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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
earth_n	great_a	part_n	water_n	5,914	5	6.2806	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A57249	The compleat statesman, or, The political will and testament of that great minister of state, Cardinal Duke de Richilieu from whence Lewis the XIV ... has taken his measures and maxims of government : in two parts / done out of French.	Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, duc de, 1585-1642.; Du Chastelet, Paul Hay, marquis, b. ca. 1630.	1695 (1695)	Wing R1418; ESTC R35327	209,076	398

have no certain Passage since they can never undertake to make the middle of the Chanel in the Winter time without running the hazard of being lost either on our Coasts or in Barbary if the Wind turns wholly to the North. And even when the North East and by Nore drives them towards Majorca and Minorca and the North West and by Nore drives them into Corsica and Sardinia the violence of the Storms often breaks and destroys them before they can reach the shelter of the Isles that are favourable to them And if to avoid that Peril they resolve to tarry for a fair Wind to sail along our Shores it will not happen once in thirty times that they will pass safely without striking by some ill Weather within our sight And tho' they should meet with such favourable Winds as to escape all the dangers of the Sea tho least advice we have of their Passage will enable us to cross it the more easily in that we may always put out to Sea and put in again without Peril whenever the Weather threatens us by reason of the Neighbourhood of our Ports which they dare not come near Thirty Gallies will offord your Majesly this advantage and if to such a Body you add 10 Gallions true Citadels of the Sea formidable to Gallies when they have a favourable Wind because their Body bears no proportion to the weakness of those light Ships and that they are not afraid of them even in the greatest Calms by reason that being provided with as good Guns as their Coursiers they are capable to do them a great deal of harm if they come too near them Tho the King of Spain should increase his Forces of one half in that Sea which he cannot do without a great Expence he would not be in a condition to repair the harm we could do him by reason of the Union of our Forces and the Division of his Such a Body may attempt any thing it may attack the Spanish Armies in their Ports when they are assembling there experience having convinc'd us in the retaking the Isles of St. Marguerit and St. Honorat that floating Fortresses prevail over the most secure of the Sea when Men know how to use them boldly By this means your Majesty will preserve the Liberty of the Princes of Italy who have been hitherto as it were Slaves to the King of Spain You will incourage those who have endeavour'd to cast off the Yoke of that Tyranny which they only bear because they cannot free themselves from it and foment the Faction of those who are Frenchmen in their Hearts The late King your Father having order'd Monsieur d' Alincourt to make reproaches to the Great Duke Ferdinand for having made a new engagement with Spain notwithstanding the Aliance he had contracted with him by the Marriage of the Queen your Mother The Great Duke after having given a patient hearing to what he said to him upon that subject made an answer which signify'd much in few words and which must be consider'd by your Majesty and by your Successors Had the King had forty Gallies at Marselles I would not have done what I have done The Passage Pignerol gives your Majesty into Italy being well preserv'd if you open another by Sea time and the steadiness which will be observ'd in your Councils the inconstancy of which is fear'd upon the account of the Levity of our Nation will alter the Hearts of many Italians or rather will incourage them to shew what they have been all along Italy is look'd upon as the Heart of the World and indeed it is the noblest part of the Empire of the Spaniards it is the place where they dread most be be attack'd and troubl'd and that in which it is most easie to obtain great advantages over them provided we go about it as we should do And consequently tho' one had no design to do them any harm nevertheless it is necessary to be in a condition to give them a Counter-stab so near the Heart whenever they shall attempt any thing against France that their Arms may no longer have strength enough to attempt any malicious designs against us That Force will not only keep Spain in Awe but it will oblige the Grand Seignior and his Subjects who only measure the Power of distant Kings by that which they have at Sea to be more careful than they have been hitherto to keep the Treaties they made with them Algier Tunis and all the Coast of Barbary will respect and fear your Power whereas they have despis'd it hitherto with an incredible infidelity In that case the Barbarians will either live willingly in Peace with your Majest's Subjects or if they are not so wise as to do it they will be compell'd to do that by Force which they have refused to do by Reason Whereas at present tho' we think we have no War with them we receive all the Evils of it and we neither enjoy Peace nor the advantage we oughtto reap by it We will find Calm and Safety in War which is very advantageous with Menwhose natural Infidility is so great that there is no way to avoid it but by Force It now remains to examine the Expence which will be necessary for the maintenance of the number of Ships above projected which tho never so great will be inconsiderable in comparison of the advantages we will receive by it And yet it may be done with two Millions and five hundered thousand Livers according as it will appear by the Settlement which will be inserted at the end of this Work SECTION VI. Which Treats of Trade as a dependency of the Power of the Sea and specifies those which aremost Conveniens IT is a Common but a very true saying that as States often are Inlarg'd by War so they are commonly inriched in time of Peace by Trade The Wealth of the Hollanders which properly speaking are only a handful of Men reduc'd into a Corner of the Earth in which there is nothing but Waters and Meadows is an Example and Proof of the usefulness of Trade which admits of no contestation Tho that Country produces nothing but Butter and Cheese yet they furnish all the Nations of Europe with the greatest part of what is necessary to them Navigation has made them so famous and so powerful throughout the whole World That after having made themselves Masters of the Trade of the East Indies to the prejudice of the Portugueze who had been long settled there they have cut out a great deal of Work for the Spaniards in the West Indies where they injoy the Major part of Brasil As in England the greatest part of those whose Circumstances are the least easy maintain themselves by common Fisherys the most Considerable drive a greater Trade in all the Parts of the World by the Manufactures of their Cloth and by the Sale of Lead Tynn and Sea Cole which are productions of their Country The Kingdom

Arms. The Naval Engagement in which 14 Gallies and 4 Ships of Dunkirk all retir'd into the Bay of Gattary under Five Land-Batteries not daring to keep the Sea before 19 of yours were all burnt or sunk with the loss of Five or Six Thousand Men of 500 Guns and a considerable Store of Ammunitions of War for the Relief of Fontarabia are great amends not for the Losses you sustain'd at St. Omer and Fontarabia which were not considerable but for the Gains you missed in not taking the said Places If to this Advantage we join that which you had before when your Arms made your Enemies lose in the Port of Passage 14 great Ships a great number of Guns Colours and all sorts of Ammunitions it will be found that if the Spaniards mark this Year as being favourable to them they esteem themselves happy when their Misfortunes are less than their Fears Finally the Combat of the Gallies perhaps the most famous that ever was fought at Sea where 15 of yours attack'd as many of Spain and fought them with so much advantage that your Enemies lost between Four and Five Thousand Men and Six Gallies among which the Admiral and two Patrones did not a little signalize that Action This Combat I say shews that the Prudence of your Conduct has not only been accompany'd with good Fortune but also that the Boldness of your Commanders has been seconded Several things are observable in this War The first thing is that your Majesty only engag'd into it because you could not avoid it and that you only laid down your Arms when it was proper so to do This Remark is the more glorious for your Majesty in that you were often sollicited by your Allies to take Arms and still refus'd to do it and that during the War your Enemies often propos'd a particular Peace to you which you would never hearken to because you could not forsake the Interest of your Allies Those who shall know that your Majesty has been forsaken by several Princes who were engag'd with you without abandoning any of them and that notwithstanding some of those who did remain steady in your Party fail'd you in many important things they have still receiv'd Effects from your Majesty suitable to your Promises those I say will acknowledge that if your Majesty's good Fortune has appear'd in the Success of your Affairs your Virtue equals your good Fortune I am sensible that had you broken your Word it would have lessen'd your Reputation considerably and that the least loss of that kind in a great Prince is irreparable But it is no small matter to have perform'd ones Duty in sundry occasions in which Vengeance and the Quiet which is naturally desir'd after a War induce one to do the contrary It requir'd no less Prudence than Force nor less Effort of Mind than of Arms to persist almost alone in the same Design which was to have been prosecuted by the Union of many Nevertheless it is most true that the Defection of several Princes of Germany that the Duke of Parma's being oblig'd to abandon your Party through the necessity of his Affairs that the Duke of Mantua's Death and the Levity of his Dowager-Mother to the Young Duke who was no sooner Mistress but forgetting all her Obligations to France she turn'd publickly against it that the Decease of the Duke of Savoy and the Imprudence of his Widow who lost her self because she would not receive the Assistance that was offer'd her I say it is most true that all these Accidents never shook your Majesty's Resolution and tho' they alter'd the state of your Affairs they did not hinder you from persisting in your Designs The Second Remark worthy of great Consideration on this Subject is That your Majesty never would condescend to free your self from the Perils of War by exposing Christendom to that of the Ottoman Arms which were often offer'd to you Your Majesty was not ignorant that you might have accepted such a Succours with Justice and yet that Knowledge could not prevail with you to take a Resolution dangerous for Religion but advantagious to obtain a Peace The Example of some of your Predecessors and of divers Princes of the House of Austria who do particularly affect to appear as Religious before God as they are in reality to their own Interests prov'd too weak to induce you to do that which History informs us has often been practis'd by others The Third Circumstance which has caus'd a great deal of Wonder in this War is the vast number of Armies and of Sums which were requir'd to sustain the same The greatest Princes on Earth having ever made a Difficulty of undertaking two Wars at once Posterity will have much a-do to believe that this Kingdom was capable to keep up separately and at their own Charge Three Land and Two Naval Armies besides those of their Allies towards the Subsistence of which they contributed considerably Yet it is most certain that besides a potent Army of 20000 Foot and between 6 and 7000 Horse which you kept all along in Picardy to attack your Enemies you had another in the same Province compos'd of 10000 Foot and 4000 Horse to defend the Entrance of that Frontier It is moreover true that you kept one all along in Champagne of the same Number with this last One in Burgundy of the same Strength One no less powerful in Germany Another as considerable in Italy and another in Valtelina at certain times And what is most to be admir'd the major part of them were design'd more to attack than to stand upon the Defensive Although your Predecessors despis'd the Sea to that degree that the late King your Father had not one Ship your Majesty nevertheless during the whole Course of this War kept 20 Gallies and 20 Ships in the Mediterranean and about 60 well Mann'd in the Ocean Which has not only prevented your Enemies Designs upon your Coasts but has done them as much Harm as they design'd to do us Moreover you have yearly assisted the Hollanders with 1200000 Livres and sometimes more and the Duke of Savoy with upwards of a Million The Crown of Sweden with the like Sum. The Landgrave of Hesse with 200000 Rixdollars and divers other Princes with divers other Sums according as occasions did require it By reason of which excessive Charges the Expences of every one of the Five Years during which France has supported that War has amounted to upwards of 60 Millions which is the more to be admir'd in that it has been done without taking the Sallary of Officers without touching the Revenue of private Persons and even without demanding any Alienation of the Fund of the Clergy all extraordinary means which your Predecessors have often been oblig'd to have recourse to in less considerable Wars Thus 60 Millions of Expence every one of those Five Years an Hundred and Fifty Thousand Foot both in your Armies and Garrisons and upwards of Thirty

State may receive considerable advantages by which it will be depriv'd of whenever those in favour of whom they may be made will think they can get no more Money out of them But so many robberys are committed under that Pretence that I am of opinion upon mature deliberation that it is better to lose some advantages which may accrue by it than to be thereby exposed to all the abuses which may be daily committed to the ruin of the State However not to Obstruct the means of making some secret Expences to the advantage of the State a million of Gold may be allowed for the said private expences on condition that the laying of it out shall be sign'd by the King himself and that those who shall have a share in it shall give acquittances for the same If any one urges that these Comptans are necessary for the remitments which are in use I say that it is one of the reasons for which it is fit to remove them Since Men have liv'd in former ages without the aforesaid Compians the same may be done again and if in laying aside the use of them the use of Farming were also abrogated instead of doing any harm it will do a great deal of good Some perhaps may wonder why since I know the use of the Comptans to be of ill consequence I did not retrench it in my time The great Henry was sensible of the evil establish'd in his Predecessor's time and could not remove it The Troubles and Intestine broils the foreign Wars and consequently the great Expences and the extraordinary Farms the King has been oblig'd to make and to let out to raise Money have not permitted the thinking on the Execution of so good an advice The ruining the Huguenot Party abating the Pride of the Grandees maintaining a great War against Powerful Enemys in order to secure the future Tranquillity of the State by a good Peace are all means which have been used to reach the ends proposed since that is the way to remove the Causes of the Toleration of those abuses The Subject of the Comptains having given me an occasion to speak of the letting out of extraordinary Farms I cannot forbear saying that the great augmentations of the revenue which may be made that way are so far from being advantageous to the State that on the Contrary they are very prejudicial and Inpoverish it instead of Inriching it Perhaps this proposition may be looked upon at first as a Paradox but it is impossible to examin it carefully without discovering the Justice and Truth thereof The King's Revenue can only be increas'd by the augmentation of the Impositions which are laid on all sorts of Commoditys and therefore it is evident that increasing the revenue that way Expences are increased at the same time since those things must be bought dearer which were bought cheaper before If Meat grows dearer if the Price of Stufs and of other things rises the Souldiers will not be able to maintain themselves and consequently it will be necessary to augment their Pay and the salary of all Workmen will be greater than it was before which will make the increase of the Expence answerable to the augmentation of the Revenue and tho it will be a great grievance to the People the Prince will be but very little the better for it Poor Gentlemen whose Estates consist in Land will not improve their Revenue by such Impositions the Fruits of the Earth will hardly rise in Price at least for their advantage and if the Times make them dear the less of them will be sold so that at the Year's end the poor Gentry will find no augmentation in their Revenue tho a very considerable one in their Expences by reason that the new subsidys will raise the Price of all those things which are necessary for the maintenance of their Families which they will make shift to maintain at home tho' poorly but they will be no longer able to send their Children into the Armies to serve their King and Country according to the obligation of their Birth If it be true as it is most certain that the sale of those Commodities which your Subjects deal in diminishes according to the increase of Impositions it may happen that such augmentations will lessen your Majesties Duties instead of increasing them If we consider such as are imploy'd in the Kingdom it is certain that when Goods are at a reasonable price People buy and really spend more than when the price of them is excessive for then they retrench even those which are most necessary If on the other hand we consider those Commodities which are carry'd out of the Kingdom it is plain that Foreigners who have hitherto been incourag'd to buy them because they were cheap will provide their stores elsewhere if they can better themselves which will leave France abounding in the Fruirs of the Earth but unprovided of Money whereas the Impositions being moderate the great quantity of Fruits which will be Exported by Foreigners will recompense the loss some may fancy by the moderation of Subsidies Moreover the increase of Impositions is capable to reduce a considerable number of the King's Subjects to idleness since it is certain that the major part of the poor People and Workmen imploy'd in Manusactures will rather be idle and do nothing than consume their whole life in an ungrateful useless labour if the unreasonableness of the Subsidies hindering the sale of the Fruits of the Earth and of their Labour hinders them at the same time from receiving what they have earn'd by the sweat of their Body To resume the thred of my Discourse after having condemn'd the abuse of the Comtans and demonstrated that the augmentation of Subsidies is sometimes not only uselss but often prejudicial I say that there ought to be a Geometrical proportion between the Subsidies and the necessities of the State that is that no Impositions ought to be made but such as are absolutely necessary for the subsistance of the Kingdom in its Grandeur and Glory Those last words signifie much since they show not only that it is lawful to raise that upon the People which is requisite to preserve the Kingdom whatever condition it may be in but also to raise that which may be necessary to maintain it with Lustre and Reputation Nevertheless care must be taken not to extend those last conditions so far as to think that the Prince's bare Will should be under that pretence the Rule of those Impositions Reason must be the only Rule in those cases and if the Prince exceeds those bounds exacting more from his Subjects than he ought to do tho' even in that case they owe him Obedience he will be answerable for it before God who will call him to a strict account for the same Moreover Reason and Policy can never allow the increasing of the Peoples burthen to receive no benefit by it those that do it draw publick Maledictions