good_a with_o the_o good_a bad_a with_o the_o bad_a hence_o the_o author_n of_o the_o fragment_n after_o censorinus_n de_fw-fr die_fw-fr natal_n stella_fw-la mercurii_n fit_a similis_fw-la illi_fw-la quam_fw-la videt_fw-la maia_n son_n place_v under_o these_o betwixt_o magna_fw-la betwixt_o venus_n in_o hebrew_a be_v call_v nogah_n i._n e._n lux._n the_o name_n venus_n come_v from_o the_o hebrew_n word_n benot_n by_o the_o change_n of_o the_o first_o and_o last_o letter_n as_o mr._n selden_n de_fw-fr diis_fw-la syris_n syntagm_n 2._o c._n 7._o and_o vossius_fw-la idololatr_n l._n 2._o c._n 22._o derive_v it_o by_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n phosphorus_n seu_fw-la lucifer_n when_o she_o be_v the_o morning_n star_n as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n hesperus_n vesper_n and_o vesperugo_n when_o she_o be_v the_o evening_n star_n by_o timaeus_n locrus_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n junonis_fw-la astrum_n the_o egyptian_n call_v her_o suroth_n the_o chaldean_n spharphara_n and_o astaroth_n by_o the_o arab_n name_v elzahare_v and_o chabar_n i._n e._n magna_fw-la venus_n and_o the_o schendra_n the_o this_o planet_n or_o luminary_n be_v in_o hebrew_n call_v lebanah_n or_o laneah_n from_o its_o white_a colour_n by_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o renew_n of_o its_o light_n she_o be_v by_o they_o likewise_o honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o gaulmin_n notis_fw-la in_o psellum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o latin_n luna_n quasi_fw-la lucuna_n or_o lucina_n the_o middle_a syllable_n be_v cast_v away_o as_o isidor_n origin_n l._n 8._o and_o before_o he_o cicero_n the_o natur._n deorum_fw-la l._n 2._o luna_fw-la à _fw-la lucendo_fw-la eadem_fw-la enim_fw-la lucina_n or_o as_o vâ—…ssius_n idololatr_n l._n 2._o derive_v it_o from_o a_o oriental_a original_a luna_fw-la potius_fw-la à _fw-la lon_n i._n e._n pernoctavit_fw-la and_o metaleptical_o quieâ—…it_n in_o regard_n as_o the_o sun_n be_v precedent_n of_o the_o day_n labour_n so_o the_o moon_n be_v surintendent_a of_o the_o night_n rest_n and_o quiet_a by_o the_o egyptian_a copy_n call_v isis_n pcochos_n actâ—…phcom_n i._n e._n domina_fw-la maris_fw-la &_o humidorum_fw-la by_o the_o chaldean_n schaâ—…ro_n by_o the_o persian_n anaiâ—…is_n by_o the_o arab_n alkamer_n and_o abilat_fw-la and_o alitta_n by_o the_o indian_n adore_v under_o the_o name_n of_o schendra_n moon_n other_o there_o be_v too_o of_o less_o usual_a kind_n for_o sudden_a flame_n stream_v through_o sky_n we_o find_v and_o time_n more_o rare_a have_v comet_n see_v to_o blaze_v mâ—…teors_n comet_n and_o â—…iery_a mâ—…teors_n exstinction_n mâ—…teors_n according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a belief_n who_o conceive_v comet_n to_o be_v forerunner_n of_o great_a trouble_n and_o commotion_n by_o which_o manilius_n here_o signalise_v their_o exstinction_n and_o loose_a midst_n mighty_a stir_v their_o threaten_a ray_n whither_o as_o 3._o as_o allude_v to_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o who_o hold_v comet_n to_o be_v generate_v of_o elementary_a matter_n that_o be_v of_o exhalation_n and_o vapour_n the_o first_o from_o the_o earth_n hot_a and_o dry_a the_o other_o from_o the_o water_n hot_a moist_a and_o unctuous_a carry_v by_o their_o lightness_n above_o the_o airy_a region_n where_o compact_v they_o be_v by_o motion_n of_o the_o superior_a orb_n set_v on_o fire_n of_o which_o opinion_n be_v aristotle_n and_o his_o follower_n and_o differ_v only_o as_o to_o place_n galileo_n 〈◊〉_d guiduceius_fw-la and_o some_o other_o see_v gassendus_fw-la tom._n 1._o part_n 2._o p._n 702._o and_o ricciolus_n in_o almage_a nou._n tom._n 1._o l._n 8._o and_o fromond_n meteorolog_n l._n 3._o earth_n transpire_v its_o native_a fume_n those_o humid_a spirit_n the_o hot_a air_n consume_v original_a their_o original_a when_o a_o long_a drought_n from_o cloud_n have_v clear_v the_o sky_n and_o heaven_n by_o the_o sun_n scorch_a beam_n grow_v dry_a whence_o fit_v aliment_n be_v snatch_v by_o fire_n and_o matter_n like_v to_o tinder_n flame_n acquire_v and_o since_o the_o principle_n which_o air_n compose_v be_v not_o gross_a body_n but_o like_o smoke_n that_o flow_v the_o fiery_a substance_n be_v not_o permanent_a but_o with_o the_o comet_n magnus_n comet_n touch_v the_o duration_n of_o comet_n pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 25._o make_v the_o short_a to_o be_v septem_fw-la dierum_fw-la the_o long_a octâ—…ginta_n or_o rather_o as_o muretus_n conceive_v the_o text_n of_o pliny_n ought_v to_o be_v read_v c._n &_o octâ—…ginta_n a_o 180_o day_n which_o emendation_n tycho_n brahe_n progymn_n l._n 1._o p._n 273_o though_o scaliger_n seem_v to_o disallow_v it_o approve_v of_o and_o so_o long_a seneca_n natural_a quaest_n l._n 7._o affirm_v the_o duration_n of_o one_o see_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o nero_n reign_n josephus_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la judaico_fw-la l._n 7._o report_n one_o to_o have_v continue_v a_o whâ—…le_a year_n a_o little_a before_o the_o destruction_n of_o jerusalem_n in_o the_o form_n of_o that_o which_o be_v call_v xiphias_n or_o the_o sword_n comet_n but_o this_o tycho_n conceive_v to_o have_v be_v supernatural_a and_o extraordinary_a so_o that_o the_o long_a duration_n of_o comet_n their_o ordinary_n not_o extend_v to_o half_a that_o space_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v above_o six_o month_n of_o which_o coâ—…tinuance_n we_o find_v in_o history_n only_o three_o the_o first_o that_o of_o nero_n beforementioned_a in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 64._o the_o second_o in_o the_o year_n 603._o not_o long_o before_o the_o appearrance_n of_o the_o impostor_n mahomet_n and_o the_o last_o in_o the_o year_n 1240._o observe_v by_o albertus_n magnus_n soon_o as_o kindle_v spend_v else_o if_o its_o rise_n and_o fall_n be_v not_o so_o nigh_o we_o shall_v another_o day_n in_o night_n descry_v and_o the_o couched_a sun_n when_o from_o the_o watery_a deep_a return_v will_v the_o whole_a world_n surprise_v in_o sleep_n then_o since_o the_o arid_a vapour_n be_v not_o use_v to_o be_v alike_o attract_v or_o diffuse_v hence_o cometis_n hence_o the_o word_n comet_n though_o when_o strict_o take_v it_o signify_v stellam_fw-la crinitam_fw-la and_o sidus_n cincinnatum_fw-la yet_o in_o a_o large_a sense_n it_o be_v use_v as_o a_o common_a and_o general_a name_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o fiery_a meteor_n of_o which_o pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 25._o reckon_v twelve_o several_a specâ—…es_n viz._n cometa_fw-la pogonias_fw-la acontias_n xiphias_n disceus_n pithete_n ceratias_fw-la lampas_n hippeus_n argenticomus_fw-la hircus_fw-la longchites_n seu_fw-la hastâ—…_n divers_a of_o which_o be_v by_o our_o poet_n here_o enumerate_v who_o explanation_n we_o shall_v give_v in_o the_o follow_a note_n and_o shall_v only_o add_v the_o distinction_n which_o be_v make_v by_o a_o reverend_n and_o learned_a author_n upon_o this_o subject_a who_o will_v have_v such_o meteor_n to_o be_v peculiar_o call_v comet_n as_o be_v super-lunary_n and_o have_v as_o he_o say_v proprium_fw-la aetherium_fw-la geometricum_fw-la motum_fw-la qualis_fw-la esse_fw-la solet_fw-la planetarum_fw-la to_o the_o other_o he_o give_v the_o name_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o have_v some_o resemblance_n with_o but_o differ_v as_o to_o their_o motion_n place_n and_o other_o affection_n from_o comet_n proper_o so_o call_v their_o birth_n and_o existence_n be_v within_o the_o sublunary_a sphere_n vide_fw-la d._n setb_n wardi_fw-la praelect_a de_fw-fr cometis_n several_a shape_v to_o meteor_n be_v assign_v kind_n their_o several_a kind_n as_o in_o dark_a night_n their_o sudden_a birth_n they_o find_v for_o now_o like_o long_a hair_n flow_v from_o some_o head_n the_o flame_n be_v in_o dishevel_v rosa._n dishevel_v these_o kind_n of_o meteor_n be_v by_o the_o greek_n proper_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n stellae_fw-la crinitae_n seu_fw-la cincinnatae_fw-la as_o be_v before_o note_v who_o blaze_n rise_v upward_o above_o the_o head_n or_o body_n of_o the_o comet_n whence_o pliny_n call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d modo_fw-la in_o vertice_fw-la hispidas_fw-la but_o when_o the_o cheveleure_n be_v round_o about_o equal_o diffuse_v than_o the_o comet_n be_v call_v rosa._n tress_n spread_v cincinnata_n cometa_fw-la or_o stella_fw-la cincinnata_n then_o what_o a_o fiery_a peruke_n first_o appear_v assume_v the_o figure_n of_o a_o blaze_a 〈◊〉_d blaze_a thence_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n barbata_n from_o the_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n barba_n which_o the_o vulgar_a distinguish_v not_o from_o that_o which_o be_v call_v caudata_n as_o fromondus_n observe_v l._n 3._o c._n 4._o that_o difference_n be_v cause_v only_o by_o its_o respect_n to_o the_o sun_n for_o if_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o morning_n before_o the_o sun-rise_n it_o seem_v beard_v the_o blaze_n tend_v in_o anteriora_fw-la before_o the_o sun_n
duo_fw-la ad_fw-la astronomos_fw-la the_o first_o touch_v a_o new_a star_n in_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o whale_n appear_v at_o some_o time_n at_o other_o disappear_v the_o other_o touch_v a_o cloudy_a star_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o andromeda_n girdle_n not_o discover_v by_o any_o of_o the_o ancient_n sometime_o appear_v and_o sometime_o not_o which_o phaenomena_n he_o recommend_v to_o the_o observation_n of_o all_o curious_a astronomer_n francisco_n generini_fw-la set_v forth_o in_o italian_a the_o design_n of_o a_o 1645._o move_a globe_n compose_v by_o he_o to_o demonstrate_v the_o diurnal_a and_o annual_a motion_n of_o the_o moon_n together_o with_o the_o inequality_n of_o day_n to_o which_o be_v annex_v a_o discourse_n of_o natural_a and_o artificial_a hour_n declare_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o say_a author_n touch_v the_o say_a invention_n and_o a_o account_n of_o many_o other_o operation_n to_o be_v wrought_v by_o the_o say_a globe_n beside_o those_o before_o mention_v print_v at_o florence_n in_o 4_o o._n 1645._o johannes_n bainbridge_n sometime_o savilian_a professor_n of_o astronomy_n 1645._o in_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n write_v a_o treatise_n of_o the_o dog-star_n and_o of_o the_o canicular_a day_n publish_v by_o mr._n graves_n together_o with_o a_o demonstration_n of_o the_o heliacal_a rise_n of_o sirius_n or_o the_o dog-star_n for_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o low_a egypt_n print_v at_o oxford_n in_o the_o year_n 1648._o he_o write_v likewise_o of_o the_o comet_n in_o 1618._o and_o publish_v procli_n sphaera_fw-la with_o ptolemy_n chronological_a canon_n athanasius_n kircherus_n a_o jesuit_n native_a of_o buchon_n within_o 1645._o the_o territory_n of_o the_o abbot_n of_o fulda_n in_o germany_n sometime_o professor_n of_o the_o oriental_a language_n in_o which_o by_o ricciolus_n he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v ad_fw-la stuporem_fw-la usque_fw-la peritus_fw-la as_o also_o of_o mathematics_n at_o wirtsberg_n and_o avignon_n afterward_o ordinary_a professor_n of_o mathematics_n in_o the_o jesuit_n college_n at_o rome_n have_v in_o most_o of_o his_o work_n treat_v large_o upon_o the_o subject_a of_o astronomy_n as_o in_o his_o oedipus_n aegyptiacus_n where_o christum_fw-la he_o display_v systematica_fw-la mundorum_fw-la sive_fw-la de_fw-la mundo_fw-la mundorúmque_fw-la varietate_fw-la ex_fw-la ment_fw-la aegyptiorum_n de_fw-fr astrologia_fw-la aegyptiorum_n &_o chaldaeorum_n hieroglyphica_fw-la and_o more_o particular_o in_o his_o musurgia_n where_o he_o treat_v de_fw-fr coelorum_fw-la symphonismo_fw-la de_fw-fr admiranda_fw-la mundanorum_fw-la corporum_fw-la ad_fw-la inuicem_fw-la proportione_fw-la de_fw-fr particulari_fw-la symphonismo_fw-la planetarum_fw-la de_fw-fr choro_fw-la joviali_fw-la de_fw-fr choro_fw-la solari_n &_o martio_n de_fw-fr harmonia_n stellarum_fw-la fixarum_fw-la in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr magnete_n where_o he_o full_o handle_v the_o subject_a of_o magnetic_a astronomy_n under_o the_o several_a head_n of_o sphaera_fw-la magnetica_fw-la uranographia_fw-la sciotherico-magnetica_a and_o horologiographia_fw-la magnetica_fw-la in_o his_o book_n entitle_v ars_fw-la magna_fw-la lucis_fw-la &_o umbrae_n wherein_o beside_o his_o various_a horography_n he_o treat_v de_fw-fr astrolabiographia_fw-la &_o geographia_fw-la gnomonica_n gnomonica_n physico-astrologica_a de_n arte_fw-la anacamptica_fw-la sive_fw-la astronomia_fw-la reflexa_fw-la de_fw-fr arte_fw-la anaclastica_fw-la sive_fw-la astronomia_fw-la refracta_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr cosmometria_n gnomonica_n hoc_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-fr mundi_fw-la lucumbris_fw-la dimensione_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o in_o his_o itinerarium_fw-la ecstaticum_fw-la coeleste_fw-la in_o which_o to_o express_v he_o in_o his_o own_o word_n mundi_fw-la opificium_fw-la i._n e._n caelestis_fw-la expansi_fw-la siderúmque_fw-la tà m_fw-la errantium_fw-la quam_fw-la fixorum_fw-la natura_fw-la vires_fw-la proprietates_fw-la singulorumque_fw-la compositio_fw-la &_o structura_fw-la ab_fw-la infimo_fw-la telluris_fw-la globo_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la ultima_fw-la mundi_fw-la confinia_fw-la perfecti_fw-la raptus_fw-la integumentum_fw-la explorata_fw-la nouà _fw-la hypothesi_fw-la exponitur_fw-la ad_fw-la veritatem_fw-la print_v at_o rome_n 1656._o johannes_n de_fw-fr epieres_fw-fr doctor_n of_o divinity_n and_o grand_a prior_n of_o 1645._o the_o monastery_n of_o aquicintinum_fw-la put_v forth_o a_o universal_a calendar_n wherein_o he_o propose_v a_o easy_a method_n for_o find_v out_o the_o golden_a number_n epact_n dominical_a letter_n movable_a feast_n and_o indiction_n for_o any_o year_n propose_v and_o promise_v a_o large_a work_n under_o the_o title_n of_o astronomia_fw-la aquicinctina_fw-la which_o whether_o ever_o publish_v do_v not_o yet_o appear_v to_o i_o dirk_n rembrantz_n in_o his_o netherlandish_a astronomy_n treat_v of_o planet-wisers_a 1646._o and_o give_v the_o reader_n a_fw-fr eclipsigraphia_fw-la show_v when_o a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n happen_v what_o and_o how_o great_a a_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v obscure_v thereby_o robertus_fw-la dudley_n a_o englishman_n know_v abroad_o especial_o in_o 1646._o italy_n by_o the_o pretend_a title_n of_o duke_n of_o northumberland_n publish_v three_o volume_n in_o folio_n entitle_v arcano_n del_o mare_n in_o which_o be_v sea-chart_n direction_n for_o the_o build_n of_o galley_n and_o a_o description_n of_o many_o planetary_a instrument_n samuel_n foster_n a_o learned_a professor_n of_o astronomy_n in_o gresham-colledge_n 1646._o contrive_v several_a ingenious_a planetary_a instrument_n publish_v afterward_o in_o his_o posthumous_n miscellany_n silvio_n philomantio_n a_o italian_a under_o that_o feign_a name_n and_o 1646._o in_o that_o language_n put_v forth_o ruota_fw-la planetaria_fw-la which_o ricciolus_n ascribe_v to_o bonaventura_n cavallerio_n philippus_n labbee_n a_o learned_a french_a jesuit_n native_a of_o bourges_n en_fw-fr 1647._o berry_n put_v forth_o in_o his_o own_o language_n l'abbregé_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr sphere_n be_v a_o compendious_a treatise_n of_o the_o sphere_n reduce_v by_o a_o easy_a and_o short_a method_n into_o xii_o chapter_n with_o some_o important_a advertisement_n thereupon_o print_v in_o the_o year_n 1647._o jacobus_fw-la usserius_fw-la the_o late_a most_o learned_a and_o reverend_a archbishop_n 1648._o of_o armagh_n publish_v a_o dissertation_n of_o the_o macedonian_a and_o asiatic_a solar_a year_n together_o with_o a_o parapegma_n of_o greek_a astronomer_n accommodate_v to_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o macedonian_a and_o julian_n year_n vide_fw-la voss._n l._n de_fw-fr scient_a mathemat_n gothofredus_fw-la wendelinus_n canon_n of_o the_o collegiate_n 1648._o church_n of_o conde_n in_o flanders_n publish_v idaea_n atlanticarum_fw-la tabularum_fw-la ground_v christum_fw-la upon_o the_o observation_n of_o divers_a eclipse_n he_o set_v forth_o likewise_o lampas_n arcanorum_fw-la coelestium_fw-la and_o write_v upon_o several_a other_o astronomical_a subject_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o his_o epistle_n to_o gassendus_fw-la and_o those_o of_o gassendus_fw-la to_o he_o publish_v in_o his_o work_n aegidius_n matroptus_fw-la compose_v something_o of_o the_o sphere_n &_o 1648._o machinationem_fw-la conversionibus_fw-la secundorum_fw-la mobilium_fw-la repraesentandis_fw-la commend_v by_o gassendus_fw-la in_o his_o epistle_n claudius_z salmasius_n have_v signalise_v his_o name_n by_o divers_a 1648._o learned_a work_n have_v also_o endeavour_v to_o give_v honour_n thereto_o by_o his_o diatribe_n de_fw-fr annis_n climactericis_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr antiqua_fw-la astrologia_fw-la print_v at_o leiden_fw-mi 1648._o he_o have_v intersperse_v likewise_o in_o his_o plinian_n exercitation_n sundry_a astronomical_a argument_n and_o some_o critical_a observation_n upon_o manilius_n but_o such_o as_o be_v now_o and_o then_o severe_o meet_v with_o by_o petavius_n in_o uranolog_n mr._n william_n oughtre_v a_o 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university_n of_o pisa_n a_o most_o expert_a mathematician_n put_v forth_o many_o learned_a piece_n among_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v these_o anti-tycho_n in_o defence_n of_o the_o sublunary_a place_n of_o comet_n with_o its_o apology_n and_o supplement_n but_o answer_v by_o kepler_n in_o his_o hyperaspistes_n of_o three_o new_a star_n against_o the_o opinion_n of_o tycho_n brahe_n which_o be_v yet_o defend_v by_o galileo_n in_o his_o mundane_a system_n and_o xvi_o book_n de_n universo_fw-it anno_fw-la publish_v in_o the_o year_n 1644_o as_o also_o a_o particular_a treatise_n de_fw-fr phasibus_fw-la lunae_fw-la geometrical_o demonstrate_v and_o another_o entitle_v anti-philolaus_n he_o
the_o second_o place_n be_v that_o of_o porphyrius_n and_o some_o other_o platonist_n before_o mention_v agree_v in_o all_o but_o this_o that_o whereas_o plato_n immediate_o above_o the_o sun_n place_v mercury_n and_o then_o venus_n they_o immediate_o above_o the_o sun_n place_v venus_n and_o then_o mercury_n above_o she_o of_o which_o last_n macrobius_n lib._n 1._o in_o somn._fw-la scip._n c._n 3._o give_v this_o account_n the_o late_a platonist_n say_v he_o repudiate_v the_o dintension_n of_o archimedes_n as_o not_o observe_v double_a and_o triple_a interval_n for_o they_o hold_v that_o what_o be_v the_o distance_n or_o interval_n from_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o moon_n the_o same_o be_v double_a from_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o earth_n to_o venus_n be_v triple_a to_o that_o from_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o sun_n and_o from_o the_o earth_n to_o mercury_n four_o time_n that_o from_o the_o earth_n to_o venus_n and_o how_o far_o the_o distance_n 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the_o sun_n about_o who_o as_o their_o centre_n first_o mercury_n than_o venus_n be_v suppose_v to_o move_v in_o epicycle_n above_o these_o mars_n next_o jupiter_n and_o then_o saturn_n of_o this_o system_n thus_o macrobius_n in_o somn._fw-la scipion._n l._n 1._o c._n 19_o the_o egyptian_a subtlety_n be_v not_o without_o reason_n which_o be_v this_o the_o circle_n wherein_o the_o sun_n run_v his_o course_n be_v surround_v with_o the_o circle_n of_o mercury_n as_o interior_n and_o by_o that_o of_o venus_n as_o exterior_a and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o these_o two_o star_n when_o they_o be_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o their_o circle_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v above_o the_o sun_n but_o when_o they_o be_v in_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o their_o orb_n or_o circle_n the_o sun_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v above_o they_o those_o therefore_o who_o affirm_v the_o sphere_n of_o these_o planet_n to_o be_v under_o the_o sun_n be_v persuade_v to_o believe_v it_o from_o this_o appearance_n of_o their_o course_n when_o they_o run_v in_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o their_o orbit_n which_o be_v more_o remarkable_a and_o more_o clear_o discernible_a for_o when_o they_o be_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o their_o circle_n they_o be_v more_o conceal_v and_o therefore_o this_o persuasion_n of_o they_o have_v prevail_v and_o according_o the_o order_n of_o those_o planet_n have_v be_v receive_v almost_o by_o all_o person_n but_o more_o perspicacious_a observation_n discover_v this_o better_a order_n and_o just_o do_v he_o style_v it_o a_o perspicacious_a observation_n which_o so_o many_o age_n since_o by_o the_o only_a sagacity_n of_o wit_n so_o clear_o discover_v what_o we_o find_v now_o real_o detect_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o telescope_n and_o therefore_o ricciolus_n say_v of_o this_o system_n that_o it_o be_v pulcherrimum_n ac_fw-la pro_fw-la hac_fw-la quidem_fw-la parte_fw-la verissimum_fw-la systema_fw-la we_o come_v now_o to_o the_o most_o celebrious_a and_o at_o this_o day_n most_o general_o receive_v mundane_a system_n from_o its_o reviver_n call_v the_o copernican_n but_o owe_v its_o original_n to_o the_o samian_n and_o italic_a school_n as_o be_v propose_v and_o assert_v in_o the_o one_o by_o philolaus_n of_o crotona_n in_o the_o other_o by_o aristarchus_n samius_n both_o pythagorean_n whence_o it_o be_v call_v the_o second_o pythagorick_a system_n as_o differ_v from_o the_o former_a before_o describe_v that_o fix_v the_o earth_n immovable_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o world_n this_o on_o the_o contrary_n give_v to_o the_o earth_n not_o only_o a_o diurnal_a motion_n about_o its_o axis_n but_o also_o a_o annual_a about_o the_o sun_n as_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o universe_n a_o hypothesis_n not_o unknown_a to_o the_o roman_n and_o therefore_o seneca_n in_o his_o natural_a question_n lib._n 7._o propose_v it_o as_o a_o thing_n necessary_a to_o be_v discuss_v to_o know_v whether_o the_o earth_n stand_v still_o the_o heaven_n be_v move_v about_o it_o or_o the_o heaven_n stand_v still_o the_o earth_n be_v carry_v round_o and_o again_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n worthy_a contemplation_n to_o be_v assure_v say_v he_o in_o what_o condition_n we_o be_v whether_o in_o a_o seat_n of_o all_o other_o most_o slow_a or_o the_o most_o swift_a whether_o god_n turn_v all_o thing_n about_o we_o or_o we_o ourselves_o be_v turn_v about_o this_o system_n about_o two_o age_n since_o be_v resuscitate_v from_o oblivion_n and_o the_o grave_a by_o cardinal_n cusanus_fw-la but_o imperfect_o until_o copernicus_n come_v and_o give_v it_o a_o perfect_a consummation_n follow_v by_o the_o great_a wit_n of_o this_o and_o the_o forego_n age_n to_o wit_n georgius_n joachimus_fw-la rheticus_fw-la moestlinus_n rothmannus_n stevinus_n kepler_n galileo_n schickardus_n jordanus_n brunus_n coelius_n calcagninus_n didacus_n astunica_fw-la foscarinus_n herigonus_n renatus_n des_fw-mi cartes_n lansbergius_n bullialdus_n antonius_n laurentius_n politianus_n wendelinus_n and_o gassendus_fw-la lansbergius_n and_o bullialdus_n only_o differ_v in_o this_o from_o copernicus_n that_o they_o allow_v to_o the_o fix_a star_n a_o proper_a motion_n which_o copernicus_n deny_v take_v the_o same_o represent_v in_o the_o follow_a scheme_n systema_fw-la philolai_n et_fw-fr copernici_n 4_o in_o this_o system_n we_o may_v perceive_v the_o sun_n place_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n next_o above_o he_o mercury_n finish_v his_o course_n in_o the_o space_n of_o eighty_o day_n or_o thereabouts_o then_o venus_n make_v her_o revolution_n in_o nine_o month_n time_n above_o she_o the_o earth_n with_o the_o elementary_a sphere_n in_o the_o annual_a orb_n which_o it_o run_v through_o in_o 365._o day_n and_o half_a by_o a_o motion_n from_o west_n to_o east_n that_o be_v in_o the_o same_o circle_n wherein_o the_o egyptian_a and_o ptolemaick_a system_n place_n the_o sun_n beside_o which_o annual_a motion_n copernicus_n assign_v to_o the_o earth_n a_o diurnal_a 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jupiter_n
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though_o kepler_n be_v something_o positive_a concludendum_fw-la videtur_fw-la say_v he_o in_o not._n ad_fw-la appendic_n selenograph_n in_o luna_fw-la creaturas_fw-la esse_fw-la viventes_fw-la rationis_fw-la ad_fw-la ordinata_fw-la facienda_fw-la capaces_fw-la the_o like_a be_v affirm_v by_o he_o as_o to_o the_o other_o planet_n nay_o the_o sun_n itself_o touch_v which_o last_o in_o the_o epilogue_n to_o his_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr mundi_fw-la harmonia_n he_o break_v out_o into_o this_o expression_n well_fw-mi sensus_fw-la ipsi_fw-la exclamant_fw-la ignea_fw-la hic_fw-la habitare_fw-la corpora_fw-la mentium_fw-la simplicâ—…um_fw-la capacia_fw-la veréque_fw-la solemn_a esse_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d si_fw-mi non_fw-la regem_fw-la at_o saltem_fw-la regiam_fw-la this_o can_v perhaps_o seem_v more_o strange_a to_o some_o than_o the_o follow_a assertion_n to_o other_o which_o maintain_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v the_o paradise_n wherein_o our_o first_o parent_n be_v create_v and_o 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such_o rising_z here_o and_o there_o with_o extuberate_v hill_n and_o mountain_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o this_o earthly_a globe_n of_o we_o be_v like_o that_o a_o opacous_a body_n and_o receive_v its_o illumination_n from_o the_o sun_n whence_o at_o several_a time_n it_o be_v see_v under_o several_a phase_n or_o appearance_n for_o in_o its_o great_a digression_n from_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v never_o above_o 28°_n it_o appear_v dichotomous_a but_o when_o he_o be_v retrograde_a and_o approach_v to_o a_o opposition_n with_o the_o sun_n he_o appear_v in_o a_o figure_n like_o that_o of_o the_o new_a moon_n when_o distant_a about_o 60°_n degree_n from_o the_o sun_n though_o this_o phasis_n be_v very_o rare_o discern_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o small_a digression_n from_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o quick_a vibration_n of_o his_o ray_n whence_o by_o the_o greek_n he_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o vivacity_n of_o his_o light_n exceed_v that_o of_o venus_n and_o jupiter_n and_o thence_o impede_v the_o sight_n from_o right_o behold_v that_o phaenomenon_n unless_o fortify_v by_o a_o excellent_a telescope_n as_o likewise_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a refraction_n make_v by_o vapour_n near_o the_o horizon_n especial_o in_o climate_n more_o oblique_o posit_v as_o be_v note_v by_o regiomontanus_n and_o copernicus_n who_o for_o that_o reason_n can_v never_o be_v so_o happy_a as_o due_o to_o observe_v these_o mercurial_a phase_n riccciolus_fw-la in_fw-la astr._n reform_v l._n 10._o report_v that_o he_o together_o with_o franciscus_n maria_n grimaldi_n in_o the_o year_n 1643._o the_o five_o of_o march_n when_o mercury_n be_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o his_o epicycle_n and_o vespertine_n at_o 15°_n of_o elongation_n from_o the_o sun_n behold_v he_o in_o a_o gibbous_a figure_n like_o the_o moon_n when_o more_o than_o half_a full_a the_o like_a in_o the_o year_n 1656._o december_n 16_o the_o in_o the_o year_n 1643._o august_n 25_o the_o the_o 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one_o to_o be_v the_o liquid_a or_o watery_a part_n thereof_o which_o by_o their_o successive_a motion_n likewise_o evince_v that_o he_o have_v a_o vertiginous_a rotation_n about_o its_o own_o axis_n determine_v within_o the_o space_n of_o six_o hour_n or_o thereabouts_o as_o rheita_n affirm_v as_o to_o its_o distance_n from_o the_o earth_n the_o same_o be_v by_o tycho_n compute_v to_o be_v in_o its_o great_a distance_n 1660._o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o its_o mean_a distance_n 1150._o in_o its_o least_n 630._o but_o according_a to_o the_o calculation_n of_o ricciolus_n in_o its_o great_a distance_n 10868._o semidiameter_n in_o its_o mean_a 8057._o in_o its_o least_n 5246._o it_o be_v apparent_a diameter_n in_o its_o mean_a distance_n be_v by_o tycho_n compute_v to_o be_v 2′_n 10″_n by_o ricciolus_n in_o its_o great_a distance_n to_o be_v only_a 9″_n in_o its_o least_o distance_n 25″_n it_o be_v true_a magnitude_n according_a to_o ricciolus_n suppose_v its_o mean_a 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obvious_a phaenomenon_n they_o observe_v she_o likewise_o to_o differ_v in_o magnitude_n appear_v sometime_o great_a sometime_o less_o sometime_o of_o a_o mean_a or_o middle_a size_n whence_o they_o conclude_v she_o to_o approach_v sometime_o near_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o be_v in_o perigaeo_n at_o other_o time_n to_o recede_v further_o from_o it_o and_o to_o be_v in_o apogaeo_n and_o this_o be_v the_o second_o phaenomenon_n but_o not_o common_o observe_v or_o obvious_a to_o all._n as_o to_o her_o rise_n and_o set_v they_o observe_v that_o she_o be_v never_o so_o remote_a from_o the_o sun_n as_o that_o she_o ever_o set_v cosmical_o or_o rise_v acronychally_n that_o be_v that_o she_o the_o sun_n rise_v in_o the_o eastern_a horizon_n never_o set_v at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o the_o west_n or_o the_o sun_n set_v in_o the_o west_n never_o rise_v at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o the_o east_n for_o venus_n can_v be_v oppose_v diametrical_o to_o the_o sun_n in_o regard_n she_o never_o digress_v from_o he_o above_o 48°_n or_o thereabouts_o whence_o venus_n rise_v in_o the_o morning_n heliacal_o that_o be_v emerge_v out_o of_o the_o sun_n beam_n under_o which_o she_o lay_v hide_v digress_v more_o and_o more_o from_o he_o and_o he_o rise_v appear_v high_a and_o high_o above_o the_o horizon_n until_o she_o come_v to_o the_o term_n of_o her_o great_a digression_n aforesaid_a thence_o reapproach_v the_o sun_n be_v hide_v in_o the_o morning_n heliacal_o that_o be_v be_v obscure_v under_o the_o sun_n beam_n until_o such_o time_n as_o emerge_v heliacal_o in_o the_o evening_n she_o rise_v the_o sun_n set_v high_o and_o high_a above_o the_o horizon_n until_o she_o come_v to_o the_o aforesaid_a term_n of_o her_o great_a elongation_n which_o pass_v she_o again_o approach_v towards_o the_o sun_n until_o such_o time_n as_o in_o the_o evening_n she_o set_v heliacal_o and_o this_o be_v the_o three_o phoenomenon_n observable_a by_o all_o but_o note_v only_o by_o the_o curious_a say_v schottus_n in_o praelus_fw-la in_o vener_n in_o itiner_n exstat_fw-la kircheri_fw-la beside_o these_o observation_n of_o the_o ancient_n modern_a astronomer_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o telescope_n have_v note_v several_a other_o signal_n phaenomena_n as_o that_o she_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o variety_n of_o change_n as_o the_o moon_n sometime_o almost_o full_a at_o other_o time_n gibbous_a and_o now_o and_o then_o horn_a as_o well_o when_o she_o be_v vespertine_n as_o matutine_v manifest_v by_o the_o various_a observation_n of_o galileo_n scheinerus_n fontana_n hortensius_n keplerus_n rheita_n gassendus_fw-la and_o hevelius_n she_o be_v sometime_o likewise_o see_v by_o day_n at_o which_o time_n according_a to_o galilaeus_fw-la and_o hevelius_n her_o true_a figure_n be_v best_a to_o be_v discern_v in_o regard_n she_o be_v despoil_a of_o those_o adventitious_a ray_n with_o which_o in_o the_o night_n time_n she_o be_v invest_v ricciolus_n and_o grimaldus_n in_o the_o year_n 1649._o on_o the_o first_o of_o april_n behold_v she_o of_o a_o gibbous_a figure_n and_o on_o the_o twenty_o of_o the_o same_o month_n bisect_v or_o dichotomise_v and_o on_o the_o first_o of_o may_n and_o first_o of_o september_n the_o same_o year_n horn_a and_o so_o continue_v until_o the_o four_o day_n two_o hour_n after_o noon_n and_o so_o to_o the_o eight_o day_n of_o the_o same_o month_n from_o the_o sun_n be_v rise_v till_o noon_n on_o the_o eighteen_o she_o be_v exact_o bisect_v or_o dichotomise_v on_o the_o twenty_o six_o grow_v towards_o a_o gibbous_a figure_n but_o the_o rare_a and_o most_o signal_n phaenomenon_n of_o venus_n say_v ricciolus_n be_v when_o she_o have_v great_a latitude_n near_o her_o low_a conjunction_n with_o the_o sun_n for_o be_v then_o see_v by_o a_o good_a telescope_n she_o appear_v horn_v as_o big_a as_o the_o new_a moon_n to_o the_o bare_a eye_n of_o the_o structure_n nature_n and_o substance_n of_o this_o planet_n from_o the_o phaenomena_n already_o recite_v it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o it_o be_v a_o opacous_a body_n and_o have_v its_o light_n from_o the_o sun_n that_o it_o be_v spherical_a because_o it_o be_v spherical_o illuminate_v that_o it_o be_v of_o a_o solid_a and_o consistent_a substance_n in_o regard_n though_o carry_v in_o a_o rapid_a course_n through_o the_o liquid_a aether_n it_o be_v not_o dissolve_v or_o dissipate_v it_o be_v of_o a_o rough_a and_o uneven_a superficies_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v represent_v to_o be_v such_o by_o the_o telescope_n and_o otherwise_o can_v not_o in_o such_o abundance_n reflect_v the_o sun_n light_n upon_o the_o earth_n which_o it_o be_v observe_v sometime_o to_o do_v to_o such_o a_o eminent_a degree_n that_o body_n object_v to_o its_o ray_n be_v see_v to_o cast_v a_o shadow_n it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o solid_a and_o liquid_a matter_n as_o our_o terraqueous_a globe_n and_o be_v find_v to_o have_v a_o vertiginous_a motion_n about_o its_o own_o axis_n and_o centre_n which_o it_o complete_v within_o the_o space_n of_o fourteen_o hour_n according_a to_o rheita_n as_o to_o its_o apparent_a and_o true_a diameter_n its_o solidity_n and_o proportion_n to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o likewise_o its_o distance_n from_o thence_o author_n extreme_o vary_v ricciolus_n in_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o his_o almage_a sect._n sixth_n have_v collect_v their_o several_a opinion_n into_o one_o table_n to_o which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n we_o refer_v the_o reader_n content_v ourselves_o only_a to_o note_v that_o according_a to_o the_o say_v ricciolus_n the_o apparent_a diameter_n of_o venus_n in_o its_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o earth_n be_v 0′_n 33″_n 30‴_n in_o its_o mean_a distance_n 1′_n 44″_n 12‴_n in_o its_o least_o 4′_n 8″_n 0‴_n it_o be_v true_a diameter_n contain_v of_o the_o earth_n diameter_n 1._o 15_o 1000_o it_o be_v circumference_n three_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o â…—_n the_o area_n of_o its_o great_a circle_n square_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n 1._o 4_o 1000_o it_o be_v convex_a superficies_n square_a diameter_n 4._o 15_o 1000_o the_o body_n of_o venus_n that_o of_o the_o earth_n 1._o ½_o it_o be_v distance_n from_o the_o earth_n he_o make_v to_o be_v when_o great_a 12919_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v mean_a distance_n 7580_o it_o be_v least_o 2241_o of_o the_o same_o semidiameter_n mars_n though_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o most_o inobservable_a planet_n as_o both_o pliny_n and_o kepler_n affirm_v have_v not_o yet_o be_v able_a to_o lie_v hide_v from_o the_o subtle_a discovery_n of_o astronomical_a spy_n who_o have_v observe_v that_o he_o move_v in_o a_o large_a orbit_n about_o the_o sun_n as_o the_o centre_n of_o its_o motion_n in_o which_o circle_n or_o orbit_n he_o include_v the_o earth_n with_o the_o moon_n mercury_n and_o venus_n and_o take_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o solar_a region_n and_o when_o in_o his_o perigaeum_n become_v near_a to_o the_o earth_n than_o the_o sun_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o his_o parallax_n at_o that_o time_n great_a than_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o notable_a increase_n of_o his_o light_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o he_o be_v sometime_o take_v for_o a_o comet_n or_o new_a star_n as_o to_o his_o figure_n it_o be_v without_o doubt_n as_o the_o other_o planet_n spherical_a and_o be_v observe_v by_o kepler_n l._n 6._o epit._n astr._n when_o in_o â–¡_o with_o the_o sun_n to_o be_v almost_o bisect_v or_o dichotomous_a at_o other_o time_n between_o â–¡_o and_o â˜_o to_o the_o sun_n to_o be_v gibbous_a and_o rare_o perfect_o round_a as_o rheita_n affirm_v hevelius_n deny_v that_o it_o can_v ever_o be_v see_v horn_v fontana_n in_o his_o observation_n represent_v it_o as_o by_o he_o view_v in_o the_o year_n 1636._o in_o a_o round_a figure_n with_o a_o black_a spot_n in_o the_o middle_a which_o he_o conceive_v to_o be_v a_o cavity_n and_o not_o a_o rise_n or_o swell_v nicholaus_fw-la zucchius_n as_o ricciolus_n in_o astronom_n reform_v report_v behold_v he_o in_o the_o year_n 1640._o between_o â–³_o and_o â–¡_o with_o the_o sun_n to_o be_v gibbous_a or_o boss_v without_o any_o such_o spot_n perhaps_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o vertiginous_a motion_n or_o libration_n about_o his_o own_o centre_n change_v its_o position_n daniel_n bartolus_n in_o the_o year_n 1644._o as_o he_o write_v to_o ricciolus_n affirm_v that_o father_n sirsalis_fw-la the_o jesuit_n at_o naples_n behold_v he_o with_o a_o excellent_a telescope_n to_o be_v almost_o round_o with_o two_o spot_n a_o little_a beneath_o the_o middle_a of_o his_o globe_n ricciolus_n likewise_o together_o which_o grimaldus_n in_o the_o year_n 1651._o on_o the_o four_o five_o and_o six_o of_o april_n behold_v that_o black_a spot_n in_o he_o which_o appear_v to_o they_o as_o if_o compose_v of_o divers_a small_a one_o the_o same_o phoenomenon_n be_v by_o they_o
afterward_o often_o observe_v in_o the_o year_n 1653_o 1655_o and_o 1657._o which_o black_a or_o ruddy_a macula_n or_o spot_n kircherus_n in_o itiner_n exstat_fw-la conceive_v to_o be_v a_o great_a vorago_fw-la or_o gulf_n of_o no_o less_o extent_n than_o all_o africa_n the_o ingenuous_a mounsieur_fw-fr hugens_n in_o the_o year_n 1656._o observe_v a_o broad_a obscure_a zone_n or_o belt_n to_o shadow_n or_o obfuscate_v half_a the_o disque_n of_o the_o say_a planet_n from_o the_o several_a phase_n before_o mention_v of_o his_o dichotomy_n and_o gibbosity_n astronomer_n argue_v his_o light_n to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o sun_n as_o that_o of_o the_o moon_n and_o ricciolus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o if_o he_o can_v be_v see_v in_o ♂_o with_o the_o sun_n we_o may_v discern_v he_o to_o be_v horn_v as_o to_o the_o structure_n and_o nature_n of_o his_o globe_n it_o be_v as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o planet_n compose_v ex_fw-la solido_fw-la &_o liquido_fw-la the_o solid_a part_n by_o kircherus_n in_o itiner_n exstatic_a suppose_v to_o consist_v of_o a_o fuliginous_a substance_n like_o that_o of_o sulphur_n arsenic_n or_o orpiment_n hard_a and_o incombustible_a evapourate_v malignant_a and_o destructive_a quality_n and_o sweat_v out_o in_o great_a plenty_n a_o kind_n of_o bituminous_a matter_n not_o unlike_a to_o naphtha_n it_o be_v liquid_a part_n he_o imagine_v to_o consist_v of_o a_o soft_a and_o clammy_a substance_n like_v to_o our_o melt_a pitch_n mix_v with_o sulphur_n he_o have_v a_o vertiginous_a motion_n about_o its_o own_o centre_n which_o be_v complete_v according_a to_o rheita_n in_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o five_o hour_n six_o minute_n it_o be_v apparent_a diameter_n according_a to_o ricciolus_n be_v in_o its_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o earth_n 10″_n 6‴_n in_o its_o mean_a distance_n 22″_n in_o its_o least_o 1′_n 32″_n it_o be_v true_a diameter_n contain_v of_o the_o earth_n diameter_n 0._o 12_o 1000_o part_n the_o solidity_n of_o his_o body_n the_o earth_n body_n 0._o 14_o 1000_o it_o be_v great_a distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v by_o the_o say_v ricciolus_n compute_v to_o be_v 21005_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n its_o mean_a distance_n 11000_o and_o its_o least_o 2373_o of_o the_o say_a semidiameter_n jupiter_n one_o of_o the_o most_o note_a and_o beneficent_a planet_n be_v carry_v in_o a_o orbit_n above_o mars_n as_o be_v manifest_a in_o the_o mutual_a conjunction_n of_o those_o planet_n at_o which_o time_n he_o be_v obscure_v and_o hide_a from_o our_o sight_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o mars_n as_o the_o sun_n be_v by_o that_o of_o the_o moon_n be_v body_n rheita_n affirm_v that_o he_o observe_v jupiter_n to_o be_v invest_v round_o with_o a_o vapid_a atmosphere_n and_o leander_n bandtius_fw-la abbot_n of_o duisburgh_n as_o ricciolus_n in_o astron._n reform_v report_v in_o the_o year_n 1643._o observe_v the_o edge_n or_o margin_n of_o his_o globe_n to_o be_v very_o rough_a and_o uneven_a rise_v with_o tumor_n like_o hill_n and_o mountain_n and_o discover_v in_o his_o body_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o excellent_a telescope_n two_o small_a maculae_fw-la or_o spot_n and_o two_o great_a one_o like_o hollow_a cavern_n one_o round_a the_o other_o oval_a equal_v in_o longitude_n the_o seven_o part_n of_o his_o diameter_n as_o the_o scheme_n thereof_o transmit_v by_o the_o say_v bandtius_fw-la from_o flanders_n to_o ricciolus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v represent_v the_o same_o hevelius_n likewise_o in_o his_o selenography_n p._n 44_o affirm_v that_o the_o face_n of_o jupiter_n be_v variegated_a with_o spot_n in_o a_o manner_n like_o that_o of_o the_o moon_n and_o rugged_a with_o uneven_a swell_n and_o asperity_n as_o that_o be_v but_o leave_v these_o to_o further_a discovery_n we_o shall_v only_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o more_o ordinary_a phaenomena_n manifest_v by_o frequent_a observation_n and_o those_o be_v first_o certain_z fasciae_fw-la or_o belt_n girdle_v as_o it_o be_v the_o disque_n of_o jupiter_n whether_o eminent_a part_n of_o his_o body_n like_o ridge_n or_o rather_o hollow_a furrow_n or_o trench_n be_v uncertain_a but_o they_o be_v say_v first_o to_o have_v be_v discover_v at_o naples_n by_o io._n baptista_n zuppus_fw-la and_o daniel_n bartolus_n jesuit_n since_o by_o fontana_n grimaldi_n ricciolus_n and_o other_o frequent_o discern_v and_o distinguish_v they_o appear_v sometime_o three_o sometime_o two_o at_o other_o time_n single_a and_o border_v with_o two_o other_o small_a welt_n like_o a_o bend_v cottize_v as_o the_o herald_n term_v it_o sometime_o only_o with_o one_o of_o those_o small_a welt_n they_o be_v now_o and_o then_o behold_v in_o the_o middle_a of_o its_o disque_n now_o above_o it_o at_o other_o time_n below_o it_o not_o always_o straight_o but_o sometime_o crooked_a and_o bend_a their_o convexity_n appear_v turn_v sometime_o upward_o sometime_o downward_o evident_a mark_n of_o the_o vertiginous_a motion_n or_o rotation_n of_o that_o planet_n about_o its_o centre_n these_o sometime_o cease_v to_o appear_v and_o therefore_o be_v at_o such_o time_n observe_v by_o gassendus_fw-la no_o marvel_n if_o in_o his_o astronomical_a institution_n l._n 3._o he_o seem_v to_o suspect_v those_o phaenomena_n as_o deny_v that_o they_o ever_o can_v be_v discern_v by_o he_o though_o he_o make_v use_v of_o a_o very_a good_a telescope_n and_o one_o of_o galilaeo_n make_v second_o his_o satellite_n be_v four_o star_n so_o call_v move_v about_o the_o body_n of_o jupiter_n as_o his_o guard_n discover_v first_o in_o italy_n by_o galileo_n in_o the_o year_n 1610._o in_o germany_n by_o simon_n marius_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o telescope_n without_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o jupiter_n splendour_n and_o their_o small_a distance_n from_o he_o none_o of_o they_o recede_v above_o twelve_o degree_n from_o the_o body_n of_o jupiter_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v discern_v and_o therefore_o altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n the_o number_n of_o these_o have_v by_o some_o astronomer_n be_v question_v rheita_n maintain_v they_o to_o be_v no_o less_o than_o nine_o io._n baptista_n zuppus_fw-la affirm_v he_o observe_v in_o the_o year_n 1644._o no_o less_o than_o twelve_o small_a star_n move_v about_o jupiter_n whereof_o he_o very_o believe_v eight_o to_o be_v jovial_a guard_n but_o the_o number_n of_o four_o only_a be_v by_o gassendus_fw-la hevelius_n and_o vincentius_n reinerus_n who_o for_o ten_o year_n together_o most_o diligent_o observe_v they_o as_o also_o by_o vendelinus_n io._n phocylides_n olwarda_n ricciolus_n and_o grimaldus_n upon_o sure_a ground_n defend_v and_o assert_v these_o by_o galilaeus_fw-la their_o first_o discoverer_n be_v call_v sidera_fw-la medicaea_n the_o first_o or_o inmost_a next_o to_o jupiter_n he_o call_v cosmus_n minor_a the_o next_o or_o penintimous_a cosmus_n major_a the_o three_o or_o penextimus_fw-la maria_n medicaea_n the_o four_o or_o outermost_a katherine_n medicaea_n simon_n marius_n give_v yet_o to_o the_o inmost_a the_o name_n of_o jovial_a mercury_n to_o the_o next_o venus_n to_o the_o three_o jupiter_n to_o the_o four_o saturn_n but_o io._n baptista_n hodierna_fw-la who_o late_o first_fw-mi of_o all_o publish_a ephemerides_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o say_a star_n name_n the_o first_o or_o inmost_a from_o the_o young_a prince_n of_o tuscany_n principharus_fw-la the_o second_o from_o victoria_n duchess_n to_o the_o grand_a duke_n victripharus_fw-la the_o three_o from_o cosmus_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o florence_n cosmipharus_fw-la the_o last_o from_o ferdinand_n the_o late_a duke_n fernandipharus_fw-la of_o these_o the_o great_a digression_n from_o the_o body_n of_o jupiter_n compute_v in_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o same_o be_v as_o follow_v satellty_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o author_n sem._n ′_o sem._n ′_o sem._n ′_o sem._n ′_o galilaeus_fw-la 3_o 0_o 5_o 0_o 8_o 0_o 12_o 0_o sim._n marius_n 3_o 0_o 5_o 0_o 8_o 0_o 13_o 0_o rheita_n 3_o 0_o 4_o 0_o 6_o 0_o 10_o 0_o vendelinus_n 3_o 0_o 5_o 0_o 8_o 0_o 14_o 0_o hodierna_fw-la 3_o 30_o 5_o 30_o 9_o 0_o 14_o 30_o their_o periodical_a revolution_n in_o their_o several_a orbit_n of_o the_o according_a to_o day_n hour_n ′_o ″_o 1_o galilaeus_fw-la 1_o 18_o 30_o fere_n marius_n 1_o 18_o 28_o 30_o rheita_n 1_o 18_o 30_o 0_o hevelius_fw-la 1_o 18_o 28_o 0_o hodierna_fw-la 1_o 18_o 28_o 44_o vendelinus_n 1_o 769_o 1000_o  _fw-fr 2_o galilaeus_fw-la 3_o 13_o 20_o circiter_fw-la marius_n 3_o 13_o 18_o 0_o rheita_n 3_o 13_o 20_o 0_o hevelius_fw-la 3_o 13_o 18_o 0_o hodierna_fw-la 3_o 13_o 18_o 15_o vendelinus_n 3_o 554_o 1000_o  _fw-fr 3_o galilaeus_fw-la 7_o 4_o 0_o fere_n marius_n 7_o 3_o 56_o 34_o rheita_n 7_o 4_o 0_o 0_o hevelius_fw-la 7_o 3_o 57_o 0_o hodierna_fw-la 7_o 4_o 1_o 26_o vendelinus_n 7_o 164_o 1000_o  _fw-fr 4_o galilaeus_fw-la 16_o 18_o 0_o fere_n marius_n 16_o 18_o 9_o 15_o rheita_n 16_o 18_o 0_o 0_o
part_n that_o be_v be_v generate_v of_o the_o most_o dilute_a planetary_a vapour_n and_o exhalation_n and_o of_o certain_a small_a particle_n and_o sometime_o grow_v together_o from_o many_o into_o one_o and_o not_o seldom_o from_o one_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o or_o three_o or_o more_o 9_o comet_n as_o they_o seldom_o and_o very_o rare_o consist_v of_o one_o single_v nucleus_n so_o the_o great_a of_o these_o nuclei_fw-la be_v seldom_o see_v precise_o place_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o cometical_a body_n but_o decline_v towards_o the_o side_n draw_v along_o with_o it_o the_o thin_a mass._n 10._o the_o nuclei_fw-la as_o their_o rare_a part_n by_o a_o flux_n of_o matter_n and_o condensation_n increase_n and_o become_v more_o splendid_a so_o by_o difflux_n of_o matter_n and_o rarefaction_n they_o become_v more_o pale_a wan_a and_o dull_a 11._o every_o comet_n as_o each_o solar_a macula_n be_v circumve_v with_o a_o other_o kind_n of_o body_n less_o obscure_a and_o more_o rare_a as_o it_o be_v a_o peculiar_a atmosphere_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n ray_n be_v lodge_v whence_o its_o tail_n or_o bush_n be_v produce_v 12._o it_o seem_v likewise_o consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o the_o rare_a part_n be_v procreate_v before_o the_o nuclei_fw-la or_o kernel_n and_o that_o in_o the_o dissolution_n of_o a_o comet_n the_o nuclei_fw-la sensible_o first_o decay_n so_o that_o the_o solid_a and_o more_o dense_n part_n be_v soon_o dissolve_v than_o the_o more_o rare_a 13._o the_o nuclei_fw-la of_o comet_n as_o of_o the_o solar_a maculae_fw-la have_v not_o their_o generation_n or_o corruption_n in_o one_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n only_o but_o every_o where_o indifferent_o and_o of_o these_o some_o be_v more_o last_a than_o other_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o more_o unctuous_a and_o dense_n matter_n some_o of_o they_o likewise_o be_v form_v about_o the_o beginning_n or_o birth_n of_o the_o comet_n other_o about_o the_o middle_n and_o some_o towards_o the_o end_n yet_o sometime_o the_o same_o nucleus_n last_v from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o comet_n now_o increase_v at_o other_o time_n decrease_v but_o in_o this_o both_o comet_n and_o their_o nuclei_fw-la altogether_o differ_v from_o the_o solar_a maculae_fw-la for_o that_o comet_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o proper_a motion_n in_o their_o orbit_n never_o return_v again_o and_o a_o second_o time_n ascend_v above_o our_o horizon_n that_o be_v to_o say_v rise_v again_o astronomical_o except_o in_o their_o diurnal_a motion_n which_o be_v not_o here_o consider_v insomuch_o as_o a_o comet_n be_v once_o extinguish_v can_v be_v again_o produce_v or_o continue_v 14._o oftentimes_o divers_a comet_n which_o seem_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o begin_v and_o to_o be_v almost_o equal_a as_o to_o their_o density_n and_o magnitude_n have_v not_o yet_o the_o same_o dissolution_n but_o differ_v both_o as_o to_o the_o time_n and_o place_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o their_o nuclei_fw-la 15._o every_o comet_n as_o each_o solar_a macula_n consist_v of_o a_o opacous_a dense_a and_o of_o itself_o obscure_a matter_n draw_v all_o its_o light_n whole_o from_o the_o sun_n 16._o comet_n be_v always_o great_a than_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v be_v their_o apparent_a diameter_n great_a or_o less_o than_o the_o apparent_a diameter_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v the_o body_n that_o illuminate_v they_o 17._o no_o comet_n whatsoever_o either_o as_o to_o its_o whole_a or_o part_n or_o nuclei_fw-la have_v a_o gyration_n about_o its_o axis_n but_o always_o turn_v the_o same_o face_n to_o the_o earth_n and_o sun_n unless_o happy_o it_o may_v be_v carry_v in_o a_o equal_a librate_n or_o reciprocal_a motion_n according_a as_o it_o be_v more_o or_o less_o distant_a from_o the_o earth_n 18._o the_o nuclei_fw-la of_o comet_n as_o of_o the_o solar_a maculae_fw-la have_v a_o peculiar_a motion_n but_o always_o irregular_a or_o anomalous_a hence_o those_o corpuscula_fw-la or_o nuclei_fw-la of_o which_o the_o comet_n be_v compose_v have_v motion_n among_o themselves_o as_o to_o their_o accession_n conjunction_n or_o separation_n quite_o different_a from_o that_o proper_a motion_n of_o the_o comet_n in_o its_o orbit_n and_o thence_o proceed_v the_o sudden_a coalition_n digression_n and_o inordinate_a deviation_n as_o also_o the_o various_a transformation_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o say_v nuclei_fw-la 19_o comet_n although_o sometime_o as_o to_o their_o diameter_n or_o disque_n or_o the_o area_n of_o their_o great_a circle_n they_o exceed_v in_o magnitude_n the_o moon_n and_o earth_n yet_o do_v they_o not_o for_o all_o that_o exhaust_v the_o planet_n nor_o do_v those_o body_n suffer_v any_o detriment_n or_o diminution_n no_o more_o than_o the_o sun_n do_v by_o generation_n of_o his_o maculae_fw-la for_o every_o celestial_a body_n call_v back_o unto_o itself_o that_o matter_n which_o by_o dissolution_n or_o attenuation_n issue_v from_o it_o 20._o comet_n be_v never_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o equal_a distance_n remove_v from_o the_o earth_n or_o sun_n but_o be_v sometime_o high_o sometime_o low_o as_o be_v evident_a in_o regard_n they_o be_v sometime_o find_v to_o have_v a_o sensible_a parallax_n at_o other_o time_n to_o have_v none_o at_o all._n 21._o as_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o constant_o but_o at_o certain_a time_n produce_v his_o maculae_fw-la so_o neither_o do_v the_o aether_n at_o all_o time_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o defect_n of_o matter_n produce_v comet_n since_o that_o tenuous_a matter_n of_o which_o they_o be_v compose_v be_v diffuse_v beyond_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o the_o several_a planetary_a body_n whence_o it_o flow_v through_o the_o vast_a aether_n and_o most_o distant_a part_n of_o the_o heaven_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o those_o thin_a exspiration_n can_v find_v so_o easy_a a_o congress_n but_o that_o they_o concur_v and_o be_v aggregated_a as_o it_o be_v by_o chance_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o comet_n be_v so_o seldom_o see_v of_o the_o tail_n train_n or_o bush_n of_o comet_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o something_a be_v likewise_o to_o be_v comet_n say_v touch_v which_o there_o be_v as_o many_o different_a opinion_n produce_v by_o ricciolus_n and_o hevelius_n as_o those_o already_o mention_v touch_v comet_n the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o aristotle_n and_o his_o follower_n assert_v the_o bush_n or_o train_n of_o a_o comet_n to_o be_v a_o exhalation_n set_v on_o fire_n in_o a_o more_o rare_a and_o less_o constipate_v matter_n than_o that_o of_o its_o head_n and_o diversify_v according_a to_o the_o divers_a disposition_n of_o the_o matter_n that_o feed_v its_o flame_n the_o second_o be_v that_o of_o seneca_n who_o conceive_v the_o cauda_fw-la or_o bush_n to_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o comet_n nor_o a_o flame_n but_o the_o ray_n or_o light_n which_o the_o comet_n by_o its_o native_a vigour_n send_v forth_o the_o three_o be_v that_o of_o gemma_fw-la frisius_n who_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v a_o fire_n of_o a_o simple_a celestial_a body_n kindle_v by_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n and_o by_o the_o violent_a action_n thereof_o thrust_v forth_o and_o expel_v into_o the_o opposite_a part._n the_o four_o be_v that_o of_o petrus_n apianus_n who_o make_v the_o bush_n of_o a_o comet_n to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n transmit_v through_o the_o semidiaphanous_a head_n thereof_o as_o it_o be_v through_o a_o globe_n of_o glass_n the_o five_o be_v tycho_n brahe_n who_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n penetrate_v the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n and_o terminate_v in_o some_o matter_n not_o altogether_o perspicuous_a and_o reflect_v towards_o we_o for_o he_o suppose_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o aether_n not_o to_o be_v thorough_o diaphanous_a the_o six_o be_v that_o of_o kepler_n who_o endeavour_v to_o give_v a_o double_a reason_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n for_o he_o suppose_v first_o that_o the_o tail_n or_o bush_n may_v be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n pass_v through_o the_o body_n of_o the_o comet_n which_o he_o imagine_v to_o be_v pure_o pellucid_a yet_o withal_o dense_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o sun_n beam_n be_v thereby_o conduplicate_v and_o colour_v in_o the_o second_o he_o make_v the_o comet_n to_o expire_v a_o certain_a lucid_a matter_n from_o its_o head_n towards_o that_o part_n where_o the_o sun_n beam_n break_v forth_o with_o he_o in_o a_o manner_n gassendus_fw-la consent_v who_o conceive_v the_o tail_n or_o bush_n to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o matter_n with_o the_o head_n only_o to_o differ_v in_o rarity_n which_o rare_a and_o tenuous_a matter_n be_v by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n expel_v into_o the_o part_n direct_o turn_v from_o the_o sun_n and_o this_o opinion_n be_v likewise_o embrace_v by_o camillus_n gloriosus_n and_o franciscus_n reita_n the_o
away_o and_o round_v by_o the_o length_n of_o its_o passage_n through_o the_o air._n the_o cause_n of_o its_o congeal_a hardness_n be_v the_o ant_n peristasis_fw-la of_o the_o low_a region_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n likewise_o why_o it_o fall_v more_o frequent_o in_o summer_n than_o in_o winter_n and_o seldom_o in_o the_o night_n unless_o the_o night_n be_v warm_a vide_fw-la fromond_n meteorolog_n l._n 5._o c._n 9_o 9_o thales_n &_o democritus_n ascribe_v the_o cause_n of_o earthquake_n to_o subterranean_a water_n break_v out_o and_o undermine_v the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o stoic_n to_o moisture_n rarefy_v into_o air_n which_o seek_v for_o room_n to_o break_v â—…orth_o when_o it_o meet_v as_o anaxagoras_n likewise_o hold_v with_o the_o thick_a and_o tough_a body_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o its_o struggle_a for_o vent_v it_o shake_v it_o other_o conceive_v it_o proceed_v from_o enclose_a air_n or_o spirit_n arise_v from_o combustible_a matter_n such_o as_o sulphur_n nitre_n allom_n sal_fw-la ammoniac_a or_o bitumen_n set_v on_o fire_n and_o consequent_o rarify_v cause_v the_o like_a effect_n as_o gunpowder_n in_o mine_n see_v fromond_n meteorolog_n l._n 4._o c._n 1_o 2_o 3._o and_o kircher_n in_o his_o mund._o subterran_n l._n 4._o c._n 2._o the_o several_a kind_n of_o earthquake_n be_v thus_o reckon_v up_o by_o apuleius_n l._n de_fw-fr mundo_fw-la the_o first_o be_v term_v epiclintes_n seu_fw-la inclinator_n that_o be_v when_o it_o strike_v at_o oblique_a angle_n turn_v thing_n sideward_v the_o second_o be_v call_v brastes_fw-la or_o â—…ffervescens_n from_o the_o similitude_n of_o boil_a water_n bear_v up_o all_o above_o it_o in_o a_o direct_a line_n the_o three_o be_v term_v chasmatias_fw-la who_o violence_n make_v a_o breach_n or_o hiatus_fw-la in_o which_o the_o place_n force_v be_v swallow_v up_o the_o four_o be_v call_v rhecte_n from_o force_v its_o way_n by_o a_o rupture_n but_o not_o make_v such_o a_o chasma_fw-la as_o the_o former_a the_o five_o ostes_z which_o at_o once_o shake_v and_o overturn_v the_o six_o palmatias_fw-la which_o shake_v but_o overturn_v not_o the_o last_o mycematias_fw-la from_o the_o bellow_a noise_n it_o make_v ammianus_n marcellinus_n l._n 16._o and_o coelius_n rhodiginus_fw-la from_o he_o reckon_v but_o four_o kind_n kind_n that_o there_o be_v subterranean_a fire_n and_o those_o great_a and_o many_o appear_v by_o the_o vulcanian_a island_n by_o the_o mountain_n aetna_n vesuvius_n hecla_n and_o other_o eject_v flame_n and_o by_o hot_a bath_n and_o fountain_n break_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n which_o as_o vitruâ—…inus_n l._n 2._o instance_n can_v not_o be_v si_fw-mi non_fw-la in_o imo_fw-la haberent_fw-la aut_fw-la de_fw-la sulphur_n aut_fw-la de_fw-la alumine_fw-la aut_fw-la bitumine_fw-la ardentes_fw-la maximos_fw-la ignes_fw-la in_o which_o word_n he_o brief_o declare_v their_o cause_n to_o which_o as_o a_o further_a proof_n to_o omit_v divers_a other_o may_v be_v add_v earthquake_n derive_v as_o but_o now_o allege_v their_o original_a from_o these_o subterranean_a fire_n and_o therefore_o by_o our_o author_n not_o unproper_o join_v together_o in_o this_o verse_n who_o will_v be_v further_o satisfy_v touch_v this_o matter_n may_v consult_v pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 106._o gassendus_fw-la his_fw-la epicurean_a animadversion_n and_o particular_o kircher_n in_o his_o mund._o subterran_n l._n 4._o where_o the_o nature_n of_o these_o fire_n their_o necessity_n diffusiveness_n foâ—…d_v and_o prodigious_a effect_n be_v exact_o describe_v see_v likewise_o iâ—…tigius_n express_o upon_o this_o subject_a in_o his_o tract_n de_fw-la montium_fw-la incend_fw-la and_o the_o curious_a disquisition_n of_o alphonsus_n borellus_n in_o historia_n &_o meteorologia_n incendiâ—…_n 〈◊〉_d anno_fw-la 1669._o 1669._o rain_n be_v define_v by_o aristotle_n a_o cloud_n convert_v into_o water_n and_o distil_v in_o drop_n epicurus_n make_v two_o way_n or_o mean_n of_o generate_a rain_n one_o by_o transmutation_n when_o the_o part_n of_o a_o cloud_n either_o by_o absence_n of_o heat_n or_o accession_n of_o cold_a be_v so_o transpose_v and_o vary_v as_o render_v they_o more_o apt_a to_o flow_v and_o fall_v as_o be_v exemplify_v by_o vapoâ—…_n in_o a_o limbeck_n gather_v together_o and_o then_o fall_v in_o drop_n the_o other_o by_o compression_n when_o by_o wind_n or_o cold_a the_o cloud_n be_v compress_v and_o the_o vaporous_a corpuscula_fw-la within_o the_o hollow_n thereof_o be_v crowd_v together_o and_o by_o accession_n get_v weight_n and_o fall_n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o drop_n of_o rain_n be_v form_v by_o coalition_n rather_o than_o division_n and_o that_o rain_n be_v not_o as_o vulgar_o conceive_v a_o watery_a mass_n effuse_v from_o a_o cloud_n like_o water_n from_o a_o watering-pot_n or_o as_o â—…repsiades_n jest_o in_o aristophanes_n declare_v it_o to_o be_v cause_v when_o jupiter_n urine_v through_o a_o sieve_n for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o stagnation_n of_o water_n in_o a_o cloud_n it_o will_v fall_v from_o thence_o like_o a_o torrent_n or_o spout_n rather_o than_o in_o drop_n of_o rain_n there_o be_v reckon_v three_o kind_n sâ—…illicidium_n imber_n and_o nimbus_n the_o first_o be_v a_o small_a misty_a rain_n the_o second_o be_v more_o intense_a and_o compose_v of_o great_a drop_n the_o last_o be_v yet_o more_o violent_a and_o fall_v more_o thick_a and_o as_o fromondus_n say_v decumanis_fw-la guâ—…tis_fw-la apuleius_n de_fw-fr mundo_fw-la sum_v up_o the_o matter_n when_o he_o saâ—…es_v tot_o diversitatibus_fw-la pluviae_fw-la cadunt_fw-la quot_fw-la modis_fw-la aer_fw-la nubium_fw-la conditionibus_fw-la cogitur_fw-la cogitur_fw-la the_o original_a of_o wind_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o abscondita_fw-la of_o nature_n but_o i_o find_v it_o reduce_v chief_o to_o three_o head_n or_o cause_n viz._n the_o earth_n the_o water_n the_o air._n the_o first_o be_v maintain_v by_o aristotle_n who_o make_v it_o a_o dry_a earthy_a exhalation_n the_o second_o be_v maintain_v by_o metrodorus_n and_o partly_o by_o anaximander_n chief_o by_o vitruvius_n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o where_o he_o say_v ventus_fw-la est_fw-la aeris_fw-la fluens_fw-la unda_fw-la cum_fw-la incerta_fw-la motus_fw-la redundantia_fw-la nasciturque_fw-la cum_fw-la fervour_n offendit_fw-la humorem_fw-la &_o impeâ—…us_fw-la fervoris_fw-la exprimit_fw-la vim_o spiritûs_fw-la flantis_fw-la which_o he_o illustrate_v by_o your_o aeolipilae_fw-la or_o wind-ball_n so_o demonstrate_v likewise_o by_o descartes_n l._n 4_o metear_n c._n 4._o and_o assert_v by_o salmasius_n l._n de_fw-la ann._n climacter_n p._n 811._o in_o vitruvius_n his_o own_o word_n the_o three_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o ancient_a which_o make_v wind_n to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o air_n move_v apuleius_n de_fw-fr mundo_fw-la be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n nec_fw-la enim_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la ventus_fw-la nisi_fw-la multum_fw-la &_o vehemens_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la coacti_fw-la aeris_fw-la flumen_fw-la but_o this_o not_o assign_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o that_o motion_n leave_v the_o matter_n undetermined_a the_o most_o probable_a opinion_n be_v that_o wind_n be_v a_o earthy_a or_o watery_a exhalation_n mix_v with_o saline_a spirit_n and_o other_o vapour_n draw_v or_o force_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n or_o sea_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o subterranean_a fire_n which_o be_v rarify_v by_o heat_n or_o condense_v by_o cold_a and_o impel_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o a_o transverse_n sometime_o by_o a_o direct_a motion_n exâ—…gitates_v the_o earth_n air_n and_o sea_n but_o of_o this_o subject_a see_v particular_o the_o lord_n verulam_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr ventis_fw-la descartes_n loc_n cit_fw-la gassend_n animadvers_fw-la in_o epicur_fw-fr fromond_n meteor_n kircherus_fw-la in_o mund._o subterran_n and_o mr._n isaac_n vossius_fw-la de_fw-la motu_fw-la marium_n &_o ventorum_fw-la ventorum_fw-la see_v lucretius_n l._n 6._o argue_v to_o this_o effect_n against_o the_o pretend_a and_o fabulous_a power_n of_o thunder_a jupiter_n but_o far_o better_o and_o with_o more_o analogy_n to_o truth_n seneca_n in_o natural_a quaest._n l._n 2._o interim_n hoc_fw-la dico_fw-la fulmina_fw-la non_fw-la miâ—…i_fw-la à _fw-fr jove_n sed_fw-la sic_fw-la omne_fw-la disposita_fw-la ut_fw-la etiam_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la ab_fw-la illo_fw-la non_fw-la â—…ant_fw-la sine_fw-la ratione_fw-la non_fw-la fiunt_fw-la quae_fw-la illius_fw-la est_fw-la vis_fw-fr eorum_fw-la illius_fw-la permissio_fw-la est_fw-la nam_fw-la etsi_fw-la jupiter_n illa_fw-la nunc_fw-la non_fw-la facit_fw-la fecit_fw-la ut_fw-la fierent_fw-la singulis_fw-la non_fw-la adest_fw-la sed_fw-la signum_fw-la &_o vim_fw-la &_o causam_fw-la dedit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la thus_o far_o seneca_n in_o which_o there_o only_o want_v the_o true_a name_n of_o the_o first_o divine_a cause_n why_o jupiter_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 20._o give_v this_o physical_a reason_n that_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o three_o uppermost_a planet_n fall_v to_o the_o earth_n carry_v the_o name_n of_o lightning_n but_o that_o especial_o which_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n that_o be_v to_o say_v jupiter_n because_o
and_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v at_o the_o knot_n or_o centre_n of_o the_o base_a of_o the_o cone_n behold_v two_o know_v star_n shine_v through_o their_o proper_a holes_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o shall_v likewise_o behold_v the_o rest_n shine_v through_o their_o respective_a holes_n the_o rotation_n of_o this_o figure_n about_o a_o axis_n serve_v as_o a_o nocturnal_a to_o give_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n other_o astroscope_n there_o be_v as_o one_o that_o be_v rectify_v and_o set_v to_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n the_o sight_n through_o two_o pinnacide_n shall_v be_v direct_v to_o that_o star_n to_o which_o the_o instrument_n be_v rectify_v of_o all_o which_o to_o treat_v be_v not_o our_o present_a design_n and_o '_o therefore_o shall_v refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o author_n and_o composer_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o projection_n or_o astroscope_n the_o sphere_n of_o marcus_n manilius_n divine_a 2._o art_n and_o star_n 49._o foreknow_v proem_n fate_n 2._o vary_v the_o divers_a turn_v of_o humane_a state_n the_o workâ—…_n of_o heaven_n consider_v high_a reason_n we_o bring_v down_o in_o verse_n from_o heaven_n and_o first_o move_v 9_o helicon_n and_o it_o be_v green_a grove_n with_o unacquainted_a rhyme_n offer_v strange_a rite_n not_o know_v to_o former_a time_n caesar_n thy_o country_n liceat_fw-la prince_n and_o father_n thou_o to_o who_o 8._o imperial_a law_n the_o world_n do_v bow_v who_o est_fw-la merit_v what_o be_v grant_v to_o thy_o sire_n heaven_n as_o a_o god_n do_v this_o high_a song_n inspire_v and_o now_o heaven_n est_fw-la kind_a to_o the_o curious_a grow_v and_o court_v in_o verse_n it_o be_v treasure_n to_o disclose_v fit_a task_n alone_o for_o peaceful_a leisure_n rise_v we_o then_o through_o yield_a air_n and_o mount_v the_o sky_n there_o live_v and_o range_v learn_v all_o the_o sign_n and_o prove_v how_o in_o their_o eudoxus_n adverse_a course_n the_o planet_n move_v to_o know_v but_o which_o be_v little_a we_o will_v sound_v the_o hide_a entrail_n of_o this_o ample_a round_n inquire_v how_o star_n creature_n beget_v and_o sway_v which_o whilst_o we_o sing_v comfort_n apollo_n self_n shall_v play_v poetry_n two_o altar_n bright_a with_o flame_n we_o raise_v repair_v to_o a_o double_a shrine_n press_v with_o the_o double_a care_n of_o verse_n and_o matter_n on_o these_o certain_a ground_n raise_v our_o song_n concordant_a heaven_n surround_v it_o poet_n with_o deep_a harmony_n and_o word_n scarce_o fit_a for_o latian_a character_n afford_v who_o to_o inferior_a earth_n do_v first_o reveal_v astronomy_n these_o gift_n of_o god_n who_o what_o they_o hide_v can_v steal_v all-ruling_a heaven_n what_o mortal_a dare_v so_o high_a as_o spite_v of_o god_n himself_o to_o deify_v open_v the_o high_a path_n the_o low_a deep_a tell_v how_o the_o star_n their_o bound_a course_n keep_v the_o force_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o sign_n impart_v appendix_n cyllenius_n thus_o first_o taught_v this_o sacred_a art_n thou_o th'inmost_a heaven_n &_o utmost_a star_n make_v know_v that_o so_o to_o nature_n power_n not_o face_n alone_o may_v great_a awe_n and_o reverence_n accrue_v and_o nation_n learn_v what_o to_o that_o god_n be_v due_a who_o do_v through_o season_n to_o be_v know_v display_v the_o heaven_n and_o this_o great_a world_n phaenomena_n nature_n help_v too_o herself_o herself_o improve_v prince_n and_o monarch_n next_o to_o heaven_n in_o power_n first_o move_v to_o affect_v these_o art_n who_o near_o sol_n rise_a beam_n fierce_a nation_n tame_v who_o land_n sequent_a euphrates_n stream_n divide_v and_o subject_n nile_n inundate_n where_o the_o sun_n return_v do_v over_o nilus_n negro_n city_n run_v next_o choose_v verse_n priest_n who_o serve_v from_o age_n to_o age_n at_o public_a altar_n and_o with_o vow_n engage_v th'indulgent_a god_n who_o awful_a presence_n fire_v their_o zealous_a mind_n with_o uncorrupt_a desire_n he_o with_o himself_o possess_v they_o and_o make_v know_v his_o videri_fw-la unveil_v deity_n unto_o his_o own_o such_o be_v the_o man_n who_o first_o can_v apprehend_v that_o humane_a fate_n on_o wander_a star_n depend_v phaenomena_n they_o to_o each_o time_n apply_v its_o own_o event_n and_o by_o long_a toil_n observe_v the_o accident_n of_o many_o age_n birth-day_n life_n what_o power_n of_o fortune_n govern_v each_o successive_a hour_n and_o what_o great_a change_v the_o least_o motion_n cause_n thus_o when_o heaven_n various_a face_n the_o star_n by_o law_n of_o fate_n return_v in_o their_o order_a course_n be_v full_o know_v and_o each_o sign_n proper_a force_n experience_v frame_v thereof_o a_o art_n the_o way_n ancient_n show_v by_o example_n which_o through_o long_a essay_n and_o various_a speculation_n learn_v from_o far_o the_o tacit_n law_n of_o eâ—…ery_a roll_a star_n see_v in_o alternate_a course_n heaven_n still_o move_v round_o and_o fate_n to_o vary_v as_o its_o aspect_n find_v for_o before_o they_o rude_a man_n no_o difference_n make_v betwixt_o nature_n work_n nor_o thing_n with_o reason_n weigh_v astonish_v at_o heaven_n new_a disclose_v light_n didicerant_fw-la now_o mourn_v the_o star_n as_o lose_v now_o at_o their_o sight_n as_o if_o newborn_a rejoice_v the_o uncertain_a time_n of_o day_n and_o night_n differ_v in_o different_a clime_n till_o then_o none_o know_v nor_o can_v the_o cause_n clear_a horologii_fw-la of_o shade_n unlike_o the_o sun_n far_o off_o and_o near_a yet_o witty_a cunning_a no_o 9_o learned_a art_n have_v find_v under_o rude_a swain_n waste_v lay_v the_o untilled_a ground_n 9_o gold_n then_o in_o desert_n mountain_n lodge_v at_o ease_n late_a new_a world_n lay_v hide_v in_o unattempted_a sea_n own_o to_o wave_n and_o wind_n to_o trust_v their_o life_n none_o dare_v to_o know_v themselves_o and_o they_o man_n only_o care_v but_o when_o long_a time_n and_o toil_n their_o wit_n have_v whet_v and_o venture_n want_v a_o edge_n on_o indusiry_n have_v set_v then_o thousand_o care_n their_o work_a head_n possess_v whilst_o to_o escape_v need_n they_o sacrifice_v their_o rest_n conclusion_n try_v and_o whatsoever_o tradidit_fw-la wise_a use_n by_o oft-repeated_n practice_n do_v produce_v of_o sure_a effect_n the_o new_a experiment_n unto_o the_o common_a good_a they_o glad_o lend_v then_o barbarous_a tongue_n receive_v new_a 10._o law_n the_o earth_n 7._o manure_v to_o various_a fruit_n give_v timely_a birth_n bold_n seaman_n the_o pelagiam_fw-la blind_a ocean_n do_v invade_v voto_fw-la and_o betwixt_o strange_a land_n procure_v a_o mutual_a trade_n thence_o art_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n in_o time_n arise_v for_o art_n by_o practice_n propagate_v grow_v what_o be_v yet_o more_o strange_a they_o learn_v 19_o the_o tongue_n of_o bird_n etc._n entrail_n t'inspect_v hieroz_n burst_v snake_n with_o powerful_a word_n engastrimytho_n call_v up_o pale_a ghost_n move_v hell_n itself_o the_o noâ—…it_fw-la light_n turn_v into_o darkness_n into_o day_n the_o night_n ingenious_a industry_n make_v all_o thing_n bend_v nor_o put_v they_o to_o their_o curious_a search_n a_o end_n till_o reason_n have_v scale_v heaven_n thence_o view_v this_o round_a and_o nature_n latent_fw-la in_o its_o cause_n find_v why_o prison_n thunder_n do_v the_o suffer_a cloud_n assail_v why_o winter_n subject_a snow'_v more_o soft_a than_o summers_n 9_o hail_n whence_o kind_n earthquake_n come_v and_o subterranean_a 1669._o fire_n why_o cogitur_fw-la shower_n descend_v what_o force_n the_o ventorum_fw-la wind_n inspire_v from_o error_n thus_o she_o wonder_v mind_n uncharmed_a naturâ_fw-la unsceptred_a jove_n the_o thunderer_n disarm_v of_o name_n and_o power_n despoil_a he_o and_o assign_v fire_n to_o the_o labour_a cloud_n noise_n to_o the_o wind._n these_o to_o their_o proper_a cause_n have_v bring_v next_o on_o the_o whole_a world_n mass_n she_o cast_v her_o thought_n of_o which_o the_o appendix_n system_fw-la in_o herself_o she_o frame_v dispense_v to_o the_o sign_n both_o note_n form_n and_o name_n their_o capricorn_n aspect_n and_o their_o order_n note_n and_o see_v heaven_n change_v face_n give_v fatal_a change_n law_n this_o be_v our_o muse_n theme_n as_o yet_o latin_n display_v in_o verse_n by_o none_o propitious_a fortune_n aid_v the_o bold_a attempt_n with_o ease_n my_o life_n befriend_v and_o to_o a_o long_a and_o cheerful_a age_n extend_v that_o so_o i_o sink_v not_o with_o my_o subject_n weight_n but_o with_o like_a care_n great_a thing_n and_o small_a relate_v now_o since_o from_o heaven_n itself_o our_o verse_n descend_v and_o down_o to_o earth_n fate_n settle_v order_n tend_v we_o first_o must_v nature_n general_n state_n rehearse_v and_o draw_v the_o picture_n of_o the_o universe_n which_o whether_o it_o from_o nothing_o be_v derive_v ancient_n or_o of_o beginning_n both_o and_o end_v deprive_v have_v terra_fw-la ever_o be_v and_o ever_o shall_v endure_v or_o 9_o chaos_n sever_a from_o the_o mass_n obscure_v the_o mix_a principle_n of_o thing_n this_o bright_a world_n teem_a whilst_o darkness_n
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in_o the_o sky_n near_o where_o the_o bright_a bear_n shine_v which_o from_o heaven_n top_n on_o all_o the_o star_n look_v down_o nor_o know_v to_o seâ—…_n but_o place_v on_o the_o world_n crown_n though_o different_o whirl_v round_o the_o star_n and_o sky_n stretch_v through_o thin_a air_n the_o sacrobosc_n subtle_a axis_n lie_v pole_n who_o distant_a pole_n the_o balance_v fabric_n hold_v round_o this_o the_o star-imbellished_a orb_n be_v roll_v whilst_o yet_o itself_o unmoved_a through_o empty_a air_n and_o the_o earth_n globe_n extend_v to_o either_o bear_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o describe_v solid_a substance_n or_o oppress_v with_o weight_n though_o the_o world_n about_o weight_n upon_o it_o rest_n but_o as_o the_o air_n move_v in_o a_o circle_n go_v and_o on_o itself_o whence_o first_o it_o flow_v reflow_v what_o ever_o that_o be_v which_o still_o the_o midst_n do_v hold_v about_o which_o it_o self_n unmoved_a all_o else_o be_v roll_v so_o subtle_a it_o can_v no_o way_n be_v 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various_o return_v do_v awe_v the_o inferior_a world_n it_o be_v aspect_n be_v their_o law_n it_o be_v strong_o credit_v this_o own_v a_o light_n and_o run_v a_o course_n not_o than_o the_o 138._o sun_n be_v less_o bright_a but_o that_o remove_v from_o sight_n so_o great_a a_o way_n it_o seem_v to_o cast_v a_o dim_a and_o weak_a ray_n all_o other_o star_n it_o foyl_v none_o in_o the_o main_n be_v drench_v or_o bright_a thence_o ascend_v again_o next_o with_o the_o nimble_a december_n hare_n see_v january_n procyon_n rise_v argo_n and_o then_o the_o noble_a january_n argo_n to_o the_o sky_n from_o sea_n translate_v which_o she_o first_o do_v plough_v once_o toss_v with_o mighty_a storm_n in_o heaven_n fix_v now_o and_o deify_v for_o save_a deity_n close_o board_v she_o a_o glitter_a april_n serpent_n lie_v drace_n and_o by_o so_o order_v light_n seem_v to_o present_v his_o speckled_a body_n scaly_a ornament_n centaur_n march._n sols_n bird_n the_o march_n cup_n dear_a to_o the_o god_n of_o wine_n and_o april_n centaur_n next_o in_o a_o mix_v shape_n do_v shine_v half_a man_n half_a horse_n then_o heaven_n bright_a temple_n see_v and_o horizon_n altar_n consecrate_v to_o victory_n altar_n what_o time_n the_o enrage_a earth_n a_o giant_n race_n against_o heaven_n produce_v than_o god_n beseech_v the_o grace_n of_o the_o regnator_fw-la great_a god_n and_o jove_n himself_o ferunt_fw-la himself_o so_o claudian_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la getico_n ipsumque_fw-la jupiter_fw-la turbante_fw-la typhoeo_n sifas_fw-la est_fw-la timuisse_fw-la ferunt_fw-la fear_v too_o he_o want_v power_n to_o do_v what_o he_o can_v do_v when_o he_o amaze_v the_o rise_a earth_n behold_v how_o even_o against_o nature_n self_n nature_n rebel_v see_v mountain_n heap_v on_o mountain_n to_o aspire_v and_o star_n from_o the_o approach_a hill_n retire_v charge_v with_o dire_a arm_n by_o a_o rock_n a_o applicable_a to_o this_o place_n may_v seem_v this_o not_o common_a and_o not_o unelegant_a description_n of_o sidorius_fw-la apâ—…llinar_a in_o carm._n 9_o add_v foeliâ—…em_n nâ—…n_fw-la hic_fw-la terrigenam_fw-la loquor_fw-la cohortem_fw-la admixto_fw-la magè_fw-fr â—…ividam_fw-la veneno_fw-la cui_fw-la praeter_fw-la speciem_fw-la 〈◊〉_d câ—…rentem_fw-la aâ—…gues_fw-la corporibus_fw-la voluminosis_n aâ—…te_a squammea_n cruâ—…a_fw-la porrigentes_fw-la in_o a_o estigia_fw-la fauce_fw-la desinebant_fw-la sic_fw-la â—…ormae_fw-la triplicis_fw-la procax_fw-la juventus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d pedem_fw-la proterens_fw-la voraci_fw-la cur_n â—…at_fw-la capitum_fw-la stupenda_fw-la gressu_fw-la et_fw-la cum_fw-la classica_fw-la numinum_fw-la sonabant_fw-la mex_n câ—…ntrà _fw-la tonitrus_fw-la resibilante_fw-la and_o hâ—…t_fw-la superos_fw-la ciere_fw-la plantâ_fw-la nec_fw-la phâ—…egrae_n legis_fw-la ampliata_fw-la rura_fw-la missi_fw-la dum_fw-la â—…olitant_a per_fw-la astra_fw-la mâ—…ntes_fw-la pindus_n pelion_n ossa_n olympus_n othryâ—…_n cumsilvis_n gregibus_fw-la fâ—…ris_fw-la pruinis_fw-la sâ—…xis_fw-la fontibus_fw-la oppidis_fw-la levati_fw-la viâ—…rantium_n spatiâ—…siorum_fw-la dextrâ_fw-la of_o the_o earthborn_a race_n be_v not_o our_o song_n who_o by_o mix_v poison_n grow_v more_o strong_a their_o limb_n immeasurable_o vast_a about_o who_o leg_n wreathe_v
straw_n to_o retard_v his_o pursuit_n whence_o the_o original_a of_o that_o name_n in_o syriack_n it_o be_v call_v shevil_n téuno_n by_o the_o persian_n rah_o kahkeshân_n i._n e._n via_n paleamtrahens_n the_o turk_n call_v it_o samân_n ughrisi_n i._n e._n palâ—…am_fw-la rapiens_fw-la in_o the_o coptick_n tongue_n it_o be_v call_v pinóiten_n tépitoc_n i._n e._n via_fw-la straminis_fw-la other_o call_v it_o viam_fw-la romae_fw-la and_o viam_fw-la sancti_fw-la jacobi_fw-la the_o turk_n hâgjiler_n yuli_n i._n e._n via_fw-la festum_fw-la agentium_fw-la or_o the_o way_n of_o pilgrim_n to_o mecha_n by_o the_o egyptian_a astrologer_n call_v porta_n mansionum_fw-la lunae_fw-la it_o be_v a_o great_a circle_n have_v for_o centre_n the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n or_o rather_o a_o oblique_a conspicuous_a zone_n of_o a_o different_a breadth_n or_o latitude_n be_v no_o where_o broad_a than_o 10_o degree_n and_o in_o some_o place_n not_o exceed_v 6_o or_o 7._o in_o some_o stretch_n to_o 8_o or_o 9_o where_o its_o course_n be_v not_o divide_v from_o this_o circle_n as_o pliny_n l._n 18._o â—…_n 29._o report_v the_o ancient_n believe_v all_o plant_n receive_v their_o milky_a juice_n or_o nourishment_n and_o hence_o perhaps_o be_v that_o arabic_a name_n of_o they_o all_o sama_n i._n e._n mater_fw-la coeli_fw-la quasi_fw-la ejus_fw-la lactatrix_fw-la nor_o less_o famous_a for_o the_o strange_a production_n which_o modern_a eperience_n have_v observe_v therein_o it_o be_v find_v the_o storehouse_n from_o whence_o have_v issue_v all_o the_o new_a phaenomena_n that_o have_v happen_v either_o in_o this_o or_o the_o precedent_n age._n other_o carry_v tow'rd_v the_o oppose_a bear_n way_n galaxia_fw-la or_o the_o milky_a way_n its_o course_n close_o by_o the_o arctic_a circle_n steer_v and_o by_o invert_v cassiopea_n tend_v thence_o by_o the_o swan_n oblique_o it_o descend_v the_o summer_n tropic_n and_o jove_n bird_n divide_v then_o cross_a the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o zodiac_n glide_v betwixt_o scorpio_n burn_a tail_n and_o the_o left_a part_n of_o sagittarius_fw-la near_o the_o fiery_a dart_n then_o by_o the_o other_o centaur_n leg_n and_o foot_n wind_v remount_v the_o sky_n again_o to_o meet_v by_o argo_n topsail_n and_o heaven_n middle_a sphere_n pass_v the_o twin_n to_o overtake_v the_o charioteer_n thence_o cassiopea_n seek_v thou_o do_v run_v over_o perseus_n head_n and_o end_n where_o it_o begin_v three_o middle_a circle_n and_o the_o zodiac_n too_o twice_o pass_v and_o by_o that_o as_o oft_o past_a through_o nor_o need_v it_o to_o be_v seek_v its_o obvious_a course_n itself_o illustrate_v and_o the_o sight_n do_v force_n for_o in_o the_o azure_a sky_n its_o candid_a way_n shine_v like_o the_o dawn_a morn_n or_o close_v day_n and_o as_o by_o often_o pass_v over_o some_o green_a a_o even_a path_n part_v the_o mead_n be_v see_v or_o as_o a_o ship_n plough_v the_o sea_n smooth_a plain_n of_o foam_a bubble_n leave_v a_o silver_n train_n so_o shine_v its_o milky_a path_n in_o the_o dark_a night_n part_v the_o blue_a sky_n with_o its_o numerous_a light_n and_o as_o through_o cloud_n the_o rainbow_n do_v extend_v so_o on_o olympus_n height_n show_v its_o white_a bend_n and_o mortal_n fill_v with_o wonder_n whilst_o they_o spy_v new_a light_n unknown_a flame_n dart_v through_o the_o sky_n the_o sacred_a cause_n humane_a breast_n inquire_v whether_o the_o heavenly_a 507._o heavenly_a the_o opinion_n of_o diodorus_n who_o conceive_v the_o via_fw-la lactea_fw-la to_o be_v a_o celestial_a fire_n of_o a_o dense_n and_o compact_a nature_n show_v itself_o through_o the_o cleft_n of_o the_o start_n and_o divide_v hemisphere_n as_o macrobius_n in_o somn._fw-la scip._n l._n 1._o c._n 15._o express_v it_o ignem_fw-la densatae_fw-la concretaeque_fw-la naturae_fw-la in_fw-la unam_fw-la curvi_fw-la limitis_fw-la semitam_fw-la discretione_fw-la mundanae_fw-la fabricae_fw-la coacervante_fw-la concretum_fw-la hence_o say_v gassendus_fw-la we_o may_v observe_v genium_fw-la stoicae_fw-la providentiae_fw-la they_o calculate_v the_o destruction_n of_o the_o world_n to_o commence_v from_o the_o breach_n or_o loosen_a of_o the_o commissure_v of_o the_o close_a globe_n to_o which_o doubtless_o manilius_n here_o allude_v vide_fw-la gassend_n tom._n 1._o l._n 1._o p._n 506_o 507._o segment_n there_o retire_v galaxy_n various_a opinion_n concern_v the_o galaxy_n the_o whole_a mass_n shrink_v and_o the_o part_a frame_n through_o cleave_a chink_n admit_v the_o strange_a flame_n astonishment_n must_v sure_o their_o sense_n reach_v to_o see_v the_o world_n wound_n and_o heaven_n gape_v breach_n or_o meet_v heaven_n here_o and_o this_o white_a cloud_n appear_v â—…oitat_fw-la appear_v the_o fancy_n of_o theophrastus_n that_o great_a philosopher_n who_o declare_v the_o galaxy_n to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o solder_n and_o knit_v together_o of_o the_o hemisphere_n so_o macrobius_n deliver_v it_o lacteum_fw-la dixit_fw-la esse_fw-la compagem_fw-la quâ_fw-la de_fw-la duobus_fw-la hemisphaeriis_fw-la coeli_fw-la sphaera_fw-la solidata_fw-la est_fw-la &_o ubi_fw-la oâ—…ae_fw-la convenerint_fw-la notabilem_fw-la claritatem_fw-la videri_fw-la vide_fw-la illum_fw-la loco_fw-la â—…oitat_fw-la the_o cement_n of_o the_o close-wedged_a hemisphere_n or_o seem_v that_o old_a opinion_n of_o more_o sway_n that_o the_o sun_n 1._o sun_n oenâ—…pides_fw-la chius_n according_a to_o achilles_n tatius_n in_o arat._n phaenomen_fw-la affirm_v that_o this_o circle_n be_v ancient_o the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n till_o fright_v from_o that_o tract_n by_o thyestes_n his_o bloody_a banquet_n he_o choose_v this_o he_o now_o hold_v in_o the_o zodiac_n but_o leave_v behind_o he_o the_o impression_n of_o his_o former_a course_n of_o which_o ridiculous_a opinion_n be_v likewise_o metrodorus_n and_o some_o other_o pythagorean_n whereof_o plutarch_n in_o placit_fw-la philosoph_n l._n 3._o c._n 1._o horse_n here_o once_o run_v astray_o and_o a_o new_a path_n mark_v in_o their_o straggle_a flight_n of_o scorch_a sky_n and_o star_n adu_v light_n change_a to_o pale_a white_a heaven_n azure_a face_n and_o with_o the_o burn_a world_n ash_n strew_v the_o place_n fame_n likewise_o from_o old_a time_n to_o we_o succeed_v how_o citat_fw-la how_o see_v ovid_n metamorphos_n l._n 2._o and_o plutarch_n loco_fw-la citat_fw-la phaethon_n drive_v his_o father_n steed_n through_o radiant_a sign_n and_o with_o a_o wound_a eye_n view_v the_o approach_v beauty_n of_o the_o sky_n whilst_o in_o his_o chariot_n proud_a he_o childlike_a play_n and_o thing_n yet_o great_a than_o his_o sire_n essay_n leave_v the_o know_a path_n and_o a_o rough_a tract_n impress_v in_o the_o smooth_a sky_n whilst_o wander_a flame_n infest_v the_o affright_a sign_n not_o brook_v the_o loose_a course_n of_o the_o err_a chariot_n and_o ill-guided_n horse_n hence_o the_o whole_a world_n become_v a_o fiery_a spoil_n and_o burn_a city_n make_v earth_n funeral_n pile_n when_o from_o the_o hurry_v chariot_n lightning_n flee_v and_o scatter_a blaze_n all_o the_o sky_n o'respr_v by_o who_o approach_n new_a star_n enkindle_v be_v which_o still_o as_o mark_n of_o that_o sad_a chance_n appear_v nor_o must_v that_o gentle_a rumour_n be_v suppress_v how_o juno_n how_o eratosthenes_n as_o cite_v by_o acâ—…iller_n tatius_n in_o arati_fw-la phaenomen_fw-la be_v repute_v the_o father_n of_o this_o fable_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n partitio_fw-la or_o rather_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n asterismi_n which_o be_v by_o achilles_n tatius_n thus_o relate_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n hercules_n be_v a_o infant_n suck_v at_o juno_n breast_n and_o too_o hardly_o press_v the_o nipple_n she_o sudden_o withdraw_v it_o and_o spill_v the_o milk_n which_o form_v this_o circle_n in_o the_o heaven_n the_o like_a say_v he_o be_v report_v by_o the_o same_o eratosthenes_n of_o mercury_n suck_v juno_n milk_n once_o flow_v from_o fair_a juno_n breast_n stain_v the_o celestial_a pavement_n from_o whence_o come_v this_o milky_a path_n its_o cause_n show_v in_o its_o name_n or_o be_v it_o a_o other_o a_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o gâ—…laxie_n which_o long_o since_o by_o conjecture_n and_o probable_a reason_n be_v assert_v by_o democritus_n as_o plutarch_n in_o placitis_fw-la philosoph_n atte_v but_o since_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o telescope_n clear_o demonstrate_v by_o galileo_n kepler_n and_o other_o crowd_n of_o star_n crown_v the_o night_n a_o candid_a diadem_n of_o condense_v light_n or_o 2._o or_o the_o ancient_a ethnic_n believe_v the_o condense_a light_n of_o the_o milky_a way_n to_o proceed_v from_o the_o crowd_n and_o multitude_n of_o valiant_a wise_a and_o pious_a soul_n inhabit_v that_o circle_n hence_o macrobius_n in_o somn._fw-la scipionis_fw-la rursus_fw-la filium_fw-la pater_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o deos_fw-la piuâ—…_n nt_v in_o homines_fw-la justus_n esset_fw-la hortatus_fw-la praemium_fw-la adjecit_fw-la ostendens_fw-la lacteum_fw-la circulum_fw-la virtutibus_fw-la debitum_fw-la &_o beatorum_fw-la coetu_fw-la râ—…fertum_fw-la believe_v no_o less_o even_o by_o christian_n
westward_o but_o if_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o evening_n the_o sun_n be_v set_v than_o it_o seem_v caudata_n the_o train_n flow_v from_o behind_o the_o sun_n eastward_o but_o it_o be_v more_o proper_o say_v to_o be_v barbata_n when_o the_o head_n or_o body_n of_o the_o comet_n be_v above_o and_o the_o train_n or_o stream_n underneath_o flowâ—…ng_v downward_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d more_o barbae_fw-la in_o opposition_n to_o that_o which_o be_v call_v crinita_fw-la who_o hair_n or_o bash_n be_v above_o the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n see_v stobaeus_n eclog_n physic._n l._n 1._o and_o suidas_n in_o voce_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d beard_n barbata_n pogonias_n or_o stella_fw-la barbata_n sometime_o betwixt_o equal-bounded_n sides_n it_o flow_v and_o a_o square_a 5._o square_a this_o comâ—…_n or_o meteor_n be_v call_v in_o english_a a_o beam_n or_o post_n in_o latin_a trabs_fw-la in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n igniâ—…a_fw-la trabs_fw-la when_o extend_v to_o a_o extraordinary_a length_n it_o be_v by_o the_o greek_n likewise_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n via_n as_o aâ—…istotle_n meteorolog_n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o affiâ—…ms_n pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 26_o report_v such_o a_o one_o to_o have_v appear_v at_o what_o time_n the_o lacedaemonian_n vanquâ—…shed_v in_o fight_n at_o sea_n lose_v the_o empire_n of_o greece_n and_o charimandâ—…r_v in_o his_o book_n of_o comet_n as_o cite_v by_o seneca_n natur._n quaest._n l._n 7._o relaâ—…s_v the_o like_a meteor_n of_o unusual_a brightness_n and_o greatness_n to_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o anaxagoras_n for_o many_o day_n continuance_n callisthenes_n likewise_o affirm_v such_o a_o one_o to_o have_v appear_v a_o little_a before_o buris_n and_o helice_n be_v swallow_v up_o in_o the_o sea_n the_o difference_n between_o a_o trabs_fw-la and_o columna_fw-la be_v this_o the_o first_o be_v of_o a_o oblong_a form_n in_o a_o down_o lie_v posture_n the_o latter_a appear_v in_o a_o erect_a figure_n vide_fw-la fromond_n meteor_n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o post_n or_o a_o round_a pillar_n show_v trabs_fw-la dokiâ—…_n or_o trabs_fw-la like_o a_o big-bellied_a 8._o big-bellied_a call_v therefore_o by_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d dolium_fw-la and_o thence_o by_o the_o latin_n pithete_n thus_o describe_v by_o pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 25._o pithete_n doliorum_fw-la cernitur_fw-la figuran_n in_fw-la câ—…ncavo_fw-la fumidae_fw-la lucis_fw-la i._n e._n pithete_n be_v see_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o barrel_n or_o tun_n within_o the_o concave_n of_o a_o fumid_a or_o smoky_a light_n which_o according_a to_o seneca_n natural_a quaest._n l._n 7._o vel_fw-la fertur_fw-la vel_fw-la in_o uno_fw-la loco_fw-la flagrat_fw-la and_o to_o this_o kind_n be_v to_o be_v reduce_v the_o meteor_n call_v tenaculum_fw-la sub_fw-la cinerâ—…o_fw-la fumo_fw-la luridum_fw-la say_v ricciolus_n almag_n nou._n tom._n 1._o l._n 8._o tun_n now_o its_o swell_a beam_n pithete_n pithete_n dilate_v and_o then_o contract_v to_o narrow_a stream_n like_o little_a cincinnulus_fw-la little_a know_a by_o the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o resemblance_n it_o bear_v to_o a_o small_a lock_n or_o curl_n of_o hair_n which_o in_o greek_a be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a cincinnulus_fw-la lock_n which_o in_o small_a curl_n be_v tie_v bostruchias_n bostruchias_n now_o like_v fire_v length_n fire_v manilius_n here_o describe_v these_o kind_n of_o meteor_n by_o the_o periphrasis_n of_o hirta_n mâ—…ssis_n they_o be_v common_o call_v stipulae_fw-la ardentes_fw-la resemble_v the_o fire_n of_o straw_n or_o stubble_n in_o the_o field_n which_o appear_v as_o aristotle_n say_v when_o the_o exhalation_n that_o cause_v they_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o considerable_a breadth_n and_o length_n sheaf_n now_o like_o branch_a sack_v branch_a call_v therefore_o lampadias_n imitate_v burn_a lamp_n or_o torch_n which_o manilius_n here_o divide_v into_o â—…issus_fw-la ramâ—…sos_fw-la branch_a spray_n and_o be_v not_o see_v but_o in_o their_o fall_n of_o these_o kind_n pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 26._o report_v one_o to_o have_v appear_v at_o noon_n in_o sight_n of_o all_o the_o roman_a people_n at_o what_o time_n caesar_n germanicus_n exhibit_v a_o prize_n or_o spectacle_n of_o fencer_n he_o make_v of_o they_o a_o double_a difference_n the_o first_o call_v lampades_fw-la lamp_n or_o torch_n which_o burn_v only_o at_o the_o top_n though_o they_o draw_v a_o long_a fume_a train_n after_o they_o the_o other_o call_v bolides_n common_o english_v lance_n burn_v through_o the_o whole_a extent_n or_o length_n of_o their_o train_n of_o which_o last_o sort_n say_v he_o there_o be_v some_o see_v in_o the_o calamity_n oâ—…_n 〈◊〉_d when_o that_o city_n be_v sack_v lamp_n descry_v ardentes_fw-la stipulae_fw-la ardentes_fw-la now_o fall_v sparkle_v fall_v anaxagoras_n will_v have_v these_o kind_n of_o meteor_n to_o be_v sparkle_n fall_v from_o the_o fiery_a region_n by_o eunapius_n in_o aeâ—…es_n they_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d effluentiae_fw-la seu_fw-la trajectiones_fw-la quaedam_fw-la stellarum_fw-la by_o aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d discursus_fw-la seu_fw-la stellae_fw-la fluxus_fw-la by_o the_o arab_n call_v shihâb_v which_o as_o i_o find_v in_o the_o commentator_n upon_o ulugh_n â—…eight_n table_n be_v expound_v stella_fw-la quae_fw-la nocte_fw-la incedit_fw-la sicuâ—…_n ignis_fw-la and_o stella_n daemon_n pellens_fw-la for_o the_o ancient_a arab_n and_o eaâ—…ern_a people_n fancy_v fall_v star_n to_o be_v fiery_a dart_n lance_v from_o heaven_n against_o the_o devil_n or_o evil_a spirit_n of_o the_o air_n as_o be_v likewise_o observe_v by_o the_o learned_a golius_n notis_fw-la in_fw-la alferganum_fw-la p._n 65._o but_o fromondus_n meteor_n l._n 2._o c._n 3._o according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o aristotle_n describe_v they_o to_o be_v a_o fiery_a exhalation_n expulse_v out_o of_o a_o cloud_n have_v the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o true_a star_n fall_v they_o be_v conceive_v to_o come_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n and_o origine_fw-la as_o lightning_n though_o they_o be_v not_o attend_v by_o thunder_n at_o least_o as_o to_o we_o perceivable_a bear_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o lightning_n as_o the_o fire_n of_o a_o musket_n do_v to_o that_o of_o a_o canon_n for_o as_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n we_o may_v see_v the_o fire_n of_o a_o musket_n but_o scarce_o hear_v its_o noise_n but_o of_o a_o canon_n within_o the_o same_o distance_n we_o may_v both_o see_v the_o fire_n and_o hear_v the_o noise_n so_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o exility_n of_o the_o exhalation_n we_o hear_v not_o the_o noise_n when_o these_o fall_a star_n break_v from_o a_o cloud_n as_o we_o do_v thunder_n when_o usher_v by_o lightning_n fromondus_n compare_v these_o meteor_n to_o ouâ—…_n kind_a of_o firework_n call_v rocket_n though_o their_o motion_n be_v different_a the_o one_o be_v force_v upward_o the_o other_o downward_o which_o run_v in_o a_o train_n and_o fall_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o star_n and_o therefore_o pliny_n call_v they_o scintillas_fw-la &_o discursus_fw-la stellarum_fw-la ptolemy_n trajectiones_fw-la both_o which_o our_o poet_n express_v when_o he_o say_v they_o shoot_v and_o sparkle_v star_n seem_v to_o shoot_v every_o where_o lampadias_n lampadias_n cadens_fw-la stella_fw-la cadens_fw-la when_o wander_a light_n do_v sparkle_v in_o the_o air_n and_o dart_v flame_n swift_a pale_a swift_a call_v in_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o from_o thence_o in_o the_o latin_a acontiae_n which_o as_o pliny_n say_v jaculi_fw-la mâ—…do_fw-la vibrantur_fw-la 〈◊〉_d significatu_fw-la of_o which_o the_o emperor_n titus_n or_o as_o some_o will_v tiberius_n be_v say_v to_o have_v write_v a_o excellent_a poem_n this_o meteor_n when_o it_o appear_v in_o a_o short_a form_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n ensis_n gladius_n seu_fw-la pugio_fw-la the_o head_n or_o body_n of_o the_o comet_n represent_v the_o hilt_n the_o ray_n or_o jubar_fw-la the_o blade_n of_o a_o sword_n and_o appear_v of_o all_o other_o the_o most_o pale_a arrow_n imitate_v acontiae_n acontiae_n when_o the_o dry_a train_n run_v in_o a_o narrow_a strait_n for_o every_o thing_n do_v mix_v fire_n enfold_v that_o dwell_v in_o pregnant_a cloud_n which_o thunder_n mould_n pierce_v earth_n vein_n heaven_n terror_n counterfeit_v from_o aetna_n cave_n in_o spring_n cold_a water_n heat_n lurk_v in_o hard_a flint_n and_o in_o green_a bark_n find_v room_n when_o wood_n by_o their_o motion_n their_o to_o this_o accident_n vitruvius_n l_o 2._o c._n 1._o ascribe_v the_o original_a of_o our_o culmary_n fire_n where_o he_o say_v ab_fw-la tempestâ—…_n &_o ventis_fw-la densae_fw-la crebriâ—…ibus_fw-la aâ—…bores_fw-la agitatae_fw-la &_o inter_fw-la se_fw-la 〈◊〉_d ramos_n ignem_fw-la exâ—…itaverunt_fw-la which_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o ancient_n they_o from_o thence_o
derive_v their_o 〈◊〉_d by_o rub_v one_o stick_n against_o another_o until_o be_v heat_v they_o catch_v fire_n which_o they_o feed_v by_o dry_a leave_n and_o such_o like_a combuâ—…ible_a fuel_n this_o part_n say_v turnebus_n noâ—…is_n in_o theophra_v de_fw-la igne_fw-la be_v by_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n fâ—…cus_n or_o according_a to_o the_o scholiast_n of_o apollonius_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n strator_n which_o we_o may_v compare_v with_o our_o tinder_n the_o other_o part_n which_o be_v the_o stick_v theâ—…_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n terebrum_fw-la and_o serve_v instead_o of_o our_o flint_n and_o steel_n the_o tree_n most_o subject_a to_o this_o manner_n of_o take_v fire_n be_v reckon_v the_o figtree_n laurel_n oak_n and_o ilex_fw-la the_o tile-tree_n ivy_n and_o vine_n but_o especial_o the_o laurel_n coneparius_fw-la de_fw-la atramentis_fw-la c._n 13._o reckon_v up_o these_o several_a way_n of_o generate_a and_o kindle_v fire_n propagatione_fw-la putredine_fw-la coitione_fw-la antispasi_fw-la frictione_n &_o percussione_n which_o he_o reduce_v to_o these_o three_o kind_n propagation_n coition_n and_o motion_n in_o which_o the_o rest_n be_v include_v for_o putredo_fw-la and_o antispasis_n kindle_v fire_n by_o compel_v the_o disperse_a heat_n to_o unite_v together_o and_o therefore_o fall_v under_o the_o head_n of_o coition_n as_o friction_n and_o percussion_n under_o that_o of_o motion_n collision_n flame_v assume_v so_o fertile_a every_o matter_n be_v in_o fire_n nor_o sudden_a flame_n break_v through_o sky_n admire_v nor_o frequent_a coruscation_n by_o earth_n hot_a exhaling_a vapour_n in_o the_o air_n beget_v which_o the_o swift-feeding_a flame_n pursue_v or_o fly_v since_o tremble_a lightning_n dart_v through_o the_o sky_n thou_o may_v behold_v in_o midst_n of_o fall_a rain_n and_o thunder_n through_o force_a cloud_n its_o way_n constrain_v whether_o from_o 10._o from_o he_o resume_v his_o former_a argument_n touch_v the_o original_a of_o comet_n and_o begin_v with_o that_o of_o the_o peripatetic_n assert_v as_o be_v before_o note_v comet_n to_o come_v from_o a_o sulphureous_a unctuous_a ignescent_fw-la matter_n exhale_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n etc._n etc._n vide_fw-la aristotel_n meteor_n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o and_o 10._o fiery_a seed_n enclose_v in_o earth_n into_o their_o cause_n far_o inquire_v into_o and_o thence_o emit_v comet_n draw_v their_o birth_n or_o nature_n do_v those_o fade_a light_n design_v as_o sidera_fw-la as_o the_o opinion_n of_o anaxagoras_n and_o democritus_n who_o hold_v comet_n to_o be_v the_o coapparition_n of_o wander_a star_n or_o planet_n which_o when_o they_o approach_v near_o each_o other_o seem_v mutual_o to_o touch_v and_o to_o become_v as_o it_o be_v all_o one_o or_o as_o plutarch_n express_v it_o a_o conjunction_n of_o divers_a star_n meet_v with_o their_o light_n together_o or_o according_a to_o laertius_n a_o concourse_n of_o planet_n emit_v flame_n oâ—…_n which_o opinion_n likewise_o be_v zeno_n in_o seneca_n natural_a quaest._n l._n 7._o c._n 19_o our_o zeno_n say_v he_o be_v of_o the_o opinion_n of_o these_o who_o judge_v the_o star_n to_o concur_v and_o intermingle_v their_o ray_n and_o by_o that_o society_n of_o light_a to_o beget_v the_o image_n of_o a_o long_a star_n which_o collâ—…cency_n from_o the_o conjunction_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o divers_a star_n or_o planet_n manilius_n here_o call_v subjuncta_fw-la sidera_fw-la subunited_n star_n in_o heaven_n to_o shine_v or_o the_o 1._o the_o the_o chaldean_n as_o stobaeus_n eclog._n physic._n c._n 3._o deliver_v their_o opinion_n hold_v that_o there_o be_v other_o planet_n beside_o those_o ordinary_o observe_v which_o be_v sometime_o inconspicuous_a in_o regard_n they_o move_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n above_o we_o but_o now_o and_o then_o appear_v when_o they_o come_v near_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o run_v a_o low_a course_n at_o which_o time_n by_o those_o who_o know_v they_o not_o to_o be_v star_n they_o be_v call_v comet_n again_o they_o seem_v to_o disappear_v and_o vanish_v when_o they_o retire_v back_o into_o the_o depth_n or_o profundity_n of_o the_o aetherial_a region_n as_o fish_n cease_v to_o be_v discern_v when_o they_o sink_v down_o into_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o which_o opinion_n likewise_o seneca_n reckon_v apollonius_n mindius_n who_o hold_v these_o to_o be_v aeterna_fw-la naturae_fw-la opera_fw-la or_o to_o use_v pliâ—…y's_n word_n esse_fw-la sydera_fw-la perpetua_fw-la suoque_fw-la ambitu_fw-la ire_n sed_fw-la non_fw-la nisi_fw-la relicta_fw-la à _fw-la sole_a cerni_fw-la whence_o by_o manilius_n they_o be_v say_v sometime_o to_o be_v involve_v sometime_o dismiss_v by_o the_o sun_n see_v ricciolus_n in_o almage_a nou._n tom._n â—…_n l._n 8._o and_o gassendus_fw-la tom._n 1._o l._n 5._o c._n 1._o sun_n be_v rapid_a course_n these_o meteor_n rear_v and_o draw_v to_o himself_o his_o flame_n involve_v they_o and_o now_o dismiss_v like_o see_v like_o mercury_n who_o because_o he_o make_v aâ—…_n almost_o equal_a course_n with_o the_o sun_n and_o ascend_v not_o as_o aristotle_n say_v to_o any_o great_a height_n above_o the_o horizon_n be_v therefore_o seldom_o see_v cyllenius_n light_n or_o fair_a matri_fw-la fair_a venus_n so_o call_v from_o her_o mother_n dione_n daughter_n of_o tethys_n and_o oceanus_n whence_o that_o of_o theocritus_n eidyll_n 15._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d dionaea_n cypris_n and_o of_o virgil._n aeneid_n 3._o sacra_fw-la dionaea_n matri_fw-la dione_n star_n usher_n to_o night_n which_o often_o shine_n as_o oft_o the_o sight_n delude_v hide_v themselves_o and_o then_o again_o be_v view_v or_o god_n in_o pity_n to_o our_o humane_a state_n send_v these_o as_o potentate_n as_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o illiterate_a assert_v likâ—…wise_o by_o the_o learned_a of_o divers_a age_n several_a of_o the_o ancient_a father_n maintain_v the_o opinion_n that_o comet_n be_v make_v by_o the_o immediate_a act_n and_o power_n of_o god_n and_o design_v for_o the_o terror_n dâ—…ruction_n or_o 〈◊〉_d at_o â—…ast_n of_o the_o offend_a world_n especial_o of_o prince_n 〈◊〉_d of_o which_o opinion_n be_v â—…koned_v tertullian_n nicephorus_n dâ—…scen_n and_o saint_n aâ—…_n vide_fw-la â—…lum_fw-la aâ—…st_fw-la nâ—…v_n tem._n 2._o l._n 8._o petit_fw-fr disserâ—…ac_n sur_fw-fr les_fw-fr câ—…es_fw-fr where_o he_o discourse_v against_o that_o opinion_n and_o l'escaloperius_n in_o ciceron_n de_fw-fr nâ—…tur_fw-la deorum_fw-la moderate_v the_o assertion_n of_o damascen_n who_o 〈◊〉_d comet_n to_o be_v send_v by_o god_n as_o the_o pâ—…culiar_a â—…orerunning_a sign_n of_o the_o death_n of_o king_n and_o potentate_n nuncio_n of_o ensue_v fate_n never_o do_v heaven_n with_o these_o fire_n vain_o burn_v delude_v swain_n their_o blast_a labour_n mourn_v effect_n their_o calaâ—…_n effect_n and_o the_o tire_a husbandman_n to_o fruitless_a toil_n compel_v his_o ox_n in_o a_o barren_a soil_n or_o the_o lethiferous_a fire_n their_o body_n kill_v waste_v their_o marrow_n out_o with_o linger_a ill_n people_n consume_v whole_a town_n depopulate_v whilst_o flame_v 8._o flame_v by_o burn_v of_o the_o dead_a which_o be_v customary_a with_o most_o nation_n among_o the_o ancient_n especial_o with_o the_o athenian_n and_o the_o greek_n in_o general_a for_o so_o say_v the_o scholiast_n of_o thucydides_n l._n 2._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v establish_v by_o law_n among_o the_o athenian_n and_o all_o the_o greek_n the_o ground_n 〈◊〉_d reason_n thereof_o proceed_v from_o their_o opinion_n that_o what_o be_v divine_a and_o immortal_a in_o man_n be_v by_o that_o hery_n vâ—…iculum_n carry_v up_o to_o heaven_n and_o what_o ever_o be_v terrestrial_a and_o mortal_a subside_v in_o the_o ash_n they_o do_v by_o that_o mean_v likewise_o as_o they_o conceive_v according_a to_o the_o testimony_n of_o psiny_n l._n 7._o c._n 54._o avoid_v the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o air_n by_o the_o putrefaction_n of_o bury_a carcase_n but_o especial_o the_o injury_n or_o ignominy_n which_o may_v be_v doâ—…e_v to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o dead_a by_o take_v they_o out_o of_o the_o grave_a ere_o consume_v for_o which_o reason_n the_o tyrant_n sylla_n order_v his_o corpse_n to_o be_v burn_v lest_o he_o may_v be_v serve_v in_o the_o same_o kind_a as_o he_o before_o have_v serve_v his_o enemy_n â—…ius_n marius_n who_o body_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v dig_v up_o and_o throw_v into_o the_o river_n aniene_n now_o teverone_n as_o cacero_n in_o secundo_fw-la de_fw-la legibus_fw-la and_o plutarch_n in_o his_o life_n testify_v this_o custom_n of_o burn_v the_o dead_a cease_v among_o the_o roman_n about_o the_o time_n of_o maximinus_n the_o tyrant_n or_o not_o long_o before_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o point_v out_o the_o precise_a time_n seem_v to_o be_v abolish_v by_o the_o contrary_a custom_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o christian_n especial_o by_o the_o prevalence_n of_o the_o latâ—…er_n vide_fw-la kirkmanum_fw-la de_fw-la funere_fw-la rom._n l._n 1._o c._n 2._o &_o
according_a to_o who_o opinion_n 520._o at_o the_o expiration_n of_o every_o nine_o year_n the_o new_a moon_n return_v again_o at_o the_o same_o hour_n unto_o the_o same_o point_n of_o the_o heaven_n in_o which_o it_o be_v nine_o year_n before_o but_o this_o cycle_n prove_v erroneous_a be_v afterward_o correct_v by_o meâ—…on_n 〈…〉_z pythagoras_n the_o samian_n travel_v into_o egypt_n and_o chaldaea_n to_o improve_v 5â—…9_n himself_o in_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n and_o astronomy_n he_o first_o discover_v that_o lucifer_n and_o hesperus_n believe_v before_o to_o be_v two_o several_a star_n be_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o be_v the_o planet_n venus_n the_o invention_n of_o the_o zodiack_n obliquity_n be_v likewise_o ascribe_v to_o he_o he_o first_o give_v to_o the_o world_n the_o name_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o order_n and_o beauty_n of_o all_o thing_n comprehend_v in_o it_o assert_v the_o same_o to_o be_v make_v according_a to_o musical_a proportion_n and_o the_o seven_o planet_n to_o have_v a_o harmonious_a motion_n and_o interval_n correspondent_a to_o musical_a diasteme_n he_o hold_v the_o sun_n by_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n term_v the_o fiery_a globe_n of_o unity_n to_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o the_o earth_n to_o move_v about_o it_o alcmaeon_n of_o crotona_n son_n of_o perithus_n disciple_n to_o pythagoras_n a_o physician_n 490._o and_o physiologist_n assert_v that_o the_o planet_n hold_v a_o opposite_a course_n to_o that_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n as_o plutarch_n affirm_v plac._n philosoph_n l._n 2._o c._n 16._o anaxagoras_n clazomenius_fw-la disciple_n to_o anaximenes_n hold_v 480._o the_o moon_n to_o be_v a_o dark_a body_n enlighten_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o to_o be_v habitable_a have_v plain_n hill_n and_o water_n as_o the_o earth_n have_v democritus_n of_o abdera_n disciple_n to_o anaxagoras_n &_o leucippus_n write_v 470._o of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o other_o planet_n of_o the_o annus_fw-la magnus_fw-la and_o astronomical_a prognostic_n of_o which_o pliny_n hist._n nat._n lib._n 18._o cap._n 35._o and_o the_o scholiast_n upon_o apollonii_fw-la argon_fw-la lib._n 2._o cite_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d laertius_n mention_n his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sive_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d empedocles_n who_o study_v under_o parmenides_n pythagoras_n &_o anaxagoras_n 470._o write_v beside_o his_o other_o piece_n of_o philosophy_n of_o the_o sphere_n in_o verse_n yet_o extant_a though_o the_o same_o by_o some_o be_v ascribe_v not_o to_o he_o but_o to_o demetrius_n triclinius_n timaeus_n locrus_n a_o pythagorean_n philosopher_n write_v the_o naturâ_fw-la munâ—…_n 450._o from_o which_o piece_n plato_n borrow_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o dialogue_n entitle_v 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o beginning_n whereof_o he_o commend_v timaeus_n as_o most_o know_v and_o 〈◊〉_d astronomy_n meton_n a_o athenian_a astronomer_n observe_v with_o euctemon_n the_o solstice_n 432._o and_o instead_o of_o cleostratus_n octaeteris_fw-la introduce_v a_o novendecennial_a cycle_n call_v meton_n cycle_n or_o the_o golden_a number_n hippocrates_n write_v of_o judge_v of_o disease_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o astronomy_n 432._o which_o by_o gesner_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v publish_v by_o joannes_n ganivettus_fw-la at_o lion_n in_o the_o year_n 1508._o a_o imperfect_a ms._n copy_n whereof_o be_v now_o extant_a in_o gonvil_n and_o caius_n college_n in_o cambridge_n euctemon_n observe_v at_o athens_n the_o solstice_n 108_o year_n before_o the_o death_n 432._o of_o alexander_n the_o great_a see_v more_o of_o he_o in_o pliny_n hist._n lib._n 18._o philolaus_n of_o croton_n a_o pythagorean_n philosopher_n maintain_v the_o opinion_n 430._o of_o the_o earth_n motion_n about_o the_o sun_n of_o which_o sentiment_n be_v likewise_o seleucus_n cleanthes_n samius_n leucippus_n and_o ecphantus_n as_o also_o heraclides_fw-la ponticus_n who_o write_v as_o we_o find_v it_o cite_v by_o 430._o chalcidius_n in_o timaeum_n of_o the_o planetary_a sphere_n or_o circle_n conceive_v by_o mâ—…ursius_n christum_fw-la to_o be_v that_o piece_n of_o he_o which_o bear_v the_o title_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o he_o inscribe_v to_o democritus_n as_o laertius_n affirm_v in_o his_o life_n there_o be_v also_o another_o 〈◊〉_d mention_v by_o the_o same_o laertius_n who_o write_v de_fw-fr astrologia_n plato_n the_o divine_a athenian_a philosopher_n travel_v into_o egypt_n under_o prâ—…tence_n 420._o of_o sell_v oil_n but_o indeed_o to_o fetch_v from_o thence_o a_o far_o more_o noble_a merchandise_n astronomy_n inform_v himself_o by_o their_o priest_n of_o the_o celestial_a motion_n and_o have_v in_o his_o timaeus_n epinomis_n and_o other_o his_o dialogue_n leave_v sufficient_a testimony_n of_o his_o improve_a knowledge_n treat_v therein_o of_o several_a part_n of_o astronomy_n and_o particular_o of_o the_o celestial_a system_n theaetetus_n atheniensis_fw-la disciple_n to_o socrates_n and_o a_o familiar_a 410._o friend_n of_o plato_n a_o philosopher_n and_o astrologer_n as_o suidas_n affirm_v who_o yet_o give_v we_o no_o account_n of_o any_o write_n of_o his_o in_o astronomy_n hermes_n aegyptius_n disciple_n to_o plato_n writ_n de_fw-fr sole_fw-la de_fw-fr imaginibus_fw-la 410._o martis_n de_fw-fr imaginibus_fw-la jovis_fw-la de_fw-fr imaginibus_fw-la saturni_n de_fw-fr septem_fw-la annulis_fw-la planetarum_fw-la de_fw-fr medicinis_fw-la &_o conjunctionibus_fw-la planetarum_fw-la to_o he_o likewise_o be_v attribute_v the_o book_n de_fw-fr duodecim_fw-la herbis_fw-la duodecim_fw-la signis_fw-la attributis_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la herâ—…is_fw-la septem_fw-la stellis_fw-la dicatis_fw-la as_o simler_n in_o biblioth_n gesner_n archytas_n tarentinus_n a_o noble_a pythagorean_n philosopher_n mathematician_n 405._o and_o cosmographer_n who_o horace_n call_v maris_fw-la ac_fw-la terrae_fw-la numeróque_fw-la carentis_fw-la arenae_n mensorem_fw-la he_o write_v several_a work_n though_o none_o of_o they_o have_v be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o escape_v the_o injury_n of_o time_n both_o physical_a moral_a and_o mathematical_a particular_o to_o instance_n only_o what_o be_v pertinent_a to_o our_o subject_n a_o tractate_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr universo_fw-it cite_v by_o simplicius_n in_o aristot._n categ_n as_o note_v by_o meursius_n in_o hesych_n de_fw-fr viris_fw-la illustribus_fw-la helicon_n cyzicenus_n a_o familiar_a friend_n of_o plato_n and_o a_o eminent_a 404._o astronomer_n who_o have_v foretell_v to_o dionysius_n the_o tyrant_n a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o happen_v at_o athens_n 3_o 0_o sept._n feria_fw-la 6_o ta_fw-la hora_fw-la 9_o ¼_n post_fw-la mediam_fw-la noctem_fw-la be_v for_o that_o reward_v by_o he_o with_o a_o talon_n of_o silver_n philosophus_fw-la one_o of_o plato_n disciple_n so_o call_v by_o his_o proper_a name_n 390._o write_v of_o eclipse_n of_o the_o distance_n and_o magnitude_n of_o the_o sun_n moon_n the_o earth_n and_o the_o other_o planet_n as_o also_o of_o lightning_n and_o several_a other_o piece_n mention_v by_o suidas_n gesner_n be_v of_o opinion_n his_o name_n may_v be_v corrupt_v and_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v read_v philippus_n opuntius_n eudoxus_n cnidius_n the_o son_n of_o aeschines_n instruct_v by_o archytas_n in_o 368._o geometry_n in_o physic_n by_o philistio_n the_o sicilian_a in_o philosophy_n by_o plato_n travel_v into_o egypt_n and_o of_o the_o priest_n there_o learned_a the_o proper_a motion_n of_o the_o planet_n which_o he_o first_o communicate_v to_o his_o countryman_n the_o greek_n he_o write_v de_fw-fr mundo_fw-la de_fw-fr coelestibus_fw-la de_fw-fr phaenomenis_fw-la astrological_a fasti_fw-la with_o prognostic_n he_o reform_v the_o octaâ—…teris_n of_o harpalus_n and_o introduce_v a_o new_a one_o of_o his_o own_o of_o which_o yet_o other_o make_v dositheus_n the_o author_n he_o write_v likewise_o a_o astronomical_a poem_n as_o suidas_n affirm_v but_o his_o two_o most_o celebrate_a piece_n be_v his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seu_fw-la speculum_fw-la &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sive_fw-la apparentium_fw-la as_o hipparchus_n in_o arataeis_n witnessess_v he_o be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v so_o great_o inflame_v with_o the_o love_n of_o astronomy_n christum_fw-la that_o he_o usual_o profess_v he_o will_v willing_o as_o the_o poet_n fable_n of_o phaeton_n perish_v by_o the_o scorch_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n provide_v he_o may_v first_o approach_v so_o near_o it_o as_o clear_o to_o discern_v its_o figure_n and_o magnitude_n g._n voss._n xenocrates_n chalcedonius_n a_o platonic_a philosopher_n write_v 366._o among_o divers_a other_o work_n one_o book_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr intervallis_fw-la and_o six_o book_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr he_o quae_fw-la circa_fw-la astrologiam_fw-la versantur_fw-la as_o laertius_n in_o his_o life_n there_o be_v likewise_o a_o piece_n under_o h_z be_v name_n de_fw-fr influentia_fw-la planetarum_fw-la in_o corpora_fw-la mention_v by_o jac._n phil._n thomasinus_n among_o the_o ms._n of_o io._n rhodius_n in_o bibliothec._n patavin_n demophilus_n son_n
bede_n be_v renown_v for_o his_o knowledge_n and_o 700._o study_n of_o astronomy_n among_o who_o work_n there_o be_v yet_o extant_a de_fw-fr argumentis_fw-la lunae_fw-la de_fw-fr ephemeride_v de_fw-fr embolismis_fw-la de_fw-fr circulo_fw-la decennovennuali_fw-la de_fw-fr cyclo_n paschali_fw-la de_fw-fr circulis_fw-la sphaerae_fw-la &_o polis_n de_fw-fr planetis_fw-la &_o signis_fw-la coelestibus_fw-la de_fw-fr astrolabio_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr aequinoctio_fw-la vernali_fw-la adelmus_fw-la durotellus_n seu_fw-la bladunius_fw-la i._n e._n malmesburiensis_fw-la 709._o son_n of_o kenred_n and_o grandchild_n of_o ina_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n bishop_n of_o sherburne_n now_o translate_v to_o salisbury_n write_v de_n cyclo_n paschali_fw-la contra_fw-la britannos_fw-la and_o de_fw-fr astrologia_n as_o balaeus_n affirm_v flaccus_n albinus_n sive_fw-la alcuinus_fw-la a_o englishman_n bear_v in_o 770._o york_n shire_n scholar_n to_o venerable_a bede_n and_o tutor_n to_o charlemaigne_n to_o who_o he_o be_v send_v upon_o a_o embassy_n by_o off_o a_o king_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o for_o his_o exquisite_a learning_n invite_v by_o charlemaigne_n to_o continue_v with_o he_o in_o france_n which_o he_o do_v persuade_v that_o prince_n to_o erect_v the_o university_n of_o paris_n he_o be_v excellent_o well_o skill_v in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o mathematics_n which_o he_o public_o teach_v and_o write_v de_fw-fr septem_fw-la artibus_fw-la liberalibus_fw-la and_o de_fw-fr astrologia_n as_o vossius_fw-la de_fw-fr scient_a mathemat_n testify_v charlemaigne_n king_n of_o france_n and_o emperor_n instruct_v by_o alcuinus_fw-la 770._o aforesaid_a become_v excellent_o well_o skill_v in_o the_o mathematics_n particular_o in_o astronomy_n insomuch_o that_o he_o write_v ephemerides_n and_o be_v extreme_o delight_v in_o make_v observation_n of_o the_o star_n he_o give_v name_n to_o the_o month_n of_o the_o year_n and_o to_o the_o wind_n in_o high-dutch_a which_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n he_o be_v by_o a_o king_n of_o persia_n his_o contemporary_a upon_o the_o knowledge_n he_o have_v of_o his_o affection_n to_o astronomical_a study_n present_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o clockwork_n show_v the_o motion_n of_o â—…he_a planet_n which_o the_o emperor_n be_v then_o at_o paderborne_v in_o westphalia_n receive_v with_o no_o less_o admiration_n than_o pleasure_n vid._n voss._n de_fw-fr scient_a mathem_n c._n 35._o johannes_n camaterus_n chamberlain_n to_o the_o emperor_n porphyrogeneta_n 790._o writ_n de_fw-fr genethliis_fw-la &_o syderum_fw-la positione_n &_o astrologiam_fw-la chaldaicam_fw-la in_o verse_n now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o my_o learned_a friend_n mr._n tho._n gale_n almaeon_n who_o some_o call_v almamon_n the_o deserve_o renown_v 827._o califfe_n of_o babylon_n as_o mr._n graves_n style_v he_o in_o his_o pyramidograph_n fifty_o year_n before_o the_o time_n of_o albategnius_n observe_v the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o have_v christum_fw-la be_v 23°_n according_a to_o elancanus_fw-la and_o herigone_n or_o 23°_n and_o 35′_n according_a to_o ricciolus_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o alfraganus_n he_o first_o command_v ptolemy_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v translate_v into_o arabic_a which_o translation_n give_v that_o work_n the_o corrupt_a but_o now_o common_a name_n of_o almage_a he_o find_v by_o observation_n and_o measure_n in_o the_o plain_n of_o singar_fw-la that_o one_o degree_n of_o a_o great_a circle_n on_o the_o earth_n be_v equal_a to_o 56._o mile_n his_o astronomical_a design_n be_v so_o acceptable_a to_o the_o genius_n of_o that_o nation_n that_o in_o the_o time_n succeed_v no_o less_o than_o thirty_o king_n be_v say_v to_o have_v emulate_v his_o example_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o golius_n notis_fw-la in_fw-la alfergan_n egmundus_fw-la surname_v astrologus_fw-la be_v by_o ricciolus_n put_v also_o into_o 446._o the_o catalogue_n of_o astronomer_n about_o this_o time_n messhala_n arab_n sive_fw-la messahulach_n signalise_v his_o name_n 860._o by_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr receptionibus_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr conjunctionibus_fw-la planetarum_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr revolutionibus_fw-la annorum_fw-la mundi_fw-la he_o write_v likewise_o de_fw-fr elementis_fw-la &_o orbibus_fw-la coelestibus_fw-la a_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr ratione_fw-la circuli_fw-la &_o stellarum_fw-la operationibus_fw-la and_o another_o de_fw-fr compositione_n &_o utilitate_fw-la astrolabii_n the_o first_o print_v at_o venice_n anno_fw-la 1493._o with_o pâ—…olemy's_n quadripartitum_fw-la the_o second_o at_o norimberg_n by_o montanus_n and_o neuberus_fw-la the_o three_o at_o basil_n by_o hervagius_n anno_fw-la 1533._o and_o the_o four_o and_o last_o by_o henricus_n petri_n in_o appendice_fw-la margaritae_n philosophicae_fw-la leo_n philosophus_fw-la write_v something_o in_o astrology_n yet_o extant_a in_o the_o 879._o french_a king_n library_n as_o labbeé_n testify_v in_o catal._n ms._n albategnius_n or_o true_o 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and_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n as_o also_o of_o those_o of_o saturn_n and_o jupiter_n the_o reason_n impel_v he_o to_o embrace_v this_o hypothesis_n be_v these_o first_o he_o observe_v that_o saturn_n and_o jupiter_n have_v secundary_a planet_n move_v about_o they_o but_o mars_n venus_n and_o mercury_n none_o whence_o he_o conceive_v it_o probable_a that_o saturn_n and_o jupiter_n exercise_v as_o it_o be_v their_o proper_a monarchy_n in_o the_o heaven_n and_o be_v no_o attendant_n or_o satellite_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o move_v about_o the_o earth_n as_o their_o centre_n that_o mars_n be_v one_o of_o the_o sun_n be_v great_a or_o utmost_a satellite_n include_v within_o his_o sphere_n that_o of_o the_o earth_n but_o venus_n and_o mercury_n his_o near_a and_o more_o interior_a guard_n second_o because_o in_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o planet_n he_o observe_v a_o great_a connexion_n of_o mars_n venus_n and_o mercury_n with_o the_o sun_n then_o of_o saturn_n and_o 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superior_a and_o the_o inferior_a and_o which_o in_o his_o motion_n shall_v have_v some_o thing_n common_a with_o saturn_n and_o jupiter_n and_o some_o with_o venus_n and_o mercury_n to_o wit_n mars_n but_o see_v the_o scheme_n itself_o systema_fw-la semitychonicu_n riccioli_n 6_o in_o which_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o several_a orb_n be_v so_o order_v that_o the_o low_a of_o the_o concave_a heaven_n of_o saturn_n do_v not_o touch_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o convex_a of_o jupiter_n or_o the_o low_a of_o jupiters_n the_o uppermost_a of_o mars_n as_o in_o the_o pâ—…olemaick_a but_o there_o be_v a_o void_a interval_n between_o the_o fix_a star_n and_o the_o uppermost_a convex_a of_o saturn_n orb_n of_o 9824_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o between_o the_o concave_n of_o saturn_n and_o the_o convex_a of_o jupiter_n a_o interval_n of_o 10045_o of_o the_o like_a semidiameter_n and_o between_o the_o concave_n of_o jupiter_n and_o convex_v of_o mars_n a_o interval_n of_o 5310_o such_o semidiameter_n and_o between_o the_o concave_n of_o venus_n and_o convex_v of_o the_o moon_n be_v orb_n 1850_o semidiameter_n beside_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o whole_a heaven_n of_o saturn_n compute_v together_o with_o his_o satellite_n be_v suppose_v 32454_o semidiameter_n and_o that_o of_o jupiter_n with_o his_o satellite_n 21361_o semidiameter_n that_o of_o the_o sun_n mars_n venus_n and_o mercury_n be_v but_o as_o one_o heaven_n be_v suppose_v to_o contain_v 19091_o of_o the_o earth_n semidiameter_n these_o three_o last_o system_n suppose_v the_o heaven_n or_o the_o aetherial_a region_n to_o be_v pervious_a fluid_a and_o of_o a_o thin_a liquid_a and_o transparent_a substance_n like_o the_o air_n but_o more_o pure_a and_o not_o consist_v of_o solid_a orb_n as_o the_o peripatetic_n and_o those_o of_o the_o ptolemaick_a school_n affirm_v this_o fluidity_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v manifest_v by_o the_o maculae_fw-la solares_n whether_o they_o be_v consider_v as_o planet_n move_v tumultuous_o about_o the_o sun_n or_o as_o cloud_n vapour_n and_o fumosity_n issue_v from_o the_o solar_a body_n likewise_o by_o the_o librate_n motion_n of_o the_o firmament_n itself_o in_o which_o the_o sun_n move_v as_o also_o by_o the_o libration_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o by_o the_o satellite_n of_o jupiter_n not_o long_o since_o discover_v to_o move_v about_o that_o planet_n as_o also_o those_o about_o saturn_n and_o the_o extravagant_a motion_n of_o mars_n as_o also_o that_o of_o venus_n and_o mercury_n run_v now_o above_o now_o beneath_o the_o sun_n no_o less_o evidence_v by_o the_o production_n of_o comet_n and_o their_o divers_a motion_n which_o beginning_n in_o one_o make_v their_o progress_n through_o several_a aetherial_a region_n which_o they_o can_v not_o do_v if_o the_o celestial_a orb_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v be_v solid_a from_o which_o supposition_n several_a other_o inconvenience_n will_v likewise_o ensue_v by_o reason_n their_o convexity_n and_o concavity_n as_o also_o those_o of_o so_o many_o epiâ—…ycles_n and_o excentric_n will_v necessary_o produce_v a_o multiplicity_n of_o various_a refraction_n of_o the_o several_a ray_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o the_o other_o planet_n and_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n last_o it_o seem_v as_o incongruous_a that_o the_o star_n and_o planet_n shall_v be_v carry_v about_o in_o such_o vast_a solid_a orb_n to_o which_o they_o bear_v no_o other_o proportion_n than_o a_o drop_n of_o water_n to_o the_o ocean_n as_o it_o be_v for_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v imagine_v to_o move_v only_o to_o carry_v about_o a_o fly_n or_o a_o pissmire_n neither_o do_v those_o celestial_a body_n gravitate_fw-la or_o need_v any_o support_n but_o move_v regular_o within_o their_o several_a sphericity_n as_o have_v no_o appetency_n of_o motion_n beyond_o those_o bound_n see_v tycho_n brahe_n progymnasm_n tom._n 1._o and_o ricciolus_n repeat_v the_o several_a argument_n to_o this_o purpose_n of_o kepler_n
place_n of_o the_o star_n as_o the_o longitude_n of_o a_o place_n on_o the_o earth_n be_v reckon_v in_o the_o equator_fw-la from_o the_o first_o western_a meridian_n unto_o the_o meridian_n pass_v by_o the_o place_n propose_v xii_o from_o the_o ecliptic_a to_o the_o pole_n be_v reckon_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o star_n which_o latitude_n be_v a_o arch_n of_o a_o great_a circle_n pass_v by_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o centre_n of_o the_o star_n intercept_v between_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o star_n those_o arch_n be_v call_v the_o circle_n of_o latitude_n the_o point_n between_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o the_o ecliptic_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la be_v northern_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a southern_a or_o contrariwise_o xiii_o the_o ecliptic_a contain_v the_o place_n of_o all_o the_o star_n for_o a_o star_n be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o that_o degree_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a through_o which_o the_o circle_n of_o latitude_n of_o the_o say_a star_n pass_v so_o the_o starâ—…_n be_v in_o the_o solstitial_a colour_n be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n or_o capricorn_n by_o which_o reason_n all_o the_o star_n in_o the_o firmament_n be_v refer_v to_o some_o one_o of_o the_o twelve_o sign_n fourteen_o the_o colour_n pass_v by_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o four_o cardinal_n point_n of_o the_o zodiac_n colour_n intersect_v each_o other_o at_o spherical_a right_a angle_n in_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n they_o be_v so_o call_v because_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n they_o seem_v mutilate_v and_o defective_a since_o one_o part_n of_o they_o be_v always_o depress_v beneath_o whilst_o the_o other_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n one_o of_o thâ—…se_n be_v call_v the_o equinoctial_a colour_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o point_n of_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o ecliptic_a constitute_v the_o equinoctial_a point_n of_o aries_n and_o libra_n the_o other_o be_v the_o colurâ—…_n of_o the_o solstice_n divide_v the_o equator_fw-la at_o right_a angle_n in_o the_o point_n wherein_o the_o sun_n commence_v winter_n and_o summer_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n and_o capricorn_n measure_v the_o sun_n be_v great_a declination_n have_v in_o it_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o show_v the_o distance_n of_o thâ—…se_a pole_n from_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n there_o may_v be_v likewise_o infinite_a colour_n suppose_v for_o the_o better_a demonstrate_v the_o particular_a declination_n of_o the_o star_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la xv._n the_o meridian_n in_o any_o position_n of_o sphere_n whatsoever_o make_v midday_n and_o midnight_n and_o have_v meridian_n in_o it_o the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n point_n direct_o opposite_a to_o one_o another_o the_o first_o meridian_n be_v vulgar_o place_v in_o the_o fortunate_a island_n or_o the_o canary_n by_o other_o in_o the_o island_n call_v the_o azore_n there_o be_v reckon_v 36._o meridian_n or_o rather_o 18._o since_o the_o same_o meridian_n of_o one_o hemisphere_n may_v serve_v the_o other_o hemisphere_n likewise_o each_o be_v distant_a ten_o degree_n from_o one_o another_o but_o geometrical_o speak_v there_o be_v as_o many_o meridian_n as_o there_o be_v vertical_a point_n as_o there_o be_v on_o earth_n so_o many_o orison_n as_o there_o be_v divers_a point_n upon_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n they_o who_o assign_v a_o meridian_n to_o every_o degree_n make_v of_o they_o 180._o xvi_o the_o meridian_n to_o those_o that_o travel_v direct_o north_n and_o south_n be_v still_o the_o same_o as_o to_o latitude_n it_o show_v likewise_o the_o great_a altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n their_o distance_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o measure_v the_o latitude_n of_o all_o place_n upon_o earth_n of_o which_o in_o the_o two_o follow_a proposition_n xvii_o the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n be_v number_v in_o the_o meridian_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la towards_o either_o of_o the_o pole_n and_o show_v how_o much_o every_o point_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o equator_fw-la one_o pole_n be_v elevate_v the_o other_o depress_v the_o latitude_n of_o any_o place_n be_v the_o arch_n of_o a_o meridian_n intercept_v between_o the_o zenith_n of_o the_o say_a place_n and_o the_o equator_fw-la equal_a to_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n above_o the_o horizon_n which_o elevation_n be_v a_o arch_n of_o a_o meridian_n draw_v from_o the_o horizon_n to_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n xviii_o as_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v number_v in_o the_o prime_a meridian_n or_o any_o other_o more_o oriental_a so_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o star_n may_v be_v number_v in_o those_o meridian_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o circle_n of_o declination_n because_o they_o show_v how_o far_o the_o fix_a star_n or_o planet_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o equator_fw-la or_o decline_v from_o it_o to_o either_o of_o the_o pole_n they_o be_v likewise_o call_v vertical_a inasmuch_o as_o pass_v by_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o any_o place_n and_o descend_v perpendicular_o by_o each_o point_n of_o the_o horizon_n they_o measure_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o star_n above_o or_o their_o depression_n beneath_o the_o same_o and_o in_o arabic_a they_o be_v call_v azimuth_n because_o they_o show_v in_o what_o part_n of_o the_o world_n any_o star_n rise_v or_o set_v the_o beginning_n likewise_o of_o the_o astronomical_a day_n be_v compute_v from_o the_o meridian_n circle_n xix_o the_o astronomical_a or_o true_a horizon_n divide_v the_o sphere_n of_o the_o world_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n that_o horizon_n be_v to_o say_v the_o upper_a or_o the_o visible_a and_o the_o low_a or_o invisible_a hemisphere_n who_o centre_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n and_o its_o pole_n the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n point_v the_o physical_a or_o sensible_a and_o visible_a horizon_n equidistant_a from_o the_o astronomical_a be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o far_o as_o can_v be_v discern_v by_o sight_n who_o semidiameter_n in_o a_o even_a plane_n the_o eye_n be_v place_v at_o six_o foot_n height_n above_o the_o level_n be_v about_o a_o league_n but_o if_o the_o eye_n be_v elevate_v a_o league_n high_a than_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o sensible_a horizon_n will_v be_v 51._o league_n xx._n the_o horizon_n concur_v to_o the_o state_v of_o all_o the_o forename_a sphere_n that_o be_v to_o say_v either_o right_o oblique_a or_o parallel_v whence_o it_o be_v denominate_v and_o distinguish_v into_o right_n oblique_a and_o parallel_n it_o determine_v the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o star_n the_o ortive_a and_o occasive_a amplitude_n begin_v from_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a equinoctial_a point_n show_v the_o quantity_n of_o day_n and_o night_n and_o the_o four_o cardinal_n point_n east_n west_n north_n and_o south_n as_o likewise_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o two_o circle_n parallel_v to_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o tropic_n describe_v from_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n touch_v the_o horizon_n in_o a_o point_n of_o which_o that_o draw_v from_o the_o pole_n to_o we_o conspicuous_a be_v term_v the_o great_a of_o the_o all-wayes-apparent_a the_o other_o opposite_a to_o it_o the_o great_a of_o the_o not-apparent_a that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o arctic_a and_o antarctic_a circle_n xxi_o the_o circle_n parallel_v to_o the_o horizon_n which_o show_v the_o altitude_n and_o depression_n of_o the_o star_n be_v in_o the_o astrolabe_n call_v almicantarah_n or_o circle_n of_o progression_n among_o which_o be_v number_v the_o crepuscular_a circle_n or_o circle_n of_o twilight_n which_o be_v parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n and_o depress_v beneath_o it_o eighteen_o degree_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o great_a circle_n the_o lesser_a follow_v xxii_o the_o tropic_n be_v lesser_a circle_n parallel_v to_o the_o equator_fw-la from_o whence_o they_o be_v in_o this_o present_a tropic_n age_n distant_a 23._o degree_n and_o ½_o which_o distance_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o time_n be_v diverse_o compute_v the_o variation_n hitherto_o be_v reckon_v 24′_n these_o two_o tropic_n show_v the_o sun_n be_v or_o the_o ecliptick_n great_a declination_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n it_o be_v northern_a the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n its_o southern_a the_o former_a show_v the_o sun_n great_a the_o latter_a its_o least_o meridional_a altitude_n this_o the_o long_a day_n and_o short_a night_n in_o the_o summer_n solstice_n the_o other_o the_o long_a night_n and_o short_a day_n in_o the_o winter_n solstice_n which_o say_v quantity_n of_o day_n and_o night_n be_v not_o show_v by_o the_o tropic_n in_o a_o right_n or_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n beyond_o 66°_n and_o ½_o of_o the_o pole_n elevation_n for_o in_o the_o first_o the_o diurnal_a and_o nocturnal_a arch_n be_v always_o equal_a in_o the_o latter_a the_o
the_o stoic_n and_o with_o they_o by_o our_o manilius_n plutarch_n yet_o de_n placit_fw-la plilisoph_n l._n 2._o c._n 14._o give_v we_o the_o different_a opinion_n of_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n for_o cleanthes_n hold_v they_o to_o be_v pyramidal_a or_o point_a anaximenes_n conceive_v they_o to_o be_v like_o stud_n or_o nail_n fix_v in_o the_o crystalline_a firmament_n other_o imagine_v they_o to_o be_v fiery_a or_o lucid_a plate_n or_o laminae_fw-la like_o so_o many_o flat_a picture_n not_o of_o any_o thickness_n or_o profundity_n scheinerus_n and_o antonius_n maria_n de_fw-fr reitha_n will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v of_o divers_a figure_n or_o face_n of_o a_o polyangular_a shape_n and_o such_o the_o large_a sort_n of_o telescope_n represent_v they_o or_o as_o kepler_n in_o epitome_n astron._n p._n 498._o describe_v they_o like_o so_o many_o lucid_a point_n or_o spark_n cast_v forth_o every_o way_n their_o ray_n of_o light_n so_o that_o we_o be_v to_o apprehend_v their_o figure_n to_o be_v only_o physical_o spherical_a not_o mathematical_o such_o for_o in_o the_o first_o acceptation_n they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v round_a body_n however_o according_a to_o the_o late_a their_o superficies_n may_v be_v find_v to_o be_v uneven_a and_o to_o consist_v of_o many_o angles_n and_o side_n their_o magnitude_n before_o we_o undertake_v to_o say_v any_o thing_n as_o to_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o star_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o in_o the_o first_o place_n which_o schickardus_n ingenious_o to_o acknowledge_v that_o veras_n illorum_fw-la magnitudines_fw-la verè_fw-la ignoramus_fw-la but_o that_o we_o may_v in_o some_o measure_n satisfy_v the_o reader_n expectation_n we_o shall_v in_o the_o follow_a table_n give_v some_o account_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o divers_a calculation_n make_v by_o several_a eminent_a astronomer_n the_o first_o of_o which_o table_n show_v how_o many_o minute_n or_o second_o their_o apparent_a diameter_n contain_v the_o second_o how_o many_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n their_o true_a diameter_n contain_v the_o three_o what_o be_v the_o solidity_n of_o their_o body_n to_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o table_n may_v be_v observe_v a_o great_a diversity_n arise_v partly_o from_o the_o various_a distance_n assign_v to_o they_o by_o several_a author_n from_o the_o earth_n the_o suppose_a mundane_a centre_n partly_o from_o the_o divers_a estimate_n of_o their_o apparent_a diameter_n make_v by_o the_o bare_a eye_n by_o tycho_n and_o other_o more_o ancient_a and_o by_o telescope_n by_o modern_a astronomer_n i._o table_n of_o the_o apparent_a diameter_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n their_o several_a magnitude_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o according_a to_o maginus_fw-la 10′_n 0″_n 5′_n 30″_n 4′_n 0″_n 3′_n 0″_n 2′_n 0″_n 1′_n 0″_n tycho_n longom_n blanc_n 2_o 0_o 1_o 30_o 1_o 5_o 0_o 45_o 0_o 30_o 0_o 20_o lansbergius_n 1_o 0_o 0_o 40_o 0_o 30_o 0_o 20_o 0_o 10_o 0_o 5_o hortensius_n 0_o 8_o 0_o 6_o 0_o 5_o 0_o 4_o 0_o 3_o 0_o 2_o kepler_n 3_o 0_o 2_o 0_o ii_o table_n of_o the_o true_a diameter_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n and_o how_o many_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n each_o contain_v their_o several_a magnitude_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o according_a to_o maurolicus_n and_o claviâ—…s_n 4_o ¾_n 4_o 20_o 90_o 4_o 1_o â—…_n .3_o â…˜_n 3_o 11_o 3â—…_n 2_o 5_o 8_o fernelius_n 4_o 3_o 6_o 4_o ½_o 4_o 7_o 60_o 3_o ¾_n 3_o ¼_n 2_o 7_o â—…2_n tycho_n 4_o 1â…“_n 3_o 1_o 1â—…_n 2_o â…•_n 1_o 19_o 30_o 1_o 1_o 49_o 0_o â…–_n lansbergius_n 40712_o 27132_o 20356_o 13580_o 6776_o 3388_o iii_o table_n of_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n to_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n their_o several_a magnitude_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o according_a to_o as_o to_o as_o to_o as_o to_o as_o to_o as_o to_o as_o to_o alfraganus_n 100_o 1_o 90_o 1_o 72_o 1_o 54_o 1_o 36_o 1_o 18_o 1_o fernel_n maurolyc_a clau._n 107_o 1_o 90_o 1_o 72_o 1_o 55_o 1_o 36_o 1_o 18_o 1_o tycho_n boyer_n blancan_n 68_o 1_o 28½_n 1_o 11_o 1_o 4½_n 1_o 1_o 1_o 1â—…_n 1_o 0_o 1_o â—…_n 1_o to_o these_o we_o shall_v add_v iv._o table_n from_o the_o observation_n of_o ricciolus_n show_v as_o well_o their_o apparent_a magnitude_n as_o their_o true_a magnitude_n deduce_v from_o their_o undermentioned_a suppose_a distance_n from_o the_o earth_n degree_n of_o magnitude_n name_n of_o the_o star_n of_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o magnitude_n apparent_a diameter_n the_o great_a distance_n according_a to_o ricciolus_n of_o 210000_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o least_o distance_n according_a to_o ricciolus_n of_o 100000_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o great_a distance_n according_a to_o the_o ptolemaick_a 40000_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o great_a distance_n according_a to_o tycho_n 14000_o semidiameters_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o true_a diameter_n contain_v the_o earth_n diameter_n the_o body_n contain_v the_o earth_n body_n the_o true_a diameter_n contain_v the_o earth_n diameter_n the_o body_n contain_v the_o earth_n body_n the_o true_a diameter_n contain_v the_o earth_n diameter_n the_o body_n contain_v the_o earth_n body_n the_o true_a diameter_n contain_v the_o earth_n diameter_n the_o body_n contain_v the_o earth_n body_n 1_o sirius_n 18″_n 0‴_n 17_o 45_o 100_o 5355_o 8_o 7_o 10_o 815_o 3_o ½_o 42_o  _fw-fr 0_o 61_o 100_o 0_o 1_o 7_o 1_o arcturus_n 16_o 42_o 16_o â…”_n 3932_o 8_o 0_o 512_o 3_o â…•_n 32_o  _fw-fr 0_o 46_o 100_o 0_o 1_o 9_o 1_o aldebaran_n 15_o 24_o 14_o â…•_n 2810_o 7_o â…—_n 402_o 3_o 0_o 27_o  _fw-fr 0_o 57_o 100_o 0_o â…›_n 1_o spica_fw-la 15_o 5_o 13_o 9_o 10_o 2660_o 7_o â…“_n 374_o 2_o 7_o 10_o 18_o  _fw-fr 0_o 47_o 100_o 0_o 1_o 10_o 1_o regulus_n 14_o 5_o 13_o 3_o 5_o 2202_o 6_o â…˜_n 249_o 2_o 6_o 10_o 16_o  _fw-fr 0_o 43_o 100_o 0_o 1_o 1â—…_n 1_o rigil_n 13_o 40_o 13_o 0_o 2197_o 6_o â…–_n 220_o 2_o ½_o 15_o ½_o 0_o 1_o 2_o 0_o 41_o 100_o 2_o procyon_n 12_o 20_o 12_o 0_o 1728_o 6_o 0_o 216_o 2_o 3_o 10_o 12_o  _fw-fr 0_o 39_o 100_o 0_o 1_o 1â—…_n 2_o aquila_n 11_o 0_o 10_o â…—_n 1120_o 5_o 7_o 25_o 137_o 2_o 1_o 10_o 8_o â…–_n 0_o 37_o 100_o 0_o 1_o 20_o 2_o polaris_fw-la 7_o 53_o 7_o â…—_n 402_o 3_o 9_o 10_o 62_o 1_o 55_o 100_o 3_o ¼_n 0_o 27_o 100_o 0_o 1_o 50_o 3_o algol_n 7_o 3_o 6_o â…—_n 260_o 3_o 2_o 5_o 34_o 1_o 35_o 100_o 2_o â…•_n 0_o 24_o 100_o 0_o 7_o 500_o 4_o propus_n 6_o 10_o 6_o 0_o 216_o 2_o 9_o 10_o 26_o 1_o 15_o 100_o 1_o ½_o 0_o 20_o 100_o 0_o 4_o 500_o 5_o pleias_n 4_o â…˜_n 4_o â…˜_n 92_o 2_o 7_o 10_o 18_o 1_o 8_o 100_o 1_o ¼_n 0_o 18_o 100_o 0_o 3_o 500_o 6_o alcor_fw-la 4_o 0_o 4_o 0_o 64_o 2_o 15_o 100_o 9_o 0_o 86_o 100_o 0_o 7_o 10_o 0_o 15_o 100_o 0_o 3_o 1000_o but_o see_v the_o astronomer_n of_o the_o copernican_n opinion_n maintain_v the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n to_o be_v far_o great_a than_o the_o former_a table_n show_v they_o to_o be_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o annex_v the_o follow_a one._n v._o table_n show_v the_o true_a magnitude_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n that_o be_v of_o one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o one_o of_o the_o least_o viz._n sirius_n and_o alcor_n suppose_v the_o apparent_a diameter_n of_o sirius_n to_o be_v 18″_n of_o alcor_n 4″_n according_a to_o the_o distance_n in_o the_o copernican_n hypothesis_n maintain_v the_o parallax_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n make_v by_o the_o earth_n motion_n not_o to_o exceed_v 10″_n and_o imagine_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o annual_a orb_n to_o be_v such_o as_o upon_o those_o principle_n it_o be_v state_v to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o distance_n to_o be_v assert_v in_o the_o true_a magnitude_n of_o sirius_n the_o true_a magnitude_n of_o alcor_fw-fr  _fw-fr semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o diameter_n of_o sirius_n contain_v diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o body_n of_o sirius_n contain_v the_o earth_n body_n the_o diameter_n of_o alcor_n contain_v diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n its_o body_n contain_v the_o earth_n body_n copernicus_n 47_o 439_o 800_o 4170_o 71_o 6771_o 713_o 000_o 1992_o 4_o 378_o 454_o 048_o herigonius_n 49_o 502_o 400_o 4350_o 82_o 312_o 875_o 000_o 2068_o 8_o 844_o 058_o 432_o galilaeus_fw-la 49_o 832_o 416_o 4380_o 8_o 427_o 672_o 000_o 2092_o 9_o 155_o 362_o 688_o bulialdus_n 60_o 227_o 920_o 5300_o 148_o 877_o 000_o 000_o 2530_o 15_o 941_o 277_o 000_o lansbergius_n 61_o 616_o 122_o 5424_o 159_o 371_o 956_o 024_o 2588_o 17_o 333_o 761_o 472_o keplerus_n 142_o 746_o 428_o 12550_o 1_o 967_o 656_o 371_o 000_o 6000_o 216_o 000_o 000_o 000_o vendelinus_n 604_o 589_o 312_o 53200_o 15_o 056_o 882_o 800_o 000_o
25380_o 1_o 767_o 384_o 872_o 000_o these_o magnitude_n may_v to_o some_o happy_o seem_v exorbitant_a but_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o intelligent_a schikardus_n eorum_fw-la speculationes_fw-la qui_fw-la coelum_fw-la stellatum_fw-la longissimè_fw-la à _fw-la nobis_fw-la removent_fw-la &_o consequenter_fw-la astra_fw-la plurimum_fw-la amplificant_fw-la veritati_fw-la sunt_fw-la propiores_fw-la quoniam_fw-la minora_fw-la neutiquam_fw-la admittit_fw-la concessa_fw-la orbis_n annui_fw-la parallaxis_fw-la astrocop_n p._n 14_o of_o their_o place_n and_o distance_n from_o the_o earth_n or_o rather_o the_o sun_n this_o seem_v a_o question_n of_o that_o difficulty_n that_o pliny_n pronounce_v the_o investigation_n thereof_o to_o be_v no_o less_o than_o a_o piece_n of_o madness_n and_o therefore_o ricciolus_n almage_a nou._n l._n 6._o c._n 7._o treat_v upon_o this_o subject_n think_v fit_a in_o the_o front_n of_o his_o discourse_n to_o prefix_v this_o theorem_fw-la as_o a_o most_o certain_a truth_n that_o parallaxis_fw-la &_o distantia_fw-la fixarum_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la certâ_fw-la &_o evidenti_fw-la observatione_fw-la humanitùs_fw-la comprehendi_fw-la for_o we_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o star_n be_v all_o in_o the_o same_o spherical_a superficies_n equal_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n or_o whether_o they_o be_v place_v at_o unequal_a distance_n some_o high_a some_o low_a this_o latter_a yet_o be_v the_o sentiment_n of_o the_o ancient_a stoical_a philosopher_n who_o conceive_v the_o difference_n of_o their_o lustre_n and_o apparent_a magnitude_n to_o proceed_v from_o their_o diversity_n of_o situation_n as_o more_o or_o less_o remove_v from_o our_o sight_n and_o this_o opinion_n our_o manilius_n long_o since_o declare_v where_o speak_v of_o some_o star_n in_o orion_n appear_v more_o obscure_a than_o the_o rest_n he_o give_v the_o reason_n of_o that_o phoenomenon_n to_o be_v non_fw-la quod_fw-la clara_fw-la minus_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la magis_fw-la alta_fw-la recedunt_fw-la a_o hypothesis_n so_o seem_o rational_a that_o the_o famous_a tycho_n galileo_n and_o kepler_n have_v ready_o embrace_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o we_o may_v reasonable_o suppose_v that_o their_o distance_n be_v as_o divers_a as_o those_o of_o the_o planet_n how_o ever_o our_o weak_a sight_n unable_a to_o distinguish_v their_o divers_a interval_n judge_n they_o to_o be_v all_o inherent_a in_o the_o same_o concave_n spherical_a superficies_n ricciolus_n in_o almage_a nou._n l._n 6._o c._n 7._o reckon_v up_o five_o manner_n of_o way_n of_o attain_v in_o some_o probability_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o immense_a and_o hitherto_o incomprehensible_a distance_n which_o i_o shall_v only_o reckon_v up_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o be_v further_o satisfy_v from_o the_o more_o ample_a discourse_n of_o that_o author_n the_o first_o be_v from_o the_o supposition_n of_o their_o least_o sensible_a parallax_n the_o second_o be_v from_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o periodical_a motion_n and_o distance_n of_o some_o of_o the_o more_o certain_o know_v celestial_a light_n the_o three_o from_o the_o difference_n of_o refraction_n of_o the_o sun_n moon_n or_o other_o of_o the_o planet_n and_o that_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n the_o four_o from_o the_o computation_n of_o the_o bare_a distance_n of_o saturn_n from_o the_o earth_n without_o any_o regard_n to_o his_o shadow_n the_o five_o from_o the_o distance_n of_o saturn_n join_v with_o the_o length_n of_o its_o shadow_n which_o method_n ricciolus_n suppose_v the_o most_o probable_a as_o for_o example_n the_o shadow_n of_o saturn_n be_v suppose_v according_a to_o ricciolus_n to_o extend_v to_o 118680_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o join_v with_o the_o great_a distance_n of_o saturn_n be_v according_a to_o the_o say_a author_n 90155_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n can_v be_v compute_v no_o less_o than_o 200000._o of_o those_o semidiameter_n or_o rather_o 208835._o that_o they_o may_v be_v clear_o exempt_a from_o the_o reach_n of_o satur_n shadow_n and_o although_o there_o be_v no_o fear_n of_o their_o be_v obscure_v by_o the_o same_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v not_o illuminate_v by_o the_o sun_n but_o shine_v by_o their_o own_o innate_a light_n yet_o it_o be_v suppose_v they_o be_v seat_v beyond_o it_o by_o the_o wise_a and_o great_a architect_n of_o nature_n and_o if_o you_o will_v take_v the_o opinion_n of_o des_n cartes_n for_o this_o reason_n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o convenient_a space_n between_o the_o planetary_a heaven_n and_o that_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n for_o the_o production_n and_o ascent_n of_o comet_n and_o new_a star_n wherefore_o according_a to_o the_o computation_n of_o ricciolus_n the_o least_o distance_n that_o may_v be_v assign_v to_o the_o fix_a star_n to_o raise_v they_o beyond_o the_o shadow_n of_o saturn_n and_o its_o satellite_n will_v be_v find_v to_o amount_v to_o 210000._o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o great_a be_v altogether_o uncertain_a by_o reason_n the_o crassitude_n or_o profundity_n of_o their_o heaven_n be_v not_o to_o be_v determine_v and_o that_o they_o be_v as_o well_o by_o their_o extreme_a part_n as_o by_o their_o centre_n unequal_o remove_v from_o we_o but_o let_v the_o reader_n for_o his_o more_o particular_a satisfaction_n look_v upon_o the_o follow_a table_n table_n of_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n from_o the_o earth_n or_o rather_o the_o sun_n according_a to_o the_o several_a author_n follow_v semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n horizontal_n parallax_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n  _fw-fr least_o distance_n great_a distance_n ″_o ‴_o albategnius_n junctinus_n 19000_o uncertain_a 10_o 58_o alfraganus_fw-la barocius_n 20220_o 40440_o 10_o 14_o maurolycus_n 20077_o 20086_o 10_o 16_o fernelius_n clavius_n 22612_o 45225_o 9_o 08_o maginus_fw-la 20110_o 40220_o 10_o 15_o tycho_n 13000_o 14000_o 15_o 6_o marius_n bettinus_n 2290_o  _fw-fr 90_o 0_o ant._n mar._n rheita_n 20000000_o  _fw-fr 00_o 1_o ricciolus_n according_a to_o the_o four_o method_n 100000_o uncertain_a 2_o 0_o to_o the_o five_o method_n 210000_o  _fw-fr 1_o ferè_fw-la the_o parallax_n place_v in_o the_o last_o column_n answer_v to_o their_o least_o distance_n for_o according_a to_o their_o great_a distance_n assign_v by_o alfraganus_n maginus_fw-la fernelius_n and_o clavius_n 5″_n or_o 6″_n will_v be_v sufficient_a distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n assert_v by_o the_o follower_n of_o copernicus_n in_o  _fw-fr semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o great_a parallax_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n make_v from_o the_o annual_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n author_n  _fw-fr the_o half_a from_o the_o semidiameter_n the_o whole_a from_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o annual_a orb_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ′_o ″_o ′_o ″_o copernicus_n indefinite_a *_o *_o *_o *_o galilaeus_fw-la 13,046,400_o 0_o 20_o 0_o 40_o kepler_n former_o 34,077,067_o 0_o 9_o 0_o 17_o kepler_n afterward_o 60,000,000_o 0_o 12_o 0_o 24_o lansbergius_n former_o 10,312,227_o 0_o 30_o 1_o 00_o lansbergius_n late_a day_n 41,958,000_o 0_o 07_o 0_o 15_o hortensius_n 10,312,227_o 0_o 30_o 1_o 00_o herigon_n 144,0000_o 3_o 0_o 6_o 00_o distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n suppose_v the_o earth_n annual_a motion_n about_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o copernican_n distance_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o sun_n according_a to_o the_o calculation_n of_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n total_a parallax_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ′_o ″_o  _fw-fr tycho_n and_o maginus_fw-la 7850,000_o 1_o 00_o  _fw-fr longomontanus_n 7906,818_o 1_o 00_o  _fw-fr scheinerus_n 13,133,376_o 0_o 40_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 10,320,000_o 0_o 48_o  _fw-fr distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n from_o the_o earth_n suppose_v the_o earth_n motion_n and_o the_o great_a parallax_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n to_o be_v 10″_n and_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o earth_n as_o underwritten_a according_a to_o the_o several_a author_n follow_v distance_n of_o *_o and_o earth_n in_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n in_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n  _fw-fr copernicus_n 1150_o 47,439,800_o  _fw-fr maestlinus_n galilaeus_fw-la 1208_o 49,832,416_o  _fw-fr keplerus_n 3469_o 142,746,428_o  _fw-fr lansbergius_n 1498½_n 61,616,122_o  _fw-fr bullialdus_n 1460_o 60,227,920_o  _fw-fr herigonius_n 1200_o 49,502,400_o  _fw-fr vendelinus_n 14656_o 604,589,312_o  _fw-fr it_o rest_v that_o something_o be_v say_v of_o the_o proper_a motion_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n which_o be_v double_a the_o first_o be_v their_o circumrotation_n about_o their_o own_o centre_n term_v motus_fw-la vertiginis_fw-la in_o which_o they_o be_v carry_v about_o with_o extraordinary_a celerity_n whence_o the_o reason_n in_o part_n as_o already_o hint_v of_o their_o scintillation_n the_o second_o be_v their_o motion_n of_o revolution_n from_o west_n to_o east_n secundum_fw-la ductum_fw-la eclipticae_fw-la in_o which_o they_o be_v observe_v to_o move_v but_o very_o slow_o touch_v this_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o insert_v the_o three_o follow_a conclusion_n of_o ricciolus_n in_o
the_o sun_n show_v themselves_o various_o figure_v and_o of_o different_a magnitude_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vertiginous_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n about_o its_o own_o axis_n represent_v they_o to_o our_o sight_n diverse_o situate_v which_o diversity_n of_o their_o appearance_n arise_v likewise_o from_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o sun_n circumgyration_n which_o be_v such_o that_o its_o axis_n do_v not_o always_o keep_v the_o same_o inclination_n to_o the_o plane_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a they_o have_v a_o motion_n from_o the_o oriental_a part_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v disque_n to_o the_o occidental_a which_o motion_n course_n they_o ordinary_o finish_v within_o the_o space_n of_o thirteen_o day_n more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o their_o great_a or_o lesser_a latitude_n for_o they_o make_v by_o their_o motion_n as_o it_o it_o be_v a_o zodiac_n of_o about_o sixty_o degree_n broad_a that_o be_v about_o thirty_o degree_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v ecliptic_a the_o faculae_fw-la solares_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v partly_o massy_a fiery_a globe_n burst_v forth_o out_o of_o the_o ignivomous_a solar_a mountain_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o brightness_n shine_v amid_o the_o fuliginous_a cloudy_a vapour_n or_o maculae_fw-la at_o sometime_o sudden_o disappear_v at_o other_o make_v a_o long_a continuance_n or_o duration_n partly_o effervency_n of_o the_o exestuate_a solar_a ocean_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o excessive_a innate_a fervour_n of_o the_o sun_n globe_n boil_v up_o into_o mighty_a wave_n like_o mountain_n of_o light_n scattering_z and_o disperse_v the_o dark_a maculae_fw-la and_o discover_v as_o it_o be_v a_o fiery_a ocean_n fluctuate_a and_o agitate_a with_o flame_v billow_n and_o unusual_a splendour_n or_o as_o scheinerus_n in_o disquisit_a mathem_n define_v they_o faculae_fw-la sunt_fw-la areolae_fw-la in_o sole_fw-la lucidiores_fw-la reliquo_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la corpore_fw-la i._n e._n they_o be_v certain_a small_a plait_n or_o space_n in_o the_o sun_n bright_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o its_o body_n thus_o describe_v by_o galileo_n in_o letter_n 3._o dell_fw-it macchie_n solar_a in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o sun_n their_o appear_v certain_a mark_n bright_a than_o the_o rest_n in_o which_o be_v observe_v the_o same_o motion_n as_o in_o the_o maculae_fw-la which_o that_o they_o be_v inherent_a in_o the_o very_a body_n of_o the_o sun_n can_v be_v doubt_v in_o regard_n it_o be_v not_o credible_a there_o can_v be_v any_o other_o substance_n beside_o bright_a than_o that_o of_o the_o sun_n in_o which_o few_o word_n he_o have_v comprise_v much_o of_o the_o sun_n vertiginous_a motion_n the_o observation_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n spot_n and_o light_n have_v give_v occasion_n to_o astronomer_n to_o remark_n that_o the_o sun_n have_v a_o motion_n about_o its_o own_o axis_n from_o east_n to_o west_n which_o conversion_n be_v finish_v in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o seven_o day_n or_o thereabouts_o though_o there_o be_v some_o who_o will_v have_v it_o to_o move_v much_o fast_o kepler_n make_v its_o period_n of_o circumrotation_n to_o be_v complete_v in_o twenty_o four_o hour_n other_o assign_v to_o it_o a_o much_o more_o wonderful_a celerity_n and_o affirm_v its_o vertiginous_a schema_fw-la corporis_fw-la solaris_fw-la prout_fw-la ah_o p._n p._n kirchero_n et_fw-fr scheinero_n romae_fw-la anno_fw-la 1635_o observatum_fw-la fuit_fw-la course_n to_o be_v finish_v in_o a_o guerick_n moment_n space_n of_o its_o motion_n of_o revolution_n diurnal_a and_o annual_a according_a to_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o earth_n immobility_n we_o shall_v here_o say_v nothing_o leave_v likewise_o the_o reader_n to_o be_v further_o satisfy_v as_o to_o what_o we_o have_v already_o brief_o indicate_v touch_v this_o glorious_a luminary_n from_o the_o large_a argument_n of_o galileo_n scheinerus_n in_o rosa._n ursina_n kepler_n gassendus_fw-la hevelius_n bullialdus_n kircherus_fw-la in_o his_o iter._n extatic_a and_o schottus_n upon_o he_o ricciol_n almage_a nou._n l._n 3._o hodierna_fw-la in_o ponderation_n de_fw-fr admirandis_fw-la phasibus_fw-la in_o sole_fw-la &_o luna_fw-la visis_fw-la etc._n etc._n otto_n de_fw-fr guerick_n in_o experiment_n magdeburg_n and_o le_fw-fr pere_fw-fr cherubin_n in_o his_o dioptric_n only_o add_v something_o touch_v the_o sun_n magnitude_n and_o distance_n from_o the_o earth_n the_o true_a magnitude_n of_o the_o sun_n say_v ricciolus_n almage_a l._n 3._o c._n 11._o be_v to_o be_v have_v from_o its_o true_a semidiameter_n for_o that_o be_v double_v give_v its_o true_a diameter_n whence_o it_o be_v other_o species_n of_o magnitude_n be_v derive_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o proportion_n of_o which_o take_v the_o follow_a table_n the_o true_a magnitude_n of_o the_o sun_n compare_v with_o the_o earth_n the_o sun_n true_a diameter_n contain_v its_o circumference_n contain_v the_o area_n of_o its_o great_a circle_n contain_v its_o convex_a superficies_n contain_v its_o solidity_n contain_v according_a to_o the_o follow_a author_n simple_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n simple_n diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n square_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n square_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o solidity_n of_o the_o earth_n ptolemy_n maurolycus_n clavius_n and_o barocius_n 5_o ½_o 17_o 2_o 7_o 24_o 0_o 134_o 0_o 166_o 3_o 2_o aristarchus_n more_o than_o 6_o 1_o 3_o 20_o 1_o 7_o 30_o â…”_n 127_o 0_o 254_o 1_o 17_o aristarchus_n less_o than_o 7_o â…™_n 22_o 3_o 7_o 38_o 0_o 155_o 0_o 368_o 1_o 11_o albategnius_n 5_o 7_o 10_o 18_o 5_o 7_o 26_o 0_o 108_o 0_o 186_o 0_o copernicus_n 5_o 27_o 60_o 16_o ½_o 22_o 0_o 91_o 0_o 161_o â—…_n tycho_n and_o blancanus_n 5_o â—…_n 16_o 2_o 7_o 22_o 0_o 85_o 0_o 140_o 0_o longomontanus_n 5_o 807_o 1000_o 18_o 1_o 15_o 26_o 0_o 95_o 0_o 196_o 0_o keplerus_n 15_o 0_o 47_o 1_o 10_o 176_o 0_o 706_o 0_o 3375_o 0_o lansbergius_n 7_o 17_o 30_o 24_o 0_o 46_o 0_o 176_o 0_o 434_o 0_o bullialdus_n 7_o 0_o 22_o 2_o 7_o 39_o 0_o 156_o 0_o 343_o 0_o wendelinus_n 64_o 0_o 200_o 96_o 100_o 3216_o 0_o 12864_o 0_o 262144_o 0_o kircherus_fw-la 5_o â…•_n 16_o 0_o 21_o 0_o 83_o 0_o 140_o 0_o rheita_n 10_o 0_o 31_o 4_o 10_o 78_o 0_o 314_o 0_o 1000_o 0_o ricciolus_n 33_o 5_o 6_o 106_o 15_o 100_o 885_o 0_o 30056_o 0_o 38600_o 0_o time_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o earth_n be_v such_o that_o if_o you_o will_v believe_v pliny_n to_o search_v after_o it_o penè_fw-la dementis_fw-la otii_fw-la est_fw-la ricciolus_n likewise_o acknowledge_v its_o sublimity_n to_o exceed_v the_o subtlety_n of_o all_o astronomer_n hitherto_o who_o yet_o propose_v three_o several_a method_n or_o way_n of_o find_v it_o out_o the_o first_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o horizontal_n or_o any_o other_o parallax_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o second_o by_o the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n the_o three_o by_o the_o moon_n be_v dichotomy_n and_o its_o distance_n from_o the_o earth_n but_o however_o the_o investigation_n thereof_o be_v make_v this_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v sometime_o in_o apogaeo_n or_o its_o further_a distance_n from_o the_o earth_n sometime_o in_o perigaeo_n or_o its_o near_a proximity_n to_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o half_a of_o the_o difference_n of_o which_o two_o distance_n the_o mean_a distance_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v determine_v but_o it_o will_v be_v worth_a the_o while_n to_o represent_v to_o the_o reader_n view_v in_o the_o follow_a table_n the_o several_a opinion_n as_o well_o of_o the_o ancient_n as_o modern_a astronomer_n touch_v this_o matter_n table_n of_o the_o sun_n distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o same_o author_n great_a distance_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o apogaeo_n mean_a distance_n lest_o distance_n in_o perigaeo_n according_a to_o hipparchus_n his_o data_fw-la 1586_o 1472_o 1357_o or_o 1429_o 1379_o 1231_o posidonius_n 13141_o †_o †_o ptolemaeus_n and_o maurolycus_n 1210_o 1168_o 1126_o clavius_n and_o barocius_n 1216_o 1168_o 1126_o albategnius_n and_o alphonsus_n 1146_o 1107_o 1068_o from_o the_o data_fw-la of_o albategnius_n as_o lansberg_n 7936_o †_o †_o alfraganus_fw-la 1220_o 1215_o 1210_o fernelius_n 1309_o 1256_o 1204_o copernicus_n and_o maginus_fw-la 1179_o 1142_o 1105_o from_o the_o data_fw-la of_o copernicus_n lansberg_n 0942_o †_o †_o michael_n neander_n 1197_o 1160_o 1122_o maestlinus_n in_o max._n excentr_n 1208_o ½_o 1160_o 1111_o ¾_n maestlinus_n in_o min._n excentr_n 1197_o ½_o 1160_o 1122_o ¾_n io._n offusius_n †_o 1152_o †_o tycho_n and_o blancanus_n 1182_o 1150_o 1117_o longomontanus_n 1334_o 1288_o 1242_o kepler_n in_o ephemer_n 1800_o 1768_o 1736_o kepler_n in_o comment_n martis_n kepler_n in_o stella_n nova_fw-la 1432_o kepler_n in_o epitome_n astronom_n 3469_o kepler_n ex_fw-la parallax_n in_o tabul_n rudolphin_n 3438_o 3381_o 3327_o lansberg_n in_o min._n excentr_n 1550_o 52_o 60_o 1498_o 3â—…_n 60_o 1446_o 1â—…_n 60_o ishmael_n bullialdus_n
1485_o 56_o 60_o 1460_o 1433_o â—…_n 60_o athanas._n kircherus_fw-la 1940_o ¾_n 1906_o ¼_n 1872_o 〈◊〉_d anton._n maria_n de_fw-fr rheita_n 2073_o 2000_o 1927_o godefridus_n vendelinus_n 14905_o 14656_o 14407_o galilaeus_fw-la †_o 1208_o †_o marius_n bettinus_n †_o 1145_o †_o langrenus_n †_o 3420_o †_o ricciolus_n 7580_o 7327_o 7074_o or_o 7600_o 7300_o 7000_o of_o the_o moon_n the_o moon_n the_o near_a neighbour_n of_o all_o the_o planet_n to_o this_o our_o elementary_a sphere_n come_v next_o to_o be_v consider_v who_o nature_n composition_n and_o constitution_n may_v best_o be_v judge_v of_o by_o its_o opacity_n asperity_n and_o heterogeneity_n of_o part_n the_o first_o show_v it_o to_o be_v altogether_o deprive_v of_o any_o innate_a or_o proper_a light_n evidence_v in_o its_o total_a eclipse_n wherein_o she_o altogether_o lose_v her_o lustre_n which_o contrary_o if_o she_o have_v any_o of_o she_o own_o will_v rather_o in_o the_o great_a darkness_n become_v more_o conspicuous_a hence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v the_o light_n she_o have_v be_v from_o the_o sun_n and_o that_o the_o moon_n as_o she_o be_v a_o opacous_a so_o she_o be_v a_o dense_a body_n apt_a to_o receive_v and_o reflect_v the_o sun_n light_n the_o second_o argue_v the_o globe_n of_o the_o moon_n to_o be_v full_a of_o eminency_n and_o depression_n like_o our_o hill_n and_o valley_n estimate_v to_o be_v such_o by_o the_o conjecture_n of_o the_o ancient_n mention_v by_o plutarch_n l._n the_o fancy_n in_o orb_n lunae_fw-la but_o at_o present_a manifest_a to_o sight_n by_o help_n of_o the_o telescope_n and_o ascertain_v to_o reason_n by_o those_o lesser_a spot_n which_o be_v call_v new_a one_o vary_v their_o situation_n and_o magnitude_n according_a to_o the_o divers_a access_n and_o recess_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o which_o their_o site_n be_v always_o opposite_a thence_o evidence_v they_o to_o be_v the_o shadow_n of_o the_o more_o eminent_a part_n of_o the_o moon_n globe_n emulate_v our_o alps_n hill_n and_o mountain_n and_o here_o and_o there_o surpass_v they_o for_o height_n the_o three_o viz._n the_o heterogeneity_n of_o its_o part_n be_v long_o since_o believe_v by_o the_o ancient_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o plutarch_n l._n 2._o de_fw-fr placit_fw-la philosoph_n c._n 25._o but_o at_o this_o day_n certain_o demonstrate_v by_o the_o various_a reflection_n of_o its_o light_n whence_o we_o may_v conclude_v the_o bright_a and_o more_o splendid_a part_n of_o the_o moon_n to_o be_v those_o which_o be_v more_o dense_a solid_a and_o opacous_a like_o our_o earth_n in_o regard_n they_o reflect_v a_o great_a portion_n of_o light_n but_o the_o obscure_a part_n common_o call_v the_o ancient_a spot_n for_o as_o much_o as_o they_o reflect_v a_o less_o and_o absorbe_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o light_n to_o be_v therefore_o pellucid_a and_o diaphanous_a and_o analogous_n to_o our_o ocean_n sea_n lake_n and_o river_n from_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v we_o may_v probable_o infer_v that_o the_o moon_n be_v compose_v of_o solid_a and_o liquid_a part_n as_o this_o our_o terraqueous_a globe_n which_o we_o inhabit_v above_o which_o it_o be_v place_v in_o such_o a_o â—…itting_a degree_n of_o neighbourhood_n that_o thereby_o the_o light_n and_o influence_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n especial_o of_o the_o sun_n be_v fervent_a ray_n may_v by_o the_o celerity_n of_o its_o motion_n be_v so_o temper_v and_o by_o the_o asperity_n and_o inequality_n of_o its_o superficies_n so_o receive_v and_o thence_o reflect_v that_o they_o may_v be_v transmit_v to_o we_o with_o less_o incommodity_n than_o otherwise_o they_o will_v if_o they_o be_v direct_o project_v without_o that_o temperate_a medium_fw-la we_o be_v not_o yet_o to_o imagine_v though_o most_o astronomer_n as_o well_o ancient_a as_o modern_a conceive_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v another_o earth_n that_o it_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o same_o sand_n day_n stones_n as_o this_o terrestrial_a globe_n or_o that_o the_o lunary_n sea_n lake_n pool_n etc._n etc._n be_v of_o the_o same_o water_n with_o our_o sea_n lake_n or_o pool_n but_o happy_o of_o a_o quite_o different_a matter_n and_o to_o we_o incomprehensible_a and_o therefore_o as_o to_o its_o nature_n and_o substance_n we_o shall_v forbear_v with_o anaximander_n to_o determine_v that_o its_o concave_a orb_n be_v full_a of_o fire_n breathe_v out_o at_o one_o part_n as_o out_o of_o a_o tunnel_n or_o with_o xenophanes_n that_o it_o be_v a_o constipate_v cloud_n or_o with_o pythagoras_n that_o it_o be_v a_o stony_a body_n or_o with_o the_o stoic_n that_o it_o be_v compose_v of_o fire_n and_o air_n or_o as_o plato_n will_v of_o a_o terrene_a composition_n or_o as_o anaxagoras_n pretend_v of_o a_o mixture_n cold_a and_o earthly_a darkness_n be_v mix_v with_o her_o fiery_a nature_n whence_o she_o be_v call_v a_o star_n of_o false_a light_n or_o with_o heraclitus_n that_o it_o be_v another_o earth_n envelop_v within_o a_o misty_a dim_a cloud_n or_o with_o pliny_n and_o some_o of_o the_o modern_n that_o it_o be_v of_o a_o watery_a substance_n or_o as_o 6._o otto_n de_fw-fr guerrick_n conjecture_n that_o it_o be_v a_o globe_n of_o ice_n but_o shall_v leave_v these_o opinion_n as_o be_v dubious_a and_o uncertain_a to_o the_o further_a disquisition_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o give_v the_o reader_n a_o view_n of_o its_o figure_n and_o several_a phase_n in_o the_o annex_v scheme_n according_a to_o the_o observation_n of_o ricciolus_n and_o grimaldus_n and_o see_v mention_n have_v be_v make_v of_o the_o maculae_fw-la or_o spot_n appear_v in_o the_o face_n or_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n as_o well_o those_o obvious_a to_o the_o bare_a eye_n as_o the_o other_o discernible_a by_o help_n of_o the_o telescope_n we_o hold_v it_o necessary_a to_o make_v a_o more_o particular_a description_n of_o they_o they_o be_v distinguish_v into_o the_o ancient_a and_o the_o new_a the_o ancient_a spot_n be_v those_o great_a and_o large_a spot_n at_o all_o time_n discernible_a without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o telescope_n resemble_v large_a sea_n lake_n and_o bay_n heretofore_o know_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o the_o ancient_n of_o which_o plutarch_n have_v write_v a_o particular_a treatise_n under_o the_o title_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n i._n e._n de_fw-fr fancy_n in_o orb_n lunae_fw-la translate_v and_o comment_v upon_o by_o kepler_n and_o annex_v to_o his_o somnium_fw-la lunare_fw-la the_o new_a one_o be_v those_o lesser_a spot_n which_o be_v not_o discernible_a but_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o telescope_n which_o be_v various_a differ_v in_o magnitude_n figure_n situation_n colour_n etc._n etc._n observe_v and_o with_o exactness_n describe_v by_o sundry_a eminent_a modern_a astronomer_n some_o of_o who_o have_v impose_v as_o well_o upon_o the_o old_a as_o new_a distinct_a name_n and_o appellation_n for_o the_o better_a knowledge_n of_o they_o among_o who_o langrenus_n in_o his_o selenographia_fw-la have_v note_v they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o several_a person_n eminent_a either_o for_o their_o skill_n in_o the_o mathematics_n or_o their_o dignity_n and_o honour_n or_o their_o particular_a friendship_n and_o favour_n to_o he_o and_o his_o study_n hevelius_n as_o if_o the_o moon_n be_v another_o earth_n have_v describe_v and_o distinguish_v they_o by_o geographical_a mark_n and_o denomination_n transfer_v to_o they_o the_o name_n proper_a to_o our_o terrestrial_a continent_n promontory_n mountain_n island_n sea_n lake_n etc._n etc._n grimaldus_n have_v signalise_v they_o by_o the_o name_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o person_n peculiar_o addict_v to_o and_o eminent_a in_o the_o study_n of_o astronomy_n the_o scheme_n and_o table_n of_o the_o two_o last_v that_o of_o langrenus_n not_o yet_o come_v to_o my_o hand_n the_o reader_n may_v here_o take_v notice_n of_o as_o be_v of_o great_a use_n and_o advantage_n to_o all_o student_n in_o astronomy_n and_o very_o necessary_a not_o only_o for_o make_v 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this_o day_n retain_v its_o old_a name_n taygetus_n a_o mountain_n of_o laconia_n near_o sparta_n now_o portes_n tancon_n mons_fw-la a_o mountain_n so_o call_v near_o the_o caspian_a sea_n tarantinus_fw-la sinus_n a_o bay_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n at_o this_o day_n golfo_n di_fw-it taranto_n taurus_n mons_fw-la mount_v taurus_n the_o great_a of_o the_o whole_a earth_n as_o this_o of_o the_o moon_n taurica_n chersonesus_n the_o taurick_n chersonesus_n at_o this_o day_n chrimski_n precopska_n and_o gazaria_n taraciniae_fw-la insulae_fw-la techisandum_fw-la mons_fw-la a_o mountain_n of_o persia._n thambes_n mons_fw-la a_o mountain_n of_o africa_n figura_fw-la pro_fw-la nomenclatura_fw-la et_fw-la libratione_fw-la lunari_fw-la tenarium_fw-la promontorium_n the._n promontory_n of_o taenarus_n in_o peloponesus_fw-la now_o capo_n matapan_n thospitis_n lacus_n a_o great_a lake_n or_o mere_a in_o armenia_n on_o the_o border_n of_o mesopotamia_n now_o gabacu_fw-la tmolus_n mons_fw-la or_o tmolus_n a_o mountain_n of_o phrygia_n at_o this_o day_n tomalitze_n trapezus_n mons_fw-la a_o mountain_n in_o the_o taurick_n chersonesus_n at_o this_o day_n call_v lustra_fw-la and_o trebizonde_a by_o the_o turk_n tarabossan_n trasimenus_n lacus_n a_o famous_a lake_n of_o italy_n at_o this_o day_n lago_n di_fw-fr perugia_n troicus_n mons_fw-la a_o mountain_n whence_o the_o egyptian_a pyramid_n be_v hew_v u._n vulcania_n insula_n a_o island_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n near_o lipara_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o sicily_n not_o far_o from_o italy_n now_o vulcano_n uxii_n montes_n mountain_n so_o call_v in_o armenia_n major_a whence_o tigris_n have_v its_o source_n z._n zacynthus_n a_o island_n near_o peloponesus_fw-la at_o this_o day_n zante_n and_o thus_o much_o as_o to_o the_o explanation_n of_o the_o several_a name_n of_o the_o lunary_n spot_n according_a to_o the_o design_n of_o hevelius_n in_o his_o selenographick_a scheme_n or_o map_n to_o the_o scheme_n of_o hevelius_n we_o shall_v add_v that_o of_o grimaldi_n as_o the_o same_o be_v represent_v by_o ricciolus_n in_o his_o almage_a l._n 4._o p._n 204._o divide_v into_o eight_o part_n or_o octant_n and_o describe_v the_o several_a part_n or_o spot_n of_o the_o moon_n not_o according_a to_o the_o geographical_a design_n of_o hevelius_n but_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a philosopher_n and_o astronomer_n as_o well_o ancient_a as_o modern_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o follow_a nomenclature_n wherein_o the_o synonyma_fw-la of_o such_o spot_n or_o part_n as_o be_v add_v from_o the_o selenography_n of_o langrenus_n and_o hevelius_n be_v respective_o mark_v with_o the_o first_o letter_n of_o their_o name_n l._n and_o h._n nomenclature_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o moon_n for_o the_o selenography_n of_o p._n maria_n grimaldi_n 1._o octans_n anaximander_n aristarchus_n l._n balthassar_n cleostratus_n ecphantus_n eratosthenes_n l._n gassendus_fw-la l._n haro_n harpalus_n helicon_n cyzicenus_fw-la heraclides_fw-la ponticus_n oenopides_n pitheas_n massil_n l._n pythagoras_n timocharis_n xenophanes_n 2._o octans_n anaxagoras_n aratus_n archimedes_n l._n roma_fw-la h._n corsica_n archytas_n aristillus_fw-la aristoteles_n l._n brahe_n autolycus_n calippus_n conon_n democritus_n epigenes_n euctemon_n eudoxus_n l._n pozzo_n meton_n l._n amalsi_n philolaus_n plato_n l._n panciroli_n lacus_n h._n lacus_n niger_n thales_n l._n xenophanes_n theaetetus_n timaeus_n 3._o octans_n atlas_n berosus_n cepheus_n endymion_n geminus_n hercules_n hermes_n hyginus_n manilius_n l._n isabel_n r._n hisp_n h._n insula_n besbicus_n menelaus_n l._n maria_n imperatrix_fw-la mercurius_n messala_n arab_n osymandiez_fw-fr posidonius_n l._n lafailli_n sulpicius_n gallus_n zoroaster_n 4._o octans_n agrippa_n alcuinus_fw-la ariadaeus_fw-la beda_n cleomedes_n dionysius_n exiguus_fw-la firmicus_n goclenius_n jul._n caesar_n langrenus_n macrobius_n plinius_n plutarch_n proclus_n l._n puteanus_n seneca_n sosigenes_n taruntius_n vitruvius_n 5._o octans_n aben_n ezra_n abulfeda_n alfraganus_fw-la almaeon_n azophi_fw-la s._n catharina_n l._n picolomini_n s._n cyrillus_n alex._n s._n dionysius_n areop_n fabricius_n fracastorius_fw-la fournerius_n s._n i._n geber_n hypparchus_n hypatia_n s._n isidorus_n hisp._n rab._n levi_n mart._n capella_n metius_n mulerius_fw-la neander_n petavius_n s._n 1._o pontanus_n picolomineus_n reitha_n riccius_fw-la sacroboscus_n santbechius_fw-la snellius_n stevinus_n stiborius_n tatius_n achilles_n theon_n sen._n theon_n jun._n s._n theophilus_n alex._n vendelinus_n zagutus_fw-la 6._o octans_n albategnius_n l._n ferdinandus_n imp._n aliacensis_fw-la alpetragius_n alfonsus_n rex_fw-la l._n ludovicus_n 14._o apianus_n arzachel_n arzet_n s._n 1._o barocius_n bettinâ—…s_v s._n i._n blancanus_fw-la s._n i._n blanchinus_n cabaeus_n s._n 1._o clavius_n s._n 1._o l._n maximilianus_n curtius_n s._n 1._o cysatus_fw-la s._n i._n daniel_n bartolus_n s._n 1._o fernelius_n gauricus_n gemma_fw-la frisius_n griembergerus_n s._n 1._o gulielm_n hassiae_fw-la princ._n hagecius_n homelius_n kircherus_fw-la s._n i._n licetus_fw-la lilii_fw-la fratres_n longomontanus_n maginus_fw-la l._n visilii_fw-la manzinus_fw-la malapertius_n s._n 1._o maurolycus_n h._n estensis_n dux_n moretus_n s._n 1._o mutus_fw-la nonius_n orontius_n pitatus_n pitiscus_n ptolemaeus_n l._n innocentius_n x._o h._n mons_fw-la sypilus_n purbachius_n regiomontanus_n sasseride_v scheinerus_n s._n 1._o schomberger_n s._n 1._o simpelius_fw-la s._n i._n stoeflerus_n tannerus_n waltherus_n vernerus_n zucchius_n s._n 1._o 7._o octans_n bayerus_n bullialdus_n l._n medicaei_fw-la byrgius_n campanus_n capuanus_n cichus_n asculanus_n crugerus_n dersennis_n s._n 1._o eichstadius_n fontana_n gassendus_fw-la l._n annullus_fw-la neptuni_fw-la hainzelius_n herigonus_n junctinus_n kristmannus_fw-la mersennus_n morinus_n munosius_n origanus_n phocylides_n profacius_fw-la rothmannus_n schikardus_fw-la schillerus_n vieta_n zupus_fw-la s._n i._n 8._o octans_n anton._n rocca_n bessarion_n billy_n s._n 1._o cardanus_n cavallerius_n copernicus_n l._n philippus_n 4._o h._n mons_fw-la aetna_n cusanus_fw-la dominicus_n maria_n egnatius_n dante_n be_v eustachius_n galilaeus_fw-la grimaldus_n s._n 1._o l._n lacus_n posidonii_fw-la h._n lacus_n maeotis_n hortensius_n hevelius_n keplerus_n lansbergius_n linemannus_fw-la milichius_n moletius_n reinerus_n reinholdus_n rheticus_n ricciolus_n s._n 1._o seleucus_n simon_n marius_n sirsalis_fw-la s._n i._n stadius_n nomenclature_n of_o the_o lunary_n region_n whereto_o be_v add_v the_o number_n of_o the_o respective_a octant_n to_o which_o they_o appertain_v insula_fw-la ventorum_fw-la 8._o lacus_n mortis_fw-la 3._o lacus_n somniorum_fw-la 3._o l._n lacus_n scientiae_fw-la h._n palus_n hyperborea_n littus_n eclipticum_fw-la 1_o &_o 8._o l._n littus_n philippicum_fw-la mare_fw-la crisium_fw-la 4._o l._n mare_n caspium_n h._n palus_n maeotis_n mare_fw-la faeeunditatis_fw-la 4_o 5._o l._n mare_fw-la langreni_fw-la mare_fw-la frigoris_fw-la 2._o l._n mare_fw-la astronomicum_fw-la mare_fw-la humorum_fw-la 7._o l._n mare_n venetum_n mare_fw-la imbrium_fw-la 1_o 2._o l._n mare_n austriacum_n mare_fw-la nubium_fw-la 7._o l._n mare_fw-la borbonicum_fw-la mare_fw-la nectaris_fw-la 5._o l._n sinus_n batavicus_fw-la mare_fw-la serenitatis_fw-la 3_o l._n mare_fw-la eugenianum_fw-la h._n mare_n euxinum_n mare_fw-la tranquillitatis_fw-la 4._o l._n mare_n belgicum_n h._n euxinus_n mare_fw-la vaporum_fw-la 3._o oceanus_n procellarum_fw-la 1_o 8._o l._n oceanus_n philippicus_n h._n mare_fw-la eoum_fw-la palus_n nebularum_fw-la 2._o l._n terra_fw-la virtutis_fw-la palus_n nimborum_fw-la 7._o palus_n putredinis_fw-la 2._o palus_n somni_fw-la 4._o l._n aestuaria_n bamelr_n peninsula_n deliriorum_fw-la 7._o peninsula_n fulgurum_fw-la 7._o peninsula_n fulminum_fw-la 7._o sinus_n aestuum_fw-la 7._o l._n sinus_n medius_n h._n mare_n hadriaticum_n sinus_n epidemiarum_fw-la 7_o l._n mare_fw-la populorum_fw-la sinus_n iridum_fw-la 1._o l._n sinus_n geometricus_fw-la h._n sinus_n apollinis_n sinus_n roris_fw-la 1._o l._n sinus_n principis_fw-la stagnum_n glaciei_fw-la 2._o terra_fw-la caloris_fw-la 7._o terra_fw-la justitiae_fw-la terra_fw-la fertilitatis_fw-la 5_o 6._o l._n terra_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la h._n asia_n terra_fw-la grandinis_fw-la 2._o terra_fw-la mannae_fw-la 4_o 5._o l._n terra_fw-la temperantiae_fw-la h._n colchis_n terra_fw-la nivium_fw-la 2._o l._n montes_n austriaci_n h._n ital._n apenninus_n terra_fw-la pâ—…uinae_fw-la 1._o l._n terra_fw-la laboris_fw-la h._n mauritania_n terrra_fw-la sanitatis_fw-la 5._o l._n terra_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la h._n asiae_n pars_fw-la terra_fw-la siccitatis_fw-la 1_o 2._o l._n terra_fw-la honoris_fw-la terra_fw-la sterilitatis_fw-la 7._o terra_fw-la vitæ_fw-la 3_o 4._o l._n terra_fw-la sapientiae_fw-la h._n sarmatia_n terra_fw-la vigoris_fw-la 4_o 5._o l._n terra_fw-la pacis_fw-la of_o its_o motion_n either_o of_o revolution_n or_o libration_n we_o shall_v not_o here_o say_v any_o thing_n it_o be_v beside_o our_o present_a design_n but_o as_o to_o its_o distance_n apparent_a diameter_n and_o magnitude_n we_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o add_v the_o follow_a table_n table_n of_o the_o moon_n distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o same_o and_o its_o horizontal_n parallax_n in_o opposition_n or_o conjunction_n distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n horizontal_n parallax_n according_a to_o the_o follow_a author_n apog_n med._n perig._n  _fw-fr apog_n med._n perig._n  _fw-fr semid_n ′_o semid_a ′_o semid_a ′_o  _fw-fr ′_o ″_o ′_o ″_o ′_o ″_o ptolemaeus_n 64_o 10_o
hevelius_fw-la 16_o 18_o 9_o 0_o hodierna_fw-la 16_o 18_o 14_o 33_o vendelinus_n 16_o 756_o 1000_o  _fw-fr their_o diurnal_a and_o horary_a motion_n in_o their_o respective_a orbit_n each_o divide_v into_o 360°_n of_o the_o according_a to_o diurnal_a horary_a 1_o  _fw-fr gr._n ′_o ″_o gr._n ′_o ″_o galilaeus_fw-la 8_o 29_o circiter_fw-la marius_n 203_o 25_o 0_o 8_o 28_o 30_o hodierna_fw-la 203_o 23_o 44_o 8_o 28_o 29½_n 2_o galilaeus_fw-la 4_o 13_o fere_n marius_n 101_o 17_o 22_o 4_o 13_o 0_o hodierna_fw-la 101_o 17_o 21_o 4_o 13_o 13_o 3_o galilaeus_fw-la 2_o 6_o circiter_fw-la marius_n 50_o 14_o 57_o 2_o 6_o 30_o hodierna_fw-la 50_o 13_o 32_o 2_o 5_o 34_o 4_o galilaeus_fw-la 0_o 54_o 30_o marius_n 21_o 29_o 3½_n 0_o 53_o 30_o hodierna_fw-la 21_o 28_o 48_o 0_o 53_o 42_o as_o to_o jupiter_n distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o same_o be_v compute_v by_o ricciolus_n in_o its_o great_a distance_n to_o be_v remove_v from_o thence_o 47552_o terrestrial_a semidiameter_n in_o its_o mean_a distance_n 36500_o and_o in_o its_o least_n 26441_o of_o the_o say_a semidiameter_n it_o be_v apparent_a diameter_n according_a to_o the_o say_v ricciolus_n be_v when_o least_o in_o apogaeo_n 0′_n 38″_n â—…8‴_n when_o mean_a in_o its_o mean_a distance_n from_o the_o earth_n 0′_n 49″_n 46‴_n when_o great_a in_o his_o perigaeum_n 1′_n 08″_n 46‴_n it_o be_v true_a diameter_n contain_v of_o the_o earth_n diameter_n eight_o and_o 4_o 5._o it_o be_v circumference_n 27_o 63_o 100_o of_o the_o say_a diameter_n the_o area_n of_o his_o great_a circle_n 64_o square_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v convex_a superficies_n 242_o of_o the_o say_v square_a diameter_n the_o solidity_n of_o its_o body_n contain_v that_o of_o the_o earth_n 685_o time_n as_o to_o the_o structure_n of_o its_o globe_n we_o may_v conclude_v it_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o planet_n to_o be_v compose_v of_o solid_a and_o liquid_a part_n and_o by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v that_o it_o be_v of_o a_o body_n though_o physical_o round_a full_a of_o uneven_a asperity_n invest_v with_o a_o vapid_a atmosphere_n carry_v about_o its_o own_o centre_n by_o a_o vertiginous_a motion_n finish_v according_a to_o rheita_n in_o 11_o day_n 20_o hour_n 1_o minute_n 15″_n and_o that_o its_o zone_n or_o belt_n be_v solid_a part_n less_o capable_a of_o light_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o its_o solid_a or_o liquid_a part_n be_v saturn_n the_o high_a and_o of_o all_o the_o primary_n planet_n hitherto_o know_v the_o most_o remote_a from_o the_o earth_n run_v his_o course_n above_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o beneath_o the_o fix_a star_n as_o be_v collect_v from_o his_o parallax_n of_o all_o the_o planet_n the_o least_o and_o in_o a_o manner_n none_o at_o all_o nor_o be_v there_o any_o either_o of_o the_o fix_a or_o erratic_a star_n that_o afford_v to_o the_o observe_a eye_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o telescope_n such_o strange_a and_o admirable_a phaenomena_n the_o chief_a and_o most_o worthy_a of_o note_n be_v three_o first_o that_o he_o appear_v girdle_v about_o with_o a_o certain_a fascia_fw-la or_o zone_n or_o rather_o encompass_v about_o with_o a_o armilla_n or_o ring_n of_o light_n second_o that_o he_o have_v several_a lunulae_n or_o lesser_a planet_n like_o the_o jovial_a satellite_n move_v about_o his_o body_n three_o that_o his_o figure_n appear_v various_o and_o incredible_o diversify_v be_v sometime_o behold_v solitary_a in_o a_o round_a form_n at_o other_o time_n represent_v with_o two_o rundle_n adhere_v to_o each_o side_n which_o again_o alter_v their_o figure_n and_o appear_v like_o certain_a ansae_fw-la or_o handle_v as_o to_o the_o first_o phaenomenon_n the_o ingenious_a mounsieur_fw-fr hugens_n in_o his_o system_fw-la saturn_n p._n 46._o have_v note_v that_o the_o say_a ring_n about_o the_o body_n of_o saturn_n be_v every_o way_n alike_o distant_a from_o it_o the_o plane_n whereof_o always_o keep_v in_o a_o certain_a and_o constant_a inclination_n to_o the_o ecliptic_a appear_v according_a to_o its_o diversity_n of_o aspect_n now_o like_o a_o large_a ellipsis_n now_o like_o a_o more_o contract_a one_o at_o other_o time_n like_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o now_o and_o then_o like_o two_o brachia_n or_o ansae_fw-la as_o it_o be_v on_o each_o side_n the_o body_n of_o the_o say_a planet_n this_o hypothesis_n of_o his_o he_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n by_o he_o publish_v in_o the_o year_n 1656._o annulo_fw-la cingitur_fw-la tenui_fw-la plano_fw-la nusquam_fw-la cohaerente_fw-la ad_fw-la eclipticam_fw-la inclinato_fw-la but_o ricciolus_n conceive_v the_o say_v saturnian_a phaenomena_n may_v be_v as_o well_o salve_v if_o instead_o of_o mounseur_fw-fr hugens_fw-la he_o annulus_fw-la or_o ring_n distant_a from_o the_o body_n of_o saturn_n there_o be_v a_o elliptical_a armilla_n suppose_v coherent_a to_o it_o at_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o lesser_a diameter_n of_o the_o ellipsis_n which_o his_o hypothesis_n he_o deliver_v in_o 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that_o planet_n quite_o through_o his_o eccentric_a of_o which_o see_v the_o follow_a table_n take_v from_o ricciolus_n in_o paralip_n astronom_n reformat_fw-la something_o differ_v from_o that_o of_o hevelius_n insert_v in_o his_o forementioned_a treatise_n table_n of_o the_o divers_a phase_n of_o saturn_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o hevelius_n  _fw-fr sign_n gr._n denomination_n of_o the_o figure_n apog_n â™_o 27_o elliptico-ansatus_a plenus_fw-la decrease_v ♑_o 12_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ♑_o 27_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr â™’_o 12_o sphaerico-cuspidatus_a major_a  _fw-fr â™’_o 27_o sphaerico-cuspidatus_a minor_a  _fw-fr ♓_o 12_o trisphaericus_n mean_v distance_n ♓_o 27_o monosphaericus_a increase_v ♈_o 12_o trisphaericus_fw-la  _fw-fr ♈_o 27_o sphaerico-cuspidatus_a minor_a  _fw-fr ♉_o 12_o sphaerico-cuspidatus_a major_a  _fw-fr ♉_o 27_o sphaerico-ansatus_a  _fw-fr ♊_o 12_o elliptico-ansatus_a diminutus_fw-la perig._n ♊_o 27_o elliptico-ansatus_a plenus_fw-la decrease_v ♋_o 12_o elliptico-ansatus_a diminutus_fw-la  _fw-fr ♋_o 27_o sphaerico-ansatus_a  _fw-fr ♌_o 12_o sphaerico-cuspidatus_a
major_a  _fw-fr ♌_o 27_o sphaerico-cuspidatus_a minor_a  _fw-fr â™_o 12_o trisphaericus_n mean_v distance_n â™_o 27_o monosphaericus_a phase_n increase_v ♎_o 12_o trisphaericus_fw-la  _fw-fr ♎_o 27_o sphaerico-cuspidatus_a minor_a  _fw-fr â™’_o 12_o sphaerico-cuspidatus_a major_a  _fw-fr â™’_o 27_o sphaerico-ansatus_a  _fw-fr â™_o 12_o elliptico-ansatus_a diminutus_fw-la by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o forego_n table_n and_o ephemerides_n the_o true_a place_n of_o saturn_n be_v give_v it_o may_v be_v know_v say_v hevelius_n what_o the_o phase_n of_o saturn_n will_v be_v for_o any_o year_n to_o come_v of_o which_o for_o the_o great_a ease_n of_o such_o as_o will_v avoid_v the_o trouble_n of_o calculation_n he_o have_v compose_v the_o follow_a ephemerid_n end_v in_o the_o year_n 1701._o ephemeris_fw-la phasium_n saturni_n year_n month_n phase_n of_o saturn_n 1674_o  _fw-fr tricorpor_fw-la 1677_o  _fw-fr ansatus_n 1678_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1679_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1680_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1682_o from_o november_n to_o july_n tricorpor_fw-la 1683_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1684_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1685_o from_o september_n to_o october_n rotundus_fw-la perfect_v 1686_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1687_o  _fw-fr tricorpor_fw-la 1688_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1690_o  _fw-fr ansatus_n 1691_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1692_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1693_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1694_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1695_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1696_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1699_o  _fw-fr tricorpor_fw-la 1700_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1701_o  _fw-fr rotundus_fw-la but_o whether_o these_o phase_n may_v exact_o answer_v the_o hypothesis_n we_o leave_v to_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o curious_a and_o shall_v only_o add_v what_o we_o find_v report_v by_o ricciolus_n in_o paralipom_n ad_fw-la astronom_n râ—…mat_n touch_v some_o mechanical_a trial_n make_v by_o signior_n campani_a for_o the_o better_a discover_v the_o various_a face_n of_o this_o celestial_a proteus_n be_v as_o follow_v he_o cause_v a_o round_a white_a ball_n or_o globe_n to_o be_v insert_v within_o a_o armilla_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n a_o wire_n be_v make_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o armilla_n and_o the_o say_a globe_n as_o a_o diameter_n so_o that_o the_o armilla_n can_v be_v raise_v or_o depress_v at_o pleasure_n this_o be_v place_v in_o a_o convenient_a light_n and_o at_o a_o fit_a distance_n look_v upon_o through_o a_o small_a telescope_n give_v to_o he_o according_a to_o the_o divers_a elevation_n or_o depression_n of_o the_o say_v armilla_n all_o the_o phase_n that_o be_v not_o only_o then_o viz._n 1664._o by_o he_o real_o observe_v in_o saturn_n but_o what_o likewise_o for_o the_o future_a might_n hereafter_o be_v observable_a the_o same_o trial_n be_v also_o affirm_v to_o have_v be_v make_v by_o ricciolus_n by_o insert_v a_o globe_n as_o aforesaid_a within_o a_o armilla_n of_o a_o elliptical_a form_n touch_v the_o structure_n nature_n and_o substance_n of_o this_o planet_n it_o may_v be_v probable_o conclude_v first_o that_o it_o be_v compose_v ex_fw-la solido_fw-la &_o liquido_fw-la of_o a_o plumbeous_a or_o leaden_a temper_n and_o colour_n that_o it_o be_v spherical_a but_o withal_o full_a of_o uneven_a asperity_n second_o that_o it_o be_v a_o opacous_a body_n and_o illuminate_v ab_fw-la extra_fw-la and_o although_o the_o sun_n light_n may_v approach_v it_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o give_v a_o requisite_a lustre_n to_o so_o great_a and_o so_o distant_a a_o body_n and_o therefore_o must_v needs_o receive_v its_o light_n from_o some_o other_o fountain_n three_o that_o his_o companion_n or_o satellite_n have_v their_o proper_a light_n and_o thereby_o administer_v supply_n to_o that_o of_o their_o prince_n four_o that_o he_o have_v a_o gyration_n about_o its_o own_o centre_n and_o axis_n complete_v according_a to_o rheita_n in_o 29_o day_n 10_o hour_n 1′_n 16″_n his_o distance_n from_o the_o earth_n be_v by_o divers_a astronomer_n diverse_o compute_v but_o according_a to_o ricciolus_n in_o his_o great_a distance_n he_o be_v find_v to_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n 90155_o semidiameter_n thereof_o in_o his_o mean_a distance_n 73000_o in_o his_o least_n 57743_o of_o the_o say_a semidiameter_n his_o apparent_a diameter_n according_a to_o ricciolus_n when_o least_o in_o his_o apogaeo_n cum_fw-la comitib_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v 46″_n when_o in_o his_o mean_a distance_n from_o the_o earth_n 57″_n when_o great_a in_o his_o perigaeo_n 1′_n 12″_n his_o true_a diameter_n cum_fw-la comitibus_fw-la contain_v of_o the_o earth_n diameter_n 20._o 1_o 6._o his_o body_n that_o of_o the_o earth_n 891_o time_n we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o poem_n wherein_o manilius_n for_o the_o more_o perfect_a consummation_n of_o this_o work_n by_o way_n of_o corollary_n have_v insert_v a_o brief_a but_o not_o unelegant_a description_n of_o fiery_a meteor_n and_o comet_n touch_v the_o first_o of_o these_o it_o will_v be_v needless_a to_o say_v much_o we_o shall_v only_o reckon_v they_o up_o 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much_o as_o may_v serve_v either_o to_o explain_v what_o our_o author_n have_v write_v thereon_o or_o to_o supply_v in_o some_o measure_n what_o he_o have_v omit_v refer_v the_o more_o inquisitive_a reader_n to_o what_o among_o the_o ancient_n aristotle_n seneca_n pliny_n plutarch_n and_o ptolemy_n have_v write_v among_o the_o modern_a to_o what_o tycho_n blancanus_n cabaeus_n fortunius_n licetus_n camillus_n gloriosus_n longomontanus_n keplerus_n galileo_n fromondus_n and_o divers_a other_o have_v large_o and_o learned_o discourse_v of_o more_o especial_o to_o what_o the_o learned_a and_o reverend_a prelate_n seth_n lord_n bishop_n of_o sarum_n have_v publish_v in_o his_o dissertation_n de_fw-fr cometis_n to_o what_o monsieur_n petit_n have_v discourse_v in_o his_o piece_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o comet_n as_o likewise_o lubieniecius_fw-la in_o his_o theatrum_fw-la cometicum_fw-la hevelius_n in_o his_o accurate_a cometographia_fw-la and_o ricciolus_n in_o almage_a nou._n tom._n 2._o de_fw-fr cometis_n touch_v the_o matter_n place_n and_o efficient_a cause_n of_o comet_n both_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a comet_n philosopher_n and_o astronomer_n differ_v much_o we_o shall_v here_o give_v the_o reader_n their_o several_a opinion_n collect_v from_o divers_a of_o the_o forementioned_a author_n which_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o twelve_o distinct_a head_n the_o first_o will_v have_v comet_n not_o to_o be_v any_o thing_n real_a or_o distinct_a from_o other_o pre-existent_a celestial_a body_n but_o rather_o a_o mere_a emphasis_n or_o appearance_n make_v by_o the_o reflection_n or_o refraction_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n or_o those_o of_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n almost_o as_o be_v the_o halo_n parelii_n paraselene_n and_o rainbow_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v panaetius_n and_o some_o other_o mention_v by_o seneca_n natural_a quaest._n and_o plutarch_n de_n plâ—…it_fw-la philosoph_n the_o second_o likewise_o deny_v comet_n to_o be_v any_o thing_n de_fw-fr novo_fw-la exist_v in_o the_o heaven_n but_o to_o be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d symphaâ—…s_n or_o coappearance_n of_o divers_a star_n already_o know_v join_v together_o in_o corporal_a conjunction_n as_o astrologer_n use_v to_o speak_v and_o so_o make_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o long_a star_n as_o if_o it_o be_v as_o senâ—…_n express_v it_o duaruâ—…_n vel_fw-la plurium_fw-la stellarum_fw-la ignis_fw-la extensus_fw-la which_o opinion_n be_v by_o some_o ascribe_v to_o democritus_n anaxagoâ—…as_n and_o zâ—…no_n this_o be_v touch_v at_o by_o manilius_n where_o he_o say_v nature_n do_v those_o fade_a light_n design_n as_o subunited_a star_n in_o heaven_n to_o shine_v which_o see_v already_o explain_v in_o our_o note_n the_o three_o opinion_n make_v comet_n to_o be_v some_o new_a and_o extraordinary_a planet_n differ_v from_o the_o seven_o common_o know_v be_v seldom_o see_v by_o reason_n either_o of_o their_o nearness_n to_o the_o sun_n or_o their_o too_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o earth_n which_o after_o some_o space_n of_o time_n emerge_v out_o of_o the_o sun_n beam_n under_o which_o they_o lay_v hide_v or_o approach_v near_o to_o the_o earth_n become_v visible_a this_o be_v
seven_o be_v that_o of_o galileo_n viz._n that_o the_o tail_n of_o a_o comet_n be_v of_o its_o own_o nature_n straight_o as_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n but_o appear_v to_o we_o to_o be_v crooked_a when_o near_o the_o horizon_n and_o incline_v thereunto_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o refraction_n of_o the_o species_n or_o of_o the_o visual_a ray_n make_v in_o the_o spherical_a superficies_n of_o the_o air_n which_o near_o the_o earth_n be_v fill_v with_o gross_a vapour_n this_o he_o illustrate_v by_o the_o example_n of_o a_o oar_n which_o though_o straight_o seem_v in_o the_o water_n by_o the_o force_n of_o refraction_n to_o be_v crooked_a the_o eight_o be_v that_o of_o io._n baptista_n cysatus_n who_o conceive_v the_o tail_n of_o a_o comet_n not_o to_o be_v a_o flame_n but_o a_o radious_a cone_n or_o pyramid_n make_v by_o the_o sun_n beam_n transmit_v through_o the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o sun_n be_v light_a pass_v through_o a_o hole_n or_o convex_a glass_n illustrate_v a_o room_n or_o chamber_n which_o he_o say_v be_v do_v partly_o by_o refraction_n partly_o by_o reflection_n from_o the_o polyangular_a side_n of_o the_o corpuscula_fw-la that_o form_n the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n the_o nine_o be_v of_o nichol._n cabaeus_n who_o make_v the_o tail_n of_o the_o comet_n to_o be_v the_o sunbeam_n shine_v through_o the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n and_o refract_v but_o since_o all_o beam_n however_o refract_v be_v propagate_v by_o right_a line_n he_o affirm_v the_o tail_n of_o a_o comet_n can_v possible_o be_v real_o crooked_a but_o only_o apparent_o such_o and_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o apparent_a crookedness_n he_o refer_v to_o the_o divers_a site_n or_o plane_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o of_o the_o tail_n or_o bush_n of_o the_o comet_n the_o ten_o be_v that_o of_o fromondus_n meteor_n l._n 3._o c._n 4._o where_o he_o affirm_v the_o tail_n of_o a_o comet_n to_o be_v the_o sunbeam_n transverberate_v per_fw-la cerebrum_fw-la capitis_fw-la cometae_fw-la as_o he_o term_v it_o and_o at_o the_o beginning_n not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o length_n nor_o direct_o to_o tend_v towards_o the_o part_n turn_v from_o the_o sun_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o various_a diversion_n it_o meet_v with_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o profundity_n and_o opacity_n of_o the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n but_o after_o that_o opacity_n be_v a_o little_a clear_v and_o the_o matter_n better_o digest_v than_o the_o sunbeam_n issue_v forth_o direct_o and_o stream_n into_o a_o long_a bush_n or_o train_n the_o eleven_o be_v that_o of_o fortunius_n licetus_n who_o conceive_v that_o to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o comet_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a matter_n that_o adhere_v by_o some_o extrinsecal_n appulse_n and_o have_v its_o coagmentation_n and_o generation_n near_o the_o body_n of_o the_o comet_n from_o the_o same_o cause_n that_o form_v the_o comet_n and_o either_o by_o the_o innate_a or_o proper_a light_n of_o its_o head_n or_o by_o the_o sun_n beam_n be_v illuminate_v and_o become_v visible_a in_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o comet_n that_o be_v in_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v direct_o turn_v from_o the_o sun_n the_o twelve_o be_v that_o of_o ricciolus_n who_o first_o conceive_v it_o not_o improbable_a that_o the_o tail_n or_o train_n of_o a_o comet_n be_v of_o the_o same_o substance_n with_o the_o comet_n and_o to_o shine_v by_o its_o own_o light_n propagate_v from_o its_o head_n the_o face_n of_o which_o be_v always_o convert_v to_o the_o sun_n like_o a_o heliotrope_n or_o as_o a_o magnet_n to_o the_o pole_n and_o by_o a_o slow_a vertiginous_a motion_n about_o the_o centre_n of_o its_o head_n to_o be_v so_o move_v that_o the_o more_o perfect_a part_n of_o the_o comet_n always_o respect_v the_o sun_n the_o other_o part_n to_o be_v turn_v from_o the_o sun_n and_o to_o have_v divers_a shape_v and_o figure_n according_a to_o the_o several_a species_n of_o comet_n and_o the_o diversity_n of_o its_o matter_n and_o configuration_n second_o he_o hold_v it_o very_o probable_a that_o the_o train_n or_o bush_n of_o a_o comet_n be_v a_o multitude_n of_o most_o subtle_a corpuscula_fw-la in_o the_o air_n or_o aether_n fly_v about_o the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n not_o such_o as_o we_o see_v through_o a_o chink_n dance_v in_o the_o sunbeam_n nor_o like_o those_o exhalation_n which_o make_v the_o crepusculum_fw-la or_o twilight_n but_o much_o more_o subtle_a and_o high_a nor_o apt_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o smallness_n their_o little_a opacity_n and_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o sun_n to_o be_v discern_v by_o we_o through_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n unless_o very_o strong_o illuminate_v that_o that_o strong_a illumination_n be_v make_v by_o the_o collection_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n by_o the_o power_n of_o refraction_n into_o one_o though_o not_o precise_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o unite_v after_o their_o trajection_n through_o a_o sphere_n of_o glass_n he_o likewise_o conceive_v the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n to_o consist_v of_o divers_a minute_n body_n homogenial_a partly_o polyangular_a partly_o spherical_a partly_o spheroeidal_n hence_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o these_o various_a superficies_n the_o sun_n beam_n pass_v after_o a_o divers_a manner_n through_o the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n as_o well_o of_o refraction_n as_o reflection_n come_v forth_o much_o more_o multiply_v and_o collect_v together_o than_o otherwise_o they_o will_v do_v if_o they_o pass_v not_o through_o the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n or_o be_v not_o refract_v to_o these_o we_o may_v add_v the_o different_a opinion_n of_o the_o excellent_a des_fw-mi cartes_n and_o the_o much_o know_a doctor_n isaac_n vossius_fw-la but_o that_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o our_o prescribe_a brevity_n and_o therefore_o shall_v refer_v the_o curious_a reader_n to_o receive_v further_a satisfaction_n in_o this_o particular_a from_o their_o own_o better_a pen_n as_o deliver_v by_o the_o first_o in_o princip_n philosoph_n part._n 3._o by_o the_o other_o in_o his_o learned_a treatise_n de_fw-fr natura_n &_o propriet_fw-la lucis_fw-la c._n 32._o and_o in_o his_o appendix_n thereunto_o c._n 8._o from_o the_o divers_a figure_n and_o appearance_n of_o these_o train_n or_o bush_n comet_n be_v distinguish_v comet_n into_o several_a kind_n or_o species_n reducible_a to_o two_o chief_a head_n that_o be_v to_o say_v criniti_fw-la seu_fw-la comati_fw-la and_o barbati_n to_o the_o first_o head_n or_o classis_fw-la relate_v these_o follow_v viz._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seu_fw-la hircus_fw-la to_o the_o latter_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d veru_n seu_fw-la pertica_fw-la and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 1._o disceus_n sive_fw-la disciformis_a cometa_fw-la be_v a_o comet_n resemble_v in_o shape_n or_o form_n a_o round_a dish_n or_o platter_n among_o these_o kind_n the_o chief_a be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v rosa_n sive_fw-la chryseus_fw-la bright_a shine_v and_o of_o a_o silver_n colour_n mix_v with_o gold_n or_o amber_n colour_n those_o of_o this_o sort_n which_o be_v not_o absolute_o round_a resemble_v the_o figure_n of_o a_o shield_n and_o be_v according_o call_v clypeiforme_n 2._o pitheus_n sieve_n doli-formis_a resemble_v the_o form_n or_o shape_n of_o a_o tun_n of_o which_o there_o be_v divers_a kind_n some_o of_o a_o oval_a figure_n some_o like_o a_o tun_n or_o barrel_n erect_v or_o set_v on_o end_n some_o like_a one_o incline_v and_o cut_v short_a off_o other_o have_v a_o bush_n or_o train_n annex_v 3._o hippeus_n seu_fw-la equinus_fw-la resemble_v a_o horse_n main_n not_o always_o of_o the_o same_o shape_n or_o figure_n for_o now_o it_o spread_v its_o syrma_fw-la or_o train_n from_o the_o forepart_n or_o front_n now_o from_o the_o hinder_a part_n now_o of_o a_o oval_a figure_n now_o like_o a_o rhomboide_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v distinguish_v into_o equinus_fw-la barbatus_n equinus_fw-la angularis_fw-la sive_fw-la quadrangularis_fw-la and_o equinus_fw-la ellipticus_fw-la of_o this_o pliny_n say_v it_o be_v very_o swift_a in_o motion_n and_o turn_v round_o about_o itself_o 4._o argyrocomus_fw-la sive_fw-la argenticomus_fw-la be_v not_o much_o different_a from_o that_o which_o be_v call_v solaris_fw-la sive_fw-la rosa_fw-la but_o that_o it_o be_v of_o a_o white_a colour_n and_o shine_v with_o such_o a_o dazzle_a silver_n haired_a light_n as_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v look_v upon_o 5._o hircus_fw-la or_o the_o goat_n be_v environ_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o main_n seem_o rough_a and_o hairy_a by_o the_o slender_a fibrae_fw-la of_o its_o beam_n or_o ray_n it_o be_v sometime_o of_o a_o round_a figure_n without_o any_o train_n or_o bush._n 6._o lampadias_n sive_fw-la lampadiformis_a be_v a_o comet_n resemble_v burn_a lamp_n or_o torch_n and_o be_v of_o several_a
till_o the_o nine_o of_o august_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 1607_o on_o the_o twenty_o five_o on_o twenty_o six_o of_o september_n last_v till_o the_o five_o of_o november_n see_v in_o the_o evening_n about_o seven_o of_o the_o clock_n and_o from_o thence_o all_o night_n under_o the_o great_a bear_n a_o little_a high_o than_o that_o star_n which_o be_v towards_o the_o square_n in_o the_o 30°_n of_o leo_n and_o 36°_n of_o northern_a latitude_n its_o parallax_n be_v find_v not_o to_o exceed_v 3′_n and_o consequent_o its_o place_n in_o the_o high_a heaven_n or_o aether_n it_o move_v in_o direct_a motion_n from_o the_o foremost_a foot_n of_o the_o great_a bear_n under_o its_o belly_n pass_v by_o the_o midst_n of_o boötes_n and_o strike_v through_o the_o serpent_n come_v under_o the_o hand_n of_o ophiuchus_n arrive_v at_o his_o foremost_a foot_n and_o stay_v in_o his_o leg._n the_o orbit_n in_o which_o it_o be_v carry_v seem_v to_o be_v a_o great_a circle_n at_o last_o extreme_o bend_v or_o bow_v towards_o the_o ecliptic_a on_o the_o thirty_o of_o september_n its_o diurnal_a motion_n be_v thirteen_o degree_n but_o both_o before_o anc_fw-la after_o its_o motion_n be_v slow_a at_o length_n retrograd_n and_o stationary_a a_o to_o longitude_n its_o head_n be_v not_o of_o â—…n_n even_o or_o equal_a roundness_n but_o here_o and_o there_o extuberate_v it_o be_v apparent_a magnitude_n great_a than_o any_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n oâ—…_n than_o that_o of_o jupiter_n it_o be_v light_a weak_a pâ—…le_a and_o waterish_a like_o that_o of_o the_o moon_n when_o near_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n towards_o its_o end_n diminish_v more_o and_o more_o its_o tail_n be_v something_o long_o and_o thick_a project_v with_o some_o little_a deviation_n against_o that_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n opposite_a to_o the_o sun_n vendâ—…nus_n see_v it_o like_o a_o flame_a lance_n oâ—…_n sword_n seven_o degree_n in_o length_n 1618._o the_o first_o comet_n august_n the_o twenty_o five_o last_v till_o the_o twenty_o five_o of_o september_n appear_v about_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n before_o sunrising_n a_o little_a beneath_o the_o left_a forefoot_n of_o ursa_n major_n incline_v towards_o the_o head_n of_o leo_n in_o the_o ten_o degree_n of_o the_o say_a sign_n and_o in_o the_o twenty_o second_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n the_o second_o of_o september_n it_o proceed_v in_o motion_n retrograde_a in_o antecedence_n of_o the_o sign_n one_o degree_n afterward_o in_o its_o course_n more_o remiâ—…s_v it_o â—…ppeared_v as_o observe_v by_o a_o telescope_n to_o be_v hairy_a its_o light_n not_o clear_a shine_a but_o cloudy_a and_o duskish_a its_o tail_n short_a and_o broad_a spread_v towards_o the_o west_n 1618._o the_o second_o comet_n on_o the_o ten_o of_o november_n last_v to_o the_o eighteen_o or_o twenty_o three_o of_o the_o same_o month_n appear_v two_o hour_n before_o sunrising_n between_o the_o autumnal_a section_n and_o the_o eighteen_o degree_n of_o libra_n decline_a from_o the_o ecliptic_a southward_n 15°_n it_o be_v motion_n retrograde_a its_o head_n be_v not_o distinct_o observe_v by_o the_o europaean_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o vicinity_n to_o the_o sun_n but_o in_o persia_n its_o colour_n be_v find_v to_o be_v like_o the_o vapour_n of_o flower_n of_o brimstone_n set_v on_o fire_n its_o tail_n be_v like_o that_o of_o a_o estridâ—…bowed_a in_o length_n forty_o five_o degreeâ—…_n in_o persia_n it_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v like_o cymitâ—…r_n or_o ratheâ—…_n like_o a_o young_a palmtree_n whoâ—…e_v top_n bowes_n bend_v but_o little_o 1618._o the_o three_o comet_n november_n the_o twenty_o second_o or_o twenty_o three_o last_v to_o the_o thirteen_o of_o december_n see_v in_o the_o morning_n it_o take_v its_o rise_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a eastern_a point_n its_o motion_n waâ—…_n northward_o its_o colour_n be_v like_a that_o of_o veâ—…us_n who_o magnitude_n it_o equal_v if_o not_o exceed_v it_o have_v a_o long_a maiâ—…_n or_o tress_n 1618._o the_o four_o and_o last_v comet_n on_o the_o twenty_o four_o of_o november_n last_v sixty_o day_n viz._n until_o the_o twenty_o four_o of_o janury_n next_o follow_v see_v in_o the_o morning_n before_o sunrising_n on_o the_o twenty_o nine_o of_o november_n it_o be_v see_v between_o the_o scale_n of_o libra_n more_o eastward_o than_o a_o line_n draw_v direct_o between_o the_o say_a scale_n and_o more_o approach_v to_o the_o northern_a scale_n it_o be_v true_a place_n be_v in_o the_o aether_n for_o at_o first_o it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o earth_n seventy_o one_o of_o its_o semidiameter_n at_o last_o it_o be_v high_a than_o the_o sun_n itself_o for_o its_o parallax_n be_v find_v to_o be_v less_o than_o that_o of_o the_o sun_n its_o motion_n be_v to_o the_o north_n with_o some_o inclination_n westward_o for_o it_o pass_v by_o the_o middle_n of_o libra_n and_o by_o boötes_n and_o when_o it_o have_v advance_v as_o far_o as_o his_o head_n it_o shine_v all_o night_n thence_o proceed_v above_o his_o wrist_n and_o over_o ursa_n major_n it_o be_v motion_n become_v every_o day_n flower_n and_o flower_n as_o to_o its_o progress_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a it_o run_v from_o the_o end_n of_o scorpio_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o caeâ—…er_n above_o one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n at_o first_o southern_a at_o last_o northern_a its_o colour_n be_v palish_a the_o low_a part_n of_o its_o head_n be_v perfect_o round_a â—…e_v upper_a part_n whence_o the_o tail_n issue_v be_v uneven_a and_o as_o it_o be_v indent_v it_o be_v light_a languid_a whitish_a and_o cloudy_a yet_o sometime_o a_o little_a twinkle_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o head_n at_o first_o be_v one_o single_a kernel_n or_o nucleus_n afterward_o separate_v into_o three_o or_o more_o and_o at_o length_n part_v into_o more_o lesser_a and_o lesser_a be_v dissolve_v it_o be_v apparent_a as_o well_o as_o true_a magnitude_n be_v various_a and_o unconstant_a its_o tail_n towards_o the_o head_n be_v very_o narrow_a about_o the_o middle_a and_o its_o extremity_n prettâ—…_n large_a it_o be_v extend_v with_o some_o incurvation_n now_o to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d now_o to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d but_o not_o precise_o in_o oppoâ—…ion_n to_o the_o sun_n through_o its_o middle_n according_a to_o longitude_n run_v a_o clear_a line_n like_o the_o pith_n of_o a_o tree_n not_o seldom_o the_o whole_a bush_n or_o train_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o scintillation_n anâ—…_n fluctuation_n its_o head_n likewise_o dart_v forth_o raâ—…es_n and_o sudden_o withdraw_v they_o it_o length_n be_v sometime_o extend_v to_o 45_o 60_o 75_o nâ—…y_n to_o 104_o degree_n its_o breadth_n to_o 〈◊〉_d degree_n it_o be_v câ—…lour_n near_o the_o head_n 〈◊〉_d and_o fiery_a towards_o the_o end_n pale_a and_o whitith_n 1647_o on_o the_o twenty_o nine_o of_o november_n last_v but_o two_o day_n see_v in_o the_o evening_n at_o half_a a_o hour_n past_o eight_o in_o the_o constellation_n of_o berenice_n hair_n not_o so_o far_o as_o five_o degree_n from_o the_o left_a leg_n of_o boötes_n about_o 10°_n from_o arcturus_n in_o the_o eight_o degree_n of_o libra_n and_o in_o the_o twenty_o six_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n its_o motion_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o series_n of_o the_o sign_n viz._n from_o the_o head_n of_o boötes_n towards_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o spica_fw-la virgin_n it_o be_v something_o less_o in_o appearance_n than_o arcturus_n but_o sufficient_o bright_a and_o splendid_a its_o tail_n be_v erect_v upward_o towards_o the_o zenith_n in_o length_n twelve_o degree_n like_v to_o a_o broom_n conspicuous_a and_o splendid_a enough_o where_o it_o issue_v from_o the_o head_n towards_o its_o extremity_n more_o thin_a and_o dilute_a 1652_o on_o the_o twenty_o of_o december_n last_v till_o january_n the_o ten_o appear_v about_o six_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o evening_n in_o 9°_n of_o gemini_fw-la and_o 31°_n of_o southern_a latitude_n not_o far_o from_o rigel_n in_o the_o left_a foot_n of_o orion_n so_o that_o by_o its_o situation_n with_o the_o say_a star_n and_o another_o above_o the_o foot_n of_o orion_n in_o eridanus_n it_o make_v in_o a_o manner_n a_o equilateral_a triangle_n it_o be_v true_a place_n be_v in_o the_o aether_n or_o high_a heaven_n for_o when_o it_o be_v near_a the_o earth_n its_o distance_n thence_o be_v 110_o semidiameter_n thereof_o it_o be_v parallax_n at_o first_o be_v find_v to_o be_v 31′_n 15″_n but_o about_o the_o twelve_o of_o january_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o earth_n 22509_o of_o the_o earth_n semidiameter_n its_o parallax_n not_o above_o 9″_n and_o consequent_o it_o be_v as_o high_a as_o the_o orb_n of_o jupiter_n it_o be_v motion_n be_v constant_o retrograde_a from_o south_n to_o north_n by_o the_o hare_n foot_n of_o orion_n taurus_n to_o the_o pleyade_n and_o from_o thence_o as_o far_o as_o perseus_n not_o direct_o but_o oblique_o from_o
strabo_n l._n 16._o from_o the_o authority_n of_o pâ—…sidonius_n affirm_v be_v the_o first_o author_n or_o introducer_n of_o these_o indivisible_a principle_n and_o live_v before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trojan_a war._n by_o atom_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v what_o the_o latin_n call_v insectile_a that_o be_v a_o body_n incapable_a of_o division_n both_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o solidity_n ob_fw-la vacui_fw-la careâ—…iam_fw-la and_o the_o minuteness_n of_o its_o body_n whence_o it_o be_v proper_o say_v to_o be_v quid_fw-la minimum_fw-la or_o as_o our_o author_n term_n it_o penè_fw-la nihilum_fw-la but_o see_v these_o explain_v in_o lucretius_n de_fw-la rerum_fw-la naturâ_fw-la and_o the_o ingenious_a interpreter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n mr._n evelyn_n more_o especial_o gassendus_fw-la in_o his_o incomparable_a epicurean_a animadversion_n animadversion_n this_o be_v assert_v by_o hyppasus_n the_o metapontine_n and_o from_o he_o by_o heraclitus_n the_o ephesian_a the_o opinion_n thus_o deliver_v by_o laertius_n all_o thing_n consist_v of_o fire_n and_o into_o that_o be_v resolve_v for_o since_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v by_o condensation_n and_o rarâ—…faction_n and_o flow_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o river_n fire_v when_o it_o be_v condense_v bumectate_v and_o become_v air_n air_n when_o compress_v become_v water_n water_n contract_v and_o grow_v concrete_a become_v earth_n this_o be_v the_o way_n down_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o earth_n be_v diffuse_v thereof_o water_n be_v make_v of_o water_n the_o rest_n after_o like_a manner_n this_o be_v the_o way_n up_o to_o this_o effect_n likewise_o plutarch_n de_fw-fr placit_fw-la philosoph_n l._n 1._o &_o stobaeus_n eclog._n physic._n l._n 1._o 1._o mean_v the_o star_n according_a to_o the_o stoic_n who_o make_v the_o world_n to_o be_v a_o corporeal_a deity_n and_o the_o star_n its_o eye_n see_v plutarch_n the_o fancy_n in_o orb_n lunae_fw-la and_o li_n physiol_n stoic_n l._n 2._o dissert_n 10._o 10._o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v thales_n the_o milesian_n and_o pherecydes_n of_o scyrus_n who_o hold_v water_n to_o be_v the_o first_o principle_n of_o all_o natural_a body_n whereof_o they_o consist_v and_o into_o which_o they_o resolve_v the_o reason_n or_o ground_n for_o which_o opinion_n be_v these_o first_o because_o the_o seminal_a and_o generate_a principle_n of_o all_o live_a creature_n be_v humid_a second_o because_o all_o kind_n of_o plant_n be_v nourish_v by_o moisture_n want_v which_o they_o wither_v and_o decay_v three_o because_o fire_n even_o the_o sun_n itself_o and_o the_o star_n be_v maintain_v by_o vapour_n proceed_v from_o water_n and_o consequent_o the_o whole_a world_n consist_v thereof_o see_v plutarch_n de_fw-fr placit_fw-la philosoph_n and_o particular_o to_o omit_v divers_a other_o my_o learned_a dear_a friend_n mr._n stanley_n in_o his_o history_n of_o philosophy_n part._n i._n i._n not_o improper_o be_v that_o epithet_n give_v to_o fire_n it_o be_v by_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n believe_v to_o be_v a_o devour_a animal_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o egyptian_n refuse_v to_o burn_v their_o dead_a imagine_v fire_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d animata_fw-la bellua_fw-la as_o herodot_n l._n 3._o inform_v we_o we_o assert_v by_o empedocles_n who_o hold_v the_o principle_n of_o all_o thing_n to_o be_v the_o four_o element_n to_o which_o he_o add_v two_o power_n amity_n and_o discord_n the_o one_o unitive_a the_o other_o discretive_a see_v plutarch_n de_fw-fr placit_fw-la philosoph_n laertius_n in_o vit._n empedocl_n achilles_n tatius_n in_o arat._n phaenâ—…men_n and_o lactantius_n lib._n 2._o which_o last_o conceive_v he_o derive_v this_o opinion_n from_o hermes_n trismegistus_n these_o element_n he_o call_v after_o this_o manner_n fire_n he_o term_v jupiter_n the_o air_n juno_n or_o as_o laertius_n say_v but_o not_o with_o so_o good_a reason_n pluto_n the_o water_n nestis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n fluere_fw-la the_o earth_n pluto_n or_o according_a to_o laertius_n juno_n i._n e._n vesta_n consonant_a to_o this_o opinion_n of_o empedocles_n thus_o ovid_n metam_fw-la l._n 1._o quatuor_fw-la aeternus_fw-la genitalia_fw-la corpora_fw-la mundus_fw-la continet_fw-la and_o again_o l._n 15._o omnia_fw-la fiunt_fw-la exit_fw-la ipsis_fw-la &_o in_o ipsa_fw-la cadunt_fw-la lipsius_n philosoph_n stoic_n lib._n 1._o conceive_v our_o author_n in_o these_o verse_n to_o touch_v at_o the_o opinion_n of_o strato_n the_o peripatetic_a who_o hâ—…ld_v this_o mundane_a deity_n to_o be_v form_v of_o these_o four_o elemental_a limb_n sine_fw-la mente_fw-la gubernante_fw-la of_o which_o thus_o sâ—…neca_n in_o a_o fragment_n of_o he_o cite_v by_o st._n augustine_n l._n 6._o de_fw-la civitat_fw-la dei_fw-la ego_v feram_fw-la platonem_fw-la aut_fw-la peripateticum_n stratonem_fw-la quorum_fw-la alter_fw-la scil_n plato_n deum_fw-la sine_fw-la corpore_fw-la fecit_fw-la alter_fw-la sine_fw-la anima_fw-la anima_fw-la to_o this_o purpose_n lactantius_n l._n 2._o philosophi_fw-la quidam_fw-la &_o pâ—…e_fw-la taedisâ—…ordi_fw-la concordia_fw-la mundum_fw-la constare_fw-la dixerunt_fw-la i._n e._n some_o philosopher_n and_o lâ—…oets_n report_v the_o world_n to_o consist_v â—…f_o discord_v concord_n so_o likewâ—…se_a cassiodorus_n lib._n 2._o variarum_fw-la merito_fw-la dicunt_fw-la philosophi_fw-la elementa_fw-la sibi_fw-la mutuis_fw-la complexiâ—…us_fw-la illigari_fw-la &_o mirabili_fw-la conjungi_fw-la foederatione_fw-la quae_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la contrariâ_fw-la intelliguntur_fw-la varietate_fw-la pugnare_fw-la this_o disâ—…onant_a harmony_n of_o nature_n be_v represent_v by_o orpheus_n in_o his_o tetrachord_n in_o which_o as_o there_o be_v four_o string_n from_o the_o mixture_n of_o who_o different_a tone_n result_v a_o sweet_a harmony_n so_o by_o concourse_n and_o mixture_n of_o the_o four_o element_n all_o thing_n be_v generate_v and_o as_o in_o the_o tetrachord_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d render_v the_o grave_a sound_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o most_o acute_a and_o the_o near_a in_o gravity_n of_o sound_n to_o the_o first_o come_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o second_o in_o acuteness_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o among_o the_o element_n there_o be_v one_o the_o heavy_a earth_n and_o one_o the_o light_a fire_n answer_v to_o the_o two_o first_o note_n water_n and_o air_n answer_v to_o the_o two_o intermediate_v tones_n this_o admirable_a consent_n of_o the_o contrary_a element_n be_v here_o not_o unapt_o call_v the_o matrimonial_a band_n of_o nature_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n say_v lactantius_n loco_fw-la citato_fw-la the_o marriage_n of_o the_o ancient_n be_v confirm_v and_o plight_v by_o the_o sacrament_n of_o two_o contrary_a element_n fire_n and_o water_n in_o regard_v that_o heat_n and_o moisture_n be_v the_o parent_n of_o all_o generation_n as_o ovid_n l._n 1._o metam_fw-la have_v likewise_o express_v it_o quip_n ubi_fw-la temperiem_fw-la sumpsere_fw-la humorque_fw-la calorque_fw-la concipiunt_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la his_fw-la oriuntur_fw-la â—…unctá_fw-la duobus_fw-la cumque_fw-la sit_fw-la ignis_fw-la aquae_fw-la pugnax_fw-la vapour_n humidus_fw-la omnes_fw-la res_fw-la create_v &_o discors_fw-la concordia_fw-la foetibus_fw-la apta_fw-la est_fw-la disposition_n and_o order_n of_o its_o part_n part_n our_o author_n here_o confine_n not_o the_o element_n of_o fire_n within_o the_o convex_a of_o the_o lunary_n sphere_n as_o aristotle_n and_o his_o follower_n but_o with_o the_o stoic_n transmits_n it_z to_o the_o aethereal_a region_n which_o they_o will_v have_v so_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n ab_fw-la ardore_fw-la as_o consist_v of_o fire_n and_o to_o be_v heaven_n itself_o embrace_v all_o thing_n as_o cleanthes_n in_o cicero_n i._n e._n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la deorum_fw-la describe_v it_o ultimum_fw-la &_o altissimum_fw-la atque_fw-la undique_fw-la circumfusum_fw-la &_o extremum_fw-la omne_fw-la cingentem_fw-la atque_fw-la complexum_fw-la ardorem_fw-la qui_fw-la aeaher_n nominatur_fw-la to_o this_o purpose_n likewise_o macrobius_n in_o somnio_fw-la scipionis_fw-la quicquid_fw-la ex_fw-la omni_fw-la materiâ_fw-la de_fw-la quâ_fw-la facta_fw-la sunt_fw-la omne_fw-la purissimum_fw-la ac_fw-la liquidissimum_fw-la fuit_fw-la id_fw-la tenuit_fw-la summitatem_fw-la &_o aether_n vocatus_fw-la est_fw-la fire_n air._n water_n water_n so_o ovid_n tellus_fw-la elementaque_fw-la grandia_fw-la traxit_fw-la et_fw-la pressa_fw-la est_fw-la gravitate_fw-la suâ_fw-la upon_o which_o word_n jacobus_n cruceus_n per_fw-la elementa_fw-la grandia_fw-la nos_fw-la materialem_fw-la intelligimus_fw-la allâ—…vionem_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o the_o heavy_a element_n we_o understand_v that_o material_a conflux_n which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o settle_n and_o dregs_o of_o all_o the_o element_n to_o the_o same_o sense_n likewise_o lucretius_n terrae_fw-la concreto_fw-la corpore_fw-la pondus_fw-la constitit_fw-la atque_fw-la omnis_fw-la mundi_fw-la quasi_fw-la lincus_n in_fw-la imum_fw-la confluxit_fw-la gravis_fw-la &_o subsedit_fw-la funditus_fw-la ut_fw-la faex_fw-la so_o the_o scholiast_n of_o apollonius_n rhodius_n in_o l._n 1._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n zeno_n affirm_v the_o chaos_n whereof_o all_o thing_n according_a to_o hesiod_n be_v make_v be_v
water_n which_o settle_v become_v slime_n the_o slime_n condense_v into_o solid_a earth_n earth_n earth_n virgil_n eclog._n 6._o tum_o durare_fw-la solum_fw-la atque_fw-la excludere_fw-la nerea_fw-la ponto_n coeperit_fw-la our_o author_n perhaps_o in_o this_o place_n hint_n at_o anaximander_n who_o say_v of_o the_o sea_n that_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o remainder_n of_o primitive_a moisture_n after_o this_o exclusion_n and_o separation_n plutarch_n l._n 1._o c._n 4._o de_fw-la placit_fw-la philosoph_n thus_o express_v the_o sense_n of_o our_o author_n of_o those_o body_n which_o settle_v below_o be_v make_v the_o earth_n and_o that_o part_v thereof_o which_o be_v mâ—…re_o subtle_a and_o of_o a_o thin_a form_n and_o consistence_n gather_v round_o together_o and_o engender_v the_o element_n of_o water_n which_o be_v of_o a_o liquid_a and_o flâ—…wing_a nature_n run_v downward_o to_o hollow_a placeâ—…_n lie_v low_a which_o be_v able_a to_o receive_v and_o hold_v it_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o world_n world_n to_o this_o purpose_n cicero_n l._n 2._o de_fw-fr naturá_fw-fr deorum_fw-la si_fw-mi mundus_fw-la globâ—…sus_fw-la est_fw-la omnesque_fw-la ejus_fw-la part_n undique_fw-la aequabiles_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o the_o world_n be_v round_o and_o of_o a_o globose_fw-la figure_n and_o all_o its_o part_n contain_v in_o like_a proportion_n by_o and_o among_o themselves_o it_o must_v happen_v to_o the_o earth_n by_o necessary_a conseâ—…uence_n see_v all_o its_o part_n press_v and_o tend_v to_o the_o middle_n now_o the_o middle_n in_o a_o sphere_n be_v that_o which_o be_v low_a that_o nothing_o can_v pâ—…ssibly_o interpose_v which_o may_v be_v able_a to_o weaken_v or_o hinder_v so_o great_a a_o convention_n of_o gravity_n gravity_n homer_n and_o oâ—…id_n make_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v draw_v in_o a_o chariot_n by_o two_o horse_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v say_v to_o be_v white_a the_o other_o black_a in_o regard_n as_o bassus_n in_o germanicum_n give_v the_o reason_n she_o be_v sometime_o apparent_a by_o day_n as_o well_o as_o by_o night_n other_o will_v have_v she_o to_o be_v draw_v by_o ox_n and_o therefore_o by_o nâ—…nus_n in_o dionys._n l._n 12._o she_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d boum_fw-la agitatrix_fw-la luna_fw-la of_o both_o which_o we_o have_v express_v representation_n in_o the_o roman_a coin_n and_o particular_o in_o those_o of_o the_o empress_n julia_n domna_n touch_v which_o see_v tristan_n in_o his_o historic_n commentar_n tom._n 2._o p._n 129_o 130._o she_o be_v say_v likewise_o to_o be_v draw_v by_o mule_n in_o regard_n as_o festus_n in_o uâ—…ce_n mulus_n observe_v that_o as_o mule_n be_v not_o generate_v ex_fw-la svo_fw-la genere_fw-la sed_fw-la equi_fw-la so_o the_o moon_n be_v say_v to_o shine_v not_o by_o she_o own_o but_o as_o catullus_n express_v it_o notho_n lumine_fw-la which_o she_o derive_v from_o the_o sun_n claudian_n l._n 3._o de_fw-la laudibus_fw-la stiliconis_n make_v she_o to_o be_v draw_v by_o stag_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o swiftness_n of_o her_o motion_n &_o c._n and_o so_o we_o have_v she_o likewise_o represent_v in_o divers_a consular_fw-la and_o imperial_a coin_n in_o ursinus_n golzius_n and_o gorlaeus_n gorlaeus_n the_o star_n or_o planet_n venus_n call_v likewise_o lucifer_n as_o cicero_n in_o 2._o de_fw-la naturâ_fw-la deorum_fw-la and_o pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 8._o when_o it_o precede_v the_o rise_a sun_n as_o be_v the_o harbinger_n of_o light_n and_o not_o as_o julius_n scaliger_n exercit._n 75._o conceive_v for_o be_v the_o bright_a of_o all_o the_o star_n and_o from_o its_o splendour_n so_o name_v it_o be_v likewise_o call_v hesperus_n vesper_n &_o vesperugo_n when_o it_o rise_v in_o the_o evening_n and_o usher_v the_o night_n of_o this_o thus_o seneca_n in_o hypolit_fw-la qualis_fw-la est_fw-la primus_fw-la râ—…ferens_fw-la tenebras_fw-la nuncius_fw-la noctis_fw-la modo_fw-la lotus_fw-la undis_fw-la hesperus_n pulsis_fw-la iterum_fw-la tenebris_fw-la lucifer_n idem_fw-la such_o the_o bright_a usher_n of_o dark_a night_n rise_v from_o sea_n with_o new-bathed_a light_n hesper_n the_o same_o night_n chase_v away_o phosphor_n the_o herald_n of_o the_o day_n we_o shall_v only_o add_v as_o a_o further_a illustration_n to_o this_o and_o the_o forego_n note_v what_o cassiodorus_n have_v l._n variarum_fw-la 3._o in_o explanation_n of_o the_o circensian_a game_n big_a a_o quasâ—…_n lunae_fw-la quadriga_fw-la solis_fw-la imitatione_n reperâ—…a_fw-la est_fw-la equi_fw-la desultorii_fw-la per_fw-la quos_fw-la circensium_fw-la ministri_fw-la missâ—…s_fw-la denuntianâ—…_n exituâ—…os_n luciferi_fw-la praecursoriâ—…s_fw-la velocitâ—…tes_fw-la imitantur_fw-la imitantur_fw-la he_o point_v at_o the_o ridiculous_a opinion_n of_o xenophanes_n the_o colopâ—…onian_a who_o hold_v that_o the_o moon_n and_o star_n be_v certain_a cloud_n set_v on_o fire_n extinguish_v every_o day_n and_o rekindled_n at_o night_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o sun_n extinguish_v every_o night_n and_o rekindled_n every_o morning_n or_o to_o express_v it_o in_o minucius_n foelix_fw-la his_o word_n congregatis_fw-la ignium_fw-la seminibus_fw-la sole_n alios_fw-la atque_fw-la alios_fw-la semper_fw-la splendere_fw-la for_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n according_a to_o this_o tenet_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o their_o kindle_v and_o extinguish_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n like_o wise_a be_v heraclitus_n whence_o the_o proverb_n in_o plato_n heracliteo_fw-la sole_fw-la ci_fw-fr ius_fw-la extingui_fw-la from_o they_o epicurus_n receive_v by_o succession_n haereditatem_fw-la â—…tultitiae_fw-la as_o lactantius_n term_v it_o this_o inheritance_n of_o folly_n which_o he_o leave_v improve_v by_o himself_o and_o lucretius_n who_o thus_o assert_n it_o l._n 5._o conveniuâ—…_n ignes_fw-la &_o semina_fw-la multa_fw-la câ—…fluere_fw-la ardoris_fw-la consuerunt_fw-la tempore_fw-la certo_fw-la quae_fw-la faciunt_fw-la solis_fw-la nâ—…_n semper_fw-la lumina_fw-la gigni_fw-la quod_fw-la genus_fw-la idaeis_n famâ—…_n est_fw-la è_fw-la montibus_fw-la alâ—…is_fw-la dispersos_fw-la ignes_fw-la oriâ—…i_fw-la lumine_fw-la cerni_fw-la ind_n câ—…ire_fw-la globum_fw-la quasi_fw-la in_o uâ—…um_fw-la &_o conficere_fw-la orbem_fw-la by_o which_o instance_n of_o lucretius_n iâ—…_n may_v appear_v that_o epicurus_n do_v not_o hold_v so_o much_o the_o quotidian_n creation_n of_o a_o new_a sun_n as_o the_o daily_a renovation_n of_o the_o old_a to_o which_o horace_n in_o carmine_fw-la saecular_a seem_v to_o allude_v alme_n sol_fw-mi currâ—…_n nitidâ—…_n diâ—…m_fw-la qui_fw-la promis_fw-fr &_o celas_fw-la aliusque_fw-la et_fw-la idem_fw-la nasceris_fw-la and_o to_o this_o purpose_n i_o find_v his_o opinion_n express_v by_o gassendus_fw-la see_v the_o ocean_n compass_n the_o earth_n the_o sun_n may_v be_v extinguish_v by_o it_o in_o the_o west_n and_o return_v all_o along_o it_o by_o the_o north_n into_o the_o east_n and_o thence_o rise_v rekindled_n which_o yet_o little_o mend_v the_o matter_n matter_n to_o this_o may_v be_v apply_v that_o of_o plato_n in_o timaeo_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n thus_o interpret_v by_o cicero_n in_o his_o fragment_n of_o timaeus_n seu_fw-la de_fw-fr universe_n nec_fw-la maenus_fw-la ei_fw-la deus_fw-la affixit_fw-la quia_fw-la nec_fw-la capiendum_fw-la quicquam_fw-la erat_fw-la nec_fw-la repellendum_fw-la necpede_v nec_fw-la alia_fw-la membra_fw-la quibus_fw-la ingressu_fw-la corpus_fw-la sustineret_fw-la etc._n etc._n i._n e._n god_n affix_v to_o the_o world_n no_o hand_n because_o it_o be_v neither_o to_o take_v nor_o repel_v any_o thing_n nor_o foot_n nor_o other_o member_n whereby_o it_o may_v sustain_v its_o body_n by_o walk_v or_o go_v but_o give_v it_o a_o motion_n which_o be_v most_o suitable_a to_o its_o figure_n wherefore_o by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o conversion_n it_o be_v whirl_v and_o turn_v about_o itself_o itself_o aristotle_n anaximander_n and_o their_o follower_n at_o this_o day_n hold_v the_o heaven_n to_o be_v solid_a and_o the_o star_n fix_v therein_o as_o nail_n in_o a_o wheel_n or_o jewel_n in_o a_o ring_n the_o contrary_a to_o which_o opinion_n be_v here_o assert_v by_o our_o author_n with_o who_o concur_v among_o the_o ancient_n homer_n virgil_n cicero_n lucretius_n seneca_n ptolemy_n pliny_n metrodorus_n and_o other_o and_o of_o the_o modern_n the_o most_o eminent_a astronomer_n from_o tycho_n to_o this_o present_a who_o all_o maintain_v the_o heaven_n to_o be_v fluid_a and_o the_o star_n to_o move_v therein_o as_o fish_n in_o the_o water_n or_o bird_n in_o the_o air._n between_o these_o there_o be_v a_o middle_a opinion_n which_o maintain_v the_o heaven_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n to_o be_v solid_a but_o that_o of_o the_o planet_n to_o be_v fluid_a the_o first_o author_n of_o which_o distinction_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v empedocles_n of_o which_o see_v plutarch_n l._n 2._o de_fw-la placit_fw-la philosoph_n c._n 13._o and_o upon_o the_o whole_a subject_a matter_n ricciolus_n in_o almage_a nou._n l._n 9_o c._n 7._o 7._o this_o libration_n or_o suspension_n of_o the_o earth_n achilles_n tatius_n in_o arat._n phaenomen_fw-la thus_o illustrate_v if_o any_o one_o shall_v put_v a_o millet-seed_n or_o other_o small_a
grain_n into_o a_o bladder_n and_o by_o blow_v into_o it_o fill_v it_o with_o air_n the_o seed_n or_o grain_n will_v be_v carry_v up_o and_o remain_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bladder_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o earth_n be_v on_o all_o side_n force_v by_o the_o air_n suspend_v poise_v in_o she_o midst_v thereof_o to_o which_o aristophanes_n in_o nubes_fw-la allude_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d great_a lord_n and_o king_n thou_o immense_a air_n which_o do_v the_o earth_n suspend_v bear_v see_v turnebus_n l._n adversar_n 4._o c._n 17_o explain_v these_o verse_n of_o ovid_n l._n 1._o metam_fw-la et_fw-la circumfuso_fw-la pendebat_fw-la in_o aere_fw-la tellus_fw-la ponderibus_fw-la librata_fw-la suis_fw-la the_o earth_n of_o a_o spherical_a form_n form_n he_o allude_v perhaps_o to_o the_o opinion_n of_o leucippus_n 〈◊〉_d which_o see_v more_o particular_o express_v in_o hesych_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o voce_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o be_v a_o note_a star_n of_o the_o first_o magnitude_n in_o the_o southern_a rudder_n of_o the_o ship_n argo_n so_o call_v from_o canopus_n pilot_n to_o osiris_n according_a to_o the_o egyptian_n or_o to_o menelaus_n according_a to_o the_o greek_n who_o land_v in_o egypt_n be_v by_o the_o bite_n of_o a_o serpent_n slay_v and_o bury_v near_o one_o of_o the_o outlet_n of_o nilus_n from_o he_o call_v ostium_n canopicum_fw-la the_o place_n of_o his_o burial_n receive_v likewise_o his_o name_n and_o grow_v to_o a_o city_n in_o which_o he_o have_v his_o temple_n be_v honour_v with_o divine_a rite_n and_o worship_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o pitcher_n or_o watering-pot_n with_o a_o large_a round_a belly_n as_o the_o deity_n preside_v over_o nilus_n and_o the_o watery_a element_n of_o who_o contest_v with_o the_o god_n of_o the_o chaldean_n fire_n and_o victory_n thereupon_o see_v the_o story_n in_o suidas_n in_o verb._n canop_n and_o from_o he_o in_o kircher_n in_o oedip._n egypt_n tom._n 1._o p._n 209._o 209._o to_o this_o purpose_n vitruvius_n l._n 9_o c_o 7._o uâ—…i_fw-la septentriones_fw-la circum_fw-la axis_n cardinem_fw-la versantes_fw-la non_fw-la occidunt_fw-la neque_fw-la sub_fw-la terrâ_fw-la subeunt_fw-la sic_fw-la &_o circa_fw-la meridianum_fw-la cardinem_fw-la qui_fw-la est_fw-la propter_fw-la inclinationem_fw-la mundi_fw-la subjectus_fw-la terrae_fw-la sydera_fw-la versabunda_fw-la laâ—…entiaque_fw-la non_fw-la habent_fw-la egressus_fw-la orientes_fw-la etc._n etc._n i._n e._n as_o the_o seven_o star_n or_o the_o bear_n turn_v about_o the_o northern_a axis_n of_o the_o world_n never_o set_v so_o the_o star_n near_o the_o southern_a pole_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o world_n inclination_n be_v depress_v under_o the_o earth_n make_v occult_a and_o hide_a revolution_n never_o rise_v nor_o can_v be_v observe_v or_o know_v by_o we_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o earth_n interposition_n of_o which_o the_o star_n canopus_n be_v proof_n which_o in_o these_o region_n be_v unknown_a as_o those_o merchant_n which_o travail_n to_o the_o uttermost_a part_n of_o egypt_n inform_v we_o we_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n pliny_n septentriones_fw-la non_fw-la cernit_fw-la trogloditice_fw-la &_o confinis_fw-la aegyptus_n nec_fw-la canopum_fw-la italia_n i_o e._n the_o land_n of_o the_o troglodyte_n and_o its_o neighbour_a egypt_n see_v not_o helice_n nor_o italy_n canopus_n scaliger_n yet_o condemn_v both_o pliny_n and_o our_o author_n as_o mistake_v in_o the_o first_o particular_a for_o at_o alexandria_n the_o sun_n be_v about_o five_o degree_n of_o pisces_fw-la under_o the_o horizon_n both_o helice_n and_o canopus_n be_v in_o the_o evening_n see_v to_o rise_v in_o the_o east_n and_o be_v so_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o time_n of_o manilius_n the_o sun_n set_v in_o the_o twenty_o three_o degree_n of_o aquarius_n what_o be_v say_v of_o canopus_n as_o not_o appear_v in_o italy_n be_v true_a true_a gassendus_fw-la in_o append._n animadvers_fw-la in_o epicur_fw-fr nothing_o upon_o this_o place_n thus_o advise_v cautè_fw-la esse_fw-la interpretandum_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la haâ—…c_fw-la rem_fw-la manilius_n habet_fw-la for_o those_o word_n pariter_fw-la prius_fw-la &_o post_n say_v he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v as_o to_o divers_a moment_n of_o time_n for_o the_o moon_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o instant_n be_v behold_v to_o be_v eclipse_v by_o all_o those_o to_o who_o she_o appear_v above_o the_o horizon_n but_o to_o be_v mean_v of_o the_o diversity_n of_o hour_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o several_a meridian_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o happen_v that_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n of_o time_n that_o the_o moon_n be_v see_v to_o be_v eclipse_v above_o our_o horizon_n they_o eastward_o of_o we_o may_v reckon_v the_o eclipse_n at_o one_o two_o or_o three_o in_o the_o morning_n they_o westward_o at_o nine_o ten_o or_o eleven_o at_o night_n after_o the_o precede_a noon_n vide_fw-la etiam_fw-la baltoreum_fw-la in_o l._n 1._o cleomedis_n meteor_n meteor_n so_o ovid_n l._n 4._o metamorph_n resonant_a aera_fw-la auxiliaria_fw-la lunae_fw-la and_o statius_n l._n 6._o theb._n procul_fw-la auxiliaria_fw-la gentes_fw-la aera_fw-la crepant_fw-la that_o custom_n spring_v from_o the_o foolish_a belief_n of_o the_o ancient_n that_o the_o moon_n at_o the_o time_n of_o her_o eclipse_n be_v endeavour_v by_o the_o charm_n of_o witch_n to_o be_v draw_v from_o her_o sphere_n and_o therefore_o they_o make_v that_o noise_n that_o she_o may_v not_o hear_v their_o incantation_n practise_v by_o the_o ignorant_a people_n even_o in_o st._n ambrose_n his_o time_n as_o we_o find_v by_o his_o reprehension_n of_o that_o piece_n of_o paganism_n cite_v by_o turnebus_n in_o adversar_n and_o what_o be_v more_o affirm_v by_o bâ—…nincontrius_n who_o first_o within_o less_o than_o two_o century_n of_o year_n comment_v upon_o our_o author_n to_o have_v by_o himself_o be_v see_v act_v upon_o the_o like_a occasion_n by_o his_o own_o countryman_n the_o italian_n the_o turk_n continue_v it_o to_o this_o day_n as_o scaliger_n affirm_v plutarch_n in_o aemilio_a report_n that_o the_o roman_n beside_o their_o beat_n of_o brazen_a vessel_n and_o sound_v of_o trumpet_n use_v to_o reach_v up_o flame_a link_n and_o torch_n towards_o heaven_n to_o re-supp_o the_o light_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o they_o believe_v by_o charm_n to_o be_v extinguish_v delrius_n in_o senec_n tragoed_n say_v he_o have_v read_v that_o the_o indian_n use_v with_o tear_n and_o lamentation_n to_o prosecute_v this_o defect_n or_o deliquium_fw-la of_o the_o moon_n as_o believe_v she_o be_v then_o by_o the_o sun_n whip_v till_o she_o bleed_v to_o which_o they_o attribute_v her_o dark_a and_o sanguine_a colour_n vide_fw-la delrium_fw-la in_o commentar_n ad_fw-la hippolyt_v p._n 195._o see_v likewise_o turnebus_n in_o adversar_n l._n 22._o c._n 23_o &_o 24._o and_o pincierus_n in_o parerg._n otii_fw-la marpurg_n l._n 2._o c._n 37._o 37._o whether_o bird_n which_o be_v general_o call_v genus_fw-la aereum_fw-la and_o by_o the_o sacred_a text_n itself_o volatilia_fw-la coeli_fw-la may_v be_v proper_o reckon_v among_o terrestrial_a animal_n be_v by_o some_o question_v ovid_n metam_fw-la l._n 1._o seem_v not_o to_o allow_v thereof_o in_o his_o distribution_n of_o animal_n astra_fw-la tenent_fw-la coeleste_fw-la solum_fw-la formaeque_fw-la deorum_fw-la cesserunt_fw-la nitidis_fw-la habitandae_fw-la piscibus_fw-la undae_fw-la terra_fw-la feras_fw-la cepit_fw-la volâ—…cres_fw-la agitabilis_fw-la aer_fw-la the_o like_a division_n be_v make_v by_o cicero_n l._n 2._o de_fw-fr nat._n deor._n and_o in_o timaeo_n and_o by_o aristotle_n as_o he_o be_v cite_v by_o plutarch_n in_o 5._o de_fw-la placit_fw-la philos._n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o belief_n of_o the_o ancient_a greek_n derive_v to_o they_o from_o the_o egyptian_n that_o bird_n be_v produce_v before_o ever_o the_o earth_n be_v form_v whereunto_o aristophanes_n in_o avibus_fw-la allude_v but_o apuleius_n side_n with_o our_o author_n and_o end_v the_o controversy_n in_o these_o word_n si_fw-la sedulo_fw-la animadvertas_fw-la ipsae_fw-la quoque_fw-la ave_n terrestre_fw-fr animal_n non_fw-fr aereum_fw-la rectiùs_fw-la perhibeantur_fw-la semper_fw-la enim_fw-la illis_fw-la victus_fw-la omnis_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la ibidem_fw-la pabulum_fw-la ibidem_fw-la cubile_fw-la tantúmque_fw-la aera_fw-la proximum_fw-la terrae_fw-la volando_fw-la verberant_fw-la iterum_fw-la cum_fw-la illis_fw-la fessa_fw-la sunt_fw-la remigia_fw-la alarm_fw-la terra_fw-la seu_fw-la portus_n est_fw-la i_o e._n if_o you_o serious_o consider_v bird_n may_v be_v more_o true_o reckon_v a_o terrestrial_a animal_n than_o aereal_a for_o all_o their_o live_n be_v upon_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v their_o food_n there_o their_o nest_n they_o only_o in_o their_o flight_n beat_v the_o air_n but_o when_o their_o oar_n and_o sail_n their_o wing_n begin_v to_o fail_v they_o the_o earth_n be_v their_o harbour_n but_o as_o to_o this_o question_n not_o much_o unlike_a that_o which_o trouble_v the_o head_n of_o aristotle_n theophrastus_n and_o most_o of_o the_o ancient_a peripatetic_n as_o censorinus_n de_fw-fr die_v natal_n c._n 14._o deliver_v
as_o every_o other_o circle_n great_a or_o lesser_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o facile_a division_n of_o this_o number_n into_o a_o moiety_n a_o three_o four_o five_o six_o or_o eight_o its_o six_o part_n be_v sixty_o which_o admit_v of_o many_o more_o division_n without_o any_o fraction_n ii_o the_o equinoctial_a when_o the_o sun_n be_v therein_o posit_v make_v the_o day_n and_o night_n even_o and_o divide_v the_o sphere_n into_o the_o northern_a and_o southern_a hemisphere_n who_o pole_n be_v the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n fifteen_o degree_n of_o this_o circle_n hourly_o rise_v on_o one_o part_n and_o as_o many_o on_o the_o other_o hourly_o set_v so_o that_o one_o degree_n thereof_o rise_v every_o four_o minute_n of_o a_o hour_n wherefore_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n iii_o this_o circle_n show_v the_o equinoctial_a point_n which_o happen_v twice_o in_o a_o year_n at_o the_o sun_n entrance_n into_o aries_n and_o libra_n it_o divide_v the_o zodiac_n into_o two_o moiety_n the_o southern_a and_o the_o northern_a and_o thence_o the_o sign_n be_v distinguish_v into_o southern_a and_o northern_a it_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o time_n and_o shows_z what_o declination_n the_o star_n or_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a have_v either_o northern_a or_o southern_a moreover_o in_o this_o circle_n be_v observe_v the_o ascension_n and_o descension_n of_o the_o zodiacal_a sign_n iv._o a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o the_o meridian_n line_n represent_v the_o equator_fw-la and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a which_o yet_o may_v be_v describe_v without_o the_o meridian_n line_n if_o a_o right_a line_n be_v draw_v from_o a_o style_n or_o gnomon_n by_o the_o point_n of_o the_o shadow_n extremity_n on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o vernal_a or_o autumnal_a equinox_n for_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v give_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o equinox_n be_v likewise_o give_v as_o be_v the_o compliment_n of_o the_o quadrant_n of_o a_o circle_n as_o for_o example_n the_o altitude_n of_o the_o pole_n at_o london_n be_v 51°_n 32′_n therefore_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o consequent_o of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n or_o libra_n be_v 38°_n 28′_n and_o contrary_a wise_a the_o altitude_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v give_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v likewise_o give_v moreover_o the_o state_n of_o the_o whole_a heaven_n and_o earth_n from_o the_o give_v elevation_n of_o any_o one_o of_o these_o circle_n may_v be_v know_v provide_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o place_n be_v know_v v._o the_o equator_fw-la in_o a_o right_a sphere_n pass_v by_o the_o zenith_n or_o pole_n of_o the_o horizon_n in_o a_o parallel_n sphere_n sphere_n it_o be_v coincident_a with_o the_o horizon_n and_o be_v the_o horizon_n itself_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n it_o make_v acute_a angle_n with_o the_o horizon_n and_o in_o a_o right_a sphere_n it_o make_v rectangle_v in_o which_o position_n of_o the_o sphere_n all_o the_o point_n of_o the_o heaven_n daily_o rise_v and_o set_v except_v the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n wherefore_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o a_o right_a sphere_n there_o be_v perpetual_a equinox_n a_o double_a summer_n and_o double_a winter_n and_o different_a meridian_n shadow_n to_o wit_n sometime_o northern_a sometime_o southern_a hence_o they_o be_v call_v amphiscii_n or_o amphiumbrae_fw-la which_o happen_v likewise_o to_o those_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n who_o vertex_fw-la be_v between_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o one_o of_o the_o tropic_n vi_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n who_o vertex_fw-la be_v in_o one_o of_o the_o tropic_n the_o equator_fw-la be_v raise_v 66°_n and_o â—…_n and_o consequent_o the_o pole_n 23°_n and_o ½_o and_o the_o polar_a circle_n constitute_v the_o great_a circle_n of_o the_o alwayes-apparent_a and_o the_o alwayes-latent_a the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o sphere_n have_v one_o summer_n and_o one_o winter_n and_o one_o and_o the_o same_o meridian_n shadow_n that_o be_v to_o say_v always_o to_o the_o north_n under_o the_o northern_a always_o to_o the_o south_n under_o the_o southern_a tropic_n thence_o call_v heteroscii_n or_o alteriumbrae_fw-la these_o three_o sphere_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o right_a and_o the_o two_o last_o oblique_a be_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n which_o be_v terminate_v by_o either_o tropic_a and_o which_o the_o equator_fw-la cut_v in_o the_o middle_n as_o the_o ecliptic_a do_v the_o zodiac_n vii_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n who_o vertex_fw-la be_v in_o the_o midst_n between_o the_o tropic_a and_o the_o polar_a circle_n the_o equator_fw-la and_o the_o pole_n have_v both_o equal_a elevation_n of_o 45°_n hence_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o summer_n be_v as_o great_a as_o be_v the_o cold_a of_o the_o winter_n the_o high_a the_o equator_fw-la be_v the_o great_a be_v the_o heat_n and_o the_o cold_a more_o intense_a by_z how_o much_o the_o pole_n be_v more_o elevate_v but_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n who_o vertex_fw-la be_v in_o the_o polar_a circle_n the_o equator_fw-la be_v elevate_v 23°_n and_o ½_o and_o the_o pole_n 66°_n and_o ½_o and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o great_a day_n there_o be_v 24_o hour_n by_o which_o the_o temperate_a zone_n be_v terminate_v towards_o the_o pole_n as_o it_o be_v towards_o the_o equator_fw-la by_o the_o tropic_a viii_o the_o frigid_a zone_n begin_v from_o the_o polar_a circle_n in_o which_o the_o great_a night_n and_o day_n be_v make_v so_o much_o great_a by_o how_o much_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o several_a habitation_n therein_o approach_v near_o to_o the_o pole_n until_o such_o time_n as_o it_o become_v a_o parallel-sphere_n in_o which_o they_o in_o the_o northern_a part_n have_v this_o privilege_n that_o their_o long_a day_n be_v seven_o day_n and_o more_o long_o than_o the_o great_a day_n which_o they_o in_o the_o south_n enjoy_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v long_a stay_n in_o the_o septentrional_a sign_n wherein_o he_o move_v more_o slow_o to_o the_o place_n of_o his_o apogaeum_n in_o cancer_n to_o which_o if_o we_o add_v the_o twilight_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o sun_n eighteen_o degree_n depress_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n as_o also_o the_o refraction_n the_o artificial_a day_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o such_o a_o parallel-sphere_n will_v be_v nine_o month_n and_o twelve_o day_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o in_o the_o south_n have_v their_o night_n seven_o day_n long_o than_o they_o in_o the_o north._n these_o be_v call_v periscii_n or_o circumumbrae_fw-la ix_o the_o zodiac_n cut_v the_o equator_fw-la in_o two_o opposite_a point_n at_o 〈◊〉_d angle_n who_o latitude_n extend_v zodiac_n to_o near_a 20°_n through_o the_o midst_n whereof_o run_v the_o ecliptic_a so_o call_v because_o the_o two_o great_a luminary_n the_o sun_n and_o moon_n when_o in_o conjunction_n diametrical_o oppose_v to_o one_o another_o direct_o under_o the_o say_a line_n be_v then_o eclipse_v x._o the_o ecliptic_a indivisible_a as_o to_o latitude_n oblique_o intersect_v the_o aequator_fw-la in_o two_o point_n which_o ecliptic_a two_o point_n of_o intersection_n be_v call_v the_o equinoctial_a point_n of_o which_o that_o in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o aries_n which_o give_v beginning_n to_o the_o northern_a semicircle_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v call_v the_o vernal_a the_o other_o in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o libra_n whence_o the_o southern_a semicircle_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a begin_v be_v call_v the_o autumnal_a equinoctial_a point_n the_o two_o point_n of_o its_o great_a declination_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la be_v call_v the_o solstitial_a point_n whereof_o the_o northern_a in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cancer_n be_v call_v the_o summer_n solstice_n the_o southern_a in_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o capricorn_n be_v call_v the_o winter_n solstice_n in_o regard_n of_o which_o the_o sign_n in_o the_o zodiac_n be_v say_v to_o be_v descendant_n from_o cancer_n to_o capricorn_n and_o ascendant_n from_o capricorn_n to_o cancer_n because_o the_o sun_n ascend_v in_o these_o and_o descends_z in_o those_o sign_n xi_o the_o twelve_o natural_a sign_n into_o which_o the_o zodiac_n be_v divide_v begin_v from_o the_o common_a section_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o equinoctial_a colour_n and_o the_o ecliptic_a proceed_v eastward_o the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v aries_n the_o second_o taurus_n etc._n etc._n which_o order_n they_o call_v the_o succession_n or_o sequence_n of_o the_o sign_n as_o the_o contrary_a order_n the_o precedence_n of_o the_o sign_n the_o zodiac_n and_o the_o ecliptic_a measure_n the_o secondary_a motion_n of_o the_o planet_n as_o the_o equator_fw-la do_v the_o first_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o star_n be_v number_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a from_o the_o begin_n of_o aries_n according_a to_o the_o sequence_n of_o the_o sign_n unto_o a_o great_a circle_n pass_v by_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o