darkness without the Sun so the life of man is not vital or a living life without love And. 15. It is the best of Vertues Irenaeus calleth love l. 4. c. 63. Eminentissimum charismatum the most eminent of all the gifts of God Geminianus saith As gold excelleth all other mettals so love excelleth all other virtues whether theological or moral God is love what is then more precious He who dwelleth in love dwelleth in God what is more secure and God in him what is more delectable As the whole life of the body proceedeth from the soul so the whole dignity and worth of all external vertues proceed from the internal but especially from Love 16. Love is constant and perpetual Prov. 17.17 17. The nature of Love is to communicate and impart the secrets of our hearts to those whom we love Judg. 16.15 To conclude this question concerning the Nature and Excellency of Love and Charity Love in adversity is patient in prosperity temperate in passions strong in good works quick in temptations secure in hospitality bountiful amongst her true children joyful amongst her false friends forbearing Love in the midst of injuries is secure in heart bountiful in displeasures meek in concealing evils innocent in truth quiet at others misfortunes sad in vertues joyful Love in adversity fainteth not because it is patient and revengeth not injuries because it is bountiful Qu. 22. Whether is desire or love stronger Answ Love is stronger then desire because quiet and rest in the end or in the enjoyment of the good willed or wished is more and greater then the motion to the end for the motion to the end is not but for the quiet in the end and Propter quod unumquodque est tale id ipsum est magis tale he who loves the master for his childs sake doth love the child more then the master Because this Maxime or Axiom is often made use of I will therefore shew how it is to be understood viz. that four conditions be kept carefully in memory for the truth thereof I. That the praedicate or attribute be common both to the cause and to the effect and therefore it follows not Men are drunk for wine therefore wine is more drunk II. That the praedicate or attribute be capable of Magis and Minus more and less therefore it follows not The son is a man for the father therefore the father is the more man III. That the attribute be divers in number both in cause and effect wherefore it follows not Man sees for the eye therefore the eye sees more then man or Man is learned for man therefore the mind of man is more learned then man IV. That the attribute do agree with the effect by a dependance from the cause insomuch as if it be not in the cause it will not be in the effect wherefore it follâ—ws not The schollar is learned for his master therefore the master is more learned and the greater schollar Qu â—3 Whether is Love or Hatred stronger Answ Love because love is of that which is good hatred of that which is evil and good is stronger then evil because evil acts not but under the notion or in the power of good or something which seems to be such yea hatred comes from some kind of love Qu. 24. Whether is Dilectio or Amor stronger Answ Because we want words in our English Tongue to express these two I must be forced to answer the question thus Amor dilectione fortior ista enim in judicio solo ille in appetitu Qu. 25. Whether is Love or Knowledge better Answ Love is more excellent then Knowledge I. Because knowledge cannot effect that good and evil which love doth effect II. Because to love is of more worth then to know III. Because we enjoy God more by love then by knowledge And IV. Because we depend more upon God by love then by knowledge Qu. 26. What things do men love sometimes which they should not love at all Answ 1. Some love preheminence over their brethren 3 John 9. and highest places Mat. 23.6 Mark 12.38 And 2. Some negligence in those places wherein God hath set them Isa 56.10 3. Some idolatry and idols Isa 57.8 Jer. 3.1.8.2 Ezek. 16.37 4. Some love cursing Psalm 109.12 And 5. Some adultery and whoredom Prov. 7.18 And 6. Some transgression and strife Prov. 17.19 7. Some evil more then good Psalm 52. 8. Some lying more then truth Psal 52 5. Apoc. 22.15 9. Some love bribery Isa 1.23 Hosea 4.18 9.1 10. Some cruel and crafty words Psalm 52.4 11. Some pleasure more then God 2. Tim. 3.4 12. Some oppression Hosea 12.7 13. Some to have the Prophets prophesie falsely Jer. 5.31 14. Some love vanity Psalm 4.2 and 15. Some simplicity and folly Prov. 1.22 16. Some sleepiness and idleness Prov. 20.13 17. Some pleasure and wine Prov. 21.17 18. Some to wander Jer. 14.10 19. Some darkness more then light John 3.19 And 20. Some hypocrisie Mat. 6.5 21. Some perjury Zach. 8.17 and 22. Some love the world and the things therein Mat. 6.24 Eccles 5.10 1 John 2.15 Now the reasons why we should not love the world are I. Because the love thereof cannot satisfie our souls or the desires of our hearts Eccles 5.10 II. Because it hinders us from loving of God 1 John 2.15 16. III. Because it makes us the enemies of God Mat. 6.24 James 4.4 IV. Because it makes men apostatize from Christ 2 Tim. 4.10 V. Because it is the root of all evil 1 Tim. 6.10 Qu. 27. What do men love which they may as a natural or moral duty Answ 1. Some love some sort of meat Genes 27.4 And 2. Some long life Psalm 34.12 1 Pet. 3.10 And 3. Some hospitality Tit. 1.8 Qu. 28. What is required of us in regard of those things which naturally we do and may love Answ Not to love them inordinately that is I. Not to love fathers mothers husbands wives or children more then Christ Matth. 10.37 II. Not to love our lives more then Christ John 12.25 Apoc. 12.11 Qu. 29. What things do men love which they ought to love as a Theological duty Answ 1. Heavenly things that is both spiritual graces which come down from heaven and heavenly glory which abides in heaven Colos 3.1 2. 2. The statutes commandments and word of God Psalm 119.119 127 140 167. 3. The appearing of the Lord in his second coming 2 Tim. 4.8 4. The house of God 1 Chron. 29.3 5. Every thing which is good Amos 5.15 Galat. 4.18 6. Instruction and knowledge Prov. 12.1 7. Their own souls Prov. 19.8 8. Purity of heart Prov. 22.11 9. Truth and peace Zach. 8.19 10. Wisdom Prov. 4.6.8.17.29.3 Now we must love wisdom for these reasons I. Because then Wisdom will love us Prov. 8.17 II. Because then we shall be blessed in outward things Prov. 8.21 III. Because otherwise we love death Prov. 8.36 Qu. 30. Whom do not wicked men love Answ 1. Not the Lord Iob
21.14 2. Not the righteous Iohn 15.16 3. Not those who rebuke them Prov. 15.12 Qu 31. Whom do men love which they should not Answ 1. Some love their enemies more then their friends 2 Sam. 19.6 2. Some inordinately love themselves 2 Tim. 3.2 3. Some love women lustfully whom they will not marry lawfully 2 Sam. 13.4 although this marriage had not been truly lawful 4. Some love those whom God hath forbidden them to love 1 Kings 11.2 2 Chron. 19.2 5. Some love strangers i e. idolaters Ierem. 2.25 Qu. 32. Whom do men love which they may out of a natural or with a moral love Answ 1. Some love strangers Deuter. 10.18 19. 2. Some love those who are under their charge 2 Cor. 7.3 Phil. 4.1 3. Some love their neighbours and acquaintance 1 Kings 5.1 4. Some men love their wives 1 Sam. 1.5 Hest 2 17. Prov. 5.19 Ephes 4.26 Colos 3.19 Note here two things viz. First why husbands must love their wives viz. I. Because wives should be as dear unto their husbands as the Church is unto Christ Ephes 5.25 II. Because in loving their wives they love themselves Ephes 5.28 c. Secondly observe how conjugal love is encreased viz. by bearing of children as Genes 29.32 whence they are called Pignora amoris the pledges of love 5. Some wives love their husbands Titus 2.4 6. Some parents love their children Gen. 22.2 44.20 and do truly shew their love by chastizing of them betimes Prov. 13.24 7. Some children love their parents Note here what is required of children in regard of their love unto their parents or their parents love unto them viz. I. It is required of them not to love their parents above or more then Christ Matth. 10.37 And II. Not to hate any of their fathers children because their fathers loves them more Gen. 37.4 And III. To love wisdom that so they may rejoyce their Parents Prov. 29.3 8. Some Magistrates love their people Agesilaus was fined by the Ephories because he had stoln away the hearts and won the love of all the Citizens to himself 9. Some subjects love their Rulers and this is of no small moment or consequence seeing as the French say L'amour des subjects est la ferme colomne d'un Prince The love of the subjects is the strongest pillar of a Prince 10. Some brothers love one another and some brothers love their sisters and some sisters their brethren A Persian woman being asked why she had rather save the life of her brother then of her own son answered Because I may well have more children but never more brothers seeing my father and mother are dead 11. Some masters love their servants and some servants their masters 12 Some Schoolmasters love their schollars and some schollars their School-masters Qu. 33. Whom do some love which they ought to love as a Theological duty or Whom ought we to Love Answ 1. We ought to love God the Father Deut. 11.1 Psalm 91.14 Rom. 5.5 and 2. God the Son Cant. 1.7.7.12 John 21.15 16. 1 Pet 1.8 and 3. God the Holy Ghost Rom. 15.30 4. The Church of Christ Isaiah 66.10 And men 5. Their enemies Exod. 23.4 1 Sam. 24.5 7. 26.5 30.11 and 6. Kings should love those who speak truth and right Prov. 16.13 and who are pure in heart Prov. 22.11 and 7. Ministers should love their flocks 2 Cor. 7.3 15.9.14.12.14 15. Philip. 1.7 8. 1 Thes 2.7 And 8. People must love their Pastors Gal. 4.14 15. 1 Thess 5.13 And 9. We must love the children of God 1 Pet. 1.22.2.17 that is I. All good men or all faithful ones in general 2 Cor. 7.15 Tit. 1.8 1 Sam. 18.1.20.17 18 22. Ephes 1.15 Col. 2.2 1 Iohn 4.7 and II. Those who have been converted unto God by us Phil. 12. III. Those in whom we see the sparks of grace shine and shew forth themselves 1 Sam. 2.26.18.5 Qu. 34. VVhat rules are worth observation in regard of Love Answ 1. As there must be in every triangle three lines whereof the first beginneth the second encreaseth and the third concludeth or perfecteth the Figure and without any of these lines there can be no Triangle so in Love there are three vertues I. Affection which draweth the heart II. Action and expression which encreaseth the hope III. Constancy which finisheth the work and without any of these vertues there can be no love Answ 2. Ovid de arte amandi gives three rules not much differing from the former Principio quod amare velis reperire labora Proximus huic labor est placidam exorare puellam Tertius ut longo tempore duret amor First find out one whom dearly thou canst love Then with entreaties seek thy love to move Lastly see constant thou in love do prove I. Make God and good the object of our love II. Labour to be good and by all diligent service and industrious endeavour to be assured of Gods love towards us in Christ And III. To be constant and immoveable in our love to God and good Qu. 35. How long doth true love last Answ Till death yea ater death Some Painters of old did draw on the borders of Cupids Robe Life and Death to shew that love remains both in life and after death God hath ordained that we who love shall have an end and that or those whom we love shall have an end and therefore our love must then and not till then have an end when both we and our friends are dead Vne parfaite amour dure eternellement say the French A perfect love doth last eternally and Le neud que l'amour joinct la mort ne peut deffaire the knot that love doth knit death cannot untie Scipio Affricanus esteemed so much the Poet Ennius alive that being dead he caused his picture to be set before his eyes as a memorial of his great love Plutar. When Cyrus went to overcome Babylon and was hindred by the river Euphrates a Knight whom the King entirely loved venturing into the water was drowned whereupon the King made a vow that he would make that great river passable on foot and accordingly parted it into 460 channels and so took the City For the most part that love which lasteth after death is begun betimes whence one saith Wouldst thou have love last even unto the tomb Then let it take beginning at the womb Qu. â—6 How many way doth Love cease Answ 1. Sometimes naturally when men dye Eccles 9.6 2. Sometimes impiously and enviously when men cease to love those who are become good whom they loved when they were evil 1 Pet. 4.4 3. Sometimes piously and religiously when men cast off the familiarity and acquaintance of Apostates and those who become wicked and enemies to the Church although they were intimate and familiar with them when they were professors and seemed outwardly religious 2 Tim. 3.5 Heb. 10 38. 1 John 2 19. Qu. 37. What or where is the Seat of Love Answ Love hath three
fortune but by the adversity of time Jacob Almansor King of the Moors going one day on hunting found by chance a poor travelling man who being taken with some sudden sickness was fallen on the ground which he seeing alighted set him upon his horse and with one hand led the horse and with the other upheld him and when his Alcaydes came unto him he refused to ride on another Steed or to let any other conduct him until he had brought him home and then gave him a great sum of money that he might live in good fashion afterwards for which the poor man thanking him when he was recovered he answered there belongs no thanks to me but to God onely who brought me to that place where you was Thus in misery and distress our love to our brother is chiefly to be manifested Qu. 21. What is the Nature and Excellency of Love Answ 1. It is of that nature that many waters cannot quench it Cant. 8.7 and 2. â—t is of that nature that the more it is expressed the more it is enflamed For as fire suppressed doth often flame forth with more violence so doth Love according to the French Proverb Vne amour par contraire est plus chaude rendue Love doth encrease when it is withstood it is like fire which the more it is dammed up the more it burns or like the water which being stopped overflows all and bears all before it 3. Love makes men couragious Castillo in his Courtier lib. 3. thinks and affirms that an Army of Lovers were invincible except by another Army in love and he instanceth in Troy and in Ferdinand and Isabel of Spain in their war against the King of Granada that all notable exploits performed in battel hath still been by Lovers Leander being in love with Hero the fair Sestian Nun ventured for her love to swim over Hellespont but was drowned therein One asking Why Cupid is pictured with wings was answered Because the desires of lovers for the most part tend to high things 4. Love thinks a great deal of labour and pains taken and undergone for the party beloved to be easie and as nothing Gen. 29.20 5. Love descends as appeared by Pythius Bythinius a Persian who feasted all Xerxes Army and gave him four hundred Miriads of gold and onely because of five sons he had Xerxes would leave one of them at home to comfort him in his old age We ordinarily do say Love doth descend more then ascend whence we see that one father doth with less labour and trouble maintain ten children then ten children can one father A certain man and his son being both condemned to dye for a hainous offence the Earl of Flanders promised to save his life who would cut off the others head which after much debate was done by the son Among the Ancients it was a common proverb That the taste of all tastes is bread the savour of savous is salt and the greatest love of all loves is from the fathers to the children 6. Love is of that nature that all is well taken that comes from love Si diligis fac quicquid vis si tacueris dilectione tace si locutus fueris dilectione loquere si precaris dilectione precare c. Aug. in Joh. 1. epist If thou lovest do what thou wilt speak or be silent exhort or rebuke call or cry so it be in love all is well 7. Love is strong as death Cant. 8.6 Reward hath an attractive and punishment an impulsive but love hath a compulsive faculty reward draws punishment drives but love hales a man forward to the discharge of his duty and therefore if God write a Law of Love in our hearts and shed abroad his own love to joyn therewith it will work so strongly that one grain thereof will have more force to purge out sin and to constrain and strengthen to obedience then a whole pound of terrors Chrysostome saith Love iâ— a pleasing tyrant the power whereof is above all power and reigns over all impediments in heaven and earth prevailing both with God and man As men allure Doves by the beauty of the house and reclaim Hawks by the fairness of the lure so love joyned with virtue is able to recal the most stragling Aeneas to make sails again to Carthage As there is no cloth so fine but Moaths will eat it no iron so hard but rust will fret it no wood so sound but worms will putrifie it no mettal so course but fire will purifie it so there is neither man nor woman so resolute or constant but love will bring them into thraldom and bondage 8. Love will shew it self As bashful Suiters seeing strangers by Parly in silence with their hand or eye The French say to this purpose Vne parfaite amour ne se peut desguiser A perfect love cannot be disguised for as fire cannot be hidden in the flax without smoak nor Musk in the bosom without smell so neither can love be hidden in the breast without some suspicion or manifestation 9. It is free or there is no affection freer then love for as there is nothing more forcible so nothing that can be less forced Marcus Aurelius in his oration to Fulvius the Senator saith There is never true love where there is any particular interest and if so then love is free and then no wonder if love be so rare every one as the Dutch say having their back-door or by end and self-respects in whatsoever they do 10. Love desires love again the party loving desires to be beloved as Hellen saith to Paris Bella gerant alii tu Pari semper ama Whilst others follow Mars do thou follow Venus Pythagoras saith Love is not satisfied with gold but onely payed with love again Hence Sophocles being asked What harm he would wish to his enemy answered That he might love where he was not liked and that such misfortune might last long There is no herb will make lovers sleep but hearts-ease and there is no hearts-ease vvhere love is not mutual and reciprocal 11. It is the cause of all action and motion Parisius saith Omnis animae motus radix est amor Love is the root and principal of all the motions of the soul Quodlibet agens propter amorem agit quodcunque agit Aquin. Every vvise and free agent doth for love vvhatsoever he doth 12. Love is Lord of all Love of old vvas pictured vvith flowers in the one hand and a fish in the other to shevv that he is Lord both of Sea and Land And 13. It is svveet profitable and comfortable Love is like honey in bitter broth and sugar in sour vvine It is a rule to direct us a light to shevv us and a vvay to vvalk unto salvation and therefore full of profit comfort and sweetness 14. Love is the preserver of mankind for as a ship would perish without a Pilot as a City is in danger without a Magistrate as the world is nothing but
heart towards others declaring it in words behaviour and duties convenient and requisite Or It is the work of the Spirit in our hearts whereby we are moved to wish well and to do good unto our neighbours to the utmost of our power when they stand in need of our help in the name of God and Christ or according to Aristotle it may be defined thus To love our neighbour is to will all that which in our judgement we esteem good unto him and to the uttermost of our power to procure it for and unto him Qu. 108. Why must we Love our neighbour or brethren or be charitably affected towards them Answ The reasons hereof are many whereof the first is taken from God I. Because we are so commanded by him from the beginning 2 John 5 II. Because God takes notice of it Apoc. 2.10 III. Because this lesson is taught us by God 1 Thes 4.9 IV. Because Love is of God 1 John 4.7 V. Because God our Father hath Loved us 1 John 4 11. VI. Because we provoke God to leave us if we will not love our brother Memorable to this purpose is that story which is recorded of Nicephorus Metaphrast in Niceph. Mer. who being brought to the place where he was to receive the Crown of Martyrdom and seeing Sapritius between whom and him there had before some bitternesses and enmity broke forth fall down before him and beg a Pardon and reconcilement was so much elated with this glory of Martyrdom and his heart did so rise against him for former injuries that uncharitably he disdained to admit of any reconciliation In punishment of which uncharitableness he lost his whole hope and victory for the Spirit of God forsook him and he apostated from the faith so that it appears that Love and Charity is justly esteemed the form of Martyrdom The second reason is taken from Christ First Because Christ hath commanded it John 13.34 Secondly Because Christ hath Loved us Eph. 5.2 Thirdly Because Love to the brethren is the chiefest office of a Christian or of him who by covenant is engaged to the profession and service of Christ for I. This is a note of a disciple of Christ as follows afterwards II. It is a sign of the Lords paternal Love unto us III. It is a sign that we Love God 1 John 4.10 IV. It is a sign that we are sensible of our communion and concorporation with the faithful V. Because we are a people separated and set apart for the service of God and therefore must Love our brethren either in or for God VI. Because we are hated of the world and therefore had need do that which is acceptable unto God VII Because we are united unto Christ and therefore we should be one in Love with all his The third reason is taken from the excellency of Love because Love is the fulfilling of the Law and the end of the Commandments Rom. 13.7 8. Gal. 5.14 1 Tim. 1.5 The fourth is taken from others because thereby we shall give a good example unto them 1 Tim 4.12 2. Tim. 3 10. The fifth is taken from our brethren themselves because this is the principal debt we owe unto them Romans 13.8 The last reason is taken A signo and that both Negatively or Privately and Affirmatively First Negatively if we do note Love our brethren it argues these things I. That we yet abide in death 1 John 3.14 II. That we do not love God 1 John 4.20 21. III. That iniquity abounds in us when love waxeth cold Math. 24.12 IV. That we know not God 1 John 4.8 And V. That we are not of â—od 1 John 3.10 Secondly Affirmatively if we do truly love our brethren then I. It will be an argument unto us that God dwelleth in us and that his Love is perfected in us 1 John 4.12 And II. That we are the Disciples of Christ John 13.35 III. That we are of the truth 1 John 3.18 19. IV. That we are heirs of salvation not of perd tion 1 John 3.14 And V. That we are born of God and know him 1 John 4.7 Qu. 1â—9 Why do men Love men Answ 1. Some love men for their Poetry Thus Sciâ—io Affricanus loved Ennius and Augustus the Emperour Virgâ—l 2. Some love men for their Oratory thus Pomponius Atticus loved Tully thinking himself happy when either he was in his sight or his books in his bosom 3. Some love men for their skill in painting engraving carving c. Thus Alexander loved Apelles and Lysippus forbidding all to draw his picture save Apelles and to cut it in brass except Lysippus Curtius 4. Some love men for their careful tuition of them and diligence in their good education thus Alexander loved Aristotle many Schollars their Masters and many good hearers their Ministers 5. Some love men for their former care love and kindness unto them Valerius servant to Panopion hearing that certain souldiers were come unto the City of Rheatina of purpoose to kill his master he changed apparel with his master and conveyed him away suffering himself to be slain in his masters bed for the great love he bare him his master having formerly used him more like a son then a slave 6. Some love men for their grace and goodness or because they see as it were the image of God in their face thus men love the Lords faithful ones as such 7. Some Love men for their strength courage magnanimity and resolution thus Alexander crowned the tomb of Achilles and Hephestion that of Patroclus for their valour 8. Some love men for revenge and cruelty Timon of Athens called M santhropus a hater of men loved none but only Alcibiades and him he loved and once kissed because he saw in his face the destruction of Athens Plutar. 9. Some love men for their filthy lust and lascivious life Caelius cap. 30. li. 8. reports that Bagoas the Eunuch was much endeared unto and highly beloved of Alexander the great for no othâ—r cause but that there was some brutsh and unnatural congress betwixt them Qu. 11â— How many waies do men Love others Answ An Auâ—hor which I have read answers There be five waies of loâ—ing one another whereof one is praised three dispraised and one neither prâ—ised nor dispraised I. Some love their neighbour for Gods sake and thus good men love all men II. Some love their neighbour for natural affection because he is his son brother or k nsman III. Some love their neighbour for vain-glory that they may be commended and esteemed for so doing IV. Some love their neighbour for covetousness aâ— when men flatter some and pretend a great deal of love unto them hoping to be enriched or promoted by them V. Some love for sensual lust and appetite as some men love women and some men for their bellies or gluttony and drunkenness Of these The first is spiritual therefore praise-worthy The second natural therefore deserves no praise The third fourth and fifth sensual and carnal and