to reject them for want of such evidence is repugnant to the Reason of mankind I proceed therefore to my second assertion that the Belief of the Divine Authority of the Scriptures is most agreable to reason That the Divine Authority of all the Scriptures of the Old and New Testament are undeniably concluded from supposition of the truth of the Relation or History of matters of fact in the New Testament I have already shewn And that the rejection of all History is against the Reason of mankind is evident because all mankind receive some History or other wherefore I shall briefly shew 1. That the History of the New Testament hath all those advantages whereof any History is capable 2. That it hath greater advantages than any other History 1. The Arguments inducing men to the belief of any historical Relation are all of them Either Ab intra Internal from the 1. Credibility and Scibility of the Object 2. The Knowledge and Integrity of the Writers 3. The way and manner of writing Ab extra External from the 1. Reception of it in the world 2. Concurrent testimonies of strangers 3. Concessions of Adversaries and the like In all which particulars no History in the world can justly pretend any advantage above that of the New Testament 1. For the credibility of the Object and Cognoscibility of it 1. To say that instances of supernatural Power and wisdom are impossible is to deny the power of God and his providence in governing the world And to say that such things are incredible as are and have been actually believed in all times and by all sorts of persons Jews and Gentiles Christians and Mahometans a few Atheistical persons only accepted is an absurdity The History that we speak of pretends to no intrigues or Cabalistick Counsels or Myisteries of State but conteins it self within the limits of things Visible and Audible things that were done or spoken so that no History can have advantage over it respectu objecti 2. As for Knowledge in the deliverers I shall shew it by a brief Induction The whole New Testament consists of the Books of the Revelation Epistles Acts of the Apostles and the Gospels The Authors of the Epistles and the Revelation in the Narrative parts of them deliver the things done or spoken to or by themselves and could not be ignorant of their own experiences The Book of the Acts contains some things done by or to the rest of the Apostles but chiefly the concernments of Paul and it was written by Luke who was an individual Companion of Paul and intimately conversant with the rest of the Apostles For the things Related in the Gospel of St. Luke he saith they were delivered to him by those who from the beginning were Eye witnesses of the works and Ministers of the Word and his History agrees with the other Evangelists The Gospel of St. Mark hath nothing which is not in St. Matthew or St. John and was dictated by St. Peter the Head of the Apostles St. Matthew was an Apostle and St. John the Bosom Apostle of Christ. The Apostles were chosen by him for Witnesses of his Words and Actions they were with him from the beginning of his Ministry continued with him till his death couversed with him till his ascension That which they had heard which they had seen with their Eyes which they had looked on which their hands had handled of the word of life that they delivered in writing to the World And more than this no Writer or Relater of History can pretend to 2. For Arguments of their sincerity they have left Precepts of Veracity and prohibitions of lying under pain of Hell torments the Lake that burneth with fire and brimstone They have protested that they did not follow cunningly devised Fables that they did things sincerely as in the sight of God They have appealed to the searcher of hearts The God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ knoweth that I lie not The things which I write unto you behold before God I lye not Gal. 1. 20. saith St. Paul They have left behind them various instances of their simplicity and Godly sincerity in representing their failings to the world and of candour and ingenuity in distinguishing the dictates of their own Reason from the inspirations of the Holy Spirit I speak by permission not by commandment of the Lord This say I not the Lord Thus it is according to my judgment c. 1 Cor. 7. But besides all this let the matter be estimated according to common reason If these men did devise a Fable and impose it upon the world what end could they propound to themselves in so doing was there any profit in being destitute of all things or pleasure in being persecuted afflicted and tormented or honour in being counted Fools and Mad-men Before they began to publish the Stories whereof we speak their Master was gone and all worldly hopes were gone away with him If they were not bound in Conscience and in Spirit what obligation had he laid upon them to labour and suffer for his honour as they did To omit the severity of his behaviour to them He called them off from their Vocations Peter and Andrew James and John from their Fishing Mattbew from his Customers place the rest accordingly They forsook their Nets their Ships their Relations and all their interests and followed him And this they did clearly and plainly believing that he was to be a Great Temporal Prince and in hopes of preferment under him In this Expectation they continued to the last minute of his conversation with them upon Earth and he permitted them so to do Their last words to him were delivered in this question Lord wilt thou at this time restore the Kingdom unto Israel Of the thing it self they never doubted they only desire to be informed of the time Now after so long expectation Consider his Answer His Answer was this It is not for you to know the times c. but ye shall receive power when the Holy Ghost is come upon you and ye shall be witnesses of me unto the utmost parts of the earth and immediately he vanished away Was this an answer to their Question or a satisfaction to their expectation Was this an Obligation laid upon them If he had not sent down the Holy Ghost this would have moved them indeed but it would have been to rage and indignation this would have obliged them indeed but it would have been to detest and abhor the name and memory of him that had abused them But for the honour of his name not their own they did and suffered all things and gloried in it An irrefragable argument of their sincerity in the things which they delivered 3. Of the internal Arguments for the belief of History there remains only the Consideration of the way and manner of writing Histories then carry their own credentials in them when the principal parts
the Apostles the Promulgers of the Gospel Wherefore it is to be believed The Antecedent of this Enthymem is the sum of what I shall deliver When the Pharisees said unto Christ thy Record is not true because thou bearest record of thy self I am one saith Christ that bear record of my self and the Father that sent me beareth witness of me Moreover he tells the Disciples that the Comforter should testify of him And ye also shall bear witness because ye have been with me from the beginning So that beside the Witness of the Apostles the Gospel had the Attestation of all the persons of the Trinity viz. of the 1. Father 2. Son 3. Holy Ghost 1. God the Father bore witness to his Son and that he did by 1. Visible Signs and 2. Audible Voices 3. by Mission of Angels 4. by Co-operating in his Miracles c. 1. At his Nativity a new Star appeared At his Baptism they saw the heaven opened and the Spirit sent from the Father in the visible shape of a Dove and lighting upon him Before his Passion he was transfigured in their sight And At it the Sun was eclipsed when the Moon was full the Veil the Rocks rent so that the Centurion said Surely this man was the Son of God Bodies of Saints were seen of many All these were visible signs 2. As for the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Daughter of the Voice In his Baptism Lo a voyce from heaven Saying This is my beloved Son At his Transfiguration a Voyce came out of a cloud which said This is my beloved Son hear him A little before his death as he was Praying Father glorifie thy Name There came a voyce from heaven Saying I have both glorified it and will glorify it again 3. For mission of Angels by the Father We find them still ready upon all occasions from before his Coming down to the time of his Ascension into Heaven Before his Conception the Angel Gabriel appeared to Zachary and to Mary before his Nativity to Joseph saying fear not Joseph At the time of his Nativity a whole Chorus appeared to the Shepherds In his Infancy an Angel appeared twice to Joseph admonishing him of his going to Egypt and his return from thence In his Adult age they ministred to him in his hunger Before his death they strengthned him in his Agony After it they rolled away the stone from his Sepulcher They declared his Resurrection and in his Ascension they stood by and foretold his coming again to Judgment Ye men of Galilee why stand ye gazing This same Jesus 4. The Father co-operated with him according to that of our Saviour The father worketh hitherto and I work c. These are some of the Attestations of the Father 2. Christ bore witness of himself And this he did by proving himself to be the Messiah viz. by fulfilling all the prophesies relating to the Person or Offices the Life and the Death of the Messiah His Generation was such as cannot be declared he was born at Bethlehem of the Tribe of Judah of the Family of David about 490 years after the return from Captivity When the Scepter was just now departed from Juda. He performed not only the Substance of the Prophesies but all the Circumstances foretold concerning the Life and Death of the Messiah 1. He was to be a Prophet and so he was The Spirit of the Lord anointed him to preach and he spake as never man spake He foretold many things to come they all bare him witness 2. He was to be a King and so he was His Name was Wonderful his Power was shewen throughout the universal System of the World the Angels good and evil the Heavens Elements Plants Fishes Brutes Health and Sickness Life and Death were all obedient unto his Word 3. He was to be a Priest and so he was He made an Atonement by his Obedience and by his sufferings to the least punctilio to the taking of a little Vinegar and when all things were fulfilled He cryed with a loud voice 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it is finished and he bowed his head and gave up the Ghost Moreover for the Justification of his Gospel and that he might leave no place for Infidelity he rose again from the dead appeared to many convinced them by all their Senses They saw him They heard him They felt his hands and his side They Eat and Drank with him They Conversed with him 40 dayes He was seen by more then 500 at once and lastly in the sight of Many of them he Ascended Visibly into Heaven These were some of the Testimonies which our Lord Christ bare to himself 3 The time would fail me if I should speak of all the Testimonies given by the Holy Spirit In his Conception to Mary fulfilling the Promise of Gabriel Before his Nativity to Zachary and Elizabeth in his Infancy to Simeon and Hanna in his Baptism to John I knew him not saith John but he that sent me to baptize said unto me upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending and resting on him that is he and I saw the Spirit descending Throughout his whole Ministry till his Death the Spirit gave witness to him Moreover in his Resurrection he was declared the Son of God with power by the Holy Ghost After his Ascension the Holy Ghost fulfilled all his undertakings in that Grand Manifestation at Pentecost at the time and place which Christ had undertaken for A manifestation made to all the Senses and to men of every nation under heaven Parthians besides a Multitude of other Instances Such were the Attestations given to Christ the Author and finisher of our faith 2. And for the Apostles the Promulgers of it besides the Change of their Spirits from darkness to light Whereby they were led out of Ignorance and Infidelity into all Truth And from torpid and pusillanimous persons during thelife of their Master they became when he was dead the most active and magnanimousin the world I say besides this Change They had bestowed upon them All things necessary either for their 1. Own Assurance or for the 2. Conviction of the World Concerning the truth of the Gospel which they delivered 1. As for themselves besides the Conversation with their Master before and after his Resurrection they had 1. Apparitions of Angels And to one of them Christ himself appeared after he was ascended to his father 2 They had the Bath Kol Voices from Heaven In the 9 of the Acts we find a Voice from Heaven maintaining a Dialogue with Paul and at another time a voice saying to Peter Arise Peter Kill and Eat 3. They had extatical Visions Peter was in a trance Act 10. 10 19. Paul rapt up to the third heaven 4. They had monitory Dreams Paul saw a man in a Dream saying unto him Come into Macedonia and help us 5. They had Impulses of the Spirit So Paul was forbid by
that you would but reflect a little upon your souls and consider how many wandring thoughts have broken in upon your minds since I began to speak of this important Subject You might save me the labour of further speaking and raise your selves to that which I endeavour I fear you might find among your sacred thoughts a mixture of others very unsuitable your envious your ambitious your covetous your idle thoughts All these are the matter of our future Judgment and however they slightly pass us here they are noted in the Book of God and when that Book shall be opened they will be charged on our account Thou tellest my wanderings saith the Psalmist Are not these things noted in thy Book I have already said enough to take up the consideration of the remainer of our time But our hearts being too heavy and our ears too dull of hearing to be moved with generals I must crave leave that I may be permitted to run over the heads of some particulars Thou must give an account of all things committed to thee Inward or Outward Natural or Spiritual thy senses and thy understanding thine Outward and thine Inward faculties If thou hast been at a constant covenant with thine eyes and hast never suffered them to rove in loose disorders If thou hast bowed thine ears to discipline and never let them open to vain entertainments If thy taste hath been moderated by the necessities of nature and the laws of temperance and never let loose according to the lust of Riot If thy hands have been wholly imployed in the works of God and never been instruments to the machinations of the Devil If thy speech have never uttered any idle words but ever administred grace to the hearers If thy feet have only traced the ways of God and never stood in the way of sinners What hath been the exercise of thine inward faculties thine Apprehensions and thine Appetite If thy fancie hath ever been imployed in administring help to thine understanding and never afforded incentives to thy vile affections If thy memory have been taken up with the things which God hath done and Christ hath suffered for thee and hath afforded no place to Ribaldry and vanity How thou hast ordered thine Anger and Concupiscence What have been the object measure and end and circumstances of thy love hatred desire aversion delight sadness hope despair fear boldness anger envie jealousie and compassion How thou hast managed thine understanding and improved thy contemplative and active principles If thou hast advanced in the discovery of eternal verities or herded with the beasts that perish If thou hast cherished the principles of thy Synteresis and the dictates and reflections of thy conscience and never rebelled against them How thou hast determined the freedom of thy Will in thy volition and intention thine election and consent fruition and duse when Good and Evil Life and Death have been set before thee How thou hast behaved thy self in Spirituals in gifts and graues If thou hast accepted that which hath been offered and improved what thou hast accepted or hid it in a Napkin In outward things how thou hast acquired and how thou hast managed thine Estate How thou hast behaved thy self in thy Relations publick and private in thy charge and in thy duty But the time would fail me to reckon up a considerable part of the exercises and objects of the wayes of the hearts of Men And now all these and many more are but the simple elements and common heads of our account Consider then O negligent and incogitant soul if thou couldst reckon up the ways of thy heart in any one of these kinds if thou couldst call to mind but every idle word whereof thou must give an account or thy motions upon every thing thou hast heard and remember in any one of these elements what thou hast done or else omitted Then tell me how wouldst thou find thy self possessed and how wouldst thou be disposed to Judgment Wouldst thou deem it needless or idle to call it betimes to thy remembrance Wouldst thou drive off thy thoughts of it to the time of sickness to the hour of death and rudely throw thy self upon it But then try and examine all these together contemplate a little upon the mixtures and combinations of them these will afford us many millions of millions of wayes far exceeding the varieties of the corporeal nature which proceed from the mixture of fewer elements so many as will utterly confound our thoughts to number Who can reckon up the wayes of the hearts of the children of Men Who can understand his errours And now that he that hath the World to uphold the Planets and Stars to guide the course of nature to maintain should keep a Register of our impertinencies and bring to Judgment all the wayes of Men the traces of a Ship in the Sea of a Serpent upon a Rock who hath believed our report we are apt to think it cannot be Surely he sees not these things Tush he cares not for them This is indeed the last resort of the treacherous hearts of men the grand imposture which resolves into a species of Atheism and Infidelity O but then if I shall use the language of the Scriptures I must call thee fool and beast to doubt of that which is plain and evident to disbelieve that which may be known This Article concerning the Judgment to come is not a problem of Philosophy to be disputed this way and that way with equal probability neither is it only an Article of faith but it is a principle of natural Theology the Scripture speaks of it under terms of greater evidence St. Paul reasoned with Felix he disputed with the Philosophers concerning it he speaks of the terror of Judgment under terms of certainty and of a kind of Demonstrative evidence Knowing the terror of the Law c. and hear in the Text it is not said Think or believe But know that for all these things God will bring thee to Judgment VI. He is a fool that hath said in his heart there is no God and he that thinks he hath no understanding may well be compared to the beasts that perish so sure as there is a God and that man hath an understanding soul so surely it may be known That for all these things c. For if there be a God he must be infinitely just and if so he must render to every one according to their actions and if not here then hereafter and if so he must bring them to Judgment But he doth it not here The ways of Providence seem to be promiscuous there is a wicked man to whom it happens according to the way of the righteous and a righteous man to whom it happens according to the way of the wicked Dives receives pleasure Lazarus pain therefore so sure as there is a God there will be a Judgment Again If man have an understanding soul he must have freedom
purer eyes than to behold iniquity that he will wound the head of his enemies and the hairy scalp of such an one as goes on still in his wickedness If a man will not turn he will whet his sword and bend his bow If a Nation will not repent then smite with thy hand stamp with thy foot and say alas for it shall fall by the sword by the famine and by the pestilence Now the general inference of all these is still the same this is still the Logick of the Scriptures Our God shall come and shall not keep silence wherefore consider this ye that forget God We must all appear before the judgement seat of Christ Knowing therefore the terrour of the Lord we perswade To this end we find the Lord sometimes disputing logically to convince and sometimes with divine and noble Oratory endeavouring to perswade sometimes by signal instances of pardoning mercies and of avenging judgements to induce men to repentance He speaks to their reason to their affections to their very senses 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Come now and let us reason together saith the Lord if ye be willing and obedient ye shall eat the good of the land if ye rebel ye shall be devoured Are not my ways equal are not your ways unequal Again He expostulates with them sometimes upon the principles of ingenuity Thus saith the Lord What iniquity have your fathers found in me that they are gone away from me O my people what have I done unto thee wherein have I wearyed thee Testifie against me O Israel what doth the Lord thy God require of thee Sometimes he expostulates upon the point of interest How long shall vain thoughts lodge in your hearts How long ye simple ones will ye love simplicity what will ye do in the end thereof Again he sets before us a multitude of glorious instances to shew that never any penitent was rejected however heinous however numerous were their sins The prodigal devoured his substance with harlots Mary Magdalen had seven Devils Peter denyed his Master with horrid oaths and imprecations Saul was exceedingly mad against him yet upon their repentance were accepted He had delivered Israel seven times and they forsook him and he said he would deliver them no more but they repented and his soul was straight-way grieved and he delivered them Instead of many consider that one instance of Manasses the evil son of good King Hezekiah He set up altars for Baalim and worshipp'd all the host of heaven Altars in the court of the temple an idol in the very temple he caused his sons to pass through the fire he observed times used inchantments dealt with familiar spirits and with wizards made Judah and Jerusalem to do worse than the heathen And the Lord spake to him and he would not hear After all this in his afflictions he humbled himself and then God was intreated and heard his supplication His ways are not as our ways He forgave Nineveh and Jonah was displeased exceedingly he taxes him with easiness in relenting he charges him as if he had an ancient known infirmity of flexibility to his veracity and the honour of his Prophets Lord saith he was not this my saying and therefore I prevented it to flee to Tarshish for I knew that thou art merciful therefore take I beseech thee my life from me His thoughts are not as our thoughts when Nathan had told David a story of a poor man who had his ewe Lamb ravished from him then David was exceeding wroth and he swore As the Lord liveth the man that hath done this thing shall surely dye But when David who had taken Bathsheba and murthered Vriah said I have sinned Nathan said unto David The Lord hath put away thy sin thou shalt not dye On the other side we have instances of horrible judgements for Impenitency whereof I shall after take occasion to speak Now considering all these things is it not strange that men should not repent That no consideration of ingenuity or of interest should move them to it That neither the Law written in their hearts nor that which was delivered by the mediation of Angels nor the Gospel given us by the Son of God should bring them to it That neither reason nor experience neither mercies nor judgements neither the sweetness of a good conscience nor the torments of a bad the beauties of vertue nor the deformity of sin the shortness of life nor length of eternity the lightness of things present nor the exceeding weight of those which are to come That neither Death nor Life nor Angels nor Trumpets nor things present nor thing to come nor height nor depth nor any other thing should be able to separate men from the love of sin Is it not strange The Apostles the Prophets were astonished at this nay God himself seems to be affected with wonder Hear Oheavens and give ear O earth Be astonished O ye heavens and be horribly afraid they have for saken me This is that wonder considered in it self according to common reason the object of our first observation drawn from the form and manner of the words by way of Epiphonema expressed by the particle yet yet they repented not II. The second Observation was taken from the matter of the words However such impenitency is very strange to common reason considered in the Theory yet it is too frequent in practice and in common experience The rest of the men repented not This is that grand contradiction that fatal paradox of the life of man His very being consists in rationality his acting is contrary to all the reason in the world Man only was created under the Law of Reason man only maintains a constant opposition to the law and reason of his creation He appointed the moon for certain seasons and the sun knoweth his going down The blustring winds the raging storms the unruly Ocean the Lyon the Tiger and the Bear these all pursue the law of their creation these all are obedient unto his word charmed to it by that powerful voice whereby they were created Man only stops his ears and refuses to hear the voice of this Almighty charmer charm he never so wisely so loudly or so variously The general ways and methods of his charming have been already mentioned I am now to lay before you the general success of those methods The success 1. Of his word and his messengers 2. Of his works of 1. Mercy 2. Judgement Single Intermixed 1. For the success or rather the unsuccessfulness of his word for the entertainment or rather the barbarous usage of his messengers how often do we find God and his Prophets Christ and his Apostles complaining and as it were fretting themselves with indignation As for the word sometimes they will not hear it More than seven times Jeremy complains almost in the very same words
Declarations Commendations Exhortations concerning being not ashamed 2. I pass therefore to the second thing propounded to enquire what is the special Object of these Prejudices or what are those things contained in the Gospel whereof in an especial manner it is imagined that we ought to be ashamed Though the whole System of the Gospel lies under Prejudices yet not all parts of it alike some more than other and some by reason of the other The whole Gospel is generally dividable into 1. Historical Narrations 2. Moral Institutions and Motives 3. Dogmatical Mysteries These are delivered sometimes distinctly and severally and sometimes they are combined and mixed together That there was such a person as Christ that he was born of Mary that Joseph was his reputed Father The manner of his Life and of his Death his Actions and his Teachings are matters meerly Historical That this reputed Son of Joseph was indeed the Son of God conceived by the Holy Ghost born of a Virgin and the like have in them a Combination of the Mystery together with the History of the Gospel I stand not to shew how the Morality is sometimes simply delivered and sometimes in Combination with the Mysterious parts of the Gospel 1. Now concerning those parts of the Gospel which are merely and simply Historical and Moral I suppose they cannot be here intended Because that to such persons as the Romans were men pretending to Reason and Philosophy they afford no colour for an imagination that a Minister or Christian ought to be ashamed Supposing the truth of what is there delivered whereof I have spoken heretofore what was there in the Birth or Life or Death the Conversation or Actions ordinary or extraordinary of Christ or his Apostles whereof in the opinion of a Philosopher a Christian ought to be ashamed Was it the meanness of Christs Nativity That he was the reputed Son of Joseph who was of a mean and despicable Occupation Was it that he lived an Ambulatory kinde of life teaching and disputing concerning good and evil happiness and unhappiness in the Synagogues and in the Temple and the Streets and Markets and in the Wilderness every where Preaching the Doctrine of the Kingdom Or lastly Was it because of the occasion and manner of his Death because he was Condemned and Executed by his Countrey-men upon an accusation of corrupting the People and making an Innovation in Religion upon pretence of holding intercourse with God Every one of these circumstances had been coincident in Socrates long before the time of the writing of this Epistle to the Romans He was the Son of Sophroniscus as poor a man as Joseph a Carver of Images in Stone his Mother was a Midwife His Conversation was Ambulatory discourfing and reasoning at all times and in all places in Academia in Lycaeo in Foro in places of walking and of publick Exercise when he ate or drank or played in the Camp the Market or the Prison with all the men he met withall concerning Virtue and Vice and the summum bonum concerning Wisdom and Folly And he had been condemned and executed by the Athenians upon the very same pretences which were objected against our Saviour Yet all these disadvantages had not hindred Socrates at that time after about 500 years from the Admiration and almost Adoration of all men pretending to Philosophy and Wisdom not only amongst all the rest of the Gentile World but even amongst the Romans also And therefore the mere Historical part of the Gospel could minister no colour of suspicion why a Minister or a Christian should be ashamed of it 2. Moreover the same may be said of those parts of the Gospel which are merely Practical and Moral The Precepts concerning Piety and Justice and Temperance in all the several branches of them and the motives to them The Morality of the Gospel infinitely excells the Institutions of any of the Heathen Philosophers all that they could object against it was its too great purity and holiness that it puts a violence and stretch upon Humane Nature causing men to strain after degrees of purity and sanctity unpracticable and unattainable It excells all the Precepts and Institutes of the Jews Christ made a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 even of the Moral Law of Moses and tells us that the Righteousness of Christians must exceed the Righteousness of the Scribes and Pharisees and the Apostle comparing the entire Systems of the Mosaical and Christian Oeconomies in reference to Christian Duties and the motives to them justly pronounces that the Christian hath received a better Covenant founded upon better Promises 3. It remains therefore that the peculiar and special Object of those Prejudicate imaginations whereby it is concluded that Ministers and Christians ought to be ashamed are the Articles of mere Belief Dogmatical Mysteries of the Gospel At the expence of your time and patience in a long discourse to tell you what are the Mysteries of the Gospel were to suppose that in compliance with the barbarity of later times you had neglected to be instructed in your Catechism and had need that one should teach you what are the first Elements of Christianity My design engages me no further than only to name them and that also very briefly In the two first Chapters to the Corinthians we finde our Apostle handling this Argument largely and ex professo And there he reduces the whole mystery to two words namely the Cross of Christ he tells them that he was sent to Preach and not to Baptize that this was that which Christ sent him to Preach and that he determined to know nothing else among them but Jesus Christ and him Crucified and in Chap 1. v. 23. he declares this to have been the occasion of the Scandal taken both by Jews and Gentiles I Preach Christ Crucified to the Jews a stumbling-block c. The Scandal taken was against the Mysteries of the Gospel and the Nature and Mediatorian Office the Character and Personal Concernment of Christ and work of Redemption by his blood spilt upon the Cross are the two great and comprehensive heads to which the whole Mystery of the Gospel is easily naturally and immediately reducible The Justification Sanctification entire Oeconomy of the salvation of man depends immediately upon the work of Redemption by the blood of Christ. The value and efficacy of his blood resolves into the Excellency of his Person and of his Nature That he was the Son of God the Father Conceived by the Holy Ghost which Father Son and Holy Ghost are one So that in the last resolution the conjunction of the Divine and Humane Natures in the Unity of the Person of Christ and the Trinity of Persons in the Unity of the Nature of the Godhead is the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Gospel And this is also the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that great thing whereof it is imagined that a Christian or a Preacher ought to be ashamed
Apollinaris and of late days Socinus and others have well asserted the truth of the Scripture-History who yet have been offended at the dogmatical parts of the Gospel and concerning the Faith have made shipwrack In Opposition to these I shall endeavour to demonstrate that Supposing Matters of Fact to be truly related in the New Testament it is unreasonable to suspect the truth of any of the Doctrines delivered by Christ or his Apostles Amongst the various fancies concerning Religion wherewith the whole world hath been always embroiled Two things there are wherein all the Sons of Adam have agreed namely 1. That that is to be believed which hath received the testimony of God And 2. That this Testimony is to be gathered from instances of supernatural Wisdom and Power In the study of natural and Philosophical Theology the Speculativi amongst the Greeks and Romans and other Nations sought after wisdom Reason and Demonstration But to reduce the People to the forms of religious Rites and Sacrifices prescribed them they were made to believe the Epiphanies of the Gods and the manifestations of their Wisdom and Power by Oracles and Works supernatural To these even Mahomet pretended though his great Argument was from the Sword and of the Jews I need not speak For a Foundation of Religion and in our inquisition after that short of this Testimony we ought not to stay further we cannot go And herein is the utmost of humane wisdom to consider well those Evidences upon which we adventure the interest of our eternity To this evidence therefore we appeal in asserting the Doctrine of our Lord Christ and his Apostles Namely to the instances of Supernatural Knowledge and Supernatural Power whereby their Doctrine was attested I shall not here wave the force but I shall decline the repetition of what I have formerly spoken concerning the attestations given to it by Visible Signs Audible Voices Apparitions of Angels Fulfilling the Prophecies Evidences of Christs Resurrestion Mission of the Holy Ghost In Joh. 7. 15. the Jews wondred at Christ that he knew any thing How knoweth this man Letters seeing he never learned tbem but if we mark the Scriptures we shall find that he knew all things and that nothing was withdrawn from the reach of his understanding He knew the sickness and death of Lazarus though absent and at a distance He saw Nathaniel under the Fig-tree and convinced him that he was the Son of God and the King of Israel Come see a man said the Woman of Samaria which told me all things that ever I did is not this the Christ He was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The secret murmurs at his hard sayings the inward desires to ask him Questions the Reasonings and dialogisms of the hearts of his Disciples the secret Councils of the Scribes and Pharisees their evil surmisings their treacherous intentions to intrap him their mental Blasphemy were all naked and manifest before him He knew what was in man and needed not that any one should tell him He knew the various Kinds of Devils and how they were to be ejected This Kind cometh not out but by Prayer and Fasting He knew the Fishes of the Sea and where they were and what was in them He knew not only things past and present but to come He foresaw all things that were to come upon him who it was that should betray him he foretold his Disciples all the circumstances of his Passion how he was to be Betrayed Condemned delivered to the Gentiles mocked scourged spit on kill'd and Crucified at Jerusalem Behold saith he I tell you before Let this saying sink into your hearts He forewarned Peter of his denyal and the Disciples of their flight He foretold things to come aster his death the time and manner of the destruction of Jerusalem The success of his Gospel the Effect unlikely of his Crucifixion that it should draw all men after him that it should be preached and believed in the whole world spreading it self like Leaven and like a grain of Mustard-seed that Satans Kingdom should be destroyed suddenly like lightning notwithstanding the false Christs and false Prophets which should arise These and many more were instances of the supernatural knowledge of Christ And for his power the time would fail me to insist upon the many and various instances mentioned in the Gospels I shall omit the exercise of his dominion over the Sun Moon and Stars Plants and Animals Earth and Water the Wind and the Sea and briefly mind you of those which concerned the bodies of men how he 1. Fed their hunger 2. Healed their distempers 3. Raised their dead and 4. Cast out Devils He fed 4000 at one time and 5000 at another with 5 or 7 Loaves and a few little Fishes He healed the blind lame deaf dumb maimed feaverish hydropical paralytick leprous and lunatick persons He cured not green wounds only but ancient inveterate Maladies of 12 of 38 years continuance one that was born blind He used no Plasters nor Potions no Telesmans or other Charms but performed all these things by a touch of his Hand or of his Garment He healed absent persons as well as present he spoke the word only and they were healed He raised to life the Daughter of Jairus the Widows Son at Naim his Friend Lazarus and many bodies of the Saints Many of which healed and raised persons lived till about Trajan's time as Quadratus a Disciple of the Apostles affirmed in his Apology to Hadrian the Emperour Like a strong man armed he cast out Devils whatever kind they were of he quickly disloged them that foaming and tearing Devil which withstood the power of his Disciples and threw down and tore the possessed person even as he was yet coming to Christ himself he presently rebuked and healed the child and delivered him to hts Father Neither their long possession nor their numbers could secure them he cast seven at once out of Mary Magdalen and an whole Legion out of a certain man of the Countrey of the Gadarens who had been possessed by them a long time Moreover for attestation to the truth of his Gospel he delegated all this power to others to the 12 Apostles to the 70 Disciples He bequeathed it to Believers at his death and they also received and exercised this supernatural power I have given a few instances of the Supernatural Wisdom and Power of Christ solitarily considered The History of the Gospel affords us many Examples wherein they were gloriously combined By his Knowledge he foretold his Resurrection he performed it by his Power By his Divine Understanding he foresaw his Ascension and by the Power of his Divinity he ascended He ascended and by his power he fulfilled the Predictions and Promises which he had made He sent down the Holy Spirit and shed forth the gifts of supernatural
among all their neighbours round about Cursed shall they be in the wife of their bosom and cursed in the fruit of their body The Lord shall smite them with a consumption and with a feaver with an inflammation and with an extreme burning He shall smite them with the botch of Egypt and with the Emerods and with the scab and with the itch with a botch that cannot be healed from the sole of the foot to the crown of the head Their carcase shall be meat for the fowls of the air and for the beasts of the earth and no man shall fray them away 2. Moreover he shall pour out spiritual judgements upon them he shall give them over to the wickedness of their hearts he shall let them alone that they may commit sin with greediness He shall send upon them a spirit of blindness and hardness of heart a spirit of slumber and carnal security Then when they have filled up the measure of their enormities he shall smite them with madness and astonishment with terrours of conscience and desperation His arrows shall stick fast in them and his hand shall press themsore there shall be no health in their bodies because of his displeasure nor any rest in their bones by reason of there sin The iniquity of their heels shall take hold upon them the terrours of death shall compass them about and the flouds of their ungodliness shall make them afraid Every man that sees me shall slay me said cursed Cain my punishment is greater than I can bear I have slain a man in mine anger and a young man to my wounding If Cain shall be avenged seven fold surely Lamech seventy times seven Hearken unto me ye wives of Lamech They shall be weary of life and wish for death and hasten sometimes to break off their torments by tragical and fearful ends Fall thou upon me and slay me saith desparing Saul Behold anguish is upon me because my life is whole in me Away with the wages of iniquity cryed despairing Judas and he betook himself to the fatal halter and the tree 3. Yet all these are to the finally impenitent but the beginnings of sorrow the praeludium to those unutterable miseries which are eternal to the worm which dyeth not to the fire which never shall be quenched to utter darkness and everlasting burnnings For they go down quick into hell As it is with persons so it is with Nations when their iniquitie is full when once they have filled up the measure of their abominations if none of all his methods will bring them to repentance if they will not humble themselves if they will not fear if they will not turn from their evil ways he will set his face against them to destroy them He will pour out blindness upon them also and the things belonging to their peace shall be hid from their eyes He will do to them as he did to Shilo he will take away their light he will come quickly and remove the candlestick out of its place He will give them over to the career and swinge of their abominations Ephraim is joyned to idols let him alone Though it be with violence to his nature though it be with reluctancy to his inclination O Ephraim how shall I give thee up O Ephraim yet their numbers shall not defend them their privileges shall not excuse them from destruction Though Coniah were as the signet upon my right hand yet would I pluck thee thence Though Ephraim is his dear son though Israel be a pleasant child though Judah is a pleasant plant yet if they will not frame their doings to turn unto the Lord therefore shall Israel and Ephraim fall in their iniquities and Judah also shall fall with them Though Noah Daniel and Job were there they shall deliver neither son nor daughter but their own souls only For unnatural and extraordinary rebellions he hath supernatural and extraordinary judgements The windows of heaven were opened the cataracts were poured forth and drowned the old world Fire descended and brimstone came down from heaven and consumed the Cities of Sodom and Gomorrha The earth opened and swallowed up Dathan and covered the congregation of Abiram The Sun stood still till Joshua was avenged of the Lords enemies The stars in their courses fought against Sisera For the usual and ordinary impenitency of Nations he hath his three fold national scourge his judgements in ordinary The famine the pestilence and the sword Sometimes he breaks the staff of bread and they shall eat bread by weight and with care and they shall drink water by measure and with astonishment that they may want bread and water and consume away in their iniquity Their seed shall be rotten under the clods their garners desolate their barns broken down their beasts shall groan their cattle shall be perplexed the flocks of sheep shall be made desolate They shall eat their children of a span long they that did feed delicately shall be desolate in the streets they that were brought up in scarlet shall imbrace dunghils Sometimes he sends forth his Plague 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the raging and the noisome pestilence the pestilence that walketh in darkness the plague that destroyeth at noon day He scatters infection like lightning he casts forth his Contagion and tears them in a moment he shoots his poyson'd arrows and consumes them Sometimes he gives commission to the sword to revenge the quarrel of his covenant by intestine rebellions or forreign invasions He suffers a fawning Absalom to steal away the hearts of the people from their Sovereign or a cursed Sheba to blow a trumpet and cry To your tents O Israel He permits a spirit of giddiness of fears and jealousies and of fanatick wildness to inrage whole Nations to tear the womb that bare them to destroy them and their king He causes nation to rise against nation and kindom against kingdom He calls in the families of the North he hisses for the Assyrian the rod of his anger Behold saith our Saviour the day is coming when thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee and compass thee on every side Then all things shall be filled with plunder and confusion and garments roll'd in bloud Her stately Palaces her goodly Temple shall be destroyed The thorns shall come up in her palaces nettles and brambles in the fortresses thereof and it shall be an inhabitation for dragons and a court for owls The satyre shall cry to his fellows the owle and the vulture to his mate the scrichowle shall make its nest there Faunes and satyres shall dance there Babylon is fallen it is fallen Jerusalem is a place for dragons Behold the reward of obstinate and final impenitency behold the portion reserved for the persons in the Text. When neither interest nor ingenuity judgements nor mercies could work upon them when six Angels could
be collected It remains that we consider the imprudence of it O foolish people and unwise III. I may not I need not insist long upon this Argument There are as I conceive but these five suppositions which possibly might exempt them from the censure of the text 1. If their God were like the gods of the heathen and did not know their behaviour toward him Or 2. If he were the God of Epicurus and did not resent it Or 3. If they could escape from him Or 4. If they could excuse themselves to him Or 5. If they were able to support themselves against him If none of these were in the case they will stand convicted of horrible imprudence it will then be manifest that they were a foolish people and unwise Of these things briefly 1. Did not God know their behaviour The Psalmist indeed tells of a brutish people which wrought all manner of wickedness and yet they said The Lord shall not see it neither shall the God of Jacob regard it But O ye fools saith he when will ye be wise He that planted the ear shall he not hear He that formed the eye shall not he see He that teacheth man knowledge shall not he know The Lord knoweth the thoughts of men The eyes of the Lord run to and fro through the whole earth beholding the evil the good For the ways of man are before the eyes of the Lord and he pondereth all his goings He penetrates all things and searches all things If they say per-adventure the darkness shall cover them then shall the night be turned into day the darkness is no darkness with him but the night is as clear as the day 2. But it may be though he knew their behaviour yet he did not concern himself about them it may be he did not much resent their dealings with him Neither if they be righteous is he the better neither if they be wicked is he the worse Thy wickedness may hurt a man as thou art and thy righteousness may profit the son of man but if thou sinnest what dost thou against him and if thy transgressions be multiplied what dost thou unto him Nay but did not he concern himself for them what meaned then the sounding of his bowels toward them what mean such pathetical exclamations as these O that there were such an heart in them that they would keep my Commandments always that it might be well with them and with their seed for ever Again O that they were wise that they understood this that they would consider their latter end O that they had hearkened what iniquity have they sound in me Did not he resent it when they made the calf He said Behold I have seen this people and it is a stiff-necked people let me alone that I may blot out their name from under Heaven When they murmured I will come in the midst of them in a moment and consume them at once When they rebelled against Moses Get you up from among them that I may consume them in a moment When they tempted him and questioned his power He heard it and was wroth and greatly abhorred Israel Many a time would he have destroyed them had not Moses stood in the gap to turn aways his anger 3. But possibly for all this there might be some way to escape from him and to conveigh themselves out of the sphere of his activity There have been those who have conceived the God of Israel to be a topical God a God of the mountains only and that the valleys were out of his power and jurisdiction true but because the Syrians said that he was not God of the valleys he delivered them into the hands of Israel who slew a hundred thousand foot-men in one day Nay but Behold the Heaven of Heavens cannot contein the God of Israel he filleth all things Shall they escape for their wickedness Whither can they go then from his Spirit or whither can they flee from his presence If they could ascend into Heaven he is there if they could make their bed in hell behold he is there 4. But though they cannot escape out of his reach possibly they may plead something in excuse of their doings which may mitigate his indignation perhaps they were ignorant that God was concerned ignorant of his will and of his ways they had no instruction they had no warning of their danger But I say unto them Had they no Caveats Take heed saith Moses keep thy soul diligently lest thou forget the things which thine eyes have seen When thou shalt have eaten and be full then bew are lest thou forget the Lord thy God Had they no memento's How often doth God command them to bind his precepts and his prodigies for a sign and a token and a memorial upon their hands for frontlets between their eyes to write them upon their posts and their gates to teach them their children lest they should forget them Did they not know I call heaven and earth to record this day against you saith Moses that I have set before you life and death blessing and cursing Had they no warnings of their danger If thou do forget I denounce this day that thou shalt surely perish and this song was made to testifie against them Had they not heard had they not seen Yes that which had not been heard and seen since the foundation of the world from one side of the heavens to another Did ever people hear the voice of God speaking out of the midst of the fire and live They saw Thundrings and Lightnings Noise Trumpet Mountain smoaking Moses and Aaron Nadab and Abihu the Seventy Elders the Nobles the People saw the Lord and the sight of the glory of God was like devouring fire on the top of the mount in the eyes of the children of Israel so that they were without excuse 5. And the only remaining consideration is this whether they were able to resist the Lord to support themselves against him or at leastwise to endure the utmost of his indignation What is their hope that they behave themselves proudly that they kick against the Lord or wherein lies their confidence that they rebell against him Who art thou O man that strivest against God Canst thou overturn immensity or circumvent omniscience or grapple with omnipotence The Lord is a man of war great and terrible is his name who can stand before him when he is angry Behold the Nations are as the drop of the bucket and are counted as the small dust of the ballance he taketh up the Isles as a very little thing all Nations are counted to him as Grashoppers nay less than vanity and nothing Where were they when the foundations of the world were laid and a line was stretched upon it Can they command the thunder or furnish out the lightnings or bring to their assistance the stormy