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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A15859	Speculum Christianum or, A Christian suruey for the conscience Containing, three tractates of that eminent, graue, and learned diuine, maister Hierome Zanchius. 1. Of the end of the world. 2. Of the perseuerance of the saints. 3. A summarie abridgement of his protections. Englished for the good of Gods church, and for a warning to wicked and impenitent men. By H.N.; Speculum Christianum. English	Zanchi, Girolamo, 1516-1590.; Nelson, Henry, fl. 1614.	1614 (1614)	STC 26121A.7; ESTC S111786	125,039	404

the things that are of God and to refute their reasons it is not worth the labour for wee haue nothing to doe with those Philosophers Others who deny that this world shall once haue an end are certaine Atheists and mockers of things diuine of whom Peter This know first 2. Pet. 3. v. 3. that in the last dayes shall come mo●kers which will walke after their owne lusts and say where is the promise of h●● comming For since the Fathers dy●d all things continue alike from the beginning of the Creation But th●se mens blindnes or madnes rather is refelled by the euident certaintie of the word of God S. Augustine t●m 2. ep 42. ad fratres Mandarenses doth thus dispute Al other things which the Holy Spirit in th● Scriptures by praediction foretold came to passe accordingly as the first comming of Christ the destruction of Hierusalem And the same Spirit in like manner hath foretold of the future end of this world of Christs second comming Therfore certainely it shall come to passe The argument indeed of these mockers doth Peter thus con●ute ver 5. For this they willingly know not that 2. Pet. 3. the heauens were of old and the earth that was of the water and by the wa●●● by the word of God ver 6. Wherefore the world that then was perished ●uerflowed with the water ver 7. But the heau●ns and earth which are 〈◊〉 a●● kept by●he same word in store and reserued vnto ●ire against the day of condemnation and of the destruction of vngodly ●en Thus much Peter The meaning of which words I wil make plaine because those mocking spirits doe endeuour from the continuing state of the world to proue the perpetuitie thereof and doe deride the word of God Peter doth ouerthrowe their argumentation by this reason The world as by the word of God it was of the waters and by the waters so also by the same word of God when indeede it seemed so good vnto the Lord being drowned with the same waters it perished and came to an end and after by the same word of God it was restored againe This Historie was most apparent and a thing most famous and of most certaintie vnto the whole World Therfore by the same Word of God as in the first turne by water so secondarily by fire when it shall so please the Lord it may bee dissolued and haue an end The Lord foretold the future end of the world and that himselfe would come the second time therefore this World must haue an end and the Lord will come For now are reserued these Heauens and Earth vnto fire for the day of iudgement and perdition of the vngodly wherefore from the continuing state of the world the consequence holdeth not That the world is vncorruptible and shall neuer haue end For that also before the Flood it lasted long and yet afrer for all that perished and euen by such things as from whom it had it originall and was supported that is by the waters so by fire an other Element of the World the same world shall be destroyed The third sort who vouch the perpetuity of the world are some who are neither absolute Philosophers which are destitute of the sacred writings neither yet scoffers and contemners of celestiall things but both men fearing God and most expert of holy writ of which kind amongst others was Philo Iudaeus Hee left a boòke written with this Title 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ● Of the corruptible state of the world in which treatise he laboureth to make good by sundry arguments that the world is incorruptible But if Philo had in this sence vnderstood the world to bee incorruptible for that neither it should vtterly be dissolued into nothing nor yet changed into a worse estate we likewise would haue condiscended vnto him For we likewise acknowledge out of the word of God the renouation of the world and in the future a new Heauen and a new Earth And so certainely seemeth Philo to haue holden by his explanation whereby he declareth what he meant by the name of corruption For thus he holdeth in the entrance of his booke pag. 645. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. For corruption is called an exchange into a better state It is likewise called the totall extinguishing of a thing in being which then necessarily is termed a thing without existence For as of nothing nothing is made that is naturally so neither can nothing be dissolued into nothing Philo had read the Psalmes and Prophets who writ of this matter but if he followed any other ●e●s● the godly Christians doe not accord with him For the testimonies of Scripture are most cleare touching the end of the world Psal 102 In the beginning thou l●●ds● the foundation of the Earth and the Heauens are the worke of thy handes they shall peris● but thou endur●st they 〈◊〉 shall wax● old as doth a garment and as a v●stimen thou shalt charge th●● and they shall be changed but thou art the same and thy yeares shall not faile Mat. 5. Til Heauen and Earth shall passe away one iot or title shall not p●rish of thy la● 2. Pet. 3. That day of the Lord shal come as a thi●fe in the night wherein the Heauens shall passe away with a noyse the Elements shal melt away with fire and the Earth and all thinges therein shal be burned Againe the Heauens by burning shal be dissolued and the Elements shal melt away with heat but we looke for new Heauens and a new Earth according to his promise Thus Saint Peter Therefore this first Capitall poynt is to be vouched That this world as in case now it is shall finally come to an end that is be changed into a better condition and God only to be vtterly voyd of all variablenes or change To what purpose then tendeth this doctrine S ● Peter teacheth 2. Eph. 3. Seeing saith hee all these things shal be dissolued what manner of men ought we to be in holy conuersation and duty of piety expecting and ha●ting vnto the comming of the day of the Lord. The Argument is this in effect The Heauen and Earth shall bee renewed at the comming of Christ How much more therefore ought we to be renewed who presse on to meet Christ at his comming Therefore we are to endeauour for a perpetuall renouation and to adhere in heart to God onely who alone is vtterly vnchangeable as for other thinges they ought to be had in contempt because they all shal bee changed and shall all finally haue an end For this purpose out Apostle made mention first of the vanity of this world then he added Now are the last times that is where in is instant the comming of the Lord Christ And why these things that contemning the world and then auoyding those Antichrists we being fortified in the Apostles doctrine might watch and liue sobe●●y and iustly alwayes prepared to go meet Christ at his comming The second Capitall

Daniel 2. 7. The case thus standeth The foure Monarchies are described so that one doth succeed another The first is the Monarchy of the Chal●eans and Assyrians the second of the Persians the third of the Graecians the fourth of the Romans Those foure Monarchies beeing ruinated that is three of them vtterly desolate and the fourth as into seuerall parts diuided into seuerall Kingdomes Dan. cap. 7. prophecieth That a little hor●e shall arise amongst those ten other former hornes that is one Kingdome more potent and strong then the rest which shall vtter great things c. And when that Kingdome signified by one horne shall come to a consummate power so that it will thinke it selfe to alter times and lawes then presently shall bee the iudgement and Christ to raigne for euer And this horne which shall arise out of the Roman Empire they interpret to be the Turks Kingdome Thus therefore they gather Three Monarchies are vtterly extirpate the fourth Monarchie also is extinct because it is diuided into diuers parts Now the horne that is the Turkish Empire began to break out about the time of Hera●lius ●or at that time Mahome● began to raigne And this Kingdom of Turkes is now welnigh growne to the greatest height he preuailleth against the Saints and in a maner he doth make account that he hath power to change lawes and times When this shal come to passe then shall come the Ancient of daies Therefore the time is but short vntill the second comming of Christ shall be My answere is this If they vnderstand that lesse time now remaineth then before that is most true If also that which is remaining they shall affirme to be very little in comparison of the eternitie of the Kingdome of Christ this like wise wee will assen● vnto as most certainely true But if they should vnderstand a little remainder of time to be behinde that is that there is yet behinde either a hundred two hundred or three hundred yeares c. I say that nothing can be concluded from these places of Daniel which are diuersly expounded by interpreters For that I may follow the vsuall interpretation first he describeth in the second chapter the foure Monarchies and concerning the Empire of the Romans he prophecieth fiue things first hee setteth out the power thereof That verily as iron it should surprise all other Kingdomes then the di●ision thereof that is to say it should be diuided in it self thirdly the crueltie and fiercenesse thereof that without regard of consanguinitie or alliance it should not respect the bands thereof by reason of crueltie fourthly the variable calamities and ruines that is that it should bee afflicted with sundry Massacres and specially intestine or homebred dissensions and warres Fiftly the continuance thereof that although being diuided into many parts as it were ●wo feete into ten fingers it should be broken in peeces in respect the ●eere w●re of clay yet because the plants thereof were of iron it should endure euen to the second comming of the King of Heauen But after that Daniel had thus disputed of the Romane Empire presently he adioineth a prophecle of the Kingdome of Christ I say That Christ should so dai●ely ruinate all those Kingdomes and he alone should raigne for all eternitie And he prophecieth of the double comming of Christ of 〈◊〉 which was in the flesh with the preaching of the Gospell and of that which shall be in glorie And of the first he saith And in the daies of those Kings the God of Heauen shall set vp a Kingdome which shall 〈◊〉 be demolished He doth not say After the daies of those Kings but in the daies of those Kings c. For the Kingdome of Christ was raised 〈◊〉 vp on the Earth when as yet the Romanes reigned and did gouerne the world and endured almost six hundred yeares the Romanes ●●a●ing rule euen vnto the times of 〈◊〉 us and doth still and shall continue euen to the end of the world Afterward hee saith of the second comming of Christ when hee shal deliuer vp the Kingdome to God his father all enemies being put vnder his feet finally whereas thou ●●dst see that the stone cut out of the mountaine without handes doth breake in peeces Iron Brasse Clay Siluer Gold the great God did intimate to the King what should follow after these thinges Thus the Prophet And thus readeth and expoundeth that most learned man Oecolampadius citing withall Saint Hippolitus who saith 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The stone which shall quell and crush the Image in peeces is Christ who filleth the Earth comming frō Heauen and bringing iudgement to the world But in this place is put downe no praescription of time from the first vntil the second comming of Christ wherefore out of this prophesie which is in the second Chapter of Daniell nothing can bee concluded concerning the end of the world whether it shall bee from that time within a hundred or two hundred or more yeares Although as others would haue it the more sincere explanation of that place would bee if it should bee vnderstood not so much of the vprising of the person of Christ as of his Kingdome and the progresse thereof throughout the whole world vnto the end therof and of the endlesse continuance of the same for so it is interpreted of Daniel himself in the same Chapter But by this tenor what can then be collected touching the definite time of the end of the world the Kingdome of Christ as it was propagated by the preaching of the Gospel throughout the whole earth so likewise withall did it ouerturne the Empire of Rome that is the fourth Monarchy with the Idolatries thereof as also now the Image of that Monarchy the Kingdome of Autichrist it doth and shall continue to ouerthrow to the end of the world vntill it be totally abolished For it is infallible that the end of the world shall not be before the whole Kingdome of Antichrist be abolished as the Apostle teacheth Thes 2. 2. But who is able to determine of the time when the Kingdome of Antichrist shall totally come to an end Hee that can effect the one may likewise performe the other Besides some there bee who would haue the prophesie of Daniel in no case to bee vnderstood of the second but onely of the first comming of Christ and so also that which in the 7. chapter and therefore this to haue beene the counsell or purpose of God to giue signification to Nabuchadnezar what Kingdomes should succeed and which should be the last of all that is the Kingdome of Christ and that to continue perpetually all others being ruinated But how long it should endure vpon the face of the Earth is not heere debated neither that God intended by Daniel to giue notice vnto vs thereof seeing it was not his pleasure no not by his sonne to reueale it According to this interpretatiō nothing can be dēuised more fondly then out of this praediction of

things and shall seduce all except a few of the Elect partly by his hypocrisie partly by his lying miracles 2. Thes 2. insomuch that as Iohn speaketh in the Apoc. 13. Reuelation he shall make the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to come downe from heauen in the fight of men partly also by his power and violence Therefore in this manner when the Sonne of Man shall come that is about his comming certes little faith shall bee found vpon the earth but when that principall Antichrist shall bee destroyed with the Spirit of Christs mouth and by the efficacie of the Word of God hee shall be discouered to all men who he is not Christ but Antichrist then happily the Iewes shall know their Messiah bee conuerted vnto him and be saued Therefore Antichrist raigning scarsely shall any faith bee found vpon the earth but being destroyed very much The other question is If so many signes shall go before the end of the world whereby shall be manifested to holy men that the Lord is not far off How then hast thou formerly concluded that it cannot be known to any when the Lord will come and when the end of the world shall be I answere These things are not repugnant For notwithstanding the signes shall giue notice to the godly that the Lord is not farre off yet from thence cannot be collected the certaine time wherein he will come Behold many signes which doe fore-run the comming of the Lord are long agoe accomplished yet how great licentiousnes and securitie how much corruption of religion and manners how many great heresies The Lord saith As in the daies of Noah c. Mat. 24. Luc 17. And the Apostle In the last daies men shall be louers of themselues But how great a Lethargy amongst men hath been so long since the Apostles time But who could either in the Apostles time or now can define how much time remaineth vntil the Lords comming Further the Apostle saith The Spirit speaketh manifestly that in the last daies some shall depart from the faith but this Oracle was it not become to bee fulfilled in the Apostles time And certainly those were the last times as Iohn doth beare witnes saying it is the last time Yet we see how long doe continue those last times likewise how lately the Kingdome of Antichrist was reuealed and what it is What for that it begun to be reueiled in Bernards daies In Psalme Qui habitat 6. Ser. pag. 413. At nùnc quidem c. But now indeed saith hee wee haue peace from Pagans peace from Heretiques but there is no peace from false children Thou hast multiplied the Nation O Lord Iesus but not magnified our ioy all are Christians and yet all seeke their owne not such things as are Iesus Christs likewise the duties of Ecclesiastical dignities are transformed into filthy gaine and the busines of darknes neither in them is sought the saluation of soules but the excesse of riches for this they are shauen they frequent Churches they celebrate Masses they sing Psalmes at this day most impudently there is contention for Bishopricks Archdeaconries Abbotships and other dignities the reuenues of Churches are wasted vpon the practise of super●●uities vanities it remaineth that the Man of sinne bee reueiled the sonne of perdition the Ghost that walketh on the day but euen at noone-day which is not onely transfigured into an Angell of light but also exalted aboue all that is called God or that is worshipped Thus Bernard Loe one of the principall signe● going before the end of the World that is to say the manifestation of the Kingdome of Antichrist yet who either could or can affirme when the Lord shall come Therefore by those tokens which runne 〈◊〉 long before although they notifie that the Lord indeed will come and that he is not farre off yet notwithstanding it cannot bee determined to what length of yeares this extendeth that he is not farre off So 〈◊〉 those signes which fore-run by sou●● nearer distance it may be gathered that the end of the World is more neere approching then before and that the Lord will come quickly yet neither of what space this quilckly will be it cannot before be know●● In the Apocalyps likewise it is said cap. 3. Behold saith the Lord I come quickly and yet he is not come The conclusion is this that although many signes shall bee forerunners and praecedents to the day of the Lord and end of the World yet will it not thereupon bee any consequent That it can be knowne by any signes when the Lord will come Neither is that the vse of signs that by them wee may know the time and set day but there be other vses And in my iudgement there bee three vses of these signes and these seruing against three grieuous perils in this busines The first perill is Lest any should vtterly resolue that there should bee no end at all or returne of the Lord. Against this daunger the Lord in the Scriptures hath deliuered and commanded that we should so belieue that this world shall haue an end and that the Lord Christ will certainely come againe To this effect doe tend the tokens foretold from the Lord scilicet● That when we shall see them come to passe we may become more certaine that the Lord as he did prognosticate will certainely come The first vse then of the signes is that by them as by seales the promise touching the comming of Christ should be ratified and our faith therin confirmed Another perill is Though wee certainely beleeue that the end of the World shall bee and that the Lord shall come yet lest we should deny him as yet to bee farre off and to make delay For this imagination is the cogitation of the euill seruant and maketh a man secure in his sins Against this danger the Lord would haue vs alwaies to resolue that the day of the Lord is not farre absent To this effect tend these voices Phil. 4. The Lord is at hand also Mat. 24. of the euill seruant who imagineth that the Lord wil not come quickly he saith the Lord of that seruant will come in a day when he hopeth not and in anhoure when he knoweth not and will cut him off c. as though hee should say his Lord will sooner returne then that euill seruant expected Luc. 12. And be ye likewise prepared for the Sonne of Man wil come at an houre when yee thinke not For this purpose serue the signes foretold by the Lord. Verily for that whereas wee perceiue yea from the beginning and doe dayly see many of them accomplished already and to come to passe we should therfore thinke that the Lord is not farre off and so watch and pray Wherfore the Lord when he had fore-told the signes he consequently added the vse of the praediction thereof saying when yee shall see all these things Kn●w that he is nigh euen in the dores Therefore this is the second vse of these signes

Elect certaine which can neither be increased or diminished 38. The praedestination of Saints is totally free and the Saints are praedestinate to life to faith to all the giftes of God without any their merits either past or to come and without any a Ioh. 6. Que verbo p●rp●ndens Aug. contra 2. ●p Pelrg lib. 1 c. 19. Christum dicere traxerit no duxerit●cur n● vllam nostram praecedere crea ansus voluntatem aut meri●um Quis ènim ●rabi● siv● lebat et ●amèn nemo venit nist velit trahitur mi●is modis vt v●lit ab illo qui nouit intùs in hominum co●dibus operari ●òn vt homines v●lentes credant sed v● volent●s ex nolen●ibus siant Zanch ex Augustino good vse of free will finally without any cause in them besides the wil of God 39. Our saluation is more safe and certaine in the hand of God then in our handes 40 Such as are praedestinate vnto life aeternall to them also are praedestinate good works wherein they may walke therefore none of the Elect being of yeares from hence go to heauen without the study of good workes 41 Wherefore they do admit a fallacy of diuision who thus reason If I bee praedestinate to Saluation I shall also bee saued without good workes 42 But on the contrary the Sonnes of God do thus conclude I am praedestinate to life aeternall therefore I must walke in good workes for that to them who are praedestinate to life good workes are praedestinate wherein they must walke 43 Whosoeuer doth discerne in himselfe the effects of Predestination that is that he feeleth himself effectually called iustified endued with faith and care of good workes hee ought most certainely to perswade himselfe that hee is of the number of the Praedestinate 44 For there be two waies wherby the Elect are made certaine that they are predestinate to life eternall The first is a priori of from the cause this is the goodnesse grace and loue of God shed a ●ro●d in our hearts or the Spirit of God which beareth testimony to our spirits That wee are the sonnes of GOD of which way Rom. 8. The other is a posteriori or from the effects of Predestination and grace which are vocation iustification and study of good workes of which way 2 Pet. 1. 45 By this note are truely distinguished the Elect from the Reprobate for that the Elect being now regenerate continually haters of sinne do walke in the study of good works and so walk as though somtime in walking they doe fall into sinne yet are they cautelous before hand lest they should fall and afterward lest they persist in their fal and so with whole heart and whole will they neuer sinne But the Reprobate are so captiues to Sinne and Satan and to his concupiscences as to royall commandements from the hart and alwaies and in euery place to their power they are obsequious as that allthough for a fit they appeare to beleiue in Christ to study for good workes and so to bee of the number of the Elect they doe neuer in sincerity loue the Law of GOD they neuor truely doe hate sinne The Discourse touching the blinding of the Wicked consisteth of these Propositions THat God doth indurate Exod 4. v. 8. Iob 12. ex Esa 6. Ro. 1. 9. 2. Thes 1. make blind giue ouer into a Reprobate sense that they doe such things as are not conuenient the Holy Scriptures doe apparantly deliuer 2 But he doth onely harden the Reprobate not the Elect. 3 And although hee doth at last forsake all the Reprobate and depriue them of his light and so after a sort make blind and indurate al yet is God said in the Holy writ to beblind and indurate with this kind of excaecation of which Esai and Moses in Exodus and the Apostle Rom. 1. 9. not all but onely some notorious wicked and obstinate ones 4 The finall cause why God doth beblind such Reprobates as he doth make blind is three-fold The first is for that they for their praecedent wickednesse as iustice requireth should be punished with other sins The next that the Elect by their example might learne to feare God and not rebelliously to lift vp the heele against the Lord. The third that the irefull displeasure and power of God against sinne might be manifested to the whole world and so hisname celebrated throughout the Earth 5 But the cause by which God is after a sort compelled and excited to strike with blindensse the wicked is double One is the very impiety of the wicked and specially their p●euishnesse against the Lord the other is the eternall purpose and will of God 6 In the Question How GOD Augus Col. 1069. contra Iulianū Quasi non simul posu●rit haec duo Apostolus et potentiam et patientiam c. Rom 9 doth beblind and indurate to say that God doth it by sole permission as though God did nothing in them that are made blind is Pelagianisime and confuted and condemned by Augustine 7 Neither is it true to say That God beblindeth by the sole subtraction of his grace or of his light 8 Neither also doth it suffice to say That God maketh blind by a certaine externall action of his but indirectly to wit by obiecting some things to the eyes and eares of the Reprobate by which whereas they should be illuminated and mollified it commeth to passe by their owne corruption that they are more blinded 9 But besides those externall actions whereby hee obiecteth offences to the wicked hee also working by an internall action and that admirable and most iust in the harts of the wicked for the executing of his iust iudgement GOD doth be blinde and harden them 10 Moreouer GOD doth that sometime indeed by him-selfe and Exo. 14. Deut. 28. Ier. 13. 12. Aug. de gratia et libero arbi●rio c●● 20. et 21. Ide de predestinatione sanctorum lib. 1 c. 10. immediatly but sometime mediatly by the ministery of Satan the executioner of the diuine iustice by working in the hearts of the wicked yet in no case enforcing them 11 Neither yet for that can God be called by any meanes the Author of euill because hee is alwaies iust and doth nothing vniustly neither infuse iniustice into any 12 For although GOD on the one side doe command the Reprobate whome hee will make blinde that they be conuerted and repent and on the other side he blindeth indureth them so that they doe not that which he commandeth by the outward word that is that they conuert and repent as appeareth in Pharao yet from hence it followeth not that God doth delude the Reprobate for he is alwaies iust he doth none euill neither doth hee any absurd thing 13 Mans wisedome indeed inferreth this of the praemises but it is not to be heard in gods iudgments which are euen deepnes it selfe But we follow simply the word of God 14 Now the word of God plainly