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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A42086	A late voyage to Constantinople containing an exact description of the Proportis and Hellespont, with the Dardanels, and what else is remarkable in those seas, as also of the city of Constantinople ... : likewise an account of the ancient and present state of the Greek Church, with the religion and manner of worship of the Turks, their ecclesiastical government, their courts of justice, and civil employments : illustrated ... in fourteen copper-plates ... / published by command of the French King by Monsieur William Joseph Grelot ; made English by J. Philips.; Relation nouvelle d'un voyage de Constantinople. English	Grelot, Guillaume-Joseph, b. ca. 1630.; Phillips, John, 1631-1706.	1683 (1683)	Wing G1934; ESTC R5793	148,879	261

new Patriarch has impos'd upon them unless they intend that others shall be substituted in their places To such a miserable condition has Schism Vain-glory and Simony reduc'd the Greek Church that it is now no more than the shadow of what it was formerly Of the Archbishops Bishops Caloyers Priests and other Officers of the Greek Church THE chiefest in Degree next the Patriarch are the Archbishops who have under them several Suffragans though as well the Patriarch as the Archbishops and Bishops ought all to be of the Order of Caloyers and to observe the Rules which they profess'd in their Convents And indeed all these great Prelates live after one and the same manner abstaining from Flesh performing the same Duties in the Church and having the same Religious persons under them that is to say Regular and Secular Priests The Regular Priests or Papas Hiereus are such as never marry the Secular Priests or Cosmicos Hiereus are admitted that liberty but not above once in their lives nor to above one Woman at a time But both the one and the other perform the same Duties in the Church and read the same Office Which is so tedious that it takes up at least six hours in a day to go through with it Which is the reason that they easily dispense with the greatest part of it either for want of time or good will or else because they have not wherewithall to buy them Books enough to compleat their Breviary These Books are about six in number all of them but one or two large Folio's printed at Venice for the most part The first is the Triodion to be read in Lent the second Eucologion containing all their Prayers the third Paraclitiki comprehending all the Hymns Anthems and Songs in honour of the holy Virgin of which they have a vast number the fourth is the Penticestarion where is the Office to be read from Easter to Whitsontide the fifth is the Mineon containing the Offices for every Month and the sixth the Horologion which ought to be read every day in regard it contains all their Canonical Prayers The length of this Office and the price of the Books is the reason that hardly any of the Bishops Priests or Caloyers ever put themselves to the trouble of reading it There are none that think it worth their while unless it be at Mount Athos or the Holy Mountain Neomogni in the Island of Chio and some few other well-govern'd Convents For all the rest of the Greek Clergy presume to lay it aside of their own accord without expecting a Dispensation from the Bishops who not having leasure to read it themselves set them an Example which they are no less willing to follow I should indeed have put the Order of Caloyers before the Bishops nay the Patriarch himself since there is not any who can pretend to those Degrees unless he be a Caloyer But in regard it is not the custom so to do among the Roman Catholics these honest Caloyers shall give me leave for once to place them in the rank which best becomes their seeming Humility Now this I must needs say that take away their Ambition and their Vanity the Caloyers lead most strict and exemplary Lives Like the Religious Orders of the Church of Rome they make the three Vows of Poverty Chastity and Obedience and they observe them very exactly especially in all the great Convents Monte Sina Sancta Saba St. Michael of Ierusalem and those before mention'd To this purpose they never eat Meat but live upon Pulse Herbs and Fruits which they manure themselves in the Lands adjoyning to their Convents They who are near the Sea may eat Fish unless it be in Lent and then it is a Sin so much as to mention the words Fish Butter or Cheese without the following Parenthesis Timi tis agias Saracostis With respect to the holy Lent be it spoke And by their Example the people are no less observers of that abstemious Season All these Caloyers being compriz'd under the three Orders of St. Basil St. Elias and St. Marcellus wear the same Habit and observe almost all the same Rule Every one of these Convents have their Superiours the Friers and the Novices with the Lay-Brothers The Superiour is call'd Higoumenos or Conductor for the Title of Archimandritis or Abbot is not so much us'd among them This Higoumenos is very much reverenc'd by the Monks especially in the great Monasteries for in the lesser where there are several of equal standing they have much ado to preserve their Authority especially when they enjoyn any displeasing Penance farther than such a number of Genuflexions or Fastings For as for any other more rigorous the Superiours dare not so much as mention them fearing if they should threaten the Monks with severer Punishments lest they should drive them to a trick they have got of not only renouncing their Superiours authority but the Christian Religion and to make some rash Oath to turn Turk by lifting their hands to Heaven a Wickedness so frequent among them that there is hardly any considerable Town in all the Ottoman Empire where you shall not meet some of these Kachi's Muhammed Papas Mustapha Murat Carabache that is to say several Monks and Priests Armenians Syrians Greeks and others who throw away their Cassocks and Caps in exchange for the Turbant which is of very ill consequence for if these people are marry'd and happen to have Children all the Males above 15 years of age are bound to follow their Father's Religion Though if they be of riper years they are permitted to live at home with their Mothers and Sisters in the Christian Faith So that the fear of losing absolutely those which they would only chastise according to their merit causes the Superiours to be very cautious of inflicting severe Penances unless upon such as are willing to submit to whatever they impose or are very Criminal indeed To this purpose I shall relate a short Story which happen'd in Syria while I was there Near to Damas stands a very fair Convent of Nuns and Monks I put the Nuns first because the place belongs properly to them This Monastry lies five or fix Leagues from Damas to the Northwest dedicated to the holy Virgin under the name of Esseidé Saidnaia It is seated one part at the foot of a Mountain belonging to the Monks the other part at the top belonging to the Nuns Both the one and the other wear black and obey the Order of St. Anthony Now in regard these Nuns live much after the same rate of the Nuns of the Ave Mary at Paris a young Frier weary of the solitude of his Convent bethought himself under pretence of the begging Trade which those honest Virgins drive over all the Jurisdiction of the Patriarch of Antiochia to take a mumping Ramble all over Syria but not understanding the Limits to which the begging Trade of the Convent of Saidnaia was confin'd because he would not be

schism among the Armenians that all those who live in Turkie are now separated from their ancient Brethren and refuse the Bishop of Ierusalem's Myron who by the authority of the Grand Signor had usurp'd the Patriarchship of the Armenians and maintains his ground notwithstanding all the suits in Law commenced against him and great sums of mony expended by the former Patriarch who thereupon came the last year to Constantinople to try whether he could bring the Ierusalem Bishop to an accommodation and to take his Myron of him again as he did before This Oyl is boyl'd in a great Kettle with several odoriferous herbs and drugs and the wood that feeds the fire is all sacred fuel as the Relicks of broken Images torn books and such other Church-moveables as have been formerly consecrated to pious uses Nor will all this serve unless it be made and bless'd by the Patriarch himself and three or four Metropolitan Bishops who in their pontifical habits and with their devoutest Prayers continually attend the Composition from the Vespers of Palm-Sunday till Holy-Thursday Mass which is celebrated upon the great Jar where this precious Oyl is put up for use And this is that holy Oyl employ'd in all Unctions of Baptisme and Confirmation which is never twice apply'd to the same person But there is another Oyl which they call Eukoloon or the blessed Oyl of Prayer which the Greeks frequently make use of to anoint those who are in perfect health but the Latines never but only to the gasping The Greeks also give it at great feasts to those who have confess'd and receiv'd the Communion but then they apply it only to the forehead and hands and the Priest when he performs the Ceremony repeats the end of the seventh verse of the 122 Psalm 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Net is broken and we are escap'd The fourth sort of Unction in the Greek Church is that which is given to the Priests whether Caloyers single men or Marry'd for the Sacrament of the Order is common to both Therefore when any person desires to be ordain'd a Priest he is first examin'd whether he can Write and Read for it is now adays a very great accomplishment among the Greeks to have study'd so far there being several admitted to the Priesthood that can do neither Being thus examin'd by his Pneumaticos or Confessor who is many times as ignorant as himself he is presented to the Bishop who upon the report of the spiritual Father gives him his Orders yet so as the ceremonie is not compleated in less than Three days one after another nor till the Bishop be satisfy'd of his life and conversation nor till he is proclaim'd in a full Congregation axios or worthy The Sacrament of Penitence among the Greeks at this day consists only in rehearsing their sins to the Pneumaticos and undergoing the penance enjoyn'd However this recital is made without any serious examination of the confession last made nor accompa●y'd with any act of true sorrow or contrition 'T is sufficient that they sit down in a Cha●r by the Confessor and in that commodious posture make him a rehearsal of their faults themselves or else tarry to hear what questions their Confessor will ask them and then patiently receive his injunctions of mild Penance which amounts to such a number of knee-bendings or so many Almes which is more welcome The next morning or it may be the same day after the Priest has receiv'd himself he sings with a loud voice at the great door of the Sanctuary 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Approach in the fear of God in Faith and Charity and then all the Communicants crowd to the said door at what time the Priest taking up the Chalice in his left hand fill'd with Wine and sops of Bread and a Spoon in his right hand which they call Labidi he distributes a spoonful of Bread and Wine to very one not excepting the young Lads of Thirteen or Fourteen years of age at which years the Greeks think 'em able to advise themselves more especially seeing that it would be unreasonable to deny the Communion to such when they administer it to sucking Infants The people throng in great numbers to this Metalambasis or Communion which they receive without ever kneeling And indeed there is no other posture at Church in fashion than that of standing among the Greeks And for this reason it is that instead of Seats and Pews you see nothing in their Churches but your Dekanikiai which are a certain sort of staves about four and five foot in length headed like Crutches and upon these Crutches they lean and rest themselves when they are weary with standing up right And in this posture they also receive the Communion under both kinds of Bread and Wine mix'd together in the same Potirion and with the same spoon without any thing of squeamishness or distast one of another not believing that any one who approaches the Eucharist can receive harm or infection of his Neighbour Yet the Priests are so civil that if they see any one with an apparent pair of scabbie chops or that has any other foul disease about him they will forbear to nauseat the stomachs of the rest but order them to stay and receive a-part though if they should be so clownish as to make no dictinction 't would be reckon'd no great crime In other respects there is that disorder in the administration of the Sacrament that the crowd of people thronging in upon the Priest cause him many times to spill the sacred liquor upon their Cloaths and often upon the ground Which proves a sad accident to the poor Priest who cannot perhaps help the unruliness of the Multitude For the Bishop being inform'd of this mischance presently suspends the unfortunate Papa many times for five or six years The Person thus suspended is called Argos as it were to teach the Priest that he who will undertake to hold such a blessed Liquor in his hand ought to have Argus's eyes in his head and that if he miscarry in his duty he deserves no less than the punishment of that same drousie Guardian As concerning Marriage the Ceremonies of performance vary according to the custom of the Country though the essential part of the Sacrament be the same But the same Person cannot Marry above three times insomuch that a person that has been Marry'd above three times is pointed at as we point at Cut-purses or common Shop-lifters in the street Now when two young couple are to be Marry'd supposing they be pass'd the Age of Thirteen years their Parents agree together and make up the Match without ever acquainting the young couple unless it be at Chios and some other places in the Archipelago where the young couple are too yare for their Parents and agreeing upon the business between themselves are Marry'd several Months many times before their Parents know any thing of the matter And as these sort of

all things that he would be pleas'd to inspire the most puissant Monarch in the Universe with a design which would not fail of success under the conduct of his Piety and supported by the Valour of a Prince who justly merits the Title of most Christian King and happily Victorious FINIS THE INDEX HOw to furnish ones self for a Voyage to Constantinople p. 1 A Draught of the Hellespont and Propontis 2 The Hellespont how bounded ibid Village of Infidels why so call'd 3 Plenty of Provision there ibid. Xanthus and Scamander famous Rivers why ibid. The New Castle of Asia describ'd 4 Turks Bread not so white as ours why 5 Ruins of Troy describ'd 6 Island of Tenedos 8 An Adventure of the Authors with two French Officers 9 A Relation of Two famous Exploits perform'd by the Venetians against the Turks 11 The New Castle of Europe describ'd 15 The Ignorance of the people which border on the Hellespont 16 The Dardanels describ'd 17 Why so call'd 18 Witchraft of the Inhabitants 19 The manner of Saluting these Castles 21 A remarkable story of a French Admiral 22 Lampsacus Magnesia and Myus describ'd 26 Gallipoli describ'd 27 Directions for Sea men how to steer through the Hellespont ibid. The Propontis why so call'd its extent and situation 28 Cyzicum its ancient and present state 29 Nice Describ'd 31 Montagniac formerly Apamea describ'd 32 Nicomedia an historical account of it 33 An accident that happen'd to the Author 36 A Mahometan Miracle 37 The Sea of Calcedon its extent 38 Fanari-Kios● a House of Pleasure belonging to the Grand Signor describ'd ibid. Calcedon its History 40 Rodosto a particular account of it 43 Perinthus or Heraclea describ'd 44 Polygamie not the best way to people a Country 48 Cotton how sow'n and gather'd 49 A remarkable story of the deliverance of a Venetian from Turkish slavery 50 Isles of Marmara their Description 52 Isles of the Princes describ'd 54 Caloyers their manner of living 55 The Draught and Description of Constantinople 57 It s admirable situation 59 Its Plenty 60 Its Antiquity and various Names 61 Its form and extent 64 Its Walls and Gates with a description of the Castle of the seven Towers 65 The liberty of the Prisoners in that Castle 66 An Account of Bellisarius's Tower and the Historical Pillar 68 What befell a ra●h young Traveller who ascended that Pillar 69 The Fountain of Sanctification much reverenc'd by the Greeks 71 Chief Gardiner's Kiosc describ'd ibid. A Description of Two rich Kiosc's built by Sultan Soliman 74 The Circuit and Inhabitants of the Grand Seraglio 76 A Draught of the Seraglio 77 The French Kings question about the Seraglio and the Author's answer 78 The only probable way of getting into the Womens Apartments 79 A Draught of the Gate of the Seraglio and its explanation 80 Sancta Sophia by whom founded 81 It s Rebuilding and several Repairs 83 Its forms and dimensions and description 85 A Draught of the Platform and its explanation 90 The Turks opinion about Our Saviour's Crucifiction 99 A reflexion upon the Greeks and such Travellers as have not been faithful in their Relations about Sancta Sophia 103 A Draught of the North West Prospect of this Church 104 The Outside describ'd 106 A Pleasant Relation of what happen'd to the Author about his drawing the inside of Sancta Sophia 110 A Draught of its South Prospect 117 The South Prospect describ'd 118 Fountains always adjoyning to their Mosquees and why 119 A Draught of the inside of Sancta Sophia the East end 121 Its Description 122 A Draught of the inside of Sancta Sophia the West end 128 The Author in great danger 129 The Description of the West end 131 The ancient and present state of the Greek Church 136 Their Patriarch ibid. The Simony and corruption us'd to attain the Patriarchship 138 The manner of installing the Patriarch 139 Their Archbishops Bishops c. 141 The Caloyers 142 Their Discipline 143 A story of a young Frier 144 The Lay-brothers 146 The Secular Priests 147 The great care used by the Greek Deacons in the choise of their Wives 148 The Officers of the Greek Church 150 Their manner of celebrating the feast of Saint Michael ibid. Their Celebration of Easter 154 A strange custome with a pleasant Accident 155 Stratagems used by the Greek Priests to open the Purses of the Laity 156 Their Faith and general ignorance 158 Their Sacraments How they baptise 159 Their Holy Oyl and the dispute between the Armenians and them about it 160 Sacrament of the Order 161 Sacrament of Penitence 162 The Eucharist how receiv'd 163 Their Marriages 164 A politick Law 165 Their Festivals 166 A strange and idle custome of the Women in Mitylene 167 The Religious Worship of the Turks and how they ought to be qualified 169 Their Faith and how they came to believe in only one God 170 Their Circumcision how perform'd 173 A wise Saying of the Turks 176 Three sorts of Renegado's 177 The Turks opinion of such as dye before Circumcision 178 Their duty towards their Neighbour 179 Scolding or Fighting how punish'd 180 A Story of a French Slave and the civility of his Turkish Master 181 The Civility of some Turkish Merchants to the Author 182 Their times of publick Prayer 183 How they are called thereto 184 A Tragical story of a Greek boy 185 The Ablutions of the Turks in general 186 Their Baths 187 Their too frequent use prejudicial 188 Their manner of washing and scrubbing 190 The cleanliness of the Turks 192 Their venerable esteem for Paper 193 A merry story of a Mahometan 194 The Turks Gouslu or Purification 196 Their Abdest or Ablution 197 A story of a Mahometan Heretick 198 The colours worn in Turkie and their veneration for Green 200 The witty answer of Sha Abbas Emperour of Persia to the Grand Signor'● Embassador 201 The Turks devout behaviour during Prayer time 202 The Discourse of a Greek Christian with the Author 203 The Relation and Draught of the severl postures used by the Turks during Prayer 205 Some of their Prayers 206 What they do after Prayers 208 Of their Mosquees or Temples 209 The Description of Sultan Achmet's Mosquee 210 A Draught of its Elevation and Platform 214 The description of Sultan Soliman's Mosquee 215 A Draught of the Elevation of the Solimany 219 A Draught of its Platform 221 The description of Validea's Mosquee 223 Its Draught 226 The North East Wind dangerous to Constantinople 225 The Relation of a great Shipwrack 227 The East and West Wind most troublesome to the Ships in Harbour 228 Number of Mosquees in Constantinople and Turkey 229 A pleasant story of a Dervich 230 Mahometan Ecclesiastical Officers 231 Their Hospitals and Fountains 233 Their Courts of Iustice. 234 Several Crimes how punish'd 235 A pleasant story of an Antiochian Merchant 236 Employments of the Turks 239 Their Cookery 240 A saying