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A41670 A learned and very useful commentary on the whole epistle to the Hebrews wherein every word and particle in the original is explained ... : being the substance of thirty years Wednesdayes lectures at Black-fryers, London / by that holy and learned divine Wiliam Gouge ... : before which is prefixed a narrative of his life and death : whereunto is added two alphabeticall tables ... Gouge, William, 1578-1653.; Gouge, Thomas, 1605-1681. 1655 (1655) Wing G1391; ESTC R34210 2,433,641 1,664

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truth mercy justice wrath c. In reference hereunto thus saith Moses of God He is the rock his work is perfect for all his waies are judgement A God of truth and without iniquity just and right is he Deut. 32. 4. In reference also hereunto the Psalmist thus saith The Lord is righteous in all his waies and holy in all his works Psal. 145. 17. The waies wherein God would have us to walk are his precepts whereof thus saith the Psalmist Shew me thy waies O Lord teach me thy path The Lord will ●…each sinners in the way and the meek he will teach his way Psal. 25. 4 8 9. Isa. 2. 3. And God himself thus saith O that my people had hearkened unto me and Israel had walked in my waies Psal. 81. 13. The two later kindes of waies are here especially meant namely his works and his precepts The works of God are styled his waies because we may see him as it were walking therein For by his works we may disc●…rn the footsteps of his properties and providence They have seen thy goings O God even the goings of my God Psal. 68. 24. By the goings of God are meant the distinct acts of the Divine providence Where it is said to God Thy way is in the sea and thy path in the great waters reference is had to Gods manifestation of his power wisdom mercy and justice in dividing the red sea for the Israelites to pass through it and overwhelming their enemies thereby Psal. 77. 19. In this respect that Gods works are waies wherein he may be seen walking it is our duty 1. To understand the waies of God so farre as he is pleased to walk in the●… and to make them known to us Thereby he shews himself to be such a God is none can be imagined to be like unto him so as we may say unto him How terrible art thou in thy works Psal. 66. 3. Among the Gods there is none like unto thee 〈◊〉 Lord neither are there any works like unto thy works Psal. 86. 8. 2. To acknowledge the equity and righteousness of Gods waies The L●… 〈◊〉 righteous in all his wales and holy in all his works Psal. 145. 17. This is it whereabo●… God makes with the Israelites this vehement expostulation and that again and again Hear now O house of Israel is not my way equàl are not your waies unequall Ezek. 18. 25 29. 33. 17 20. To impeach Gods waies of iniquity is an high degree of blasphemy 3. To admire and magnifie the Lord in his waies All the Kings of the earth 〈◊〉 praise thee O Lord yea they shall sing in the waies of the Lord Psal. 138. 4 5. M●… is this duty pressed in and under the title of Gods works I will praise thee O Lord with my whole heart I will shew forth all thy marvellous works Psal. 9. 1. Ma●…y 〈◊〉 Lord my God are thy wonderfull works which thou hast done Psal. 40. 5. Gods precepts are frequently styled his waies To demonstrate this more ●…ly this Epithete Way is oft joyned with Gods Precepts and Command●… Thus prayeth David Make me to understand the way of thy Precepts Teach 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lord the way of thy statutes make me to go in the path of thy Command●… And thus he professeth I will runne the way of thy Commandments Psal. 119 ●… 32 33 35. God by his Precepts doth declare unto men how they should carry themsel●… towards him and towards one another so as they are as a way for them to wal●… to observe and to do them Gods Precepts are not for meer speculation but for practice It is the peo●… use of a way to walk in it Of practising Gods Commandments See the Saints Sacrifice on Psal. 116. ●… ●… § 59. §. 111. Of Ignorance aggravating a sin THat which is here set down of the Israelites not knowing Gods waies i●… 〈◊〉 down by way of aggravation We must therefore here consider in what ●…spect ignorance may be an aggravation For Christ makes it a matter of exte●…tion saying He that knew not and did commit things worthy of stripes shall 〈◊〉 beaten with few stripes Luk. 12. 48. Upon this ground Christ thus prayed for 〈◊〉 of the Jews Father forgive them for they know not what they do Luke 23. 34. 〈◊〉 Apostle also doth herein extenuate the sinne of the Jews in that they did it th●… ignorance Act. 3. 17. And Paul sets it down as an occasion of the mercy which 〈◊〉 found 1 Tim. 1. 13. To clear the point in hand more fully it is meet distinctly to set down the 〈◊〉 of not knowing Men may be said not to know Simply or Relatively 1. Simply when there is in them a meer want of knowing such and su●… thing This is called Nescience and it is blamelesse and without sinne in 〈◊〉 cases 1. When it is of things which cannot be known as the perfection of 〈◊〉 excellencies Canst thou by searching sinde out God Canst thou finde 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Almighty unto perfection Job 11. 7. God dwelleth in the light which no m●… 〈◊〉 approach unto whom no man hath seen nor can see 1 Tim. 6. 16. There shall 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 see God and live Exod. 33. 20. 2. When it is of things that are not to be known as Gods secret co●… The secret things belong unto the Lord our God but those things which are ●…ed belong unto us Deut. 29. 29. Thus it is said of the day of judgement O●… 〈◊〉 day and that hour knoweth no man no not the Angels which are in heaven 〈◊〉 the Son Mark 13. 32. 3. Of such things as are not meet or fit to be known in this respect Christ saith to his Disciples It is not for you to know the times or the seasons which the Father hath put in his own power Act. 1. 7. 2. Relatively men are said not to know in reference to such knowledge as they might or should have This is properly called Ignorance Ignorance is a privation of knowledge Now a privation presupposeth a contrary habit of that which one hath had or is capable of having As blindnesse presupposeth sight in him that is blinde or at least such a subject as was capable of sight A man that never had sight may be said to be blinde Iohn 9. 1. because he was capable of sight Ignorance thus properly taken is simple or wilfull Simple ignorance is in two cases 1. When means are not afforded to know what we ought to know In this respect the Apostle saith of the times wherein the Gentiles wanted means of knowledge The times of this ignorance God winked at Act. 17 30 This kinde of ignorance is sinfull and that because God at first gave man ability to know whatsoever was meet for him to know That men after Adams fall knew not their duty it was their own fault 2. When means afforded are too slightly used to finde out the true case of a thing The ignorance which Abimelech
See v. 3. § 22 24. §. 113. Of appropriating Christs Propheticall Office to his brethren THe speciall persons for whom Christ was a Prophet are stiled Brethren and that in relation to Christ himself For thus he himself cals them Of this relation see § 106 107. Expresse mention is here made of this relation to shew who they be for whom in speciall Christ took upon him to be a Prophet namely for his spirituall kindred These are the babes to whom the mysteries of the Gospel are revealed Matth. 11. 25. These are they to whom it is given to know the mysteries of the Kingdom of heaven Matth. 13. 11. These are they of whom Christ in his preaching said Behold my mother and my brethren Matth. 12. 49. For these and these alone are given to Christ. Of these thus saith Christ I have manifested thy Name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world I have given unto them the words which thou gavest me I have declared unto them thy Name and will declare it John 17. 6 8 26. Quest. Why did Christ himself preach to all of all sorts and why commanded he his Disciples to teach all Nations and to go into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature Matth. 28. 19 20. Mark 16. 15. Answ. For his Elect sake which were here and there in every place mixed with reprobates as good corn is mixed with tares and solid grain with chaff The Elect only receive the benefit of Christs Propheticall Office others are more hardened thereby Matth. 13. 13 14 15. Hereby such as are kindely and effectually wrought upon by the Ministry of the Gospel wherein Christs Propheticall Office is executed may know that they are Christs brethren chosen of God given to the Son of God heirs of eternall Life §. 114. Of Christs Propheticall Office setting forth Gods praise ANother branch of Christs Propheticall Office is thus set down In the midst 〈◊〉 the Church will I sing praise unto thee The addition of this clause to the former gives us to understand that Christs Propheticall Office tended to the setting forth of the praise of God as well as to the instructing of men in Gods will Hereupon saith Christ to his Father when he w●… going out of the world I have glorified thee on earth Joh. 17. 4. As his love to man moved him to undertake the former so his zeal of Gods glory put him on to the later Those two duties of instructing man and praising God belong to all faithfull Prophets of the Lord and they ought to aim at both Yea they are both so linked together as they can hardly if at all be severed For he that declareth Gods Name aright unto men doth therein set forth Gods praise and he whose heart i●… set upon setting forth Gods praise will declare his Name to men because thereby Gods praise is set forth §. 115. Of singing Praise THis phrase I will sing praise is the interpretation of one Greek word The root signifieth to celebrate ones praises Thence proceedeth a Nown which signifieth an hymn or song in ones praise The Heathen used to set out a●… accurate form of praises especially of the praises of their Gods under this word hymn It is twice used in the New Testament Eph. 5. 19. Col. 3. 16. And in both places it is joyned with Psalms and spirituall songs Psalms were such as are found in the Book of Psalms Hymns such as were composed in speciall for the praise of God Songs such as were metrically and artificially penned Because such songs for the most part were light and lascivious he addeth this Epithete Spiritual To teach Christians to take heed of wanton songs From that Nown hymn the Verb here used by the Apostle is raised It implieth two things 1. The Matter of a duty which is the setting forth of Gods praise 2. The Manner of praising him cheerfully melodiously with singing Of praising God namely what it is to praise him for what he is to be praised and why this duty is to be performed See my Explanation of the Lords Prayer entituled A Guide to go to God § 238 239 240. Of solemn praise and manifestation thereof and unsatisfiednesse therein S●… The Saints Sacrifice on Psal. 116. § 1 85 86 108. The prime principall and proper object of praise whom Christ would praise was God It was God to whom he thus directed his speech I will praise THEE See The Saints Sacrifice on Psal. 116. 12. § 79. St Paul in another place thus bringeth in Christ performing this duty For this cause I will confesse to thee among the Gentiles and sing unto thy Name Christ in his life time accomplished that which was by the Psalmist foretold of him and that according to the literall sense of the word He sang praises to God The very word of the text is used where it is said of Christ and his Disciples They sung an hymn Matth. 28. 30. This practise of Christ doth not only justifie and warrant this manner of setting forth Gods praises by singing but also commends it much unto us For Christs practise of an imitable duty is a great commendation of that duty We are oft exhorced to be followers of him As this duty is here commended so it is also expresly commanded Eph. 5. 19. Col. 3. 16. Good warrant there is for performing this duty privately alone or in a family and publickly in a Congregation This direction Is any man merry let him sing Psalms Jam. 5. 13. warrants singing by one alone Paul and Silas their singing of Psalms Act. 16. 25. warrants singing by two or three together The forementioned practise of Christ and his Disciples singing after Supper Mark 14. 26. warrants singing in a family And this phrase When you come together every one of you hath a Psalm 1 Cor. 14. 26. implieth the Christians course in singing Psalms publickly in Churches Hereunto tendeth the mention of a Church in this text This manner of setting forth Gods praises even by singing is frequently mentioned in the last Book of the New Testament which foretelleth the then future estate of the Christian Church Rev. 5. 9. 14. 3. 15. 3. They therefore straiten this duty too narrowly who restrain it to the Pedagogy of the Jews Then indeed it was more frequently used especially with all manner of musicall Instruments For then even the externall man needed more outward and sensible means of quickning it Singing was under the Law so highly accounted of as he that was said to be a man after Gods heart 1 Sam. 13. 14 hath this title as an high commendation given unto him The sweet Psalmist of Israel 2 Sam. 23. 1. Though singing be not now altogether so needfull in regard of the externall ri●…e and manner of quickning as it was under the Law Yet is it not under the Gospel needlesse or uselesse For though Christians be men in reference to the non-age of