they will be sure to carry the cause against you and no man is able to bear the reproach of singularity It was in honour spoken of S. Malachias my Predecessor in the See of D. in his life written by S. Bernard Apostolicas sanctiones decreta SS pp. in cunctis Ecclesiis statuebat I hope to do something of this for your help and service if God gives me life and health and opportunity But for the present I have done These Rules if you observe your Doctrine will be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it will need no pardon and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 never to be reprov'd in Judgment I conclude all with the wise saying of Bensirach Extoll not thy self in the counsel of thine own heart that thy soul be not torn in pieces as a Bull straying alone FINIS RULES AND ADVICES TO THE CLERGY OF THE DIOCESSE OF DOWN CONNOR For their Deportment in their Personal and Publick Capacities Given by Jer. Taylor Bishop of that Diocess at the Visitation at LISNEGARVEY The third Edition LONDON Printed for R. Royston Book-seller to the Kings Most Excellent Majesty 1667. Rules and Advices to the Clergy I. Personal Duty II. Of Prudence required in Ministers III. The Rules and Measures of Government to be used by Ministers in their respective Cures IV. Rules and Advices concerning Preaching V. Rules and Advices concerning Catechism VI. Rules and Advices concerning the Visitation of the Sick VII Of ministring the Sacraments publick Prayers and other duties of Ministers RULES AND ADVICES TO THE CLERGY I. Personal Duty rule I REmember that it is your great Duty and tied on you by many Obligations that you be exemplar in your lives and be Patterns and Presidents to your Flocks lest it be said unto you Why takest thou my Law into thy mouth seeing thou hatest to be reformed thereby He that lives an idle life may preach with Truth and Reason or as did the Pharisees but not as Christ or as one having Authority rule II Every Minister in taking accounts of his life must judge of his Duty by more strict and severer measures than he does of his People and he that ties heavy burthens upon others ought himself to carry the heaviest end and many things may be lawful in them which he must not suffer in himself rule III Let every Minister endeavour to be learned in all spiritual wisdom and skilful in the things of God for he will ill teach others the way of godliness perfectly that is himself a babe and uninstructed An Ignorant Minister is an head without an eye and an Evil Minister is salt that hath no savour rule IV Every Minister above all things must be careful that he be not a servant of Passion whether of Anger or Desire For he that is not a master of his Passions will always be useless and quickly will become contemptible and cheap in the eyes of his Parish rule V Let no Minister be litigious in any thing not greedy or covetous not insisting upon little things or quarrelling for or exacting of every minute portion of his dues but bountiful and easie remitting of his right when to do so may be useful to his people or when the contrary may do mischief and cause reproach Be not over-righteous saith Solomon that is not severe in demanding or forcing every thing though it be indeed his due rule VI Let not the name of the Church be made a pretence for personal covetousness by saying you are willing to remit many things but you must not wrong the Church for though it be true that you are not to do prejudice to succession yet many things may be forgiven upon just occasions from which the Church shall receive no incommodity but be sure that there are but few things which thou art bound to do in thy personal capacity but the sâ—me also and more thou art obliged to perform as thou art a publick person rule VII Never exact the offerings or customary wages and such as are allowed by Law in the ministration of the Sacraments nor condition for them nor secure them before-hand but first do your office and minister the Sacrameâ—â—s purely readily and for Christs sake and when that is done receive what is your due rule VIII Avoid all Pride as you would flee from the most frightful Apparition or the most cruel Enemy and remember that you can never truly teach Humility or tell what it is unless you practise it your selves rule IX Take no measures of Humility but such as are material and tangible such which consist not in humble words and lowly gestures but what is first truly radicated in your Souls in low opinion of your selves and in real preferring others before your selves and in such significations which can neither deceive your selves nor others rule X Let every Curate of Souls strive to understand himself best and then to understand others Let him spare himself least but most severely judge censure and condemn himself If he be learned let him shew it by wise teaching and humble manners If he be not learned let him be sure to get so much Knowledge as to know that and so much Humility as not to grow insolent and puffed up by his Emptiness For many will pardon a good man that is less learned but if he be proud no man will forgive him rule XI Let every Minister be careful to live a life as abstracted from the Affairs of the world as his necessity will permit him but at no hand to be immerg'd and principally imploy'd in the Affairs of the World What cannot be avoided and what is of good report and what he is oblig'd to by any personal or collateral Duty that he may do but no more Ever remembring the Saying of our Blessed Lord In the world ye shall have trouble but in me ye shall have peace and consider this also which is a great Truth That every degree of love to the world is so much taken from the Love of God rule XII Be no otherwise sollicitous of your Fame and Reputation but by doing your Duty well and wisely in other things refer your self to God but if you meet with evil Tongues be careful that you bear reproaches sweetly and temperately rule XIII Remember that no Minister can govern his people well and prosperously unless himself hath learn'd humbly and cheerfully to obey his Superiour For every Minister should be like the good Centurion in the Gospel himself is under authority and he hath people under him rule XIV Be sure in all your Words and Actions to preserve Christian simplicity and ingenuity to do to others as you would be done unto your self and never to speak what you do not think Trust to Truth rather than to your Memory for this may fail you that will never rule XV Pray much and very fervently for all your Parishioners and all men that belong to you and all that belong to God but especially for the Conversion of Souls
believing his Word praying for his Spirit supported with his Hope refreshed by his Promises recreated by his Comforts and wholly and in all things conformable to his Life that is the true Communion The Sacraments are not made for Sinners until they do repent they are the food of our Souls but our Souls must be alive unto God or else they cannot eat It is good to confess our sins as St. James sayes and to open our wounds to the Ministers of Religion but they absolve none but such as are are truly penitent Solemn Prayers and the Sacraments and the Assemblies of the Faithful and fasting days and acts of external worship are the solemnities and rites of Religion but the Religion of a Christian is in the Heart and Spirit And this is that by which Clemens Alexandrinus defined the Righteousness of a Christian 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 all the parts and faculties that make up a man must make up our Religion but the heart is Domus principalis it is the Court of the great King and he is properly served with interior graces and moral Vertues with a humble and a good mind with a bountiful heart and a willing Soul and these will command the eye and give laws to the hand and make the shoulders stoop but anima cujusque est quisque a mans soul is the man and so is his Religion and so you are bound to understand it True it is God works in us his Graces by the Sacrament but we must dispose our selves to a reception of the Divine blessing by Moral instruments The Soul is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it must work together with God and the body works together with the soul But no external action can purifie the soul because its Nature and Operations being Spiritual it can no more be changed by a Ceremony or an external Solemnity than an Angel can be caressed with sweet Meats or a a Mans belly can be filled with Musick or long Orations The sum is this No Christian does his Duty to God but he that serves him with all his heart And although it becomes us to fulfil all righteousness even the external also yet that which makes us gracious in his Eyes is not the external it is the love of the heart and the real change of the mind and obedience of the spirit that 's the first great measure of the Righteousness Evangelical 2. The Righteousness Evangelical must exceed that of the Scribes and Pharisees by extension of our Obedience to things of the same signification Leges non ex verbis sed ex mente intelligendas sayes the Law There must be a Commentary of kindness in the understanding the Laws of Christ. We must understand all Gods meaning we must secure his service we must be far removed from the dangers of his displeasure And therefore our Righteousness must be the purification and the perfection of the Spirit So that it will be nothing for us not to commit Adultery unless our Eyes and Hands be chast and the desires be clean A Christian must not look upon a woman to lust after her He must hate Sin in all dimensions and in all distances and in every angle of its reception A Christian must not sin and he must not be willing to sin if he durst He must not be lustful and therefore he must not feed high nor drink deep for these make provisions for lust and amongst Christians great eatings and drinkings are acts of uncleanness as well as of intemperance and whatever ministers to sin and is the way of it partakes of its nature and its curse For it is remarkable that in good and evil the case is greatly different Mortification e. g is a duty of Christianity but there is no Law concerning the Instruments of it We are not commanded to roll our selves on thorns as St. Benedict did or to burn our flesh like St. Martinian or to tumble in Snows with St. Francis or in pools of water with St. Bernard A man may chew Aloes or ly upon the ground or wear sackcloth if he have a mind to it and if he finds it good in his circumstances and to his purposes of mortification but it may be he may do it alone by the Instrumentalities of Fear and Love and so the thing be done no special Instrument is under a command * But although the Instruments of vertue are free yet the Instruments and ministeries of vice are not Not only the sin is forbidden but all the wayes that lead to it The Instruments of vertue are of themselves indifferent that is not naturally but good only for their relation sake and in order to their end But the Instruments of vice are of themselves vitious they are part of the sin they have a share in the phantastick pleasure and they begin to estrange a mans heart from God and are directly in the prohibition For we are commanded to fly from temptation to pray against it to abstain from all appearances of evil to make a covenant with our eyes to pluck them out if there be need And if Christians do not understand the Commandments to this extension of signification they will be innocent only by the measures of humane Laws but not by the righteousness of God 3. Of the same consideration it is also that we understand Christs Commandments to extend our Duty not only to what is named and what is not named of the same nature and design but that we abstain from all such things as are like to sins * Of this nature there are many All violences of Passion Irregularities in Gaming Prodigality of our time Undecency of action doing things unworthy of our Birth or our Profession aptness to go to Law Ambitus or a fierce prosecution even of honourable employments misconstruction of the words and actions of our brother easiness to believe evil of others willingness to report the evil which we hear curiosity of Dyet peevishness toward servants indiscreet and importune standing for place and all excess in ornaments for even this little instance is directly prohibited by the Christian and Royal Law of Charity For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith S. Paul the word is a word hard to be understood we render it well enough Charity vaunteth not it self and upon this S. Basil says that an Ecclesiastick person and so every Christian in his proportion ought not to go in splendid and vain Ornaments 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Every thing that is not wisely useful or proportioned to the state of the Christian but ministers only to vanity is a part of this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it is a vaunting which the Charity and the Grace of a Christian does not well endure * These things are like to sins they are of a suspicious nature and not easily to be reconcil'd to the Righteousness Evangelical It is no wonder if Christianity be nice and curious it is the cleanness and the purification of the Soul and Christ intends
to alter that Form of Church Government which Christ and his Apostles had so recently established and without a Divine Warrant destroy a Divine Institution not only to the confusion of the Hierarchy but to the ruine of their own Souls It were strange that so great a change should be and no good man oppose it In toto orbe decretum est so S. Hierom All the world consented in the advancement of the Episcopal Order And therefore if we had no more to say for it yet in prudence and piety we cannot say they would innovate in so great a matter But I shall enter no further upon this enquiry only I remember that it is not very many months since the Bigots of the Popish party cryed out against us vehemently and enquired Where is your Church of England since you have no Vnity for your Ecclesiastick head of Vnity your Bishops are gone And if we should be desirous to verifie their Argument so as indeed to destroy Episcopacy we should too much advantage Popery and do the most imprudent and most impious thing in the world But blessed be God who hath restored that Government for which our late King of glorious memory gave his blood And that methinks should very much weigh with all the Kings true hearted Subjects who should make it Religion not to rob that glorious Prince of the greatest honour of such a Martyrdom For my part I think it fit to rest in these words of another Martyr S. Cyprian Si quis cum Episcopo non sit in Ecclesia non esse He that is not with the Bishop is not in the Church that is he that goes away from him and willingly separates departs from Gods Church and whether he can then be with God is a very material consideration and fit to be thought on by all that think Heaven a more eligible good than the interests of a Faction and the importune desire of rule can countervail However I have in the following Papers spoken a few things which I hope may be fit to perswade them that are not infinitely prejudiced and although two or three good Arguments are as good as two or three hundred yet my purpose here was to prove the dignity and necessity of the Office and Order Episcopal only that it might be as an Oeconomy to convey notice and remembrances of the great duty incumbent upon all them that undertake this great charge The Dignity and the Duty take one another by the hand and are born together only every Sheep of the Flock must take care to make the Bishops Duty as easie as it can by Humility and Love by Prayer and by Obedience It is at the best very difficult but they who oppose themselves to Government make it harder and uncomfortable But take heed if they Bishop hath cause to complain to God of thee for thy perversness and uncharitable walking thou wilt be the loser and for us we can only say in the words of the Prophet We will weep day and night for the slain of the daughter of my people But our comfort is in God for we can do nothing without him but in him we can do all things And therefore we will pray Domine dabis pacem nobis omnia enim opera nostra operatus es in nobis God hath wrought all our works within us and therefore he will give us peace and give us his Spirit Finally Brethren pray for us that the word of the Lord may have free course and be glorified even as it is with you and that we may be delivered from unreasonable and wicked men for all men have not Faith A Consecration Sermon Preached at DUBLIN SERM. IV. Luke XII 42. And the Lord said Who then is that faithful and wise Steward whom his Lord shall make Ruler over his Houshold to give them their portion of meat in due season verse 43 Blessed is that Servant whom his Lord when he cometh shall find so doing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THese words are not properly a question though they seem so and the particle 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is not interrogative but hypothetical and extends who to whosoever plainly meaning that whoever is a Steward over Christs houshold of him God requires a great care because he hath trusted him with a great employment Every Steward 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so it is in S. Matthew * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so it is in my Text Every Steward whom the Lord hath or shall appoint over the Family to rule it and to feed it now and in all generations of men as long as this Family shall abide on earth that is the Apostles and they who were to succeed the Apostles in the Stewardship were to be furnished with the same power and to undertake the same charge and to give the same strict and severe accounts In these words here is something insinuated and much expressed 1. That which is insinuated only is who these Stewards are whom Christ had whom Christ would appoint over his Family the Church they are not here named but we shall find them out by their proper direction and indigitation by and by 2. But that which is expressed is the Office it self in a double capacity 1. In the dignity of it It is a Rule and Government whom the Lord shall make Ruler over his Houshold 2. In the care and duty of it which determines the Government to be paternal and profitable it is a rule but such a rule as Shepherds have over their flocks to lead them to good pastures and to keep them within their appointed walks and within their folds 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that 's the work to give them a measure and proportion of nourishment 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so S. Matthew calls it meat in the season that which is fit for them and when it is fit meat enough and meat convenient and both together mean that which the Greek Poets call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the strong wholsom dyet 3. Lastly Here is the reward of the faithful and wise dispensation The Steward that does so and continues to do so till his Lord find him so doing this man shall be blessed in his deed Blessed is the Servant whom his Lord when he cometh shall find so doing Of these in order 1. Who are these Rulers of Christs Family for though Christ knew it and therefore needed not to ask yet we have disputed it so much and obeyed so little that we have changed the plain hypothesis into an intangled question The answer yet is easie as to some part of the inquiry The Apostles are the first meaning of the Text for they were our Fathers in Christ they begat Sons and Daughters unto God and were a spiritual paternity is evident we need look no further for spiritual Government because in the Paternal Rule all Power is founded they begat the Family by the power of the Word and the life of the Spirit and
hand he therefore espying this put his house in order and had lately visited his Diocese and done what he then could to put his Charge in order for he had a good while since received the sentence of death within himself and knew he was shortly to render an account of his stewardship he therefore upon a brisk alarm of death which God sent him the last January made his Will in which besides the prudence and presence of spirit manifested in making just and wise settlement of his Estate and provisions for his Descendants at midnight and in the trouble of his sickness and circumstances of addressing death still kept a special sentiment and made confession of Gods admirable mercies and gave thanks that God had permitted him to live to see the blessed Restauration of His Majesty and the Church of England confessed his Faith to be the same as ever gave praises to God that he was born and bred up in this Religion and prayed to God and hoped he should die in the Communion of this Church which he declar'd to be the most pure and Apostolical Church in the whole World He prayed to God to pardon his frailties and infirmities relied upon the mercies of God and the merits of Jesus Christ and with a singular sweetness resigned up his soul into the hands of his Redeemer But God who is the great Choragus and Master of the Scenes of Life and Death was not pleased then to draw the Curtains there was an Epilogue to his Life yet to be acted and spoken He returned to actions and life and went on in the methods of the same procedure as before was desirous still to establish the affairs of the Church complained of some disorders which he purposed to redress girt himself to the work but though his spirit was willing yet his flesh was weak and as the Apostles in the Vespers of Christs Passion so he in the eye of his own Dissolution was heavy not to sleep but heavy unto death and looked for the last warning which seized on him in the midst of business and though it was sudden yet it could not be unexpected or unprovided by surprize and therefore could be no other than that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which Augustus used to wish unto himself a civil and well-natured death without the amazement of troublesome circumstances or the great cracks of a falling house or the convulsions of impatience Seneca tells that Bassus Aufidius was wont to say Sperare se nullum dolorem esse in illo extremo anhelitu si tamen esset habere aliquantum in ipsa brevitate solatii He hoped that the pains of the last Dissolution were little or none or if they were it was full of comfort that they could be but short It happened so to this excellent man his Passive Fortitude had been abundantly tried before and therefore there was the less need of it now his active Graces had been abundantly demonstrated by the great and good things he did and therefore his last scene was not so laborious but God called him away something after the manner of Moses which the Jews express by Osculum oris Dei the Kiss of Gods mouth that is a death indeed fore-signified but gentle and serene and without temptation To sum up all He was a wise Prelate a learned Doctor a just Man a true Friend a great Benefactor to others a thankful Beneficiary where he was obliged himself He was a faithful Servant to his Masters a Loyal Subject to the King a zealous Assertor of his Religion against Popery on one side and Fanaticism on the other The practice of his Religion was not so much in Forms and exteriour Ministries though he was a great observer of all the publick Rites and Ministries of the Church as it was in doing good for others He was like Myson whom the Scythian Anarchasis so greatly praised 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he governed his Family well he gave to all their due of maintenance and duty he did great benefit to mankind he had the fate of the Apostle S. Paul he passed through evil report and good report as a deceiver and yet true He was a man of great business and great resort Semper aliquis in Cydonis domo as the Corinthians said There was always somebody in Cydons house He was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he divided his life into labour and his book he took care of his Churches when he was alive and even after his death having left 500 l. for the Repair of his Cathedral of Armagh and S. Peters Church in Drogheda He was an excellent Scholar and rarely well accomplished first instructed to great excellency by natural parts and then consummated by study and experience Melanchthon was used to say that himself was a Logician Pomeranus a Grammarian Justus Jonas an Orator but that Luther was all these It was greatly true of him that the single perfections which make many men eminent were united in this Primate and made him illustrious At at Quintilium perpetuus sopor Vrget cui pudor justitiae soror Incorrupta fides nudaque veritas Quando ullum invenient parem It will be hard to find his Equal in all things Fortasse tanquam Phoenix anno quingentesimo nascitur that I may use the words of Seneca nec est mirum ex intervallo magna generari mediocria in turbam nascentia saepe fortuna producit eximia vero ipsa raritate commendat For in him was visible the great lines of Hooker's Judiciousness of Jewel's Learning of the acuteness of Bishop Andrews He was skilled in more great things than one and as one said of Phidias he could not only make excellent Statues of Ivory but he could work in Stone and Brass He shewed his Equanimity in Poverty and his Justice in Riches he was useful in his Country and profitable in his Banishment for as Paraeus was at Anvilla Luther at Wittenburg S. Athanasius and S. Chrysostom in their Banishment S. Hierom in his retirement at Bethlehem they were Oracles to them that needed it so was he in Holland and France where he was abroad and beside the particular endearments which his friends received from him for he did do relief to his brethren that wanted and supplied the Souldiers out of his store in Yorkshire when himself could but ill spare it but he received publick thanks from the Convocation of which he was President and publick Justification from the Parliament where he was Speaker so that although as one said Miraculi instar vitae iter si longum sine offensione percurrere yet no man had greater Enemies and no man had greater justifications But God hath taken our Elijah from our heads this day I pray God that at least his Mantle may be left behind and that his Spirit may be doubled upon his Successor and that we may all meet together with him at the right hand of the Lamb where every man shall receive according
a vice that she might only see it and loath it but never taste of it so much as to be put to her choice whether she would be virtuous or no. God intending to secure this Soul to himself would not suffer the follies of the world to seize upon her by way of too neer a trial or busie temptation 3. She was married young and besides her businesses of Religion seemed to be ordained in the providence of God to bring to this honourable Family a part of a fair Fortune and to leave behind her a fairer Issue worth ten thousand times her Portion And as if this had been all the publick business of her life when she had so far served Gods ends God in mercy would also serve hers and take her to an early blessedness 4. In passing through which line of providence she had the art to secure her eternal Interest by turning her Condition into Duty and expressing her Duty in the greatest eminency of a virtuous prudent and rare affection that hath been known in any example I will not give her so low a testimony as to say only that she was chast She was a Person of that severity modesty and close Religion as to that particular that she was not capable of uncivil temptation and you might as well have suspected the Sun to smell of the Poppy that he looks on as that she could have been a person apt to be sullied by the breath of a soul question 5. But that which I shall note in her is that which I would have exemplar to all Ladies and to all Women She had a love so great for her Lord so intirely given up to a dear affection that she thought the same things and loved the same loves and hated according to the same enmities and breathed in his soul and lived in his presence and languished in his absence and all that she was or did was only for and to her dearest Lord Si gaudet si flet St tacet hunc loquitur Coenat propinat poscit negat innuit unus Naevius est And although this was a great enamel to the beauty of her Soul yet it might in some degrees be also a reward to the Virtue of her Lord For she would often discourse it to them that convers'd with her that he would improve that interest which he had in her affection to the advantages of God and of Religion and she would delight to say that he called her to her Devotions he encouraged her good inclinations he directed her piety he invited her with good Books and then she loved Religion which she saw was not only pleasing to God and an act or state of duty but pleasing to her Lord and an act also of affection and conjugal obedience and what at first she loved the more forwardly for his sake in the using of Religion left such relishes upon her spirit that she found in it amability enough to make her love it for its own So God usually brings us to him by instruments of nature and affections and then incorporates us into his Inheritance by the more immediate relishes of Heaven and the secret things of the Spirit He only was under God the light of her eyes and the cordial of her spirits and the guide of her actions and the measure of her affections till her affections swell'd up into a Religion and then it could go no higher but was confederate with those other duties which made her dear to God which rare combination of Duty and Religion I chuse to express in the words of Solomon She forsook not the guide of her youth nor brake the Covenant of her God 6. As she was a rare Wife so she was an excellent Mother For in so tender a constitution of spirit as hers was and in so great a kindness towards her Children there hath seldom been seen a stricter and more curious care of their persons their deportment their nature their disposition their learning and their customs And if ever kindness and care did contest and make parties in her yet her care and her severity was ever victorious and she knew not how to do an ill turn to their severer part by her more tender and forward kindness And as her custom was she turned this also into love to her Lord For she was not only diligent to have them bred nobly and religiously but also was careful and sollicitous that they should be taught to observe all the circumstances and inclinations the desires and wishes of their Father as thinking that virtue to have no good circumstances which was not dressed by his copy and ruled by his lines and his affections And her prudence in the managing her children was so singular and rare that when ever you mean to bless this family and pray a hearty and a profitable prayer for it beg of God that the children may have those excellent things which she designed to them and provided for them in her heart and wishes that they may live by her purposes and may grow thither whither she would fain have brought them All these were great parts of an excellent Religion aâ— they concerned her greatest temporal relations 7. But if we examine how she demeaned her self towards God there also you will find her not of a common but of an exemplar piety She was a great reader of Scripture confining her self to great portions every day which she read not to the purposes of vanity and impertinent curiosities not to seem knowing or to become talking not to expound and rule but to teach her all her duty to instruct her in the knowledge and love of God and of her Neighbours to make her more humble and to teach her to despise the world and all its gilded vanities and that she might entertain passions wholly in design and order to Heaven I have seen a female Religion that wholly dwelt upon the face and tongue that like a wanton and an undressed tree spends all its juice in suckers and irregular branches in leafs and gum and after all such goodly outsides you should never eat an Apple or be delighted with the beauties or the perfumes of a hopeful blossom But the Religion of this excellent Lady was of another constitution It took root downward in humility and brought forth fruit upward in the substantial graces of a Christian in Charity and Justice in Chastity and Modesty in fair Friendships and sweetness of Society She had not very much of the forms and outsides of godliness but she was hugely careful for the power of it for the moral essential and useful parts such which would make her be not seem to be religious 8. She was a very constant person at her prayers and spent all her time which Nature did permit to her choice in her devotions and reading and meditating and the necessary offices of houshold Government every one of which is an action of Religion some by nature some by adoption To these also
and design of their persons God sent them to bring the people from sin and not to be like so many Jeroboams the Sons of Nebat to set forward the Devils Kingdom to make the people to transgress the Covenant of their God For they who live more by example than by precept will more easily follow the works of their Minister than the words of God and few men will aspire to be more righteous than their guide they think it well if they be as he is and hence it is no wonder that we see iniquity so popular Oppida tota canem venerantur nemo Dianam every man runs after his lusts and after his money because they see too many of the Clergy little looking after the ways of godliness But then consider let all such persons consider 5. That the accounts which an ungodly and an irreligious Minister of Religion shall make must needs be intolerable when besides the damnation which shall certainly be inflicted upon them for the sins of their own lives they shall also reckon for all the dishonours they do to God and to Religion and for all the sins of the people which they did not in all just ways endeavour to hinder and all the sins which their Flocks have committed by their evil example and undisciplin'd lives 6. I have but two words more to say in this affair 1. Every Minister that lives an evil life is that person whom our Blessed Saviour means under the odious appellative of a Hireling For he is not the hireling that receives wages or that lives of the Altar sine farinâ non est lex said the DD. of the Jews without bread-corn no man can preach the Law and S. Paul though he spared the Corinthians yet he took wages of other Churches of all but in the Regions of Achaia and the Law of Nature and the Law of the Gospel have taken care that he that serves at the Altar should live of the Altar and he is no hireling for all that but he is a hireling that does not do his duty he that flies when the Wolf comes says Christ he that is not present with them in dangers that helps them not to resist the Devil to master their temptations to invite them on to piety to gain souls to Christ to him it may be said as the Apostle did of the Gnosticks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gain to them is godliness and Theology is but artificium venale a trade of life to fill the belly and keep the body warm An cuiquam licere putas quod cuivis non licet Is any thing lawful for thee that is not lawful for every man and if thou dost not mind in thy own case whether it be lawful or no then thou dost but sell Sermons and give Counsel at a price and like a flye in the Temple taste of every Sacrifice but do nothing but trouble the religious Rites for certain it is no man takes on him this Office but he either seeks those things which are his own or those things which are Jesus Christs and if he does this he is a Minister of Jesus Christ if he does the other he is the hireling and intends nothing but his belly and God shall destroy both it and him 7. Lastly These things I have said unto you that ye sin not but this is not the great thing here intended you may be innocent and yet not zealous of good works but if you be not this you are not Good Ministers of Jesus Christ But that this is infinitely your duty and indispensably incumbent on you all besides the express words of my Text and all the precepts of Christ and his Apostles we have the concurrent sence of the whole Church the Laws and expectations of all the world requiring of the Clergy a great and an examplar sanctity for g. it is that upon this necessity is founded the Doctrine of all Divines in their Discourses of the states and orders of Religion of which you may largely inform your selves in Gerson's Treatise De perfectione Religionis in Aquinas 22. q. 184. and in all his Scholars upon that Question the sum of which is this That all those institutions of Religions which S. Anselm calls factitias Religiones that is the Schools of Discipline in which men forsaking the world give themselves up wholly to a pious life they are indeed very excellent if rightly performed they are status perfectionis acquirendae they are excellent institutions for the acquiring perfection but the state of the superior Clergy is status perfectionis exercendae they are states which suppose perfection to be already in great measures acquired and then to be exercised not only in their own lives but in the whole Oeconomy of their Office and g. as none are to be chosen but those who have given themselves up to the strictness of a holy life so far as can be known so none do their duty so much as tolerably but those who by an exemplar sanctity become patterns to their Flocks of all good works Herod's Doves could never have invited so many strangers to their Dove-cotes if they had not been besmeared with Opobalsamum But 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 said Didymus make your Pigeons smell sweet and they will allure whole Flocks and if your life be excellent if your virtues be like a precious oyntment you will soon invite your Charges to run in odorem unguentorum after your precious odours But you must be excellent not tanquam unus de populo but tanquam homo Dei you must be a man of God not after the common manner of men but after Gods own heart and men will strive to be like you if you be like to God but when you only stand at the door of virtue for nothing but to keep sin out you will draw into the folds of Christ none but such as fear drives in Ad majorem Dei gloriam to do what will most glorifie God that 's the line you must walk by for to do no more than all men needs must is servility not so much as the affection of Sons much less can you be Fathers to the people when you go not so far as the Sons of God for a dark Lanthorn though there be a weak brightness on one side will scarce inlighten one much less will it conduct a multitude or allure many followers by the brightness of its flame And indeed the Duty appears in this that many things are lawful for the people which are scandalous in the Clergy you are tied to more abstinences to more severities to more renunciations and self-denials you may not with that freedom receive secular contentments that others may you must spend more time in Prayers your Alms must be more bountiful your hands more open your hearts enlarged others must relieve the poor you must take care of them others must shew themselves their brethren but you must be their Fathers they must pray frequently and fervently but you
that they should put more affections to labour and travel and less to their pleasure and recreation and so it was with the Pharisee For as the Chaldees taught their Moraâ—â—â—y by mystick words and the Aegyptians by Hieroglyphicks and the Greeks by Fables so did God by Rites and Ceremonies external leading them by the Hand to the Purities of the Heart and by the Services of the Body to the Obedience of the Spirit which because they would not understand they thought they had done enough in the observation of the Letter 2. In moral Duties where God express'd Himself more plainly they made no Commentary of kindness but regarded the Prohibition so nakedly and divested of all Antecedents Consequents Similitudes and Proportions that if they stood clear of that hated name which was set down in Moses Tables they gave themselves liberty in many instances of the same kindred and alliance If they abstained from murder they thought it very well though they made no scruple of murdering their Brothers Fame they would not cut his throat but they would call him Fool or invent lies in secret and publish his disgrace openly they would not dash out his brains but they would be extremely and unreasonably angry with him they would not steal their brothers money but they would oppress him in crafty and cruel bargains The Commandment forbade them to commit Adultery but because Fornication was not named they made no scruple of that and being commanded to Honour their Father and their Mother they would give them good words and fair observances but because it was not named that they should maintain them in their need they thought they did well enough to pretend Corban and let their Father starve 3. The Scribes and Pharisees placed their Righteousness in Negatives they would not commit what was forbidden but they car'd but little for the included positive and the omissions of good Actions did not much trouble them they would not hurt their brother in a forbidden instance but neither would they do him good according to the intention of the Commandment It was a great innocence if they did not rob the poor then they were righteous men but they thought themselves not much concerned to acquire that god-like excellency a Philanthropy and love to all mankind Whosoever blasphem'd God was to be put to death but he that did not glorifie God as he ought they were unconcern'd for him and let him alone He that spake against Moses was to die without mercy but against the ambitious and the covetous against the proud man and the unmerciful they made no provisions Virtus est vitium fugere sapientia prima Stultitiâ caruisse They accounted themselves good not for doing good but for doing no evil that was the sum of their Theology 4. They had one thing more as bad all this They broke Moses Tables into pieces and gathering up the fragments took to themselves what part of Duty they pleased and let the rest alone For it was a Proverb amongst the Jews Qui operam dat praecepto liber est à praecepto that is If he chuses one positive Commandment for his business he may be less careful in any of the rest Indeed they said also Qui multiplicat Legem multiplicat Vitam He that multiplies the Law increaâ—â—s Life that is if he did attend to more good things it was so much the bâ—tter but the other was well enough but as for Universal Obedience that was not the measure of their righteousness for they taught that God would put our good works and bad into the balance and according to the heavier scale give a portion in the world to come so that some evil they would allow to themselves and their Disciples always provided it was less than the good they did They would devour Widows houses and make it up by long Prayers They would love their Nation and hate their Prince offer Sacrifice and curse Caesar in their heart advance Judaism and destroy Humanity Lastly St. Austin summ'd up the difference between the Pharisaical and Evangelical Righteousness in two words Brevis differentia inter Legem Evangelium timor amor They serv'd the God of their Fathers in the spirit of Fear and we worship the Father of our Lord Jesus in the Spirit of Love and by the Spirit of Adoption And as this slavish Principle of theirs was the cause of all their former Imperfections so it finally and chiefly express'd it self in these two particulars 1. They would do all that they thought they lawfully could do 2. They would do nothing but what was expresly commanded This was the Righteousness of the Scribes and Pharisees and their Disciples the Jews which because our Blessed Saviour reproves not only as imperfect then but as criminal now calling us on to a new Righteousness the Righteousness of God to the Law of the Spirit of Life to the Kingdom of God and the proper Righteousness thereof it concerns us in the next place to look after the measures of this ever remembring that it is infinitely necessary that we should do so and men do not generally know or not consider what it is to be a Christian they understand not what the Christian Law forbiddeth or commandeth But as for this in my Text it is indeed our great measure but it is not a question of good and better but of Good and Evil Life and Death Salvation and Damnation for unless our Righteousness be weighed by new Weights we shall be found too light when God comes to weigh the Actions of all the World and unless we be more righteous than they we shall in no wise that is upon no other terms in the world enter into the Kingdom of Heaven Now concerning this we shall do very much amiss if we take our measures by the Manners and Practises of the many who call themselves Christians for there are as Nazianzen expresses it the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the old and the new Pharisees I wish it were no worse amongst us and that all Christians were indeed Righteous as they were est aliquid prodire tenus it would not be just nothing But I am sure that to bid defiance to the Laws of Christ to laugh at Religion to make a merriment at the debauchery and damnation of our Brother is a state of evil worse than that of the Scribes and Pharisees and yet even among such men how impatient would they be and how unreasonable would they think you to be if you should tell them that there is no present hopes or possibility that in this state they are in they can be saved 〈…〉 â—demur nobis esse belluli 〈…〉 Saperdae cum simus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈…〉 world is too full of Christians whose Righteousness is very little 〈…〉 their Iniquities very great and now adays a Christian is a man 〈…〉 to Church on Sundays and on the week following will do 〈…〉 things 〈◊〉 corvos sequitur
to present his Church to God 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 without spot or wrinkle or any such thing N. B. or any such thing If there be any irregularity that is less than a wrinkle the Evangelical Righteousness does not allow it * These are such things which if men will stand to defend possibly a modest Reprover be more ashamed than an impudent Offender * If I see a person apt to quarrel to take every thing in an ill sence to resent an error deeply to reprove it bitterly to remember it tenaciously to repeat it frequently to upbraid it unhandsomly I think I have great reason to say that this person does not do what becomes the sweetness of a Christian Spirit If it be replied It is no where forbidden to chide an offending person and that it cannot be a fault to understand when a thing is said or done amiss I cannot return an answer but by saying That suppose nothing of it were a sin yet that every thing of it is so like a sin that it is the worse for it and that it were better not to do so at least I think so and so ought you too if you be curious of your eternal interest a little more tenderness here would do well I cannot say that this dress or this garment or this standing for place is the direct sin of pride but I am sure it looks like it in some persons at least the letting it alone is much better and is very like humility And certain it is that he is dull of hearing who understands not the voice of God unless it be clamorous in an express and a loud Commandment proclaimed with Trumpets and Clarions upon mount Sinai but a willing and an obedient ear understands the still voice of Christ and is ready to obey his meaning at half a word and that is the Righteousness Evangelical It not only abstains from sins named and sins implied but from the beginnings and instruments of sin and from whatsoever is like it The Jews were so great haters of Swine upon pretensions of the Mosacik rites that they would not so much as name a Swine but called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Daber Acher another thing And thus the Romans in their Auguries us'd alterum for non bonum The simile of this St. Paul translates to a Christian duty Let not fornication be so much as named amongst you 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as is comely amongst Christians that is come not neer a foul thing speak not of it let it be wholly banished from all your conversation for this niceness and curiosity of duty becometh Saints and is an instance of the Righteousness Evangelical I have now done with the first sort of measures of the Christian Righteousness these which are the matter of our negative duty these are the measures of our caution and our first innocence But there are greater things behind which although I must croud up into a narrow room yet I must not wholly omit them therefore 4. The fourth thing I shall note to you is that whereas the righteousness of the Pharisees was but a fragment of the broken Tables of Moses the pursuance of some one Grace laoinia sanctitatis a piece of the robe of Righteousness the Righteousness Evangelical must be like Christs seamless Coat all of a piece from the top to the bottom it must invest the whole Soul Misma Dumah Massah said the Proverb of the Rabbins It is this and it is the other and it must be all it must be an Universal Righteousness not a little knot of holy actions scattered in our lives and drawn into a sum at the day of Judgment but it must be a state of holiness It was said of the Paphlagonian Pigeons 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 every one of them had two hearts but that in our mystical Theology signifies a wicked man So said Solomon The perverse or wicked man derachaim he is a man of two wayes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so St. James expresses an unbeliever a man that will and will not something he does for God and something for the world he hath two minds and in a good fit in his well dayes he is full of Repentance and overflows in piety but the Paroxism will return in the day of temptation and then he is gone infallibly But know this that in the Righteousness Evangelical one duty cannot be exchanged for another and three vertues will not make amends for one remaining vice He that oppresses the poor cannot make amends by giving good Counsel and if a Priest be Simonaical he cannot be esteemed righteous before God by preaching well and taking care of his Charge To be zealous for God and for Religion is good but that will not legitimate cruelty to our Brother It is not enough for a man to be a good Citizen unless he be also a good man but some men build their houses with half a dozen cross sticks and turfe is the foundation and straw is the covering and they think they dwell securely their Religion is made up of two or three vertues and they think to commute with God some good for some bad 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as if one deadly wound were not enough to destroy the most healthful constitution in the world Deceive not your selves It is all one on which hand we fall Vnum operantur Et calor frigus sic hoc sic illud adurit Sic tenebrae visum sic sol contrarius aufert The Moon may burn us by night as well as the Sun by day and a man may be made blind by the light of the Sun as well as by the darkness of the evening and any one great mischief is enough to destroy one man Some men are very meek and gentle naturally and that they serve God withal they pursue the vertue of their nature that is they tye a stone at the bottom of the well and that 's more than needs the stone will stay there without that trouble and this good inclination will of it self easily proceed to issue and therefore our care and caution should be more carefully employed in mortification of our natures and acquist of such vertues to which we are more refractory and then cherish the other too even as much as we please but at the same time we are busie in this it may be we are secret Adulterers and that will spoil our confidences in the goodness of the other instance others are greatly bountiful to the poor and love all mankind and hurt no body but themselves but it is a thousand pities to see such loving good natured persons to perish infinitely by one crime and to see such excellent good things thrown away to please an uncontrolled and a stubborn lust but so do some escape out of a pit and are taken in a trap at their going forth and stepping aside to avoid the hoar Frost fall into a Valley full of Snow The Righteousness Evangelical is another kind of
thing it is a holy Conversation a God-like life an Universal Obedience a keeping nothing back from God a Sanctification of the whole man and keeps not the Body only but the Soul and the Spirit unblamable to the coming of the Lord Jesus 5. And lastly The Pharisaical Righteousness was the product of fear and therefore what they must needs do that they would do but no more But the Righteousness Evangelical is produced by Love it is managed by Choice and cherished by Delight and fair Experiences Christians are a willing people homines bonae voluntatis men of good will arbores Domini So they are mystically represented in Scripture the Trees of the Lord are full of Sap among the Hebrews the Trees of the Lord did signifie such trees as grew of themselves and all that are of Gods planting are such as have a vital principal within and grow without constraint 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 one said it of Christians they obey the Laws and by the goodness of their lives exceed the Laws and certain it is no man hath the Righteousness Evangelical if he resolves alwayes to take all his liberty in every thing that is meerly lawful or if he purpose to do no more than he must needs that is no more than he is just commanded For the Reasons are plain 1. The Christian that resolves to do every thing that is Lawful will many times run into danger and inconvenience because the utmost extremity of Lawful is so near to that which is Unlawful that he will often pass into Unlawful undiscernably Vertues and Vices have not in all their instances a great Land-mark set between them like warlike Nations separate by prodigious Walls vast Seas and portentous Hills but they are oftentimes like the bounds of a Parish men are fain to cut a cross upon the turf and make little marks and annual perambulations for memorials so it is in Lawful and Unlawful by a little mistake a man may be greatly ruined He that drinks till his tongue is full as a spunge and his speech a little stammering and tripping hasty and disorderly though he be not gone as far as drunkenness yet he is gone beyond the severity of a Christian and when he is just past into Unlawful if he disputes too curiously he will certainly deceive himself for want of a wiser curiosity But 2. He that will do all that he thinks he may lawfully had need have an infallible guide always by him who should without error be able to answer all cases of Conscience which will happen every day in a life so careless and insecure for if he should be mistaken his error is his crime and not his excuse A man in this case had need be very sure of his Proposition which because he cannot be in charity to himself he will quickly find that he is bound to abstain from all things that are uncertainly good and from all disputable evils from things which although they may be in themselves lawful yet accidentally and that from a thousand causes may become unlawful Pavidus quippe formidolosus est Christianus saith Salvian atque in tantum peccare metuens ut interdum non timenda formidet A Christian is afraid of every little thing and he sometimes greatly fea◠that he hath sinned even then when he hath no other reason to be afraid but because he would not do so for all the world 3. He that resolves to use all his liberty cannot be innocent so long as there are in the world so many bold temptations and presumptuous actions so many scandals and so much ignorance in the things of God so many things that are suspicious and so many things that are of evil report so many ill customs and disguises in the world with which if we resolve to comply in all that is supposed lawful a man may be in the regions of death before he perceive his head to ake and instead of a staff in his hand may have a splinter in his Elbow 4. Besides all this he that thus stands on his terms with God and so carefully husbands his duty and thinks to make so good a market of obedience that he will quit nothing which he thinks he may lawfully keep shall never be exemplar in his life and shall never grow in grace and therefore shall never enter into glory He therefore that will be righteous by the measures Evangelical must consider not only what is lawful but what is expedient not only what is barely safe but what is worthy that which may secure and that which may do advantage to that concern that is the greatest in the world And 2. The case is very like with them that resolve to do no more good than is commanded them For 1. It is infinitely unprofitable as to our eternal interest because no man does do all that is commanded at all times and therefore he that will not sometimes do more besides that he hath no love no zeal of duty no holy fires in his soul besides this I say he can never make any amends towards the reparation of his Conscience Let him that stole steal no more that 's well but that 's not well enough for he must if he can make restitution of what he stole or he shall never be pardoned and so it is in all our entercourse with God To do what is commanded is the duty of the present we are tyed to this in every present in every period of our lives but therefore if we never do any more than just the present duty who shall supply the dificiencies and fill up the gaps and redeem what is past This is a material consideration in the Righteousness Evangelical But then 2. We must know that in keeping of Gods Commandments every degree of internal duty is under the Commandments and therefore whatever we do we must do it is as well as we can Now he that does his Duty with the biggest affection he can will also do all that he can and he can never know that he hath done what is commanded unless he does all that is in his power For God hath put no limit but love and possibility and therefore whoever says Hither will I go and no further This I will do and no more Thus much will I serve God but that shall be all he hath the affections of a Slave and the religion of a Pharisee the craft of a Merchant and the falseness of a Broker but he hath not the proper measures of the Righteousness Evangelical But so it happens in the mud and slime of the River Borborus when the eye of the Sun hath long dwelt upon it and produces Frogs and Mice which begin to move a little under a thin cover of its own parental matter and if they can get loose to live half a life that is all but the hinder parts which are not formed before the setting of the Sun stick fast in their beds of mud and the little
moyety of a creature dies before it could be well said to live so it is with those Christians who will do all that they think lawful and will do no more than what they suppose necessary they do but peep into the light of the Sun of righteousness they have the beginnings of life but their hinder parts their passions and affections and the desires of the lower man are still unformed and he that dwells in this state is just so much of a Christian as a Spunge is of a plant and a mushrom of a shrub they may be as sensible as an oyster and discourse at the rate of a child but are greatly short of the Righteousness Evangelical I have now done with those parts of the Christian Righteousness which were not only an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or excess but an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to the Pharisaical but because I ought not to conceal any thing from you that must integrate our duty and secure our title to the Kingdom of Heaven there is this to be added that this precept of our blessed Saviour is to be extended to the direct degrees of our duty We must do more duties and we must do them better And in this although we can have no positive measures because they are potentially infinite yet therefore we ought to take the best because we are sure the greatest is not too big and we are not sure that God will accept a worse when we can do a better Now although this is to be understood of the internal affection only because that must never be abated but God is at all times to be loved and served with all our heart yet concerning the degrees of external duty as Prayers and Alms and the like we are certainly tyed to a greater excellency in the degree than was that of the Scribes and Pharisees I am obliged to speak one word for the determination of this inquiry viz. to how much more of external duty Christians are obliged than was in the righteousness of the Scribes and Pharisees In order to this briefly thus I remember that Salvian speaking of old men summing up their Repentances and making amends for the sins of their whole life exhorts them to Alms and works of Piety But inquiring how much they should do towards the redeeming of their Souls answers with a little Sarcasm but plainly enough to give a wise man an answer A man sayes he is not bound to give away all his goods unless peradventure he owes all to God but in that case I cannot tell what to say for then the case is altered A man is not bound to part with all his estate that is unless his sins be greater than his estate but if they be then he may consider of it again and consider better And he need not part with it all unless pardon be more precious to him than his money and unless Heaven be worth it all and unless he knows justly how much less will do it If he does let him try his skill and pay just so much and no more than he owes to God but if he does not know let him be sure to do enough His meaning is this Not that a man is bound to give all he hath and leave his children beggars he is bound from that by another obligation But as when we are tyed to pray continually the meaning is we should consecrate all our time by taking good portions out of all our time for that duty the devoutest person being like the waters of Siloam a perpetual Spring but not a perpetual Current that is alwayes in readiness but actually thrusting forth his waters at certain periods every day So out of all our estate we must take for Religion and Repentance such portions as the whole estate can allow so much as will consecrate the rest so much as is fit to bring when we pray for a great pardon and deprecate a mighty anger and turn aside an intolerable fear and will purchase an excellent peace and will reconcile a sinner Now in this case a Christian is to take his measures according to the rate of his contrition and his love his Religion and his fear his danger and his expectation and let him measure his amends wisely his sorrow pouring in and his fear thrusting it down and it were very well if his love also would make it run over For deceive not your selves there is no other measure but this So much good as a man does or so much as he would do if he could so much of Religion and so much of repentance he hath and no more and a man cannot ordinarily know that he is in a saveable condition but by the Testimony which a Divine Philanthropy and a good mind alwaies gives which is to omit no opportunity of doing good in our several proportions and possibilities There was an Alms which the Scribes and Pharisees were obliged by the Law to give the tenth of every third years encrease this they alwayes paid and this sort of Alms is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Righteousness or Justice but the Alms which Christians ought to give is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and it is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it is grace and it is love and it is abundance and so the old Rabbins told Justitia propriè dicitur in iis quae jure facimus benignitas in iis quae praeter jus It is more than righteousness it is bounty and benignity for that 's the Christian measure And so it is in the other parts and instances of the Righteousness Evangelical And therefore it is remarkable that the Saints in the Old Testament were called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 right men and the Book of Genesis as we find it twice attested by S. Hierome was called by the Ancient Hellenists 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Book of right or just men the Book of Abraham Isaac and Jacob. But the word for Christians is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 good men harmless and profitable Men that are good and men that do good In pursuance of which it is further observed by learned men that the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or vertue is not in the four Gospels for the actions of Christs Disciples should not be in gradu virtutis only vertuous and laudable such as these Aristotle presses in his Magna Moralia they must pass on to a further excellency than so the same which he calls 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they must be sometimes and as often as we can in gradu heroico or that I may use the Christian style they must be actions of perfection Righteousness was the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for Alms in the Old Testament and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or perfection was the word for Alms in the New as appears by comparing the fifth of St. Matthew and the sixth of S. Luke together and that is the full state of this difference in the inquiries of the Righteousness Pharisaical and
therefore if you do believe this go to your prayers and go to your guards and go to your labour and try what God will do for you For whatsoever things ye desire when ye pray believe that ye shall receive them and ye shall have them Now consider Do not we every day pray in the Divine Hymn called Te Deum Vouchsafe O Lord to keep us this day without sin And in the Collect at morning prayer and grant that this day we fall into no sin neither run into any kind of danger but that all our doing may be ordered by thy governance to do alwayes that which is righteous in thy sight Have you any hope or any faith when you say that Prayer And if you do your duty as you can do you think the failure will be on Gods part Fear not that if you can trust in God and do accordingly though your sins were as scarlet yet they shall be as white as snow and pure as the feet of the holy Lamb. Only let us forsake all those weak propositions which cut the nerves of Faith and make it impossible for us to actuate all our good desires or to come out from the power of sin 2. He that would be free from the slavery of sin and the necessity of sinning must alwayes watch I that 's the point but who can watch alwayes Why every good man can watch alwayes and that we may not be deceived in this let us know that the running away from a temptation is a part of our watchfulness and every good employment is another great part of it and a laying in provisions of Reason and Religion before hand is yet a third part of this watchfulness and the conversation of a Christian is a perpetual watchfulness not a continual thinking of that one or those many things which may indanger us but it is a continual doing something directly or indirectly against sin He either prayes to God for his Spirit or relies upon the Promises or receives the Sacrament or goes to his Bishop for Counsel and a Blessing or to his Priest for Religious Offices or places himself at the feet of good Men to hear their wise sayings or calls for the Churches Prayers or does the duty of his calling or actually resists Temptation or frequently renews his holy Purposes or fortifies himself by Vows or searches into his danger by a daily examination so that in the whole he is for ever upon his guards * This duty and caution of a Christian is like watching lest a man cut his finger Wise men do not often cut their fingers and yet every day they use a knife and a mans eye is a tender thing and every thing can do it wrong and every thing can put it out yet because we love our eyes so well in the midst of so many dangers by Gods providence and a prudent natural care by winking when any thing comes against them and by turning aside when a blow is offered they are preserved so certainly that not one man in ten thousand does by a stroak lose one of his eyes in all his life time If we would transplant our natural care to a spiritual caution we might by Gods grace be kept from losing our souls as we are from losing our eyes and because a perpetual watchfulness is our great defence and the perpetual presence of Gods grace is our great security and that this Grace never leaves us unless we leave it and the precept of a dayly watchfulness is a thing not only so reasonable but so many easie wayes to be performed we see upon what terms we may be quit of our sins and more than Conquerors over all the Enemies and Impediments of Salvation 3. If you would be in the state of the Liberty of the Sons of God that is that you may not be servants of sin in any instance be sure in the mortifications of sin willingly or carelesly to leave no remains of it no nest-egg no principles of it no affections to it if any thing remains it will prove to us as Manna to the sons of Israel on the second day it will breed worms and stink Therefore labour against every part of it reject every proposition that gives it countenance pray to God against it all and what then Why then Ask and you shall have said Christ. Nay say some it is true you shall be heard but in part only for God will leave some remains of sin within us lest we should become proud by being innocent So vainly do men argue against Gods goodness and their own blessings and Salvation 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as S. Basil sayes they contrive witty arts to undo themselves being intangled in the periods of ignorant disputations But as to the thing it self if by the remains of sin they mean the propensities and natural inclinations to forbidden objects there is no question but they will remain in us so long as we bear our flesh about us and surely that is a great argument to make us humble But these are not the sins which God charges on his people But if by remains we mean any part of the habit of sin any affection any malice or perverseness of the Will then it is a contradiction to say that God leaves in us such remains of Sin lest by innocence we become Proud for how should Pride spring in a mans heart if there be no remains of Sin left And is it not the best the surest way to cure the Pride of our hearts by taking out every root of bitterness even the root of Pride it self Will a Physitian purposely leave the Reliques of a disease and pretend he does it to prevent a relapse And is it not more likely he will relapse if the sickness be not wholly cured * But besides this If God leaves any remains of Sin in us what remains are they and of what sins Does he leave the remains of Pride If so that were a strange cure to leave the remains of Pride in us to keep us from being proud But if not so but that all the remains of Pride be taken away by the grace of God blessing our endeavours what danger is there of being proud the remains of which Sin are by the grace of God wholly taken away But then if the Pride of the heart be cured which is the hardest to be removed and commonly is done last of all who can distrust the power of the Spirit of God or his goodness or his promises and say that God does not intend to cleanse his Sons and Servants from all unrighteousness and according to S. Pauls prayer keep their bodies and souls and spirits unblameable to the coming of the Lord Jesus But however let God leave what remains he please all will be well enough on that side but let us be careful as far as we can that we leave none lest it be severely imputed to us and the fire break out and consume us 4. Let
to redeem to himself a people zealous of good works and hath to this purpose reveal'd to us all his Fathers Will and destroyed the works of the Devil and gives us his holy Spirit and by him we shall be justified in this Obedience therefore when Works signifie a sincere hearty endeavour to keep all Gods Commands out of a belief in Christ that if we endeavour to do so we shall be helped by his grace and if we really do so we shall be pardoned for what is past and if we continue to do so we shall receive a Crown of Glory therefore it is no wonder that it is said we are to be justified by Works always meaning not the Works of the Law that is Works that are meritorious works that can challenge the reward works that need no mercy no repentance no humiliation and no appeal to grace and favour but always meaning works that are an obedience to God by the measures of good will and a sincere endeavour and the Faith of the Lord Jesus 3. But thus also it is in the word Justification For God is justified and Wisdom is justified and Man is justified and a sinner is not justified as long as he continues in sin and a sinner is justified when he repents and when he is pardoned and an innocent person is justified when he is declared to be no criminal and a righteous man is justified when he is saved and a weak Christian is justified when his imperfect Services are accepted for the present and himself thrust forward to more grace and he that is justified may be justified more and every man that is justified to one purpose is not so to all and Faith in divers sences gives Justification in as many and therefore though to every sence of Faith there is not always a degree of Justification in any yet when the Faith is such that Justification is the product and correspondent as that Faith may be imperfect so the Justification is but begun and either must proceed further or else as the Faith will dy so the Justification will come to nothing The like observation might be made concerning Imputation and all the words used in this Question but these may suffice till I pass to other particulars 4. Not only the word Faith but also Charity and Godliness and Religion signifie sometimes particular Graces and sometimes they suppose Universally and mean Conjugations and Unions of Graces as is evident to them that read the Scriptures with observation Now when Justification is attributed to Faith or Salvation to Godliness they are to be understood in the aggregate sence for that I may give but one instance of this when S. Paul speaks of Faith as it is a particular Grace and separate from the rest he also does separate it from all possibility of bringing us to Heaven Though I have all Faith so that I could remove Mountains and have no Charity I am nothing When Faith includes Charity it will bring us to Heaven when it is alone when it is without Charity it will do nothing at all 5. Neither can this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 be salved by saying That though Faith alone does justifie yet when she does justifie she is not alone but Good Works must follow for this is said to no purpose 1. Because if we be justified by Faith alone the work is done whether Charity does follow or no and therefore that want of Charity cannot hurt us 2. There can be no imaginable cause why Charity and Obedience should be at all necessary if the whole work can be done without it 3. If Obedience and Charity be not a condition of our Salvation then it is not necessary to follow Faith but if it be it does as much as Faith for that is but a part of the condition 4. If we can besaved without Charity and keeping the Commandments what need we trouble our selves for them if we cannot be saved without them then either Faith without them does not justifie or if it does we are never the better for we may be damned for all that Justification The Consequent of these Observations is briefly this 1. That no man should fool himself by disputing about the Philosophy of Justification and what causality Faith hath in it and whether it be the act of Faith that justifies or the habit Whether Faith as a Good Work or Faith as an Instrument Whether Faith as it is Obedience or Faith as it is an Access to Christ Whether as a Hand or as a Heart Whether by its own innate Vertue or by the efficacy of the Object Whether as a sign or as a thing signified Whether by introduction or by perfection Whether in the first beginnings or in its last and best productions Whether by inherent worthiness or adventitious imputation Vberiùs ista quaeso c. that I may use the words of Cicero haec enim spinosiora priùs ut confiteor me cogunt quam ut assentiar These things are knotty and too intricate to do any good they may amuse us but never instruct us and they have already made men careless and confident disputative and troublesome proud and uncharitable but neither wiser nor better Let us therefore leave these weak wayes of troubling our selves or others and directly look to the Theology of it the direct duty the end of Faith and the work of Faith the conditions and the instruments of our Salvation the just foundation of our hopes how our faith can destroy our sin and how it can unite us unto God how by it we can be made Partakers of Christs death and Imitators of his life For since it is evident by the premises that this article is not to be determined or relyed upon by arguing from words of many significations we must walk by a clearer light by such plain sayings and Dogmatical Propositions of Scripture which evidently teach us our duty and place our hopes upon that which cannot deceive us that is which require Obedience which call upon us to glorifie God and to do good to men and to keep all Gods Commandments with diligence and sincerity For since the end of our faith is that we may be Disciples and Servants of the Lord Jesus advancing his Kingdom here and partaking of it hereafter since we are commanded to believe what Christ taught that it may appear as reasonable as it is necessary to do what he hath commanded since Faith and works are in order one to the other it is impossible that Evangelical Faith and Evangelical works should be opposed one to the other in the effecting of our Salvation So that as it is to no purpose for Christians to dispute whether we are justified by Faith or the works of the Law that is the Covenant of works without the help of Faith and the auxiliaries and allowances of mercy on Gods part and repentance on ours because no Christian can pretend to this so it is perfectly foolish to dispute whether
cement Governments to establish Peace to propagate the Kingdom of Christ to do hurt to no man to do good to every man that is so to minister that Religion and Charity publick Peace and Private Blessings may be in their exaltation As long as it was thus done by the Primitive Bishops the Princes and the People gave them all honour Insomuch that by a Decree of Constantine the Great the Bishop had power given him to retract the Sentences made by the Presidents of Provinces and we find in the Acts of S. Nicholas that he rescued some innocent persons from death when the Executioner was ready to strike the fatal blow which thing even when it fell into inconvenience was indeed forbidden by Arcadius and Honorius but the confidence and honour was only changed it was not taken away for the condemned Criminal had leave to appeal to the Audientia Episcopalis to the Bishops Court This was not any right which the Bishops could challenge but a reward of their Piety and so long as the holy Office was holily administred the World found so much comfort and security so much justice and mercy so many temporal and spiritual Blessings consequent to the Ministries of that Order that as the Galatians to S. Paul men have plucked out their eyes to do them service and to do them honour For then Episcopacy did that good that God intended by it it was a Spiritual Government by Spiritual Persons for Spiritual Ends Then the Princes and the People gave them honours because they deserved and sought them not then they gave them wealth because they would dispend it wisely frugally and charitably Then they gave them power because it was sure to be used for the defence of the innocent for the relief of the oppressed for the punishment of evil doers and the reward of the virtuous Then they desired to be judged by them because their Audiences or Courts did 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they appeased all furious Sentences and taught gentle Principles and gave merciful Measures and in their Courts were all Equity and Piety and Christian Determinations But afterwards when they did fall 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 into secular methods and made their Counsels vain by pride and dirtied their sentences with money then they became like other men and so it will be unless the Bishops be more holy then other men but when our sanctity and severity shall be as eminent as the calling is then we shall be called to Councels and sit in publick meetings and bring comfort to private Families and rule in the hearts of men by a jus relationis such as was between the Roman Emperors and the Senate they courted one another into power and in giving honour strived to out-do each other for from an humble wise man no man will snatch an imployment that is honourable but from the proud and from the covetous every man endeavours to wrest it and thinks it lawful prize My time is now done and therefore I cannot speak to the third part of my text the reward of the good Steward and of the bad I shall only mention it to you in a short exhortation and so conclude In the Primitive Church a Bishop was never admitted to publick penance not only because in them every crime is ten and he that could discern a publick shame could not deserve a publick honor nor yet only because every such punishment was scandalous and did more evil by the example of the crime then it could do good by the example of the punishment but also because no spiritual power is higher then the Episcopal and therefore they were to be referred to the Divine judgment which was likely to fall on them very heavily 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Lord will cut the evil Stewards asunder he will suffer Schisms and Divisions to enter in upon us and that will sadly cut us asunder but the evil also shall fall upon their persons like the punishment of quartering Traitors 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 punishment with the circumstances of detestation and exemplarity Consider therefore what is your great duty Consider what is your great danger The lines of duty I have already described only remember how dear and pretious Souls are to God since for their salvation Christ gave his bloud and therefore will not easily lose them whom though they had sinned against him yet he so highly valued remember that you are Christs Deputies in the care of Souls and that you succeed in the place of the Apostles Non est facile stare loco Pauli tenere gradum Petri You have undertaken the work of S. Paul and the Office of S. Peter and what think you upon this account will be required of us S. Hierom expresses it thus The wisdom and skill of a Bishop ought to be so great that his countenance his gesture his motion every thing should be vocal ut quicquid agit quicquid loquitur doctrina sit Apostolorum that whatever he does or speaks be doctrine Apostolical The ancient Fathers had a pious opinion that besides the Angel guardian which is appointed to the guard of every man there is to every Bishop a second Angel appointed to him at the Consecration and to this Origen alludes saying that every Bishoprick hath two Angels the one visible and the other invisible This is a great matter and shews what a precious thing that Order and those Persons are in the eyes of God but then this also means that we should live Angelick lives which the Church rarely well expresses by saying that Episcopal dignity is the Ecclesiastick state of perfection and supposes the persons to be so far advanced in holiness as to be in the state of confirmation in grace But I shall say nothing of these things because it may be they press too hard but the use I shall make of it upon occasion of the reward of the good and bad Steward is to remind you of your great danger For if it be required of Bishops to be so wise and so holy so industrious and so careful so busie and so good up to the height of best examples if they be anointed of the Lord and are the Husbands of the Churches if they be the Shepherds of the flock and Stewards of the houshould it is very fit they consider their danger that they may be careful to do their duty S. Bernard considers it well in his Epistle to Henry Archbishop of Sens If I lying in my Cell and smoaking under a Bushel not shining yet cannot avoid the breath of the winds but that my light is almost blown out what will become of my Candle if it were placed on a candelstick and set upon a hill I am to look to my self alone and provide for my own salvation and yet I offend my self I am weary of my self I am my own scandal and my own danger my own eye and mine own belly and my own appetite find me work enough and therefore God help
disputes and says Nay but the other is better he is like a Servant that gives his Master necessary Counsel when he requires of him a necessary Obedience Utilius parere edicto quam efferre consilium he had better obey than give counsel by how much it is better to be profitable than to be witty to be full of goodness rather than full of talk and Argument But all this is acknowledged true in strong men but not in the weak in vigorous but not in tender Consciences for Obedience is strong Meat and will not down with weak stomacks As if in the World any thing were easier than to obey for we see that the food of Children is Milk and Laws the Breast-milk of their Nurses and the Commands of their Parents is all that Food and Government by which they are kept from harm and hunger and conducted to life and wisdom And therefore they that are weak Brethren of all things in the World have the least reason to pretend an excuse for Disobedience for nothing can secure them but the wisdom of the Laws for they are like Children in minority they cannot be trusted to their own conduct and therefore must live at the publick charge and the wisdom of their Superiors is their guide and their security And this was wisely advised by S. Paul Him that is weak in the Faith receive but not to doubtful disputations that 's not the way for him Children must not dispute with their Fathers and their Masters If old men will dispute let them look to it that 's meat for the strong indeed though it be not very nutritive but the Laws and the Counsels the Exhortations and the Doctrines of our Spiritual Rulers are the measures by which God hath appointed Babes in Christ to become Men and the weak to become strong and they that are not to be received to doubtful disputations are to be received with the arms of Love into the embraces of a certain and regular Obedience But it would be considered That Tenderness of Conscience is an equivocal term and does not always signifie in a good sense For a Child is of tender flesh but he whose foot is out of joint or hath a bile in his arm or hath strained a sinew is much more tender The tenderness of age is that weakness that is in the ignorant and the new beginners the tenderness of a bile that is soreness indeed rather than tenderness is of the diseased the abused and the mis-perswaded The first indeed are to be tenderly dealt with and have usages accordingly but that is the same I have already told you must teach them you must command them you must guide them you must chuse for them you must be their Guardians and they must comport themselves accordingly But for that tenderness of Conscience which is the disease and soreness of Conscience it must be cured by Anodynes and soft usages unless they prove ineffective and that the Launcet be necessary But there are amongst us such tender Stomacks that cannot endure Milk but can very well digest Iron Consciences so tender that a Ceremony is greatly offensive but Rebellion is not a Surplice drives them away as a bird affrighted with a man of clouts but their Consciences can suffer them to despise Government and speak evil of Dignities and curse all that are not of their Opinion and disturb the Peace of Kingdoms and commit Sacrilegs and account Schism the character of Saints The true Tenderness of Conscience is 1. That which is impatient of a Sin 2. It will not endure any thing that looks like it And 3. It will not give offence Now since all Sin is Disobedience 1. It will be rarely contingent that a man in a Christian Commonwealth shall be tied to disobey to avoid Sin and certain it is if such a case could happen yet 2. nothing of our present Question is so like a Sin as when we refuse to obey the Laws To stand in a clean Vestment is not so ill a sight as to see men stand in separation and to kneel at the Communion is not so like Idolatry as Rebellion is to Witchcraft And then 3. For the matter of giving offences what scandal is greater than that which scandalizes the Laws and who is so carefully to be observed lest he be offended as the KING And if that which offends the weak brother is to be avoided much more that which offends the strong for this is certainly really criminal but for the other it is much odds but it is mistaken And when the case is so put between the obedient and the disobedient which shall be offended and one will I suppose there is no question but the Laws will take more care of Subjects than of Rebels and not weaken them in their Duty in compliance with those that hate the Laws and will not endure the Government And after all this in the conduct of Government what remedy can there be to those that call themselves Tender Consciences I shall not need to say that every man can easily pretend it for we have seen the vilest part of mankind men that have done things so horrid worse than which the Sun never saw yet pretend tender Consciences against Ecclesiastical Laws But I will suppose that they are really such that they in the simplicity of their hearts follow Absolom and in weakness hide their heads in little Conventicles and places of separation for a trifle what would they have done for themselves If You make a Law of Order and in the sanction put a Clause of favour for tender Consciences do not you invite every Subject to Disobedience by impunity and teach him how to make his own excuse Is not such a Law a Law without an obligation May not every man chuse whether he will obey or no and if he pretends to disobey out of Conscience is not he that disobeys equally innocent with the obedient altogether as just as not having done any thing without leave and yet much more Religious and Conscientious Quicunque vult is but an ill preface to a Law and it is a strange obligation that makes no difference between him that obeys and him that refuses to obey But what course must be taken with Tender Consciences Shall the Execution of the Law be suspended as to all such persons That will be all one with the former For if the Execution be commanded to be suspended the obligation of the Law by command is taken away and then it were better there were no Law made And indeed that is the pretension that is the secret of the business they suppose the best way to prevent Disobedience is to take away all Laws It is a short way indeed there shall then be no Disobedience but at the same time there shall be no Government but the Remedy is worse than the Disease and to take away all Wine and Strong Drink to prevent drunkenness would not be half so great a folly I cannot
with the Protestant and say that the Presbyterian hath no reason to disobey Authority upon pretence of their new Government concerning which they do but dream dreams when they think they see visions Certain it is that the biggest part of dissenters in the whole world are criminally disobedient and it is a thousand to one but that Authority is in the right against them and ought to be obeyed It remains now in the next place that we enquire what Authority is to do in this case and what these Sectaries and Recusants are to do for these are two things worth enquiry 1. Concerning Authority All disagreeing persons to cover their foul shame of Rebellion or Disobedience pretend Conscience for their Judge and the Scripture for their Law Now if these men think that by this means they proceed safely upon the same ground the Superior may do what he thinks to be his duty and be at least as safe as they If the Rebellious Subject can think that by God's Law he ought not to obey the Prince may at the same time think that by God's Law he ought to punish him and it is as certain that he is justly punished as he thinks it certain he reasonably disobeys Or is the Conscience of the Superior bound to relax his Laws if the Inferior tells him so Can the Prince give Laws to the peoples will and can the people give measures to the Princes understanding If any one of the people can prescribe or make it necessary to change the Law then every one can and by this time every new Opinion will introduce a new Law and that Law shall be obeyed by him only that hath a mind to it and that will be a strange Law that binds a man only to do his own pleasure But because the King's Conscience is to him as sure a Rule as the Conscience of any disobedient Subject can be to himself the Prince is as much bound to do his duty in Government as the other can be to follow his Conscience in disagreeing and the consequent will be that whether the Subject be right or wrong in the disputation it is certain he hath the just reward of Disobedience in the conclusion If one mans Conscience can be the measure of another mans action why shall not the Princes Conscience be the Subjects measure but if it cannot then the Prince is not to depart from his own Conscience but proceed according to the Laws which he judges just and reasonable 2. The Superior is tied by the Laws of Christian Charity so far to bend in the ministration of his Laws as to pity the invincible Ignorance and Weakness of his abused people qui devoratur à malis Pastoribus as Hierom's expression is that are devour'd by their evil Shepherds but this is to last no longer than till the Ignorance can be cured and the man be taught his duty for whatsoever comes after this looks so like Obstinacy that no Laws in the world judge it to be any thing else And then secondly this also is to be understood to be the duty of Superiors only in matters of mere Opinion not relating to Practice For no mans Opinion must be suffer'd to do mischief to disturb the peace to dishonour the Government not only because every disagreeing person can to serve his end pretend his Conscience and so claim impunity for his Villany but also because those things which concern the good of mankind and the Peace of Kingdoms are so plainly taught that no man who thinks himself so wise as to be fit to oppose Authority can be so foolish as in these things not to know his duty In other things if the Opinion does neither bite nor scratch if it dwells at home in the house of Understanding and wanders not into the out-houses of Passion and popular Orations the Superior imposes no Laws and exacts no Obedience and destroyes no Liberty and gives no Restraint This is the part of Authority 2. The next enquiry is What must the dis-agreeing Subject do when he supposes the Superiors command is against the Law of God I answer that if he thinks so and thinks true he must not obey his Superior in that but because most men that think so think amiss there are many particulars fit by such persons to be considered 1. Let such men think charitably of others and that all are not fools or mad-men who are not of the same Opinion with themselves or their own little party 2. Let him think himself as fallible and subject to mistake as other men are 3. But let him by no means think that every Opinion of his is an Inspiration from God for that is the pride and madness of a pretended Religion such a man is to be cured by Physick for he could not enter into that perswasion by Reason or Experience and therefore it must enter into him by folly or the anger of God 4. From hence it will naturally follow that he ought to think his Opinion to be uncertain and that he ought not to behave himself like the man that is too confident but because his Obedience is Duty and his Duty certain he will find it more wise and safe and holy to leave that which is disputable and pursue that which is demonstrable to change his uncertain Opinion for his certain Duty For it is twenty to one but he is deceived in his Opinion but if he be it is certain that whatsoever his Conscience be yet in his separation from Authority he is a sinner 2. Every man who by his Opinion is engaged against Authority should do well to study his doubtful Opinion less and Humility and Obedience more But you say that this concerns not me for my disagreeing is not in a doubtful matter but I am sure I am in the right there are no ifs and ands in my case Well it may be so but were it not better that you did doubt A wise man feareth saith Solomon and departeth from evil but a fool rageth and is confident and the difference between a Learned man and a Novice is this that the young fellow cryeth out I am sure it is so the better learned answers 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 possibly it may and peradventure it is so but I pray enquire and he is the best Diviner 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he is the best Judge that conjectures best not he that is most confident for as Xenophanes said wisely Man does but conjecture but God only knows and it is no disparagement to a wise man to learn and by suspecting the fallibility of things and his own aptness to mistake to walk prudently and safely with an eye to God and an ear open to his Superior Some men are drunk with Phancy and mad with Opinion Who believe more strongly than boyes and women who are so hard to be perswaded as fools and who so readily suspect their Teachers as they who are governed by chance and know not the intrinsick measures
imploretur remedium run to the King for remedy for therefore God hath set the Imperial fortune over humane affairs ut possit omnia quae noviter contingunt emendare componere modis ac regulis competentibus tradere that the King may amend and rule and compose every new arising question And it is not to be despised but is a great indication of this Truth that the Answers of the Roman Princes and Judges recorded in the Civil Law are such that all Nations of the world do approve them and are a great testimony how the sentences of Kings ought to be valued even in matters of Religion and questions of greatest doubt Bona conscientia Scyphus est Josephi said the old Abbot of Kells a good Conscience is like Joseph's Cup in which our Lord the King divines And since God hath blessed us with so good so just so religious and so wise a Prince let the sentence of his Laws be our last resort and no questions be permitted after his judgment and legal determination For Wisdom saith By me Princes rule by me they decree justice and therefore the spirit of the King is a divine eminency and is as the spirit of the most High God 4. Let no man be too busie in disputing the laws of his Superiors for a man by that seldom gets good to himself but seldom misses to do mischief unto others 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 said one in Laertius Will a Son contend with his Father that 's not decent though the son speak that which is right he may possibly say well enough but he does do very ill not only because he does not pay his duty and reverential fear but because it is in it self very often unreasonable to dispute concerning the command of our Superior whether it be good or no for the very commandment can make it not only good but a necessary good It seemed good to the Holy Ghost and to us to lay on you no greater burden than these necessary things said the Council of Jerusalem and yet these things were not necessary but as they were commanded to abstain from a strangled hen or a bloody pudding could not of themselves be necessary but the commandment came authority did interpose and then they were made so 5. But then besides the advantages both of the Spirit and the authority of Kings in matter of question the Laws and Decrees of a National Church ought upon the account of their own advantages be esteemed as a final sentence in all things disputed The thing is a plain command Hebrews 13. 7. Remember them which have the Rule over you who have spoken unto you the word of God this tells what Rulers he means Rulers Ecclesiastical and what of them whose faith follow they must praeire in articulis they are not Masters of your Faith but Guides of it and they that sit in Moses chair must be heard and obeyed said our blessed Saviour These words were not said for nothing and they were nothing if their authority were nothing For between the laws of a Church and the opinion of a Subject the comparison is the same as between a publick spirit and a private The publick is far the better the daughter of God and the mother of a blessing and alwayes dwels in light The publick spirit hath already passed the tryal it hath been subjected to the Prophets tryed and searched and approved the private is yet to be examined The publick spirit is uniform and apt to be followed the private is various and multiform as chance and no man can follow him that hath it for if he follows one he is reproved by a thousand and if he changes he may get a shame but no truth and he can never rest but in the arms and conduct of his Superior When Aaron and Miriam murmured against Moses God told them they were Prophets of an inferior rank than Moses was God communicated himself to them in dreams and visions but the Ruach hakkodesh the publick spirit of Moses their Prince that was higher and what then wherefore then God said were ye not afraid to speak against my servant Moses plainly teaching us that where there is a more excellent spirit they that have a spirit less excellent ought to be afraid to speak against it And this is the full case of the private and publick spirit that is of a Subject speaking against the Spirit and the Laws of the Church In Heaven and in the air and in all the regions of Spirits the Spirit of a lower Order dares not speak against the Spirit of an higher and therefore for a private Spirit to oppose the publick is a disorder greater than is in Hell it self To conclude this point Let us consider whether it were not an intolerable mischief if the Judges should give sentence in causes of instance by the measures of their own fancy and not by the Laws who would endure them and yet why may they not do that as well as any Ecclesiastick person preach Religion not which the Laws allow but what is taught him by his own private Opinion but he that hath the Laws on his side hath ever something of true Religion to warrant him and can never want a great measure of justification 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Laws and the Customs of the Country are the results of wise Counsels or long experience they ever comply with Peace and publick benefit and nothing of this can be said of private Religions for they break the Peace and trouble the Conscience and undoe Government and despise the Laws and offend Princes and dishonour the wisdom of Parliaments and destroy Obedience Well but in the last place but if we cannot do what the Laws command we will suffer what they impose and then all is well again But first who ever did so that could help it And secondly this talking of passive Obedience is but a mockery for what man did ever say the Laws were not good but he also said the Punishment was unjust And thirdly which of all the Recusants did not endeavour to get ground upon the Laws and secretly or openly asperse the Authority that put him to pain for doing that which he calls his duty and can any man boast of his passive Obedience that calls it Persecution he may think to please himself but he neither does or sayes any thing that is for the reputation of the Laws Such men are like them that sail in a storm they may possibly be thrown into a Harbour but they are very sick all the way But after all this I have one thing to observe to such persons That such a passive Obedience as this does not acquit a man before God and he that suffers what the Law inflicts is not discharged in the Court of Conscience but there is still a sinner and a debter For the Law is not made for the righteous but for sinners that is the punishment
appointed by the Law falls on him only that hath sinned but an offending subject cannot with the fruit of his body pay for the sin of his Soul when he does evil he must suffer evil but if he does not repent besides a worse thing will happen to him for we are not tyed to obey only for wrath but also for Conscience Passive Obedience is only the correspondent of wrath but it is the active Obedience that is required by Conscience and whatever the Subject suffers for his own fault it matters nothing as to his Duty but this also God will exact at the hands of every man that is placed under Authority I have now told you the sum of what I had to say concerning Obedience to Laws and to your own Government and it will be to little purpose to make Laws in matter of Religion or in any thing else if the end of it be that every man shall chuse whether he will obey or no and if it be questioned whether you be deceived or no though the suffering such a question is a great diminution to your Authority yet it is infinitely more probable that you are in the right than that the disobedient Subject is because you are conducted with a publick spirit you have a special title and peculiar portions of the promise of Gods assistance you have all the helps of Counsel and the advantages of deliberation you have the Scriptures and the Laws you are as much concerned to judge according to truth as any man you have the principal of all capacities and states of men to assist your Consultations you are the most concerned for Peace and to please God also is your biggest interest and therefore it cannot be denied to be the most reasonable thing in the world which is set down in the Law Praesumptio est pro authoritate imponentis the presumption of truth ought to be on your side and since this is the most likely way for Truth and the most certain way for Peace you are to insist in this and it is not possible to find a better I have another part or sense of my Text yet to handle but because I have no more time of mine own and I will not take any of yours I shall only do it in a short Exhortation to this most Honourable Auditory and so conclude God hath put a Royal Mantle and fastned it with a Golden Clasp upon the shoulder of the KING and he hath given you the Judges Robe the King holds the Scepter and he hath now permitted you to touch the golden Ball and to take it a while into your handling and make Obedience to your Laws to be Duty and Religion but then remember that the first in every kind is to be the measure of the rest you cannot reasonably expect that the Subjects should obey you unless you obey God I do not speak this only in relation to your personal duty though in that also it would be considered that all the Bishops and Ministers of Religion are bound to teach the same Doctrines by their Lives as they do by their Sermons and what we are to do in the matters of Doctrine you are also to do in the matters of Laws what is reasonable for the advantages of Religion is also the best Method for the advantages of Government we must preach by our good example and you must govern by it and your good example in observing the Laws of Religion will strangely endear them to the affections of the people But I shall rather speak to you as you are in a capacity of Union and of Government for as now you have a new Power so there is incumbent upon you a special Duty 1. Take care that all your Power and your Consels be employed in doing honour and advantages to Piety and Holiness Then you obey God in your publick capacity when by holy Laws and wise Administrations you take care that all the Land be an obedient and a religious people For then you are Princely Rulers indeed when you take care of the Salvation of a whole Nation Nihil aliud est imperium nisi cura salutis alienae said Ammianus Government is nothing but a care that all men be saved And therefore take care that men do not destroy their Souls by the abominations of an evil life see that God be obeyed take care that the breach of the Laws of God may not be unpunished The best way to make men to be good Subjects to the King is to make them good Servants of God Suffer not Drunkenness to pass with impunity let Lust find a publick shame let the Sons of the Nobility and Gentry no more dare to dishonour God than the meanest of the people shall let baseness be basely esteemed that is put such Characters of Shame upon dishonourable Crimes that it be esteemed more against the honour of a Gentleman to be drunk than to be kicked more shame to fornicate than to be caned and for honours sake and the reputation of Christianity take some course that the most unworthy sins of the world have not reputation added to them by being the practice of Gentlemen and persons of good birth and fortunes Let not them who should be examples of Holiness have an impunity and a licence to provoke God to anger lest it be said that in Ireland it is not lawful for any man to sin unless he be a person of quality Optimus est reipublicae status ubi nihil deest nisi licentia pereundi In a common-wealth that 's the best state of things where every thing can be had but a leave to sin a licence to be undone 2. As God is thus to be obeyed and you are to take care that he be so God also must be honoured by paying that reverence and religious obedience which is due to those persons whom he hath been pleased to honour by admitting them to the dispensation of his blessings and the ministeries of your Religion For certain it is this is a right way of giving honour and obedience to God The Church is in some very peculiar manner the portion and the called and the care of God and it will concern you in pursuance of your obedience to God to take care that they in whose hands Religion is to be ministred and conducted be not discouraged For what your Judges are to the ministry of Laws that your Bishops are in the ministeries of Religion and it concerns you that the hands of neither of them be made weak and so long as you make Religion your care and Holiness your measure you will not think that Authority is the more to be despised because it is in the hands of the Church or that it is a sin to speak evil of dignities unless they be Ecclesiastical but that they may be reviled and that though nothing is baser then for a man to be a Thief yet Sacrilege is no dishonour and indeed to be an Oppressor is a
been hit upon and yet I have told you all the wayes of Man and his Imaginations in Order to Truth and Peace and you see these will not do we can find no rest for the soles of our feet amidst all the waters of Contention and Disputations and little artifices of divided Schools Every man is a lyar and his Understanding is weak and his Propositions uncertain and his Opinions trifling and his Contrivances imperfect and neither Truth nor Peace does come from man I know I am in an Auditory of inquisitive persons whose business is to study for Truth that they may find it for themselves and teach it unto others I am in a School of Prophets and Prophets Sons who all ask Pilate's Question What is Truth You look for it in your Books and you tug hard for it in your Disputations and you derive it from the Cisterns of the Fathers and you enquire after the old wayes and sometimes are taken with new appearances and you rejoice in false lights or are delighted with little umbrages and peep of Day But where is there a man or a Society of men that can be at rest in his enquiry and is sure he understands all the Truths of God where is there a man but the more he studies and enquires still he discovers nothing so clearly as his own Ignorance This is a demonstration that we are not in the right way that we do not enquire wisely that our Method is not artificial If men did fall upon the right way it were impossible so many learned men should be engaged in contrary parties and Opinions We have examined all wayes but one all but God's way Let us having missed in all the other try this let us go to God for Truth for Truth comes from God only and his wayes are plain and his sayings are true and his promises Yea and Amen and if we miss the Truth it is because we will not find it for certain it is that all that Truth which God hath made necessary he hath also made legible and plain and if we will open our eyes we shall see the Sun and if we will walk in the light we shall rejoice in the light only let us withdraw the Curtains let us remove the impediments and the sin that doth so easily beset us that 's God's way Every man must in his station do that portion of duty which God requires of him and then he shall be taught of God all that is fit for him to learn there is no other way for him but this The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom and a good understanding have all they that do thereafter And so said David of himself I have more understanding than my Teachers because I keep thy Commandments And this is the only way which Christ hath taught us if you ask What is Truth you must not do as Pilate did ask the Question and then go away from him that only can give you an answer for as God is the Author of Truth so he is the Teacher of it and the way to learn it is this of my Text For so saith our blessed Lord If any man will do his will he shall know of the Doctrine whether it be of God or no. My Text is simple as Truth it self but greatly comprehensive and contains a Truth that alone will enable you to understand all Mysteries and to expound all Prophecies and to interpret all Scriptures and to search into all Secrets all I mean which concern our happinesse and our duty and it being an affirmative hypothetical is plainly to be resolved into this Proposition The way to judge of Religion is by doing of our duty and Theologie is rather a Divine life than a Divine knowledge In Heaven indeed we shall first see and then love but here on Earth we must first love and love will open our eyes as well as our hearts and we shall then see and perceive and understand In the handling of which Proposition I shall first represent to you that the certain causes of our Errors are nothing but direct sins nothing makes us Fools and Ignorants but living vicious lives and then I shall proceed to the direct demonstration of the Article in question that Holiness is the only way of Truth and Vnderstanding 1. No man understands the Word of God as it ought to be understood unless he layes aside all affections to Sin of which because we have taken very little care the product hath been that we have had very little wisdom and very little knowledge in the wayes of God 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 said Aristotle wickedness does corrupt a mans reasoning it gives him false principles and evil measures of things the sweet Wine that Vlysses gave to the Cyclops put his eye out and a man that hath contracted evil affections and made a league with sin sees only by those measures A Covetous man understands nothing to be good that is not profitable and a Voluptuous man likes your reasoning well enough if you discourse of Bonum jucundum the pleasures of the sense the ravishments of lust the noises and inadvertencies the mirth and songs of merry Company but if you talk to him of the melancholy Lectures of the Cross the content of Resignation the peace of Meekness and the Joyes of the Holy Ghost and of rest in God after your long discourse and his great silence he cries out What 's the matter He knows not what you mean Either you must fit his humour or change your discourse I remember that Arianus tells of a Gentleman that was banished from Rome and in his sorrow visited the Philosopher and he heard him talk wisely and believed him and promised him to leave all the thoughts of Rome and splendors of the Court and retire to the course of a severe Philosopy but before the good mans Lectures were done there came 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 letters from Caesar to recall him home to give him pardon and promise him great employment He presently grew weary of the good mans Sermon and wished he would make an end thought his discourse was dull and flat for his head and heart were full of another story and new principles and by these measures he could hear only and he could understand Every man understands by his Affections more than by his Reason and when the Wolf in the Fable went to School to learn to spell whatever letters were told him he could never make any thing of them but Agnus he thought of nothing but his belly and if a man be very hungry you must give him meat before you give him Counsel A mans mind must be like your proposition before it can be entertained for whatever you put into a man it will smell of the Vessel it is mans mind that gives the Emphasis and makes your argument to prevail And upon this account it is that there are so many false Doctrines in the only Article of
Repentance Men know they must repent but the definition of Repentance they take from the convenience of their own Affairs what they will not part with that is not necessary to be parted with and they will repent but not restore they will say nollem factum they wish they had never done it but since it is done you must give them leave to rejoice in their purchase they will ask forgiveness of God but they sooner forgive themselves and suppose that God is of their mind If you tye them to hard terms your Doctrine is not to be understood or it is but one Doctors Opinion and therefore they will fairly take their leave and get them another Teacher What makes these evil these dangerous and desperate Doctrines not the obscurity of the thing but the cloud upon the heart for say you what you will He that hears must be the Expounder and we can never suppose but a man will give sentence in behalf of what he passionately loves And so it comes to pass that as Rabbi Moses observed that God for the greatest Sin imposed the least Oblation as a she-Goat for the sin of Idolatry for a woman accused of Adultery a Barly-Cake so do most men they think to expiate the worst of their sins with a trifling with a pretended little insignificant repentance God indeed did so that the cheapness of the Oblation might teach them to hope for pardon not from the Ceremony but from a severe internal repentance But men take any argument to lessen their repentances that they may not lessen their pleasures or their estates and that Repentance may be nothing but a word and Mortification signifie nothing against their pleasures but be a term of Art only fitted for the Schools or for the Pulpit but nothing relative to Practice or the Extermination of their sin So that it is no wonder we understand so little of Religion it is because we are in love with that which destroyes it and as a man does not care to hear what does not please him so neither does he believe it he cannot he will not understand it And the same is the Case in the matter of Pride the Church hath extremely suffered by it in many ages Ariâ—s missed a Bishoprick and therefore turned Heretick 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith the story he disturbed and shaked the Church for he did not understand this Truth That the peace of the Church was better than the satisfaction of his person or the promoting his foolish Opinion And do not we see and feel that at this very day the Pride of men makes it seem impossible for many persons to obey their Superiors and they do not see what they can read every day that it is a sin to speak evil of Dignities A man would think it a very easie thing to understand the 13. Chapter to the Romans Whosoever resisteth the Power resisteth ehe Ordinance of God and yet we know a generation of men to whom these words were so obscure that they thought it lawful to fight against their King A man would think it easie to believe that those who were in the gainsaying of Corah who rose up against the high Priest were in a very sad condition and yet there are too many amongst us who are in the gainsaying of Corah and think they do very well that they are the Godly party and the good people of God Why what 's the matter In the world there can be nothing plainer than these words Let every soul be subject to the higher Powers and that you need not make a scruple who are these higher powers it is as plainly said there is no power but of God all that are set over you by the Laws of your Nation these are over you in the Lord and yet men will not understand these plain things they deny to do their notorious duty and yet believe they are in the right and if they sometimes obey for wrath they oftner disobey for Conscience sake Where is the fault The words are plain the duty is certain the Book lies open but alas it is Sealed within that is men have eyes and will not see ears and will not hear But the wonder is the less for we know when God said to Jonas doest thou well to be angry he answered God to his face I do well to be angry even unto the death Let God declare his mind never so plainly if men will not lay aside the evil principle that is within their open love to their secret sin they may kill an Apostle and yet be so ignorant as to think they do God good service they may disturb Kingdoms and break the peace of a well-ordered Church and rise up against their Fathers and be cruel to their Brethren and stir up the people to Sedition and all this with a cold stomach and a hot liver with a hard heart and a tender Conscience with humble carriage and a proud spirit For thus men hate Repentance because they scorn to confess an Error they will not return to Peace and Truth because they fear to lose the good opinion of the people whom themselves have couzened they are afraid to be good lest they should confess they have formerly done amiss and he that observes how much evil is done and how many Heresies are risen and how much obstinacy and unreasonable perseverance in folly dwells in the World upon the stock of Pride may easily conclude that no learning is sufficient to make a proud man understand the truth of God unless he first learn to be humble But Obedite intelligetis saith the Prophet obey and be humble leave the foolish affections of sin and then ye shall understand That 's the first particular All remaining affections to sin hinder the learning and understanding of the things of God 2. He that means to understand the will of God and the truth of Religion must lay aside all inordinate affections to the world 2 Cor. 3. 14. S. Paul complained that there was at that day a veil upon the hearts of the Jews in the reading of the Old Testament they looked for a Temporal Prince to be their Messias and their affections and hopes dwelt in secular advantages and so long as that veil was there they could not see and they would not accept the poor despised Jesus For the things of the world besides that they entangle one another and make much business and spend much time they also take up the attentions of a mans mind and spend his faculties and make them trifling and secular with the very handling and conversation And therefore the Pythagoreans taught their Disciples 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a separation from the things of the body if they would purely find out truth and the excellencies of wisdom Had not he lost his labour that would have discoursed wisely to Apicius and told him of the books of Fate and the secrets of the other World the abstractions of the Soul and its
cannot know him And this is the particular I am now to speak to The way by which the Spirit of God teaches us in all the ways and secrets of God is Love and Holinesse Secreta Dei Deo nostro filiis domus ejus Gods secrets are to himself and the sons of his House saith the Jewish Proverb Love is the great instrument of Divine knowledge that is the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the height of all that is to be taught or learned Love is Obedience and we learn his words best when we practise them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 said Aristotle those things which they that learn ought to practise even while they practise will best learn Quisquis non venit profectò nec didicit Ita enim Dominus docet per Spiritus gratiam ut quod quisque didicerit non tantum cognoscendo videat sed etiam volendo appetat agendo perficiat St. Austin De gratia Christi lib. 1. c. 14. Unlesse we come to Christ we shall never learn for so our Blessed Lord teaches us by the grace of his Spirit that what any one learns he not only sees it by knowledge but desires it by choice and perfects it by practice 4. When this is reduced to practice and experience we find not only in things of practice but even in deepest mysteries not only the choicest and most eminent Saints but even every good man can best tell what is true and best reprove an error He that goes about to speak of and to understand the mysterious Trinity and does it by words and names of mans invention or by such which signifie contingently if he reckons this mystery by the Mythology of Numbers by the Cabala of Letters by the distinctions of the School and by the weak inventions of disputing people if he only talks of Essences and existencies Hypostases and personalities distinctions without difference and priority in Coequalities and unity in Pluralities and of superior Praedicates of no larger extent then the inferior Subjects he may amuse himself and find his understanding will be like St. Peters upon the Mount of Tabor at the Transfiguration he may build three Tabernacles in his head and talk something but he knows not what But the good man that feels the power of the Father and he to whom the Son is become Wisdom Righteousnesse Sanctification and Redemption he in whose heart the love of the Spirit of God is spred to whom God hath communicated the Holy Ghost the Comforter this man though he understands nothing of that which is unintelligible yet he only understands the mysteriousnesse of the Holy Trinity No man can be convinced well and wisely of the Article of the Holy Blessed and Vndivided Trinity but he that feels the mightiness of the Father begetting him to a new life the wisdom of the Son building him up in a most holy Faith and the love of the Spirit of God making him to become like unto God He that hath passed from his Childhood in Grace under the spiritual generation of the Father and is gone forward to be a young man in Christ strong and vigorous in holy actions and holy undertakings and from thence is become an old Disciple and strong and grown old in Religion and the conversation of the Spirit this man best understands the secret and undiscernable oeconomy he feels this unintelligible Mystery and sees with his heart what his tongue can never express and his Metaphysicks can never prove In these cases Faith and Love are the best Knowledg and Jesus Christ is best known by the Grace of our Lord Jesus Christ and if the Kingdom of God be in us then we know God and are known of him and when we communicate of the Spirit of God when we pray for him and have received him and entertained him and dwelt with him and warmed our selves by his holy fires then we know him too But there is no other satisfactory knowledge of the Blessed Trinity but this And therefore whatever thing is spoken of God Metaphysically there is no knowing of God Theologically and as he ought to be known but by the measures of Holiness and the proper light of the Spirit of God But in this case Experience is the best Learning and Christianity is the best Institution and the Spirit of God is the best Teacher and Holiness is the greatest Wisdom and he that sins most is the most Ignorant and the humble and obedient man is the best Scholar For the Spirit of God is a loving Spirit and will not enter into a polluted Soul But he that keepeth the Law getteth the understanding thereof and the perfection of the fear of the Lord is Wisdom said the wise Ben-Sirach And now give me leave to apply the Doctrine to you and so I shall dismiss you from this attention Many ways have been attempted to reconcile the differences of the Church in matters of Religion and all the Counsels of man have yet prov'd ineffective Let us now try Gods method let us betake our selves to live holily and then the Spirit of God will lead us into all Truth And indeed it matters not what Religion any man is of if he be a Villain the Opinion of his Sect as it will not save his Soul so neither will it do good to the Publick But this is a sure Rule If the holy man best understands Wisdom and Religion then by the proportions of holiness we shall best measure the Doctrines that are obtruded to the disturbance of our Peace and the dishonour of the Gospel And therefore 1. That is no good Religion whose Principles destroy any duty of Religion He that shall maintain it to be lawful to make a War for the defence of his Opinion be it what it will his Doctrine is against Godliness Any thing that is proud any thing that is peevish and scornful any thing that is uncharitable is against the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that form of sound Doctrine which the Apostle speaks of And I remember that Ammianus Marcellinus telling of George a proud and factious Minister that he was an Informer against his Brethren he says he did it oblitus professionis suae quae nil nisi justum suadet lene he forgot his Profession which teaches nothing but justice and meekness kindnesses and charity And however Bellarmine and others are pleased to take but indirect and imperfect notice of it yet Goodness is the best note of the true Church 2. It is but an ill sign of Holiness when a man is busie in troubling himself and his Superiour in little Scruples and phantastick Opinions about things not concerning the life of Religion or the pleasure of God or the excellencies of the Spirit A good man knows how to please God how to converse with him how to advance the Kingdom of the Lord Jesus to set forward Holiness and the Love of God and of his Brother and he knows also that there is no Godliness in
eminency and singularity Church-men that 's your appellative all are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 spiritual men all have received the Spirit and all walk in the Spirit and ye are all sealed by the Spirit unto the day of Redemption and yet there is a spirituality peculiar to the Clergy If any man be overtaken in a fault ye which are spiritual restore such a one in the spirit of meekness you who are spiritual by office and designation of a spiritual calling and spiritual employment you who have the Spirit of the Lord Jesus and minister the Spirit of God you are more eminently spiritual you have the Spirit in graces and in powers in sanctification and abilities in Office and in Person the Vnction from above hath descended upon your heads and upon your hearts you are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by way of eminency and praelation spiritual men All the people of God were holy Corah and his company were in the right so far but yet Moses and Aaron were more holy and stood neerer to God All the people are Prophets It is now more than Moses wish for the Spirit of Christ hath made them so If any man prayeth or prophesieth with his head covered or if any woman prophesieth with her head uncovered they are dishonoured but either man or woman may do that work in time and place for in the latter days I will pour out of my Spirit and your daughters shall prophesie and yet God hath appointed in his Church Prophets above these to whose Spirit all the other Prophets are subject and as God said to Aaron and Miriam concerning Moses to you I am known in a dream or a vision but to Moses I speak face to face so it is in the Church God gives of his Spirit to all men but you he hath made the Ministers of his Spirit Nay the people have their portion of the Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven so said S. Paul To whom ye forgive any thing to him I forgive also and to the whole Church of Corinth he gave a Commission in the Name of Christ and by his Spirit to deliver the incestuous person unto Satan and when the primitive Penitents stood in their penitential stations they did Chairs Dei adgeniculari toti populo legationem orationis suae commendare and yet the Keys were not only promised but given to the Apostles to be used then and transmitted to all Generations of the Church and we are Ministers of Christ and Stewards of the manifold Mysteries of God and to us is committed the word of reconciliation And thus in the Consecration of the mysterious Sacrament the people have their portion for the Bishop or the Priest blesses and the People by saying Amen to the mystick Prayer is partaker of the Power and the whole Church hath a share in the power of Spiritual Sacrifice Ye are a royal Priesthood Kings and Priests unto God that is so ye are Priests as ye are Kings but yet Kings and Priests have a glory conveyed to them of which the people partake but in minority and allegory and improper communication But you are and are to be respectively that considerable part of mankind by whom God intends to plant holiness in the World by you God means to reign in the hearts of men and g. you are to be the first in this kind and consequently the measure of all the rest To you g. I intend this and some following Discourses in order to this purpose I shall but now lay the first stone but it is the corner stone in this foundation But to you I say of the Clergy these things are spoken properly to you these Powers are conveyed really upon you God hath poured his Spirit plentifully you are the Choicest of his Choice the Elect of his Election a Church pick'd out of the Church Vessels of honour so your Masters use appointed to teach others authorised to bless in his Name you are the Ministers of Christ's Priesthood Under-labourers in the great Work of Mediation and Intercession Medii inter Deum Populum you are for the People towards God and convey Answers and Messages from God to the People These things I speak not only to magnifie your Office but to inforce and heighten your Duty you are holy by Office and Designation for your very Appointment is a Sanctification and a Consecration and g. whatever holiness God requires of the People who have some little portions in the Priesthood Evangelical he expects it of you and much greater to whom he hath conveyed so great Honours and admitted so neer unto himself and hath made to be the great Ministers of his Kingdom and his Spirit and now as Moses said to the Levitical Schismaticks Corah and his Company so I may say to you Seemeth it but a small thing unto you that the God of Israel hath separated you from the Congregation of Israel to bring you to himself to do the Service of the Tabernacle of the Lord and to stand before the Congregation to minister to them And he hath brought thee neer to him Certainly if of every one of the Christian Congregation God expects a holiness that mingles with no unclean thing if God will not suffer of them a luke-warm and an indifferent service but requires zeal of his Glory and that which St. Paul calls the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the labour of love if he will have them to be without spot or wrinkle or any such thing if he will not endure any pollution in their Flesh or Spirit if he requires that their Bodies and Souls and Spirits be kept blameless unto the coming of the Lord Jesus if he accepts of none of the people unless they have within them the conjugation of all Christian Graces if he calls on them to abound in every Grace and that in all the periods of their progression unto the ends of their lives and to the consummation and perfection of Grace if he hath made them Lights in the World and the Salt of the Earth to enlighten others by their good Example and to teach them and invite them by holy Discourses and wise Counsels and Speech seasoned with Salt what is it think ye or with what words is it possible to express what God requires of you They are to be Examples of Good life to one another but you are to be Examples even of the Examples themselves that 's your duty that 's the purpose of God and that 's the design of my Text That in all things ye shew your selves a pattern of good works in Doctrine shewing uncorruptness gravity sincerity sound speech that cannot be condemned that he that is of the contrary part may be ashamed having no evil thing to say of you Here then is 1. Your Duty 2. The degrees and excellency of your Duty The Duty is double 1. Holiness of Life 2. Integrity of Doctrine Both these have their heightnings in several degrees 1. For your Life and Conversation
it ought not only to be good not only to be holy but to be so up to the degrees of an excellent example Ye must be a pattern 2. Ye must be patterns not only of Knowledg and Wisdom not of contemplation and skill in Mysteries not of unprofitable Notions and ineffective Wit and Eloquence but of something that is more profitable of something that may do good something by which mankind shall be better of something that shall contribute to the felicity and comfort of the world a pattern of good works 3. It must not be a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a type or pattern to be hidden or laid in Tabernacles like those Images of Molech and Remphan which the Spirit of God in the Old Testament calls 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Succoth Benoth little Repositories or Boots to hide their Images and patterns of their gods but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 you must be exhibited and shewn forth brought forth into action and visibility and notorious observation 4. There is also another mystery and duty in this word for Molech and Remphan they were patterns and figures but they were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 patterns which the people made but to Titus St. Paul commanded that he himself should be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he should give a pattern to the people that is the Ministers of Christ must not be framed according to the peoples humour they must not give him rules nor describe his measures but he should be a rule to them he is neither to live with them so as to please their humours or to preach Doctrines populo ut placerent quas fecissent fabulas but the people are to require the Doctrine at his mouth and he is to become exemplar to them according to the pattern seen in the Mount according to the Laws of the Religion and the example of Christ. 5. It must be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he must be a pattern in all things It is not enough that the Minister be a loving person a good neighbourly man that he be hospitable that he be not litigious that he be harmless and that he be diligent but in every Grace he must praeferre facem hold a torch and shew himself a light in all the Commands of God These are the measures of his Holiness the pattern in his Life and Conversation Secondly Integrity of Doctrine The matter of the Doctrine you are to preach hath in it four qualifications 1. It must be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 incorrupt that is it must be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it must be according to the analogy of Faith no Heretical mixtures pure Truths of God 2. It must be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 grave and clean and chast that is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 no vain and empty notions little contentions and pitiful disputes but becoming the wisdom of the Guide of Souls and the Ministers of Christ. And 3. It must be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sound speech so we read it the word properly signifies salutary and wholesome that is such as is apt for edification 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for the building men up in a most holy faith and a more excellent charity not feeding the people with husks and droffe with Colocynths and Gourds with gay Tulips and useless Daffodils but with the bread of life and medicinal Plants springing from the margin of the Fountains of Salvation This is the matter of their Doctrine and this also hath some heightnings and excellencies and extraordinaries For 4. It must be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so evidently demonstrated that no man shall be able to reprove it so certainly holy that no man shall be willing to condemn it And 5. It must be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sincere not polluted with foul intentions and little devices of secular interests complying with the lusts of the potent or the humours of the time not byass'd by partiality or bending in the flexures of humane policy it must be so conducted that your very Enemies Schismaticks and Hereticks and all sorts of gainsayers may see that you intend Gods glory and the good of Souls and g. that as they can say nothing against the Doctrine deliver'd so neither shall they find fault with him that delivers it and he that observes all this will indeed be a pattern both of Life and Doctrine both of good words and good works But I shall not be so minute in my discourse as in the division the duties and the manner or degrees of the duties I shall handle together and give you the best measures I can both for institution of Life and excellency of Doctrine It is required of every one of you that in all things you shew your selves a pattern of good works That 's the first thing requir'd in a Minister And this is upon infinite accounts necessary 1. In general 2. In particular 1. In general The very first words of the whole Psalter are an argument of this necessity Blessed is the man that walketh not in the Councel of the ungodly nor standeth in the way of sinners nor sitteth in the chair of the mockers the seat of the scornful The Doctors Chair or Pulpit must have nothing to do with the irrisores that mock God and mock the people he must neither walk with them nor stand with them nor sit with them that is he must have no fellowship with the unfruitful workers of darkness but rather reprove them for they that do preach one thing and do another are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Mockers they destroy the benefit of the people and diminish the blessings of God and binding burdens on the peoples shoulders which they will not touch with the top of their finger they secretly laugh and mock at the people as at the Asses of Issachar fit to be cousened into unnecessary burdens These words are greatly to be regarded The Primitive Church would admit no man to the superiour Orders of the Clergy unless among other praerequir'd dispositions they could say all Davids Psalter by heart and it was very well besides many other reasons that they might in the front read their own duty so wisely and so mysteriously by the Spirit of God made praeliminary to the whole Office To the same purpose is that observation of S. Hierome made concerning the vesting of the Priests in the Levitical ministrations the Priest put on the Humeral beset with precious stones before he took the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the rationale upon his breast to signifie that first the Priest must be a shining light resplendent with good works before he fed them with the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the rational Milk of the Word concerning which symbolical precept you may please to read many excellent things to this purpose in S. Hierom's Epistle to Fabiola It will be more useful for us to consider those severe words of David in the 50. Psalm But unto the wicked God saith what hast thou to do to declare my statutes or
must give your selves up wholly to the Word of God and Prayer they must watch and pray that they fall not into temptation but you must watch for your selves and others too the people must mourn when they sin but you must mourn for your own infirmities and for the sins of others and indeed if the life of a Clergy-man does not exceed even the piety of the People that life is in some measure scandalous and what shame was ever greater than is described in the Parable of the Traveller going from Jerusalem to Jericho when to the eternal dishonour of the Levite and the Priest it is told that they went aside and saw him with a wry neck and a bended head but let him alone and left him to be cured by the good Samaritane The Primitive Church in her Discipline used to thrust their delinquent Clergy in laicam communionem even then when their faults were but small and of less reproach than to deserve greater censures yet they lessened them by thrusting them into the Lay Communion as most fit for such Ministers who refused to live at the height of Sacerdotal piety Remember your dignity to which Christ hath called you shall such a man as I flee said the brave Eleazar shall the Stars be darkness shall the Embassadors of Christ neglect to do their King honour shall the glory of Christ do dishonourable and inglorious actions Ye are the glory of Christ saith S. Paul remember that I can say no greater thing unless possibly this may add some moments for your care and caution that potents potenter cruciabuntur great men shall be greatly tormented if they sin and to fall from a great height is an intolerable ruine Severe were the words of our Blessed Saviour Ye are the Salt of the earth if the Salt have lost his savour it is thenceforth good for nothing neither for Land nor yet for the Dunghil a greater dishonour could not be expressed he that takes such a one up will shake his fingers I end this with the saying of S. Austin Let your religious prudence think that in the world especially at this time nothing is more laborious more difficult or more dangerous than the Office of a Bishop or a Priest or a Deacon Sed apud Deum nihil beatius si eo modo militetur quo noster Imperator jubet but nothing is more blessed if we do our duty according to the Commandment of our Lord. I have already discoursed of the integrity of life and what great necessity there is and how deep obligations lie upon you not only to be innocent and void of offence but also to be holy not only pure but shining not only to be blameless but to be didactick in your lives that as by your Sermons you preach in season so by your lives you may preach out of season that is at all seasons and to all men that they seeing your good works may glorifie God on your behalf and on their own THE Ministers Duty IN LIFE DOCTRINE SERM. X. The second Sermon on Titus 2. 7. In Doctrine shewing uncorruptness gravity sincerity c. NOW by the order of the words and my own undertaking I am to tell you what are the Rules and Measures of your Doctrine which you are to teach the people 1. Be sure that you teach nothing to the people but what is certainly to be found in Scripture Servemus eas mensuras quas nobis per Legislatorem Lex spiritualis enunciat the whole spiritual Law given us by our Law-giver that must be our measures for though by perswasion and by faith by mis-perswasion and by error by false Commentaries and mistaken glosses every man may become a Law unto himself and unhappily bind upon his Conscience burdens which Christ never imposed yet you must bind nothing upon your Charges but what God hath bound upon you you cannot become a Law unto them that 's the only priviledge of the Law-giver who because he was an interpreter of the Divine Will might become a Law unto us and because he was faithful in all the house did tell us all his Fathers Will and g. nothing can be Gods Law to us but what he hath taught us But of this I shall need to say no more but the words of Tertullian Nobis nihil licet ex nostro arbitrio indulgere sed nec eligere aliquid quod de suo arbitrio aliquis induxerit Apostolos Domini habemus Authores qui nec ipsi quicquam de suo arbitrio quod inducerent elegerunt sed acceptam à Christo disciplinam fideliter nationibus assignarunt Whatsoever is not in and taken from the Scriptures is from a private spirit and that is against Scripture certainly for no Scripture is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saith S. Peter it is not it cannot be of private interpretation that is unless it come from the Spirit of God which is that Spirit that mov'd upon the waters of the new Creation as well as of the old and was promised to all to you and to your Children and to as many as the Lord our God shall call and is bestowed on all and is the earnest of all our inheritance and is given to every man to profit withall it cannot prove God to be the Author nor be a light to us to walk by or to show others the way to Heaven This Rule were alone sufficient to guide us all in the whole Oeconomy of our Calling if we were not weak and wilful ignorant and abused but the holy Scripture hath suffered so many interpretations and various sounds and seemings and we are so prepossess'd and predetermin'd to misconstruction by false Apostles without and prevailing passions within that though it be in it self sufficient yet it is not so for us and we may say with the Eunuch How can I understand unless some man should guide me and indeed in S. Paul's Epistles there are many things hard to be understood and in many other places we find that the well is deep and unless there be some to help us to draw out the latent senses of it our souls will not be filled with the waters of Salvation Therefore that I may do you what assistances I can and if I cannot in this small portion of time instruct you yet that I may counsel you and remind you of the best assistances that are to be had if I cannot give you rules sufficient to expound all hard places yet that I may shew how you shall sufficiently teach your people by the rare rules and precepts recorded in places that are or may be made easie I shall first give you some advices in general and then descend to more particular Rules and Measures 1. Because it is not to be expected that every Minister of the Word of God should have all the gifts of the Spirit and every one to abound in Tongues and in Doctrines and in Interpretations you may therefore make great use
there is no further certainty in them than what the one fancies and the other is pleas'd to allow But if the spiritual sense be prov'd evident and certain then it is of the same efficacy as the literal for it is according to that letter by which Gods Holy Spirit was pleas'd to signifie his meaning and it matters not how he is pleas'd to speak so we understand his meaning and in this sense that is true which is affirm'd by S. Gregory Allegoriam interdum aedificare fidem sometimes our faith is built up by the mystical words of the Spirit of God But because it seldom happens that they can be prov'd g. you are not to feed your flocks with such herbs whose virtue you know not of whose wholesomness or powers of nourishing you are wholly or for the most part ignorant we have seen and felt the mischief and sometimes derided the absurdity God created the Sun and the Moon said Moses that is said the extravagants of Pope Boniface the 8th the Pope and the Emperour And Behold here are two swords said S. Peter It is enough said Christ enough for S. Peter and so he got the two swords the temporal and spiritual said the gloss upon that Text. Of these things there is no beginning and no end no certain principles and no good conclusion These are the two ways of expounding all Scriptures these are as the two witnesses of God by the first of which he does most commonly and by the latter of which he does sometimes declare his meaning and in the discovery of these meanings the Measures which I have now given you are the general land-marks and are sufficient to guide us from destructive errours It follows in the next place that I give you some Rules that are more particular according to my undertaking that you in your duty and your charges in the provisions to be made for them may be more secure 1. Although you are to teach your people nothing but what is the Word of God yet by this Word I understand all that God spake expresly and all that by certain consequence can be deduced from it Thus Dionysius Alexandrinus argues 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he that in Scripture is called the Son and the Word of the Father I conclude he is no stranger to the essence of the Father And S. Ambrose derided them that called for express Scripture for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 since the Prophets and the Gospels acknowledge the unity of substance in the Father and the Son and we easily conclude the Holy Ghost to be God because we call upon him and we call upon him because we believe in him and we believe in him because we are baptized into the faith and profession of the Holy Ghost This way of teaching our Blessed Saviour us'd when he confuted the Sadduces in the Question of the Resurrection and thus he confuted the Pharisees in the Question of his being the Son of God The use I make of it is this that right reason is so far from being an exile from the inquiries of Religion that it is the great ensurance of many propositions of faith and we have seen the faith of men strangely alter but the reason of man can never alter every rational truth supposing its principles being eternal and unchangeable All that is to be done here is to see that you argue well that your deduction be evident that your reason be right for Scripture is to our understandings as the grace of God to our wills that instructs our reason and this helps our wills and we may as well chuse the things of God without our wills and delight in them without love as understand the Scriptures or make use of them without reason Quest. But how shall our reason be guided that it may be right that it be not a blind guide but direct us to the place where the star appears and point us to the very house where the babe lieth that we may indeed do as the wise men did To this I answer 2. In the making deductions the first great measure to direct our reason and our inquiries is the analogy of faith that is let the fundamentals of faith be your Cynosura your great light to walk by and whatever you derive from thence let it be agreeable to the principles from whence they come It is the rule of S. Paul 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Let him that prophesies do it according to the proportion of faith that is let him teach nothing but what is revealed or agreeable to the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the prime credibilities of Christianity that is by the plain words of Scripture let him expound the less plain and the superstructure by the measures of the foundation and doctrines be answerable to faith and speculations relating to practice and nothing taught as simply necessary to be believed but what is evidently and plainly set down in the holy Scriptures for he that calls a proposition necessary which the Apostles did not declare to be so or which they did not teach to all Christians learned and unlearned he is gone beyond his proportions For every thing is to be kept in that order where God hath plac'd it there is a classis of necessary Articles and that is the Apostles Creed which Tertullian calls regulam fidei the rule of faith and according to this we must teach necessities but what comes after this is not so necessary and he that puts upon his own doctrines a weight equal to this of the Apostles declaration either must have an Apostolical authority and an Apostolical infallibility or else he transgresses the proportion of faith and becomes a false Apostle 3. To this purpose it is necessary that you be very diligent in reading laborious and assiduous in the studies of Scripture not only lest ye be blind seers and blind guides but because without great skill and learning ye cannot do your duty A Minister may as well sin by his ignorance as by his negligence because when light springs from so many angles that may enlighten us unless we look round about us and be skill'd in all the angles of reflection we shall but turn our backs upon the Sun and see nothing but our own shadows Search the Scriptures said Christ Non dixit legite sed scrutamini said S. Chrysostome quia oportet profundius effodere ut quae altè delitescunt invenire possimus Christ did not say read but search the Scriptures turn over every page inquire narrowly look diligently converse with them perpetually be mighty in the Scriptures for that which is plain there is the best measures of our faith and of our doctrines The Jews have a saying Qui non advertit quod supra infra in Scriptoribus legitur is pervertit verba Dei viventis He that will understand Gods meaning must look above and below and round about for the meaning of the Spirit of God is not like the wind
and be very zealous for nothing but for Gods glory and the salvation of the World and particularly of your Charges Ever remembring that you are by God appointed as the Ministers of Prayer and the Ministers of good things to pray for all the World and to heal all the World as far as you are able rule XVI Every Minister must learn and practise Patience that by bearing all adversity meekly and humbly and cheerfully and by doing all his Duty with unwearied industry with great courage constancy and Christian magnanimity he may the better assist his people in the bearing of their crosses and overcoming their difficulties rule XVII He that is holy let him be holy still and still more holy and never think he hath done his work till all be finished by perseverance and the measures of perfection in a holy Life and a holy Death but at no hand must he magnifie himself by vain separations from others or despising them that are not so holy II. Of Prudence required in Ministers rule XVIII REmember that Discretion is the Mistress of all Graces and Humility is the greatest of all Miracles and without this all Graces perish to a mans self and without that all Gracâ—â— are useless unto others rule XIX Let no Minister be governed by the opinion of his People and destroy his Duty by unreasonable compliance with their humours lest as the Bishop of Granata told the Governours of Leria and Patti like silly Animals they take burdens upon their backs at the pleasure of the multitude which they neither can retain with Prudence nor shake off with Safety rule XX Let not the Reverence of any man cause you to sin against God but in the matter of Souls being well advis'd be bold and confident but abate nothing of the honour of God or the just measures of your Duty to satisfie the importunity of any man whatsoever and God will bear you out rule XXI When you teach your people any part of their duty as in paying their debts their tithes and offerings in giving due reverence and religious regards diminish nothing of admonition in these particulars and the like though they object That you speak for your selves and in your own cases For counsel is not the worse but the better if it be profitable both to him that gives and to him that takes it Only do it in simplicity and principally intend the good of their souls rule XXII In taking accounts of the good Lives of your selves or others take your measures by the express words of Scripture and next to them estimate them by their proportion and compliance with the publick measures with the Laws of the Nation Ecclesiastical and Civil and by the Rules of Fame of publick Honesty and good Report and last of all by their observation of the Ordinances and exteriour parts of Religion rule XXIII Be not satisfied when you have done a good work unless you have also done it well and when you have then be careful that vain-glory partiality self-conceit or any other folly or indiscretion snatch it not out of your hand and cheat you of the reward rule XXIV Be careful so to order your self that you fall not into temptation and folly in the presence of any of your Charges and especially that you fall not into chidings and intemperate talkings and sudden and violent expressions Never be a party in clamours and scoldings lest your Calling become useless and your Person contemptible Ever remembring that if you cheaply and lightly be engag'd in such low usages with any Person that Person is likely to be lost from all possibility of receiving much good from your Ministry III. The Rules and Measures of Government to be used by Ministers in their respective Cures rule XXV USe no violence to any man to bring him to your opinion but by the word of your proper Ministry by Demonstrations of the Spirit by rational Discourses by excellent Examples constrain them to come in and for other things they are to be permitted to their own liberty to the measures of the Laws and the conduct of their Governours rule XXVI Suffer no quarrel in your Parish and speedily suppress it when it is begun and though all wise men will abstain from interposing in other mens affairs and especially in matters of Interest which men love too well yet it is your Duty here to interpose by perswading them to friendships reconcilements moderate prosecutions of their pretences and by all means you prudently can to bring them to peace and brotherly kindness rule XXVII Suffer no houses of Debauchery of Drunkenness or Lust in your Parishes but implore the assistance of Authority for the suppressing of all such meeting-places and nurseries of Impiety and as for places of publick Entertainment take care that they observe the Rules of Christian Piety and the allowed measures of Laws rule XXVIII If there be any Papists or Sectaries in your Parishes neglect not frequently to confer with them in the spirit of meekness and by the importunity of wise Discourses seeking to gain them But stir up no violences against them but leave them if they be incurable to the wise and merciful disposition of the Laws rule XXIX Receive not the people to doubtful Disputations and let no names of Sects or differing Religions be kept up amongst you to the disturbance of the publick Peace and private Charity and teach not the people to estimate their Piety by their distance from any Opinion but by their Faith in Christ their Obedience to God and the Laws and their Love to all Christian people even though they be deceived rule XXX Think no man considerable upon the point or pretence of a tender Conscience unless he live a good life and in all things endeavour to approve himself void of offence both toward God and Man but if he be an humble Person modest and inquiring apt to learn and desirous of information if he seeks for it in all ways reasonable and pious and is obedient to Laws then take care of him use him tenderly perswade him meekly reprove him gently and deal mercifully with him till God shall reveal that also unto him in which his unavoidable trouble and his temptation lies rule XXXI Mark them that cause Divisions among you and avoid them for such Persons are by the Scripture called Scandals in the abstract they are Offenders and Offences too But if any man have an Opinion let him have it to himself till he can be cur'd of his disease by time and counsel and gentle usages But if he separates from the Church or gathers a Congregation he is proud and is fallen from the Communion of Saints and the Unity of the Catholick Church rule XXXII He that observes any of his people to be zealous let him be careful to conduct that zeal into such channels where there is least danger of inconveniency let him employ it in something that is good let it be press'd to fight
against sin For Zeal is like a Cancer in the Breast feed it with good flesh or it will devour the Heart rule XXXIII Strive to get the love of the Congregation but let it not degenerate into popularity Cause them to love you and revere you to love with Religion not for your compliance for the good you do them not for that you please them Get their love by doing your Duty but not by omitting or spoiling any part of it Ever remembring the severe words of our Blessed Saviour Wo be to you when all men speak well of you rule XXXIV Suffer not the common people to prattle about Religion and Questions but to speak little to be swift to hear and slow to speak that they learn to good works for necessary uses that they work with their hands that they may have wherewithal to give to them that need that they study to be quiet and learn to do their own business rule XXXV Let every Minister take care that he call upon his Charge that they order themselves so that they leave no void spaces of their time but that every part of it be filled with useful or innocent employment For where there is a space without business that space is the proper time for danger and temptation and no man is more miserable than he that knows not how to spend his time rule XXXVI Fear no mans person in the doing of your Duty wisely and according to the Laws Remembring always that a servant of God can no more be hurt by all the powers of wickedness than by the noise of a Flies wing or the chirping of a Sparrow Brethren do well for your selves do well for your selves as long as you have time you know not how soon death will come rule XXXVII Entertain no Persons into your Assemblies from other Parishes unless upon great occasion or in the destitution of a Minister or by contingency and seldom visits or with leave lest the labour of thy Brother be discouraged and thy self be thought to preach Christ out of envy and not of good will rule XXXVIII Never appeal to the judgment of the people in matters of controversie teach them obedience not arrogancy teach them to be humble not crafty For without the aid of false guides you will find some of them of themselves apt enough to be troublesome and a question put into their heads and a power of judging into their hands is a putting it to their choice whether you shall be troubled by them this week or the next for much longer you cannot escape rule XXXIX Let no Minister of a Parish introduce any Ceremony Rites or Gestures though with some seeming Piety and Devotion but what are commanded by the Church and established by Law and let these also be wisely and usefully explicated to the people that they may understand the reasons and measures of obedience but let there be no more introduc'd lest the people be burdened unnecessarily and tempted or divided IV. Rules and Advices concerning Preaching rule XL LEt every Minister be diligent in preaching the Word of God according to the ability that God gives him Ever remembring that to minister Gods Word unto the People is the one half of his great Office and Employment rule XLI Let every Minister be careful that what he delivers be indeed the Word of God that his Sermon be answerable to the Text for this is Gods Word the other ought to be according to it that although in it self it be but the word of Man yet by the purpose truth and signification of it it may in a secondary sense be the Word of God rule XLII Do not spend your Sermons in general and indefinite things as in Exhortations to the people to get Christ to be united to Christ and things of the like unlimited signification but tell them in every duty what are the measures what circumstances what instruments and what is the particular minute meaning of every general Advice For Generals not explicated do but fill the peoples heads with empty notions and their mouths with perpetual unintelligible talk but their hearts remain empty and themselves are not edified rule XLIII Let not the humours and inclinations of the people be the measures of your Doctrines but let your Doctrines be the measure of their perswasions Let them know from you what they ought to do but if you learn from them what you ought to teach you will give but a very ill account at the day of Judgment of the souls committed to you He that receives from the people what he shall teach them is like a Nurse that asks of her Child what Physick she shall give him rule XLIV Every Minister in reproofs of sin and sinners ought to concern himself in the faults of them that are present but not of the absent nor in reproof of the times for this can serve no end but of Faction and Sedition publick Murmur and private Discontent besides this it does nothing but amuse the people in the faults of others teaching them to revile their Betters and neglect the dangers of their own souls rule XLV As it looks like flattery and design to preach nothing before Magistrates but the duty of their people and their own eminency so it is the beginning of Mutiny to preach to the people the duty of their Superiours and Supreme it can neither come from a good Principle nor tend to a good End Every Minister ought to preach to his Parish and urge their duty S. John the Baptist told the Souldiers what the Souldiers should do but troubled not their heads with what was the duty of the Scribes and Pharisees rule XLVI In the reproof of sins be as particular as you please and spare no mans sin but meddle with no mans person neither name any man nor signifie him neither reproach him nor make him to be suspected he that doth otherwise makes his Sermon to be a Libel and the Ministry of Repentance an instrument of Revenge and so doing he shall exasperate the man but never amend the sinner rule XLVII Let the business of your Sermons be to preach holy Life Obedience Peace Love among neighbours hearty love to live as the old Christians did and the new should to do hurt to no man to do good to every man For in these things the honour of God consists and the Kingdom of the Lord Jesus rule XLVIII Press those Graces most that do most good and make the least noise such as giving privately and forgiving publickly and prescribe the grace of Charity by all the measures of it which are given by the Apostle 1 Cor. 13. For this grace is not finished by good words nor yet by good works but it is a great building and many materials go to the structure of it It is worth your study for it is the fulfilling of the Commandments rule XLIX Because it is impossible that Charity should live unless the lust of the tongue be mortified let
neither tempteth he any man God is true and every man a lyar rule LXIII Let no Preacher compare one Ordinance with another as Prayer with Preaching to the disparagement of either but use both in their proper seasons and according to appointed Order rule LXIV Let no man preach for the praise of men but if you meet it instantly watch and stand upon your guard and pray against your own vanity and by an express act of acknowledgment and adoration return the praise to God Remember that Herod was for the omission of this smitten by an Angel and do thou tremble fearing left the judgment of God be otherwise than the sentence of the people V. Rules and Advices concerning Catechism rule LXV EVery Minister is bound upon every Lords day before Evening Prayer to instruct all young people in the Creed the Lords Prayer the Ten Commandments and the Doctrine of the Sacraments as they are set down and explicated in the Church Catechism rule LXVI Let a Bell be tolled when the Catechising is to begin that all who desire it may be present but let all the more ignorant and uninstructed part of the people whether they be old or young be requir'd to be present that no person in your Parishes be ignorant in the foundations or Religion Ever remembring that if in these things they be unskilful whatever is taught besides is like a house built upon the sand rule LXVII Let every Minister teach his people the use practice methods and benefits of meditation or mental prayer Let them draw out for them helps and rules for their assistance in it and furnish them with materials concerning the life and death of the ever blessed Jesus the greatness of God our own meanness the dreadful sound of the last Trumpet the infinite event of the two last sentences at doomsday let them be taught to consider what they have been what they are and what they shall be and above all things what are the issues of eternity glories never to cease pains never to be ended rule LXVIII Let every Minister exhort his people to a frequent confession of their sins and a declaration of the state of their Souls to a conversation with their Minister in spiritual things to an enquiry concerning all the parts of their duty for by preaching and catechising and private entercourse all the needs of Souls can best be serv'd but by preaching alone they cannot rule LXIX Let the people be exhorted to keep Fasting days and the Feasts of the Church according to their respective capacities so it be done without burden to them and without becoming a snare that is that upon the account of Religion and holy desires to please God they spend some time in Religion besides the Lords-day but be very careful that the Lords-day be kept religiously according to the severest measures of the Church and the commands of Authority ever remembring that as they give but little Testimony of Repentance and Mortification who never fast so they give but small evidence of their joy in God and Religion who are unwilling solemnly to partake of the publick and Religious Joys of the Christian Church rule LXX Let every Minister be diligent in exhorting all Parents and Masters to send their Children and Servants to the Bishop at the Visitation or other solemn times of his coming to them that they may be confirm'd And let him also take care that all young persons may by understanding the Principles of Religion their vow of Baptism the excellency of Christian Religion the necessity and advantages of it and of living according to it be fitted and disposed and accordingly by them presented to the Bishop that he may pray over them and invocate the holy Spirit and minister the holy Rite of Confirmation VI. Rules and Advices concerning the Visitation of the Sick rule LXXI EVery Minister ought to be careful in visiting all the Sick and Afflicted persons of his Parish ever remembring that as the Priests lips are to preserve knowledge so it is his duty to minister a word of comfort in the time of need rule LXXII A Minister must not stay till he be sent for but of his own accord and care to go to them to examine them to exhort them to perfect their repentance to strengthen their faith to encourage their patience to perswade them to resignation to the renewing of their holy vows to the love of God to be reconcil'd to their neighbours to make restitution and amends to confess their sins to settle their estate to provide for their charges to do acts of piety and charity and above all things that they take care they do not sin towards the end of their lives For if repentance on our death-bed seem so very late for the sins of our life what time shall be left to repent us of the sins we commit on our death-bed rule LXXIII When you comfort the afflicted endeavour to bring them to the true love of God for he that serves God for Gods sake it is almost impossible he should be oppressed with sorrow rule LXXIV In answering the cases of conscience of the sick or afflicted people consider not who asks but what he asks and consult in your answers more with the estate of his soul than the conveniency of his estate for no flattery is so fatal as that of the Physician or the Divine rule LXXV If the sick person enquires concerning the final estate of his soul he is to be reprov'd rather than answer'd only he is to be called upon to finish his duty to do all the good he can in that season to pray for pardon and acceptance but you have nothing to do to meddle with passing final sentences neither cast him down in despair nor raise him up to vain and unreasonable confidences But take care that he be not carelesly dismiss'd rule LXXVI In order to these and many other good purposes every Minister ought frequently to converse with his Parishioners to go to their houses but always publickly with witness and with prudence left what is charitably intended be scandalously reported and in all your conversation be sure to give good example and upon all occasions to give good counsel VII Of ministring the Sacraments publick Prayers and other duties of Ministers rule LXXVII EVery Minister is oblig'd publickly or privately to read the Common Prayers every day in the week at Morning and Evening and iâ— great Towns and populous places conveniently inhabited it must be read in Churches that the daily sacrifice of Prayer and Thanksgiving may never cease rule LXXVIII The Minister is to instruct the people that the Baptism of their children ought not to be ordinarily deferr'd longer than till the next Sunday after the birth of the child left importune and unnecessary delay occasion that the child die before it is dedicated to the service of God and the Religion of the Lord Jesus before it be born again admitted to the Promises of the Gospel
and reckon'd in the account of the second Adam rule LXXIX Let every Minister exhort and press the people to a devout and periodical Communion at the least three times in the year at the great Festivals but the devouter sort and they who have leisure are to be invited to a frequent Communion and let it be given and received with great reverence rule LXXX Every Minister ought to be well skill'd and studied in saying his Office in the Rubricks the Canons the Articles and the Homilies of the Church that he may do his duty readily discreetly gravely and by the publick measures of the Laws To which also it is very useful that it be added that every Minister study the ancient Canons of the Church especially the Penitentials of the Eastern and Western Churches let him read good Books such as are approved by publick authority such which are useful wise and holy not the scriblings of unlearned parties but of men learned pious obedient and disinterested and amongst these such especially which describe duty and good life which minister to Faith and Charity to Piety and Devotion Cases of Conscience and solid expositions of Scripture Concerning which learned and wise persons are to be consulted rule LXXXI Let not a Curate of Souls trouble himself with any studies but such which concern his own or his people duty such as may enable him to speak well and to do well but to meddle not with controversies but such by which he may be enabled to convince the gainsayers in things that concern publick peace and a good life rule LXXXII Be careful in all the publick administrations of your Parish that the poor be provided for Think it no shame to beg for Christs poor members stir up the people to liberal alms by your word and your example Let a collection be made every Lords-day and upon all solemn meetings and at every Communion and let the Collection be wisely and piously administred ever remembring that at the day of Judgment nothing shall publickly be proclaimed but the reward of alms and mercy rule LXXXIII Let every Minister be sure to lay up a treasure of comforts and advices to bring forth for every mans need in the day of his trouble let him study and heap together Instruments and Advices for the promoting of every virtue and remedies and arguments against every vice let him teach his people to make acts of virtue not onely by external exercise but also in the way of Prayer and internal meditation In these and all things else that concern the Ministers duty if there be difficulty you are to repair to your Bishop for further advice assistance and information FINIS Heb. 7. 19. Ga. 3. 3. Gal. 6. 12 13. Phil. 3. 34. Sed Belzebulis callida Commenta Christus destruit De legibâ—â— l scire Prov 28. 14. S. Hier. in comment Isai. 8. Isidor l. 13. Orig. cap. 13. Comman in 12. Isai l. 6. in Ezek. c. 18. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Legat. pro Christianis Rom. 8. 13. Gal. 5. 16. Rom. 8. 7. 1 Joh. 3. 9. Matth. 7. 18. Heb. 12. 1. 1 Joh. 3. 8. 1 Joh. 4. 4. Mark 9. 23. Ille laudatur qui utâ—coeperint statim interficit cogitata allidit ad petram * Rom. 3. 28. 4. 5. 5. 1. 10. 10. Gal. 2. 16. James 2. 9. 1 Cor. 13. 2. Tuscul. 1. Iames. 2. 14. Gal. 5. 6. Gal. 6. 15. 1 Cor. 7. 19. Isai. 57. 21. Exod. 25. 7. Heb. 12. 14. Titus 3. 8. Hebr. 6. 1. 1 Joh. 3. 8. Eph. 5. 25. Tit. 2. 11. John 15. 2. Rom. 5. 8. 10. Rom. 8. 28. Rom. 4 25. Ecclus. 31 Rom. 8. 10. Plaut Captiv Rom. 8. 29. Rom. 2. 6 7 8. Joh. 6. 28. 29. 2 Pet. 1. 5. 2 Thes. 3. 2. 1 Tim. 5. 8. Heb. 11. Ecclus. 32. 24. Panar lib. 1. edit Basil. p. 8. l. 46. 2 Tim. 2. 16. Instit l. 5. c. 9. Mark 12. 24. Tit. 1. 16. 2 Thes. 2. 12. Lib. 3. EP. 69. Jerem. 9. 1. Esa. 26. 12. 2 Thes. 3 1. Cap. 24. 25. Epist. 73. ad Jubai 1 Tim. 6. 14. * Rom. 12. 6. Eph 4. 11. 1 Cor 12. 28. * Acts 1. 25. 1 Tim. 5. 19. 1 Tit. 11. 2 Titus 15. Cap. 2. v. 3. Gal. 1. 19. * 1 Cor. 8. 23. Philip. 2. 25. Psalm 45. 16. in 1 Cor. 12. in Psalm 44. Epist. 1. Simpronianum Epist. 65. ad Rogat Quast V. N. T. q. 197. Isa. 60.17 Hunc locum etiam citat S. Clemens Ep. ad Cor. Neh. 11. 10. 2 Kin 11. 18. Numb 4. 16. Epist. 2. ad Nepâ—â— Epistol ad Evagriuâ— Heb. 13 17 Acts 1. 25. Isai. 60. 17. 1 Pet. 5. 1. 5. Luke 22 27. Mark 10. 43. John 13. 13. Lib. 3. Tit. 1. 1 Tim. 1. 19 2 Tim. 3. 9. In Cap. 2. Zeph. Lib. 1. Ep. 4. Dial. adv Lucifer Eccle. 45. 26. Et 24 C. Concil Antioch 1 Cor. 4. 1 2 3. Jer. 3. 15. Heb. 13. 7. Zâ—ch 11. 7. Cap. 11. Prov. 6 3 4. D. Bernard ad Henr. Episc. Senensem 2 Tim. 2. Jâ—r 13. 20 21. Nullum malum majâ—â— aut infeliciter feraciâ—â— quâ—m inobedicâ—tia Seneca 1 Tim. 2. 1. Prov. 16. 10. L. 8. cod de veteri jure enucleando Petrâ— Cellensis lib. de Conscientia 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Num. 12. 6 7 8 Seneca * Rom. 16. 17. Seneca Prov. 24. 34. Ecclus. 5. 10. Vulg. Edit Lat. Psal. 111. 10. Psal. 119. Nazianz. ad Philagrium 2 Pet. 1. 1 John 2. 27. 1 Cor. 2. 14. Eph. 5. 14. Prov. 10. 31 32. John 14. 21. Rom. 1. 25 26. Eccl. 2. 26. John 14. 26 Lib. 2. Ethic. c. 1. Nullum bonum perfectè noscitur quod non perfectè amatur Aug. lib 83. qu. de gratia Christi Ecclus. 21. 11. Lib. de Con. summat seculi inter opera Ephrem Syri Synes hym 6. 1 Thes. 4 16. John 5. 28. Dracuntim de opere Dei Luke 14. 14. Rev. 20. 6. 1 Thes. 4. 16. Numb 1. 46. 3. 39. Seld. Hist. of Tythes c. 2. See Philo. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tract 25. in S. Matthew De scriptor Eccles. Epist. 30. Synes Ep. 57. a Tim. 1. 18. Il 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vide 1. Cor. 15. 18. 1. Thess. 4. â—6 Rev. 14. 13. John 5. 24. 2 Cor. 5. 8 6. 1 Thess. 5. 10. Prov. 2. 17. 2 Pet. 1. 5. 2 Pet. 1. 8. Heb. 12. 14. Gal. 6. 1. Numb 16. 9. Psal. 50. 16 17. Psal. 107. 42. Psal. 51. 13. Amos 5. 10. Mal. 2. Ciccro Act. 5. in Verrem Juvenal Numb 15. 5. Lev. 4. 35. Jer. 7. 16. 20. Exod. 30. 40. Ecclus. Micah 3. 11. Jer. 7. 19. Mich. 3. 7. Levit 4. Numb 15. Vide Origen homil 2. in Levit. Geoponic l. 14. Epist. 148. Origen Centrahaeres Verbi non sonâ— sed sensu sapiunt Hilar. Isid Orig. l. 6. c. 14. John 10. 37. Rom. 12. 7. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Eurip. Lib. 4. adv Parmen Ecclus. 6. 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉
when it is declared by Laws much easier may he be in an errour who goes upon his own account and declares alone and g. it is better to let things alone than to be troublesome to our Superiours by an impertinent wrangling for reformation We find that some Kings of Judah were greatly prais'd and yet they did not destroy all the Temples of the false gods which Solomon had built and if such publick persons might let some things alone that were amiss and yet be innocent trouble not your self that all the world is not amended according to your pattern see that you be perfect at home that all be rightly reform'd there as for reformation of the Church God will never call you to an account Some things cannot be reform'd and very many need not for all thy peevish dreams and after all it is twenty to one but thou art mistaken and thy Superiour is in the right and if thou wert not proud thou wouldst think so too Certain it is he that sows in the furrows of Authority his Doctrine cannot so easily be reprov'd as he that plows and sows alone When Theophilus Bishop of Alexandria fell into the hands of the Egyptian Monks who were ignorant and confident they handled him with great rudeness because he had spoken of the immateriality of the Divine Nature the good man to escape their fury was forc'd to give them crafty and soft words saying Vidi faciem vestram ut faciem Dei which because they understood in the sense of the Anthropomorphites and thought he did so too they let him depart in peace When private persons are rude against the Doctrines of Authority they are seldom in the right but g. are the more fierce as wanting the natural supports of truth which are Reason and Authority gentleness and plain conviction and g. they fall to declamation and railing zeal and cruelty trifling and arrogant confidencies They seldom go asunder It is the same word in Greek that signifies disobedience and cruelty 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is both he that will endure no bridle that man hath no mercy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Confidence is that which will endure no bridle no curb no Superiour It is worse in the Hebrew the Sons of Belial signifie people that will endure no yoke no Government no imposition and we have found them so they are Sons of Belial indeed This is that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that kind of boldness and refractory confidence that S. Paul forbids to be in a Minister of Religion 1 Tit. 7. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not confident that is let him be humble and modest distrusting his own judgment believing wiser men than himself never bold against Authority never relying on his own wit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 said Aristotle that man is bold and presumptuous who pleases himself and sings his own Songs all voluntary nothing by his Book 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 said the Tragedy Every confident man is ignorant and by his ignorance troublesome to his Country but will never do it honour 4. Whatever Scriptures you pretend for your Doctrine take heed that it be not chargeable with foul consequences that it lay no burden upon God that it do not tempt to vanity that it be not manifestly serving a temporal end and nothing else that it be not vehemently to be suspected to be a design of State like the Sermon at Pauls-Cross by Dr Shaw in Richard the Third's time that it do not give countenance and confidence to a wicked life for then your Doctrine is reproveable for the appendage and the intrinsick truth or falshood will not so much be inquir'd after as the visible and external objection if men can reprove it in the outside they will inquire no further But above all things nothing so much will reproach your Doctrine as if you preach it in a railing dialect we have had too much of that within these last 30 years Optatus observes it was the trick of the Donatists Nullus vestrum est qui non convitia nostra suis tractatibus misceat There is none of you but with his own writings mingles our reproaches you begin to read Chapters and you expound them to our injuries you comment upon the Gospel and revile your brethren that are absent you imprint hatred and enmity in your peoples hearts and you teach them war when you pretend to make them Saints They do so their Doctrine is not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that 's the least which can be said If you will not have your Doctrine reprehensible do nothing with offence and above all offences avoid the doing or saying those things that give offence to the King and to the Laws to the voice of Christendom and the publick Customs of the Church of God Frame your life and preachings to the Canons of the Church to the Doctrines of Antiquity to the sense of the ancient and holy Fathers For it is otherwise in Theology then it is in other Learnings The experiments of Philosophy are rude at first and the observations weak and the principles unprov'd and he that made the first lock was not so good a work-man as we have now adays But in Christian Religion they that were first were best because God and not man was the Teacher and ever since that we have been unlearning the wise notices of pure Religion and mingling them with humane notices and humane interest Quod primum hoc verum and although concerning Antiquity I may say as he in the Tragedy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 I would have you be wise with them and under them and follow their faith but not their errours yet this can never be of use to us till Antiquity be convicted of an errour by an authority great as her own or a reason greater and declar'd by an authoriz'd Master of Sentences But however be very tender in reproving a Doctrine for which good men and holy have suffer'd Martyrdom and of which they have made publick confession for nothing reproves a Doctrine so much as to venture it abroad with so much scandal and objection and what reason can any Schismatick have against the Common Prayer-book able to weigh against that argument of blood which for the testimony of it was shed by the Q. Mary Martyrs I instance the advice in this particular but it is true in all things else of the like nature It was no ill advice whoever gave it to the favourite of a Prince Never make your self a profess'd enemy to the Church for their interest is so complicated with the publick and their calling is so dear to God that one way or other one time or other God and man will be their defender The same I say concerning Authority and Antiquity never do any thing never say or profess any thing against it for besides that if you follow their measures you will be secur'd in your faith and in your main duty even in smaller things