Selected quad for the lemma: duty_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
duty_n	bind_v	law_n	reason_n	984	5	5.1215	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07430	The defence of peace: lately translated out of laten in to englysshe. with the kynges moste gracyous priuilege; Defensor pacis. English	Marsilius, of Padua, d. 1342?; Marshall, William, fl. 1535.; Zwingli, Ulrich, 1484-1531, attributed name.; Jean, de Jandun. aut; Curio, Valentinus, d. 1532, attributed name.; Rhenanus, Beatus, 1485-1547, attributed name.	1535 (1535)	STC 17817; ESTC S112620	399,186	289

the aforesayde opynyon whiche is as the rote of all the cuylles whiche haue ben done alredye or els hereafter shall be done afterwarde by kepynge vnder with exteryor and outwarde laboure and dylygēce the ygnoraunte or vnryghtuouse bryngers vp and deuysers and also the frowarde defenders of the same To these thynges are all men bounde whiche outher haue knowlege or be of myght and powre to withstande it whiche thynge who soeuer outher dothe not regarde or leneth it vndone they are iniuste and vnryghtuouse wytnesse Tully in the fyrst boke De officiis the. v. chapytre whan he sayd There are two kyndes of īiustyce or vnryghtuousnes the one of them which doth iniurye or wronge to other men the other of them whiche dothe not withstande dryue backe iniurye and wrōge from them to whome it is done yf they be able and of powre Beholde than that accordynge to this notable sentence of Tully not onely they be vnryghtuouse persons whiche dothe iniurye and wronge to other but they also whiche hathe knowlege and be able to forbyd and let them whiche dothe iniurye to other and dothe not prohybyte and let them for euery one of vs is bounden to do this to other by a certayne in a maner lawe naturall y t is to wyt by the dutye of frendshyp and socyete and felowshyp of man whiche lawe left I shulde wyttynglye transgresse it I myght at the leaste wyse seme to my selfe for to be vniust vnryghtuouse I suppose to put by and dryue awaye this pestylence or myschefe from my bretherne the faythfull people of chryste fyrste by lernynge and consequently by myne outwarde laboure and dylygence suche as I shall be able to do for as moche as it is gyuen to me from aboue as me thynke I perceyue vndoubtelye to knowe the sophysme subtyltye therof powre to open it vnto the whiche sophysme or deceytefull cautell the peruerse and croked opynyon and perauenture also the peruerse affeccion vnyted thereunto of certayne bysshoppes of Rome heretofore and at this presēt tyme also beynge and theyr cōplyces whiche is theyr mother and cause of all the aforesayde slaunders and hurtes haue lyued and trusted hetherto and contynuallye laboureth to be sustayned or maynteyned and holden vp by the same ¶ Thus endeth the fyrste boke ¶ The seconde dyccyon or parte of Marsilius of Padwaye of the powre and auctoryte of the Emperoure and the Pope ¶ Of thre Impedymentes maners and wayes to contrarye saye agaynst the veryties contayned in this dyccyon of the intencyon of the thynges whiche here shall be treated of and of the maner and forme of procedynge The fyrste chapytre HOwe therfore beynge aboute to take in hande and to sette vpon so harde hyghe a thynge albeit I do not doubte that no thynge can be obiected agaynst vs whiche maye be grounded vpon the trouthe yet that natwithstandynge I do se warres and bataylles to be prepared and made redy agaynst this worke by iii. hate full and mortall enemyes of the truthe the one is the persecusyon of the vyolent and serce powre of the bysshoppes of Rome and theyr complyces for they shall endeuer them selfe and laboure all that euer they maye to destroye this worke and the publysshers and declarers of it tellynge the trouthe as beynge dyrectlye contrarye to theyr purpose of witholdynge and possessynge wrongfullye temporalles and also beynge agaynst the feruent desyre whiche they haue to haue domynyon and to bete rule from the whiche sayde purpose and desyre it shall be a harde thynge and a great maysterye to reuoke them and to call them awaye by any speche of truthe be it neuer so manyfest playne and opyn But yet I praye god that of his mercy he wyll by his grace vouchsafe to reuoke them and to abate and kepe vnder the vyolent powre of them and that his faythfull people bothe prynces and subiectes maye tame and holde vnder the same powre to the tranquyllyte and quietnes of al the whiche prynces and subiectes they are fooes and enemyes ¶ The seconde aduersary which no lesse prepareth batayle agaynst this worke is the olde enemye in a maner of euery verytye or truthe y t is to wyt the custome of herynge false lyes and gyuynge credence to the same false lyes I saye which haue bene of longe season by some preestes or bysshoppes and other theyr suffraganes sowne and roted in the sowles of very many symple chrysten people for these preestes by certayne theyr speches and also wrytynges hathe entangeled and wrapped in the sentence of god and of man with dyuers implycacyon of the actes and dedes of men as well relygyouse as laye or temporall and verye laboryouse to be explycated and declared insertynge and concludynge afterwardes thoughe vnduelye and vntruly of such wrestynge and wrythynge of sentences certayne sences or meanynges by whiche they haue brought in theyr iniuste and wrongfull domynyon and lordshyp ouer and vpon the faythfull people of chryste gyuynge credence throughe theyr owne symplycyte by certayne deceytefull and crafty argumentes of these preestes and a certayne cōmynacyon or thretenynge of euerlastynge dāpnacyon y t they are boūden by y e ordynaūce of god to y e obseruacyon of such sophystical sayēges wrytīges in which often tymes they trespasse and do amysse inferrynge a conclusyon of such thynges wherof it doth not dewelye folowe For the true meanynge of the thynges wherof the questyon and dysputacyon is made and of theyr true and symple begynnynges beynge wyped out of the myndes of men and false vnderstādynges beynge brought by lytle and lytle in to theyr myndes in the stede of them nowe the dyscernynge of bothe is hyd from very many men For this custome of herynge false and vntrue thynges in what soeuer dyscyplyne it be troubeleth and leadeth men greatlye awaye from the trouthe as Arystotle wytnesseth in his last chapytre of phylosophye By reason of the whiche sayd custome the readers and hearers of this boke also shall greatly be troubled and letted in the begynnynge cheyfely suche as shall be vnskylled in phylosophye and vnexercysed in holye scryptures from the perceruynge and vnderstandynge and also perfyte beleuynge of the verytyes in this boke contayned ¶ The thyrde last hatefull and noysome enemye of the trouthe shall be a great impedyment and lettynge to this doctryne also and that is the enuye of them also whiche albeit they shall beleue that we haue sayde and spoken the troutheyet that natwithstādynge because they shall perceyue an other man to haue ben the declarer and setter forthe of this trewe sentence afore them selues they beynge mouyd therunto by the moste wycked spyryte of brennynge enuye shal set them selues as aduersaryes agaynst the same declarer outher tearynge hym with the secrete and preuye to the of backebytynge and detraccyon or elles with the clamorouse barkynge of presumpcyon ¶ But I wyll leue or cease from my purpose neyther for feare or drede of the vyolente powre of

moste of all other that sence vnto whiche the bysshop of Rome hathe laste translated the aforesayd oracyon that is to wyt ascrybynge by it vnto hym selfe vnyuersall or hyghest iurysdyccyon coactyue whiche vnder a metaphorye of wordes he calleth the temporall swerde vpon all prynces cōmunytyes and peoples of the worlde albeit that he dothe nowe expresse this tytle onely agaynst the emperoure of the Romaynes as we haue sayde and haue shewed also for what causes but in tyme to come he shall expresse the same tytle agaynst all the resydue of prynces whan he shall perceyue and se sedycyon to be in theyr realmes and shal se also that hymselfe hathe vyolent powre to vsurpe and to occupye or wynne them So than the fulnes of powre throughe cowardenes beynge permytted vnto the bysshoppes of Rome they haue hytherto vsed aboute cyuyle actes and contynuallye do vse and shall vse in tyme to come worse and worse yf they be not stopped or letted for they haue made certayne olygarchycall lawes by whiche they haue exempted the colledge or companye of clarkes and certayne other maryed men from y e cyuyle lawes duelye gyuen or made to y e most hygh preiudyce of prynces and peoples And yet not contentyd to kepe them with in these bondes they do nowe cause laye men to be cyted and called afore theyr offycyalls or iudges as they are called and wyll there punysshe them vtterlye destroynge the iurysdyccyon of the prynces or gouernours And this is the syngulare cause of stryfe and cyuyle dyscorde and verye secrete in the begynnynge of it whiche we purposed euen from the begynnynge to shewe and declare For many chrysten men beynge deceyued and begyled throughe the darkenes mynglynge togyther of the scryptures of god and of the scryptures of men haue ben induced and brought in mynde to beleue y t the bysshop of Rome with his clarkes whom they do call cardynalles maye make statutes decrees vpon chrysten men what soeuer he and they luste and that all men are bounde by the lawe of god to obserue the same and that the transgressours of them ben boūden vnto eternall dampnacyon whiche thynge we haue shewed of suertie heretofore neyther to be true nor yet nere to the truthe but manyfestly contrarye to the truthe This agayne is the cause as we sayd in our prolouge or entresse wherby the kyngdome of Italye hathe ben of longe season combred vexed or dyseased and is cōtynually vexed and this contagyon is nowe no lesse redy to crepe in to other cyuylyties and realmes yea and hathe somwhat all redy infected them all and in conclusyon yf it be not stopped or letted shall infecte them vtterlye as it hathe enfected the empyre of Italye wherfore it is expedyent vnto all prynces and peoples by a generall counsayle to be called togyther to interdycte and vtterlye prohybyte the bysshoppe of Rome or any other bysshoppe to haue or vse this tytle leaste throughe custome of hearynge false doctrynes from hensforthe the people be seduced and begyled And the powre is to be reuoked from hym of gyuynge and dystrybutynge ecclesiasticall offyces and temporalles or benefyces and that because this bysshoppe of Rome abuseth them to the hurte of the bodyes and to the dampnacyon of the soules of faythfull chrystened men And this to do all y t haue iurysdyccyon chefelye kynges are bounde by the lawe of god For herefore they are constytuted ordayned to do iudgement iustyce which thynge yf they be neclygēt do not regarde to do from hensforth they are in excusable in asmoch as they do knowe the hurte y t groweth of suche omyssion forbearynge or rather neclygence And let hym whiche is bysshop of Rome with his successours in the aforesayde seate and all other preestes and deacons and spyrytual mynystres to whome I speake these wordes not as to enemyes I cal god to wytnesse agaynst my body and soule but rather as vnto my fathers and brethren in Chryste let them I say studye and inforce them selues to folowe chryste and the apostles renounsynge vtterlye and puttynge awaye seculare empyres and domynyons of temporall thynges For I haue opēnlye reproued and rebuked them whiche do synne in the syght of all men accordynge to the doctryne of chryste and of the apostle and I beynge the cōmune herolde of truthe haue gone aboute by the deuyne humayne scrypturꝭ to reduce and brynge them agayne vnto the pathe or waye of the truth that they and namelye the bysshop of Rome whiche semeth to haue gone moste largelye out of the waye maye auoyde that indygnacyon of all myghtye god of the apostles Peter and Paule whiche he syngulerly often tymes threteneth to other men Wherfore let hym regarde the ordre of charyte so that fyrste auoydynge the sayde indygnacyon hym selfe consequentlye he do teache other to auoyde the same For he is not ignorant or at the lest wyse shall not from hensforth be ignorant that besyde and without the cōmaundement of god yea cleane moreouer agaynst the precepte or counsayle of chryste and of the apostles he setteth vpon the empyre and vniustly letteth and troubleth the emperour Agayne he is not ignorant y t throughe the slaunder or occasyon reysed by certayne of his predecessours and hym selfe in Italie many batayles haue sprōge by reason wherof so many thousandes of chrysten men haue ben slayne by vyolent deathe whom it may be presumed of lykelyhode to be eternally dampned for asmoche as very many of them haue ben preuentyd with deathe beynge full of hatred and euyll wyll towarde theyr brethren And they that are lefte alyue of the same sorte are wretches abydynge the same or very lyke ieopardous chaunce and myserable ende excepte the helpynge hande of god be theyr succoure or leche for hatred hath entred in to y e myndes of them with stryfe and contentacyon wherof afterwardes fyghtꝭ and batayles do folowe And moreouer also honest maners and dyscyplynes beynge corrupted in a maner all kyndes of vyces wantonnes myschefes and errours haue vtterlye possessyd and occupyed the myndes and the bodyes bothe of men women The successyon of theyr chyldren is cut away theyr substance or goodes are consumed theyr houses are plucked in sondre and destroyed great famouse cyties are emptie and destytute of theyr inbabytaūce the feldes vntylled no we beynge deserte are dyswonted and haue ceased to gyue theyr wont fruytes And whiche is the thynge most to be bewayled and sorowed the true deuyne seruyce and honourynge of god hath ceased in the same place beynge in a maner vtterly dystroyed and put away and the churches or temples haue remayned as desertes or wyldernesse beynge destitute of preachers vnto all whiche sayde myserable pyteous thynges the wretched inhabytaūtes blynded in mynde through hatred and dyscorde amōge them selues one to an other haue ben prouoked and prycked and cōtynually are prycked and prouoked by that great dragon the olde serpent whiche ought and maye be worthy

of the kyngdome of heuen and what soeuer thynge thou shalte bynde vpon erthe it shal also be boūden in heuen what soeuer thynge thou shalt louse vpon y e earthe it shal also be loused in heuens For of those wordes certayne bysshoppes of Rome haue chalenged taken to them selues the auctoryte of hyghest iurysdiccion aforesayd For by y e keyes graūted to saynt Peter by christ they wyl to be vnderstanded y e fulnes of powre of al worldly gouernaunce rule to be gyuen vnto them selues whiche fulnes of powre as chryste had in cōparyson of all kynges prynces and rulers euen so he graunted it say they to saynt Peter and his successours in y e epyscopall see of Rome as y e vycars of chryste in this worlde ¶ The secōde texte of scrypture to this purpose is takē of y e wordꝭ of christ ī y e. xi chapytre of Mathewe whan he sayde al thynges are gyuen to me of my father And agayne in the. xxiii of the same euangelyste whan he sayde all powre is gyuen to me in heuen and in erthe seynge than that saynt Peter and his successours in the epyscopallsee of Rome haue ben and be the vycars and deputyes of chryste as they saye it appereth that all powre of fulnes of auctoryte is gyuen to the same and consequentlye the auctorytie of all maner iurysdyccyon ¶ The thyrde texte or auctoryte to the mayntenaunce of the same is taken of y e viii of Mathewe and the. v. of Marke where it is sayde and the deuylles prayed hym y t is to wyt chryste sayenge yf thou canste or dryue vs forth sende vs in to y e flocke of hogges and he sayde to them go you and they goynge forth of the man wente in to the hogges and lo sodaynely all the hole flocke wente hedlonge in to the see were deade in the waters of the which wordes it appereth that chryst dyd dyspose and ordre temporall thynges as beynge all his owne for els he had done amysse in dystroyenge the flocke of hogges But it is abomynable to saye that chryste hath synned or done amysse whose flesshe neuer sawe corrupcyon For as moche than as saynte Peter with his successours bysshoppes of Rome be and hathe ben the cheyfe vycars or deputyes of chryste as certayne men sayth they maye dyspose of all temporall thynges as beynge iudges in the. iii. sygnyfycacyon and hathe full powre and domynyon of them euen lykewyse as chryste selfe had Agayne the same is shewed by that whiche is had in the. xxi of Mathewe in the. xi of Marke and in the. xix of Luke where it is sayd in this wyse ¶ Than sente Iesus ii dyscyples sayenge to them go you in to the castell which is ouer agaynst you and forthwith you shall fynde an asse bounden and her foole with her or the colte tayed to the asse vpon the whiche neuer any man had sytte yet as it is red in Marke and Luke louse them and brynge them to me of the which wordes the same conclusyon maye be inferred and by the same maner of argumentacyon whiche was inferred of the auctoryte of scrypture īmedyatly here afore rehersed ¶ Moreouer the same thynge is reasoned of the. xxii of Luke where it is red in this maner Lo here be ii swerdes sayd the apostles makynge answere to chryst But he answered it is suffycyent or ynoughe By the whiche wordes after the interpretacyon of some men ought to be vnderstande the. ii powers or auctorites of this present worlde the one ecclesya stycall or spyrytuall the other temporall or seculer Seynge than that chryst dyrectynge his speche to the apostles dyd saye it is suffycyent that is to saye it is ynoughe for you to haue the. ii swerdes by these wordes he appereth to haue sygnyfyed that bothe the swerdes ought to appertayne belonge to the auctoryte of them namely of saynt Peter as beynge the pryncypall and cheyfest of them for yf he had not ben wyllynge that the temporall swerde shulde belonge to them he ought to haue sayde it is to moche and more than ynoughe ¶ Agayne the same thynge semeth to be beleued by that whiche is had in the. xxi of Iohn̄ where chryste speakynge to Peter sayde fede my shepe fede my lambes fede my shepe rehersynge one sentence thre tymes as we haue here broughte in Of y e which some men gather this sence y t saynt Peter his successours bysshoppes of Rome ought without any excepcyon to be gouernours rulers ouer all the saythful shepe of chryste that is to wytte chrysten men and amonge these specyallye and most of all ouer preestes and deacons ¶ Yea and moreouer this appereth openlye to be the sentēce and mynde of saynt Paule in his vi chapytre of the fyrste epystle to the Corynthyans whan he sayde Do you not knowe that we shall iudge aungels howe moche more than seculer thynges Hereof it appereth that y e iudgemētes accordynge to his thyrde sygnyfycacyon of seculer thynges dothe appertayne to preestes or bysshoppes and amonge them pryncypallye to the bysshop of Rome cheyfest of them all Agayne the apostle semeth to haue meaned the same in the. ix of the fyrste to the Corynthyans whan he sayd haue we not powre to eate c. The same agayne in the thyrde of the fyrst to the Thessalonyans In whiche wordes he semeth expresselye to intende and meane that powre was gynen to hym by god ouer and vpon temporall goodes of chrysten men and so consequentlye iurysdyccyon also of them ¶ Furthermore the same thynge is shewed of the fyrste epystle to Tymothe the. v. chapytre to whome the apostle sayde Agaynst a senyoure or preest receyue none accusacyon but vnder ii or iii. wytnesses or recordes By this than it appereth that a bysshop at the least wyse hathe iurysdyccyon ouer preestes deacons and other mynystres of the temple seynge that it belongeth to hym for to here accusacyon of them as for any probacyons of y e olde scrypture or testament which semeth to make for the conclusyon purposed or to make agaynst it we wyl not brynge in here the cause wherof we shall shewe in the. ix chapytre of this dyccyon By these foresayd auctorytes than and other lyke of the holye scrypture and suche maner interpretacyons and exposycyons of them it myght seme that the bysshop of Rome ought of dutye to haue hyghest auctoryte and iurysdyccyon of all No we consequentlye after these thynges it is conuenyent to brynge in certayne as it were polytyke or cyuyle argumentes and reasons whiche perauenture myght cause to some men a phantasye byleue of the aforesayde cōclusyon ¶ Of the whiche lette this be the fyrste Lykewyse as the body is to the soule in the same maner is the ruler of bodyes to the gouernour of soules but the body is vnder the soule as a subiecte to his gouernoure wherfore it foloweth that the ruler of