to_o do_v what_o he_o will_v not_o restraint_n be_v exercise_v by_o imprisonment_n and_o captivity_n or_o in_o the_o hindrance_n of_o the_o use_n of_o thing_n necessary_a for_o life_n as_o meat_n drink_v sleep_v etc._n etc._n constraint_n be_v exercise_v by_o beat_v wound_v or_o the_o like_a force_n upon_o the_o body_n or_o the_o fear_n of_o it_o whereby_o any_o thing_n be_v extort_a 5._o though_o liberty_n be_v the_o most_o precious_a right_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o absolute_a but_o limit_v first_o by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o our_o obediential_a obligation_n to_o he_o and_o to_o man_n by_o his_o ordinance_n and_o so_o though_o man_n have_v power_n of_o his_o own_o person_n yet_o have_v he_o no_o power_n of_o his_o own_o life_n or_o his_o member_n to_o dispose_v of_o they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n either_o by_o take_v away_o of_o his_o life_n or_o amputation_n or_o hurt_v of_o any_o member_n by_o himself_o or_o by_o give_v power_n to_o any_o other_o so_o to_o do_v unless_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o preserve_v the_o whole_a but_o he_o be_v natural_o oblige_v to_o god_n to_o maintain_v his_o life_n so_o likewise_o man_n may_v be_v restrain_v or_o constrain_v by_o other_o without_o encroachment_n upon_o the_o law_n of_o liberty_n in_o the_o pursuance_n of_o other_o obediential_a obligation_n as_o a_o husband_n have_v power_n to_o restrain_v his_o wife_n from_o her_o liberty_n of_o go_v where_o she_o will_v and_o may_v keep_v she_o within_o the_o bound_n of_o conjugal_a society_n so_o may_v parent_n restrain_v their_o child_n and_o also_o constrain_v they_o to_o the_o performance_n of_o moral_a duty_n and_o that_o without_o any_o engagement_n or_o law_n we_o may_v also_o without_o any_o injury_n restrain_v a_o furious_a person_n or_o one_o who_o be_v infer_v violence_n to_o himself_o in_o his_o life_n or_o limb_n because_o this_o be_v not_o against_o any_o act_n of_o his_o lawful_a liberty_n and_o be_v do_v as_o a_o duty_n in_o we_o of_o love_n and_o mercy_n but_o in_o matter_n of_o utility_n and_o profit_n where_o the_o natural_a liberty_n be_v not_o hem_v in_o with_o a_o obligation_n there_o unless_o by_o his_o own_o delinquence_n or_o consent_n man_n can_v just_o be_v restrain_v much_o less_o constrain_v upon_o pretence_n of_o his_o utility_n or_o profit_n for_o liberty_n as_o far_o preferable_a to_o profit_v and_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o utility_n every_o man_n be_v leave_v to_o his_o own_o choice_n and_o can_v without_o injury_n to_o god_n and_o man_n be_v hinder_v to_o do_v what_o he_o please_v or_o be_v compel_v to_o do_v what_o he_o please_v not_o in_o thing_n wherein_o he_o be_v free_a as_o grotius_n say_v de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 22._o pag._n 2._o non_fw-la enim_fw-la si_fw-la quid_fw-la alicui_fw-la ntile_fw-la est_fw-la id_fw-la statim_fw-la mihi_fw-la licet_fw-la ei_fw-la per_fw-la vim_o imponere_fw-la nam_fw-la his_fw-la qui_fw-la rationis_fw-la habent_fw-la usum_fw-la libera_fw-la esse_fw-la debet_fw-la utilium_fw-la multilinimve_fw-la electio_fw-la nisi_fw-la alterijus_fw-la quodam_fw-la in_o eos_fw-la quaesitum_fw-la sit_fw-la 6._o liberty_n may_v be_v diminish_v or_o take_v away_o by_o our_o delinquence_n in_o the_o way_n of_o punishment_n for_o see_v it_o be_v a_o right_n in_o our_o own_o power_n as_o good_n and_o debt_n may_v be_v forfault_v by_o our_o delinquence_n so_o may_v our_o liberty_n in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n 7._o three_o our_o engagement_n do_v common_o import_v a_o diminution_n of_o our_o personal_a liberty_n but_o much_o more_o of_o that_o natural_a liberty_n of_o thing_n without_o we_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o law_n allow_v personal_a execution_n or_o restraint_n and_o incarceration_n of_o the_o debtor_n person_n until_o he_o do_v all_o the_o deed_n that_o be_v in_o his_o power_n for_o the_o satisafction_n of_o his_o creditor_n 8._o liberty_n be_v diminish_v by_o subjection_n unto_o authority_n for_o as_o man_n by_o nature_n be_v a_o free_a creature_n in_o his_o own_o power_n he_o do_v then_o become_v in_o the_o power_n of_o other_o whether_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o a_o society_n where_o the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o plurality_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o natural_a and_o free_a choice_n of_o particular_a person_n or_o whether_o the_o authority_n be_v state_v in_o a_o few_o person_n or_o in_o one_o sovereign_a 9_o five_o liberty_n be_v whole_o take_v off_o by_o bondage_n slavery_n or_o servitude_n which_o be_v diametrical_o opposite_a to_o liberty_n for_o as_o liberty_n be_v that_o power_n by_o which_o man_n be_v svi_fw-la juris_fw-la so_o by_o servitude_n they_o become_v alieni_fw-la juris_fw-la in_o the_o power_n of_o another_o unto_o who_o they_o become_v as_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o good_n in_o their_o patrimony_n and_o be_v possess_v by_o they_o and_o may_v be_v gift_v legated_a sell_v and_o otherways_o dispose_v of_o at_o their_o pleasure_n l._n 4._o ff_n de_fw-fr statu_fw-la hominis_fw-la l._n qui_fw-la in_o servitute_fw-la ff_n deregulis_fw-la juris_fw-la so_o that_o master_n have_v among_o the_o roman_n and_o almost_o every_o where_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n of_o their_o slave_n l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-mi his_o qui_fw-la sunt_fw-la svi_fw-la vel_fw-la alieni_fw-la juris_fw-la though_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o emperor_n do_v restrain_v that_o power_n to_o moderate_a chastisement_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o former_a law_n §_o 2._o and_o next_o ensue_a servant_n be_v whole_o their_o master_n they_o can_v have_v nothing_o of_o their_o own_o l._n acquiritur_fw-la de_fw-la acquirendo_fw-la rerum_fw-la dominio_fw-la so_o that_o their_o peculium_fw-la which_o their_o master_n commit_v to_o they_o to_o negotiate_v with_o be_v whole_o in_o their_o master_n power_n and_o may_v be_v take_v away_o at_o his_o pleasure_n l._n 4._o ff_n de_fw-fr peculio_fw-la neither_o can_v they_o be_v liable_a to_o any_o obligation_n l._n nec_fw-la servus_n 41._o ff_n de_fw-fr peculio_fw-la neither_o can_v there_o be_v any_o civil_a action_n for_o or_o against_o they_o l._n in_o personam_fw-la ff_n 22._o de_fw-la regulis_fw-la juris_fw-la neither_o can_v they_o be_v witness_n procuratoss_n or_o arbiter_n l._n cum_fw-la seru._n ff_n de_fw-fr regulis_fw-la juris_fw-la yea_o and_o they_o be_v account_v as_o no_o body_n or_o as_o dead_a man_n l._n 32._o de_fw-fr reg._n jur._n l._n 7._o the_o testib_n l._n 6._o cod._n de_fw-fr judiciis_fw-la l._n 7._o the_o recep_n qui_fw-fr arb_n 10._o bondage_n be_v introduce_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o it_o be_v among_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o nation_n settle_v by_o common_a consuetude_n and_o it_o take_v first_o place_n in_o the_o these_o who_o be_v take_v in_o war_n who_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o their_o enemy_n sword_n do_v loss_n their_o liberty_n in_o lieu_n of_o their_o life_n such_o also_o be_v these_o who_o sell_v their_o liberty_n and_o give_v it_o up_o and_o be_v content_a to_o be_v perpetual_a slave_n as_o be_v the_o jewish_a bondman_n who_o ear_n be_v pierce_v with_o a_o awl_n as_o the_o solemnity_n of_o their_o perpetual_a and_o willing_a servitude_n the_o offspring_n of_o servant_n remain_v in_o their_o servile_a condition_n and_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o roman_a law_n it_o follow_v the_o mother_n and_o not_o the_o father_n partus_fw-la sequitur_fw-la ventrem_fw-la and_o in_o some_o case_n both_o by_o the_o judicial_a law_n and_o the_o roman_a law_n free_a parent_n may_v sell_v and_o give_v their_o child_n into_o bondage_n 11._o bondage_n though_o contrair_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o liberty_n yet_o it_o be_v lawful_a liberty_n be_v a_o right_n alienable_a and_o in_o our_o disposel_n so_o that_o the_o natural_a law_n constitute_v we_o free_a but_o put_v no_o necessity_n on_o we_o so_o to_o continue_v and_o therefore_o servitude_n be_v both_o approven_v in_o the_o old_a testament_n and_o in_o the_o new_a it_o be_v clear_v against_o that_o obvious_a objection_n that_o be_v make_v free_a by_o christ_n we_o shall_v not_o become_v the_o servant_n of_o man_n to_o which_o the_o apostle_n answer_v be_v thou_o call_v be_v a_o servant_n or_o slave_n continue_v so_o for_o nevertheless_o thou_o be_v christ_n freeman_n but_o yet_o christian_a lenity_n and_o mercy_n have_v almost_o take_v away_o bondage_n except_o among_o the_o spaniard_n portugal_n and_o other_o christian_a nation_n border_v upon_o the_o turk_n where_o because_o the_o turk_n do_v extreme_o exercise_v slavery_n especial_o upon_o christian_n their_o neighbour_n do_v the_o like_a that_o they_o may_v have_v slave_n to_o exchange_v with_o slave_n little_a of_o slavery_n remain_v elsewhere_o among_o christian_n except_o the_o ascriptitii_n who_o be_v not_o absolute_o slave_n but_o they_o and_o their_o posterity_n be_v bind_v to_o several_a service_n to_o ferm_n and_o village_n to_o which_o by_o reason_n thereof_o only_o they_o be_v in_o bondage_n and_o their_o master_n can_v apply_v they_o to_o other_o
who_o come_v in_o their_o place_n and_o be_v nominate_v of_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n ambulatory_a and_o the_o senator_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n be_v invest_v with_o the_o power_n of_o both_o and_o their_o person_n and_o the_o place_n of_o judicature_n become_v fix_v and_o have_v so_o continue_v near_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n this_o court_n be_v much_o improven_v by_o your_o majesty_n royal_a grandfather_n who_o delight_v exceed_o in_o it_o and_o honouredit_v frequent_o with_o his_o presence_n while_o he_o be_v in_o scotland_n so_o do_v your_o royal_a father_n when_o he_o come_v to_o scotland_n to_o be_v crown_v and_o your_o majesty_n have_v own_v and_o encourage_v it_o more_o than_o any_o your_o majesty_n do_v not_o demand_n or_o expect_v great_a revenue_n from_o this_o kingdom_n that_o which_o we_o can_v be_v useful_a in_o to_o your_o majesty_n be_v our_o personal_a service_n and_o our_o firm_a adherence_n to_o your_o crown_n and_o monarchy_n and_o to_o your_o royal_a family_n in_o which_o we_o have_v a_o peculiar_a interest_n and_o which_o no_o time_n can_v communicate_v to_o any_o of_o your_o other_o dominion_n which_o they_o neither_o can_v claim_v nor_o shall_v invy_v that_o you_o be_v of_o our_o nation_n and_o have_v govern_v we_o during_o twenty_o century_n and_o more_o and_o by_o we_o you_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a king_n in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a and_o resplendent_a jewel_n in_o your_o crown_n what_o family_n on_o earth_n can_v parallel_v that_o motto_n which_o a_o hundred_o year_n ago_o be_v write_v about_o your_o royal_a ensign_n upon_o your_o palace_n nobis_fw-la haec_fw-la invicta_fw-la miserunt_fw-la centum_fw-la sex_n proavi_fw-la therefore_o your_o royal_a family_n have_v be_v betroth_v to_o a_o virgin_n crown_n which_o never_o know_v another_o husband_n and_o though_o it_o have_v be_v darken_v with_o cloud_n and_o recess_n yet_o never_o be_v and_o i_o hope_v never_o shall_v be_v in_o widuity_n the_o mutual_a affection_n betwixt_o your_o majesty_n royal_a family_n and_o this_o nation_n be_v a_o prime_a interest_n to_o both_o which_o shall_v be_v much_o encourage_v and_o improven_v your_o majesty_n without_o just_a ground_n of_o jealousy_n to_o your_o other_o kingdom_n may_v own_o a_o peculiar_a care_n of_o we_o and_o weought_v to_o 〈◊〉_d a_o singular_a kindness_n to_o and_o confidence_n in_o your_o majesty_n and_o your_o royal_a successor_n this_o may_v he_o so_o promove_v that_o your_o majesty_n may_v by_o treaty_n have_v army_n of_o this_o nation_n abroad_o entertain_v without_o your_o charge_n and_o ready_a at_o your_o call_n as_o you_o have_v dowglas_n regiment_n in_o france_n which_o may_v secure_v your_o peace_n at_o home_n and_o make_v you_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o less_o aid_n from_o your_o people_n you_o may_v also_o have_v thrive_a plantation_n abroad_o if_o these_o who_o every_o year_n go_v from_o this_o nation_n to_o seek_v their_o fortune_n abroad_o be_v direct_v and_o encourage_v and_o it_o be_v certain_o a_o great_a interest_n to_o keep_v the_o nation_n at_o home_n in_o constant_a affection_n index_n of_o the_o title_n of_o the_o whole_a book_n with_o the_o summary_n subjoin_v part_n i._n title_n i._n common_a principle_n of_o law_n 1_o description_n of_o law_n 2_o description_n and_o division_n of_o justice_n 3_o divine_a law_n 4_o reason_n 5_o conscience_n 6_o equity_n 7_o moral_a law_n 8_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n 9_o judicial_a law_n 10_o law_n of_o nation_n 11_o civil_a law_n 12_o feudal_n law_n 13_o canon_n law_n 14_o the_o reason_n of_o humane_a law_n 15_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n 16_o whether_o law_n may_v be_v handle_v as_o a_o rational_a discipline_n 17_o three_o common_a principle_n of_o equity_n and_o three_o of_o positive_a law_n 18_o obedience_n 19_o freedom_n 20_o engagement_n 21_o description_n and_o division_n of_o right_n 22_o method_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o method_n here_o propose_v title_n ii_o of_o liberty_n 1_o liberty_n describe_v 2_o liberty_n 〈◊〉_d from_o dominion_n and_o obligation_n 3_o the_o principle_n whence_o liberty_n arise_v 4_o restraint_n and_o constraint_n 5_o liberty_n be_v bound_v by_o obedience_n 6_o it_o be_v diminish_v by_o delinquence_n 7_o by_o engagement_n 8_o by_o subjection_n 9_o liberty_n be_v lose_v by_o bondage_n 10_o bondage_n introduce_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n 11_o bondage_n lawful_a 12_o manrent_n 13_o manumission_n 14_o patronage_n 15_o the_o condition_n of_o our_o servant_n 16_o injury_n agaio_v liberty_n how_o obviat_fw-la title_n iii_o of_o obligation_n 1_o personal_n right_n and_o obligation_n describe_v 2_o kind_n of_o obligation_n 3_o obediential_a obligation_n describe_v 4_o divide_v 5_o enumerat_fw-la 6_o obligation_n natural_a and_o civil_a 7_o obligation_n principal_a and_o accessary_n 8_o obligation_n pure_a conditional_a and_o to_o a_o day_n title_n iu._n conjugal_a obligation_n 1_o marriage_n a_o divine_a contract_n 2_o whereby_o marriage_n be_v formal_o constitute_v 3_o dissolution_n of_o marriage_n by_o death_n 4_o desertion_n and_o adherence_n 5_o jus_fw-la mariti_fw-la 6_o the_o husband_n obligation_n 7_o the_o power_n of_o the_o husband_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n 8_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o neighbour_n nation_n 9_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o scotland_n 10_o the_o wife_n escheat_n 11_o the_o husband_n be_v concourse_n 12_o a_o wife_n obligation_n null_a 13_o a_o communion_n of_o good_n and_o debt_n 14_o donation_n betwixt_o man_n and_o wife_n revocable_a 15_o dissolution_n of_o marriage_n within_o the_o year_n 16_o divorce_n 17_o right_n arise_v from_o the_o dissolution_n of_o marriage_n 18_o privilege_n of_o wife_n title_n v._o obligation_n between_o parent_n and_o child_n 1_o obligation_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n be_v divine_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2_o the_o power_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n 3_o in_o infancy_n 4_o in_o minority_n 5_o in_o majority_n 6_o oeconomical_a government_n 7_o provision_n of_o child_n 8_o obligation_n of_o child_n to_o their_o parent_n 9_o aliment_n due_a to_o parent_n 10_o obligation_n mutual_a of_o child_n 11_o patria_fw-la potestas_fw-la among_o the_o roman_n 12_o among_o other_o nation_n especial_o as_o lawful_a administration_n 13_o forissawiliation_n and_o emancipation_n title_n vi_o obligation_n of_o tutor_n and_o curator_n pupil_n minor_n and_o person_n interdict_v 1_o the_o rise_n of_o tutory_a in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2_o order_n of_o tutory_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 3_o the_o natural_a obligation_n of_o tutor_n 4_o pupil_n obligation_n to_o their_o tutor_n 5_o kind_n of_o tutor_n by_o the_o common_a law_n 6_o tutor_n testamentar_n 7_o tutor_n testamentar_n exclude_v all_o other_o 8_o tutor_n of_o law_n who_o 9_o how_o tutor_n of_o law_n be_v enter_v 10_o the_o time_n within_o which_o they_o must_v enter_v 11_o tutor_n dative_n 12_o pre-tutor_n 13_o factor_n for_o tutor_n 14_o contutor_n 15_o tutor_n custody_n of_o the_o pupil_n person_n 16_o tutor_n authorise_v their_o pupil_n 17_o tutor_n or_o their_o factor_n rightsrelate_v to_o the_o pupil_n accresce_fw-it to_o they_o 18_o tutor_n can_v only_o do_v necessary_a not_o free_a arbitrary_a deed_n but_o may_v not_o sell_v land_n sine_fw-la authoritate_fw-la judicis_fw-la 19_o tutor_n be_v liable_a for_o annualrent_a for_o their_o pupil_n mean_n 20_o tutor_n be_v conveenable_a with_o their_o pupil_n and_o liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la intus_fw-la babent_fw-la 21_o tutor_n account_n 22_o tutor_n be_v liable_a for_o exact_a diligence_n both_o for_o intromission_n and_o omission_n 23_o tutor_n be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la 24_o tutory_a how_v finish_v 25_o tutor_n of_o idiot_n &_o furious_a person_n 26_o gesta_fw-la tutarum_fw-la accrescunt_fw-la pupillis_fw-la 27_o remove_v or_o suspect_v tutor_n 28_o duty_n of_o pupil_n to_o their_o tutor_n 29_o rise_v of_o curator_n 30_o curator_n ad_fw-la light_n &_o negotia_fw-la 31_o minor_n may_v at_o their_o option_n choose_v or_o not_o choose_v their_o curator_n 32_o minor_n deed_n have_v curator_n without_o their_o consent_n be_v ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la null_n nisi_fw-la in_o quantum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 33_o curator_n consent_v not_o requisite_a to_o later-will_n 34_o restitution_n of_o minor_n upon_o enorm_a lesion_n 35_o minor_n non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la placuare_fw-la super_fw-la 〈◊〉_d paternam_fw-la 36_o difference_n betwixt_o tutor_n and_o curator_n 37_o duty_n of_o curator_n 38_o curator_n or_o interdictor_n for_o prodigal_n or_o lavish_a person_n 39_o interdictor_n constitute_v causâ_fw-la cognitâ_fw-la 40_o interdiction_n by_o parent_n consent_v 41_o publication_n and_o registration_n of_o interdiction_n 42_o interdiction_n extend_v only_o to_o heritable_a right_n not_o movable_n nor_o to_o personal_a execution_n 43_o interdiction_n be_v only_o competent_a by_o way_n of_o reduction_n 44_o interdiction_n can_v be_v take_v off_o but_o by_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n title_n vii_o restitution_n 1_o restitution_n of_o other_o
death_n yea_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o the_o expense_n of_o childbed_n of_o a_o posthumus_fw-la child_n bear_v after_o the_o next_o term_n against_o the_o elder_a son_n though_o he_o be_v not_o heir_n but_o have_v a_o universal_a disposition_n of_o his_o father_n mean_n which_o be_v very_o considerable_a which_o disposition_n be_v grant_v after_o the_o posthumus_z child_n conception_n november_n 10._o 1671._o thomas_n hastie_n and_o barbara_n ker_n his_o mother_n contra_fw-la william_n hastie_n a_o wife_n have_v also_o her_o mourning_n if_o her_o quality_n require_v it_o out_o of_o her_o husband_n executry_n november_n 12._o 1664._o nicolas_n murray_n lady_n craigaffie_n contra_fw-la cornelius_n neilson_n july_n 7._o 1675._o agnes_n wilkie_n contra_fw-la christian_n morison_n and_o likewise_o if_o the_o wife_n predecease_n her_o executour_n have_v the_o half_a or_o three_o of_o her_o husband_n movable_n the_o best_a of_o every_o kind_n be_v set_v aside_o as_o heirship_v movable_n though_o there_o can_v be_v no_o heir_n for_o the_o time_n the_o husband_n be_v alive_a december_n 8._o 1668._o agnes_n guidlet_n contra_fw-la george_n nairn_n title_n v._o obligation_n between_o parent_n and_o child_n 1._o obligation_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n be_v divine_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o the_o power_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n 3._o in_o infancy_n 4._o in_o minority_n 5._o in_o majority_n 6._o oeconomical_a government_n 7._o provision_n of_o child_n 8._o obligation_n of_o child_n to_o their_o parent_n 9_o aliment_n due_a to_o parent_n 10._o obligation_n mutual_a of_o child_n 11._o patria_fw-la potestas_fw-la among_o the_o roman_n 12._o among_o other_o nation_n especial_o as_o lawful_a administration_n 13._o forisfamiliation_n and_o emancipation_n that_o there_o be_v natural_a obligation_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n not_o proceed_v from_o the_o consent_n of_o either_o party_n or_o from_o the_o constitution_n of_o any_o humane_a law_n but_o from_o the_o obedience_n man_n owe_v to_o his_o maker_n who_o have_v write_v this_o law_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o parent_n and_o child_n as_o to_o their_o interest_n and_o duty_n with_o capital_a letter_n be_v evident_a by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n how_o barbarous_a soever_o though_o evil_a custom_n have_v put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o natural_a light_n in_o other_o thing_n yet_o in_o this_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o righteousness_n be_v so_o direct_a that_o their_o illumination_n can_v be_v extinguish_v these_o obligation_n be_v so_o firm_a that_o in_o most_o thing_n they_o can_v be_v take_v off_o nor_o discharge_v by_o man_n though_o child_n will_v discharge_v their_o parent_n of_o natural_a affection_n education_n provision_n etc._n etc._n or_o parent_n will_v free_v their_o child_n of_o reverence_n obsequiousness_n and_o of_o entertainment_n of_o parent_n not_o able_a to_o entertain_v themselves_o yet_o will_v these_o obligation_n still_o be_v bind_v upon_o either_o these_o obligation_n be_v place_v in_o the_o common_a nature_n that_o man_n have_v with_o other_o animal_n and_o so_o be_v give_v as_o a_o evident_a instance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n l._n 2._o ff_n de_fw-fr justitia_fw-la &_o jure_fw-la we_o shall_v then_o consider_v what_o these_o be_v and_o first_o what_o interest_n the_o parent_n have_v in_o the_o person_n of_o their_o child_n second_o in_o what_o they_o be_v natural_o boundto_a to_o their_o child_n three_o what_o interest_n the_o child_n have_v in_o the_o good_n of_o parent_n four_o what_o they_o natural_o do_v owe_v to_o their_o parent_n five_o what_o they_o be_v bind_v in_o to_o each_o other_o 2._o for_o the_o first_o ere_o we_o can_v distinct_o know_v the_o power_n parent_n have_v over_o their_o child_n we_o must_v distinguish_v the_o capacity_n and_o age_n of_o the_o child_n whereof_o there_o be_v three_o infancy_n or_o pupilarity_n minority_n or_o less_o age_n and_o majority_n or_o full_a age_n so_o do_v aristotle_n distinguish_v polit._n 1._o cap._n ult_n ethic._n l._n 4._o cap._n 3._o l._n 5._o cap._n 10._o and_o after_o he_o grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_fw-la &_o pacis_fw-la l._n 2._o cap._n 5._o 3._o infancy_n be_v when_o the_o child_n be_v without_o discretion_n and_o then_o be_v whole_o in_o the_o power_n of_o their_o parent_n who_o not_o only_o may_v but_o must_v carry_v they_o whither_o and_o keep_v they_o where_o they_o will_v and_o must_v also_o breed_v and_o order_v they_o according_a to_o their_o capacity_n mean_n and_o quality_n and_o this_o be_v rather_o a_o act_n of_o dominion_n in_o the_o parent_n the_o child_n be_v then_o capable_a of_o no_o obligation_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v receive_v by_o they_o from_o the_o parent_n as_o a_o obligation_n as_o it_o may_v thereafter_o be_v do_v during_o the_o child_n minority_n wherein_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a levity_n for_o want_v of_o fixedness_n and_o experience_n while_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n be_v but_o draw_v towards_o its_o meridian_n clearness_n 4._o it_o will_v not_o much_o be_v debate_v but_o the_o direction_n of_o child_n in_o their_o minority_n be_v natural_o state_v in_o their_o parent_n but_o the_o great_a question_n will_v remain_v of_o their_o full_a age_n when_o the_o child_n become_v able_a to_o govern_v themselves_o and_o their_o own_o affair_n and_o as_o to_o that_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o that_o it_o stand_v alone_o inpietate_fw-la &_o reverentia_fw-la steph._n oeco.juris_fw-la civilis_fw-la cap._n 7._o and_o vinnius_n partitionum_fw-la l._n 1._o cap._n 7._o in_o principio_fw-la show_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o holland_n dissolve_v the_o power_n of_o father_n by_o the_o child_n age_n of_o 25._o 5._o whatsoever_o may_v arise_v from_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n whereby_o the_o power_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n in_o their_o full_a age_n be_v much_o diminish_v yet_o by_o the_o original_a and_o pure_a law_n of_o nature_n not_o only_o the_o tutory_a and_o protection_n of_o child_n infancy_n with_o the_o cure_n and_o direction_n of_o their_o minority_n be_v in_o their_o parent_n but_o there_o be_v also_o a_o oeconomick_a authority_n in_o the_o father_n of_o the_o family_n over_o all_o his_o child_n and_o descendant_n remain_v in_o his_o family_n who_o he_o have_v not_o elocat_fw-la by_o marriage_n which_o be_v also_o a_o natural_a bond_n unto_o other_o family_n whereby_o the_o female_n do_v natural_o change_v their_o family_n and_o become_v under_o the_o power_n of_o another_o family_n 6._o this_o be_v the_o only_a natural_a authority_n and_o government_n which_o have_v in_o itself_o all_o authority_n public_a private_a civil_a and_o criminal_a till_o by_o humane_a constitution_n and_o divine_a approbation_n most_o of_o that_o power_n be_v now_o devolve_v into_o magistracy_n this_o power_n be_v not_o only_o before_o magistracy_n but_o even_o thereafter_o remain_v with_o subordination_n thereto_o in_o most_o nation_n as_o caesar_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n lib._n 2._o write_v that_o among_o the_o gaul_n and_o belgae_n parent_n have_v the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n the_o like_a power_n have_v the_o roman_n ancient_o l._n in_o suis_fw-la haredibus_fw-la 11._o ff_n de_fw-fr liberis_fw-la &_o posthumis_fw-la l._n libertati_fw-la 10._o cod._n de_fw-fr patria_fw-la potestate_fw-la aristotle_n testify_v the_o like_a of_o the_o persian_n lib._n 8._o ethic._n cap._n 12._o and_o by_o the_o judicial_a law_n deut._n 21._o vers_fw-la 18._o the_o rebellious_a son_n who_o obeje_v not_o the_o voice_n of_o his_o father_n and_o mother_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v forth_o before_o the_o elder_n of_o that_o place_n and_o stone_v to_o death_n without_o other_o proof_n than_o the_o parent_n testimony_n so_o that_o the_o sentence_n be_v the_o parent_n though_o the_o execution_n be_v to_o be_v public_a such_o authority_n be_v that_o of_o the_o patriarch_n abraham_n isaac_n and_o jacob_n who_o with_o divine_a approbation_n make_v war_n peace_n and_o confederacy_n which_o be_v the_o public_a and_o proper_a right_n of_o magistracy_n and_o govern_v their_o own_o family_n without_o any_o authority_n derive_v from_o any_o other_o and_o though_o jacob_n family_n arise_v to_o that_o greatness_n that_o in_o it_o be_v many_o family_n yet_o he_o remain_v the_o father_n and_o prince_n of_o they_o all_o so_o that_o the_o several_a subordinat_a family_n have_v their_o subordinat_a authority_n over_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o so_o their_o child_n be_v bind_v in_o obedience_n to_o they_o but_o with_o the_o exception_n of_o their_o superior_a parent_n to_o who_o the_o first_o obedience_n be_v due_a this_o native_a authority_n reach_v all_o child_n whether_o procreate_v of_o lawful_a marriage_n or_o not_o so_o that_o they_o be_v true_o know_v to_o be_v child_n because_o the_o same_o foundation_n and_o common_a principle_n and_o duty_n be_v in_o both_o though_o they_o have_v not_o the_o same_o interest_n
in_o the_o father_n good_n in_o respect_n of_o that_o community_n of_o good_n betwixt_o man_n and_o wife_n and_o the_o conjugal_a society_n even_o natural_o whence_o the_o good_n be_v derive_v into_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o lawful_a marriage_n this_o paternal_a authority_n do_v not_o necessary_o carry_v the_o property_n and_o disposal_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o child_n but_o that_o they_o be_v capable_a of_o such_o by_o the_o gift_n of_o their_o parent_n or_o any_o other_o way_n even_o in_o infancy_n and_o that_o they_o have_v the_o full_a dominion_n and_o administration_n thereof_o in_o their_o full_a age_n and_o therefore_o bond_n of_o provision_n by_o father_n to_o child_n if_o deliver_v be_v not_o revockable_a direct_o nor_o indirect_o by_o contract_a debt_n thereafter_o and_o the_o delivery_n of_o such_o bond_n of_o provision_n make_v they_o irrevockable_a whether_o the_o delivery_n be_v to_o the_o child_n or_o to_o any_o other_o for_o their_o behoove_v which_o behoove_v will_v be_v presume_v unless_o the_o father_n express_v his_o mind_n at_o the_o delivery_n that_o the_o write_v be_v to_o be_v return_v to_o himself_o or_o depositate_fw-la upon_o term_n and_o therefore_o a_o bond_n take_v by_o a_o father_n in_o the_o name_n of_o his_o brother_n the_o father_n obtain_v a_o assignation_n from_o he_o to_o his_o daughter_n the_o bond_n be_v not_o find_v revockable_a by_o the_o father_n be_v registrate_n in_o the_o brother_n name_n november_n 20._o 1667._o executour_n of_o trotter_n contra_fw-la trotter_n child_n provision_n by_o bond_n grant_v after_o a_o testament_n nominate_v they_o executour_n find_v not_o to_o import_v that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o executry_n if_o the_o heir_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v the_o bond_n of_o provision_n but_o that_o the_o bond_n be_v movable_n shall_v first_o affect_v the_o executry_n february_n 22._o 1677._o belfhe_n of_o tofts_n contra_fw-la belshes_n and_o a_o father_n grant_v bond_n to_o a_o bairn_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o her_o portion_n natural_a be_v not_o find_v thereby_o to_o apply_v that_o bairn_n portion_n natural_a to_o the_o heir_n executor_n or_o unlversal_a legator_n though_o they_o will_v be_v liable_a for_o payment_n of_o the_o bond_n but_o to_o apply_v that_o bairn_n share_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bairn_n who_o thereby_o will_v have_v the_o whole_a bairn_n part_v february_n 17._o 1671._o mistress_n katherine_n mcgill_n against_o the_o viscount_n of_o oxford_n for_o bond_n of_o provision_n deliver_v in_o liege_n pousty_a do_v as_o other_o debt_n affect_v the_o whole_a executry_n and_o where_o all_o the_o bairn_n have_v bond_n of_o provision_n bear_v in_o satisfaction_n they_o have_v also_o their_o bairn_n part_v of_o the_o executry_n july_n 16._o 1678._o murrays_n contra_fw-la murrays_n but_o bairn_n provision_n payable_a at_o such_o a_o day_n and_o not_o bear_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o decease_a to_o accress_n to_o the_o survive_a the_o share_n of_o these_o bairn_n who_o die_v before_o that_o age_n without_o issue_n be_v not_o find_v due_a february_n 22._o 1677._o belshes_n of_o toast_n contra_fw-la belshes_n the_o delivery_n of_o write_v in_o other_o case_n be_v presume_v from_o the_o date_n if_o they_o be_v in_o the_o person_n hand_n in_o who_o favour_n they_o be_v grant_v but_o in_o competition_n with_o other_o creditor_n the_o delivery_n of_o bond_n of_o provision_n be_v not_o presume_v to_o have_v be_v from_o the_o date_n but_o that_o 〈◊〉_d be_v instruct_v by_o some_o evidence_n as_o take_v seize_v registration_n or_o witness_n who_o see_v the_o same_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o child_n or_o other_o to_o their_o 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o that_o case_n they_o be_v valide_fw-la if_o there_o be_v no_o 〈◊〉_d or_o prejudice_n to_o creditor_n by_o latency_n or_o 〈◊〉_d and_o therefore_o bond_n of_o provision_n to_o child_n be_v reduce_v upon_o the_o elder_a son_n contract_v of_o marriage_n though_o 〈◊〉_d january_n 10._o 1668._o laird_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d his_o brother_n and_o sister_n and_o a_o posteriour_a tocher_n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o prior_n assignation_n to_o a_o bairn_n in_o family_n unless_o the_o prior_n delivery_n be_v also_o prove_v november_n 14._o 1676._o major_a ingle_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d june_n 〈◊〉_d 1668._o johnstoun_n of_o 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la isobel_n arnold_n but_o from_o this_o paternal_a power_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o parent_n may_v continue_v and_o keep_v their_o child_n in_o their_o family_n and_o that_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o employ_v their_o service_n and_o work_n for_o the_o common_a interest_n of_o the_o family_n and_o what_o thence_o arise_v be_v the_o parent_n not_o their_o own_o which_o do_v always_o endure_v till_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o parent_n they_o become_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whereby_o they_o may_v employ_v their_o work_n and_o service_n for_o themselves_o alone_o thus_o the_o interest_n of_o parent_n in_o the_o person_n and_o good_n of_o their_o child_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v clear_v as_o to_o the_o obligation_n natural_a of_o parent_n towards_o their_o child_n beside_o their_o obligation_n that_o stand_v and_o be_v act_v in_o the_o mind_n and_o affection_n which_o the_o law_n respect_v not_o but_o these_o only_a qua_fw-la non_fw-la ment_fw-la sed_fw-la manu_fw-la tenentur_fw-la the_o main_a obligation_n be_v education_n and_o provision_n the_o education_n of_o child_n consist_v not_o only_o in_o the_o care_n and_o entertainment_n of_o they_o during_o infancy_n but_o especial_o in_o breed_n of_o they_o for_o some_o call_v and_o employment_n according_a to_o their_o capacity_n and_o condition_n 7._o the_o duty_n of_o provision_n of_o child_n comprehend_v not_o only_o their_o aliment_n and_o entertainment_n in_o meat_n clothes_n medicine_n and_o burial_n which_o may_v be_v competent_a during_o the_o parent_n life_n but_o also_o competent_a provision_n after_o the_o parent_n death_n for_o the_o apostle_n say_v that_o he_o that_o care_v not_o for_o his_o family_n be_v worse_a than_o a_o infidel_n 1_o tim._n 5._o vers_fw-la 8._o and_o in_o both_o the_o ability_n of_o the_o parent_n and_o necessity_n of_o the_o child_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v for_o if_o the_o child_n be_v 〈◊〉_d provide_v aliunde_fw-la the_o parent_n be_v not_o bind_v and_o though_o the_o child_n be_v necessitous_a yet_o there_o must_v first_o be_v reserve_v for_o the_o parent_n that_o which_o be_v necessary_a for_o subsistence_n so_o that_o when_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o entertain_v their_o child_n they_o may_v lawful_o expose_v they_o to_o the_o mercy_n and_o charity_n of_o other_o but_o a_o father_n though_o indigent_a be_v decern_v to_o receive_v his_o son_n have_v no_o mean_n or_o call_v into_o his_o family_n or_o to_o pay_v he_o a_o modification_n january_n 13._o 1666._o william_n dick_n contra_fw-la sir_n andrew_n dick._n but_o a_o father_n be_v not_o find_v liable_a to_o pay_v a_o merchant_n for_o furniture_n give_v to_o his_o son_n where_o he_o give_v his_o son_n a_o allowance_n in_o money_n for_o his_o clothes_n january_a 〈◊〉_d 1672._o high_a 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la craufoord_v of_o camlarg_n neither_o be_v a_o father_n find_v liable_a for_o his_o daughter_n bridel-furniture_n to_o a_o merchant_n who_o he_o prohibit_v to_o give_v they_o off_o but_o the_o daughter_n and_o her_o husband_n july_n 〈◊〉_d 1672._o 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d and_o gairn_n and_o a_o mother_n be_v find_v oblige_v to_o receive_v her_o child_n into_o family_n but_o for_o no_o other_o modification_n though_o they_o be_v noble_a person_n there_o be_v none_o represent_v the_o father_n able_a to_o entertain_v they_o february_n 23._o 1666._o child_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o buchan_n contra_fw-la the_o 〈◊〉_d as_o to_o the_o interest_n child_n have_v in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o parent_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v either_o during_o the_o parent_n life_n or_o after_o their_o death_n for_o the_o interest_n they_o have_v after_o their_o parent_n death_n it_o fall_v in_o to_o be_v consider_v among_o the_o conveyance_n of_o right_n by_o succession_n but_o during_o the_o parent_n life_n they_o have_v no_o real_a right_n of_o dominion_n or_o property_n in_o the_o parent_n good_n for_o though_o the_o parent_n be_v oblige_v natural_o to_o entertain_v and_o educate_v their_o child_n out_o of_o their_o good_n yet_o that_o be_v but_o a_o personal_a right_n and_o intitule_v not_o the_o child_n to_o meddle_v with_o the_o parent_n good_n upon_o that_o pretence_n as_o say_v solomon_n prov._n 28._o vers_fw-la 24._o who_o rob_v his_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o say_v it_o be_v no_o transgression_n the_o same_o be_v the_o companion_n of_o a_o destroyer_n 8._o the_o obligation_n of_o child_n towards_o their_o parent_n consist_v main_o in_o their_o obedience_n to_o they_o and_o their_o duty_n to_o aliment_n and_o supply_v they_o in_o all_o their_o necessity_n according_a to_o the_o child_n ability_n their_o obedience_n to_o their_o parent_n be_v much_o
clear_v from_o that_o power_n and_o authority_n their_o parent_n have_v over_o they_o of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v for_o unto_o authority_n or_o power_n to_o command_v subjection_n or_o obedience_n answer_n as_o the_o correlate_n so_o that_o as_o the_o parental_a power_n be_v most_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o child_n and_o least_o after_o their_o forisfamiliation_n so_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o obedience_n proportional_a but_o after_o emancipation_n these_o duty_n be_v so_o far_o diminish_v that_o little_o remain_v except_o the_o natural_a reverence_n tenderness_n and_o obsequiousness_n that_o child_n do_v still_o owe_v to_o their_o parent_n in_o due_a order_n which_o though_o it_o have_v no_o civil_a remeed_n yet_o it_o remain_v a_o natural_a obligation_n to_o observe_v the_o parent_n command_n throughout_o their_o posterity_n as_o in_o that_o nottour_n example_n of_o the_o rehabite_v jer._n 35._o be_v clear_a where_o they_o observe_v their_o father_n command_n in_o a_o free_a thing_n though_o inconvenient_a viz._n to_o drink_v no_o wine_n to_o build_v no_o house_n etc._n etc._n and_o for_o their_o obedience_n the_o lord_n promise_n there_o shall_v not_o be_v want_v a_o man_n of_o they_o to_o stand_v before_o the_o lord_n for_o ever_o but_o while_o they_o be_v in_o the_o family_n they_o be_v not_o only_o under_o the_o oeconomick_a government_n of_o their_o parent_n in_o so_o far_o as_o be_v not_o devolve_v to_o the_o magistrate_n but_o special_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o abide_v with_o their_o parent_n and_o to_o employ_v their_o service_n for_o their_o parent_n and_o the_o use_n of_o the_o family_n whereunto_o their_o parent_n may_v compel_v they_o by_o their_o own_o proper_a authority_n and_o parent_n have_v action_n against_o all_o other_o who_o shall_v hinder_v they_o to_o keep_v their_o child_n with_o they_o or_o lead_v they_o whither_o and_o employ_v they_o as_o they_o please_v 9_o the_o obligation_n of_o aliment_n and_o relief_n to_o parent_n in_o necessity_n be_v due_a both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o have_v in_o it_o also_o that_o remuneratory_n obliligation_n whereby_o child_n ought_v to_o retribute_v to_o and_o recompense_v their_o parent_n for_o their_o education_n and_o entertainment_n and_o though_o it_o be_v say_v 2_o cor._n 12_o 14._o that_o child_n ought_v not_o to_o lay_v up_o for_o the_o parent_n but_o the_o parent_n for_o the_o child_n yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o that_o care_n foresight_n and_o providence_n that_o parent_n ought_v to_o have_v not_o only_o to_o provide_v thing_n necessary_a for_o themselves_o but_o for_o their_o child_n also_o after_o they_o which_o be_v a_o ordinary_a duty_n aught_o to_o be_v in_o their_o thought_n and_o consideration_n and_o be_v not_o incumbent_n to_o the_o child_n it_o be_v but_o rare_a and_o unexpected_a that_o parent_n necessity_n put_v they_o to_o expect_v relief_n from_o their_o child_n or_o else_o it_o be_v to_o be_v take_v comparative_o that_o parent_n be_v rather_o to_o lay_v up_o for_o the_o child_n than_o child_n for_o the_o parent_n solon_n law_n make_v the_o child_n infamous_a who_o do_v not_o aliment_n their_o parent_n and_o cicero_n in_o his_o oration_n de_fw-fr responsis_fw-la aruspicum_fw-la parentibus_fw-la nos_fw-la primum_fw-la natura_fw-la constituit_fw-la debitores_fw-la quos_fw-la non_fw-la alere_fw-la nefarium_fw-la est_fw-la in_o these_o natural_a obligation_n of_o aliment_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n the_o order_n of_o nature_n must_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o near_a be_v first_o to_o be_v prefer_v and_o the_o paternal_a line_n before_o the_o maternal_a as_o be_v in_o a_o other_o family_n for_o even_o the_o distinction_n of_o family_n and_o union_n thereof_o in_o the_o paternal_a power_n be_v natural_a as_o before_o be_v say_v from_o the_o same_o ground_n parent_n must_v first_o aliment_n their_o child_n in_o the_o family_n and_o among_o they_o that_o be_v emancipat_v the_o male_n be_v preferable_a to_o the_o female_n pass_v by_o marriage_n into_o other_o family_n 10._o as_o to_o the_o natural_a obligation_n of_o child_n among_o themselves_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o there_o natural_o lie_v great_a obligation_n upon_o they_o each_z to_z other_o than_o the_o common_a obligation_n betwixt_o man_n and_o man_n which_o be_v not_o only_o great_a in_o the_o measure_n and_o degree_n as_o to_o love_v they_o assist_v they_o support_v they_o and_o supply_v their_o necessity_n the_o more_o by_o how_o 〈◊〉_d degree_n of_o blood_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o they_o than_o other_o which_o be_v common_o acknowledge_v by_o all_o but_o the_o roman_n and_o many_o other_o nation_n have_v acknowledge_v the_o natural_a obligation_n of_o brother_n and_o sister_n to_o 〈◊〉_d each_o other_o though_o our_o custom_n have_v not_o authorize_v the_o same_o unless_o the_o brother_n be_v heir_n to_o the_o father_n in_o a_o competent_a estate_n and_o the_o remanent_fw-la child_n not_o at_o all_o provide_v in_o which_o case_n the_o lord_n modify_v aliment_n to_o they_o january_n 24._o 1663._o the_o child_n of_o wedderlie_n contra_fw-la his_o heir_n aliment_n be_v also_o find_v due_a by_o a_o brother_n to_o a_o sister_n of_o a_o second_o marriage_n who_o have_v a_o portion_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o the_o age_n of_o fourteen_o and_o no_o annualrent_a or_o aliment_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n though_o they_o have_v a_o mother_n on_o life_n 〈◊〉_d 11._o 1663._o catharin_n frazer_n contra_fw-la hugh_n frazer_n the_o like_a find_v due_a by_o a_o heir_n male_a to_o heir_n of_o line_n till_o their_o marriage_n see_v their_o portion_n bear_v no_o annualrent_n january_n 8._o 1663._o lady_n otter_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o otter_n november_n 12._o 1664._o daughter_n of_o balmanno_n contra_fw-la heir-male_n thereof_o it_o be_v also_o a_o natural_a obligation_n upon_o child_n or_o kinsfolk_n descend_v from_o one_o common_a stock_n to_o defend_v and_o have_v the_o tuition_n of_o the_o pupilarity_n of_o that_o race_n which_o be_v incumbent_a ordinary_o to_o the_o next_o degree_n in_o that_o same_o family_n and_o this_o be_v the_o natural_a rise_n of_o tutor_n of_o which_o in_o the_o next_o title_n 11._o the_o roman_n do_v no_o more_o diminish_v the_o conjugal_a interest_n and_o obligation_n competent_a by_o nature_n as_o be_v before_o show_v than_o they_o have_v exceed_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o interest_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n for_o thereby_o the_o parent_n power_n be_v so_o great_a that_o no_o nation_n have_v the_o like_a institut_n de_fw-fr patria_fw-la potestate_fw-la §_o 2._o it_o be_v almost_o dominical_a and_o the_o child_n as_o servant_n l._n placet_fw-la 99_o ff_n de_fw-fr acquirenda_fw-la haer_v the_o father_n have_v also_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n l._n ult_n cod._n de_fw-fr patria_fw-la potestate_fw-la l._n 〈◊〉_d 11._o ff_n de_fw-fr liberis_fw-la &_o posthumis_fw-la they_o have_v power_n also_o to_o sell_v their_o child_n unto_o servitude_n this_o be_v the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n whereof_o the_o austerity_n be_v by_o little_a and_o little_o correct_v by_o the_o recent_a law_n so_o that_o both_o in_o servant_n and_o child_n it_o be_v take_v off_o and_o this_o power_n 〈◊〉_d to_o case_n of_o extreme_a necessity_n l._n 2._o cod._n de_fw-fr patribus_fw-la qui_fw-la filios_fw-la child_n be_v permit_v also_o to_o have_v good_n of_o their_o own_o which_o be_v call_v peculia_fw-la in_o which_o they_o be_v as_o free_v and_o have_v all_o their_o right_n and_o action_n competent_a as_o other_o but_o with_o these_o restriction_n whereby_o the_o right_a of_o the_o father_n in_o the_o good_n of_o the_o child_n be_v much_o abaited_a for_o in_o the_o peculia_fw-la which_o the_o son_n acquire_v by_o arm_n or_o liberal_a art_n the_o father_n have_v no_o power_n which_o be_v call_v peculium_fw-la castrense_fw-la vel_fw-la quasi_fw-la castrense_fw-la l._n 2._o ff_n ad_fw-la 〈◊〉_d mace_v of_o other_o good_n which_o befall_v the_o child_n or_o be_v acquire_v and_o come_v not_o from_o the_o father_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v adventitious_a the_o father_n have_v the_o usufruct_v and_o administration_n but_o not_o the_o property_n or_o power_n of_o alienation_n l._n 2._o cod._n de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la maternis_fw-la only_o in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o come_v from_o the_o father_n he_o have_v full_a right_n and_o property_n and_o all_o permit_v but_o to_o the_o son_n be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o and_o manage_v it_o for_o the_o father_n advantage_n in_o these_o peculia_fw-la child_n be_v as_o father_n of_o family_n by_o recent_a law_n l._n 1._o filius_fw-la familias_fw-la 39_o ff_n de_fw-fr oblige_n yea_o even_o the_o ususruct_v cease_v in_o good_n give_v or_o leave_v to_o the_o child_n exclude_v the_o parent_n nov_n 117._o in_o principio_fw-la 2._o next_o where_o any_o thing_n be_v give_v or_o leave_v to_o both_o 〈◊〉_d 3._o when_o the_o good_n come_v by_o the_o father_n fault_n as_o when_o he_o do_v unjust_o divorce_v with_o
the_o mother_n nou._n 117._o the_o haer_v cap._n 10._o 12._o the_o custom_n of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n do_v follow_v more_o close_o the_o natural_a law_n as_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n and_o the_o netherlands_o as_o be_v record_v by_o gudel_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la nou._n cap._n 13._o and_o mathias_n stephanus_n 〈◊〉_d the_o like_a of_o the_o custom_n of_o germany_n oecon_fw-mi juris_fw-la civilis_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 67._o §_o 4._o the_o custom_n of_o this_o nation_n also_o keep_v close_a to_o what_o be_v express_v before_o of_o the_o natural_a law_n as_o to_o the_o interest_n and_o obligation_n of_o parent_n and_o child_n and_o thereby_o aliment_n be_v frequent_o decern_v to_o child_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o their_o father_n if_o they_o expel_v they_o from_o their_o family_n and_o that_o not_o only_o by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n provide_v aliment_n to_o heir_n of_o land_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o liferenter_n but_o a_o father_n though_o his_o son_n have_v no_o land_n be_v find_v conveenable_a super_fw-la jure_fw-la naturae_fw-la alendi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d july_n 21._o 1636._o laird_n of_o ramorney_n contra_fw-la law_n so_o also_o by_o our_o custom_n a_o father_n be_v tutor_n of_o law_n to_o his_o son_n be_v pupil_n and_o therefore_o a_o father_n be_v find_v liable_a to_o the_o son_n for_o annualrent_a of_o his_o mother_n three_o of_o movable_n remain_v in_o the_o father_n hand_n february_n 4._o 1665._o beg_v contra_fw-la beg._n but_o a_o father_n be_v not_o find_v oblige_v for_o annualrent_a of_o a_o legacy_n belong_v to_o his_o son_n uplift_v by_o he_o see_v he_o aliment_v the_o son_n december_n 15._o 1668._o margaret_n winram_n contra_fw-la mr._n james_n ellies_n a_o father_n be_v also_o curatour_n to_o his_o child_n special_o when_o in_o his_o family_n unless_o other_o curatour_n be_v choose_v by_o his_o consent_n and_o so_o a_o father_n discharge_v the_o rent_n of_o his_o son_n land_n set_v by_o the_o father_n though_o he_o be_v only_o life-rent_a and_o the_o son_n the_o pupil-fiar_n be_v find_v valid_a for_o year_n after_o the_o father_n decease_n in_o respect_n he_o be_v lawful_a administrator_n young_a rosyth_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n but_o a_o father_n be_v poor_a be_v not_o allow_v to_o lift_v his_o son_n money_n without_o find_v caution_n to_o make_v it_o forthcoming_a february_n 12._o 1636._o givan_n contra_fw-la richardson_n neither_o may_v a_o father_n be_v lapsis_fw-la bonis_fw-la assign_v a_o tack_v acquire_v by_o he_o to_o his_o son_n though_o he_o may_v uplift_v the_o duty_n as_o administrator_n january_n 29._o 1629._o land_n contra_fw-la dowglas_n so_o deed_n do_v by_o such_o minor_n without_o their_o father_n consent_n as_o lawful_a administrator_n be_v find_v null_n george_n stuart_n contra_fw-la home_n of_o rentoun_n after_o pupilarity_n a_o father_n be_v no_o more_o tutor_n to_o his_o child_n and_o so_o may_v not_o discharge_v for_o his_o daughter_n be_v past_a pupilarity_n but_o only_o consent_v with_o she_o as_o curatour_n june_n 26._o 1610._o john_n forrest_n contra_fw-la forrest_n a_o father_n be_v lawful_a administratour_n both_o as_o tutor_n and_o curatour_n honorarie_a of_o himself_o without_o any_o cognition_n or_o solemnity_n and_o be_v not_o liable_a for_o omission_n neither_o be_v he_o exclusive_a of_o other_o curatour_n but_o deed_n do_v without_o a_o father_n consent_n by_o a_o son_n be_v find_v null_n albeit_o the_o son_n reside_v not_o in_o his_o family_n but_o follow_v the_o law_n have_v no_o call_v or_o patrimony_n to_o maintain_v himself_o but_o live_v on_o his_o father_n charge_n neither_o be_v his_o father_n subscribe_v with_o he_o find_v a_o sufficient_a authorise_v of_o he_o see_v he_o subscribe_v with_o his_o father_n as_o cautioner_n for_o he_o december_n 7_o 1666._o sir_n george_n mckenzie_n contra_fw-la mr._n john_n fairholme_n 13._o as_o to_o the_o father_n power_n to_o keep_v his_o child_n within_o his_o family_n and_o to_o apply_v their_o work_n for_o his_o use_n though_o controversy_n in_o that_o point_n have_v seldom_o be_v move_v but_o the_o matter_n transact_v by_o consent_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o child_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o remain_v with_o their_o parent_n and_o to_o employ_v their_o service_n for_o their_o use_n even_o after_o their_o majority_n unless_o they_o be_v forisfamiliat_a by_o marriage_n or_o by_o education_n in_o a_o distinct_a call_v from_o their_o parent_n unless_o their_o parent_n deal_v unnatural_o with_o they_o either_o by_o attrocity_n or_o unwillingness_n to_o provide_v they_o with_o a_o competent_a marriage_n in_o due_a time_n and_o with_o mean_n suitable_a to_o their_o condition_n for_o that_o obligement_n to_o provide_v for_o they_o will_v be_v a_o ground_n of_o exception_n against_o they_o if_o he_o will_v unjust_o detain_v they_o in_o these_o case_n or_o if_o the_o father_n countenance_n or_o allow_v the_o child_n to_o live_v by_o themselves_o and_o to_o manage_v their_o own_o affair_n apart_o from_o whence_o his_o tacit_n consent_n to_o their_o emancipation_n may_v be_v infer_v in_o which_o case_n also_o zas_n 19_o in_o lib._n utrum_fw-la turp_v etc._n etc._n de_fw-fr verb._n oblige_v and_o math._n steph._n oecon_fw-mi juris_fw-la civilis_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o do_v declare_v that_o the_o consuetude_n of_o germany_n be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o custom_n before_o express_v the_o english_a account_n child_n to_o be_v emancipat_v so_o soon_o as_o they_o pass_v their_o minority_n cowell_n institut_n jure_fw-la anglicani_n tit._n 12._o §_o 4._o title_n vi_o obligation_n of_o tutor_n and_o curator_n pupil_n minor_a and_o person_n interdict_a 1._o the_o rise_n of_o tutory_a in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o order_n of_o tutory_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 3._o the_o natural_a obligation_n of_o tutor_n 4._o pupil_n obligation_n to_o their_o tutor_n 5._o kind_n of_o tutor_n by_o the_o common_a law_n 6._o tutor_n testamentar_n 7._o tutor_n testamentar_n exclude_v all_o other_o 8._o tutor_n of_o law_n who_o 9_o how_o tutor_n of_o law_n be_v enter_v 10._o the_o time_n within_o which_o they_o must_v enter_v 11._o tutor_n dative_n 12._o pro-tutor_n 13._o factor_n for_o tutor_n 14._o contutor_n 15._o tutor_n custody_n of_o the_o pupil_n person_n 16._o tutor_n authorise_v their_o pupil_n 17._o tutor_n or_o their_o factor_n right_n relate_v to_o the_o pupil_n accress_n to_o they_o 18._o tutor_n can_v only_o do_v necessary_a not_o free_a arbitrary_a deed_n but_o may_v not_o sell_v land_n sine_fw-la authoritate_fw-la judicis_fw-la 19_o tutor_n be_v liable_a for_o annualrent_a for_o their_o pupil_n mean_n 20._o tutor_n be_v conveenable_a with_o their_o pupil_n and_o liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la intus_fw-la habent_fw-la 21._o tutor_n account_n 22._o tutor_n be_v liable_a for_o exact_a diligence_n both_o for_o intromission_n and_o omission_n 23._o tutor_n be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la 24._o tutory_a how_o finish_v 25._o tutor_n of_o idiot_n and_o furious_a person_n 26._o gesta_fw-la tutorum_fw-la accrescunt_fw-la pupillis_fw-la 27._o remove_v of_o suspect_a tutor_n 28._o duty_n of_o pupil_n to_o their_o tutor_n 29._o rise_v of_o curator_n 30._o curator_n ad_fw-la light_n &_o negotia_fw-la 31._o minor_n may_v at_o their_o option_n choose_v or_o not_o choose_v their_o curator_n 32._o minor_n deed_n have_v curator_n without_o their_o consent_n be_v ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la null_n nisi_fw-la in_o quantum_fw-la â—â—erantur_fw-la 33._o curators_n consent_n not_o requisite_a to_o latter_a wi_n 34._o restitution_n of_o minor_n upon_o enorm_a lesione_n 35._o minor_n non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la placitare_fw-la super_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la paternam_fw-la 36._o difference_n betwixt_o tutor_n and_o curator_n 37._o duty_n of_o curator_n 38._o curator_n or_o interdictor_n for_o prodigal_n or_o lavish_a person_n 39_o interdictor_n constitute_v causa_fw-la cognita_fw-la 40._o interdiction_n by_o parent_n consent_n 41._o publication_n and_o registration_n of_o interdiction_n 42._o interdiction_n only_o extend_v to_o heritable_a right_n not_o movable_n not_o to_o personal_a execution_n 43._o interdiction_n be_v only_o competent_a by_o way_n of_o reduction_n 44._o interdiction_n can_v be_v take_v off_o but_o by_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n tutor_n and_o curator_n succeed_v in_o the_o place_n of_o parent_n and_o their_o obligation_n have_v a_o near_a resemblance_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v here_o fit_o subjoin_v though_o in_o the_o constitution_n and_o duty_n of_o tutor_n and_o curator_n the_o positive_a law_n predomine_v yet_o that_o without_o any_o positive_a law_n or_o contract_n there_o be_v a_o duty_n of_o tuition_n and_o protection_n of_o orphan_n and_o special_o upon_o these_o who_o by_o relation_n of_o blood_n be_v their_o near_a kinsman_n and_o in_o place_n of_o their_o parent_n it_o will_v appear_v by_o what_o ensue_v and_o what_o be_v superad_v either_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o party_n in_o curator_n or_o by_o the_o law_n in_o tutor_n with_o the_o condition_n and_o interest_n of_o
expediency_n be_v to_o lyca_n a_o guilt_n upon_o their_o conscience_n but_o that_o bona_fw-la fides_fw-la or_o conscientia_fw-la illesa_fw-es so_o much_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o law_n be_v that_o which_o clear_v and_o acquit_v man_n in_o such_o mistake_n from_o this_o freedom_n do_v arise_v not_o only_o our_o personal_a freedom_n and_o liberty_n whereby_o man_n be_v svi_fw-la juris_fw-la but_o also_o their_o power_n of_o the_o disposel_n of_o other_o thing_n within_o their_o reach_n or_o that_o dominion_n which_o god_n have_v give_v they_o over_o the_o creature_n 20._o as_o freedom_n begin_v where_o obedience_n end_v so_o engagement_n begin_v where_o freedom_n end_v it_o be_v our_o voluntar_n obliege_v of_o ourselves_o where_o by_o nature_n we_o be_v free_a every_o such_o obligation_n be_v a_o diminution_n of_o that_o freedom_n for_o thereby_o we_o be_v either_o restrain_v from_o that_o power_n of_o disposel_n of_o the_o creature_n or_o may_v be_v constrain_v to_o some_o performance_n contrair_a to_o our_o natural_a liberty_n some_o hold_v it_o not_o lawful_a for_o we_o to_o give_v away_o our_o native_a freedoom_v in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n or_o to_o bind_v ourselves_o where_o god_n have_v leave_v we_o free_a and_o that_o such_o engagement_n except_o where_o they_o be_v profitable_a for_o we_o or_o for_o a_o equivalent_a cause_n be_v not_o obligatory_a which_o shall_v be_v more_o proper_a to_o debate_v when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o obligation_n by_o paction_n promise_v or_o contract_n all_o which_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o principle_n of_o engagement_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a here_o to_o conclude_v with_o the_o law_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o natural_a than_o to_o stand_v to_o the_o faith_n of_o our_o paction_n this_o much_o for_o the_o common_a principle_n of_o law_n 21._o as_o to_o the_o object_n thereof_o the_o formal_a and_o proper_a object_n of_o law_n be_v the_o right_n of_o man_n a_o right_n be_v a_o power_n give_v by_o the_o law_n of_o dispose_v of_o thing_n or_o exact_v from_o person_n that_o which_o they_o be_v due_a this_o will_v be_v evident_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o several_a kind_n of_o right_n which_o be_v three_o our_o personal_a liberty_n dominion_n and_o obligation_n personal_a liberty_n be_v the_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o our_o person_n and_o to_o live_v where_o and_o as_o we_o please_v except_o in_o so_o far_o as_o by_o obedience_n or_o engagement_n we_o be_v bind_v dominion_n be_v the_o power_n of_o disposal_n of_o the_o creature_n in_o their_o substance_n fruit_n and_o use_v obligation_n be_v that_o which_o be_v correspondent_a to_o a_o personal_a right_n which_o have_v no_o proper_a name_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o creditor_n but_o have_v the_o name_n of_o obligation_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o debtor_n and_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o legal_a tie_n whereby_o the_o debtor_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o pay_v or_o perform_v something_o to_o which_o he_o be_v bind_v by_o obedience_n to_o god_n or_o by_o his_o own_o consent_n and_o engagement_n unto_o which_o bond_n the_o correlate_n in_o the_o creditor_n be_v the_o power_n of_o exaction_n whereby_o he_o may_v exact_v obtain_v or_o compel_v the_o debtor_n to_o pay_v or_o perform_v what_o be_v due_a and_o this_o be_v call_v a_o personal_a right_n as_o look_v direct_o to_o the_o person_n oblige_v but_o to_o thing_n indirect_o as_o they_o belong_v to_o that_o person_n so_o dominion_n be_v call_v a_o real_a right_n because_o it_o respect_v thing_n direct_o but_o person_n as_o they_o have_v meddle_v with_o these_o thing_n by_o which_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o all_o right_n consist_v in_o a_o power_n or_o faculty_n the_o act_n whereof_o be_v possession_n enjoyment_n or_o use_v which_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o no_o point_n of_o right_n and_o which_o may_v be_v where_o no_o right_n be_v as_o right_o may_v be_v where_o these_o be_v not_o 22._o the_o roman_a law_n take_v up_o for_o its_o object_n person_n thing_n and_o action_n and_o according_a to_o these_o order_n itself_o but_o these_o be_v only_o the_o extrinsic_a object_n and_o matter_n about_o which_o law_n and_o right_o be_v versant_a but_o the_o proper_a object_n be_v the_o right_n itself_o whether_o it_o concern_v person_n thing_n or_o action_n and_o according_a to_o the_o several_a right_n and_o their_o natural_a order_n the_o order_n of_o 〈◊〉_d may_v be_v take_v up_o in_o a_o threefold_a consideration_n first_o in_o their_o constitution_n and_o nature_n second_o in_o their_o conveyance_n or_o translation_n from_o one_o person_n to_o another_o whether_o it_o be_v among_o the_o live_n or_o from_o the_o dead_a three_o in_o their_o cognition_n which_o comprehend_v the_o trial_n decision_n and_o execution_n of_o every_o right_n by_o the_o legal_a remeid_n whereby_o the_o whole_a method_n may_v be_v clear_o thus_o first_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o several_a right_n and_o because_o liberty_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o obligation_n of_o obedience_n which_o be_v anterior_a and_o of_o engagement_n which_o be_v posterior_n but_o both_o these_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n must_v be_v handle_v together_o and_o therefore_o liberty_n must_v have_v the_o first_o place_n and_o next_o obligation_n obediential_a and_o then_o conventional_a and_o after_o these_o dominion_n in_o all_o its_o part_n and_o in_o the_o second_o place_n shall_v follow_v the_o conveyance_n of_o these_o several_a right_n and_o last_o cognition_n of_o all_o the_o judicial_a process_n and_o execution_n right_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v divide_v in_o public_a and_o private_a right_n public_a right_n be_v these_o which_o concern_v the_o state_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n private_a right_n be_v the_o right_n of_o person_n and_o particular_a incorporation_n of_o which_o in_o their_o place_n title_n ii_o of_o liberty_n 1._o liberty_n describe_v 2._o liberty_n distinct_a from_o dominion_n and_o obligation_n 3._o the_o principle_n whence_o liberty_n arise_v 4._o restraint_n and_o constraint_n 5._o liberty_n be_v bound_v by_o obedience_n 6._o it_o be_v diminish_v by_o delinquence_n 7._o by_o engagement_n 8._o by_o subjection_n 9_o liberty_n be_v lose_v by_o bondage_n 10._o bondage_n introduce_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n 11._o bondage_n lawful_a 12._o manrent_a 13._o manumission_n 14._o patronage_n 15._o the_o condition_n of_o our_o servant_n 16._o injury_n against_o liberty_n how_o obviat_fw-la 1._o liberty_n be_v that_o natural_a power_n which_o man_n have_v of_o his_o own_o person_n whence_o a_o free_a man_n be_v say_v to_o be_v suae_fw-la potestatis_fw-la in_o his_o own_o power_n and_o it_o be_v define_v in_o the_o law_n to_o be_v a_o natural_a faculty_n to_o do_v that_o which_o every_o man_n please_v unless_o he_o be_v hinder_v by_o law_n or_o force_n 2._o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o right_n distinct_a from_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o creature_n and_o from_o obligation_n it_o be_v evident_a from_o this_o that_o it_o can_v be_v refer_v to_o none_o of_o these_o and_o yet_o be_v the_o most_o native_a and_o delightful_a right_n of_o man_n without_o which_o he_o be_v capable_a of_o no_o other_o right_n so_o bondage_n exeem_v man_n from_o the_o account_n of_o person_n and_o bring_v he_o rather_o in_o among_o thing_n quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o patrimonio_fw-la nostro_fw-la and_o the_o encroachment_n upon_o and_o injury_n against_o the_o right_n of_o liberty_n of_o all_o other_o be_v the_o most_o bitter_a and_o attrocious_a for_o the_o non-performance_n of_o obligation_n or_o duty_n to_o we_o or_o the_o take_n away_o or_o detain_v of_o the_o thing_n of_o our_o property_n be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o lay_v violent_a hand_n on_o our_o person_n 3._o this_o right_n arise_v from_o that_o principle_n of_o freedom_n that_o man_n have_v of_o himself_o and_o of_o other_o thing_n beside_o man_n to_o do_v in_o relation_n thereto_o as_o he_o please_v except_o where_o he_o be_v tie_v thereunto_o by_o his_o obedience_n or_o engagement_n and_o this_o part_n of_o it_o which_o concern_v personal_a freedom_n be_v maintain_v by_o that_o common_a receive_v principle_n in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n of_o self-defence_n and_o preservation_n for_o as_o cicero_n say_v in_o his_o oration_n pro_fw-la millone_n haec_fw-la &_o ratio_fw-la doctis_fw-la &_o necessitas_fw-la barbaris_fw-la &_o mos_fw-la gentibus_fw-la &_o feris_fw-la natura_fw-la ipsa_fw-la prescripsit_fw-la ut_fw-la omnem_fw-la semper_fw-la vim_o quacunque_fw-la open_a a_o corpore_fw-la a_o capite_fw-la a_o vita_fw-la sua_fw-la pro_fw-la pulsarint_fw-la and_o as_o say_v gain_n adver_o sus_fw-la periculum_fw-la naturalis_fw-la ratio_fw-la permittit_fw-la se_fw-la defendere_fw-la which_o be_v only_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o private_a and_o unlawful_a violence_n 4._o opposite_a unto_o liberty_n be_v restraint_n and_o constraint_n restraint_n hinder_v man_n to_o be_v where_o and_o go_v whither_o he_o will_v and_o constraint_n force_v he_o
ferm_n or_o to_o other_o service_n but_o those_o be_v fix_v to_o and_o follow_v those_o ferm_n and_o they_o be_v convey_v therewith_o such_o be_v the_o english_a villain_n but_o in_o scotland_n there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n 12._o there_o be_v former_o a_o kind_n of_o bondage_n call_v man-rent_a whereby_o free_a person_n become_v the_o man_n or_o follower_n of_o these_o who_o be_v their_o patron_n and_o defender_n and_o these_o be_v rather_o in_o clientele_n than_o in_o bondage_n but_o it_o be_v utter_o abolish_v both_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1457._o cap._n 78._o and_o by_o custom_n 13._o from_o servitude_n arise_v manumission_n and_o the_o right_n of_o patronage_n manumission_n be_v the_o dimission_n of_o servant_n and_o the_o make_n of_o they_o libertine_n whereby_o they_o become_v free_a but_o with_o remain_v thankfulness_n reverence_n and_o obsequiousness_n and_o some_o other_o duty_n and_o office_n to_o their_o former_a master_n then_o become_v their_o patron_n and_o if_o in_o these_o they_o fail_v they_o forefault_v their_o new_a acquire_v liberty_n and_o return_v to_o their_o former_a condition_n of_o servitude_n 14._o in_o these_o therefore_o stand_v the_o right_n of_o patronage_n and_o from_o this_o condition_n of_o libertine_n arise_v that_o distinction_n of_o man_n into_o these_o who_o be_v always_o free_a who_o be_v call_v ingenui_fw-la and_o in_o these_o who_o be_v bind_v who_o be_v call_v servi_fw-la and_o in_o these_o of_o a_o middle_a condition_n who_o have_v be_v slave_n become_v free_a and_o so_o be_v neither_o full_o free_a but_o have_v some_o duty_n lie_v upon_o they_o to_o their_o patron_n neither_o be_v full_o bind_v as_o servant_n 15._o the_o servant_n which_o now_o retain_v that_o name_n be_v judge_v free_a person_n and_o have_v at_o most_o but_o hire_v their_o labour_n and_o work_v to_o their_o master_n for_o a_o time_n which_o be_v a_o contract_n betwixt_o they_o of_o which_o afterward_o 16._o the_o custom_n of_o this_o nation_n have_v little_a peculiar_a in_o relation_n to_o liberty_n direct_o but_o the_o injury_n do_v against_o the_o same_o especial_o constraint_n fall_v under_o the_o consideration_n of_o delinquency_n and_o be_v so_o punish_v the_o roman_n have_v express_v law_n de_fw-fr libero_fw-la homine_fw-la exhibendo_fw-la and_o de_fw-fr privatis_fw-la carceribus_fw-la inhibendis_fw-la the_o english_a have_v their_o action_n of_o false_a imprisonment_n determine_v with_o much_o exactness_n in_o what_o case_n imprisonment_n be_v lawful_a and_o in_o what_o not_o and_o how_o remeidable_a it_o be_v also_o provide_v in_o the_o judicial_a law_n against_o stealer_n of_o man_n but_o among_o we_o as_o these_o crime_n be_v very_o rare_a so_o if_o unlawful_a restraint_n or_o unjust_a imprisonment_n shall_v fall_v out_o it_o remain_v among_o delinquency_n to_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o the_o circumstance_n and_o attrocity_n and_o according_a to_o equity_n and_o thence_o also_o a_o civil_a action_n for_o damnage_n and_o interest_n arise_v title_n iii_o of_o obligation_n 1._o personal_a right_n and_o obligation_n describe_v 2._o kind_n of_o obligation_n 3._o obediential_a obligition_n describe_v 4._o divide_v 5._o enumerat_fw-la 6._o obligation_n natural_a and_o civil_a 7._o obligation_n principal_a and_o accessary_a 8._o obligation_n pure_a conditional_a and_o to_o a_o day_n right_n personal_n or_o obligation_n be_v in_o nature_n and_o time_n for_o the_o most_o part_n anterior_a to_o and_o inductive_a of_o right_n 〈◊〉_d of_o dominion_n and_o property_n do_v therefore_o come_v under_o consideration_n next_o unto_o liberty_n 1._o the_o same_o right_a as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o creditor_n it_o be_v call_v a_o personal_a right_n but_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o debtor_n it_o be_v call_v a_o obligation_n debt_n or_o duty_n which_o be_v retain_v as_o the_o more_o proper_a name_n inst._n de_fw-fr obligationibus_fw-la in_o principio_fw-la obligation_n be_v a_o legal_a tie_n by_o which_o we_o may_v be_v necessitate_v or_o constrain_v to_o pay_v or_o perform_v something_o this_o tie_n lie_v upon_o the_o debtor_n and_o the_o power_n of_o make_v use_n of_o it_o in_o the_o creditor_n be_v the_o personal_a right_a itself_o which_o be_v a_o power_n give_v by_o the_o law_n to_o exact_v from_o person_n that_o which_o they_o be_v due_a 2._o obligation_n by_o the_o roman_n be_v distinguish_v in_o four_o kind_n in_o obligation_n ex_fw-la contractu_fw-la vel_fw-la quasi_fw-la ex_fw-la contractu_fw-la maleficiovel_n quasi_fw-la ex_fw-la malificio_fw-la which_o distinction_n insinuat_v no_o reason_n of_o the_o cause_n or_o rise_v of_o these_o distinct_a obligation_n which_o be_v requisite_a in_o a_o good_a distinct_a division_n and_o therefore_o they_o may_v be_v more_o apposite_o divide_v according_a to_o the_o principle_n or_o original_a from_o whence_o they_o flow_v in_o obligation_n obediential_a and_o by_o engagement_n or_o natural_a and_o conventional_a or_o by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o by_o the_o will_n of_o man_n 3._o obediential_a obligation_n be_v these_o which_o be_v put_v upon_o man_n by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n not_o by_o their_o own_o will_n and_o so_o be_v natural_a as_o introduce_v by_o the_o law_n nature_n before_o any_o addition_n make_v thereto_o by_o engagement_n be_v 〈◊〉_d which_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o perform_v sole_o by_o our_o obedience_n to_o god_n as_o conventional_a obligation_n be_v such_o as_o we_o be_v bind_v by_o and_o through_o our_o own_o will_n engagement_n or_o consent_n 4._o obediential_a obligation_n be_v either_o by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n immediate_o or_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o some_o fact_n of_o we_o such_o be_v obligation_n by_o delinquence_n whereby_o we_o become_v bind_v to_o reparation_n and_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o party_n injure_v and_o be_v liable_a in_o punishment_n to_o god_n which_o may_v be_v exact_v by_o these_o who_o have_v his_o warrant_n for_o that_o effect_n of_o these_o obediential_a obligation_n there_o be_v some_o which_o tie_v we_o to_o god_n alone_o whereby_o there_o be_v no_o right_o constitute_v in_o man_n to_o exact_v the_o same_o as_o his_o own_o due_a or_o any_o warrant_n or_o command_v give_v he_o by_o god_n to_o exact_v they_o on_o his_o behalf_n and_o some_o though_o they_o constitute_v not_o a_o right_a in_o man_n yet_o man_n be_v command_v and_o warrant_v to_o vindicate_v they_o as_o the_o crime_n of_o witchcraft_n blasphemy_n beastiality_n and_o the_o like_a for_o which_o there_o be_v a_o express_a command_n to_o inflict_v punishment_n though_o there_o be_v no_o injury_n do_v therein_o to_o man_n of_o which_o there_o can_v be_v any_o reparation_n for_o the_o command_n thou_o shall_v not_o suffer_v a_o witch_n to_o live_v take_v place_n though_o the_o witch_n have_v commit_v no_o malifice_n against_o the_o life_n or_o good_n of_o man_n but_o these_o obligation_n be_v among_o the_o public_a right_n belong_v to_o the_o magistrate_n on_o who_o be_v devolve_v that_o authority_n to_o vindicate_v for_o god_n as_o his_o vicegerent_n we_o shall_v not_o here_o insist_v on_o they_o nor_o on_o these_o other_o obligation_n whereby_o no_o right_a of_o execution_n be_v constitute_v in_o man_n for_o vindication_n &_o quae_fw-la solum_fw-la deum_fw-la habent_fw-la ultorem_fw-la be_v only_o now_o about_o the_o private_a right_n of_o man_n such_o be_v the_o love_n and_o fear_v we_o owe_v to_o god_n and_o dependence_n on_o and_o confidence_n in_o he_o 5._o we_o shall_v therefore_o insist_v only_o on_o the_o obediential_a obligation_n that_o be_v betwixt_o husband_n and_o wife_n parent_n and_o child_n tutor_n and_o pupil_n curator_n and_o minor_n and_o the_o obligation_n of_o restitution_n and_o remuneration_n and_o the_o obligation_n of_o reparation_n of_o delinquence_n and_o damnage_n and_o then_o we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o conventional_a obligation_n 〈◊〉_d there_o be_v another_o distinction_n in_o the_o law_n of_o obligation_n viz._n natural_a and_o civil_a natural_a obligation_n be_v these_o which_o have_v a_o tie_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o do_v raise_v a_o right_n in_o the_o person_n to_o who_o they_o relate_v but_o the_o civil_a law_n or_o custom_n and_o constitution_n of_o man_n do_v not_o second_v they_o with_o legal_a remedy_n or_o execution_n but_o they_o remain_v only_o as_o bond_n upon_o the_o good_a will_n and_o honesty_n of_o these_o who_o be_v thereby_o bind_v first_o there_o be_v many_o natural_a obligation_n which_o have_v no_o civil_a effect_n either_o because_o they_o oblige_v to_o inward_a duty_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o law_n do_v not_o consider_v as_o cicero_n say_v philosophum_fw-la spectant_fw-la quae_fw-la ment_fw-la tenentur_fw-la juridicum_fw-la quae_fw-la manu_fw-la tenentur_fw-la or_o second_o because_o though_o they_o oblige_v to_o outward_a performance_n yet_o the_o manner_n and_o measure_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n and_o arbitrament_n of_o the_o oblige_v as_o before_o have_v be_v show_v though_o that_o in_o matter_n of_o expediency_n or_o utility_n there_o be_v a_o
his_o marriage_n which_o be_v dissolve_v within_o year_n and_o day_n by_o the_o wife_n death_n be_v find_v void_a see_v the_o father_n persist_v not_o therein_o but_o infeft_v his_o second_o son_n july_n 15._o 1678._o lord_n burley_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o fairny_n and_o a_o tocher_n pay_v within_o the_o year_n be_v 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v repay_v without_o any_o deduction_n for_o the_o wife_n entertainment_n during_o the_o marriage_n but_o only_o for_o her_o clothes_n which_o be_v before_o the_o marriage_n and_o her_o funeral_n charge_n which_o be_v after_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v february_n 23._o 1681._o janet_n gordoun_n contra_fw-la thomas_n inglis_n but_o gift_n give_v to_o the_o marry_a person_n by_o the_o friend_n of_o both_o be_v divide_v equal_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v within_o year_n and_o day_n january_n 14._o 1679._o wauch_n contra_fw-la jamison_n but_o if_o a_o live_a child_n be_v bear_v the_o marriage_n be_v find_v valide_fw-la though_o both_o mother_n and_o child_n die_v within_o the_o year_n spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n stuart_n contra_fw-la irving_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o child_n must_v be_v hear_v cry_n be_v to_o make_v certain_a its_o lively_a ripeness_n and_o not_o to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o conjecture_n of_o the_o witness_n and_o therefore_o it_o suffice_v not_o though_o they_o do_v declare_v that_o the_o child_n be_v live_v immediate_o before_o the_o birth_n and_o appear_v lively_a and_o full_a ripe_a when_o it_o be_v bear_v but_o that_o it_o be_v stifle_v in_o the_o birth_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o sandeland_n and_o thores_fw-la yet_o a_o wife_n infeftment_n be_v find_v valid_a till_o her_o tocher_n be_v repay_v though_o the_o marriage_n dissolve_v within_o the_o year_n july_n 20._o 1664._o petrie_n contra_fw-la paul_n but_o where_o a_o marriage_n continue_v a_o year_n and_o a_o part_n of_o the_o next_o day_n after_o the_o year_n the_o tocher_n be_v find_v not_o to_o return_v no_o in_o favorabilibus_fw-la dies_fw-la ceptus_fw-la habetur_fw-la pro_fw-la completo_fw-la february_n 25._o 1680._o george_n waddel_n contra_fw-la george_n salmond_n 16._o marriage_n dissolve_v by_o divorce_n either_o upon_o wilful_a non-adherence_a or_o wilful_a desertion_n or_o by_o adultery_n and_o the_o party_n injurer_n lose_v all_o benefit_n accrue_v through_o the_o marriage_n as_o be_v express_o provide_v by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o parliament_n concern_v non-adherence_a 1533._o cap._n 55._o but_o the_o party_n injure_v have_v the_o same_o benefit_n as_o by_o the_o other_o natural_a death_n as_o be_v find_v march_v 21._o 1637._o lady_n manderstoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o rentoun_n but_o if_o divorce_n follow_v upon_o impotency_n all_o thing_n return_v hinc_fw-la inde_fw-la because_o in_o effect_n there_o be_v no_o marriage_n as_o be_v find_v earl_n of_o eglintoun_n contra_fw-la lady_n eglintoun_n 17._o by_o the_o dissolution_n of_o marriage_n there_o arise_v to_o marry_a person_n not_o only_o these_o right_n which_o by_o voluntar_n contract_n be_v constitute_v to_o either_o and_o which_o be_v not_o proper_a here_o but_o also_o these_o which_o by_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v competent_a without_o any_o special_a convention_n or_o covenant_n and_o these_o be_v either_o upon_o the_o part_n of_o the_o husband_n or_o more_o frequent_o upon_o the_o part_n of_o the_o wife_n to_o the_o husband_n be_v competent_a the_o life-rent_a of_o the_o wife_n heretage_n which_o because_o it_o be_v peculiar_a unto_o these_o nation_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o courtesy_n of_o scotland_n or_o england_n to_o the_o wife_n arise_v her_o share_n of_o the_o movable_n which_o be_v the_o half_a where_o the_o man_n have_v no_o child_n in_o familia_fw-la and_o the_o three_o where_o there_o be_v such_o and_o her_o terce_n which_o be_v the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o land_n during_o her_o life_n but_o of_o reversion_n heritable_a bond_n disposition_n or_o right_n of_o land_n without_o infeftment_n and_o of_o teind_n or_o tack_n or_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n the_o relict_n have_v no_o terce_n these_o right_n of_o terce_n and_o courtesy_n fall_v in_o to_o be_v consider_v among_o the_o feudal_n right_n and_o the_o relic_n three_o or_o half_a of_o movable_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o movable_n wherein_o it_o be_v a_o concomitant_a and_o regulate_v according_a to_o that_o which_o be_v proper_a succession_n either_o of_o child_n or_o other_o though_o as_o to_o the_o wife_n it_o be_v rather_o a_o division_n of_o that_o community_n of_o good_n movable_a that_o be_v competent_a to_o the_o marry_a person_n during_o the_o marriage_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v insist_v on_o no_o further_a here_o but_o leave_v to_o these_o place_n and_o we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o kind_n of_o obediential_a obligation_n and_o natural_a right_n which_o intervene_v betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n law_n and_o custom_n have_v favour_v and_o privilege_a wife_n in_o many_o case_n propter_fw-la fragilitatem_fw-la sexus_fw-la they_o be_v free_a from_o obliegement_n for_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o from_o personal_a execution_n by_o horning_n or_o caption_n if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o criminal_a cause_n their_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v preferable_a to_o other_o personal_a creditor_n february_n 8._o 1662._o thomas_n crawford_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o murray_n their_o share_n of_o their_o husband_n movable_n be_v not_o burden_v with_o the_o husband_n heritable_a debt_n december_n 28._o 1668._o margaret_n mckenzie_n contra_fw-la robertson_n july_n 19_o 1664._o elizabeth_n scrimzour_n contra_fw-la murrays_n yea_o gratuitous_a movable_a bond_n grant_v by_o a_o husband_n payable_a at_o his_o death_n whereby_o the_o whole_a executry_n will_v be_v exhaust_v and_o the_o wife_n have_v no_o share_n have_v no_o other_o provision_n the_o same_o be_v not_o find_v to_o affect_v the_o wife_n share_n but_o otherways_o such_o bond_n grant_v in_o liege_n poustie_n without_o fraud_n be_v find_v to_o come_v off_o the_o hail_n head_n and_o not_o off_o the_o dead_n part_n only_o december_n 8._o 1675._o thomson_n contra_fw-la executor_n of_o eleistoun_n and_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v not_o exclude_v from_o her_o share_n of_o her_o husband_n movable_n by_o a_o gratuitous_a disposition_n by_o her_o husband_n to_o his_o brother_n of_o all_o sum_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v at_o his_o death_n january_n 10._o 1679._o grant_v contra_fw-la grant_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o infeftment_n and_o provision_n of_o wife_n be_v effectual_a although_o the_o tocher_n which_o be_v the_o mutual_a cause_n thereof_o be_v not_o pay_v she_o not_o be_v oblige_v therefore_o herself_o though_o the_o contract_n bear_v that_o the_o tocher_n be_v pay_v it_o shall_v be_v employ_v to_o the_o wife_n use_n july_n 5._o 1665._o mackie_n contra_fw-la stuart_n the_o like_a though_o the_o contract_n bear_v that_o the_o husband_n shall_v employ_v the_o tocher_n for_o the_o wife_n in_o life-rent_a albeit_o the_o tocher_n be_v lose_v through_o the_o father_n insolvency_n june_n 11._o 1670._o margaret_n hunter_n contra_fw-la creditor_n of_o john_n peter_n the_o like_a though_o the_o contract_n bear_v that_o the_o wife_n shall_v have_v no_o benefit_n while_o the_o tocher_n shall_v be_v full_o pay_v if_o the_o tocher_n can_v be_v recover_v by_o the_o husband_n diligence_n november_n 21._o 1671._o marry_o menzies_n contra_fw-la john_n corbet_n on_o the_o same_o ground_n a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n bear_v the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o tocher_n to_o the_o wife_n fail_v child_n albeit_o conceive_v passive_a and_o not_o that_o the_o husband_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o or_o do_v diligence_n therefore_o yet_o the_o husband_n be_v find_v liable_a to_o pay_v the_o half_a of_o the_o tocher_n although_o it_o be_v not_o recover_v unless_o he_o have_v do_v the_o diligence_n of_o a_o provident_a man_n which_o be_v find_v employ_v in_o his_o duty_n and_o trust_n as_o husband_n the_o wife_n be_v in_o potestate_fw-la viri_fw-la july_n 14._o 1676._o jean_n lockhart_n and_o raploch_n her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la james_n bonar_n and_o though_o husband_n have_v no_o communion_n in_o the_o habiliment_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o wife_n which_o can_v be_v affect_v for_o his_o debt_n yet_o she_o have_v her_o share_n of_o the_o habiliment_n of_o the_o husband_n which_o fall_v in_o his_o executry_n and_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v all_o account_n for_o her_o habiliment_n suitable_a to_o her_o quality_n but_o where_o the_o wife_n have_v a_o alimentary_a provision_n for_o her_o habiliment_n ornament_n and_o her_o other_o use_v the_o husband_n have_v furnish_v they_o and_o receive_v that_o sum_n be_v not_o find_v liable_a to_o repay_v the_o same_o to_o her_o executour_n february_n 2._o 1667._o executour_n of_o the_o lady_n piltoun_n contra_fw-la hay_n of_o balhousie_n wife_n have_v not_o only_o a_o half_a or_o three_o of_o their_o husband_n movable_n when_o they_o survive_v but_o have_v their_o aliment_n till_o the_o next_o term_n after_o the_o husband_n
but_o of_o all_o these_o he_o may_v take_v the_o best_a of_o such_o as_o offer_v or_o be_v willing_a see_v with_o we_o all_o tutor_n be_v free_a to_o accept_v or_o refuse_v yea_o and_o may_v renounce_v not_o have_v intromet_v with_o the_o pupil_n mean_n though_o several_a action_n be_v pursue_v in_o their_o name_n as_o tutor_n spot_n de_fw-fr tut_o duff_n contra_fw-la mr._n william_n chalmer_n but_o tutory_a be_v a_o public_a office_n it_o can_v not_o be_v refuse_v among_o the_o roman_n unless_o the_o tutor_n have_v excuse_n allow_v of_o the_o law_n tit._n de_fw-fr excus_fw-la tut_o ff_n per_fw-la totum_fw-la tutor_n dative_n must_v both_o make_v faith_n de_fw-fr fideli_fw-la administratione_fw-la and_o find_v caution_n the_o sufficiency_n whereof_o be_v in_o the_o magistrate_n trust_v and_o among_o the_o roman_n a_o ordinar_n or_o inferior_a magistrate_n or_o his_o heir_n be_v liable_a pro_fw-la dolo_fw-la aut_fw-la lata_fw-la culpa_fw-la if_o the_o caution_n take_v by_o they_o be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a tit._n ff_n de_fw-fr magistratu_fw-la conveniendo_fw-la but_o not_o the_o great_a magistrate_n as_o the_o praetor_n or_o precedent_n who_o through_o the_o eminency_n of_o their_o office_n can_v not_o so_o particular_o know_v but_o be_v necessitat_fw-la to_o trust_v to_o the_o relation_n of_o other_o l._n 1._o ff_n tit._n eodem_fw-la and_o so_o it_o be_v with_o we_o but_o the_o dative_n not_o make_v faith_n or_o find_v caution_n though_o his_o office_n there_o to_o compel_v he_o or_o repel_v he_o from_o authorise_v or_o act_v yet_o it_o do_v not_o annual_a his_o office_n or_o work_v to_o his_o profit_n as_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o tutor_n of_o law_n 12._o these_o that_o act_n as_o tutor_n not_o know_v but_o that_o they_o be_v such_o or_o otherways_o fraudulent_o know_v they_o be_v not_o such_o be_v therefore_o call_v pro-tutor_n and_o be_v liable_a for_o all_o the_o duty_n of_o real_a tutor_n during_o the_o time_n of_o their_o act_n and_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n they_o be_v liable_a to_o make_v up_o his_o interest_n who_o by_o fraud_n they_o have_v deceive_v by_o act_v as_o tutor_n tit._n ff_n quod_fw-la falso_fw-la tut_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o such_o act_n be_v void_a but_o if_o the_o person_n have_v be_v long_o hold_v and_o repute_v tutor_n the_o deed_n will_v be_v sustain_v unless_o annul_v because_o of_o the_o pupil_n lesion_n there_o have_v no_o decision_n occur_v with_o we_o to_o show_v whether_o pro-tutor_n be_v oblige_v for_o their_o intromission_n only_o or_o also_o for_o their_o omission_n but_o a_o case_n late_o occur_v the_o lord_n think_v that_o upon_o some_o few_o act_n this_o will_v not_o be_v infer_v but_o upon_o a_o universal_a act_n or_o express_v under_o the_o name_n of_o tutor_n but_o decide_v not_o till_o they_o hear_v the_o party_n in_o praesentia_fw-la whereupon_o after_o long_a debate_n they_o find_v that_o a_o overseer_n act_v under_o the_o name_n of_o tutor_n but_o by_o a_o false_a designation_n contrair_v the_o testament_n shall_v be_v liable_a only_o for_o such_o kind_n of_o thing_n and_o for_o the_o annualrent_n thereof_o as_o he_o intromet_v with_o for_o see_v he_o have_v no_o law_n or_o custom_n regulate_v the_o case_n the_o defender_n can_v be_v only_o condemn_v according_a to_o equity_n but_o they_o declare_v by_o a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la that_o whosoever_o in_o time_n come_v meddle_v with_o pupil_n mean_n or_o minor_n as_o pro-tutor_n or_o procurators'_a shall_v be_v liable_a from_o henceforth_o as_o tutor_n or_o curator_n for_o intromission_n and_o omission_n june_n 10._o 1665._o swintoun_n contra_fw-la notman_n 13._o tutor_n do_v use_v ordinary_o to_o name_v factor_n who_o do_v not_o exoner_o the_o tutor_n of_o any_o of_o their_o obligation_n but_o both_o the_o tutor_n and_o they_o as_o the_o tutor_n be_v liable_a to_o the_o pupil_n therein_o if_o they_o be_v factor_n general_o march_v 28._o 1635._o laird_n of_o ludqhuairn_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o haddo_n july_n 18._o 1635._o edmonstoun_n contra_fw-la edmonstoun_n 14._o if_o there_o be_v more_o tutor_n nominat_fw-la or_o dative_n and_o no_o quorum_n express_v if_o some_o of_o they_o die_v the_o office_n be_v not_o void_a but_o the_o rest_n of_o they_o may_v act_v and_o so_o it_o be_v find_v in_o tutor_n nominat_fw-la hope_v executour_n stuart_n contra_fw-la kirkwood_n and_o moor._n the_o like_a though_o some_o of_o the_o tutor_n accept_v not_o hope_v tutor_n ruthven_n contra_fw-la ibid._n george_n faside_n contra_fw-la edmonstoun_n february_n 14._o 1672._o mr._n john_n eleis_fw-la contra_fw-la mr._n john_n scot._n but_o a_o tutory_a to_o two_o bear_v to_o they_o joint_o be_v find_v void_a by_o the_o death_n of_o either_o january_n 17._o 1671._o drummond_n of_o ricartoun_n contra_fw-la fevar_n of_o bothkennet_n and_o where_o there_o be_v many_o tutor_n nominat_fw-la they_o may_v be_v either_o with_o or_o without_o a_o quorum_n and_o either_o definite_o or_o by_o a_o distinct_a division_n in_o which_o case_n each_o be_v but_o liable_a for_o their_o own_o division_n l._n 2._o cod._n de_fw-fr dividen_n tut_o 15._o as_o to_o the_o duty_n of_o tutor_n they_o be_v alike_o in_o they_o all_o and_o the_o first_o be_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o pupil_n person_n wherein_o a_o tutor_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o pupil_n mother_n offer_v to_o entertain_v he_o gratis_o though_o the_o person_n near_o to_o succeed_v be_v marry_v upon_o the_o tutor_n sister_n here_o the_o tutor_n be_v nominat_fw-la and_o the_o mother_n marry_v july_n 4._o 1629._o laird_n of_o longshaw_n contra_fw-la moor._n the_o like_a where_o both_o the_o tutor_n and_o the_o mother_n offer_v to_o aliment_n the_o pupil_n gratis_o but_o the_o mother_n second_o husband_n have_v apprize_v the_o pupil_n land_n and_o the_o pupil_n be_v a_o lass_n only_o of_o five_o year_n old_a february_n ult_n 1632._o gordoun_n contra_fw-la corsan_fw-la a_o tutor_n be_v find_v to_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o his_o pupil_n who_o be_v a_o heretrix_fw-la and_o not_o her_o mother_n though_o she_o offer_v to_o entertain_v she_o gratis_o be_v marry_v to_o a_o second_o husband_n february_n 5._o 1675._o foullartoun_n contra_fw-la lady_n boyne_n yea_o a_o tutor_n obtain_v his_o pupil_n person_n to_o be_v remove_v from_o her_o mother_n though_o unmarried_a at_o the_o pupil_n age_n of_o eleven_o year_n albeit_o the_o pupil_n be_v valitudinary_a and_o she_o be_v appoint_v to_o remain_v with_o one_o of_o her_o father_n friend_n to_o the_o effect_n that_o she_o may_v not_o be_v influence_v as_o to_o her_o marriage_n by_o her_o mother_n or_o her_o friend_n february_n 6._o 1666._o laird_n of_o dury_n contra_fw-la lady_n dury_n but_o if_o the_o tutor_n be_v immediate_o to_o succeed_v to_o the_o pupil_n he_o have_v not_o the_o custody_n of_o his_o person_n which_o be_v to_o be_v with_o his_o mother_n or_o some_o other_o person_n at_o the_o arbitrament_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o a_o modification_n for_o the_o pupil_n aliment_n according_a to_o his_o mean_n nic._n ubi_fw-la pupulli_fw-la marry_o foulis_n contra_fw-la mcmath_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o other_o immediate_a successor_n though_o the_o tutor_n be_v next_o he_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o pupil_n person_n ibid._n forrester_n contra_fw-la smith_n of_o old_a tutor_n be_v exclude_v by_o the_o donator_n of_o ward_n from_o custody_n of_o the_o ward_n pupil_n person_n january_n 15._o 1549._o laird_n of_o achname_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o elphingstoun_n and_o lethingtoun_n march_n 16._o 1565._o weir_n contra_fw-la lockart_n and_o july_n 1566._o george_n weir_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o lee._n spot_n hic_fw-la hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o gaustoun_n since_o the_o tutor_n and_o the_o pupil_n mother_n have_v licence_n from_o he_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o pupil_n person_n to_o the_o donator_n of_o his_o ward_n nic._n ubi_fw-la pupulli_fw-la morari_fw-la mr._n james_n chalmers_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n houstoun_n the_o next_o duty_n of_o tutor_n be_v to_o authorise_v the_o pupil_n in_o action_n of_o law_n which_o though_o it_o be_v do_v ordinary_o by_o all_o the_o tutor_n when_o they_o be_v more_o yet_o one_o of_o three_o be_v admit_v to_o authorise_v a_o pupil_n in_o a_o pursuit_n against_o the_o other_o two_o to_o accept_v or_o renounce_v though_o they_o be_v all_o name_v joint_o march_v 8._o 1628._o moor_n and_o thomson_n contra_fw-la kincaid_n tutor_n or_o their_o factor_n be_v presume_v to_o do_v that_o to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o pupil_n which_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o though_o it_o be_v do_v proprio_fw-la nomine_fw-la it_o accresce_v to_o the_o pupil_n july_n 18._o 1635._o edmonstoun_n contra_fw-la edmonstoun_n and_o so_o a_o tack_v of_o the_o pupil_n rent_n take_v by_o the_o tutor_n factor_n to_o himself_o and_o his_o wife_n in_o liferent_a be_v find_v to_o accress_v to_o the_o pupil_n except_o as_o to_o the_o wife_n liferent-land_n march_v
of_o infeftment_n as_o in_o the_o former_a case_n of_o apprize_a or_o where_o the_o father_n have_v a_o disposition_n without_o possession_n january_n 31._o 1665._o heleson_n kello_n contra_fw-la pringle_n but_o the_o want_n of_o infeftment_n of_o the_o father_n author_n be_v not_o find_v relevant_a january_n 18._o 1667._o barbara_n chapman_n contra_fw-la john_n white_n neither_o will_v this_o privilege_n exclude_v the_o father_n obligement_n to_o denude_v himself_o of_o the_o infeftment_n in_o question_n spot_n minor_n john_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la for_o there_o there_o be_v no_o competition_n of_o right_n but_o implement_n of_o a_o obligement_n and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o sustain_v in_o a_o reduction_n upon_o a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la in_o a_o few_o hope_n de_fw-fr monoribus_fw-la contra_fw-la mitchel_n neither_o to_o exclude_v reduction_n ob_fw-la non_fw-la solutum_fw-la canonem_fw-la by_o the_o father_n though_o the_o few_o contain_v no_o conventional_a clause_n irritant_fw-la february_n 20._o 1633._o lennox_z contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d neither_o do_v it_o exclude_v the_o probation_n of_o the_o tenor_n of_o a_o charter_n which_o may_v exclude_v the_o minor_n right_o february_n 15._o 1628._o master_n of_o jedburgh_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o home_n albeit_o it_o will_v exclude_v process_n upon_o that_o charter_n neither_o do_v it_o exclude_v process_n in_o relation_n to_o march_n perambulation_n or_o vision_n of_o land_n july_n 27._o 1675._o robertson_n of_o inveray_fw-fr contra_fw-la gilbert_n stuart_n neither_o do_v it_o exclude_v the_o nullity_n of_o a_o disposition_n by_o a_o wife_n to_o her_o husband_n die_v within_o the_o year_n february_n 15._o 1678._o marry_o gordoun_n and_o her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la captain_n robert_n maxwel_n but_o the_o privilege_n be_v find_v not_o only_o competent_a to_o defend_v minor_n in_o their_o property_n but_o in_o their_o commontie_z hope_n de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la contra_fw-la mitchel_n where_o reason_n of_o reduction_n be_v probable_a by_o witness_n so_o that_o the_o probation_n may_v perish_v by_o delay_n witness_n be_v always_o receive_v to_o remain_v in_o retentis_fw-la january_n 31._o 1665._o kello_n contra_fw-la pringle_n february_n 15._o 1678._o marry_o gordoun_n and_o her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la captain_n robert_n maxwel_n where_o the_o interest_n of_o minor_n be_v not_o the_o chief_a right_n but_o a_o major_n right_o whereby_o the_o minor_n will_v fall_v in_o consequence_n the_o process_n do_v proceed_v but_o the_o minor_a be_v hold_v as_o not_o call_v november_n 25._o 1624._o hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la matheson_n spot_n minor_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la chrysty_a or_o where_o a_o major_a liferenter_fw-la be_v call_v with_o a_o minor_a fire_n the_o process_n proceed_v against_o the_o liferenter_fw-la but_o the_o minor_a be_v as_o not_o call_v march_z 21._o 1628._o alexander_n bamanno_n contra_fw-la zule_n july_n 5._o 1665._o james_n borthwick_n contra_fw-la janet_n skein_n this_o privilege_n be_v not_o relevant_a against_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o father_n or_o his_o author_n as_o to_o his_o possession_n or_o right_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v not_o defend_v against_o forefaulture_n of_o the_o father_n author_n whereby_o the_o father_n right_o fall_v in_o consequence_n spot_n minor_n james_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la galstoun_n neither_o against_o recognition_n february_n 19_o 1662._o lady_n carnagy_n contra_fw-la lord_n cranburn_n neither_o will_v it_o defend_v against_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donator_n pursue_v for_o any_o casuality_n of_o his_o superiority_n 35._o curatour_n differ_v in_o their_o office_n from_o tutor_n main_o in_o this_o that_o tutor_n be_v give_v chief_o for_o the_o pupil_n person_n but_o curatour_n be_v give_v for_o the_o right_a manage_n of_o their_o good_n and_o affair_n second_o tutor_n act_n for_o and_o in_o name_n of_o their_o pupil_n who_o in_o their_o pupilarity_n have_v no_o discretion_n but_o curatour_n can_v and_o be_v only_o oblige_v by_o their_o office_n to_o authorise_v their_o minor_n and_o act_n with_o they_o by_o consent_v to_o their_o deed_n for_o instance_n curatour_n can_v discharge_v for_o their_o minor_n but_o only_o consent_v to_o their_o minor_n discharge_v and_o so_o father_n after_o their_o child_n pupilarity_n june_n 26._o 1610._o forrester_n contra_fw-la forrester_n january_n 9_o 1675._o mckintosh_n contra_fw-la frazer_n of_o strichen_n 36._o their_o duty_n be_v to_o see_v to_o the_o minor_n affair_n that_o they_o get_v not_o detriment_n and_o so_o they_o must_v answer_v not_o only_o for_o the_o deed_n whereunto_o they_o consent_v but_o for_o their_o omission_n and_o for_o any_o detriment_n the_o minor_a suffer_v by_o their_o negligence_n and_o therefore_o a_o curator_n be_v find_v liable_a for_o intromission_n and_o omission_n albeit_o the_o act_n of_o of_o curatory_n do_v not_o bear_v that_o he_o compear_v and_o do_v find_v caution_n see_v he_o accept_v thereafter_o by_o subscribe_v a_o write_n with_o the_o minor_a as_o his_o curatour_n which_o be_v find_v to_o oblige_v he_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o acceptance_n november_n 18._o 1671._o charles_n calsie_n contra_fw-la james_n elleis_n but_o curatour_n continue_v to_o uplift_v their_o minor_n rend_v after_o majority_n be_v find_v not_o liable_a for_o omission_n these_o year_n unless_o they_o have_v a_o distinct_a factory_a continue_a per_fw-la tacitam_fw-la reconventionem_fw-la ibidem_fw-la and_o therefore_o they_o must_v not_o only_o be_v counsellor_n to_o the_o minor_n show_v they_o what_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o require_v they_o to_o do_v the_o same_o but_o special_o they_o must_v cause_v they_o constitute_v factor_n and_o grant_v procuratory_n to_o person_n for_o uplift_v their_o money_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o stock_n of_o that_o which_o may_v be_v in_o hazard_n or_o annualrent_a or_o rent_n and_o to_o grant_v procuratory_n for_o pursue_v their_o action_n and_o put_v they_o to_o execution_n for_o see_v they_o must_v be_v countable_a they_o must_v not_o suffer_v the_o minor_a to_o have_v his_o own_o good_n and_o his_o own_o money_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n lest_o he_o lose_v and_o misspend_v they_o these_o procuratory_n may_v be_v give_v to_o some_o of_o themselves_o and_o in_o many_o thing_n their_o very_a office_n include_v a_o procuratory_n be_v less_o than_o curatory_n but_o though_o they_o may_v intromet_n with_o the_o pupil_n mean_v themselves_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o be_v servant_n or_o factor_n but_o may_v authorise_v such_o be_v liable_a always_o that_o they_o act_v therein_o profitable_o but_o if_o the_o minor_a will_v not_o authorise_v such_o nor_o do_v these_o deed_n needful_a and_o profitable_a for_o his_o affair_n the_o curatour_n may_v crave_v to_o be_v exoner_v so_o they_o may_v also_o do_v if_o he_o meddle_v with_o his_o own_o mean_n and_o will_v not_o be_v restrain_v or_o if_o any_o of_o the_o other_o curatours_n act_n unprofitable_o or_o without_o consent_n of_o the_o rest_n the_o curatour_n must_v do_v diligence_n to_o remove_v they_o as_o suspect_v and_o malversant_a curatour_n be_v to_o recover_v that_o which_o be_v unwarrantable_o meddle_v with_o otherways_o they_o be_v liable_a not_o only_o for_o their_o own_o omission_n or_o intromission_n but_o for_o the_o other_o curatour_n and_o so_o be_v all_o liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la as_o have_v be_v say_v of_o tutor_n february_n 11._o 1630._o guthrie_n contra_fw-la guthrie_n and_o they_o be_v liable_a for_o annualrent_a of_o minor_n mean_n as_o tutor_n be_v february_n 24._o 1627._o francis_n guthrie_n contra_fw-la guthrie_n yea_o their_o heir_n though_o minor_n for_o the_o time_n after_o expire_a of_o the_o tutory_a ibid._n where_o the_o curatours_n heir_n be_v find_v liable_a for_o the_o annualrent_a of_o a_o sum_n consign_v to_o the_o minor_a but_o curatour_n express_o choose_v with_o a_o quorum_n and_o with_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v only_o oblige_v for_o deed_n whereunto_o they_o consent_v and_o be_v free_a of_o omission_n be_v so_o approven_v by_o the_o lord_n during_o their_o office_n and_o though_o the_o minor_a act_v deed_n very_o prejudicial_a with_o any_o other_o quorum_n yet_o the_o rest_n be_v not_o free_v nor_o acquit_v of_o their_o office_n as_o not_o be_v in_o hazard_n by_o these_o deed_n nic._n de_fw-fr tut_o clerkingtoun_n and_o scot_n tarbet_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o bucleuch_n and_o his_o other_o curatour_n but_o where_o the_o act_n of_o curatory_n bear_v that_o the_o curatour_n be_v name_v joint_o or_o three_o of_o they_o to_o be_v a_o quorum_n two_o only_o accept_v the_o curatorie_n be_v find_v null_n january_n 25._o 1672._o sir_n james_n ramsay_n contra_fw-la maxwel_n but_o where_o they_o be_v not_o name_v joint_o the_o death_n of_o one_o do_v not_o anul_v the_o curatory_n january_n 4._o 1666._o fairfowl_n contra_fw-la binning_n and_o though_o there_o be_v a_o quorum_n constitute_v all_o the_o curatour_n be_v liable_a for_o diligence_n and_o if_o any_o quorum_n act_n hurtfullie_o they_o must_v crave_v they_o to_o be_v remove_v and_o what_o they_o have_v so_o do_v to_o be_v
needs_o only_o take_v infeftment_n of_o the_o great_a interest_n 18._o the_o first_o and_o most_o common_a casuality_n of_o superiority_n be_v nonentry_n whereby_o the_o fee_n be_v void_a and_o no_o infeftment_n renew_v thereof_o through_o the_o vassal_n neglect_v be_v capable_a of_o entry_n thereto_o the_o profit_v thereof_o belong_v to_o the_o superior_a by_o the_o common_a feudal_n custom_n there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o investiture_n requisite_a at_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o fee_n but_o it_o behove_v to_o be_v renew_v either_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o vassal_n or_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o superior_a guidilinus_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la nov_fw-mi pars_fw-la 2._o cap._n 6._o zoesius_fw-la de_fw-la feudis_fw-la cap._n 12._o but_o our_o custom_n require_v no_o infeftment_n at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o superior_a but_o only_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o vassal_n for_o we_o require_v no_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n but_o fidelity_n itself_o be_v import_v due_a without_o a_o oath_n but_o elsewhere_o that_o oath_n be_v require_v and_o be_v personal_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v renew_v both_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o vassal_n and_o of_o the_o superior_a but_o with_o we_o there_o be_v no_o fee_n without_o infeftment_n nulla_fw-la sasina_fw-la nusla_fw-la terra_fw-la therefore_o the_o vassal_n must_v have_v the_o infeftment_n renew_v the_o renovation_n of_o infeftment_n to_o heir_n in_o france_n and_o england_n be_v not_o requisite_a but_o 〈◊〉_d sasit_fw-la 〈◊〉_d as_o they_o express_v it_o by_o which_o a_o special_a retour_fw-fr perfect_v the_o heir_n right_a in_o his_o fee_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ease_n which_o be_v not_o consonant_a to_o the_o common_a feudal_n custom_n whereby_o if_o the_o vassal_n within_o year_n and_o day_n after_o his_o predecessor_n death_n require_v not_o to_o be_v enter_v by_o his_o superior_a and_o offer_v his_o fidelity_n he_o forefault_n his_o fee_n l._n 2._o feudorum_fw-la tit_n 24._o which_o severity_n we_o use_v not_o for_o the_o vassal_n lose_v not_o his_o fee_n by_o nonentry_n nor_o the_o whole_a fruit_n of_o it_o during_o that_o time_n but_o our_o custom_n be_v such_o if_o by_o any_o mean_v the_o fee_n be_v void_a the_o vassal_n right_o cease_v during_o that_o time_n and_o the_o fee_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a and_o therefore_o in_o retour_n to_o that_o article_n of_o the_o brieve_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o land_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o a_o man_n superior_a and_o though_o the_o infeftment_n of_o the_o predecessor_n against_o other_o than_o the_o superior_a be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v the_o right_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o vassal_n as_o to_o his_o superior_a it_o have_v no_o effect_n at_o all_o after_o special_a declarator_n till_o the_o vassal_n enter_v the_o fee_n may_v be_v thus_o void_a first_o by_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o heir_n whereby_o he_o can_v enter_v by_o reason_n of_o ward_n but_o this_o be_v express_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ward_n and_o nonentry_n though_o it_o may_v signify_v the_o fee_n be_v void_a whether_o necessary_o or_o voluntary_o yet_o it_o be_v appropriate_a to_o the_o latter_a and_o contra_fw-la distinguish_v to_o ward_n the_o fee_n become_v void_a by_o the_o voluntary_a outly_v of_o the_o vassal_n heir_n or_o by_o the_o vassal_n resignation_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o superior_a for_o new_a infeftment_n to_o be_v give_v to_o himself_o or_o to_o any_o other_o for_o till_o that_o infeftment_n be_v take_v the_o fee_n be_v also_o in_o nonentry_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o resignation_n put_v the_o fee_n in_o the_o superior_n hand_n upon_o who_o there_o be_v a_o obligement_n to_o renew_v the_o infeftment_n to_o the_o person_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o resignation_n be_v grant_v upon_o which_o he_o may_v be_v compel_v by_o a_o personal_a action_n so_o to_o do_v and_o which_o be_v carry_v to_o that_o person_n heir_n by_o a_o general_a service_n as_o other_o personal_a heritable_a right_n or_o disposition_n 19_o or_o by_o the_o reduction_n or_o nullity_n of_o the_o infeftment_n or_o retour_fw-fr of_o any_o person_n former_o infeft_v which_o be_v more_o rigorous_a than_o the_o rest_n see_v the_o vassal_n have_v thereby_o a_o colourable_a title_n and_o be_v bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la possessor_n see_v reduction_n use_v not_o to_o be_v draw_v back_o adpraeterita_fw-la so_o reduction_n of_o retour_n be_v sustain_v at_o the_o superior_n instance_n to_o give_v he_o the_o benefit_n of_o nonentry_n july_n 12._o 1625._o lord_n cathcart_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o kerse_n februany_n last_o 1628._o earl_n of_o nithisdail_n contra_fw-la westraw_n and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v consider_v what_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n will_v import_v if_o nonentry_n have_v its_o rise_n from_o ingratitude_n or_o a_o penalty_n with_o we_o by_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o vassal_n it_o can_v hardly_o take_v place_n in_o this_o case_n for_o unless_o such_o infeftment_n have_v proceed_v upon_o the_o fraud_n or_o gross_a ignorance_n of_o the_o vassal_n himself_o it_o can_v not_o be_v call_v voluntary_a nonentry_n which_o stand_v upon_o some_o informality_n unknown_a to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o predecessor_n but_o see_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o nonentry_n be_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n which_o can_v consist_v without_o infeftment_n therefore_o by_o such_o nullity_n it_o must_v follow_v that_o while_o there_o be_v no_o infeftment_n or_o a_o nats_n infeftment_n the_o vassal_n have_v no_o interest_n neither_o will_v there_o be_v hazard_n of_o rigour_n because_o it_o can_v but_o extend_v to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n and_o be_v eleided_a by_o all_o the_o way_n that_o other_o non-entry_n be_v and_o special_o by_o the_o superior_n homologation_n of_o the_o infeftment_n if_o the_o nullity_n be_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o superior_a as_o when_o land_n be_v retour_v to_o less_o retour_fw-fr mail_n than_o the_o due_a or_o feu-duty_n or_o other_o duty_n in_o the_o reddenda_fw-la be_v diminish_v for_o it_o be_v not_o rare_a that_o that_o which_o be_v null_a as_o to_o some_o person_n and_o case_n may_v be_v valid_a as_o to_o other_o from_o these_o nullity_n be_v injury_n to_o the_o superior_a nonentry_n will_v follow_v if_o there_o be_v no_o valid_a seasine_n then_o nonentry_n will_v take_v place_n though_o charter_n and_o precept_n be_v grant_v voluntary_o see_v seasine_n be_v not_o take_v thereupon_o 20._o nonentry_n take_v place_n whenever_o the_o fee_n be_v void_a whether_o it_o be_v hold_v ward_n blanch_n or_o feu_n but_o that_o which_o be_v hold_v in_o burgage_n or_o be_v mortify_v require_v no_o renovation_n of_o the_o infeftment_n because_o society_n and_o incorporation_n die_v not_o which_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o particular_a tenement_n within_o burgh_n hold_v burgage_n which_o be_v thereby_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o burgh_n give_v the_o infeftment_n as_o his_o baily_n 21._o the_o effect_n of_o nonentry_n be_v attain_v by_o a_o declarator_n of_o nonentry_n the_o style_n whereof_o bear_v that_o the_o tenement_n be_v void_a by_o the_o death_n of_o such_o a_o person_n who_o die_v last_o infeft_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v so_o declare_v and_o that_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n thereof_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o superior_a by_o reason_n of_o nonentry_n yet_o because_o the_o case_n of_o the_o vassal_n be_v favourable_a decreet_a be_v only_o grant_v declare_v the_o nonentry_n and_o find_v only_o the_o feu-duty_n due_a in_o land_n hold_v feu_n july_n 19_o 1631._o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n contra_fw-la george_n strang_n or_o the_o retoured_a male_n in_o land_n hold_v ward_n or_o blansh_a which_o have_v any_o such_o retour_fw-fr or_o otherways_o the_o whole_a duty_n of_o the_o fee_n be_v carry_v the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o feve_n be_v location_n and_o the_o feu-duty_n be_v the_o rent_n or_o pension_n and_o therefore_o in_o favorabilibus_fw-la that_o be_v interpret_v to_o be_v the_o rent_n so_o likewise_o in_o other_o land_n the_o retour_fw-fr be_v a_o valuation_n of_o the_o land_n as_o they_o be_v worth_a and_o pay_v at_o that_o time_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v call_v the_o old_a extent_n and_o it_o be_v express_v by_o merk-land_n or_o pound-land_n the_o other_o be_v the_o new_a retour_fw-fr which_o though_o it_o be_v different_a in_o divers_a shire_n yet_o be_v once_o a_o rent_n in_o this_o favourable_a case_n the_o general_a declarator_n reach_v no_o further_o yea_o though_o there_o be_v no_o retour_fw-fr of_o the_o particular_a parcel_n of_o land_n in_o question_n yet_o if_o there_o be_v a_o retour_fw-fr of_o the_o tenement_n or_o barony_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o part_n that_o common_a retour_fw-fr will_n be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o present_a rent_n and_o a_o proportion_n thereof_o state_v upon_o this_o parcel_n as_o its_o retour_fw-fr as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o former_a case_n earl_n of_o kinghorn_n
but_o upon_o the_o vassal_n rebellion_n and_o disobedience_n to_o law_n which_o be_v not_o against_o the_o superior_a or_o any_o delinquence_n against_o the_o feudal_a contract_n the_o vassal_n liferent_a escheat_n give_v the_o superior_a no_o more_o than_o the_o vassal_n himself_o have_v the_o time_n of_o his_o denunciation_n and_o so_o all_o real_a right_n complete_a by_o possession_n whether_o infeftment_n or_o tack_n be_v not_o prejudge_v by_o the_o subsequent_a life-rent_a escheat_n as_o be_v find_v january_n 19_o 1672._o mr._n william_n beatoun_n contra_fw-la scot_n of_o letham_n in_o feve_n so_o far_o as_o be_v allow_v by_o law_n the_o vassal_n life-rent_a will_v reach_v no_o more_o than_o the_o feu-duty_n of_o feve_n set_v by_o the_o vassal_n before_o his_o denunciation_n but_o any_o subaltern_a base_a infeftment_n not_o clad_v with_o possession_n before_o rebellion_n be_v exclude_v by_o the_o life-rent_a march_v 19_o 1633._o laird_n of_o rentoun_n con_v blackcader_n feb._n 21._o 1667._o robert_n miln_n con_v clerkson_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v find_v that_o possession_n not_o be_v attain_v in_o cursu_fw-la rebellionis_fw-la during_o the_o year_n it_o be_v not_o effectual_a if_o a_o 〈◊〉_d be_v set_v without_o diminution_n of_o the_o rental_a for_o the_o old_a tack-dutie_n it_o will_v not_o be_v exclude_v by_o the_o life-rent_a though_o it_o be_v set_v after_o denunciation_n as_o be_v find_v in_o a_o tack_v after_o denunciation_n within_o the_o year_n hope_n horning_n charter_n contra_fw-la mclelland_n spot_n escheat_n tillibairn_n contra_fw-la dalziel_n the_o like_a of_o a_o tack_v set_v to_o a_o kindly_a tenant_n hope_n horning_n paton_n contra_fw-la drumrash_n for_o in_o such_o case_n set_v of_o tack_n be_v a_o necessary_a administration_n for_o the_o good_a of_o both_o superior_a and_o vassal_n and_o to_o shun_v debate_n concern_v prejudice_n and_o unanswerable_a tack-duty_n as_o in_o other_o case_n of_o administration_n of_o benefice_a person_n so_o if_o there_o tack_n be_v set_v without_o diminution_n of_o the_o rental_a they_o be_v good_a 54._o liferent-escheat_n extend_v itself_o to_o all_o fee_n whether_o hold_v ward_n blensh_fw-mi or_o feu_fw-fr but_o not_o to_o burgage_n and_o mortification_n because_o the_o fire_n be_v a_o society_n and_o incorporation_n which_o die_v not_o and_o therefore_o have_v no_o liferent-escheat_n and_o though_o denunciation_n may_v be_v use_v against_o the_o person_n administrate_v the_o same_o even_o for_o that_o which_o be_v due_a by_o the_o incorporation_n and_o as_o they_o represent_v it_o yet_o that_o be_v suppose_v their_o fault_n and_o negligence_n do_v not_o prejudge_v the_o society_n as_o magistrate_n of_o burgh_n master_n of_o college_n incumbent_n in_o common_a or_o collegiat_fw-la kirk_n chapter_n or_o convent_v sede_fw-la vacant_a 55._o but_o where_o a_o benefice_a person_n have_v a_o distinct_a benefice_n or_o a_o stipendiary_a be_v denunce_v for_o his_o own_o debt_n his_o liferent-escheat_n fall_v and_o therewith_o the_o profit_n during_o his_o life_n or_o incumbency_n because_o though_o the_o fee_n be_v not_o in_o he_o yet_o he_o have_v a_o distinct_a liferent_a thereof_o which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o former_a case_n where_o both_o fee_n and_o profit_n be_v in_o the_o society_n 56._o liferent-escheat_n be_v make_v effectual_a by_o a_o general_a declarator_n find_v the_o vassal_n to_o be_v denunce_v and_o year_n and_o day_n pass_v by_o production_n of_o the_o horning_n but_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o prove_v he_o vassal_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o singular_a successor_n in_o the_o superiority_n not_o acknowledge_v by_o the_o vassal_n or_o in_o case_n the_o vassal_n disclaim_v herein_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o profit_n but_o this_o declarator_n be_v obtain_v the_o fee_n be_v void_a from_o the_o denunciation_n and_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n have_v access_n to_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n thereof_o and_o to_o set_v and_o remove_v the_o same_o and_o to_o do_v all_o deed_n accustom_v by_o the_o vassal_n himself_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o ward_n this_o use_v to_o be_v do_v by_o a_o special_a declarator_n which_o be_v now_o accustom_a to_o be_v in_o one_o process_n with_o the_o general_a declarator_n as_o to_o the_o profit_n vide_fw-la title_n 25._o title_n xv._n annualrent_n where_o of_o pension_n and_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n 1._o description_n of_o annualrent_a 2._o therise_v of_o annualrent_fw-la 3._o the_o manner_n of_o constitute_v annualrent_n 4._o the_o kind_n of_o hold_v of_o annualrent_n 5._o liferent-escheat_n of_o annualrenter_n 6._o kind_n of_o annualrent_n among_o the_o english_a 7._o the_o difference_n of_o feu_n annual_n ground_n annual_n and_o top_n annual_n 8._o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n 9_o the_o extent_n thereof_o 10._o who_o must_v be_v cite_v in_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n 11._o the_o effect_n of_o poind_v the_o ground_n as_o to_o ground_n right_n 12._o the_o order_n of_o poind_v movable_n by_o several_a annualrenter_n 13._o annualrent_n be_v effectual_a personal_o against_o intrometter_n 14._o annualrent_n be_v movable_a as_o to_o bygones_fw-la 15._o extinction_n of_o annualrent_n 16._o ecclesiastic_a pension_n affect_v the_o benefice_n 17._o pension_n by_o secular_a person_n how_o far_o effectual_a 18._o the_o king_n pension_n be_v not_o arrestable_a whether_o annualrent_a by_o infeftment_n be_v a_o distinct_a right_n of_o property_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v only_o a_o servitude_n upon_o the_o ground_n leave_v the_o name_n of_o property_n to_o the_o ground_n right_o as_o craig_n esteem_v l._n 1._o dieges_fw-fr 10._o §_o last_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a much_o debate_n but_o in_o either_o case_n it_o fall_v fit_o here_o under_o consideration_n after_o property_n and_o superiority_n and_o before_o unquestionable_a servitude_n 1._o annualrent_a be_v so_o call_v because_o it_o return_v to_o be_v pay_v every_o year_n at_o one_o or_o two_o term_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v call_v rent_n and_o because_o it_o be_v yearly_o so_o pay_v it_o be_v call_v annualrent_n the_o english_a extend_v these_o rent_n to_o rent_n due_a by_o lease_n or_o tack_v but_o with_o we_o annualrent_n be_v only_o constitute_v by_o infeftment_n and_o though_o the_o disposition_n or_o provision_n thereof_o may_v be_v sufficient_a against_o the_o constituent_a or_o his_o heir_n it_o be_v not_o effectual_a against_o their_o singular_a successor_n and_o be_v no_o real_a right_n of_o the_o ground_n 2._o the_o rise_n of_o annualrent_n be_v from_o the_o prohibition_n of_o usury_n in_o the_o canon_n law_n which_o they_o extend_v to_o the_o take_n of_o any_o annual_a or_o profit_n for_o money_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n in_o lieu_n whereof_o those_o who_o be_v unfit_a for_o trading_n or_o manage_v the_o property_n of_o land_n buy_v annualrent_n either_o irredeemable_o or_o under_o reversion_n it_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n with_o the_o personal_a obligement_n for_o annualrent_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v still_o retain_v where_o annualrent_a according_a to_o the_o rate_v prescribe_v by_o statute_n or_o custom_n be_v allow_v by_o personal_a obligation_n and_o be_v not_o usury_n and_o the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v in_o security_n thereof_o annualrent_n may_v be_v constitute_v either_o of_o money_n victual_n or_o other_o fungible_a and_o that_o either_o in_o fee_n and_o heritage_n or_o in_o liferent_a and_o either_o by_o a_o several_a infeftment_n or_o by_o reservation_n in_o infeftment_n of_o property_n in_o which_o case_n the_o proprietar_n seasine_n serve_v both_o 3._o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n in_o most_o thing_n do_v agree_v with_o the_o infeftment_n of_o property_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o constitute_v thereof_o by_o charter_n or_o disposition_n and_o seasine_n in_o which_o the_o symbol_n and_o token_n of_o the_o delivery_n of_o possession_n of_o the_o annualrent_a when_o money_n be_v a_o penny_n money_n and_o when_o victual_n a_o parcel_n thereof_o yet_o a_o old_a infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v sustain_v though_o it_o bear_v only_a seasine_n to_o be_v give_v according_a to_o the_o solemnity_n use_v in_o such_o case_n albeit_o it_o be_v give_v thirty_o six_o year_n before_o and_o no_o possession_n thereby_o march_v 23._o 1631._o somervel_v contra_fw-la somervel_v of_o drum_n and_o be_v once_o validat_fw-la by_o possession_n it_o be_v not_o exclude_v by_o the_o infeftment_n of_o property_n of_o the_o present_a heretor_fw-la though_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la show_v not_o the_o infeftment_n of_o he_o who_o constitute_v the_o annualrent_a with_o the_o proprietar_n his_o author_n infeftment_n so_o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v whether_o both_o infeftment_n flow_v from_o one_o common_a author_n see_v the_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v prior_n to_o the_o infeftment_n of_o property_n it_o be_v not_o exclude_v thereby_o february_n 7._o 1667._o smeitoun_n contra_fw-la tarbet_n 4._o annualrent_a may_v be_v either_o hold_v ward_n or_o blensh_o or_o by_o mortification_n and_o use_v not_o to_o be_v hold_v feu_n or_o burgage_n and_o be_v
interpret_v they_o will_v render_v infeftment_n of_o small_a effect_n that_o we_o may_v proceed_v orderly_o in_o this_o matter_n we_o shall_v consider_v first_o the_o constitution_n of_o tack_n second_o the_o extent_n and_o effect_n of_o they_o three_o the_o kind_n of_o they_o four_o the_o restricstion_n and_o defect_n of_o they_o five_o the_o avoid_n and_o remove_v of_o they_o as_o to_o the_o first_o tack_n be_v also_o call_v assedation_n as_o a_o set_n or_o settle_v of_o the_o tenement_n in_o the_o land_n the_o english_a call_v they_o leass_n some_o tack_n be_v also_o call_v rental_n as_o be_v the_o constitution_n of_o a_o fix_a rent_n and_o they_o be_v of_o long_a endurance_n then_o ordinary_a tack_n be_v of_o one_o or_o more_o liserent_n and_o have_v somewhat_o special_a in_o they_o of_o which_o hereafter_o 3._o as_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o tack_v consider_v first_o who_o may_v constitute_v it_o second_o of_o what_o three_o how_n for_o the_o first_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o effectual_a tack_v the_o setter_n must_v not_o only_o have_v all_o the_o capacity_n requisite_a to_o contract_n but_o he_o must_v have_v right_a to_o the_o thing_n set_v and_o power_n to_o administrate_n which_o be_v tack_n may_v either_o be_v grant_v by_o commission_n if_o it_o be_v special_a as_o to_o the_o tack_n or_o at_o least_o as_o to_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n and_o a_o general_a clause_n for_o other_o or_o otherways_o by_o tutor_n curator_n or_o other_o administrator_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o other_o concern_v who_o craig_n lib._n 2._o dieg._n 10._o move_v and_o remove_v this_o doubt_n whether_o tutor_n etc._n etc._n may_v set_v tack_n for_o long_a time_n then_o during_o their_o office_n which_o he_o resolve_v negative_o even_o though_o it_o be_v without_o the_o minor_n detriment_n continue_v the_o ancient_a tack-duty_n see_v he_o be_v so_o far_o hurt_v as_o not_o to_o have_v the_o free_a disposal_n of_o his_o own_o the_o subject_n whereof_o tack_n be_v ordinary_o set_v be_v land_n but_o it_o may_v be_v any_o other_o thing_n have_v fruit_n or_o profit_n as_o a_o fish_n a_o office_n or_o a_o casuality_n as_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o constitute_a tack_n they_o must_v be_v consider_v in_o themselves_o first_o as_o personal_a right_n second_o as_o by_o the_o statute_n become_v real_a as_o they_o be_v personal_a right_n the_o consent_n of_o the_o setter_n and_o tack-man_n agree_v in_o the_o rent_n be_v sufficient_a 4._o but_o as_o tack_n be_v become_v real_a right_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o write_v except_o in_o a_o tack_v of_o one_o year_n which_o may_v be_v verbal_a but_o if_o the_o agreement_n be_v for_o more_o year_n the_o setter_n may_v resile_n and_o though_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v in_o possession_n if_o he_o resile_v it_o will_v have_v no_o effect_n as_o to_o subsequent_a year_n july_n 16._o 1636._o alexander_n keith_n contra_n his_o tenant_n the_o like_a though_o the_o tennent_n possess_v and_o build_v house_n conform_v to_o the_o agreement_n yet_o the_o penalty_n of_o pay_v a_o year_n rend_v by_o the_o failzier_n to_o the_o observer_n be_v find_v to_o stand_v july_n 15._o 1637._o mr._n andrew_n skein_n contra_fw-la but_o if_o once_o there_o be_v a_o tack_v the_o setter_n promise_v not_o to_o remove_v the_o tennent_n during_o his_o life_n be_v find_v effectual_a and_o not_o to_o be_v resile_v from_o nicol._n de_fw-fr migrando_fw-la lumbsden_n contra_fw-la black_n 5._o the_o write_v requisite_a to_o constitute_v a_o tack_v require_v not_o many_o solemnity_n but_o if_o the_o thing_n set_v the_o party_n the_o rent_n and_o the_o time_n be_v clear_v the_o tack_v will_v be_v valid_a it_o be_v ordinary_o grant_v by_o the_o setter_n to_o the_o tacks-man_n for_o such_o a_o duty_n without_o any_o mutual_a obligement_n upon_o his_o part_n like_v unto_o a_o charter_n but_o because_o the_o tennent_n not_o be_v bind_v may_v at_o the_o end_n of_o any_o year_n before_o whitsonday_n renounce_v such_o a_o tack_v and_o be_v free_a as_o be_v in_o his_o favour_n therefore_o they_o be_v now_o ordinary_o by_o contract_n whereby_o the_o tacks-man_n as_o well_o as_o the_o setter_n be_v oblige_v to_o stand_v thereto_o 6._o craig_n say_v in_o the_o forecited_n place_n pactum_fw-la de_fw-la assedatione_fw-la facienda_fw-la &_o ipsa_fw-la assedatio_fw-la parificantur_fw-la praecipue_fw-la si_fw-la possessio_fw-la sequatur_fw-la which_o be_v unquestionable_a as_o to_o the_o setter_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o be_v also_o find_v against_o a_o singular_a successor_n by_o a_o personal_a obligement_n in_o a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n provide_v land_n to_o a_o wise_a and_o warrand_a the_o same_o free_a of_o all_o teind_n except_o such_o a_o quantity_n which_o be_v in_o use_n to_o be_v pay_v whereby_o a_o posteriour_a assignation_n to_o the_o tack_v of_o these_o teind_n be_v exclude_v march_v 20._o 1629._o laird_n of_o finmouth_n contra_fw-la weyms_n the_o like_a of_o a_o tack_v and_o decreet_a arbitral_n decern_v a_o tack_v to_o be_v grant_v this_o be_v in_o a_o spuilzie_n hope_n spuilzie_n john_n crawford_n contra_fw-la 7._o as_o a_o tack_v become_v a_o real_a right_n it_o must_v necessary_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n but_o require_v no_o seasine_n or_o instrument_n or_o other_o solemnity_n july_n 11._o 1627._o wallace_n contra_fw-la harvie_n january_n 22._o 1611._o laird_n of_o pitsligo_fw-la contra_fw-la philorth_n the_o like_a though_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v in_o possession_n yet_o not_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o tack_v but_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o wodset_n though_o the_o tack_v be_v renew_v the_o time_n of_o the_o time_n of_o the_o wodset_n hope_v remove_v walter_z ord_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o fydie_a and_o therefore_o a_o posterior_n tack_v being_n first_o clad_v with_o possession_n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o prior_n tack_v june_n 23._o 1627._o mr._n john_n mcmillan_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n of_o troquhan_n 8._o yet_o a_o tack_v after_o redemption_n of_o wodsett_n land_n be_v valide_fw-la against_o singular_a successor_n as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o reversion_n though_o it_o attain_v no_o possession_n before_o the_o setter_n be_v denude_v but_o it_o be_v contrary_a in_o a_o back-tack_n appoint_v to_o follow_v a_o redemption_n of_o a_o annualrent_a for_o it_o and_o 〈◊〉_d land_n be_v diverse_a and_o the_o possession_n thereof_o diverse_a nicolson_n remove_v gavin_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la alexander_n and_o other_o but_o the_o prorogation_n of_o a_o tack_v be_v the_o renovation_n of_o it_o and_o have_v the_o same_o effect_n as_o a_o new_a tack_v of_o that_o date_n for_o the_o year_n in_o the_o prorogation_n 9_o as_o to_o the_o extension_n and_o effect_n of_o tack_n they_o be_v little_o less_o than_o of_o infeftment_n for_o thereby_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v maintain_v against_o all_o party_n have_v interest_n till_o the_o tack_v be_v outrun_v and_o be_v warn_v even_o though_o set_v by_o a_o liferenter_fw-la it_o will_v maintain_v the_o tennent_n against_o the_o fire_n either_o from_o remove_v till_o warning_n or_o from_o pay_v more_o than_o the_o liferenter_n tack_v duty_n though_o it_o be_v small_a july_n 6._o 1610._o mr._n robert_n bruce_n contra_fw-la captain_n bruce_n yea_o though_o the_o tack-duty_n be_v elusory_a set_v by_o a_o appriser_n to_o a_o person_n be_v no_o labourer_n of_o the_o ground_n february_n 3._o 1631._o blave_n contra_fw-la winrham_n the_o reason_n why_o tack_n by_o liferenter_n be_v effectual_a for_o the_o year_n in_o which_o the_o liferenter_fw-la die_v because_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n tenant_n can_v only_o be_v warn_v to_o remove_v forty_o day_n precede_v whitsonday_n so_o that_o if_o the_o liferenter_n live_v till_o thirty_o nine_o day_n before_o whitsonday_n their_o tenant_n can_v be_v remove_v but_o brook_v per_fw-la tacitam_fw-la relocationem_fw-la till_o the_o new_a time_n of_o warning_n 10._o a_o tack_v have_v also_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n upon_o seven_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n as_o a_o infeftment_n without_o necessity_n to_o dispute_v the_o setter_n right_a july_n 13._o 1636._o bishop_n of_o edinburgh_n contra_fw-la gilbert_n brown_n which_o be_v find_v where_o the_o tack_v do_v bear_v to_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o setter_n as_o heritable_a proprietar_n otherways_o a_o tack_v by_o a_o liferenter_fw-la tennent_n or_o donator_n may_v claim_v the_o benefit_n december_n 1._o 1676._o mr._n patrick_n home_n contra_fw-la sir_n laurence_n scot._n and_o therefore_o if_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o setter_n or_o liferenter_fw-la have_v any_o other_o temporary_a title_n it_o will_v be_v admit_v without_o reduction_n if_o the_o liferenter_fw-la or_o benefice_a person_n grant_a thereof_o be_v dead_a 11._o a_o tack_v set_v by_o a_o heretor_fw-la for_o a_o tack-duty_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o his_o creditor_n be_v find_v a_o real_a right_o effectual_a to_o the_o tenant_n but_o whether_o it_o will_v be_v find_v a_o real_a right_n in_o favour_n of_o
to_o a_o executor_n creditor_n of_o the_o cedent_n even_o as_o to_o his_o own_o debt_n july_n 27._o 1669._o exeutor_n of_o mr._n thomas_n ridp_v contra_fw-la home_n as_o to_o the_o extent_n and_o effect_n of_o assignation_n the_o same_o extend_v to_o all_o personal_a right_n whether_o movable_a or_o heritable_a as_o to_o bond_n liferent_n tack_n reversion_n mail_n and_o duty_n annualrent_n and_o to_o disposition_n of_o land_n and_o other_o till_o infeftment_n follow_v but_o be_v no_o valid_a conveyance_n of_o any_o right_o complete_v by_o infeftment_n except_o liferent_n which_o can_v have_v no_o subaltern_a infeftment_n as_o to_o the_o ground_n right_v itself_o though_o it_o may_v extend_v to_o the_o profit_n thereof_o as_o to_o mail_n and_o duty_n and_o annualrent_n and_o to_o these_o no_o long_o than_o the_o right_n by_o infeftment_n stand_v in_o the_o cedent_n person_n whence_o there_o arise_v to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o assigney_n a_o personal_a obligement_n upon_o the_o possessor_n which_o fail_v as_o to_o all_o term_n after_o denunciation_n decem._n 17._o 1622._o kinbrachmount_n contra_fw-la sir_n william_n anstruther_n and_o a_o assignation_n to_o such_o a_o sum_n yearly_a out_o of_o teind_n be_v find_v exclude_v by_o a_o apprize_a of_o or_o assignation_n to_o the_o tack_v of_o these_o teind_n feb._n 6._o 1666._o watson_n 〈◊〉_d pleming_n assignation_n be_v effectual_a not_o only_o of_o such_o right_n as_o be_v grant_v to_o heir_n and_o assigney_n but_o general_o to_o all_o right_n though_o not_o mention_v assigney_n which_o by_o their_o nature_n be_v transmissible_a and_o therefore_o a_o annualrent_a by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o daughter_n wherein_o his_o brother_n and_o sister_n be_v substitute_n fail_v the_o heir_n of_o her_o body_n without_o mention_v her_o assigney_n and_o wherein_o the_o annualrent_n be_v redeemable_a by_o payment_n of_o a_o principal_a sum_n which_o she_o have_v no_o power_n to_o require_v unless_o she_o be_v marry_v the_o annualrent_n be_v find_v to_o belong_v to_o her_o assigney_n after_o her_o death_n be_v principal_o constitute_v and_o not_o accessary_a to_o the_o principal_a sum_n june_n 24._o 1679._o sir_n william_n stuart_n contra_fw-la sir_n thomas_n stuart_n and_o albeit_o superior_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o receive_v singular_a successor_n without_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n yet_o before_o infeftment_n assigney_n to_o the_o disposition_n grant_v by_o the_o superior_a may_v compel_v he_o to_o receive_v the_o assigney_n which_o be_v so_o find_v though_o the_o superior_a allege_a that_o the_o superior_a be_v not_o in_o good_a term_n with_o he_o decem._n 23._o 1673._o ogilbie_n contra_fw-la kinloch_n of_o bandach_n but_o reversion_n and_o tack_n in_o most_o case_n unassignable_a unless_o they_o be_v grant_v to_o assigney_n for_o albeit_o the_o assignation_n be_v a_o procuratory_n may_v give_v they_o interest_n to_o act_v procuratorio_fw-la nomine_fw-la for_o the_o cedent_fw-la yet_o they_o can_v act_v proprio_fw-la nomine_fw-la as_o procurator_n in_o rem_fw-la svam_fw-la therefore_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o cedent_fw-la will_v always_o be_v competent_a against_o they_o and_o they_o can_v obtain_v declarator_n of_o redemption_n in_o their_o own_o name_n or_o decreet_a for_o denude_v of_o the_o wodsetter_n in_o their_o favour_n neither_o can_v assigney_n to_o tack_n enter_v in_o possession_n by_o virtue_n thereof_o yea_o liferent-rights_a by_o infeftment_n or_o tack_v be_v so_o peculiar_a to_o the_o liferenter_fw-la that_o no_o assignation_n can_v state_n they_o in_o the_o assigneys_n person_n but_o only_o the_o profit_n thence_o arise_v so_o that_o in_o the_o assigneys_n person_n they_o be_v not_o liferent_n and_o therefore_o the_o liferent_n of_o wife_n which_o belong_v to_o their_o husband_n jure_fw-la mariti_fw-la as_o a_o legal_a assignation_n fall_v not_o under_o the_o husband_n liferent-escheat_n as_o they_o will_v fall_v under_o the_o liferent_a of_o the_o wife_n unmarried_a but_o under_o the_o single_a escheat_n vide_fw-la title_n 〈◊〉_d upon_o escheat_n upon_o which_o ground_n hope_v upon_o assignation_n observe_n that_o assignation_n to_o liferent-tack_n make_v they_o fall_v under_o the_o assigney_n single_a escheat_n in_o the_o case_n of_o sir_n robert_n k_fw-mi contra_fw-la john_n ker._n 17._o three_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o sum_n carry_v with_o it_o the_o inhibition_n raise_v thereupon_o hope_v assignation_n walter_n hay_o contra_fw-la mark_v ker._n the_o like_a where_o only_o all_o action_n follow_v thereupon_o be_v express_v general_o june_n 28._o 1610._o blair_n contra_fw-la grace_n and_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o bond_n find_v to_o carry_v a_o bond_n of_o corroboration_n of_o the_o foresay_a bond_n though_o not_o mention_v therein_o albeit_o the_o assignation_n bear_v not_o that_o ordinary_a clause_n with_o all_o that_o have_v follow_v or_o may_v follow_v thereupon_o which_o be_v but_o a_o explicatory_a clause_n of_o style_n of_o that_o which_o inne_v dejure_v february_n 3._o 1676._o bultie_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o air_o 18._o four_o the_o effect_n of_o assignation_n be_v that_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o cedent_fw-la can_v prove_v against_o the_o assignee_n unless_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v litigious_a before_o the_o assignation_n or_o intimation_n as_o in_o the_o case_n after_o arrestment_n have_v be_v lay_v on_o and_o therefore_o a_o debtor_n have_v pursue_v the_o cedent_fw-la to_o annul_v the_o band_n upon_o a_o reason_n to_o be_v verify_v by_o the_o cedent_n oath_n before_o the_o assignee_n have_v intimate_fw-la the_o cedent_n oath_n be_v sustain_v february_n 15._o 1662._o pitfoddel_n contra_fw-la glenkindie_n and_o a_o assignee_n pursue_v in_o the_o cedent_n name_n and_o not_o in_o his_o own_o albeir_n he_o produccd_v his_o assignation_n in_o the_o process_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o other_o intimation_n thereof_o the_o cedent_n oath_n be_v admit_v against_o he_o feb._n 12._o 1678._o firazer_n contra_fw-la frazer_n of_o strichen_n july_n 26._o 1628._o john_n rule_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o aitoun_n or_o if_o the_o assignation_n be_v gratuitous_a without_o a_o cause_n onerous_a the_o cedent_n oath_n will_v be_v competent_a in_o all_o case_n against_o the_o assignee_n june_n 16._o 1665._o william_n wright_n contra_fw-la george_n sheil_n june_n 13._o 1668._o jack_n contra_fw-la mowat_n but_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o cedent_fw-la will_v prove_v against_o the_o assignee_n in_o england_n as_o to_o assignation_n make_v by_o residenter_n there_o june_n 28._o 1666._o mcmorland_n contra_fw-la william_n melvil_n 19_o five_o assignation_n be_v intimate_fw-la during_o the_o cedent_n life_n have_v summar_n execution_n and_o the_o assignee_n get_v protestation_n against_o a_o suspension_n raise_v against_o the_o cedent_fw-la after_o the_o cedent_n death_n without_o walkn_v or_o transference_n and_o thereupon_o all_o execution_n will_v proceed_v summary_o by_o horning_n poind_v apprize_a even_o after_o his_o death_n hope_v assignation_n lady_n craigmiller_n contra_fw-la stevinson_n otherways_o it_o will_v yield_v but_o a_o ordinary_a action_n jan._n 23._o 1624._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la the_o same_o be_v find_v and_o that_o there_o need_v no_o confirmation_n july_n 27._o 1664._o mr._n john_n murehead_n contra_fw-la yea_o though_o it_o be_v a_o assignation_n by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o son_n of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o debt_n yet_o action_n be_v sustain_v thereupon_o without_o confirmation_n june_n 25._o 1663._o james_n halyburtoun_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o roxburgh_n but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o delivery_n the_o assignation_n of_o all_o the_o good_n be_v not_o find_v to_o give_v action_n without_o confirmation_n june_n 23._o 1665._o procurator-fiscal_a of_o edinburgh_n contra_fw-la thomas_n fairholm_n or_o where_o there_o be_v reservation_n to_o the_o disponer_n to_o dispone_v otherways_o during_o his_o life_n july_n 4._o 1665_o commissar_n of_o saint_n andrews_n contra_fw-la hay_n of_o bowsie_a but_o since_o the_o restitution_n of_o bishop_n and_o revive_v of_o the_o quot_n action_n be_v sustain_v upon_o assignation_n not_o intimate_fw-la in_o the_o cedent_n life_n if_o they_o be_v special_a the_o pursuer_fw-mi always_o confirm_v before_o the_o decreet_a be_v extract_v 20_o except_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o probation_n all_o exception_n competent_a against_o the_o cedent_fw-la before_o the_o assignation_n or_o intimation_n be_v relevant_a against_o the_o assigney_n as_o payment_n compensation_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v find_v even_o as_o to_o assigneysto_o tack_n that_o the_o tacks-mans_n back-bond_n be_v sufficient_a against_o his_o singular_a successor_n by_o assignation_n decem._n 18._o 1668._o mr._n robert_n swintoun_n contra_fw-la john_n brown_n this_o be_v clear_a when_o exception_n relate_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n 21._o assignation_n to_o incomplete_a real_a right_n as_o appryzing_n disposition_n of_o land_n before_o infeftment_n be_v affect_v with_o the_o assigneys_n back-bond_n if_o the_o competition_n come_v in_o before_o infeftment_n inhibition_n be_v use_v or_o legal_a diligence_n that_o make_v the_o matter_n litigious_a and_o therefore_o the_o back-bond_n of_o a_o asigney_n to_o a_o
parliament_n 1617._o but_o even_o wodset_n can_v be_v transmit_v without_o resignation_n 9_o but_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o resignation_n must_v be_v by_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o procurator_n this_o question_n arise_v if_o the_o assignation_n be_v make_v by_o he_o who_o be_v not_o true_o vassal_n but_o with_o consent_n of_o the_o true_a vassal_n quid_fw-la juris_fw-la craig_n lib._n 3._o dieg_n 1._o show_n that_o in_o his_o time_n this_o question_n be_v not_o clear_o determine_v nor_o be_v he_o positive_a in_o it_o but_o this_o far_o if_o the_o resigner_n have_v no_o title_n no_o consent_n can_v be_v sufficient_a yet_o if_o he_o have_v a_o colourable_a title_n the_o consent_n of_o the_o true_a vassal_n may_v validate_v it_o if_o the_o true_a vassal_n be_v consenter_n to_o the_o procuratory_n of_o resignation_n either_o express_o bear_v that_o the_o disponer_n with_o consent_n etc._n etc._n constitute_v his_o procurator_n or_o if_o he_o be_v consenter_n to_o the_o disposition_n by_o be_v express_v in_o the_o entry_n thereof_o which_o be_v hold_v as_o extensive_a to_o the_o whole_a disposition_n and_o so_o as_o repeat_v in_o the_o same_o will_v be_v as_o valide_fw-la as_o if_o the_o consenter_n himself_o have_v grant_v the_o disposition_n or_o procuratory_n for_o the_o act_n of_o the_o disponer_n though_o more_o express_v and_o amplify_v be_v no_o more_o but_o his_o consent_n and_o so_o the_o other_o consent_v do_v the_o same_o material_o which_o he_o will_v do_v if_o he_o be_v disponer_o formal_o but_o if_o his_o consent_n be_v adhibite_fw-la after_o the_o resignation_n be_v make_v it_o be_v mere_o personal_a and_o can_v have_v influence_n on_o the_o resignation_n which_o be_v before_o it_o or_o if_o he_o but_o permit_v or_o give_v licence_n to_o the_o disponer_n or_o which_o be_v alike_o if_o he_o consent_v that_o the_o disponer_o dispone_v in_o so_o far_o as_o may_v concern_v the_o disponer_n right_a these_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a warrant_n for_o the_o resignation_n but_o if_o he_o give_v warrant_n or_o consent_n to_o the_o resignation_n it_o be_v sufficient_a neither_o be_v there_o neces_fw-la sity_n to_o distinguish_v whether_o the_o disponer_n have_v a_o colourable_a title_n or_o not_o se_z ing_z it_o be_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o true_a vassal_n and_o the_o resignation_n as_o flow_v from_o and_o warrant_v by_o that_o consent_n which_o transmit_v the_o right_a and_o therefore_o a_o infeftment_n of_o a_o annualrent_a grant_v by_o a_o person_n not_o infeft_v be_v find_v valide_fw-la because_o a_o consenter_n thereto_o be_v infeft_v and_o so_o it_o do_v exclude_v a_o valide_fw-la right_o flow_v from_o that_o consenter_n to_o a_o singular_a successor_n thereafter_o viz._n a_o tack_v decem._n 15._o 1630._o jean_n stirling_n contra_fw-la tenant_n 10._o resignation_n how_o necessary_a soever_o to_o transmit_v a_o infeftment_n yet_o because_o the_o procuratory_n and_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n may_v be_v lose_v therefore_o the_o vassal_n possess_v forty_o year_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o infeftment_n mention_v such_o a_o resignation_n the_o same_o will_v be_v valide_fw-la without_o the_o production_n of_o the_o procuratory_n or_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n which_o therefore_o be_v presume_v thence_o presumptione_n juris_fw-la par._n 1594._o cap._n 214._o 11._o as_o to_o the_o effect_n of_o resignation_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o when_o the_o same_o be_v true_o make_v and_o infeftment_n follow_v conform_v the_o resigner_n be_v full_o divest_v and_o the_o acquirer_n be_v full_o invest_v and_o if_o there_o be_v condition_n or_o provisiion_n whether_o bear_v express_a clause_n irritant_fw-la that_o the_o acquirer_n infeftment_n shall_v be_v null_a and_o the_o disponer_n infeftment_n shall_v revive_v or_o he_o have_v regress_n how_o far_o these_o be_v effectual_a till_o by_o resignation_n or_o judicial_a process_n the_o same_o be_v recover_v be_v more_o full_o clear_v before_o title_n infeftment_n it_o be_v no_o less_o evident_a that_o before_o resignation_n be_v make_v the_o disposition_n or_o procuratory_n operat_o nothing_o as_o to_o the_o real_a right_n which_o notwithstanding_o remain_v full_o in_o the_o disponer_n though_o he_o be_v personal_o oblige_v to_o perfect_v it_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o such_o express_a obligement_n in_o the_o disposition_n yet_o by_o the_o nature_n thereof_o the_o disponer_n be_v oblige_v to_o infeft_n himself_o if_o he_o be_v not_o infeft_v and_o to_o infeft_v the_o acquir_a hope_v alienation_n william_n gladstanes_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o mckerstoun_n yea_o the_o disposition_n of_o property_n be_v accomplish_v carrysall_a real_a right_n of_o the_o land_n or_o bond_n for_o grant_v real_a right_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o disponer_n or_o his_o author_n neither_o assign_v nor_o mention_v in_o the_o disposition_n july_n 1._o 1623._o craigy_n wallace_n contra_fw-la john_n chalmers_n yea_o a_o liferent_a carry_v the_o reversion_n in_o the_o disponers_n person_n as_o to_o the_o liferenter_n liferent_a use_n that_o there_o eupon_o he_o may_v redeem_v a_o wodset_n so_o likeways_o a_o disposition_n of_o land_n immediate_o before_o a_o term_n not_o express_v a_o entry_n nor_o assignation_n to_o the_o rent_n be_v find_v to_o exclude_v the_o disponer_n therefrom_o though_o infeftment_n follow_v not_o till_o after_o the_o term_n spot_n mail_n and_o duty_n andrew_n caldwal_n contra_fw-la robert_n stark_n and_o general_o it_o carry_v mail_n and_o duty_n as_o include_v virtual_o a_o assignation_n thereto_o july_n 15._o 1629._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la and_o though_o the_o disposition_n or_o procuratory_n can_v constitute_v a_o real_a right_n yet_o it_o do_v sufficient_o exclude_v the_o disponer_n or_o his_o heir_n from_o trouble_v the_o acquirer_n possession_n thereupon_o 12._o the_o main_a question_n than_o be_v what_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o resignation_n when_o do_v and_o accept_v by_o the_o superior_a and_o no_o infeftment_n follow_v thereon_o where_o in_o that_o case_n the_o right_n stand_v whether_o in_o the_o disponer_n acquirer_n or_o superior_a and_o whether_o the_o resigner_n be_v full_o thereby_o denude_v or_o if_o he_o may_v not_o grant_v a_o second_o resignation_n whereupon_o the_o first_o infeftment_n be_v recover_v will_v be_v effectual_a this_o be_v very_o learned_o debate_v by_o craig_n in_o the_o forementioned_a place_n where_o he_o show_v that_o the_o common_a opinion_n be_v that_o the_o second_o resignation_n with_o the_o first_o seasine_n will_v be_v prefer_v though_o the_o lord_n have_v decide_v otherways_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o citizen_n of_o perth_n who_o make_v a_o second_o resignation_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o son_n though_o after_o the_o first_o resignation_n by_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n yet_o craig_n approve_v the_o old_a opinion_n concern_v the_o resigner_n never_o to_o beful_o divest_v till_o the_o acquirer_n be_v invest_v this_o be_v clear_a that_o by_o the_o resignation_n the_o fee_n fall_v in_o nonentry_n '_o and_o be_v in_o the_o superior_n hand_n and_o while_o the_o resigner_n resign_v in_o his_o own_o favour_n bereceive_v or_o the_o resignation_n pass_v from_o or_o otherways_o the_o acquir_a be_v infeft_v the_o superior_a have_v the_o nonentry_n duty_n of_o the_o land_n resign_v if_o the_o infeftment_n be_v not_o delay_v through_o his_o own_o fault_n it_o be_v also_o clear_a that_o by_o the_o superior_n acceptance_n of_o the_o resignation_n in_o 〈◊〉_d there_o be_v upon_o he_o a_o personal_a obligation_n to_o infeft_a that_o person_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o resignation_n be_v make_v and_o therefore_o though_o the_o resigner_n dieuninfeft_v his_o heir_n by_o a_o single_a service_n have_v right_o to_o that_o asother_n personal_a right_n and_o thereupon_o may_v compel_v the_o superior_a to_o infeft_v he_o yea_o as_o craig_n observe_v in_o the_o forecited_n place_n the_o lord_n upon_o supplication_n without_o citation_n will_v grant_v letter_n summary_o upon_o sight_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n and_o warrant_v therefore_o to_o charge_v the_o superior_a to_o infeft_v the_o party_n in_o who_o favour_n it_o be_v make_v who_o may_v not_o receive_v another_o resignation_n or_o nfeft_v a_o other_o party_n or_o else_o his_o obligement_n may_v make_v he_o liable_a to_o the_o obtainer_n of_o the_o first_o resignation_n pro_fw-la 〈◊〉_d &_o inter_fw-la esse_fw-la if_o he_o be_v not_o in_o mora_fw-la in_o do_v diligence_n to_o get_v his_o new_a infeftment_n expede_n recenter_n but_o the_o real_a right_n will_v be_v carry_v by_o the_o first_o infeftment_n though_o upona_fw-la posterior_n resignation_n and_o so_o posterior_n decision_n go_v along_o with_o craig_n opinion_n not_o only_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o first_o public_a infeftment_n upona_fw-la second_o resignation_n but_o which_o be_v much_o more_o after_o a_o resignation_n make_v a_o base_a infeftment_n flow_v thereafter_o from_o the_o resigner_n and_o be_v but_o a_o short_a time_n before_o the_o public_a infeftment_n upon_o the_o resignation_n yet_o be_v prefer_v
the_o land_n that_o the_o value_n and_o worth_n thereof_o may_v the_o more_o clear_o appear_v where_o after_o discuss_v of_o the_o appryzer_n claim_v the_o hability_n of_o the_o person_n of_o inquest_n and_o witness_n so_o much_o land_n be_v apprise_v and_o adjudge_v as_o be_v worth_a the_o sum_n the_o year_n rend_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o expense_n of_o infeftment_n and_o if_o the_o land_n be_v burden_v with_o any_o former_a annualrent_n whereby_o a_o proportion_n of_o land_n can_v not_o be_v apprise_v free_a of_o burden_n there_o be_v apprise_v a_o annualrent_a forth_o of_o the_o land_n effeirand_a to_o the_o sum_n and_o expense_n aforesaid_a and_o redeemable_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n which_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o meaning_n and_o intent_n of_o the_o statute_n though_o by_o the_o word_n of_o it_o apprize_a of_o land_n be_v only_o mention_v it_o be_v ever_o extend_v to_o all_o heritable_a right_n thus_o it_o continue_v till_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n upon_o exception_n against_o the_o sheriff_n upon_o his_o interest_n relation_n or_o enimity_n or_o upon_o the_o lie_a of_o land_n in_o diverse_a jurisdiction_n for_o prevent_v of_o expense_n by_o many_o appryzing_n where_o the_o land_n in_o one_o jurisdiction_n suffice_v not_o do_v grant_v letter_n of_o apprize_a under_o the_o signet_n direct_v not_o to_o the_o ordinar_n sheriff_n but_o to_o sherift_n in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v frequent_a do_v come_v to_o run_v in_o course_n to_o messenger_n as_o sheriff_n in_o that_o part_n etc._n etc._n and_o thereby_o the_o appryzer_n in_o respect_n the_o letter_n have_v a_o blank_a for_o insert_v the_o messenger_n name_n do_v choice_n the_o messenger_n who_o do_v denunce_v all_o land_n and_o other_o heritable_a right_n which_o the_o appryzer_n pretend_v to_o belong_v to_o his_o debtor_n and_o in_o respect_n the_o letter_n bear_v dispensation_n of_o the_o place_n do_v apprise_v at_o edinhurgh_n all_o that_o the_o appryzer_n clame_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o debt_n without_o knowledge_n or_o consideration_n of_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n or_o other_o apprise_v or_o proportion_n to_o the_o sum_n apprise_v for_o and_o thereupon_o be_v infeft_v in_o the_o whole_a and_o pay_v to_o the_o superior_a a_o composition_n for_o a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o whole_a which_o be_v a_o considerable_a accession_n to_o the_o debtor_n debt_n and_o behove_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o he_o and_o by_o the_o say_n appryzing_n the_o appryzer_n may_v and_o oftentimes_o do_v enter_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o whole_a land_n without_o be_v countable_a for_o the_o rent_n thereof_o of_o what_o quantity_n soever_o by_o this_o abuse_n the_o intent_n of_o that_o excellent_a statute_n for_o appryzing_n be_v enervat_fw-la and_o the_o same_o turn_v in_o a_o mere_a formality_n until_o the_o par._n 1621._o cap._n 6._o which_o begin_v to_o correct_v that_o exorbitant_a abuse_n and_o declare_v appryzer_n countable_a for_o their_o intromission_n in_o so_o far_o as_o exceed_v their_o annualrent_n to_o be_v impute_v in_o their_o principal_a sum_n pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la and_o that_o they_o be_v thereby_o satisfy_v of_o their_o sum_n principal_a and_o annual_a composition_n to_o the_o superior_a and_o expense_n of_o apprize_a and_o infeftment_n that_o thereby_o the_o apprize_a shall_v expyre_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la and_o it_o be_v also_o declare_v that_o if_o the_o land_n apprise_v be_v not_o worth_a of_o free_a rent_n effeirand_a to_o the_o annualrent_a of_o the_o say_a sum_n that_o before_o redemption_n he_o shall_v be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o superplus_n by_o which_o act_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o minor_n may_v redeem_v land_n apprise_v from_o they_o at_o any_o time_n within_o their_o age_n of_o twenty_o five_o year_n complete_a yet_o so_o that_o after_o the_o first_o seven_o year_n the_o appryzer_n shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o whole_a mail_n and_o duty_n till_o he_o be_v redeem_v which_o have_v always_o be_v extend_v to_o land_n apprise_v from_o person_n be_v major_a if_o a_o minor_a succeed_v during_o the_o legal_a and_o if_o a_o person_n be_v major_a succeed_v to_o he_o who_o be_v minor_a he_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o reversion_n of_o seven_o year_n in_o so_o far_o as_o be_v not_o run_v in_o the_o minor_n life_n and_o if_o less_o remain_v then_o a_o year_n at_o the_o minor_n death_n the_o major_n have_v a_o full_a year_n to_o redeem_v after_o the_o minor_n death_n and_o by_o the_o act_n 1669._o of_o the_o abrogat_fw-la parliament_n 1641._o appryzer_n be_v declare_v countable_a for_o the_o rent_n of_o apprise_v land_n intromet_v with_o by_o they_o during_o all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o legal_a whether_o competent_a to_o minor_n or_o other_o and_o because_o of_o another_o great_a abuse_n by_o the_o debord_v of_o appryzing_n from_o the_o first_o institution_n that_o the_o first_o appryzer_n apprize_a the_o whole_a estate_n the_o other_o creditor_n have_v no_o more_o but_o the_o legal_a reversion_n which_o do_v ordinary_o expyre_v the_o subsequent_a creditor_n not_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v money_n to_o redeem_v the_o anterior_a appryzer_n whereby_o the_o first_o appryzer_n carry_v the_o whole_a estate_n and_o exclude_v all_o the_o rest_n and_o be_v ashamed_a to_o take_v so_o great_a a_o legal_a advantage_n and_o sometime_o not_o dare_v to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o do_v ordinary_o compone_v with_o the_o debtor_n his_o appearand_a heir_n or_o some_o confident_a to_o their_o behoof_n whereby_o the_o debtor_n heir_n recover_v his_o whole_a estate_n by_o satisfy_v one_o creditor_n and_o exclude_v all_o the_o rest_n therefore_o the_o par._n 1661._o by_o their_o act_n 62._o anent_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n declare_v that_o all_o appryzing_n deduce_v since_o the_o first_o of_o january_n 1652._o or_o to_o be_v deduce_v in_o time_n come_v within_o a_o year_n after_o the_o first_o apprize_a which_o become_v effectual_a by_o infeftment_n or_o charge_n shall_v come_v in_o pari_fw-la passu_fw-la as_o if_o one_o apprize_a have_v be_v lead_v for_o all_o the_o sum_n and_o thereby_o the_o legal_a be_v extend_v to_o ten_o year_n and_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o whensoever_o the_o appearand_a heir_n or_o any_o to_o his_o behoof_n shall_v acquire_v right_a to_o any_o expyre_v apprize_a that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v redeem_v from_o they_o within_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o year_n after_o their_o acquiry_n by_o posterior_n appryzer_n upon_o payment_n of_o what_o they_o true_o pay_v in_o so_o far_o as_o shall_v not_o be_v satisfy_v by_o their_o intromission_n but_o neither_o do_v this_o statute_n cure_v the_o abuse_n of_o appryzing_n and_o therefore_o the_o act_n of_o par._n of_o the_o 6._o of_o septem_fw-la 1672._o upon_o consideration_n of_o debord_v of_o appryzing_n from_o the_o first_o design_n and_o of_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n arise_v thereby_o for_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o all_o appryzer_n within_o year_n and_o day_n do_v give_v way_n to_o break_v the_o credit_n and_o ruin_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a heretor_n in_o the_o kingdom_n that_o creditor_n be_v thereby_o invite_v under_o the_o hazard_n of_o be_v exclude_v to_o appryze_v within_o a_o year_n and_o thereby_o one_o wilful_a malicious_a or_o necessitous_a creditor_n apprize_v all_o the_o rest_n follow_v and_o entire_o brook_v their_o credit_n unless_o they_o will_v pay_v all_o their_o debt_n in_o one_o day_n therefore_o the_o parliament_n do_v in_o place_n of_o appryzing_n ordain_v adjudication_n to_o proceed_v before_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n for_o adjudge_v the_o land_n and_o other_o heritable_a right_n of_o debtor_n effeirand_a to_o the_o sum_n apprise_v for_o and_o a_o five_o part_v more_o in_o place_n of_o the_o penaltiy_n and_o sheriff-fee_n and_o allow_v witness_n for_o either_o party_n for_o clear_v of_o the_o rental_a and_o rate_n of_o the_o land_n in_o the_o several_a place_n where_o they_o lie_v and_o appoint_v the_o adjudger_n to_o have_v present_a possession_n of_o the_o land_n adjudge_v not_o be_v accountable_a for_o his_o intromission_n during_o the_o legal_a redeemable_a only_o within_o five_o year_n whereby_o the_o creditor_n have_v easy_a accress_n for_o his_o satisfaction_n without_o all_o hazard_n or_o account_n which_o have_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o many_o tedious_a process_n of_o count_n and_o reckon_a for_o the_o intromission_n of_o former_a appryzer_n and_o wherein_o the_o adjudger_n be_v to_o have_v the_o consent_n of_o his_o debtor_n both_o as_o to_o right_n and_o possession_n and_o delivery_n of_o the_o evident_n and_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o if_o the_o debtor_n do_v not_o instruct_v and_o deliver_v a_o good_a right_n and_o consent_n as_o say_v be_v that_o the_o creditor_n may_v adjudge_v all_o the_o debtor_n estate_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n as_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1661._o between_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n we_o shall_v not_o here_o speak_v of_o
his_o council_n in_o any_o matter_n to_o be_v inquire_v before_o they_o par._n 1564._o cap._n 129._o purchaser_n of_o benefice_n at_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v denunce_v as_o traitor_n to_o the_o king_n par._n 1471._o cap._n 43._o par._n 1488._o cap._n 4._o par._n 1540_o cap._n 119._o so_o forger_n of_o the_o king_n coin_n and_o home-bringer_n thereof_o incur_v the_o lose_v of_o life_n land_n and_o good_n par._n 1563._o cap._n 70._o say_v of_o mass_n reset_a of_o jesuit_n seminary_n priest_n and_o traffique_a papist_n and_o these_o themselves_o be_v liable_a to_o treason_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 120._o par._n 1607._o cap._n 1._o raise_v of_o fire_n wilful_o or_o burn_v of_o house_n or_o corn_n whither_o folk_n be_v therein_o or_o not_o be_v declare_v treason_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 146._o land_a man_n commit_v or_o reset_a riot_n or_o robbery_n incur_v the_o pain_n of_o treason_n par._n 1587._o cap._n 50._o and_o general_o resetter_n maintainer_n and_o assister_n of_o declare_a traitor_n commit_v treason_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 144._o accuser_n of_o other_o of_o treason_n if_o the_o accuse_v be_v acquit_v commit_v treason_n par._n 1587._o cap._n 47._o 30._o forefaulture_n confiscate_v the_o forfaulted_a person_n whole_a estate_n without_o any_o access_n to_o his_o creditor_n yea_o without_o consideration_n of_o disposition_n infeftment_n or_o other_o real_a right_n grant_v by_o the_o forfaulted_a person_n since_o or_o before_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o crime_n of_o treason_n for_o which_o he_o be_v forfault_v which_o fall_n and_o become_v null_n by_o exception_n hope_n forfaultur_n viscount_n of_o rochester_n contra_fw-la tevent_v of_o callaurock_n july_n 14._o 1610._o campbel_n contra_fw-la lifnories_n spot_n conjunctfie_n crawfoord_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o murdiestoun_n unless_o these_o right_n have_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o king_n as_o superior_a or_o consent_v to_o by_o he_o it_o only_o remain_v dubius_fw-la whether_o feu_n infeftment_n grant_v by_o forefault_n person_n before_o commit_v of_o the_o crime_n be_v also_o annult_v by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n anent_o feus_n parnell_n 155._o cap._n 72._o shall_v not_o only_o defend_v they_o against_o recognition_n and_o the_o casualty_n of_o superiority_n but_o even_o against_o forfaultur_n itself_o it_o be_v therein_o declare_v that_o the_o king_n will_v ratify_v the_o say_n feus_n the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o other_o superior_n so_o that_o though_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la they_o be_v not_o confirm_v yet_o the_o declaration_n and_o obleigment_n of_o the_o statute_n stand_v as_o a_o confirmation_n thereof_o or_o at_o least_o as_o a_o obleigment_n upon_o all_o superior_n against_o which_o they_o nor_o their_o donator_n can_v come_v this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v while_o 〈◊〉_d be_v allow_v by_o law_n vide_fw-la title_n infefint_v 34._o sect._n it_o be_v so_o decide_v february_n 12._o 1674._o mark_n of_o huntlie_o contra_fw-la gordon_n cairnlorrow_n november_n 16._o 1680._o campbel_n of_o silver_n craigs_fw-mi contra_fw-la land_n of_o auchinbreck_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o argyl_n not_o only_o because_o the_o act_n of_o payliament_n 1587._o import_v a_o confirmation_n of_o feus_n grant_v thereafter_o but_o also_o because_o forefaulture_n be_v by_o penal_a statute_n and_o not_o by_o the_o feudal_n right_o like_v unto_o liferent_a escheat_n which_o return_v the_o fie_o to_o the_o superior_n but_o with_o the_o burden_n put_v thereupon_o by_o the_o vassal_n whether_o feu_n blensh_fw-mi ward_n or_o by_o annualrent_a or_o tack_v and_o therefore_o when_o any_o person_n be_v forefault_n that_o be_v not_o the_o king_n immediate_a ward_n vassal_n his_o estate_n both_o property_n and_o superiority_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n but_o with_o the_o burden_n of_o all_o real_a right_n constitute_v by_o the_o vassal_n yet_o forefaultur_n of_o the_o king_n immediate_a ward_n vassal_n proceed_v upon_o crime_n infer_v recognition_n and_o therefore_o return_v his_o ward_n land_n to_o the_o king_n as_o they_o come_v from_o the_o king_n free_a of_o all_o burden_n so_o that_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1457._o which_o unquestionable_o secure_v against_o ward_n and_o recognition_n must_v also_o secure_v feus_n against_o the_o forefaultur_n of_o the_o vassal_n grant_a of_o the_o feus_n but_o will_v not_o secure_v any_o other_o subaltern_a right_n without_o the_o superior_n consent_n as_o a_o blensh_a infeftment_n jan._n 13._o 1677._o mark_n of_o huntlie_o contra_fw-la laird_n of_o grant_n 32._o tack_n also_o be_v necessary_a and_o profitable_a be_v not_o exclude_v by_o forfaultur_n maitland_n december_n 14._o 1570._o home_o of_o manderstoun_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o oldhamstock_n leslie_n of_o wachtcun_fw-la contra_fw-la the_o like_o as_o to_o tack_n for_o a_o competent_a duty_n but_o not_o in_o tack_n for_o grassam_n january_n 28._o 1674._o general_n dalziel_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o caldwall_n 33._o but_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1644._o forfaultur_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v without_o prejudice_n to_o all_o person_n not_o accessary_a to_o the_o crime_n of_o the_o superior_a of_o the_o right_n of_o property_n of_o any_o land_n wodset_n or_o other_o hold_v by_o they_o of_o the_o forefault_n person_n or_o of_o the_o payment_n of_o their_o just_a debt_n or_o relief_n of_o their_o cautionry_n our_o of_o the_o forfaulted_a estate_n which_o be_v now_o rescind_v by_o the_o general_a act_n rescissary_n par._n 1661._o cap._n 15._o 34._o forefaultur_n can_v not_o be_v pronunce_v in_o absence_n of_o the_o forefault_n person_n by_o the_o justice_n gerneral_n but_o only_o by_o the_o parliament_n so_o that_o no_o certification_n of_o the_o justice_n can_v reach_v land_n but_o only_o movable_n so_o july_n 8._o 1662._o william_n yeoman_n contra_fw-la mr._n patrick_n oliphant_n neither_o can_v it_o extend_v to_o heritable_a band_n november_n 31._o 1671._o anthony_n hag_n contra_fw-la moscrop_a and_o rutherfoord_n but_o now_o the_o justice_n may_v proceed_v to_o forefault_n absent_v in_o case_n of_o open_a rebellion_n and_o rise_v in_o arm_n par._n 1669._o cap._n 11._o 35._o because_o of_o the_o defficulty_n the_o king_n or_o his_o donatar_n may_v have_v in_o know_v the_o right_n of_o foresaulted_a person_n by_o labour_v the_o same_o with_o their_o own_o good_n set_v the_o same_o to_o tenant_n and_o up-lifting_a the_o mail_n and_o duty_n as_o their_o heritage_n and_o so_o be_v reput_fw-la heritable_a possessor_n for_o the_o space_n of_o five_o year_n immediate_o precede_v the_o process_n of_o forefalture_n the_o land_n so_o labour_v or_o possess_v pertain_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o donatar_n though_o they_o can_v produce_v no_o heritable_a right_n or_o title_n thereof_o in_o the_o forefault_n person_n for_o trial_n whereof_o commission_n may_v be_v grant_v under_o the_o testimonial_a of_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o such_o person_n as_o shall_v be_v think_v fit_a by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o secret_a council_n to_o take_v cognition_n by_o a_o inquest_n what_o land_n be_v brook_v by_o the_o forefault_n person_n as_o heritable_a possessor_n thereof_o so_o common_o reput_n and_o esteem_v by_o the_o say_v five_o year_n space_n with_o power_n to_o call_v before_o they_o all_o party_n pretend_v interest_n which_o be_v reture_v to_o the_o chancelarie_n ad_fw-la perpetuam_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la shall_v be_v a_o sufficient_a right_n par._n 1584._o cap._n 2._o this_o right_n be_v sustain_v to_o a_o donatar_n though_o near_a of_o kin_n to_o the_o forefault_n person_n and_o presumeable_a to_o have_v his_o right_a july_n 11._o 1623._o maxwel_o contra_fw-la westeraw_n but_o here_o the_o donatar_n be_v make_v to_o depone_v that_o he_o have_v just_a reason_n to_o affirm_v that_o the_o right_n be_v want_v hope_v possession_n inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la this_o right_n be_v not_o elide_v though_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o forefault_n person_n right_o be_v reduce_v in_o foro_fw-la contradictorio_fw-la upon_o recognition_n before_o his_o forefaulture_n feb._n 20._o 1611._o hairstons_n contra_fw-la ramebel_n so_o the_o say_v 5._o year_n possession_n be_v repute_n heritable_a possessor_n infer_v presumptionem_fw-la juris_fw-la &_o de_fw-la jure_fw-la of_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n right_o which_o admit_v no_o contrary_a probation_n as_o to_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n right_o if_o the_o quinquennial_n peaceable_a and_o lawful_a possession_n be_v prove_v but_o the_o probation_n thereof_o by_o inquest_n will_v not_o exclude_v a_o contrary_a probation_n by_o reduction_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o other_o within_o the_o 5._o year_n and_o if_o the_o possession_n be_v not_o lawful_a and_o peaceable_a but_o interrupt_v or_o vicious_a the_o statute_n take_v no_o place_n for_o by_o possession_n lawful_a peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n must_v be_v understand_v and_o if_o any_o person_n have_v move_v action_n within_o the_o 5._o year_n for_o take_v away_o the_o rebel_n right_a and_o possession_n they_o will_v be_v hear_v after_o the_o forefaulture_n as_o
before_o yea_o citation_n before_o the_o 5._o year_n and_o inhibition_n in_o the_o 5._o year_n with_o a_o subsequent_a security_n be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o take_v off_o the_o benefit_n of_o this_o act_n july_n 23._o 1666._o earl_n of_o southesk_n contra_fw-la marquis_n of_o huntlie_o this_o privilege_n be_v not_o competent_a by_o exception_n or_o reply_v offer_v to_o prove_v 5._o year_n possession_n but_o by_o a_o reture_n upon_o a_o commission_n serve_v by_o a_o inquest_n july_n 13._o 1666._o sr._n henry_n hoom_n contra_fw-la sr._n alexander_n hoom._n in_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v also_o provide_v that_o where_o there_o be_v tack_n or_o possession_n of_o land_n or_o teind_n possess_v by_o the_o forefault_n person_n in_o respect_n that_o the_o right_n thereof_o may_v also_o be_v abstract_v that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o donatar_n shall_v continue_v in_o that_o same_o possession_n for_o sieve_n year_n without_o any_o account_n for_o the_o profit_n thereof_o and_o long_o if_o a_o right_o be_v instruct_v of_o the_o forefault_n person_n and_o if_o a_o few_o be_v forefault_n the_o land_n be_v not_o liable_a for_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n precede_v the_o forefaulture_n because_o the_o discharge_v thereof_o may_v have_v be_v abstract_v possession_n for_o fever_n then_o 5._o year_n by_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o continue_v for_o 5_o year_n though_o no_o tack_v be_v instruct_v jannuary_n 24._o 1667._o sr._n henry_n hoom_n contra_fw-la sr._n alexander_n hoom._n 36._o it_o be_v also_o declare_v in_o this_o statute_n that_o the_o forefaultur_n of_o the_o appearand_a heir_n carry_v therewith_o the_o right_n of_o the_o land_n to_o which_o he_o may_v succeed_v though_o he_o be_v never_o enter_v heir_n nor_o infeft_v whereof_o craig_n mention_n a_o case_n lib._n 2._o dieg._n 8._o that_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o laird_n of_o laisindrum_fw-la be_v exclude_v from_o their_o succession_n to_o their_o goodsir_n because_o their_o father_n be_v forefault_n though_o he_o be_v never_o receive_v nor_o infeft_v in_o these_o land_n 37._o craig_n in_o the_o forecited_a place_n move_v but_o determine_v not_o this_o question_n whether_o the_o forefaulture_n inser_v a_o corruption_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o all_o the_o descendants_n of_o the_o forefault_n person_n whereby_o till_o they_o be_v restore_v they_o be_v incapable_a of_o any_o succession_n though_o descend_v to_o they_o by_o the_o maternal_a line_n this_o corruption_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v frequent_o in_o fngland_n where_o person_n be_v special_o attaint_v and_o convict_v of_o treason_n and_o sometime_o with_o we_o it_o be_v call_v dishabilitation_n and_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o doom_n or_o sentence_n that_o the_o successor_n of_o the_o person_n convict_v shall_v be_v incapable_a of_o land_n estate_n honour_n or_o office_n yea_o then_o fame_n and_o memory_n be_v sometime_o condemn_v and_o their_o surname_n abolish_v as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o forefalture_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o gourie_n but_o it_o be_v not_o consonant_a to_o our_o custom_n that_o forefaulture_n in_o other_o case_n shall_v infer_v this_o corruption_n of_o blood_n first_o because_o of_o the_o multiplication_n of_o case_n to_o which_o forefaulture_n be_v now_o extend_v as_o to_o th_a on_o 〈◊〉_d man_n and_o false_a coyn._n 2._o if_o none_o of_o the_o descendants_n of_o 〈◊〉_d person_n be_v capable_a of_o succession_n to_o any_o person_n that_o can_v not_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o any_o speciality_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o succession_n but_o of_o something_o in_o their_o person_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o forefaulture_n exclude_v they_o thence_o which_o will_v not_o only_o take_v place_n in_o heritage_n but_o in_o movable_n yea_o the_o oye_n or_o far_a offspring_n of_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n can_v not_o succeed_v to_o their_o ownimmediat_a parent_n which_o will_v infer_v that_o they_o can_v be_v capable_a of_o no_o good_n or_o mean_n but_o the_o same_o will_v be_v instant_o confiscate_v 3._o though_o forefaulture_n in_o scotland_n have_v be_v very_o frequent_a the_o offpring_a of_o such_o have_v ordinary_o acquire_v land_n and_o good_n and_o their_o child_n succeed_v they_o therein_o without_o obtain_v restitution_n of_o their_o blood_n so_o that_o this_o corruption_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v think_v a_o speciality_n in_o some_o attrocious_a treason_n by_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o doom_n of_o forefaulture_n than_o a_o general_a consequence_n thereof_o 38._o but_o whereas_o it_o have_v be_v say_v that_o the_o appearand_a heir_n be_v forefault_v the_o king_n have_v right_a to_o the_o heritage_n to_o which_o he_o may_v succeed_v it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o that_o my_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o appearand_a heir_n if_o he_o be_v forefault_v during_o his_o predecessor_n life_n or_o if_o it_o be_v only_o in_o the_o case_n that_o the_o heir_n apparent_a be_v forefault_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o predecessor_n where_o de_fw-fr presenti_fw-la he_o may_v be_v heir_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n if_o the_o person_n forefault_v shall_v be_v fugitive_n and_o survive_v his_o predecessor_n but_o the_o heritage_n accrese_v to_o he_o wherein_o he_o may_v de_fw-la presenti_fw-la infeft_v will_v fall_v under_o forefaulture_n though_o he_o be_v not_o actual_o infeft_v and_o it_o seem_v no_o less_o clear_a that_o be_v forefault_v if_o he_o shall_v die_v before_o his_o predecessor_n that_o his_o brother_n or_o collateral_n may_v succeed_v to_o their_o father_n or_o any_o other_o to_o who_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n if_o he_o have_v survive_v they_o will_v have_v succeed_v it_o be_v more_o doubtful_a whether_o his_o descendants_n can_v if_o any_o be_v for_o these_o will_v exclude_v the_o collaterall_n and_o there_o seem_v no_o reason_n to_o exclude_v they_o from_o their_o grandfather_n heritage_n not_o be_v dishabilitat_fw-la and_o see_v i_o have_v not_o find_v it_o extend_v further_o i_o conceive_v it_o more_o favourable_a that_o the_o heir_n appearand_n die_v before_o his_o predecessor_n shall_v not_o hinder_v his_o descendants_n to_o succeed_v to_o that_o predecessor_n but_o unless_o the_o forefaulture_n do_v incapacitat_fw-la the_o predecessor_n to_o dispose_v upon_o his_o own_o estate_n the_o forefaulture_n in_o that_o case_n will_v be_v improfitable_a yet_o see_v we_o have_v no_o complaint_n of_o exhaeredatione_fw-la in_o scotland_n but_o that_o parent_n may_v free_o dispose_v of_o their_o estate_n at_o their_o pleasure_n it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o bind_v up_o the_o parent_n more_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o fisk_n then_o tohis_fw-la own_o child_n unless_o fraud_n to_o prevent_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o forefaulture_n without_o a_o rational_a cause_n do_v appear_v 39_o for_o the_o further_a security_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o denatar_n it_o be_v provyde_v par._n 1594._o cap._n 202._o that_o no_o letter_n of_o pension_n factory_a band_n or_o assignation_n grant_v by_o any_o forefault_n person_n shall_v be_v valid_a unless_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o king_n or_o authorize_v by_o decreet_a of_o a_o ordinary_a judge_n obtain_v before_o citation_n in_o the_o process_n of_o forefaulture_n which_o seem_v to_o insinuate_v that_o creditor_n shall_v be_v satisfy_v out_o of_o the_o forefault_n estate_n but_o it_o will_v reach_v no_o further_o than_o the_o movable_n fall_v by_o forefaultnre_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v affect_v in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o fall_v by_o single-escheat_n the_o full_a dominion_n in_o both_o be_v the_o king_n but_o with_o the_o burden_n of_o admit_v the_o diligence_n of_o lawful_a creditor_n before_o declarator_n but_o i_o have_v not_o observe_v this_o practise_v in_o moveable_n of_o forefault_n person_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o statute_n appear_v by_o the_o act_n immediate_o precede_v whereby_o a_o former_a act_n of_o parliament_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o vassal_n of_o forefault_n person_n be_v resoind_v and_o appoint_v to_o be_v delet_fw-la out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o parliament_n which_o rescinded_a act_n though_o it_o be_v not_o extant_a but_o delet_fw-la as_o aforesaid_a have_v affect_v forefault_n estate_n with_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o forefault_n person_n and_o with_o the_o subaltern_a infeftment_n grant_v by_o forefault_n person_n not_o confirm_v and_o therefore_o such_o right_n being_n constitute_v by_o a_o law_n then_o stand_v can_v not_o be_v derogat_n by_o a_o subsequent_a law_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d to_o caution_n by_o the_o foresay_a act_n 202._o that_o simulat_fw-la or_o antedate_a right_n may_v not_o affect_v estate_n forefault_v before_o the_o say_v rescissory_a act._n 40._o sentence_n of_o forefaulture_n be_v pronunce_v be_v declare_v irreducible_a upon_o any_o nullity_n in_o the_o process_n upon_o which_o it_o proceed_v till_o the_o 〈◊〉_d be_v remit_v by_o the_o king_n or_o the_o party_n try_v and_o acquit_v thereof_o but_o restitution_n shall_v only_o be_v grant_v by_o way_n of_o grace_n to_o the_o party_n forefault_v or_o their_o posterity_n par._n 1584._o
cap._n 135._o which_o be_v not_o find_v to_o extend_v to_o dishabilitation_n of_o the_o son_n of_o the_o forefaulted_a person_n but_o that_o it_o may_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v take_v off_o without_o citation_n of_o any_o party_n who_o have_v acquire_v right_o upon_o the_o dishabilitation_n from_o the_o donatar_n which_o fall_v in_o consequence_n february_n 24._o 1665._o da_z elizabeth_z douglas_z and_o sr._n robert_n sinclair_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o wedderburn_n 41._o the_o doom_n or_o decreet_a of_o forefaulture_n when_o past_a in_o parliament_n give_v immediate_a access_n to_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o estate_n possess_v by_o the_o forefault_n person_n and_o needs_o no_o declaratar_n because_o it_o be_v a_o decreet_a of_o parliament_n and_o have_v the_o like_a effect_n as_o ward_n which_o require_v no_o declarator_n jan._n 6._o 1681._o george_n hoom_n contra_fw-la mr._n patrick_n hoom._n the_o like_a though_o the_o doom_n of_o forefaulture_n be_v by_o the_o justice_n in_o absence_n see_v it_o be_v ratify_v in_o parliament_n not_o by_o a_o ratification_n pass_v of_o course_n but_o by_o a_o public_a law_n ratifie_v that_o forefaultnre_n by_o the_o justice_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v do_v in_o parliament_n and_o all_o such_o forefaulture_n by_o the_o justice_n be_v for_o open_a rebellion_n and_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n december_n 15._o 1680._o gordon_n of_o troquhen_n contra_fw-la a_o wodsetter_n of_o barscow_n 42._o bastardrie_n and_o last_o heir_n make_v thing_n befall_v to_o the_o fisk_n as_o caduciary_n because_o such_o thing_n can_v be_v lawful_o claim_v by_o none_o and_o therefore_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o fisk._n ere_o we_o can_v conceive_v the_o effect_n of_o bastardrie_n we_o must_v understand_v the_o efficient_a that_o make_v a_o bastard_n which_o be_v relative_n and_o defective_a be_v best_a take_v up_o by_o the_o opposite_a viz._n a_o lawful_a child_n beget_v of_o person_n lawful_o marry_v so_o than_o a_o bastard_n be_v a_o child_n who_o parent_n werenot_v lawful_o marry_v and_o therefore_o such_o be_v bastard_n first_o who_o parent_n be_v not_o at_o all_o marry_a 2._o these_o who_o parent_n be_v marry_v yet_o be_v not_o in_o degree_n capable_a of_o marriage_n 3._o these_o who_o be_v marry_v and_o in_o capable_a degree_n yet_o the_o marriage_n be_v inconsistent_a because_o of_o some_o impediment_n as_o if_o either_o party_n be_v marry_v before_o and_o the_o other_o spouse_n on_o life_n whether_o that_o be_v solemn_o or_o private_o by_o promise_n of_o marriage_n and_o copulation_n follow_v in_o which_o last_o case_n if_o the_o impediment_n be_v secret_a and_o not_o know_v to_o both_o party_n craig_n observe_v as_o his_o own_o opinion_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o say_a impediment_n though_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o annul_v the_o marriage_n yet_o not_o to_o take_v away_o the_o legitimation_n of_o the_o child_n procreate_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la by_o any_o of_o the_o party_n before_o knowledge_n of_o that_o impediment_n but_o because_o who_o be_v the_o parent_n be_v sometime_o dubious_a procreation_n be_v secret_a both_o in_o the_o act_n and_o effect_n for_o clear_v thereof_o it_o be_v the_o common_a rule_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o with_o we_o pater_fw-la est_fw-la quem_fw-la justae_fw-la nuptiae_fw-la demonstrant_fw-la l._n 5._o f._n de_fw-fr in_o jus_o vocando_fw-la so_o he_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v the_o father_n who_o the_o time_n that_o the_o conception_n may_v be_v be_v marry_v to_o the_o mother_n but_o in_o this_o case_n lawful_a marriage_n be_v not_o oppose_v to_o clandestine_v or_o irregular_a marriage_n as_o not_o be_v after_o proclamation_n in_o the_o church_n or_o by_o a_o person_n have_v power_n to_o marry_v by_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n or_o statute_n of_o the_o country_n but_o that_o be_v only_o understand_v as_o unlawful_a marriage_n in_o this_o case_n which_o material_o be_v unjust_a and_o inconsistent_a where_o marriage_n can_v not_o have_v subsist_v albeit_o it_o have_v be_v orderly_o perform_v as_o be_v by_o person_n in_o degree_n prohibit_v by_o divine_a law_n or_o where_o either_o party_n have_v another_o lawful_a spouse_n then_o live_v and_o undivorced_a yea_o marriage_n betwixt_o the_o adulterer_n and_o the_o adulteress_n after_o this_o solution_n of_o the_o former_a marriage_n do_v not_o infer_v bastardrie_n of_o the_o child_n of_o the_o subsequent_a marriage_n though_o it_o may_v debarr_v they_o from_o succession_n the_o presumption_n that_o the_o child_n bear_v in_o marriage_n be_v the_o husband_n require_v such_o time_n as_o they_o may_v have_v be_v lawful_o procreate_v when_o both_o party_n be_v free_a and_o unmarried_a which_o if_o it_o be_v 9_o month_n before_o the_o birth_n it_o be_v sufficient_a but_o if_o less_o the_o presumption_n will_v not_o suffice_v unless_o it_o appear_v the_o child_n be_v unrype_a and_o bear_v before_o the_o time_n otherwise_o the_o child_n will_v be_v presume_v to_o be_v the_o former_a husband_n this_o be_v presumptio_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o admit_v contrary_a probation_n as_o first_o if_o the_o father_n be_v absent_a or_o impotent_a the_o time_n that_o the_o conception_n can_v be_v which_o absence_n be_v not_o necessary_o beyond_o sea_n as_o the_o english_a require_v the_o father_n absence_n and_o therefore_o if_o he_o be_v within_o the_o four_o sea_n during_o the_o time_n the_o birth_n be_v in_o the_o womb_n this_o presumption_n prevail_v against_o his_o absence_n with_o they_o but_o with_o we_o it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a that_o his_o absence_n be_v special_a and_o circumstantiat_fw-la that_o there_o remain_v no_o doubt_n that_o he_o can_v not_o have_v be_v present_a as_o if_o the_o father_n be_v in_o prison_n or_o at_o very_o great_a distance_n so_o that_o a_o short_a time_n may_v not_o suffice_v he_o to_o be_v present_a this_o presumption_n will_v also_o be_v take_v off_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o both_o parent_n agree_v that_o the_o child_n belong_v to_o another_o father_n and_o so_o be_v a_o bastard_n but_o the_o testimony_n of_o either_o of_o they_o will_v not_o suffice_v as_o craig_n relate_v of_o a_o lady_n that_o have_v controversy_n with_o her_o son_n she_o be_v accustom_v to_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v a_o bastard_n and_o of_o a_o queen_n relate_v by_o the_o doctor_n who_o name_n they_o forbear_v who_o at_o the_o time_n of_o her_o death_n declare_v to_o her_o son_n that_o he_o be_v not_o the_o king_n son_n yet_o he_o be_v receive_v as_o king_n in_o his_o father_n place_n it_o have_v be_v more_o frequent_o see_v that_o the_o father_n have_v disow_v the_o child_n bear_v of_o his_o wife_n which_o though_o it_o may_v infer_v suspicion_n and_o reproach_n yet_o not_o bastardrie_n unless_o the_o mother_n also_o of_o consent_n or_o by_o process_n be_v make_v to_o acknowledge_v it_o it_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o eleid_v the_o foresay_a presumption_n though_o the_o wife_n adultery_n shall_v be_v prove_v yea_o though_o at_o a_o time_n answer_v to_o the_o time_n of_o conception_n though_o it_o have_v a_o ordinary_a course_n of_o 9_o month_n yet_o have_v have_v such_o variation_n that_o the_o child_n have_v be_v account_v belong_v to_o the_o father_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o marriag_n though_o it_o precede_v the_o birth_n of_o the_o child_n only_o by_o the_o space_n of_o 8_o 7_o or_o the_o begin_n of_o 6._o month_n especial_o if_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o physician_n immaturity_n of_o the_o child_n concur_v yea_o this_o presumption_n will_v attribute_n the_o child_n to_o the_o father_n though_o the_o child_n be_v bear_v 9_o 10_o or_o 11._o month_n after_o the_o father_n death_n but_o in_o these_o case_n the_o probability_n of_o the_o circumstance_n may_v make_v the_o mother_n testimony_n alone_o sufficient_a to_o instruct_v the_o bastardy_n of_o the_o child_n neither_o be_v marriage_n here_o account_v by_o the_o solemnisation_n thereof_o in_o the_o church_n which_o in_o some_o place_n be_v ordinary_o without_o that_o and_o though_o with_o we_o it_o be_v a_o requisite_a solemnity_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o of_o the_o be_v of_o marriage_n and_o therefore_o cohabitation_n as_o man_n and_o wife_n supply_v the_o solemnity_n of_o public_a marriage_n which_o be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d act_n and_o have_v no_o record_n can_v seldom_o be_v prove_v yea_o though_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o both_o party_n or_o otherwise_o that_o there_o be_v never_o a_o formal_a marriage_n if_o the_o party_n be_v capable_a of_o marriage_n cohabitation_n will_v supply_v for_o after_o contract_n or_o promise_v of_o marriage_n or_o sponsalia_fw-la if_o copulation_n follow_v there_o be_v thence_o presume_v a_o matrimonial_a consent_n de_fw-fr presenti_fw-la which_o therefore_o can_v be_v pass_v from_o by_o either_o or_o both_o party_n as_o have_v the_o essential_a requisit_n of_o marriage_n if_o diligence_n be_v use_v for_o perform_v that_o
and_o measure_n whereof_o the_o law_n do_v determine_v so_o that_o if_o the_o child_n be_v pass_v by_o in_o silence_n and_o neither_o institute_n nor_o exhaeridat_n the_o law_n declare_v the_o testament_n void_a and_o if_o they_o be_v exhaeridat_n without_o a_o due_a and_o true_a offence_n it_o do_v allow_v the_o child_n querelam_fw-la inofficiosi_fw-la testamenti_fw-la that_o be_v complaint_n against_o the_o testament_n make_v contra_fw-la officium_fw-la which_o be_v the_o natural_a obligation_n or_o duty_n of_o parent_n to_o provide_v their_o child_n for_o the_o like_a reason_n the_o same_o complaint_n be_v competent_a to_o the_o father_n against_o the_o testament_n of_o their_o child_n but_o because_o that_o remeid_v may_v have_v be_v eleided_a by_o exhaust_v the_o heritage_n by_o legacy_n whereby_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o child_n may_v prove_v ineffectual_a for_o their_o provision_n therefore_o the_o law_n allow_v child_n a_o legittime_n portion_n be_v the_o sourth_fw-mi part_n of_o the_o heritage_n which_o that_o it_o may_v extend_v to_o all_o heir_n falcidius_n be_v the_o author_n of_o that_o noble_a law_n restrain_v legacy_n so_o that_o there_o may_v remain_v a_o portion_n to_o the_o defunct_n heir_n which_o law_n and_o portion_n in_o honour_n of_o his_o name_n be_v call_v the_o falcidian_a law_n and_o portio_fw-la falcidia_fw-la whereby_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o free_a good_n of_o the_o testator_n remain_v always_o secure_a against_o legacy_n and_o when_o a_o new_a subtlety_n be_v invent_v to_o frustrate_v the_o falcidian_a law_n by_o take_v away_o the_o heritage_n not_o direct_o by_o legacy_n but_o indirect_o by_o trust_n or_o fidei-comisses_a trebellianus_n procure_v that_o ordinance_n of_o the_o senate_n call_v senatus-consultum_fw-la trebellianum_fw-la whereby_o that_o portion_n call_v also_o trebelliarica_fw-la shall_v remain_v safe_a against_o fideicommissarie_n trust_n and_o though_o it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n that_o if_o the_o defunct_a express_o prohibit_v the_o heir_n to_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o falcidia_fw-la or_o trebellianica_fw-la they_o will_v be_v thereby_o exclude_v yet_o the_o common_a opinion_n be_v that_o it_o can_v be_v extend_v to_o child_n as_o to_o their_o legittime_n who_o the_o law_n have_v full_o secure_v either_o by_o ordain_v they_o to_o be_v institute_v heir_n in_o whole_a or_o at_o least_o in_o a_o four_o part_n which_o be_v their_o natural_a or_o legittime_o portion_n and_o if_o they_o be_v institute_n in_o less_o they_o have_v right_o to_o the_o supplement_n of_o their_o legittime_n portion_n or_o otherwise_o they_o must_v be_v express_o and_o just_o exheredat_fw-la and_o they_o have_v the_o common_a benefit_n of_o other_o heir_n of_o their_o falcidia_n or_o trebellian_n which_o the_o testator_n can_v frustrate_v with_o out_o express_a prohibition_n 16._o if_o there_o be_v no_o lawful_a testament_n by_o thelaw_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n and_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o praetorian_a or_o imperial_a law_n be_v only_o call_v the_o law_n or_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o succession_n of_o defunct_a fall_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o the_o defunct_n child_n or_o near_a descendants_n without_o distinction_n of_o any_o lawful_a child_n though_o adopt_a or_o posthumus_n or_o though_o of_o diverse_a lawful_a marriage_n whether_o male_a or_o female_a so_o that_o they_o remain_v in_o the_o defunct_n family_n and_o in_o his_o paternal_a power_n for_o these_o who_o be_v emancipat_v and_o demit_v from_o the_o family_n and_o from_o under_o the_o paternal_a power_n they_o be_v either_o real_o or_o presumptive_o provide_v and_o so_o have_v no_o share_n of_o the_o succession_n of_o this_o paternal_a power_n and_o emancipation_n see_v before_o tit._n obligation_n of_o parent_n these_o in_o the_o family_n be_v call_v haredes_n svi_fw-la &_o necessarij_fw-la because_o they_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la heir_n without_o solemnity_n or_o entry_n among_o these_o the_o right_a of_o representation_n have_v place_n so_o that_o for_o example_n the_o grand_a child_n succeed_v with_o thechildren_n but_o not_o equal_o et_fw-la per_fw-la capita_fw-la but_o per_fw-la stirpes_fw-la for_o thegrand_n child_n have_v but_o the_o share_n of_o their_o defunct_a parent_n equal_o among_o they_o and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o descendants_n be_v in_o the_o family_n the_o praetor_n do_v in_o a_o part_n alter_v this_o and_o bring_v in_o the_o child_n or_o issue_n emancipat_v with_o those_o in_o the_o family_n without_o distinction_n provide_v the_o emancipat_v bring_v in_o their_o good_n and_o adject_v the_o same_o to_o the_o inheritance_n per_fw-la collationem_fw-la bonorum_fw-la yet_o because_o only_o the_o law_n that_o be_v the_o ancient_a law_n can_v make_v heir_n the_o emancipat_v be_v not_o call_v heir_n but_o bonorum_fw-la possessores_fw-la the_o praetorian_a law_n do_v also_o take_v off_o the_o necessity_n and_o damage_n of_o the_o succession_n that_o none_o may_v be_v necessitate_v to_o be_v heir_n yea_o all_o heir_n have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o inventar_n be_v timeouslyand_n du_o make_v beyond_o which_o they_o be_v not_o liable_a for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n 17._o the_o next_o degree_n of_o succession_n by_o the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n be_v fail_v descendants_n in_o the_o family_n the_o near_a agnat_n of_o the_o same_o degree_n succeed_v but_o there_o be_v no_o succession_n ofparent_n nor_o of_o cognat_n relate_v by_o the_o mother_n side_n here_o mother_n comprehend_v grandmother_n and_o all_o other_o ascendentsof_n that_o kind_a so_o the_o next_o degree_n be_v of_o brethren_n and_o sister_n etc._n etc._n 18._o the_o praetorian_a law_n do_v also_o emendat_fw-la this_o and_o first_o bring_v in_o the_o father_n with_o the_o brother_n and_o sistersgerman_n or_o of_o both_o blood_n and_o thereafter_o the_o tertullian_n senatus-consult_a faill_v the_o father_n bring_v in_o the_o mother_n with_o the_o sister_n in_o their_o share_n but_o not_o with_o the_o brother_n german_n who_o if_o there_o be_v no_o sister_n german_a exclude_v their_o mother_n total_o and_o if_o for_o example_n there_o be_v a_o brother_n german_n and_o a_o sister_n german_n the_o father_n be_v dead_a the_o brother_n have_v the_o half_a and_o the_o sister_n half_a be_v divide_v equal_o betwixt_o she_o and_o her_o mother_n and_o so_o the_o mother_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o father_n father_n and_o to_o the_o defunct_n brethren_n and_o sister_n of_o one_o blood_n faill_v those_o of_o this_o degree_n the_o brother_n and_o sister_n by_o the_o father_n side_n and_o these_o failling_a the_o near_a degree_n of_o agnat_n in_o which_o the_o parity_n of_o reason_n infer_v that_o as_o in_o brother_n and_o sister_n so_o in_o other_o collaterall_n these_o of_o both_o blood_n make_v a_o near_a degree_n than_o these_o of_o one_o blood_n faill_v all_o these_o the_o praetorian_a law_n admit_v spouse_n to_o be_v heir_n each_o to_o other_o the_o husband_n to_o the_o wife_n and_o the_o wife_n to_o the_o husband_n and_o last_o the_o fisk_n take_v place_n as_o last_o heir_n 19_o but_o the._n emperor_n justinian_n by_o the_o novel_a constitution_n 118._o cap._n 4._o take_v off_o all_o distinction_n of_o agnat_n and_o cognat_n and_o bring_v in_o the_o mother_n equal_o with_o the_o father_n with_o what_o reason_n or_o approbation_n we_o have_v touch_v before_o this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o succession_n by_o the_o roman_a law_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d oveable_n or_o immovables_n and_o which_o take_v up_o no_o small_a part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o law_n and_o write_n of_o the_o lawyer_n wherein_o to_o insist_v particular_o will_v raise_v a_o great_a bulk_n unnecessar_n for_o our_o purpose_n whereunto_o we_o conceive_v this_o summarie_n may_v suffice_v but_o while_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o law_n be_v trample_v down_o by_o the_o northern_a nation_n the_o feudal_n law_n arise_v and_o do_v yet_o continue_v with_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o nation_n by_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a distinction_n introduce_v in_o the_o succession_n in_o movable_n and_o in_o land_n or_o immovables_n which_o be_v now_o of_o a_o feudal_a nature_n we_o shall_v therefore_o go_v on_o to_o the_o common_a feudal_n custom_n 20._o the_o feudal_n custom_n be_v local_a and_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o find_v a_o common_a rule_n therein_o for_o succession_n which_o be_v variable_a according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o place_n only_o if_o we_o call_v to_o mind_v what_o be_v former_o say_v title_n infeftment_n of_o the_o distinction_n of_o ancient_n and_o proper_a fee_n and_o of_o decline_a and_o improper_a fee_n the_o nature_n of_o proper_a fee_n will_v hold_v forth_o the_o matter_n of_o succession_n therein_o for_o a_o proper_a fee_n be_v free_o grant_v by_o the_o superior_a to_o his_o vassal_n for_o military_a service_n the_o vassal_n person_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o superior_a and_o a_o special_a
intestat_fw-la the_o ancient_a way_n of_o test_v among_o the_o roman_n be_v either_o in_o peace_n and_o solemn_a which_o be_v do_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o people_n be_v convocat_n callatis_fw-la comitiis_fw-la or_o otherways_o by_o a_o simulat_fw-la sale_n per_fw-la aes_fw-la &_o libram_fw-la wherein_o the_o testator_n in_o presence_n of_o five_o witness_n roman_n do_v hold_v a_o balance_n and_o weigh_v money_n therein_o and_o under_o that_o form_n as_o it_o be_v sell_v his_o inheritance_n for_o the_o money_n and_o ask_v witness_n or_o otherways_o testament_n be_v make_v in_o precinctu_fw-la when_o they_o be_v stand_v in_o battle_n before_o the_o fight_n without_o other_o solemnity_n than_o three_o or_o four_o witness_n this_o be_v the_o ancient_a form_n of_o test_v the_o matter_n and_o power_n of_o test_v be_v very_o absolute_a according_a to_o equity_n concern_v which_o this_o be_v the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n uti_fw-la cuique_fw-la rei_fw-la suae_fw-la legasset_fw-la ita_fw-la jus_o esto_fw-la but_o the_o aftercourse_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n change_v both_o this_o ancient_a manner_n and_o power_n of_o test_v and_o redact_v testament_n into_o three_o kind_n solemn_a nuncupative_a and_o military_a 3._o solemn_a testament_n be_v so_o call_v because_o they_o require_v the_o most_o solemnity_n as_o first_o that_o the_o testament_n be_v in_o writ_n the_o name_n of_o the_o heir_n at_o least_o be_v write_v by_o the_o testator_n or_o one_o of_o the_o witness_n second_o there_o behove_v to_o be_v seven_o witness_n special_o require_v all_o present_a and_o subscribe_v by_o themselves_o or_o another_o and_o seal_v the_o testament_n at_o the_o foot_n thereof_o none_o of_o which_o may_v be_v woman_n pupil_n servant_n prodigal_n or_o furious_a person_n neither_o the_o heir_n himself_o or_o any_o of_o his_o domestic_n each_o subscription_n bear_v i_o titus_n etc._n etc._n be_v call_v and_o require_v to_o be_v a_o witness_n to_o this_o testament_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o schedule_n have_v subscribe_v it_o with_o my_o hand_n and_o seal_v it_o with_o such_o a_o seal_n three_o the_o testator_n also_o behove_v to_o subscribe_v thus_o i_o mevius_n etc._n etc._n declare_v this_o schedule_n to_o be_v my_o testament_n and_o i_o have_v test_a as_o be_v contain_v therein_o or_o by_o another_o if_o he_o can_v not_o write_v who_o stand_v as_o the_o eight_o witness_n four_o the_o testament_n behove_v to_o be_v make_v by_o one_o continue_a act_n without_o interruption_n of_o any_o extraneous_a act_n least_o by_o extraneous_a act_n the_o mind_n may_v be_v divert_v or_o inconsiderate_a in_o so_o solemn_a a_o act._n so_o the_o testament_n be_v close_v up_o and_o seal_v and_o if_o the_o testator_n open_v the_o testament_n it_o be_v presume_v he_o change_v his_o mind_n but_o after_o his_o death_n the_o witness_n be_v call_v together_o to_o acknowledge_v their_o seal_n and_o subscription_n at_o the_o open_n thereof_o or_o otherways_o it_o be_v open_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n before_o other_o honest_a witness_n and_o if_o any_o of_o the_o witness_n acknowledge_v not_o their_o subscription_n the_o testament_n be_v hold_v suspect_v 4._o a_o nuncupative_a testament_n be_v that_o which_o be_v by_o word_n only_o before_o seven_o witness_n qualify_v as_o aforesaid_a yet_o two_o witness_n be_v sufficient_a in_o a_o father_n testement_n among_o his_o child_n and_o a_o woman_n may_v be_v witness_n therein_o or_o in_o a_o testament_n for_o pious_a uses_n five_o witness_n do_v suffice_v where_o there_o be_v penury_n of_o witness_n 5._o a_o military_a testament_n be_v that_o which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o soldier_n in_o war_n wherein_o they_o have_v these_o privilege_n first_o when_o they_o be_v in_o procinctu_fw-la ready_a to_o join_v battle_n any_o declaration_n of_o their_o mind_n by_o word_n or_o writ_n though_o it_o be_v write_v but_o in_o the_o sand_n be_v sufficient_a it_o be_v also_o valid_a if_o make_v during_o the_o expedition_n with_o such_o solemnity_n as_o can_v be_v have_v for_o the_o time_n yet_o so_o that_o if_o the_o testator_n live_v a_o year_n in_o which_o he_o may_v make_v it_o more_o solemn_a it_o become_v void_a military_a testament_n have_v this_o further_a privilege_n that_o the_o testator_n may_v institute_v for_o a_o time_n and_o may_v institute_v in_o a_o part_n and_o so_o die_v partly_o testat_fw-la and_o partly_o intestate_a which_o be_v against_o a_o principle_n of_o their_o common_a law_n 6._o the_o ancient_a absolute_a power_n of_o test_v be_v by_o the_o subsequent_a course_n of_o law_n clear_v and_o restrain_v not_o only_o by_o the_o declaratory_a law_n find_v test_v and_o otheract_v invalide_v as_o do_v by_o furious_a person_n out_o of_o their_o lucid_a intervall_n and_o by_o idiot_n and_o by_o pupil_n who_o have_v not_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n or_o those_o make_v by_o fraud_n or_o error_n in_o the_o substantial_o or_o by_o extortion_n but_o more_o particular_o it_o be_v limit_v in_o these_o particular_n 7._o first_o filii_fw-la familiâs_fw-la person_n in_o the_o power_n and_o family_n of_o their_o father_n can_v not_o test_n upon_o their_o good_n whether_o profectitious_a from_o their_o father_n or_o adventitious_a aliunaè_n even_o though_o their_o father_n consent_v but_o only_o on_o their_o bona_fw-la castrensia_fw-la acquire_v in_o war_n or_o quasi_fw-la casirensia_fw-la as_o in_o militia_n togata_fw-la 8._o second_o captive_n with_o public_a enemy_n or_o person_n give_v in_o pledge_n to_o they_o or_o person_n condemn_v to_o capital_a punishment_n who_o good_n be_v con_v fiscat_v or_o those_o condemn_v of_o infamy_n can_v not_o test_n 9_o three_o by_o testament_n some_o person_n can_v neither_o be_v institute_n nor_o substitute_n heir_n such_o as_o the_o spurious_a child_n of_o the_o defunct_a to_o put_v a_o restraint_n upon_o such_o unlawful_a procreation_n but_o child_n beget_v on_o concubine_n while_o those_o be_v tollerat_a can_v not_o be_v institute_n or_o substitute_n these_o be_v lawful_a child_n in_o more_o than_o a_o six_o part_n of_o the_o heretage_n only_o there_o can_v be_v leave_v to_o spurious_a child_n legacy_n for_o their_o necessary_a aliment_n neither_o can_v person_n guilty_a or_o condemn_v of_o treason_n be_v institute_n or_o substitute_n heir_n 10._o four_o power_n of_o test_v be_v restrain_v in_o those_o who_o have_v lawful_a child_n who_o be_v necessitat_fw-la either_o to_o institute_v their_o child_n their_o heir_n or_o express_o to_o exheredat_fw-la or_o disheirish_v they_o express_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o do_v for_o if_o these_o institute_n other_o and_o past_a over_o their_o child_n in_o silence_n the_o testament_n be_v void_a and_o if_o they_o unjust_o exheredate_v they_o they_o have_v quaerelam_fw-la inofficiosi_fw-la testamenti_fw-la to_o annul_v the_o testament_n as_o do_v against_o the_o natural_a duty_n of_o father_n without_o just_a cause_n 11._o five_o the_o power_n of_o test_v be_v restrain_v in_o favour_n of_o lawful_a child_n that_o the_o testator_n can_v not_o by_o legacy_n or_o fidei_fw-la commissum_fw-la abate_v from_o the_o child_n their_o portion_n natural_a due_a to_o they_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n oblige_v parent_n to_o entertain_v their_o child_n which_o the_o law_n defyne_v to_o be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o inheritance_n debt_n deduce_v when_o there_o be_v few_o than_o four_o child_n a_o three_o part_n when_o four_o and_o a_o half_a when_o more_o if_o there_o be_v no_o child_n this_o legittima_n be_v due_a to_o the_o parent_n grand_a father_n and_o grand_a mother_n but_o not_o to_o brethren_n unless_o a_o base_a person_n be_v institute_v which_o portion_n natural_a the_o testator_n can_v not_o prohibit_v the_o child_n to_o withdraw_v from_o the_o heretage_n 12._o six_o the_o falcidian_a law_n do_v restrain_v legacy_n that_o they_o may_v not_o exceed_v three_o four_o part_n of_o the_o inheritance_n so_o that_o there_o behove_v to_o remain_v one_o four_o part_n to_o the_o heir_n which_o therefore_o be_v call_v portio_fw-la falcidia_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o the_o legacy_n do_v exceed_v three_o quarter_n of_o the_o free_a inheritance_n debt_n be_v deduce_v they_o be_v abate_v proportional_o that_o the_o falcidia_n may_v remain_v to_o the_o heir_n 13._o this_o portio_fw-la falcidia_fw-la differ_v from_o the_o natural_a portion_n in_o this_o that_o the_o testator_n can_v not_o prohibit_v the_o heir_n to_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o portion_n natural_a but_o he_o can_v effectual_o prohibit_v the_o heir_n to_o take_v his_o falcidia_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o the_o falcidia_n be_v introduce_v to_o the_o effect_n that_o the_o will_n of_o the_o defunct_n may_v be_v execute_v which_o can_v not_o be_v if_o the_o legacy_n leave_v nothing_o to_o the_o heir_n considerable_a but_o trouble_v as_o ofttimes_o it_o fall_v out_o so_o that_o this_o be_v a_o remedy_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o testator_n to_o make_v his_o will_n