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A89305 Horlogiographia optica. Dialling universall and particular: speculative and practicall. In a threefold præcognita, viz. geometricall, philosophicall, and astronomicall: and a threefold practise, viz. arithmeticall, geometricall, and instrumentall. With diverse propositions of the use and benefit of shadows, serving to prick down the signes, declination, and azimuths, on sun-dials, and diverse other benefits. Illustrated by diverse opticall conceits, taken out of Augilonius, Kercherius, Clavius, and others. Lastly, topothesia, or, a feigned description of the court of art. Full of benefit for the making of dials, use of the globes, difference of meridians, and most propositions of astronomie. Together with many usefull instruments and dials in brasse, made by Walter Hayes, at the Crosse Daggers in More Fields. / Written by Silvanus Morgan. Morgan, Sylvanus, 1620-1693.; Goddard, John, fl. 1645-1671, engraver. 1652 (1652) Wing M2741; Thomason E652_16; ESTC R202919 57,946 133

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himselfe in such Arts as may be and prove to be profitable for his Countrey Man is the Atlas that supports the Earth A perfect World though in a second birth I know not which the compleat World to call The senslesse World or man the rationall One claims compleat in bignesse and in birth Saith she 's compleat for man was last brought forth Man speaks again and stands in his defence Because he 's rationall hath compleat sense Nature now seeing them to disagree Sought for a means that they united be Concluded man that he should guide the Sphears Limit their motion in Dayes and Moneths and Years He thinking now his Office not in vain Limits the Sun unto a Diall plain Girdles the World in Circles Zones and Climes To shew his Art unto the after times Nature that made him thus compleat in all To please him more him Microcosmus call A little world only in this respect Of quantity and not for his defect Pray Gentle Reader view but well their feature Which being done pray tell me who 's the greater For he hath given me certain knowledge of the things that are namely to know how the World was made and the operations of the Elements the beginning ending and midst of times the alteration of the turning of the Sun and the change of Seasons the circuite of years and position of Stars Wisd. 7. 17. The ende of the Praecognita Philosophicall THE ARGVMENT OF THE Praecognita Astronomicall YOu 'r come to see a sight the World 's the stage Perhaps you 'l sayt's but a Star-gazing age What come you out to see one use an Instrument Can speculation yeild you such content That you can rest in learning but the name Of Pegasus or of swift Charleses Wane And would you learn to know how he doth move About his axis set at work by Jove If you would learn the practice read and then I need not thus intreat you by my pen To tread in Arts fair steps or to attain the way Go on make haste Relinquent do not stay Or will you scale Olympick hils so high Be sure you take fast hold ASTRONOMIE Then in that fair spread Canopie no way From thee is hid no not Galezia They that descend the waters deepe doe see Gods wonders in the deepe and what they be They that contemplate on the starry skie Do see the works that he hath fram'd so high Learn first division of the World and how 'T is seated I doe come to shew you now THE PRAECOGNITA ASTRONOMICAL CHAP I. Of the division of the World by accidentall scituation of the Circles COSMUS the World is divided by Microcosmus the little World into substantiall and imaginary parts Now the substantiall are those materiall parts or substance of which the World is compacted and made a Body by the inter-folding of one Sphear within another as is the Sphear of Saturn Jupiter Mars Sol c. And these of themselves have a gentle and proper motion but by violence of the first mover have a racked motion contrary to their own proper motion whence it appears that the motion of the heavens are two one proper to the Sphears as they are different in themselves the other common to all By Phebus motion plainly doth appear How many dayes doe constitute one yeare Will you know how many days doe constitute a year he telleth you who saith Ter centum ter viginti cum quinque diebus Sex horas neque plus integer Annus habet Three hundred sixty five dayes as appear With six houres added make a compleat Year The just period of the Suns proper revolution Perpetuus Solis distinguit tempora motus The Imaginary part traced out by mans imagination are Circles such is the Horizon the Equator the Meridian these Circles have of themselves no proper motion but by alteration of place have an accidentall division dividing the World into a right Sphear cutting the parallels of the Sun equally or oblique making unequall dayes and nights whence two observations arise First Where the parallels of the Sun are cut equally there is also the dayes and nights equall Secondly Where they are cut oblique there also the dayes and nights are unequall The variety of the heavens are diversly divided into Sphears or severall Orbs and as the Poets have found out a Galazia the milkie way of Juno her brests or the way by which the gods goe to their Palaces so they will assigne to each Sphear his severall god Goddesse of Heralts Caliope in the highest Sphears doth dwell Astrologie Amongst the Stars Urania doth excell Philosophie Polimnia the Sphear of Saturn guides Gladnesse Sterpsicore with Jupiter abides Historie And Clio raigneth in mans fixed Sphear Tragedic Melpomine guides him that gvids the year Solace Yea and Erata doth fair Venus sway Loud Instruments Mercury his Orbe Euturpe doth obey Ditty And horned Cynthia is become the Court Of Thalia to sing and laugh at sport Where they take their places as they come in order The Sphear is said to be right where the Poles have no elevation but lie in the Horizon so that to them the Equinoctiall is in the Zenith that is the point just over their heads The Sphear is oblique in regard of its accidentall division accidentally divided in regard of its orbicular form orbicular in regard of its accidentall equall variation orbicular it appears before in the Praecognita Philosophicall his equall variation is seen by the equall proportion of the earth answering to a Coelestiall degree for Circles are in proportion one to another and parallel one to another are cut equally so is the earth to the heavens having considered them as before we will now consider another sort of Sphear which is called parallel This parallel Sphear is so that the parallels of the Sun are parallel to the Horizon having the Poles in their Zenith being the extream intemperate colde and frozen Zone Ovid in his banishment complaines thus thereof Hard is the fright in Scythia I sustain Over my head heavens Axis doth remain CHAP II. Of the Circles of the Horizon the Equator and the Meridian THe greatest Circle of a Sphear is that which divides it in two equall parts and that because it crosseth diametrically and the diameter is the longest line as can be struck in a Circle and therefore the greatest which great Circles are represented in the following figure representing the Circles of a Sphear in an oblique Latitude according to the Latitude or elevation of the Pole here at London which is 51 deg. 32 min. being North Latitude because the North Pole is elevated The Horizon is a great Circle dividing the part of heauen seen from where we imagine an Antipodes the inhabitants being to us an Antipheristasin our direct opposites so that while the Sun continues visible to us it is above our Horizon and so continues day with us while it is night with our opposites and when the Sun goes down with us it appears to