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A71161 The history of all religions in the world, from the creation down to this present time in two parts : the first containing their theory, and the other relating to their practices ... : to which is added, a table of heresies : as also a geographical map, shewing in what countrey each religion is practised ... / by William Turner ... Turner, William, 1653-1701. 1695 (1695) Wing T3347; ESTC R6111 329,028 716

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and was helpful to others in repeating them c. Though his Father often and earnestly endeavoured to divert him yet when a Boy he was unmoveable in his desires to be a Minister Clark's Lives Arch-Bishop Vsher at ten Years old found himself wrought upon by a Sermon on Rom. 12.1 I beseech you Brethren by the Mercies of God c. About the same time he was moved to a more conscientious observation of the Lord's Day by reading some Notes taken from Mr. Perkins's Works then also he read Augustine's Meditations with frequent weeping Idem D. Bern. King Edw. VI took Notes of such things he heard in Sermons which more nearly related to himself Hist of Reform Queen Elizabeth wrote a good hand before she was four Years old and understood Italian Dr. Burnet Ibid. Mrs. Marg. Corbet Daughter of Sir Nathanael Brent Warden of Merton College when about 14 Years of Age wrote Sermons with dexterity and left many Volumes of such Notes writ with her own hand Clark Mrs. Elizabeth Wilkinson was from her Childhood very docile took much pains in writing Sermons and collecting special Notes out of Practical Divines When I was about 12 Years old saith she in a Narrative written with her own hand upon reading in the Practice of Piety concerning the happy Estate of the Godly and the miserable condition of the wicked in their Death and so for ever unto all Eternity it pleased the Lord so to affect my heart as from that time I was wrought over to a desire to walk in the ways of God Sir Tho. More never offended his Father nor was ever offended by him Olympia Fulvia Morata an Italian born at Ferrara bred at Court there with the Young Princess the Duke's Daughter of a singular Spirit for Learning could both Write and speak Elegant Latine and Greek in her very young years c. Anon. Mahometans The poor Hindoes though they have not above five Shillings a Moon for their Labour yet will impart at least half that little to their Parents when in want Anon. The Great Mogul though he esteemed the whole World as his Vassals would sometimes be one to help to carry his Mother in a Palankee upon his Shoulders Idem Persians Parentes non honorantes brevis aevi sunt Sir Tho. Herb. out of Homer Amongst the Ancient Persians Children from the fifth Year of their Age to the twentieth used little other exercise saith Herodotus than to ride the Horse Shoot and speak Truth Sir Thomas Herbert Chinese The Chinese marry not without their Parents consent leave their Childrens Names to them honour them be they never so mean relieve them be they never so poor at their death express all symptoms possible of Duty in white Linnen mourn seldom less than two or three Years Mahometans It is observed That the Children of Mahometans have a particular Tenderness to them that brought them into the World nay it is sometimes so great that they will rather starve themselves than suffer their Parents to want Mandel Trav. p. 61. Persia In Persia the Children go to School betimes Persons of Quality have Tutors at home so that they stir not abroad till 18 unless a Hunting c. And therefore are very modest Tavern Good Husbands Jews AMongst the Ancient Hebrews we find Abraham to Sarah Isaac to Rebecca Jacob to Rachel discharging well the Duties of Husbands to their respective Wives that which looks most like a blemish in these Examples and of others that lived after them in the Jewish Oeconomy is their marrying of many Wives a Point very obscure yet connived at and seemingly permitted for the time and continued still in use among the Jews and accounted as one of their chief Privileges For they believe That a Man may take as many Wives as he can find with Meat Drink Cloaths and the right of the Bed But because Polygamy is clog'd with inconveniencies which an ordinary Eye may fore-see consequent upon it they are not now a-days very fond of the Practice Christians In Venice the Wives are bred to so much Ignorance and they converse so little that they know nothing but the dull Superstition on Holy-days in which they stay in the Churches as long as they can and so prolong the little liberty they have of going abroad on those days as Children do their Hours of Play They are not employed in their Domestick Affairs and generally they understand no sort of Work so that I was told that they were they insipidest Creatures imaginable they are perhaps as vicious as in other places but it is in them down-right lewdness without any preamble or preparative down-right heastliness The Italians by their excessive caution want the true delights of a Married State Dr. Burnet's Letters Ancient Heathens Socrates is recorded to hear with much Patience not only other cross accidents in his Life Affronts Reproaches Injuries but also the perverseness of his Wife Xantippe her railing Words abusive Behaviour throwing the Chamber-pot upon his Head over-throwing the Table when he had invited his Philosophical Guests to Feast with him insomuch that she herself gave this Testimony of him That she never saw him change Countenance for any thing that befel him but used still codem incedere vultu to go out and return home with the same evenness of Spirit and pleasantness of Face Heathens In the Moluccaes they have Officers who at break of Day go about the Town and with the beat of a Drum awake the People and exhort the Masters of Families to remember their Matrimonial Duties Mandel Trav. p. 130. Moluques What is mention'd before about the Office of beating a Drum every Morning at break of Day I find observed by another Traveller with only this addition That they account it their publick Interest that the Inhabitants should multiply Pac. broke open Vol. 2. Good Wives Jews THE Rabbins have taught the Jews in Barbary against the time of Child-birth to draw Circles in the Chamber of the Woman with Child and on the Doors within and without and Walls and about the Bed inscribing every Circle with Adam Chava Chutz Lilis i. e. Adam Eve Begone Lilis Lilis was as they say Adam's first Wife but disobedient and undutiful and therefore was upon her speaking the Most Holy Name rapt up out of his sight into the Air and tho afterwards pursued by three Angels who overtook her at the Red Sea she refused to return pleading That she was created in the same manner as Adam was and therefore she would not be Subject but that she was to destroy the Male-Children for eight Days after the Birth and Females for Twenty The Angels finding in her a shrewd resistance dismiss'd her on this condition That she should spare those Infants where she saw their Names written And to this Time the Jews use to write the three Angels Names in a Table or Parchment Senei Sanfenoi Saumangeloph and to hang them for Amulets about the Children's Necks The meaning of Adam Eve
nor any writ by such as they call Hereticks Bells in all Monasteries The Kaloirs here commonly of good simple godly Lives Greeks out of F. Simon 1. The Church-men accused of Simony 2. They observe not the age required for Episcopacy and Priesthood 3. They take several Orders at one time 4. He is commonly chosen Patriarch that gives most to the Grand Seignior Besides the Patriarch buys the Voices of the Bishops that Elect him The Patriarch makes himself amends when he makes Bishops and they again when they make a Papas selling Orders and Cures and they again the poor people 5. Monks abstain strictly from Flesh tho engaged by no Vow but Custom They sleep not above 4 hours some but two They go to prayers in the Church thrice a day 1. Some Monks called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who eat in the same Refectory use the same Exercise have nothing singular in their Habit yet some are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who profess a more perfect way of living many in number Others are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who lead not so perfect a Life 2. Some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who live as themselves please 1. They buy a Cell and necessaries for a Monastery 2. The Yeoman of the Cell provides Bread and Wine 3. They betake to business are bound to no duty 4. At Death they leave all to their companion 3. Some Anchorites who cannot work nor discharge the duties of the Monastery yet have a mind to live in Solitude and these 1. Buy a Cell with a piece of Land c. 2. Go to the Monastery only on Holy-days having no hours appointed them for Prayer 3. Some with leave of the Abbot leave the Monastery and retire for Meditation and Prayer the Monastery sending them once a Month provisions to live upon 4. Some hire a Vine-yard near the Cell and feed on the Grapes Some on Cherries on Beans some Transcribe Books 6. Nuns They 1. Are of S. Basil's Order under an Abbess 2. As strict as the Monks in Fasting Praying c. 3. Their Confessor some old Vertuous Neighbour Monk who says Mass c. 4. Their Habit a Cloak of plain Woollen-Cloth Arms and Hands covered to the Fingers ends 5. Their Head shaven a several Cell and Lodging for each 6. The Rich have a Maid or young Girl which they bring up in Devotion 7. They work with their Needles make Girdles which they sell to the Turks N. B. Some say these at C. P. are Widows aged under no Vow all their customs consisting in wearing a black Veil on their Head declaring that they will Marry no more living commonly at home minding their Huswifery Children c. having more Liberty than before 5. Confession Confession is enjoyn'd 4 times a year to persons of leisure Once a month to the Priests and Religious Once a year to labouring people viz. before their Great Lent To sick people as an ease for spiritual Diseases Repentance is defin'd a sorrow of heart for sin of which a man accuseth himself before a Priest with a firm Resolution to correct the Errors of his past Life by that which is to come and with intention to perform what shall be enjoyn'd him by his Pastor for his Penance Their Argument for Confession The Priest cannot release unless he know what to release Their Penances are Prayers extraordinary Alms Fastings Visiting Holy Places c. The Priest exhorts thus Behold the Angel of the Lord is at hand to take thy Confession see that thou conceal no sin for fear of shame for I also am a man and sinner as thou art To Penitents guilty of mortal sin is administred the Sacrament of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the Oyl of Prayer done by the Bp. and 7 Priests by pure Oil and Prayer viz. The Priest dips some Cotton on the End of a stick anoints the Penitents in form of a Cross on the Forehead Chin each Cheek Back and Palms of the Hands and then recites a Prayer The same with the Papists Eztream Vnction 6. Marriage is forbidden after the burial of the Third Husband or Wife because say they it comes under the Notion of Polygamy Divorces are easily granted and the man allowed to take another Wife and perhaps afterward recalled and the man enjoyned to re-assume his former Wife About C.P. and Smyrna and great Cities in imitation of the Turks in Retirement and suffer them not to be seen by the Bridegroom till unveil'd after they are married The Islander Greeks of the Archipelago dancing promiscuously men and women together often make Protestations of Marriages together and then break them which if they do the Old Mothers by Witchcraft 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 tie the man from marrying with any other till an agreement be made In Romania or Ramali the Turks have frequently married with Greek women Christians till 1672 when the Patriarch of C. P. complain'd to the Mufti and put a stop to it The Priest marries them with a Ring they have also a Godfather and Godmother who present themselves before the Papa's and hold a Garland of flowers interlaced with Orpine over the heads of the couple pray turn round drink together c. break the glass saying so may the Bridegroom break the Virginity of the Bride M. de Thevenot Muscovites 1. Eight Days after the Child is born he is brought to the Church-Porch where the Priest receives the Child 2. Tells the Witnesses their Duties namely To teach him how to know God and Christ c. 3. After some Prayer plungeth the Child three times over head and ears in a tub of warm Water holding it necessary that every part of the Child be dipped using these Words In the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost N. They hold all to be damned that die without Baptism They Re-baptize Apostates The Duke of Holstein's Ambassador faith 1. The Child is cross'd on the Fore-head 2. Blessed thus The Lord preserve thy coming in and going out 3. Nine Wax-Candles are lighted cross the Font which is in the middle of the Church 4. The God-fathers are Incensed and the Water Consecrated 5. A Procession is made about the Font three times 6. The Child is Named the God-fathers interrogated the Devil exorcised and the Child baptized See more in the Second Book Georgians 1. A Priest reads many Prayers over the Child going on to the end without Baptizing the Child 2. After reading the Child is stript and the God-father Baptizeth the Child without saying any other Words than what was said by the Priest 3. With Baptism they also administer to Children Consumation And the Eucharist 4. The Priest alone is accounted the true Minister of Baptism without him 't is null If the Child dieth before Baptism the Mother's Baptism is sufficient to save the Child 5. They are not very pressing to receive Baptism 6. They Re-baptize such as return after Apostasie F. Simon M. Tavernier saith Virgins brought up in Nunneries to study after some time