Selected quad for the lemma: earth_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
earth_n	air_n	cold_a	water_n	5,390	5	6.9521	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A66701	The new help to discourse or, Wit, mirth, and jollity. intermixt with more serious matters consisting of pleasant astrological, astronomical, philosophical, grammatical, physical, chyrurgical, historical, moral, and poetical questions and answers. As also histories, poems, songs, epitaphs, epigrams, anagrams, acrosticks, riddles, jests, poesies, complements, &c. With several other varieties intermixt; together with The countrey-man's guide; containing directions for the true knowledge of several matters concerning astronomy and husbandry, in a more plain and easie method than any yet extant. By W. W. gent.	Winstanley, William, 1628?-1698.; Winstanley, William, 1628?-1698. Country-man's guide. aut.	1680 (1680)	Wing W3070; ESTC R222284	116,837	246

dayes which the Solar year doth exceed the Lunar the one consisting of 365 dayes the other of 354 so that in every 4 years there is added a number more than 30 which being greater than the Epact can be for from change to change there can be but 30 days therefore 30 being taken from that excess the remainder is the Epact for the next year The Epact is thus found out multiply the Golden Number of the year by 11. the product whereof if it be under 30 is the Epact but if it be above 30. they divide the product by 30. and the remainder shall be the Epact Qu. What is the Circle of the Sun An. The Circle of the Sun is a Revolution of 28 years in which time the Dominical Letters make all their several changes and is called the Solar Circle because it comprehends all the varieties and changes that the Sunday Letter can have Qu. What is the meaning of the Dominical Letter An. The Dominical Letter is alwaies one of these seven A. B. C. D. E. F. G. and sheweth the Sunday Letter all the year But in Bissextile or Leap-year there be two Dominical Letters whereof the first holdeth from the beginning of January to St. Mathias Eve and the other to the years end The Golden Number and the Dominical Letter change the first of January and the Epact the first of March Easter day never talleth lower than the 23 of March nor higher than the 25 of April Shrove sunday hath his range between the first of February and the 7 of March Whit-sunday between the 10 of May and the 13 of June and for a Rule for Shrovetide the Tuesday after the change of the Moon in February is always Shrove Tuesday Qu. What causes the Eclipses and Full of the Moon An. The Eclipse of the Moon is caused by the interposition of the Earth betwixt the Sun and her for she being a dark body of her self and having no light but what she borrows by reflection from the Sun so far as the Earth interposes so much of her is darkened The cause of the Sans Eclipse is when the Moon passes betwixt the Sun and us and shadows some of the body thereof from our sight so that what part is interposed by the Moon cannot be seen by us by reason she is a dark body hiding the same from our sight The Moon being in right opposition against the Sun causes her to be at the full as her increase is by drawing nearer to opposition and her decrease by departing further off Qu. Of what substance be the Stars what are their motions and what causeth blazing Stars An. The Stars are of the same substance with the Moon thick aad not transparent as the Heavens borrowing all their light from the Sun being otherwise of themselves dark bodies and shine as well in the day as the night though by reason of the Suns refulgent beams they are not obvious to our sight And as for their motion it is the same of the Heavens wherein they are placed Shooting or blazing Stars are hot fumes of a thick substance like glew which being exhaled above in the air and bovering alost until it be kindled flyes like a squib through the Air but if it mount to a higher place and there be kindled it turneth to a blazing Star A brief discourse of the natural cause of Airy Meteors as Snow Hail Rain c. YOu must first understand that there be four Elements viz. Fire Air Water and Earth the Fire is hot and dry the Air hot and moist the Water cold and moist and the Earth cold and dry These four Elements are the simples whereof all things under the Moon are made compounded and mixt Of Rain Rain is a cold vapour and earthly humour drawn from the Earth by the vertue of the Sun and the rest of the Planets into the middle Region of the Air where by the extremity of cold it is thickned into the body of a Cloud which the wind driving before it it doth dissolve and fall upon the Earth Of Snow Snow is ingendred of Rain the Cloud congealing through extremity of cold but not altogether so hard as Hail Pliny writes that the Hail sooner melts than Snow and that Hail falls oftner in the day than the night Of Hail Hail is likewise ingendred of Rain which the excessive cold when the Cloud dissolves freezes the drops and congeals into Ice whereby great and irregular stones do sometimes fall on the Earth Stow in his Annals reports that in the time of King Henry the 8. Anno 1545 there fell in Lancashire Hail-stones as big as mens fists and that which is most strange some were of the shape of mens faces others were fashioned like Gun-holes c. In the 23 year of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth August 12. Anno 1581. there fell a great shower of Hailstones which were fashioned like the Rowels of spurs and were two or three inches about Of Frost and Dew Dew is a thin vapour which through the faint heat of the Suns elevating it self but a little from the Earth presently at night descendeth again which in the Spring-time is called Dew but in the Winter by means of cold being congealed it is called Frost Of Wind. Wind is hot and dry fumes drawn from the Earth by the Stars which seeking to fly to the Sun is by the freezing cold driven back but from the fields fumes another fire which carries them back again so that thereby together with the confluence of other exhalations rising out of the Earth his motion is forced to be rather round than right and the reason why he bloweth more sharply one time than another and in some places more than others and sometimes not at all is fumes arising out of new exhalations and out of Floods Fenns and Marshes joyning with it to encrease his force the defect or dulness whereof may either allay or increase it as also the Globe or rotundity of the Earth may be the cause of the blowing of it more in one place than in another or Mountains Hills or Woods may hinder his force from blowing in all places eqnal whereas upon the Plain and broad Sea it bloweth with an equal force and as for the stilness or ceasing thereof it cometh to pass divers ways either by frost closing or congealing up the pores of the earth whence it should issue or by the heat of the Sun drying up fumes and vapors that should encrease it and whereof it is ingendred Of Earth-quakes Earth-quakes are caused by plenty of wind which getting into the holes and caverns of the earth and wanting a vent the earth closing again causeth the shaking or Earth-quake which is more violent according to the quantity of wind so inclosed Anno 1580. in the 22 year of Queen Elizabeths Reign happened a terrible Earth-quake at London and generally throughout all England by violence whereof the great Clock-bell a● Westminster struck against the hammer as divers

animalia plebis Inveniunt For when the seven mouth'd Nile the Fields forsake And to his ancient Channel him betakes The tillers of the ground live Creatures find Of sundry shapes i' th mud that 's left behind This River is in length almost 3000. miles being the only River of Egypt and is for its varieties sufficiently famous all the World over Of the fortunate Islands The Air of those Islands is reported to be of that singular temperature and the Earth of that fruitfulness that the Husbandmen have their Harvest in March and April Here all good things do abound useful or delightful for the life of man plenty of Fruits store of Grapes the Woods and Hedges bringing forth excellent Apples of their own accord The grass being mowed down in five days space will grow up to the length of a Cubit the ground is so fertile At Christmas they have Summer and all fruits ripe The Earth yields her fruit five or six times a year the Mountains are always beautified with variety of Flowers the Trees and Hedges-rows evermore green Dame Flora hath here her continual habitation and Ceres therein a continual Mansion In their sowing every two grains bringing forth a thousand Qu. How many Kings did formerly 〈◊〉 in these Countrys whereof our now 〈…〉 Soveraign King Charles the second is the most absolute Monarch An. In England it self were seven during the time of the Saxon Heptarchy which were 1. The Kingdom of Kent containing Kent only begun by Hengist the Saxon Captain and ending in Baldred having a succession of eighteen Kings and the continuance of two hundred forty and two years Queens County Weishford and Dublin Scotland had formerly two Kings whereof one was of the Scots the other of the Picts Besides these there was a King of the Isles of Scotland and one of the Isle of Man and Henry the sixth created Henry Beauchamp Earl of Warwick King of the Isle of Wight so that reckoning seven Kings in England three in Wales five in Ireland two in Scotland and three in the other Islands and you will find the whole number to amount to twenty Kingdoms A Discourse of Wonders Foreign and Domestick And first of Foreign AN Artizan in the Town of Norenburg in Germany made a wooden Eagle which when the Emperor Maximilian was coming thither flew a quarter of a mile out of the Town to meet him and being come to the place where he was turned back of its own accord and accompanied him home to his lodging 2. There is a Lake about Armach in Ireland into which if one thrust a piece of wood he shall find that part which remaineth in the mud converted to Iron and that which continueth in the water turned to a Wherstone 3. The Hill Aetna in Sicily which continually vomiteth forth flames of Fire to the astonishment of all beholders The reason of these flames as is conjectured is the abundance of Silver and Brimstone contained in the bosom of this Hill which is blown by the wind driving in at the chaps of the Earth as by a pair of bellows through which chinks also there is continually more fuel added to the fire the very water administring an operative vertue to the combustible matter as we see that water cast on coals in the Smiths Forge doth make them burn more ardently The reason of this flame is thus rendred by the witty Ovid in his Metamorphosis I st ● bitumine● rap●un●t incendi●● vices Luteaque exiguis ard●scunt Sulphura slammis Atque ubi terra cibos alimentaque debita slamma Non dabit absumptis per longum viribus annum Naturaeque su●m nutrim●ntum decrit edaci Non f●cit Aetna famem desertaque deseret ignis A rozen mould these siery flames begin And clayje Brinstone aids the sire within Yet when the slymie soylconsumed shall Yield no more food to feed the sire withal And Nature shall restrain her nourishment The flame shall cease hating all famishment 4. A Lake in Aethiopia superior of which whosoever drinketh either falleth immediately mad or is for a long time troubled with a drowsiness of which the aforesaid Ovid thus reciteth Aethiopesque Lacus quos siquis faucibus hausit Aut fu●i● aut patitar mirum gravetate soporem Who doth not know the Aethiopian Lake Whose waters he that drinks his thirst to slake Either groweth mad or doth his soul oppress With an unheard of drowsiness 5 The three wonders of which Spain boasteth of viz. 1. A Bridge over which the water flows that is used to run under all other Bridges 2. A City compassed with fire which is called Madrid by reason of the Wall that is all of Flints environ it round about 3. Another Bridge on which continually feed ten thousand Cattel the River Guadiana which hath his head in the Mountain Seira Molina afterwards runneth under ground the space of fifteen miles the like doth the River Lycus in Anatolia according to Ovid. Sic ubi terreno Lycus est epotus hiatu Exsilicit procul hinc alioque renascitur ore So Lycus swallowed by the gaping ground At a new mouth far off is rising found 6. The Tomb of Mansolus built by his Wife Artunesia Queen of Halicarnassus accounted one of the worlds seven wonders it being five and twenty Cubits high and supported by six and thirty curious Pillars of which thus writeth the witty Poet Martial Aere nam vacuo pendentia Mansolaea Laudibus immodicis Caris ad astra ferunt The Mansolaea hanging in the Sky The men of Caria's praises Deify 7. The Temple of Diana at Ephesus accounted also one of the worlds seven wonders It was two hundred years in building being four hundred twenty five foot long and two hundred twenty broad sustained with a hundred twenty seven Pillars of Marble seventy foot high whereof twenty seven were most curiously graven and all the rest of Marble polisht It was fired seven times and lastly by Herostratus the same night in which Alexander the great was born which made the Poets say that Diana who was the Goddess of Midwifery was so busie at the birth of that great Potentate that she had no time to defend her own Temple 8. The Pyramis of Aegypt reckoned also for one of the worlds seven wonders which have out-lived devouring time They were built nigh to the City of Memphis whereof two are most famous The first and greatest was built by Cleops a King of that Country who in the work employed a hundred thousand men the space of twenty years The Basis of which Pyramis contained in circuit sixty Acres of ground and was in height a thousand foot being made all of Marble This work was begun of such a prodigious vastness that King Cleops wanted money to finish the same whereupon as Herodotus writeth he prostituted his Daughter to all commers by which dishonest means he perfected his building and she besides the money due to her father exacted of every man that had the use of her body one stone

Fuller to be therein most exquisite who is reported that he would walk any street in London and by the strength of his memory tell how many and what Signs they were hanging in that street from the one end to the other according as they were in order As also if five hundred strange names were read unto him after the second or third hearing of them he would repeat them distinctly according as they have been read unto him Qu. What difference is there betwixt Prophets and Poets An. Thus much according to the old Verse Of things to come the first true Prophets are What the other of things past do false declare Qu. What creature is that which at once brings forth nourisheth her young and goeth with young again An. The Hare that fearful but fruitful creature who is represented as the Emblem of good providence because she sleeps with her eyes open Qu. Why do men commonly deck their Houses with Ivy at Christmas An. Ivy is said to be dedicated to Bacchus the God of wine and good cheer at which time men commonly eat and drink hard as one writes At Christmas men do always Ivy get And in each corner of the House it set But why do they then use that Bacchus weed Because they mean then Bacchus like to feed Q. Who brought up the first custom of Celebrating the Twelve days in Christmas with such Feasts and Sports as are still retained in some Gentlemens houses A. The famous King Arthur one and the chief of the Worlds nine Worthies an Institution which the Scottish Writers of these late times very much blame as being a time fitter for our devotion than for our mirth Qu. What is it which being contained in its self yet from it thousands do daily spring and issue A. The Egg from which is produced Fowls Fishes Birds and Serpents Q Was the beard created before the man or the man before the beard A. This seems to be a ridiculous question for most will think that the man must needs be created before the Beard and yet we find it otherwise for all beasts were made before man was made and amongst others the bearded Goat Q Whether was the Egg or Bird first A. Some will say the Egg because all Birds are produced from the Egg but we must know that the first rank of creatures was immediately from God without secondary causes and not produced by the Egg as is since by the course of nature Q. In what part of the world is it that trees bear living Creatures A. In the Isles of Orcades in Scotland wherein grows a Tree that bears fruit like unto a Fowl which dropping down into the water becomes a living creature like to a Duck to which Mr. Cleaveland alludeth in these verses A Scot when from the Gallow-tree got loose Drops into Styx and turns a Soland Goose Q. What Custom was that observed formerly in Scotland the like whereof we hardly read be practised in any Country A. It was called Marcheta Mulieris and took its beginning as the Scottish Write say in the reign of Ewen the third who i● the fifteenth King in their Catalogue after the first Fergus This Ewen being a Prince much addicted or rather wholly given over unto lasciviousness made a Law That himself and his Successors should have the Maiden-head or first nights lodging with every woman whose Husband held Land immediately from the Crown and the Lords and Gentlemen of all them whose Husbands were their Tenants or Homagers This was it seems the Knights-service which men held their Estates by and continued till the days of Malcolme Comner who married Margaret the Sister of one Edgar Etheling at whose request he abolished this lascivious ungodly Law ordaining that in the room thereof the Tenants should pay unto their Lords a Mark in money which Tribute the Historians say is yet in force Qu. Who was the most famous whore in her time An. Corinthian Lais who exacted ten thousand Drachma's for a nights lodging which made Demosthenes to cry out Non emam tanti paenitere I will not buy repentance at so dear a rate and occasioned the old verse Non cuivis homini contingit adire Corinthum 'T is not fit for every mans avail Unto Corinth for to sail She was afterwards for her extortions and spoiling the trade of the other petty whores set upon by a company of those strumpets and by them stoned to death as one writes of her At last a Crew of whores did set upon her A whore she was and whores to death did stone her Q. What Laws were those that were so severe and yet were kept and continued for the space of seven hundred years together A. The Laconian or the Laws of Lacedaemonia once a famous Commonwealth in Greece which Laws were compiled by Lycurgus who going a Journey bound the people by oath to observe all his Laws till he returned and being gone from thence commanded that when he was dead and buried his ashes should be cast into the Sea by this means his Laws endured for a long time in Sparta which by reason thereof flourished in great prosperiry Q. What place is it that is accounted the middle or center of the Earth A. Some say Palestine and in particular the Valley of Jehosaphat of which opinion are many of our ancient and modern Divines but some of our Historians and Poets allo● the same to Pytho or Pythia a Town in Greece of which they say that Jupiter desirous once to know the exact middle of the Earth let flie two Eagles one from the East the other from the West these Eagles meeting in this place shewed plainly that it was the Navel or mid part of the Earth Q. What are the causes of ebbing and flowing of the Sea A. Several men are of several minds Some ascribe it to the Moon who by her approaching to the South doth by her beams and influences make warm the Sea whence the rising exhalations do proceed wherewith so swelling to empty it self it floweth to the Shores and Havens but descending to the Horizon and Wane as her beams by little and little diminish the waters do fall and abate which causeth her Eddy or Ebb. Others impute it to God and his Spirit moving upon the waters moveth the waters which Iob expresses by the similitude of fire under a pot saying It is God that maketh the Sea boil like a pot which fire is taken to be partly in the saltness of the waters which in the night shows like fire and causes a moving in the same Another reason is for that the Earth hath more fire in it than water which fire lieth hid in the subterraneous stones and this fire doth partly cause the motion of the Sea an Element of it self liquid and active and subject to motion which thereto when once by this fire occasioned the precedent part is thrust forward by the subsequent Others again give this reason that the Earth being round and

the Waters of themselves liquid and moveable when they have run their course as much as they can one way then meeting with the other waters drawn by the same attraction from other places they then return back again but encountring with that huge Mountain of the Sea are beaten back again and so by this means forced to continual motion Qu. Is the Sea higher than the Earth An. This is affirmed to be so and the reasons given therefore are these First because it is a body not so heavy Secondly it is observed by Saylors that their Ships fly faster to the shoar than from it whereof no reason can be given but the height of the Water above the Land Thirdly to such as stand on the shore the Sea seemeth to swell into the form of a mountain till it putteth a bound to their sight But some then will lay how comes it to pass that the Sea hovering thus over the Earth doth not overwhelm it To which I answer that must be attributed to him only who hath made the waters to stand on a heap who hath set them a bound which they shall not pass nor turn again to cover the Earth Qu. Why is the form of Money round An. Because it is to run to every man though it commonly runs up hill to the rich I remember I saw once the picture of a Shilling which had upon the top of it a pair of Wings flying as it were from spades and oars that were pourtrayed on the one side to the picture of an Usurer who was deciphered on the other side underneath was the figure of a Snail with the shilling on his back creeping a slowly peace towards the Oars The explanation of all being set forth by these verses Twelve-pence here first presents him to your Eye Who from the Spades and Oars with wing do fly To the rich Usurer who ready stands To entertain him with a Purse in 's hands Where long being kept at last returns as slo● Back to the Oars as the poor Snail doth g●● Qu. Why is Nummus Latine for Money An. Of Numa Pompilius second King of the Romans the first that caused Money to be made though the Jews attribute the invention thereof to Cain as the Grecians to Hermodice the wife of Midas and some of the Romans to Janus That money was not in former Ages the only Bartery or way of exchange we read in Homer where Glaucus Golden Armour was valued at a hundred Kine and Diomedes Armour at ten onely which kind of bartery is to this day used amongst some of the Irish as at the Barbadoes and Virginia it is commonly by Tobacco or Sugar Our Ancestors the Britains used brass Rings and Iron Rings for their Instruments of Exchange The most usual material of Money amongst the Roman Provinces was seldom Gold or Silver most times Brass sometimes Leather Corium forma publica percussum as Senecae hath it This last kind of Money was by Frederick the Second made currant when he ●esieged Millain the like is said to have been used here in England at the time of the Barons wars which is thought to be the same that is now commonly shown in the Tower and why not since the Hollanders no longer ago than in the year 1574 being in their extremities made Money of Past-board But now such things we in derision hold Nothing will pass but Silver or fine Gold I shall therefore annex here certain Verses describing the person and quality of that ●hild of chase or Lady Pecunia which is so ●uch sought after and catcht at by every ●e giving you assured marks whereby to ●ow her if you can find her She is a Lady of such matchless carriage Wedded to none tho' sought of all in marriage She may be kist yet neither washt nor clipt And if you wooe not wary soon o'reslipt She may be common yet be honest too Which is far more than any Maids can do VVho e're atchieves her speaks her ne'r so fair She 'l not stay long before she take the air She is so proud she 'l not with poor men stay But straight takes pet and goes from him away A rich man may her for a time intreat And with the Usurer she 'l sit i' th' seat She goes in Cloth of silver Cloth of gold Of several worths and values manifold But when she goes in golden Robes best dight Then she 's suspected for to be most light She needs no Physick to recover Health For she 's still currant and as rich in Wealth Some Irish Lady born we may suppose Because she runs so fast and never goes If she be wrong'd in name and ill abide it Of all men Justice Touch-stone must decide it She is a Vagrant sure else there is none Because she 's always rambling from home Nothing can cause her for to take her rest But clip her Wings and lock her in a Chest Qu. What City is that which is Founded the Waters compassed in with waters and ha●● no other walls but the Sea An. The City of Venice situate in the be some of the Adriatick Sea which hath continued unshaken or conquered since the fi●● building 1152 years it hath for convenience of Passage 4000 Bridges and very near 1200● Bo us They have an A●senal in which a● kept 200 Galleys in their Magazine of W● they have Armour sufficient for 100000 Soldiers amongst which are 1000 Coats of Plate garnished with Gold and covered with velvet so that they are sit for any Prince in Christendom there are said to be 200 Houses therein fit to Lodge any King whomsoever they have several Houses stored with Masts Sayls and other Tacklings and are at this present the chiefest Bulwark of Christendom against the Turk Qu. When a Man dyes which is the last part of him that stirs and which of a Woman An. When Man and Woman dyes as Poets sung His Heart 's the last that stirs of her the Tongue Qu. What Answer gave one to a Barber who bragged that Kings sate bare to their Trade An. He bid him that they should remember as well that they must stand to Beggars whilst they did sit Qu. What is the common saying that is appropriated to Poland An. That if a man have lost his Religion there he may find it there being tolerated Papists Lutherans Calvinists Arrians Anabaptists Antitrinitarians and all Sects what-soever The same saying is now applied to Amsterdam in Holland Qn. What other thing is remarkable there An. It is a custom there that when in the Churches the Gospel is reading the Nobility and Centry of that Country draw out their Swords to signifie that they are ready to defend the same if any dare oppugn it The same reason questionless gave beginning to our custom of standing up at the Creed whereby we express how prepared and resolute we are to maintain it although in the late times of Rebellion some tender Consciences holding it to be a Relique of Popery being more nice

the Coach in which she came thither giving her by that ceremony to understand that she must restra in her self from gadding abroad and that being now joyned to an Husband she must frame her self to live and tarry with him without any hope of departure Qu. Wherein is a good wife compared to a Snail An. Because she carries her house on her head but a bad wife makes her husband headed like a Snail I know not which lead most unnatural lives Horn-headed husbands or light wag-tayl'd wives Qu. Whether is better wealth or wit An. This may be resolved by several circumstances that folly is the most hatefullest thing in the world a man without wisdom is but a moving block and though adorned with golden trappings his long ears will show him to be an Ass for folly in a mans breast like the sin of murther will not be hid Qu. Why do rich men love more servently than poor men An. Though some do say that in Love there is no lack yet when once wealth Loves fuel is spent we oftentimes see Love thereby is also extinguisht according to that of the Poet Love is maintain'd by wealth when all is spent Adversity then breeds the discontent Qu. What four things be those that be grievous to our eye sight An. 1. Smoke out of the moist Wood. 2. Wind in a storm 3. An empty purse 4. To see our enemies fortunate and our 〈…〉 Qu. In what place of Europe is it where the Barrels are so much preferred before the Bar An. Hamburg in Germany in which Town are 777 Brewers and but one Lawyer the reason why there is such a huge disproportion between the number of Brewers and Lawyers is because their differences are sooner divided over a Can than by course of Law thus strong beer which in some Countries breeds quarrels here ends them where strife ceaseth there is little need of the Lawyer Qu. What man of all others is most worldly miserable An. He who having once sate on the top of Fortunes Wheel is after by the blind Goddess brought to want and penury according to the Poet Adversity hurts none but only such Whom whitest Fortune dandled has too much Qu. Of which Countrey were the seven Sleepers what were their names and how long according to tradition was the time that they slept An. History tells us that they were born in Ephesus and lived in the time of the seventh persecution under Decian the Emperor their names were 1. Maximilian 2. Malchus 3. Marcianus 4. Denis 5. Iohn 6. Seraphion and 7. Constantius These men to avoid the heat of the persecution fled to a Cave in the mount of Celion where they fell fast a sleep which Caves mouth was stopped up by their persecutors and they remained sleeping therein 208 years until the time of Theodosius the Emperor when it being again opened they came out of the same well and lively as if they had slept but one night Qu. Who is the Father of all Lies and untruths An. We read in the Scripture that the Devil is the Father of lies to which we may add as a second cause wide-mouth'd tatling Fame according to that of the Poet Error by Error tales by tales great grow As Snowbals do by rouling to and fro To which also we may add that of Ovid. The thing false told grows great as it would burst And every one adds second to the first Qu. What is the Character that one giveth in his censure of several Kings in Europe An. That the Emperor of Germany is Rex Regum because he hath under him such a number of Reguli or free Princes the King of Spain Rex Hominum because of his subjects reasonable obedience the King of France Rex Asinorum because of their infinite Taxes and impositions and the King of England Rex Diabolorum because of his subjects often insurrections against and depositions of their Princes Of the River Nilus in Egypt It is uncertain where this famous River hath its head or Fountain whether in the Mountain of the Moon or the Lake Zembre in Aethiopia interior but certain it is that it runneth in one continual Channel till it washeth the midland of Aegypt having in the mean space several Cataracts which is a great fall of the waters that maketh such a hideous noise as not only deafeth the by-dwellers but the Hills also are torn with the sound as Lucan hath it Cuncta tremunt undis multo murmure montus Spumens invictis albescit fluctibus amnis The noise the mountains shakes who roar in spight To see th'unvanquisht waves cloath'd all in white Before it taketh its influx into the Sea it divideth it self into seven Channels or Mouths namely 1. Heracleoticum 2. Bolviticum 3. Schanitium 4. Patinicum 5. Mendesium 6 Caniticum 7. Pebusiacum This Nilus from the 15. day of June swelleth above his banks the space of forty days and in as many more gathereth his waters again to their proper bounds If it flow not to the height of fifteen Cubits then the earth is deficient in her abundance of encrease for want of moisture and if the waters surmount the superficies of the earth more than seventeen Cubits then like a drunken man it cannot produce its natural operations as having its stomach as it were over-laid and surcharged with too much liquor but if the mean be granted no Countrey can brag of such abundance whereof the aforesaid Lucan Terra suis contenta bonis non indiga mercis Aut Iovis in solo tanta est fiducia Nilo the Earth content with its own wealth doth crave No forraign Mars nor Jove himself they have Their hopes alone in Nilus fruitful wave During this inundation the Beasts and Cattel live on the Hills and in the Towns to which they are before hand driven and there are till decrease of the waters fodderd As for the Towns and Villages they stand all on the tops of the Hills and at the time of the Flood appear like so many Islands commerce and entercourse is not a jot diminished for Skifs and the like Boats supply the places of Horses and Camels transporting safely and speedily the market-men and their commodities from one Town to another Now beside the fertility a second commodity arising from this inundation of the Nile is the health it bringeth with it for the plague which here often miserably rageth upon the first day of the Flood doth instantly cease insomuch that whereas 500 die in Caire the day before the day following there dyeth not one A third strangeness in this River is that keeping its waters together it changeth the colour of the Sea farther into the Mediterranean than the Sea can thence be discerned A fourth miracle is that not in fruit onely but in producing live creatures also it is even to wonder fruitful according to Ovid Namque ubi discernit madidos septemsluus agros Nilus antiquo sua flumina reddidit alveo Plurima Cultores versis

that lives Great wife rich fair in all superlatives Yet I these favors would more free resign Than ever Fortune would have had them mine I count one minute of my holy leisure Beyond the mirth of all this earthly pleasure Welcome pure thoughts welcome ye careless Groves These are my Guests this is the court age loves The winged people of the skies shall sing Me Anthems by my sellers gentle Spring Divinity shall be my Looking glass Wherein I will adore sweet Virtues face Here dwells no heartless Loves no pale fac't Fears No short Joys purchas'd with eternal tears Here will I sit and sing my hot youths folly And learn to affect an holy Melancholy And if Contentment be a stranger then I 'le ne're look for it but in Heaven agen Humane Life Charactered by Francis Viscount St. Albanes THe World 's a Bubble And the Life of Man Less than a span In his Conception wretched From the Womb So to the Tomb Curs'd from his Cradle And brought up to years With Care and Fears Who then to frail Mortality shall trust But lines the water and doth write in dust Yet whiles with sorrow Here we live opprest What life is best Courts are but Superficial Schools To dandle fools The Rural parts Are turn'd into a Den Of savage men And where 's a City from all vice so free But may be term'd the worst of all the three Domestick Care Afflicts the Husbands bed Or pains his head Those that love single Take it for a Curse Or do things worse Some wish for Children Those that have them none Or wish them gone What is it then to have or have no wife But single thraldom or a double strife Our own affections Still at home to please Is a Disease To cross the Seas To any forraign Soil Peril or toil Wars with their noise affrighe us And when they cause We are worse in peace What then remains but that we still should cry Not to be born or being born to die A Prisoners Complaint I La●e us'd to resort unto the B●ook To catch the fish with either net or hook Where as 〈◊〉 creatures did I le●rn unto me From danger neither land nor waters free For whilest on Fowls Fishes and Beasts we feed Earth Air and Water shall be ransacked The gluttenous belly to satisfie Thus to preserve one Creatures life how many creatures die I late used to walk abroad i' th fields To take the pleasure spring and summer yields Whereas the Flowers denote to me Of our short life the mutability One day in pomp next day i' th dirt they lie This day we live too morrow we may die For this our life 's so short and full of sorrow None can assure himself to day he shall live till to morrow I once us'd to rise early in the morn To hunt the Fox that enemy to Corn And chase the timerous Hare and by that way I had both pleasure and sometimes a prey But of those Joys I am now quite bereft And unto me alass is nothing left But the remembrance only poor relief To think on Joys that now are past to ease my present grief The Description of a Chast Mistress LIke the Violet which alone Prospers in some happy shade Such my Mistress lives unknown To no looser eye betraid For she 's to her self untiue Who delights i' th publick view Such her beauty as no Arts Have enricht with borrowed grace Her high Birth no pride imparts For she blushes in her place Folly boasts a glorious blood She is noblest being good Cautious she knew never yet What a wanton Courtship meant Nor speaks loud to boast her wit In her silence eloquent Of her self survey she takes But 'tween men no difference makes She obeys with speedy will Her grave Parents wise commands And so innocent that ill She nor acts nor understands Womens feet run still astray If once to ill they know the way She say is by that Rock the Court Where oft Honour splits her Mast And Retir'dness thinks the Port Where her Fame may Anchor cast Vertue safely cannot sit Where Vice is enthron'd for Wit She holds that days pleasure best Where sin waits not on delight Without Masque or Ball or Feast Sweetly spends a winters night O're that darkness whence is thrust Prayer and sleep oft governs lust She her throne makes reason climb While wild passions captive lie And each article of time Her pure thoughts to Heaven fly All her Vows religious be And her Love she vows to me The Surprizal Or Loves Tyranny THere 's no dallying with Love Though he be a Child and and blind Then let none the danger prove Who would to himself be kind Smile he does when thou dost play But his smiles to death betray Lately with the Boy I sported Love I did not yet love feign'd Had no Mistress yet I courted Sigh I did yet was not pain'd Till at last his love in jest Prov'd in earnest my unrest When I saw my fair One first In a feigned fire I burn'd But true flames my poor heart pierc't When her eyes on mine she turn'd So a real wound I took For my counterfeited look Slighted Love his skill to show Struck me with a mortal dart Then I learn'd that ' gainst his Bow Vain are all the helps of Art And thus captiv'd found that true Doth dissembled Love pursue Cause his fetters I disclaimed Now the Tyrant faster bound me With more scorching Bonds in flamed Cause in love so cold he found me And my sighs more scalding made Cause with winds before they plaid Who love not then ô make no shew Love 's as ill deceiv'd as Fate Fly the Boy he 'l cog and woo Mock him and he 'l wound the strait They who dally boast in vain False love wants not real pain Choice Songs which sometimes may be used for the sweetning of tedious Discourse The Baseness of the Whores TRust no more a wanton Whore If thou lov'st health and freedom They are so base in every place 'T is pity that bread should fed 'em All their sence is impudence Which some call good conditions Stink they do above ground too Of Surgeons and Physicians If you are nice they have their spice On which they 'l chew to slour you And if you not discern the plot You have no Nose about you Together more they have in store For which I deadly hate 'em Persumed gear to stuff each ear And for their cheeks Pomatum Liquorish sluts they feast their guts At Chuffins cost like Princes Amber Plums and Macaroons And costly candied Quinces Potato-pies supports the Rump Eringo strengthens Nature Viper wine to heat the Chine They 'l gender with a Satyr Names they own are never known Throughout their generation Noblemen are kin to them At least by approbation If any dote on a Gay-coat But mark what there is stampt on 't A Stone-horse wild with Tool defil'd Two Goats a Lyon Rampant Truth to say Paint and Array

Clock-bells did both in City and Countrey In London a piece of the Temple Church fell down In the late dissolved Church called the Grey-Fryers now called Christ-Church in the Sermon time one stone falling from the Church killed a young man outright and another stone so bruised a Maid that she lived but four days after the Man and the Maid being fellow Servants in one House divers were bruised and run out of the Church Some stones fell off from the Church of St. Pauls in London and some from the Church of St. Peters at Westminster divers Chimneys lost their tops and Ships on the Thames and on the Seas were seen to totter this Earthquake did not continue above a quarter of an hour in London but in divers parts in Kent it held them so terrible that the people went out of their Houses for fear they should fall on their heads Of the Rain-Bow The Rain-bow is only the Suns reflection on a hollow Cloud which the edge being repelled and beaten back against the Sun from thence ariseth much variety of colours by reason of the mixture of clouds air and fire-light together If two Rain bows appear at one time they presage Rain to ensue but if one Rain-bow presently after Rain it betokeneth fair weather Of Thunder and Lightning When hot and dry vapours mixt with moisture is exhaled up into the middle Region and there inclosed in the body of a Cloud these two contraries not agreeing together break forth with great violence so that fire and water break out of the cloud making a roaring noise which we call Thunder and the fire Lightning the Thunder is first made but the Lightning first seen in regard the sight is quicker than the hearing which to prove observe but at some distance when a man is cleaving of blocks or a Carpenter hewing a log and you shall see the fall of the beetle or Ax some little distance of time before you hear the noise of the blow Now of Lightnings there be many sorts that which is dry burneth not all but dissipateth and disperseth its self moist burneth not likewise but blasts and changeth the colour but the clear is of a strange property for it melteth the sword and not singeth the scabberd it draweth vessels dry without hurt to the vessels some rich misers have had their silver melted in their bags and purses and yet neither bag nor purse hurt nay not so much as the wax that sealeth the bag stirred It breaketh the bones and hurteth not the flesh and killeth the Child in the Mothers Womb not hurting the mother what great cause have we to pray as it is in the Letany from thunder and lightning good Lord deliver us What things are not burt with Lightning It entreth not past five foot into the earth it hurteth not the Laurel-Tree such are freed that are shadowed with the skins of Seals or Sea-Calves the Eagle is likewise free Pliny saith Scythia by reason of cold and Egypt by reason of the heat have seldom Lightning A Brief Deseri●tion of the World shewing what it is and of what Parts it consisteth together with other things well worthy of observation THe world may not unfitly be termed a large Theatre of the heavens and earth wherein are contained all bodies both simple and mixt The Greeks calls it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Latine Universitas or Mandus all signifying with us the world It consisteth of two only parts the one Elemental and the other Coelestial The Elemental part contains the four Elements as Fire Air Water Earth The Coelestial parts contains seven several Orbs for the Planets and one for the fixed Stars above which is the Christalline Heaven the first mover which once in 24 hours carries the other round about the Earth and last of all the Empereal heaven the habitation for Saints and Angels with all the rest of Gods elect Within this coelestial part not these only are continued but also the Elemental part it self and whatsoever it containeth within the midst of his concavity by the divine providence of God hangs this dark and gross body of the Earth upon which we mortals live and in respect of the glorious Heavens we should scarce so much as fix our eyes upon it for God hath made us not as other Creatures with a dejected countenance but os homini sublime dedit he hath given to man a lofty and exact countenance according to that of the Poet And where all Beasts look down with groveling eye He gave to man looks mixt with majesty And bids him with expansed looks to view the Sky Plato the most divine amongst the Heathen affirmed that the chief cause why men had eyes given them was to behold the Heavens an admired spectacle of Gods Workmanship for though there be other ends for which we have our senses yet without question this is one and a main one to consider the glorious part of Gods creation and to search into the obstruse Mysteries thereof for God hath made nothing in vain he hath not made these glorious bodies only to be gazed at but to be searched into there being none of the humane sciences that draw us so near to God so that Ptolomy not unworthily in the beginning of his Almagest affirmeth Hanc unam scientiam esse viam ac semitam ad sciendum Deum altissimum which being understood cum grano salis will not be much different from the mind of St. Paul Rom. 1. 20. for the invisible things of God c. are seen by the Creation of the World In which place as all things created are understood so especially it should seem the coelestial bodies to be intended for these with their beauty magnitude and multitude and with the perpetual stability and wonderful variety of their invariable motions and effects do in a marvellous manner commend the wisdom and goodness of the glorious God and do exceeding much draw us to the admiration love and knowledge of him according to that excellent testimony of the kingly Prophet The Heavens declare the glory of God and the Firmament sheweth his handy work And again There is neither Speech nor Language but their Voice is heard among them Psalm 19. 1 2. And in Wisd 13. 4 5. saith Solomon But if they were astonished at their power and vertue let them understand by them how much mightier he is that made them For by the beauty and greatness of the Creatures proportionably the maker of them is seen And from hence sure it is that the Sideral science is by some not unfitly call'd Natural Theology Solid Orbs and Comets to be in the sublunary Region have been maintained by many both elder and later yet by the infallible observations and unparallel'd instruments joyned with the unwearied assiduity and almost invaluable expence of the Tres-noble Tyche they have been found altogether false The Heavens so framed are That they do all declare Gods Glory doth excel The Skyes and Firmament Bright clear and

permanent His handy work doth tell Day unto day doth teach And of the Lord do preach His wondrous works relating Night unto night doth show That every one might know His wisdom them creating There is no speech nor Land But this doth understand Though it far distant lyes Yet doth it heart the noise Acknowledging the voice And Language of the Skyes c. Qu. At what time of the year according to the opinion of many men was the world created An. That the world began in Autumn is of late the opinion of many both Divines and Chronologers And yet of old the ancient Fathers Eusebius Basil Athanasius Ambrose Cyril of Jerusalem Augustine Nazianzen Damascen Bede Psidore c. were persuaded otherwise Yea in a Synod holden in Palestine by Theophilus Bishop of Caesarea it was agreed that the World was made in the Spring Nor is that but a great question betwixt two furious Rabbins for though the Rabbins for the most part be for Autumn yet R. Josua maintains the contrary against Eleazer another great Rabbi who contends for Autumn True it is that the year of Jubilee began alwayes at Autumn howbeit the first month of the year was to be reckoned from the Spring which is as Moses saith to the Israelites Ezod 12. 2. This shall be to you the beginning of Months as if he had said though whilst you were in Aegypt you followed another reckoning yet it was divers from that which ye had at the first for this is to you the beginning of months or the natural head of the year Nor did the Chaldeans with whom Abrabam lived a long time reckon otherwise And successively since Astrologers have accounted the revolutions of the world from the vernal Equinox at the Suns entrance into the first scruple of Aries Translated out of Manilius Lib. 4. ALl Animals that be do groveling lye Or in the Earth the Water or the Sky One rest one sence one belly like in all Which they communicate in general But man consists of soul and body linkt Of Councils capable of voice distinct He into natural causes doth inspect And knows what to devise how to direct Into the world he Arts and science brings And searcheth out the hidden birth of things The unplow'd earth he to his will subdues And all it brings forth he knows how to use The untam'd Beasts he doth at pleasure bind He in the Seas untroden paths doth find He only stands with an erected brest As the sole Victor over all the rest His Star-like eyes into the Stars inquire The Heavens themselves he scales if he desire He seeks out Jove his thoughts will not be ty'd The Stars from him in vain themselves do hide He not content to look them in the faces Ransacks their Houses there most secret places This is the scope of mans all prying mind Himself he hopes amongst the Stars to find Of the unfortunate and fatal Days in the Year THe ancient Astronomers have observ'd certain days in every month to be held very fatal and unfortunate in which they accounted it ominous to begin or undertake any matter which days be as follow January the 1 2 4 5 10 15 17 and 19 February the 8 10 and 17. March the 15 16 and 19. April the 16 and 21. May the 7 11 and 20. June the 4 and 7. July the 15 and 20. August the 19 and 20. September the 6 and 7. October the 5. November the 15 and 19. December the 6 7 and 9. Also they will have in every change of the Moon two unfortunate days in which they advise no man to begin any work or undertake any journey because it shall come to no good end Which days be these In Jan. the 3 and 4 days of the new Moon In February 5 and 7 In March 6 and 7. In April 5 and 8. In May 8 and 9. In June 5 and 15. In July 3 and 13. In August 8 and 13. In September 8 and 13. In October 5 and 12. In November 5 and 9. In December 3 and 13. Others there be which note out of the whole year six most unfortunate days above all other wherein they advise no man to bleed or take any drink because the effects of the Constellation work mightily to death and in other respects they be right unfortunate which days be these January the 3. April the 30. July the 1. August the 1. October the 2. December the 30. Others again there be which observe three dangerous Mundays to begin any business fall sick or undertake any journey viz. First Munday in April on which day Cain was born and his Brother 6 bel slain Second Munday in August on which day Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed 31 of December on which day Jadas was born that betrayed Christ Likewise throughout England the 28 of December being Innocents day is called Childermas or Cros●-day and is so accounted every week Moreover there be certain unfortunate and bad days in the year called Dog-Days which be very prejudicial to mans health they begin the 19 day of July and end the 27 of August the malignity of which days Pliny reporteth Lib Chap 40. of his Natural History Exact rules to find out the beginning and ending of the Terms with the number of their Returns HIllary Term begins always the 23 of January and ends February the 12 and hath four Returns Easter Term begins always on the Wednesday fortnight after Easter ends the Munday after Ascension day and hath five Returns Trinity Term begins always the Fryday after Trinity and ends the Wednesday fortnight after and hath four Returns Michaelmas Term begins October the 23. and ends November the 21. and hath six Returns Note that the Exchequer opens 8 days before any Term begins except Trinity Term before which it opens only 4 days Of Weights and Measures commonly used in England THe most common Weight used in England are Troy and Avoirdupois by the first is weighed Wheat Bread Gold Silver c. which Troy-weight contains in every pound twelve ounces every ounce twenty penny weight and every penny weight twenty four grains whereby a mark weight ariseth just to eighty ounces By the second and more common weight of Avoirdupois is weighed all kind of Grocery ware Physical drugs and gross wares as Rosin Pitch Hemp c. and all Iron Copper Tin or other metals this weight hath sixteen ounces to the pound and is divided into grains scruples drams and ounces so that one pound Avoirdupois contains 16 ounces 128 drams 384 scruples and 7680 grains How Ale and Beer it measured These two sorts of Liquors are measured by pints quarts pottles gallons firkins kilderkins and barrels so that a barrel of Beer contains two kilderkins four Firkins thirty six gallons seventy two pottles 144 quarts and 282 pints A Barrel of Ale is two kilderkins four firkins thirty two gallons sixty four pottles 128 quarts and 256 pints so then the Barrel of Ale is less than the Barrel of Beer