into the hands of his Excellency the Lord Ambassador and General Lockhart who was by his Highness declared Governour of the same and took possession of it with four English Regiments which compose the Garrison thereof and serve to defend the Fort Mardike and the new Fort Royal begun by the Spaniards on the Channel of Burges and perfected by the English now called Olivers Fort. The Inhabitants of which place are so much taken with the superabundancy of the generosity and goodness of their said Governour his Excellency the Lord Lockhart as that they repent themselves to have so much listned to the Spanish false perswasions and fears which they possessed them with that they should be cruelly and inhumanely treated by the English purposely to make them resist the longer It had been well they had had so much care of their Souls as they perswaded them they had of their Goods and Fortunes But it would be too great a conquest to pretend joyntly to overcome both the Consciences of men and their Town to boot the first is Gods due and the other Caesars And we may observe in Alexander the Great whensoever his Forces became Master sof any place he would alwayes sacrifice to the Gods of the Countrey thereby to gain the Inhabitants hearts and to induce their Gods to become propitious to him Numa Pompilius was a King before he was a Priest and although the Almighty hath imprinted in all men a particular inclination to adore him yet however as concerning the manner of worshipping him Policy alwayes preceded Religion and ever kept the upper hand over her as much as she possibly could King Henry the Fourth of France was a Protestant whilst he had overcome his Enemies but as soon as he was settled in the Throne and that he was to Reign as King he seemingly returned Papist and said That the Kingdome of France and City of Paris was worth a going to Mass But when as superstitious and zealous spirits counselled him to prosecute and pursue the Protestants he answered That so long as they remained faithful and true to him and continued to stand by and serve him as they were wont he would be as much a Father and Protector unto him as unto the rest of his good Subjects These Maximes are general and common and admit of no distinctions save in Schools nor need the Spaniards with all their Hypocrisie and Pious malice to doubt but that France and England understanding each other well enough and that the English themselves are prudent enough to avoid that which may prejudice them and to tollerate whatsoever may advance and further their conquests and beget a love and esteem of their government But to return to our former subject again as we have oft before alledged the joyes of this World are alwayes for the most part mingled with some allayes of sorrow the Almighty being willing to keep us mindful that there are no perfect felicities to be enjoyed here on earth and that its onely in heaven we are to expect an intire and perpetual Contentment and Bliss Wherefore the Laurels of the Victory obtained against the Spaniards and of the taking of the Town of Dunkirk were soon withered and the joyes abated by the interposing of the Cypress-tree which death planted upon the Tomb of the Illustrious and most generous Lady Cleypoll second Daughter to his late Highness who departed this mortal life to a more glorious and eternal one on the sixth day of August this present year a fatal prognostication of a more sensible ensuing loss For even as Branches of trees being cut and lopped in an ill season do first draw away the sap from the tree and afterwards cause the body thereof to dry up and dye In like manner during the declining age of his late Highness an ill season in which men usually do as it were reap all their consolation from the youth and vigor of their Children wherein they seem to ruine by degrees as they draw near to their death it unfortunately fell out that this most illustrious Daughter the true representative and lively Image of her Father the Joy of his Heart the Delight of his Eyes and the Dispenser of his Clemency and Benignity dyed in the flower of her age which struck more to his heart then all the heavy burthens of his Affairs which were onely as a pleasure and pastime to his great Soul So great a power hath Nature over the dispositions of generous Men when the tye of Blood is seconded by love and vertue This generous and noble Lady Elizabeth therefore departed this World in despite of all the skill of Physicians the Prayers of those afflicted persons whom she had relieved and the vows of all kinde of Artists whom she cherished But she dyed an Amazonian-like death despising the Pomps of the Earth and without any grief save to leave an afflicted Father perplex'd at her so sudden being taken away she dyed with those good Lessons in her mouth which she had practised whilest she lived And if there be any comfort left us in her death it is the hope we have That her good Example will raise up the like inclinations in the remainder of her Sisters whom Heaven hath yet left us I shall not at all speak of her Funerals for if I might have been credited all the Muses and their God Apollo should have made her an Epicedium and should have appeared in mourning which should have reached from the top of their Mount Parnassus to the bottom of the valley thereof But if this illustrious Personages death received not the Funeral Rites which all great Wits were bound to pay it at least the Martial men did evidence that the disgrace lay not at their doors but that they ought to reap all the glory since they were not backward to continue to brave and affront dangers in the behalf of an illustrious and glorious Cause wherefore the sad tydings of this noble Personages death touched the gallant English to the heart seeing they were bereaved of their English Pallas and of their Jupiters Daughter they therefore accused the Destinies for intrenching upon their Priviledges and evidenced that it appertained not alone unto them to dispose of the lives of men Their wrath therefore discharged it self on the first Objects which presented themselves to their eyes and the harmless Spaniards were so many Victims offered up to this Amazons shrine and as if Graveling had been her stake they were so eagerly bent to fire the Enemies out of the same as that the Spaniards were constrained to open their gates to give vent to the fire and flame which suffocated them and surrendered themselves to the Conquering French Army to whose share that place fell and by whose force it was solely gained As Physicians do agree that extreme Joy causeth Death as well as excessive Grief so may we likewise say That both these violent Passions united together must needs destroy the strongest person on earth
reflect on the loss he had sustained and how requisite it was for Princes and great Potentates to retain near their Persons Men of Knowledge Worth and Fidelity and calling to minde the action and discourse of Williams conceiving that it could not proceed but from a great soul endowed with extraordinary vertues and such a one as might be useful and serviceable to him he sent for him up to Court and commanding him to take the name of Cromwel upon himself unto whom he had testified so much Fidelity and Gratitude he invested him with all the Offices and Charges the late Lord Thomas Cromwel enjoyed near his person and re-instated him again in all his Goods and Lands which had been confiscated so that the Lord Williams assisted in the Kings Councel as his Father in Law the Lord Thomas Cromwel before had done From this Noble Lord Williams alias Cromwel and the Illustrious Daughter of the renowned Lord Thomas Cromwel his late Highness and our present Lord Protector are lineally descended in whom the Almighty hath raised up and ripened those generous vertues of their predecessors and hath elevated and spread their branches as high as their deep roots had taken profound and vigorous Foundations So that to compleat our parallel we may observe by the fruits of this Illustrious Stock from whence his late Highness is descended whether they retained their accustomed Generosity and Clemency which we will not go about to prove by the Military Acts in which they have outvied their Predecessors nor by their Politick and prudent Government of the State in which they have at least equalized them but by their private and domestick actions since the resemblance of Children to their Parents may be more observed by the Features of the Face then by the course of their lives which are subject to vary either by the inconstancy of Fortune or the Communication of other men To come therefore to his late Highness the Lord Protector and signalize his gratitude we shall instance in the person of one Duret a French attendant of his Highness during his General-ship who served him with so much Fidelity and Zeal as that he intrusted him with the managing and conduct of the greatest part of his domestick Affairs alwayes retaining him nigh his person bearing so great an affection towards him and reposing so entire a confidence in him as during his late Highness's great sickness which he had in Scotland and whereof it was thought he would have dyed he would not be served by any one nor receive any nourishment or any thing else that was administred unto him save from the hands of Duret who both day and night continued to watch by his Master tending him with a special care and assiduity not giving himself a Moments rest untill his late Highness had recovered his perfect health which long and continual watches of Duret and the pains he had taken in the administring unto his Master plunged him into a sad fit of sickness during which this faithful servant received all the acknowledgements which his good and zealous services had demerited his late Highness applying all the possible cures he could not onely by his commands but by his personal visits so oft as his urgent Affairs would permit him to comfort Duret and to see all things applyed that might conduce to his recovery but Durets hour being come he was content to lay down his life in his Masters service and the Physicians having quite given him over his late Highness would needs render him his last good offices by comforting him at his death by his sensibleness of his good services and the extream zeal and affection he had born to his person which although he could not requite unto him yet his Highness assured him he would manifest his acknowledgements thereof unto his Parents and Kindred Whereunto Duret replyed That the honour he had received in having served so good and great a Master and the glory he reaped in having laid down his life for the preservation of his Highness and of so good and glorious a Cause was extream satisfactory unto him in his death That he had a Mother and a Sister with some Kindred in France who were unworthy his Highness thoughts or reflecting on them however that he remitted them to his Highness gracious consideration And so Duret his good and faithful servant breathed his last In which contract of grief and resolution of acknowledgement his late Highness may be said to have harboured the same thoughts as Henry the Eighth did perswading himself that he had been the Author of Durets death though in a far innocenter way However his late Highness retained all the resentments and sensibleness of the acknowledgements and gratitude expressed by his generous predecessor the Lord Thomas Cromwel towards his dear Friend Frescobald For his late Highness immediately sent over For Durets Mother Sister and two Nephews out of France and would have the whole Family of the Durets to come and establish themselves here in England that he might the better manifest his Love and Gratitude in their persons towards his deceased faithful servant And whereas by reason of the continuance of the Scotch Wars his late Highness was at that time as it were confined to the North he wrote unto her Highness the now Lady Protectoress Dowager his wife that she should receive and use Durets Mother Sister and Allies accordingly as she praised the good offices of his deceased faithful servant to whose cares pains and watchings he owed the preservation of his own life and that she should proportion that kindnes which during his absence she should show unto them unto the love which she bore unto him insomuch that Durets Mother was by her Highness admitted into her own Family and seated at her own Table his Sister was placed in the rank and quality of a Maid of Honour to her Highness and his two Nephews were admitted to be her Highnesses Pages whereby the Almighty Crowned Durets good and faithful services towards his Master and his piety and observance towards his Mother and Sister whose onely support he was in his life time with the rich Flowers of Prosperity and with the Fruits of Fortune advancing them as fast as the sad destiny did his precipitated death And no sooner was his late Highness returned into England after the conquest of Scotland and the glorious Victory he had obtained at Worcester full freighted with the resplendency of his noble atchievements but he desired to see Durets Mother Sister and Nephews enquiring how they had been received and treated and whether they were well pleased to be in England and as soon as they appeared in his presence he could not retain his generous tears for the loss of Duret nor could he cease to testifie his inward grief for him comforting the good old Gentlewoman Mrs. Duret by the mouth of his Children who spake French telling her She had not lost her son although dead
December they appeared on the back of the Goodwins the English Fleet under General Blakes Command consisted but in two and forty Ships ill furnished wanting Men and all other Necessaries The greatest part of the best Ships having been rendred incapable of going forth to Sea whereas there was the greatest occasion to make use of them which happened either by the negligence or rather by the perfideousness and treachery and set Malice of some who at that time had the management of the Sea Affaires being over jealous that the Military Persons and Men of Action should grow too high and over-top them although afterwards God in his own time found out these men and caused them to give an account of these their pernitious aversnesse to the publicke Good of the Common-wealth and to the private interests of the particular Members thereof Hower the English notwithstandsting the Inequality of their Forces resolved to Launch out and fight them so that on the thirtieth of December being a very faire day both Fleets steering Westward encountred each other about eleven of the Clock in the Morning and began the Fight the English having the upper hand of the Wind of two and forty English Ships not one halfe of them engaged in the fight for want of men insomuch that twenty or two and twenty Ships bare the brunt of the puissant Holland Fleet. The Avant guard and the Victory two brave Frigats having been the whole day engaged in the midst of the Enemy firing from all sides got off in a very good Condition But towards the Evening the Garland carrying about forty pieces of Cannon was boorded at once by two great Dutch Ships which she manfully resisted till her Decks were quite unfurnished of men which having blowne up and finally being over powered on all sides was forced to yield The Bonaventure being a Merchant-man but a good Vessell going to relieve the Garland was clapt aboord by a Man of Warre and after she had severall times cleered her Decks of the Enemy which were gotten into her at length by the death of her Captaine who behaved himselfe stoutly she lost both Strength and Courage and so fell into the hands of her Enemies Meanwhile Generall Blake who Commanded the Triumph seeing this Disorder plunged into the thickest of his Enemies to rescue the Garland had his fore-Mast shot downe close by the Boord and was Clapt on Boord by the Enemy but having stoutly defended himselfe and severall times beaten them off againe he at length got cleare of them and went off with the rest of his Fleet onely with the losse of two Ships which cost the Dutch deare enough before they got them and after the fight two English Merchant-men falling casually into the Hollanders hands helped to make up the Friutes of this their great boasted of Victory over the English which being in it selfe but a small Check served onely to whet the Valour of the English and to edge them on with the more vehemency to dissipate that Ecclipse which had so lately over Clouded their wonted Glory Wherefore they made a very considerable Sea Equipage and fitted out with all speed a brave Fleet of the best and gallantest Ships as well to bring downe their Enemies Pride who were devoid of all Moderation after this their pretended Successe as to stop and silence the Murmurings and Clamour of the People against those who at that time held and guided the Reines of the State some of which behaved themselves so untoward that it could not be imagined save that by a base and vile black pollicy they intended together with the Ruine of Maratine Affaires to bring Destruction upon the whole LAND THE HISTORY OF OLIVER Lord Protector From his Cradle to his Tomb. HIs Highness at that time being General was as it were seized with a kinde of horrour by the very sense of these disorders which could not be excused either by reason of the disabillity of the Countrey of any misfortunes or ill accidents nor by any imprudence but were manifestly committed out of meer malice through a blinde zealous ambition His great soul did even reproach him inwardly for letting the honour of his Countrey as it were fall to the ground and that a Million of brave Merchants were suffered to run into perdition by default of a discreet Pilot to steer at the Helme which was so ill guided and although the Sea-affairs did not properly concerne him He conceived however that in case during the General Shipwrack he launched into the Main with some small Barks to save the grand Vessel and body of the State which was perishing he might do both a beneficial commendable and praise-worthy work He therefore believed that in Honour and Conscience he was bound to dive more narrowly into the secret of the Affairs and to employ the keenness of his Sword to set an edge upon the subtil Cabinet pens and mend their bluntness and dullness so that after the most requisite Orders for the arming and equipying of the Fleet had been issued out he hammered out some others for the better encouragement of the Sea-men in general as well Commanders and Soldiers as Mariners In reference whereunto it was ordered 1. That some musters should be advanced them to put themselves in a fit equipage to go to Sea and to leave a subsistence with theit families during their absence 2. That for every ship which was adjudged good prize in the Admiralty they should have two pounds per Ton and six pounds for every peece of Canon Brass or Iron as should be found in the said Vessels and the which should be equally distributed amongst them in relation to the Offices they bear in the Ship which had taken the said prize 3. That they should have ten pound for every peece of Cannon on board of such Ships as they should sink or destroy by firing or otherwise 4. That those who should enroll themselves before the forty dayes should be expired should receive a moneths pay as a gratuity which should not be put to accompt 5 That Hospitalls should be erected at Dover Deal and Sandwich for such sick and wounded Men as should be brought on shoar and that a Stock should be settled for their maintenance as also for the subsistence of such other sick and wounded men as by reason of their Diseases and Wounds could not be brought on shoar or should be too far from Hospitals Diverse other Ordinances of the like nature were also settled which did wonderfully encourage the Sea-men and Mariners so that toward the latter end of February 1653. the English put forth a puissant Fleet to Sea frighted with gallant men who were resolved to fight it out although at that time the Hollanders had made use of their best wits and stratagems and had negotiated almost with all the Nations of Europe to hinder the bringing into England any Pitch Tarr Masts and such other necessaries for the Navigation This brave Fleet being in a longing desire to
but rather follow the Run-awayes and so contented themselves to take the most considerable persons They chased the Scots as farre as Aire Town Colonel Carre himself was wounded and taken Prisoner together with his Captain-Leivtenant as well as his Lievtenant-Colonel and Major Straughon as for Captain Giffin and several other chief Officers of their party they came and voluntarily surrendred themselves up to Major Generall Lambert who brought them all with him to the Head quarters at Edinborough During all which the approaches against Edinborough Castle were continued but to speak the truth with little or no effect till the Moneth of December when as all the Troops which were dispersed up and down the Countrey were assembled and brought together by reason of the ill weather and sharp season which would not permit them any longer to keep the field and then they fell to work in earnest towards the reducing of the said Castle which is the strongest and most considerable of all that Countrey against which a Plat-form was raised to place the Morter-pieces and the great Guns on but those within relyed so much on the strength and goodnesse of the place that they hung out a Flagge of defiance but not long after they were glad to take it in again whereby it was conceived that the Morter-shells had done some execution and that thereby they were constrained to change their tune so that in lieu of their former Flagge they were glad to hang out a white one betokening Peace and likewise they sent out a Drummer to propound That they were resolved to yield if so be they might be permitted to send to the Deputy of the States which being refused them they desired to parley and so delivered up the place Moreover one of the most remarkable and essential parts of his Highnesse life was his ability in making choice of capable personages fit to serve the State as well by their Councels as for the managing of the wars and indeed herein the Parliament alwayes preferred his opinion and sence beyond all others having found by experience that his advice and counsells were accompanyed with a good fortune as his valour constrayned her to Crown his actions And on the other part Generall Blake who commanded the Common-wealths Fleet at Sea was no lesse successefull by Sea then his late Highnesse was by Land whose Naval Forces being anchored before Lisbone having taken several French and Portugal men of war which much endamaged the English Merchant-men especially those which traded to the Levant was obliged by ill weather and for want of provisions to quit that Coast and to leave the Port of Lisbone free During which Prince Rupert making use of this opportunity set sail towards Mallaga where he took burnt and pillaged severall English Merchant-men which obliged Admiral Blake to reduce his Fleet to seven of his best sailing Frigats and sending the rest into England with the Prizes which he had taken he pursued the Enemies with all possible speed diligence and being arrived at Mallaga he understood that they had made sail towards Alicant and in his search of them betwixt the Cape of Gat and Paulo he took a French Ship which carryed twenty Guns and presently afterwards the Roe-buck of Prince Ruperts Fleet after which he encountred with another called the Black Prince which rather then she would suffer her self to be taken ran on shore and fired her powder Some few dayes after four Vessels more of Prince Ruperts Fleet ran on shoare in the Bay of Carthagena where they were lost and deserted by their Ships Companies Insomuch that of all that Fleet there was but two left which steered their course toward Majorca and Sumaterra Generall Blake having thus missed them would no longer continue the pursuit lest the Common-wealth might need him on more urgent and important occasions so that he set over for England to receive the Laurels due to his good service having done as much as could be expected from a person of Honour and Courage alwayes faithfull and true to the Common-wealth He was received by the Parliament with all the prayse and thanks he could expect for his good service but especially by the Merchants who treated him highly and immediately revived the Trade again which had for so long time as it were layn dead by the interruptions of so many Enemies Notwithstanding which good successes the Royallists were not backwark to be stirring in England being incited thereunto by the Ministers of the old Church of England one of their Agents Benson being discovered was put to death So likewise in the County of Norfolk certain people made a rising and under the notion of abolishing Papisme Schismes and Heresies and of re-establishing the King they gathered to a head but the Parliament not giveing them time to get into a body they were routed and defeated and a score of them were put to death Much about which time there happened a contest at Constantinople betwixt two English Ambassadors the one a Royallist the other a Common-wealths-man and to know which was the true Ambassador they referred their businesse to the who delivered the Royallist into the others power to dispose of him as he pleased and in reference thereto he was imbarqued at Smyrna for London where he was beheaded before the Exchange But to return to Scotland where the cold Northern Climate seems to have buryed all the Martial heat although not the Scotch Ministers zeal who had excommunicated Straughon and Swinton for adhering to the English who performed in those parts as much as the rigour of the season would permit men to doe and the Scots on the other side laboured to unite and settle each others mindes and differences give order for new Levies and Crowned their King with the greatest magnificence as the indigency and necessity of their affairs would permit The Scots who were better accustomed to the rigour and violence of their Winters then the English thinking to have some advantage over them would not let slip so favourable a season without their making some good use thereof wherefore Lievtenant General David Lesly with a party of 800 Horse endeavoured to surprize Lithgoe maintained but by one Regiment of Horse under the Command of Colonel Sanderson but finding the English upon their guards were forced to return without any attempt at all And the English on the other side to let them see that the harsh season had not quite benummed them took the field with two Regiments one of Horse the other of Foot commanded by Colonel Fenwick and marched towards the taking of Hume Castle which was very strong by reason of its situation I have here inserted two Letters which passed between the Besiegers and the Besieged by reason that the one denotes an absolute power in the Countrey and the other bears an extraordinary style TO THE GOVERNOUR Of the CASTLE of HUME SIR HIs Excellency the Lord General Cromwell Hath commanded me to reduce to his Obedience the
Concernments the Parliament being desirous together with the Kings person to extirpate his Memory and to remove those Objects which might beget tenderness in the people who do alwaies bemoan the misfortunes of those whom before they hated Commanded that his Statues should be flung down whereupon that which stood on the VVest-end of St. Pauls Church in London was cast down and the other which was placed in the old Exchange placing this following Inscription in the Comportment above the same Exit tyrannus Regum ultimus Anno Libertatis Angliae restitutae primo Anno Domini 1648. Januarii 30. In like manner the Aâ—mes of the Crown of England which were placed in the Churches in the Courts of Judiciture and other publick places were taken down And the Common-weath being now as it seemed solidly established some neighbouring States who desired to be in Amity with Her sent their extraordinary Ambassadors over as namely the Hollanders Spain and Portugal and by the following Negociations the issues of the said Embassies will easily appear As to the Spanish Ambassador satisfaction was continually demanded of him for the Murther which was committed on the persons of this Common-wealths Agents at Madrid nor was this State at all satisfied with the Answer thereon returned That the Contestations between the King of Spain and his Clergy on that particular were not as yet reconciled or brought to naissue And as to the Portugal Ambassador great and vast summes being demanded of him for the reimbursement of those Charges which the King his Master had caused the Common-wealth to be at and for the reparation of those damages which the English Merchants had sustained He replyed he had no Orders to make Answer thereunto whereupon he had his Audience of departure and went his way Immediatly after this Common-wealth sent two extraordinary Ambassadors to the States of the united Provinces the Lords Oliver St. Johns and Walter Strickland Personages of a high repute and endowed with exquisite Parts their Train was great ad splendid and their Equipage favoured not a little of the Splendor of their continued Victories They Embarqued in the Downs on the eleventh of March 1651. and the next day toward even they came to an anchor neer Helvoot Slugs but not without some danger on the 13 they made towards Rotterdam in the long-boats and by the way they were met by some of the States Jachts or Barges and being arrived they were by the English Merchants conducted to their publick House where they were most splendidly entertained whither the Spanish Ambassador sent to complement them by one of his Gentlemen to testifie unto them his joy for their happy arrival beseeching them to enter into and joyn with him in a right understanding Two or three dayes after they set forward towards the Hague and by the way were met by the Master of Ceremonies accompanyed with about thirty Coaches and after some reciprocal complements passed and exchanged they were conducted to a stately House which was prepared for them in the Town where having been three dayes treated at the States charges they had audience In which the Lord St. Johns made a most Elegant and learned Speech in English and gave the Copy thereof unto the Lords States both in English and in Dutch the most essential points whereof were as followeth I. That they were sent unto the Lords the High and mighty States of the United Provinces on the behalf of the Parliament of the Common-wealth of England to ciment a firm League and Confederation betwixt the two Common-wealths in case their Lordships thought it fitting notwithstanding the injuries which the English had received from the Holland Nation II. That they desired to renew and confirm the Treaties and Agreements formerly made concerning the Traffique and Commerce betwixt both Nations III. After which they exhibited the advantages which the Hollanders would reap by this said union in regard of the commodious situation of England for the Traffique with the multitude and security of her Havens and of all things which may advance the Commerce and Trade IV. Finally he told them That he wus commanded by the Parliament of England and by the Common-wealth to make known to their Lordships how sencibly they were touched with the Murder which was committed on the person of their Agent Mr. Dorislaus and that they doubted not but their Lordships would use all possible endeavours to discover the Authors of that horrid and unworthy action After which the Lords States being informed that the said Lords Ambassadors followers were daily molested and affronted by the English Royallists and other persons who resided in Holland they caused a Proclamation to be drawn up which they sent unto the Lords Ambassadors to know of them whether it was penned in the due terms according to their good liking whereby on pain of death they prohibited that no man should either by words or deeds offend or molest any of the said Ambassadors followers or retainers Three months time was already elapsed in their Negotiation at a vast expense and with a farre greater patience without that the least satisfaction in the world could be obtained at the hands of Justice for those daily affronts injuries which were put upon the Lords Ambassadors Retinue Servants and the scorns and disgraces offered to their own persons even to such a pitch as that the Common people and Rascality would assemble themselves at the Gates of their house and belch out injurious language and set upon and injure their Servants Now the Parliament being sensible of these wrongs and injuries and seeing the Lords States did not at all answer those kinde proffers and endeavours which were made unto them to beget and fettle a solid and firm alliance and peace betwixt the two Common-wealths save with delayes and shifts purposely to gain time upon the English till they should be able to judge how the face of things would evidence it self in Scotland and which way the Chain would turn there they recalled their Ambassadors Which suddain and unexpected newes extreamly surprised the Hollanders who testified their astonishments thereon to the Lords Ambassadors by more frequent and oftner visitations then formerly and by which they endeavoured to perswade them to beleeve the sincerity of their intentions and how earnestly and ardently they desired the alliance which their Lordships had propounded But all these fair words were not able to stay the Ambassadors who immediately returned into England again to cut out another guesse kinde of work for the Hollanders And that which gave the greater cause of jealousie unto the English and made them believe that the Hollander dealt deceitfully with them was that their Admirall Van Trump lay lurking about the Isle of of Scillie with his Fleet as if he had some design to make himself Master of them But when as the States were demanded the reason of his lying there they replyed that their Admirals being in those parts was only to demand restitution of
Castles knowing full well the danger wherein the Ships were did encrease the dangers from shoare as well as from Sea and thereby became the more resolute and obstinate Insomuch that on the twenty eighth they were constrained to Land the Horse and the rest of the Foot who became Masters of the Forts and afterwards set upon the Castles in one of which was the Earle of Darbies Widow who quickly surrendred herself together with all the Ammunitions of War and some Vessells which were Anchored in the Harbour And not long after the strong Castle of Guernsey was also surrendred to the Parliament the whole Island having alwaies remained under the obedience of the Common-wealth and never deserted the same And as there is no felicity or bliss under the Heavens which is not mingled with some bitterness so in like manner the great Conquest of the Parliament both by Sea and Land had some mixture of missorrunes on both Elements on the Land by the decease of a great Captaine and a greater States-man and on the Sea by the death of a great Pilot and a greater Admirall both together The first was the Lord Ireton Son-in-law to his late Highness who immediatly after the taking of Limrick a very considerable place in those parts died during his being Lord Deputy of Ireland he was generally bemoaned of all men being a person who had rendred himself equally famous in War-like Exploits as well as in Politick Affairs and Sagacious Councels and to speak the truth there was scarce his like in all England and all the Comforts which survived his loss were that those good Foundations which he had laid and the Maximes which he had prescribed for the Government of Ireland did not perish with him but have remained to his Successors as Lamps and Lights whereby they may safely conduct their Foot-steps and assuredly carry on their Designes The other famous Person who also dyed was General Poppham a Personage endowed with all the good qualities of an exquisite Sea-man being valiant active and well versed in Sea Affaires his precipitated death and the small time he continued in that Imployment did shew unto us less what he was then according unto all appearance what he would have been had it pleased God to have lengthned his daies And now the Parliament being truly sencible both of the old and new Injuries which England had received from and by the States of Holland thought it fit to publish this ensuing Manifest Viz. THat no Commodities whatsoever of the growth or Manifacture of Africa Asia America or Europe should be brought into England or into any of the Territories belonging thereunto either by the English themselves or by any others save in Vessels or Barques effectively belonging to this Common-wealth or the Collonies and Plantations in the Indies who depend on the same on the penalty of forfeiting both Ships and Goods 2. That all Commodities whatsoever of the growth or manifacture of Forreigners which shall be brought within the Dominions of this Common-wealth in Vessels belonging to the Inhabitants thereof shall be taken and laden only in the places where the said wares do grow or else in those Ports and Havens whence they must of necessity be brought and where they are accustomed to be had and bought at the first hand 3. That all kind of Fish of the Fishing belonging to the people of this Nation as also all kind of Oyle of Fish VVhales Oyle and VVhale Bones shall not be brought save in such Ships where the said Fishing shall have been made upon the forementioned Penalty 4. That after the first of February 1653. there shall be no Salt-fish transported out of England save in English Vessels c. Then which nothing was more pleasing to the Merchants nor could any thing have more eucouraged them to cause the Traffick and Navigation to flourish again and whereby they were not a little also endeared to the Parliaments Interest So likewise was it very effectual to gain the Seamens hearts then which nothing is so apt to rebell and so hard to be kept in awe So likewise severall other Ordinances and Regulations were made concerning those Merchandizes which are brought from the East Indies from the Levant and from the Coast of Spain and Portugal all which did not much please and but lease oblige the Hollanders but to the contrary did so exasperate their Minds as that even during the time when they were treating of an Accommodation it came to an open VVar concerning the point of Honour at Sea and in this wise the Quarrel begun MAjor Bourn Commander in chief of a Squadron of English Ships discovered Van Trump Admirall of the Dutch Fleet on the back of Goodwine Sands who with two and forty Saile of Ships made towards Dover Road whereupon the Frigat called the Greyhound was commanded to make all the possible saile she could after them to speak with them which she accordingly did whereas they struck their Saile and gave all kind of tokens of honour and respect saying moreover That they would gladly tell something in the behalf of their Admiral unto the Party that commanded the English Fleet in chief and coming on board they saluted the English Ships and to seem the more officious they gave them an Account of their Navigation in this wise saying That the Nothernly VVinds having been somewhat high for some daies they had been constrained to ply more to the Southward then else they willingly would have done and that being come to an Anchor somewhat hitherwards to avoid the falling too neer unto Dunkirk they had lost severall Cables and Anchors concluding that they had not the least intention to do us any Injury General Blake was at that time with the rest of the Fleet towards the VVest who being enformed by Major Bourn of the Hollanders proceedings he used all the possible speed he could to joyne with him and on the nineteenth of May he discovered the Hollanders Anchored in Dover Road and being within three Leagues of each other the Hollander weighed Anchor and sailed Eastward where they met with an Express from the States whom they spake withall and afterwards made all the Saile they could up to the English Fleet their Admiral Van Trump shewing himself upon the Decks of the foremost Ships And General Blake coveting the honour to give the first Volley let fly three Guns at Van Trumps Flag though without Bullets To which Van Trump answered by a shot from the Stern of his Ship backwards signifying his disdain to vale his Flag and instead of the striking his Main Top-saile he caused a red Flag of War to be set up in token of a Combat to his whole Fleet and without any further delay he gave General Blake a whole Broad-side who joyfully received it and returned two for one and for the space of foure houres together both Fleets fought with that Animosity and vehemency which is usually on the like occasions at
the Thames near London to wit a Whale of a prodigious bigness at least sixty foot and of a proportionable breadth was cast up This great Fish which may be stiled the King of the Sea for his bulk came to do homage to his late Highness and by his Captivity and Death to to let him see he was absolute Master of that terrible Element which had given her a being But let us again return to the Wars in Flanders and let us see how whole Armies and Cities do there submit unto his Highness power as well as the Sea Monsters here Now although taking and keeping of Mardike had been a sufficient warning to the Spaniards to provide the Town of Dunkirk with all necessaries to withstand a Siege however that changed not the English their resolution to attempt it wherefore the United Forces both of France and England under the Command of those two glorious Chieftains his Highness the Martial of Tureine Prince of Quesnoy and his Excellency the Lord Ambassador and General Lockhart besieged the place opened the approaches and with an incredible diligence perfected the Circum volution The Spaniards intending to attempt the relief of the place being the Key of all Flanders and the chief Sea Port assembled all their Forces and made up a considerable Army of sixteen thousand men with a design to have forced the Lines and to have raised the Siege To which intent on the third of June they came in a Body through Fuernes and encamped within an English mile and a half of the Martial Tureines Quarters who being aware of their intent the following night brake up his Camp and having left part of his Forces to make good the Approaches and to guard the Trenches marched all night with fifteen thousand men and ten peeces of cannon to encounter the Enemy to decide in a pitched Battle and an open Field with an equal advantage which party should be victorious The English Foot drawn up into four great Battalions and led on by his Excellency the Lord Ambassador and General Lockhart gave the first on-set upon five great Battalions of the Spanish Foot placed very advantagiously on three high and great Downs feconded by Don John of Austria himself and the best of the Spanish and Condean Forces which they had purposely opposed unto the English conceiving them to have been as yet Novices in the manner of waging War beyond Seas and that for want of Discipline and Conduct they would soon have been routed and disordered But they were suddenly deceived in their expectations and found that they had to deal with persons of courage and resolution who as well in the Military Discipline as in the Art of Courtship became perfect and absolue Masters even during their first years of Apprenticeship wherefore it was not without reason the Ancients did alwayes joyn Mars and Venus together since towards the doing of gallant Actions it is sufficient to be passionate and resolute at the very entering into the Lists of either of these Divinities The English therefore assailing the Spaniards in their advantageous stand as aforesaid in the high Downs did themselves alone severall times charge them and sustained both the burnt of their Horse and Foot without ever being seconded or relieved by the French who were so confident of their Resolution and Valour as that they would not seem to intrench upon their Honour besides that they were loath to change their Stands least thereby they might bring themselves into a disorder and finally forcing the Spaniards to quit their stations they put them to a total rout and confusion In which Charge up the Downs Lieutenant Collonel Fenwick who shewed a great deal of Gallantry in leading on his Excellency the Lord Ambassador and General Lockharts Regiment of Blue received his mortal wound by a Musquet bullet through the Body whereof he dyed some few dayes after Divers other persons of quality and note signallized themselves not a little that day at the Head of their respective Regiments as the Honorable Collonel Lillingston Lieutenant Collonel Fleetwood Captain Devaux who led up a Forelorn of three hundred Musquetiers and gave the first Charge upon the Spaniards And of the Voluntiers Collonel Henry Jones who at first charged with Lieutenant Collonel Fenwick on foot afterwards on Horseback when as engaging too far he was taken prisoner but was afterwards exchanged and by his late Highness at his return into England made Knight and Baronet Divers others did gallantly who doubtless will not be forgotten in the English Annals and would be too large to be expressed in this Epitome relating onely to his Highness The Spaniards had at first resolved to have given no English man quarter but the fortune of the day made them glad to seek to the English for quarter themselves and it was well they could have it given them although the English were generous enough to have spared their Lives had not the zeal of overcoming and their resolutions to perfect the Victory taken up all their care and passions Finally the Spanish Foot being totally routed and coming to surrender themselves to the English in whole troops the English mistrusting they had some other intentions and stratagem thereby neither understanding their Language nor designe continued charging them and enforced them to seek quarter elsewhere preferring the gaining of the Victory to their own particular interests and so reaped an intire glory in their despising and rejecting several prisoners of quality who profered themselves to them and for the which they might have had considerable ransoms And in the gaining of those high Downs on which the Spaniards were placed the English behaved themselves with so much gallantry and resolution as that envy and malice raised a report amidst the jealous and their Corivals that it savoured more of a piece of rashness then of a true valour as if Soldiers could possibly with too much zeal and readiness performe those Commands which are given them To be brief the victory wholly declared it self for the English and for the French and the whole Spanish Army was quite discomfited and pursued to the very Gates of Fuernes with the loss of three thousand five hundred men two thousand whereof were killed on the place of Suydcote a Village seated in the Downs between Dunkirk and Fuernes and the rest were taken prisoners and the whole Army dissipated and disordered which defeat having quite disheartned the besieged and depriving them of all hopes of relief besides their Govornour the Marquis De Leda being mortally wounded by two hand Granadoes as he defended the false bray and of which wounds he dyed constrained them to beat a Parley fourteen dayes afterwards and to surrender the place on the fifteenth of July 1658. after the one and twentieth day of the opening of the Approaches And in this manner this famous Sea-port was reduced under the obedience of his late Highness the Lord Protector and was by the French put
Guard of Halberdiers and the Warders of the Tower The Solemnity was mannaged with a great deal of State from Somerset-House to Westminster many thousands of people being Spectators in the Windows and upon the Scaffolds all along the way as it passed At the West Gate of the Abbey Church the Hearse with the Effigies thereon was taken off again from the Chariot by those ten Gentlemen who placed it thereon before and in their passing on to carry it into the Church the Canopy of State was by the former six Gentlemen born over it again In which stately manner it was carried up to the East end of the Abbey and there placed in that Magnificent structure which was purposely erected there to receive it where it is to remain for some time exposed to publick view The Corps having been some dayes before Interred in Henry the Seventh's Chappel in a Vault purposely prepared for the same over which a costly Monument is preparing Thus have you a brief Relation of the last Ceremonies of Honor which were performed to the Memory of his late Highness who by his Heroick Acts had so well deserved as that my dull pen not able to express them I shall remit the Reader to censure my endeavours and submit to those that shall hereafter undertake to present the World with a larger Chronicle FINIS THE CHARACTER of his late Serene Highness OLIVER Late Lord Protector With several Reflections on the foregoing History SEeing Philosophers are of opinion that the Resemblance of Children to their Parents as well in their bodily shapes and features as in the Inclinations of their Souls is produced by one and the self-same Cause chiefly grounded upon this reason That the one is the Representative of the other And seeing moreover that we may not attribute unto a material Cause an immaterial Effect such as are all the operations of a Rational Soul they reject the power of a forming vertue the the Imaginary one the Constellation of the Planets and the qualities of the Seed To fix upon a more sublime mystery whereby God would have the Legitimateness of Children and Nephews to be manifested rather by the better part of man which is the Soul then by his Complexion his Behaviour his Speech and the shape of his Body And that such glorious souls as are wrapt up as it were in the body should like unto a transparent sun penetrate through those thick clouds and by that resplendency which they infuse through the whole body should attract the esteem and veneration which they beget in men either in the vulgar sort who are onely taken with the out-side or in the malicious and envious who endeavour to smoother those Talents in others which they do not possess themselves Which truth that we may the better make good it will not be amiss having first represented unto you some of his late Highness the Lord Protectors memorable Acts to demonstrate unto you the greatness of his soul and how well it was placed whereby all its Heroical vertues may as through a Christal glass appear unto the eyes of the whole world In this wise all Hystoriographers have proceeded not onely in their describing of the lives of Illustrious Personages but also in subduing of Cities and Towns Foretresses and places of Consequence which no sooner had received the Conquerours yoke but the Origine and Foundations were narrowly pried into the manner of their being fortified was described the form of their being besieged the assaults which they susteined and the glory which they acquired even by their surrendry upon honorable terms whereas on the contrary inconsiderate ones are quite neglected their appellations and reductions being scarce deemed worthy to be specified in a History In like manner since death after several vain attempts and successess assaults hath at length bereaved us of our Illustrious late Lord Protector we shall give you the Character of his person to let you see how much he resembled his glorious predecessors And howbeit we may thereby somewhat diminish and detract from his glory however so beautiful a soul as his was accompanied by a body participating of all those Organs which were succeptible of such high and admirable operations could not choose but produce the ensuing glorious effects In his person he somewhat exceeded the usual middle stature but was well proportioned accordingly being of a becoming fatness well shaped having a masculine face a sparkling eye both courteous and harsh at once according as there was occasion hardy and fierce in combats and reprehensions tempered in councels and meek promising to the afflicted and suitors He was of a strong constitution and of an active body well disposed an enemy both to ease and excess and although in his youth he was capable of yet he used not those fair and bewitching pleasures which a countrey where idleness and wantonness did reign doth afford to vigorous constitutions with a great deal of mediocrity in the War he was active vigilant and circumspect and although he was doubtless one of the best head-pieces in the world yet he disdained not to conferre and take counsel with others even in Affairs of the least concernment His greatest delight was to read men rather then books and his Eloquence which was both Masculine and Martial was rather a natural gift then an effect of art wherein he alwayes mingled some passages of the holy Writ in which his piety had amply instructed him to which most charming part as well as to his Sword he owed most of his Conquests and Victories being alwayes accustomed to exhort and animate his Souldiers at the undertaking of any great enterprize and before the giving of a battle so likewise after he had gained the victory he himself did express unto God his thankfulness and acknowledgements with so profound an humility as that he attributed unto God alone all his good success and did constantly refuse all those triumphs which were prepared for and profered to his valour He had an especial care to have Piety and Godliness reign in his Armies and punished as a most enormious crime those who took Gods name in vain Moreover he loved his Souldiers as his Children and his greatest care was to see them provided for with all necessaries requisite by which foresight and provividence he was the better able to execute that severe punishment which he usually caused to be inflicted on those who plundred and spoiled the Peasants for which crime he would not have pardoned his ownbrother and on the other side he was alwayes most bountiful and liberal to his Souldiers and those Pensions which are yet payed daily unto the old Souldiers unto their Widows and to the maimed and hurt men may save those charges which some Princes have been at to hire persons to weep and lament at their Funerals and over their Tombs He took great delight to discourse of the Affairs of the World and his own judgement did furnish him with such exact resolutions
to sin to attain to the perfect love of God 17. A Treatise of Contention fit for these sad and troublesome times by J. Hall Bishop of Norwich 18. Select thoughts or choice helps for a pious spirit beholding the excellency of her Lord Jesus by J. Hall Bishop of Norwich 19. The Holy Order or Fraternity of Mourners in Zion to which is added Songs in the night or chearfulness under afflictions by J. Hall Bishop of Norwich 23. The Celestial Lamp enlightening every distressed Soul from the depth of everlasting darkness by T. Fetisplace Admirable and Learned Treatises of Occult Seiences in Philosophy Magick Astrology Geomancy Chymistry Phisiognomy and Chyromancy 24. Magick and Astrology vindicated by H. Warren 25. Lux Veritatis Judicial Astrology vindicated and Demonology confuted by W. Ramsey Gent. 26. Cornelius Agrippa his fourth Book of Occult Philosophy or Geomancy Magical Elements of Peter de Abona the nature of spirits made English by R. Turner 27. Paracelsus Occult Philosophy of the Mysteries of Nature and his secret Alchimy 29. An Astrological Discourse with Mathematical Demonstrations proving the influence of the Planets and fixed Stars upon Elementary Bodies by Sir Christ Heyden Knight 30. All Mr. Lillies Astrological Treatises collected into one Volume 31. Catastrophe Magnatum an Ephemerides for the Year 1652. by N. Culpeper 32. Teratologia or a discovery of Gods Wonders manifested by bloody Rain and Waters by J. S. 34. Chyromancy or the Art of divining by the Lines engraven in the hand of Man by dame Nature in 198. Genitures with a Learned Discourse of the Soul of the World by G. Wharton Esq 35. The Admired Piece of Physiognomy and Chyromancy Metoposcopy the Symmetrical Proportions and Signal Moles of the Body the Interpretation of Dreams to which is added the Art of Memory illustrated with Figures by Rich. Sanders in Folio 36. The no less exquisite then admirable Work Theatrum Chymicum Britanicum containing several Poetical Pieces of our famous English Philosophors who have written the Hermitique Mysteries in their own ancient Language faithfully collected into one Volume with Annotations thereon by the Indefatigable industry of Elias Ashmole Esq illustrated with Figures Excellent Treatises in the Mathematicks Geometry of Arithmetick Surveying and other Arts or Mechanicks 37. The incomparable Treatise of Tactometria seu Tetagmenometria or the Gometry of Regulars practically proposed after a new and most expeditious manner together with the Natural or Vulgar by way of Mensural comparison and in the Solids not onely in respect of Magnitude or Demension but also of Gravity or Ponderosity according to any Metal assigned together with useful experiments of Measures and Weights observations on Gauging useful for those that are practised in the Art Metricald by T. Wybard 38. Tectonicon shewing the exact measuring of all manner of Land Squares Timber Stone Steeples Pillars Globes as also the making and use of the Carpenters Rule c. fit to be known by all Surveyors Land-meters Joyners Carpenters and Masons by L. Diggs 39. The unparallel'd Work for ease and expedition intituled The exact Surveyor or the whole Art of Surveying of Land shewing how to plot all manner of Grounds whether small Inclosures Champian Plain Wood-lands or Mountains by the Plain Table as also how to finde the Area or Content of any Land to Protect Reduce or Divide the same as also to take the Plot or Cart to make a Map of any Mannor whether according to Rathburne or any other Eminent Surveyors Method a Book excellently useful for those that sell purchase or are otherwise employed about Buildings by J. Eyre 40. The golden Treatise of Arithmetick Natural and Artificial or Decimals the Theory and Practice united in a simpathetical Proportion betwixt Lines and Numbers in their Quantities and Qualities as in respect of Form Figure Magnitude and Affection demonstrated by Geometry illustrated by Calculations and confirmed with variety of Examples in every Species made compendious and easie for Merchants Citizens Sea-men Accomptants c. by Th. Wilsford Corrector of the last Edition of Record 41. Semigraphy or the Art of Short-writing as it hath been proved by many hundreds in the City of London and other places by them practised and acknowledged to be the easiest exactest and swiftest method the meanest capacity by the help of this Book with a few hours practice may attain to a perfection in this Art by J. Rich Author and Teacher thereof dwelling in Swithins-Lane in London 42. Milk for Children a plain and easie Method teaching to read and write useful for Schools and Families by J. Thomas D. D. 43. The Painting of the Ancients the History of the beginning progress and consumating of the practice of that noble Art of Painting by F. Junius Excellent and approved Treatises in Physick Chyrurgery and other more familiar Experiments in Cookery Preserving c. 44. Culpepers's Semiatica Vranica his Astrological judgement of Diseases from the decumbiture of the sick much enlarged the way and manner of finding out the cause change and end of the disease also whether the sick be likely to live or die and the time when Recovery or Death is to be expected according to the judgement of Hipocrates and Hermes Trismegistus to which is added Mr. Culpepers censure of Urines 45. Culpeper's last Legacy left to his Wife for the publick good being the choicest and most profitable of those secrets in Physick and Chyrurgery which whilst he lived were lockt up in his breast and resolved never to be published till after his death 46. The York-shire Spaw or the vertue and use of that water in curing of desperate diseases with directions and rules necessary to be considered by all that repair thither 47. The Art of Simpling an introduction to the knowledge of gathering of Plants wherein the difinitions divisions places descriptions differences names vertues times of gathering temperatures of them are compendiously discoursed of also a discovery of the Lesser World by W. Coles 48. Adam in Eden or Natures Paradise the History of Plants Herbs and Flowers with their several original names the Places where they grow their descriptions and kindes their times of flourishing and decreasing as also their several signatures anatomical appropriations and particular physical vertues with necessary Observations on the Seasons of planting and gathering of our English Plants A Work admirable useful for Apothecaries Chyrurgeons and other Ingenuous persons who may in this Herbal finde comprized all the English physical Simples that Gerard or Parkinson in their two voluminous Herbals have discoursed of even so as to be on emergent occasions their own Physicians the ingredients being to be had in their own fields and gardens Published for the generall good by W. Coles M. D. 49. The Queens Closet opened incomparable Secrets in Physick Chyrurgery Preserving Candying and Cookery as they were presented to the Queen by the most experienced persons of our times many whereof were honoured with her own Practice Elegant Treatises in Humanity History Romances