither_o as_o conqueror_n many_o take_v occasion_n from_o the_o place_n to_o imagine_v new_a and_o superstitious_a religion_n recall_v to_o mind_n the_o fatal_a calamity_n of_o cotta_n and_o titurius_n that_o die_v in_o that_o place_n through_o this_o fear_n and_o confusion_n that_o have_v possess_v the_o whole_a camp_n the_o german_n be_v confirm_v in_o their_o opinion_n which_o they_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o prisoner_n that_o there_o be_v no_o garrison_n at_o all_o in_o the_o work_n they_o endeavour_v to_o break_v in_o and_o encourage_v one_o another_o not_o to_o suffer_v so_o great_a a_o fortune_n to_o escape_v they_o publius_n sextius_n baculus_fw-la that_o have_v be_v primipilus_fw-la under_o caesar_n of_o who_o mention_n have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o former_a battle_n be_v there_o leave_v sick_a and_o have_v take_v no_o sustenance_n of_o five_o day_n before_o he_o hear_v the_o danger_n they_o be_v in_o go_v unarm_v out_o of_o his_o cabin_n and_o see_v the_o enemy_n ready_a to_o force_v the_o gate_n and_o the_o matter_n to_o be_v in_o great_a hazard_n take_v arm_n from_o one_o that_o stand_v next_o he_o he_o go_v and_o stand_v in_o the_o port_n the_o centurion_n of_o the_o cohort_n that_o keep_v watch_v follow_v he_o and_o they_o for_o a_o while_n engage_v the_o enemy_n sextius_n have_v receive_v many_o great_a wound_n faint_v at_o length_n and_o be_v hardly_o save_v by_o those_o that_o stand_v next_o he_o upon_o this_o respite_n the_o rest_n do_v so_o far_o assure_v themselves_o that_o they_o dare_v stand_v upon_o the_o work_n and_o make_v a_o show_n of_o defence_n observation_n in_o the_o former_a observation_n i_o dispute_v the_o interest_n which_o the_o whole_a army_n have_v in_o one_o particular_a man_n which_o out_o of_o caesar_n opinion_n i_o conclude_v to_o be_v such_o as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v neglect_v but_o if_o we_o suppose_v a_o party_n extraordinary_a and_o tie_v he_o to_o such_o singular_a worth_n as_o be_v in_o sextius_n i_o then_o doubt_v by_o this_o example_n whether_o i_o may_v not_o equal_v he_o to_o the_o multitude_n or_o put_v he_o alone_o in_o the_o balance_n to_o counterpoise_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o fellow_n for_o doubtless_o if_o his_o valour_n have_v not_o exceed_v any_o height_n of_o courage_n elsewhere_o then_o to_o be_v find_v within_o those_o wall_n the_o whole_a garrison_n have_v be_v utter_o slaughter_v and_o the_o place_n have_v be_v make_v fatal_a to_o the_o roman_n by_o two_o disastrous_a calamity_n in_o consideration_n whereof_o i_o will_v refer_v myself_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o wise_a how_o much_o it_o import_v a_o great_a commander_n not_o only_o in_o honour_n as_o a_o rewarder_n of_o virtue_n but_o in_o wisdom_n and_o good_a discretion_n to_o make_v much_o of_o so_o gallant_a a_o spirit_n and_o to_o give_v that_o respect_n unto_o he_o as_o may_v both_o witness_v his_o valiant_a carriage_n and_o the_o thankful_a acceptation_n thereof_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o commonweal_n wherein_o we_o need_v not_o doubt_v of_o caesar_n requital_n to_o this_o sextius_n have_v by_o divers_a honourable_a relation_n in_o these_o war_n touch_v his_o valiantness_n and_o prowess_n in_o arm_n make_v he_o partaker_n of_o his_o own_o glory_n and_o recommend_v he_o to_o posterity_n for_o a_o example_n of_o true_a valour_n chap._n xvi_o the_o sicambri_n continue_v their_o purpose_n in_o take_v the_o camp_n caesar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o soldier_n have_v make_v a_o end_n of_o reap_v and_o gather_v corn_n hear_v the_o cry_n the_o horseman_n haste_v before_o and_o find_v in_o what_o danger_n the_o matter_n stand_v there_o be_v in_o that_o place_n no_o fortification_n to_o receive_v the_o affrighted_a soldier_n such_o â—as_n be_v late_o enrol_v and_o have_v no_o experience_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n set_v their_o face_n towards_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o to_o the_o centurion_n and_o expect_v direction_n from_o they_o there_o be_v none_o so_o assure_v or_o valiant_a but_o be_v trouble_v thereat_o the_o barbarous_a people_n have_v spy_v the_o ensign_n a_o far_o off_o leave_v off_o their_o assault_n and_o first_o they_o think_v it_o have_v be_v the_o legion_n that_o have_v return_v which_o the_o prisoner_n have_v tell_v they_o to_o be_v go_v a_o great_a way_n off_o afterward_o contemn_v the_o smallness_n of_o their_o number_n they_o set_v upon_o they_o on_o all_o side_n the_o soldier_n boy_n betake_v themselves_o unto_o the_o next_o hill_n and_o be_v quick_o put_v from_o thence_o they_o cast_v themselves_o headlong_o among_o the_o maniple_n and_o ensign_n and_o so_o put_v the_o soldier_n in_o a_o worse_a fear_n than_o they_o be_v before_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n to_o put_v themselves_o into_o the_o form_n of_o battle_n which_o resemble_v a_o wedge_n câ—nâ—us_fw-la and_o so_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o camp_n be_v at_o hand_n to_o break_v speedy_o through_o the_o
station_n forasmuch_o as_o no_o place_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o least_o casualty_n and_o there_o he_o see_v how_o much_o fortune_n be_v able_a to_o do_v by_o the_o sudden_a come_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o how_o much_o more_o in_o that_o he_o be_v put_v off_o from_o the_o rampire_n and_o the_o gate_n which_o he_o have_v so_o near_o take_v but_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n this_o seem_v the_o strange_a that_o the_o german_n come_v over_o the_o rhine_n to_o depopulate_v and_o spoil_v ambiorix_n and_o his_o country_n have_v like_a to_o have_v take_v the_o roman_a camp_n which_o will_v have_v be_v as_o acceptable_a to_o ambiorix_n as_o any_o thing_n that_o can_v happen_v observation_n it_o be_v a_o old_a say_n fortune_n avouch_v by_o plutarch_n fortuna_fw-la id_fw-la unum_fw-la hominibus_fw-la non_fw-la aufert_fw-la quod_fw-la bene_fw-la fuerit_fw-la consultum_fw-la what_o a_o man_n have_v once_o well_o advise_v that_o and_o only_o that_o fortune_n can_v never_o despoil_v he_o of_o which_o tiberius_n the_o roman_a emperor_n well_o understand_v of_o who_o suetonius_n report_v quod_fw-la minimum_fw-la fortunae_fw-la casibusque_fw-la permittebat_fw-la that_o he_o trust_v very_o little_a to_o fortune_n or_o casualty_n and_o be_v the_o same_o which_o caesar_n counsel_v in_o this_o place_n ne_fw-la minimus_fw-la quidem_fw-la casui_fw-la locum_fw-la relinqui_fw-la debuisse_fw-la that_o no_o place_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o least_o casualty_n it_o be_v a_o hard_a condition_n to_o expose_v a_o naked_a party_n to_o the_o malice_n of_o a_o enemy_n or_o to_o disadvantage_n he_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o sight_n a_o army_n without_o a_o guard_n at_o any_o time_n be_v mere_o naked_a and_o more_o subject_a to_o slaughter_n than_o those_o that_o never_o take_v arm_n and_o the_o rather_o where_o the_o watch_n be_v want_v for_o there_o sudden_a chance_n can_v hardly_o be_v prevent_v and_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o avoid_v any_o such_o unexpected_a casualty_n they_o have_v great_a cause_n to_o thank_v fortune_n for_o her_o favour_n then_o to_o be_v angry_a with_o she_o for_o her_o malice_n for_o prevention_n at_o such_o time_n be_v out_o of_o the_o way_n and_o they_o be_v whole_o at_o her_o mercy_n as_o caesar_n have_v right_o deliver_v touch_v this_o accident_n and_o therefore_o whether_o a_o army_n march_v forward_o or_o continue_v in_o a_o place_n sleep_n or_o wake_v play_v or_o work_v go_v in_o hazard_n or_o rest_v secure_a let_v not_o so_o great_a a_o body_n be_v at_o any_o time_n without_o a_o competent_a strength_n to_o answer_v the_o spite_n of_o such_o misadventure_n chap._n xviii_o caesar_n return_v to_o spoil_v the_o enemy_n and_o punish_v acco_n caesar_n return_v again_o to_o trouble_v and_o vex_v the_o enemy_n caesar_n have_v call_v a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n from_o the_o border_a city_n he_o send_v they_o out_o into_o all_o part_n all_o the_o village_n and_o house_n which_o be_v any_o where_o to_o be_v see_v be_v burn_v to_o the_o ground_n pillage_n and_o booty_n be_v take_v in_o every_o place_n the_o corn_n be_v not_o only_o consume_v by_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n but_o beat_v down_o also_o by_o the_o unseasenableness_n of_o the_o year_n and_o continual_a rain_n insomuch_o that_o albeit_o divers_a do_v hide_v themselves_o for_o the_o present_a yet_o the_o army_n be_v withdraw_v they_o must_v necessary_o perish_v through_o want_n and_o scarcity_n and_o oftentimes_o they_o happen_v of_o the_o place_n the_o horseman_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o quarter_n where_o they_o do_v not_o only_o see_v ambiorix_n but_o keep_v he_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o sight_n and_o in_o hope_v still_o to_o take_v he_o some_o that_o think_v to_o demerit_n caesar_n high_a favour_n take_v such_o infinite_a pain_n as_o be_v almost_o beyond_o the_o power_n of_o nature_n and_o ever_o there_o seem_v but_o a_o little_a between_o they_o and_o the_o thing_n they_o most_o desire_v but_o he_o convey_v himself_o away_o through_o den_n and_o wood_n and_o dale_n and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n seek_v other_o country_n and_o quarter_n with_o no_o great_a a_o guard_n of_o horse_n than_o four_o to_o who_o only_o he_o dare_v commit_v the_o safety_n of_o his_o life_n the_o country_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n harry_v and_o depopulate_v caesar_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o two_o cohort_n bring_v back_o his_o army_n to_o durocortorum_n in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n where_o a_o parliament_n be_v summon_v he_o determine_v to_o call_v in_o question_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o senones_n and_o carnutes_n and_o especial_o acco_n the_o principal_a author_n of_o that_o council_n who_o be_v condemn_v be_v put_v to_o death_n more_fw-it majorum_fw-la some_o other_o fear_v the_o like_a judgement_n save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n these_o he_o interdict_a fire_n and_o water_n so_o leave_v two_o legion_n to_o winter_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o treviri_n and_o two_o other_o among_o the_o lingones_n and_o the_o other_o six_o at_o agendicum_n in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o senones_n have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n for_o the_o army_n he_o go_v into_o italy_n ad_fw-la conventus_fw-la agendos_fw-la observation_n the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o summer_n work_n be_v shut_v up_o with_o the_o sack_n and_o depopulation_n of_o the_o eburones_n as_o the_o extremity_n of_o hostile_a fury_n when_o the_o enemy_n lie_v in_o the_o fastness_n of_o the_o country_n and_o refuse_v to_o make_v open_a war_n that_o be_v do_v caesar_n proceed_v in_o a_o course_n of_o civil_a judgement_n with_o such_o principal_a offender_n as_o be_v of_o the_o conspiracy_n and_o namely_o with_o acco_n who_o he_o punish_v in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o old_a roman_n be_v accustom_v to_o do_v with_o such_o offender_n as_o have_v forfeit_v their_o loyalty_n to_o their_o country_n a_o kind_n of_o death_n which_o nero_n know_v not_o although_o he_o have_v be_v emperor_n of_o rome_n thirteen_o year_n and_o put_v to_o death_n many_o thousand_o people_n the_o party_n condemn_v be_v to_o have_v his_o neck_n lock_v in_o a_o fork_n and_o to_o be_v whip_v naked_a to_o death_n and_o he_o that_o be_v put_v to_o death_n after_o that_o manner_n be_v punish_v more_o majorum_fw-la such_o other_o as_o fear_v to_o undergo_v the_o judgement_n and_o flee_v before_o they_o come_v to_o trial_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o make_v uncapable_a of_o the_o benefit_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n in_o that_o empire_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o six_o commentary_n the_o seven_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n the_o argument_n this_o last_o commentary_n contain_v the_o specialty_n of_o the_o war_n which_o caesar_n make_v against_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n unite_v into_o one_o confederacy_n for_o the_o expelling_a of_o the_o roman_a government_n out_o of_o that_o continent_n who_o caesar_n overthrow_v in_o the_o end_n horribili_fw-la vigilantia_fw-la &_o prodigiosis_fw-la operibus_fw-la by_o his_o horrible_a vigilancy_n and_o prodigious_a action_n chap._n i._n the_o gall_n enter_v into_o new_a deliberation_n of_o revolt_n gallia_n be_v in_o quiet_a 〈◊〉_d caesar_n according_a to_o his_o determination_n go_v into_o italy_n to_o keep_v court_n and_o session_n there_o he_o under_o stand_v that_o p._n clodius_n be_v slay_v and_o of_o a_o decree_n which_o the_o senate_n have_v make_v touch_v the_o assembly_n of_o all_o the_o youth_n of_o italy_n and_o thereupon_o he_o purpose_v to_o enroll_v new_a band_n throughout_o the_o whole_a province_n these_o news_n be_v quick_o carry_v over_o the_o alps_n into_o gallia_n &_o the_o gall_n themselves_o add_v such_o rumour_n to_o it_o as_o the_o matter_n seem_v well_o to_o to_o bear_v that_o caesar_n be_v now_o detain_v by_o the_o trouble_n at_o rome_n and_o in_o such_o dissension_n can_v not_o return_v to_o his_o army_n be_v stir_v up_o by_o this_o occasion_n such_o as_o before_o be_v inward_o grieve_v that_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v now_o more_o free_o and_o bold_o enter_v into_o the_o consideration_n of_o war_n the_o prince_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o gallia_n have_v appoint_v counsel_n and_o meeting_n in_o remote_a and_o woody_a place_n complain_v of_o the_o death_n of_o acco_n and_o show_v it_o to_o be_v a_o fortune_n which_o may_v concern_v themselves_o they_o pity_v the_o common_a misery_n of_o gallia_n and_o do_v propound_v all_o manner_n of_o promise_n and_o reward_n to_o such_o as_o will_v begin_v the_o war_n and_o with_o the_o danger_n of_o their_o life_n redeem_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n where_o in_o they_o be_v to_o be_v very_o careful_a not_o to_o foreslow_v any_o time_n to_o the_o end_n that_o caesar_n may_v be_v stop_v from_o come_v to_o his_o army_n before_o their_o secret_a conference_n be_v discover_v which_o may_v easy_o
of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o march_v towards_o the_o country_n of_o the_o arverni_n but_o caesar_n have_v continue_v two_o day_n in_o those_o place_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o understand_v both_o by_o use_n and_o opinion_n what_o course_n vercingetorix_n be_v like_a to_o take_v he_o leave_v the_o army_n pretend_v some_o supply_n of_o horse_n which_o he_o go_v to_o raise_v and_o appoint_v young_a brutus_n to_o command_v those_o force_n admonish_v he_o to_o send_v out_o the_o horseman_n into_o all_o quarter_n and_o that_o he_o himself_o will_v not_o be_v absent_a from_o the_o camp_n above_o three_o day_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o settle_v none_o of_o his_o follower_n know_v his_o determination_n by_o great_a journey_n he_o come_v to_o vienna_n where_o take_v fresh_a horse_n which_o he_o have_v lay_v there_o many_o day_n before_o he_o cease_v neither_o night_n nor_o day_n until_o he_o come_v through_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o hedui_n to_o the_o lingones_n where_o two_o legion_n winter_v to_o the_o end_n if_o the_o hedui_n shall_v undertake_v any_o thing_n against_o he_o he_o may_v with_o speed_n prevent_v it_o be_v there_o he_o send_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o legion_n and_o bring_v they_o all_o to_o one_o place_n before_o the_o arverni_n can_v possible_o have_v notice_n of_o it_o observation_n caesar_n upon_o his_o first_o entrance_n into_o gallia_n commander_n be_v perplex_v how_o to_o get_v to_o his_o army_n and_o the_o matter_n stand_v in_o such_o term_n as_o bring_v either_o the_o legion_n or_o his_o own_o person_n into_o hazard_n for_o as_o he_o say_v if_o he_o shall_v send_v for_o the_o legion_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o they_o shall_v doubtless_o be_v fight_v withal_o by_o the_o way_n which_o he_o be_v loath_a to_o adventure_v unless_o himself_o have_v be_v present_a or_o otherwise_o if_o he_o himself_o have_v go_v unto_o they_o he_o doubt_v of_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o revolt_a gall_n and_o may_v have_v overthrow_v his_o army_n by_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o person_n in_o this_o extremity_n of_o choice_n he_o resolve_v upon_o his_o own_o passage_n to_o the_o army_n as_o less_o dangerous_a and_o more_o honourable_a rather_o than_o to_o call_v the_o legion_n out_o of_o their_o winter_v camp_n where_o they_o stand_v as_o a_o check_n to_o bridle_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o mutinous_a gall_n and_o so_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o battle_n in_o fetch_v their_o general_n into_o the_o field_n whereby_o he_o may_v have_v lose_v the_o victory_n before_o he_o have_v begin_v the_o war_n and_o for_o his_o better_a safety_n in_o this_o passage_n he_o use_v this_o cunning_a have_v assure_v the_o roman_a province_n by_o strong_a and_o frequent_a garrison_n on_o the_o frontier_n and_o remove_v lucterius_n from_o those_o part_n gather_v together_o such_o supply_n as_o he_o have_v bring_v with_o he_o out_o of_o italy_n with_o other_o force_n which_o he_o find_v in_o the_o province_n he_o go_v speedy_o into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o aveugle_n arverni_n make_v a_o way_n over_o the_o hill_n geneve_n gebenna_n at_o such_o a_o time_n of_o the_o year_n as_o make_v it_o unpassable_a for_o any_o force_n have_v they_o not_o be_v lead_v by_o caesar_n only_o for_o this_o purpose_n to_o have_v it_o noise_v abroad_o that_o whereas_o vercingetorix_n and_o the_o arverni_n have_v principal_o undertake_v the_o quarrel_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o make_v the_o beginning_n of_o a_o new_a war_n caesar_z will_v first_o deal_v with_o they_o and_o lay_v the_o weight_n thereof_o upon_o their_o shoulder_n by_o call_v their_o fortune_n first_o in_o question_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v possess_v the_o world_n with_o a_o opinion_n of_o his_o presence_n in_o that_o country_n and_o draw_v vercingetorix_n back_o again_o to_o defend_v his_o state_n whilst_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n do_v slip_v to_o his_o army_n without_o suspicion_n or_o fear_n of_o peril_n for_o stay_v there_o no_o long_o then_o may_v serve_v to_o give_v a_o sufficient_a colour_n to_o that_o pretence_n and_o leave_v those_o force_n to_o execute_v the_o rest_n and_o to_o make_v good_a the_o secret_a of_o the_o project_n he_o convey_v himself_o to_o his_o army_n with_o such_o speed_n and_o celerity_n caesaris_fw-la as_o do_v verify_v the_o say_n of_o suetonius_n quod_fw-la persaepe_fw-la nuncios_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la praevenit_fw-la that_o he_o often_o outgo_v the_o ordinary_a messenger_n these_o blind_v and_o false_a intendment_n be_v of_o special_a use_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n and_o serve_v as_o well_o to_o get_v advantage_n upon_o a_o enemy_n as_o to_o clear_v a_o difficulty_n by_o cleanly_a evasion_n neither_o be_v a_o commander_n the_o less_o value_v for_o fine_a conveyance_n in_o military_a project_n but_o deserve_v rather_o great_a honour_n for_o add_v art_n unto_o valour_n and_o supplant_n the_o strength_n of_o opposition_n with_o the_o sleight_n of_o wit_n dolus_fw-la a_o virtus_fw-la quis_fw-la in_o host_n requirit_fw-la who_o look_v at_o fraud_n or_o valour_n in_o a_o foe_n have_v always_o be_v hold_v a_o principle_n among_o man_n of_o war_n and_o lisander_n his_o counsel_n be_v the_o same_o in_o effect_n that_o where_o the_o lion_n skin_n will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n there_o take_v the_o fox_n carbo_n speak_v it_o to_o the_o commendation_n of_o sylla_n that_o he_o have_v to_o do_v both_o with_o a_o lion_n and_o a_o fox_n but_o he_o fear_v more_o his_o fox_n pate_n then_o his_o lion_n skin_n it_o be_v report_v that_o hannibal_n excel_v all_o other_o of_o his_o time_n for_o abuse_v the_o enemy_n in_o matter_n of_o stratagem_n for_o he_o never_o make_v fight_v but_o with_o a_o addition_n of_o assistant_n support_v force_n with_o art_n and_o the_o fury_n of_o arm_n with_o the_o subtlety_n of_o wit_n of_o late_a time_n among_o other_o practice_n of_o this_o nature_n the_o treaty_n at_o ostend_n be_v most_o memorable_a entertain_v only_o to_o gain_v time_n that_o while_o speech_n of_o parley_n be_v continue_v and_o pledge_n deliver_v to_o the_o archduke_n albertus_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o such_o as_o be_v send_v into_o the_o town_n to_o capitulate_v with_o the_o general_n there_o may_v be_v time_n gain_v for_o the_o send_n in_o of_o such_o supply_n of_o man_n and_o munition_n as_o be_v want_v to_o make_v good_a the_o defence_n thereof_o which_o be_v no_o soon_o take_v in_o but_o the_o treaty_n prove_v a_o stratagem_n of_o war_n in_o these_o foil_n and_o trick_n of_o wit_n which_o at_o all_o time_n and_o in_o all_o age_n have_v be_v high_o esteem_v in_o man_n of_o war_n as_o special_a virtue_n beseem_v the_o condition_n of_o a_o great_a commander_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v how_o far_o a_o general_n may_v proceed_v in_o abuse_v a_o enemy_n by_o deed_n or_o word_n i_o can_v speak_v distinct_o to_o the_o question_n but_o sure_o i_o be_o that_o surena_n lieutenant_n general_a of_o the_o parthian_a army_n do_v his_o master_n good_a service_n in_o abuse_v crassus_n the_o roman_a general_n by_o fair_a promise_n or_o as_o plutarch_n say_v crassus_n by_o foul_a perjury_n till_o in_o the_o end_n he_o bring_v his_o head_n to_o be_v a_o actor_n in_o a_o tragedy_n albeit_o surena_n never_o deserve_v well_o of_o good_a report_n since_o that_o time_n howsoever_o man_n of_o civil_a society_n ought_v not_o to_o draw_v this_o into_o use_n from_o the_o example_n of_o soldier_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o profession_n of_o cut_v of_o throat_n and_o have_v no_o prescription_n but_o in_o extremity_n of_o war_n chap._n v._n vercingetorix_n besige_v gergovia_n caesar_n take_v in_o vellaunodunum_n and_o genabum_n this_o be_v know_v caesar_n vercingetorix_n bring_v back_o his_o army_n again_o into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o thence_o march_v to_o besiege_v gergovia_n a_o town_n hold_v by_o the_o boii_n who_o caesar_n have_v leave_v there_o after_o the_o helvetian_a war_n and_o give_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o town_n to_o the_o hedui_n which_o bring_v caesar_n into_o great_a perplexity_n whether_o he_o shall_v keep_v the_o legion_n in_o one_o place_n for_o that_o time_n of_o winter_n which_o remain_v and_o so_o suffer_v the_o stipendary_n of_o the_o hedui_n to_o be_v take_v and_o spoil_v whereby_o all_o gallia_n may_v take_v occasion_n to_o revolt_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o roman_n shall_v seem_v to_o afford_v no_o protection_n or_o countenance_n to_o their_o friend_n or_o otherwise_o draw_v his_o army_n out_o of_o their_o wintering-camp_n soon_o then_o be_v usual_a and_o thereby_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o difficulty_n of_o provision_n and_o carriage_n of_o corn_n notwithstanding_o it_o seem_v better_a and_o so_o he_o resolve_v rather_o to_o undergo_v all_o difficulty_n then_o by_o take_v such_o a_o scorn_n to_o loose_v the_o good_a will_n of_o all_o his_o follower_n and_o therefore_o
great_a fire_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o all_o part_n and_o although_o all_o man_n take_v it_o very_o grievous_o yet_o they_o propound_v this_o comfort_n unto_o themselves_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v defeat_v they_o shall_v quick_o recover_v their_o loss_n touch_v avaricum_n they_o dispute_v it_o in_o common_a council_n whether_o it_o shall_v be_v burn_v or_o defend_v the_o bituriges_n do_v prostrate_v themselves_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o all_o the_o gall_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v force_v to_o set_v on_o fire_n with_o their_o own_o hand_n the_o fair_a city_n in_o all_o gallia_n be_v both_o a_o ornament_n and_o a_o strength_n to_o their_o state_n they_o will_v easy_o defend_v it_o by_o the_o site_n of_o the_o place_n be_v encircle_v round_o about_o with_o a_o river_n and_o a_o bog_n and_o be_v accessible_a by_o one_o narrow_a passage_n only_o at_o length_n leave_v be_v grant_v they_o to_o keep_v it_o veâ—cingetorix_n at_o first_o dissuade_v they_o from_o it_o and_o afterward_o yield_v unto_o it_o move_v by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o the_o commiseration_n of_o the_o common_a multitude_n and_o so_o a_o fit_a garrison_n be_v choose_v to_o defend_v the_o town_n observation_n i_o have_v see_v a_o impreze_n with_o a_o circle_n it_o and_o a_o hand_n with_o a_o sharp_a stile_n point_v towards_o the_o centre_n with_o this_o motto_n hic_fw-la labour_n hoc_fw-la opus_fw-la this_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o work_n and_o labour_n signify_v thereby_o that_o albeit_o the_o area_n thereof_o be_v plain_o and_o distinct_o bound_v and_o the_o diameter_n of_o no_o great_a length_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o easy_a matter_n to_o find_v the_o centre_n which_o be_v the_o heart_n and_o chief_a part_n of_o that_o figure_n in_o like_a manner_n there_o be_v no_o business_n or_o other_o course_n so_o easy_a or_o plain_a but_o the_o centre_n may_v be_v mistake_v and_o the_o difficulty_n common_o rest_v in_o hit_v that_o point_n which_o give_v the_o circumference_n a_o equal_a and_o regular_a motion_n the_o gall_n be_v resolve_v to_o undertake_v the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n and_o to_o redeem_v their_o liberty_n with_o the_o hazard_n of_o their_o life_n but_o it_o seem_v they_o be_v mistake_v in_o the_o mean_n and_o run_v a_o course_n far_o short_a of_o the_o centre_n for_o vercingetorix_n perceive_v the_o roman_n daily_o to_o get_v upon_o the_o gall_n first_o by_o take_v in_o one_o town_n second_o another_o and_o last_o of_o a_o three_o he_o advise_v they_o to_o set_v on_o fire_n all_o the_o country_n house_n village_n and_o town_n for_o a_o great_a circuit_n round_o about_o and_o so_o force_v the_o roman_n to_o fetch_v their_o forage_n and_o provision_n far_o off_o and_o undergo_v the_o difficulty_n of_o long_a convoy_n whereby_o the_o gall_n may_v make_v use_n of_o their_o multitude_n of_o horse_n and_o keep_v the_o roman_n without_o supply_n of_o necessary_a provision_n and_o so_o they_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o give_v a_o speedy_a end_n to_o that_o war_n and_o this_o hâ—_n take_v to_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o that_o business_n and_o the_o true_a use_n of_o their_o advantage_n polybius_n write_v 4._o that_o m._n regulus_n have_v divers_a time_n overthrow_v the_o carthaginian_n in_o battle_n one_o xantippus_n a_o lacedaemonian_a clear_o perceive_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o often_o rout_n begin_v open_o to_o say_v that_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v not_o overthrow_v by_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o by_o their_o own_o ignorance_n for_o they_o exceed_v the_o roman_n in_o horse_n and_o elephant_n have_v neglect_v to_o fight_v in_o the_o champain_n where_o their_o cavalry_n may_v show_v itself_o but_o in_o hill_n and_o woody_a place_n where_o the_o foot_n troop_n be_v of_o more_o force_n and_o so_o the_o roman_n have_v the_o advantage_n whereby_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o war_n be_v change_v and_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o preguant_n greek_n bring_v from_o the_o hill_n into_o the_o level_n of_o the_o plain_a the_o carthaginian_n recover_v all_o their_o former_a loss_n by_o one_o absolute_a victory_n in_o like_a manner_n hannibal_n find_v himself_o to_o exceed_v the_o roman_n in_o strength_n of_o cavalry_n do_v always_o endeavour_v to_o affront_v they_o in_o open_a and_o champain_n country_n and_o as_o often_o as_o the_o roman_n dare_v meet_v he_o fabius_n he_o put_v they_o to_o the_o worse_o but_o fabius_n perceive_v the_o disadvantage_n keep_v himself_o always_o upon_o the_o hill_n and_o in_o covert_n and_o uneven_a place_n and_o so_o make_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n equal_v the_o multitude_n of_o the_o enemy_n horseman_n there_o be_v no_o great_a scorn_n can_v touch_v a_o man_n of_o reputation_n and_o place_n then_o to_o be_v think_v not_o to_o understand_v his_o own_o business_n for_o as_o wisdom_n be_v the_o excellency_n of_o humane_a nature_n so_o do_v want_n of_o judgement_n deject_v man_n to_o the_o condition_n of_o such_o as_o aristotle_n call_v servant_n by_o nature_n 〈◊〉_d who_o wit_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o support_v any_o weight_n 1_o do_v recompense_v that_o want_n with_o the_o service_n of_o their_o body_n and_o be_v whole_o employ_v in_o a_o porter_n occupation_n 10._o which_o homer_n lay_v upon_o diomedes_z shoulder_n with_o as_o fine_a conveyance_n as_o he_o do_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o invention_n for_o ulysses_n and_o he_o go_v out_o on_o a_o party_n to_o do_v some_o exploit_n upon_o the_o trojan_n they_o carry_v themselves_o so_o gallant_o that_o they_o fall_v to_o share_v king_n rhesus_n chariot_n and_o horse_n ulysses_z present_o seize_v upon_o the_o horse_n be_v of_o a_o delicate_a thracian_a breed_n and_o diomedes_n seem_v well_o content_v with_o the_o chariot_n but_o be_v to_o carry_v it_o away_o pallas_n advise_v he_o to_o let_v it_o alone_o lest_o he_o may_v prove_v his_o strength_n to_o be_v great_a than_o his_o wit_n and_o yet_o not_o find_v so_o much_o neither_o as_o will_v carry_v it_o away_o but_o for_o these_o direction_n which_o vercingetorix_n give_v unto_o the_o gall_n i_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o history_n wherein_o he_o shall_v find_v how_o they_o prevail_v chap._n viii_o caesar_n besiege_v avaricum_n and_o be_v distress_v for_o want_n of_o corn_n vercingetorix_n follow_v caesar_n by_o small_a and_o easy_a journey_n caesar_n and_o choose_v a_o place_n to_o incamp_v in_o fortify_v about_o with_o bog_n and_o wood_n fifteen_o mile_n distant_a from_o avaricum_n where_o he_o understand_v what_o be_v do_v at_o avaricum_n every_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n and_o command_v likewise_o what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v he_o observe_v all_o our_o forage_n and_o harve_v and_o do_v set_v upon_o such_o as_o go_v far_o off_o upon_o any_o such_o occasion_n and_o encumber_v they_o with_o great_a inconvenience_n albeit_o they_o take_v what_o course_n they_o can_v to_o meet_v with_o it_o as_o to_o go_v out_o at_o uncertain_a time_n and_o by_o unknown_a and_o unusual_a way_n caesar_n encamp_v himself_o before_o that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v not_o shut_v in_o with_o the_o river_n nor_o the_o bog_n and_o afford_v but_o a_o narrow_a and_o straight_a passage_n begin_v to_o make_v a_o mount_n to_o drive_v vine_n and_o to_o raise_v two_o tower_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o enclose_v it_o round_o about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n and_o never_o rest_v to_o admonish_v the_o hedui_n and_o the_o boii_n to_o bring_v in_o supply_n of_o corn_n of_o who_o the_o one_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o small_a care_n and_o pain_n they_o take_v do_v little_o help_v he_o the_o other_o of_o no_o great_a ability_n be_v a_o small_a and_o a_o weak_a state_n do_v quick_o consume_v all_o that_o they_o have_v the_o army_n be_v distress_v for_o want_v of_o corn_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o the_o boii_n and_o the_o indiligence_n of_o the_o hedui_n together_o with_o the_o burn_a of_o the_o house_n in_o the_o country_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o they_o want_v corn_n for_o many_o day_n together_o and_o sustain_v their_o life_n with_o beast_n and_o cattle_n which_o they_o have_v fetch_v a_o great_a way_n off_o and_o yet_o no_o one_o voice_n at_o all_o be_v hear_v to_o come_v from_o they_o unworthy_a the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o their_o former_a victory_n and_o whenas_o caesar_n do_v speak_v unto_o the_o legion_n several_o as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o work_n that_o if_o their_o want_n be_v heavy_a and_o bitter_a unto_o they_o he_o will_v leave_v off_o the_o siege_n all_o of_o they_o with_o one_o voice_n desire_v he_o not_o to_o do_v so_o for_o since_o they_o have_v so_o serve_v many_o year_n under_o his_o command_n as_o they_o never_o have_v receive_v any_o dishonour_n neither_o have_v
therefore_o they_o may_v well_o go_v together_o to_o make_v a_o triplicity_n of_o evil_n according_a to_o the_o say_n ignis_fw-la mare_fw-la populus_fw-la tria_fw-la mala_fw-la fire_n the_o sea_n and_o the_o rabble_n multitude_n be_v three_o evil_n vercingetorix_n have_v both_o his_o hand_n full_a in_o this_o service_n for_o his_o care_n be_v no_o less_o to_o keep_v the_o gall_n from_o be_v distaste_v then_o to_o make_v his_o party_n good_a against_o caesar_n it_o be_v dispute_v touch_v the_o government_n of_o a_o multitude_n whether_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v severe_a or_o obsequious_a multitude_n tacitus_n say_v peremptory_o that_o in_o multitudine_fw-la regenda_fw-la plus_fw-la poena_fw-la quam_fw-la obsequium_fw-la valet_fw-la foul_a mean_n do_v more_o than_o fair_a to_o the_o govern_n of_o a_o multitude_n but_o he_o understand_v such_o a_o multitude_n as_o be_v subject_a to_o their_o commander_n either_o by_o ancient_a service_n or_o the_o interest_n of_o regal_a authority_n whereby_o they_o be_v tie_v to_o obedience_n by_o hereditary_a duty_n and_o can_v refuse_v that_o which_o custom_n prescribe_v for_o otherwise_o where_o the_o people_n stand_v free_a from_o such_o bond_n and_o have_v submit_v themselves_o to_o government_n for_o some_o special_a service_n there_o clemency_n or_o obsequious_a smooth_a prevail_v more_o than_o the_o severity_n of_o command_n according_a to_o the_o say_n homines_fw-la duci_fw-la volunt_fw-la non_fw-la cogi_fw-la man_n will_v be_v lead_v by_o fair_a mean_n not_o compel_v upon_o a_o dissension_n which_o happen_v at_o rome_n between_o the_o people_n and_o the_o senate_n the_o people_n be_v present_o send_v into_o the_o field_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o two_o senator_n quintius_n and_o appius_n claudius_n appius_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o cruelty_n and_o severity_n be_v not_o obey_v by_o his_o soldier_n but_o forsake_v his_o province_n and_o return_v non_fw-fr proficient_a they_o will_v do_v nothing_o quintius_n be_v courteous_a and_o benign_a have_v a_o obedient_a army_n and_o come_v home_o a_o conqueror_n in_o the_o like_a term_n do_v vercingetorix_n stand_v with_o the_o gall_n who_o not_o long_o before_o be_v all_o of_o equal_a authority_n and_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o common_a cause_n have_v submit_v themselves_o to_o order_n and_o government_n and_o therefore_o he_o carry_v himself_o according_o but_o with_o some_o cunning_n too_o for_o he_o make_v no_o scruple_n to_o abuse_v the_o beast_n and_o to_o present_v they_o with_o a_o lesson_n of_o deceit_n teach_v to_o servant_n and_o roman_a slave_n as_o the_o confession_n of_o legionarie_a soldier_n which_o be_v a_o liberty_n that_o have_v ever_o be_v allow_v to_o such_o as_o have_v the_o manage_n of_o a_o unruly_a multitude_n who_o have_v make_v as_o much_o use_n of_o the_o false_a rein_n as_o the_o bit_n or_o the_o spur_n or_o any_o other_o help_v belong_v to_o that_o art_n chap._n xi_o caesar_n continue_v the_o siege_n at_o avaricum_n and_o describe_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n in_o gallia_n by_o the_o singular_a valour_n of_o our_o soldier_n all_o the_o counsel_n and_o device_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v make_v void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_n caesar_n for_o they_o be_v a_o nation_n of_o great_a dexterity_n apt_a to_o imitate_v and_o make_v any_o thing_n which_o they_o see_v other_o man_n do_v before_o they_o for_o they_o turn_v aside_o the_o hook_n with_o rope_n and_o draw_v they_o into_o the_o town_n with_o engine_n they_o withdraw_v the_o earth_n from_o the_o mount_n with_o mine_n with_o their_o great_a skill_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o iron_n mine_n wherein_o they_o be_v much_o practise_v they_o set_v up_o tower_n upon_o every_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o cover_v they_o with_o raw_a hide_n they_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o town_n night_n and_o day_n and_o either_o set_a fire_n to_o the_o mount_n or_o assault_v the_o soldier_n as_o they_o be_v at_o work_n they_o do_v every_o day_n make_v their_o tower_n equal_a to_o that_o height_n of_o our_o tower_n which_o the_o daily_a increase_n of_o the_o mount_n have_v add_v to_o their_o height_n they_o hinder_v the_o open_a trench_n and_o keep_v they_o from_o approach_v the_o wall_n with_o sharp_a burn_a stake_n cast_v into_o they_o with_o hot_a pitch_n and_o with_o great_a stone_n all_o their_o wall_n be_v almost_o of_o this_o fashion_n long_o strait_a beam_n be_v place_v upon_o the_o ground_n with_o a_o equal_a distance_n of_o two_o foot_n one_o from_o another_o and_o bind_v together_o on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o fasten_v with_o great_a store_n of_o earth_n the_o distance_n between_o the_o beam_n be_v fill_v and_o fit_v with_o great_a stone_n in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o wall_n these_o be_v thus_o place_v and_o fasten_v with_o mortar_n another_o such_o a_o course_n be_v lay_v upon_o that_o keep_v always_o the_o same_o distance_n so_o as_o one_o beam_n be_v not_o lay_v upon_o another_o but_o in_o the_o second_o rank_n place_v they_o upon_o the_o distance_n fill_v up_o with_o stone_n and_o so_o forward_o until_o the_o wall_n be_v raise_v to_o the_o due_a height_n this_o fashion_n as_o it_o be_v a_o work_n not_o deform_v either_o in_o show_n or_o variety_n observe_v alternate_a course_n of_o beam_n and_o stone_n which_o keep_v their_o order_n by_o even_a line_n so_o be_v it_o profitable_a also_o and_o very_o much_o advantage_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n for_o as_o the_o stone_n keep_v it_o from_o burn_a so_o do_v the_o wood_n from_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o ram_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o beam_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n forty_o foot_n long_o and_o can_v neither_o be_v break_v nor_o pull_v out_o the_o first_o observation_n this_o chapter_n do_v in_o some_o part_n express_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o siege_n in_o ancient_a time_n town_n and_o the_o mean_n which_o the_o defendant_n have_v to_o frustrate_v the_o assault_n and_o approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n beside_o the_o ram_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v to_o shake_v and_o overthrow_v the_o wall_n whereof_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v they_o have_v common_o great_a hook_n of_o iron_n to_o catch_v hold_n of_o a_o turret_n and_o to_o pull_v it_o over_o the_o wall_n or_o to_o pull_v down_o the_o parapet_n or_o to_o disturb_v any_o work_n which_o be_v to_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o wall_n these_o hook_n be_v use_v by_o the_o legionary_a soldier_n be_v cover_v with_o vine_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o handle_v the_o ram_n and_o be_v avert_v and_o put_v off_o by_o the_o ingenious_a practice_n of_o the_o gall_n with_o rope_n cast_v and_o ensnare_v about_o they_o and_o then_o by_o force_n of_o engine_n draw_v into_o the_o town_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o open_a trench_n by_o which_o the_o roman_n make_v their_o approach_n to_o the_o wall_n be_v answer_v from_o the_o town_n with_o stake_n or_o pile_n harden_v at_o the_o end_n with_o fire_n and_o then_o cast_v into_o they_o to_o hinder_v such_o as_o be_v at_o work_n together_o with_o seethe_a pitch_n and_o great_a stone_n furthermore_o as_o the_o roman_n raise_v their_o mount_n and_o bring_v matter_n unto_o it_o to_o enlarge_v it_o in_o breadth_n and_o height_n so_o do_v the_o gall_n undermine_v it_o and_o draw_v the_o earth_n away_o or_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n to_o burn_v it_o for_o as_o i_o have_v already_o note_v in_o the_o description_n of_o a_o mount_n it_o be_v make_v as_o well_o with_o wood_n and_o timber_n as_o with_o earth_n and_o stone_n they_o strengthen_v their_o wall_n with_o turret_n and_o tower_n and_o cover_v they_o with_o raw_a hide_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o burn_a and_o as_o the_o roman_n mount_v in_o height_n with_o their_o turret_n and_o engine_n so_o the_o gall_n raise_v their_o tower_n answerable_a unto_o they_o that_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n they_o may_v sight_v with_o equal_a advantage_n and_o thus_o they_o proceed_v both_o in_o the_o offensive_a and_o defensive_a part_n as_o far_o as_o either_o valour_n or_o wit_n can_v improve_v those_o mean_n which_o be_v then_o in_o use_n in_o besiege_v a_o town_n the_o second_o observation_n it_o be_v the_o use_n of_o all_o nation_n to_o fortify_v their_o strong_a town_n with_o such_o wall_n as_o may_v make_v best_a defence_n against_o the_o practice_n of_o those_o time_n wherein_o they_o live_v touch_v the_o take_n and_o besiege_v of_o town_n so_o the_o gall_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o caesar_n raise_v their_o wall_n of_o wood_n and_o stone_n lay_v in_o mutual_a course_n one_o with_o another_o that_o the_o wood_n may_v make_v void_a the_o violence_n of_o the_o ram_n and_o the_o stone_n keep_v it_o from_o burn_v with_o fire_n day_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v the_o mean_n to_o assault_v and_o overthrow_v a_o wall_n in_o these_o time_n the_o wall_n of_o strong_a and_o fortify_v town_n be_v only_o make_v
and_o raise_v of_o earth_n as_o the_o best_a defence_n against_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o artillery_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o old_a manner_n of_o fortification_n be_v here_o in_o part_n deliver_v by_o caesar_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o have_v a_o word_n or_o two_o touch_v the_o fortification_n of_o these_o time_n and_o first_o touch_v the_o art_n itself_o define_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o manner_n it_o be_v a_o member_n of_o architecture_n but_o the_o end_n be_v military_a for_o to_o fortify_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o make_v a_o building_n answerable_a to_o necessity_n and_o the_o occurrence_n of_o war_n neither_o be_v it_o the_o end_n of_o fortification_n to_o make_v a_o place_n inexpugnable_a or_o unpossible_a to_o be_v take_v for_o so_o it_o be_v ars_fw-la artium_fw-la but_o to_o reduce_v it_o to_o a_o good_a and_o reasonable_a defence_n wheresoever_o then_o any_o such_o defence_n be_v require_v the_o mystery_n of_o fortification_n be_v to_o raise_v such_o a_o fort_n and_o to_o apply_v such_o a_o figure_n answer_v the_o quality_n and_o site_n of_o that_o place_n as_o may_v give_v great_a strength_n thereunto_o for_o as_o all_o place_n be_v not_o capable_a in_o the_o disposition_n of_o their_o best_a strength_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o figure_n so_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n of_o strength_n between_o this_o and_o that_o figure_n and_o as_o the_o place_n want_v the_o advantage_n of_o motion_n and_o agility_n for_o its_o own_o defence_n so_o be_v it_o requisite_a it_o shall_v be_v furnish_v with_o the_o best_a mean_n and_o commodity_n both_o to_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n and_o to_o defend_v its_o own_o people_n fort_n and_o in_o that_o respect_n all_o circular_a form_n as_o compound_v of_o part_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o nature_n be_v unfit_a for_o fortification_n for_o where_o a_o fort_n ought_v so_o to_o be_v dispose_v that_o it_o may_v have_v as_o many_o hand_n to_o strike_v as_o briarâ—us_n and_o as_o a_o hydra_n never_o to_o want_v a_o head_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o figure_n thereof_o be_v of_o different_a and_o unlike_a part_n as_o apt_a to_o work_v divers_a effect_n for_o unless_o it_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v a_o far_o off_o to_o command_v the_o country_n about_o as_o far_o as_o the_o artillery_n will_v play_v to_o stop_v the_o passage_n to_o hinder_v approach_n and_o assault_n to_o damnify_v the_o enemy_n at_o hand_n and_o far_o off_o sometime_o with_o the_o artillery_n sometime_o with_o small_a shot_n sometime_o with_o firework_n and_o other_o time_n by_o sally_n it_o have_v not_o that_o perfection_n as_o be_v requisite_a admit_v therefore_o composition_n of_o part_n fort_n next_o unto_o the_o circle_n the_o triangular_a fortress_n be_v most_o unperfect_a first_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v a_o figure_n of_o less_o capacity_n than_o any_o other_o of_o equal_a bound_n which_o be_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n in_o a_o hold_n when_o the_o soldier_n shall_v be_v pin_v up_o for_o want_n of_o room_n and_o through_o the_o straightness_n of_o the_o place_n not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o avoid_v confusion_n second_o the_o bulwark_n of_o all_o such_o triangular_a fortress_n have_v always_o such_o sharp_a canton_n as_o be_v easy_o subject_a to_o break_v which_o give_v the_o enemy_n mean_v to_o approach_v they_o without_o disturbance_n from_o the_o fort_n the_o quadrangle_n fortress_n have_v almost_o the_o same_o imperfection_n of_o angle_n as_o the_o triangle_n have_v fort_n but_o be_v more_o spacious_a within_o and_o of_o great_a capacity_n and_o therefore_o pentagon_n or_o hexagon_n fortress_n or_o any_o other_o that_o have_v more_o angle_n be_v fit_a for_o fortification_n understand_v the_o place_n to_o be_v capable_a of_o they_o as_o be_v of_o a_o great_a content_n and_o have_v their_o angle_n more_o obtuse_a and_o by_o consequence_n more_o solid_a and_o strong_a a_o plain_a champain_n level_a do_v admit_v all_o sort_n of_o figure_n level_n and_o may_v take_v the_o best_a have_v these_o advantage_n advantage_n it_o easy_o hinder_v a_o enemy_n from_o approach_v near_o unto_o it_o or_o encamp_v before_o it_o and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o mine_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o water_n rise_v in_o such_o level_v but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n disadvantage_n a_o small_a troup_n will_v besiege_v it_o and_o battery_n may_v be_v lay_v to_o divers_a place_n of_o it_o it_o be_v always_o subject_a to_o mount_v of_o earth_n and_o need_v many_o bulwark_n â—ditches_n and_o much_o cost_n to_o keep_v it_o a_o fortress_n upon_o a_o hill_n have_v these_o advantage_n hill_n a_o enemy_n can_v hardly_o lodge_v near_o unto_o it_o advantage_n or_o lay_v battery_n against_o it_o it_o require_v more_o man_n to_o besiege_v it_o disadvantage_n and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o mount_n the_o disadvantage_n be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o our_o choice_n to_o make_v it_o in_o the_o best_a form_n of_o strength_n but_o must_v give_v it_o such_o a_o figure_n as_o may_v best_o fit_v the_o place_n be_v sometime_o too_o large_a and_o spacious_a and_o sometime_o too_o straight_o the_o enemy_n artillery_n have_v great_a force_n against_o it_o play_v upward_o and_o the_o artillery_n of_o the_o fort_n play_v not_o so_o sure_o downward_o the_o hand_n of_o all_o fort_n be_v the_o bulwark_n from_o whence_o the_o artillery_n play_v fort_n the_o supplement_n to_o the_o bulwark_n be_v the_o ravelin_n the_o platform_n the_o casmate_n and_o the_o cavalero_n the_o wall_n be_v make_v in_o scarp_n cant_v inward_o the_o better_a to_o bear_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o this_o proportion_n that_o to_o every_o five_o foot_n and_o half_a or_o six_o foot_n in_o height_n there_o be_v one_o foot_n allow_v in_o scarp_n the_o counterscarp_n be_v another_o wall_n outward_a to_o the_o first_o and_o stope_v inward_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o former_a and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o general_a view_n of_o fortification_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o may_v well_o be_v comprehend_v in_o these_o short_a observation_n reserve_v the_o further_a consideration_n thereof_o to_o a_o particular_a treatise_n by_o itself_o chap._n xii_o the_o siege_n of_o avaricum_n continue_v the_o siege_n be_v hinder_v by_o so_o many_o disturbance_n caesar_n and_o the_o soldier_n afflict_v all_o the_o time_n with_o cold_a and_o continual_a rain_n yet_o they_o overcome_v all_o these_o let_n with_o continual_a labour_n and_o in_o five_o and_o twenty_o day_n they_o raise_v a_o mount_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o fourscore_o in_o height_n when_o it_o come_v almost_o to_o touch_v the_o wall_n caesar_n himself_o attend_v the_o work_n as_o his_o custom_n be_v and_o encourage_v the_o soldier_n to_o omit_v no_o time_n from_o the_o same_o a_o little_a before_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n the_o mount_n be_v see_v to_o smoke_n the_o enemy_n have_v set_v it_o on_o fire_n with_o a_o i_o and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n of_o time_n a_o shout_n be_v take_v up_o by_o they_o that_o stand_v upon_o the_o wall_n they_o make_v a_o sally_n out_o at_o two_o gate_n on_o both_o side_n the_o tower_n some_o cast_a firebrand_n and_o dry_a matter_n from_o the_o wall_n unto_o the_o mount_n pour_v pitch_n and_o other_o thing_n to_o nourish_v the_o fire_n that_o no_o man_n know_v whither_o to_o run_v first_o or_o where_o to_o give_v help_n notwithstanding_o forasmuch_o as_o caesar_n have_v appoint_v two_o legion_n by_o turn_n to_o watch_v before_o the_o camp_n and_o two_o other_o to_o follow_v the_o work_n it_o happen_v and_o that_o quick_o that_o some_o be_v ready_a to_o confront_v the_o sally_n and_o other_o to_o draw_v back_o the_o tower_n from_o the_o front_n of_o the_o mount_n and_o to_o cut_v the_o mount_n asunder_o the_o whole_a multitude_n come_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n to_o quench_v the_o fire_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o night_n be_v now_o spend_v the_o fight_n continue_v every_o where_o and_o ever_o the_o enemy_n take_v new_a spirit_n and_o have_v hope_n of_o victory_n the_o rather_o because_o they_o see_v the_o shed_v or_o hovel_n belong_v to_o the_o tower_n burn_v and_o that_o the_o soldier_n can_v not_o come_v near_o the_o say_a tower_n to_o manage_v they_o as_o be_v fit_v without_o shelter_n and_o covert_n and_o that_o they_o ever_o send_v fresh_a man_n to_o take_v the_o room_n of_o such_o as_o be_v weary_a and_o over-laboured_n suppose_v the_o safety_n of_o all_o gallia_n to_o consist_v in_o that_o instant_n of_o time_n there_o happen_v ourselves_o behold_v it_o a_o accident_n worthy_a memory_n which_o i_o think_v not_o fit_a to_o omit_v a_o certain_a gall_n before_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o town_n cast_v with_o his_o hand_n ball_n of_o tallow_n and_o pitch_n to_o increase_v the_o fire_n right_o over_o against_o the_o tower_n be_v shoot_v through_o the_o right_a side_n
enemy_n this_o speech_n be_v not_o unpleasing_a to_o the_o gall_n and_o the_o rather_o that_o he_o himself_o be_v not_o deject_v in_o spirit_n upon_o so_o great_a a_o loss_n nor_o do_v hide_v himself_o or_o fly_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o multitude_n be_v the_o more_o esteem_v forasmuch_o as_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v in_o question_n he_o first_o think_v it_o fit_a that_o avaricum_n shall_v be_v burn_v and_o afterward_o he_o persuade_v they_o to_o forsake_v it_o wherein_o as_o misfortune_n and_o adversity_n do_v impair_v the_o authority_n of_o other_o commander_n so_o contrariwise_o his_o honour_n daily_o increase_v by_o the_o loss_n which_o he_o receive_v and_o withal_o they_o be_v in_o great_a hope_n upon_o his_o affirmation_n to_o win_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n unto_o they_o and_o that_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o the_o gall_n begin_v to_o fortify_v their_o camp_n be_v so_o appall_v in_o spirit_n that_o where_o they_o ever_o be_v unaccustomed_a to_o labour_v yet_o they_o think_v it_o their_o part_n to_o suffer_v and_o undergo_v all_o that_o be_v command_v they_o the_o first_o observation_n next_o to_o the_o knowledge_n and_o experience_n of_o war_n courage_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o requisite_a in_o a_o great_a commander_n than_o greatness_n of_o spirit_n for_o where_o his_o employment_n consist_v in_o manage_v the_o great_a business_n of_o the_o world_n such_o as_o be_v the_o slaughter_n of_o many_o thousand_o in_o a_o hour_n the_o sack_n of_o city_n the_o fight_v of_o battle_n the_o alteration_n of_o commonweal_n victory_n triumph_n and_o the_o conquest_n of_o kingdom_n which_o like_o the_o constellation_n in_o the_o eight_o sphere_n be_v leave_v to_o succeed_a age_n in_o such_o character_n as_o can_v be_v deface_v and_o make_v a_o impression_n of_o the_o great_a measure_n of_o joy_n or_o the_o great_a heap_n of_o sorrow_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o his_o courage_n be_v answerable_a to_o such_o a_o fortune_n neither_o to_o be_v crush_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o adversity_n nor_o puff_v up_o with_o the_o pride_n of_o victory_n but_o in_o all_o time_n to_o show_v the_o same_o constancy_n of_o mind_n and_o to_o temper_v extremity_n with_o a_o settle_a resolution_n of_o this_o metal_n and_o temper_n quadratus_fw-la be_v the_o philosopher_n homo_fw-la quadratus_fw-la make_v of_o such_o as_o camillus_n be_v in_o rome_n for_o never_o speech_n do_v better_o beseem_v a_o great_a personage_n then_o that_o of_o he_o have_v know_v both_o the_o favour_n and_o the_o disgrace_n of_o fortune_n nec_fw-la mihi_fw-la dictatura_fw-la animos_fw-la fecit_fw-la necexilium_fw-la ademit_fw-la neither_o do_v my_o dictatorship_n puff_v i_o up_o nor_o my_o banishment_n sink_v my_o spirit_n say_v he_o whereas_o weak_a spirit_n do_v either_o vanish_v away_o in_o the_o smoke_n of_o folly_n be_v drink_v with_o the_o joy_n of_o please_a fortune_n or_o otherwise_o upon_o a_o change_n of_o good_a time_n do_v become_v more_o base_a and_o abject_a than_o the_o thief_n that_o be_v take_v in_o the_o fact_n such_o as_o perseus_n the_o last_o macedonian_a king_n be_v aemilia_n who_o beside_o his_o ill_a fortune_n for_o lose_v his_o kingdom_n in_o the_o space_n of_o one_o hour_n have_v ever_o since_o stand_v attaint_v of_o a_o base_a and_o abject_a mind_n unworthy_a the_o throne_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a the_o wise_a roman_n use_v all_o mean_n to_o give_v courage_n and_o spirit_n to_o their_o leader_n and_o to_o free_v their_o mind_n from_o such_o external_a respect_n which_o loss_n or_o dishonour_n may_v cast_v upon_o they_o and_o therefore_o when_o varro_n have_v fight_v so_o rash_o at_o cannae_n that_o he_o have_v like_a to_o have_v lose_v the_o roman_a empire_n to_o annibal_n plutarch_n upon_o his_o return_n to_o rome_n the_o whole_a senate_n go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o although_o they_o can_v not_o thank_v he_o for_o the_o battle_n yet_o they_o give_v he_o thanks_o that_o he_o be_v return_v home_o again_o whereby_o he_o seem_v not_o to_o despair_v of_o the_o state_n of_o rome_n in_o like_a manner_n do_v the_o gall_n congratulate_v vercingetorix_n that_o notwithstanding_o so_o great_a a_o loss_n he_o be_v neither_o deject_v in_o spirit_n nor_o do_v hide_v himself_o from_o the_o multitude_n but_o as_o a_o commander_n of_o high_a resolution_n have_v find_v out_o mean_n to_o heal_v those_o harm_n and_o to_o recompense_v the_o loss_n of_o aâ—arâ—cum_n with_o the_o unite_n of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n into_o one_o confederacy_n the_o second_o observation_n second_o we_o may_v observe_v how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o a_o counsel_n touch_v any_o important_a or_o grave_a deliberation_n state_n or_o to_o lay_v down_o any_o project_n for_o the_o service_n of_o a_o state_n for_o all_o man_n be_v blind_a in_o this_o point_n that_o they_o judge_v of_o good_a or_o ill_a counsel_n by_o the_o success_n and_o look_v no_o further_o than_o the_o end_n which_o it_o take_v which_o prove_v disastrous_a or_o unfortunate_a do_v either_o bring_v the_o author_n to_o destruction_n or_o into_o danger_n both_o of_o life_n and_o state_n in_o the_o occurrence_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o appear_v that_o henry_n the_o five_o be_v solicit_v by_o the_o commons_o touch_v the_o abbey_n in_o england_n and_o move_v by_o petition_n exhibit_v in_o parliament_n to_o that_o which_o be_v afterward_o accomplish_v by_o henry_n the_o eight_o be_v divert_v from_o those_o thought_n by_o a_o eloquent_a oration_n make_v in_o parliament_n by_o henry_n chicheley_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n holinshead_n a_o grave_n and_o learned_a prelate_n persuade_v the_o king_n by_o many_o conclude_a reason_n to_o carry_v a_o great_a power_n into_o france_n and_o there_o to_o make_v his_o claim_n for_o that_o kingdom_n according_a to_o the_o right_n derive_v unto_o he_o from_o his_o noble_a progenitor_n whereupon_o the_o king_n be_v persuade_v to_o undertake_v that_o war_n which_o alâ—_n 〈◊〉_d fall_v out_o most_o happy_o yet_o the_o bishop_n to_o satisfy_v both_o the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n for_o his_o former_a counsel_n whereby_o many_o man_n be_v lose_v build_v a_o college_n in_o oxford_n dedicate_v to_o all_o soul_n wherein_o 〈◊〉_d place_v courty_a scholar_n to_o make_v supplication_n for_o all_o soul_n and_o special_o for_o such_o as_o have_v be_v mischieve_v in_o france_n in_o the_o time_n of_o that_o war_n vercingetorix_n be_v happy_a in_o this_o point_n for_o he_o persuade_v the_o gall_n not_o to_o keep_v avaricum_n but_o to_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v burn_v as_o a_o enemy_n to_o their_o safety_n and_o thereupon_o he_o do_v not_o let_v to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o his_o opinion_n as_o free_a from_o the_o danger_n which_o happen_v to_o a_o great_a man_n near_o unto_o perseus_n who_o i_o last_o speak_v of_o who_o after_o his_o overthrow_n by_o paulus_n aemilius_n be_v tell_v by_o that_o party_n of_o many_o error_n which_o he_o have_v commit_v in_o the_o carriage_n of_o that_o war_n conciliant_fw-la turn_v himself_o sudden_o say_v traitor_n have_v thou_o reserve_v thy_o counsel_n until_o now_o when_o there_o be_v no_o remedy_n and_o therewithal_o as_o some_o report_n slay_v he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o this_o be_v it_o that_o give_v vercingetorix_n that_o happiness_n ut_fw-la reliquorum_fw-la imperatorum_fw-la res_fw-la adversae_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la minuunt_fw-la sic_fw-la huius_fw-la ex_fw-la contrario_fw-la dâ—gnitas_fw-la incommodo_fw-la accepto_fw-la indy_n augebatur_fw-la civ_o as_o misfortune_n and_o adversity_n etc._n etc._n as_o before_o chap._n xv._n vercingetorix_n labour_v to_o unite_v all_o gallia_n into_o one_o league_n for_o the_o uphold_v of_o their_o war_n neither_o do_v vercingetorix_n omit_v any_o endeavour_n for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o his_o promise_n caesar_n to_o draw_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n unto_o he_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o deal_v with_o their_o chief_a man_n both_o by_o reward_n and_o promise_n and_o choose_v out_o fit_a man_n that_o either_o by_o subtle_a speech_n or_o friendship_n or_o some_o other_o mean_n may_v win_v they_o unto_o he_o he_o take_v order_n that_o such_o as_o have_v escape_v from_o avaricum_n shall_v be_v both_o clothe_v and_o arm_v and_o withal_o that_o he_o may_v reinforce_v his_o troop_n which_o be_v weaken_v he_o command_v every_o state_n to_o furnish_v out_o certain_a supply_n and_o to_o be_v bring_v by_o a_o day_n to_o the_o camp_n he_o command_v likewise_o all_o the_o archer_n of_o who_o there_o be_v great_a store_n in_o gallia_n to_o be_v seek_v out_o and_o send_v unto_o he_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o speedy_o repair_v his_o loss_n at_o avaricum_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n teutomatus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o ollovico_n king_n of_o the_o nitiobrige_n who_o father_n have_v the_o title_n of_o a_o friend_n from_o our_o senate_n come_v to_o he_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o horseman_n which_o he_o
have_v bring_v out_o of_o aquitain_n observation_n it_o seem_v by_o this_o place_n archery_n that_o france_n in_o those_o day_n do_v favour_n archery_n for_o as_o the_o story_n say_v they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o archer_n among_o they_o but_o of_o what_o value_n they_o be_v be_v not_o here_o deliver_v the_o use_n they_o make_v of_o they_o follow_v after_o in_o this_o commentary_n which_o be_v to_o intermingle_v they_o among_o the_o horse_n and_o so_o they_o fight_v as_o light-armed_n man_n in_o the_o time_n that_o our_o english_a nation_n carry_v a_o scourge_v hand_n in_o france_n the_o matter_n between_o we_o and_o they_o touch_v archery_n stand_v in_o such_o term_n as_o give_v england_n great_a advantage_n for_o i_o have_v not_o hear_v of_o any_o bowman_n at_o all_o among_o they_o whereas_o our_o nation_n have_v heretofore_o excel_v all_o other_o as_o well_o in_o number_n of_o bowman_n as_o in_o excellent_a good_a shoot_v and_o have_v make_v so_o good_a proof_n thereof_o against_o the_o french_a as_o it_o need_v not_o any_o long_a dispute_n archery_n concern_v archery_n i_o find_v these_o thing_n considerable_a first_o that_o every_o man_n be_v so_o fit_v with_o bow_n and_o arrow_n head_n as_o he_o may_v be_v apt_a for_o strong_a and_o quick_a shoot_v wherein_o i_o can_v so_o much_o commend_v these_o livery_n bow_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n heavy_a slug_n and_o of_o great_a weight_n than_o strength_n and_o of_o more_o show_n than_o service_n second_o that_o in_o a_o day_n of_o service_n the_o bowman_n endeavour_v so_o to_o deliver_v their_o quiver_n that_o the_o whole_a band_n or_o sleeve_n of_o shot_n may_v let_v go_v all_o at_o one_o instant_a of_o time_n for_o so_o the_o shower_n of_o arrow_n will_v be_v more_o fierce_a and_o terrible_a and_o more_o available_a against_o a_o enemy_n three_o body_n the_o fit_a form_n of_o imbattel_v for_o bowman_n which_o must_v not_o at_o any_o hand_n be_v deep_a in_o slank_n for_o so_o such_o as_o be_v in_o the_o hindmost_a rank_n will_v either_o shoot_v short_a or_o to_o no_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o the_o fit_a form_n of_o imbattel_v for_o archery_n have_v ever_o be_v account_v a_o long-sided_a square_n resemble_v a_o hearse_n hearse_n broad_a in_o front_n and_o narrow_a in_o flank_n four_o their_o defance_n in_o a_o day_n of_o battle_n which_o must_v either_o be_v a_o covert_a woody_a place_n where_o the_o horse_n of_o the_o enemy_n can_v come_v at_o they_o or_o a_o trench_n cast_v before_o they_o or_o the_o place_n must_v be_v fortify_v with_o galthrop_n and_o stake_n such_o as_o be_v devise_v by_o henry_n the_o five_o at_o agincourt_n field_n or_o some_o other_o mean_n to_o avoid_v the_o cavalry_n the_o last_o thing_n be_v the_o effect_n which_o the_o bowman_n work_v holinshed_a which_o be_v two_o first_o the_o gall_v of_o the_o enemy_n effect_n and_o second_o disorder_n touch_v the_o gall_v of_o the_o enemy_n enemy_n there_o can_v be_v a_o better_a description_n then_o that_o which_o plutarch_n make_v of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o parthian_a arrow_n crassus_n the_o roman_a soldier_n hand_n say_v he_o be_v nail_v to_o their_o target_n disorder_n and_o their_o foot_n to_o the_o ground_n or_o otherwise_o be_v sore_o wound_v in_o their_o body_n and_o die_v of_o a_o cruel_a linger_a death_n cry_v out_o for_o anguish_n and_o pain_n they_o feel_v and_o turn_v &_o torment_v themselves_o upon_o the_o ground_n they_o break_v the_o arrow_n stick_v in_o they_o again_o strive_v by_o force_n to_o pluck_v out_o the_o barb_a head_n that_o have_v pierce_v far_o into_o their_o body_n through_o their_o vein_n and_o sinew_n they_o open_v the_o wound_n wide_a and_o so_o cast_v themselves_o away_o the_o disorder_n or_o rout_v of_o a_o enemy_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o bowman_n come_v from_o the_o fearful_a spectacle_n of_o a_o drift_n of_o arrow_n for_o a_o shower_n of_o arrow_n well_o deliver_v and_o well_o second_v for_o a_o while_o be_v so_o terrible_a to_o the_o eye_n and_o so_o dreadful_a in_o the_o success_n that_o it_o be_v almost_o unpossible_a to_o keep_v the_o enemy_n from_o rout_v the_o two_o great_a victory_n which_o our_o nation_n have_v in_o france_n at_o cressie_n and_o agincourt_n next_o to_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o english_a be_v attribute_v to_o our_o archery_n and_o the_o effect_n of_o our_o archery_n at_o those_o time_n be_v first_o disorder_n and_o consequent_o slaughter_n cressie_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o cressie_n the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n fight_v for_o the_o french_a cause_v his_o horseman_n to_o tie_v the_o bridle_n of_o their_o horse_n together_o in_o rank_n that_o they_o may_v keep_v order_n notwithstanding_o the_o gall_v which_o he_o fear_v from_o our_o english_a archery_n but_o it_o fall_v out_o as_o ill_a as_o if_o he_o have_v tie_v their_o head_n and_o their_o tail_n together_o in_o file_n for_o the_o drift_n of_o arrow_n fall_v so_o terrible_o among_o they_o that_o they_o run_v together_o on_o heap_n with_o such_o confusion_n as_o make_v the_o slaughter_n great_a and_o their_o particular_a destiny_n most_o miserable_o fortune_v agincourt_n at_o agincourt_n the_o number_n of_o prisoner_n which_o every_o soldier_n have_v be_v admirable_a to_o speak_v of_o for_o some_o report_n that_o many_o of_o our_o english_a have_v ten_o prisoner_n apiece_o which_o happen_v chief_o from_o the_o disorder_n which_o fall_v among_o the_o french_a and_o that_o disorder_n come_v by_o our_o archery_n and_o doubtless_o if_o ever_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o go_v against_o a_o enemy_n that_o so_o abound_v in_o horse_n as_o the_o french_a do_v there_o can_v be_v no_o better_a mean_n against_o such_o horse_n than_o our_o english_a bowman_n i_o know_v it_o have_v be_v say_v that_o now_o the_o time_n be_v alter_v musket_n and_o the_o harquebuse_n and_o musket_n be_v so_o general_o receive_v and_o of_o such_o reputation_n in_o the_o course_n of_o our_o modern_a war_n that_o in_o comparison_n of_o they_o bowman_n be_v not_o worth_a the_o name_n wherein_o i_o will_v not_o go_v about_o to_o extenuate_v the_o use_n of_o either_o of_o these_o weapon_n as_o know_v they_o to_o be_v both_o very_a serviceable_a upon_o fit_a and_o convenient_a occasion_n nor_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o determine_v which_o of_o they_o be_v most_o effectual_a in_o a_o day_n of_o service_n but_o only_o deliver_v my_o conceit_n touch_v their_o effect_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o wise_a and_o discreet_a commander_n and_o first_o touch_v shoot_v prevail_v a_o wing_n of_o musketeer_n be_v available_a against_o a_o enemy_n only_o in_o such_o bullet_n as_o do_v hit_v for_o such_o as_o do_v not_o hit_v pass_v away_o insensible_o without_o any_o further_a fear_n and_o the_o crack_n be_v but_o as_o the_o lose_v of_o the_o bow_n of_o such_o bullet_n as_o do_v hit_v the_o great_a part_n do_v not_o strike_v to_o death_n but_o be_v oftentimes_o carry_v until_o the_o skirmish_n be_v end_v before_o the_o party_n do_v feel_v himself_o hurt_v so_o that_o a_o enemy_n receive_v no_o further_a hurt_n by_o a_o charge_n of_o shot_n then_o happen_v to_o such_o particular_a man_n as_o shall_v chance_v to_o be_v slay_v outright_o or_o sore_o hurt_v enemy_n but_o a_o sleeve_n of_o archer_n be_v available_a against_o a_o enemy_n as_o well_o in_o such_o arrow_n as_o do_v not_o hit_v as_o in_o such_o as_o do_v hit_v for_o whereas_o the_o cloud_n of_o arrow_n be_v subject_a to_o our_o sight_n and_o every_o arrow_n be_v both_o suspect_v and_o able_a to_o bring_v death_n sit_v on_o the_o head_n a_o enemy_n be_v as_o much_o trouble_v at_o such_o arrow_n as_o come_v fair_a upon_o he_o and_o do_v not_o hit_v as_o at_o those_o that_o do_v hit_v for_o no_o man_n be_v willing_a to_o expose_v his_o flesh_n to_o a_o open_a and_o eminent_a danger_n when_o it_o lie_v in_o his_o power_n to_o avoid_v it_o and_o therefore_o while_o every_o man_n seek_v to_o avoid_v hurt_v they_o fall_v into_o such_o confusion_n as_o beside_o the_o loss_n of_o particular_a man_n the_o enemy_n do_v hardly_o escape_v disorder_n which_o be_v the_o great_a disadvantage_n that_o can_v befall_v he_o moreover_o the_o arrow_n have_v barb_a head_n although_o they_o make_v but_o a_o light_a hurt_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o easy_o pull_v out_o which_o make_v the_o soldier_n not_o to_o intend_v the_o fight_n until_o they_o be_v deliver_v of_o they_o and_o the_o horse_n so_o to_o fling_v and_o chafe_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a they_o shall_v either_o keep_v their_o rank_n or_o be_v otherwise_o manage_v for_o any_o service_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v bowman_n and_o archery_n which_o be_v a_o weapon_n as_o ancient_a as_o the_o first_o and_o true_a history_n 3._o and_o be_v of_o the_o number_n of_o such_o weapon_n as_o
man_n use_v to_o fight_v with_o afar_o off_o the_o use_n whereof_o be_v too_o much_o neglect_v by_o the_o english_a of_o these_o time_n consider_v the_o honour_n they_o have_v achieve_v by_o it_o in_o former_a age_n chap._n xvi_o a_o controversy_n fall_v out_o in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n touch_v the_o choice_n of_o their_o chief_a magistrate_n caesar_n staâ—ed_v many_o day_n at_o avaricum_n caesar_n for_o find_v there_o great_a store_n of_o corn_n and_o of_o other_o provision_n he_o refresh_v his_o army_n of_o their_o former_a labour_n and_o want_n the_o winter_n now_o be_v almost_o end_v and_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n be_v fit_a for_o war_n he_o determine_v to_o follow_v the_o enemy_n to_o see_v whether_o he_o can_v draw_v he_o out_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o bog_n or_o besiege_v he_o in_o some_o place_n be_v thus_o resolve_v divers_a of_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o hedui_n come_v unto_o he_o beseech_v he_o that_o he_o will_v stand_v to_o they_o and_o assist_v their_o state_n in_o a_o time_n of_o great_a need_n the_o matter_n be_v in_o extreme_a danger_n forasmuch_o as_o their_o ancient_a usage_n be_v for_o one_o to_o be_v create_v their_o annual_a magistrate_n have_v regal_a authority_n for_o that_o year_n whereas_o now_o two_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o say_a office_n both_o of_o they_o affirm_v themselves_o to_o belawful_o create_v the_o one_o be_v convictolitanis_n a_o famous_a and_o flourish_a young_a man_n the_o other_z cotus_n bear_v of_o a_o ancient_a family_n and_o he_o himself_o of_o great_a power_n and_o kindred_n who_o brother_n vedeliacus_n have_v bear_v the_o say_a office_n the_o year_n before_o all_o their_o state_n be_v in_o arm_n their_o senate_n and_o their_o people_n divide_v together_o with_o their_o client_n and_o follower_n if_o the_o controversy_n continue_v for_o any_o time_n it_o will_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n the_o prevention_n whereof_o consist_v in_o his_o diligence_n and_o authority_n caesar_n though_o he_o know_v it_o will_v be_v disadvantageous_a unto_o he_o to_o leave_v the_o war_n and_o to_o forsake_v the_o enemy_n yet_o know_v what_o inconvenience_n do_v usual_o arise_v of_o such_o discord_n and_o dissension_n lest_o so_o great_a a_o state_n and_o so_o near_o to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n which_o he_o himself_o have_v always_o favour_v and_o by_o all_o mean_v honour_v shall_v fall_v to_o war_n among_o themselves_o and_o that_o faction_n which_o disinherit_v their_o own_o strength_n shall_v seek_v help_n of_o vercingetorix_n he_o think_v it_o most_o necessary_a to_o be_v prevent_v and_o forasmuch_o as_o such_o as_o be_v create_v chief_a magistrate_n among_o the_o hedui_n be_v by_o their_o law_n forbid_v to_o go_v out_o of_o their_o confine_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o derogate_v any_o thing_n from_o their_o law_n he_o himself_o determine_v to_o go_v unto_o they_o at_o his_o come_n he_o call_v before_o he_o to_o decetia_n all_o the_o senate_n and_o those_o also_o that_o be_v in_o controversy_n for_o the_o office_n and_o find_v in_o a_o assembly_n almost_o of_o the_o whole_a state_n that_o one_o of_o they_o be_v choose_v by_o a_o few_o privy_o call_v together_o in_o another_o place_n and_o at_o another_o time_n than_o be_v accustom_v the_o brother_n pronounce_v the_o brother_n whereas_o their_o law_n do_v not_o only_o forbid_v two_o of_o one_o family_n both_o be_v alive_a to_o be_v create_v magistrate_n but_o also_o to_o be_v of_o the_o senate_n together_o he_o compel_v cotus_n to_o give_v over_o his_o interest_n in_o the_o magistracy_n and_o confirm_v convictolitanis_n be_v create_v by_o their_o priest_n and_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o state_n this_o decree_n be_v ratify_v he_o adhort_v the_o hedui_n to_o forget_v their_o private_a controversy_n and_o dissension_n and_o to_o give_v their_o best_a help_n to_o the_o war_n in_o hand_n wherein_o they_o may_v challenge_v and_o expect_v the_o gall_n be_v subdue_v such_o reward_n as_o they_o deserve_v command_v all_o their_o horse_n and_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n to_o be_v speedy_o send_v unto_o he_o which_o he_o mean_v to_o dispose_v into_o garrison_n for_o the_o better_a provision_n of_o corn_n and_o then_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o two_o part_n he_o send_v four_o legion_n towards_o the_o senones_n &_o the_o pariâ—ians_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o labienus_n the_o other_o four_o he_o lead_v himself_o against_o the_o arverni_n to_o the_o town_n of_o gergovia_n along_o the_o râ—ver_n elaver_n send_v part_n of_o the_o horse_n with_o he_o and_o keep_v part_n with_o himself_o observation_n to_o loose_v the_o least_o jot_n of_o that_o which_o a_o man_n have_v in_o possession_n tuerk_n be_v more_o dishonourable_a then_o to_o fail_v of_o get_v what_o he_o have_v not_o and_o therefore_o caesar_n choose_v rather_o to_o forgo_v the_o advantage_n which_o a_o speedy_a pursuit_n of_o the_o enemy_n may_v have_v afford_v he_o to_o the_o end_n of_o that_o war_n then_o to_o hazard_v the_o loss_n of_o so_o great_a a_o state_n &_o so_o well-affected_a to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n as_o be_v the_o hedui_n wherein_o he_o carry_v so_o equal_a and_o indifferent_a a_o hand_n that_o he_o will_v do_v nothing_o but_o what_o the_o law_n of_o that_o state_n direct_v he_o unto_o as_o most_o assure_v that_o such_o direction_n be_v without_o exception_n chap._n xvii_o caesar_n pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n elaver_n and_o incamp_v himself_o before_o gergovia_n which_o thing_n be_v know_v caesar_n vercingetorix_n have_v break_v down_o all_o the_o bridge_n of_o that_o river_n take_v his_o journey_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o elaver_n either_o army_n be_v in_o view_n each_o of_o other_o and_o encamp_v almost_o over_o against_o one_o another_o discoverer_n be_v send_v out_o to_o watch_v lest_o the_o roman_n shall_v make_v a_o bridge_n in_o any_o place_n and_o carry_v over_o their_o force_n caesar_n be_v much_o trouble_v lest_o he_o shall_v be_v hinder_v by_o the_o river_n the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o summer_n forasmuch_o as_o elaver_n be_v not_o passable_a at_o any_o ford_n until_o towards_o the_o autumn_n and_o therefore_o to_o prevent_v that_o he_o encamp_v himself_o in_o a_o woody_a place_n right_o over_o against_o one_o of_o those_o bridge_n which_o vercingetorix_n have_v command_v to_o be_v break_v the_o next_o day_n he_o keep_v himself_o there_o secret_o with_o two_o legion_n and_o send_v forward_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o force_n with_o all_o the_o carriage_n as_o be_v accustom_v take_v away_o the_o four_o part_n of_o each_o cohort_n that_o the_o number_n of_o legion_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v the_o same_o command_v they_o to_o go_v on_o as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v and_o make_v conjecture_n by_o the_o time_n of_o the_o day_n that_o they_o be_v come_v to_o their_o camping-place_n upon_o the_o same_o pile_n the_o low_a part_n whereof_o remain_v there_o whole_a he_o begin_v to_o reedify_v the_o bridge_n and_o have_v speedy_o end_v the_o work_n and_o carry_v over_o the_o legion_n and_o choose_v a_o fit_a place_n to_o encamp_v in_o he_o call_v back_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o force_n vercingetorix_n have_v notice_n thereof_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o fight_v against_o his_o will_n go_v before_o by_o great_a journey_n caesar_n with_o five_o encamp_n go_v from_o that_o place_n to_o gergovia_n and_o after_o a_o light_a skirmish_n between_o the_o horse_n the_o same_o day_n he_o come_v have_v take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v build_v upon_o a_o very_a high_a hill_n and_o have_v very_o hard_a and_o difficult_a approach_n on_o all_o side_n he_o despair_v of_o take_v it_o by_o assault_n neither_o will_v he_o determine_v to_o besiege_v it_o until_o he_o have_v make_v provision_n of_o corn_n but_o vercingetorix_n have_v set_v his_o camp_n on_o a_o hill_n before_o the_o town_n have_v place_v the_o several_a force_n of_o the_o state_n by_o themselves_o in_o small_a distance_n round_o about_o hâ—m_n and_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o top_n of_o that_o hill_n make_v a_o very_a terrible_a show_n into_o all_o part_n where_o he_o may_v be_v see_v he_o command_v likewise_o the_o chiefman_n of_o the_o state_n who_o he_o have_v choose_v out_o to_o be_v of_o the_o council_n of_o war_n to_o meet_v always_o together_o with_o hâ—m_n at_o the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n to_o know_v if_o any_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v communicate_v unto_o they_o or_o what_o else_o be_v to_o be_v do_v neither_o do_v he_o omit_v any_o day_n to_o skirmish_v with_o his_o horseman_n with_o archer_n intermingle_v among_o they_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v try_v what_o courage_n and_o valour_n be_v in_o his_o people_n right_o over_o against_o the_o town_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n there_o be_v
a_o knowl_n exceed_o fortify_v and_o hard_o to_o be_v come_v unto_o on_o all_o side_n which_o if_o our_o man_n can_v get_v they_o be_v in_o hope_n to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n both_o of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o water_n and_o also_o from_o free_a forage_n but_o the_o place_n be_v keep_v with_o a_o strong_a garrison_n notwithstanding_o caesar_n go_v out_o of_o his_o camp_n in_o the_o silence_n of_o the_o night_n and_o before_o any_o help_n can_v come_v out_o of_o the_o town_n he_o put_v by_o the_o garrison_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o place_n leave_v two_o legion_n there_o to_o defend_v it_o and_o draw_v a_o double_a trench_n of_o twelve_o foot_n in_o breadth_n from_o the_o great_a camp_n to_o the_o less_o that_o single_a man_n may_v go_v safe_a to_o and_o fro_o from_o any_o sudden_a incursion_n of_o the_o enemy_n observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v his_o manner_n of_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n elaver_n elaver_n without_o any_o impediment_n from_o the_o enemy_n notwithstanding_o the_o care_n which_o vercingetorix_n have_v to_o hinder_v his_o passage_n which_o be_v plot_v with_o as_o great_a dexterity_n as_o can_v be_v devise_v in_o such_o a_o matter_n and_o to_o shadow_v his_o purpose_n the_o better_a that_o the_o number_n of_o legion_n march_v up_o the_o river_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v the_o same_o he_o take_v the_o four_o part_n of_o every_o cohort_n which_o in_o the_o whole_a amount_v to_o two_o legion_n cohortibus_fw-la for_o as_o i_o have_v already_o deliver_v in_o my_o former_a observation_n a_o legion_n consist_v of_o ten_o cohort_n and_o every_o cohort_n contain_v three_o maniple_n and_o every_o maniple_n have_v two_o company_n which_o they_o call_v order_n so_o that_o every_o cohort_n have_v six_o company_n the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o cohort_n be_v a_o company_n and_o a_o half_a and_o in_o a_o legion_n come_v to_o fifteen_o company_n and_o in_o eight_o legion_n to_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o company_n which_o be_v reduce_v make_v threescore_o maniple_n which_o be_v equal_a to_o two_o legion_n and_o prove_v that_o which_o i_o have_v already_o note_v the_o fit_a and_o convenient_a disposition_n of_o their_o troop_n to_o take_v out_o at_o all_o time_n competent_a force_n for_o any_o service_n without_o seem_v to_o lessen_v any_o part_n second_o i_o observe_v the_o phrase_n which_o he_o use_v in_o this_o place_n quintis_n castris_fw-la gergoviam_fw-la pervenit_fw-la he_o come_v to_o gergovia_n at_o five_o encamp_n which_o imply_v their_o infallible_a custom_n of_o encamp_v every_o night_n within_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n for_o as_o we_o usual_o say_v that_o to_o such_o a_o place_n be_v so_o many_o day_n journey_n because_o a_o ordinary_a traveller_n make_v so_o many_o journey_n before_o he_o come_v thither_o so_o the_o roman_n reckon_v their_o journey_n with_o their_o army_n by_o their_o encamp_n which_o be_v as_o due_o keep_v as_o their_o journey_n and_o be_v the_o most_o signal_n part_v of_o their_o day_n journey_n chap._n xviii_o convictolitanis_n move_v the_o hedui_n to_o a_o revolt_n whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v a_o do_v at_o gergovia_n caesar_n convictolitanis_n the_o heduan_n to_o who_o the_o magistracy_n be_v adjudge_v by_o caesar_n be_v wrought_v upon_o by_o the_o arverni_n with_o money_n break_v the_o matter_n to_o certain_a young_a man_n among_o who_o litavicus_n be_v chief_a and_o his_o brethren_n be_v youth_n of_o a_o great_a house_n with_o they_o he_o treat_v at_o first_o and_o wish_v they_o to_o remember_v that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o bear_v freeman_n but_o also_o to_o empire_n and_o government_n the_o hedui_n be_v the_o only_a state_n which_o keep_v gallia_n from_o a_o most_o assure_a victory_n for_o by_o their_o authority_n and_o example_n the_o rest_n will_v be_v conclude_v which_o be_v fetch_v over_o there_o will_v be_v no_o place_n in_o gallia_n for_o the_o roman_n to_o abide_v in_o touch_v himself_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o good_a turn_n from_o caesar_n but_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o have_v but_o his_o right_n but_o he_o owe_v more_o to_o the_o common_a liberty_n for_o why_o shall_v the_o hedui_n rather_o dispute_v of_o their_o custom_n and_o law_n before_o caesar_n than_o the_o roman_n come_v before_o the_o hedui_n these_o young_a man_n be_v quick_o persuade_v as_o well_o by_o the_o speech_n of_o the_o magistrate_n as_o by_o reward_n insomuch_o as_o they_o offer_v themselves_o to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o that_o counsel_n but_o now_o the_o mean_n be_v to_o be_v think_v on_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o state_n will_v not_o easy_o be_v draw_v to_o undertake_v that_o war_n they_o determine_v at_o last_o that_o litavicus_n shall_v have_v the_o lead_n of_o those_o ten_o thousand_o man_n that_o be_v to_o be_v send_v to_o caesar_n and_o that_o his_o brethren_n shall_v be_v send_v before_o to_o caesar_n and_o conclude_v likewise_o in_o what_o sort_n they_o will_v have_v other_o thing_n carry_v litavicus_n have_v receive_v the_o army_n when_o he_o be_v about_o thirty_o mile_n from_o gergovia_n call_v the_o soldier_n sudden_o together_o and_o weep_v whither_o do_v we_o go_v say_v he_o fellow_n soldier_n all_o our_o horseman_n and_o our_o nobility_n be_v slay_v the_o prince_n of_o our_o state_n eporedorix_n and_o viridomarus_n be_v false_o accuse_v of_o treason_n be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o roman_n without_o call_v they_o to_o their_o answer_n understand_v these_o thing_n from_o they_o that_o be_v escape_v from_o the_o slaughter_n for_o i_o myself_o my_o brethren_n and_o kinsman_n be_v slay_v be_o hinder_v with_o grief_n from_o tell_v you_o what_o have_v happen_v present_o those_o be_v bring_v forth_o who_o he_o have_v teach_v beforehand_o what_o he_o will_v have_v say_v who_o verify_v to_o the_o multitude_n those_o thing_n which_o litavicus_n have_v speak_v that_o all_o the_o horseman_n of_o the_o hedui_n be_v slay_v forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v have_v speech_n with_o the_o arverni_n for_o themselves_o they_o be_v hide_v among_o the_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n and_o be_v escape_v out_o of_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o slaughter_n the_o hedui_n cry_v out_o all_o together_o and_o do_v beseech_v litavicus_n to_o look_v to_o himself_o and_o to_o they_o also_o as_o though_o say_v he_o the_o matter_n need_v any_o advice_n or_o counsel_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o we_o to_o go_v direct_o to_o gergovia_n and_o to_o join_v ourselves_o with_o the_o arverni_n for_o do_v we_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v begin_v so_o wicked_o will_v run_v present_o upon_o we_o to_o take_v away_o our_o life_n and_o therefore_o if_o there_o be_v any_o courage_n at_o all_o in_o we_o let_v we_o persecute_v their_o death_n that_o have_v perish_v so_o undeserved_o and_o let_v we_o kill_v these_o thief_n he_o show_v they_o divers_a roman_a citizen_n that_o be_v in_o the_o troop_n for_o safety_n of_o convoy_n and_o forthwith_o he_o seize_v upon_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n and_o other_o provision_n and_o torture_v they_o cruel_o to_o death_n he_o send_v out_o messenger_n throughout_o all_o the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n continue_v the_o same_o false_a suggestion_n touch_v the_o slaughter_n of_o the_o horseman_n and_o the_o prince_n persuade_v they_o to_o revenge_v their_o injury_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o he_o have_v do_v the_o first_o observation_n this_o treacherous_a practice_n of_o convictolitanis_n who_o a_o little_a before_o as_o we_o may_v remember_v have_v receive_v so_o great_a a_o benefit_n from_o caesar_n prove_v true_a the_o say_n of_o cornel._n tacitus_n that_o man_n be_v ready_a to_o revenge_v a_o injury_n then_o to_o requite_v a_o good_a turn_n habetur_fw-la forasmuch_o as_o gratia_n oneri_fw-la ultio_fw-la in_o quaestu_fw-la habetur_fw-la a_o good_a turn_n be_v as_o a_o burden_n and_o a_o debt_n to_o a_o man_n whereas_o revenge_n be_v reckon_v a_o gain_n the_o debt_n of_o loyalty_n and_o good_a affection_n wherein_o convictolitanis_n stand_v engage_v to_o caesar_n for_o confirm_v that_o right_a unto_o he_o which_o civil_a dissension_n have_v make_v doubtful_a together_o with_o the_o respect_n of_o the_o general_a cause_n make_v he_o so_o willing_a to_o revolt_v from_o the_o roman_n and_o in_o lieu_n of_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n to_o requite_v he_o with_o hostility_n a_o part_n so_o odious_a and_o detestable_a that_o virtue_n grieve_v to_o think_v that_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v capable_a of_o any_o such_o wickedness_n or_o be_v stain_v with_o the_o infamy_n of_o so_o horrible_a a_o crime_n other_o vice_n be_v fault_n in_o special_a and_o be_v brand_v with_o the_o several_a mark_n of_o ignominy_n but_o ingratitude_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o body_n of_o evil_a and_o do_v countervail_v the_o whole_a nature_n of_o hateful_a affection_n seneca_n according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o
philosopher_n ingratum_fw-la si_fw-la dixeris_fw-la omne_fw-la dixeris_fw-la ingratitude_n be_v culpable_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o wickedness_n and_o deserve_v the_o great_a measure_n of_o revenge_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o it_o take_v away_o the_o use_n of_o virtue_n and_o make_v man_n forget_v to_o do_v good_a for_o whereas_o the_o nature_n of_o goodness_n be_v special_o see_v in_o communicate_v itself_o to_o the_o relief_n of_o other_o man_n want_n we_o ought_v to_o give_v all_o diligence_n not_o to_o hinder_v this_o enlargement_n nor_o by_o a_o froward_a and_o crooked_a example_n to_o prejudice_v other_o that_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o like_a favour_n i_o have_v often_o hear_v it_o speak_v but_o i_o know_v not_o how_o true_a it_o be_v and_o be_o loath_a to_o believe_v it_o that_o in_o the_o exchange_n of_o a_o good_a turn_n the_o party_n that_o receive_v it_o have_v more_o assurance_n of_o his_o benefactor_n touch_v a_o faithful_a and_o friendly_a disposition_n for_o the_o future_a time_n than_o he_o that_o show_v the_o kindness_n can_v have_v of_o the_o receiver_n for_o man_n be_v loath_a to_o loose_v both_o the_o fruit_n and_o the_o seed_n and_o will_v rather_o bestow_v more_o cost_n and_o labour_n then_o forgo_v the_o hope_n of_o their_o first_o endeavour_n expect_v both_o in_o reason_n and_o nature_n fruit_n answerable_a to_o their_o seed_n whereas_o the_o badness_n of_o our_o nature_n be_v such_o of_o itself_o ut_fw-la gratia_fw-la oneri_fw-la ultio_fw-la in_o quaestu_fw-la habetur_fw-la the_o second_o observation_n suggestion_n there_o be_v no_o mean_n so_o ready_a to_o abuse_v a_o multitude_n as_o false_a suggestion_n which_o like_o a_o lie_a spirit_n seduce_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n from_o the_o truth_n conceive_v and_o fashion_v their_o heart_n to_o such_o purpose_n as_o seem_v best_a to_o the_o abuser_n and_o the_o rather_o when_o it_o be_v deliver_v by_o a_o man_n of_o place_n and_o authority_n and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o pretend_v carefulness_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o a_o people_n for_o than_o it_o sli_v as_o fast_o as_o the_o lightning_n in_o the_o air_n and_o delude_v the_o wise_a and_o best_a experience_a of_o the_o multitude_n a_o mischief_n that_o can_v hardly_o be_v prevent_v as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v a_o tongue_n to_o speak_v or_o a_o ear_n to_o hear_v platonis_fw-la but_o as_o socrates_n say_v of_o pain_n and_o case_n that_o they_o be_v always_o tie_v together_o so_o man_n must_v endeavour_v to_o redeem_v the_o hurt_n of_o such_o a_o evil_a by_o the_o benefit_n which_o thereby_o be_v consequent_o employ_v for_o it_o be_v hard_o if_o wise_a man_n can_v not_o make_v the_o like_a use_n of_o a_o multitude_n to_o good_a purpose_n as_o these_o deceiver_n do_v for_o their_o own_o advantage_n numa_n pompilius_n to_o who_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v owe_v as_o much_o for_o law_n and_o civil_a government_n as_o to_o romulus_n for_o their_o martial_a discipline_n the_o better_a to_o establish_v such_o ordinance_n and_o decree_n as_o he_o make_v in_o his_o kingdom_n feign_v familiar_a acquaintance_n with_o a_o goddess_n of_o that_o time_n call_v egeria_n and_o by_o she_o he_o say_v he_o be_v assure_v that_o the_o statute_n which_o he_o make_v be_v both_o equal_a and_o just_a and_o good_a for_o the_o roman_n to_o observe_v and_o the_o people_n find_v no_o hurt_n in_o believe_v it_o in_o like_a manner_n lycurgus_n have_v give_v many_o law_n to_o the_o spartan_n repair_v to_o the_o city_n of_o delphos_n and_o there_o he_o get_v a_o please_a oracle_n which_o he_o send_v to_o sparta_n assure_v they_o that_o his_o law_n be_v very_o good_a and_o that_o city_n keep_v they_o shall_v be_v the_o most_o renown_a of_o the_o world_n and_o sertorius_n for_o want_n of_o other_o mean_v use_v the_o service_n of_o a_o white_a hind_n as_o a_o gift_n send_v he_o from_o diana_n to_o make_v the_o lusitanian_o believe_v whatsoever_o may_v best_o advantage_v his_o business_n and_o thus_o a_o multitude_n lie_v open_a to_o good_a and_o ill_a purpose_n and_o be_v either_o happy_a or_o unfortunate_a in_o the_o counsel_n of_o their_o leader_n chap._n xix_o caesar_n hinder_v the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n eporedorix_n the_o heduan_n caesar_n a_o young_a man_n of_o great_a parentage_n and_o of_o great_a power_n in_o his_o country_n together_o with_o viridomarus_n of_o like_a age_n and_o authority_n but_o not_o so_o noble_o bear_v who_o be_v prefer_v to_o caesar_n by_o divitiacus_n be_v by_o he_o advance_v from_o mean_a estate_n to_o great_a dignity_n come_v both_o to_o caesar_n with_o the_o heduan_n horseman_n be_v call_v out_o by_o name_n to_o that_o war_n by_o he_o between_o these_o two_o there_o be_v always_o contention_n who_o shall_v be_v the_o chief_a and_o in_o that_o controversy_n for_o magistracy_n the_o one_o stand_v for_o convictolitanis_n and_o the_o other_o for_o cotus_n of_o these_o two_o eporedorix_n understand_v the_o resolution_n of_o litavicus_n open_v the_o matter_n to_o caesar_n almost_o about_o midnight_n he_o pray_v he_o not_o to_o suffer_v their_o state_n to_o fall_v away_o from_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n by_o the_o wicked_a counsel_n of_o young_a man_n which_o will_v necessary_o fall_v out_o if_o he_o suffer_v so_o many_o thousand_o man_n to_o join_v themselves_o to_o the_o enemy_n who_o safety_n as_o neither_o their_o kinsfolk_n will_v neglect_v so_o the_o state_n can_v not_o light_o esteem_v of_o caesar_n be_v much_o perplex_v at_o this_o message_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o have_v always_o cherish_v the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n without_o any_o further_a doubt_n or_o dispute_v he_o take_v four_o expedite_a and_o unburthened_a legion_n and_o all_o the_o horse_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n neither_o be_v there_o space_n at_o such_o a_o time_n to_o make_v the_o camp_n lesser_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o matter_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o expedition_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o c._n fabius_n a_o legate_n with_o two_o legion_n for_o a_o garrison_n to_o the_o camp_n and_o have_v give_v order_n for_o the_o apprehend_n of_o litavicus_n brethren_n he_o find_v that_o a_o little_a before_o they_o be_v flee_v to_o the_o enemy_n thereupon_o adhort_v the_o soldier_n not_o to_o think_v much_o of_o their_o labour_n in_o so_o necessary_a a_o time_n every_o man_n be_v most_o willing_a he_o go_v five_o and_o twenty_o mile_n and_o then_o meet_v with_o the_o force_n of_o the_o hedui_n the_o horseman_n be_v send_v to_o stay_v their_o march_n he_o command_v not_o to_o kill_v any_o one_o of_o they_o and_o give_v order_n to_o eporedorix_n and_o viridomarus_n who_o they_o think_v to_o be_v slay_v to_o ride_v up_o and_o down_o among_o the_o horseman_n and_o to_o call_v to_o their_o countryman_n they_o be_v once_o know_v and_o the_o fraud_n of_o litavicus_n discover_v the_o hedui_n stretch_v out_o their_o hand_n make_v sign_n of_o submission_n and_o cast_v away_o their_o weapon_n desire_v to_o be_v spare_v from_o death_n litavicus_n with_o his_o client_n and_o follower_n who_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o gallia_n must_v not_o forsake_v their_o patron_n in_o the_o extreme_a danger_n flee_v to_o gergovia_n caesar_n have_v dispatch_v messenger_n to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o hedui_n to_o acquaint_v they_o that_o he_o have_v save_v their_o people_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n he_o may_v have_v slay_v give_v the_o army_n three_o hour_n rest_v that_o night_n and_o then_o return_v towards_o gergovia_n in_o the_o midway_n certain_a horseman_n send_v by_o fabius_n make_v know_v unto_o caesar_n in_o what_o danger_n the_o matter_n stand_v that_o the_o camp_n be_v assault_v with_o all_o the_o enemy_n force_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o such_o as_o be_v weary_v be_v still_o relieve_v with_o fresh_a man_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o our_o man_n faint_v with_o continual_a labour_n for_o the_o camp_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o be_v always_o to_o stana_n upon_o the_o rampire_n to_o make_v it_o good_a and_o that_o many_o be_v wound_v with_o the_o multitude_n of_o arrow_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o weapon_n wherein_o their_o engine_n have_v serve_v they_o to_o good_a purpose_n for_o their_o defence_n fabius_n when_o these_o messenger_n come_v away_o have_v shut_v up_o two_o gate_n and_o leave_v other_o two_o open_a and_o have_v make_v shed_v and_o hovel_n for_o the_o better_a defence_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o prepare_v himself_o for_o the_o like_a fortune_n the_o next_o day_n these_o thing_n be_v know_v by_o the_o exceed_a travel_n of_o the_o soldier_n caesar_n come_v into_o the_o camp_n before_o sunrising_n observation_n as_o often_o as_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v occasion_n to_o make_v war_n beside_o the_o body_n of_o the_o army_n enrol_v for_o that_o service_n in_o such_o sort_n and_o with_o such_o ceremony_n as_o i_o have_v former_o deliver_v the_o consul_n or_o
of_o thesweetness_n of_o peace_n &_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o civil_a life_n chap._n xxi_o caesar_n spy_v a_o occasion_n to_o advance_v the_o service_n at_o gergovia_n caesar_n suspect_v a_o great_a revolt_n of_o the_o gall_n caesar_n lest_o he_o may_v be_v hem_v in_o with_o the_o strength_n of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o gallia_n he_o enter_v into_o deliberation_n how_o he_o may_v leave_v gergovia_n and_o get_v all_o his_o army_n together_o again_o that_o his_o departure_n may_v not_o seem_v to_o rise_v from_o the_o fear_n of_o their_o revolt_n and_o thereby_o be_v think_v â—â—string_n away_o and_o as_o he_o think_v upon_o these_o thing_n he_o seem_v to_o spy_v a_o occasion_n of_o do_v somewhat_o to_o purpose_n for_o come_v into_o the_o lesser_a camp_n to_o view_v the_o work_n he_o observe_v a_o knoll_n which_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o be_v bare_a of_o man_n which_o the_o day_n before_o can_v scarce_o be_v discern_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n and_o wonder_v at_o it_o be_v inquire_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o runaway_n which_o come_v daily_o in_o great_a number_n unto_o he_o they_o all_o agree_v of_o that_o which_o caesar_n have_v before_o understand_v by_o the_o discoverer_n that_o the_o back_n of_o that_o hill_n be_v almost_o level_v but_o narrow_a and_o woody_a where_o it_o give_v passage_n to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o town_n the_o gall_n do_v much_o fear_n that_o place_n for_o the_o roman_n have_v take_v one_o knoll_n if_o they_o shall_v possess_v themselves_o of_o another_o the_o gall_n be_v almost_o block_n in_o round_a about_o and_o cut_v off_o from_o forage_v or_o any_o other_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o therefore_o vercingetorix_n have_v call_v they_o all_o to_o fortify_v that_o place_n this_o be_v know_v caesar_n send_v many_o troop_n of_o horse_n to_o that_o place_n about_o midnight_n command_v they_o to_o ride_v up_o and_o down_o all_o thereabouts_o somewhat_o tumultuous_o and_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n he_o cause_v many_o horse_n and_o mule_n for_o carriage_n to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n with_o horse-keeper_n upon_o they_o have_v cask_n upon_o their_o head_n the_o better_a to_o resemble_v horseman_n and_o to_o be_v carry_v round_o about_o the_o hill_n and_o to_o they_o he_o add_v a_o few_o horseman_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v spur_v out_o the_o more_o free_o and_o so_o make_v a_o better_a show_n command_v they_o all_o to_o go_v to_o the_o same_o place_n by_o a_o long_a circuit_n â—bout_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o view_n of_o the_o town_n for_o gergovia_n so_o stand_v that_o they_o may_v from_o thence_o see_v into_o the_o camp_n but_o yet_o in_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n they_o can_v not_o certain_o perceive_v what_o be_v do_v he_o send_v likewise_o one_o legion_n to_o the_o same_o hill_n and_o appoint_v they_o to_o go_v a_o little_a way_n and_o then_o to_o make_v a_o stand_n in_o a_o dale_n and_o to_o hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o wood_n the_o gall_n begin_v more_o to_o suspect_v that_o place_n and_o all_o their_o force_n be_v draw_v thither_o for_o the_o strengthen_n of_o it_o caesar_n perceive_v the_o enemy_n camp_n to_o be_v void_a of_o man_n hide_v his_o ensign_n and_o colour_n he_o draw_v the_o soldier_n by_o little_a and_o little_a out_o of_o the_o great_a into_o the_o lesser_a camp_n and_o acquaint_v the_o legate_n to_o who_o he_o have_v give_v the_o several_a legion_n in_o charge_n what_o he_o will_v have_v do_v warn_v they_o especial_o to_o keep_v in_o the_o soldier_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v carry_v out_o either_o with_o a_o desire_n of_o sight_v or_o in_o hope_n of_o booty_n he_o propound_v unto_o they_o the_o incommodity_n of_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o place_n which_o must_v only_o be_v avoid_v by_o expedition_n the_o matter_n consist_v rather_o in_o occasion_n and_o opportunity_n râ—edit_n then_o in_o fight_v the_o first_o observation_n it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o begin_v a_o business_n and_o to_o make_v work_n for_o many_o hand_n but_o to_o put_v it_o off_o again_o and_o to_o quit_v it_o without_o prejudice_n of_o other_o important_a respect_n be_v no_o small_a labour_n caesar_n be_v engage_v in_o the_o siege_n of_o gergovia_n and_o fear_v a_o general_a revolt_n throughout_o all_o gallia_n be_v not_o a_o little_a trouble_v how_o he_o may_v clear_v himself_o of_o that_o business_n without_o suspicion_n of_o fear_n or_o flight_n and_o gather_v all_o his_o force_n into_o one_o body_n again_o which_o he_o have_v before_o divide_v into_o two_o army_n livy_n for_o as_o marcellus_n say_v to_o fabius_n touch_v the_o siege_n of_o casselium_n multa_fw-la magnis_fw-la ducibus_fw-la sicut_fw-la non_fw-la aggredâ—enda_fw-la ita_fw-la semel_fw-la aggressis_fw-la non_fw-la dimittenda_fw-la esse_fw-la quia_fw-la magna_fw-la famae_fw-la momenta_fw-la in_o utramque_fw-la partem_fw-la fiunt_fw-la many_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v attempt_v by_o great_a captain_n so_o when_o they_o be_v once_o attempt_v they_o must_v not_o be_v leave_v unatchieve_v for_o in_o either_o their_o reputation_n be_v much_o concern_v a_o enemy_n will_v conceive_v great_a hope_n from_o such_o a_o retreat_n then_o from_o a_o great_a advantage_n and_o therefore_o a_o general_n ought_v to_o have_v as_o special_a a_o regard_n to_o the_o opinion_n which_o he_o desire_v to_o be_v hold_v of_o his_o proceed_n as_o of_o any_o part_n belong_v to_o his_o charge_n for_o fame_n be_v the_o spirit_n of_o great_a action_n and_o make_v they_o memorable_a or_o unworthy_a by_o report_n caeteris_fw-la mortalibus_fw-la in_o coâ—stare_fw-la consilia_fw-la quid_fw-la sibi_fw-la conducere_fw-la putent_fw-la principum_fw-la say_v tacitus_n diversam_fw-la esse_fw-la sortem_fw-la quibus_fw-la praecipua_fw-la rerum_fw-la ad_fw-la famam_fw-la dirigenda_fw-la other_o man_n consultation_n tend_v only_o to_o what_o may_v most_o advantage_n themselves_o prince_n have_v more_o to_o do_v to_o look_v in_o their_o management_n of_o thing_n principal_o at_o their_o honour_n and_o reputation_n wherein_o there_o can_v be_v a_o better_a rule_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o that_o inconvenience_n then_o that_o which_o lucretius_n observe_v of_o who_o livy_n say_v id_fw-la prudenter_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o temere_fw-la suscepta_fw-la re_fw-la romanus_n fecit_fw-la quod_fw-la circumspectis_fw-la difficultatibus_fw-la ne_fw-la frustra_fw-la rempus_fw-la tereret_fw-la celeriter_fw-la abstitit_fw-la incepto_fw-la he_o do_v thus_o far_o prudent_o in_o a_o business_n rash_o undertake_v that_o when_o he_o see_v what_o difficulty_n attend_v the_o enterprise_n rather_o than_o spend_v time_n in_o vain_a he_o forthwith_o desist_v from_o his_o purpose_n for_o the_o speedy_a leave_v of_o any_o such_o enterprise_n do_v excuse_v the_o rashness_n which_o may_v be_v impute_v to_o the_o beginning_n and_o man_n be_v not_o so_o much_o blame_v for_o make_v trial_n of_o a_o ill-digested_a project_n as_o they_o be_v for_o obstinate_a continue_v in_o the_o same_o the_o second_o observation_n some_o service_n say_v caesar_n be_v res_fw-la occasionis_fw-la praelii_fw-la non_fw-la praelii_fw-la business_n of_o opportunity_n not_o of_o war_n whereof_o i_o have_v already_o dispute_v notwithstanding_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o add_v the_o mistake_n which_o often_o fall_v out_o in_o matter_n of_o opportunity_n for_o in_o view_v the_o occurrence_n of_o the_o war_n of_o these_o late_a time_n we_o may_v find_v that_o some_o hotspur_n commander_n have_v taste_v of_o the_o good_a success_n when_o occasion_n afford_v have_v think_v of_o nothing_o but_o of_o service_n asside_v with_o opportunity_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o at_o length_n they_o forget_v that_o occasion_n come_v but_o seldom_o and_o carry_v their_o man_n upon_o such_o desperate_a attempt_n as_o prove_v the_o business_n to_o be_v a_o matter_n scarce_o afford_v mean_n to_o fight_v for_o their_o life_n but_o be_v often_o swallow_v up_o with_o devour_a danger_n wherein_o they_o do_v mistake_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o service_n and_o fall_v short_a of_o caesar_n example_n for_o albeit_o he_o send_v out_o his_o man_n to_o struggle_v with_o the_o height_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o well-fortified_n camp_n yet_o he_o know_v they_o shall_v find_v little_a resistance_n by_o the_o enemy_n be_v draw_v away_o upon_o other_o occasion_n if_o they_o make_v that_o expedition_n as_o be_v requisite_a in_o this_o service_n whereby_o he_o leave_v they_o not_o without_o mean_n to_o overâ—way_o those_o difficulty_n and_o so_o make_v it_o rem_fw-la occasionis_fw-la non_fw-la praelii_fw-la a_o business_n of_o opportunity_n not_o of_o war_n chap._n xxii_o the_o roman_n make_v a_o assault_n upon_o gergovia_n these_o thing_n be_v deliver_v caesar_n he_o give_v the_o soldier_n the_o sign_n to_o begin_v and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o send_v out_o the_o hedui_n by_o another_o ascent_n on_o the_o right_a side_n the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n be_v distant_a by_o a_o right_a
line_n from_o the_o plain_a and_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n if_o it_o lay_v even_o without_o any_o dale_n or_o valley_n a_o thousand_o and_o two_o hundred_o pace_n whatsoever_o more_o be_v add_v in_o fetch_v circuit_n about_o to_o climb_v the_o sleep_n of_o the_o hill_n be_v over_o and_o beside_o that_o distance_n from_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o hill_n in_o length_n as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n will_v bear_v it_o the_o gall_n have_v with_o great_a stone_n raise_v a_o wall_n of_o sâ—x_n foot_n in_o height_n to_o hinder_v the_o assault_n of_o our_o man_n and_o all_o the_o low_a part_n be_v leave_v void_a and_o empty_a they_o fill_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o hill_n even_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n with_o thick_a and_o frequent_a camp_n the_o soldier_n upon_o the_o sign_n give_v be_v quick_o come_v to_o the_o work_n and_o pass_v over_o they_o they_o possess_v themselves_o of_o three_o camp_n with_o such_o speed_n and_o expedition_n that_o teutomatus_fw-la the_o king_n of_o the_o nitiobrige_n be_v surprise_v in_o his_o tent_n as_o he_o rest_v about_o noon_n time_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o his_o body_n be_v nâ—ked_v and_o his_o horse_n wound_v do_v hardly_o escape_v the_o hand_n of_o soldier_n occupy_v in_o booty_n caesar_n have_v get_v that_o which_o he_o propound_v to_o himself_o command_v a_o retreat_n to_o be_v sound_v and_o the_o ensign_n of_o the_o ten_o legion_n stay_v but_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o other_o legion_n not_o hear_v the_o sound_n of_o the_o trumpet_n forasmuch_o as_o a_o great_a valley_n be_v between_o they_o be_v stay_v notwithstanding_o at_o first_o by_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o the_o legate_n according_a as_o caesar_n have_v give_v in_o charge_n but_o be_v carry_v away_o as_o well_o with_o a_o hope_n of_o speedy_a victory_n as_o by_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o fortunate_a battle_n of_o former_a time_n they_o think_v nothing_o so_o difficult_a but_o they_o can_v overcome_v it_o by_o their_o valour_n insomuch_o as_o they_o desist_v not_o from_o follow_v until_o they_o come_v to_o the_o wall_n and_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o town_n then_o a_o great_a outcry_n be_v take_v up_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o town_n such_o as_o be_v further_o off_o be_v terrify_v with_o the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o tumult_n think_v the_o enemy_n have_v be_v within_o the_o gate_n do_v cast_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o the_o woman_n cast_v down_o their_o apparel_n and_o their_o silver_n from_o the_o wall_n and_o hold_v out_o their_o naked_a breast_n with_o their_o hand_n spread_v abroad_o adjure_v the_o roman_n to_o save_v they_o and_o that_o they_o will_v not_o as_o they_o have_v do_v at_o avaricum_n destroy_v both_o woman_n and_o child_n and_o some_o woman_n slip_v down_o by_o their_o hand_n from_o the_o wall_n and_o give_v themselves_o free_o to_o the_o soldier_n l._n fabius_n a_o centurion_n of_o the_o eight_o legon_v who_o be_v hear_v to_o say_v that_o day_n that_o the_o booty_n which_o he_o have_v get_v at_o avaricum_n so_o stir_v he_o up_o that_o he_o will_v suffer_v no_o man_n to_o get_v up_o upon_o the_o wall_n before_o himself_o have_v get_v three_o of_o his_o manipular_a soldier_n with_o their_o help_n he_o climb_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o then_o he_o himself_o do_v help_v up_o his_o fellow_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n such_o as_o be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o town_n busy_v in_o fortify_v that_o place_n as_o we_o have_v already_o deliver_v first_o the_o noise_n be_v hear_v and_o then_o stir_v up_o by_o often_o messenger_n that_o the_o roman_n have_v take_v the_o town_n send_v their_o horseman_n before_o they_o haste_v thither_o in_o great_a number_n and_o still_o as_o they_o come_v they_o stand_v under_o the_o wall_n and_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o such_o as_o they_o find_v fight_v a_o great_a multitude_n be_v at_o length_n come_v together_o the_o woman_n that_o a_o little_a before_o have_v reach_v out_o their_o hand_n from_o the_o wall_n to_o the_o roman_n begin_v now_o to_o adjure_v their_o own_o people_n and_o as_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o gall_n be_v to_o show_v their_o hair_n lose_v about_o their_o ear_n and_o to_o bring_v out_o their_o child_n observation_n it_o be_v both_o safe_a and_o honourable_a for_o soldier_n and_o inferior_a commander_n to_o keep_v their_o direction_n direction_n for_o whensoever_o they_o go_v about_o to_o enlarge_v their_o business_n according_a to_o their_o own_o fantasy_n howsoever_o occasion_n may_v seem_v to_o further_a their_o desire_n they_o invert_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o discipline_n and_o do_v arrogate_v more_o to_o themselves_o than_o they_o do_v attribute_n to_o their_o general_n the_o roman_n be_v strict_a in_o this_o point_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o of_o manlius_n who_o put_v his_o own_o son_n to_o death_n for_o make_v a_o happy_a fight_n against_o the_o enemy_n contrary_a to_o his_o direction_n for_o although_o it_o fortune_v to_o fall_v out_o well_o at_o that_o time_n yet_o the_o example_n be_v so_o dangerous_a in_o a_o well-ordered_a war_n that_o he_o choose_v rather_o to_o bring_v a_o mischief_n upon_o his_o own_o son_n than_o a_o inconvenience_n to_o their_o military_a government_n injussu_fw-la tuo_fw-la say_v one_o in_o livy_n to_o the_o consul_n nunquam_fw-la pugnabo_fw-la non_fw-la si_fw-la certam_fw-la victoriam_fw-la videam_fw-la unless_o thou_o bid_v i_o will_v never_o fight_v no_o though_o i_o see_v the_o victory_n clear_a before_o i_o make_v profession_n of_o true_a obedience_n and_o range_v himself_o in_o the_o order_n of_o such_o part_n as_o have_v no_o other_o office_n but_o observance_n for_o a_o army_n be_v as_o a_o body_n and_o the_o soldier_n be_v as_o particular_a part_n every_o man_n according_a to_o his_o place_n the_o general_n be_v as_o the_o life_n and_o soul_n and_o give_v motion_n to_o every_o part_n according_a to_o reason_n and_o as_o in_o a_o natural_a body_n no_o part_n can_v move_v without_o direction_n from_o the_o life_n so_o in_o the_o body_n of_o a_o army_n when_o any_o part_n move_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o head_n the_o motion_n be_v either_o monstrous_a or_o exorbitant_n and_o suit_v with_o such_o a_o effect_n as_o condemn_v the_o instrument_n of_o unadvised_a rashness_n polybius_n say_v that_o man_n have_v two_o way_n to_o come_v by_o wisdom_n either_o by_o their_o own_o harm_n or_o by_o other_o man_n miscasualty_n such_o wisdom_n as_o be_v get_v through_o correction_n happen_v by_o their_o own_o error_n be_v dear_o buy_v but_o sit_v near_o they_o be_v not_o easy_o forget_v that_o which_o be_v obtain_v by_o other_o man_n misfortune_n be_v well_o come_v by_o and_o at_o a_o easy_a rate_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v soon_o forget_v but_o such_o as_o can_v retain_v it_o to_o a_o good_a use_n be_v most_o happy_a man_n this_o precept_n to_o soldier_n touch_v obedience_n and_o the_o precise_a keep_n of_o their_o direction_n have_v by_o other_o man_n harm_n so_o often_o be_v urge_v as_o a_o man_n will_v think_v that_o late_a age_n shall_v beware_v of_o this_o disorder_n and_o yet_o it_o fall_v out_o almost_o in_o every_o small_a service_n for_o the_o great_a loss_n which_o the_o english_a receive_v at_o any_o one_o time_n at_o ostend_n be_v in_o a_o sally_n wherein_o captain_n woodward_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o some_o of_o the_o enemy_n work_n when_o by_o his_o direction_n he_o shall_v have_v stay_v think_v to_o improve_v his_o reputation_n by_o some_o further_a service_n deem_v it_o easy_a peradventure_o to_o go_v forward_o he_o go_v on_o beyond_o the_o compass_n of_o his_o command_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o both_o the_o enemy_n have_v great_a scope_n to_o revenge_v their_o former_a dishonour_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o english_a troop_n that_o have_v their_o part_n in_o that_o project_n by_o way_n of_o second_o help_n can_v not_o proceed_v according_a to_o their_o direction_n and_o so_o they_o all_o return_v with_o loss_n that_o which_o xenophon_n report_v touch_v one_o chrysantas_n cyrus_n be_v notable_a to_o this_o purpose_n who_o be_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o a_o conflict_n and_o have_v his_o sword_n lift_v up_o to_o strike_v one_o of_o the_o adverse_a party_n he_o chance_v to_o hear_v a_o retreat_n sound_v whereupon_o he_o present_o withdraw_v his_o hand_n and_o do_v forbear_v to_o smite_v he_o which_o howsoever_o to_o some_o may_v seem_v ridiculous_a and_o unfitting_a the_o temper_n of_o a_o soldier_n in_o time_n of_o battle_n yet_o let_v they_o know_v that_o xenophon_n a_o great_a commander_n and_o a_o excellent_a historian_n do_v allege_v that_o example_n to_o the_o eternal_a memory_n of_o the_o forename_a party_n for_o the_o knowledge_n and_o instruction_n of_o cyrus_n who_o
tend_v to_o the_o weaken_n of_o that_o authority_n which_o prefer_v they_o in_o dignity_n before_o all_o other_o state_n of_o that_o continent_n and_o be_v as_o a_o remora_n to_o divers_a other_o nation_n of_o gallia_n from_o show_v that_o defection_n by_o plain_a and_o open_a revolt_n which_o they_o have_v so_o long_o before_o conceive_v in_o their_o mind_n but_o when_o it_o appear_v notwithstanding_o any_o precedent_a benefit_n or_o the_o merit_n of_o imperial_a favour_n that_o the_o hedui_n do_v affect_v the_o common_a cause_n of_o their_o country_n liberty_n and_o be_v content_a to_o engage_v themselves_o therein_o as_o far_o as_o their_o life_n or_o fortune_n can_v any_o way_n be_v value_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o such_o other_o commonweal_n as_o before_o that_o time_n have_v remain_v neutral_a and_o have_v less_o cause_n than_o the_o hedui_n to_o keep_v back_o their_o hand_n from_o a_o work_n of_o that_o piety_n will_v apprehend_v the_o matter_n as_o a_o business_n import_v the_o safety_n of_o their_o country_n whereunto_o caesar_n and_o the_o legion_n be_v common_a enemy_n the_o consideration_n whereof_o make_v caesar_n to_o think_v of_o return_v back_o into_o the_o province_n have_v not_o the_o dishonour_n of_o such_o a_o retreat_n and_o the_o desire_n he_o have_v to_o join_v with_o labienus_n hinder_v that_o purpose_n chap._n xxvi_o labienus_n come_v to_o lutetia_n with_o four_o legion_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v by_o caesar_n caesar_n labienus_n have_v leave_v those_o supply_n which_o come_v last_o out_o of_o italy_n at_o agendicum_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o carriage_n go_v himself_o with_o four_o legion_n towards_o lutetia_n a_o town_n of_o the_o parisian_n build_v in_o a_o island_n in_o the_o river_n sequana_n the_o enemy_n understand_v of_o his_o come_n great_a force_n be_v speedy_o bring_v together_o out_o of_o the_o country_n near_o about_o the_o chief_a command_n be_v give_v to_o camulogenus_n of_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o aulerci_n who_o notwithstanding_o his_o great_a age_n be_v call_v to_o that_o honour_n for_o his_o singular_a knowledge_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n he_o find_v it_o to_o be_v a_o continue_a bog_n that_o run_v into_o sequana_n and_o much_o hinder_v all_o that_o place_n do_v stay_v there_o with_o his_o army_n and_o purpose_v to_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o roman_n labienus_n do_v first_o endeavour_n to_o drive_v the_o vine_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o bog_n with_o hurdle_n and_o earth_n and_o so_o to_o make_v the_o passage_n firm_a but_o after_o that_o he_o perceive_v it_o to_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o effect_v in_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o go_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n with_o silence_n and_o the_o same_o way_n that_o he_o come_v he_o go_v to_o melodunum_n a_o town_n of_o the_o senones_n situate_v in_o a_o island_n of_o sequana_n as_o lutetia_n be_v and_o have_v surprise_v some_o fifty_o ship_n and_o boat_n and_o man_v they_o with_o soldier_n the_o townsman_n be_v affright_v with_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o who_o a_o great_a part_n be_v call_v out_o to_o that_o war_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o town_n without_o any_o resistance_n the_o bridge_n be_v repair_v which_o the_o enemy_n have_v cut_v down_o a_o few_o day_n before_o he_o transport_v over_o the_o army_n and_o go_v down_o along_o the_o river_n towards_o lutetia_n the_o enemy_n have_v notice_n thereof_o by_o such_o we_o escape_v from_o melodunum_n command_v lutetia_n to_o be_v burn_v and_o the_o bridge_n of_o the_o town_n to_o be_v break_v they_o themselves_o for_o sake_z the_o bog_n sit_v down_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o sequana_n right_o over_o against_o the_o camp_n of_o labienus_n by_o this_o time_n caesar_n departure_n from_o gergovia_n be_v know_v abroad_o with_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n and_o rumour_n be_v bring_v of_o a_o secondrising_n and_o motion_n in_o gallia_n it_o be_v certain_o confirm_v that_o the_o gall_n be_v in_o consultation_n that_o caesar_n be_v keep_v back_o both_o by_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o passage_n and_o the_o river_n loire_n and_o for_o want_v of_o corn_n be_v constrain_v to_o return_v into_o the_o province_n the_o bellovaci_n also_o understand_v of_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n whereas_o they_o be_v before_o treacherous_a and_o disloyal_a of_o themselves_o do_v now_o begin_v to_o raise_v force_n and_o prepare_v for_o open_a war_n labienus_n upon_o so_o great_a a_o change_n of_o thing_n understand_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o he_o to_o take_v another_o manner_n of_o course_n than_o be_v before_o intend_v for_o now_o he_o think_v not_o of_o make_v any_o conquest_n or_o urge_v the_o enemy_n to_o battle_n but_o to_o bring_v he_o army_n back_o in_o safety_n to_o agendicum_n for_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o bellovaci_n stand_v ready_a to_o charge_v he_o be_v a_o people_n that_o have_v the_o name_n for_o deed_n of_o arm_n of_o all_o the_o nation_n in_o gallia_n the_o other_o side_n be_v keep_v by_o camulogenus_n with_o a_o army_n ready_a in_o the_o field_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o legion_n be_v keep_v from_o their_o garrison_n and_o their_o carriage_n with_o a_o great_a river_n that_o run_v between_o they_o and_o it_o observation_n the_o great_a alteration_n which_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n make_v in_o gallia_n time_n cause_v labienus_n to_o let_v fall_v his_o former_a resolution_n and_o to_o shape_v such_o a_o course_n as_o might_n best_o answer_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o tempest_n for_o he_o that_o will_v attain_v the_o end_n of_o his_o desire_n or_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o affection_n of_o his_o mind_n must_v not_o think_v at_o all_o time_n to_o carry_v away_o contentment_n with_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o mean_n or_o subdue_v resistance_n with_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o must_v be_v well_o please_v to_o be_v drive_v with_o the_o stream_n until_o he_o meet_v with_o a_o tide_n of_o better_a opportunity_n for_o oftentimes_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o opposition_n of_o resist_a power_n be_v more_o available_a than_o ten_o legion_n command_v by_o caesar_n or_o what_o the_o roman_a empire_n can_v add_v beside_o to_o so_o great_a a_o army_n for_o there_o be_v no_o quantity_n so_o great_a but_o there_o may_v be_v find_v a_o great_a nor_o none_o so_o little_a but_o there_o may_v be_v a_o less_o which_o may_v teach_v a_o man_n neither_o to_o conceit_n himself_o in_o a_o matchless_a singularity_n nor_o to_o despair_v of_o a_o weak_a condition_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o be_v so_o often_o recommend_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o discreet_a governor_n whether_o they_o be_v magistrate_n in_o peace_n or_o commander_n in_o war_n to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o time_n and_o to_o carry_v themselves_o answerable_a thereunto_o forasmuch_o as_o fortunate_a and_o happy_a success_n rise_v for_o the_o most_o part_n from_o such_o mean_n as_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o occurrence_n of_o the_o time_n not_o run_v always_o upon_o one_o bias_n nor_o fail_v at_o all_o time_n with_o a_o fore-wind_n but_o sometime_o to_o press_v forward_o and_o sometime_o to_o give_v back_o according_a as_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o time_n shall_v make_v way_n to_o good_a fortune_n fabius_n the_o great_a roman_a think_v it_o no_o scorn_n to_o be_v call_v coward_n fabius_n or_o to_o undergo_v the_o displeasure_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n while_o he_o give_v place_n to_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a and_o refuse_v to_o receive_v a_o three_o overthrow_n and_o thus_o he_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o the_o roman_a warfare_n according_a to_o the_o time_n and_o overthrow_v that_o enemy_n by_o shun_v to_o encounter_v he_o which_o in_o a_o battle_n will_v have_v hazard_v the_o conquest_n of_o rome_n in_o like_a manner_n cn._n sulpitius_n the_o dictator_n do_v imitate_v this_o wisdom_n of_o fabius_n against_o the_o gall_n by_o linger_a out_o the_o war_n nolens_fw-la se_fw-la fortunae_fw-la committere_fw-la adversus_fw-la hostem_fw-la as_o livy_n say_v quem_fw-la tempus_fw-la deteriorem_fw-la indy_n &_o locus_fw-la alienus_fw-la fuceret_fw-la not_o willing_a to_o put_v the_o trial_n to_o fortune_n when_o as_o he_o deal_v with_o a_o enemy_n which_o time_n and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o place_n render_v every_o day_n weak_a and_o weak_a and_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n caesar_n upon_o the_o loss_n which_o he_o receive_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la omnem_fw-la sibi_fw-la commutandam_fw-la belli_fw-la rationem_fw-la existimavit_fw-la think_v it_o his_o best_a way_n to_o alter_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o war_n as_o the_o story_n say_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o vary_v with_o the_o time_n and_o help_v a_o bad_a fortune_n with_o new_a direction_n chap._n xxvii_o labienus_n pass_v the_o river_n sequana_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o gall_n for_o the_o avoid_n
of_o these_o great_a difficulty_n which_o come_v so_o sudden_o upon_o he_o caesar_n he_o know_v there_o be_v no_o help_n to_o be_v have_v but_o that_o which_o the_o virtue_n of_o his_o mind_n will_v afford_v he_o and_o therefore_o call_v a_o council_n a_o little_a before_o the_o evening_n he_o adhort_v they_o to_o excoute_n such_o thing_n as_o he_o command_v both_o with_o diligence_n and_o industry_n and_o so_o take_v the_o ship_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v from_o melodunum_n he_o divide_v they_o among_o the_o roman_a horseman_n and_o after_o the_o first_o watch_n he_o command_v they_o to_o go_v four_o mile_n down_o the_o river_n in_o silence_n and_o there_o to_o attend_v he_o he_o leave_v five_o cohort_n which_o he_o think_v to_o be_v too_o weak_a for_o any_o fight_n as_o a_o garrison_n to_o the_o camp_n and_o send_v the_o other_o five_o cohort_n of_o the_o same_o legion_n about_o midnight_n with_o all_o the_o carriage_n up_o the_o river_n command_v they_o to_o make_v a_o great_a noise_n and_o tumult_n as_o they_o go_v he_o seek_v out_o all_o barge_n and_o boat_n and_o send_v they_o up_o the_o river_n with_o much_o noise_n and_o beat_n of_o oar_n and_o a_o little_a while_n after_o he_o himself_o go_v quiet_o with_o three_o legion_n to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o have_v command_v the_o ship_n to_o abide_v he_o at_o his_o come_n thither_o the_o enemy_n discoverer_n which_o be_v dispose_v on_o all_o part_n of_o the_o river_n be_v sudden_o and_o at_o unaware_o surprise_v by_o our_o man_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o sudden_a tempest_n that_o do_v rise_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n and_o the_o army_n and_o the_o horse_n be_v by_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o roman_a knight_n to_o who_o he_o have_v commit_v that_o business_n carry_v over_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o little_a before_o daylight_n the_o enemy_n have_v intelligence_n that_o there_o be_v a_o extraordinary_a noise_n and_o tumult_n in_o the_o roman_a camp_n and_o a_o great_a troup_n go_v up_o the_o river_n and_o the_o beat_n of_o oar_n be_v hear_v that_o way_n and_o a_o little_a below_o the_o soldier_n be_v carry_v over_o which_o be_v know_v forasmuch_o as_o they_o judge_v that_o the_o legion_n be_v carry_v over_o in_o three_o place_n and_o that_o they_o be_v so_o perplex_v at_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n that_o they_o flee_v away_o they_o divide_v their_o force_n also_o into_o three_o part_n for_o a_o garrison_n be_v leave_v right_o over_o against_o the_o roman_a camp_n and_o a_o small_a band_n send_v towards_o glossendium_n which_o be_v to_o go_v so_o far_o as_o the_o boat_n go_v they_o carry_v the_o rest_n of_o their_o army_n to_o meet_v labienus_n by_o the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n all_o our_o man_n be_v carry_v over_o and_o the_o enemy_n be_v discover_v range_v in_o battle_n labienus_n adhort_v the_o soldier_n to_o bethink_v themselves_o of_o their_o ancient_a virtue_n and_o to_o recall_v the_o memory_n of_o their_o fortunate_a battle_n and_o to_o suppose_v that_o caesar_n himself_o be_v present_a under_o who_o lead_v they_o have_v oftentimes_o overthrow_v the_o enemy_n he_o give_v the_o sign_n of_o battle_n upon_o the_o first_o affront_n on_o the_o right_a wing_n where_o the_o seven_o legion_n stand_v the_o enemy_n be_v beat_v back_o and_o put_v to_o flight_n in_o the_o left_a cornet_n where_o the_o twelve_o legion_n be_v the_o former_a rank_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v pierce_v through_o and_o beat_v dead_a down_o with_o the_o pile_n the_o rest_n notwithstanding_o do_v stout_o resist_v neither_o do_v any_o man_n give_v suspicion_n of_o fly_v camulogenus_n the_o general_n be_v present_a with_o his_o man_n and_o encourage_v they_o to_o sight_n the_o victory_n be_v uncertain_a when_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o seven_o legion_n understand_v what_o be_v do_v in_o the_o left_a wing_n they_o show_v the_o legion_n behind_o on_o the_o back_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o there_o begin_v to_o charge_v they_o and_o yet_o none_o of_o they_o for_o sook_v his_o place_n but_o be_v all_o enclose_a and_o slay_v camulogenus_n end_v his_o day_n by_o the_o same_o fortune_n such_o of_o the_o enemy_n as_o be_v leave_v over_o against_o the_o roman_a camp_n understand_v that_o the_o battle_n be_v begin_v come_v to_o second_v their_o fellow_n and_o take_v a_o hill_n but_o be_v not_o able_a to_o abide_v our_o conquer_a soldier_n but_o join_v themselves_o to_o the_o rest_n that_o flee_v be_v neither_o protect_v by_o the_o wood_n nor_o the_o mountain_n but_o be_v all_o slay_v by_o the_o horseman_n this_o business_n be_v end_v labienus_n return_v to_o agendicum_n where_o the_o carriage_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v leave_v and_o from_o thence_o come_v to_o caesar_n with_o all_o the_o force_n the_o first_o observation_n labienus_n be_v to_o pass_v the_o river_n of_o seine_n which_o be_v strong_o guard_v by_o the_o gall_n be_v force_v to_o seek_v a_o mean_n out_o of_o the_o virtue_n of_o his_o mind_n as_o caesar_n say_v and_o to_o lay_v such_o a_o project_n as_o may_v amuse_v the_o enemy_n and_o keep_v he_o in_o suspense_n what_o way_n to_o take_v to_o prevent_v his_o passage_n until_o he_o have_v effect_v that_o which_o he_o desire_v which_o bring_v to_o our_o consideration_n the_o say_n of_o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o necessary_a or_o behooveful_a for_o a_o general_n enem_n then_o to_o understand_v the_o purpose_n of_o the_o enemy_n a_o point_n so_o much_o the_o more_o commendable_a by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o difficult_a and_o hard_o to_o be_v discover_v for_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o understand_v their_o secret_a deliberation_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v only_o know_v to_o the_o general_n or_o to_o such_o chief_a commander_n as_o be_v near_o about_o he_o when_o then_o very_a action_n which_o every_o man_n know_v and_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o open_a view_n of_o the_o world_n be_v oftentimes_o doubtful_a to_o a_o enemy_n livy_n have_v a_o notable_a story_n to_o this_o purpose_n sempronius_z the_o roman_a consul_n give_v battle_n to_o the_o aequi_n the_o fight_n continue_v until_o the_o night_n part_v they_o not_o without_o alteration_n of_o fortune_n sometime_o the_o roman_n prevail_v and_o sometime_o the_o aequi_n the_o night_n come_v on_o both_o side_n be_v weary_a and_o half_o rout_v they_o forsake_v their_o camp_n and_o for_o their_o better_a safety_n take_v each_o of_o they_o a_o hill_n the_o roman_a army_n divide_v itself_o into_o two_o part_n the_o one_o part_n follow_v the_o consul_n and_o the_o other_o a_o centurion_n name_v tempanius_n a_o fellow_n of_o great_a spirit_n and_o have_v show_v much_o worth_n in_o the_o battle_n the_o next_o morning_n the_o consul_n without_o further_a inquiry_n make_v towards_o rome_n and_o so_o do_v the_o aequi_n withdraw_v their_o army_n back_o into_o their_o country_n either_o of_o they_o deem_v themselves_o overthrow_v and_o cast_v victory_n upon_o each_o other_o shoulder_n it_o happen_v that_o tempanius_n with_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n that_o keep_v with_o he_o inquire_v after_o the_o enemy_n find_v he_o to_o be_v overthrow_v and_o flee_v whereupon_o he_o first_o go_v to_o the_o roman_a camp_n and_o make_v that_o good_a and_o then_o march_v to_o the_o camp_n of_o the_o aequi_n which_o he_o take_v and_o riâ—â—ed_v and_o so_o return_v victor_n to_o rome_n the_o morning_n follow_v the_o battle_n of_o agincourt_n 〈◊〉_d montâ—oy_v the_o french_a herald_n come_v to_o inquire_v for_o prisoner_n king_n henry_n ask_v he_o who_o have_v win_v the_o field_n to_o which_o he_o answer_v that_o the_o french_a have_v lose_v it_o which_o be_v unknown_a know_v to_o that_o worthy_a conqueror_n plutarch_n write_v that_o cassius_n kill_v himself_o upon_o the_o like_a error_n not_o know_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o his_o army_n and_o therefore_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o commendable_a matter_n to_o understand_v the_o deliberation_n of_o a_o enemy_n when_o the_o issue_n of_o a_o battle_n be_v oftentimes_o so_o uncertain_a the_o second_o observation_n camulogenus_n have_v the_o report_n in_o this_o place_n of_o singular_a knowledge_n and_o experience_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n and_o be_v of_o a_o great_a age_n he_o fight_v as_o resolute_o as_o the_o young_a gallant_a of_o they_o all_o which_o may_v bring_v to_o our_o consideration_n the_o fit_a age_n of_o life_n to_o be_v wish_v in_o a_o general_n general_n for_o the_o achieve_v of_o noble_a and_o worthy_a exploit_n wherein_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o the_o youth_n and_o former_a year_n of_o a_o man_n age_n be_v plentiful_o store_v with_o hot_a blood_n and_o nimble_a spirit_n which_o quick_o apprehend_v the_o conception_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o carry_v they_o with_o such_o violence_n to_o execution_n that_o they_o
he_o have_v overcome_v by_o his_o valour_n chap._n xxxi_o vercingetorix_n send_v away_o the_o horse_n caesar_n enclose_v alesia_n with_o a_o strong_a wall_n vercingetorix_n think_v it_o best_a to_o dismiss_v all_o the_o horse_n caesar_n and_o send_v they_o away_o in_o the_o night_n before_o the_o fortification_n be_v perfect_v by_o the_o roman_n at_o their_o departure_n he_o command_v they_o that_o every_o man_n shall_v repair_v unto_o his_o own_o state_n and_o send_v all_o to_o the_o war_n that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n he_o lay_v open_v his_o desert_n towards_o they_o and_o do_v adjure_v they_o to_o have_v regard_n to_o his_o safety_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v he_o to_o be_v deliver_v over_o to_o the_o torture_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o have_v so_o well_o deserve_v of_o the_o common_a liberty_n wherein_o if_o they_o shall_v prove_v negligent_a fourscore_o thousand_o choose_a man_n will_v perish_v with_o he_o in_o that_o place_n and_o look_v into_o their_o provision_n he_o find_v that_o they_o have_v corn_n scarce_o for_o thirty_o day_n but_o by_o spare_v and_o good_a husbandry_n it_o may_v be_v make_v to_o serve_v long_o with_o these_o mandate_n he_o send_v out_o the_o horseman_n in_o silence_n about_o the_o second_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n at_o that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n where_o the_o work_n be_v not_o perfect_v he_o command_v all_o the_o corn_n to_o be_v bring_v unto_o he_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n the_o cattle_n he_o distribute_v to_o the_o soldier_n by_o pole_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a store_n bring_v out_o from_o the_o mandubii_fw-la the_o corn_n he_o begin_v to_o measure_v out_o very_o spare_o all_o the_o force_n which_o he_o have_v place_v before_o the_o town_n he_o receive_v within_o the_o wall_n and_o so_o he_o purpose_v to_o attend_v the_o supply_n of_o gallia_n which_o be_v know_v by_o therunne-awayes_a and_o captive_n caesar_n appoint_v to_o make_v these_o fortification_n he_o draw_v a_o ditch_n of_o twenty_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o depth_n with_o straight_a side_n as_o broad_a at_o the_o bottom_n as_o at_o the_o top_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o work_n he_o make_v forty_o foot_n short_a of_o that_o ditch_n which_o he_o do_v for_o these_o reason_n that_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o roman_n may_v not_o easy_o be_v enclose_v about_o with_o a_o army_n of_o soldier_n which_o he_o think_v to_o prevent_v by_o take_v in_o so_o great_a a_o circuit_n of_o ground_n and_o second_o lest_o the_o enemy_n sally_v out_o upon_o a_o sudden_a shall_v in_o the_o night_n come_v to_o destroy_v the_o work_n or_o in_o the_o daytime_n trouble_v the_o soldier_n with_o dart_n and_o cast_a weapon_n as_o they_o be_v busy_v about_o the_o work_n this_o space_n of_o forty_o foot_n be_v leave_v he_o make_v two_o ditch_n of_o fifteen_o foot_n in_o breadth_n and_o depth_n the_o innermost_a whereof_o be_v carry_v through_o the_o field_n and_o the_o low_a ground_n he_o fill_v with_o water_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o river_n behind_o they_o he_o make_v a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n of_o twelve_o foot_n and_o strengthen_v it_o with_o a_o parapet_n and_o pinnacle_n and_o with_o great_a bough_n of_o tree_n cut_v in_o cag_n like_a unto_o a_o heart_n horn_n which_o he_o set_v where_o the_o hovel_n be_v join_v to_o the_o rampire_n to_o hinder_v the_o enemy_n from_o climb_v up_o and_o make_v tower_n round_o about_o the_o whole_a work_n in_o the_o distance_n of_o fourscore_o foot_n one_o from_o another_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v both_o to_o get_v stuff_n for_o the_o fortification_n to_o go_v a_o harve_n for_o provision_n of_o corn_n and_o to_o make_v such_o great_a work_n our_o force_n be_v much_o weaken_v and_o be_v to_o seek_v corn_n and_o stuff_n far_o off_o from_o the_o camp_n the_o gall_n also_o oftentimes_o attempt_v to_o destroy_v the_o work_n and_o to_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o town_n at_o divers_a port_n therefore_o caesar_n think_v it_o fit_a to_o add_v thus_o much_o more_o to_o the_o foresay_a work_n that_o the_o fortification_n may_v be_v make_v good_a with_o the_o less_o number_n of_o man_n he_o make_v ditch_n round_o about_o the_o work_n of_o five_o foot_n deep_a and_o in_o they_o he_o plant_v either_o the_o body_n of_o tree_n or_o great_a firm_a bough_n sharpen_v into_o many_o pike_n and_o snag_n be_v bind_v together_o at_o the_o bottom_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v easy_o pluck_v up_o and_o spread_v themselves_o at_o the_o top_n into_o very_o sharp_a cag_n there_o be_v of_o these_o five_o rank_n so_o combine_v and_o enfold_v one_o in_o another_o that_o which_o way_n soever_o the_o enemy_n shall_v enter_v upon_o they_o he_o will_v necessary_o run_v himself_o upon_o a_o sharp_a stake_n these_o they_o call_v cippi_n before_o these_o in_o oblique_a course_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o quincunce_n be_v dig_v hole_n of_o three_o foot_n deep_a narrow_a at_o the_o bottom_n like_o a_o sugar_n loaf_n these_o they_o set_v with_o round_a stake_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n thigh_n with_o a_o sharp_a harden_a point_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o they_o stick_v not_o above_o four_o finger_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o for_o the_o better_a fasten_n of_o they_o they_o stick_v all_o a_o foot_n within_o the_o ground_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o hole_n for_o the_o better_a order_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v hide_v with_o osier_n and_o spread_v of_o these_o be_v eight_o course_n three_o foot_n distant_a one_o from_o another_o and_o these_o they_o call_v lily_n from_o the_o resemblance_n they_o have_v to_o the_o figure_n of_o that_o flower_n before_o these_o be_v galthrop_n of_o a_o foot_n long_o fasten_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o head_v at_o the_o top_n with_o barb_a hook_n of_o iron_n sow_v up_o and_o down_o in_o all_o place_n in_o a_o reasonable_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o and_o these_o they_o call_v stimuli_fw-la the_o inner_a fortification_n be_v thus_o perfect_v he_o follow_v the_o even_a and_o level_a ground_n as_o much_o as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n will_v give_v he_o leave_v and_o take_v in_o fourteen_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o make_v the_o like_a fortification_n in_o all_o point_n against_o the_o enemy_n without_o as_o he_o have_v do_v against_o the_o town_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o he_o be_v drive_v upon_o occasion_n to_o depart_v and_o leave_v the_o work_n it_o may_v be_v no_o danger_n for_o he_o to_o leave_v the_o camp_n forasmuch_o as_o a_o few_o man_n will_v defend_v it_o he_o command_v every_o man_n to_o have_v forage_n and_o provision_n of_o corn_n for_o thirty_o day_n the_o first_o observation_n i_o promise_v in_o my_o former_a observation_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o touch_v the_o roman_a work_n and_o to_o show_v the_o use_n they_o make_v of_o they_o in_o their_o great_a occasion_n but_o this_o description_n of_o the_o work_n at_o alesia_n do_v so_o far_o exceed_v the_o enlargement_n of_o comment_v word_n that_o it_o have_v drown_v the_o eloquence_n of_o great_a historian_n and_o in_o stead_n of_o exposition_n and_o enforcement_n have_v draw_v from_o they_o speech_n express_v great_a admiration_n than_o belief_n circa_n alesiam_n say_v paterculus_n tantae_fw-la res_fw-la gestae_fw-la quantas_fw-la audere_fw-la vix_fw-la hominis_fw-la perficere_fw-la nullius_fw-la nisi_fw-la dei_fw-la fuerit_fw-la so_o great_a thing_n be_v do_v at_o alesia_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v too_o great_a for_o any_o man_n to_o attempt_v or_o any_o but_o a_o god_n to_o effect_v to_o enclose_v a_o town_n with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n of_o eleven_o mile_n in_o circuit_n be_v a_o matter_n worthy_a the_o roman_a army_n but_o to_o add_v such_o variety_n of_o work_n and_o to_o make_v such_o strange_a trape_n and_o opposition_n against_o a_o enemy_n be_v admirable_a to_o the_o hearer_n and_o not_o that_o only_a but_o to_o make_v the_o like_a work_n without_o to_o keep_v the_o gall_n from_o raise_v the_o siege_n do_v double_a the_o wonder_n by_o which_o work_n he_o do_v besiege_v and_o be_v besiege_v take_v the_o town_n and_o overthrow_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n such_o as_o since_o that_o time_n have_v imitate_v this_o industry_n only_o by_o a_o small_a ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n for_o i_o think_v no_o man_n ever_o make_v such_o work_n have_v wrought_v wonder_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n castruccio_n get_v the_o name_n of_o renew_v the_o ancient_a military_a discipline_n in_o italy_n chief_o for_o that_o he_o besiege_v pistoia_n and_o with_o the_o help_n of_o a_o double_a trench_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o caesar_n he_o keep_v in_o the_o pistoyans_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o keep_v out_o a_o army_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o thousand_o horse_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o in_o the_o end_n he_o
common_o their_o conquer_a army_n be_v far_o under_o that_o proportion_n aemilius_n paulus_n aemilius_n only_o have_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o in_o his_o army_n against_o perseus_n and_o win_v the_o battle_n in_o a_o hour_n the_o condition_n of_o our_o time_n require_v no_o dispute_n touch_v this_o point_n for_o we_o seldom_o see_v a_o army_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n in_o the_o field_n unless_o it_o be_v the_o turk_n or_o some_o such_o monarch_n chap._n xxxiii_o critognatus_n his_o speech_n at_o alesia_n touch_v the_o keep_n of_o the_o town_n they_o that_o be_v besiege_v in_o alesia_n caesar_n the_o day_n be_v pass_v by_o which_o they_o look_v for_o succour_n their_o corn_n be_v spend_v and_o not_o know_v what_o be_v do_v abroad_o enter_v into_o consultation_n touch_v the_o end_n of_o their_o fortune_n and_o divers_a opinion_n be_v deliver_v some_o of_o they_o tend_v to_o the_o yield_v up_o of_o the_o town_n and_o other_o persuade_v that_o as_o long_o as_o strength_n last_v there_o may_v be_v sally_n continual_o make_v upon_o the_o enemy_n i_o will_v not_o omit_v the_o speech_n of_o critognatus_n for_o the_o singular_a and_o wicked_a cruelty_n which_o it_o import_v he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a birth_n and_o authority_n among_o the_o arverni_n i_o will_v say_v nothing_o say_v he_o of_o their_o opinion_n that_o call_v base_a servitude_n by_o the_o name_n of_o rendry_a neither_o do_v i_o think_v they_o fit_a to_o be_v account_v citizen_n or_o to_o be_v admit_v to_o council_n of_o state_n with_o they_o will_v i_o deal_v that_o like_a well_o of_o sally_n in_o who_o advice_n and_o counsel_n even_o by_o all_o your_o consent_n the_o memory_n of_o ancient_a virtue_n seem_v to_o consist_v it_o be_v no_o virtue_n but_o a_o weakness_n of_o the_o mind_n not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v want_v a_o little_a while_n it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o find_v man_n that_o will_v offer_v themselves_o willing_o to_o death_n than_o such_o as_o will_v endure_v labour_n with_o patience_n for_o i_o own_o part_n i_o can_v like_v well_o of_o that_o opinion_n for_o honour_n much_o prevail_v with_o i_o if_o i_o do_v not_o see_v a_o further_a loss_n then_o of_o our_o life_n but_o in_o these_o our_o consultation_n let_v we_o look_v upon_o all_o gallia_n who_o we_o have_v call_v together_o to_o succour_v we_o what_o spirit_n do_v you_o think_v will_v our_o friend_n and_o kinsman_n conceive_v fourscore_o thousand_o man_n be_v slay_v in_o one_o place_n if_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o wage_v battle_n upon_o their_o dead_a carcase_n i_o will_v not_o have_v you_o to_o defraud_v they_o of_o your_o help_n that_o do_v neglect_v all_o peril_n for_o your_o sake_n nor_o by_o your_o foolishness_n and_o your_o rashness_n or_o the_o weakness_n of_o your_o mind_n throw_v down_o all_o gallia_n and_o cast_v it_o into_o perpetual_a bondage_n do_v you_o doubt_v of_o their_o faith_n and_o constancy_n because_o they_o come_v not_o by_o a_o day_n what_o do_v the_o roman_n than_o mean_v in_o these_o outward_a work_n do_v you_o think_v they_o make_v they_o for_o exercise_n or_o to_o pass_v away_o the_o time_n if_o you_o can_v then_o receive_v assurance_n by_o their_o messenger_n all_o passage_n be_v stop_v use_v they_o for_o witness_n that_o their_o come_n be_v at_o hand_n for_o fear_v whereof_o they_o labour_v night_n and_o day_n what_o then_o my_o advice_n be_v that_o we_o do_v as_o our_o forefather_n do_v in_o a_o war_n against_o the_o cimbri_n and_o teutones_n not_o equal_a to_o this_o who_o be_v shut_v up_o within_o their_o town_n and_o bring_v to_o the_o like_a necessity_n do_v satisfy_v their_o hunger_n with_o the_o body_n of_o such_o as_o be_v find_v unfit_a for_o war_n neither_o do_v they_o yield_v themselves_o unto_o the_o enemy_n whereof_o if_o we_o have_v not_o a_o example_n yet_o i_o will_v judge_v it_o a_o excellent_a thing_n to_o be_v begin_v now_o for_o liberty_n sake_n and_o to_o be_v leave_v to_o posterity_n for_o what_o war_n be_v like_o this_o gallia_n be_v waste_v and_o dispeople_v and_o the_o kingdom_n bring_v into_o great_a misery_n the_o cimbri_n at_o length_n forsake_v our_o country_n and_o seek_v out_o other_o territory_n and_o leave_v unto_o we_o our_o law_n custom_n land_n &_o liberty_n for_o the_o roman_n what_o be_v it_o they_o desire_v or_o what_o will_v they_o have_v but_o be_v draw_v on_o with_o malice_n and_o envy_n who_o they_o understand_v to_o be_v a_o noble_a and_o a_o warlike_a nation_n their_o field_n and_o city_n they_o do_v desire_v to_o take_v from_o they_o and_o to_o yoke_v they_o with_o eternal_a bondage_n as_o never_o make_v war_n with_o other_o condition_n for_o if_o you_o be_v ignorant_a what_o they_o do_v far_o off_o in_o other_o country_n look_v at_o home_n in_o that_o part_n of_o gallia_n which_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o province_n their_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v change_v it_o be_v subject_v to_o the_o axe_n and_o to_o perpetual_a servitude_n their_o opinion_n be_v deliver_v they_o decree_v that_o such_o as_o through_o age_n or_o sickness_n be_v unfit_a for_o war_n shall_v depart_v the_o town_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v prove_v all_o mean_n before_o they_o yield_v to_o critognatus_n opinion_n and_o yet_o if_o the_o matter_n so_o require_v to_o consent_v unto_o it_o and_o to_o attend_v their_o succour_n rather_o than_o to_o yield_v to_o any_o rendry_a and_o condition_n of_o peace_n observation_n it_o be_v oftentimes_o make_v questionable_a in_o the_o extremity_n of_o a_o siege_n siege_n how_o far_o the_o commander_n may_v go_v in_o continue_v their_o resistance_n to_o the_o danger_n and_o hazard_n of_o the_o people_n besiege_v whether_o they_o may_v not_o in_o honour_n proceed_v as_o far_o as_o critognatus_n opinion_n will_v draw_v they_o or_o how_o they_o may_v know_v when_o to_o leave_v it_o in_o the_o very_a point_n of_o discreet_a and_o valiant_a carriage_n which_o be_v to_o be_v answer_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o give_v siege_n to_o the_o place_n for_o against_o a_o treacherous_a and_o disloyal_a enemy_n that_o make_v profession_n of_o infidelity_n and_o will_v not_o stick_v after_o a_o composition_n to_o ensnare_v they_o in_o a_o great_a danger_n than_o the_o peril_n of_o death_n there_o will_v be_v much_o endure_v rather_o than_o to_o undergo_v so_o hard_a a_o fortune_n and_o yet_o i_o do_v no_o way_n approve_v the_o cruel_a resolution_n of_o this_o gall_n but_o do_v rather_o commend_v the_o example_n of_o the_o hungarian_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o agria_n agâ—iâ—_n for_o in_o the_o year_n 1562._o mahomet_n bassa_n lie_v before_o that_o town_n with_o a_o army_n of_o threescore_o thousand_o turk_n and_o lay_v battery_n to_o it_o with_o fifty_o canon_n there_o be_v within_o the_o town_n two_o thousand_o hungarian_n who_o endure_v and_o put_v off_o thirteen_o most_o terrible_a assault_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o for_o the_o better_a strengthen_v of_o their_o high_a resolution_n they_o take_v a_o mutual_a oath_n that_o no_o man_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n shall_v once_o speak_v of_o a_o treaty_n or_o of_o give_v up_o the_o town_n or_o to_o make_v any_o answer_n to_o the_o enemy_n but_o by_o the_o harquebuse_n or_o the_o canon_n and_o if_o the_o siege_n shall_v happen_v to_o continue_v long_o rather_o to_o die_v for_o hunger_n then_o to_o put_v themselves_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o so_o cruel_a and_o barbarous_a a_o enemy_n they_o determine_v further_o that_o such_o among_o they_o as_o be_v not_o serviceable_a with_o a_o weapon_n shall_v attend_v continual_o to_o reinforce_v the_o rampire_n and_o repair_v the_o ruin_n and_o to_o avoid_v treachery_n they_o take_v order_n that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o assembly_n in_o the_o city_n above_o the_o number_n of_o three_o together_o they_o command_v likewise_o that_o all_o the_o victual_n as_o be_v either_o public_a or_o private_a shall_v be_v divide_v into_o equal_a portion_n among_o the_o soldier_n and_o the_o best_a of_o it_o shall_v be_v reserve_v for_o such_o as_o be_v hurt_v in_o fight_n it_o be_v further_a report_v that_o the_o bassa_n have_v oftentimes_o offer_v a_o treaty_n they_o only_o show_v for_o a_o answer_n to_o his_o summons_n a_o funeral_n bier_z cover_v with_o black_a lift_v up_o above_o the_o wall_n between_o two_o pike_n to_o signify_v thereby_o that_o they_o will_v not_o come_v out_o but_o by_o death_n as_o this_o be_v a_o degree_n short_a of_o critognatus_n resolution_n so_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o a_o general_n may_v give_v up_o a_o town_n before_o he_o come_v to_o these_o term_n with_o true_a honour_n and_o wisdom_n but_o the_o matter_n as_o i_o have_v say_v consist_v altogether_o upon_o the_o circumstance_n interlace_v but_o that_o which_o be_v further_o to_o be_v observe_v in_o this_o place_n
potestate_fw-la consulari_fw-la documento_fw-la fuere_fw-la quam_fw-la plurium_fw-la imperium_fw-la bello_fw-la inutile_fw-la esset_fw-la tentando_fw-la ad_fw-la sua_fw-la cuique_fw-la consilia_fw-la cum_fw-la aliâ—_n aliud_fw-la uâ—deretâ—r_fw-la aperuerunt_fw-la ad_fw-la occasionem_fw-la locum_fw-la hosti_fw-la the_o three_o tribune_n with_o consular_a power_n clear_o show_v how_o inconvenient_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o have_v more_o than_o one_o commander_n in_o chief_a for_o while_o every_o one_o adhere_v to_o his_o own_o advice_n and_o judgement_n one_o man_n think_v this_o thing_n convenient_a another_o that_o they_o open_v a_o way_n to_o the_o enemy_n to_o make_v advantage_n against_o they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o consul_n quintius_n and_o agrippa_n be_v send_v against_o the_o aequi_n agrippa_n refer_v the_o business_n whole_o to_o his_o colleague_n conclude_v as_o livy_n say_v saluberrimum_fw-la in_o administratione_fw-la magnarum_fw-la rerum_fw-la est_fw-la summum_fw-la imperii_fw-la ad_fw-la unum_fw-la esse_fw-la it_o be_v the_o safe_a way_n in_o the_o manage_n of_o great_a affair_n to_o have_v one_o man_n bear_v the_o chief_a sway_n and_o therefore_o as_o one_o body_n require_v but_o one_o head_n so_o one_o business_n will_v have_v but_o one_o director_n tacitâ—s_n forasmuch_o as_o aemulatio_fw-la inter_fw-la pares_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la eo_fw-la impedimentum_fw-la emulation_n and_o consequent_o hindrance_n will_v be_v among_o equal_n chap._n xxxv_o the_o gall_n do_v choose_v out_o sixty_o thousand_o of_o their_o best_a man_n and_o do_v assault_v the_o weak_a part_n of_o caesar_n camp_n the_o gall_n be_v repel_v twice_o with_o great_a loss_n caesar_n do_v fall_n into_o consideration_n what_o they_o be_v next_o to_o do_v they_o call_v unto_o they_o such_o as_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o nature_n and_o site_n of_o the_o place_n by_o who_o they_o understand_v of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o upper_a camp_n on_o the_o north_n side_n there_o lay_v a_o hill_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o circuit_n our_o man_n can_v not_o take_v in_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o their_o work_n and_o thereupon_o be_v necessary_o constrain_v to_o lay_v their_o camp_n in_o a_o unequal_a place_n somewhat_o shelve_v this_o part_n be_v keep_v by_o caius_n antistius_n rheginus_n and_o caius_n caninius_n rebilus_n with_o two_o legion_n this_o be_v know_v by_o the_o discoverer_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o enemy_n choose_v out_o sixty_o thousand_o of_o those_o state_n which_o carry_v the_o great_a opinion_n of_o manhood_n and_o do_v secret_o determine_v among_o themselves_o how_o and_o in_o what_o sort_n they_o will_v have_v the_o service_n carry_v and_o do_v determine_v to_o put_v it_o in_o execution_n when_o the_o sun_n shall_v be_v near_o about_o the_o noon_n meridian_n appoint_v vergasilaunus_fw-la to_o command_v those_o force_n be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o captain_n and_o kinsman_n to_o vercingetorix_n he_o go_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n in_o the_o first_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n come_v to_o the_o end_n of_o his_o journey_n a_o little_a before_o day_n and_o hide_v himself_o behind_o a_o hill_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o refresh_v themselves_o from_o the_o former_a night_n travel_n and_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v towards_o noon_n he_o make_v towards_o that_o part_n of_o the_o camp_n which_o i_o have_v before_o mention_v and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o horseman_n begin_v to_o approach_v towards_o the_o work_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o force_n show_v themselves_o before_o the_o camp_n vercingetorix_n perceive_v this_o out_o of_o the_o watchtower_n of_o alesia_n go_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o carry_v with_o he_o long_a pole_n hook_n and_o such_o other_o provision_n which_o he_o have_v make_v ready_a before_o hand_n for_o a_o sally_n they_o fight_v at_o one_o instant_a in_o all_o place_n all_o way_n be_v try_v and_o where_o they_o think_v it_o to_o be_v weak_a thither_o they_o run_v the_o roman_a force_n be_v dismember_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o large_a extension_n of_o their_o work_n so_o that_o they_o can_v not_o easy_o defend_v many_o place_n and_o the_o shout_n which_o be_v make_v behind_o their_o back_n do_v much_o affright_v our_o man_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o perceive_v that_o their_o danger_n do_v consist_v in_o other_o man_n valour_n for_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v absent_a do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n great_o perplex_v and_o trouble_v man_n mind_n caesar_n have_v get_v a_o convenient_a place_n do_v see_v what_o be_v do_v in_o every_o part_n if_o any_o be_v overcharge_v he_o send_v they_o succour_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o answer_v all_o occasion_n on_o both_o side_n the_o camp_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o that_o be_v the_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v behooveful_a for_o they_o to_o fight_v the_o gall_n will_v despair_v of_o all_o good_a success_n unless_o they_o break_v down_o the_o work_n the_o roman_n if_o they_o obtain_v their_o purpose_n may_v expect_v a_o end_n of_o their_o labour_n the_o great_a contention_n be_v about_o that_o place_n to_o which_o vergasilaunus_fw-la be_v send_v a_o small_a rise_n in_o a_o place_n do_v give_v much_o advantage_n in_o a_o shelve_v descent_n some_o cast_a weapon_n other_o put_v themselves_o into_o a_o testudo_fw-la and_o come_v under_o the_o work_n the_o weary_a and_o over-laboured_n be_v second_v by_o fresh_a supply_n every_o man_n cast_v earth_n into_o the_o work_n which_o raise_v it_o so_o high_a that_o the_o gall_n have_v advantage_n of_o ascent_n and_o the_o pike_n and_o sharp_a stake_n which_o the_o roman_n have_v cunning_o hide_v under_o the_o earth_n to_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n be_v thereby_o cover_v it_o come_v at_o last_o to_o that_o pass_v that_o our_o man_n want_v both_o strength_n and_o weapon_n which_o be_v know_v caesar_n send_v labienus_n with_o six_o cohort_n to_o relieve_v those_o hat_n be_v overcharge_v command_v he_o if_o the_o can_v not_o bear_v out_o the_o charge_n to_o sally_v out_o upon_o they_o but_o not_o unless_o he_o be_v constrain_v unto_o it_o he_o himself_o go_v about_o to_o the_o rest_n adhort_v they_o not_o to_o faint_v under_o their_o labour_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o fruit_n and_o benefit_n of_o all_o their_o former_a battle_n consist_v in_o that_o day_n and_o that_o hour_n the_o enemy_n within_o be_v out_o of_o hope_n of_o do_v any_o good_a upon_o the_o work_v make_v in_o plain_a and_o champain_n place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o fortification_n try_v what_o they_o can_v do_v in_o steep_a and_o break_a place_n and_o thither_o they_o bring_v those_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v prepare_v with_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o cast_a weapon_n they_o cast_v out_o such_o as_o fight_v from_o turret_n they_o fill_v their_o passage_n with_o hurdle_n and_o earth_n they_o break_v down_o the_o parapet_n and_o the_o rampire_n with_o hook_n caesar_n send_v first_o young_a brutus_n with_o six_o cohort_n and_o after_o he_o fabius_n a_o legate_n with_o seven_o more_o and_o at_o length_n as_o the_o fight_n wax_v hot_a he_o go_v himself_o with_o a_o fresh_a supply_n the_o fight_n be_v renew_v and_o the_o enemy_n beat_v off_o he_o haste_v to_o that_o place_n whither_o he_o have_v send_v labienus_n and_o take_v four_o cohort_n out_o of_o the_o next_o castle_n part_v of_o the_o horseman_n he_o command_v to_o follow_v he_o and_o the_o rest_n to_o compass_v about_o the_o outward_a work_n and_o to_o set_v upon_o the_o enemy_n behind_o labienus_n find_v that_o neither_o rampire_n nor_o ditch_n be_v able_a to_o keep_v out_o the_o enemy_n have_v get_v such_o force_n together_o as_o be_v draw_v by_o chance_n from_o the_o work_v near_a hand_n to_o the_o number_n of_o thirty_o nine_o cohort_n he_o acquaint_v caesar_n by_o messenger_n what_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o be_v do_v caesar_n make_v haste_n to_o be_v at_o the_o fight_n his_o come_v be_v know_v by_o the_o colour_n of_o his_o garment_n which_o he_o be_v accustom_v to_o wear_v in_o time_n of_o battle_n and_o the_o troop_n of_o horse_n and_o the_o cohort_n be_v discover_v which_o he_o have_v command_v to_o follow_v he_o as_o the_o shelve_v and_o decline_a place_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o view_n of_o high_a ground_n the_o enemy_n begin_v the_o fight_n a_o great_a shout_n be_v take_v up_o on_o both_o side_n our_o man_n have_v throw_v their_o pile_n betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o sword_n sudden_o the_o horseman_n be_v discover_v behind_o they_o and_o other_o cohort_n make_v their_o approach_n towards_o they_o the_o enemy_n turn_v his_o back_n and_o flee_v the_o horseman_n meet_v they_o as_o they_o flee_v the_o slaughter_n be_v great_a in_o that_o place_n sedulius_n a_o captain_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o lemovici_n be_v slay_v vergasilaunus_fw-la be_v take_v alive_a threescore_o and_o fourteen_o ensign_n be_v bring_v unto_o caesar_n and_o very_o few_o of_o so_o great_a a_o number_n return_v
safe_a into_o their_o camp_n those_o of_o the_o town_n behold_v the_o slaughter_n and_o flight_n of_o their_o friend_n be_v out_o of_o all_o hope_n draw_v back_o their_o force_n from_o the_o work_n this_o be_v know_v the_o gall_n flee_v present_o out_o of_o their_o camp_n and_o if_o the_o soldier_n have_v not_o be_v weary_v with_o that_o day_n labour_n they_o may_v easy_o have_v destroy_v all_o their_o enemy_n about_o midnight_n the_o horse_n be_v send_v out_o to_o fall_v upon_o the_o rearward_n a_o great_a number_n be_v take_v and_o slay_v the_o rest_n escape_v into_o their_o country_n observation_n it_o be_v a_o old_a say_n of_o a_o hungry_a man_n that_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o fill_v his_o belly_n then_o his_o eye_n which_o be_v as_o true_a in_o other_o case_n wherein_o our_o desire_n be_v oftentimes_o so_o great_a that_o we_o think_v no_o mean_n sufficient_a to_o accomplish_v the_o same_o but_o when_o we_o shall_v come_v to_o put_v it_o in_o trial_n and_o suffer_v every_o man_n to_o be_v measure_v with_o his_o own_o foot_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o our_o desire_n be_v better_o apply_v to_o the_o infinity_n of_o the_o mind_n then_o to_o the_o necessary_a occasion_n of_o our_o life_n vercingetorix_n be_v so_o far_o interest_v in_o the_o success_n of_o this_o war_n that_o he_o think_v all_o the_o able_a man_n of_o gallia_n not_o enough_o to_o make_v it_o happy_a unto_o he_o but_o the_o other_o prince_n that_o be_v not_o so_o deep_o touch_v and_o yet_o stand_v as_o well_o affect_v to_o the_o cause_n refuse_v to_o enroll_v all_o that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n but_o think_v two_o hundred_o forty_o and_o eight_o thousand_o man_n to_o be_v a_o competent_a force_n for_o this_o service_n but_o come_v to_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o business_n they_o employ_v only_o sixty_o thousand_o and_o when_o they_o fail_v of_o their_o endeavour_n and_o be_v rout_v and_o overthrow_v by_o the_o roman_n the_o rest_n stay_v no_o long_o to_o dispute_v the_o matter_n but_o sle_z all_o away_o by_o night_n which_o show_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o affection_n which_o be_v forerunner_n of_o a_o cause_n and_o such_o as_o grow_v and_o increase_v with_o a_o business_n and_o be_v not_o common_o find_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o subject_n in_o their_o great_a strength_n for_o these_o antecedent_n desire_n be_v like_o woman_n long_n longing_n strong_a and_o violent_a at_o first_o but_o decay_v as_o fast_o again_o before_o they_o come_v to_o any_o ripeness_n whereas_o such_o affection_n as_o rise_v from_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o business_n and_o grow_v from_o the_o occurrence_n of_o that_o proceed_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o abate_v but_o do_v hold_v out_o strong_a either_o for_o constancy_n or_o obstinacy_n chap._n xxxvi_o vercingetorix_n yield_v himself_o and_o the_o town_n to_o caesar_n the_o next_o day_n vercingetorix_n have_v call_v a_o council_n caesar_n tell_v they_o that_o he_o have_v not_o undertake_v that_o war_n for_o his_o own_o occasion_n but_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o common_a liberty_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v necessary_o to_o yield_v to_o fortune_n he_o make_v offer_v of_o himself_o unto_o they_o either_o to_o satisfy_v the_o roman_n with_o his_o death_n or_o to_o be_v deliver_v unto_o they_o alive_a ambassador_n be_v send_v to_o caesar_n touch_v that_o point_n he_o command_v their_o arm_n to_o be_v deliver_v and_o the_o prince_n to_o be_v bring_v out_o he_o himself_o sit_v in_o the_o fortification_n before_o the_o camp_n thither_o the_o captain_n be_v bring_v vercingetorix_n be_v deliver_v their_o weapon_n be_v cast_v out_o the_o hedui_n and_o the_o arverni_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v recover_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n by_o they_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o captive_n he_o give_v throughout_o all_o the_o army_n to_o every_o man_n a_o prisoner_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o booty_n these_o thing_n be_v end_v he_o go_v to_o the_o heduâ—_n and_o receive_v in_o the_o state_n thither_o do_v the_o arverni_n send_v ambassador_n unto_o he_o promise_v to_o obey_v whatsoever_o he_o command_v he_o demand_v a_o great_a number_n of_o hostage_n and_o send_v the_o legion_n into_o their_o winter_v camp_n he_o send_v home_o twenty_o thousand_o captive_n to_o the_o hedui_n and_o the_o arverni_n he_o send_v t._n labienus_n with_o two_o legion_n and_o the_o horse_n into_o the_o sequani_n and_o give_v he_o m._n sempronius_n rutilius_n to_o assist_v he_o he_o lodge_v c._n fabius_n and_o lucius_n minutius_n basilius_n with_o two_o legion_n among_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n lest_o they_o shall_v receive_v any_o damage_n by_o the_o near_a border_a bellovaci_n he_o send_v c._n antistius_n reginus_n to_o the_o ambivareti_n and_o t._n sextius_n to_o the_o bituriges_n and_o c._n caninius_n rebilus_n to_o the_o rutheni_n with_o each_o of_o they_o a_o legion_n he_o placed_z q._n tullius_n cicero_n and_o p._n sulpitius_n at_o cavillonis_n and_o matiscona_n of_o the_o hedui_n upon_o the_o river_n arar_n for_o provision_n of_o corn_n he_o himself_o determine_v to_o winter_n at_o bibract_n these_o year_n service_n be_v know_v at_o rome_n there_o be_v a_o feast_n of_o thanksgiving_n appoint_v for_o twenty_o day_n together_o observation_n vercingetorix_n notwithstanding_o a_o hard_a fortune_n entertain_v a_o noble_a resolution_n for_o have_v first_o acquaint_v the_o gall_n that_o he_o have_v not_o undertake_v that_o war_n for_o any_o respect_n to_o himself_o but_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o gallia_n and_o the_o ancient_a liberty_n of_o that_o continent_n he_o make_v offer_v to_o satisfy_v the_o angry_a roman_n with_o his_o body_n dead_a or_o alive_a plutarch_n recite_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o delivery_n to_o be_v in_o this_o sort_n caesar_n be_v arm_v at_o all_o part_n &_o mount_v on_o a_o horse_n furnish_v with_o a_o rich_a caparison_n he_o come_v to_o caesar_n &_o ride_v round_o about_o he_o as_o he_o sit_v in_o his_o chair_n of_o estate_n then_o light_v off_o his_o horse_n he_o take_v off_o his_o caparison_n and_o furniture_n and_o unarm_v himself_o and_o lay_v all_o on_o the_o ground_n and_o go_v and_o sit_v down_o at_o caesar_n foot_n and_o say_v never_o a_o word_n caesar_n at_o length_n commit_v he_o as_o a_o prisoner_n take_v in_o the_o war_n to_o be_v lead_v afterward_o in_o his_o triumph_n at_o rome_n but_o the_o civil_a war_n do_v cut_v off_o that_o solemnity_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v what_o become_v of_o these_o great_a prince_n and_o personage_n after_o the_o triumph_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o do_v not_o stroke_v their_o head_n or_o make_v more_o of_o they_o then_o of_o miserable_a captive_n for_o paulus_n aemilius_n aemilius_n after_o the_o noble_a triumph_n for_o king_n perseus_n pity_v his_o fortune_n and_o desire_v to_o help_v he_o can_v never_o obtain_v other_o grace_n for_o he_o then_o only_o to_o remove_v he_o from_o the_o common_a prison_n which_o they_o call_v carcer_fw-la into_o a_o more_o cleanly_a and_o sweet_a house_n where_o be_v straight_o guard_v he_o die_v either_o by_o abstinence_n or_o be_v keep_v from_o sleep_n by_o the_o soldier_n two_o of_o his_o son_n die_v also_o but_o the_o three_o become_v a_o excellent_a turner_n or_o joyner_n and_o can_v write_v the_o roman_a tongue_n so_o well_o that_o he_o afterward_o become_v chancellor_n to_o the_o magistrate_n of_o rome_n and_o thus_o the_o roman_n deal_v with_o their_o captive_a prince_n make_v they_o example_n of_o fortune_n unconstancy_n and_o turn_v their_o diadem_n into_o shackle_n of_o iron_n and_o thus_o far_o do_v caesar_n comment_v himself_o upon_o the_o war_n he_o make_v against_o the_o gall_n be_v a_o noble_a and_o a_o worthy_a people_n and_o breed_v in_o a_o large_a and_o fertile_a continent_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o have_v in_o all_o age_n even_o to_o these_o time_n challenge_v a_o eminency_n both_o for_o politic_a government_n and_o martial_a prowess_n among_o the_o western_a kingdom_n of_o the_o world_n their_o action_n and_o carriage_n from_o time_n to_o time_n deserve_v as_o honourable_a memory_n as_o these_o war_n record_v by_o caesar_n own_o hand_n whereof_o paulus_n aemilius_n philip_n commine_v and_o of_o late_a john_n de_fw-fr seres_n be_v very_o pregnant_a witness_n they_o continue_v under_o the_o roman_a government_n four_o hundred_o forty_o and_o one_o year_n according_a to_o the_o computation_n make_v by_o john_n tillius_n reckon_v from_o the_o last_o victory_n in_o caesar_n proconsulship_n to_o the_o time_n of_o marcomerus_fw-la a_o general_n of_o the_o french_a by_o who_o prowess_n and_o mean_n they_o deny_v to_o pay_v that_o homage_n and_o tribute_n to_o the_o emperor_n valentinianus_n which_o vercingetorix_n have_v lose_v to_o caesar_n the_o next_o summer_n service_n compile_v by_o hirtius_n i_o have_v purposely_o omit_v as_o intend_v no_o further_a matter_n
neither_o be_v it_o the_o least_o mischief_n that_o the_o condition_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v such_o as_o will_v hardly_o endure_v reproof_n but_o must_v be_v disguise_v plutarch_n as_o apollonius_n correct_v lion_n by_o bear_v dog_n before_o they_o chap._n ii_o the_o senate_n proceed_v against_o caesar_n with_o all_o eagerness_n the_o senate_n rise_v a_o little_a before_o night_n caesac_n be_v all_o send_v for_o to_o pompey_n he_o commend_v the_o forward_a for_o what_o they_o have_v do_v and_o confirm_v they_o for_o after_o resolution_n reprehend_v such_o as_o show_v themselves_o indifferent_a and_o stir_v they_o up_o to_o more_o forwardness_n many_o which_o be_v of_o pompey_n former_a army_n be_v send_v for_o upon_o of_o reward_n and_o advancement_n many_o of_o the_o two_o legion_n which_o late_o come_v from_o caesar_n be_v command_v to_o attend_v insomuch_o as_o the_o city_n swarm_v with_o soldier_n against_o the_o election_n of_o new_a magistrate_n c._n cuâ—io_n call_v out_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n all_o the_o consul_n friend_n the_o kinsfolk_n and_o ally_n of_o pompey_n and_o such_o other_o as_o have_v any_o former_a enmity_n with_o caesar_n be_v compel_v into_o the_o senate_n by_o the_o presence_n and_o vote_n of_o these_o man_n the_o weak_a be_v terrify_v the_o doubtful_a confirm_v and_o the_o most_o part_n be_v cut_v off_o from_o give_v absolute_a and_o free_a voice_n l._n piso_n the_o censor_n and_o l._n roâ—cius_n the_o praetor_n offer_v themselves_o to_o go_v to_o caesar_n to_o advise_v he_o of_o these_o thing_n require_v but_o six_o day_n space_n to_o return_v a_o answer_n other_o think_v it_o fit_a that_o ambassador_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o caesar_n to_o give_v he_o notice_n of_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o senate_n to_o all_o these_o be_v oppose_v what_o the_o consul_n scipio_n and_o cato_n think_v fit_a cato_n be_v incite_v through_o former_a enmity_n and_o special_o by_o the_o repulse_n of_o the_o praetorship_n lentulus_n out_o of_o a_o consideration_n of_o his_o great_a debt_n hope_v to_o command_v a_o army_n to_o govern_v province_n and_o to_o receive_v the_o liberal_a acknowledgement_n of_o king_n who_o he_o shall_v thereby_o procure_v to_o be_v style_v with_o the_o title_n of_o friend_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n insomuch_o as_o he_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o boast_v in_o private_a that_o he_o be_v like_a to_o prove_v a_o second_o sylla_n on_o who_o the_o sovereign_a command_n of_o the_o empire_n will_v be_v confer_v scipio_n be_v draw_v on_o by_o the_o same_o hope_n of_o have_v the_o government_n of_o a_o province_n or_o the_o command_n of_o a_o army_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o alliance_n he_o think_v to_o share_v with_o pompey_n be_v otherwise_o afraid_a to_o be_v call_v into_o justice_n as_o also_o through_o flattery_n and_o ostentation_n both_o of_o himself_o and_o other_o great_a friend_n which_o be_v able_a to_o sway_v much_o as_o well_o in_o the_o course_n of_o justice_n as_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n pompey_n in_o his_o particular_a be_v much_o provoke_v by_o caesar_n enemy_n â—ul_fw-la and_o special_o for_o that_o he_o can_v endare_n no_o man_n to_o be_v his_o equal_a he_o be_v alienate_v altogether_o from_o caesar_n friendship_n and_o have_v reconcile_v himself_o to_o their_o common_a enemy_n the_o great_a part_n of_o who_o be_v by_o his_o mean_n gain_v to_o caesar_n in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o alliance_n he_o be_v also_o move_v by_o the_o dishonour_n which_o he_o have_v get_v by_o take_v those_o two_o legion_n from_o their_o journey_n towards_o asia_n and_o syria_n and_o use_v they_o for_o the_o advancement_n of_o his_o own_o particular_a which_o thing_n move_v he_o to_o draw_v the_o matter_n to_o arms._n for_o these_o respect_v all_o thing_n be_v carry_v impetuous_o and_o confuse_o neither_o be_v 〈…〉_z sure_o give_v to_o caesar_n friend_n to_o advertise_v he_o thereof_o nor_o yet_o to_o the_o tribune_n to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n which_o be_v fall_v upon_o they_o or_o to_o use_v their_o right_n of_o opposition_n which_o l._n sylla_n leave_v unto_o they_o but_o within_o seven_o day_n after_o they_o be_v enter_v into_o their_o office_n they_o be_v force_v to_o shift_v for_o their_o safety_n notwithstanding_o that_o the_o most_o turbulent_a and_o sedition_n tribune_n of_o former_a time_n be_v never_o put_v to_o look_v into_o their_o affair_n or_o to_o gâ—ve_v account_n of_o their_o action_n before_o the_o eight_o month_n in_o the_o end_n they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o that_o extreme_a and_o last_o act_n of_o senate_n which_o be_v never_o think_v upon_o but_o when_o the_o city_n be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o burn_a or_o in_o the_o most_o desperate_a estate_n of_o the_o commonweal_n that_o the_o consul_n praetor_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n and_o such_o as_o have_v be_v consul_n and_o be_v resident_a near_o about_o the_o city_n shall_v endeavour_v that_o the_o commonweal_n may_v not_o be_v endanger_v fratâ—i_fw-la this_o act_n be_v 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that_o there_o be_v no_o mean_n to_o ruin_n sparta_n but_o by_o avarice_n in_o which_o sense_n offici_fw-la c._n pontius_n the_o samnite_n wish_v that_o the_o god_n have_v reserve_v he_o to_o time_n wherein_o the_o roman_n will_v have_v be_v corrupt_v with_o gift_n for_o than_o he_o will_v soon_o have_v see_v a_o end_n of_o their_o commonweal_n and_o certain_o that_o empire_n can_v never_o have_v tower_a so_o high_a nor_o continue_v firm_a so_o many_o age_n have_v not_o her_o foundation_n be_v lay_v by_o man_n of_o admirable_a temper_n in_o this_o kind_n such_o as_o be_v paulus_n aemilius_n who_o have_v sack_v macedonia_n and_o bring_v as_o much_o wealth_n into_o the_o public_a treasury_n as_o give_v a_o end_n to_o tribute_n and_o subsidy_n be_v no_o way_n the_o rich_a but_o in_o honour_n for_o all_o that_o he_o have_v take_v and_o such_o also_o be_v scipio_n africanus_n that_o of_o all_o the_o wealth_n of_o carthage_n bring_v nothing_o into_o his_o private_a house_n but_o a_o high_a and_o triumphant_a name_n as_o a_o merit_n of_o his_o virtue_n and_o deed_n of_o arm_n leave_v behind_o he_o this_o oracle_n as_o a_o document_n to_o follow_v time_n perutile_n that_o covetous_a captain_n be_v good_a to_o none_o but_o to_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o conclude_v such_o be_v m._n curius_n who_o have_v triumph_v of_o the_o samnite_n the_o sabine_n and_o pyrrhus_n refuse_v a_o great_a mass_n of_o gold_n major_n which_o be_v offer_v he_o by_o the_o samnite_n esteem_v it_o more_o honourable_a to_o command_v they_o that_o have_v gold_n then_o to_o have_v gold_n of_o his_o own_o howbeit_o such_o be_v the_o frailty_n of_o humane_a nature_n that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n man_n have_v always_o suffer_v their_o desire_n of_o money_n to_o increase_v with_o their_o wealth_n although_o it_o be_v to_o their_o ruin_n and_o destruction_n which_o caesar_n well_o discern_v as_o appear_v by_o that_o which_o he_o write_v to_o opius_n touch_v this_o accident_n haec_fw-la nova_fw-la sit_fw-la vincendi_fw-la ratio_fw-la ut_fw-la misericordia_fw-la &_o liberalitate_fw-la nos_fw-la muniamus_fw-la it_o be_v a_o new_a way_n of_o conquer_a to_o strengthen_v ourselves_o by_o mercifulnesse_n and_o liberality_n the_o six_z observation_n upon_o occasion_n of_o caesar_n calling_n unto_o he_o out_o of_o the_o town_n senatores_fw-la senatorumque_fw-la filios_fw-la equitesque_fw-la romanos_fw-la the_o senator_n son_n of_o senator_n and_o roman_a knight_n it_o shall_v not_o seem_v impertinent_a to_o note_v the_o degree_n and_o condition_n of_o state_n whereof_o the_o roman_a people_n consist_v for_o the_o better_a clear_n whereof_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o by_o that_o notable_a transaction_n at_o comitium_n between_o romulus_n and_o tatius_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o both_o those_o nation_n shall_v dwell_v together_o at_o romulus_n town_n which_o after_o his_o name_n shall_v be_v call_v rome_n and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o shall_v be_v name_v quirite_n after_o 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out_o of_o every_o tribe_n he_o further_o add_v three_o and_o one_o more_o of_o his_o own_o choose_n to_o make_v the_o number_n up_o a_o hundred_o who_o he_o establish_v as_o his_o council_n or_o senate_n senatus_n by_o who_o advice_n he_o resolve_v of_o all_o matter_n of_o consequence_n either_o concern_v peace_n or_o war_n as_o dionysius_n halicarnasseus_n note_v howbeit_o plutarch_n say_v 2._o they_o be_v seldom_o assemble_v but_o to_o understand_v the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o have_v no_o other_o preeminence_n in_o the_o commonweal_n save_v they_o be_v the_o first_o that_o do_v know_v what_o be_v purpose_v howsoever_o they_o be_v style_v by_o the_o name_n of_o senatores_fw-la quasi_fw-la seniores_fw-la as_o thereby_o qualify_v to_o be_v admit_v to_o counsel_n and_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n they_o be_v call_v patres_fw-la the_o senate_n be_v thus_o establish_v romulus_n select_v out_o of_o every_o of_o those_o curiae_fw-la ten_o young_a man_n and_o so_o make_v up_o the_o number_n 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favour_n of_o the_o people_n take_v a_o hundred_o of_o the_o commons_o and_o add_v they_o to_o the_o senate_n who_o be_v call_v senatores_fw-la minorum_fw-la gentium_fw-la gentium_fw-la and_o brutus_n have_v reduce_v it_o to_o a_o commonweal_n make_v they_o up_o three_o hundred_o out_o of_o the_o band_n of_o knight_n and_o from_o that_o time_n they_o be_v call_v patres_fw-la conscripti_fw-la conscripti_fw-la neither_o be_v they_o at_o all_o time_n limit_v in_o that_o number_n for_o the_o seditious_a gracchi_n add_v three_o hundred_o more_o unto_o they_o and_o julius_n caesar_n admit_v unto_o the_o senate_n all_o manner_n of_o person_n in_o which_o regard_n augustus_n as_o suetonius_n say_v senatorum_fw-la affluentem_fw-la numerum_fw-la deformi_fw-la &_o incondita_fw-la turba_fw-la erant_fw-la enim_fw-la super_fw-la mille_fw-la 35._o &_o quidam_fw-la indâ—gnissimi_fw-la ad_fw-la modum_fw-la pristinum_fw-la &_o splendorem_fw-la redegit_fw-la reduce_v the_o excessive_a number_n of_o senator_n which_o be_v become_v a_o deform_a and_o shapeless_a company_n for_o they_o be_v above_o a_o thousand_o and_o divers_a of_o they_o unworthy_a fellow_n to_o their_o ancient_a way_n and_o splendour_n concern_v a_o competency_n of_o wealth_n to_o make_v a_o man_n capable_a of_o the_o place_n of_o a_o senator_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o servius_n the_o king_n he_o that_o be_v worth_a a_o thousand_o ass_n which_o be_v about_o three_o hundred_o pound_n sterling_a be_v eligible_a but_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o empire_n increase_v a_o senator_n wealth_n be_v rate_v at_o nine_o thousand_o pound_n according_a to_o suetonius_n senatorum_fw-la censum_fw-la ampliavit_fw-la 41._o ac_fw-la pro_fw-la octingâ—ntorum_fw-la millium_fw-la summa_fw-la duodecies_fw-la hâ—s_n taxavit_n supplevitque_fw-la non_fw-la habentibus_fw-la the_o wealth_n of_o a_o roman_a knight_n be_v rate_v at_o three_o hundred_o threescore_o or_o thereabouts_o this_o corfinium_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o pelignian_o corfinium_n and_o stand_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o italy_n 6._o where_o all_o the_o confederate_a people_n
hill_n lead_v back_o their_o troop_n into_o the_o camp_n the_o three_o day_n caesar_n fortify_v his_o camp_n with_o a_o rampire_n and_o command_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o cohort_n and_o the_o carriage_n which_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o other_o camp_n to_o be_v bring_v unto_o he_o observation_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v for_o caesar_n custom_n throughout_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o war_n to_o approach_v as_o near_o the_o enemy_n as_o convenient_o he_o can_v that_o so_o he_o may_v the_o better_o observe_v his_o passage_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o take_v the_o favour_n of_o any_o opportunity_n which_o either_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n or_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o adversary_n will_v afford_v he_o which_o be_v the_o rather_o his_o advantage_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o dexterity_n and_o superlative_a knowledge_n in_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n together_o with_o the_o experience_n of_o his_o old_a legion_n whereby_o he_o be_v able_a not_o only_o to_o improve_v his_o own_o design_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o a_o honourable_a success_n but_o to_o return_v the_o disgrace_n of_o any_o attempt_n make_v upon_o his_o army_n upon_o the_o head_n of_o they_o that_o be_v author_n of_o the_o same_o for_o otherwise_o his_o accost_v so_o near_o a_o enemy_n may_v have_v turn_v to_o his_o own_o loss_n as_o be_v full_a of_o hazard_n and_o subject_n to_o more_o casualty_n than_o he_o that_o stand_v further_o off_o and_o therefore_o the_o rule_n be_v that_o he_o that_o desire_v to_o â—it_n near_o his_o adversary_n must_v be_v exceed_o circumspect_a and_o sure_a of_o some_o advantage_n either_o from_o the_o place_n or_o the_o over-awing_a power_n of_o his_o force_n or_o else_o out_o of_o his_o own_o virtue_n or_o by_o some_o other_o mean_n to_o oversway_n the_o inconvenience_n which_o attend_v such_o engagement_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o which_o frontinus_n observe_v hence_o touch_v the_o straight_o whereinto_o caesar_n be_v fall_v 5._o be_v either_o to_o give_v battle_n which_o the_o enemy_n refuse_v or_o to_o make_v good_a that_o place_n from_o whence_o he_o can_v not_o retreat_v but_o with_o danger_n whereupon_o a_o little_a before_o night_n be_v steal_v the_o make_n of_o a_o ditch_n on_o the_o back_n of_o his_o army_n and_o retire_v himself_o within_o the_o same_o stand_v in_o arm_n all_o night_n for_o his_o better_a safety_n the_o use_n of_o such_o ditch_n be_v of_o much_o importance_n and_o have_v oftentimes_o redeem_v a_o army_n from_o great_a extremity_n and_o be_v so_o frequent_a upon_o all_o occasion_n with_o the_o roman_n that_o he_o that_o shall_v deny_v they_o to_o be_v good_a ditcher_n shall_v do_v they_o wrong_n and_o not_o only_o they_o but_o other_o nation_n can_v tell_v how_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o spade_n pericles_z of_o athens_n be_v force_v by_o they_o of_o peloponnesus_n into_o a_o place_n that_o have_v but_o two_o outlet_n of_o escape_n sink_v a_o ditch_n of_o a_o great_a latitude_n thwart_o one_o of_o the_o passage_n as_o 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enemy_n and_o pass_v with_o ease_n over_o the_o water_n in_o like_a manner_n herculeius_n one_o of_o sertorius_n legates_n have_v rash_o enter_v with_o a_o small_a power_n into_o a_o long_a and_o narrow_a passage_n between_o two_o hill_n and_o find_v himself_o pursue_v by_o great_a force_n of_o the_o enemy_n sink_v a_o cross_a trench_n between_o the_o two_o mountain_n and_o pile_v the_o rampire_n with_o wood_n set_v it_o on_o fire_n and_o so_o cut_v off_o the_o enemy_n chap._n xvi_o caesar_n attempt_n to_o possess_v himself_o of_o a_o small_a hill_n what_o disadvantage_n he_o run_v into_o by_o miss_v of_o his_o purpose_n what_o mean_v he_o use_v to_o recover_v himself_o between_o the_o town_n of_o ilerda_n caesar_n and_o the_o next_o hill_n where_o petreius_n and_o afranius_n be_v encamp_v there_o be_v a_o plain_a of_o about_o three_o hundred_o pace_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o stand_v a_o little_a mole_n rise_v high_a than_o the_o rest_n which_o if_o caesar_n can_v get_v and_o fortify_v he_o hope_v to_o cut_v off_o the_o enemy_n from_o the_o town_n and_o the_o bridge_n and_o from_o such_o victual_n and_o provision_n as_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o town_n hereupon_o he_o take_v three_o legion_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o have_v put_v they_o into_o order_n of_o battle_n he_o command_v the_o antesignani_fw-la of_o one_o legion_n to_o run_v before_o &_o possess_v the_o place_n which_o be_v perceive_v the_o cohort_n that_o keep_v watch_v before_o afranius_n camp_n be_v present_o send_v a_o near_a way_n to_o take_v that_o mount_n the_o matter_n come_v to_o blow_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o afranius_n party_n come_v first_o to_o the_o place_n our_o man_n be_v beat_v back_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o new_a supply_n send_v against_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o turn_v their_o back_n and_o retire_v to_o the_o legion_n the_o manner_n of_o fight_n which_o those_o soldier_n use_v be_v first_o to_o run_v furious_o upon_o a_o enemy_n to_o seize_v any_o place_n bold_o and_o with_o great_a courage_n not_o much_o respect_v their_o order_n or_o rank_n but_o fight_v in_o a_o scatter_a and_o disperse_a fashion_n if_o they_o chance_v to_o be_v thorough_o charge_v they_o think_v it_o no_o shame_n to_o give_v way_n and_o retire_v accustom_v thereunto_o by_o frequent_v the_o lusitanian_o and_o other_o barbarous_a people_n use_v that_o kind_n of_o fight_n as_o it_o common_o fall_v out_o that_o where_o the_o soldier_n have_v long_o live_v they_o get_v much_o of_o the_o usage_n and_o condition_n of_o those_o place_n notwithstanding_o our_o man_n be_v much_o trouble_v thereat_o as_o unaccustomed_a to_o that_o kind_n of_o â—ight_n for_o see_v every_o man_n leave_v his_o rank_n and_o run_v up_o and_o down_o they_o fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v circumvent_v and_o set_v upon_o inflank_n and_o on_o their_o bare_a and_o open_a side_n whereas_o themselves_o be_v to_o keep_v their_o order_n and_o not_o to_o leave_v their_o place_n but_o upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n upon_o the_o rout_v of_o the_o antesignani_fw-la the_o legion_n that_o stand_v in_o the_o corneâ—_n leave_v the_o place_n and_o retreat_v to_o the_o next_o hill_n almost_o all_o the_o army_n be_v affright_v upon_o that_o which_o have_v happen_v beyond_o every_o man_n opinion_n contrary_a to_o former_a use_n caesar_n encourage_v his_o man_n bring_v out_o the_o nine_o legion_n to_o second_v they_o by_o that_o mean_n compel_v the_o enemy_n insolent_a of_o good_a success_n and_o shrewd_o pursue_v our_o man_n to_o turn_v their_o back_n and_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o town_n of_o ilerda_n and_o there_o to_o make_v a_o stand_n under_o the_o wall_n but_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o nine_o legion_n carry_v on_o with_o endeavour_n and_o go_v about_o to_o repair_v their_o loss_n rash_o follow_v the_o enemy_n into_o a_o place_n of_o disadvantage_n and_o come_v under_o the_o hill_n whereon_o the_o town_n stand_v and_o as_o they_o will_v have_v make_v their_o retreat_n they_o be_v charge_v afresh_o from_o the_o upper_a ground_n the_o front_n of_o the_o place_n have_v a_o uneasy_a break_a ascent_n and_o be_v on_o each_o side_n steep_a extend_v only_o so_o much_o in_o breadth_n as_o will_v serve_v three_o cohort_n to_o imbattell_v in_o neither_o can_v the_o cavalry_n come_v to_o help_v they_o the_o hill_n decline_v easy_o from_o the_o town_n about_o four_o hundred_o pace_n in_o length_n and_o that_o way_n our_o man_n have_v some_o conveniency_n of_o retreat_n from_o the_o disadvantage_n to_o which_o their_o desire_n have_v unadvised_o lead_v they_o the_o fight_n continue_v in_o this_o place_n which_o be_v very_o unequal_a both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o straightness_n thereof_o as_o also_o for_o that_o they_o stand_v under_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n whereby_o no_o weapon_n fall_v in_o vain_a among_o they_o notwithstanding_o
by_o prowess_n and_o valour_n they_o patient_o endure_v all_o the_o wound_n they_o receive_v the_o enemy_n force_n be_v supply_v and_o renew_v by_o such_o cohort_n as_o be_v often_o send_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n through_o the_o town_n that_o fresh_a man_n may_v take_v the_o place_n of_o such_o as_o be_v weary_v out_o and_o the_o like_a be_v caesar_n fain_o to_o do_v send_v fresh_a cohort_n to_o that_o place_n to_o relieve_v the_o weary_a after_o they_o have_v thus_o continual_o fight_v for_o the_o space_n of_o five_o hour_n together_o and_o that_o our_o man_n be_v much_o overcharge_v with_o a_o unequal_a multitude_n have_v spend_v all_o their_o weapon_n they_o draw_v their_o sword_n and_o ascend_v up_o the_o hill_n to_o charge_n and_o assault_v the_o enemy_n and_o have_v slay_v a_o few_o of_o they_o the_o rest_n be_v drive_v to_o make_v retreat_n the_o cohort_n be_v thus_o put_v back_o to_o the_o wall_n and_o some_o of_o they_o for_o fear_n have_v take_v the_o town_n our_o man_n find_v a_o easy_a retreat_n our_o cavalry_n do_v from_o a_o low_a ground_n get_v up_o unto_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o ride_v up_o and_o down_o between_o the_o two_o army_n make_v our_o soldier_n to_o retreat_n with_o better_a case_n and_o so_o the_o fight_n succeed_v diverse_o about_o seventy_o of_o our_o man_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o first_o on_o set_n and_o among_o these_o be_v slay_v q._n fulginius_n captain_n of_o the_o first_o hastate_n centurie_n of_o the_o fourteen_o legion_n who_o for_o his_o exceed_a valour_n be_v prefer_v to_o that_o place_n from_o the_o low_a order_n six_o hundred_o at_o least_o be_v wound_v and_o of_o afranius_n party_n be_v slay_v t._n caecilius_n centurion_n of_o a_o primipile_n order_n and_o four_o centurion_n more_o 4_o beside_o two_o hundred_o soldier_n but_o such_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o that_o day_n business_n that_o either_o side_n believe_v they_o leave_v with_o the_o better_a afranius_n party_n be_v so_o persuade_v for_o that_o they_o long_o stand_v to_o handy-blow_n and_o resist_v the_o violence_n of_o our_o soldier_n although_o in_o all_o man_n judgement_n they_o be_v the_o weak_a as_o also_o for_o that_o they_o at_o first_o take_v and_o hold_v the_o place_n which_o give_v occasion_n of_o that_o fight_n and_o in_o the_o first_o encounter_n compel_v our_o man_n to_o turn_v their_o back_n our_o man_n in_o like_a manner_n think_v they_o have_v the_o better_a in_o regard_n they_o have_v maintain_v fight_n for_o five_o hour_n together_o in_o a_o place_n of_o disadvantage_n and_o with_o a_o unequal_a multitude_n that_o they_o ascend_v up_o the_o hill_n with_o their_o sword_n draw_v and_o compel_v their_o adversary_n to_o turn_v their_o back_n and_o to_o retreat_v into_o the_o town_n maugre_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o place_n the_o first_o observation_n in_o this_o direction_n which_o caesar_n give_v to_o take_v the_o little_a hill_n between_o ilerda_n and_o afranius_n camp_n we_o may_v observe_v the_o danger_n depend_v upon_o the_o mischieving_a of_o a_o action_n for_o the_o fail_n of_o a_o purpose_n in_o seek_v to_o obtain_v that_o which_o will_v prove_v of_o great_a advantage_n do_v oftentimes_o draw_v man_n into_o as_o great_a inconvenience_n and_o as_o the_o end_n in_o every_o design_n pretend_v gain_v so_o the_o mean_n thereof_o do_v give_v way_n to_o hazard_v from_o whence_o it_o consequent_o follow_v that_o such_o as_o be_v employ_v in_o execution_n have_v need_n to_o use_v all_o endeavour_n not_o to_o falsify_v the_o ground_n of_o good_a direction_n by_o negligent_a or_o inconsiderate_a carriage_n but_o rather_o to_o make_v good_a any_o want_n or_o defect_n by_o serious_a and_o wary_a prosecution_n of_o the_o same_o and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o it_o special_o concern_v their_o good_a that_o have_v the_o charge_n and_o handle_n of_o command_n for_o they_o first_o be_v like_a to_o feel_v the_o smart_n of_o any_o error_n commit_v therein_o or_o otherwise_o to_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o any_o fortunate_a success_n consistit_fw-la forasmuch_o as_o virtue_n have_v all_o her_o praise_n from_o action_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o run_v we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o roman_n among_o other_o their_o exercise_n of_o arm_n have_v special_a practice_n of_o this_o eth._n as_o available_a in_o four_o respect_n 9_o according_a as_o vegetius_n have_v note_v run_v first_o to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v charge_v the_o enemy_n with_o great_a force_n and_o violence_n second_o that_o they_o may_v possess_v themselves_o with_o speed_n of_o place_n of_o advantage_n three_o that_o they_o may_v ready_o discover_v as_o shall_v be_v find_v expedient_a upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o last_o to_o prosecute_v a_o fly_a enemy_n to_o better_a purpose_n and_o effect_n 18._o and_o this_o as_o seneca_n say_v they_o practise_v in_o peace_n that_o be_v accustom_v to_o needless_a labour_n they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o discharge_v necessary_a duty_n and_o 26._o livy_n among_o the_o military_a exercise_n use_v by_o scipio_n to_o fit_v his_o man_n for_o those_o glorious_a exploit_n which_o he_o afterward_o achieve_v say_v that_o the_o first_o day_n the_o legion_n run_v four_o mile_n in_o arms._n and_o suetonius_n affirm_v that_o nero_n have_v appoint_v a_o race_n for_o the_o praetorian_a cohort_n carry_v a_o target_n lift_v up_o before_o they_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o that_o galba_n do_v more_o admirable_o for_o be_v suit_v of_o purpose_n to_o make_v himself_o eminent_a he_o direct_v a_o field-race_n with_o a_o target_n himself_o run_v as_o fast_o as_o the_o emperor_n chariot_n for_o twenty_o mile_n together_o the_o second_o observation_n the_o second_o thing_n to_o be_v note_v in_o these_o specialty_n be_v the_o bold_a enterprise_n of_o caesar_n man_n in_o charge_v the_o enemy_n with_o their_o sword_n draw_v against_o the_o hill_n whereby_o make_v they_o to_o give_v back_o they_o have_v a_o easy_a and_o safe_a retreat_n from_o the_o danger_n wherein_o they_o be_v engage_v whereby_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o difficulty_n of_o extremity_n be_v never_o better_o clear_v then_o by_o adventurous_a and_o desperate_a undertake_n according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o disease_n and_o distemperature_n of_o the_o body_n officiis_fw-la which_o be_v light_n and_o easy_a be_v cure_v with_o mild_a and_o easy_a potion_n but_o be_v grievous_a and_o doubtful_a do_v require_v sharp_a and_o strong_a remedy_n which_o do_v also_o in_o like_a manner_n appear_v throughout_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o nature_n and_o particular_o in_o weight_n for_o as_o ponderous_a and_o heavy_a body_n be_v not_o move_v but_o with_o a_o counterpoise_n of_o great_a force_n no_o more_o can_v extremity_n of_o hazard_n be_v avoid_v but_o by_o like_a perilous_a enforcement_n and_o hence_o grow_v the_o difference_n between_o true_a valour_n and_o foolhardy_a rashness_n be_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n if_o they_o be_v not_o distinguish_v by_o the_o subject_n wherein_o they_o be_v show_v for_o to_o run_v headlong_o into_o strange_a adventure_n upon_o no_o just_a occasion_n be_v to_o show_v more_o levity_n than_o discretion_n and_o again_o to_o use_v the_o like_a boldness_n in_o case_n of_o extremity_n deserve_v the_o opinion_n of_o virtuous_a endeavour_n as_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o homer_n 6._o in_o the_o person_n of_o hector_n persuade_v the_o trojan_n that_o flee_v away_o to_o stand_v and_o make_v a_o head_n against_o the_o grecian_n this_n be_v the_o time_n say_v he_o consider_v the_o danger_n wherein_o we_o be_v to_o use_v that_o prowess_n and_o courage_n which_o we_o boast_v of_o and_o according_o diomedes_z censure_v glaucus_n in_o the_o same_o place_n for_o offer_v himself_o to_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o grecian_n either_o thou_o be_v some_o god_n say_v he_o or_o else_o but_o a_o lose_a and_o forlorn_a man_n which_o may_v serve_v to_o learn_v we_o the_o true_a use_n of_o courage_n that_o ordinary_o be_v never_o more_o show_v then_o in_o misemployment_n the_o three_o observation_n i_o have_v already_o in_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o second_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n legion_n discourse_v particular_o of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o legion_n where_o it_o appear_v that_o in_o caesar_n time_n a_o legion_n consist_v of_o five_o thousand_o man_n or_o thereabouts_o and_o according_a to_o the_o sufficiency_n and_o experience_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n the_o first_o and_o mean_a of_o such_o as_o follow_v a_o ensign_n be_v call_v hastati_fw-la the_o second_o principes_fw-la and_o the_o three_o and_o chief_a sort_n triarii_n and_o according_a to_o this_o division_n have_v their_o place_n and_o precedency_n in_o the_o army_n again_o each_o of_o these_o three_o kind_n be_v divide_v into_o ten_o company_n which_o they_o call_v maniple_n and_o every_o maniple_n be_v subdivide_v into_o two_o century_n or_o order_n
and_o in_o every_o order_n there_o be_v a_o centurion_n or_o captain_n these_o order_n be_v distinguish_v by_o the_o number_n of_o the_o first_o second_o three_o and_o so_o consequent_o unto_o the_o ten_o order_n which_o be_v the_o last_o and_o low_a of_o each_o of_o these_o three_o kind_n so_o that_o this_o q._n fulginius_n here_o mention_v be_v centurion_n of_o the_o first_o and_o prime_a order_n of_o the_o hastati_fw-la and_o t._n caecilius_n centurion_n of_o the_o first_o order_n of_o the_o triarii_n which_o by_o excellency_n be_v call_v primipilus_fw-la or_o the_o leader_n of_o the_o first_o company_n of_o a_o legion_n now_o concern_v their_o imbattel_v we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o according_a to_o this_o former_a division_n of_o hastati_fw-la principes_fw-la and_o triarii_n upon_o occasion_n of_o fight_n they_o make_v a_o triple_a battle_n one_o stand_v in_o front_n to_o another_o which_o we_o call_v the_o vanguard_n battle_n and_o rearward_n whereof_o the_o hastati_fw-la be_v call_v antesignani_fw-la antesignani_fw-la not_o for_o that_o they_o have_v no_o ensign_n of_o their_o own_o for_o every_o maniple_n have_v a_o ensign_n but_o because_o they_o stand_v imbattel_v before_o the_o eagle_n and_o other_o the_o chief_a ensign_n of_o the_o legion_n 22._o to_o which_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o livy_n pugnaorta_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la illa_fw-la ordinata_fw-la per_fw-la hastatos_fw-la principesque_fw-la &_o triarios_fw-la nec_fw-la ut_fw-la pro_fw-la signis_fw-la antesignanus_fw-la post_fw-la signa_fw-la alia_fw-la pugnaret_fw-la acies_fw-la the_o fight_n begin_v not_o a_o regular_a fight_n by_o hastati_fw-la principes_fw-la and_o triarii_fw-la nor_o in_o that_o orderlinesse_n that_o the_o antesignani_fw-la fight_v before_o the_o ensign_n and_o another_o battle_n behind_o the_o ensign_n and_o again_o 9_o cadunt_fw-la antesignani_fw-la &_o ne_fw-la nudentur_fw-la propugnatoribus_fw-la signa_fw-la sit_fw-la ex_fw-la secunda_fw-la prima_fw-la acies_fw-la the_o antesignani_fw-la be_v cut_v down_o so_o that_o lest_o the_o ensign_n shall_v be_v leâ—t_o naked_a of_o defendant_n the_o second_o battle_n be_v make_v the_o first_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o most_o of_o the_o chief_a ensign_n be_v with_o the_o principes_fw-la which_o be_v call_v subsignani_fw-la as_o the_o triarii_fw-la post_fw-la signani_fw-la among_o other_o benefit_n of_o these_o so_o particular_a division_n of_o a_o army_n that_o be_v not_o the_o least_o which_o be_v note_v by_o thucydides_n 5._o ut_fw-la jussa_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la brevi_fw-la spacio_fw-la ad_fw-la singulos_fw-la milites_fw-la deferri_fw-la possent_fw-la the_o command_n of_o the_o general_n be_v thereby_o sudden_o transmit_v to_o every_o particular_a soldier_n chap._n xvii_o caesar_n bring_v into_o great_a extremity_n by_o overflow_a of_o two_o river_n the_o enemy_n fortify_v the_o mount_n for_o which_o they_o contend_v caesar_n with_o great_a and_o strong_a work_n and_o there_o put_v a_o garrison_n in_o the_o space_n of_o those_o two_o day_n that_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o do_v there_o fall_v out_o upon_o a_o sudden_a a_o great_a inconvenience_n for_o such_o a_o tempest_n happen_v that_o the_o like_a water_n be_v never_o see_v in_o those_o place_n and_o further_o beside_o the_o snow_n come_v down_o so_o abundant_o from_o the_o hill_n that_o it_o overflow_v the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n and_o in_o one_o day_n break_v down_o both_o the_o bridge_n which_o fabius_n have_v make_v and_o thereby_o bring_v caesar_n into_o great_a extremity_n for_o as_o it_o be_v former_o relate_v the_o camp_n lie_v between_o two_o river_n magnus_fw-la sicoris_n and_o cinga_n and_o within_o thirty_o mile_n neither_o of_o these_o river_n be_v passable_a so_o that_o all_o the_o army_n be_v of_o necessity_n coup_v up_o in_o that_o straightness_n neither_o can_v the_o city_n which_o have_v former_o range_v themselves_o with_o caesar_n party_n furnish_v any_o supply_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n nor_o such_o of_o the_o army_n as_o have_v go_v far_o for_o forage_v be_v hinder_v by_o the_o river_n can_v return_v to_o the_o camp_n nor_o yet_o the_o great_a convote_n and_o reenforcement_n come_v to_o he_o out_o of_o italy_n and_o gallia_n can_v get_v to_o the_o camp_n the_o time_n of_o year_n be_v very_o hard_o for_o there_o be_v neither_o old_a corn_n leave_v of_o their_o winter_n provision_n nor_o that_o on_o the_o ground_n be_v as_o yet_o ripe_a the_o city_n and_o town_n near_o about_o be_v all_o empty_v for_o afranius_n before_o caesar_n come_n have_v cause_v all_o the_o corn_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o ilerda_n and_o that_o which_o remain_v be_v since_o caesar_n come_v all_o spend_v and_o for_o cattle_n which_o may_v have_v relieve_v this_o necessity_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n they_o be_v remove_v by_o the_o border_a town_n and_o carry_v far_o off_o such_o as_o be_v go_v out_o to_o forage_v and_o to_o seek_v corn_n be_v by_o the_o light-armed_n portugall_n and_o the_o buckler-bearer_n of_o the_o hither_o spain_n much_o trouble_v and_o molest_v for_o these_o man_n can_v easy_o pass_v the_o river_n forasmuch_o as_o none_o of_o they_o use_v to_o go_v to_o war_n without_o bladder_n for_o that_o purpose_n on_o the_o contrary_a part_n afranius_n abound_v with_o all_o necessary_a provision_n great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n be_v former_o provide_v and_o store_v up_o much_o be_v bring_v in_o from_o all_o the_o province_n round_o about_o there_o be_v also_o great_a plenty_n of_o forage_n in_o his_o camp_n for_o the_o bridge_n at_o ilerda_n afford_v mean_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n without_o danger_n and_o the_o country_n beyond_o the_o river_n be_v whole_a and_o untouched_a which_o caesar_n can_v not_o come_v unto_o by_o any_o mean_n the_o water_n continue_v for_o many_o day_n together_o caesar_n use_v all_o mean_n to_o re-edify_a the_o bridge_n but_o neither_o the_o swell_a of_o the_o river_n will_v permit_v he_o nor_o yet_o the_o cohort_n of_o the_o enemy_n place_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o other_o side_n suffer_v he_o to_o go_v forward_o with_o it_o which_o they_o may_v easy_o hinder_v both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o river_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o water_n as_o also_o for_o that_o they_o may_v easy_o cast_v their_o weapon_n from_o along_o the_o bank_n unto_o one_o place_n or_o point_n whereby_o it_o be_v very_o hard_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n the_o river_n run_v so_o violent_o as_o it_o do_v to_o do_v the_o work_n and_o to_o shun_v the_o weapon_n the_o first_o observation_n first_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o strength_n of_o a_o multitude_n be_v not_o privilege_v from_o such_o casualty_n as_o betide_v the_o weakness_n of_o particular_a person_n but_o do_v oftentimes_o undergo_v extremity_n which_o can_v neither_o by_o providence_n be_v prevent_v nor_o remove_v by_o industry_n and_o be_v such_o as_o proceed_v not_o from_o the_o endeavour_n of_o a_o enemy_n but_o out_o of_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n together_o with_o such_o accident_n as_o be_v interlace_v with_o the_o same_o in_o respect_n whereof_o it_o be_v that_o cambyses_n tell_v cyrus_n est_fw-la that_o in_o the_o course_n of_o war_n he_o shall_v meet_v with_o some_o occasion_n wherein_o he_o be_v not_o to_o labour_n and_o contend_v with_o man_n but_o with_o chance_n and_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v overcome_v with_o less_o difficulty_n than_o a_o enemy_n and_o be_v the_o more_o dangerous_a according_a as_o they_o give_v way_n to_o scarcity_n and_o lack_n of_o victual_n for_o as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o same_o place_n scis_fw-la brevi_fw-la finem_fw-la habiturum_fw-la imperium_fw-la si_fw-la commeatu_fw-la exercitus_fw-la careat_fw-la cyri._fw-la you_o know_v that_o if_o your_o army_n be_v once_o starve_v your_o empire_n can_v be_v but_o short-lived_a the_o remedy_n whereof_o be_v first_o patience_n which_o be_v as_o requisite_a in_o a_o soldier_n as_o either_o courage_n or_o any_o other_o ability_n and_o in_o such_o case_n keep_v a_o army_n from_o discontentment_n and_o disorder_n until_o mean_n of_o better_a fortune_n and_o second_o good_a endeavour_n valet_fw-la which_o avail_v much_o in_o such_o chance_n the_o effect_n whereof_o will_v appear_v by_o that_o which_o caesar_n wrought_v to_o redeem_v his_o army_n from_o these_o inconvenience_n the_o second_o observation_n concern_v that_o which_o be_v here_o note_v of_o the_o spaniard_n river_n that_o make_v nothing_o of_o pass_v a_o river_n with_o the_o help_n of_o bladder_n which_o the_o roman_n be_v ready_a to_o wonder_v at_o then_o to_o imitate_v it_o be_v observe_v that_o as_o people_n exquisite_o fashion_v to_o a_o civil_a life_n by_o a_o firm_a and_o settle_a policy_n of_o government_n be_v firm_a and_o real_a in_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o their_o proceed_n and_o according_o do_v show_v their_o punctuality_n as_o well_o in_o their_o solemnity_n and_o private_a carriage_n as_o in_o their_o magnificent_a and_o stately_a building_n so_o on_o the_o other_o
be_v a_o stout_a and_o warlike_a people_n and_o use_v archery_n as_o appear_v in_o this_o place_n which_o howsoever_o the_o course_n of_o time_n have_v bring_v into_o utter_a contempt_n yet_o let_v we_o not_o scorn_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o ancient_o it_o have_v be_v use_v by_o such_o as_o perform_v the_o great_a feat_n of_o arm_n for_o hercules_n have_v but_o two_o sort_n of_o weapon_n to_o achieve_v labour_n of_o so_o much_o variety_n a_o club_n for_o such_o monster_n as_o will_v contest_v with_o his_o valour_n stymphaâ—â—dae_fw-la and_o bow_n and_o arrow_n for_o other_o that_o keep_v far_o off_o and_o in_o the_o old_a war_n of_o troy_n if_o homer_n may_v be_v believe_v pindarus_n duke_n of_o lycia_n 5._o have_v a_o stable_n of_o gallant_a courser_n leave_v they_o all_o at_o home_n lest_o he_o shall_v not_o find_v mean_n at_o troy_n to_o give_v they_o their_o ordinary_a keep_n and_o come_v on_o foot_n with_o his_o bow_n and_o arrow_n with_o such_o reputation_n of_o his_o deed_n of_o arm_n that_o aeneas_n seek_v he_o out_o in_o a_o conflict_n to_o resist_v the_o rage_n and_o extreme_a pressure_n of_o diomedes_n 7._o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a part_n teucer_n relieve_v the_o distress_a grecian_n from_o a_o hot_a and_o desperate_a pursuit_n by_o slay_v with_o his_o bow_n eight_o valiant_a trojan_n before_o he_o stir_v his_o foot_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o which_o weapon_n howsoever_o it_o may_v seem_v ridiculous_a to_o such_o as_o understand_v nothing_o but_o the_o course_n of_o the_o present_a age_n to_o recall_v the_o long_a bow_n to_o the_o service_n of_o a_o battle_n yet_o they_o may_v remember_v that_o the_o gray-goose_n wing_n give_v our_o forefather_n such_o advantage_n that_o they_o wrought_v wonder_n among_o all_o nation_n for_o deed_n of_o arm_n which_o we_o shall_v imitate_v with_o as_o much_o hope_n of_o success_n if_o we_o can_v handle_v our_o bow_n in_o any_o measure_n as_o they_o do_v of_o this_o i_o have_v already_o former_o treat_v the_o second_o observation_n it_o be_v a_o say_n as_o true_a as_o it_o be_v old_a alone_o that_o a_o ill_a hap_n come_v not_o alone_o but_o be_v always_o attend_v with_o such_o consequent_n as_o will_n enforce_v other_o inconvenience_n as_o may_v be_v observe_v by_o this_o extremity_n here_o mention_v for_o the_o mischief_n be_v not_o bound_v with_o the_o affliction_n which_o caesar_n suffer_v for_o want_v of_o needful_a provision_n notwithstanding_o the_o weight_n be_v such_o as_o can_v not_o be_v bear_v by_o ordinary_a patience_n but_o the_o enemy_n enlarge_v it_o to_o his_o further_a advantage_n vaunt_v of_o it_o as_o a_o helpless_a remedy_n and_o make_v out_o dispatch_v to_o send_v victory_n to_o rome_n which_o give_v he_o yet_o further_o prejudice_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o world_n and_o make_v those_o his_o enemy_n that_o former_o show_v no_o dislike_n of_o his_o proceed_n and_o thus_o every_o ill_a chance_n have_v a_o tail_n of_o many_o other_o misfortune_n which_o if_o either_o providence_n or_o endeavour_n may_v prevent_v it_o shall_v much_o import_v a_o commander_n to_o avoid_v they_o the_o three_o observation_n as_o necessity_n make_v man_n constant_a in_o their_o suffering_n 10._o so_o custom_n give_v easiness_n and_o mean_n of_o deliverance_n according_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o this_o direction_n of_o caesar_n which_o be_v whole_o draw_v from_o former_a experience_n for_o first_o the_o boat_n here_o prescribe_v be_v such_o as_o he_o use_v in_o the_o war_n of_o brittany_n and_o as_o far_o as_o may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o former_a commentary_n 5._o be_v those_o he_o command_v to_o be_v build_v for_o his_o second_o journey_n which_o he_o will_v now_o imitate_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o flatnesse_n of_o their_o bottom_n and_o not_o otherwise_o for_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o those_o bark_n be_v cover_v with_o skin_n unless_o peradventure_o he_o use_v some_o such_o as_o these_o upon_o occasion_n in_o that_o war_n not_o express_v in_o the_o story_n herodotus_n in_o his_o clio_n describe_v the_o like_a the_o boat_n say_v he_o which_o come_v from_o babylon_n down_o the_o river_n euphrates_n be_v make_v by_o the_o herdsman_n of_o armenia_n of_o light_a timber_n in_o a_o round_a fashion_n without_o beak_n or_o poup_n &_o be_v cover_v with_o skin_n the_o hiry_n side_n inward_a and_o in_o these_o they_o take_v their_o passage_n such_o as_o fish_v for_o salmon_n in_o the_o river_n of_o severâ—â—_n use_v the_o like_a boat_n in_o all_o respect_n corracle_n which_o they_o call_v corracle_n of_o corium_n be_v all_o cover_v with_o horse-skin_n tan_v second_o the_o mean_n he_o use_v to_o pass_v over_o without_o impeachment_n from_o the_o enemy_n by_o carry_v those_o boat_n in_o the_o nighttime_n up_o the_o river_n to_o a_o place_n of_o security_n be_v such_o the_o like_a whereof_o he_o have_v former_o practise_v in_o gallia_n to_o pass_v the_o river_n loire_n be_v then_o guard_v do_v the_o other_o side_n by_o the_o enemy_n whereby_o we_o see_v how_o much_o use_n and_o continuance_n do_v enable_v man_n beyond_o other_o of_o small_a experience_n according_a to_o that_o dies_fw-la diem_fw-la docet_fw-la one_o day_n teach_v another_o or_o old_a and_o wise_a chap._n xix_o the_o massilian_n encounter_v with_o brutus_n at_o sea_n and_o be_v beat_v while_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v at_o ilerda_n caesar_n the_o massilian_n by_o the_o direction_n of_o l._n domitius_n rig_v and_o set_v out_o 17_o galley_n whereof_o eleven_o be_v cover_v beside_o many_o lesser_a vessel_n which_o go_v along_o with_o they_o to_o make_v the_o navy_n seem_v the_o great_a for_o the_o astonishment_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o these_o they_o put_v a_o great_a number_n of_o archer_n and_o many_o albick_n of_o who_o we_o have_v former_o make_v mention_n encourage_v they_o both_o by_o reward_n and_o promise_n domitius_n require_v certain_a ship_n for_o himself_o and_o they_o he_o fill_v with_o shepherd_n and_o countryman_n which_o he_o have_v bring_v thither_o with_o he_o the_o navy_n be_v thus_o furnish_v set_v forward_o with_o great_a confidence_n towards_o our_o ship_n whereof_o d._n brutus_n be_v admiral_n and_o lay_v at_o anchor_n at_o a_o island_n right_o over_o against_o marseilles_n brutus_n be_v far_o inferior_a to_o the_o enemy_n in_o ship_v but_o caesar_n have_v pick_v the_o chief_a &_o valiant_a man_n out_o of_o all_o the_o legion_n as_o well_o of_o the_o antesignani_fw-la as_o centurion_n put_v they_o aboard_o the_o fleet_n they_o themselves_o require_v to_o be_v employ_v in_o that_o service_n these_o man_n have_v prepare_v hook_n and_o grapple_v of_o iron_n and_o have_v likewise_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o many_o pile_n and_o dart_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o weapon_n and_o understand_v of_o the_o enemy_n come_v put_v to_o sea_n and_o encounter_v with_o the_o massilian_n they_o fight_v on_o either_o side_n very_o valiant_o &_o fierce_o neither_o be_v the_o albick_n much_o inferior_a to_o our_o man_n in_o prowess_n be_v rough_a mountainous_a people_n exercise_v in_o arm_n and_o have_v a_o little_a before_o fall_v off_o from_o the_o massilian_n do_v now_o remember_v the_o late_a contract_n and_o league_n they_o have_v make_v with_o they_o the_o shepherd_n in_o like_a manner_n a_o rude_a and_o untamed_a kind_n of_o people_n stir_v up_o with_o hope_n of_o liberty_n do_v strive_v to_o show_v their_o valour_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o their_o master_n the_o massilian_n trust_v to_o the_o nimbleness_n of_o their_o ship_n and_o in_o the_o skill_n and_o dexterity_n of_o their_o pilot_n do_v frustrate_v in_o a_o delude_a manner_n the_o shock_n of_o our_o ship_n when_o they_o come_v violent_o to_o stem_v they_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v sea-room_n enough_o they_o draw_v out_o their_o navy_n at_o length_n to_o compass_v and_o enclose_v our_o man_n about_o and_o sometime_o they_o will_v single_a out_o one_o of_o our_o ship_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o with_o divers_a of_o â—_z together_a or_o wipe_v off_o a_o side_n of_o their_o oar_n in_o their_o passage_n along_o by_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o deal_v at_o hand_n leave_v aside_o the_o art_n &_o skill_n of_o the_o pilot_n they_o take_v themselves_o to_o the_o stoutness_n and_o valour_n of_o the_o highlander_n our_o man_n be_v fain_o to_o use_v worse_a oar-man_n and_o more_o unskilful_a pilot_n who_o be_v late_o take_v out_o of_o ship_n of_o burden_n do_v not_o well_o know_v the_o true_a name_n of_o the_o tackle_n and_o be_v much_o trouble_v with_o the_o heaviness_n and_o sluggishness_n of_o the_o ship_n which_o be_v make_v in_o haste_n of_o unseasoned_a timber_n be_v not_o so_o nimbie_fw-mi or_o ready_a for_o use_v but_o as_o the_o matter_n come_v to_o handy-blow_n every_o single_a ship_n do_v willing_o undertake_v two_o at_o once_o and_o have_v grapple_v with_o either_o
of_o they_o fight_v on_o each_o side_n enter_v valiant_o the_o enemy_n ship_n kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o highlander_n and_o shepherd_n part_v of_o the_o ship_n they_o sink_v some_o they_o take_v with_o the_o man_n and_o the_o rest_n they_o beat_v back_o into_o the_o haven_n that_o day_n the_o massilian_n lose_v nine_o ship_n with_o those_o that_o be_v take_v this_o news_n be_v bring_v to_o caesar_n at_o ilerda_n the_o first_o observation_n i_o have_v former_o observe_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o sea-fight_n sea-fight_n consist_v of_o three_o part_n the_o first_o be_v their_o nimble_a and_o skilful_a manage_n of_o their_o ship_n either_o forcible_o to_o assault_v or_o to_o lavire_n and_o bear_v off_o as_o may_v fall_v for_o their_o best_a advantage_n wherein_o the_o massilian_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o skillfulness_n of_o their_o pilot_n have_v great_a confidence_n the_o second_o be_v their_o fight_n before_o they_o come_v to_o grapple_v as_o well_o with_o great_a engine_n such_o as_o be_v their_o balistae_fw-la and_o catapultae_n cast_v stone_n and_o log_n of_o wood_n one_o against_o another_o as_o also_o with_o sling_n arrow_n and_o dart_n resemble_v our_o great_a artillery_n and_o small_a shot_n for_o which_o purpose_n their_o ship_n be_v build_v with_o fore-castles_a and_o turret_n and_o other_o advantage_n of_o height_n for_o their_o cast_a weapon_n the_o three_o be_v their_o grapple_a and_o forcible_a entry_n wherein_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o matter_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o valour_n the_o legionary_a soldier_n carry_v the_o cause_n whence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o their_o legion_n be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o their_o valiant_a and_o worthy_a man_n as_o well_o for_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o land_n be_v â—itted_v by_o the_o discipline_n of_o their_o military_a exercise_n to_o undertake_v any_o service_n subject_n to_o humane_a industry_n whereof_o they_o gâ—ve_v a_o account_n worthy_a the_o school_n wherein_o they_o be_v instruct_v 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courage_n and_o valour_n of_o our_o cavalry_n do_v not_o so_o free_o range_v abroad_o as_o they_o have_v wont_a to_o do_v sometime_o seek_v forage_n within_o a_o small_a distance_n of_o the_o camp_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v find_v a_o safe_a and_o easy_a retreat_n if_o occasion_n require_v sometime_o fetch_v a_o great_a compass_n about_o to_o avoid_v the_o guard_n and_o station_n of_o our_o horseman_n and_o if_o they_o have_v receive_v but_o the_o least_o check_n or_o have_v but_o descry_v the_o cavalry_n afar_o off_o they_o will_v have_v cast_v down_o their_o burden_n and_o flee_v away_o at_o last_o they_o omit_v forage_v for_o many_o day_n together_o and_o which_o be_v never_o use_v by_o any_o nation_n send_v out_o to_o seek_v it_o in_o the_o night_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n those_o of_o osca_n and_o calaguris_n osca_n be_v in_o league_n together_o calaguris_fw-la send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n with_o offer_n of_o their_o service_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o shall_v 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off_o revolt_v from_o afranius_n and_o cleave_v to_o caesar_n party_n the_o enemy_n be_v much_o affright_a and_o abash_v at_o these_o thing_n caesar_n to_o avoid_v the_o great_a circuit_n by_o which_o he_o continual_o send_v his_o horseman_n about_o by_o the_o bridge_n have_v get_v a_o convenient_a place_n resolve_v to_o make_v many_o trench_n of_o thirty_o foot_n in_o breadth_n by_o which_o he_o may_v drain_v some_o part_n of_o the_o river_n sicoris_n and_o make_v it_o passable_a by_o a_o ford_n these_o trench_n be_v almost_o make_v afâ—anius_n and_o petreius_n do_v thereupon_o conceive_v a_o great_a fear_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v cut_v off_o altogether_o from_o victual_n and_o forage_v forasmuch_o as_o caesar_n be_v very_o strong_a in_o horse_n and_o therefore_o they_o determine_v to_o leave_v that_o place_n and_o transfer_v the_o war_n into_o celtiberia_n be_v the_o rather_o thereunto_o induce_v for_o that_o of_o those_o two_o contrary_a faction_n which_o in_o the_o former_a war_n have_v stand_v for_o l._n sertorius_n such_o city_n as_o be_v subdue_v by_o pompey_n do_v yet_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o his_o name_n and_o authority_n and_o such_o as_o from_o the_o beginning_n have_v continue_v firm_a unto_o he_o do_v entire_o love_v he_o for_o the_o great_a benefit_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o among_o who_o caesar_n name_n be_v not_o know_v there_o they_o expect_v great_a succour_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o to_o keep_v the_o war_n on_o foot_n until_o winter_n this_o advice_n be_v agree_v upon_o they_o give_v order_n to_o take_v up_o all_o the_o boat_n that_o be_v on_o the_o river_n iberus_n octogesa_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o octogesa_n a_o town_n site_v upon_o iberus_n twenty_o mile_n from_o the_o camp_n there_o they_o command_v a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n to_o be_v make_v and_o transport_v two_o legion_n over_o sicoris_n fortify_v their_o camp_n with_o a_o rampire_n of_o twelve_o foot_n
afranius_n in_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o few_o day_n triumph_v of_o caesar_n overthrow_n and_o flee_v away_o for_o fear_n of_o his_o power_n whence_o we_o may_v note_v the_o advantage_n come_v to_o a_o party_n when_o they_o shake_v off_o any_o eminent_a distress_n for_o as_o the_o extremity_n thereof_o threaten_v ruin_n and_o destruction_n so_o the_o alteration_n bring_v with_o it_o a_o opinion_n of_o victory_n and_o sure_o such_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o misery_n that_o when_o the_o storm_n be_v over_o and_o the_o bitterness_n of_o the_o affliction_n alaid_z good_a time_n come_v redouble_v upon_o the_o patient_n as_o though_o the_o vicissitude_n of_o thing_n do_v enforce_v contrary_a effect_n and_o therefore_o a_o commander_n know_v the_o advantage_n of_o such_o a_o opportunity_n must_v endeavour_v to_o improve_v the_o same_o as_o may_v best_o serve_v to_o a_o speedy_a end_n chap._n xxi_o the_o enemy_n set_v forward_o and_o be_v stay_v by_o caesar_n the_o enemy_n thereupon_o think_v it_o expedient_a for_o he_o to_o make_v the_o more_o haste_n caesar_n and_o therefore_o leave_v two_o auxiliary_a cohort_n for_o the_o safe_a keep_n of_o ilerda_n he_o transport_v all_o his_o force_n over_o the_o river_n sicoris_n and_o encamp_v himself_o with_o the_o two_o legion_n which_o former_o he_o have_v carry_v over_o there_o remain_v nothing_o for_o caesar_n to_o do_v but_o with_o his_o cavalry_n to_o impeach_v and_o trouble_v the_o enemy_n in_o their_o march_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v a_o great_a compass_n about_o to_o go_v by_o the_o bridge_n whereby_o it_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o enemy_n will_v get_v to_o iberus_n a_o far_o near_a way_n he_o pass_v over_o his_o horseman_n by_o the_o ford_n about_o the_o three_o watch_n as_o petreius_n and_o afranius_n have_v raise_v their_o camp_n upon_o a_o sudden_a the_o cavalry_n show_v themselves_o in_o the_o rear_n &_o swarm_v about_o they_o in_o great_a multitude_n begin_v to_o stay_v and_o 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river_n where_o the_o horse_n go_v over_o caesar_n move_v through_o their_o desire_n and_o importunity_n albeit_o he_o fear_v to_o expose_v his_o army_n to_o a_o river_n of_o that_o greatness_n yet_o he_o think_v it_o expedient_a to_o put_v it_o to_o trial_n and_o therefore_o command_v that_o the_o weak_a soldier_n of_o all_o the_o century_n shall_v be_v take_v out_o who_o courage_n or_o strength_n show_v a_o disabilitie_n to_o undertake_v that_o service_n and_o these_o he_o leave_v in_o the_o camp_n with_o one_o legion_n to_o defend_v the_o same_o bring_v out_o the_o other_o legion_n without_o carriage_n or_o burden_n and_o have_v set_v a_o great_a number_n of_o horse_n and_o cattle_n both_o above_o and_o below_o in_o the_o river_n he_o transport_v his_o army_n over_o some_o few_o of_o the_o soldier_n be_v carry_v away_o with_o the_o stream_n be_v succour_v and_o take_v up_o by_o the_o horseman_n insomuch_o as_o not_o one_o man_n perish_v the_o army_n carry_v thus_o over_o in_o safety_n he_o range_v they_o in_o order_n and_o march_v forward_o with_o a_o threefold_a battle_n such_o be_v the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o albeit_o they_o have_v set_v a_o circuit_n of_o six_o mile_n to_o the_o ford_n afternoon_n and_o have_v spend_v much_o time_n in_o pass_v the_o river_n yet_o by_o the_o nine_o hour_n they_o do_v overtake_v the_o enemy_n that_o rise_v about_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n assoon_o as_o afranius_n and_o petreius_n have_v discover_v the_o legion_n afar_o off_o be_v terrify_v with_o the_o novelty_n of_o that_o pursuit_n they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o upper_a ground_n and_o there_o imbattel_v their_o troop_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n caesar_n refresh_v his_o army_n in_o the_o field_n and_o will_v not_o suffer_v they_o be_v weary_a to_o give_v battle_n and_o as_o the_o enemy_n try_v again_o to_o go_v on_o in_o their_o march_n he_o follow_v after_o and_o stay_v they_o whereby_o they_o be_v force_v to_o incamp_v soon_o then_o be_v purpose_v for_o there_o be_v hill_n a_o little_a before_o they_o and_o for_o five_o mile_n together_o the_o passage_n be_v very_o difficult_a and_o narrow_a by_o which_o mean_n be_v advance_v between_o the_o hill_n they_o hope_v to_o be_v free_a from_o caesar_n cavalry_n and_o by_o keep_v the_o passage_n to_o hinder_v the_o army_n from_o follow_v after_o to_o the_o end_n they_o themselves_o may_v without_o peril_n or_o fear_n put_v their_o force_n over_o the_o river_n iberus_n which_o by_o all_o mean_n be_v to_o be_v effect_v nevertheless_o be_v weary_v with_o travail_v and_o fight_v all_o day_n they_o put_v off_o the_o business_n to_o the_o next_o morning_n caesar_n also_o encamp_v himself_o on_o the_o next_o hill_n and_o about_o midnight_n some_o of_o their_o party_n be_v go_v out_o from_o the_o camp_n somewhat_o far_o off_o to_o fetch_v water_n be_v take_v by_o the_o horseman_n by_o they_o caesar_n be_v advertise_v that_o the_o enemy_n with_o silence_n begin_v to_o remove_v and_o to_o lead_v their_o troop_n out_o of_o their_o camp_n whereupon_o he_o command_v the_o sign_n of_o rise_v to_o be_v give_v conclamari_fw-la and_o the_o cry_n dislodging_n and_o truss_v up_o their_o baggage_n to_o be_v take_v up_o according_a to_o the_o discipline_n and_o use_n of_o soldier_n the_o enemy_n hear_v the_o cry_n fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v impeach_v in_o the_o night_n and_o force_v to_o fight_v with_o their_o burden_n on_o their_o back_n or_o to_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o those_o straight_a passage_n by_o caesar_n horseman_n stay_v their_o journey_n and_o keep_v their_o force_n within_o their_o camp_n observation_n this_o passage_n over_o sicoris_n fustinendun_v be_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o he_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n loire_n in_o the_o seven_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n of_o gallia_n vado_fw-la per_fw-la equites_fw-la invento_fw-la pro_fw-la rei_fw-la necessitate_v opportuno_fw-it ut_fw-la brachia_n modo_fw-la atque_fw-la humeri_fw-la ad_fw-la sustinenda_fw-la arma_fw-la liberi_fw-la ab_fw-la aqua_fw-la esse_fw-la possent_fw-la disposito_fw-la equitatu_fw-la qui_fw-la vim_o fluminis_fw-la frangerent_fw-la incolumem_fw-la exercitum_fw-la transduxit_fw-la the_o horseman_n have_v find_v a_o ford_n indifferent_a convenient_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o necessity_n they_o be_v put_v to_o livy_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o soldiery_n may_v have_v their_o arm_n and_o shoulder_n at_o liberty_n aquae_fw-la and_o not_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o water_n from_o carry_v their_o weapon_n he_o so_o dispose_v his_o horse_n that_o he_o break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o river_n with_o they_o and_o so_o carry_v his_o army_n over_o in_o safety_n the_o horse_n that_o stand_v above_o break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o water_n and_o those_o that_o be_v below_o take_v up_o such_o as_o be_v overcome_v with_o the_o stream_n 4._o and_o withal_o give_v courage_n to_o the_o soldier_n to_o venture_v with_o better_a assurance_n see_v the_o passage_n empale_v in_o on_o each_o side_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o miscarry_v alexander_n his_o attempt_n upon_o sicoris_n to_o abate_v the_o swell_a pride_n of_o that_o river_n by_o divide_v it_o into_o many_o stream_n be_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o first_o 〈◊〉_d cyrus_n who_o take_v displeasure_n at_o the_o river_n cyndes_n next_o unto_o euphrates_n the_o great_a river_n of_o assâ—ria_n draw_v it_o into_o three_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o channel_n croesus_n not_o find_v the_o river_n halis_n passable_a by_o a_o ford_n just_a and_o have_v no_o mean_n to_o make_v a_o bridge_n sink_v a_o great_a trench_n behind_o the_o camp_n from_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o river_n and_o so_o draw_v all_o the_o water_n behind_o his_o army_n vegetius_n have_v a_o particular_a discourse_n of_o pass_v a_o army_n over_o a_o river_n 7_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o bridge_n or_o boat_n or_o by_o wade_v or_o swim_v
or_o any_o other_o way_n to_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n chap._n xxii_o asranius_n seek_v to_o take_v the_o straits_n between_o certain_a mountain_n but_o be_v prevent_v by_o caesar_n the_o next_o day_n follow_v petreius_n go_v out_o secret_o with_o a_o few_o horse_n to_o discover_v the_o country_n and_o for_o the_o samepurpose_o some_o go_v likewise_o out_o of_o caesar_n camp_n l._n decidius_n saxa_n be_v send_v with_o a_o small_a troup_n to_o view_v the_o site_n of_o the_o place_n and_o either_o party_n return_v with_o the_o same_o report_n that_o for_o 〈…〉_z five_o mile_n the_o way_n be_v open_a and_o champain_n and_o afterward_o very_o rough_a and_o mountainous_a and_o whosoever_o first_o take_v those_o straight_o may_v easy_o impeach_v the_o enemy_n from_o go_v further_o the_o matter_n be_v dispute_v in_o the_o council_n of_o war_n by_o petreius_n and_o afranius_n the_o time_n of_o their_o set_n forward_o be_v debate_v 4._o most_o of_o they_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o take_v their_o journey_n in_o the_o night_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o may_v come_v to_o those_o straits_n before_o it_o be_v perceive_v other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o steal_v out_o in_o the_o night_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o cry_n of_o rise_v take_v up_o the_o night_n before_o in_o caesar_n camp_n upon_o their_o remove_n and_o caesar_n horseman_n do_v so_o range_v abroad_o in_o the_o night_n that_o all_o place_n and_o passage_n be_v keep_v and_o shut_v up_o neither_o be_v they_o to_o give_v occasion_n of_o night_n fight_v but_o to_o avoid_v the_o same_o by_o all_o the_o mean_n they_o can_v forasmuch_o as_o in_o civil_a dissension_n the_o ordinary_a soldier_n will_v rather_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v over_o master_v by_o fear_n then_o continue_v firm_a in_o the_o allegiance_n which_o he_o have_v swear_v unto_o whereas_o in_o the_o day_n time_n every_o man_n have_v shame_n and_o dishonour_n before_o his_o eye_n together_o with_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o centurion_n and_o tribune_n with_o which_o respect_v a_o soldier_n be_v restrain_v and_o keep_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o duty_n and_o therefore_o the_o attempt_n be_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o be_v undertake_v in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o although_o it_o â—ell_v out_o to_o some_o loss_n yet_o nevertheless_o the_o body_n of_o the_o army_n may_v pass_v in_o safety_n and_o possess_v that_o place_n which_o they_o seek_v for_o this_o opinion_n prevail_v in_o their_o consultation_n they_o determine_v by_o break_n of_o day_n the_o next_o mornning_n to_o set_v forward_o caesar_n have_v diligent_o view_v the_o country_n as_o soon_o as_o day_n begin_v to_o appear_v draw_v all_o his_o force_n out_o of_o his_o camp_n and_o march_v forward_o in_o a_o great_a circuit_n miâ—aces_fw-la keep_v no_o direct_a way_n for_o the_o way_n which_o lead_v to_o iberus_n and_o octogesa_n be_v take_v up_o with_o the_o enemy_n camp_n insomuch_o as_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v over_o great_a and_o difficult_a valley_n and_o in_o many_o place_n break_a rock_n and_o stone_n do_v so_o hinder_v they_o that_o they_o be_v necessary_o force_v to_o give_v their_o weapon_n from_o hand_n to_o hand_n the_o soldier_n lift_v up_o one_o another_o and_o so_o they_o pass_v most_o part_n of_o the_o way_n howsoever_o â—_o no_o man_n think_v much_o of_o the_o labour_n for_o that_o they_o hope_v to_o give_v a_o end_n to_o all_o their_o travel_n if_o they_o can_v keep_v the_o enemy_n from_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n iâ—erus_n and_o cut_v off_o his_o cheval_n at_o the_o first_o afranius_n soldier_n run_v joyful_o out_o of_o their_o camp_n to_o see_v the_o army_n cast_v out_o word_n of_o derision_n and_o reproach_n that_o for_o want_v of_o victual_n they_o flee_v and_o return_v to_o ilerda_n for_o the_o way_n they_o hold_v be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o that_o they_o intend_v whereby_o they_o seem_v to_o go_v back_o again_o and_o the_o commander_n themselves_o do_v much_o approve_v their_o own_o counsel_n that_o they_o have_v keep_v their_o troop_n within_o the_o camp_n for_o that_o which_o confirm_v they_o in_o their_o opinion_n be_v that_o they_o perceive_v they_o be_v come_v out_o without_o their_o carriage_n whereby_o they_o hope_v necessity_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o continue_v long_o there_o but_o when_o they_o see_v the_o troop_n by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o wind_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o that_o they_o perceive_v how_o those_o that_o be_v in_o front_n have_v fall_v backward_o beyond_o their_o camp_n there_o be_v no_o man_n so_o dull_a but_o think_v it_o expedient_a present_o to_o march_v out_o and_o make_v head_n against_o they_o whereupon_o they_o cry_v to_o arm_n and_o all_o their_o force_n except_v some_o few_o cohort_n which_o be_v leave_v to_o keep_v the_o camp_n go_v out_o and_o march_v direct_o towards_o iberus_n the_o whole_a business_n consist_v in_o speed_n and_o celerity_n which_o of_o the_o two_o shall_v first_o take_v the_o straits_n and_o possess_v the_o hill_n caesar_n army_n be_v hinder_v by_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o way_n and_o afranius_n party_n be_v retard_v by_o caesar_n cavalry_n the_o matter_n be_v come_v to_o that_o upshot_n that_o if_o afranius_n party_n do_v first_o get_v the_o hill_n they_o may_v haply_o quâ—â—_n themselves_o of_o danger_n but_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n and_o the_o cohort_n leave_v in_o the_o camp_n can_v not_o be_v save_v for_o be_v intercept_v and_o seclude_v by_o caesar_n army_n there_o be_v no_o mean_n to_o relieve_v they_o it_o 〈◊〉_d that_o caesar_n first_o attain_v the_o place_n and_o be_v come_v out_o from_o among_o those_o great_a rock_n into_o a_o plain_a champain_n put_v his_o army_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n against_o the_o enemy_n afranius_n see_v the_o enemy_n in_o front_n and_o his_o rearward_n hardly_o charge_v by_o caesar_n cavalry_n get_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o small_a hill_n &_o there_o make_v his_o stand_n and_o from_o thence_o send_v four_o cohort_n bear_v round_a buckler_n unto_o a_o mountain_n which_o in_o all_o man_n sight_n be_v high_a than_o the_o rest_n command_v they_o to_o run_v as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v and_o possess_v that_o hill_n intend_v to_o follow_v after_o with_o all_o his_o force_n and_o alter_v his_o course_n to_o get_v along_o the_o ridge_n and_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o octogesa_n as_o the_o cohort_n be_v advance_v forward_o by_o a_o oblique_a circuit_n caesar_n cavalry_n perceive_v their_o intendment_n set_v upon_o they_o with_o such_o violence_n that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a any_o time_n to_o bear_v their_o charge_n but_o be_v surround_v by_o they_o and_o all_o cut_n in_o piece_n in_o the_o fight_n of_o both_o army_n the_o first_o observation_n 〈◊〉_d petreius_n and_o afranius_n in_o their_o council_n of_o war_n resolve_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o shun_v night_n encounter_n as_o a_o thing_n full_a of_o hazard_n and_o uncertainty_n and_o apt_a for_o looseness_n and_o disobedience_n for_o the_o night_n be_v neither_o a_o discoverer_n of_o error_n nor_o yet_o a_o distinguisher_n either_o of_o action_n or_o person_n but_o wrap_v up_o both_o the_o virtuous_a and_o the_o faulty_a in_o her_o mantle_n of_o obscurity_n do_v not_o admit_v of_o direction_n to_o follow_v a_o opportunity_n or_o to_o help_v a_o mistake_n but_o rather_o give_v way_n to_o impunity_n and_o licentious_a confusion_n leave_v no_o hope_n of_o what_o be_v wish_v flagitium_fw-la whereas_o the_o light_n be_v a_o witness_n of_o every_o man_n demeanour_n and_o have_v both_o honour_n and_o rebuke_v to_o make_v duty_n respect_v for_o which_o cause_n 〈…〉_z curio_n as_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o next_o commentary_n in_o his_o harangue_n before_o that_o untimely_a expedition_n against_o king_n juba_n thus_o reject_v their_o advice_n that_o will_v have_v have_v he_o set_v forward_o in_o the_o night_n at_o etiam_fw-la ut_fw-la media_fw-la nocte_fw-la proficiscamur_fw-la addunt_fw-la quo_fw-la majorem_fw-la credo_fw-la licentiam_fw-la habeant_fw-la qui_fw-la peccare_fw-la conantur_fw-la namque_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la res_fw-la aut_fw-la pudore_fw-la aut_fw-la metu_fw-la tenentur_fw-la quibus_fw-la rebus_fw-la nox_fw-la maxim_n adversaria_fw-la est_fw-la further_o than_o this_o they_o advise_v we_o to_o set_v out_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o night_n that_o so_o i_o think_v those_o man_n who_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o do_v mischief_n may_v take_v the_o great_a liberty_n for_o in_o the_o daytime_n they_o will_v be_v restrain_v either_o through_o shame_n or_o fear_n to_o both_o which_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n be_v a_o great_a adversary_n and_o that_o the_o danger_n may_v appear_v as_o well_o by_o effect_n as_o by_o discourse_n let_v the_o reader_n take_v notice_n of_o that_o battle_n by_o night_n between_o antonius_n primus_fw-la on_o the_o behalf_n of_o vespasian_n and_o the_o vitellian_a legion_n near_o unto_o
the_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o keep_v such_o ordinance_n as_o their_o militia_n require_v until_o at_o length_n that_o the_o corruption_n of_o time_n falsify_v the_o simplicity_n and_o truth_n of_o word_n do_v enforce_v they_o to_o give_v a_o potest_fw-la oath_n as_o the_o sure_a bond_n of_o faith_n and_o obedience_n as_o be_v note_v by_o livy_n at_o large_a 22._o the_o soldier_n say_v he_o which_o be_v never_o before_o that_o time_n practise_v be_v swear_v by_o the_o tribune_n to_o appear_v upon_o summons_n from_o the_o consul_n and_o not_o to_o depart_v without_o leave_n for_o until_o then_o there_o be_v nothing_o require_v of_o they_o but_o a_o solemn_a promise_n which_o the_o horseman_n make_v by_o their_o decury_n and_o the_o foot_n troop_n by_o their_o century_n not_o to_o leave_v their_o colour_n by_o flight_n or_o through_o fear_n not_o to_o forsake_v their_o rank_n unless_o it_o be_v either_o to_o assault_v a_o enemy_n to_o take_v up_o a_o offensive_a weapon_n or_o to_o save_v a_o citizen_n which_o be_v at_o first_o but_o the_o offer_n of_o a_o free_a mind_n be_v now_o by_o the_o tribune_n require_v by_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n the_o form_n of_o this_o oath_n be_v diverse_o vary_v as_o appear_v by_o aul._n gel._n 4._o and_o more_o special_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n for_o caligula_n make_v this_o addition_n to_o the_o soldier_n oath_n that_o they_o shall_v hold_v neither_o their_o life_n nor_o their_o child_n dear_a unto_o they_o then_o the_o emperor_n caiâ—s_v and_o his_o sister_n concern_v the_o respect_n have_v of_o this_o military_a oath_n that_o which_o tully_n report_v of_o cato_n be_v of_o excellent_a note_n popilius_n popilius_n have_v charge_n of_o the_o province_n of_o macedonia_n have_v among_o other_o roman_a youth_n cato_n son_n a_o young_a soldier_n in_o his_o army_n and_o be_v occasion_v to_o dismiss_v a_o legion_n discharge_v likewise_o young_a cato_n be_v one_o of_o that_o legion_n but_o he_o desirous_a to_o bear_v arm_n in_o that_o war_n continue_v still_o in_o the_o army_n whereupon_o cato_n write_v from_o rome_n to_o popilius_n require_v he_o that_o if_o he_o suffer_v his_o son_n to_o remain_v in_o that_o war_n he_o will_v by_o any_o mean_n swear_v he_o again_o for_o be_v discharge_v of_o his_o first_o oath_n he_o can_v not_o lawful_o fight_v against_o the_o enemy_n ever_o since_o constantine_n the_o great_a the_o soldier_n be_v swear_v by_o a_o christian_a oath_n 5._o as_o vegetius_n note_v to_o obey_v all_o thing_n the_o emperor_n shall_v command_v they_o not_o to_o leave_v their_o warfare_n without_o licence_n not_o to_o shun_v death_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o public_a weal._n and_o at_o this_o day_n among_o other_o nation_n a_o oath_n be_v give_v to_o the_o soldier_n upon_o his_o inrollment_n to_o this_o effect_n well_o and_o lawful_o to_o serve_v the_o king_n towards_o all_o man_n and_o against_o all_o without_o exception_n of_o person_n and_o if_o they_o know_v any_o thing_n concern_v his_o service_n to_o reveal_v the_o same_o incontinent_o not_o to_o leave_v their_o colour_n without_o leave_n either_o of_o the_o general_n or_o his_o lieutenant_n the_o ancient_a roman_n do_v charge_v their_o solemn_a and_o public_a oath_n with_o many_o ceremony_n as_o appear_v by_o that_o form_n which_o be_v use_v in_o ratify_a treaty_n and_o transaction_n their_o herald_n kill_v a_o hog_n and_o cry_v out_o withal_o that_o the_o like_a will_v happen_v to_o he_o that_o first_o falsify_v his_o faith_n polybius_n report_v histor_n that_o he_o that_o read_v the_o oath_n whereby_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n swear_v their_o accord_n have_v the_o hair_n of_o his_o head_n tiedup_n in_o a_o extraordinary_a manner_n the_o party_n invocate_a their_o jupiter_n to_o grant_v all_o prosperity_n to_o he_o that_o without_o fraud_n or_o deceit_n do_v enter_v into_o that_o agreement_n but_o if_o say_v he_o that_o take_v the_o oath_n i_o shall_v either_o do_v or_o purpose_n otherwise_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v safe_a and_o sound_a let_v i_o alone_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o law_n and_o justice_n of_o my_o country_n in_o my_o own_o habitation_n and_o dwelling_n and_o within_o my_o proper_a temple_n and_o sepulcher_n perish_v most_o unfortunate_o even_o as_o this_o stone_n fly_v out_o of_o my_o hand_n and_o as_o he_o speak_v those_o word_n he_o cast_v away_o a_o stone_n i_o do_v not_o â—ind_v the_o use_n of_o a_o military_a oath_n in_o our_o nation_n howbeit_o the_o common_a form_n of_o our_o oath_n be_v as_o ceremonious_a and_o significative_a as_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o which_o may_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o 3_o part_n it_o contain_v as_o i_o have_v see_v they_o allegorize_v in_o some_o antiquity_n for_o first_o the_o book_n be_v always_o a_o part_n of_o holy_a writ_n imply_v a_o renunciation_n of_o all_o the_o promise_n therein_o contain_v second_o the_o touch_v it_o with_o our_o hand_n infer_v the_o like_a defiance_n of_o our_o work_n never_o to_o be_v successful_a or_o help_a unto_o we_o three_o the_o kiss_n of_o the_o book_n import_v a_o vain_a mispending_a of_o our_o vow_n &_o prayer_n if_o we_o falsify_v any_o thing_n thereby_o aver_v chap._n xxv_o the_o endeavour_n which_o asranius_n use_v to_o return_v to_o ilerda_n but_o fail_v in_o his_o design_n fhe_o matter_n be_v in_o this_o extremity_n caesar_n of_o two_o mean_n which_o be_v leave_v unto_o they_o it_o be_v think_v the_o ready_a and_o more_o expedient_a to_o return_v to_o ilerda_n for_o have_v leave_v there_o behind_o they_o a_o little_a corn_n they_o hope_v to_o take_v some_o good_a course_n for_o the_o sequel_n tarraco_n be_v further_o off_o and_o thereby_o subject_a to_o more_o casualty_n concern_v their_o passage_n in_o regard_v whereof_o they_o resolve_v of_o the_o former_a course_n and_o so_o dislodge_v themselves_o caesar_n have_v send_v his_o cavalry_n before_o to_o encumber_v and_o retard_v the_o rere-guard_n follow_v after_o himself_o with_o the_o legion_n the_o hindmost_a troop_n of_o their_o army_n be_v constrain_v without_o any_o intermission_n of_o time_n to_o fight_v with_o our_o horseman_n and_o their_o manner_n of_o fight_n be_v thus_o certain_a expedite_a cohort_n free_a of_o carriage_n march_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o their_o army_n and_o in_o open_a and_o champain_n place_n many_o of_o these_o cohort_n make_v a_o stand_n to_o confront_v our_o cavalry_n if_o they_o be_v to_o ascend_v up_o a_o hill_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n do_v easy_o repel_v the_o danger_n wherewith_o they_o be_v threaten_v forasmuch_o as_o such_o as_o go_v before_o may_v easy_o from_o the_o high_a ground_n protect_v they_o that_o follow_v after_o but_o when_o they_o come_v to_o a_o valley_n or_o descent_n that_o those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o former_a rank_n can_v not_o help_v they_o in_o the_o rear_n the_o horseman_n from_o the_o upper_a ground_n do_v cast_v their_o weapon_n with_o great_a ease_n and_o facility_n upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o then_o continual_o they_o be_v in_o great_a hazard_n &_o danger_n and_o still_o as_o they_o approach_v near_o unto_o such_o place_n they_o call_v to_o the_o legion_n and_o will_v they_o to_o make_v a_o stand_n with_o their_o ensign_n and_o so_o by_o great_a force_n and_o violence_n repel_v our_o cavalry_n who_o be_v retire_v back_o they_o will_v sudden_o take_v a_o run_a and_o get_v all_o down_o into_o the_o valley_n and_o present_o again_o be_v to_o ascend_v into_o high_a ground_n they_o will_v there_o make_v a_o stand_n for_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v help_n of_o their_o own_o cavalry_n whereof_o they_o have_v a_o great_a number_n that_o they_o be_v glad_a to_o take_v they_o between_o their_o troop_n be_v much_o affright_v with_o former_a encounter_n and_o so_o to_o shelter_v and_o protect_v they_o of_o who_o if_o any_o chance_v upon_o occasion_n to_o stray_v aside_o out_o of_o the_o rout_n the_o army_n hold_v they_o be_v present_o attach_v by_o caesar_n horseman_n the_o fight_n continue_v in_o this_o manner_n they_o proceed_v slow_o on_o their_o way_n advancing_z forward_z but_o by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o oftentimes_o stand_v still_o to_o succour_v and_o relieve_v their_o party_n as_o thâ—â—_n it_o fall_v out_o for_o have_v go_v but_o four_o mile_n on_o their_o way_n be_v very_o hardly_o lay_v to_o and_o much_o press_v by_o our_o cavalry_n they_o take_v to_o a_o exceed_o high_a hill_n and_o there_o put_v themselves_o into_o one_o front_n of_o a_o battle_n fortify_v their_o camp_n keep_v their_o carriage_n lade_v upon_o their_o horse_n assoon_o as_o they_o perceive_v that_o caesar_n camp_n be_v set_v and_o that_o the_o tenâ—s_n be_v up_o and_o their_o horse_n put_v to_o grass_n they_o rise_v sudden_o about_o midday_n upon_o hope_n of_o some_o respite_n by_o reason_n of_o our_o horse_n put_v
out_o to_o feed_v and_o go_v on_o their_o journey_n which_o caesar_n perceive_v rose_n and_o follow_v after_o leave_v a_o few_o cohort_n to_o keep_v the_o carriage_n and_o about_o the_o ten_o hour_n command_v the_o forager_n and_o horseman_n to_o be_v call_v back_o &_o to_o follow_v after_o instant_o the_o cavalry_n return_v and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o accustom_a charge_n the_o fight_n be_v very_o sharp_a in_o the_o rear_n insomuch_o as_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o turn_v their_o back_n mâ—ny_o soldier_n and_o some_o of_o the_o centurion_n be_v slay_v caesar_n troop_n press_v hard_o upon_o they_o and_o threaten_v the_o overthrow_n of_o their_o whole_a army_n insomuch_o as_o they_o have_v neither_o mean_n to_o choose_v a_o fit_a place_n to_o incamp_v in_o nor_o to_o proceed_v forward_o in_o their_o march_n whereby_o they_o be_v necessary_o enforce_v to_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o to_o pâ—â—h_v their_o camp_n far_o from_o any_o water_n in_o a_o unequal_a and_o disadvantageous_a place_n but_o caesar_n forbear_v to_o meddle_v with_o they_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o have_v be_v former_o declare_v and_o for_o that_o day_n will_v not_o suffer_v the_o soldier_n to_o set_v up_o their_o tent_n that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o ready_a to_o follow_v after_o at_o what_o time_n soever_o by_o night_n or_o by_o day_n they_o shall_v offer_v to_o break_v away_o the_o enemy_n have_v observe_v the_o defect_n of_o our_o camp_n employ_v all_o that_o night_n in_o advance_v their_o work_n and_o in_o cast_v their_o camp_n with_o a_o opposite_a front_n to_o our_o army_n the_o like_a they_o do_v all_o the_o next_o day_n but_o so_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o by_o how_o much_o their_o camp_n be_v bring_v far_o on_o and_o the_o fortification_n grow_v near_a to_o finish_v by_o so_o much_o far_o off_o they_o be_v from_o water_n and_o so_o remedy_v one_o evil_a with_o a_o worse_a mischief_n the_o first_o night_n none_o of_o they_o go_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n to_o fetch_v water_n and_o the_o next_o day_n they_o lead_v out_o all_o their_o troop_n together_o to_o water_n but_o send_v no_o man_n out_o to_o forage_v whereby_o caesar_n find_v they_o oppress_v with_o many_o inconvenience_n choose_v rather_o to_o force_v they_o to_o a_o composition_n then_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o the_o observation_n in_o this_o troublesome_a and_o confuse_a retreat_n which_o these_o commander_n undertake_v to_o regain_v the_o advantage_n that_o former_o they_o have_v quit_v at_o ilerda_n we_o may_v observe_v the_o difficulty_n attend_v a_o weak_a party_n when_o they_o will_v free_v themselves_o from_o the_o pressure_n of_o a_o strong_a confront_v enemy_n for_o the_o frailty_n of_o humane_a fortune_n be_v always_o so_o yoke_v with_o encumbrance_n and_o have_v so_o many_o let_v from_o the_o native_a weakness_n of_o its_o own_o endeavour_n that_o if_o the_o opposition_n of_o foreign_a malice_n shall_v therewithal_o unhappy_o concur_v to_o stop_v the_o current_n of_o our_o desire_n there_o be_v little_a hope_n of_o better_a success_n then_o that_o which_o the_o ordinary_a condition_n of_o extremity_n do_v afford_v which_o be_v to_o hazard_v the_o peril_n of_o a_o wound_n in_o seek_v to_o avoid_v the_o smart_n of_o a_o rod_n charybdim_n and_o to_o fall_v into_o scylla_n upon_o a_o desire_n we_o have_v to_o shun_v charybdis_n according_a as_o it_o befall_v this_o party_n wherein_o let_v we_o far_o note_v the_o advantage_n which_o a_o commander_n have_v either_o to_o take_v or_o leave_v when_o he_o be_v able_a to_o overmaster_v the_o enemy_n in_o cavalry_n for_o the_o horseman_n serve_v a_o army_n royal_a by_o make_v discovery_n by_o forage_v by_o give_v rescue_n upon_o a_o sudden_a by_o do_v execution_n and_o retard_v a_o enemy_n in_o his_o march_n if_o overawe_v by_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o enemy_n they_o can_v perform_v these_o service_n as_o be_v requisite_a the_o contrary_a party_n be_v the_o strong_a by_o so_o many_o advantage_n chap._n xxvi_o caesar_n go_v about_o to_o enclose_v the_o enemy_n and_o he_o to_o hinder_v caesar_n howbeit_o caesar_n labour_v to_o enclose_v they_o about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n câ—sar_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v with_o better_a ease_n hinder_v their_o sudden_a sally_n and_o eruption_n to_o which_o he_o think_v the_o enemy_n will_v necessary_o betake_v themselves_o the_o enemy_n be_v streighten_v for_o want_n of_o forage_n and_o to_o the_o end_n also_o they_o may_v be_v the_o ready_a to_o escape_v away_o cause_v all_o their_o horse_n of_o carriage_n to_o be_v kill_v and_o in_o these_o work_n and_o consultation_n be_v two_o day_n spend_v the_o three_o day_n a_o great_a part_n of_o caesar_n work_n be_v already_o perfect_v the_o enemy_n to_o hinder_v the_o business_n intend_v concern_v the_o fortification_n about_o two_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n make_v the_o alarm_n dâ—to_fw-la bring_v out_o the_o legion_n and_o imbattel_v themselves_o under_o their_o camp_n caesar_n call_v back_o the_o legion_n from_o their_o work_n and_o command_v all_o his_o horse_n to_o troup_n together_o put_v his_o army_n in_o battle_n for_o have_v make_v such_o a_o show_n of_o unwillingness_n to_o buckle_v with_o the_o enemy_n against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o opinion_n of_o all_o man_n he_o find_v himself_o subject_a thereupon_o to_o much_o inconvenience_n bellum_fw-la howbeit_o he_o be_v resolve_v for_o the_o reason_n already_o specify_v not_o to_o strike_v a_o battle_n and_o the_o rather_o at_o this_o time_n for_o that_o the_o space_n between_o his_o camp_n and_o the_o enemy_n be_v so_o little_a that_o if_o he_o have_v put_v they_o to_o flight_n it_o can_v not_o have_v much_o avail_v he_o for_o the_o gain_n of_o a_o perfect_a and_o absolute_a victory_n for_o their_o camp_n be_v not_o above_o two_o thousand_o foot_n asunder_o hostem_fw-la whereof_o the_o army_n take_v up_o two_o part_n and_o the_o three_o be_v leave_v for_o incursion_n and_o assault_n so_o that_o if_o he_o have_v give_v battle_n in_o that_o nearness_n of_o the_o camp_n they_o will_v have_v find_v a_o speedy_a retreat_n upon_o their_o overthrow_n 4_o for_o which_o cause_n he_o resolve_v to_o stand_v upon_o his_o defence_n and_o not_o to_o give_v the_o onset_n and_o charge_v they_o first_o afranius_n have_v put_v his_o army_n in_o a_o double_a battle_n the_o first_o consist_v of_o five_o legion_n and_o the_o auxiliary_a cohort_n which_o usual_o serve_v in_o the_o wing_n be_v now_o place_v for_o succour_n and_o make_v the_o second_o battle_n casar_n army_n be_v order_v in_o a_o triple_a battle_n the_o first_o be_v of_o four_o cohort_n a_o piece_n of_o the_o five_o legion_n the_o second_o of_o three_o and_o the_o three_o again_o of_o three_o of_o each_o legion_n follow_v in_o order_n the_o archer_n and_o slinger_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o the_o cavalry_n on_o the_o side_n be_v thus_o both_o imbattel_v they_o seem_v to_o obtain_v their_o several_a end_n caesar_n not_o to_o fight_v unless_o he_o be_v force_v to_o it_o and_o the_o enemy_n to_o hinder_v caesar_n fortification_n but_o the_o matter_n be_v draw_v out_o in_o length_n they_o stand_v imbattel_v until_o sun-seting_a and_o then_o return_v both_o into_o their_o camp_n the_o first_o observation_n contra_fw-la opinionem_fw-la enim_fw-la militum_fw-la famamque_fw-la omnium_fw-la videri_fw-la praelio_fw-la diffugisse_fw-la magnum_fw-la detrimentum_fw-la afferebat_fw-la have_v make_v a_o show_n of_o unwillingness_n to_o buckle_v with_o the_o enemy_n against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o man_n he_o find_v himself_o subject_a to_o much_o inconvenience_n say_v the_o history_n whence_o we_o may_v observe_v two_o point_n first_o that_o a_o commander_n in_o strike_v a_o field_n must_v partly_o be_v direct_v by_o his_o army_n for_o he_o may_v neither_o fight_v against_o the_o like_n of_o the_o soldier_n nor_o withhold_v they_o from_o fight_v when_o they_o be_v willing_a to_o embrace_v it_o if_o other_o circumstance_n do_v indifferent_o concur_v therewithal_o hound_n for_o when_o man_n be_v command_v to_o do_v what_o they_o will_v do_v the_o matter_n be_v thorough_o undertake_v and_o the_o issue_n be_v common_o answerable_a to_o the_o readiness_n of_o their_o desire_n but_o be_v restrain_v in_o their_o affection_n and_o put_v beside_o their_o aptness_n of_o their_o voluntary_a disposition_n there_o grow_v such_o a_o contrariety_n between_o the_o general_n order_n and_o the_o soldier_n obedience_n as_o will_v hardly_o sympathize_v to_o beget_v good_a fortune_n and_o if_o a_o leader_n of_o that_o same_o and_o opinion_n and_o so_o well_o know_v to_o his_o army_n as_o caesar_n be_v grow_v into_o distaste_n with_o his_o soldier_n upon_o so_o good_a cause_n which_o he_o have_v to_o shun_v a_o battle_n what_o hazard_n that_o commander_n run_v into_o who_o seldom_o or_o never_o
desire_v to_o see_v a_o parallel_n draw_v between_o caesar_n and_o the_o other_o leader_n for_o matter_n of_o war_n it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o take_v the_o issue_n for_o a_o square_a of_o their_o direction_n civil_a be_v draw_v to_o this_o head_n within_o forty_o day_n after_o caesar_n come_v within_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o curio_n note_v in_o his_o speech_n to_o the_o soldier_n cato_n see_v the_o prosperous_a success_n of_o caesar_n against_o pompey_n say_v their_o be_v a_o great_a uncertainty_n in_o the_o government_n of_o their_o god_n allude_v peradventure_o to_o that_o of_o plato_n in_o his_o politic_n where_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v age_n wherein_o the_o god_n do_v govern_v the_o world_n in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o there_o be_v other_o time_n wherein_o they_o altogether_o neglect_v the_o same_o the_o world_n take_v a_o course_n quite_o contrary_a to_o that_o which_o the_o god_n direct_v but_o lucan_n speak_v from_o a_o sure_a ground_n where_o he_o say_v victrix_n causa_fw-la diis_fw-la placuit_fw-la sed_fw-la victa_fw-la catoni_fw-la the_o conquer_a cause_n please_v jove_n the_o conquer_a cato_n and_o thus_o end_v the_o first_o commentary_n the_o second_o commentary_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n the_o argument_n this_o commentary_n have_v three_o special_a part_n the_o first_o contain_v the_o siege_n of_o marseilles_n the_o strange_a work_n and_o extreme_a endeavour_n to_o take_v and_o to_o keep_v the_o town_n the_o second_o express_v the_o vain_a labour_n which_o pompey_n lieutenant_n undertake_v after_o that_o afranius_n and_o petreius_n be_v defeat_v to_o keep_v the_o province_n of_o andaluzia_n out_o of_o caesar_n power_n and_o command_v and_o the_o three_o part_n consist_v of_o the_o expedition_n curio_n make_v into_o africa_n and_o end_v with_o his_o overthrow_n chap._n i._n the_o preparation_n for_o the_o siege_n as_o well_o within_o as_o without_o the_o town_n whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o spain_n câ—sar_n c._n trebonius_n the_o legate_n be_v leave_v to_o besiege_v marseilles_n have_v begin_v in_o two_o place_n to_o raise_v mount_n to_o make_v mantelet_n and_o tower_n against_o the_o town_n one_o next_o unto_o the_o port_n where_o the_o ship_n lay_v and_o the_o other_o in_o the_o way_n lead_v from_o gallia_n and_o spain_n into_o the_o town_n just_a upon_o the_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n near_o unto_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr for_o three_o part_n of_o marseilles_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n wash_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o four_o be_v that_o which_o give_v passage_n by_o land_n whereof_o that_o part_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o castle_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n and_o fortify_v with_o a_o deep_a ditch_n will_v require_v a_o long_a and_o difficult_a siege_n for_o the_o perfect_a of_o those_o work_n trebonius_n have_v command_v out_o of_o all_o the_o province_n great_a store_n of_o horse_n for_o carriage_n and_o a_o multitude_n of_o man_n require_v they_o to_o bring_v rod_n to_o make_v hurdle_n and_o other_o material_n for_o the_o work_n which_o be_v prepare_v &_o bring_v together_o he_o raise_v a_o mount_n of_o fourscore_o foot_n high_a but_o such_o be_v the_o provision_n which_o of_o ancient_a time_n they_o have_v store_v up_o in_o the_o town_n of_o all_o equipage_n and_o necessary_n for_o the_o war_n with_o such_o provision_n of_o munition_n and_o engine_n that_o no_o hurdle_n make_v of_o rod_n or_o osier_n be_v able_a to_o bear_v out_o the_o force_n thereof_o for_o out_o of_o their_o great_a balistae_fw-la they_o shoot_v beam_n of_o twelve_o foot_n long_o point_v with_o iron_n with_o such_o force_n as_o they_o will_v pierce_v through_o four_o course_n of_o hurdle_n and_o stick_v in_o the_o earth_n whereby_o they_o be_v force_v to_o roof_n their_o porticuâ—_fw-la gallery_n with_o timber_n of_o a_o foot_n square_a and_o to_o bring_v matter_n that_o way_n by_o hand_n to_o make_v the_o testudo_fw-la mount_n a_o testudo_fw-la of_o sixty_o foot_n in_o length_n be_v always_o carry_v before_o for_o the_o level_n of_o the_o ground_n make_v of_o mighty_a strong_a timber_n cover_v and_o arm_v with_o all_o thing_n which_o may_v defend_v it_o from_o fire_n and_o stone_n or_o what_o else_o shall_v be_v cast_v upon_o it_o but_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o work_n the_o height_n of_o the_o wall_n and_o tower_n together_o with_o the_o multitude_n of_o engine_n do_v retard_v and_o hinder_v the_o proceed_n thereof_o moreover_o the_o albici_n do_v make_v often_o sally_v out_o of_o the_o town_n set_v fire_n to_o the_o mount_v and_o to_o the_o turret_n which_o be_v keep_v by_o our_o soldier_n with_o great_a facility_n and_o ease_n force_v such_o as_o sally_v out_o to_o return_v with_o great_a loss_n observation_n have_v describe_v in_o the_o former_a commentary_n these_o engine_n and_o work_n here_o mention_v the_o reader_n may_v please_v for_o his_o better_a satisfaction_n to_o review_v those_o place_n as_o also_o far_o to_o note_v telum_fw-la that_o the_o word_n artillery_n be_v bring_v down_o to_o these_o age_n from_o the_o use_n of_o ancient_a engine_n which_o consist_v of_o those_o two_o primitives_n arcus_n and_o telum_fw-la and_o according_a as_o diversity_n of_o art_n and_o wit_n find_v mean_n to_o fit_v these_o to_o use_v and_o occasion_n so_o have_v they_o several_a and_o distinct_a name_n whereof_o i_o find_v chief_o these_o balistae_fw-la catapultae_n tolenones_n scorpiones_fw-la onagri_fw-la of_o each_o of_o which_o there_o be_v divers_a and_o several_a sort_n as_o first_o of_o the_o balistae_fw-la some_o be_v call_v centenariae_fw-la other_o talentariae_fw-la according_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o bullet_n or_o weapon_n they_o shoot_v of_o the_o rate_n and_o proportion_n whereof_o vitruvius_n and_o his_o learned_a interpreter_n daniel_n barbarus_fw-la 17._o have_v make_v accurate_a description_n again_o some_o be_v make_v to_o shoot_v stone_n as_o appear_z by_o that_o of_o tacitus_n 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occidentis_fw-la duo_fw-la mangonella_n quae_fw-la turrim_fw-la veterem_fw-la contriverunt_fw-la &_o unum_fw-la mangonellum_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la australi_fw-la etc._n etc._n on_o the_o east_n side_n be_v place_v one_o engine_n to_o cast_v stone_n and_o two_o mangonel_n which_o continual_o play_v upon_o the_o tower_n and_o on_o the_o west_n side_n two_o mangonel_n which_o beat_v down_o the_o old_a tower_n and_o one_o mangonel_n on_o the_o south_n side_n etc._n etc._n but_o our_o powder_n have_v blow_v all_o these_o out_o of_o use_n it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o insist_v long_o upon_o they_o chap._n ii_o the_o marseillian_o prepare_v themselves_o for_o a_o sea-fight_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n caesar_n l._n nasidius_n be_v send_v by_o cn._n pompeius_n with_o a_o navy_n of_o sixteen_o ship_n among_o which_o some_o few_o have_v their_o beak-head_n of_o iron_n to_o the_o succour_n and_o supply_v of_o l._n domitius_n and_o the_o marseillian_o he_o pass_v the_o straits_n of_o sicily_n messinâ—_n before_o curio_n have_v intelligence_n thereof_o and_o put_v
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happen_v they_o may_v see_v nothing_o further_a to_o be_v endeavour_v for_o their_o safety_n and_o if_o they_o overcome_v they_o may_v rest_v in_o hope_n to_o save_v their_o city_n either_o by_o their_o own_o valour_n or_o by_o foreign_a help_n observation_n communi_fw-la fit_a vitio_fw-la naturae_fw-la ut_fw-la invisis_fw-la latitantibus_fw-la atque_fw-la incognitis_fw-la rebus_fw-la magis_fw-la confidamus_fw-la vehementiusque_fw-la exterreamur_fw-la ut_fw-la tum_fw-la accidit_fw-la it_o come_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o common_a fault_n of_o nature_n etc._n etc._n in_o case_n of_o hazard_n thing_n bring_v unto_o we_o by_o report_n do_v more_o abuse_v our_o judgement_n either_o in_o conceive_v too_o great_a hope_n or_o yield_v too_o much_o to_o distrust_v than_o any_o matter_n present_a can_v move_v or_o enforce_v for_o these_o perturbation_n attend_v upon_o our_o will_n be_v enlarge_v more_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o our_o desire_n then_o as_o they_o be_v direct_v by_o 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marseillian_o be_v want_v in_o no_o point_n of_o valour_n but_o bear_v in_o mind_n such_o exhortation_n as_o a_o little_a before_o have_v be_v give_v they_o by_o their_o friend_n they_o fight_v so_o resolute_o as_o though_o they_o mean_v not_o to_o fight_v again_o or_o as_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v chance_v to_o miscarry_v in_o that_o battle_n he_o shall_v make_v account_n that_o he_o do_v but_o anticipate_v for_o a_o small_a moment_n of_o time_n the_o fatal_a end_n of_o his_o fellow-citizen_n who_o upon_o take_v of_o the_o town_n be_v to_o undergo_v the_o same_o fortune_n of_o war_n our_o ship_n put_v on_o by_o little_a and_o little_a be_v glad_a to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o nimbleness_n and_o mobility_n of_o their_o ship_n which_o by_o the_o skill_n of_o their_o pilot_n be_v well_o manage_v and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o our_o man_n have_v find_v mean_n to_o grapple_v with_o any_o of_o their_o ship_n they_o present_o come_v on_o all_o side_n to_o their_o rescue_n neither_o do_v 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some_o of_o brutus_n party_n that_o be_v near_o about_o they_o set_v upon_o they_o be_v thus_o distress_v and_o quick_o sink_v they_o both_o the_o ship_n that_o come_v with_o nasidius_n be_v find_v of_o no_o use_n and_o therefore_o quick_o leave_v the_o fight_n for_o there_o be_v not_o offer_v there_o unto_o they_o either_o the_o sight_n of_o their_o country_n or_o the_o exhortation_n and_o prayer_n of_o their_o kinsfolk_n and_o ally_n as_o motive_n to_o hazard_v their_o life_n in_o that_o quarrel_n so_o that_o of_o they_o there_o be_v none_o want_v of_o the_o ship_n that_o come_v out_o from_o marseilles_n five_o be_v sink_v and_o four_o take_v one_o escape_v with_o nasidius_n fleet_n which_o make_v towards_o the_o hither_o spain_n one_o of_o they_o that_o remain_v be_v send_v before_o to_o marseilles_n who_o come_v as_o a_o messenger_n before_o the_o rest_n and_o approach_v near_o unto_o the_o town_n all_o the_o
multitude_n run_v out_o to_o hear_v the_o news_n which_o be_v once_o know_v there_o be_v such_o a_o general_a mourning_n and_o desolation_n as_o though_o the_o town_n be_v instant_o to_o be_v take_v by_o the_o enemy_n notwithstanding_o they_o leave_v not_o off_o to_o make_v ready_a such_o necessary_n as_o be_v requisite_a for_o defence_n of_o the_o same_o observation_n the_o benefit_n a_o town_n besiege_v receive_v from_o a_o open_a inlet_n by_o sea_n can_v be_v better_a manifest_v then_o by_o the_o siege_n of_o ostend_n for_o by_o that_o occasion_n special_o it_o endure_v the_o most_o famous_a siege_n that_o be_v in_o christendom_n these_o many_o year_n this_o l._n nasidius_n be_v rather_o a_o constant_a friend_n to_o the_o cause_n than_o a_o fortunate_a admiral_n for_o afterward_o he_o refuse_v not_o to_o take_v the_o like_a overthrow_n for_o pompey_n the_o son_n cassius_n at_o leucades_n as_o he_o do_v now_o for_o the_o father_n and_o sure_o it_o fall_v out_o whether_o it_o be_v 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voyage_n to_o the_o south_n and_o sir_n martin_n frobisher_n for_o discovery_n to_o the_o north._n howbeit_o these_o late_a time_n have_v advantage_n without_o comparison_n of_o former_a age_n through_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o sea-compass_n with_o the_o needle_n which_o be_v find_v out_o little_o more_o than_o three_o hundred_o year_n ago_o by_o one_o flavus_n bear_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n without_o which_o no_o ship_n can_v shape_v a_o course_n in_o the_o ocean_n and_o to_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v add_v more_o than_o to_o find_v a_o perfect_a and_o ready_a direction_n for_o longitude_n chap._n four_o the_o work_n which_o the_o legionary_a soldier_n make_v against_o the_o town_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o legionary_a soldier_n caesar_n that_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o right_a part_n of_o the_o work_n that_o it_o will_v much_o advantage_v they_o against_o the_o often_o eruption_n and_o sally_n of_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o build_v a_o tower_n of_o 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out_o on_o which_o the_o fire_n which_o the_o enemy_n shall_v cast_v may_v take_v hold_v and_o then_o pave_v that_o floor_n with_o as_o much_o brick_n as_o the_o mantelet_n and_o gabion_n will_v suffer_v to_o be_v lay_v upon_o this_o terrace_n thus_o make_v they_o lay_v cross_a beam_n along_o the_o side_n as_o a_o foundation_n to_o a_o upper_a story_n for_o the_o top_n and_o cover_v of_o the_o tower_n and_o upon_o these_o beam_n they_o raise_v cross_a timber_n thwart_v each_o other_o for_o the_o side_n of_o the_o tower_n and_o couple_v they_o at_o the_o top_n with_o side_n beam_n these_o cross_a timber_n be_v long_o and_o bare_a further_o out_o then_o the_o square_a of_o the_o tower_n that_o there_o may_v be_v mean_n to_o fasten_v cover_n and_o defence_n against_o the_o blow_n and_o dart_n of_o the_o enemy_n while_o the_o workman_n be_v finish_v the_o wall_n and_o side_n of_o that_o build_n the_o top_n or_o upper_a story_n of_o this_o tower_n they_o likewise_o pave_v with_o brick_n 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the_o enemy_n be_v aware_a with_o a_o ship-engine_n and_o roler_n put_v under_o it_o they_o bring_v it_o so_o near_o a_o tower_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o it_o join_v to_o the_o wall_n thereof_o the_o townsman_n be_v upon_o a_o sudden_a appall_v thereat_o bring_v the_o great_a stone_n they_o can_v get_v and_o with_o lever_n tumble_v they_o down_o from_o the_o wall_n upon_o the_o mouse_n but_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o work_n dâ—d_v not_o shrink_v at_o the_o blow_n and_o whatsoever_o fall_v upon_o it_o slide_v down_o the_o slope_v of_o the_o roof_n which_o when_o they_o perceive_v they_o alter_v their_o purpose_n and_o get_v pot_n of_o rosin_n and_o pitch_n and_o set_v they_o on_o fire_n throw_v they_o dâ—wn_v upon_o the_o mouse_n which_o tumble_v down_o from_o the_o roof_n be_v remove_v away_o with_o long_a hook_n and_o pole_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o soldier_n that_o be_v within_o the_o mouse_n pull_v out_o the_o low_a stone_n that_o be_v in_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o 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have_v power_n and_o mean_n to_o give_v help_n and_o relief_n according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o heathen_a age_n 8._o wherein_o their_o image_n of_o then_o idol_n have_v their_o foot_n tie_v with_o cord_n of_o wool_n to_o show_v the_o mildness_n and_o easiness_n which_o upon_o devote_v supplication_n be_v find_v in_o divine_a power_n whereof_o wool_n be_v a_o symbolum_n the_o second_o observation_n the_o marseillian_o be_v a_o ancient_a progeny_n of_o the_o greek_n notwithstanding_o the_o long_a descent_n of_o time_n and_o alteration_n of_o air_n do_v keep_v a_o touch_n of_o the_o natural_a disposition_n of_o that_o nation_n as_o well_o in_o such_o strain_n of_o eloquence_n as_o be_v familiar_a unto_o they_o above_o other_o people_n as_o in_o 〈◊〉_d subtlety_n and_o duplicitie_n of_o deal_n which_o passage_n of_o the_o marsâ—illians_n be_v observe_v by_o â—laccâ—_n tully_n as_o a_o matter_n enforce_v the_o due_a praise_n of_o eloquence_n and_o the_o use_v it_o have_v upon_o all_o 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himself_o withal_o as_o unwilling_a to_o see_v the_o morrow_n after_o such_o a_o loss_n trag._n for_o vitæ_fw-la est_fw-la avidus_fw-la quisquis_fw-la non_fw-la vult_fw-la mundo_fw-la secum_fw-la pereunte_fw-la mori_fw-la he_o love_v life_n indeed_o that_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o die_v when_o the_o world_n fall_v chap._n xi_o curio_n march_v to_o utica_n his_o cavalry_n put_v to_o flight_v great_a troop_n come_v from_o king_n juba_n his_o army_n strange_o possess_v with_o a_o idle_a fear_n the_o next_o day_n he_o bring_v his_o army_n to_o utica_n caesar_n and_o encamp_v himself_o near_o unto_o the_o town_n but_o before_o the_o fortification_n of_o his_o camp_n be_v finish_v the_o horseman_n that_o stand_v sentinel_n give_v notice_n of_o great_a force_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n come_v towards_o utica_n from_o king_n juba_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o great_a dust_n be_v see_v rise_v in_o the_o air_n and_o present_o the_o first_o troop_n begin_v to_o come_v in_o sight_n curio_n 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the_o night_n before_o which_o be_v their_o cabin-mate_n and_o fellow-soldier_n whereupon_o they_o take_v occasion_n to_o publish_v abroad_o in_o worse_a term_n that_o which_o other_o have_v vain_o give_v out_o and_o some_o thing_n be_v coin_v by_o those_o that_o will_v seem_v most_o diligent_a in_o do_v their_o duty_n the_o first_o observation_n observe_v first_o from_o the_o revolt_n of_o these_o centurion_n that_o a_o fellow_n or_o two_o of_o rank_n and_o fashion_n fall_v from_o a_o party_n do_v gain_v easy_a credit_n to_o their_o advertisement_n by_o aver_v any_o thing_n which_o the_o enemy_n desire_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o fugitive_n can_v little_o otherwise_o avail_v one_o man_n be_v but_o as_o no_o man_n they_o seek_v favour_n and_o reputation_n with_o the_o party_n they_o â—ly_o unto_o by_o their_o advice_n and_o discovery_n and_o consequent_o the_o remuneration_n of_o espial_n which_o according_a to_o the_o precedent_n make_v by_o fabius_n to_o the_o spy_n 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be_v as_o well_o make_v of_o wheat_n as_o of_o the_o lees_n of_o wine_n flesh_n be_v good_a to_o make_v wrestler_n of_o a_o gross_a and_o heavy_a constitution_n as_o plutarch_n note_v but_o the_o roman_a soldier_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o effectual_a and_o sinewy_a vigour_n able_a to_o undergo_v carriage_n mariani_n fit_a for_o a_o mule_n then_o a_o man_n together_o with_o such_o work_n as_o late_a age_n do_v rather_o hear_v then_o believe_v and_o be_v attain_v by_o feed_v only_o upon_o bread_n the_o rabbin_n and_o thalmudist_n do_v write_v that_o the_o giant_n of_o the_o old_a world_n first_o fall_v to_o the_o eat_n of_o flesh_n make_v no_o difference_n between_o a_o man_n and_o a_o beast_n but_o grow_v so_o execrable_a that_o they_o make_v woman_n cast_v their_o fruit_n before_o their_o time_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v eat_v it_o with_o more_o tenderness_n and_o delicacy_n which_o be_v also_o say_v to_o be_v practise_v by_o the_o cannibal_n upon_o the_o first_o discovery_n 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spirit_n whereby_o the_o author_n become_v memorable_a to_o posterity_n in_o call_v after_o varus_n by_o name_n to_o make_v he_o the_o sacrifice_n for_o both_o the_o host_n whence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o when_o a_o battle_n be_v join_v pell-mell_o no_o man_n can_v be_v assure_v in_o his_o own_o valour_n nor_o share_v out_o his_o fortune_n by_o the_o length_n of_o his_o sword_n but_o be_v oftentimes_o subject_a to_o weakness_n of_o contempt_n and_o vanquish_v by_o such_o as_o can_v be_v compare_v unto_o he_o but_o in_o scorn_n i_o have_v hear_v it_o report_v that_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o eureux_fw-fr maturine_n that_o know_v woman_n in_o france_n take_v prisoner_n &_o disarm_v a_o cavalero_n of_o spain_n who_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n and_o by_o he_o demand_v who_o prisoner_n he_o be_v or_o whether_o he_o know_v the_o party_n that_o have_v force_v he_o answer_v no_o but_o that_o he_o know_v he_o to_o be_v a_o gallant_a man_n of_o arm_n whereat_o the_o king_n smile_v and_o the_o gentleman_n understand_v what_o fortune_n he_o have_v run_v be_v as_o much_o dismay_v as_o a_o man_n possible_o can_v be_v that_o consider_v quod_fw-la ferrum_fw-la aequat_fw-la in_fw-la bello_fw-la robustioribus_fw-la imbecilliores_fw-la the_o sword_n equal_v the_o weak_a to_o the_o strong_a chap._n xv._n curio_n leave_v utica_n to_o meet_v with_o king_n juba_n his_o cavalry_n overthrow_v the_o force_n lead_v by_o sabura_n which_o lead_v he_o on_o to_o his_o overthrow_n the_o next_o day_n curio_n prepare_v to_o besiege_v utica_n caesar_n enclose_v it_o about_o with_o a_o ditch_n &_o a_o rampire_n there_o be_v in_o the_o town_n a_o multitude_n of_o people_n unacquainted_a with_o war_n through_o the_o long_a peace_n they_o have_v enjoy_v and_o the_o inhabitant_n stand_v very_o affectionate_a to_o caesar_n for_o many_o benefit_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o multitude_n consist_v of_o divers_a sort_n of_o man_n much_o terrify_v and_o affright_v 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and_o resolve_v to_o put_v the_o matter_n to_o trial_n of_o battle_n whereunto_o his_o youthful_a heat_n the_o greatness_n of_o his_o courage_n the_o success_n of_o former_a time_n and_o his_o confidence_n in_o the_o manage_n of_o that_o war_n do_v violent_o lead_v he_o be_v carry_v on_o with_o these_o inducement_n he_o send_v the_o first_o night_n all_o the_o cavalry_n to_o the_o river_n bagrada_n where_o the_o enemy_n lie_v encamp_v under_o the_o command_n of_o sabura_n but_o the_o king_n follow_v after_o with_o all_o his_o force_n and_o lie_v continual_o within_o six_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o horseman_n send_v before_o and_o make_v their_o journey_n in_o the_o night_n set_v upon_o the_o enemy_n at_o unaware_o and_o not_o think_v of_o their_o approach_n for_o the_o numidian_n lodge_n scatter_v here_o and_o there_o in_o a_o barbarous_a manner_n without_o any_o government_n or_o order_n and_o surprise_v they_o thus_o oppress_v with_o sleep_n and_o scatter_v upon_o the_o 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unbeliever_n so_o this_o passage_n prove_v that_o for_o a_o commander_n to_o be_v too_o light_a of_o belief_n be_v a_o danger_n to_o the_o whole_a party_n and_o bring_v many_o to_o ruin_n that_o have_v no_o part_n in_o that_o creed_n caesar_n in_o the_o relation_n hereof_o note_v three_o special_a thing_n in_o curio_n that_o carry_v he_o headlong_o to_o this_o disaster_n and_o may_v serve_v as_o mark_n to_o avoid_v the_o like_a syrtes_n the_o first_o be_v juvenilis_fw-la ardour_n his_o youthful_a courage_n and_o heat_n which_o be_v always_o attend_v with_o strong_a affection_n suit_v the_o quality_n and_o temperature_n of_o the_o body_n be_v then_o in_o the_o prime_a height_n of_o strength_n &_o according_o lead_v on_o with_o violent_a motion_n admiâ—istrant_fw-la whereas_o age_n go_v slow_o and_o cold_o forward_a and_o be_v always_o sure_a in_o undertake_v than_o hotspur_n youth_n and_o albeit_o
no_o man_n in_o cold_a blood_n can_v better_o advise_v then_o curio_n or_o foresee_v with_o better_a providence_n yet_o his_o youthful_a boldness_n overswaied_n his_o discourse_n thucydides_n and_o draw_v all_o to_o a_o mischief_n in_o despite_n of_o his_o wisdom_n the_o second_o be_v superioris_fw-la temporis_fw-la proventus_fw-la the_o happy_a issue_n of_o former_a proceed_n which_o of_o all_o other_o condition_n be_v to_o be_v suspect_v cyropaed_n and_o need_v god_n assistance_n more_o than_o any_o other_o fortune_n for_o that_o no_o man_n soon_o err_v or_o be_v more_o uncapable_a of_o order_n than_o such_o as_o be_v in_o prosperity_n and_o therefore_o plato_n refuse_v to_o make_v law_n for_o they_o of_o cyrene_n contubernium_fw-la as_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a difficulty_n to_o give_v ordinance_n to_o man_n that_o be_v in_o happiness_n and_o doubtless_o such_o be_v the_o exorbitancy_n of_o our_o nature_n that_o nothing_o better_o inform_v it_o then_o cross_n sen._n which_o be_v as_o instruction_n and_o warning_n for_o the_o prevent_n of_o ruine_v calamity_n receâ—it_fw-la wherein_o curio_n be_v not_o behold_v to_o fortune_n at_o all_o that_o dandle_v he_o in_o her_o lap_n for_o a_o while_n to_o cast_v he_o out_o at_o length_n headlong_o to_o his_o ruin_n it_o have_v be_v much_o better_o she_o have_v exchange_v a_o frown_n with_o a_o favour_n rather_o than_o to_o have_v give_v he_o much_o good_a together_o 4._o and_o reserve_v a_o irrecoverable_a disgrace_n for_o the_o upshot_n the_o three_o be_v spondere_fw-la fiducia_n rei_fw-la bene_fw-la gerendae_fw-la which_o savour_v more_o of_o folly_n than_o any_o of_o the_o former_a it_o be_v always_o a_o argument_n of_o a_o imprudent_a man_n to_o assure_v himself_o of_o good_a fortune_n for_o presumption_n beneficiis_fw-la be_v ever_o accompany_v with_o negligence_n be_v subject_a to_o as_o many_o casualty_n as_o those_o that_o go_v unarm_v upon_o extremity_n of_o danger_n cyri._fw-la and_o these_o be_v the_o three_o thing_n that_o miscarry_v curio_n out_o of_o which_o we_o may_v observe_v with_o xenophon_n that_o ingens_fw-la &_o arduum_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la recte_fw-la imperare_fw-la it_o be_v a_o weighty_a and_o difficult_a matter_n to_o command_v well_o chap._n xvi_o curio_n pursue_v the_o enemy_n with_o more_o haste_n then_o good_a success_n that_o which_o the_o cavalry_n have_v exploit_v caesar_n be_v certain_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a service_n especial_o the_o small_a number_n of_o they_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o numidian_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o they_o speak_v of_o these_o thing_n with_o great_a ostentation_n than_o the_o truth_n will_v bear_v as_o man_n be_v willing_a to_o divulge_v their_o own_o praise_n beside_o they_o show_v much_o spoil_n which_o they_o have_v take_v captive_n and_o horse_n be_v bring_v out_o that_o whatsoever_o time_n be_v omit_v seem_v to_o be_v a_o let_v and_o hindrance_n to_o the_o victory_n by_o which_o mean_n the_o desire_n and_o endeavour_n of_o the_o soldier_n be_v no_o way_n short_a of_o the_o hope_n which_o curio_n have_v conceive_v who_o command_v the_o cavalry_n to_o follow_v he_o march_v forward_o with_o as_o much_o haste_n as_o he_o can_v to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v find_v the_o enemy_n distract_v and_o astonish_v at_o the_o flight_n and_o overthrow_v of_o their_o fellow_n but_o the_o horseman_n have_v travel_v all_o night_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n follow_v after_o whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o some_o stay_v in_o one_o place_n some_o in_o another_o yet_o this_o do_v not_o hinder_v or_o discourage_v curio_n in_o his_o hope_n juba_n be_v advertise_v by_o sabura_n of_o the_o conflict_n in_o the_o night_n send_v instant_o two_o thousand_o spanish_n and_o french_a horse_n which_o he_o keep_v about_o he_o for_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o person_n and_o such_o of_o the_o foot-troup_n as_o he_o most_o trust_v to_o succour_v and_o relieve_v he_o he_o himself_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o force_n and_o forty_o elephant_n follow_v soft_o after_o sabura_n suspect_v by_o the_o horseman_n come_v before_o that_o curio_n himself_o be_v at_o hand_n imbattel_v all_o his_o force_n command_v they_o that_o under_o a_o pretence_n of_o counterfeit_a fear_n they_o shall_v retreat_v by_o little_a and_o little_a himself_o when_o occasion_n serve_v will_v give_v they_o the_o sign_n of_o battle_n with_o such_o other_o direction_n as_o shall_v be_v expedient_a curio_n be_v strengthen_v in_o his_o former_a hope_n with_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o present_a occasion_n for_o suppose_v the_o enemy_n have_v flee_v he_o draw_v his_o force_n from_o the_o upper_a ground_n into_o the_o plain_a wherein_o after_o he_o have_v march_v a_o good_a space_n the_o army_n have_v travail_v sixteen_o mile_n he_o make_v a_o stand_n sabura_n give_v the_o sign_n to_o his_o man_n of_o beginning_n the_o battle_n lead_v on_o his_o army_n go_v about_o his_o troop_n to_o exhort_v and_o encourage_v his_o soldier_n howbeit_o he_o use_v his_o footman_n only_o for_o a_o show_v a_o far_o off_o and_o send_v the_o cavalry_n to_o give_v the_o charge_n curio_n be_v not_o want_v to_o his_o man_n but_o wish_v they_o to_o set_v all_o their_o confidence_n in_o their_o valour_n the_o soldier_n howsoever_o harry_v and_o weary_v and_o the_o horseman_n although_o but_o a_o very_a few_o and_o those_o spend_v with_o travel_n yet_o want_v no_o courage_n or_o desire_n to_o fight_v but_o these_o be_v but_o two_o hundred_o in_o number_n for_o the_o rest_n stay_v by_o the_o way_n what_o part_n of_o the_o army_n soever_o they_o charge_v they_o force_v the_o enemy_n to_o give_v way_n but_o they_o can_v neither_o follow_v they_o far_o as_o they_o flee_v nor_o put_v their_o horse_n to_o any_o round_a or_o long_a career_n at_o length_n the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o enemy_n begin_v from_o both_o the_o wing_n to_o circumvent_v our_o army_n and_o to_o maul_v they_o down_o behind_o and_o as_o our_o cohort_n issue_v out_o from_o the_o battle_n towards_o they_o the_o numidian_n through_o their_o nimbleness_n do_v easy_o avoid_v the_o shock_n and_o again_o as_o they_o turn_v back_o to_o their_o rank_n enclose_v they_o about_o and_o cut_v they_o off_o from_o the_o battle_n so_o that_o it_o neither_o seem_v safe_a to_o keep_v their_o order_n and_o place_n nor_o to_o advance_v themselves_o out_o and_o undergo_v the_o hazard_n of_o adventure_n observation_n the_o principle_n and_o maxim_n of_o war_n be_v always_o to_o be_v hold_v firm_a when_o they_o be_v take_v with_o their_o due_a circumstance_n for_o every_o rule_n have_v a_o qualify_a state_n and_o consist_v more_o in_o caution_n and_o exception_n then_o in_o authority_n of_o precept_n it_o be_v true_a that_o nothing_o do_v more_o advantage_n a_o victory_n than_o the_o counsel_n of_o lamachus_n the_o three_o duke_n of_o the_o athenian_n which_o be_v 7._o to_o set_v upon_o a_o enemy_n when_o he_o be_v affright_v and_o distract_v for_o so_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v expect_v on_o be_v behalf_n but_o despair_n and_o confusion_n but_o either_o to_o be_v mistake_v therein_o or_o otherwise_o to_o make_v such_o haste_n to_o observe_v this_o rule_n of_o war_n as_o curio_n do_v that_o the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o army_n shall_v he_o by_o the_o way_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o go_v on_o shall_v be_v so_o spend_v with_o labour_n as_o they_o be_v altogether_o unfit_a for_o service_n and_o yet_o to_o make_v the_o matter_n worse_a to_o bring_v they_o into_o a_o place_n of_o disadvantage_n to_o encounter_v a_o strong_a and_o fresh_a enemy_n be_v to_o make_v the_o circumstance_n oversway_v the_o rule_n and_o by_o a_o maxim_n of_o war_n to_o be_v direct_v to_o a_o overthrow_n neglect_v altogether_o that_o which_o be_v observe_v by_o sextus_n aurelius_n victor_n satis_fw-la celeriter_fw-la fit_a quicquid_fw-la commode_v geritur_fw-la that_o which_o be_v well_o do_v be_v do_v soon_o enough_o chap._n xvii_o curio_n defeat_v and_o slay_v some_o few_o of_o the_o army_n get_v passage_n to_o sâ—cily_n the_o rest_n yield_v themselves_o to_o varus_n the_o enemy_n be_v oftentimes_o renforce_v by_o succour_n from_o the_o king_n caesar_n our_o man_n have_v spend_v their_o strength_n and_o faint_v through_o weariness_n such_o as_o be_v wound_v can_v neither_o leave_v the_o battle_n nor_o be_v convey_v into_o a_o place_n of_o safety_n the_o whole_a army_n be_v encompass_v about_o with_o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o enemy_n whereby_o despair_v of_o their_o safety_n as_o man_n common_o do_v when_o their_o life_n draw_v towards_o a_o end_n they_o either_o lament_v their_o own_o death_n or_o recommend_v their_o friend_n to_o good_a fortune_n if_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o any_o may_v escape_v out_o of_o that_o danger_n all_o part_n be_v fill_v with_o fear_n and_o lamentation_n curio_n when_o he_o perceive_v the_o soldier_n to_o be_v so_o affright_v that_o they_o give_v care_n neither_o to_o
per_fw-la cent._n dodrans_n 9_o bes_z 8._o septunx_fw-la usura_fw-la 7._o semis_fw-la 6._o quincunx_fw-la 5._o triens_fw-la 4._o quadrant_n 3._o sextans_fw-la 2._o unciaria_n one_o in_o the_o hundred_o offic_n howbeit_o cato_n condemn_v all_o kind_n of_o usury_n for_o be_v demand_v quid_fw-la maxim_n in_o re_fw-mi familiari_fw-la expediret_fw-la respondit_fw-la bene_fw-la pascere_fw-la quid_fw-la secundum_fw-la satis_fw-la bene_fw-la pascere_fw-la quid_fw-la tertium_fw-la be_v vestire_fw-la quid_fw-la quartum_fw-la arare_fw-la et_fw-la cum_fw-la ille_fw-la qui_fw-la quaesierat_fw-la dixisset_fw-la quid_fw-la foenerari_fw-la quid_fw-la hominem_fw-la inquit_fw-la occidere_fw-la what_o be_v the_o most_o expedient_a thing_n in_o householdry_n answer_v good_a diet_n what_o the_o second_o enough_o good_a diet_n what_o the_o three_o good_a clothes_n what_o the_o four_o plough_v and_o when_o he_o that_o question_v he_o thus_o say_v what_o think_v you_o of_o take_v use_n 10._o he_o reply_v what_o be_v it_o to_o kill_v a_o man_n allow_v as_o it_o seem_v no_o mean_n of_o get_v money_n but_o those_o which_o aristotle_n take_v to_o be_v most_o agree_v to_o nature_n which_o be_v from_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o our_o cattle_n with_o such_o other_o course_n as_o be_v answerable_a thereunto_o chap._n ii_o a_o particular_a view_n of_o pompey_n force_n in_o the_o accomplish_n of_o these_o thing_n caesar_n as_o also_o celebrate_v the_o latin_a holiday_n and_o hold_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o people_n have_v spend_v eleven_o day_n he_o give_v over_o his_o dictatorship_n leave_v the_o city_n and_o come_v to_o brundisium_n for_o he_o have_v command_v seven_o legion_n and_o all_o his_o cavalry_n to_o repair_v thither_o howbeit_o he_o find_v no_o more_o ship_v ready_a then_o will_v hardly_o transport_v fifteen_o thousand_o legionary_a soldier_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n the_o want_n of_o ship_v seem_v to_o hinder_v he_o from_o bring_v the_o 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of_o all_o the_o king_n dynaste_n tetrarch_n and_o free_a state_n of_o achaia_n and_o have_v likewise_o compel_v the_o corporation_n of_o those_o province_n to_o contribute_v the_o like_a sum_n he_o have_v enroll_v nine_o legion_n of_o roman_a citizen_n five_o which_o he_o have_v transport_v out_o of_o italy_n one_o old_a legion_n out_o of_o sicily_n which_o be_v compound_v and_o make_v of_o two_o he_o call_v the_o â—win_n gen_n one_o out_o of_o crect_n and_o macedoniaâ—old_a â—old_z soldier_n who_o be_v discharge_v by_o 〈…〉_z those_o province_n and_o 〈…〉_z of_o asia_n which_o lentulus_n the_o consul_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v enroll_v beside_o he_o have_v distribute_v among_o those_o legion_n under_o the_o 〈…〉_z supply_v a_o great_a number_n of_o thessaly_n 〈…〉_z and_o epirus_n among_o these_o he_o have_v mingle_v antonie_n soldier_n and_o beside_o these_o he_o expect_v to_o be_v bring_v by_o scipio_n out_o of_o syria_n two_o legion_n of_o archer_n out_o of_o crete_n lacedaemon_n pontus_n and_o syria_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n he_o have_v 3000_o six_o cohort_n of_o slinger_n two_o mercenary_a &_o 7000_o horse_n whereof_o deiotarus_n have_v bring_v 600_o gall_n ariobarzanes_n 500_o out_o of_o cappadocia_n cotus_n out_o of_o thracia_n have_v send_v the_o like_a number_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o his_o son_n sadalis_n from_o macedonia_n come_v 200_o command_v by_o rascipolis_n a_o captain_n of_o great_a fame_n and_o virtue_n from_o alexandria_n come_v 500_o part_n gall_n and_o part_n german_n which_o a._n gabinius_n have_v leave_v there_o with_o king_n ptolemy_n to_o defend_v the_o town_n pompey_n the_o son_n have_v bring_v with_o the_o navy_n 800_o of_o his_o shepherd_n and_o servant_n tarcondarius_n castor_n and_o donilaus_n have_v send_v three_o hundred_o out_o of_o gallograecia_n of_o who_o one_o come_v himself_o and_o the_o other_o send_v his_o son_n two_o hundred_o be_v send_v out_o of_o syria_n by_o comagenus_n of_o antioch_n who_o pompey_n have_v present_v with_o great_a gift_n most_o of_o which_o be_v arbalestrier_n on_o horseback_n to_o these_o be_v add_v dardan_n and_o bessi_n partly_o for_o pay_v and_o entertainment_n and_o partly_o get_v by_o command_n or_o favour_n beside_o macedonian_n thessalian_n and_o of_o divers_a other_o nation_n and_o city_n insomuch_o as_o he_o fill_v up_o the_o number_n former_o speak_v of_o he_o provide_v great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n out_o of_o thessaly_n asia_n crete_n cyrene_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o region_n he_o determine_v to_o winter_n at_o dyrrachium_fw-la apollonia_n and_o all_o the_o maritime_a town_n to_o keep_v caesar_n from_o pass_v the_o sea_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o have_v lay_v and_o dispose_v his_o navy_n all_o along_o the_o sea-coast_n pompey_n the_o son_n be_v admiral_n of_o the_o egyptian_a ship_n d._n laelius_n and_o c._n triarius_n of_o those_o that_o come_v out_o of_o asia_n c._n cassius_n command_v they_o of_o syria_n and_o c._n marcellus_n with_o c._n pomponius_n the_o ship_n of_o rhodes_n scribonius_n libo_n and_o m._n octavius_n have_v charge_n of_o the_o liburnian_a and_o achaean_n navy_n howbeit_o m._n bibulus_n command_v in_o chief_a in_o all_o sea_n cause_n and_o to_o he_o be_v leave_v the_o superintendency_n of_o the_o admiralty_n the_o first_o observation_n concern_v these_o latinae_fw-la feriae_fw-la feriae_fw-la it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o feriae_fw-la or_o holiday_n the_o one_o call_v annal_n which_o come_v always_o to_o be_v keep_v on_o a_o certain_a day_n and_o thereupon_o be_v call_v anniversarii_n or_o yearly_a the_o other_o conceptivae_fw-la which_o be_v arbitrary_a and_o solemnize_v upon_o such_o day_n as_o the_o magistrate_n and_o priest_n think_v most_o expedient_a whereof_o these_o latinae_fw-la feriae_fw-la be_v chief_a and_o be_v keep_v on_o mount_n alban_n to_o jupiter_n latiar_n or_o latialis_n for_o the_o health_n and_o preservation_n of_o all_o the_o latin_a people_n in_o league_n and_o confederacy_n with_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o be_v solemnize_v in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o truce_n between_o those_o two_o nation_n during_o which_o feast_n the_o roman_n hold_v it_o unlawful_a to_o make_v any_o war_n the_o sacrifice_n be_v a_o white_a bull_n kill_v and_o offer_v by_o the_o consul_n and_o the_o flesh_n distribute_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o latium_n according_a to_o a_o ancient_a treaty_n of_o alliance_n between_o they_o engrave_v for_o a_o perpetual_a memory_n in_o a_o column_n of_o brass_n the_o particular_n whereof_o be_v express_v at_o large_a by_o dionysius_n halicarnasseus_n rom._n the_o second_o observation_n the_o second_o thing_n come_v to_o be_v note_v be_v the_o view_n take_v of_o pompey_n force_n which_o be_v nine_o complete_a legion_n beside_o the_o supply_n here_o particular_o mention_v send_v from_o such_o as_o bare_a affection_n to_o that_o party_n and_o by_o indifferent_a calculation_n may_v amount_v in_o all_o to_o near_o about_o threescore_o thousand_o man_n together_o with_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o country_n where_o the_o trial_n be_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o stroke_n of_o war._n in_o which_o muster_n be_v the_o soldier_n of_o c._n antonius_n who_o misfortune_n these_o commentary_n have_v either_o willing_o forget_v or_o some_o other_o chance_n have_v wipe_v it_o clean_o out_o 2_o howbeit_o florus_n have_v it_o record_v that_o caesar_n have_v send_v dolabella_n and_o antonius_n to_o seize_v upon_o the_o straits_n and_o entrance_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n the_o one_o take_v hold_v of_o the_o coast_n of_o sclavonia_n and_o the_o other_o near_o unto_o corfu_n when_o upon_o a_o sudden_a come_v octavius_n and_o pompey_n lieutenant_n and_o with_o great_a force_n they_o have_v aboard_o their_o ship_n surprise_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o whereby_o antonius_n be_v constrain_v to_o yield_v up_o fifteen_o company_n which_o be_v these_o soldier_n of_o antonius_n hear_v mention_v rascipolis_n or_o rascupolis_n be_v a_o thracian_a of_o great_a fame_n that_o
follow_v pompey_n and_o his_o brother_n rascus_n betake_v himself_o to_o caesar_n upon_o a_o appointment_n make_v between_o themselves_o for_o find_v in_o the_o country_n where_o they_o dwell_v 4._o two_o great_a faction_n in_o opposition_n &_o doubt_v which_o party_n to_o take_v they_o divide_v themselves_o as_o the_o best_a approve_a part_n of_o neutrality_n and_o hold_v likewise_o the_o same_o course_n in_o the_o war_n between_o brutus_n and_o octavius_n continue_v unto_o the_o battle_n of_o philippi_n upon_o the_o issue_n whereof_o rascus_n demand_v no_o other_o reward_n for_o his_o service_n than_o the_o life_n of_o his_o brother_n which_o be_v easy_o grant_v this_o pompey_n high_a admiral_n be_v fellow-consul_n with_o caesar_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 694._o but_o caesar_n so_o outstrip_v he_o in_o the_o manage_n of_o thing_n that_o he_o much_o suspect_v himself_o as_o insufficient_a for_o the_o place_n which_o make_v he_o keep_v his_o house_n all_o that_o year_n whereupon_o come_v this_o distich_n non_fw-la bibulo_fw-la quicquam_fw-la nuper_fw-la sed_fw-la caesar_fw-la factum_fw-la nam_fw-la bibulo_fw-la fieri_fw-la consul_n nil_fw-la memini_fw-la caesar_n do_v all_o nought_o bibulus_n do_v do_v of_o consul_n bibulus_n no_o act_n i_o know_v chap._n iii_o caesar_n pass_v over_o into_o greece_n and_o return_v his_o ship_n to_o brundisium_n octavius_n besiege_v salonae_n caesar_n upon_o his_o arrival_n at_o brundisium_n caesar_n call_v the_o soldier_n together_o and_o show_v they_o that_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v almost_o come_v to_o a_o end_n of_o all_o their_o labour_n and_o danger_n they_o will_v now_o be_v content_a to_o leave_v willing_o behind_o they_o their_o servant_n and_o carriage_n in_o italy_n and_o go_v aboard_o clear_a of_o those_o incumberment_n to_o the_o end_n the_o great_a number_n of_o soldier_n may_v be_v take_v in_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v expect_v the_o supply_n of_o all_o these_o thing_n from_o victory_n and_o his_o liberality_n every_o man_n cry_v out_o that_o he_o shall_v command_v what_o he_o will_v and_o they_o will_v willing_o obey_v it_o the_o second_o of_o the_o nones_n of_o january_n he_o weigh_v anchor_n have_v as_o be_v former_o show_v ship_v seven_o legion_n the_o next_o day_n he_o come_v to_o land_n at_o the_o promontory_n of_o ceraunium_n have_v get_v a_o quiet_a road_n among_o the_o rock_n and_o place_n of_o danger_n for_o doubt_v how_o he_o may_v safe_o venture_v upon_o any_o of_o the_o know_a port_n of_o that_o coast_n which_o he_o suspect_v to_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o enemy_n he_o make_v choice_n of_o that_o place_n which_o be_v call_v pharsalus_n and_o there_o arrive_v in_o safety_n with_o all_o his_o ship_n he_o land_v his_o soldier_n at_o the_o same_o time_n lucretius_n vespillo_n and_o minutius_n rufus_n by_o order_n from_o laelius_n be_v at_o oricum_n with_o eighteen_o ship_n of_o asia_n and_o m._n bibulus_n be_v likewise_o at_o corfu_n with_o one_o hundred_o and_o ten_o ship_n but_o neither_o dare_v those_o come_v out_o of_o the_o port_n although_o caesar_n have_v not_o in_o all_o above_o twelve_o ship_n of_o war_n to_o waâ—t_v he_o over_o among_o which_o he_o himself_o be_v embark_v neither_o can_v bibulus_n come_v soon_o enough_o his_o ship_n be_v unready_a and_o his_o mariner_n ashore_o for_o that_o caesar_n be_v descry_v near_o the_o continent_n before_o there_o be_v any_o bruit_n of_o his_o come_n in_o all_o those_o region_n the_o soldier_n be_v land_v he_o send_v back_o the_o same_o night_n the_o ship_n to_o brundisium_n that_o the_o other_o legion_n and_o the_o cavalry_n may_v be_v bring_v over_o fusius_fw-la calenus_n the_o legate_n have_v the_o charge_n of_o this_o service_n and_o be_v to_o use_v all_o celerity_n in_o transport_v over_o the_o legion_n but_o set_v out_o late_o and_o omit_v the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o night_n wind_n they_o fail_v of_o their_o purpose_n in_o return_v back_o for_o bibulus_n be_v certify_v at_o corsu_fw-la of_o caesar_n arrival_n and_o hope_v to_o meet_v with_o some_o of_o the_o ship_n of_o burden_n meet_v with_o the_o empty_a ship_n go_v back_o to_o brundisium_n and_o have_v take_v thirty_o of_o they_o he_o wreak_v his_o anger_n conceive_v through_o grief_n and_o omission_n and_o set_v they_o all_o on_o fire_n consume_v therein_o both_o the_o master_n and_o the_o mariner_n hope_v by_o the_o rigour_n of_o that_o punishment_n to_o terrify_v the_o rest_n this_o be_v do_v he_o possess_v all_o the_o coast_n from_o salonae_n to_o oricum_n with_o ship_n and_o man_n of_o war_n appoint_v guard_n with_o more_o diligence_n then_o former_o have_v be_v use_v he_o himself_o in_o the_o depth_n of_o winter_n keep_v watch_v a_o shipboard_n not_o refuse_v any_o labour_n or_o duty_n nor_o expect_v any_o succour_n if_o he_o happen_v to_o meet_v with_o caesar_n but_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o liburnian_a galley_n m._n octavius_n with_o such_o ship_n as_o he_o have_v with_o he_o come_v from_o illyricum_n to_o salonae_n and_o there_o have_v incite_v the_o dalmatian_n and_o other_o barbarous_a people_n draw_v hissa_n from_o caesar_n party_n and_o find_v that_o he_o can_v not_o move_v they_o of_o salonae_n neither_o with_o promise_n nor_o threaten_n he_o resolve_v to_o besiege_v the_o town_n the_o place_n be_v strong_a by_o nature_n through_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o the_o roman_a citizen_n there_o inhabit_v have_v make_v tower_n of_o wood_n to_o â—ortifie_v it_o within_o but_o find_v themselves_o too_o weak_a to_o make_v resistance_n be_v weary_v out_o and_o spend_v with_o wound_n they_o fall_v at_o length_n to_o the_o last_o refuge_n of_o all_o which_o be_v to_o enfranchize_v all_o their_o bondslave_n above_o the_o age_n of_o fourteen_o year_n and_o cut_v their_o woman_n hair_n they_o make_v engine_n thereof_o their_o resolution_n be_v know_v octavius_n encompass_v the_o town_n about_o with_o five_o camp_n and_o at_o one_o instant_a of_o time_n begin_v to_o force_v they_o by_o siege_n and_o by_o assault_n they_o be_v resolve_v to_o undergo_v all_o extremity_n be_v much_o press_v through_o want_n of_o corn_n and_o thereupon_o send_v messenger_n to_o caesar_n seek_v help_v of_o he_o other_o inconvenience_n they_o endure_v as_o they_o may_v and_o after_o a_o long_a time_n when_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o siege_n have_v make_v the_o octavian_o remiss_a and_o negligent_a take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o noon_n time_n when_o the_o enemy_n be_v retire_v aside_o and_o place_v their_o child_n and_o woman_n on_o the_o wall_n that_o nothing_o may_v seem_v omit_v of_o that_o which_o be_v usual_a they_o themselves_o together_o with_o such_o as_o they_o have_v late_o infranchize_v break_v into_o the_o next_o camp_n unto_o the_o town_n which_o be_v take_v with_o the_o same_o violence_n they_o set_v upon_o another_o and_o then_o upon_o the_o three_o and_o so_o upon_o the_o four_o and_o in_o the_o end_n upon_o the_o five_o drive_v the_o enemy_n out_o of_o all_o the_o camp_n and_o have_v slay_v a_o great_a number_n they_o force_v octavius_n and_o the_o rest_n remain_v to_o betake_v they_o to_o their_o ship_n and_o so_o the_o siege_n end_v for_o octavius_n despair_v to_o take_v the_o town_n the_o winter_n approach_v and_o have_v receive_v such_o loss_n retire_v to_o pompey_n at_o dyrrachium_fw-la the_o first_o observation_n it_o have_v be_v general_o conceive_v that_o there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o use_n of_o woman_n in_o time_n of_o war_n but_o that_o they_o be_v a_o burden_n to_o such_o as_o seek_v honour_n by_o deed_n of_o arm_n and_o do_v better_o suit_v the_o licentiousness_n of_o peace_n than_o the_o danger_n of_o warfare_n whereof_o andromache_n be_v make_v a_o instance_n 6._o from_o that_o which_o homer_n report_v of_o her_o tear_n sigh_n and_o prayer_n to_o withdraw_v hector_n from_o those_o valorous_a exploit_n which_o he_o undertake_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o troy_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v by_o ovid_n wish_v to_o handle_v the_o distaff_n and_o the_o spindle_n and_o leave_v the_o war_n as_o fit_a for_o man_n than_o the_o weakness_n of_o their_o sex_n columque_fw-la ay_o cape_n cum_fw-la calathis_fw-la metam_fw-la &_o stamina_fw-la policy_n torque_fw-la bella_fw-la relinque_fw-la viris_fw-la god_n take_v thy_o basket_n on_o thy_o head_n and_o at_o the_o distaff_n twist_v thy_o thread_n leave_v war_n to_o man_n nevertheless_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v that_o howsoever_o soever_o the_o tenderness_n of_o woman_n do_v require_v a_o passive_a course_n of_o life_n under_o the_o shelter_n of_o a_o safe_a roof_n rather_o than_o in_o the_o bleak_a storm_n of_o active_a endeavour_n yet_o there_o have_v be_v some_o virago_n that_o have_v overtopped_n the_o pride_n of_o man_n in_o point_n of_o war_n 1._o among_o who_o semiramis_n may_v lead_v the_o rest_n 2._o together_o with_o tomyris_n cyrus_n mistress_n by_o conquest_n as_o also_o
be_v far_o off_o he_o appoint_v storehouse_n and_o magazine_n in_o certain_a place_n and_o impose_v carriage_n of_o corn_n upon_o the_o country_n border_v about_o they_o in_o like_a manner_n he_o command_v what_o grain_n soever_o shall_v be_v find_v at_o lissus_n parthenia_n or_o any_o other_o place_n to_o be_v bring_v unto_o he_o which_o be_v very_o little_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o be_v rough_a and_o mountainous_a and_o afford_v no_o corn_n but_o that_o which_o be_v bring_v in_o from_o other_o place_n as_o also_o that_o pompey_n have_v take_v order_n in_o that_o behalf_n and_o a_o little_a before_o have_v ransack_v the_o parthinians_n and_o cause_v his_o horseman_n to_o carry_v away_o all_o the_o grain_n which_o be_v find_v among_o they_o observation_n the_o first_o thing_n that_o caesar_n do_v after_o their_o approach_n near_o one_o unto_o another_o be_v to_o offer_v battle_n as_o the_o best_a arbitrator_n of_o the_o cause_n in_o question_n and_o most_o fit_v the_o usance_n of_o the_o ancient_a roman_n metaph._n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o endeavour_n of_o such_o as_o be_v in_o action_n be_v always_o order_v by_o he_o that_o be_v the_o sufferer_n and_o that_o pompey_n refuse_v to_o accept_v thereof_o know_v himself_o to_o be_v much_o strong_a in_o force_n better_o accommodate_v have_v a_o far_o great_a party_n in_o the_o country_n and_o the_o sea_n whole_o at_o his_o command_n which_o advantage_n be_v like_a to_o end_v the_o business_n without_o hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n caesar_n bethink_v himself_o of_o some_o other_o project_n which_o may_v take_v away_o the_o scorn_n of_o that_o refusal_n by_o undertake_v such_o thing_n as_o much_o import_v the_o state_n of_o his_o adversary_n for_o in_o such_o case_n when_o a_o enemy_n will_v not_o fight_v somewhat_o must_v be_v do_v to_o cast_v dishonour_n or_o great_a inconvenience_n upon_o he_o or_o at_o least_o to_o make_v overture_n of_o new_a opportunity_n and_o therefore_o he_o take_v a_o course_n either_o to_o draw_v pompey_n to_o fight_v or_o to_o force_v the_o town_n wherein_o all_o his_o provision_n of_o war_n be_v store_v up_o or_o otherwise_o to_o cut_v he_o off_o from_o the_o same_o the_o least_o of_o which_o be_v a_o sufficient_a acquittance_n of_o any_o disgrace_n which_o the_o neglect_n of_o this_o offer_n may_v seem_v to_o infer_v have_v thereby_o occasion_n to_o use_v that_o of_o the_o poet_n jam_fw-la sumus_fw-la ergo_fw-la pares_fw-la now_o we_o be_v even_o chap._n xvi_o caesar_n go_v about_o to_o besiege_v pompey_n caesar_n be_v inform_v of_o these_o thing_n caesar_n enter_v into_o a_o deliberation_n which_o he_o first_o take_v from_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o be_v for_o whereas_o pompey_n camp_n be_v enclose_v about_o with_o many_o high_a and_o steep_a hill_n he_o first_o take_v those_o hill_n and_o build_v fort_n upon_o they_o and_o then_o as_o the_o condition_n of_o each_o place_n will_v bear_v he_o make_v work_n of_o fortification_n from_o one_o fort_n to_o another_o and_o determine_v to_o enclose_v pompey_n about_o with_o a_o ditch_n and_o a_o rampire_n and_o especial_o upon_o these_o consideration_n for_o that_o he_o be_v great_o straighten_v through_o want_n of_o corn_n and_o that_o pompey_n be_v strong_a in_o horse_n he_o may_v with_o less_o danger_n supply_v his_o army_n from_o all_o part_n with_o provision_n as_o also_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v keep_v pompey_n from_o forage_v and_o so_o make_v his_o cavalry_n unserviceable_a in_o that_o kind_n and_o further_o that_o he_o may_v abate_v and_o weaken_v the_o exceed_a great_a reputation_n which_o pompey_n have_v attain_v unto_o among_o foreign_a nation_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v noise_v throughout_o the_o world_n that_o he_o be_v besiege_v by_o caesar_n and_o dare_v not_o fight_v pompey_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v draw_v to_o leave_v the_o commodity_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o town_n of_o dyrrachium_fw-la have_v there_o lay_v up_o all_o his_o provision_n of_o war_n arm_n weapon_n engine_n of_o what_o sort_n soever_o beside_o corn_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o thence_o to_o his_o army_n by_o ship_v neither_o can_v he_o hinder_v caesar_n fortification_n unless_o he_o will_v accept_v of_o battle_n which_o for_o that_o time_n he_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o do_v only_o it_o remain_v as_o the_o last_o thing_n he_o can_v think_v of_o to_o possess_v himself_o of_o as_o many_o hill_n as_o he_o may_v and_o to_o keep_v as_o much_o of_o the_o country_n as_o he_o can_v with_o good_a and_o strong_a guard_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n to_o distract_v as_o much_o as_o possible_o he_o may_v caesar_n force_n as_o according_o it_o fall_v out_o for_o have_v make_v twenty_o four_o castle_n and_o fort_n he_o take_v in_o twenty_o five_o mile_n of_o the_o country_n in_o circuit_n and_o do_v forage_v within_o that_o space_n and_o there_o cause_v many_o thing_n to_o be_v set_v and_o plant_v by_o hand_n which_o in_o the_o interim_n serve_v as_o food_n for_o horse_n and_o as_o our_o man_n perceive_v their_o fortification_n to_o be_v carry_v and_o continue_v from_o one_o castle_n to_o another_o without_o intermission_n they_o begin_v to_o fear_v lest_o they_o have_v leave_v some_o place_n to_o sally_v out_o and_o so_o will_v come_v upon_o they_o behind_o before_o they_o be_v aware_a and_o the_o reason_n they_o make_v their_o work_n thus_o perfect_a throughout_o the_o whole_a inward_a circuit_n be_v that_o our_o man_n may_v not_o enter_v in_o upon_o they_o nor_o circumvent_v they_o behind_o but_o they_o abound_v in_o number_n of_o man_n exceed_v in_o their_o work_n have_v also_o on_o the_o inside_n a_o less_o compass_n to_o fortify_v and_o as_o caesar_n go_v about_o to_o take_v any_o place_n albeit_o pompey_n be_v resolve_v not_o to_o fight_v or_o interrupt_v he_o with_o all_o his_o force_n nevertheless_o he_o send_v out_o his_o archer_n and_o slinger_n of_o which_o he_o have_v great_a number_n by_o who_o many_o of_o our_o man_n be_v wound_v and_o stand_v in_o great_a fear_n of_o the_o arrow_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o soldier_n make_v they_o coat_n conibus_fw-la either_o of_o quilt_n or_o stiffen_a or_o of_o leather_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o danger_n to_o conclude_v either_o party_n use_v all_o force_n and_o mean_n to_o take_v place_n and_o make_v fortification_n caesar_n to_o shut_v up_o and_o straighten_v pompey_n what_o he_o can_v and_o pompey_n to_o enlarge_v himself_o and_o possess_v as_o many_o hill_n as_o convenient_o he_o may_v which_o give_v occasion_n of_o many_o skirmish_n and_o encounter_n observation_n we_o may_v here_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o strange_a enterprise_n that_o ever_o be_v undertake_v by_o a_o judicious_a soldier_n for_o where_o else_o may_v it_o be_v read_v or_o understand_v that_o a_o weak_a party_n go_v about_o to_o besiege_v a_o strong_a adversary_n and_o to_o enclose_v a_o whole_a country_n by_o castle_n and_o tower_n and_o perpetual_a fortification_n from_o hill_n to_o hill_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v shut_v he_o up_o as_o he_o lie_v encamp_v in_o the_o field_n but_o herein_o appear_v the_o infinite_a and_o restless_a endeavour_n of_o a_o roman_a spirit_n and_o the_o work_v they_o wrought_v to_o achieve_v their_o own_o end_n and_o yet_o not_o beside_o the_o limit_n of_o reason_n â—rexit_fw-la for_o if_o that_o of_o seneca_n have_v any_o affinity_n with_o truth_n that_o a_o man_n be_v but_o a_o common_a or_o rather_o contemptible_a thing_n unless_o he_o raise_v himself_o above_o ordinary_a course_n it_o be_v more_o special_o verify_v in_o a_o soldier_n who_o honour_n depend_v upon_o the_o superlative_a degree_n must_v seek_v out_o project_n beyond_o all_o equality_n and_o the_o rather_o upon_o such_o inducement_n as_o be_v here_o allege_v iâ—â—_n which_o show_v good_a reason_n he_o have_v to_o be_v so_o mad_a chap._n xvii_o a_o passage_n that_o happen_v between_o both_o party_n about_o the_o take_n of_o a_o place_n among_o these_o fight_n and_o encounter_n caesar_n it_o happen_v as_o caesar_n nine_o legion_n have_v take_v a_o certain_a place_n and_o there_o begin_v to_o fortify_v pompey_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o the_o hill_n next_o adjoin_v thereunto_o and_o begin_v to_o hinder_v our_o man_n from_o their_o work_n and_o have_v from_o one_o side_n a_o easy_a access_n unto_o it_o first_o with_o archer_n and_o slinger_n &_o afterward_o with_o great_a troop_n of_o light-armed_n man_n and_o engine_n of_o battery_n he_o begin_v to_o disturb_v they_o in_o their_o business_n neither_o be_v our_o man_n able_a at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o go_v on_o with_o their_o fortification_n caesar_n see_v his_o soldier_n wound_v and_o hurt_v from_o all_o part_n command_v they_o to_o fall_v off_o and_o leave_v the_o place_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v to_o make_v their_o retreat_n
foot_n from_o that_o place_n be_v raise_v another_o rampire_n with_o the_o front_n the_o contrary_a way_n but_o somewhat_o low_a than_o the_o â—ormer_a for_o some_o few_o day_n before_o caesar_n fear_v that_o place_n lest_o our_o man_n shall_v be_v circumvent_v with_o their_o ship_n have_v cause_v double_a fortification_n to_o be_v make_v in_o that_o place_n that_o if_o peradventure_o they_o shall_v be_v put_v to_o their_o shift_n they_o may_v nevertheless_o make_v good_a resistance_n but_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o work_n and_o the_o continual_a labour_n they_o daily_o endure_v the_o fortification_n be_v carry_v eighteen_o mile_n in_o circuit_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o finish_v it_o whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o he_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o make_v a_o rampire_n along_o the_o seashore_n to_o join_v these_o two_o fortification_n together_o for_o the_o defence_n thereof_o which_o be_v inform_v pompey_n by_o these_o two_o savoiens_n and_o bring_v great_a damage_n and_o loss_n to_o our_o people_n for_o as_o the_o cohort_n of_o the_o nine_o legion_n keep_v watch_v and_o guard_n upon_o the_o sea_n sudden_o by_o the_o break_n of_o day_n come_v pompey_n army_n which_o seem_v very_o strange_a unto_o our_o man_n and_o instant_o thereupon_o the_o soldier_n from_o a_o shipboard_n assault_v with_o their_o weapon_n the_o inner_a rampire_n &_o the_o rest_n begin_v to_o fill_v up_o the_o trench_n the_o legionary_a soldier_n appoint_v to_o keep_v the_o inner_a fortification_n have_v plant_v a_o great_a number_n of_o ladder_n to_o the_o rampire_n do_v amuse_v the_o enemy_n with_o weapon_n &_o engine_n of_o all_o sort_n &_o a_o great_a number_n of_o aâ—chers_n be_v throng_v together_o on_o each_o side_n but_o the_o cover_n of_o osier_n which_o they_o wear_v on_o their_o headpiece_n do_v great_o defend_v they_o from_o the_o blow_n of_o stone_n which_o be_v the_o only_a weapon_n our_o man_n have_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o as_o our_o man_n be_v overlay_v with_o all_o these_o thing_n and_o do_v hardly_o make_v resistance_n they_o find_v out_o the_o defect_n of_o the_o fortification_n former_o mention_v and_o land_v their_o man_n between_o the_o two_o rampire_n they_o charge_v our_o people_n in_o the_o rear_n and_o so_o drive_v they_o from_o both_o the_o fortification_n make_v they_o turn_v their_o back_n this_o alarm_n be_v hear_v marcellinus_n send_v certain_a cohort_n to_o succour_v our_o man_n who_o see_v they_o fly_v can_v neither_o re-assure_a they_o by_o their_o come_n nor_o withstand_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o enemy_n themselves_o insomuch_o as_o what_o relief_n soever_o be_v send_v be_v distract_v by_o the_o fear_n and_o astonishment_n of_o they_o that_o flee_v away_o whereby_o the_o terror_n and_o the_o danger_n be_v make_v much_o the_o great_a and_o their_o retreat_n be_v hinder_v through_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n in_o that_o fight_n the_o eagle-bearer_n be_v grievous_o wound_v and_o faint_v for_o want_v of_o strength_n look_v towards_o the_o horseman_n this_o have_v i_o say_v he_o in_o my_o life_n time_n careful_o and_o diligent_o defend_v for_o many_o year_n together_o and_o now_o die_v with_o the_o same_o fidelity_n do_v restore_v it_o unto_o caesar_n suffer_v not_o i_o pray_v you_o such_o a_o dishonour_n the_o like_a whereof_o never_o happen_v in_o caesar_n army_n but_o return_v it_o unto_o he_o in_o safety_n by_o which_o accident_n the_o eagle_n be_v save_v all_o the_o centurion_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n be_v slay_v but_o the_o first_o of_o the_o maniple_n of_o the_o principes_fw-la and_o now_o the_o enemy_n with_o great_a slaughter_n of_o our_o man_n approach_v near_o marcellinus_n camp_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o cohort_n be_v great_o astonish_v m._n antonius_n hold_v the_o next_o garrison_n to_o that_o place_n upon_o notice_n thereof_o be_v see_v to_o come_v down_o from_o the_o upper_a ground_n with_o twelve_o cohort_n upon_o who_o come_v pompey_n party_n be_v repress_v and_o stay_v and_o our_o man_n somewhat_o reassured_n give_v they_o time_n to_o come_v again_o to_o themselves_o out_o of_o that_o astonishment_n and_o not_o long_o after_o caesar_n have_v knowledge_n thereof_o by_o smoke_n make_v out_o of_o the_o fort_n according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o former_a time_n come_v thither_o also_o bring_v with_o he_o certain_a cohort_n out_o of_o the_o garrison_n observation_n it_o be_v a_o old_a say_n alienâ—vit_fw-la that_o thief_n handsel_n be_v always_o naught_o but_o traitor_n handsel_n be_v much_o worse_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o fall_n away_o of_o these_o two_o savoiens_n who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o leave_v caesar_n in_o this_o war_n and_o the_o first_o that_o bring_v pompey_n good_a fortune_n themselves_o stand_v culpable_a of_o as_o great_a a_o offence_n 14._o as_o if_o they_o have_v alienate_v the_o whole_a army_n militari_fw-la in_o the_o course_n whereof_o we_o may_v see_v plain_o that_o which_o i_o have_v former_o note_v that_o it_o be_v a_o excellent_a thing_n to_o be_v still_o attempt_v upon_o a_o enemy_n so_o it_o be_v do_v upon_o good_a ground_n and_o caution_n for_o while_o pompey_n stand_v upon_o the_o defensive_a ward_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o contention_n fall_v continual_o upon_o caesar_n and_o doubtless_o he_o that_o observe_v caesar_n proceed_n in_o the_o carriage_n of_o all_o his_o war_n shall_v find_v his_o fortune_n to_o have_v special_o grow_v from_o his_o active_a and_o attempt_v spirit_n in_o this_o eagle-bearer_n maximus_fw-la we_o may_v see_v verify_v that_o which_o paterculus_n affirm_v of_o mithridates_n that_o a_o valiant_a spirit_n be_v sometime_o great_a by_o the_o favour_n of_o fortune_n but_o always_o great_a in_o a_o good_a courage_n for_o these_o title_n of_o degree_n as_o princeps_fw-la prio_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n here_o mention_v have_v former_o discourse_v at_o large_a of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o legion_n and_o the_o hierarchy_n of_o their_o discipline_n i_o will_v rather_o refer_v the_o reader_n thereunto_o then_o bombast_n out_o a_o volume_n with_o distasteful_a repetition_n chap._n xxiii_o caesar_n purpose_v to_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o war_n and_o attempt_v to_o cut_v off_o one_o of_o pompey_n legion_n caesar_n understanding_n of_o the_o loss_n caesar_n and_o perceive_v that_o pompey_n be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o fortification_n and_o be_v encamp_v upon_o the_o sea_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o may_v free_o go_v out_o to_o forage_v and_o have_v no_o less_o access_n to_o his_o ship_n then_o former_o he_o have_v change_v his_o course_n of_o war_n which_o have_v not_o succeed_v to_o his_o expectation_n he_o encamp_v himself_o fast_o by_o pompey_n the_o work_n be_v perfect_v it_o be_v observe_v by_o câ—sar's_n discoverer_n that_o certain_a cohort_n to_o the_o number_n of_o a_o legion_n be_v bring_v behind_o a_o wood_n into_o the_o old_a camp_n the_o site_n of_o the_o camp_n be_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o day_n before_o caesar_n nine_o legion_n oppose_v themselves_o against_o pompey_n force_n and_o work_v upon_o the_o fortification_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v have_v their_o camp_n in_o that_o place_n adjoin_v unto_o a_o wood_n and_o not_o distant_a from_o the_o sea_n above_o four_o hundred_o pase_n afterward_o caesar_n change_v his_o mind_n for_o some_o certain_a cause_n transfer_v his_o lodging_n somewhat_o far_o off_o from_o that_o place_n a_o few_o day_n after_o the_o same_o camp_n be_v possess_v by_o pompey_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v to_o lodge_v more_o legion_n in_o that_o place_n leave_v the_o inner_a rampire_n stand_v he_o enlarge_v the_o fortification_n so_o that_o the_o lesser_a camp_n be_v include_v in_o the_o great_a serve_v as_o a_o castle_n or_o citadel_n to_o the_o same_o beside_o also_o he_o draw_v a_o fortification_n from_o the_o right_a angle_n of_o the_o camp_n four_o hundred_o pase_n outright_o to_o a_o river_n to_o the_o end_n the_o soldier_n may_v water_v free_o without_o danger_n and_o he_o also_o change_v his_o mind_n for_o some_o cause_v not_o requisite_a to_o be_v mention_v leave_v the_o place_n too_o so_o that_o the_o camp_n stand_v empty_a for_o many_o day_n together_o and_o all_o the_o fortification_n be_v as_o perfect_a as_o at_o the_o first_o the_o discoverer_n bring_v news_n to_o caesar_n that_o they_o have_v see_v a_o ensign_n of_o a_o legion_n carry_v thither_o the_o same_o be_v likewise_o confirm_v from_o certain_a fort_n which_o stand_v upon_o the_o high_a ground_n the_o place_n be_v distant_a from_o pompey_n new_a camp_n about_o five_o hundred_o pase_n caesar_n hope_v to_o cut_v off_o this_o legion_n and_o desirous_a to_o repair_v that_o day_n loss_n leave_v two_o cohort_n at_o work_n to_o make_v a_o show_n of_o fortify_v and_o he_o himself_o by_o a_o contrary_a way_n in_o as_o covert_a a_o manner_n as_o he_o can_v lead_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o cohort_n in_o number_n thirty_o three_o among_o who_o be_v the_o nine_o
narrowness_n of_o the_o place_n and_o from_o their_o own_o disorder_n then_o from_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o conclude_v they_o do_v not_o remember_v the_o common_a chance_n and_o casualty_n of_o war_n wherein_o oftentimes_o very_o small_a cause_n either_o of_o false_a suspicion_n or_o of_o sudden_a fear_n or_o out_o of_o scruple_n of_o religion_n do_v infer_v great_a and_o heavy_a loss_n as_o often_o as_o either_o by_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o general_n or_o the_o fault_n of_o a_o tribune_n the_o army_n be_v misorder_a but_o as_o though_o they_o have_v overcome_v by_o true_a force_n of_o their_o prowess_n and_o that_o no_o alteration_n of_o thing_n can_v after_o happen_v they_o magnify_v that_o day_n victory_n by_o letter_n and_o report_n throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o first_o observation_n sometime_o we_o may_v think_v to_o repair_v a_o loss_n and_o thereby_o hazard_v a_o great_a misfortune_n for_o albeit_o the_o say_n be_v common_a that_o a_o man_n must_v seek_v his_o coat_n where_o he_o lose_v it_o as_o dicer_n do_v yet_o there_o be_v always_o more_o certainty_n in_o seek_v sinit_fw-la then_o in_o find_v for_o the_o circle_n of_o humane_a affair_n be_v carry_v round_o in_o a_o course_n do_v not_o suffer_v happiness_n to_o continue_v with_o one_o party_n and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v that_o pittacus_n dedicate_v a_o ladder_n to_o the_o temple_n of_o mitylene_n to_o put_v man_n in_o mind_n of_o their_o condition_n 1._o which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o go_v up_o and_o down_o the_o life_n of_o a_o soldier_n be_v a_o mere_a hermaphrodite_n paneg._n and_o take_v part_n of_o either_o sex_n of_o fortune_n and_o be_v make_v by_o nature_n to_o beget_v happiness_n of_o adversity_n and_o mischance_n of_o good_a hap_n as_o if_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o cause_n by_o intermix_v sweet_a with_o sour_a will_v lead_v we_o to_o his_o providence_n and_o consequent_o to_o himself_o the_o first_o mover_n of_o all_o motion_n the_o diversity_n of_o these_o event_n be_v so_o inchain_v together_o as_o one_o seem_v to_o have_v relation_n to_o the_o other_o for_o this_o task_n admit_v not_o of_o veni_fw-la vidi_fw-la vici_fw-la i_o only_o come_v and_o see_v and_o overcome_v nor_o go_v on_o with_o alexander_n march_v over_o the_o plain_n of_o asia_n without_o rub_n or_o counterbuff_n but_o the_o business_n be_v dispose_v here_o to_o receive_v a_o blow_n and_o there_o to_o gain_v a_o victory_n and_o so_o this_o loss_n at_o dyrraechium_n make_v the_o battle_n at_o pharsalia_n the_o more_o glorious_a and_o beautify_v the_o course_n of_o this_o war_n with_o variety_n of_o chance_n the_o best_a use_n of_o these_o disaster_n be_v that_o which_o câ—oesus_n make_a of_o his_o cross_a fortune_n mei_fw-la casus_fw-la 1._o et_fw-la si_fw-la ingrati_fw-la mihi_fw-la tamen_fw-la extitere_fw-la disciplina_fw-la my_o mishap_n though_o they_o be_v unpleasing_a enough_o yet_o they_o have_v still_o teach_v i_o something_o the_o second_o observation_n as_o the_o mathematics_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o certainty_n do_v admit_v demonstration_n as_o well_o from_o the_o conclusion_n to_o the_o principle_n as_o from_o the_o principle_n to_o the_o conclusion_n so_o in_o the_o action_n of_o man_n life_n it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o assign_v the_o precedent_a cause_n by_o the_o sequel_n 5._o the_o event_n be_v oftentimes_o a_o understand_a judge_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v past_a and_o although_o it_o do_v no_o where_o appear_v what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o labienus_n leave_v caesar_n yet_o his_o insolent_a carriage_n towards_o these_o captive_n may_v make_v at_o least_o a_o probable_a conjecture_n that_o his_o revolt_n proceed_v from_o his_o own_o disposition_n rather_o than_o from_o any_o cause_n on_o caesar_n behalf_n for_o where_o a_o man_n have_v once_o do_v a_o injury_n he_o will_v never_o cease_v heap_v one_o wrong_a after_o another_o and_o all_o to_o justify_v his_o first_o error_n whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n a_o noble_a spirit_n free_a from_o all_o desert_n will_v demean_v himself_o answerable_a to_o his_o first_o innocency_n chap._n xxv_o caesar_n speak_v to_o the_o soldier_n concern_v this_o mishap_n and_o forsake_v the_o place_n caesar_n be_v drive_v from_o his_o former_a purpose_n caesar_n resolve_v to_o change_v the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o war_n so_o that_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n omit_v the_o siege_n and_o withdraw_v the_o garrison_n he_o bring_v all_o the_o army_n into_o one_o place_n and_o there_o speak_v unto_o the_o soldier_n exhort_v they_o not_o to_o think_v much_o at_o those_o thing_n that_o have_v happen_v nor_o to_o be_v amuze_v therewith_o but_o to_o counterpoise_v this_o loss_n which_o be_v in_o a_o mediocrity_n with_o many_o happy_a and_o fortunate_a battle_n they_o have_v gain_v let_v they_o thank_v fortune_n that_o they_o have_v take_v italy_n without_o blow_n or_o wound_n that_o they_o have_v quiet_v and_o put_v in_o peace_n both_o the_o province_n of_o spain_n full_a of_o warlike_a man_n and_o direct_v by_o skilful_a and_o practise_a commander_n that_o they_o also_o have_v subdue_v the_o fertile_a border_a province_n and_o likewise_o that_o they_o shall_v remember_v with_o what_o facility_n they_o be_v all_o transport_v in_o safety_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n not_o only_o the_o havens_n and_o port_n but_o all_o the_o coast_n be_v full_a of_o ship_v if_o all_o thing_n fall_v not_o out_o prosperous_o apo._n fortune_fw-mi be_v to_o be_v help_v by_o their_o industry_n the_o loss_n which_o be_v receive_v may_v be_v attribute_v to_o any_o man_n rather_o than_o unto_o he_o for_o he_o have_v give_v they_o a_o secure_a place_n to_o fight_v in_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o the_o enemy_n camp_n drive_v they_o out_o and_o overcome_v they_o in_o fight_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v their_o fear_n or_o any_o other_o error_n or_o fortune_n herself_o that_o will_v interrupt_v a_o victory_n already_o gain_v every_o man_n be_v now_o to_o labour_n to_o repair_v the_o damage_n they_o have_v sustain_v with_o their_o valour_n which_o if_o they_o do_v endeavour_v he_o will_v turn_v their_o less_o into_o advantage_n as_o it_o former_o fall_v out_o at_o gergovia_n where_o such_o as_o before_o be_v afraid_a to_o sight_n do_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n offer_v themselves_o to_o battle_n have_v end_v his_o speech_n 〈…〉_z he_o disgrace_v and_o displace_v some_o ensign_n bearer_n the_o army_n thereupon_o conceive_v such_o a_o grief_n of_o the_o blow_n that_o be_v give_v they_o and_o such_o a_o desire_n they_o have_v to_o repair_v their_o dishonour_n that_o no_o man_n need_v the_o command_n either_o of_o a_o tribune_n or_o centurion_n every_o man_n impose_v upon_o himself_o as_o a_o punishment_n for_o his_o late_a fault_n great_a labour_n then_o usual_a and_o withal_o inflame_v with_o a_o earnest_a desire_n of_o fight_v insomuch_o as_o many_o of_o the_o high_a order_n think_v it_o requisite_a to_o continue_v in_o the_o place_n and_o refer_v the_o cause_n to_o a_o battle_n but_o contrariwise_o caesar_n be_v not_o assure_v of_o the_o terrify_a soldier_n and_o think_v it_o expedient_a beside_o to_o interpose_v some_o time_n for_o the_o settle_n of_o their_o mind_n fear_v likewise_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v straighten_v through_o scarcity_n of_o corn_n upon_o the_o leave_n of_o his_o fortification_n and_o therefore_o without_o any_o far_a delay_n give_v order_n for_o such_o as_o be_v wound_v and_o sick_a assoon_o as_o it_o be_v night_n he_o convey_v all_o the_o carriage_n secret_o out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o send_v they_o before_o towards_o apollonia_n forbid_v they_o to_o rest_v until_o they_o come_v to_o their_o lodging_n and_o send_v one_o legion_n withal_o to_o convoy_n they_o that_o be_v do_v he_o retain_v two_o legion_n within_o the_o camp_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v lead_v out_o at_o divers_a port_n about_o the_o four_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o send_v the_o same_o way_n and_o after_o a_o little_a pause_n for_o the_o observe_n of_o military_a order_n and_o to_o the_o end_n his_o speedy_a departure_n may_v not_o be_v discover_v he_o command_v they_o to_o take_v up_o the_o cry_n of_o truss_v up_o their_o baggage_n and_o present_o set_v forward_o overtake_v the_o former_a troup_n &_o so_o go_v speedy_o out_o of_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o camp_n pompey_n have_v notice_n of_o his_o purpose_n make_v no_o delay_n to_o follow_v after_o but_o aim_v at_o the_o same_o thing_n either_o to_o take_v they_o encumber_a in_o their_o march_n or_o astonish_v with_o fear_n bring_v forth_o his_o army_n and_o send_v his_o horseman_n before_o to_o stay_v the_o rearward_n but_o caesar_n go_v with_o so_o speedy_a a_o march_n that_o he_o can_v not_o overtake_v they_o until_o he_o come_v to_o the_o river_n genusus_n where_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o high_a and_o uneasy_a bank_n the_o cavalry_n overtake_v the_o tail_n of_o the_o
who_o come_v with_o such_o a_o 〈◊〉_d upon_o pompey_n horseman_n that_o none_o of_o they_o be_v able_a to_o stand_v before_o they_o but_o turn_v their_o back_n do_v not_o only_o give_v place_n but_o flee_v all_o as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v to_o the_o high_a hill_n whereby_o the_o archer_n and_o slinger_n be_v leave_v naked_a without_o succour_n be_v all_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n and_o with_o the_o same_o violence_n those_o cohort_n encompass_v about_o the_o left_a cornet_n notwithstanding_o any_o resistance_n that_o can_v be_v make_v by_o pompey_n party_n and_o charge_v they_o behind_o upon_o their_o back_n at_o the_o same_o time_n caesar_n command_v the_o three_o battle_n which_o as_o yet_o stand_v still_o and_o be_v not_o remove_v to_o advance_v forward_o by_o mean_n of_o which_o fresh_a and_o sound_a man_n relieve_v such_o as_o be_v faint_a and_o weary_a as_o also_o that_o other_o do_v charge_v they_o behind_o upon_o their_o back_n pompey_n party_n be_v able_a no_o long_o to_o endure_v it_o but_o all_o turn_v their_o back_n and_o flee_v neither_o be_v caesar_n deceive_v in_o his_o opinion_n that_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o victory_n will_v grow_v from_o those_o cohort_n which_o he_o place_v in_o the_o four_o battle_n against_o the_o horseman_n according_a as_o he_o himself_o have_v open_o speak_v in_o his_o encouragement_n to_o the_o soldier_n for_o by_o they_o first_o the_o cavalry_n be_v beat_v by_o they_o the_o archer_n and_o slinger_n be_v slay_v by_o they_o pompey_n battle_n be_v circumvent_v on_o the_o left_a cornet_n and_o by_o their_o mean_n they_o begin_v to_o fly_v as_o soon_o as_o pompey_n see_v his_o cavalry_n beat_v and_o perceive_v the_o part_n wherein_o he_o most_o trust_v to_o be_v amuse_v and_o affright_v and_o distrust_v the_o rest_n he_o forthwith_o leave_v the_o battle_n and_o convey_v himself_o on_o horseback_n into_o the_o camp_n and_o speak_v to_o the_o centurion_n that_o have_v the_o watch_n at_o the_o praetorian_a gate_n with_o a_o loud_a voice_n as_o all_o the_o soldier_n may_v hear_v he_o say_v keep_v the_o camp_n &_o defend_v it_o diligent_o to_o prevent_v any_o hard_a casualty_n that_o may_v happen_v in_o the_o mean_a while_n i_o will_v go_v about_o to_o the_o other_o port_n to_o settle_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o camp_n and_o have_v thus_o say_v he_o go_v into_o the_o praetorium_n distrust_v the_o main_a point_n and_o yet_o expect_v the_o event_n the_o first_o observation_n pompey_n so_o carry_v himself_o in_o the_o course_n of_o this_o war_n as_o he_o rather_o seem_v a_o sufferer_n then_o a_o doer_n never_o dispose_v his_o army_n for_o any_o attempt_n or_o onset_n but_o only_o when_o he_o break_v out_o of_o the_o place_n wherein_o he_o be_v besiege_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o according_o he_o give_v order_n that_o in_o the_o main_a action_n &_o point_n of_o trial_n his_o soldier_n shall_v suffer_v and_o sustain_v the_o assault_n rather_o than_o otherwise_o but_o whether_o he_o do_v well_o or_o no_o have_v since_o be_v in_o question_n caesar_n utter_o dislike_v it_o as_o a_o thing_n contrary_n to_o reason_n plutarch_n est_fw-la quaedam_fw-la say_v he_o animi_fw-la incitatio_fw-la atque_fw-la alacritas_fw-la naturaliter_fw-la innata_fw-la omnibus_fw-la quae_fw-la study_n pugnae_fw-la incenditur_fw-la hanc_fw-la non_fw-la reprimere_fw-la sed_fw-la augere_fw-la imperatores_fw-la debent_fw-la there_o be_v a_o certain_a incitation_n and_o alacrity_n of_o spirit_n natural_o plant_v in_o every_o man_n which_o be_v inflame_v with_o a_o desire_n to_o fight_v neither_o shall_v any_o commander_n repress_v or_o restrain_v the_o same_o but_o rather_o increase_v it_o and_o set_v it_o forward_o agreeable_a whereunto_o be_v that_o of_o cato_n the_o great_a that_o in_o case_n of_o battle_n and_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v with_o all_o violence_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o put_v the_o soldier_n at_o some_o reasonable_a distance_n into_o a_o posture_n of_o vaunt_a and_o definance_n with_o menace_n and_o cry_v of_o terror_n and_o then_o to_o spring_v forward_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o may_v make_v they_o fall_v upon_o their_o enemy_n with_o great_a fury_n as_o champion_n or_o wrestler_n before_o they_o buckle_v stretch_v out_o their_o limb_n and_o make_v their_o flourish_n as_o may_v best_o serve_v to_o assure_v themselves_o and_o discourage_v their_o adversary_n according_a as_o we_o read_v of_o hercules_n and_o antaeus_n ille_fw-la cleonaei_fw-la projecit_fw-la terga_fw-la leonis_fw-la 4._o antaeus_n libyâ—i_n persudâ—t_fw-la membra_fw-la liquore_fw-la hospes_fw-la olympiacae_fw-la servato_fw-la more_fw-it palaestrae_fw-la ille_fw-la parum_fw-la â—idens_fw-la pedibus_fw-la contingere_fw-la matrem_fw-la auxilium_fw-la membris_fw-la calidas_fw-la infudit_fw-la arenas_fw-la the_o one_o throw_v by_o his_o cleoncan_n lion_n skin_n the_o other_n be_v libyan_a and_o ere_o they_o begin_v the_o one_o anoints_z himself_o from_o top_n to_o toe_n as_o the_o olympian_a gamester_n use_v to_o do_v not_o sure_o his_o foe_n will_v let_v his_o foot_n touch_v ground_n himself_o with_o sand_n antaeus_n sprinkle_v round_o howbeit_o forasmuch_o as_o all_o man_n be_v not_o of_o one_o temper_n but_o require_v several_a fashion_n to_o tune_v their_o mind_n to_o the_o true_a note_n of_o a_o battle_n we_o shall_v find_v several_a nation_n to_o have_v several_a usance_n in_o this_o point_n the_o roman_n as_o appear_v by_o this_o of_o caesar_n be_v of_o ancient_a time_n accustom_v to_o sound_a trumpet_n and_o oboe_n in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o army_n and_o to_o take_v up_o a_o great_a clamour_n and_o shout_n whereby_o the_o soldier_n in_o their_o understanding_n be_v encourage_v and_o the_o enemy_n affright_v homer_n whereas_o contrariwise_o the_o greek_n go_v always_o with_o a_o close_a and_o silent_a mouth_n 3._o as_o have_v more_o to_o do_v then_o to_o say_v to_o their_o enemy_n and_o thucydides_n write_v of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n the_o flower_n of_o greece_n for_o matter_n of_o arm_n say_v that_o instead_o of_o trumpet_n and_o cornet_n to_o incite_v they_o they_o use_v the_o sweet_a harmony_n of_o flute_n to_o moderate_v and_o qualify_v their_o passion_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v transport_v with_o unbridled_a impetuesity_n it_o be_v report_v that_o marshal_n byron_n the_o father_n seem_v to_o dislike_v of_o our_o english_a march_n hear_v it_o beat_v by_o the_o drum_n as_o too_o slow_a and_o of_o no_o encouragement_n and_o yet_o it_o so_o fit_v our_o nation_n as_o sir_n roger_n williams_n then_o answer_v as_o we_o have_v divers_a time_n overrun_v all_o france_n with_o it_o howsoever_o the_o event_n of_o this_o battle_n be_v sufficient_a to_o disprove_v pompey_n error_n herein_o and_o to_o make_v good_a what_o caesar_n command_v the_o second_o observation_n these_o six_o cohort_n which_o make_v the_o four_o battle_n do_v so_o encounter_v pompey_n cavalry_n that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o withstand_v they_o it_o be_v say_v that_o caesar_n give_v they_o order_n not_o to_o sling_v their_o pile_n as_o common_o they_o do_v but_o to_o hold_v they_o in_o their_o hand_n like_o a_o pike_n or_o a_o javelin_n and_o make_v only_o at_o the_o face_n of_o those_o gallant_n and_o man_n at_o arm_n on_o horseback_n for_o the_o hold_n of_o they_o in_o their_o hand_n i_o do_v not_o understand_v it_o and_o can_v conceive_v how_o they_o can_v reach_v more_o than_o the_o next_o rank_n unto_o they_o in_o that_o manner_n but_o for_o make_v at_o the_o face_n of_o the_o cavalry_n 2._o florus_n say_v that_o caesar_n as_o he_o gallop_v up_o and_o down_o the_o rank_n be_v hear_v to_o let_v fall_v bloody_a and_o bitter_a word_n but_o very_o pathetical_a and_o effectual_a for_o a_o victory_n as_o thus_o soldier_n cast_v right_o at_o the_o face_n whereas_o pompey_n call_v to_o his_o man_n to_o spare_v their_o fellow-citizen_n eutropius_n in_o his_o epitome_n of_o suetonius_n affirm_v the_o same_o thing_n both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o of_o the_o other_o and_o lucan_n seem_v to_o aver_v the_o same_o concern_v that_o of_o caesar_n adversosque_fw-la jubetferro_fw-la contundere_fw-la vultus_fw-la 7._o he_o bid_v they_o strike_v just_a at_o the_o enemy_n face_n frontinus_n have_v it_o thus_o 7._o c._n caesar_n cum_fw-la in_o partibus_fw-la pompeianis_fw-la magna_fw-la equitum_fw-la romanorum_fw-la esset_fw-la manus_fw-la eaque_fw-la armorum_fw-la scientia_fw-la milites_fw-la conficeret_fw-la ora_fw-la oculosque_fw-la eorum_fw-la gladiis_fw-la peti_fw-la jussit_fw-la &_o sic_fw-la aduersam_fw-la faciem_fw-la cedere_fw-la coegit_fw-la pompey_n have_v in_o his_o army_n a_o great_a company_n of_o roman_a knight_n who_o be_v well-skilled_a at_o their_o weapon_n make_v a_o end_n of_o their_o enemy_n caesar_n command_v his_o man_n to_o make_v at_o their_o face_n and_o eye_n and_o thereby_o compel_v they_o to_o turn_v away_o their_o face_n the_o three_o observation_n among_o these_o memorial_n crastinus_n may_v not_o be_v forget_v be_v the_o first_o man_n that_o begin_v the_o battle_n
pompey_n who_o plutarch_n call_v c._n crassinius_n and_o say_v that_o caesar_n see_v he_o in_o the_o morning_n as_o he_o come_v out_o of_o his_o tent_n ask_v he_o what_o he_o think_v of_o the_o success_n of_o the_o battle_n crastinus_n stretch_v out_o his_o right_a hand_n unto_o he_o cry_v out_o aloud_o o_o caesar_n thou_o be_v the_o victory_n and_o this_o day_n shall_v thou_o commend_v i_o either_o alive_a or_o dead_a and_o according_o he_o break_v afterward_o out_o of_o the_o rank_n and_o run_v among_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o enemy_n with_o many_o that_o follow_v he_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n at_o last_o one_o run_v he_o into_o the_o mouth_n that_o the_o sword_n point_n come_v out_o at_o his_o neck_n and_o so_o slay_v he_o by_o he_o and_o other_o of_o like_a courage_n and_o worth_n be_v caesar_n raise_v from_o the_o extremity_n of_o his_o want_n and_o the_o disgrace_n of_o his_o former_a loss_n to_o the_o chief_a height_n of_o earthly_a glory_n and_o herein_o may_v well_o assume_v unto_o himself_o that_o which_o be_v former_o say_v of_o the_o people_n magna_fw-la populi_fw-la romani_fw-la fortuna_fw-la sed_fw-la semper_fw-la in_o malis_fw-la major_a resurrexit_fw-la great_a be_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n but_o it_o still_o grow_v great_a &_o increase_v by_o trouble_n together_o with_o that_o of_o plutarch_n florus_n res_fw-la invicta_fw-la romanorum_fw-la arma_fw-la the_o roman_a arm_n be_v thing_n invincible_a lucan_n speak_v of_o scaeva_n former_o mention_v 4._o say_v paraâ—â—â—_n he_o show_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o valour_n to_o get_v rome_n a_o lord_n but_o upon_o crastinus_n he_o lay_v a_o heavy_a doom_n dâ—i_fw-la tibi_fw-la non_fw-la mortem_fw-la quae_fw-la cunctis_fw-la poena_fw-la paratur_fw-la sed_fw-la sensum_fw-la post_fw-la fata_fw-la tuus_fw-la dent_fw-la crastine_n morti_fw-la cujus_fw-la torta_fw-la manu_fw-la commisit_fw-la lancea_fw-la bellum_fw-la primaque_fw-la thessaliam_fw-la romano_n sanguine_fw-la tinxit_fw-la may_v thou_o not_o only_o die_v which_o all_o man_n do_v but_o die_v and_o have_v thy_o sense_n after_o too_o a_o lance_n throw_v by_o thy_o hand_n the_o fight_n begin_v when_o with_o brave_a roman_a blood_n thessalia_n run_v sabinus_n and_o cotta_n chap._n xxxiii_o caesar_n press_v hard_a after_o the_o enemy_n and_o take_v the_o camp_n pompey_n soldier_n be_v thus_o force_v to_o fly_v into_o their_o camp_n caesar_n caesar_n think_v it_o expedient_a to_o give_v they_o no_o time_n of_o respite_n exhort_v the_o army_n to_o use_v the_o benefit_n of_o fortune_n and_o to_o assault_v the_o camp_n who_o notwithstanding_o the_o extreme_a heat_n for_o the_o business_n be_v draw_v out_o until_o it_o be_v high_a noon_n be_v willing_a to_o undergo_v any_o labour_n and_o to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o his_o commandment_n the_o camp_n be_v industrious_o defend_v by_o the_o cohort_n that_o have_v the_o guard_n thereof_o but_o much_o more_o stout_o by_o the_o thracian_n and_o other_o succour_n of_o barbarous_a people_n for_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v flee_v thither_o out_o of_o the_o battle_n be_v so_o terrify_v in_o mind_n and_o spend_v with_o weariness_n that_o most_o of_o they_o have_v lay_v aside_o their_o arm_n and_o military_a ensign_n do_v rather_o think_v how_o they_o may_v best_o escape_v then_o to_o defend_v the_o camp_n neither_o can_v they_o which_o stand_v upon_o the_o rampire_n any_o long_o endure_v the_o multitude_n of_o weapon_n but_o faint_v with_o wound_n forsake_v the_o place_n and_o present_o flee_v into_o the_o high_a mountain_n adjoin_v unto_o the_o camp_n be_v lead_v thither_o by_o the_o centurion_n and_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n in_o the_o camp_n be_v find_v table_n ready_a lay_v and_o prepare_v with_o linen_n together_o with_o cupboard_n of_o plate_n furnish_v and_o set_v out_o and_o their_o tent_n strew_v with_o fresh_a herb_n and_o rush_n and_o that_o of_o lentulus_n and_o divers_a other_o with_o ivy_n and_o many_o other_o superfluity_n discover_v their_o extreme_a luxury_n and_o assurance_n of_o victory_n whereby_o it_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v conceive_v that_o they_o nothing_o fear_v the_o event_n of_o that_o day_n be_v so_o careful_a of_o such_o unnecessary_a delight_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o they_o upbraid_v caesar_n patient_a and_o miserable_a army_n with_o riot_n and_o excess_n to_o who_o there_o be_v always_o want_v such_o requisite_n as_o be_v expedient_a for_o their_o necessary_a use_n pompey_n whenas_o our_o man_n be_v come_v within_o the_o camp_n have_v get_v a_o horse_n and_o cast_v away_o all_o ensign_n of_o imperial_a authority_n get_v out_o at_o the_o decumane_a gate_n and_o make_v towards_o larissa_n as_o fast_o as_o his_o horse_n can_v carry_v he_o neither_o do_v he_o stay_v there_o but_o with_o the_o same_o speed_n have_v get_v a_o few_o follower_n that_o escape_v by_o flight_n post_v night_n and_o day_n come_v at_o length_n to_o the_o sea_n side_n with_o a_o troup_n of_o thirty_o horse_n and_o there_o go_v aboard_o a_o ship_n of_o burden_n complain_v that_o his_o opinion_n only_o deceive_v he_o be_v as_o it_o be_v betray_v by_o such_o as_o begin_v first_o to_o fly_v from_o who_o he_o hope_v chief_o to_o have_v have_v the_o victory_n observation_n whereas_o it_o be_v say_v 8._o that_o a_o dilatory_a course_n be_v very_o profitable_a and_o safe_a we_o be_v to_o understand_v it_o as_o a_o chief_a and_o main_a point_n in_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o ambassador_n to_o temporize_v in_o thing_n which_o be_v press_v hard_o upon_o he_o tempora_fw-la as_o be_v accountable_a for_o word_n and_o time_n but_o no_o way_n charge_v with_o expedition_n of_o war_n wherein_o protraction_n be_v oftentimes_o the_o interrupter_n of_o absolute_a victory_n and_o the_o only_o supplant_a of_o that_o which_o be_v desire_v vincere_fw-la scis_fw-la hannibal_n sed_fw-la victoria_fw-la uti_fw-la nescis_fw-la thou_o know_v well_o enough_o how_o to_o get_v the_o victory_n legatione_fw-la hannibal_n but_o thou_o know_v not_o how_o to_o use_v it_o be_v a_o common_a byword_n and_o happen_v then_o well_o for_o the_o state_n of_o rome_n but_o now_o it_o fall_v out_o otherwise_o have_v meet_v with_o one_o that_o know_v how_o to_o conquer_v and_o how_o to_o follow_v victory_n to_o purpose_n for_o notwithstanding_o the_o battle_n he_o have_v fight_v and_o the_o advantage_n he_o have_v thereby_o get_v may_v have_v seem_v sufficient_a for_o one_o day_n labour_n property_n yet_o he_o will_v not_o let_v occasion_n pass_v without_o take_v the_o benefit_n that_o be_v then_o offer_v and_o never_o cease_v until_o he_o have_v force_v the_o camp_n and_o overtake_v those_o that_o escape_v the_o battle_n and_o so_o make_v victory_n sure_a unto_o he_o by_o drive_v the_o nail_n home_o to_o the_o head_n in_o regard_v whereof_o he_o do_v not_o unfit_o use_v for_o his_o word_n or_o motto_n as_o they_o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o defer_v nothing_o chap._n xxxiv_o caesar_n besiege_v those_o that_o be_v escape_v into_o the_o hill_n caesar_n have_v get_v the_o camp_n caesar_n instant_o require_v the_o soldier_n not_o to_o look_v after_o pillage_n and_o booty_n and_o let_v slip_v the_o mean_n of_o end_v the_o rest_n of_o their_o business_n which_o after_o he_o have_v obtain_v he_o begin_v to_o enclose_v the_o hill_n about_o with_o work_n of_o fortification_n they_o of_o pompey_n party_n distrust_v the_o place_n for_o that_o the_o hill_n have_v no_o water_n leave_v it_o at_o a_o instant_n and_o all_o those_o that_o be_v partaker_n of_o that_o fortune_n make_v towards_o larissa_n which_o caesar_n observe_v divide_v his_o force_n and_o command_v part_n of_o the_o legion_n to_o remain_v in_o pompey_n camp_n and_o part_n he_o send_v back_o into_o his_o own_o and_o lead_v four_o legion_n along_o with_o he_o he_o take_v a_o near_a way_n to_o meet_v with_o they_o and_o have_v go_v six_o mile_n he_o imbattel_v his_o force_n which_o they_o perceive_v betake_v themselves_o unto_o a_o high_a hill_n under_o which_o run_v a_o river_n caesar_n persuade_v the_o soldier_n albeit_o they_o be_v spend_v with_o continual_a labour_n all_o that_o day_n and_o that_o night_n be_v now_o at_o hand_n yet_o they_o will_v not_o think_v it_o much_o to_o cut_v off_o the_o river_n from_o the_o hill_n by_o a_o fortification_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o water_v in_o the_o night_n which_o work_n be_v perfect_v they_o begin_v by_o commissioner_n to_o treat_v of_o condition_n of_o yield_v themselves_o some_o few_o of_o the_o senator_n escape_v in_o the_o nighttime_n away_o by_o flight_n caesar_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v day_n cause_v they_o all_o to_o come_v down_o from_o the_o hill_n into_o the_o plain_a and_o there_o to_o cast_v away_o their_o arm_n which_o they_o perform_v without_o refusal_n and_o cast_v themselves_o upon_o the_o earth_n their_o hand_n spread_v abroad_o with_o shed_v of_o many_o tear_n desire_a mercy_n caesar_n comfort_v
the_o town_n and_o to_o learn_v what_o achillas_n intend_v howsoever_o he_o command_v all_o the_o soldier_n to_o arm_n and_o exhort_v the_o king_n that_o of_o those_o which_o be_v near_a unto_o he_o and_o of_o great_a authority_n he_o will_v send_v some_o to_o achillas_n to_o know_v his_o meaning_n dioscorides_n &_o serapion_n be_v depute_v thereunto_o have_v be_v both_o ambassador_n at_o rome_n and_o in_o great_a place_n about_o ptolemey_n the_o father_n they_o come_v to_o achillas_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v come_v into_o his_o presence_n and_o before_o he_o will_v hear_v or_o understand_v what_o they_o will_v have_v he_o command_v to_o be_v take_v away_o and_o slay_v of_o who_o one_o have_v receive_v a_o wound_n be_v carry_v away_o by_o his_o own_o people_n for_o dead_a the_o other_o be_v slay_v outright_o whereupon_o caesar_n wrought_v to_o get_v the_o king_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n think_v that_o his_o name_n and_o title_n will_v prevail_v much_o among_o his_o people_n as_o also_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o this_o war_n be_v rather_o move_v by_o the_o private_a practice_n of_o some_o seditious_a thief_n then_o by_o order_n and_o commandment_n from_o the_o king_n observation_n the_o multiplicity_n of_o occasion_n and_o trouble_n which_o happen_v to_o such_o as_o have_v the_o order_n of_o any_o business_n of_o import_n do_v make_v that_o of_o pliny_n often_o remember_v 8._o veteribus_fw-la negotâ—â—s_fw-la nova_fw-la accrâ—scunt_fw-la nec_fw-la tamen_fw-la priora_fw-la peraguntur_fw-la tot_fw-la nexibus_fw-la tot_fw-la quasi_fw-la catenis_fw-la majus_fw-la indy_n occupationum_fw-la agmen_fw-la extenditur_fw-la new_a business_n come_v in_o the_o neck_n of_o old_a and_o yet_o the_o first_o be_v not_o dispatch_v with_o so_o many_o tie_n and_o chain_n as_o it_o be_v be_v the_o troup_n of_o business_n every_o day_n make_v long_a and_o long_o for_o albeit_o pompey_n have_v now_o spend_v his_o malice_n and_o be_v no_o more_o to_o appear_v in_o arm_n against_o caesar_n yet_o his_o hap_n be_v by_o sly_v to_o draw_v he_o as_o it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o revenge_n into_o a_o place_n where_o he_o be_v necessary_o to_o be_v entangle_v in_o a_o dangerous_a war_n to_o thâ—se_a prodigy_n here_o mention_v may_v be_v add_v that_o of_o aulus_n gellius_n 18._o that_o the_o same_o day_n the_o battle_n happen_v there_o fall_v out_o a_o strange_a wonder_n at_o 〈◊〉_d where_o a_o certain_a priest_n call_v cornelius_n of_o noble_a race_n and_o holy_a life_n sudden_o fall_v into_o a_o ecstasy_n and_o say_v he_o see_v a_o great_a battle_n afar_o off_o dart_n and_o pile_n she_o thick_a in_o the_o air_n some_o sly_v and_o some_o pursue_v great_a slaughter_n accompany_v with_o many_o lamentable_a groan_n and_o cry_n and_o in_o the_o end_n cry_v out_o that_o caesar_n have_v get_v the_o victory_n for_o which_o he_o be_v mâ—â—ked_v for_o the_o present_a but_o afterward_o hold_v in_o great_a admiration_n pliny_n make_v the_o small_a increase_n of_o nilus_n to_o be_v a_o fore-teller_n of_o pompey_n death_n 9_o minimumque_fw-la pharsalico_n bello_fw-la veluti_fw-la necem_fw-la magni_fw-la prodâ—gâ—â—_n quodam_fw-la slumine_fw-la aversante_n the_o least_o increase_n of_o nilus_n be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o pharsaliaâ—â—_n battle_n the_o very_a river_n prodigious_o show_v as_o it_o be_v a_o detestation_n of_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o great_a pompey_n chap._n xxxviii_o caesar_n land_v his_o force_n take_v pharus_n and_o cause_v photinus_n to_o be_v slay_v the_o force_n that_o be_v with_o achillas_n be_v neither_o for_o their_o number_n or_o fashion_n of_o man_n or_o use_v and_o experience_n in_o war_n to_o be_v contemn_v for_o he_o have_v twenty_o two_o thousand_o man_n in_o arm_n these_o troop_n consist_v of_o the_o gabinian_a soldier_n which_o be_v now_o grow_v into_o a_o custom_n of_o life_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o egyptian_n and_o have_v forget_v the_o name_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v there_o marry_v wife_n and_o most_o of_o they_o have_v child_n to_o these_o be_v add_v such_o as_o be_v gather_v from_o the_o thief_n and_o robber_n of_o syria_n the_o province_n of_o cilicia_n and_o other_o finitimate_a region_n beside_o many_o banish_a man_n and_o other_o condemn_v to_o die_v that_o flee_v thither_o and_o for_o all_o our_o fugitive_n there_o be_v ever_o a_o sure_a and_o certain_a receipt_n at_o alexandria_n and_o a_o certain_a condition_n of_o life_n for_o upon_o give_v up_o of_o his_o name_n he_o be_v present_o enrol_v a_o soldier_n and_o if_o one_o chance_v to_o be_v take_v and_o apprehend_v by_o his_o master_n he_o be_v present_o rescue_v by_o the_o concourse_n of_o soldier_n who_o be_v all_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n do_v strive_v for_o he_o as_o for_o themselves_o these_o require_v the_o king_n friend_n to_o be_v slay_v these_o be_v accustom_v to_o rob_v rich_a man_n of_o their_o good_n to_o better_a their_o pay_n to_o besiege_v the_o king_n house_n to_o expel_v some_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o send_v for_o other_o home_n according_a to_o a_o old_a custom_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a army_n there_o be_v beside_o two_o thousand_o horse_n that_o have_v be_v of_o ancient_a continuance_n in_o many_o of_o the_o war_n hold_v at_o alexandria_n and_o have_v bring_v back_o ptolemy_n the_o father_n and_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o kingdom_n have_v slay_v bibulus_n two_o son_n and_o have_v make_v war_n with_o the_o egyptian_n and_o this_o use_n and_o knowledge_n they_o have_v of_o war_n achillas_n trust_v to_o these_o force_n and_o contemn_v the_o small_a number_n of_o caesar_n troop_n do_v take_v and_o possess_v alexandria_n and_o further_o assault_v that_o part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o caesar_n hold_v with_o his_o man_n do_v first_o of_o all_o endeavour_n to_o break_v into_o his_o house_n but_o caesar_n have_v dispose_v the_o cohort_n in_o the_o street_n and_o way_n do_v bear_v out_o the_o assault_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o seek_v likewise_o at_o the_o port_n and_o it_o come_v at_o length_n to_o a_o very_a forcible_a encounter_n for_o have_v draw_v out_o their_o troop_n the_o fight_n begin_v to_o be_v â—ot_n in_o divers_a street_n and_o lane_n and_o the_o enemy_n in_o great_a troop_n go_v about_o to_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o galley_n of_o which_o there_o be_v 50._o find_v there_o that_o be_v send_v to_o serve_v pompey_n and_o return_v home_o again_o after_o the_o battle_n in_o thessalia_n these_o be_v all_o triremes_n and_o quinqueremes_n rig_v and_o ready_a to_o go_v to_o sea_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v twenty_o two_o which_o be_v always_o accustom_v to_o be_v the_o best_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o alexandria_n and_o be_v all_o furnish_v with_o deck_n which_o if_o they_o have_v take_v together_o with_o caesar_n ship_n they_o will_v have_v have_v the_o haven_n and_o the_o sea_n at_o their_o command_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n hinder_v caesar_n from_o succour_n and_o provision_n of_o victual_n in_o regard_v whereof_o they_o fight_v hard_o on_o both_o side_n achillas_n expect_v victory_n and_o our_o man_n for_o their_o safety_n but_o caesar_n obtain_v his_o purpose_n and_o because_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v so_o many_o several_a thing_n with_o so_o small_a force_n he_o set_v they_o all_o on_o fire_n together_o with_o those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o road_n and_o present_o land_v some_o soldier_n at_o pharus_n which_o be_v a_o tower_n in_o a_o island_n of_o a_o great_a height_n &_o build_v with_o strange_a workmanship_n take_v that_o name_n from_o the_o island_n this_o island_n lie_v over_o against_o alexandria_n and_o so_o make_v it_o a_o haven_n but_o former_a king_n have_v enlarge_v it_o nine_o hundred_o pace_n in_o length_n by_o raise_v great_a mount_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n have_v bring_v it_o so_o near_o to_o the_o town_n that_o they_o join_v they_o both_o together_o with_o a_o bridge_n in_o this_o island_n dwell_v divers_a egyptian_n and_o make_v a_o village_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o town_n and_o what_o ship_n soever_o have_v fall_v off_o their_o course_n either_o by_o tempest_n or_o error_n be_v there_o rob_v by_o those_o egyptian_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrow_a entrance_n no_o ship_n can_v come_v into_o the_o haven_n but_o by_o the_o favour_n and_o leave_v of_o they_o that_o hold_v pharus_n caesar_n be_v afraid_a of_o this_o while_o the_o enemy_n be_v busy_a in_o fight_n land_v his_o soldier_n take_v the_o place_n and_o there_o put_v a_o garrison_n whereby_o he_o bring_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o both_o corn_n and_o succour_n may_v safe_o come_v by_o sea_n to_o supply_v he_o for_o he_o have_v send_v to_o all_o the_o confine_a region_n for_o aid_n in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o town_n they_o so_o fight_v that_o they_o give_v over_o at_o length_n upon_o
lie_v in_o garrison_n past_o eighteen_o day_n he_o draw_v the_o fourteen_o and_o sixteen_o legion_n out_o of_o garrison_n from_o the_o river_n arar_n where_o he_o have_v place_v they_o for_o the_o speedy_a purveiance_n of_o corn_n and_o victual_n as_o be_v show_v you_o in_o the_o last_o book_n and_o with_o those_o two_o legion_n go_v to_o prosecute_v the_o carnutes_n when_o our_o enemy_n hear_v of_o the_o come_n of_o our_o army_n the_o carnutes_n move_v with_o the_o calamity_n of_o other_o leave_v their_o town_n and_o village_n that_o they_o dwell_v in_o which_o they_o have_v make_v upon_o the_o sudden_a with_o little_a cottage_n for_o necessity_n sake_n to_o keep_v off_o the_o winter_n for_o since_o they_o be_v conquer_v of_o late_a they_o have_v loâ—â—_n many_o of_o their_o wall_a town_n and_o flee_v scatter_v abroad_o caesar_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o will_v not_o put_v his_o soldier_n to_o the_o abide_n of_o the_o unseasonable_a sharp_a storm_n which_o chief_o at_o that_o time_n fall_v encamp_v himself_o within_o genabum_n a_o town_n of_o the_o carnutes_n and_o house_v his_o soldier_n partly_o in_o the_o building_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o partly_o in_o such_o building_n as_o be_v unfinished_a they_o thatch_v in_o haste_n with_o the_o straw_n that_o be_v bring_v in_o to_o cover_v their_o tent_n and_o cabin_n nevertheless_o he_o send_v abroad_o his_o horseman_n and_o auxiliary_a footman_n into_o all_o part_n whither_o he_o hear_v his_o enemy_n resort_v and_o that_o be_v not_o in_o vain_a for_o common_o our_o man_n return_v ever_o with_o a_o great_a booty_n the_o carnutes_n be_v put_v to_o it_o with_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o winter_n and_o the_o terror_n of_o the_o danger_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o house_n and_o home_n and_o not_o dare_v to_o stay_v any_o where_o any_o long_a time_n the_o wood_n be_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v they_o from_o the_o bitterness_n of_o the_o storm_n be_v scatter_v abroad_o and_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o disperse_v into_o the_o next_o city_n chap._n ii_o the_o bellovaci_n and_o other_o state_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o corbeus_n and_o comius_n invade_v the_o suessiones_n caesar_n march_v against_o they_o caesar_n at_o that_o hard_a time_n of_o the_o year_n think_v it_o enough_o to_o disperse_v the_o power_n that_o be_v assemble_v to_o the_o intent_n no_o beginning_n of_o war_n may_v spring_v up_o and_o weigh_v how_o much_o it_o concern_v he_o to_o prevent_v any_o open_a war_n from_o break_v out_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o next_o summer_n he_o place_v g._n trebonius_n in_o garrison_n at_o genabum_n with_o those_o two_o legion_n that_o he_o have_v there_o about_o he_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v by_o often_o message_n certify_v from_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n that_o the_o bellovaci_n who_o excel_v all_o gall_n and_o the_o belgae_n also_o in_o military_a fame_n and_o the_o state_n adjoin_v unto_o they_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o corbeus_n of_o beanvoy_n and_o comius_n of_o arras_n levy_a man_n of_o war_n and_o assemble_v they_o into_o one_o place_n to_o the_o intent_n with_o their_o whole_a power_n to_o invade_v the_o border_n of_o the_o suessiones_n which_o be_v appertain_v to_o the_o man_n of_o rheims_n think_v it_o stand_v not_o only_o upon_o his_o honour_n but_o also_o tend_v to_o his_o own_o security_n for_o the_o future_a to_o save_v his_o ally_n which_o have_v deserve_v well_o of_o the_o commonweal_n from_o displeasure_n and_o damage_n he_o call_v the_o eleven_o legion_n again_o out_o of_o garrison_n moreover_o he_o write_v to_o c._n fabius_n to_o bring_v the_o two_o legion_n that_o he_o have_v into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o suessiones_n and_o send_v for_o one_o of_o those_o two_o legion_n that_o be_v with_o t._n labienus_n so_o according_a as_o his_o garrison_n lay_v for_o the_o purpose_n and_o as_o the_o slate_n of_o the_o war_n require_v to_o his_o own_o continual_a trouble_n he_o put_v sometime_o one_o of_o his_o legion_n and_o sometime_o another_o to_o march_v from_o their_o quarter_n with_o this_o power_n that_o he_o have_v assemble_v he_o go_v against_o the_o bellovaci_n and_o encamp_v himself_o in_o their_o country_n send_v abroad_o his_o horseman_n into_o all_o quarter_n to_o glean_v up_o some_o of_o they_o by_o who_o mean_n he_o may_v learn_v what_o his_o enemy_n purpose_v to_o do_v his_o horseman_n do_v their_o duty_n bring_v word_n how_o few_o be_v find_v in_o the_o house_n and_o those_o not_o such_o as_o have_v stay_v behind_o to_o till_o the_o ground_n for_o they_o be_v purposely_o remove_v out_o of_o all_o place_n but_o such_o as_o have_v be_v send_v back_o again_o to_o spy_v of_o who_o caesar_n inquire_v in_o what_o place_n the_o force_n of_o the_o bellovaci_n be_v and_o what_o be_v their_o intent_n find_v that_o all_o the_o bellovaci_n be_v gather_v together_o into_o one_o place_n and_o that_o the_o ambiani_n aulerci_n caletes_n velocasses_n and_o attrebates_n have_v choose_v a_o very_a high_a ground_n to_o encamp_v in_o enclose_v with_o a_o troublesome_a marish_a and_o have_v convey_v all_o their_o stuff_n into_o wood_n that_o be_v far_o off_o of_o the_o which_o war_n there_o be_v many_o nobleman_n that_o be_v ringleader_n but_o the_o multitude_n obey_v corbeus_n chief_o because_o they_o understand_v that_o he_o hate_v most_o the_o name_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o that_o comius_n of_o arras_n be_v a_o few_o day_n before_o go_v to_o fetch_v aid_n of_o the_o german_n who_o be_v their_o next_o neighbour_n and_o swarm_v in_o multitude_n of_o people_n he_o learn_v moreover_o at_o their_o hand_n that_o the_o bellovaci_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o nobleman_n at_o the_o earnest_a instance_n of_o the_o commons_o be_v determine_v if_o caesar_n come_v as_o it_o be_v say_v he_o will_v but_o with_o three_o legion_n to_o offer_v he_o battle_n lest_o afterward_o to_o more_o disadvantage_n and_o hindrance_n they_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o encounter_v with_o his_o whole_a host_n and_o if_o he_o bring_v a_o great_a power_n with_o he_o then_o to_o keep_v themselves_o still_o in_o the_o same_o ground_n that_o they_o have_v choose_v and_o by_o ambush_n to_o keep_v the_o roman_n from_o forage_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n be_v scarce_o and_o also_o lie_v scatter_v and_o from_o corn_n and_o other_o victual_n and_o thing_n necessary_a for_o their_o army_n the_o which_o thing_n when_o caesar_n understand_v by_o the_o concur_v report_n of_o many_o consider_v how_o still_o of_o wisdom_n this_o project_n be_v and_o how_o far_o from_o the_o rashness_n that_o the_o barbarous_a people_n be_v wont_a to_o use_v he_o determine_v to_o make_v the_o best_a advantage_n of_o all_o thing_n to_o the_o intent_n his_o enemy_n disdain_v his_o small_a company_n shall_v make_v the_o more_o haste_n to_o come_v into_o the_o field_n for_o he_o have_v three_o old_a practise_v legion_n the_o seven_o eight_o and_o nine_o of_o singular_a valour_n and_o prowess_n and_o the_o eleven_o which_o be_v of_o choose_a young_a man_n of_o great_a hope_n and_o towardness_n which_o have_v at_o that_o time_n receive_v eight_o year_n wage_n be_v notwithstanding_o look_v upon_o as_o not_o comparable_a to_o the_o other_o three_o either_o for_o stand_v or_o for_o valour_n and_o courage_n wherefore_o summon_v a_o assembly_n and_o there_o declare_v all_o thing_n that_o have_v be_v report_v unto_o he_o he_o confirm_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o common_a soldier_n if_o peradventure_o with_o the_o number_n of_o three_o legion_n he_o may_v draw_v out_o his_o enemy_n to_o fight_v with_o he_o in_o the_o field_n he_o set_v his_o battle_n in_o this_o order_n the_o seven_o eight_o and_o nine_o legion_n go_v before_o the_o carriage_n and_o the_o eleven_o close_v in_o the_o rear_n thereof_o the_o which_o notwithstanding_o be_v but_o small_a as_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v in_o such_o expedition_n and_o this_o he_o do_v lest_o the_o enemy_n shall_v find_v a_o great_a number_n than_o they_o expect_v by_o this_o mean_n in_o a_o square_a battle_n almost_o he_o bring_v his_o host_n in_o sight_n of_o his_o enemy_n soon_o than_o they_o look_v for_o he_o when_o the_o gall_n behold_v these_o legion_n so_o sudden_o set_v in_o order_n march_v towards_o they_o apace_o as_o it_o have_v be_v in_o a_o pitch_a field_n whereas_o it_o be_v report_v to_o caesar_n that_o they_o intend_v to_o carry_v on_o their_o business_n with_o confident_a boldness_n whether_o it_o be_v for_o the_o peril_n of_o the_o encounter_n or_o the_o suddenness_n of_o our_o come_n or_o that_o they_o look_v to_o see_v what_o we_o intend_v to_o do_v they_o set_v themselves_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n before_o their_o camp_n and_o will_v not_o descend_v from_o the_o high_a ground_n albeit_o that_o caesar_n be_v
high_a a_o hill_n to_o climb_v up_o unto_o they_o and_o yet_o he_o think_v to_o come_v so_o near_o they_o with_o his_o host_n as_o that_o they_o may_v not_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v without_o danger_n our_o man_n be_v hard_o at_o hand_n ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o they_o therefore_o whereas_o he_o perceive_v that_o the_o troublesome_a marish_a part_a camp_n from_o camp_n the_o difficult_a passage_n whereof_o may_v hinder_v the_o speedy_a pursuit_n of_o our_o enemy_n and_o that_o the_o same_o ridge_n of_o the_o hill_n which_o go_v from_o the_o far_a side_n of_o the_o marish_a almost_o to_o the_o camp_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v part_v from_o their_o say_a camp_n with_o a_o small_a valley_n he_o make_v bridge_n over_o the_o marish_a and_o pass_v over_o his_o army_n get_v quick_o into_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o say_a ridge_n the_o which_o on_o two_o side_n be_v fortify_v with_o a_o steep_a descent_n there_o embattel_v his_o man_n he_o come_v to_o the_o far_a end_n of_o the_o ridge_n and_o order_v his_o battle_n in_o such_o a_o place_n from_o whence_o with_o a_o engine_n artillery_n may_v be_v shoot_v among_o the_o thick_a of_o the_o enemy_n the_o gall_n trust_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n when_o they_o will_v neither_o have_v refuse_v the_o encounter_n if_o perchance_o the_o roman_n shall_v have_v adventure_v up_o the_o hill_n against_o they_o nor_o yet_o dare_v by_o little_a and_o little_o diminish_v their_o battle_n by_o sever_n themselves_o lest_o when_o they_o have_v be_v out_o of_o array_n they_o may_v hap_v to_o have_v be_v set_v upon_o keep_v themselves_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n who_o wilfulness_n caesar_n perceive_v keep_v twenty_o cohort_n in_o a_o readiness_n and_o pitch_v his_o tent_n in_o the_o same_o place_n command_v his_o camp_n shall_v be_v fortify_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o work_n be_v finish_v he_o set_v his_o legion_n in_o array_n before_o the_o rampire_n and_o appoint_v the_o horseman_n to_o their_o stand_n with_o their_o horse_n ready_a bridle_v when_o the_o bellovaci_n see_v the_o roman_n in_o a_o readiness_n to_o pursue_v they_o and_o that_o themselves_o can_v not_o without_o peril_n either_o lodge_v that_o night_n or_o continue_v any_o long_o in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o they_o be_v they_o devise_v this_o shift_n to_o recover_v themselves_o in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v set_v together_o for_o it_o be_v declare_v in_o caesar_n former_a commentary_n how_o the_o gall_n be_v wont_a to_o sit_v down_o in_o the_o battle_n they_o receive_v from_o hand_n to_o hand_n one_o of_o another_o bundle_n of_o straw_n and_o faggot_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a store_n in_o their_o camp_n and_o cast_v it_o all_o on_o a_o heap_n before_o their_o battle_n and_o in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o day_n at_o a_o watchword_n that_o be_v give_v they_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n all_o at_o one_o instant_a by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o continual_a flame_n sudden_o take_v away_o the_o sight_n of_o all_o their_o army_n from_o the_o roman_n and_o therewithal_o the_o savage_a gall_n flee_v away_o as_o fast_o as_o their_o leg_n can_v bear_v they_o albeit_o that_o caesar_n can_v not_o perceive_v the_o depart_n of_o his_o enemy_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o flame_n that_o be_v betwixt_o they_o yet_o notwithstanding_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o suspect_v it_o to_o be_v a_o deceit_n practise_v by_o they_o that_o they_o may_v the_o safe_o fly_v away_o he_o march_v his_o footman_n forward_o and_o send_v his_o â—orsemen_n to_o pursue_v they_o howbeit_o for_o fear_n of_o treachery_n in_o the_o business_n lest_o perhaps_o his_o enemy_n shall_v abide_v still_o in_o the_o same_o place_n and_o only_o draw_v we_o forth_o into_o a_o ground_n of_o disadvantage_n he_o go_v the_o slow_a pace_n his_o horseman_n fear_v to_o venture_v into_o the_o smoke_n and_o thick_a flame_n and_o if_o any_o be_v so_o resolute_a as_o to_o enter_v it_o they_o can_v scarce_o see_v the_o forepart_n of_o their_o own_o horse_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v entrap_v give_v the_o bellovaci_n free_a liberty_n to_o recover_v themselves_o whither_o they_o will_v thus_o our_o enemy_n by_o their_o flight_n which_o be_v mix_v with_o fear_n and_o subtlety_n escape_v without_o any_o loss_n go_v but_o ten_o mile_n off_o and_o encamp_v themselves_o in_o a_o very_a advantageous_a ground_n from_o whence_o by_o lay_v ambush_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n in_o divers_a place_n they_o do_v the_o roman_n great_a displeasure_n as_o they_o go_v a_o forage_n after_o this_o have_v happen_v many_o and_o sundry_a time_n caesar_n learn_v of_o a_o captive_a that_o corbeus_n captain_n of_o the_o bellovaci_n have_v choose_v out_o of_o his_o whole_a host_n six_o thousand_o of_o the_o valiant_a footman_n and_o a_o thousand_o horseman_n which_o he_o have_v lay_v in_o ambush_n in_o the_o same_o place_n whether_o for_o the_o plenty_n of_o provision_n and_o corn_n that_o be_v there_o he_o judge_v the_o roman_n will_v send_v to_o forage_v this_o be_v know_v caesar_n bring_v forth_o more_o legion_n then_o usual_a and_o send_v his_o horseman_n before_o as_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v to_o safe-conduct_n his_o forager_n among_o they_o he_o mingle_v for_o their_o assistance_n many_o light-armed_n footman_n and_o himself_o with_o his_o legion_n follow_v as_o near_o as_o possible_o he_o may_v the_o enemy_n that_o be_v lay_v in_o ambush_n have_v choose_v a_o field_n for_o their_o purpose_n not_o above_o a_o mile_n over_o every_o way_n environ_v round_o about_o either_o with_o cumbersome_a wood_n or_o else_o a_o very_a deep_a river_n beset_v it_o with_o their_o ambushment_n as_o it_o have_v be_v with_o a_o toil_n our_o man_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v privy_a to_o the_o design_n of_o their_o enemy_n beforehand_o be_v ready_a both_o with_o heart_n and_o hand_n to_o fight_v see_v their_o legion_n follow_v hard_o after_o they_o will_v refuse_v no_o encounter_n but_o go_v rank_n by_o rank_n down_o into_o the_o say_a place_n at_o who_o come_v corbeus_n think_v a_o occasion_n of_o do_v some_o good_a to_o be_v fall_v into_o his_o hand_n first_o discover_v himself_o with_o a_o small_a number_n and_o give_v charge_n upon_o the_o next_o troop_n our_o man_n stout_o withstand_v the_o brunt_n &_o flock_v not_o many_o into_o one_o place_n at_o once_o which_o in_o skirmish_n of_o horse_n be_v wont_n common_o to_o happen_v through_o fear_n and_o their_o cluster_v together_o turn_v to_o their_o own_o loss_n they_o be_v thus_o engage_v in_o small_a party_n and_o have_v a_o care_n still_o that_o their_o fellow_n shall_v not_o be_v circumvent_v the_o rest_n break_v out_o of_o the_o wood_n while_o corbeus_n be_v fight_v then_o be_v the_o encounter_n hot_a and_o doubtful_a after_o it_o have_v continue_v indifferent_a a_o good_a space_n by_o little_a and_o little_o come_v their_o footman_n in_o array_n out_o of_o the_o wood_n which_o compel_v our_o horseman_n to_o give_v back_o but_o they_o be_v quick_o relieve_v again_o by_o the_o light-armed_n footman_n which_o as_o be_v say_v be_v send_v before_o our_o legion_n who_o be_v intermix_v among_o the_o horseman_n fight_v stout_o the_o encounter_n continue_v a_o good_a while_n doubtful_a but_o as_o the_o course_n of_o war_n require_v they_o that_o have_v withstand_v the_o first_o brunt_n of_o they_o that_o lie_v in_o ambush_n for_o they_o have_v thus_o much_o the_o advantage_n that_o they_o receive_v not_o unaware_o any_o foil_n at_o their_o hand_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n our_o legion_n draw_v near_o and_o divers_a messenger_n bring_v word_n both_o to_o our_o man_n and_o to_o our_o enemy_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o general_n be_v at_o hand_n with_o his_o army_n in_o battle_n array_n which_o thing_n be_v know_v our_o horseman_n trust_v to_o the_o help_n of_o the_o cohort_n lay_v about_o they_o very_o eager_o lest_o if_o they_o shall_v have_v delay_v the_o matter_n they_o may_v have_v give_v the_o footman_n part_v of_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o victory_n upon_o this_o our_o enemy_n heart_n begin_v to_o fail_v and_o they_o seek_v to_o fly_v by_o several_a way_n but_o all_o be_v in_o vain_a for_o by_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o same_o place_n in_o which_o they_o will_v have_v enclose_v the_o roman_n be_v they_o themselves_o take_v tardy_a and_o can_v not_o get_v out_o notwithstanding_o be_v vanquish_v and_o altogether_o out_o of_o heart_n when_o they_o have_v lose_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o company_n like_o man_n amaze_v they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o â—light_n and_o some_o make_v towards_o the_o wood_n other_o towards_o the_o river_n where_o be_v overtake_v by_o our_o man_n that_o follow_v eager_o after_o they_o they_o be_v all_o slay_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n corbeus_n who_o heart_n can_v by_o no_o
misfortune_n be_v daunt_v or_o overcome_v never_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o battle_n nor_o make_v towards_o the_o wood_n neither_o can_v by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o our_o man_n be_v persuade_v â—o_o yield_v himself_o but_o fight_v most_o valiant_o and_o hurt_v many_o of_o our_o man_n he_o so_o far_o exasperate_v the_o victor_n that_o they_o can_v not_o forbear_v to_o throw_v their_o dart_n at_o he_o and_o dispatch_v he_o chap._n v._n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o gall_n submit_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n comius_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v slay_v by_o treachery_n the_o matter_n be_v bring_v to_o this_o pass_n caesar_n pursue_v his_o newly-got_a victory_n forasmuch_o as_o he_o think_v that_o his_o enemy_n be_v discourage_v with_o so_o great_a a_o misfortune_n will_v immediate_o upon_o the_o news_n thereof_o forsake_v the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v encamp_v which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v not_o above_o eight_o mile_n from_o the_o place_n where_o the_o slaughter_n be_v make_v although_o he_o see_v it_o will_v be_v some_o trouble_n to_o he_o to_o pass_v the_o river_n yet_o pass_v he_o his_o army_n and_o march_v towards_o they_o but_o the_o bellovaci_n and_o the_o other_o state_n upon_o the_o return_n of_o a_o few_o of_o their_o man_n and_o those_o wound_v out_o of_o the_o chase_n which_o have_v escape_v the_o mischance_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o wood_n understand_v by_o they_o their_o own_o great_a misfortune_n and_o misery_n by_o the_o death_n of_o corbeus_n the_o loss_n of_o their_o horseman_n and_o the_o â—laughter_n of_o their_o stout_a footman_n and_o mistrust_v that_o the_o roman_n will_v out_o of_o hand_n come_v upon_o they_o immediate_o call_v a_o assembly_n by_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o trumpet_n and_o cry_v all_o with_o one_o voice_n to_o send_v ambassador_n and_o hostage_n to_o caesar_n when_o comius_n of_o arras_n perceive_v that_o this_o motion_n will_v be_v entertain_v he_o flee_v to_o those_o german_n of_o who_o he_o have_v borrow_a assistance_n to_o the_o war_n the_o rest_n send_v ambassador_n present_o unto_o caesar_n desire_v he_o to_o content_v himself_o with_o that_o punishment_n of_o his_o enemy_n which_o if_o he_o may_v have_v lay_v upon_o they_o without_o battle_n in_o their_o chief_a prosperity_n they_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o of_o his_o clemency_n and_o courtesy_n he_o will_v not_o have_v do_v it_o the_o bellovaci_n say_v that_o their_o power_n be_v weaken_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o horseman_n many_o thousand_o of_o their_o choice_a footman_n be_v cut_v off_o scarce_o any_o escape_n to_o bring_v tiding_n of_o the_o slaughter_n yet_o notwithstanding_o their_o great_a misfortune_n they_o have_v by_o that_o battle_n receive_v this_o happiness_n that_o corbeus_n the_o author_n of_o the_o war_n and_o raiser_n of_o the_o multitude_n be_v slay_v for_o as_o long_o as_o he_o be_v alive_a the_o senate_n can_v never_o bear_v so_o great_a sway_n in_o the_o city_n as_o the_o rude_a and_o unskilful_a commonalty_n as_o the_o ambassador_n be_v speak_v these_o thing_n caesar_n put_v they_o in_o mind_n that_o about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o last_o year_n the_o bellovaci_n and_o other_o state_n of_o gallia_n raise_v war_n and_o that_o they_o above_o all_o other_o stand_v most_o stiff_o in_o their_o opinion_n and_o will_v not_o be_v reduce_v to_o obedience_n by_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o rest_n he_o tell_v they_o he_o know_v and_o understand_v it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o lay_v the_o fault_n of_o their_o offence_n upon_o he_o that_o be_v dead_a but_o he_o be_v sure_a that_o there_o be_v no_o man_n of_o so_o great_a power_n that_o against_o the_o nobleman_n will_n the_o senate_n resist_v he_o and_o all_o good_a man_n withstand_v he_o can_v with_o a_o weak_a handful_n of_o the_o commonalty_n raise_v a_o war_n and_o go_v through_o with_o it_o nevertheless_o he_o be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o punishment_n which_o they_o have_v bring_v upon_o themselves_o the_o night_n follow_v the_o ambassador_n return_v this_o answer_n to_o those_o that_o send_v they_o and_o forthwith_o they_o give_v hostage_n then_o also_o the_o ambassador_n of_o other_o state_n which_o wait_v to_o see_v what_o success_n the_o bellovaci_n will_v have_v come_v to_o caesar_n give_v hostage_n and_o perform_v his_o command_n only_a comius_n stand_v off_o who_o dare_v not_o for_o fear_n trust_v his_o life_n into_o any_o man_n hand_n for_o the_o year_n before_o titus_n labâ—enus_n perceive_v how_o while_n caesar_n be_v minister_a justice_n in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n comius_n stir_v up_o the_o state_n and_o make_v confederacy_n against_o caesar_n think_v he_o may_v without_o be_v account_v a_o faithâ—breaker_n revenge_v his_o treacherous_a carriage_n and_o thereupon_o because_o be_v think_v he_o will_v not_o at_o his_o send_v for_o come_v into_o the_o camp_n lest_o he_o shall_v by_o such_o a_o message_n make_v he_o more_o cautious_a he_o send_v c._n volusenus_n quadratus_n to_o murder_v he_o under_o pretence_n of_o commune_v with_o he_o and_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o matter_n he_o send_v with_o he_o certain_a select_a centurion_n for_o the_o purpose_n when_o they_o come_v to_o conference_n and_o that_o volusenus_n as_o it_o be_v agree_v upon_o have_v catch_v comius_n by_o the_o right_a hand_n one_o of_o the_o centurion_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v move_v at_o the_o strangeness_n of_o the_o matter_n give_v comius_n a_o shrewd_a blow_n on_o the_o head_n with_o his_o sword_n howbeit_o he_o can_v not_o dispatch_v he_o because_o his_o friend_n step_v in_o and_o save_v he_o by_o and_o by_o be_v draw_v of_o sword_n on_o both_o side_n and_o yet_o none_o of_o both_o party_n be_v mind_v to_o fight_v but_o to_o fly_v away_o our_o man_n because_o they_o believe_v that_o comius_n have_v have_v his_o death_n wound_n the_o gall_n because_o perceive_v the_o treachery_n they_o fear_v there_o have_v be_v more_o behind_o than_o they_o see_v upon_o which_o business_n it_o be_v report_v that_o comius_n vow_v he_o will_v never_o come_v in_o the_o fight_n of_o any_o roman_a chap._n vi_o caesar_n dispose_v his_o force_n into_o several_a part_n of_o gallia_n and_o himself_o waste_v the_o country_n of_o ambiorix_n when_o caesar_n have_v subdue_v the_o nation_n that_o be_v most_o warlike_a perceive_v there_o be_v now_o no_o city_n that_o prepare_v war_n to_o stand_v against_o he_o but_o that_o many_o to_o eschew_v the_o present_a yoke_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n leave_v their_o town_n and_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o field_n he_o determine_v to_o send_v his_o army_n abroad_o into_o divers_a quarter_n m._n aâ—tonius_n the_o quaestor_n with_o the_o eleven_o legion_n he_o take_v to_o himself_o c._n fabius_n the_o legate_n with_o twenty_o five_o cohort_n he_o send_v into_o the_o far_a part_n of_o all_o gallia_n because_o he_o hear_v say_v that_o certain_a state_n be_v there_o in_o arm_n and_o that_o he_o think_v c._n caninius_n rebâ—lus_n the_o legate_n have_v not_o a_o sufficient_a strength_n of_o those_o two_o legion_n that_o be_v with_o he_o already_o t._n labienus_n he_o call_v unto_o he_o from_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v and_o the_o twelve_o legion_n which_o winter_v under_o he_o he_o send_v into_o gallia_n togatu_fw-la to_o defend_v the_o town_n that_o the_o roman_n have_v there_o people_v with_o their_o own_o citizen_n lest_o any_o such_o harm_n shall_v happen_v to_o they_o by_o invasion_n of_o the_o barbarous_a people_n as_o have_v happen_v the_o summer_n before_o to_o the_o tergestini_fw-la who_o be_v surprise_v and_o spoil_v of_o their_o good_n by_o their_o sudden_a invasion_n he_o himself_o set_v forward_o to_o waste_v and_o spoil_v the_o border_n of_o ambiâ—rix_n who_o fly_v before_o he_o for_o fear_v from_o place_n to_o place_n when_o he_o see_v there_o be_v no_o hope_n to_o get_v he_o into_o his_o hand_n he_o think_v it_o be_v most_o for_o his_o honour_n so_o to_o despoil_v his_o country_n of_o people_n building_n and_o cattle_n that_o his_o countryman_n may_v so_o hate_v he_o if_o fortune_n reserve_v any_o countryman_n for_o he_o that_o for_o the_o calamity_n he_o have_v bring_v upon_o his_o country_n he_o may_v never_o have_v access_n thither_o again_o after_o he_o have_v send_v abroad_o his_o host_n into_o all_o part_n of_o ambiorâ—x_n his_o country_n and_o waste_v all_o place_n with_o slaughter_n buâ—ning_n and_o rapiâ—e_n have_v slay_v and_o take_v prisoner_n a_o great_a number_n of_o man_n he_o send_v labienus_n with_o two_o legion_n among_o the_o trâ—viri_n who_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o nearness_n thereof_o unto_o germany_n being_n daily_a enure_v to_o the_o war_n be_v not_o much_o unlike_a to_o the_o german_n in_o rudeness_n and_o savageness_n of_o life_n neither_o do_v they_o obey_v the_o commandment_n of_o caesar_n at_o any_o time_n long_o than_o we_o have_v a_o army_n in_o their_o country_n
to_o compel_v they_o chap._n vii_o a_o new_a waâ—_n raise_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o pictones_n c._n fabius_n put_v to_o flight_v the_o force_n of_o dumnacus_n subdue_v the_o carnutes_n and_o areâ—orici_n in_o the_o mean_a season_n c._n caninius_n the_o legate_n understand_v by_o the_o messenger_n and_o letter_n of_o duracius_n who_o have_v continue_v always_o firm_a to_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o enemy_n be_v assemble_v in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o pictones_n forasmuch_o as_o a_o part_n of_o that_o city_n have_v renounce_v their_o obedience_n go_v to_o the_o town_n of_o lemovicum_fw-la when_o he_o come_v near_o the_o town_n and_o understand_v by_o his_o prisoner_n â—ow_o that_o dumnacus_n captain_n of_o the_o andes_n with_o many_o thousand_o of_o man_n have_v enclose_v duracius_n and_o that_o lemovicum_fw-la be_v besiege_v he_o dare_v not_o with_o his_o weak_a legion_n adventure_v upon_o his_o enemy_n but_o pitch_v his_o camp_n in_o a_o advantageous_a ground_n dumnacus_n hear_v of_o the_o approach_n of_o caninius_n turn_v all_o his_o power_n against_o the_o roman_a legion_n determine_v to_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o their_o camp_n after_o he_o have_v spend_v many_o day_n in_o the_o assault_n and_o have_v lose_v many_o of_o his_o man_n and_o yet_o can_v not_o break_v down_o any_o part_n of_o their_o fortification_n he_o return_v again_o to_o besiege_v leâ—ovicum_n at_o the_o same_o time_n c._n fabius_n receive_v many_o city_n by_o composition_n and_o assure_v they_o with_o hostage_n and_o be_v advertise_v by_o caninius_n letter_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v do_v among_o the_o pictones_n upon_o the_o knowledge_n whereof_o he_o set_v forth_o to_o rescue_n duracius_n but_o dumnacus_n understand_v of_o fabius_n come_v forasmuch_o as_o he_o think_v he_o shall_v hazard_v the_o lose_v all_o if_o at_o once_o he_o shall_v be_v compel_v both_o to_o abide_v the_o roman_n his_o enemy_n without_o and_o also_o to_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o and_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o the_o town_n retire_a sudden_o with_o all_o his_o force_n from_o the_o place_n and_o can_v not_o think_v himself_o to_o be_v sufficient_o in_o safety_n before_o he_o have_v pass_v his_o army_n over_o the_o river_n loire_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v pass_v by_o a_o bridge_n and_o not_o otherwise_o although_o fabius_n be_v not_o yet_o come_v within_o fight_n of_o his_o enemy_n not_o have_v join_v with_o caninius_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v thorough_o inform_v by_o such_o as_o know_v the_o coast_n of_o the_o country_n he_o suspect_v that_o his_o enemy_n will_v take_v that_o way_n which_o they_o do_v therefore_o he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o the_o say_a bridge_n where_o his_o enemy_n have_v pass_v and_o command_v his_o horseman_n to_o go_v no_o far_o before_o the_o footman_n then_o that_o they_o may_v upon_o occasion_n reâ—iâ—e_n into_o the_o same_o camp_n without_o tire_v their_o horse_n our_o horse_n aâ—_n be_v command_v they_o overtake_v the_o host_n of_o dumnacus_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o assault_v they_o fly_v and_o amaze_v as_o they_o march_v with_o their_o luggage_n at_o their_o back_n slay_v a_o great_a number_n and_o take_v a_o great_a prey_n and_o so_o with_o good_a success_n retire_v into_o their_o camp_n the_o night_n follow_v fabius_n send_v his_o horseman_n before_o so_o provide_v that_o they_o may_v encounter_v the_o enemy_n and_o stay_v all_o the_o whole_a army_n until_o he_o shall_v overtake_v they_o q._n atius_n varus_n the_o commander_n of_o the_o horse_n a_o man_n of_o sinlar_a courage_n and_o wisdom_n have_v encourage_v his_o man_n and_o overtake_v the_o body_n of_o his_o enemy_n dispose_v certain_a of_o his_o troop_n in_o place_n convenient_a and_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o horseman_n give_v charge_n upon_o his_o enemy_n the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o enemy_n fight_v so_o much_o the_o more_o bold_o because_o their_o foot_n be_v ready_a to_o assist_v they_o who_o be_v mingle_v through_o the_o whole_a army_n as_o often_o as_o occasion_n be_v do_v succour_v they_o against_o our_o man_n the_o encounter_n be_v very_o sharp_a for_o our_o man_n despise_v they_o who_o they_o have_v vanquish_v the_o day_n before_o and_o remember_v that_o the_o legion_n follow_v at_o their_o heel_n ashamed_a to_o give_v ground_n and_o desirous_a to_o get_v the_o day_n before_o their_o come_n fight_v very_o valiant_o against_o the_o footman_n on_o the_o other_o side_n our_o enemy_n believe_v that_o no_o great_a force_n of_o we_o be_v behind_o according_a as_o they_o have_v see_v the_o day_n before_o think_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n offer_v they_o to_o destroy_v our_o cavalry_n utter_o when_o they_o have_v fight_v a_o good_a while_n very_o eager_o dumnacus_n make_v a_o battle_n to_o relieve_v his_o cavalry_n when_o occasion_n shall_v be_v but_o on_o the_o sudden_a our_o enemy_n espy_v our_o legion_n come_v up_o close_o together_o at_o the_o sight_n of_o who_o their_o horse_n be_v strike_v into_o such_o a_o fear_n and_o the_o foot_n so_o amaze_v that_o break_v through_o their_o carriage_n with_o great_a clamour_n and_o confusion_n they_o betake_v themselves_o every_o where_o to_o flight_n then_o our_o cavalry_n who_o a_o little_a before_o have_v their_o hand_n full_a be_v hearten_v with_o joy_n of_o the_o victory_n raise_v a_o great_a shout_n on_o all_o side_n and_o cast_v themselves_o among_o they_o as_o they_o flee_v make_v slaughter_n of_o they_o as_o far_o as_o their_o horse_n breath_n will_v serve_v to_o pursue_v they_o and_o their_o arm_n be_v able_a to_o strike_v they_o insomuch_o that_o have_v slay_v above_o twelve_o thousand_o man_n arm_v and_o such_o as_o for_o fear_n have_v cast_v away_o their_o arm_n they_o take_v all_o their_o carriage_n none_o escape_v out_o of_o the_o which_o chase_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v certain_o know_v that_o drape_v the_o senon_n be_v escape_v who_o when_o gallia_n first_o begin_v to_o rebel_v gather_v to_o he_o man_n of_o desperate_a fortune_n out_o of_o all_o place_n set_v bondman_n at_o liberty_n entertain_v outlaw_n of_o all_o country_n and_o receive_v highway_n thief_n have_v cut_v off_o the_o carriage_n and_o victual_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v go_v towards_o the_o province_n with_o five_o thousand_o man_n at_o the_o most_o which_o he_o have_v rally_v after_o the_o chase_n and_o that_o luterius_fw-la of_o cahors_n join_v himself_o with_o he_o who_o in_o the_o former_a commentary_n be_v say_v to_o have_v attempt_v a_o invasion_n of_o the_o province_n at_o the_o first_o insurrection_n of_o gallia_n caninius_n the_o legate_n with_o two_o legion_n pursue_v after_o they_o lest_o some_o great_a dishonour_n may_v be_v receive_v by_o those_o loose_a fellow_n terrify_v and_o harrase_v the_o province_n c._n fabius_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n go_v against_o the_o carnutes_n and_o the_o other_o state_n who_o power_n he_o know_v to_o be_v crush_v in_o the_o battle_n that_o be_v fight_v against_o dumnacus_n for_o he_o doubt_v not_o but_o he_o shall_v find_v they_o more_o tractable_a to_o deal_v with_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o late_a overthrow_n whereas_o if_o he_o shall_v give_v they_o time_n of_o respite_n by_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o say_v dumnacus_n they_o may_v be_v raise_v again_o fabius_n with_o marvellous_a good_a luck_n and_o speed_n bring_v those_o state_n to_o submission_n for_o the_o carnutes_n who_o have_v be_v oftentimes_o before_o ill-handled_n by_o we_o yet_o will_v never_o listen_v to_o peace_n now_o give_v hostage_n and_o come_v into_o subjection_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o state_n situate_v in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o gallia_n border_v upon_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v call_v armoricae_n follow_v the_o example_n of_o the_o carnutes_n at_o the_o come_n of_o fabius_n with_o his_o legion_n among_o they_o perform_v his_o commandment_n without_o delay_n dumnacus_n thus_o drive_v out_o of_o his_o own_o country_n wander_v and_o lurk_v in_o corner_n alone_o be_v compel_v to_o betake_v himself_o to_o the_o uttermost_a country_n of_o all_o gallia_n chap._n viii_o drape_n and_o luterius_fw-la seize_v upon_o vxellodunum_n caninius_n pursue_v they_o overthrow_v their_o force_n take_v drape_n prisoner_n and_o with_o fabius_n besiege_v vxellodunum_n but_o drape_n and_o luterius_fw-la when_o they_o understand_v that_o caninius_n approach_v with_o his_o army_n perceive_v they_o can_v not_o without_o manifest_a peril_n enter_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o province_n consider_v how_o the_o army_n pursue_v they_o nor_o yet_o range_v abroad_o on_o thieve_v at_o their_o pleasure_n stay_v together_o in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o cadurci_n there_o luterius_fw-la who_o in_o time_n past_a while_o he_o be_v in_o prosperity_n be_v able_a to_o sway_v great_o with_o his_o countryman_n and_o have_v get_v great_a estimation_n
chief_a of_o they_o alive_a into_o his_o hand_n among_o who_o be_v surus_n the_o heduan_n a_o man_n of_o great_a valour_n and_o noble_a birth_n who_o alone_o of_o the_o heduan_o have_v unto_o that_o day_n continue_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n caesar_n know_v thereof_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o see_v his_o affair_n go_v well_o forward_o in_o all_o part_n of_o gallia_n weigh_v with_o himself_o how_o all_o celtica_n and_o belgica_n be_v the_o former_a summer_n conquer_v and_o subdue_v and_o that_o he_o have_v never_o all_o this_o while_n visit_v aquitania_n only_o he_o have_v make_v a_o kind_n of_o entrance_n into_o it_o by_o certain_a victory_n get_v by_o p._n crassus_n he_o march_v thither_o with_o two_o legion_n with_o intent_n to_o bestow_v the_o late_a part_n of_o the_o summer_n there_o which_o thing_n as_o he_o have_v do_v all_o other_o before_n he_o dispatch_v quick_o and_o lucky_o for_o all_o the_o state_n of_o aquitania_n send_v ambassador_n unto_o he_o and_o give_v he_o hostage_n after_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o these_o thing_n he_o go_v to_o narbone_n with_o his_o guard_n of_o horseman_n and_o send_v his_o foot_n into_o their_o wintering-place_n by_o his_o legate_n four_o legion_n he_o place_v in_o belgium_n under_o m._n antonius_n c._n trebonius_n p._n vatinius_n and_o q._n tullius_n legates_n two_o he_o quarter_v among_o the_o heduan_o who_o he_o know_v to_o be_v of_o great_a authority_n in_o all_o gallia_n two_o more_o he_o place_v among_o the_o treviri_n in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o carnutes_n to_o be_v a_o stay_n to_o all_o the_o country_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o sea-coast_n the_o other_o two_o he_o place_v in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o lemovici_n not_o far_o from_o the_o arverni_n that_o so_o there_o may_v not_o be_v any_o part_n of_o gallia_n without_o a_o army_n after_o he_o have_v tarry_v a_o few_o day_n in_o the_o province_n and_o there_o speedy_o take_v cognizance_n of_o all_o their_o court_n sit_v upon_o public_a controversy_n and_o reward_v such_o as_o have_v deserve_v well_o for_o he_o have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o understand_v how_o every_o man_n have_v carry_v himself_o towards_o the_o commonweal_n during_o the_o general_a rebellion_n of_o all_o gallia_n which_o he_o have_v bear_v out_o through_o the_o faithfulness_n &_o assistance_n of_o the_o say_a province_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v dispatch_v these_o thing_n he_o return_v to_o his_o legion_n into_o belgium_n and_o winter_v at_o nemetocenna_n chap._n xi_o comius_n of_o arras_n overthrow_v in_o a_o battle_n of_o hrose_n by_o c._n volusenus_n submit_v to_o m._n antonius_n and_o receive_v pardon_n while_o he_o be_v there_o he_o understand_v that_o comius_n of_o arras_n have_v encounter_v with_o his_o cavalry_n for_o antonius_n be_v come_v into_o his_o winter-quarter_n and_o the_o city_n of_o arras_n concontinue_v firm_o loyal_a comius_n who_o after_o his_o wound_n that_o we_o speak_v of_o before_o be_v wont_n still_o to_o be_v ready_a at_o hand_n to_o his_o countryman_n at_o every_o stir_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o if_o they_o will_v begin_v any_o new_a rise_n they_o shall_v not_o want_v a_o head_n and_o a_o captain_n for_o the_o war_n as_o long_o as_o the_o city_n continue_v obedient_a to_o the_o roman_n he_o with_o his_o horseman_n maintain_v himself_o and_o his_o follower_n by_o thieve_v for_o lay_v the_o way_n he_o cut_v off_o many_o convoy_n that_o be_v go_v with_o provision_n to_o the_o roman_a garrison_n c._n volusenus_n quadratus_n the_o general_a of_o the_o horse_n be_v appoint_v to_o winter_n in_o the_o same_o place_n with_o antonius_n he_o do_v antonius_n send_v to_o pursue_v the_o horse_n of_o his_o enemy_n volusenus_n beside_o the_o singular_a valour_n that_o be_v in_o he_o do_v also_o bear_v a_o great_a hatred_n towards_o comius_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n be_v the_o more_o willing_a to_o execute_v the_o thing_n that_o be_v command_v he_o wherefore_o place_v divers_a ambush_n he_o oftentimes_o set_v upon_o comius_n horseman_n and_o put_v they_o to_o the_o worse_o at_o last_o when_o the_o contention_n grow_v more_o vehement_a and_o that_o volusenus_n desirous_a to_o cut_v off_o comius_n himself_o follow_v he_o somewhat_o more_o eager_o with_o a_o small_a party_n and_o comius_n on_o the_o other_o side_n flee_v the_o fast_a away_o thereby_o to_o draw_v he_o far_o from_o his_o company_n at_o length_n espy_v his_o advantage_n comius_n sudden_o cry_v out_o to_o all_o his_o man_n that_o as_o they_o be_v true_a unto_o he_o they_o shall_v stand_v to_o he_o and_o not_o suffer_v the_o wound_n that_o be_v give_v he_o base_o under_o colour_n of_o friendship_n to_o be_v unrevenged_a and_o therewithal_o turn_v his_o horse_n he_o run_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o company_n upon_o volusenus_n all_o his_o horse_n follow_v and_o because_o there_o be_v but_o a_o few_o of_o our_o man_n they_o make_v they_o retreat_n and_o pursue_v they_o comius_n put_v spur_n to_o his_o horse_n encounter_v the_o horse_n of_o quadratus_n &_o with_o his_o spear_n thrust_v volusenus_n by_o great_a violence_n through_o the_o thigh_n when_o our_o horse_n see_v that_o their_o captain_n be_v wound_v they_o bestir_v themselves_o and_o turn_v again_o upon_o the_o enemy_n put_v they_o back_o many_o of_o the_o enemy_n by_o the_o violent_a charge_n of_o our_o man_n be_v beat_v off_o and_o wound_v of_o who_o some_o be_v overthrow_v in_o the_o chase_n and_o some_o be_v take_v prisoner_n as_o comius_n escape_v any_o far_a mishap_n by_o the_o swiftness_n of_o his_o horse_n so_o our_o general_n be_v by_o he_o in_o this_o battle_n sore_o wound_v be_v carry_v into_o the_o camp_n in_o such_o a_o case_n that_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a he_o shall_v have_v live_v and_o comius_n whether_o it_o be_v that_o he_o think_v himself_o sufficient_o revenge_v or_o because_o he_o have_v lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o man_n send_v messenger_n to_o antonius_n give_v hostage_n and_o assure_v he_o that_o he_o will_v continue_v where_o it_o shall_v please_v he_o to_o appoint_v and_o do_v whatsoever_o he_o shall_v command_v he_o only_o one_o request_n he_o make_v wherein_o he_o beseech_v he_o to_o bear_v with_o his_o fearfulness_n that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v force_v to_o come_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o any_o roman_a which_o request_n antonius_n judge_v to_o proceed_v out_o of_o a_o real_a fear_n and_o not_o without_o good_a cause_n he_o pardon_v he_o according_a to_o his_o desire_n and_o receive_v his_o hostage_n chap._n xii_o while_o caesar_n be_v busy_a in_o quiet_v and_o order_v â—hings_n in_o gallia_n and_o visit_v some_o municipal_a town_n in_o italy_n his_o enemy_n conspire_v against_o he_o at_o rome_n during_o the_o time_n that_o caesar_n winter_v â—in_a belgium_n his_o chief_a purpose_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o state_n in_o amity_n and_o to_o take_v away_o all_o hope_n and_o occasion_n of_o war_n for_o he_o intend_v nothing_o less_o than_o the_o carriage_n of_o his_o business_n so_o as_o he_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o have_v war_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o departure_n lest_o when_o he_o shall_v withdraw_v his_o army_n he_o shall_v leave_v any_o trouble_n behind_o which_o all_o gallia_n can_v willing_o engage_v in_o so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v without_o present_a danger_n and_o therefore_o by_o entreat_v the_o city_n honourable_o by_o reward_v the_o nobleman_n high_o by_o burden_v the_o country_n with_o no_o new_a imposition_n he_o easy_o keep_v all_o gallia_n which_o now_o be_v tire_v out_o with_o so_o many_o unfortunate_a battle_n in_o quiet_a and_o obedience_n winter_n be_v over_o caesar_z contrary_a to_o his_o custom_n haste_v into_o italy_n with_o as_o much_o expedition_n as_o may_v be_v to_o treat_v with_o the_o municipal_a town_n and_o colony_n and_o to_o commend_v unto_o they_o the_o suit_n of_o his_o quaestor_n m._n antonius_n for_o the_o priesthood_n for_o he_o make_v all_o the_o friend_n for_o he_o he_o can_v both_o because_o the_o same_o antonius_n be_v his_o very_a dear_a friend_n who_o he_o have_v send_v before_o to_o sue_v for_o that_o promotion_n as_o also_o to_o oppose_v the_o faction_n and_o unreasonable_a proceed_n of_o a_o few_o man_n who_o by_o put_v antonius_n beside_o his_o purpose_n seek_v to_o disparage_v caesar_n now_o go_v out_o of_o his_o command_n albeit_o he_o have_v tiding_n by_o the_o way_n before_o he_o come_v near_o italy_n that_o antony_n be_v make_v augur_n yet_o he_o think_v he_o have_v as_o good_a reason_n as_o before_o to_o visit_v the_o municipal_a town_n and_o colony_n both_o to_o give_v they_o thanks_o for_o appear_v in_o the_o business_n and_o for_o their_o civility_n show_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o antony_n as_o also_o to_o commend_v unto_o they_o his_o own_o case_n touch_v the_o honour_n which_o he_o purpose_v to_o sue_v for_o
the_o next_o year_n and_o that_o the_o rather_o because_o his_o adversary_n proud_o make_v their_o brag_n that_o l._n lentulus_n and_o c._n marcellus_n be_v create_v consul_n to_o deprive_v caesar_n of_o all_o honour_n and_o authority_n and_o that_o the_o consulship_n be_v wrest_v from_o sergius_n galba_n though_o he_o have_v more_o voice_n on_o his_o side_n because_o he_o be_v a_o familiar_a friend_n of_o caesar_n and_o have_v be_v engage_v unto_o he_o as_o his_o legate_n caesar_n at_o his_o come_n among_o the_o municipal_a town_n be_v entertain_v with_o extraordinary_a affection_n and_o respect_n that_o be_v his_o first_o come_v from_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n nothing_o be_v omit_v that_o can_v be_v devise_v for_o the_o deck_v and_o adorn_v of_o their_o gate_n way_n and_o place_n where_o caesar_n shall_v pass_v all_o the_o people_n come_v forth_o with_o their_o child_n to_o meet_v he_o by_o the_o way_n sacrifice_n be_v every_o where_o offer_v the_o temple_n and_o market-place_n be_v hang_v with_o clothes_n of_o tapestry_n so_o that_o a_o man_n will_v have_v think_v by_o the_o expression_n of_o joy_n there_o have_v be_v some_o great_a triumph_n expect_v and_o provide_v for_o so_o great_a costlinesse_n be_v among_o the_o rich_a sort_n and_o such_o hearty_a expression_n among_o the_o mean_a sort_n when_o caesar_n have_v light_o pass_v through_o all_o the_o country_n of_o gallia_n togata_fw-la he_o return_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o his_o army_n at_o nemetocenna_n and_o call_v all_o his_o legion_n out_o of_o their_o winter-quarter_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o treviri_n he_o go_v thither_o and_o there_o muster_v they_o t._n labienus_n he_o make_v governor_n of_o gallia_n togata_fw-la thereby_o to_o get_v himself_o the_o more_o favour_n and_o furtherance_n in_o his_o suit_n for_o the_o consulship_n he_o himself_o remove_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o according_a as_o he_o find_v it_o necessary_a for_o health_n and_o albeit_o he_o hear_v oftentimes_o that_o labienus_n be_v solicit_v strong_o by_o his_o enemy_n and_o be_v also_o advertise_v how_o it_o be_v carry_v on_o by_o a_o small_a faction_n at_o rome_n to_o take_v away_o part_n of_o his_o army_n from_o he_o by_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o neither_o give_v credit_n to_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v report_v of_o labienus_n nor_o will_v be_v draw_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o senate_n for_o he_o believe_v that_o if_o the_o senator_n may_v give_v their_o voice_n free_o he_o shall_v easy_o obtain_v his_o purpose_n for_o c._n curio_n tribune_n of_o the_o people_n who_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o defence_n of_o caesar_n cause_n and_o dignity_n have_v oftentimes_o propound_v to_o the_o senate_n that_o if_o the_o fear_n of_o caesar_n army_n prejudice_v any_o man_n and_o see_v that_o the_o authority_n and_o power_n of_o pompey_n do_v not_o a_o little_a keep_v the_o court_n in_o awe_n that_o both_o of_o they_o may_v lay_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o dismiss_v their_o army_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o city_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o use_v she_o own_o right_a as_o she_o please_v this_o he_o not_o only_o propound_v but_o begin_v to_o divide_v the_o senate_n about_o it_o which_o the_o consul_n and_o the_o friend_n of_o pompey_n command_v shall_v not_o be_v do_v and_o so_o rule_v the_o matter_n as_o they_o list_v they_o depart_v this_o be_v a_o great_a testimony_n of_o the_o whole_a senate_n and_o agreeable_a to_o their_o former_a act_n for_o marcellus_n the_o year_n before_o oppose_v caesar_n dignity_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o pompey_n and_o crassus_n and_o have_v put_v up_o a_o bill_n to_o the_o senate_n for_o the_o discharge_n of_o caesar_n before_o the_o time_n of_o his_o commission_n be_v expire_v when_o they_o have_v give_v their_o voice_n marcellus_n who_o seek_v all_o his_o honour_n by_o work_a spite_n against_o caesar_n depart_v aside_o and_o the_o senate_n fall_v all_o of_o they_o quite_o upon_o other_o matter_n this_o do_v not_o at_o all_o daunt_v the_o spirit_n of_o caesar_n enemy_n but_o rather_o stir_v they_o up_o to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n and_o thereby_o to_o compel_v the_o senate_n to_o approve_v of_o that_o which_o they_o have_v determine_v hereupon_o a_o decree_n be_v make_v that_o cneius_n pompeius_n shall_v send_v one_o legion_n and_o caesar_n another_o to_o the_o war_n against_o the_o parthian_n but_o it_o be_v easy_o discern_v that_o both_o these_o legion_n be_v take_v from_o caesar_n for_o the_o first_o legion_n which_o cneius_n pompeius_n have_v send_v unto_o caesar_n levy_v in_o the_o province_n he_o give_v unto_o caesar_n as_o one_o of_o his_o own_o number_n nevertheless_o albeit_o that_o no_o man_n need_v doubt_v but_o that_o caesar_n be_v spoil_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o his_o enemy_n yet_o he_o send_v pompey_n his_o legion_n again_o and_o of_o his_o own_o force_n he_o order_v the_o fifteen_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v in_o the_o hither_o gallia_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o according_a to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o the_o room_n whereof_o he_o send_v the_o thirteen_o legion_n into_o italy_n to_o lie_v in_o garrison_n in_o the_o same_o place_n from_o whence_o the_o fifteen_o be_v draw_v then_o he_o distribute_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n c._n trebonius_n with_o four_o legion_n he_o place_v in_o belgium_n c._n fabius_n with_o as_o many_o among_o the_o hedui_n for_o this_o he_o think_v will_v be_v the_o best_a way_n to_o keep_v gallia_n in_o most_o safety_n and_o quiet_a if_o the_o belgae_n who_o be_v the_o most_o valorous_a and_o the_o hedui_n who_o be_v of_o most_o authority_n have_v force_n quarter_v among_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n this_o do_v he_o take_v his_o journey_n into_o italy_n when_o he_o come_v thither_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o two_o legion_n which_o he_o have_v dismiss_v which_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n shall_v have_v be_v employ_v in_o the_o parthian_a war_n be_v by_o c._n marcellus_n the_o consul_n deliver_v to_o pompey_n and_o keep_v still_o in_o italy_n although_o by_o this_o deal_n it_o be_v evident_a to_o all_o the_o world_n what_o be_v intend_v against_o caesar_n yet_o caesar_n determine_v to_o take_v all_o thing_n patient_o as_o long_o as_o he_o have_v any_o hope_n leave_v to_o decide_v the_o controversy_n rather_o by_o the_o law_n then_o by_o the_o sword_n observation_n upon_o the_o eight_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n in_o gallia_n some_o attribute_n the_o so_o frequent_a revolt_n of_o the_o gall_n to_o their_o changeable_a and_o impatient_a humour_n which_o can_v endure_v to_o be_v lord_v over_o by_o stranger_n and_o other_o to_o the_o too_o great_a clemency_n of_o caesar_n i_o grant_v that_o clemency_n apt_a to_o pardon_n embolden_v to_o revolt_v for_o that_o we_o easy_o forget_v all_o benefit_n which_o do_v not_o entire_o establish_v our_o liberty_n but_o if_o cruelty_n cause_v they_o less_o 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thus_o command_v at_o sometime_o to_o turn_v his_o face_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n or_o about_o the_o battallion_n stand_v in_o order_n hand_n that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o distance_n before_o name_v so_o the_o whole_a battallion_n be_v reduce_v into_o their_o close_a order_n be_v command_v to_o turn_v as_o one_o body_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n scutum_fw-la it_o be_v perform_v thus_o imagine_v the_o battallion_n stand_v first_o in_o order_n it_o shall_v be_v command_v that_o they_o close_v their_o file_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n when_o the_o right_a file_n stand_v still_o the_o rest_n turn_v their_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n march_v into_o their_o close_a order_n and_o return_v as_o they_o be_v next_o that_o they_o close_v their_o rank_n from_o behind_o when_o every_o follower_n march_v forward_o to_o his_o leader_n unto_o his_o rapier_n point_v as_o be_v say_v before_o this_o do_v the_o leader_n of_o the_o right_a file_n stand_v immovable_a all_o 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enemy_n his_o battallion_n or_o to_o prevent_v lest_o we_o ourselves_o be_v include_v the_o term_n to_o both_o be_v double_v your_o file_n or_o rank_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n and_o when_o you_o will_v have_v they_o return_v again_o into_o their_o proper_a place_n it_o be_v command_v as_o you_o be_v the_o ordinary_a direction_n which_o be_v especial_o give_v in_o these_o martial_a exercise_n be_v first_o that_o no_o man_n in_o the_o time_n of_o exercise_v or_o marshal_n shall_v be_v loud_o than_o his_o officer_n keep_v but_o every_o one_o attend_v to_o his_o place_n when_o he_o be_v command_v shall_v diligent_o hearken_v to_o such_o direction_n as_o shall_v be_v give_v the_o captain_n in_o the_o front_n shall_v speak_v and_o the_o sergeant_n in_o each_o flank_n shall_v give_v the_o word_n unto_o the_o lieutenant_n or_o ensign_n
answer_n to_o the_o three_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n imperator_n 3._o annâ—l_n phil._n 14._o lib._n 2_o epist_n 9_o caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n lib._n 15._o â—aâ—_n cicero_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n lib._n â—_o plin._n lib._n 10_o caesar_n caesar_n tacit._n 12._o annal._n caesar_n caesar_n either_o cambray_n amienâ—_n or_o s._n quintin_n caesar_n caesar_n lib._n 9_o annal._n â—_o 〈◊〉_d câ—â—sar_n lib._n 20_o caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n caesar_n cambray_n caesar_n brittany_n franckfort_n caesar_n polyb._n lib._n 6._o thirteen_o pound_n sterling_a or_o thereabouts_o horace_n reinforcing_a of_o troop_n decay_v caesar_n caesar_n part_v of_o the_o diocese_n of_o colen_n colen_n to_o arm_v arm_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d exemplary_a justice_n upon_o extraordinary_a service_n the_o soldier_n extraordinary_o reward_v lib._n 1._o civil_a bell_n caesar_n the_o benefit_n and_o use_n of_o â—ouncelâ—_n and_o parliament_n the_o french_a be_v better_a horseman_n than_o footman_n not_o to_o misspend_v the_o time_n in_o unnecessary_a service_n caesar_n caesar_n opinion_n of_o ally_n and_o associate_n chap._n 10._o caesar_n com._n 3._o cap._n 8._o the_o duty_n of_o a_o general_n 〈◊〉_d battle_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 6._o battle_n of_o newport_n in_o the_o life_n of_o caesar_n the_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o a_o shoâ—t_o take_v up_o in_o a_o charge_n or_o assault_v lib._n 1._o lib._n 2._o lib._n 3._o civil_a lib._n 1._o lib._n 3._o cap._n 18._o in_o marius_n life_n caesar_n bridges_n brancatio_fw-la lib._n 5._o whether_o man_n wit_n be_v sharp_a and_o ready_a thâ—n_n in_o former_a time_n polyhymi_n herodot_n hist_o â—_o caesar_n faction_n and_o party_n lib._n 2._o caesar_n potestas_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la &_o necis_fw-la england_n druid_n england_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o curious_a and_o artificial_a work_n oxford_n &_o cambridge_n caesar_n the_o begin_n of_o the_o day_n diverse_o observe_v plutarch_n caesar_n their_o 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detrimenti_fw-la capiat_fw-la gallia_n cisalpina_n &_o transâ—lpina_n caesar_n caesar_n orleans_n the_o 〈◊〉_d hooboub_v caesar_n there_o aught_o to_o be_v a_o proportion_n of_o quality_n between_o a_o commander_n and_o his_o soldier_n muâ—â—_n mariani_n such_o a_o master_n such_o a_o servant_n liâ—ie_n caesar_n to_o abuse_v a_o enemy_n by_o way_n of_o stratagem_n commendable_a in_o a_o commander_n commander_n aveugle_n aveugle_n la_fw-fr montagne_fw-fr de_fw-fr geneve_n vitâ—_n caesaris_fw-la plut._n crassus_n caesar_n clermont_n in_o auvergne_n caesar_n go_v always_o provide_v of_o four_o thing_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o 〈◊〉_d comment_fw-fr 3._o comment_fw-fr â—_o caesar_n the_o mean_n which_o the_o roman_n use_v to_o weaken_v a_o enemy_n caesar_n caesar_n ville_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d en_fw-fr la_fw-fr franche_fw-mi conte_z conte_z orâ—â—â—ns_n orâ—â—â—ns_n noyon_n it_o be_v a_o hard_a 〈…〉_z follow_v a_o business_n to_o hit_v that_o course_n which_o may_v most_o advantage_n it_o lib._n 4._o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o fabius_n servus_n a_o 〈◊〉_d polit._n 1_o iliâ—d_n 10._o caesar_n patience_n in_o a_o soldier_n excel_v valour_n liv._o lib._n 6._o plut._n crassus_n boteras_fw-la di_fw-it principe_fw-la caesar_n the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n do_v countervail_v the_o absence_n of_o the_o general_n caesar_n horace_n whether_o severity_n oâ—_n clemency_n do_v more_o avail_v in_o govern_v a_o multitude_n caesar_n the_o use_n and_o practice_n of_o ancient_a time_n in_o besiege_v and_o defend_v town_n the_o manner_n of_o fortification_n in_o use_n in_o these_o day_n fortification_n define_v circular_a fort_n triangular_a fort_n quadrangle_n fort_n five-sided_n and_o six-sided_n fortress_n fort_n in_o a_o plain_a level_n advantage_n disadvantage_n fort_n upon_o a_o hill_n advantage_n disadvantage_n the_o hand_n of_o all_o fort_n caesar_n whether_o there_o need_v not_o as_o many_o man_n to_o defend_v a_o town_n as_o to_o besiege_v it_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o town_n consist_v in_o four_o point_n the_o eye_n of_o the_o master_n feed_v the_o horse_n caesar_n the_o gall_n in_o the_o beginning_n be_v more_o than_o man_n and_o in_o the_o end_n less_o than_o woman_n a_o general_n must_v not_o put_v necessity_n upon_o a_o enemy_n revolter_n be_v in_o the_o condition_n both_o of_o a_o enemy_n and_o of_o a_o offendor_n caesar_n a_o great_a commander_n must_v have_v a_o great_a courage_n homo_fw-la quadratus_fw-la plutarch_n paulus_n aemilia_n plutarch_n it_o be_v dangerous_a to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o a_o counsel_n in_o a_o state_n holinshead_n ut_fw-la felicitas_fw-la rerum_fw-la gestarum_fw-la exercitus_fw-la benevolentiam_fw-la imperatoribus_fw-la ita_fw-la res_fw-la adversae_fw-la odia_fw-la conciliant_fw-la lib._n 3._o bell_n civ_o caesar_n archery_n archery_n thing_n considerable_a touch_v archery_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o fiften_v the_o english_a bowman_n do_v common_o shoot_v a_o arrow_n of_o a_o yard_n long_o beside_o the_o head_n it_o be_v not_o so_o profitable_a to_o intermingle_v bowman_n with_o other_o sort_n of_o weapon_n as_o to_o put_v they_o all_o into_o one_o body_n body_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o cressie_n the_o black_a prince_n lead_v the_o vauward_n have_v the_o archer_n stand_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o hearse_n holinshed_a the_o archery_n work_v two_o effect_n 1._o gall_v the_o enemy_n plut._n crassus_n 2._o disorder_n the_o battle_n of_o cressie_n the_o battle_n of_o agincourt_n harquebuse_v and_o musket_n how_o far_o a_o wing_n of_o shot_n prevail_v how_o far_o a_o sleeve_n of_o archer_n be_v available_a against_o a_o enemy_n genesis_n 27._o 3._o caesar_n non_fw-la minor_fw-la est_fw-la virtus_fw-la quam_fw-la quaeâ—â—re_fw-la pâ—â—ta_fw-la tuerk_n caesar_n the_o mean_n which_o caesar_n use_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n elaver_n demptis_fw-la quartis_fw-la quibusque_fw-la cohortibus_fw-la caesar_n gratia_n oneri_fw-la ultio_fw-la in_o quaestu_fw-la habetur_fw-la seneca_n a_o multitude_n be_v easy_o abuse_v by_o false_a suggestion_n phaedo_fw-la platonis_fw-la caesar_n evocati_fw-la who_o they_o be_v caesar_n over_o ill_a act_n beget_v another_o the_o poor_a sort_n of_o people_n do_v embrace_v all_o mean_n of_o innovation_n sallust_n in_o the_o conspiracy_n of_o catiline_n caesar_n it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o begin_v a_o work_n then_o to_o quit_v it_o again_o with_o râ—edit_n livy_n some_o service_n be_v res_fw-la occasionis_fw-la non_fw-la praelii_fw-la caesar_n it_o be_v honourable_a for_o soldier_n to_o keep_v their_o direction_n institution_n of_o cyrus_n â—â—â—sar_n caesar_n reparation_n of_o honour_n what_o it_o be_v plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o marcellus_n lib._n 3._o bell_n civil_a post_fw-la pugnaâ—_n dyrrachianam_fw-la caesar_n neque_fw-la satis_fw-la militibus_fw-la perterritis_fw-la confidebat_fw-la spatiumque_fw-la interponendum_fw-la ad_fw-la recrcandos_fw-mi animos_fw-la putabat_fw-la caesar_n the_o change_n which_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o hedui_n make_v in_o gallia_n caesar_n he_o that_o will_v do_v thing_n well_o must_v vary_v with_o the_o time_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o fabius_n caesar_n necessary_a for_o a_o general_n to_o understand_v the_o purpose_n of_o the_o enem_n holinshetd_a henry_n 〈◊〉_d the_o fit_a age_n of_o life_n for_o a_o general_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o sectorius_n hist_o 3._o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o marius_n caesar_n three_o chief_a mean_n to_o win_v man_n to_o favour_v a_o matter_n 1._o favour_n or_o friendship_n 2._o authority_n 3._o money_n caesar_n whether_o the_o cavalry_n or_o infantry_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n and_o use_n in_o a_o war_n footman_n fit_a â—o_o more_o service_n than_o horseman_n the_o main_a stroke_n in_o a_o day_n of_o battle_n be_v give_v by_o the_o footman_n the_o use_n of_o horseman_n the_o dictator_n forbid_v the_o use_n of_o a_o horse_n in_o the_o war_n and_o why_o caesar_n one_o event_n be_v not_o so_o certain_a for_o the_o approve_v of_o a_o cause_n as_o when_o it_o be_v second_v with_o another_o of_o like_a condition_n caesar_n justus_n lipsius_n mistake_v 〈◊〉_d lib._n 2._o dial._n 2._o caesar_n what_o number_n of_o man_n be_v a_o competent_a proportion_n for_o any_o service_n plutarch_n in_o the_o
little_a battalion_n consider_v they_o as_o they_o stand_v in_o battle_n ray_n make_v as_o great_a a_o front_n or_o great_a then_o that_o of_o the_o phalanx_n keep_v a_o depth_n answerable_a to_o the_o same_o beside_o the_o second_o and_o three_o battle_n which_o always_o be_v to_o succour_v they_o which_o the_o phalanx_n want_v neither_o will_v their_o thick_a and_o close_o imbattel_v admit_v any_o such_o succour_n behind_o they_o now_o if_o we_o compare_v the_o advantage_n and_o discommodity_n which_o by_o place_n and_o accident_n be_v incident_a to_o either_o of_o these_o we_o shall_v find_v great_a odds_o between_o they_o these_o great_a squadron_n be_v not_o feasible_a but_o in_o plain_a and_o open_a place_n where_o they_o may_v either_o stand_v immovable_a or_o make_v easy_a and_o slow_a motion_n without_o shake_v or_o disorder_v their_o body_n but_o the_o lesser_a be_v a_o scantling_n for_o all_o place_n champain_n or_o woody_a level_v or_o uneven_a or_o of_o what_o site_n or_o quality_n soever_o and_o to_o conclude_v if_o two_o or_o three_o rank_n of_o these_o great_a battalion_n chance_v to_o be_v break_v and_o disorder_v the_o whole_a body_n be_v as_o much_o interest_v in_o the_o disorder_n as_o the_o say_a rank_n be_v and_o have_v less_o mean_n to_o rally_v itself_o then_o any_o other_o lesser_a company_n but_o if_o any_o violence_n chance_n to_o rout_n a_o maniple_n it_o proceed_v no_o further_o in_o the_o army_n then_o that_o part_n which_o it_o take_v neithe_n can_v the_o disrank_n of_o any_o one_o part_n betray_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o army_n to_o disorder_n and_o confusion_n forasmuch_o as_o their_o distinction_n serve_v to_o cut_v off_o such_o inconvenience_n and_o yet_o no_o way_n hinder_v the_o general_a unite_n of_o their_o strength_n into_o one_o body_n more_o may_v be_v say_v concern_v this_o matter_n but_o i_o only_a point_n at_o it_o and_o leave_v the_o due_a consideration_n thereof_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o our_o commander_n and_o return_v to_o our_o history_n chap._n iu._n the_o belgae_n attempt_v the_o surprise_n of_o bibrax_n reâ—ell_n caesar_n send_v succour_v unto_o it_o there_o be_v a_o town_n call_v bibrax_n belong_v to_o the_o state_n of_o rheims_n about_o eight_o mile_n from_o caesar_n camp_n which_o the_o belgae_n think_v to_o have_v surprise_v as_o they_o come_v along_o to_o meet_v with_o caesar_n and_o sudden_o assault_v it_o with_o such_o fury_n that_o the_o townsman_n can_v hardly_o hold_v out_o the_o first_o day_n the_o celtae_n and_o belgae_n use_v one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n in_o assault_v a_o town_n for_o have_v beset_v the_o whole_a compass_n of_o the_o wall_n with_o rank_n of_o soldier_n they_o never_o cease_v fling_v of_o stone_n until_o they_o find_v the_o wall_n naked_a of_o defendant_n and_o then_o cast_v themselves_o into_o a_o testudo_fw-la they_o approach_v to_o the_o gate_n and_o undermine_v the_o wall_n which_o thing_n be_v easy_o effect_v here_o for_o so_o great_a be_v the_o number_n of_o they_o that_o throw_v stone_n and_o dart_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o defendant_n to_o abide_v upon_o the_o wall_n assoon_o as_o the_o night_n have_v make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o assault_n iccius_n of_o rheims_n a_o man_n of_o great_a birth_n and_o authority_n in_o his_o country_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v governor_n of_o the_o town_n and_o have_v be_v before_o with_o caesar_n to_o treat_v and_o conclude_v a_o peace_n send_v he_o word_n by_o messenger_n that_o if_o there_o come_v not_o present_a succour_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o any_o long_o the_o same_o night_n about_o midnight_n use_v the_o same_o messenger_n for_o guide_n he_o send_v both_o numidian_a and_o cretian_a archer_n &_o slinger_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o baleares_n to_o relieve_v the_o town_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o townsman_n be_v put_v in_o good_a hope_n to_o make_v their_o party_n strong_a and_o the_o enemy_n make_v hopeless_a of_o win_v the_o town_n and_o therefore_o after_o a_o small_a stay_n have_v depopulate_v their_o field_n and_o burn_v their_o village_n and_o out-building_n they_o march_v with_o all_o their_o power_n towards_o caesar_n camp_n and_o within_o less_o than_o two_o mile_n of_o the_o army_n they_o encamp_v their_o whole_a host_n which_o as_o be_v gather_v by_o the_o smoke_n and_o fire_n take_v up_o more_o ground_n than_o eight_o mile_n in_o breadth_n the_o first_o observation_n in_o the_o description_n of_o their_o assault_n we_o be_v to_o observe_v two_o circumstance_n the_o first_o be_v the_o manner_n they_o use_v in_o a_o sudden_a surprise_n the_o second_o be_v surprise_n the_o form_n and_o quality_n of_o a_o testudo_fw-la although_o caesar_n seem_v to_o attribute_v this_o manner_n of_o assault_v a_o town_n as_o peculiar_a to_o the_o gall_n yet_o we_o may_v not_o think_v but_o that_o the_o roman_n use_v it_o as_o often_o as_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o surprise_v any_o city_n but_o because_o the_o gall_n know_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o take_v a_o town_n but_o this_o therefore_o he_o set_v it_o down_o as_o peculiar_a unto_o they_o the_o roman_n call_v this_o manner_n of_o assault_n corona_n and_o so_o we_o read_v oftentimes_o this_o phrase_n cingere_fw-la urbem_fw-la corona_fw-la forasmuch_o as_o the_o soldier_n enclose_v the_o town_n with_o a_o circle_n and_o so_o resemble_v a_o crown_n or_o garland_n ammianus_n speak_v of_o a_o triple_a crown_n of_o soldier_n which_o encompass_v a_o town_n and_o josephus_n tell_v of_o jotapata_n which_o the_o roman_n besiege_v duplici_fw-la peditum_fw-la corona_fw-la with_o a_o double_a circle_n of_o footman_n and_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v a_o three_o circle_n of_o horseman_n outmost_a of_o all_o there_o be_v no_o further_a matter_n to_o be_v observe_v but_o this_o that_o in_o surprise_v a_o town_n they_o encircle_v it_o round_o about_o with_o thick_a continue_a rank_n of_o man_n and_o where_o they_o find_v the_o wall_n weak_a there_o they_o enter_v as_o they_o can_v the_o second_o observation_n the_o testudo_fw-la require_v a_o large_a discourse_n and_o be_v lively_o describe_v in_o livy_n after_o this_o manner_n describe_v in_o the_o amphitheatre_n 44._o where_o the_o people_n do_v often_o assemble_v to_o see_v strange_a sight_n and_o public_a show_n be_v bring_v in_o say_v he_o sixty_o lusty_a young_a man_n who_o after_o some_o motion_n and_o seemly_a march_n cast_v themselves_o into_o a_o square_a troup_n and_o roof_v their_o head_n close_o with_o their_o target_n the_o first_o rank_n which_o make_v the_o front_n of_o the_o testudo_fw-la stand_v up_o right_a on_o their_o foot_n the_o second_o rank_n bow_v itself_o somewhat_o low_a the_o three_o and_o four_o rank_n do_v more_o incline_v themselves_o and_o so_o consequent_o unto_o the_o last_o rank_n which_o kneel_v on_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o they_o make_v a_o body_n resemble_v half_o the_o side_n of_o a_o house_n which_o they_o call_v testudo_fw-la unto_o this_o squadron_n so_o strong_o combine_v together_o come_v two_o soldier_n run_v some_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o foot_n off_o and_o threaten_v each_o other_o with_o their_o weapon_n run_v nimble_o up_o the_o side_n of_o the_o roof_n and_o sometime_o make_v as_o though_o they_o will_v defend_v it_o against_o a_o enemy_n that_o will_v have_v enter_v upon_o it_o sometime_o again_o encounter_v each_o other_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o leap_v up_o and_o down_o as_o steady_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v upon_o firm_a ground_n and_o which_o be_v more_o strange_a the_o front_n of_o a_o testudo_fw-la be_v apply_v to_o the_o side_n of_o a_o wall_n there_o ascend_v many_o arm_a man_n upon_o the_o say_v testudo_fw-la and_o fight_v in_o a_o equal_a height_n with_o other_o soldier_n that_o stand_v upon_o the_o say_a wall_n to_o defend_v it_o the_o dissimilitude_n in_o the_o composition_n be_v this_o that_o the_o soldier_n that_o be_v in_o front_n and_o in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o square_n carry_v not_o their_o target_n over_o their_o head_n as_o the_o other_o do_v but_o cover_v their_o body_n with_o they_o and_o so_o no_o weapon_n either_o cast_v from_o the_o wall_n or_o otherwise_o throw_v against_o it_o can_v any_o way_n hurt_v they_o and_o whatsoever_o weight_n fall_v upon_o the_o testudo_fw-la it_o quick_o glide_v down_o by_o the_o declivity_n of_o the_o roof_n without_o any_o hurt_n or_o annoyance_n at_o all_o thus_o far_o livy_n go_v neither_o do_v i_o know_v what_o to_o say_v further_o of_o it_o the_o chief_a use_n thereof_o be_v in_o a_o surprise_n or_o sudden_a attempt_n against_o a_o town_n before_o the_o townsman_n be_v thorough_o prepare_v to_o defend_v the_o same_o this_o invention_n serve_v they_o to_o approach_v the_o wall_n with_o safety_n and_o so_o either_o to_o undermine_v it_o or_o to_o climb_v up_o and_o to_o that_o end_n they_o oftentimes_o erect_v one_o testudo_fw-la
a_o town_n lie_v in_o his_o way_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o bituriges_n call_v noviodunum_n which_o they_o of_o the_o town_n perceive_v send_v out_o unto_o he_o to_o beseech_v he_o to_o spare_v they_o and_o to_o give_v order_n for_o their_o safety_n to_o the_o end_n therefore_o that_o he_o may_v speed_v thaâ—_n business_n with_o as_o much_o celerity_n as_o he_o have_v accomplish_v former_a service_n he_o command_v they_o to_o bring_v out_o their_o arm_n their_o horse_n and_o to_o deliver_v pledge_n part_v of_o the_o hostage_n be_v give_v while_o the_o rest_n be_v in_o deliver_v over_o divers_a centurion_n and_o a_o few_o soldier_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o town_n to_o seek_v out_o their_o weapon_n and_o their_o horse_n the_o horseman_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o march_v before_o vercingetorix_n army_n be_v discover_v a_o far_o off_o which_o the_o townsman_n have_v no_o soon_o perceive_v and_o thereby_o conceive_v some_o hope_n of_o relief_n but_o they_o present_o take_v up_o a_o shout_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o arm_n shut_v the_o gate_n and_o begin_v to_o make_v good_a the_o wall_n the_o centurion_n that_o be_v in_o the_o town_n perceive_v some_o new_a resolution_n of_o the_o gall_n with_o their_o sword_n draw_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o gate_n and_o save_v both_o themselves_o and_o their_o man_n that_o be_v in_o the_o town_n caesar_n command_v the_o horseman_n to_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o to_o begin_v the_o charge_n and_o as_o they_o begin_v to_o give_v ground_n he_o send_v four_o hundred_o german_a horseman_n to_o second_v they_o who_o he_o have_v resolve_v to_o keep_v with_o he_o from_o the_o first_o who_o charge_v the_o enemy_n with_o such_o fury_n that_o the_o gall_n can_v no_o way_n endure_v the_o assault_n but_o be_v present_o put_v to_o flight_n and_o many_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v the_o rest_n retire_v back_o to_o the_o army_n upon_o their_o overthrow_n the_o townsman_n be_v worse_o affright_v than_o they_o be_v before_o and_o have_v apprehend_v such_o as_o be_v think_v to_o have_v stir_v up_o the_o people_n they_o bring_v they_o to_o caesar_n and_o yield_v themselves_o unto_o he_o which_o be_v end_v caesar_n march_v towards_o the_o town_n of_o avaricum_n which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o best_a fortify_v of_o all_o the_o town_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o bituriges_n and_o situate_v in_o the_o most_o fertile_a part_n of_o the_o country_n for_o that_o be_v take_v in_o he_o doubt_v not_o to_o bring_v the_o whole_a state_n of_o the_o bituriges_n easy_o into_o his_o subjection_n observation_n forasmuch_o as_o nothing_o be_v more_o changeable_a than_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n which_o notwithstanding_o the_o low_a degree_n of_o baseness_n wherein_o it_o often_o sit_v will_v as_o occasion_n give_v way_n to_o revenge_n ready_o amount_v to_o the_o height_n of_o tyranny_n and_o spare_v no_o labour_n to_o cry_v quittance_n with_o a_o enemy_n it_o have_v be_v think_v expedient_a in_o the_o wisdom_n of_o forego_v age_n to_o pluck_v the_o wing_n of_o so_o mount_v a_o bird_n and_o to_o deprive_v a_o enemy_n of_o such_o mean_n as_o may_v give_v hope_n of_o liberty_n by_o mutiny_n and_o revolt_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o take_v in_o any_o town_n enemy_n be_v to_o leave_v they_o forceless_a that_o howsoever_o they_o may_v stand_v affect_v their_o nail_n shall_v be_v sure_o pay_v for_o scratch_v and_o their_o power_n confine_v to_o the_o circuit_n of_o their_o mind_n for_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o this_o and_o many_o other_o place_n of_o caesar_n no_o rendry_n of_o any_o town_n be_v accept_v until_o they_o have_v deliver_v all_o their_o arm_n both_o offensive_a and_o defensive_a with_o such_o engine_n and_o instrument_n of_o war_n as_o may_v any_o way_n make_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o same_o neither_o that_o only_a but_o such_o beast_n also_o whether_o horse_n or_o elephant_n or_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o as_o may_v any_o way_n advantage_n the_o use_n of_o those_o weapon_n which_o as_o it_o be_v a_o great_a dismay_n and_o weaken_n to_o the_o enemy_n so_o be_v it_o short_a of_o the_o three_o condition_n command_v the_o delivery_n of_o so_o many_o hostage_n or_o pledge_n as_o be_v think_v convenient_a be_v the_o prime_n of_o their_o youth_n and_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o manhood_n and_o be_v as_o the_o marrow_n to_o their_o bone_n and_o the_o sinew_n to_o that_o body_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o remnant_n be_v much_o disable_v in_o strength_n concern_v their_o number_n of_o fight_a man_n and_o such_o as_o be_v leave_v have_v neither_o arm_n nor_o mean_n to_o make_v resistance_n the_o turk_n observe_v the_o same_o course_n with_o the_o christian_n but_o in_o a_o more_o cruel_a and_o barbarous_a manner_n for_o he_o come_v due_o at_o a_o certain_a time_n not_o regard_v any_o former_a demeanour_n and_o lead_v away_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o youth_n to_o be_v invest_v in_o impiety_n and_o infidelity_n and_o to_o be_v make_v vassal_n of_o heathenish_a impurity_n oftentimes_o we_o read_v that_o a_o conquer_a people_n be_v not_o only_o interdict_v arm_n but_o the_o matter_n also_o and_o the_o art_n whereby_o such_o arm_n be_v make_v and_o wrought_v for_o where_o the_o people_n be_v great_a and_o mettle_n and_o matter_n plenty_n it_o be_v a_o chance_n if_o artificer_n be_v want_v to_o repair_v their_o loss_n and_o to_o refurnish_v their_o armoury_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o carthage_n the_o roman_n have_v take_v away_o their_o arm_n they_o notwithstanding_o find_v store_n of_o mettle_n within_o the_o town_n cause_v workman_n to_o make_v every_o day_n a_o hundred_o target_n and_o three_o hundred_o sword_n beside_o arrow_n and_o cast_a sling_n use_v woman_n hair_n for_o want_v of_o hemp_n and_o pull_v down_o their_o house_n for_o timber_n to_o build_v ship_v whereby_o we_o may_v perceive_v that_o a_o general_n can_v be_v too_o careful_a to_o deprive_v a_o enemy_n of_o all_o such_o help_n as_o may_v any_o way_n strengthen_v his_o hand_n or_o make_v way_n to_o resistance_n chap._n vii_o vercingetorix_n persuade_v the_o gall_n to_o a_o new_a course_n of_o war_n vercingetorix_n have_v receive_v so_o many_o loss_n one_o in_o the_o neck_n of_o another_o caesar_n conte_z vellaunodunum_n orâ—â—â—ns_n genabum_n &_o noyon_n noviodunum_n be_v take_v he_o call_v his_o man_n to_o council_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o war_n must_v be_v carry_v in_o another_o course_n than_o it_o have_v be_v heretofore_o for_o they_o must_v endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o keep_v the_o roman_n from_o forage_n and_o convoy_n of_o victual_n which_o will_v easy_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v forasmuch_o as_o they_o themselves_o do_v abound_v in_o horseman_n and_o for_o that_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n do_v not_o yet_o serve_v to_o get_v forage_n in_o the_o field_n the_o enemy_n must_v necessary_o seek_v it_o in_o house_n and_o barn_n whereby_o the_o forager_n will_v daily_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o their_o horseman_n moreover_o for_o their_o safety_n and_o defence_n they_o be_v to_o neglect_v their_o private_a commodity_n their_o house_n and_o their_o village_n be_v to_o be_v burn_v up_o round_o about_o as_o far_o as_o boia_n wheresoever_o the_o roman_n may_v go_v to_o fetch_v their_o forage_n for_o themselves_o they_o think_v it_o reason_n that_o they_o shall_v make_v supply_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n in_o who_o possession_n they_o be_v and_o for_o who_o they_o fight_v by_o this_o mean_v the_o rom._n will_v never_o be_v able_a to_o endure_v that_o want_n as_o will_v befall_v they_o or_o at_o the_o least_o be_v constrain_v to_o fetch_v their_o provision_n far_o off_o with_o great_a danger_n and_o peril_n to_o themselves_o neither_o do_v it_o make_v any_o matter_n whether_o they_o kill_v they_o or_o put_v they_o beside_o their_o carriage_n for_o without_o necessary_a supply_n they_o be_v never_o able_a to_o hold_v war_n and_o to_o conclude_v such_o town_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n as_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o situation_n be_v not_o safe_a from_o danger_n lest_o they_o shall_v prove_v receptacle_n to_o linger_v and_o detract_v the_o war_n and_o serve_v the_o roman_n for_o booty_n and_o supply_n of_o provision_n and_o albeit_o these_o thing_n may_v seem_v heavy_a and_o bitter_a yet_o they_o ought_v to_o esteem_v it_o more_o grievous_a to_o have_v their_o wife_n and_o their_o child_n lead_v away_o into_o servitude_n and_o themselves_o to_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o sword_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o do_v necessary_o fall_v upon_o a_o conquer_a people_n this_o opinion_n be_v general_o approve_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o man_n and_o more_o than_o twenty_o city_n of_o the_o bituriges_n be_v burn_v in_o one_o day_n the_o like_a be_v do_v in_o other_o state_n
of_o his_o successful_a design_n have_v be_v found_v thereupon_o there_o be_v great_a advantage_n in_o the_o attempt_v they_o for_o that_o he_o which_o assâ—ileth_v have_v more_o courage_n than_o he_o which_o be_v assail_v and_o always_o believe_v the_o assailant_n to_o be_v the_o strong_a not_o know_v what_o part_n he_o will_v assail_v and_o ever_o jealous_a that_o he_o have_v some_o secret_a intelligence_n brief_o all_o that_o a_o well-exercised_n and_o well-disciplined_n army_n be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o such_o a_o case_n be_v to_o defend_v itself_o but_o where_o be_v new-levied_n soldier_n fall_v out_o great_a disorder_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n he_o take_v so_o much_o care_n to_o fortify_v his_o camp_n very_o strong_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v defend_v it_o and_o all_o his_o baggage_n with_o a_o few_o man_n and_o may_v without_o danger_n execute_v many_o brave_a design_n be_v always_o assure_v of_o his_o retreat_n let_v we_o far_o take_v view_n of_o the_o siege_n of_o uxellodunum_n which_o caesar_n judge_v to_o be_v impregnable_a by_o â—orce_n and_o know_v it_o to_o be_v well_o provide_v of_o corn_n undertake_v by_o a_o great_a &_o dangerous_a labour_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o water_n which_o be_v from_o a_o fountain_n without_o the_o town_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v only_o supply_v which_o the_o besiege_a perceive_v have_v set_v fire_n on_o caesar_n work_n by_o a_o sally_n they_o hinder_v he_o from_o quench_v it_o caesar_n not_o be_v able_a to_o repulse_v they_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n resolve_v to_o make_v a_o assault_n upon_o the_o town_n which_o apprehension_n cause_v they_o to_o retreat_n the_o manner_n of_o our_o modern_a train_n or_o tactick_a practice_n by_o clement_n edmond_n remembrancer_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n forasmuch_o as_o my_o purpose_n be_v to_o make_v this_o task_n of_o observation_n as_o a_o parallel_n to_o our_o modern_a discipline_n i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o mingle_v the_o tactick_a practice_n of_o these_o time_n with_o the_o use_n of_o forego_v age_n but_o rather_o to_o shut_v up_o these_o discourse_n therewith_o as_o the_o second_o line_n of_o this_o warlike_a parallel_n which_o be_v thus_o draw_v in_o the_o best_a fashion_n of_o modern_a art_n in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o marshal_v a_o army_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o especial_o to_o be_v regard_v then_o that_o from_o a_o confuse_a company_n of_o man_n have_v choose_v the_o fit_a for_o the_o war_n we_o shall_v so_o place_v and_o digest_v a_o convenient_a number_n of_o they_o that_o in_o march_n in_o encamp_v in_o battle_n we_o may_v be_v able_a with_o a_o few_o well_o order_v to_o encounter_v a_o far_o great_a army_n in_o confusion_n and_o to_o overthrow_v they_o from_o hence_o aeneas_n do_v define_v the_o art_n of_o war_n to_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o warlike_a motion_n before_o this_o unexpert_a army_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v move_v in_o such_o fashion_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o acquaint_v it_o with_o the_o most_o usual_a term_n wherewith_o they_o shall_v be_v often_o command_v into_o diverse_a posture_n as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v for_o as_o in_o the_o art_n of_o fence_v no_o man_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o turn_v and_o wind_v his_o body_n for_o his_o best_a advantage_n to_o offend_v his_o enemy_n or_o defend_v himself_o unless_o first_o his_o master_n shall_v instruct_v he_o in_o the_o several_a part_n and_o posture_n thereof_o so_o every_o soldier_n or_o the_o whole_a troup_n as_o one_o body_n or_o one_o soldier_n shall_v never_o be_v ready_o instruct_v to_o transform_v or_o turn_v itself_o by_o divers_a motion_n into_o different_a form_n unless_o they_o first_o understand_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o front_n and_o flank_n by_o file_n and_o rank_n what_o by_o leader_n and_o follower_n by_o middleman_n and_o bringer_n up_o by_o this_o mean_v each_o soldier_n understanding_n what_o the_o term_n do_v signify_v shall_v ready_o both_o apprehend_v and_o execute_v such_o commandment_n as_o the_o captain_n or_o officer_n shall_v direct_v he_o a_o file_n be_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o man_n follow_v single_o one_o leader_n unto_o the_o depth_n of_o 8_o or_o 10_o file_n as_o they_o shall_v be_v command_v the_o ancient_n have_v call_v this_o file_n seriem_fw-la ordinationem_fw-la or_o decuriam_fw-la it_o consist_v of_o leader_n and_o follower_n place_v according_a to_o their_o worth_n and_o valour_n and_o especial_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v regard_v the_o leader_n or_o decurio_fw-la the_o five_o six_o or_o middleman_n and_o the_o ten_o and_o last_o call_v the_o bringer_n up_z or_o tergiductor_n first_o therefore_o every_o soldier_n be_v apt_o fit_v unto_o his_o several_a arm_n according_a to_o his_o worth_n leader_n age_n and_o stature_n they_o be_v to_o be_v dispose_v into_o several_a file_n wherein_o every_o one_o be_v especial_o to_o acknowledge_v his_o leader_n or_o foremost_a man_n to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o his_o motion_n &_o therefore_o due_o attend_v what_o direction_n shall_v be_v command_v each_o follower_n shall_v according_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o his_o leader_n or_o foremost_a man_n order_z his_o own_o and_o be_v to_o be_v excuse_v if_o he_o attend_v the_o motion_n of_o his_o leader_n before_o he_o move_v himself_o when_o many_o file_n be_v thus_o dispose_v together_o all_o the_o leader_n make_v one_o and_o the_o same_o front_n and_o their_o follower_n observe_v likewise_o one_o and_o the_o same_o proportion_n of_o distance_n before_o and_o after_o and_o on_o each_o side_n these_o file_n thus_o join_v make_v one_o battallion_n battallion_n the_o front_n whereof_o be_v call_v a_o rank_n and_o so_o likewise_o the_o second_o and_o three_o in_o depth_n front_n according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o man_n in_o each_o file_n the_o first_o second_o and_o three_o sideman_n and_o so_o forward_o in_o each_o file_n be_v call_v sideman_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o same_o number_n in_o the_o next_o file_n neither_o must_v every_o soldier_n only_o regard_v the_o motion_n of_o his_o leader_n but_o he_o must_v also_o diligent_o respect_v his_o sideman_n and_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v place_v on_o his_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n call_v his_o rank_n so_o that_o both_o in_o file_n and_o rank_n he_o may_v always_o be_v find_v in_o the_o same_o distance_n wherein_o he_o be_v command_v it_o shall_v be_v impertinent_a to_o the_o purpose_n to_o prescribe_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o soldier_n unto_o these_o battallion_n unâ—â—rtain_a only_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o proportion_n that_o it_o ought_v never_o to_o exceed_v so_o much_o but_o that_o it_o may_v easy_o upon_o any_o occasion_n be_v change_v into_o such_o a_o form_n or_o fashion_n to_o fight_v as_o may_v be_v think_v fit_a for_o the_o present_a the_o length_n of_o this_o battallion_n be_v diverse_o term_v among_o the_o latin_n length_n as_o frons_fw-la facâ—â—s_fw-la adstructio_fw-la jugum_n etc._n etc._n but_o in_o our_o modern_a practice_n most_o familiar_o the_o front_n or_o rank_n the_o breadth_n of_o the_o battallion_n depth_n which_o be_v from_o the_o leader_n to_o the_o bringer-up_a with_o the_o distance_n between_o all_o the_o follower_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o length_n or_o depth_n of_o one_o file_n or_o flank_v in_o the_o dispose_n of_o soldier_n into_o file_n and_o rank_n beside_o their_o observe_v a_o right_a line_n in_o their_o place_n and_o stand_v observe_v we_o must_v likewise_o especial_o respect_v the_o different_a worth_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o every_o one_o according_a to_o his_o worth_n may_v be_v suit_v unto_o his_o proper_a place_n and_o according_o receive_v advancement_n as_o the_o death_n of_o his_o leader_n and_o true_a value_n of_o his_o desert_n by_o his_o commander_n shall_v give_v occasion_n first_o therefore_o there_o must_v be_v especial_a choice_n make_v of_o the_o leader_n of_o each_o file_n rank_n or_o first_o front_n or_o rank_n of_o the_o battallion_n of_o the_o most_o expert_a able_a and_o best-armed_n man_n because_o that_o as_o from_o they_o the_o rest_n be_v to_o receive_v direction_n of_o their_o after-motion_n so_o in_o they_o the_o great_a hope_n of_o the_o day_n do_v consist_v next_o unto_o the_o first_o it_o must_v be_v provide_v that_o the_o bringer_n up_o or_o last_v rank_n call_v tergiductores_fw-la rank_n be_v little_a inferior_a well_o experience_v wise_a and_o valiant_a that_o they_o may_v both_o know_v when_o to_o reprehend_v their_o former_a rank_n and_o urge_v they_o forward_o if_o they_o see_v they_o decline_v or_o yield_v upon_o false_a occasion_n as_o also_o to_o be_v able_a upon_o any_o sudden_a alarm_n give_v in_o the_o rear_n to_o turn_v face_n about_o and_o make_v themselves_o a_o front_n for_o the_o best_a resistance_n neither_o must_v it_o be_v neglect_v concern_v the_o second_o and_o nine_o rank_n rank_n that_o they_o also_o