creatures at the Creator's presence In the New Testament The passing of a Camell thorough the eye of a needle Mat. 9.24 The Stars falling to the earth as a figg tree casteth her untimely figgs the departing of the heaven as a scrowl rowled together Revel 6.13.14 The whole world cannot containe the books wherein our Saviour's acts should be written Joh. 21.25 may not litterally be taken but as sublime Hyperboles expressing in the first a matter of the greatest difficulty in the second a foretelling of stupendious confusion in the last the not registred acts of our Saviour hardly and not necessary to be recounted of So sin is confessed in tearms to be hyperbolically sinfull Rom. 3.7 Light affliction 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in an eminent hyperbolicall manner to work an eternall weight of glory 2 Cor. 4.17 And St. Paul acknowledgeth that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 before his conversion he persecuted the Church Gal. 1.13 * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Abusio so called when for want of a fit name to expresse a thing by we borrow that word which commeth nearest to hand by which means it commeth to passe that the word is abused and the Trope is more harsh and unequall as equum divina Palladis arte Aedificant Catachresis Catachresis abused as it were or far-fetched incongruous speeches may be tearmed such as All the earth was of one lip and one sort of words Gen. 11.1 that is of one Language and spake one Tongue Let us smite him with the tongue Jer. 18.18 Jer. 18.18 that is Slander him I will open the shoulder of Moab from his Cities Ezech. Ezek. 25.9 25.9 that is Dismantle his Townes to make way for his enemies I will turn to the people a pure lip that they may call upon the name of the Lord to serve him with one shoulder Zeph. 3.9 Zeph 3.9 that is with one consent So Daubing with untempered morter and sowing pillowes under arm-holes Ezech. 13. Ezek. 13. are unusuall to expresse deceitfull and flattering doctrine much more that as the Doway Bible gives it in the Canticle of my Cosen concerning his vineyard in Horn the son of oyle Isai 5.1 for Isa 5.1 Scituated in a fertile or fruitfull hill Likewise Psal 119. My soul is alway in my hand Psal 119. i. e. I am in eminent danger The ploughers plowed upon my back and made long furrowes Psal 129. Joh. 8.5 Psal 129. grieviously afflicted me To see death Joh. 8.51 for To die To shake off the dust of the feet Matth. 10.14 Matth. 10.14 for Utterly to renounce or abandon To pluck out the eye and cast it from us Matth. 5.29 Matth. 5.29 to take away occasions are elegancies in Scripture which otherwise might seem catachresticall So merit and wages or reward are urged which import no more then a good work and wages is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because it is paid in the evening when the work is done Also plenty of all things is expressed by 1. Butter of Kine and 2. Milk of Sheep and 3. Fat of Rams and 4. Rams of the breed of Bashan and 5 Goats with 6. the fat of the kidneys of Wheat and 7. the pure blood of the Grape for drink Deut. 32.14 Deuter. 32.14 So I might have received mine own with usury that is with increase a Catachresticall Synecdoche Matth. 25.27 From one dead sprang so many as the stars of heaven Heb. 11.12 Heb. 12.1 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and as the sand beside the lip of the sea innumerable Heb. 11.12 A clowd of witnesses Heb. 12.1 * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 speciem praebere repraesentare because thereby is a representation made of some speciall thing that lyeth hid in the words which is made manifest either by the pronountlation of them or by the affixing of some demonstrative article to them and this when it is not so safe or meet to expresse our sense in words at length Virgil. Non licuit thalami expertem sine crimine vitam Degere more ferae Virum te praestes oportet Emphasis As Catachresticalls make an impression through their harshnesse and strangenesse so an Emphasis worketh through its vigour which in reading is enlivened by the pronunciation Hitherto are referred such epithets wherein the Apostles are called the salt of the earth Math. 5. wicked men the men of Gods hand Psal 17. Psal 17. employed sometimes to chastise the godly So Man of sorrowes Isa 53. Isa 53. Son of perdition of Belial of thunder of the morning have especiall emphases in them As also First born of death king of terrours bars of the pit Job 18.13 14. Job 18.13 Ib. 17.16 Ib. 38.37 Ib. 17.16 Bottles of heaven Ib. 38.37 With which may be ranged those high phrases and strains Behold I am against thee O thou destroying mountain saith the Lord which destroyest all the earth and I will stretch out my hand upon thee and roll thee down from the rocks and I will make thee a burnt mountain Jer. 51.25 Jer. 51.25 I will make it a possession for the Bittern and pools of water and I will sweep it with the beesome of destruction Isa 14.23 Isa 14.23 His breath shall sift the Nations with the sieve of vanity Ib. 30.28 Ibid 30.28 * Nominis pro nomine positio A putting of one word for another By this Trope the inventor is put for the thing invented the possessor for the thing possessed the continent for the thing contained and the efficient for the effect c. By Cicero tearmed Hypallage immutatio traductio lib. 3. de Orat. Traductio immutatio in verâ—o Metonymia Amongst Metonymies those wherein the cause and the effect the subject and the adjunct the antecedent and the consequent are taken one for another are most of note and use And the Lord said unto Cain Why art thou wroth and why is thy countenance fallen If thou dost well shalt thou not be accepted and if thou dost not well sin lyeth at the dore Gen. 4.6 7. Sin that is the punishment for sin the cause for the effect or as some Sin that is the sacrifice for sin a repentant heart in thy power and therefore hast no reason to lowre at my dealing with thee For the second what more frequent in the Old and New Testament then Sacramentall metonymies as To kill the passeover Exod. 12.21 Kill the passeover 2 Chron. 30.18 Keep or celebrate the feast of the passeover 2 Chron. 30.1 Christ our passeover is sacrificed for us therefore let us keep the feast not with old leaven neither with the leaven of malice and wickednesse but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth 1 Cor. 5.7 8. where Passeover the thing signified is put for the commemorative and sacrifice by which it was to be presented Exod. 12.14.27 In which metonymicall sense the words of institution of the Lords Supper must be understood
from me my Children are desolate because the Enemy prevailed Lament 1.16 So O earth earth earth hear the vvord of the Lord Jeremiah 22.29 A sword a sword is sharpned and also furbished it is sharpned to make a sore slaughter it is furbished that it may glitter should vve then make mirth It contemneth the rod of my Son as every tree Ezek. 21.9 10. I vvill overturne overturne overturne it and it shall be no more untill he come vvhose right it is and I vvill give it him Ezek. 21.27 In the same straine are these of our Saviour Martha Martha thou art carefull and troubled about many things but one thing is necessary Luk. 10.41 42. O Jerusalem Jerusalem thou that killest the Prophets and stonest them that are sent unto thee how often would I have gathered thy Children together as a Hen gathereth her Chickens under her wings but ye would not Matth. 23 37. Luk. 13.34 Multitudes multitudes in the valley of decision for the day of the Lord is neer in the valley of decision Joel 3.14 Sometime a Parenthesis is interposed as They seemed to be somewhat vvhatsoever they vvere it maketh no matter to me God accepteth no mans person for they who seemed to be somewhat in conference added nothing to me Gal. 2.6 To this Epizeuxis may be referred * Reduplicatie called by Plutarch 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Verbi ejusdem repetitio à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dicere quia idem sonus iteratur Anadiplosis which is when the same word that ends one sentence begins the other and Climax a climbing by a repetition of the words before to make as it were a foot-step to ascend higher as both words give it I was glad when they said unto me We will go into the house of the Lord our feet shall stand within thy gates O Jerusalem Jerusalem is built as a City that is at unity in it selfe Ps 122.1.2 I will laugh at your calamity and I will mock when your feare cometh when your feare cometh as desolation and your destruction cometh as a whirl-wind when distress and anguish cometh upon you Pro. 1.26.27 And it shall come to passe when they shall say unto thee Whither shall we go forth then thou shalt tell them Thus saith the Lord Such as are for Death to death and such as are for the Sword to the sword and such as are for Famine to the famine and such as are for Captivity to the captivity Jer. 15.2 So Zach. 11.9 That which Dyeth let it dye and that that is Cut off let it be cut off and let the rest cut every one the flesh of another Of * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 scala gradus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because in this figure we do proceed as it were by certain steps or rounds in a ladder whence it is named Gradatio repetit quae dictasunt priusquam ad aliud descendat in prioribus resistit Quintil. L. 9. c. 3. Climax these notable concatenations we have in the New Testament Whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved How then shal they call on him in whom they have not believed and how shal they believe in him of whom they have not heard and how shall they heare without a Preacher and how shall they Preach except they be sent Rom. 10.13 14 15. Whom he did foreknow he also did praedestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son that he might be the first born among many brethren Moreover whom he did praedestinate them he also called whom he called them he also justified and whom he justified he also glorified Rom. 8.29 We glory in tribulation knowing that tribulation worketh patience and patience experience and experience hope and hope maketh not ashamed because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us Rom. 5.3.4 5. Giving all diligence add to your faith virtue and to virtue Knowledge and to knowledge Temperance and to temperance Patience and to patience Godlinesse and to godlinesse Brotherly kindnesse and to brotherly kindnesse Charity 2 Pet. 1.5 6 7. In which kind is that saying Learn to know know to doe doe to dye dye to live live to laud. So as by Higgaions Selahs Hosannahs we may attaine at length to coelestiall Halleluichs * By Plutarch called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and by him taken notice of to be very powerfull to work upon the affections as well as to delight the care 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quare videtur esse adhibenda ad exornandam augendam orationem Auth. ad Heren Anaphora In Anaphora the same word is re-assum'd to begin divers sentences So blessings and cursings are Anaphorically propounded If ye walke in my statutes and keep my Commandements and do them I will give you raine in due season I will give peace in the land I will have respect unto you I will set my Tabernacle amongst you But if ye will not hearken unto me but walke contrary to me then will I walke also contrary to you in fury and I even I will hastise you 7 times for your sins Lev. 26.3.27 28. In like manner Deut. 28. Blessed blessed blessed and Cursed cursed cursed are re-assumed by Anaphora as the 8 Beatitudes and so many Woes are pronounced and denounced to the Happy and Hypocrites Mat. 5. ch 23. In the same figure Charity is displayed Charity suffereth long and is kind Charity envieth not Charity vaunteth not her selfe 1 Cor. 13.4 The abhominations of the bloody City of Jerusalem in which the Princes of Israel were in their power to shed blood are heavily taxed In thee have they set light by Father and Mother in the midst of thee have they dealt by oppressions with the stranger in thee have they vexed the fatherless and the widow Thou hast despised my holy things and profaned my Sabbaths in thee are men that carry tales to shed blood in thee they that eat upon the mountaines in the midst of thee they commit lewdnesse in thee have they discovered their fathers nakednesse in thee have they humbled her that was set a part for pollution and one hath committed abhomination with his neighbours wife and another hath lewdly defiled his daughter in law and another in thee hath humbled his Sister his Fathers daughter in thee have they taken gifts to shed blood thou hast taken usury and encrease and thou hast greedily gained of thy neighbour by extortion and hast forgotten me saith the Lord God Ezek. 22.7 The devastations of Jerusalem are lamented by the Prophet Mine eyes fail with teares My bowels are troubled My liver is poured upon the earth for the destruction of the daughter of my people What thing shall I take to witnesse for thee what thing shall I liken to thee O daughter of Jerusalem what shall I equall to thee that I may comfort thee O virgin daughter of Sion for thy breach is great like the Sea
gentem Ad ditur ad finem fine exclamationis notâ Epiphonema or sententious closure relating to premises of consequence Thus they provoked him to anger with their owne inventions and the plague was great amongst them Psal 106.29 Thus were they stain'd with their owne works and went a whoring after their own inventions ib. 38. Thus they turned the glory of God into the similitude of a calfe that eateth hey Ib. 20. Thus Joash the King remembred not the kindnesse which Jehojada his father had done unto him but slew his son and vvhen he died he said The Lord look upon it and require it 2 Chron. 24.22 * Quasi 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Libertas loquendi Parrhesia an assumed freedom of speech vvhich is commonly ushered in vvith an excusing praeface Men and brethren let me freely speak unto you of the patriarch David that he is both dead and buried and his sepulcher vvith us this day Act. 2.29 We cannot but speak the things vvhich vve have both seen and heard Ib. 4.20 the King knoweth of these things before whom I speak 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 freely For I am perswaded that none of these things are hidden from him for this thing was not done in a corner Act. 26.26 * Correctio quae tollit id quod dictum est pro eo id quod magis idoneum videtur reponit Author ad Heren Called by the Greeks likewise 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Epanorthosis Epanorthosis doth in some sort qualifie that which hath as we make it slipped from us or drowneth somewhat which we would have understood though not uttered Can a woman forget her sucking child that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb Yea they may forget yet will not I forget thee Esa 49.15 Father save me from this hour but for this cause came I into the world Joh. 12.27 I laboured more abundantly then they all yet not I but the grace of God which was with me 1 Cor. 15.10 I marvell that you are so soon removed from him that called you into the grace of Christ unto another Gospell which is not another But there be some that trouble you and would pervert the gospell of Christ Gal. 1.6 7. Attendant to this is * Reticentia Cicer. Obticentia Celsus Called by others Interruptio because the thred of discourse is broken off Virgil. Quos ego sed motos praestat componere fluctus Used 1. To expresse anger Quem quidem ego si sensero sed quid opus est verbis Plaut 2. Fear Virgil. Neque vincere certo Quanquam O sed superent quibus hoe Neptune dedisti 3. An high passion of grief Tu autem Jehova quousque Psal 6.4 Aposiopesis when somewhat is left to be gathered by a breaking off abruptly Oh this people have sinned a great sin and made them gods of gold yet now if thou wilt forgive them their sin It is too much for me to ask but thy infinite mercy may afford it if not blot me out I pray thee of the book which thou hast written Exod. 32. To whom I sware in my wrath if they should enter into my rest left to be understood Let not me be trusted any more upon oath If thou hadst known even at least in this thy day the things which belong unto thy peace thou wouldst have taken better courses or the like but now they are hid from thine eyes Luk. 19.42 * Aversio sermo aversus because the scene of speech is changed and directed to another Apostrophe Apostrophe in a continuate speech turns from the hearers or matter present and bespeaks a thing or person absent or present by the By. So David in lamenting the death of Saul and Jonathan le ts fly an imprecation upon the place where they were slain Ye mountains of Gilboa let there be no dew nor let there be rain upon you nor fields of offerings for there the shield of the Mighty is vilely cast away the shield of Saul as though he had not been annointed with oyle 2 Sam. 1.21 So in declaring Israel's exodus from Egypt he bespeaks the sea and Jordan with the mountains and earth it self What aileth thee O thou sea that thou fleddest c. Psal 114.5 So Isaiah makes the heavens and earth his auditors Hear O heaven and give ear O earth for the Lord hath spoken I have nourished and brought up children and they have rebelled against me Isa 1.2 Baldnesse is come upon Gaza Askalon is cut off with the remnant of their valley how long wilt thou cut thy self O thou sword of the Lord how long will it be ere thou be quiet Put up thy self into thy scabbard rest and be still Jer. 47.6 In the 24th Psalm upon profession that although The earth be the Lords with all the fulnesse and inhabitants of the world yet because all have not that share in it as the Israelites God's favourites Deut. 10.14 15 the Prophet breaks out by an high Apostrophe to the Gates for enlarging themselves to entertain the Ark of God Lift up your heads O ye gates and be ye lift up ye everlasting doors and the King of glory shall come in Twice repeated that the compellation of the senslesse gates might make the deeper impression for opening to Christ knocking at the door of our hearts And this sort of Apostrophe to senssesse creatures is often met with in other Authors But two other besides the one to God the other to our own souls are peculiar in a manner to Scripture-Rhetorick Apostrophe to God 1. by Petition 2. Complaint 3. Praises 4. Thanksgiving 5. Detestation of opposites 6. Stirring up our selves 7. Inciting others and inviting Thus upon a narration of Gods wonderfull conducting the Israelites out of Egypt the Prophet raiseth a most patheticall Apostrophe Look down from heaven and behold from the habitation of thy holinesse and of thy glory Where is thy zeal and thy strength the sounding of thy bowells and thy mercies towards me are they restrained Doubtlesse thou art our Father O Lord why hast thou made us to erre from thy waies and hardened our hearts from thy fear by leaving us to putrifie in our own corruptions O that thou wouldest rend the heavens Behold thou art wroth for we have sinned Isa 63. Such are those of blessed King Charles worthy of all imitation Apostrophe to our own selves are termed Soliloquies seldom found out of Scripture So The river of Kishon swept them away that antient river the river of Kishon O my soul thou hast trodden down strength Judg. 5.21 In such a Soliloquy David cheareth up himself Why art thou so vexed O my soul and why art thou so disquieted in me O put thy trust in God for I will yet thank him which is the help of my countenance and my God Psal 42.14 So Praise the Lord O my soul and all that is within me praise his holy name Psal 103. So 104.
20. By this Scheme any controversies of the Schools may be rhetorically handled as Thou vvilt tell me There is a purgatory by vvhich David passed through fire and vvater to a place of refreshing Psal 38. But this must be meant of temporall affliction vvhich David in this life had passed But After this life there is a prison vvhence redemption may be had upon payment of the uttermost farthing Matth. 5. Allusions give not Conclusions and the prison mentioned is no purging of the soul but urging of a pious and timely agreement to prevent further inconveniencies But vvhy vvere men baptised for the dead if it did the dead no good Baptised they vvere in their ovvn blood vvhich they shed rather then they vvould bevvray their brethren But 't is knovvn the Fathers held Purgatory But never as a tenent of religion but a matter of discourse vvith a forsitan verum est as St. Austin Decked vvith this Anacoinosis is Rabshekah's oration What confidence is this vvherein thou trustest Thou sayest I have counsell and strength Egypt is but a bruised reed vvhich vvill pierce the hand of him that leans upon it But if ye say We vvill trust in the Lord our God is it not he vvhose high places and vvhose altars Hezekiah hath taken avvay 2 King 18.19 * Concessiò cùm aliquid etiem iniquum videmur causae fiduciâ pati Quint. l. 9. c. 2. Gracis dicitur etiam 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vnde ali◠figuram hanc Confessunem vocârent Synchoresis Synchoresis grants as much as the adversarie can in reason desire yet shewes that it makes nothing for him Behold thou art called a Jew and restest in the Law and makest thy boast of God and knowest his will and approvest the things that are more excellent being instructed out of the Law and art confident that thou thy selfe art a guid of the blind a light of them that are in darkensse an instructor of the foolish a teacher of babes which hast the forme of knowledg and the truth in the law Thou that teachest a man should not steal dost thou steal thou that sayest a man should not commit adultry dost thou commit adultry thou that abhorrest idols dost thou commit sacriledg thou that makest thy boast of the law through breaking the law dishonourest thou God Rom. 2. The Jews require a signe and the Greeks seek after wisdom but we preach Christ crucified a stumbling block to the Jews and to the Greeks foolishnesse but unto them which are called both Jewes and Greekes Christ the power of God and the vvisdome of God Because the foolishnesse of God is vviser then men and the vveaknesse of God stronger then men 1 Cor. 1. Am I a God at hand saith the Lord and not a God a far off can any hide himselfe in secret places that I shall not see him saith the Lord Do not I fill heaven and earth saith the Lord Jer. 23.23 24. Upon vvhich dissention the auditory are usually desired to judg And novv inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah judg I pray between me and my vineyard What could I have done more to my vineyard than I have done unto it Isa 5.3 4. I speak to vvise men judg you vvhat I say The cup of blessing which vve bless is it not the communion of the blood of Christ The bread vvhich vve break is it not the communion of the body of Christ 1 Cor. 10.15 16. Ye Hypocrits ye can disern the face of the sky and of the earth but hovv is it that ye do not discern this time yea and vvhy of your selves judg ye not vvhat is right Luk. 12.56 57. CHAP. V. * Passionem seu affectam afferens such things as move the mind to love hatred c. Of Patheticks IN this vve have the heighth of Rhetorick vvherein James and John the sons of Zebedee appear as sons of thunder Mar. 3.17 Peter stabs the hearts of his auditory to a trembling prostration Men and brethren what shall we do Act. 14.11 12. Apollos the eloquent Alexandrian mightily convinced the Jevves in publick Act. 18. For an introduction to vvhich 1. The affections are to be considered that are to be vvrought upon 2. The vvorking upon them diversly by Scripture Patheticks Affections to be wrought upon may be conveniently reduced to 1. Love 2. Hatred 3. Hope 4. Fear 5. Joy 6. Sorrow 7. Zeal Motives to Love Love respects God our selvs our neighbours David's love to God is express'd in divers places extatically O how amiable arethy dvvellings thou Lord of hosts My soul hath a desire and longing to enter into the courts of the Lord my heart and my flesh rejoyce in the Living God Psal 84. Happy Sparrovvs and Svvallovvs vvhich there may have a nest or house to vvhich a passage through this vale of misery is a proceeding from strength to strength vvhere one dayes entertainment is better than a thousand spent in vvorldly pleasure The tents of ungodlinesse may be held delectable dvvellings but I had rather be a dore-keeper in the house of my God than the chief commander in the stateliest palaces Ib. So every vvhere in all his devotions such flashes of love break out The Lord is my strength and my shield my heart hath trusted in him and I am helped Therefore my heart danceth for joy and in my song vvill I praise him Psal 28.8 Like as the Hart desires the vvater-brooks so longeth my soul after thee O God My soul is a thirst for God yea even for the living God O vvhen shall I come to appear before the presence of God Psal 42.1 2. I have set God alvvaies before me for he is on my right hand therefore I shall not fall Wherefore my heart vvas glad and my glory rejoyced my flesh also shall rest in hope For thou vvilt not leave my soul in hell neither vvilt thou suffer thine holy One to see corruption Thou shalt shevv me the path of life in thy presence is the fulnesse of joy and at thy right hand there is pleasure for evermore Psal 16. The men of thy hand and vvorldlings may take pleasure in their portions in this life vvhose bellies thou fillest vvith thy hid treasures They have children at their desire and leave the rest of their substance for their babes But as for me I will behold thy presence in righteousnesse and when I awake up after thy likenesse I shall be satisfied Psal 17.14 15 16. This of David's de arte amandi is to be studied The speciall motives thereunto are 1. Gods tender love to us 2. His inestimable benefits bestowed and continued upon us For what brutish disposition will not be taken to love him from whom he receiveth his being and all that he hath Is it an ordinary expression of love from the King of Kings to the durty Israelites in Egyptian slavery Israel is my Son even my first borne and I say unto thee Let my son goe that he may serve me and
preachersought out to find acceptable words 5. warrantable doctrine by its owne grounds and confirmation of the masters of the assembly that which was written was upright even words of truth The words of the wise are as goads and nails fastned by the masters of the assemblies 6. derived from the Word which is given by the hand of one shepheard Christ our Saviour 7. Abstaining from distracting studies which wearie the flesh in making many books when his owne bible would give content if it be rightly used that we need especially for matters of salvation no other Directory XIIII The arms of a Christian Souldier against 1. principalities 2. powers 3. rulers of the darknes of this world 4. spirituall wickednesses in high places 1. the girdle of truth for the loyns 2. for the breast the brest-plate of righteousness 3. for the feet the preparation of the Gospel of peace 4. for the left hand next the heart the shield of faith to quench the fiery darts of the Divel 5. for the right hand the sword of the spirit which is the word of God 6. for the head the helmet of salvation 7. for the accomplishing of all prayer and supplications in the Spirit with watching and all perseverance Eph. 6.12 CHAP. VII Of Antitheses I. IT is written that Abraham had two sons the one by a bondmaid the other by a free-woman but he that was of the bond-woman was born after the flesh but he of the free woman was by promise Which things are an Allegory For these are the two covenants the one from mount Sinai which gendereth to bondage which is Hagar for this Hagar is mount Sinai in Arabia and answereth to Jerusalem that now is and is in bondage with her children but Jerusalem which is above is free and is the mother of us all Gal. 4. Where may be noted correspondencies and antitheses between 1. Hagar a bond-woman and Sarah free 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ismael Hagar's son after the flesh and Isaac Sarah's according to promise 3. Sinai in Arabia the desert and Jerusalem in the land of promise 4. Sinai called by the Arabians Hagar allegorizing the Law Jerusalem the mother of us all the covenant of the gospell thence proclaimed 5. dependers of the Law for justification Hagarens born to bondage adherents to faith the sons of Sarah born to freedom 6. fleshly Ismaelites persecutors spirituall sons of Sarah for a time under the crosse 7. the censure upon the persecuting juststiciaries Cast out the bond-woman and her son on the other side The freewoman's children shall be heyrs II. Antithesis between Christ and Adam Rom. 5. 1 Not as the offence so is the free gift that by justice extended this by grace abounded 2. That included the venome of one offence or propagated but one offence originall this quits from originall and infinite actualls 3. That by one brought in the tyranny of death this by one the gift of Righteousnesse and reign in Life 4. That the root of just Condemnation this of the free gift of Justification 5. That made all men sinners this made many righteous 6. The horridness of that is manifested by the Law the abounding of grace is more illustrious by the Gospell 7. That was attended by reigning sin unto Death this by Grace to Righteousnesse and Eternall Life III. Antithesis between the flesh and the Spirit Rom. 7. where 1. The flesh brings forth fruit unto death the Spirit contendeth to serve in newnesse of Life 2. The flesh holds by the old letter the spirit by a new tenure 3. The flesh worketh death by that which is good that sin might become exceeding sinfull the Spirit clears it selfe by pleading a pardon 4. By the flesh we are sold unto sin by the Spirit we attaine redemption 5. In the flesh to will may be present with us but deeds follow not but the spirit urgeth to performe 6. The inward man delighteth in the Law of God but the Law of the members carry the intents against the Law of the Mind 7. The flesh makes up the body of sin the Spirit obtaineth deliverance by Christ IV. Antithesis between the Body before and after the Resurrection 1 Cor. 15.1 It is sowen in Corruption it is raised in incorruption 2. It is sowen in Honour it is raised in Glory 3. It it sowen in weaknesse it is raised againe in power 4. It is sowen a naturall body it is raised a spirituall body 5. It is sowen as the first Adams issue having onely a living soul it is raised as the second Adams purchase made a quickning spirit 6. The first is of the Earth earthly the second from the Lord of Heaven heavenly 7. The first carrying the image or stamp of earth from which he was taken the second the badg of Heaven to which he is advanced V. Antithesis between true pastors and impostors or scorners 1 Cor. 5. We are made a spectacle to the World and to Angells and to Men. 1. We are fools for Christs sake but ye are wise in Christ 2. We are weak but ye are strong 3. Ye are honoured but we are despised as it appeareth because at this present hour we both hunger and thirst and are naked and are buffetted and have no certain dwelling place and labour working with our owne hands 4. Being reviled we blesse 5. Being persecuted we suffer it 6. Being defamed we entreate 7. We are made the filth of the world and are the off-scouring of all things unto this day VI. Gods Ministers to be approved 1. In much patience 2. In afflictions 3. In necessities 4. In distresses 5. In stripes 6. In imprisonment 7. In tumults 8. In labours 9. In watchings 10. In fastings By 1. Purenesse 2. By knowledge 3. By long-suffering 4. By kindnesse 5. By the Holy Ghost 6. By love unfained 7. By the word of truth 8. By the power of God 9. By the armour of Righteousnesse 10. On the right hand and on the left 11. By honour and dishonour 12. By evill report and good report As 1. Deceivers and yet true 2. As unknown and yet well known 3. As dying yet behold we live 4. As chastned and not killed 5. As sorrowfull yet alwayes rejoycing 6. As poor and yet making many rich 7. As having nothing and yet possessing all things 2 Cor. 6. VII The chast Matrone and the whore of Babylon are thus differenced 1. The Matron is cloathed with the Sun from Heaven Rev. 12.1 The great whore with Scarlet and Gold and Pearls from the earth 2. The Matron hath the Moon and spotted-changes under her Feet the Whore sitteth on many waters which will at length fail her 3. The Matron hath a Crown of 12 Stars upon her Head the Whore appeares with a frontlet of blasphemies Mystery Babylon the great Rev. 17.5.12.2 Mother of harlots and abhominations of the earth 4. The Matron is fruitfull and travelling to bring forth Children the Whore is drunk with the blood of Saints and Martyrs and
fall upon them which they cannot avoyd 3 Our Saviour waving the decision between two brethren for a matter of pelfe with this exemplary put-off Man who made me a judg or a divider over you lanceth this sordid avarice with the proposall of a Parable of that base rich churle that was all for the inlarging his barnes without thinking on Him that sent the corne that any ingenious person would detest the case of the wretch who applauded himselfe in the gain of his Grain to the losse of his soul Luk. 12. And who can think upon the drunken sottishnesse of clownish Nabal without indignation and detestation who could not afford good words where good deeds were due Who is David or who is the son of Jesse There be many servants that now a dayes break away every man from his master Shall I then take my bread and my water and my flesh that I have killed for my shearers and give unto men whom I know not whence they be 2 Sam. 25.10 11. Little knew this caitiffe that was such a son of Belial that a man could not speak to him what mischeif was neer him and his if his wive's courteous demeanure had not prevented it but God let it not so passe Ib. This sordid humour by the Apostle is termed Idolatry that praeferreth his muck before his Maker Col. 3.5 the doltish vanity of which is touched by the preacher When goods increase they are increased that eat them and what good is there to the owners thereof saving the beholding of them with their eyes and his foolish son perchance shall spend all Eccles 5.11.14 Who vvould not loath the labour that brings so unpleasing an in-com 4. To represent how much bestiall luxury is to be detested the parable of Dives vvith the circumstances may be insisted upon 1. backed most pathetically by that of our Saviour They ate they drank they married til the flood came and destroyed them all And as aftervvards in Lots dayes in Sodom they ate they drank they sold they planted they builded till fire and brimstone from heaven marred their market Luk 17. vvhere Lots wife is pillarred for a mark of remembrance And Esau's bad bargain in parting vvith his birthright for a morsell of meat registred for a caution to all posterity Heb. 12 16. 5. Brutish inhumanity may be displayed to the detestation of the auditors in the usage of Joseph by his bretheren They said one to another Behold this dreamer cometh come novv therefore and let us slay him and cast him into some pit and vve vvill say some evill beast hath devoured him and vve shall see vvhat vvill become of his dreames Gen. 37.19 Thus they brought his feet to be hurt in the stocks the iron entred into his soul Of Jeremiah vvhom they plunged so in the mirie dungeon that he vvas fain to be dravvn up vvith cords and cast-clouts and rotten rags put under to save his flesh from gaulling Jer. 38.12 Of St. Stephen whom they stoned at least possessed with a phrensy Act. 7.58 Of St. Paul who was like to be pulled in peices between the factions of the Pharisees Sadduces Act. 23. 6. Breach of oaths and promises may be rendred odious by Zedekiah's heavy doome for revolting from Nebuchadnezer to whom he was obliged by oath 2 Chron. 36.13 And what a misery fell upon the house of Saul for wronging the Gibeonites to whom their forefathers had so long before obliged themselves by oath Jos 9 though all that Saul did was out of his zeal to Israel 2 Sam. 21.2 and Judah 7 what can set out Rebellion to be hated more in his gastly colours than the swallowing up of Korah Dathan and Abiram with all that belonged to them Num. 16. The prodigious hanging of Achitophel and Absalom 2 Sam. 18. And the fearfull end of Judas the traitor in Akeldama Act. 1.18 Motives to Hope Hope layeth hold on 1. deliverances 2. praeservation 3. consummation from which arise all spirituall comfors God is our hope and strength a very present helpe in trouble therefore will we not feare Though the earth be moved and though the hills be carried in the midst of the sea though the waters thereof rage and swell and though the mountaines shake at the tempest of the same The rivers of the flood thereof would glad the city of God God is in the midst therefore shall she not be removed God shall help her and that right early The heathen make much adoe and the kingdomes are moved but God hath shewed his voice and the earth shall melt away Psal 46. God is called the hope of Israel Jerem. 14.8 which maketh not ashaimed Rom 8.24 to which salvation is attributed Rom 8.24 whose emblem is an anker Heb. 6.19 which is layd up for us in heaven whereof we have heard in the word of the truth of the gospell Col. 1.5 and therefore with the work of faith and labour of love the Apostle will have the patience of hope in our Lord Jesus Christ without ceasing to be remembred 1 Thes 1.3 Upon this hope of deliverance was grounded the resolute answer of the three children to angry Nebuchadnezzar We are not carefull to answer the in this matter if it be so our God whom we serve is able to deliver us from the burning fiery furnace and he will deliver us out of thine hand O King But if not be it known unto thee O King that we will not serve thy Gods nor worship the golden image that thou hast set up Dan. 3.17 18. This hope was the onely help King Darius could find for Damel Dan. 6.16 Thy God vvhom thou servest continually he will deliver thee 2. for help of preservation vve have a veyn of golden oare running through all the Psalmes and allmost all the Scripture I vvill not be afrayd of ten thousand of people that have set themselves against me round about Psal 3.6 The Lord is my light and salvation whom then shall I fear The Lord is the strength of my life of vvhom then shal I be afraid When the vvicked even mine enimies and my foes came about me to eate up my flesh they stumbled and fell Psal 27. Though I vvalk through the valley of the shadovv of death I vvill fear no evill for thou art vvith me thy rod and thy staff comfort me Psal 23. Confidence against taking thought we have pressed by our Saviour Matth. 6.25 Take no thought for your life what ye shall eat ad finem and Diffidence reproved Why are ye fearfull Matth. 8.26 3. For inflaming the hope of consummation what can be more patheticall then that of our Saviour Let not your hearts be troubled ye beleeve in God beleeve also in me In my fathers house are many mansions if it were not so I would have told you I go to prepare a place for you Joh 14.1 2. Peace I leave with you my peace I give unto you not as the world giveth give I unto you Let not
your heart be troubled neither let it be afraid if ye loved me ye would rejoyce ib. 27 28. A glimpe onely and tast of this joy put Peter beside himselfe Master it is good for us to be here let us here pitch tabernacles and not downe to the world againe Motives to Fear Fear is the betraying of those succours which reason offereth Wisd 17 12. arising from dangers which reason telleth us we are unable to withstand These dangers may affright us 1. in our temporall estate 2. in our spirituall 3. in our eternall being hereafter For temporall afrightments what thunders are so terrible startling as those against 1. Pharoah and Egypt for his perfidious and treacherous dealing with Gods people Ezech. 29. 2. against Tyrus and their King for their pride and luxury 3. against Babylon Isa 13. and 14. for their captivating and insulting upon Gods people 2. For his temporal estate Cain complained not Gen. 4.14 but the feare of a guilty conscience was a Fury that ever haunted him My punishment is greater then I can bear Behold thou hast driven me out this day from the face of the earth and from thy face shall I be hid and I shall be a fugitive and a vagabond and it shall come to passe that every one that findeth me shall slay me A scantling of the third It is a fearfull thing to fall into the hands of the living God Heb. 10.31 This fcarfulnesse in proposing the law was so terrible that the people could not endure that which was commanded and if so much as a beast touch the mountain it shall be stoned and thrust through with a dart and so terrible was the sight that Moses said I exceedingly feare and quake Heb. 12.20 21. What horrour will then be can any heart imagine when the sun shall become as black as sack-cloth of hair and the moone and the stars of heaven fall unto the earth even as the fig-tree casteth her untimely figs when she is shaken of a mighty wind when the heavens shall depart as a scroul rolled together and every mountaine and iland shall be removed out of their places when the Kings of the earth and the great men and the rich men and the chief captains and the mighty men and every bondman and every free-man shall hide themselves in the dens and in the rocks of the mountaines and shall say unto the rocks and mountaines Fall on us and to the hills Cover us and hide us from the face of him that sitteth upon the throne and from the wrath of the Lamb for the great day of his wrath is come and who shall be able to stand Rev. 6. When the dismall doome is once pronounced Go ye cursed of my father into everlasting fire prepared for the devill and his angells Matth. 25.41 Motives to Joy Joy the ayme of all our desires must be raysed especially on the serious consideration 1. of joy in the holy Ghost 2. comfort in a good conscience 3. a chearfull and thankfull use of temporall blesings These depend one on the other Temporals delight not if conscience be not satisfied conscience receives not content but from assurances from the holy Spirit that all is well Amongst the fruits of the spirit this joy is served in with love which quickneth all the rest The fruit of the Spirit is lov joy peace long-suffering gentlenes goodnes faith meeknes temperance against such there is no law Galat. 5.22 23. Upon this is grounded that holy frolick if the word profane not of the Apostle to the Philippians Rejoyce in the Lord alwaies and again I say rejoyce Let your moderation be knowen unto all men the Lord is neer at hand Phil. 4.4 5. Upon which grounds we have the excitation of the church O come let us sing unto the Lord let us heartily rejoyce in the strength of our salvation Psalm 95. O be joyfull in the Lord all ye lands Psal 100. O sing unto the Lord a new song Psal 98. And divers other Psalms set to the same key of joy This was the rejoycing of the blessed-Virgin My spirit hath rejoyced in God my Saviour Luk 1.47 That which our Saviour exhorteth his disciples unto In this rejoyce not that the spirits are subject to you but rather rejoyce that your names are written in heaven 2. Luk. 10.20 All the dayes of the afflicted are evill but he that is of a merry heart upon a good conscience hath a continuall feast Prov. 15.15 This merry heart maketh a cheareful countenance but by the sorrow of the heart the spirit is broken Ib. For our rejoycing is this the testimony of our conscience that in simplicity and godly sincerity not with fleshly wisdom but by the grace of God we have had our conversation in the world 2 Cor. 1.12 Thus the Apostles when they were beaten and threatned after their imprisonment by the high priests command departed from the presence of the Council rejoycing that they were accounted worthy to suffer for his name Act. 5.41 It was St. Paul's excercise to have a conscience voyd of offence towards God and towards men Act. 24.16 And the Hebrews tooke joyfully the spoyling of their goods knowing in themselves that they had in heaven a better and an enduring substance Heb. 10.34 3. Joy and thankfullnesse for temporall blessings are not onely approved but enjoyned Thou shalt rejoyce before the Lord in acknowledgment of temporal blessings Deut. 12.12.18 At the presenting of the first fruits and tithes after a set paryer it is added Thou shalt rejoyce in every good thing which the Lord thy God hath given unto thee and unto thine house thou and the Levite and the stranger that is among you Deut 26.11 When God crowneth the yeer with goodnesse and the clouds drop fatness upon the dwellings of the wildernesse the little hills are brought in to rejoyce on every side when the folds shall be full with sheep the vallies also shall stand so thick with corne that they shall laugh and sing Psal 65.12 Whereupon the Kingly prophet sets forth a proclamation O prayse the Lord for it is a good thing to sing praises unto our God yea a joyfull and pleasant thing it is to be thankefull Psal 147. Motives to Sorrow A sorrowfull spirit is a sacrifice to God despise not O Lord humble and contrite hearts Psal 51.9 Sorrow ariseth commonly from any thing that crosseth our desires and therefore may be either 1. godly or 2. worldy Concerning both which we have that of the Apostle Though I made you sorry with a letter I do not repent though I did repent for I perceive that the same Epistle hath made you sorry though it be but for a season Now I rejoyce not that ye were made sorry but that ye sorrowed to repentance for ye were made sorry after a godly manner that ye might receive dammage by us in nothing for godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation not to be repented of but the sorrow