Selected quad for the lemma: duty_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
duty_n	bind_v	law_n	nature_n	1,568	5	5.4669	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A86390	The libertie of the subject against the pretended power of impositions. Maintained by an argument in Parliament an[o]. 7[o]. Jacobi Regis. / By William Hakevvil of Lincolns Inne Esq.	Hakewill, William, 1574-1655.	1641 (1641)	Wing H210; Thomason E170_2; ESTC R9193	77,405	152

magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n be_v call_v old_a and_o ancicient_a duty_n this_o be_v vectigal_a patrimoniale_a of_o which_o sort_n i_o can_v produce_v many_o other_o all_o which_o have_v like_o certainty_n nay_o there_o be_v one_o duty_n well_o know_v to_o we_o all_o which_o the_o common-law_n give_v to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v in_o his_o nature_n a_o custom_n our_o very_a case_n in_o which_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v to_o a_o certainty_n which_o he_o can_v exceed_v and_o that_o be_v prisage_n a_o duty_n give_v by_o the_o common-law_n to_o the_o king_n upon_o every_o shipload_v of_o wine_n bring_v into_o the_o kingdom_n by_o english_a merchant_n and_o be_v one_o tun_n of_o wine_n before_o the_o mast_n and_o another_o behind_o i_o be_o unwilling_a to_o trouble_v you_o with_o any_o more_o particular_n of_o this_o kind_n but_o let_v any_o man_n show_v i_o one_o particular_a to_o the_o contrary_a and_o i_o will_v then_o yield_v that_o my_o position_n be_v false_a in_o one_o may_v be_v in_o more_o but_o till_o my_o position_n have_v be_v in_o this_o point_n infringe_v this_o general_a concordance_n of_o the_o law_n in_o all_o these_o particular_n be_v argument_n enough_o for_o i_o without_o have_v aleadge_v other_o reason_n to_o conclude_v that_o custom_n be_v as_o all_o these_o be_v a_o revenue_n due_a to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o common-law_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o property_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o subject_a be_v as_o all_o these_o be_v limit_v and_o bound_v by_o the_o common-law_n to_o a_o certainty_n which_o the_o king_n have_v not_o power_n to_o increase_v vbi_fw-la eadem_fw-la ratio_fw-la eadem_fw-la lex_fw-la it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v here_o object_v that_o the_o aid_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n upon_o the_o knight_n of_o his_o elder_a son_n or_o marriage_n of_o his_o elder_a daughter_n be_v by_o the_o common-law_n uncertain_a and_o that_o the_o king_n do_v take_v more_o or_o less_o at_o his_o pleasure_n until_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o contrary_a by_o statute_n to_o this_o i_o make_v divers_a answer_n though_o it_o be_v indeed_o a_o sum_n uncertain_a yet_o the_o common-law_n do_v in_o some_o sort_n give_v it_o a_o limitation_n for_o it_o be_v by_o a_o special_a name_n call_v reasonable_a aid_n so_o as_o if_o the_o sum_n demand_v do_v exceed_v reason_n it_o become_v from_o a_o reasonable_a aid_n a_o unjust_a exaction_n beside_o this_o revenue_n be_v a_o thing_n happen_v very_o rare_o and_o therefore_o the_o certainty_n thereof_o not_o so_o much_o regard_v by_o the_o law_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v how_o the_o frame_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n can_v not_o long_o endure_v incertainty_n even_o in_o this_o casual_a revenue_n but_o it_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o certainty_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n upon_o a_o knight_n fee_n and_o 20s._o upon_o every_o twenty_o pound_n soccageland_n by_o the_o stat._n of_o west_n 1._o cap._n 35.3_o ed._n 1._o if_o in_o this_o casual_a revenue_n they_o be_v so_o careful_a to_o be_v at_o a_o certainty_n to_o avoid_v unreasonable_a exaction_n as_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v how_o much_o more_o careful_a will_v they_o have_v be_v for_o the_o same_o cause_n to_o have_v reduce_v the_o great_a and_o annual_a revenue_n of_o the_o custom_n to_o a_o certainty_n if_o they_o have_v not_o think_v it_o to_o have_v be_v certain_a by_o the_o common-law_n or_o limit_v by_o statute-law_n before_o that_o time_n make_v but_o sir_n that_o which_o i_o rely_v upon_o for_o answer_v to_o this_o objection_n be_v this_o reasonable_a aid_n be_v and_o be_v by_o the_o common-law_n due_a as_o well_o to_o mean_a lord_n as_o to_o the_o king_n but_o mean_a lord_n be_v not_o limit_v to_o a_o certainty_n otherwise_o than_o in_o general_a that_o it_o must_v be_v reasonable_a as_o i_o have_v say_v therefore_o to_o limit_v the_o king_n any_o further_a be_v no_o reason_n and_o this_o answer_n may_v be_v give_v for_o all_o uncertain_a revenue_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n the_o like_a of_o which_o mean_a lord_n have_v of_o their_o tenant_n for_o the_o incertainty_n of_o which_o there_o may_v also_o be_v give_v especial_a reason_n because_o these_o duty_n first_o begin_v by_o special_a contract_n and_o agreement_n between_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o tenant_n and_o not_o direct_o by_o operation_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o so_o be_v certain_a and_o uncertain_a as_o they_o do_v at_o first_o agree_v and_o therefore_o you_o may_v be_v please_v to_o remember_v how_o in_o lay_v my_o position_n i_o be_v wary_a to_o say_v that_o such_o revenue_n as_o be_v due_a to_o the_o king_n as_o to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n by_o which_o i_o purposely_o exclude_v such_o revenue_n as_o be_v common_a to_o he_o with_o other_o mean_a lord_n be_v always_o certain_a i_o be_o now_o according_a to_o promise_v and_o in_o maintenance_n of_o a_o second_o part_n of_o my_o position_n to_o show_v you_o that_o where_o the_o common-law_n give_v the_o king_n a_o revenue_n not_o certain_a at_o the_o first_o that_o be_v always_o reduceable_a to_o a_o certainty_n by_o a_o legal_a course_n as_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n judge_n or_o jury_n and_o not_o at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n every_o man_n that_o by_o his_o tenure_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n and_o fail_v be_v to_o pay_v according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o his_o tenure_n a_o fine_a by_o the_o name_n of_o escuage_z this_o can_v be_v assess_v but_o in_o parliament_n upon_o forfeiture_n for_o treason_n or_o otherwise_o to_o the_o king_n though_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o certainty_n that_o the_o law_n give_v in_o give_v he_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o party_n convict_v both_o in_o good_n and_o land_n or_o in_o good_n only_o as_o the_o case_n be_v yet_o for_o reduce_v it_o to_o a_o more_o express_a certainty_n the_o law_n require_v that_o it_o be_v find_v by_o office_n wayfe_n stray_v wreck_n treasure-trove_a and_o such_o like_a be_v no_o less_o certain_a for_o the_o king_n have_v the_o thing_n themselves_o in_o kind_n fine_n for_o misdemeanour_n be_v always_o assess_v by_o the_o judge_n amercement_n in_o all_o case_n be_v to_o be_v affer_v by_o the_o country_n and_o not_o to_o be_v assess_v by_o the_o king_n though_o the_o form_n of_o the_o judgement_n be_v et_fw-la sit_fw-la in_o misecordia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o the_o king_n mercy_n pro_fw-la contemptu_fw-la predict_v nay_o though_o for_o punishment_n of_o a_o offence_n it_o be_v by_o statute-law_n enact_v that_o a_o offendor_n shall_v make_v fine_a and_o ransom_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n the_o law_n even_o in_o this_o case_n which_o be_v as_o strong_a a_o case_n as_o may_v be_v will_v not_o leave_v the_o assess_n of_o the_o fine_a to_o the_o king_n pleasure_n to_o be_v by_o he_o rate_v private_o in_o his_o chamber_n but_o it_o must_v be_v solemn_o and_o legal_o do_v in_o a_o open_a court_n of_o justice_n by_o the_o judge_n who_o in_o all_o other_o case_n be_v to_o judge_v between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n where_o the_o interest_n or_o property_n of_o the_o subject_a or_o any_o charge_n or_o burden_n upon_o they_o do_v come_v in_o question_n as_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o book_n of_o 2_o r._n 3._o foe_n 11._o insomuch_o that_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o if_o a_o statute_n be_v make_v that_o the_o king_n may_v raise_v the_o custom_n at_o his_o pleasure_n yet_o may_v it_o not_o be_v do_v as_o now_o it_o be_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n but_o by_o some_o other_o legal_a course_n of_o which_o the_o common-law_n do_v take_v notice_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o fine_a and_o ransom_n much_o less_o than_o will_v the_o common-law_n permit_v that_o it_o shall_v depend_v upon_o the_o king_n absolute_a pleasure_n there_o be_v no_o such_o statute_n in_o the_o case_n you_o have_v hear_v out_o of_o what_o ground_n i_o first_o deduce_v this_o my_o position_n that_o the_o law_n require_v certainty_n in_o matter_n of_o profit_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n you_o have_v hear_v likewise_o the_o particular_a reason_n of_o that_o position_n you_o have_v also_o hear_v what_o proof_n i_o have_v make_v by_o particular_a case_n of_o like_a nature_n to_o this_o in_o question_n and_o how_o i_o have_v apply_v they_o to_o the_o point_n and_o so_o leave_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o whole_a to_o your_o wisdom_n who_o can_v best_o discern_v whether_o the_o argument_n be_v of_o weight_n i_o proceed_v to_o my_o second_o reason_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o policy_n and_o frame_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o providence_n of_o the_o common-law_n the_o which_o as_o it_o require_v at_o the_o subject_n hand_n loyalty_n and_o obedience_n to_o their_o sovereign_n so_o do_v it_o likewise_o

one_o aid_n or_o other_o in_o parliament_n sometime_o a_o tax_n sometime_o a_o fifteen_o sometime_o a_o subsidy_n of_o tonnage_n &_o poundage_n in_o the_o eighteen_o year_n he_o be_v enforce_v to_o go_v in_o person_n into_o ireland_n to_o settle_v the_o state_n of_o that_o country_n then_o in_o rebelion_n all_o these_o trouble_v he_o have_v from_o abroad_o beside_o those_o famous_a rebellion_n here_o at_o home_n which_o afterward_o cast_v he_o out_o of_o his_o seat_n yet_o do_v he_o never_o for_o all_o this_o attempt_n to_o lay_v imposition_n though_o he_o want_v not_o about_o he_o to_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o his_o absolute_a power_n for_o edward_n strafford_n bishop_n of_o exeter_n lord_z chancellor_z of_o england_n in_o a_o sermon_n make_v to_o the_o parliament_n hold_v anno_fw-la 21._o as_o our_o chronicle_n report_v do_v public_o maintaint_v that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o any_o law_n but_o be_v of_o himself_o absolute_a &_o above_o law_n and_o that_o to_o control_v any_o of_o his_o action_n be_v a_o offence_n worthy_a of_o death_n at_o which_o parliament_n all_o that_o be_v present_a come_v arm_v for_o fear_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o parliament_n house_n itself_o be_v beset_v with_o 4000_o archer_n by_o his_o appointment_n i_o will_v speak_v no_o more_o of_o he_o then_o this_o though_o he_o be_v a_o king_n of_o a_o weak_a spirit_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o spare_v to_o practice_v upon_o his_o people_n the_o most_o grievous_a thing_n that_o be_v insomuch_o that_o he_o so_o far_o discontent_v they_o that_o they_o depose_v he_o by_o common_a consent_n in_o parliament_n the_o only_a desperate_a example_n of_o that_o kind_n that_o our_o history_n do_v afford_v or_o i_o hope_v ever_o shall_v his_o successor_n henry_n the_o four_o 4._o hen._n 4._o in_o respect_n he_o hold_v the_o crown_n by_o so_o weak_a a_o title_n have_v cause_n to_o give_v the_o people_n all_o the_o content_a he_o can_v possible_a and_o yet_o he_o be_v so_o oppress_v with_o war_n on_o all_o side_n from_o france_n and_o scotland_n but_o especial_o by_o continual_a and_o dangerous_a invasion_n make_v by_o the_o welsh_a as_o without_o the_o aid_n of_o his_o people_n for_o the_o supply_n of_o his_o treasure_n it_o have_v not_o be_v possible_a for_o he_o to_o have_v hold_v his_o crown_n on_o his_o head_n and_o therefore_o he_o press_v his_o people_n so_o far_o that_o in_o a_o parliament_n hold_v the_o five_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n they_o yield_v to_o he_o so_o great_a and_o so_o unaccustomed_a a_o tax_n as_o that_o the_o grantor_n thereof_o as_o our_o chronicler_n say_v take_v special_a order_n that_o no_o memory_n thereof_o shall_v remain_v of_o record_n only_o to_o avoid_v the_o precedent_n and_o yet_o the_o very_a next_o year_n follow_v his_o want_n be_v again_o grow_v so_o great_a as_o his_o subject_n be_v assemble_v in_o parliament_n to_o give_v he_o further_o aid_n do_v resolve_v that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o supply_v his_o want_n then_o to_o take_v from_o the_o clergy_n their_o temporal_a land_n and_o good_n and_o to_o give_v they_o all_o to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v withstand_v by_o the_o clergy_n a_o resumption_n of_o all_o the_o gift_n of_o ed._n 3._o and_o ric._n 2._o be_v propound_v at_o last_o after_o they_o have_v sit_v a_o whole_a year_n they_o give_v he_o two_o fifteenth_n at_o this_o time_n most_o of_o his_o counsel_n and_o the_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v spiritual_a man_n have_v they_o not_o now_o if_o ever_o a_o just_a occasion_n give_v they_o to_o have_v put_v the_o king_n in_o mind_n of_o his_o prerogative_n of_o lay_v imposition_n not_o only_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o have_v divert_v he_o from_o the_o harken_v to_o that_o desperate_a motion_n that_o have_v be_v make_v against_o they_o to_o all_o their_o utter_a undo_n but_o be_v they_o not_o also_o bind_v in_o duty_n and_o conscience_n in_o this_o time_n of_o so_o great_a necessity_n see_v the_o parliament_n know_v not_o otherwise_o how_o to_o supply_v the_o king_n want_n to_o have_v advise_v he_o to_o have_v make_v use_n of_o his_o lawful_a right_n of_o impose_v by_o which_o mean_n he_o may_v without_o trouble_v the_o parliament_n quick_o have_v raise_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n certain_o it_o be_v not_o because_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o any_o such_o practice_n in_o former_a time_n for_o none_o of_o they_o that_o be_v then_o of_o the_o counsel_n to_o henry_n the_o four_o but_o they_o live_v in_o ed._n 3._o time_n and_o most_o of_o they_o doubtless_o be_v in_o ed._n 3._o time_n man_n of_o age_n and_o discretion_n but_o in_o all_o likelihood_n as_o they_o know_v that_o edward_n the_o three_o do_v lay_v imposition_n so_o likewise_o they_o know_v that_o imposition_n have_v be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n in_o those_o day_n condemn_v as_o unlawful_a and_o be_v become_v hateful_a to_o the_o people_n and_o only_o for_o that_o reason_n they_o do_v forbear_v to_o advise_v the_o king_n to_o take_v that_o course_n though_o the_o necessity_n be_v never_o so_o great_a another_o prerogative_n as_o much_o concern_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o subject_a as_o this_o of_o imposition_n namely_o the_o abase_v of_o coin_n this_o king_n make_v no_o scruple_n at_o all_o to_o put_v in_o practice_n because_o he_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v lawful_a his_o son_n and_o next_o successor_n hen._n 5._o who_o by_o his_o many_o victory_n over_o the_o french_a 5._o hen._n 5._o and_o his_o noble_a disposition_n and_o behaviour_n towards_o his_o people_n be_v so_o far_o belove_v of_o they_o as_o never_o be_v king_n of_o this_o realm_n more_o though_o the_o kingdom_n be_v now_o by_o one_o degree_n of_o descent_n more_o firm_o settle_v upon_o he_o than_o it_o be_v on_o his_o father_n who_o usurp_v it_o though_o also_o his_o expense_n of_o treasure_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o great_a war_n in_o france_n be_v as_o much_o as_o any_o king_n of_o england_n ever_o be_v though_o he_o have_v trouble_n also_o from_o his_o neighbour_n the_o scot_n and_o within_o his_o own_o realm_n by_o rebellion_n and_o last_o though_o he_o spare_v not_o for_o supply_v of_o treasure_n to_o suppress_v above_o a_o 100_o priory_n of_o alien_n yet_o neither_o out_o of_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o love_n with_o the_o people_n nor_o in_o his_o extreme_a necessity_n by_o reason_n of_o these_o honourable_a war_n in_o france_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o which_o the_o people_n will_v willing_o have_v undergo_v any_o burden_n which_o he_o will_v have_v lay_v upon_o they_o especial_o after_o the_o victory_n at_o agincourt_n do_v he_o ever_o so_o much_o as_o attempt_v the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n his_o successor_n hen._n 6._o 6._o hen._n 6._o though_o indeed_o of_o a_o meek_a spirit_n yet_o he_o be_v so_o follow_v with_o trouble_n within_o the_o realm_n and_o from_o abroad_o that_o he_o be_v enforce_v to_o crave_v such_o a_o extraordinary_a aid_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o parliament_n as_o the_o levie_v thereof_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o famous_a rebellion_n of_o jack_n cade_n in_o his_o time_n beside_o in_o the_o 18_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n for_o the_o ease_n of_o his_o charge_n and_o supply_v of_o his_o want_n all_o grant_n by_o he_o make_v of_o any_o land_n rent_n annuity_n or_o fee_n whatsoever_o since_o the_o first_o day_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v resume_v and_o this_o be_v never_o yield_v to_o but_o in_o case_n of_o extreme_a necessity_n as_o for_o imposition_n notwithstanding_o his_o great_a want_n he_o think_v not_o of_o they_o edw._n 4._o 4._o edw._n 4._o that_o succeed_v he_o be_v no_o less_o free_a from_o trouble_n for_o he_o be_v as_o you_o know_v drive_v to_o forsake_v his_o kingdom_n and_o to_o live_v for_o a_o while_n like_o a_o banish_a man_n with_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n he_o be_v also_o enforce_v in_o the_o 5_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n to_o make_v a_o resumption_n and_o the_o same_o year_n to_o abase_v his_o coin_n and_o comines_n observe_v of_o he_o that_o he_o obtain_v a_o subsidy_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o parliament_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v himself_o in_o person_n undertake_v the_o war_n in_o france_n and_o that_o only_o to_o get_v the_o subsidy_n he_o pass_v the_o sea_n into_o france_n but_o present_o return_v without_o do_v any_o thing_n what_o shall_v such_o shift_n as_o these_o have_v need_v if_o he_o may_v without_o be_v behold_v to_o his_o subject_n lawful_o and_o without_o control_n have_v raise_v treasure_n by_o lay_v of_o imposition_n it_o be_v well_o worth_a the_o remember_n that_o which_o the_o same_o comines_n speak_v in_o commendation_n of_o the_o frame_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n say_v that_o this_o state_n be_v happy_a in_o that_o the_o people_n can_v be_v compel_v by_o the_o