the King and Bashaw the Lagaw is the next chief man in this City who is the first Person of the Divan or Council and General of the Armies abroad under whom are the Chenses like our Sheriffs or Justices of Peace next are the Boulgebushes like our Bailiffs who are Servants to the Divan and remain 3 years in their places going out after with the Armies as Comptrollers of the rest There are also other Bushes Captains and Officers of the Militia who wear a badg of Honour on their heads and are distinguished from the rest by their Turbant which is wound about in the form of a Sugar-loaf behind which a Redcross falls down and is a badg of their Office which others must not wear as the Red-scarf is a sign of Command among Christians In the Camp are other Great Officers as Daventees Mouchees c. An Achabasha is an experienced man among them who hath been in several Encounters and commands a Party when it is separated from the main Body He must be an old Man and when he once comes to that Employment he can rise no higher as other Officers can There are most pleasant Gardens and Orchards about Argiers and very good Corn upon the Hills near it with plenty of all things but wine which is forbidden to the Turks and Moors yet those of Argiers have not such scrupulous Consciences but that they will be drunk with wine when they take good store of Prizes Toward the East of the City is a very strong House built and some souldiers to keep Guard it being the Publick Treasury House wherein they every year cast in vast sums of Money according to their success against the Christians which they never take out so that its thought there are many Millions in that Hold When the ships come in there is alwayes something for the Treasury and a good Portion for Mahomet and those that read Prayers which is put into the hands of a Treasurer whom if they find to have converted the least part thereof to his private use he is cruelly put to death in this manner He is stript naked and at the door of the Marabut he is impaled alive that is a stake is thrust into his Fundament and driven leasurely up through his body In this manner he is raised to the top of the steeple of a Mosquet or Church where he is exposed to Publick view for three dayes and then his body is carried out of the City to be given for food to the wild beasts and his Estate sold for the benefit of the Religious men There are excellent Orders to stir them up to their Worship they are often called to Prayers that is in the Morning at twelve a Clock at four afternoon at Sunsetting at Twilight and at Midnight at all which times great numbers of all sorts reâ—ort to their Mosquetts and there in an humble manner on their Faces pray to God and Mahomet Those that are negligent in coming to Prayers are taken notice of and if formerly Christians are excluded from all hopes of Imployment and for the least offence severely Treated The Ceremonies used at Consecrating their Priests are observable The Father of the young man brings him before the Marabut or Cheif Preist who sits in the Principal Mosquette of the City with a numerous attendance to be Witnesses of his Dedication to that Service entring the place the Father holding his son on the right hand they both approach the Marabut and kiss the Hem of his Garment who ask's the Father whether he can read He answers yes and a book is immediately brought usually the Alcoran who reads a page in it If he miss not a word but read it distinctly he is then admitted and his name inrolled in the Order Then a Fellow with a sharp Knife cuts in his right Arm the Figure of an half Moon into the wound is put Gun-powder which being blown up leaves a blue Impression that nothing can take away unless the place be cut off After some Prayers for Confirmation he is obliged to swear by Mahomets Lock to observe certain Rules He is then clothed in another manner before the People and the Marabut takes him into his Armes and gives him a Kiss which sanctifies him for ever The Solemnity ends in Musick and Dancing Their Marriages Circumcisions and other Customs are not much different from the Turks Many other particulars I observed during the Happy time of my Slavery having liberty to walk up and down my business and work being only to wait upon my Lady at the time of her Devotions But after two years she departed this Life leaving me sufficient cause to Lament Another of the Kings Wives was supposed to have poysoned her because he had a greater love for her by reason of her constant Devotions than for the other About six months before her Death she was brought to bed of a Girl somewhat whiter than ordinary which the old Fool thought himself to be the Father of During her sickness she sent to her Cosens house where I lay to speak with him whom she ingaged to release me after her Burial in requital of my good Service and sent me by her Gentlewoman a considerable present in Gold which I did not possess long After her death her Cosen did not perform her request but led me to the Market where I was sold for 300 Dollars I durst not anger him for fear he should publish the Mystery which would infallibly cost me my head My next Master was a Gardiner who put me into his Orchards and there with a good Cudgel made me understand a new Trade I never knew before I endured much with him for he made me labour above my strength and often threatned to stab and kill me therefore fear of Death made me endeavour my escape I was sometimes sent for Lime for a building he had in hand near the Seashore A Vessel was lately arrived from France to redeem the Captives and lay without the Mold at what time I was on the shore it was dusky a Frenchman offered me his assistance I accepted of it and went into his Boat but was discovered before I could get off the Mold and sent back to my Master who punished me with an 100 blows on the soles of my Feet whereby I became unserviceable many days He was soon weary of my Company and sold me to the English Renegado aforesaid I expected from him a kinder entertainment but found worse he was cruel severe to me making me work night and day I often treated for my ransom but his demands were so high that I could not comply with him He abused we wretchedly about five Months and then death put an end to his Tyranny His Executors sold me again among his Goods and Chattels I fell next into the hands of an Italian Renegado who was no kinder to me than my former Masters my work was painful my Diet mean my Labour continual and my Rewards the blows
Doublet he called to the Headsman to shew him the Axe which being not presently done he said Prithee let me see it dost thou think that I am afraid of it and having it in his hands he felt along upon the edg of it and smiling spake to the Sheriff saying This is a sharp Medicine but it is a Physician for all diseases Then going to and fro upon the Scaffold on every side he prayed the company to pray to God to assist and strengthen him Being asked on which side of the block he would lay himself he replyed So the heart be right it is no matter which way the head lyeth and then praying after he had forgiven the Executioner having given him a sign when he should do his Office at two blows he lost both head and life his body never shrinking nor moving His Head was shewn on each side the Scaffold and then put into a Red Leather Bag and his wrought Velvet Gown thrown over it which was afterward conveyed away in a mourning Coach of his Ladies The large effusion of blood which proceeded from his Loins amazed the Spectators who judged that he had a stock of nature sufficient to have lived much longer though now near 80 years old He behaved himself at his death with so high and so Religious a resolution as if a Christian had acted a Roman or rather a Roman a Christian and by the Magnanimity which was then conspicuous in him he abundantly bafled their Calumnies who had accused him of Atheism Various were the resentments of his death and several Pasquils as it always happens on such occasions were scattered abroad of the gallantry of his behaviour on the Scaffold these following Verses may give a confirmation and a tast of the Poetry of those times Great heart who taught thee so to dye Death yielding thee the Victory Where took'st thou leave of Life If here How couldst thou be so far from fear But sure thou dyed'st and left'st the State Of Flesh and Blood before that fate Else what a miracle were wrought To triumph both in Flesh and Thought I saw in every stander by Pale Death Life only in thine eye Farewell Truth shall this story say We dy'd thou only liv'dst that day These Verses were found in his Bible in the Gate-house at Westminster Even such is time which takes in trust Our Youth our Joys and all we have And pays us nought but Age and dust Within the dark and silent grave When we have wandred all our wayes Shuts up the story of our dayes Yet from this grave this earth this dust The Lord shall raise me up I trust These two lines Sir Walter writ on the Snuff of a Candle the night before he suffered Cowards do fear to dye but courage stout Rather than live in snuff will be put out Thus dyed the great Sir Walter Rawleigh great sometimes in favour with Queen Elizabeth and next to Drake the great scourge and hate of the Spaniards and Gundamors Triumph who had many things to be commended in his life but none more than constancy in his death A Person of so much worth and great Interest that King James would not execute him without an Apology Authors are perplext under what Topick to place him whether of Statesman Seaman Souldier Chymist or Chronologer for in all these he did excel He could make every thing he read or heard his own and his own he could easily improve to the greatest Advantage He seemed to be born to that only which he went about so Dextrous was he in all his undertakings in Court Camp by Land and Sea with Sword and Pen. Rawleighs Life and Remains XLIV Mr. Howel in his Epistles relates the following pleasant Accident which may be not ungrateful after the former Tragical Account When the Duke of Alva was in Brussels about the beginning of the Tumults in the Netherlands he sate down before Hulst in Flanders there was a Provost Marshal in his Army who was a Favorite of his this Provost had put some to death by secret Commission from the Duke There was one Captain Bolea who was an intimate Freind of the Provosts one Evening late the Provost went to the Captains Tent accompanied with a Confessor and an Executioner as his Custom was and coming into his Presence told the Captain That he was come to execute the Dukes Commission and Martial Law upon him The Captain suddenly started up so struck with amazement that his hair seemed to stand an end asking him wherein have I offended the Duke The Provost replyed Sir I am not to expostulate the business with you but to execute my Commission therefore pray prepare your self for here 's your Ghostly Father and your Executioner The Captain hereupon fell on his knees before the Preist and having finished his Confession the Hangman was going to put the Halter about his Neck but the Provost threw it away and breaking out into a Laughter told him There was no such thing that he had done this only to try his Courage how he could bear the Terror of Death The Captain looked ghastly upon him and said Then Sir get you out of my Tent for you have done me a very ill Office The next morning Captain Bolea though a young Man about thirty had his hair all turned Gray to the admiration of all the World the Duke of Alva questioned him about it but he would confess nothing The next year the Duke was recalled and in his Journey to the Court of Spain he was to pass by Saragossa and this Captain Bolea and the Provost went along with him as his Domestick Attendants The Duke being to repose some days in Saragossa the young old Captain Bolea told him That there was a thing in that Town worthy to seen of his Excellency which was a Casa de Loco a Bedlam-House for there was not the like in Christendom Well said the Duke Go and tell the Warden I will be there to morrow in the afternoon The Captain having obtained this went to the Warden and told him the Dukes Intention and that the cheif occasion which moved him to it was because he had an unruly Provost about him who was oft-times subject to Fits of Frenzy and because he wished him well he had tried divers means to cure him but all would not do therefore he was resolved to try whether keeping him close in Bedlam for some days would do him any good The next day the Duke came with a ruffling Train of Captains after him amongst whom was the Provost very shining brave Captain Bolea told the Warden pointing to the Provost That 's the man whereupon he took him aside into a Dark Lobby where he had plac'd some of his men who muffled him in his Cloke seized upon his Sword and so hurried him down into a Dungeon The Provost lay there two nights and a day after which it happened that a Gentleman coming out of Curiosity to see the House peeped into
Queens and numerous Wives Some few Courtiers who among so many Traytors remained faithful to him attended with a doleful silence upon the Emperour and Empress who could neither speak a word nor shed a tear sorrow had taken such entire possession of their hearts Zunchin was a young Prince endowed with all the qualities that might render him amiable to his People His Royal Spouse the Empress loved him with so tender an affection that to testifie the sincerity of her Passion to him she resolved to dye either with or before him The Prince being very pensive and sollicitous how to prevent greater disgraces went together with those who accompanied him towards a little Grove at the entrance of which he stopped and then the Empress guessing at his design approached to him and giving him her last embraces she parted from that person which was the dearest to her of all things upon Earth with all the grief and sorrow that Humane Nature is capable of and then she entred all alone into the Grove and with a Cord hanged her self upon one of the Trees A dreadful spectacle which might make even those who were more sensless than the Trees lament so direful a death of so great an Empress Presently after the Emperour went and placed himself near his Wife whom he saw hanging upon a Tree having finished her Life by a death as violent as that which he had inflicted upon his Daughter Then poor Prince he asked a little Wine of one of the Lords which attended him not that he was a lover of Wine but on the contrary was the most sober and moderate in his pleasures of all the Princes which ever governed the Empire And was so chast toward women that he never frequented his Seraglio which made his Subjects call him the Chast Prince It was not therefore for the love of Wine but a little to revive and refresh his Spirits And doubtless he had need of great courage to put in Execution what he designed When the Wine was presented to him he sipped a little of it and then biting with violence one of his Fingers and squeezing out his blood he writ therewith these following words The Mandorins or Eunuchs are all Villains they have perfidiously betrayed their Prince they all deserve to be hanged and it will be a laudable Act of Justice to execute this Sentence upon them It is fit they should all suffer death that thereby they might instruct those who succeed them to serve their Prince more Loyally As for the People they are not Criminal and deserve not to be punished and therefore to use them ill will be injustice I have lost my Kingdoms which I recieved in inheritance from my Ancestors In me is finished the Royal Line which so many Kings my Progenitors continued down to me with all the Grandeur and Fame suitable to their Majestick Dignity I will therefore for ever close my eyes that I may not see this Empire descended to me thus ruined and ruled by a Tyrant I will go and deprive my self of that Life for which I can never suffer my self to be indebted to the basest and vilest of my Subjects I have not the confidence to appear before them who being born Subjects are become my Enemies and Traytors It is fit the Prince should dye since his whole State is now expiring And how can I endure to live having seen the loss and destruction of that which was dearer to me than Life The Prince after he had thus writ what his just grief dictated to him he untied his Hair and covering his face presently with his own hands he hanged himself upon a Tree near to that on which the Empress remained strangled This was the Tragical Catastrophe of this unfortunate Monarch The Emperour of China remained thus hanging on a Tree the Prince who was the Idol of his people at the very name of whom Millions of men trembled The Soveraign of above an 100 Millions of Subjects the Monarch of a Kingdom as spacious as all Europe He who counted his Souldiers by Millions and his Taxes and Tributes by hundreds of Millions Finally the Potent Emperour of the great Empire of China is hanged upon a tree and his Royal Consort the Empress upon another near him What a weighty load did the trunks of these trees support But of what weight had it need be to make the great men upon earth duly weigh what all their terrible and ambitious Grandeur is which in so few moments passes from the height of the felicities of this Life to an Abyss of misery This unhappy Monarch finished his Reign at the Age of 32 years He dyed very soon but it was his misfortune he dyed no sooner For whatever King or Emperour he be who reckons his years which have been exposed to such direful Tragedies cannot be said to have lived such a number of years but to have undergone a far greater number of miseries and calamities The Report of the Emperours death being soon spread over the City those Loyal Subjects who had hitherto resisted abandoned their resolution So that Ly presently became Master both of the City and Court taking up his quarters in the Imperial Pallace where he saw himself possessed of all the prodigious treasures of that vast State and was soon after Crowned in the Court at Pequin and Proclaimed Soveraign Emperour of China yet he enjoyed his trayterous usurpation a very short time for the Tartars reckoning all Obligations of the former League of peace made void by the death of Zunchin and all the Royal Family Soon after invaded the Empire of China and made an absolute conquest thereof forcing the Tyrant Ly to fly and hide himself in the Northern parts of the Kingdom who has not since been heard of Neither did the treacherous Eunuchs escape vengeance for they were in a little while most of them destroyed and cut off by the Tartars History of China c. FINIS Advertisements There are lately published by R. Burton four very useful pleasant and necessary books which are all sold by N. Crouch at the Bell next Kemp's Coffee-house in Exchange Ally over against the Royal Exchange in Cornhil I. ADmirable Curiosities Rarities and Wonders in England Scotland and Ireland or an account of many remarkable persons and places and likewise of the battels sieges prodigious Earthquakes tempests inundations thunders lightnings fires murders and other considerable occurrences and accidents for many hundred years past and among others The Preaching of K. Hen. 3. to the Monks at Winchester The Quo Warranto sent over Eng. by K. Edw. 1. The manner of the horrid murther of K. Edw. 2. The conspiracy at Oxford and Shrewsbury against K. Hen. 4. discovered by the D. of York and the Articles charged against the K. The battle of Bosworth and the miserable death of Crook-backt Richard The beheading of the L. Cromwel and the E. of Essex with their last Speeches The Rebellion of the Papists in Cornwal c.
consisting of Forty Thousand Housholds He was kindly received into Mexico by the affrighted King whom he caused to acknowledge himself a Vassal to Spain and to present him in the name of a Tribute with so much Treasure as amounted to an hundred and threescore thousand Castellins of Gold A quarrel growing not long after the Spaniards were driven out of the Town But Cortez aided with the whole Forces of the Tlascalans and a recruit of more Spaniards sent thither upon a design against himself he made up an Army of an hundred Thousand Indians 900 Spanish Foot 80 Horse 17 pieces of Ordinance and having with great Diligence made ready a Navy of 13 Galliots and 6000 Canoes or Boats he laid siege to Mexico by Sea and Land wherein the Admirable Courage of that King is very remarkable for having for three Moneths most valiantly defended the City and endured therein all manner of inconveniencies he was at the taking thereof unhappily delivered up alive into the hands of the Spaniards his Enemies upon condition to be used as became a King during his Imprisonment he said or did nothing but what became that Title but after the Victory the Spaniards not finding that quantity of Gold which they had promised themselves though they had left no place unsearcht to discover it they then proceeded by the most cruel and horrible Tortures to force those Prisoners they had taken to confess where they had hid it But unable to prevail this way finding the Indians hearts more strong than their Torments they thereby grew so inraged that contrary to all Law of Nations and against their solemn Vows and Promises they condemned the King himself and one of the Chiefest Princes of his Court to the Rack in the sight of each other The Prince being encompassed with hot burning Coals and being overcome with the extraordinary Torment at last turned his dying Eyes in a most lamentable manner toward his Master as if he begged his Pardon that he could endure the pain no longer The King fixing his Eyes fiercely upon him seemed to upbraid him with pusillanimity and want of Courage and with a stern and setled voice spoke thus to him What Supposest thou that I am in a cold Bath Am I at more ease than thou art Whereat the miserable Prince immediately fainted under the Torture and gave up the Ghost The King being half rosted was carried away not so much for Pity for what Compassion could enter into such Barbarous Wretches who only upon supposing to get some odd Vessel or piece of Gold would broyl a Man to death before their Eyes and not only a Man but a King and a King of such mighty Grandeur and Renown but because his undaunted Constancy baffled their inhuman Cruelties they afterward hanged him for Couragiously attemping by Arms to deliver himself from his long Captivity and miserable subjection and thus he ended his wretched life Wonderful even to Amazement was the Magnificence of the famous Cities of Cusco and Mexico and admirable the Curiosities of this King who had all the Trees Fruits Herbs Plants according to their Order and full bigness in the Garden most Artificially framed in Gold He had likewise in his Cabinet all the Living Creatures that his Countrey or his Seas produced cast in Gold besides abundance of exquisite Works in Precious Stones Feathers Cotton and Painting After a siege of three Moneths Mexico was Taken Plundered and Burnt Aug. 13. 1521. but afterward rebuilt more beautifully than before and thus fell this mighty Kingdom into the hands of the Spaniards by the Valour and good Fortune of Cortez a private Adventurer who was rewarded for that Service by Charles the fifth with many fair Estates in the Province of Mexico and dignified with the Title of Marquess de Valla. Montaigne's Essays Lib. 3. The woful deaths of the 2 Mighty Emperors of Peru Mexico by the Spaniards Page â— Atabaliba came with Twenty five Thousand unarmed Men in Ostentation of his greatness and without any design of making resistance of which this treacherous Pizarro taking the advantage picked a quarrel with him and suddenly charged upon him with his Horse and Ordnance slaying his Guard without resistance and coming neer the Kings Person who was carried upon mens Shoulders upon Rafters or Beams of Massy Gold in a Chair of State also all of Gold they killed several of the Bearers to make him fall endeavouring to take him alive but as soon as one of them fell another presently succeeded in his place so that he could never be brought down or made to fall what slaughter soever was made of these People till a Horseman furiously rid up and taking him by his Clothes pulled him down and took him Prisoner They took as much Gold with him as amounted to fourscore Thousand Castellans and as much Silver as amounted to seven Thousand Marks of his Houshold Plate every Mark weighing eight Ounces and in the soyl of Caxamala they found almost infinite Riches The wretched King they set at so excessive a ransom as exexceedeth all belief which though he truly paid and though by his Conversation he had given apparent Signs of a great and undaunted Soul and of a generous and ingenious Mind yet these insolent Conquerours having exacted from him an House piled upon all sides with Gold and Silver amounting to a Million three hundred Twenty five thousand and five Hundred pound weight in Gold besides the silver and other precious things which came to as much more so that even their Horses were shod with Massy Gold yet they Villainously and Traiterously contrived a false Accusation against him pretending that he designed to raise his Subjects against them for procuring his Liberty upon which they condemned him to be publickly hanged and strangled having first made him to be baptized as he went to Execution thereby to prevent the Torment of being burned alive wherewith they threatned him He took his Death patiently and with a Royal Gravity and undismayed Constancy without the least discomposure either in Words or Countenance The Treasures here gotten were so great that besides the fifth part which Pizarro sent to the Emperour and that which Pizarro and his Brethren kept to themselves every Footman had 7 Thousand 200 Duckets and every Horseman ' twice as much for their part of the Spoil beside what they had gotten in way of Plunder But Vengeance persued these horrid Murtherers though the Spaniards put many fair pretences upon their Actions few of the greatest undertakers going to the Grave in peace for all that were consenting or accessary to the death of this King came to wretched ends but especially his four Brethren Ferdinand Gonsal John Martin of Alâ—antara and Diego of Almagro who as they were principal in the Actions so were they in the punishment and first John Pizarro was surprized in the City of Cusco and slain by some of King Atabaliba's Souldiers then there happened such differences between Francis Pizarro and
Almagro that after they had wasted this rich Countrey of Peru and divided the Spoil among them yet they destroyed one another for Pizarro envying Almagro for being Governour of Cusco and not himself sent his Brother Ferdinand to Challenge him who was so fortunate as to take Almagro Prisoner and delivered him bound to Francis his Brother who cused him to be strangled privately in Prison and afterward publickly beheaded Ferdinand was after sent to Spain with a great Mass of Gold to clear himself of the death of Almagro yet could not so well justifie himself but that all his Treasure was seized and himself secretly made away in Prison Soon after this the kindred and Friends of Almagro whose Estate Pizarro had seized consulted with Don Diego Almagro his Son to revenge the death of his Father Twelve of them undertook the Business who coming into Francis Pizarro's house at Lima he being then Marquess and Governour of Peru they suddenbroke into it and immediately killed a Captain who guarded the entrance of the Hall and Martin of Alcantara so that he fell dead at his brother the Marquess his Feet who though he saw his men thus slain before his eyes and himself left alone in the midst of his Enemies yet he still made a stout defence till all falling upon him at once he was stabbed into the Throat and died Lastly Gonsal had his head cut off by the Emperours Command and thus finished they their wretched dayes answerable to their cruel Deserts Thus have we seen the deplorable Ends of Two of the most mighty and glorious Monarchs of this New World and peradventure of all our Western parts who were Kings over so many Kingdoms And these are the cursed Fruits of Covetousness and Ambition for which so many goodly Cities were ruined and destroyed so many Nations made desolate such infinite Millions of harmless innocent People of all Conditions Sexes and Ages wofully Massacred and Murdered and the richest fairest and best part of the World turned to a Field of Bloud And though we have the Vanity to call those Nations Barbarous who are not so wickedly knowing as our selves yet the ingenious discourse and Replies of these naked Americans shew that their Honesty Truth and Integrity have been the chief occasions of exposing them to the Slavery and Barbarity of these wicked Treacherous and Idolatrous Spanish Christians of which it may not be amiss to give the following Instance Certain Spaniards coasting along the Sea in search of Mines happened to Land in a very Fruitful Pleasant and well peopled Countrey who declaring to the Inhabitants That they were quiet and well meaning People coming from far Countreys being sent from the King of Castile the greatest King on the Habitable Earth unto whom the Pope representing God on Earth had given the Kingdoms and Dominions of all the Indies and that if they would become Tributary to him they should be kindly used and courteously dealt withal They likewise desired them to give them some Victuals to eat and some Gold wherewith to make certain Physical Experiments They also declared to them That they ought to believe in one God and to embrace the Catholick Religion adding withall some Threats thereunto The Indians having patiently heard them one of them returned this Ingenious answer That possibly they might be quiet and well meaning People though their Countenances shewed them to be otherwise And as for their King since he seemed to beg he appeared to be poor and needy And for the Pope who had made that distribution he seemed to be a man who loved mischief and dissention in going about to give that to a third man which was none of his own and so to make it questionable and raise quarrels among the ancient Possessors thereof As for Victuals they should have part of their store and for Gold they had but little and that it was a thing they very little valued as being utterly unprofitable for the service of their lives whereas all their care was to pass their time happily and pleasantly and therefore what quantity soever they should find of it except what was employed in the service of their Gods they should freely take it As touching one only God the discourse of him had very well pleased them but they were resolved by no means to change their Religion in which they had so long time lived so happily neither indeed did they use to take advice or Counsel but from their Freinds and Acquaintance As concerning their high words it was a sign of great want of Judgment to threaten those whose nature condition strength and power was utterly unknown to them And that therefore they should with all speed hasten out of their Countrey and Dominions since they were used to take in good part the kindnesses and discourses of Strangers but if they did not suddenly depart they would deal with them as they had done with some others shewing them the Heads of divers Persons lately executed sticking upon Stakes about their City Montaign's Essays Lib. 3. V. John Cabot succeeded Columbus in this Countrey who on the behalf of King Henry the seventh of England discovered all the North-East Coasts of America from the Cape of Florida in the South to New-found-land in the North causing the American Royolets or petty Kings to turn Homagers and swear Allegiance to the King and Crown of England In 1496 Sebastian Cabot his Son rigged up two Ships at the charge of the same King Henry who intended to go to the Land of Cathay and from thence to turn towards India to this purpose he aimed at a passage by the Northwest but after certain dayes he found the Land ran toward the North He followed the Continent to the 56 Degree under our Pole and there finding the Coast to turn toward the East and the Sea covered with Ice he turned back again Sailing down by the Coast of that Land towards the Equinoctial which he called Batalaos from the number of Fishes found in that Sea like Tunnies which the Inhabitants call Bacalaos Afterward he Sailed along the Coasts to 38 Degrees and Provisions failing he returned into England and was made Grand Pilot of England by King Edward the sixth with the allowance of a large Pension of 166 pound 13 shillings four pence a year Hackluits Voyages Vol. 3. VI. Sir Francis Drake was born nigh South Tavestock in Devonshire and brought up in Kent being the Son of a Minister who fled into Kent for fear of the six Bloudy Articles in the Reign of King Henry the Eighth and bound his Son to the Master of a small Bark which Traded into France and Zealand his Master dying unmarried bequeathed his Bark to him which he sold and put himself into farther Employment at first with Sir John Hawkins and afterward upon his own Account In the year 1577 Dec. 13. He with a Fleet of five Ships and Barks and 174 Men Gentlemen and Saylors began that Famous Navigation of his wherein he
liveth in the profound Abyss of the house of smoke when he shall come thither to steal away any of those bones He told us moreover That it was threescore and fourteen Thousand years since he was begotten on a Tortoise called Migoma by a Sea-horse that was an hundred and thirty fathom long who had been formerly King of the Giants of Fanius He also assured us That the Gifts which were presented to this Idol amounted to a vast sum of Money in a year besides other Revenues which was as much more He added That this Idol had ordinarily Twelve Thousand Priests attending on his Service maintained with all necessaries only to pray for the Dead unto whom these bones belonged who also had allowed them without the Temple six hundred Servants who took care for providing all conveniencies for them As for the Priests themselves they never went without the limits of the Temple but by permission of their Superiors There was also a Seraglio wherein many Women appointed for that purpose were shut up whom their Governesses permitted to have too near an Acquaintance with the Priests of this beastly and Diabolical Sect Pinto's Travels ch 41. And thus will I conclude the ridiculous and Idolatrous ways of Worship among the Heathens in these dark parts of the World XXXI Many strange Events have happened by the Ingenious Stratagems of some men as we find in divers Authors Sir Walver Rawleigh writes That the Island of Sark joining to Guernsey and belonging to that Government was surprized by the French and could never have been recovered again by strong hand having Corn and Cattle enough upon the place to feed so many as would serve to defend it and being every way so inaccessible as it might have held out against the Great Turk Yet in the Reign of Q. Mary by the Industry of a Gentleman of the Netherlands it was in this manner regained He Anchored in the Road with one ship of small burden and pretending the death of his Merchant besought the French being about thirty in number that they might bury their Merchant in hallowed ground and in the Chappel of that Isle offering the French a Present of such Commodities as they had aboard whereunto the French yeilded upon Condition that they should not come ashore with any weapon no not so much as a Knife Then did the Flemings put a Coffin into their Boat not filled with a dead Carcass but with Swords Targets and Carabines The French receiving them at their Landing and searching every one so narrowly that they could not hide a Pen-knife gave them leave to draw their Coffin up the Rocks with great difficulty some of the French took the Flemish Boat and rowed toward the Ship to fetch the Rewards promised them and what else they pleased but being come aboard they were taken and bound The Flemmings on Land when they had carried their Coffin into the Chappel shut the door to them and taking their weapons out of the Coffin set upon the French who ran to the Cliff and called to their Company Aboard the Ship to come to their assistance but finding the Boat came back full of Flemmings they yeilded themselves and the place Rawleigh's History of the World lib. 5. XXXII Notable was the exploit of the surprizing Breda in the Wars of the Low-Countries A River called Merch runs by that City upon which stands a Noble Castle rather for Habitation than Strength Three Leagues from Breda the River falls into a large Channel in Holland and some Barks of Merchandise used to pass to and fro upon that River having Pasports for that purpose The Governor of Breda under the Prince of Parma used sometimes to go to a place about nine Miles off and in his absence his Son commanded in his stead All the while the Father kept in Breda he still caused diligent search to be made in every Boat that passed lest by some trick or other he might be surprized but his Son being young and inexperienced was neither so considerate nor careful as he should have been Among other Boats which passed to and fro some carried Turf which instead of Wood is much used for firing in Friesland Holland and the lower Parts of Flanders who coming from Holland into the River Merch went to Breda and some other Towns thereabout At this time there was a Mariner a Master of a Boat who was well acquainted with the Souldiers that kept the Castle by which all these Boats used to pass who went to Prince Maurice and told him That a considerable company of Souldiers might be hid under the Turf in his boat and that he might thereby very probably surprise the Castle by night and afterward with a supply of Souldiers might easily enter Breda Prince Maurice liked the Stratagem very well and resolved to make Trial of it These Turf-boats are usually of a good length thereby to supply their want of breadth the lesser Rivers and Channels not being capable of Broader The Boat being fitted the Master came with it to Breda and underneath the Turf which was upheld by great Poles were placed fourscore Souldiers all choice men and Captain Charles Harawger an old and Valiant Souldier commanded them The Bark being come into the Castle the young Governour gave Order that it should be searched according to Custom but as that order was carelesly given so it was carelesly executed The Marriners hereby encouraged passed from more serious affairs to Sport and Jollity and so delay'd the time till night came on and invited those Souldiers which came to search the Boat to drink some Wine with them and when they were well warmed with Wine they soon fell asleep The rest of the Souldiers were withdrawn into the Castle to take their rest But on a sudden the Souldiers under the Turf Landed and assaulted them on every side being at first very much astonished but were soon made sensible of the Surprizal and as suddenly left the Castle to these New Guests Some of them were hurt and some slain and the young Governour was taken Prisoner The Captains in the City were in so great Confusion that they could neither break down the Bridge whereby the Castle was joined to the Town neither did they secure any one Gate of the City for some few hours till succours could have come from the Neighbouring Garrison In the mean time Count Hollack and soon after Prince Maurice himself came at whose entrance the Spanish Garrison marched basely and shamefully out and left the City to the Hollanders in 1590. Bentivolio's History of Flanders pag. 264. XXXIII Plutarch relates That Hannibal the General of Carthage intending to remove his Forces to Cassinas his Guides by a mistake of the Punick Tongue led his Army to Cassilinum in Campania which is very Mountainous save a long Valley which stretches it self out into the Sea Fabius the Roman General had shut up the way by which he should get out with Four Thousand Souldiers and the rest of
under my hand for it Well said the Sheriff that is not sufficient to discharge me if I have not a Writ from the Superior Powers I will not burn them for any of you all Dr. Jefferies hearing this returned home and presently fell sick upon it Not long after came down a Writ from above to the under Sheriff for their Execution but he being a good Protestant cast the Writ into the Fire saying I will not be guilty of these mens blood Within four dayes after Jefferies dyed About which time Richard White and John Hunt being in a low and dark Dungeon were going to Prayer but on a sudden knowing no reason for it they burst forth into a great weeping so that they could not speak a word and the next Morning they understood just at the same time the Chancellor dyed Presently after the Bishop dyed also so that these two good men continued in Prison till Queen Maries death and by that means it pleased God to deliver them Clarks Martyr Pag. 510. XLVII In the time of Queen Mary's sickness one Cox a Promoter taking the Constable and some others with him went to the House of Mr. William Living a Minister in Shoo-lane and there searching amongst his books found a book of Astronomy made by Johannes de Sacro Bosco wherein were many Figures Cox taking this book and seizing Mr. Living and his Wife carryed them away to the house of one Darbyshire Chancellor to the Bishop of London and by the way opening the Book he said I have found him at last It 's no marvel though the Queen be sick when there are such Conjurers in corners but now I hope he shall conjure no more Then Darbyshire Examined him and told him that he was a Schismatick and a Traytor To whom Mr. Living answered I should be sorry if that were true but I know I am no Traytor for I have alwayeâ— Preached Obedience according to the Tenor of God's Word and when Tumults have been raised I have suppressed theâ— by God's word But said the Chancellor you deny thâ— Church of Rome And therefore he bid Cluny the barbarous Jaylor take him away and put him into the Cole-house Then did Cluny violently hale and draw him and carrying him to his house there robbed him of all his Money his Psalter and New Testament c. After which he carryed him to the Cole-house and there put both his Arms and Legs into thâ— Stocks saying That except he gave him Forty Shillings he would put a Collar of Iron about his Neck also I am never able to pay so much said Mr. Living and so he was left in the Stocks At Evening a Kinswoman of his brought him his Supper who seeing how miserably he was used told Cluny That she would give him Ten groats to let him loose Cluny took her Money and so let him eat his Supper but presently after set him in the Stocks again within a few dayes he was removed and put into Lollard's Tower and there laid in Irons where he remained a Prisoner but the sudden death of Queen Mary and the coming in of Queen Elizabeth of happy Memory prevented the cruel death designed to be inflicted on him Clarks Martyrology Pag. 511. XLVIII Leo Son to the Emperour Basilius Macedo was accused by a Monk as having designed upon the life of his Father and was thereupon cast into Prison in order to the taking away his life from which he was freed by this strange means The Emperour on a time feasted divers of the greatest Lords in his Court who being all sate a Parrot that was hung up in a Cage in the Hall cryed out in a mournful Tone Alas alas poor Prince Leo which words it is like he had frequently heard from Courtiers passing to and fro who bewailed the Princes mis-fortunes in those Terms And when the Parrot had often repeated these words The Lords at the Table were siezed with such a sudden sadness that all of them neglected their Meat The Emperour observed it and called to them to eat inquiring the reason why they did not When one of them with tears in his eyes replyed How should we eat Sir being thus reproached by this bird of our want of Duty to your Family The brute Creature is mindful of his Lord and we that have reason have neglected to supplicate your Majesty in behalf of the Prince whom we all believe to be innocent and to suffer under Calumny and false Accusation The Emperour moved with these words commanded to fetch Leo â—ut of Prison admitted him to his Presence and restored him first to his favour and then to his former Dignity of Caesar Wanly Hist Man Pag. 628. XLIX In the Year 1552 Francis Pelusius of Sixâ—y three Years old digging a Well Forty foot deep â—n the Hill of St. Sebastian the Earth above him fell in upon him to Thirty five Foot depth He was somewhat sensible before of what was coming and opposed a plank which by chance he had with him against the Ruines himself lying under it By this means he was protected from the huge weight of Earth and retained some room and breath to himself by which he lived seven dayes and nights without food or sleep supporting his Stomach only with his own Urine without any pain or sorrow being full of hope which he placed in God only Ever and anon he called for help as being yet safe but was heard by none though he could hear the motion noise and words of those that were above him and could count the hours as the Clock went After the seventh day he being all this while given for dead they brought a Bier for his Corps and when a good part of the Well was digged up on a sudden they heard the voice of one crying from the bottom At first they were afraid as if it had been the voice of a Subterranean Spirit the voice continuing they had some hope of his life and hastened to dig to him till at last after they had given him a glass of Wine they drew him up living and well his strength so entire that to lift him out he would not suffer himself to be bound nor would use any help of another Yea he was of so sound Understanding that jesting he drew out his Purse and gave them Money saying He had been with such good Hosts that for seven dayes it had not cost him a farthing Soon after he returned to his work again and was then alive when I writ this saith Bartholomew Aumulus Thus we see many have been providentially saved from death by very strange wayes and means And we likewise read that others have been as happily cured of very dangerous Diseases by very strange Accidents of which the following Relations give an account L. A certain Cardinal was sick of an Impostume and at last the Collected matter was got in such manner into his Throat that it caused great difficulty of breathing and threatned to strangle him immediately The
Writings wherein it was very observable that in plundering those Houses wherein were such quantities of Money and rich Furniture not one durst meddle with the least piece of any thing but all was consumed in the Flames being as they said The Quintessence of their bloud The People meeting with no opposition were encouraged and encreased thereby so that above Ten Thousand made toward the Palace of the Vice-Roy carrying Loaves of Bread upon their Pikes and crying Let the King of Spain live and the ill Government die and Massanello and his Boys with doleful and loud voices as they went along the Streets laboured to move all the People to joyn with them and going to St. James's Prison they freed all the Prisoners and admitted them into their Society when they came to the Palace they cried out That they would not only be freed from the Gabel upon Fruits but from all other Gabels also whereupon the Vice-Roy coming out into a Balcony told them That the Gabel should be abolished and part of that upon Corn also But they still cried out That they would not be releived in part they would have the whole taken off adding May the King of Spain live and the ill Government dye Many of them attempting to go up the Stairs to acquaint the Governour with the rest of their Grievances they were kept back by the Guard of Souldiers But with their Canes Clubs a great Cry they forced their Passage and demanded Audience of the Vice-Roy but he had withdrawn himself So that when they came to the Hall-door and found it shut they broke it open and at his Chamber they met with some further resistance by Souldiers but forcing them away they had easie access into all other rooms even to the very Closet where the Vice-Roy had hid himself and though it was double bolted yet by main force they broke it open where he had certainly lost his life but that two Noblemen with much ado conveyed him away Then he intended to have gone into the Castle whither his Lady and Children had retired but understanding that the Draw-Bridge was up he took Sanctuary in a Church and Friery and so out of a Window gave the People notice that he was willing to content them and accordingly publisht divers Schedules for taking off the Gabel from Fruit and part of that from Corn yet were they not satisfied but made signs for him to come down and speak with them Face to Face which he did accordingly in a Coach but they upon pain of Death commanded him out and some then said Sir for the Love of God disburthen us at once of these Gabels Let us have no more Slavery Let us breathe Then did the Vice-Roy grant their Request yet thinking himself unsafe he threw some pieces of Gold among them which whilst they were scrambling for he got into a Church and fortified the passages both of that and the Monastery The People furiously followed him and though at a Window he promised them satisfaction yet they had proceeded farther had not the Archbishop interposed and obtained an Instrument under the hand and Seal of the Vice-Roy which he shewed to the People and so drawing him after them along the Streets he at last with a loud voice read the Instrument to them But when it was read they all cried out That they were cheated since it only contained the taking off the Gabel of Fruit and part of that upon wheat and it was thereupon resolved That it was necessary for the Defence of the Faithful People of Naples to enrol some Armed men to procure a Total discharge of Gabels They then disarmed all the Guards and desired yea beseeched the Prince of Basignano Collonel General of the Battalions of Naples who was well beloved amongst them to be their Defender and Intercessor to the Vice-Roy for the Total Abolishment of Gabels This Request he could not refuse and therefore mounting on Horseback he went along with them the number of Men and Boys still encreasing till they were about fifty Thousand The Prince used all possible means to quiet the People swearing That he would obtain for them what they desired yet he prevailed nothing for some of them ran to divers Prisons breaking them open freeing the Prisoners and burning all the Books and Processes of Prisoners that were found in the Offices Then going to the Toll-houses for Corn they burnt it quite down together with much Corn Houshold-stuff and Money Then they went to St. Lawrence's Church to ring the great Bell to warn all the people to Arm but there they met with some Resistance in which time the Prince being almost spent in the Crowd slipt away which the People understanding cried out to Massanello to be their Captain and Conductor who accepting the Charge by sound of Drum stirred up all the People of the City and Suburbs to take Arms. The day now declining to prevent the infinite mischief that was like to ensue it was thought fit by some that the Monks and Fryers should go in Procession through the City to implore the Divine help and if possible to quiet the People which accordingly they did but without success But the Vice-Roy and Nobility fearing the People should sieze upon 16 pieces of Ordnance Arms c. and Ring the Bells to encrease the Uproar they sent a good guard of Spaniards and others to prevent them and about Mid-night the Vice Roy and other principal men removed to the Castle Nuovo that was near the Palace and the better to quiet the People he published good Orders concerning bread which being scarce 24 Ounces should now be made above 33 Ounces and that Considerable Guards should be set about the Castle yet the People went on with their Fury Ringing Bells and dividing themselves into all Quarters Some burning down the rest of the Toll-Houses Others plundering the Shops for Swords Musquets Bullets Match c. And one foolish Man resisting them they put Fire to his house wherein were divers Barrels of Powder which taking Fire blew up 87 Men besides 44 that were hurt To prevent the like mischief the Vice-Roy commanded that all the Powder in other places should be made wet with water The next day July 8. very early in the morning the People appeared in a warlike Equipage amongst whom were mingled many Countrey Fellows with pitchforks plowshares shovels and the like and many Women with Fire-shovels Tongs Spits c. Yea the very Children with little Staves and Canes all in an enraged manner crying out Let the Lord our King live and the ill Government die With such like cryes the Air wâ—s filled They then sent order to the 36 Wards of the City to Arm immediately upon pain of having their Houses burnt down But wanting Powder they went to a House where they knew some was who refusing to sell it them they threw lighted Matches into it blowing up the House and sixty Persons that were in it Then they hastned to the
by many degrees his Superiors to battels burnings plunder spoil blood and death and it was admired that amongst such a confused multitude he could proceed so regularly in his orders and have them so exactly observed He was very observant to Ladies and Churchmen not suffering any outrage to them yea among such mighty rich goods as were burnt he would not suffer the value of a pin to be converted to his own private use The first order Published by Massanello on Thursday Morning was That none should wear Cloaks Gowns Cassocks c. nor women any Fardingals and that when they went abroad they should tuck up their Petty-coats least they should carry any Arms underneath and it was strange to see what Universal Obedience was given to the same then might you see even the Nobility Churchmen Religious Orders of all sorts going up and down in querpo without upper Garments during Massanello's Reign every one submitting to so vile a fellow This Morning likewise he caused the great Guns to be mounted and planted in the most advantageous places of the City and Guards of Horse and Foot placed near them He commanded all Noble men and Gentlemen to deliver their Arms to persons appointed upon pain of death and though this might expose them to the fury of the people yet they durst not disobey He also set a rate upon all edible Commodities But now by the mediation of the Archbishop Articles were drawn up between the Vice-Roy and the People whereby their Priviledges were confirmed and a general pardon granted and the people were acknowledged for the King's Children and the most Loyal Subjects he had in all his Dominions About Ten a Clock this day it being reported that the Accord was finished and that Massanello was to go to the Vice-Roy to the Castle for confirming it with the hands of the Vice-Roy the Council Royal and the Council of State hereupon an incredible multitude of People Assembled together and command was given under pain of Firing That all Masters of Families should hang their Windows Walls and Balconies with the Richest Silks and Tapestryes that they had and that all the wayes to the Castle should be swept clean Which was no sooner spoken than done by persons of all sorts and ranks Massanello then sent one of his Captains to acquaint the Vice-Roy of his purpose of coming to parlee with him who answered That he might when he pleased for he would gladly see him Presently after cloathing himself in Cloath of Silver with a large Plume of White Feathers in his Hat and a Naked Sword in his hand he mounted on a Prancing Gelding and marched toward the Castle attended by Fifty Thousand of the choicest of the people some on Foot others on Horse-back next after him followed the Archbishop in his Coach on whose right hand rode Massanello's Brother in Cloth of Gold c. The cry was in every corner as they passed along Let the King of Spain live let the most faithful people of Naples live When he came to the Castle he was met by the Captain of the Vice-Roys Guard welcoming him in his Masters name to the Pallace where his Excellency expected him with great desire Massanello returning a grave and short answer stopped and made a sign to the People that they should go no farther there being Twenty Thousand already entred and it was admirable to see how immoveably they all stood and with incredible silence whereupon alighting he began with a loud yet gentle voice to exhort them to return thanks for their good success in obtaining their Liberties telling them That for his own part he desired nothing but the publick good For said he I was offered Two Hundred Crowns a Month all the time of my life if I would have desisted but I do refuse it Moreover if the Archbishop had not enjoyned me and threatned me with Excommunication I would not have apparelled my self as you now see me I would never have altered my Seamans Cloths such a one I was born such a one I lived and such a one I mean to dye after I have once Established the publick Liberty But yet lay not down your Arms till a Confirmation comes from the King of Spain Trust not the Nobles they are Traytors and our Enemies After which he went into the Castle and upon the Stairs the Vice-Roy met him to whom he humbled himself thanking him for condescending to their Articles telling him That he might dispose of him as he pleased either to hang him break him on the Wheel or any other kind of death But the Vice-Roy raised him up telling him That he knew not that he had committed any fault nor had offended his Majesty and therefore he should be cheerful and that he should alwayes respect him And herewith he often embraced him Whilst they were consulting together a rumor arose among that infinite number of people which staid without That Massanello was arrested or some hurt done to him therefore the Vice-Roy took him with the Arch-Bishop unto a Balcony where he might be seen of all who looking on the people said to them Lo I am here I am alive and free Peace Peace at which the multitude exceedingly rejoyced Then said Massanello to the Vice-Roy My Lord you shall see how obedient the People be and so he bid them cry Let God live let the King of Spain live c. which they immediately did and then he added Let the ill Government dye they all cryed so likewise Then putting his finger to his mouth there was a profound universal silence that scarce a man was seen to breath He then with a loud voice commanded that every one there present should depart from that Court under pain of Rebellion and Death which was punctually and presently obeyed whereat the Vice-Roy was much astonished After many discourses it was agreed That the Peoples demands should be printed and subscribed by the Vice-Roy and all his Councils and that the Sunday following they should all come to the Cathedral and there swear to observe them for ever as also to procure the Confirmation thereof from his Catholick Majesty after which Massanello took leave to depart At his departure the Vice-Roy gave him a rich Chain of Gold worth three thousand Crowns putting it about his neck with his own hands and declared him to be the Duke of St. George both which he would have refused but that the Archbishop advised him to the contrary Massanello then went with the Archbishop to his Palace and whilst they were discoursing together a Rumour was spread that many of the Banditi were coming into the City but it proved to be the Marquess of St. Ermo who with his Followers returned from his Countrey house to the City yet had the jealous People almost pulled him to peices had not Massanello at the request of a Lady interposed for his safety and so ended the fifth day being Thursday July 11. 1647. On Friday Morning there came a Boat with
6 Marriners and four men compleatly armed which brought Letters from the Duke of Mataloni to his Secretary and because they were written in dark Cyphers Massanello caused the four men first to be racked and then to have their heads chopped off The same morning he erected another Tribunal of Justice substituting a Leiutenant under him who presently condemned four Banditi and beheaded them Massanello also having left off his Cloth of Silver appeared in his old Mariners habit and yet was obeyed and feared by every one He stood in a Window to give Audience and to receive Petitions which they reached up to him upon the ends of Pikes All his Orders ran in these words Vnder pain of Rebellion and Death and it was wonderful to see so many Commands Bans Commissions and Orders published and affixed to Posts subscribed Thomas Anello Captain General of the most faithful People of Naples all which were executed with incredible readiness and exactness This morning he issued out an order That every one should cut off his great Lock and wear no Perriwigs He likewise renewed his former Order That Church-men should not wear their upper Garment because by that means many Banditi came into the City There was another Order That upon sounding the two a Clock Bell in the night every one upon pain of death should retire to his Lodging And because many of the Nobility and Ladies were retired into the Monasteries and Nunneries he commanded That upon pain of death they should all return to their Houses which was presently obeyed Then he commanded That all the Inhabitants both Natives and Forreigners should set upon their Gates the King of Spain 's Arms on the right hand and the City Arms on the left which was suddenly put in Execution though with much trouble to the Spaniards Many Delinquents were put to death He caused a Baker to be baked to death because he made his bread too light He had seven Secetaries and ten Officers to punish whom he pleased and he was feared and obeyed with as much exactness as if it had been the Great Turk A Choice Horse being sent Massanello worth four Hundred Ducats he sent him presently to the Kings Stable saying That he was too good for his use There were about an hundred Thousand Crowns discovered in a By-place which he caused to be reserved for the Kings Use withal offering the Vice-Roy five Millions if need were Many great Presents being sent him from Gentlemen he would not receive the value of one farthing He employed many to search after the Servants and Kindred of the Duke of Mataloni and his Brother and when they were brought to him he examined them upon the Rack where their Persons and Goods were and at last one confessing that their Goods were hidden in several Churches and Monasteries He caused them immediately to be searcht for both above and under ground whence were brought forth abundance of rich things valued at five Hundred Thousand Crowns besides four Thousand Crowns in ready Money all which being brought to Massanello he employed the Money to pay his Souldiers and laid up the Goods in a Magazine none daring to touch a Rag of it He sent also to make a new search in the Houses whence he had formerly taken and burnt their Goods and found much more in Wells Pits Houses of Office c. with great quantities of Silver and Gold He sent also armed men into the Countrey to burn the House Goods and Furniture of the the Duke of Caivano which was done accordingly as also the Palace of Mataloni with all that was within whom likewise they hanged in Effigie in the Market-place because they could not catch his Person Then he commanded them to burn the Goods of divers other Officers and particularly of the Kings Visitors yet at the request of the Archbishop it was not put in Execution In the mean time the Vice-Roy being besieged in his Castle and deprived of Provisions he sent to Massanello for some supply which he readily consented to sending him 50 Porters loaden with all sorts of Provision and Shops were opened and all People went up and down with as much security as if there had been no Souldiers nor disturbance in the City so strict and rigorous was he in the Execution of Justice At the same time 13 Gallies of Naples arriving at the Port their Admiral sent to the Vice-Roy for a supply of Provisions But he sent Messengers to Massanello who promised them a supply but on condition they should go farther off and none of them come ashore which was done accordingly Presently after came divers from the Castle bringing Presents from the Vice-Roy to Massanello with Thanks for the plentiful provision he had sent him amongst which was a Rich Suit of Clothes for his own wearing The Vice-Queen also sent to know how he did desiring him for her sake to make use of the things that were sent him Saturday July 13. Massanello knowing that his safety consisted in keeping the people in exact obedience which hitherto he had done he punished the least Act of disobedience with death and understanding that the night before some were employed in going about amongst the Shop-keepers to make them sensible of their slavery under him He sent out strict orders for apprehending them and hanged them up before the shops where they had been and among them two of the Duke of Mataloni's Servants were hanged who had brought Letters in the soles of their shoes written in Cyphers which none could understand Then being informed of a Burglary which was committed that night and that it was done by some Banditi who had taken Sanctuary in a Church he caused them to be dragged out and executed A Young Maid complained to him that one of his Souldiers had Murthered her Father whereupon the Brother of the Murtherer promised that if the fault might be remitted he would Marry the Maid but she refusing Massanello caused him to give her Two Hundred Crowns for a Dowry and so pardoned him Now Intelligence being brought that the Banditi were joyned together in divers places to invade the City He made Proclamation That what Banditi soever should discover the Plot he should be absolutely pardoned and a Message of consequence being brought him by a Cavalier He said I will have nothing to do with the Cavaliers God hath set me up for the peoples good and turning to them he said My People pray for me and preserve me well for if you lose me woe be to you The same Morning came in multitudes of People out of the Countrey round about and amongst them Women and Children with swords and staves to do their Homage to Massanello and to be redressed by him of their grievances About the same time he sent to the Vice-Roy to mind him of his promise of coming the next day being Sunday with all his Councellors to confirm his grants by all their Oaths which accordingly was done For after dinner the Vice-Roy
returned in the Evening he gave all them that attended him 1O Measures of Wheat apiece The same afternoon Massanello's Wife Mother and Sister clad in Cloth of Silver with Chains of Gold and other Rich Jewels went in a stately Coach valued at eight Thousand Crowns to give the Vice-Queen a Visit attended with divers other Gentlewomen and when she came to the Palace Sedans were sent for her and her Company with a Guard of Halberdiers Pages and Lacquies to attend them The Vice-Queen presented her with a rich Diamond giving her great welcome and many Dainties and so returned where they found Massanello so heated with his Wine that he scarce knew what he said or did and thus ended Sunday On Monday Morning he would have resigned his Power but his Wife and Kindred disswaded him and himself conceived that if he should do it he could expect no other but death but now when he came to manage his Authority he committed so many Fopperies and Tyrannical Acts as made him hated by those who before had adored him and the reason of his distempered Brain was conceived to be from a fatal drink given him by the Vice-Roy the day before To which may be added want of Food and Sleep for he was seldom at leasure to do either in regard of multiplicity of business which wholly took him up Early that morning he rode into the Market-place with a naked Sword in his hand striking many for no cause offered A Captain who came to him about business he wounded in the Face and meeting with one that was said to be a Spy he caused his head presently to be chopped off another complaining that his Wife was gone away with another man he caused the Woman to be hanged and the Man to be broken on the wheel Then going to the Kings Stables he took for himself and his Followers six of the best Horses but before he had gone far better bethinking himself he sent them all back again The Vice-Roy himself hearing of such Extravagancies trembled and retired into the inner Palace causing it to be fortified and increased his Guard Then Massanello sent to two Noblemen to come to him into the Market-place upon pain of burning their Palaces if disobeying who returned answer That they would wait on him But instead thereof having secured their Goods they went to the Vice-Roy to complain of their Slavish Condition and whilst they were considering how to remedy it there came two of his chief Friends and Counsellors making the same Complaint saying That they were in continual danger of their Lives and that the People began to hate Massanello for his extream Cruelty whereupon it was concluded That the People should be perswaded to make their Addresses to the Vice-Roy and therein to declare that they would have no more dependance upon him but upon his Excellency only provided that they might be assured to enjoy their Priviledges lately confirmed by Oath This the Vice-Roy willingly assented to and the People were perswaded to accept of the Conditions and Massanello being gone abroad to take his pleasure many of them met with the Vice-Roy where it was concluded That Massanello should be laid hold on and kept in chains during his life but not put to death because of the good he had done for the People At Massanello's return being extreamly inflamed with Wine he began to play many mad Pranks whereupon the Captains of the People apprehended him and put him in Custody under a Guard of Souldiers and the People confederating with the Vice-Roy hastened his End Tuesday July 16 in the Morning Massanello's Secretary meeting some Bands of men going towards the Castle proudly asked them By whose Authority they Acted One of the Captains answered By the Authority of the Vice-Roy Well said the Secretary thy head shall pay for this whereupon the Captain wounded him with his Sword and another shot him through and so they put him into a Sepulchre But the people that adhered to the Vice-Roy drew him out cut off his head and dragged his body about the Streets Presently after Massanello escaping out of Prison went to the Church of the Virgin of Carmine and the Archbishop coming to sing Mass there it being a great Festival day to that Saint Massanello met him saying Most Eminent Lord I perceive that the People will now forsake me and go about to take away my life I desire that a Solemn Procession may be made to this most holy Lady for being to die I shall then die with greater content The Church being full of People Massanello went to the Altar and taking a Crucifix in his hand he commended himself to the People remembring then what great things he had done for them the difficulties he had encountered with and the hatred that he had procured to himself thereby c. and then prostrating himself at the Archbishops Feet he desired him to send the Vice-Roy word That he would willingly renounce his Command and resign it into his Excellencies hand which the Archbishop promised him to do and seeing him all in a sweat he conveyed him into a Dormitory to be refreshed and so he left him Massanello after a while went into the Hall and some that were hired to murther him rushed into the room crying aloud Let the King of Spain live and let none hereafter upon pain of death obey Massanello Massanello seeing them said You go perhaps to search for me behold me here my people Whereupon some shot at him and he crying out Ah ingrateful Traytors fell down dead Then came a Butcher and cut off his Head and carried it upon a Lance first into the Church and then to the Market-place crying out Let the King of Spain live Massanello is dead Massanello is dead and withal they discharged some Harquebusses whereupon the affrighted people slunk away not daring to Revenge their Captains death so that they carried his head up and down the City and the Boys dragged his Body up and down the Streets and at last his head was thrown into one Ditch and his Body into another And thus as the Almighty for the sins of the Egyptians punished them by small and inconsiderable means so did he Correct Humble and Chastize the Stately proud City of Naples by so mean a Person who in ten dayes time acted the part of the Greatest Monarch upon Earth and then fell to the lowest Contempt and died the most vile death of the greatest Malefactor Thus Massanello being raised by the popular Air slain and scorned by the same people Honoured and Idolized by the same persons may be compared to a Ball tossed up and down by Fortune The voice went afterward that a Chappel should be built for him and the prime Wits of Naples composed several Epitaphs upon him amongst which the following is thus Englished by J. H. Esq Massanello's Lamentation concerning the People of Naples I did expect from thee a better Fate Ingrateful City People more ungrate Thou chop'st his
the King and his Cubs be taken away 2. To have a Toleration of Religion 3. To procure Aid and Assistance from Forreign Princes 4. To turn out of the Court such as they disliked and place themselves in Offices Watson to be Lord Chancellor George Brook Lord Treasurer Sir Griffin Markham Secretary of State Lord Grey to be Master of the Horse and Earl Marshal of England But it seems they made no Provision for Rawleigh which is no inconsiderable Argument of his Innocency who could have deserved and might have expected as great a reward as any of them had he been engaged in the Plot To oblige to Secrecy Watson draws up an Oath But all is betrayed they are Seized Examined and Tryed at Winchester Nov. 17. 1603. and the Lord Cobham George Brook his Brother Thomas Lord Grey of Wilton Sir Walter Rawleigh Sir Griffith Markham and Sir Edward Parham Knights Bartholomew Brooksby and Anthony Copley Gentlemen W. Watson W. Clark Priests were all found guilty of Treason except Sir Edward Parham who was acquitted and Watson and Clark were executed Nov. 29. George Brook was beheaded Decemb. 5. but here the hand of Justice staid the Lord Cobham Lord Grey and Sir Griffith Markham were pardoned at the place of Execution Sir Walter Rawleigh was left to the Kings Mercy who thought him too great a Male-content to have his Freedom and probably too innocent to lose his Life Therefore he is confined to the Tower where he writ that excellent History of the World wherein the only fault or defect rather is that it wanteth one half thereof which was occasioned as it is commonly related thus Some few days before he suffered he sent for Mr. Walter Burr who formerly printed his first Volume of the History of the World and asking him how it sold Mr. Burr answered It sold so slowly that it had undone him At which words Sir Walter stepping to his Desk reaches his other unprinted part of his History which he had brought down to the times he lived in and clapping his hand upon his breast said with a sigh Ah my friend hath the first part undone thee the second Part shall undo no more this ungrateful World is unworthy of it and immediately going to the Fire-side threw it in and set his Foot upon it till it was consumed As great a loss to Learning as Christendom could have sustained and the greater because it could be repaired by no hand but his While Sir Walter was thus confined Death took away his Mortal Enemy Sir Robert Cecil after Earl of Salisbury who had purchased the Monopoly of Favour and being jealous of Sir Walters Abilities had some fear he might supplant him which was the cause says Osborn that he was brought to the aforementioned Trial However Sir Walter outlived his Designs and Hatred and for all kindnesses bestowed on him the following Epitaph which is certainly affirmed to be his King James was so taken with the smartness of them that he hoped the Author would dye before him The Verses are these Here lies Hobnial our Pastor while er'e That once in a Quarter our Fleeces did share To please us his Cur he kept under Clog And was ever after both Shepherd and Dog For Oblation to Pan his Custom was thus He first gave a Trifle then offered up us And through his false worship such power he did gain As kept him o' th' Mountain and us on the Plain Where many an Hornpipe he tun'd to his Phillis And sweetly sung Walsingham to 's Amaryllis Till Atropos clapt him a P on the Drab For spight of his Tar-box he di'd of the Scab If the Reader desires a key to these Verses he may have it in Osborn's Memoirs Fourteen years Sir Walter had spent in the Tower of whom Prince Henry would say That no King but his Father would keep such a Bird in a Cage and being weary of Confinement his Destiny brought him to his end by Liberty which it could not do by Imprisonment For out of a longing for Liberty he propounded a Project to the King upon which being a well spoken man and of great Capacity he set such colours of Probability especially guilding it over with the Gold he would fetch from a Mine Guiana in the West-Indies without any wrong at all to the King of Spain that the King granted him a limited Commission to undertake it and thereupon with divers Ships accompanied with many Knights and Gentlemen of Quality he set forward on the Voyage but when after long search no such Place nor Treasure could be found he fell upon St. Thome a Town belonging to the King of Spain Sacked Pillaged and Burnt it And here was the first part of his Tragical Voyage Acted in the death of his Eldest Son the last part was acted in his own death at his return For Gundamore the Spanish Embassador did so aggravate this Fact to the King against him that it seemed nothing would give satisfaction but Rawleigh's head without which he seemed to threaten a breach between the two Nations Rawleigh excused his Actions and sent this Defence thereof in a Letter to King James May it please your most Excellent Majesty If in my Journey outward bound I had my men murdered at the Island of St. Thomas and yet spared to take revenge If I did discharge some Spanish Barques taken without Spoil If I did forbear all Parts of the Spanish Indies wherein I might have taken twenty of their Towns on the Sea-coasts and did only Follow the Enterprise I undertook for Guiana where without any directions from me a Spanish Village was burnt which was new set up within three miles of the Mine by your Majesties favour I find no reason why the Spanish Embassador should complain of me If it were lawful for the Spaniards to murder twenty six English-men binding them back to back and then cutting their Throats when they had Traded with them a whole Month and came to them on the Land without so much as one Sword and that it may not be lawful for your Majesties subjects being charged first by them to repel Force by Force we may justly say Oh miserable English If Parker and Metham took Campeach and other Places in the Honduras seated in the Heart of the Spanish Indies burnt Towns killed the Spaniards and had nothing said to them at their return and my self forbore to look into the Indies because I would not offend I may justly say O miserable Sir Walter Rawleigh If I spent my poor Estate lost my Son suffered by sickness and otherwise a World of Miseries If I have resisted with the manifest hazard of my life the Robberies and Spoils which my Company would have made If when I was poor I have made my self Rich If when I had gotten my Liberty which all men and Nature it self do so much prize I voluntarily lost it If when I was sure of my life I rendred it again If I might elsewhere have sold my Ship
and Goods and put five or six Thousand pound in my pocket and yet have brought her into England I beseech your Majesty to believe that all this I have done because it should not be said to your Majesty That your Majesty had given Liberty and Trust to a Man whose end was only the Recovery of his Liberty and who had betrayed your Majesties Trust My Mutineers told me ' That if I returned for England I should be undone But I believed in your Majesties Goodness more than in all their Arguments Sure I am that I am the first that being free and able to enrich my self have imbraced Poverty and Peril and as sure I am that my Example shall make me the last But your Majesties Wisdom and Goodness I have made my Judges who have ever been and shall ever be Your Majesties most humble Vassal Walter Rawleigh Before Sir Walter made this Voyage the King commanded him upon pain of his Allegiance to give him under his hand promising on the word of a King to keep it secret the number of his Men the Burthen and Strength of his Ships together with the Countrey and River he was to enter which being done accordingly by Sir Walter That very Original Paper was found in the Spanish Governours Closet at St. Thoma so active were the Spanish Ministers that Advertisement was sent to Spain and thence to the Indies before the English Fleet got out of the Thames But now no Apology though never so perswasive could satisfie Gâ—ndamores Rage who as soon as news came of the firing St Thoma desired Audience of the King and 〈◊〉 he had but one word to say His Majesty wondering 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 be delivered in one word when he came before him he only bawl'd out Pyrates Pyrates Pyrates And was therefore now resolved to sacrifice the only Favourite left of Queen Elizabeth to the Spanish Interest and who was the only Person of the Earl Essex's Enemies that died lamented and the only Man of Note left alive that had helped to beat the Spaniard in 1588. When Sir Walter was arrived at Plymouth Sir Lewes Steukly seized him and was ordered by the King to bring him to London which could add no Terror to a Person who could expect nothing less and was now forced to use all the Arts imaginable to appease Hls Majesty and defer his Anger To which intent Manowry a French Quack at Salisbury gave him several Vomits and an Artificial Composition which made him look Gastly and Dreadful full of Pimples and Blisters and deceiv'd even the Physitians themselves who could not tell what to make of his Urine though often inspected it being adulterated with a Drug in the Glass that turned it even in their hands into an earthy humor of a blackish colour and of a very Offensive Savour while he lay under this Politick disguize he penned his Dedication and Apology aforementioned when he was brought to London he was confined only to his own house but finding the Court wholly guided by Gundamore he could hope for little Mercy therefore he designed to escape into France which Sir Lewes Steukly betrayed but the Fate of Traytors pursued him and brought him to a Contemptible end to dye a poor distracted Beggar in the Isle of Lindey having for a Bag of Money falsified his Faith confirmed by the tye of the Holy Sacrament as Mr. Howel relates and also before the year came about was found clipping the same very Coin in the Kings own Palace at Whitehal which he had received for a reward of his Perfidiousness for which being condemned to be hang'd he was forced to sell himself to his Shirt to purchase his Pardon of two Knights The King being willing to Sacrifice the life of Sir Walter Rawleigh to the advancement of the peace with Spain Upon St. Simon and Judes day the Lieutenant of the Tower had a Warrant to bring his Prisoner to the King's Bench Bar in Westminster-Hall where the Attorney General demanded Execution according to the Judgment pronounced against him at Winchester The Lord Chief Justice caused the Indictment Verdict and Judgment to be read and after asked him What he could say why he should not dye according to Law His answer was That this 15 Years he had lived upon the meer mercy of the King and did now wonder h w his mercy should be now turned into Judgment he not knowing any thing wherein he had provoked His Majesties displeasure and did hope that he was clear from that Judgment by the Kings Commission in making him General of the Voyage to Guiana For as he conceived the words to his trusty and well beloved Subject c. did in themselves imply a pardon But the Attorney General told him these words were not sufficient for that purpose whereupon he desired the opinion of the Court To which the Lord Chief Justice replyed That it was no pardon in Law Then began Sir Walter to give an account of his Voyage but was interrupted by the Lord Chief Justice who told him That it was not for any offence committed there but for his first Fact that he was now called in question and thereupon told him That seeing he must prepare to dye he would not add to his affliction nor aggravate his crime knowing him to be a man full of misery but with the good Samaritane would administer Wine and Oyl for the comfort of his distressed Soul You have been said he a General and a great Commander imitate therefore that Noble Captain who thrusting himself into the midst of a battle cryed out aloud Mors me expectat ego Mortem expectabo Death expects me and I will expect Death As you should not contemn so neither should you fear death the one shews too much boldness the other no less cowardice So with some few other Instructions the Court arose and Sir Walter was committed into the hands of the Sheriff of Middlesex who presently conveyed him to the Gate-House in Westminster Yet it has been much wondred at how that old sentence which had lain dormant 16 years and upward against Sir Walter could be now made use of to take off his head afterward Considering that the then Lord Chancellor Bacon told him positively as Sir Walter was acquainting him that he could procure his pardon for a less sum of money then his Guiana preparations amounted to Sir said he the Knee-timber of your Voyage is money spare your Purse in this particular for upon my life you have a sufficient pardon for all that is passed already the King having under his Broad-Seal made you Admiral of your Fleet and given you power of Martial Law over the Officers and Souldiers It was then likewise the opinion of many Lawyers that he who by His Majesties Patent had power of Life and Death over the Kings Leige People should be esteemed or Judged Rectus in curia and free from all Old Convictions Upon Thursday October 29. 1618. 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