building it would sodainlay fall Silenus Chilo of Lacedemon maintained that man by reason might comprehend the foreknowledge of things to come by the might power of his manhood Cyrus was of opinion that no man was fit for an Empire except he did excell those ouer whom he bare rule Xenophon Alcibiades was of opinion that those men liue safest who doe gouerne their common-wealth without altering one whit their present customes and lawes albeit they be not altogether so good Thucidides Of Perigrination In this most commendable action two things are to be prâ—posed the profit and pleasure of trauaile the laâ—er we are too greedy of by nature the first which belongeth to the mind is bounded with prudence and good cariage which if it be neglected the other two are vnprofitable IAcob hauing gotten vvisedome by trauaile is sayd iâ— Genesis to haue had the sight of God because to the actiue life he had also ioyned the contemplatiue Plato after the death of his Maister Socrates made a voyage into Egypt and then into Italy to heare and conferre with the best learned of those Countries and to learne that which he knew not before Orpheus to seeke the misteries of the Aegiptians trauailed as farre as Memphis visiting all the Citties of the riuer Nilus Argonaut Pythagoras visited the Aegiptians Arabians and Chaldeans and went also into Iury and dwelt a long time at Mount Carmell Strabo Saba came froÌ„ Aethiopia the farthest part of the world to heare Salomons wisdom Cornelia a noble woman of Rome trauailed to Palestina to heare S. Ierome â—each the Christians Thalestris Queene of the Amazons came from Scythia vnto Hircania with three hundred thousand women to lye â—ith Alexander 30. dayes to haue a child by him Gueuara Chronocler to Charles the first writeth that from forraine Countries men commonly bring newes to prattle of and strange customes to practise and that few come out of Italy that are not absolute and dissolute Lycurgus by his lawes commaunded the Lacedemonians not to goe out of their own Country nor to conuerse with strangers saying That although by theyr traffique with them they might bee enriched yet on the other side they would grow poore in regard of their owne vertues Democritus Abderita trauailed into many Lands and Countries being 80. yeares old only for the study of Philosophy he ventured into Chaldea and entered into Babilon at last hee came amongst the Magitians and Gymnosophists of India Olaus The Scythians trauaile onely in the Coasts of their owne Country but Anacharsis furnished with wisedom and knowledge aduentered further a greater way for he came into Graecia was highly esteemed of Solon Osyris King of Aegipt trauailed the greatest part of the world that hee might haue written vpon his toombe Heere lyeth Osyris King of Aegipt the eldest sonne of Saturne that left no part of the world vnsearched Diodorus Cheremon a Stoicke Phylosopher by the starre that appeared at Christes death iudging the same to be ominous to the Gods he worshipped trauailed into Iury with certaine Astrologers to seeke the true God Fabius the Consull in 70. yeares which he liued departed not once from his village of Regio to goe to Messana which was but two miles off by water Apollonius trauailed ouer the three parts of the world to see and conferre with all the skilfull men of his age and beeing returned with wonderfull knowledge he distributed his riches amongst his kindsfolkes and the poore and liued euer after in contemplation Philostratus The same hauing trauailed Asia Africa Europa sayd that of two things he meruailed most in all the world the first was that he alwayes saw the proude man commaund the humble the quarrailous the quiet the tyrant the iust the coward the hardy the ignorant the skilfull the greatest theeues hang the innocent P. Seruilius was the first Romaine that made any voyage to Taurus from whence when he returned he triumphed and merited the name to be called Isauricus Anaxagoras trauailed from Greece into Aegipt vnto Persia and Chaldea and to diuers other Countries for knowledge sake Vlisses in his pilgrimage was wise learning Phisicke of Aeolus of Circes Magicke and Astronomy of Calipso Phylosophers when they were yong studied wheÌ„ they came to be men they trauailed and when they were old they returned home and writ The Persians if any of their Countrey did imitate the behauiour of strangers and so trouble common orders he should therfore dye Lycurgus caried the whole body of Homers Poetry into Greece out of Ionia in his voyage and perigrination Appollonius in his trauailes found a table of fine golde called The table of the Sunne wherein all the world was portraied Not euer to haue seene Asia is praise woorthy but to haue liued temperatly in Asia is highly to be commended Cicero Anacharsis was put to death for that by his trauailes he had learned strange fashions and conditions which he sought to ground in his owne Country Herodotus The Hebrewes called theyr Aduersaries Allophilos that is of a strange Cuntry Amb. Fooles in old time trauailed to see Choraebus tombe The Lacedemonians vvere so great enemies to nouelties in theyr common-wealth that they neither permitted strangers to enter or theyr people to wander into straunge Countries doubting to be intangled vvith new fashions and customes Certaine studious persons of the Gaules and Spaniardes went from theyr natiue Countries with tedious iourneyes towards Rome personally to beholde the Oratour and Historiographer Titus Liuius Philostratus The Athenians put theyr Embassadours whom they sent into Arcadia to death because they went not that way which was coÌ„maunded but a contrary Apollonius Thyaneus who had trauailed the greatest part of the vvorld being asked of a Priest at Ephesus what thing hee wondered at in all this vvorlde aunswered I let thee know Priest of Diana that I haue beene through Fraunce England Spayne Germany through the Laces and Lydians Hebrewes and Greekes Parths and Medes Phrygians and Corinthians Persians and aboue all in the great Realme of India for that alone is more woorth then all the Realmes together Alexander at what time he had ouercome Darius in a place called Arbellis demaunâ—ed of his Noble-men the safest way into Aeâ—ipt but none could tell a certaine Merâ—hant who had beene a great trauailer promised in three dayes iourney to bring him safe into Aegipt which Alexander at the first not beleeuing in the end found true Lucianus Of Gods Goddesses The Auntients deuided their fayned Deities into three powers of heauen earth and water the first were the disposers and directors of mens actions some ruled the ayrie Regions others raigned in hell and punished offendours and some were Gods of the mountaines some of shepheards some of husbandry and some of woods the last sort were Gods of the Sea some of floods others of riuers and some of springs and fountaines SAturne was the sonne of King Caelius and Vesta brother to Titan who at the perswasion of his mother and Ops
most dangerous enemies Plut. Antigonus hearing certaine Souldiours railing vpon him hard by his tent who though that he was not so neere shewed himselfe saying can you not goe further to speake ill of me Caesar when he heard that Cato had slaine himselfe at Vtica O Cato said he I enuy thee this thy death seeing thou hast enuied me the sauing of thy life Plutarch Adrian bearing great enuy to a worthy Romaine before he was Emperor the same day he vvas elected meeting his enemy in the streete sayd to him aloud Euasisti meaning that he being now a Prince might in no wise reuenge an iniury P. Diaconus Pythagoras was so pittifull that he abstained from cruelty euen towards vnreasonable creatures that he vvould buy birds of the Fowlers and let them fly againe draught of fishes to cast them againe into the Sea Loncerus Augustus made one his Seruant that would haue killed him Domitian when he was first chosen Emperour did so abhorre cruelty that he would not suffer any beasts to be killed for sacrifice The Snakes of Syria the Serpents of Tyrinthia and the Scorpions in Arcadia are gentle and sparing of theyr naturall soyle though cruell in others Plinius Scipio hauing taken Hasdruball captiue restored him againe without ransome Darius vnderstanding that his Subiects were sore taxed with Subsidies blamed his Counsaile rebuked their Law and in an oration vnto his Subiects signified that he was oath his estate should hinder theyrs which gentlenes so wone them that they offered their lands and lyfes at his feet Herodotus The Emperor Aurelian the gates of Tiaeâ—a being shut against him he sent word that vnlesse they yeelded he would not leaue one flogge aliue in the Citty vvhich they notwithstanding refused to doe but he ouercomming them was so pittifull that he spaâ—ed them commaunding to kill all the flogs Porus King of India conquered of Alexâ—nder and being commaunded to aske what â—e would fearing that pitty was farre from Alexander desired clemency which he granâ—ed Brusonius Alexander vvas so famous for clemency that Darius wished that he might ouercome Alexander to shew him curtesie or that Aâ—exander and none else might conquer him Plutarch The Romaines were renowned for the honorable funerals of Siphax king of Numidia whom they tooke prisoner Valerius Prusias King of Bythinia being banished by Nicomedes his owne Sonne came to the Romains who entreated him euery way according to his worthines estate Diodorus So did they with Ptolomey banished by his owne brother and restored him againe to his kingdome Marcellus after his Souldiours had conquered Syracusa not without great slaughter of many mounted vp an high tower of the Castell and with teares lamented the â—â—full fall of Syracuse Valerius Metellus besieging the great Citty Centobrica in the Country of Celtiberia when he saw their miserable condition and their women comming out with theyr children to craue mercy he with-drew his intended forces remoued his campe and spared the Citty to his eternall commendation In Athence there was a temple dedicated to Mercy into which none might enter except he were beneficiall pittifull and then also with licence from the Senate Macrobius Arcagatus a notable Chirurgion was highly esteemed among the Romaines as long as he had pitty vpon his Patients whose cure â—e had promised but when hee began to be â—nmerciful he was not only dispised of graue men but in derision called Vulnerarius Gelâ—ius Rome was called the hauen of succour the â—nker of trust the key of curtesie wher-vnto â—ll helplesse Princes fled Pompey hauing coÌ„quered Tigranes King of Armenia and he kneeling at his feet yeelding his crowne and scepter he tooke him in his armes put his crowne vppon his head and restored him againe to his kingdome Plutarch Iulius Caesar was as willing to reuenge the death of Pompey as L. Paulus was curteous fauourable to his foe Perseus Idem Haniball although a deadly enemy to the Romaines yet in princely clemency he wone more commendacions by the buriall of Aemilius Gracchus Marcellus then he got fame by ouercomming three thousand Romaines Valerius Polycrates the tyrant of Samos was very gentle towards those women that were the wiues of the dead Souldiours restoring them to their liberty and giuing them wherewithall to maintaine their after estate Vespasian after that Vitellius had killed his brother Sabius and long persecuted his sonne being at last subdued he spared his daughter and bestowed a great sum of money with her in mariage Agesilaus after he had ouercome the Corinthians did not so ioy in his conquest as he lamented the death of so many men Plut. Augustus when he had conquered Alexandria the Citty which Alexander built mooued with pitty in sight of the Cittizens expecting nothing but death said for the beauty of your Citty and memory of Alexander and the loue I beare vnto Pyrrhus your philosopher and pitty of all I spare your Citty and graunt you life Aelianus Certain drunkards abused in wanton spech Pisistratus vvife and being sober the next morning came to aske him forgiuenes he gently said learne to be sober another time Camillus rebelled against Alexander Seuerus the Emperour of Rome and for that being condemned to dye by the Senate was pardoned by him Eutropius Fabius forgaue Marius the treasons hee practised against him Cicero said of Iulius Caesar that he extolling dead Pompey and erecting his statues did set vp his owne Alphonsus by his clemency and gentlenes â—one Careta so did Marcellus ouercome Siracusa Diogenes Heraclitus Apermanthus Tiâ—ion of Athence were vngentle and vnciuile persons and for their strange manners termed haters of men Phocion the Athenian would in nothing fulfill the request of the people and therfore he was hated worse then a Toade The Spartans for their obedience and humility vvere more honoured then eyther Thebes renowned for her Gods or Athence for her wisedome Plut. Marius being appoynted by the people of Rome twice to tryumph deuided the glory betweene himselfe and his fellow Catullus Appian Dion after he was made King of the Syracusans would neuer change his accustomed fare and apparell which he vsed as Studient in the Vniuersity Plut. As Alexander was on his voyage to conquer the Indians Taxiles one of the Kings desired him that they might not vvarre one against another If thou said he art lesse then I receaue benefits if greater I will take them of thee Alexander admiring his curteous spech answered At the least we must fight and contend for this whether of vs twaine shal be most beneficiall to his companion Curtius Traianus was so meeke and curteous that he was fellow-like to all men during all his raigne there was but one only Senator condemned who was adiudged to death against his will Eutropius The kingdom wherin the Emperor Augustus most delighted and ioyed was of the Mauritanes and the reason was this because all other kingdoms he got by the sword and this kingdom by intreatance Suetonius Alexander did write to Publian
subdued all Greece but beeing ouercome by Tamberlaine hee dyed without renowne Callepin his sonne succeeded hee ouercame the Emperour Sigismund and beginning to spoyle the borders of Constantinople dyed in the flower of his age raigning but sixe yeeres Mahomet after him subdued the greatest part of Slauonia and Macedonia and came as farre as the Ionian sea hee remooued hys seate out of Bythinia to Adrianopolis where he dyed Amurath the second succeeded him vvho wonne Epirus Aetolia Achaia Beolia Attica and Thessalonica Mahomet the second destroyed Athence wonne Constantinople Anno 1452. he brought vnder his subiection the Empire TrapezuntiuÌ„ Corinth the Ilands of Lemnos Euboiae Mitilene and Capha a Cittie of the Genowaies he raigned 32. yeeres Baiazeth the second tooke from the Venetians Naupactus Methonia and Dirohaim he spoyled all Dalmatia and in the end vvas poysoned Zelimus his sonne wonne Archair slew the Sultan of Egypt he brought Alexandria Damascus and all Egypt vnder his Empyre Solyman his onely sonne conquered Belgrad tooke Buda the Kings Citty in Hungaria spoyled Strigonium and all Hungaria To him the Ile of Rhods was yeelded he ouerthrew the fiue Churches when the Cittie Iula was taken he besieged Zigethum was slaine in the assault This Citty his sonne Zelimus spoyled in the yeere 1566. vnder 12. Emperors they subdued vnto themselues by Turkish tyrannie in two hundred threescore yeeres a great the Persians obserue at this day after this the Sarazens possessed Affrica went forward into Asia where they flourished 200. yeares Of the Bishops Archbishops Patriarchs and Popes of Rome THE yeare of Peters comming to Rome the time of his residency in the Sea and his death there hath beene so vncertainly reported by Platina Orosius Fasciculus temporum Eusebius Vspergensis Sabellicus and Nauclerus for the first by S. Hierome Beda Fasciculus temporum Vspergensis and Platina for the second by Nicephorus Dionysius Hierome Isodorus Eusebius and Abdiâ—s for the third that diuers godly learned men haue beene induced to think and some constantly to write as Vlricus Velenus and Thomas Balaeus with one other that Peter was neuer at Rome howbeit many wise reâ—erend truly lerned fathers of our church are of opinion that he was at Rome but no Bishop thereof martired vnder Claudius Nero. Linus a Thuscane born reported to be the successour of Peter was a man of pure and godly lyfe who for preaching the Gospell suffered martyrdome vnder Saturninus the Consull in the raigne of Vespasian Emperor of Rome Anacletus the first borne at Athence waâ— of an excellent and feruent spirit and of greaâ— learning he planted the Church of God wiâ—â— daily labour in whose defence and beleefe hâ— was put to death by Domitian which he constantly indured Clement the first a Romaine for his preaching and good deeds was a long time banished by the Emperor to hew Marble stones and in the end was cast into the Sea with an Anchour about his necke Euaristus the first a Grecian borne in the time of persecution ceased not to increase the Church by his diligent preaching till he was martired vnder Traian An. Dom. 100. Alexander the first a Romaine painefully trauailed both to preach and baptize he suffered great torments till he died vnder Aurelianus president to the Emperour Anno Domini 121. Sixtus the first a Romaine diligently preached the Gospell with many good works and godly deeds beautified the Church he was vigilant and carefull for his flocke and died for it Anno 129. Telesphorus the first a Grecian vvas a worthy man for learning and godly life he bare witnes of Christ most faithfully conâ—tantly both by his words and death vnder the Emperour Antoninus An. 140. Higinus the first an Athenian of a Christian Philosopher was made a Bishop who discharging the duty of a good Pastor was put to death anno 144. Hee wrote in a Caue where he did hide himselfe in time of persecution an Epistle touching God and the incarnation of the sonne of God Pius borne in Aquilia did many godly deeds in the Church vnder Antonius Veâ—us and in the end watered the Church of Christ with his blood in martirdome 159. Anicetus a Syrian a faithfull and diligent Pastor of the Church of Rome was martyred anno 169. Sother borne in Campania like a valiant Souldiour of Iesus Christ serued vnder his spirituall banner in the time of the Emperour Commodus he confirmed the doctrine which hee had preached vvith his blood in martirdome 177. Eleutherius a Grecian notwithstanding the stormes of persecution were somewhat calmed in his time because many of the Romaine nobility beleeued on Christ yet hee was beheaded 191. in his time also manâ— godly vvriters writ learned bookes agaynâ—â— diuers heresies and heretiques which infected the Church Victor borne in Affrica was the first thaâ— when the storme of persecution was calmed vsurped authority vpon strangers In the former Bishops sayth Vincentius the spyriâ—â— abounded but in these that follow the temptation of flesh and blood preuailed He exempted his brethren of Asia from the Communion because in keeping Easter day they followed not the vse of the church of Rome for which Policrates Iraeneus Bishops of Ephesus Lyons reproued him as then the church was rent in twaine by his obstinacy he died 203 Zepherinus a Romaine borne was a man more addicted to the seruice of God then to the care of any worldly affairs where before the vvine in celebrating the Communion was ministred in a cup of wood he first did alter that and in sted thereof brought in Cups or Chalices of glasse in his time were the Artemonites a sect of vaine Philosophicall Diuines who as our late Schoolmen did corrupt the Scripturs with Plato Aristotle and Theophrastus turning all into curious and subtile questions Origen taught the holy Scripture at Alexâ—ndria in Zepherinus time but his bookes â—ere refused because he brought in vnprofiâ—able disputations and allegories Calixtus the first borne at Rauenna when â—ersecution began to waxe hote againe was â—pprehended by the commaundement of Aâ—â—xander Seuerus and after that he was beaâ—en with cudgels and imprisoned his body â—as cast out of a window and drowned in a â—eepe pit 226. Vrbanus the first a Romaine in the time of Heliogabalus with his sincerity of life exâ—ellency in learning drew many on all sides â—o the Gospell he was often times banished â—he Citty for the Christian fayth but being â—ecretly brought in againe by the faithful he â—as martired by Seuerus 233. Pontianus a Romaine in the afore-sayde Emperours raigne when the people ranne â—n multitudes to heare him preach the word â—y the Princes commaundement being set â—n by the idolatrous Priests he was caried â—rom Rome to the Ile Sardinia where hee â—as put to death 239. Antherosa Grecian preached constantly stoutly vnder the tirany of Maximius the Emperour he first ordained that all the acts of Martyrs should be recorded least the remembrance of them should be lost with
all good qualities bee inprinted which impression the Platonists 〈◊〉 Idaeas being nothing els but inward conception of things CArneades Archimedes were accounâ—ted as dead men when they were alyue forasmuch as their mindes beeing distracteâ— through earnestnes of contemplation the naturall action of their bodies seemed to cease and giue ouer the one forgetfull to reach his hand to the dish being at meat the other not knowing vvhat the matter meant when the towne of Siracusa was taken wherin he liued Laertius Socrates vvas seene studying a whole day continuing the space of 24. howres in contemplation and discoursing in his minde which was vvhen hee drew out this conclusion out of his thoughts that there was bâ—t one onely God and that the soule was immortall Mison the Phylosopher liued altogether a contemplatiue and solitary life vvho vvhen one by chaunce met him laughing to hymselfe and demaunding the cause vvhy hee laughed hauing no company aunsvvered Euen therefore doe I laugh because I haue 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 company with me Laertius Scipio was neuer lesse alone then when he â—ad no company and Tully when hee was â—hought to haue beene idle studied most Cicero Democritus plucked out his eyes because â—he pleasures of this world should not draw â—im from contemplation S. Bernard a most excellent man for learâ—ing and holines gotte all his knowledge wherein hee excelled all other of his time 〈◊〉 the woods fields not by the instruction â—f man but by contemplation prayer Saint Augustine wryteth of himselfe that 〈◊〉 this sort hee vnderstoode Aristotles prediâ—aments which are accounted amongst the â—ardest things and also the liberall Sciences â—nd no man taught him The Hare the Pellican and the Swan liue â—olitarily the last is merry at her death in â—ope to see shortly her beloued Apollo Plato Hiero the tyrant of Syracusa gaue ouer his â—ingdom liued a solitary life Craesus after the death of his son Adrastus â—â—ued in contemplation Herod Ierome Petrus Diamanus Caelestinus â—orsaking the world betooke them to solitaâ—â—nes of life Timon of Athence was so giuen to solitarâ—â—nes and melancholly that he hated the 〈◊〉 of all men and therefore was called Mâ—â—santhropos he vsed and employed all his 〈◊〉 to perswade his Countrimen to shorten the lifes hauing set vp Iibbets in a field which hâ— bought for them that were disposed to hanâ— themselues Plut. Anthony dispairing of his fortunes builde him an house in the Sea at the Lanteme and ramped it about seperating himself from the company of men protesting to follow Timon calling his house Timonion or Timons Tabernacle Appian Tresilaus ouercome with a melancholly passion perswaded himselfe to be the righâ— honour of all the great Nauy that ariued aâ— the port Pyreus of which humour when he by Phisitions was throughly purged hee cursed them saying That they had robbed 〈◊〉 of his pleasure and wealth The Emperour Lotharius pricked in conscience for his euill committed agaynst 〈◊〉 Father Lodouicus Pius resigned his Empire and spent the remainder of his life intâ— monastry Appian wryteth of a solitary way by the people Sapaei which for the solitarines the very birds could not discouer by which Bruâ—us being distressed and afrayde was guided by Roscopolis who perswaded him to goe that way Appianus Of Agriculture Agriculture or husbandry tooke beginning 〈◊〉 our forefather Adams fall and since in euery succeeding Age hath beene highlie esteemed whose companion is Labour the true handmayd of vertue The vpholders of this Art as the Poets write were the last that waxed wicked and Iustice forsaking the earth left her last foot-steps amongst husbandmen THis was so honored in old time that euen the Romaine Emperours and mightie Kings and Potentates haue not beene ashamed to exercise it Dioclesian left his Empire at Salona and Attalus likewise to labour in this Art Cyrus set planted and grafted trees with his owne hands checker wise So did Seneca Planetrees From the honour of the earth and husbandry the noble sirnames of Fabij Lentuli Cicerones Pisones haue beene denominate Cor. Ag. From the breeding and feeding of Cattell the Iunij Bubuli Tauri Statilij Pomponij Vituli Vitellij Porcij Catones Annij tooke their better names Romulus and Remus Romes first founders were sheepeheards Apollo Mercury Pan Abell Abraham Iacob Moyses Dauid were sheepheards The Gardens of Adonis Alcinous Tantalus Hesperides were subiects for the finest Poets Semyramis had goodly flowers hanging in the ayre and Massinissa strange and famous garnished Gardens to the wonder of Affricke Tarquinius in the time of that first olde Rome walked pleasantly in his Garden and cropping the tops of Poppy Liuius Lucullus after his victories obtayned in Asia tooke his recreation in Gardens Sylla forsaking his Dictatorship spent the remainder of his life in gardening VVhen the Romaines would commend any man they vsed to call him a good man a good husband insomuch as the Senatorâ— themselues liued in the Country at occasions were by Purseuants called to the citty Quintius Cincinatus and others were called from the plough to be Dictators King Agis one day requested the Oracle of Apollo to tell him who was the happiest man in the world who aunswered One Aglaion be knowne of the Gods and vnknowne of men and making search for him throughout all Greece found at length that it was a pore gardener in Arcadia who 60. yeares olde neuer went from home keeping himselfe with his onely labour in his Garden Liuius M. Cato Censorius was as ready and apt to learning as to warres to matters concerning the field as the Citty and also to the exercise of husbandry Hee was the most excellent husbandman of his time and was the first amongst the Romians that gathered the precepts of husbandry and brought them into the forme of â—n Art Petrarch Quintius Cincinnatus while hee was eaâ—ing his foure Acres of land by decree of the Senate people of Rome was chosen Dicâ—ator Florus Abdolominus at the commaundement or rather permission of Alexander from a â—oore Gardener was aduaunced vnto the kingdome Sidon and by contemning the kingdom was reputed greater then the kingdome C. Marius was an hireling ploughman and spent the first yeares of his lyfe in the fields but afterwards was seauen times Consull oâ— Rome The plesure that Lucanus had in this world was nothing else but a little Garden when he died he coÌ„maunded his graue to be made in it where he was buried Of Pouerty This burden whether it come by birth or some sinister chaunce is or ought to bee a meanes to bring man to a ready knowledge of himselfe anâ— by this to a more neere knowledge of God who sometime sendeth it as a tryall other-while as â— punishment to the godly first the burden is light to the repining punished intollerable who loose the benefit thereof by their impatience and murmuring ARistides sirnamed the iust beeing very poore was chosen to leauie and gather the trybute before all the rich men in Athence VVhilst
Capuans two Captaines fell at variance because they both loued one woman which when the Tarentines perceiued immediatly they gaue them the onset ouercame them If Scipio Affricanus had not scowred the Romaine Armies of leachery the inuincible Numantia had neuer beene ouercome Phalaris the tirant would neuer grant man any thing that he desired neyther euer denied any thing that a dissolute woman requested Plut. Caligula gaue but 6000. sextercies onely to repaire the walls of Rome 10000. sextercies for furring one of his Lēmons gowns Idem Dionysius the tyrant albeit of nature hee was most cruell yet by his Curtezan Mirta hee became so tractable that shee onely did confirme all his prouisions of the weale publique and hee did but ordaine and appoynt them Themistocles was so enamoured of a woman that he had taken in the warres of Epirus that she being sicke and let blood he also was let blood and washed his face with the blood that issued out of her arme VVhen Demetrius had taken Rhods there was brought to him a faire Gentlewoman which he made his friend in loue which she perceauing to be great shewed her selfe angry with him and refused his company but he abandoning his estate on his knees prayed her to pardon him Autenaricus a famous King of the Gothes after he had triumphed ouer Italy and made himselfe Lord of Europe was so far in loue with Pincia a Curtezan that whilst she combed his head he would make cleane her slippers Olaus I. Caesar diuersly was spotted with adultry as with Posthumia the wife of Seruius Sulpitius Lelia the wife of Gabinus with Tartalin the wife of Crassus with Musia Cnerius Pompeyes vvyfe and Seruilia the mother of Brutus Of Desperation The last of all the perturbations of the mind is Desperation and is of all other most pernicious this destroyer of all hope of better fortune entereth so farre into the hart of man that it maketh him offer violence to himselfe then the which nothing can bee more dangerous to the soule BRutus and Cassius after the death of Caesar desperatly killed themselues Anthony when hee heard that Cleopatra had slaine her selfe desperatly ranne vpon his sword Empedocles because hee could not learne the cause of Aetnaes burning threw himselfe into it Horace Aristotle for that he could not giue a reason of the flux and reflux of Eurypus drowned himselfe Themistocles vvas not ashamed of this damnable speach in his mouth If a man should shew me two seuerall wayes the one leading to heauen the other to hell of the twaine I had rather take the latter Aelianus Spira the Italian being exhorted to say the Lords prayer desperately aunswered That hee could not with his heart call God Father because the deuill was his Father nor haue any place but amongst the reprobate The Donatists rather then they would bee forced from theyr fancies slew themselues yet this did nothing fray the Church of God from compelling them by the rigour of Princes lawes without any respect of their wilfull desperation August Ptolomeus that killed Pompeius being ouercome by Caesar drowned himselfe in the Riuer Nilus Eutropius Phylostrates beeing destitute of all hys friends by the reason of a contagious wound hee had led a poore and miserable lyfe and lyke a begger wandered from place to place thereby to signifie that though hee were in such misery as no man more yet had he rather in that griefe so consume his dayes then desperatly to kill himselfe Fimbria killed himselfe in Asia in the temple of Aesculapius because hee would not be taken of Sylla Appian Timocrates an Athenian seeking to auoyde the feare of death by water as then ready to be sunke in a shippe killed himselfe Thucidides Sabina the wife of Adrian the Emperour beeing without all reason or modesty was cruelly intreated and with extreamity driuen to desperation murdered her selfe Eutropius Arbogastus beeing vanquished by Theodosius the Emperour fled out of the battaile and not finding place of refuge or security with his owne sword killed himselfe Ambrose Artaxerxes caused his eldest sonne Darius to be slaine for certaine treacherous demeanours the second brother next to him forthwith in his fathers presence drew out his persian Acynax and desperatly murthered himselfe Aelian Mithridates naked of all comfort desperate in his vnhappy fortunes when hee could not dispatch himselfe by poyson for that hee had alwayes vsed Antidotes from whence at this day we cal our Mithridate desired Bitalus a French-man and one of his Captains to kill him which he obayed Appian The Assapeians besieged of the Romaines seeing no way to escape their tiranny bondage brought all their goods and riches into the market-place piled vpon them great heapes of wood and sware 50. of the chiefest of their Citty that they with thēselues wiues and children should goe vp to it and if they were furder distressed to set it on fire Idem Of the Deuill The deuill hath diuers names he is called Diabolus Daemō of Plato Cacodaemō Sathan Lucifer Leuiathan Mammon Asmodeus Beelzebub Baal Berith Belphegor Astaroth THE deuill suffered Herod in words to pretend the worshipping of Christ when he intended in his hart to kill him He made Pilate to confesse Christes innocency yet against his owne conscience to giue sentence of death against him Hee caused Iudas to kisse Christ as though he loued him then to betray him The deuill caused Pilates wife to dreame that she was troubled because of Christ and prayed him not to medle with him for that the deuill knew by his death the restauration of mankind It is written in the discourse of the liues of the fathers of Aegipt that one of them saw in a vision the assembly of deuills and hearing one report the diuersity of illusions wherewith they had beguiled the world hee sawe their Prince make great gratulation and recompence to one of those ill spirits that had deceaued a vertuous man of the Church thē to all the rest stirring thousands to transgressions and sinnes In Italy an vnlearned vvoman possessed with the deuill being asked which was the best verse Virgil made aunswered Discite Iustitiam monite et non temnere diuos Louicerus A mayde borne in Saxony before she was twelue yeares of age and one that neue◠knew what learning meant possessed as the other prophecied in Greeke and Latine the warres that were to come in Saxonie Idem The King of the Sodomites in the person of the deuill sayde to Abraham Giue mee the soules take thou the rest The deuil disputed with Michael about the body of Moses A Musition shewed his cunning before Antigonus whō he oftentimes found fault with bidding him set vp his treble string higher then his meane the Musition said The deuill is in it ô King by the Gods I sweare if thou art more expert then I. Aelian The head and leader of euill spirits is Lucifer which hath that name for hee was made more cleare and bright
rich crowne of â—old and offer it to Apollo but the common â—reasure being poore the vvomen defaced â—heir Owches and Iewels to make it with all â—or which they had graunted three things to â—eare on their heads garlands of flowers to goe in chariots and openly to the feasts of â—he Gods Theseus asked of the Gods three things good fortune want of inward sorrow such glory as was neither false counterfaite nor â—ained of three other boones which he prayed of Neptune the third was in his fury curâ—ing his sonne Hyppolitus and wishing his violent death which after it was granted he repented him Cicero Demonides hauing crooked feet lost both of his shooes where-vpon he desired God â—hat his shoone might serue his feet that had â—ound them VVhen Alcibiades was condemned by the Athenians they commaunded the religious people of either sexe to curse him which one of them refused to doe saying that they had entered religion not to make vniust but iust prayers Thucydides Sylla Tiberius Caligula and Nero neueâ— could but commaund and kill on the other side Augustus Titus and Traianus could not but pray and pardon in such manner that they ouercame praying as the other fighting The Lacedemonians custome was not to craue any thing of their Gods but what was of importance and consequence saying thaâ— all smal matters were to be obtained by manâ— industry Plinie in an oration he made in the prayse of Traiane commended the custome of the Auntients to make inuocation before the beginning of their work and sayd that there could be no assured nor wise beginning of any enterprise without the especiall ayde and counsaile of God In Athence was a temple dedicated to Mercy which the Athenians kept so well watched and locked that without leaue licence of the Senate none might enter therein in this temple were only the Images of pittiful men and none entered there to pray and doe sacrifice but those that vvere pittifull Macrobius Isocrates prayed God to saue and keepe him from his friends rather then his enemies saying of his enemies he could be wary â—ecause I trust them not so can I not of my â—â—iends because I haue assured confidence 〈◊〉 them Octauius prayed GOD that it might be â—yde that by him the common wealth of â—ome was preserued from all danger and at â—is death to carry with him that hope that 〈◊〉 might remaine many ages in that estate â—e left it Suetonius A poore man craued an almes of the Emâ—erour Maximilian and told him that they â—ame both of one Father to wit Adam and â—o consequently were brethren desiring broâ—herly to deale with him to whom the Emâ—erour gaue a small peece of siluer whereat â—hen he saw the poore man discontented he told him that he ought to take it in good worth saying that if euery one of his breâ—hren would giue him as much he should â—uickly be richer then himselfe Anthony distressed by the King of Parâ—â—ia held vp his hands to heauen saying if aâ—y disdaine of GOD remayned of his forâ—er fortunes hee desired it might fall vpon â—im so the Romaine army might be freed â—nd haue the victory Appian Virginia the daughter of Virginius for that her Father was a Plebeian was forbidden to doe sacrifice with other Romaine matrone in the temple of Chastity wherfore she madâ— a temple of her own house to the Goddesse for which the Senate made her a Patritiaâ— Liuius Claudius defiled the faire matrone Obeâ—â—na as he found her praying in the temple 〈◊〉 Minerua who condemned for sacriledge escaped punishment by bribes Brutus not satisfied in killing Caesar madâ— his prayers vnto Iupiter and the hoast 〈◊〉 heauen to plague Caesar and his posterity VVhen the Cretans were vngently intreated of the Romaines they did not pray 〈◊〉 their Gods to send them pestilence warre and famine or sedition but that they woulâ— suffer new customes manners and fashion to be brought amongst them The praier of old Cato was that the couâ—â— of pleas might bee set with linnes and 〈◊〉 to take the professors of the brawâ—â—â— study of law Plutarch Alexander caused his Horse Bucephalus be buried Augustus his Parrot and Heliogabalus his Sparrow at whose obsequieâ— hee prayed and caused the body to be embalmed Of Vertue The Hebrewes by reason of the tenne Comâ—aundements boasted that they had the cheefest â—od and the summe of all Vertue MArcus Marcellus building a Temple which he called the Temple of Honor 〈◊〉 so place situate the same as none could â—aue any entrance therein except hee came â—â—rough the Temple of Vertue Liuius The Romans did not onely assigne the â—hiefest places to men of vertue but likewise â—ubliquely they gaue them Speares Horse-â—appings and Garlands Tacitus VVhen the Romaine Victors rode in tryâ—mph a slaue sate behind them striking them 〈◊〉 vpon the necke that they shoulde reâ—ember themselues and not be proude and â—hat euery man shoulde hope by vertue to â—ome to the like dignity Plutarch Fabius for his vertues was sirnamed Maxiâ—â—us where before he was called Gurges Alexanders vertues purchased him the sirâ—ame of great Plut. It is recorded of Fabius that it was as hard â—o draw him from his honestie and vertues as the sunne from his course Eutropius Camillus for a disgrace happening to him in Rome was banished into Campania where his vertues and seruice in the vvars oâ— that country succeeded so happily with him that hee returned to Rome not as an offender but in great tryumph No Athenian excelled Alcibiades eytheâ— for vertue or vice Iustinus Socrates made him to weepe for that hee shewed him by liuely reasons that he vvas 〈◊〉 lesse estimation then a base hinde if hee haâ— not vertue and that it behooued him to bâ— sorrowfull The Rhodians and the Lydians had a lawe that those sonnes which followed not they fathers in theyr vertues but liued viciously should be disinherited and theyr lands giue to the most vertuous of that race not admitting any impious heyre vvhat-soeuer Varro For that Artaxerxes Mnemon was a vertuous Prince delighted in peace the succeeding kings of Persia were called by his name Basilius Emperour of Constantinople aâ— his death exhorted Leo his sonne to vertuous actions and not to become slaue to hyâ— owne affections by good lyfe and studie oâ— â—odlines to beautifie his soule shewing himâ—â—lfe the image and Lieuetenant of the Knig 〈◊〉 heauen Theophrastus Demetrius the scholler of Theophrastus 〈◊〉 he had ten yeeres gouerned the state of â—hence hauing in memory of his vertues â—â—ree hundred and threescore statues erected 〈◊〉 Greece yet were they all through enuie â—oken dovvne which when he heard of he 〈◊〉 Though they burne my pictures yet cannot â—â—ey burne the vertuous cause of them Theoprastus Alexander vvilled that the Grecians and Barbarians shoulde no more be disguised by â—â—eyr garments but that the Grecian should be knowne by vertue and the Barbarian by 〈◊〉 accounting all vertuous men Greciâ—ns and all vicious Barbarians Quint. Curâ—â—us Menander King
of the Bactrians vvas so â—ell beloued of his subiects for his vertues 〈◊〉 after his death the principall citties conâ—â—ded which of them shoulde haue the hoâ—or of his buriall for the appeasing of which â—ife it was concluded that each of them 〈◊〉 remembrance of his worthynes should â—ake a tombe Harmocrates the last Tyrant in Sicilia at the very instant of his death exhorted hys sonne to liue so vprightly that his vertues might make him to be enuied Alexander praised greatly this vertue in the Phylosopher Calisthenes that for others he asked many things for himselfe nothing Plutarch Into the graue Senate of Areopage noâ—e were receiued except they had made some notable proofe of their vertues Sabellicus A rare example of a Romans vertue was iâ— Mesâ—ala who hauing Claudius in his custodie who before had proscribed him restored him to his estate and preserued him frâ—â— danger Appianus Iuno through her riches Mercurie througâ— his eloquence Venus through her beautie Mâ—â—s through his threats and the rest of thâ— Gods hauing all conspired against Iupiter 〈◊〉 were not able to pull him out of heauen 〈◊〉 which the Poets signified that a vertuouâ— man can by no meanes be turned aside from iustice Plato wrote 54. Bookes or Dialogues which did all intrâ—ate of vertue in which that he might not be thought vngrateful toward his Maister Socrates who woulde neuer write any thing hee bringeth him in reâ—hearsing that which he heard him speake Anacharsis led with the onely loue of verâ—ue left the kingdom of Scythia to his younâ—er brother trauailed into Grecia where â—e learned phylosophy of Solon Pelopidas generall of the Thebans is more â—raised for his notable vertue hee shevved â—hen he was prysoner in the hands of Alexâ—nder the tyrannous K. of the Phereans theÌ„â—or all his vertues gotten before Thucid. The Emperour Rodolphus othervvise of â—afe parentage by his vertues mounted to 〈◊〉 Monarchie Maximilian the Emperour aunswered one â—hat desired his Letters patents to ennoble â—im I am able to make thee rich but vertue onâ—â— must make thee noble Alexander Seuerus neuer kept in his court 〈◊〉 ill disposed persons or suffered any â—â—ough neuer so neere to him in blood once â—ound faulty to escape vnpunished Lactan. Marius esteemed it a great poynt of vertue â—nd high courage to bee skilful in cosenage Plutarch Two of the most famous Citties in the â—orld were in two extremeties Rome the â—ead of vice and Alexandria the end of all â—ertues Aurelius Of Iustice. Betweene the two zodiacall signes Leo and Libra is a virgin called Astraea or Iustice the which in times past dwelled vpon the earth anâ— beeing abused and neglected of mortall men 〈◊〉 tooke ber flight to heauen THe Egyptians who vvere the auncienâ— Lawmakers in theyr Citties caused Iuâ—ges to be paynted without handes and the President or chiefe Iustice with hys eyeâ— blindfolded thereby signifying that Iusticâ— ought neither to be briber nor respecter oâ— persons Pausanius Beza faineth Iustice and Mercie to bee two Sisters standing by the throne of God VVhen the Hebrewes asked a King of Samuell they added this to iudge al nations The Areopagites iudged by night and iâ— the darke Quintil. Aristides for his impartiall dealing in 〈◊〉 matters was sirnamed the Iust. Mycerinus the son of Cleops surpassed 〈◊〉 the Kings of Egipt for true iustice Herodâ—t Iunius Brutus a consul of Rome condemned his two sonnes Titus Tiberius to beâ—â—eheaded for that they conspired the reentre â—f Tarquinius race into Rome Liuius Philip and Alexander his sonne when any â—ame to complaine stopped one of theyr â—ares which they reserued for the defenâ—ant Plutarch No man durst euer solicite Cato Censorius 〈◊〉 any dishonest cause Cicero The Emperour Iulian though otherwise a â—yrant condemned no man before his cause â—as heard Euseb. Cambises commaunded Sisamnes skinne â—or his iniustice to bee â—lead of and couering â—he iudgement seate there-with appointed â—is sonne to iudge in his place Herodotus Seleucus Gouernour of â—ocris his sonne â—eeing taken in adultery whose punishment â—as losse of both his eyes to satisfie iustice â—nd in some sort the people who intreated â—im to remit the punishment caused one of â—is sonnes and another of his owne to bee â—ulled out Valerius A boy was condemned at Athence for that â—e vsed to catch young Quailes and to pull â—ut theyr eyes and so to let them flie againe â—im the Areopagites thought not vvorthy â—o lyue fearing that if hee were remitted for â—hys offence hee would not stick in time to attempt greater cruelties Quintil. Phocion refused to helpe his sonne in lavv Charillus in iudgement beeing accused for bribery saying withal that he had made him his allie in al iust reasonable matters only Philip was importuned by an olde woman to heare her cause to whom when the King made aunswer that he had no leysure she replyed then be no King which he wel regarding sette all busines aside to heare her complaint Valerius Thys King beeing once ouertaken vvitâ— sleepe and not well hearing the iustificatioâ— defence of Machetas he condemned him in a certaine summe wherevpon Machetaâ— cryed out I appeale to Philip when hee is thâ—rowly awake vvhich when he heard againe he aquited him Philip the first King of Macedon vvaâ— slaine by Pausanias a meane gentleman because hee woulde not let him haue iustice â—gainst Antipater VVhen Aristides was to determine a controuersie betweene two one of them sayde My aduersary Aristides hath doone the wrong But he aunswered My friend declare onely vvherein he hath wronged thee for I am here to doe thee right and not my â—â—lfe Laertius Antonius Venereus Duke of Venice cauâ—â—d his sonne to die in prison because hee had â—â—uished a maide Papinian a Pagan although hee was comâ—aunded by the Emperor Caracalla whose â—eward and familiar hee was to defende an â—niust cause would not doe it Marsilius Cleon of Lacedemon minding to deale in â—ublique affayres called all his friends togeâ—her and told them that hee renounced and â—ischarged himselfe of all friendship because 〈◊〉 caused men sometimes to swarue from iuâ—tice Plut. Aurelianus the Emperour was so fearefull of placing an vnwoorthy man in the seate of iudgement that hee neuer preferred any to the dignity of Senator but with the consent of the whole Senate Pau. Diaconus Traianus allighted from his horse as he was going to warres onely to doe iustice to a poore woman Eutropius Mardus sate in iudgement vpon his Sonne Cartanes and would haue put him to death but Artaxerxes seeing his iustice pardoned his sonne Aelianus Agesilaus requested by his Father to gyue sentence against equity graciously denyed him with this aunswer You haue taught me◠ô Father from my youth to obey the lawes 〈◊〉 therefore I will now obey you therein by iudging nothing against the lawes At Athence if any man committed wilful murder iudgemeÌ„t was prosecuted in a place called Martius Pagus it against his vvill the sessions was kept in Palladum if the murderer
other meat then the meanest of his Souldiers did The Priests of Aegipt the Sages of 〈◊〉 and Persia and Iupiters Priests seruing 〈◊〉 Gods did neuer eate any flesh nor drink aâ—ny vvine Pausanias Anacharsis a Seithian Phylosopher being demaunded of his estate how he fed how he did lie and how he was cloathed aunswered I feede on hunger I lie on the ground and I am cloathed like a Scithian Laertius Dyonisius made sute to Aristides for his daughter in marriage but he knowing him to be an intemperate Prince soberly answered that he had rather kill his daughter with his owne hand then giue her in marriage vnto Dionysius Valerius Publicola after he had been consull foure times died so poore that he had not sufficient to defray the charge of his Funerals but was buried of the common tresury Valerius The â—â—ke of Menenius Agrippa vvhen by the counsaile of Epimenides of Create the Athenians vvere deliuered from a plague which their neighbours were infected with they in regard of his loue aduice sent him rich rewards which he refused Plato Apollonius Tyanaeus had diuers rich gifts sent him by Vespasian which he would not â—ccept saying that they were for couetous minded men and for those that had neede of them Stobeus The Romaines laughed Sylla to scorne that being a man most intemperate did not withstanding vse to exhort and compell others to sobriety temperance and frugality Suetonius Lisander contrary to him allowed those viâ—es in the Cittizens from the which himselfe refrained Thucidides Pericles when his companion Sophocles and Pretor in Rome commended the beauâ—y of a young woman whom they met said It becommeth a Pretor to haue not onely hands free from corruption but also continent eyes voyde of vnchast lookes Idem Hortensius was much reproued for that at a supper prepared for the Augurs he set before them a boiled Peacock Suetonius Cassius was deemed intemperate because publiquely he drank water and could not for a short time endure the thirst thereof Duronius was remoued from the Senate for that he being Tribune repeated the law concerning the restraint of feasting Patriâ—ius VVhen the Presâ—nts which King Pyrrhus after his ouerthrow were brought to Rome and shewed about the streetes hoping therâ—by to winne good will of the people theâ—â— was not one man seene to put out his hand towards them so as the King found himselfe no lesse vanquished with continency theâ— force of armes Diogenes laughed those to scorne that by sacrifice sought for helpe of the Gods and notvvithstanding led an intemperate lyfe Gellius Cato by prescribing too spare temperate dyet killed his wife and child In the presence of Gorgo the daughter of Cleomenes but 9. yeares old Aristagoras intreated Cleomenes that the Lacedemonians would send an Army into Asia promising to giue him 10. talents which he refusing offered him 50 the wench tooke her Father a side and sayd Father if you get you not hence this guest will corrupt you vvhereat he departed without hearkning to Aristagoras any more Herodotus The Lacedemonians were very temperate in their dyet and had certaine publique places called Phidities where they fed of which came that when men would speake of a small pittance they vvould lyke it to a meale of â—he Phiditie The Esseans a certaine Iewish sect vvho were holier and of better conuersation then â—he Pharisies abstained from wine and vvomen Iosephus The temperance and staiednes of Titus Quintus got more countries to the Romans then al the forces vnder him had done It was felonie for the Magistrates of Locris to drinke wine without the lycence of a Phiâ—ition and the Romans neuer drunke wine before they were twenty yeres old Diodo In the tyme of Saturne the world did neyther eate flesh nor drinke wine wherin they agree with our Diuines who put vs out of doubt that the vse of flesh and wine was vnknowne before the vniuersall flood Of Fortitude The vertue of the mind aduentureth nothing â—â—â—shly neyther in a good cause feareth death be 〈◊〉 in apparaunce neuer so terrible whose extreames are feare and foolish boldnes FOure kinds of people the Romans found hard to ouercome the Mermidons the Gaditanes the Saguntines the Numantines the first were strong the second valâ—â—ant the third fortunate but the Numantine were strong valiant and fortunate Trebeâ—â—lius Pollio Amongst all the Citties of the world onelâ— Numantia did neuer acknowledge her better or kisse the hande of any other for heâ— Lord. The Lacedemonians neuer vsed to aske thâ— number of their enemies but vvhere theâ— vvere Iudas Macchabeus beeing begirt with 2â— thousand men was counsailed to flie 〈◊〉 forbid quoth he that the sunne should seeâ— flie I had rather die then staine my glory by 〈◊〉 ignominious flight The Numantines vvhen they were besiâ—â—ged slew nine Consuls vvherevpon the Romans did capitulate with them that theâ— should be perpetuall friends Liuius Fiue thousand resolute Romans ouercaâ—â— thirty thousande of Methridates souldioâ—â— vvhom hee had chosen throughout all 〈◊〉 kingdom Appian Iulius Caesar entering the Temple of Heâ—â—cules in Gades seeing the heroycall gests 〈◊〉 Alexander set forth vpon the vvalls fell 〈◊〉 the lyke passion for Alexander as he did 〈◊〉 â—â—hilles Plutarch Q. Mutius aduentured alone into the tents 〈◊〉 King Porsenna eyther to kill the King or 〈◊〉 be killed by him for which he purchased 〈◊〉 sirname of Sceuola Liuius Horatius Cocles resisted the whole Armie the same king vntil the cittizens of Rome 〈◊〉 to take vp the drawe bridge and then all armed leapt into the riuer Tyber and escaped his enemies Liuius Perdiccas entered into the dangerous den a Lyonesse and tooke avvay her whelps â—â—rtius Starchaterus to increase his strength fedde â—â— on Beares fleshe and often vsed to drinke â—â—eir blood Olaus Alexander thought himselfe happy if hee â—ight be named Achilles Caesar if he might â—e called Alexander Achilles sought no â—eater name then Theseus Theseus desired 〈◊〉 of Hercules Although Scythia was barren yet was shee oute though rude and barbarous yet was 〈◊〉 very valiant and hard to bee subdued â—iannus Leonides at Thermopyla hauing vnder 〈◊〉 charge but foure thousand souldiours â—â—liantly encountred with the huge Armie of Xerxes and ouercame it to his immortaâ— fame and Xerxes eternall infamie Iustinâ—â— Pyrrhus seeing the fortitude and valourâ— the Romaines sayd If valour were lost thâ— mould thereof might bee founde in a Romans hart adding that hee would quicklie conquer all the worlde if hee were King 〈◊〉 Rome or the Romaine souldiours subiect vnto him Solon made a law that the children whosâ— parents had beene valiantly slaine in battaile should for the prowesse of theyr parents 〈◊〉 euer after maintained of the Common treasurie Thucidides Lucius Dentatus was in sixescore battailes and eyghteene times came away conquereâ— Hee receiued in token of his valour eyghteene Launces twenty Bards for horses foure-score Bracelets and 36. crownes anâ— by his meanes nine Emperours triumpheâ— in Rome It vvas all the manner of the Lacedemonians to
notwithstanding hee had subdued two mighty Citties Numance and Carthage so bountifull vvas hee all hys life time Lisander esteemed liberalitie to others more then his owne priuate welfare Fabius Maximus at his owne charge redeemed many Romaine prisoners that were taken captiue by Haniball Of Patience This vertue causeth a vvise man to prepare himselfe to entertaine all kind of fortunes therfore God hath so disposed things that hee will not suffer man to haue a prescience of thinges to come OF all men one man named Anarchus Augustus was most patient in torments and one woman named Laena most patient for silence Plinie Plutarch gaue the Emperor Traiane counsell to be patient towards furious folkes considering that time moderateth as many matters as reason doth change Socrates beeing counselled to reuenge a wrong receiued aunswered VVhat if a mastie had bitten me or an Asse had strooke mee would you haue me goe to law with them Ptolomey King of Egypt demaunded merily of a Gramarian who was the Father of Peleus who aunswered that he desired first to know who was the Father of Lagus noting thereby his base parentage whom when he vvas counselled to punish sayd patiently If it be vnseemely for a King to be mocked it is also as vndecent for him to mocke another Valentinian was of a subtile wit graue countenaunce stoute in his affayres in aduersities patient and a great enemie of the vicious temperate in eating and drinking and a friend to religious persons P. Diac. After Sylla the Romaine had resigned hys Dictatorshyp and became a priuate man a certaine young-man greatly reuiled him gaue him euill language euen before his own dwelling place hee nowe patiently bearing his speeches without any reuengement who before had caused many of his country-men to die for smaller offences tovvardes him Appian VVhen Nicodromos the Musitian had smytten Crates the Thebane on the face he ware a peece of paper on his forheade ouer the wound where in he wrote This did Nicodromos He vvould of purpose scold with harlots thereby to inure himselfe to beare al reproches the more patiently Dem. Phal VVhen the persecuted Christians complained against theyr aduersaries to Iulian the Emperour desiring iustice he ansvvered them It is your Maisters commaundement that you should beare all kinde of iniuries with patience Mauritius the Emperour beholding the death of his children vvith great patience vvhen he savve his vvife put to death cryed out O Lord thou art iust and thy iudgements are right Darius what ill hap soeuer chaunced vnto him hee tooke it patiently and vvas neuer troubled in minde for the same Herodotus Anaxagoras vvas much commended for so patiently bearing the death of his sonne for when newes was brought him that his sonne was dead he sayd I knew that I had begotten a mortall man Laertius Eretricus one of Zenos schollers beeing asked of his father what hee had learned aunswered hee would tell him by and by but hee thereat angry strooke his sonne vvho presently sayd vnto him This much haue I learned to beare patiently the wordes and blowes which my father giueth me Lycurgus hauing lost one of his eyes by the misbehauiour of Alcander towards him the Cittizens brought Alcander vnto him to be punished but he contrary to their request patiently dismissed him and pardoned the offence Thucidides Eusebius vvhen a vvicked vvoman of the sect of Arrius had vvillingly throwne a stone at him and therewithall had vvounded him to death he was so patiently minded and so farre from taking reuenge that hee svvore all his friends that were about him at the very howre of his death not to punish her for the same Xenophon Dion and Antigonus are faâ—ous for theyr singuler patience The Gymnosophists of India were so patient that from sunne rising till sunne setting they continued vpon the hote sand vvithout either meate or drinke The Lacedemonians were most patient in trauaile winde weather and warres Diogenes walking one day abroade in Athence wherein there was many images of such auncient men as had best deserued of the Common-wealth asked his almes of them all one after another and being asked why he did so I learne heereby quoth he to take deniall patiently The Hebrew Doctors figure the Asse as a perfect symbole of patience fortitude and clemencie Cor. Agrippa Because the Asse patiently yeeldeth his body to so many burdens in reward thereof he is neuer troubled with the lousie sicknesse Idem The Asse vvas so respected in the olde Testament that when God commaunded euery first borne to be slaine for sacrifice hee onely spared with men Asses Christ vvould haue the patient Asse a witnesse of his natiuitie Idem A certaine Philosopher vsurped the name not to the true vse of vertue but for ostentation sake to whom one sayd that hee would not repute him a vvise Phylosopher vnlesse he dyd vvith patience endure contumelies and iniuries vvhich hee a vvhile did suffer but boasting sayd Now doost thou see that I am a right Phylosopher but the other presently replyed I had vnderstood so much if thou hadst held thy peace Boetius Tyberius Caesar was commended of Suetonius for suffering in free citties free tongs Philip of Macedon asked the Embassadors of Athence vvhat pleasure hee might doe to them to vvhom they answered that it were the greatest pleasure to Athence if he would hang himselfe which the King patienly endured saying Your reprochfull wordes doe make King Philip better able to reuenge your malice by warres then moue him to aunswere your vnseeming speeches with words Alexander Seuerus beeing by some of hys friendes informed that he was greatly maligned of his people blamed of the Senators for the slender regard he had of the Citty he sayde It belongeth to Princes to requite the good and not remember the euill Herodian Harpalus was of exceeding patience being bidden by Astiages to supper vvhere he had tvvo sonnes of his ready drest and layde in a siluer charger before him on the table to bee eaten Iustinus Of Education There be two ages as Aristotle saith wherinto the institution of youth is to bee deuided namely from the age of seauen yeeres vntill foureteene and from foureteene to one twentie for they that deuide the ages by seuen most commonly say amisse but it is rather meete to follow the deuision of nature because euery Art and institution will supply the want of nature IN Persia Lacedemonia and sundry other Prouinces the Princes and the Nobilitie had alvvayes a special regard to commit the education of theyr chyldren to such men of learning as might instruct them in matters of vvisedome whereby they might proue profitable to their câ—untry Lycurgus to prooue that education could alter nature brought vp two whelps which had both one Damme the one to hunt the other to keepe house and afterward to try the conclusion he sette downe before them an Hare and a pot of pottage the one fell tâ— the pottage the other ranne after the Hare Aelianus Socrates and
the tongue ought to vtter nothinâ— that is iniurious to the Creator thereof P. Diacorius Socrates had alvvayes one and the same countenance all his life time hee was neuer sadder nor pleasanter for any thing that happened vnto him Plato P. Rutilius being vniustly banished neuer changed his behauiour neyther would put on any other Gowne then that he vsed to weare although it was the custome of such as were banished to alter the same Q. Metellus sirnamed Numidicus for conquering Numidia being banished went into Asia where he frequented playes and receauing letters froÌ„ the Senate to call him home againe the newes hee bare with as great modesty as his exile with constancy not departing from the Theater before the sports were ended One casting Diogenes in the teeth with his banishment from Pontus by the Synopians answered I haue bounded them with the Country of Pontus Aristides wheÌ„ Dionisius desired his daughter in marriage hee aunswered that hee had rather see her deade then the wife of a Tyrant And hauing slaine her he was againe asked if he continued in that mind I am quoth he sorry for the fact but glad that I haue so spoken Cato notwithstanding the affliction of hys Country in him was neuer seene any alteration but had alvvayes one cheere and one countenaunce as well beeing repulsed as when he was Pretor Plutarch It is recorded of Saint Anthony and Saint Hillary that they suffered wonderful temptations in the desert yet did not forbeare euen there to doe great seruice to theyr Creator Aulus Vitellius a most victorious Emperour of all others vvas so inconstant that he would say and vnsay with one breath and vvas as vvauering in all his actions as a vvethercocke Sextus Pompeius for his vvonderful mutabilitie vvas much defamed The Common-wealth of the Sicyonians endured longer then that of the Greekes Egyptians Lacedemonians or the Romains and the reason thereof vvas because that in seauen hundred and forty yeeres they neuer made any new lawes or brake their old Lact. The Egyptians rather choose to dye theâ— to reueale any secrets though they be neuer so much racked and tormented Macrob. Aesope the bondman of Demosthenes waâ— often vrged by torture to confesse his Maisters dealing with Iulian but could neuer be brought to acknovvledge any thing vntill at the length Demosthenes himselfe disclosed it Fulgosius Anasillus Captaine of the Athenians vvas taken of the Lacedemonians and put to the torture because hee shoulde tell vvhat hee knew and vvhat the King Agesilaus his master did intend to vvhom hee aunswered You Lacedemonians haue liberty to dismember mee but I haue none to reueale my Lordes secrets Plutarch Octauius Consull of Rome vvhen Marius was banished at his repeale was vvarned by the Augurs to take heede of him and Cinna but he constantly determining not to leaue the citty while he was Consull went to them in his roabes with the Roddes and the Axes carried before him and his friendes bringing him a horse to flee he refused so to doe but abode the stroake of Censorinus who carried his head to Cinna Appian Labienus who in Syllas tyme had kylled many that were proscribed thinking that himselfe might well be reproued if he should not suffer death resolutely went home to his house sate downe in his chayre and tarried the comming of those whom Anthonie sent to take away his lyfe Appian Of Friendship The Romaines perceiuing the necessitie of Friendship shadowed the same in the shape of a young man whose heade vvas bared and vpon his breast was written Sommer and VVinter who hauing his breast open putting his finger to his hart had therein sette Farre and neere on the skirts of his coate were drawn Life and death ARtorius a Romane at the siege of Ierusalem beeing in a place that was sette on fire looking from the top of the house sawe one of his friends by Titus to whom he said Friend Lucius get on thy armour and come neere that I may leap downe vpon thee and thou maist receiue me Lucius stood for his friende who light vpon him with such force that they both died which friendship Titus caused to be noted to after ages Vrbanus Alcibiades beeing desirous to know vvhether he had so many friendes as hee thought hee called them all one after another into a darke place shewed vnto them the image of a dead body saying that it was a man whoÌ„ he had killed and requesting them to helpe him to carry the same away amongst them all hee found none but Callias that vvoulde harken vnto him Cyrus alvvayes placed his friendes on hys left side as neere his hart Xenophon The friendship of Ionathan and Dauid could not bee hindered by the vvrath of the Father of the one nor any ioâ—e changed although he knew that his friend should afterward raigne ouer him notwithstanding hee were by inheritance to succeede next his father in the kingdome There was but one Orestes and yet Pylades called himselfe Orestes and was condemned to die vnder that name onelie to saue the life of his companyon Dion of Syracusa vvas slaine of Callicrates vvhom he alvvayes highly fauoured supposed to be the most assuredst friend hee had lyuing in the world Volumnius hearing of the death of his friende Lucullus came to Anthony desiring him to send his souldiours to kill him vpon the graue of his friend and bury him vvhich hee denying Volumnius vvent to his graue and there killed himselfe leauing a briefe by him vvherein was vvritten Thou that knewest the faithfull loue betweene Volumnus and Lucullus ioyne our bodyes beeing dead as our mindes were one being aliue Asmundus so deerely loued his friende Asotus that after hee vvas dead hee vvould needes be buried vvith him aliue Saxo. The Oracle of Apollo pronounced the amitie betweene Chariton and Menalippus to be heauenly diuine and celestiall Blossius humbly desired pardon of Lelius because hee tooke part with Gracchus hauing no greater reason to excuse himselfe but his great loue toward him which he confessed to be such that hee thought himselfe bound in friendshyp to doe whatsoeuer hee would haue him yea if it were to burne the Capitoll Cicero Lucilius when he sawe that his friend Brutus was compassed about with enemies hee with a few souldiers ran among theÌ„ and sayd that hee was Brutus that his friende might scape away Plut. Polytius gaue Scipio counsell that hee should neuer depart froÌ„ the publique place of authority before hee had got some nevve friende and wel-willer Phocion when a friend of his vvould haue cast himselfe away woulde not suffer hym saying I was made thy friend to this purpose Cicero writ to Atticus that a friende vvas bounde to wish but three thinges vnto his friend that he be healthy that hee be well accounted of and that he be not needy Archidamus vvhen he vvas chosen Arbitrator to decide a certaine contention betweene two friends brought them both into Dianas Temple and made them sweare vppon the Altar
enemies so many victories because in his Campe he suffered no vvemen Liuia Fuluia tolde her husband that vnlesse shee might lye out of his house one night he should neuer haue any quietnesse with her Aurelius Rotorra compounded with a Pirate on the sea that no woman for 2. yeres should serue his hundred souldiers but she alone Idem Semyramis vvhen shee had through her importancie obtayned of her husband Ninus the gouernment of the kingdome for fiue dayes that his nobles should for that time obey her shee caused her husband to bee presently apprehended and cast in pryson vvho impatient of this disgrace dashed out his owne braines Amongst the Amazons were two principal Queenes chosen from them all that both at home and abroad their affaires might be wel marshalled Lampedo gouerned at home Marpesia fought their battailes Clytemnestra the wife of Agamemnon to reuenge an iniury receaued froÌ„ her husband coÌ„mitted adultry with Aegisthus and afterward consented to his death Eurip. Fuluia the widdow of M. Marcellus seeing her husband buried in the field of Mars for griefe scratched her face tore her haire and fell downe into a sownd whom the Senators tooke vp but Cn. Flauius sayd Let her goe for she will doe all the penance of widdowes but presently whilst the bones of her husband were a burning she agreed to be married to another and more to one of the Senatours which had lifted her vp Septimius wife corrupted in loue by one of Anthonies friends was desirous of his harlot to become his wife causing him to speake to Anthony for her and foorth-with was Septâ—mius condemned whom she betrayed to the Souldiours in one day he was killed and she married Appian Salassus fearing the displeasure of Anthony got him to the top of his house from whence when hee saw his wife bringing the Souldiours to murder him threw himselfe headlong into the streets Appian The auntient Brittains did not only make women their Rulers in peace but their Leaders in warre Tacitus The Germaines preferred them before men themselues and were of opinion that some sacred and prouident thing remayned in them for which cause they did neyther reiect their counsailes nor set light by theyr aunswers and many of them were reputed amongst them for Prophetesses and as theyr superstition encreased they helde them as Goddesses Idem Zenobia writ a Chronicle of all the warres fought in Alexandria and made a collection of all the notable warres fought in the East parts So long as Mesa the Grandmother of Seuerus liued with him his estate was sure but folowing too much the fancies of his mother Mammea he ouerthrew him selfe Semyramis ruled worthily fought more valiantly then euer Xerxes durst with all his huge hoasts The mother of Seuerus did beare such sway with him that he banished his Empresse froÌ„ the Court and his bed vnto the vttermost Coasts of Africa The vviddow Empresse of Valens vvhen the Gothes had strongly besieged Constantinople where she was fought with so great courage against them that she enforced theÌ„ to raise their siege Cassiodorus Penelope was renowned for her chastity Alcesta the wife of Admetus chose to die to prolong her husbands life Euripides The Essenians were open enemies to women Minerua was borne without a mother as some write so faigned for that women haue no wisedome In the Spartane common-weale they had certaine officers named Gynecomones vvho had in charge to punish the insolency of women and to suppresse their arrogancy and pride The Romaine Censors had the lyke authority Of Marriage This contract of mariage called the contract of God as by him first instituted in paradize is called the bond of mutuall loue and reciprocall affection betweene man and wife ouer whom he ought to rule not as the Lord ouer his Seruant but as our Lord Sauior doth ouer the Church whose indissoluble knot who so seeke to dissunder combate with the Maiestie of God damning themselues through a secret alliance which they make with sathan CHrist honoured a mariage with his presence and a miracle Pompey comming among the Massagetes who vsed once a weeke to accompany their wiues demaunded the cause thereof vvho aunswered Because wee would not heare chydings in the day time nor their complaints in the night Venda Queene of Russia drowned her selfe therby to preuent them that made war for her to haue her in marriage seeing they could not win her by gentlenes Olaus M. Aurelius gaue this counsaile that a wise husband one that mindeth to liue peaceably with his wife ought aboue all things to obserue this rule to admonish her often to reprehend her sildome but neuer to lay hands vppon her The Romaines passed all other Nations in pompe ceremonies and comlines of marriage Cato a sworne enemy to vvomen neuer strooke his wife Xantippe Socrates wife reuiling and chyding him in the end being caried headlong into wrath ouer-threw table and all whervpon Euthydemus whom he had inuited to supper rose vp to depart but Socrates not shewing him selfe angry with his wife stayde him saying VVhat doe you not remeÌ„ber when we were at dinner with you a Hen leapt vpon the table and we sayd nothing nor were angry Cato depriued a Senator of Rome from his place because he kissed his wife in presence of his daughter Plut. Ruth desiring to bee couered with Booz cloak requested that he would acknowledge her for his lawfull wife P. Martyr Amongst the Greeks the childreÌ„ that maried without their Parents coÌ„sent were publiquely whipt and the Lacedemonians did not whip but disinherite them Laertius The Thebanes not onely ordayned they shold be disinherited but also cursed of their Parents openly Let no man esteeme it light to be cursed of their Parents for in olde time the Hebrewes children made more account of theyr Fathers blessing then of their Grandfathers inheritance The wife of Thucidides the Historiographer when she was asked how shee could indure her husbands stinking breath aunswered As no other but my husband hath come neere me so I thought all other mens breath had been of the same sauour Plut. Dionysius married two wiues in one day with whom hee slept and tooke his pleasure by turnes the one followed him in his warlike affayres the other entertained him in peace Plut. Paulina a woman in Rome had been maried to 22. husbands who afterwards marying one that had 20. wiues dyed in his life time wher-vpon the Romains crowned him with Lawrell in token of victory and caused him to carry a braunch of Palme in his hand at his wiues funerall Hierome The Hebrewes had such a reuerence to maried folks that he which had married a wyfe the same yeare should not be forced to goe on warfare Orosius The Romains did lay a penalty vpon their back that liued a single life nor would they suffer them to beare any office in the common-weale Plut. Augustus being a sore punisher of euill behauiour examined a Souldiour because he did not mary his wife
abused by her drunken Father knowing by his Ring shee tooke of from his finger that it was hee shee killed him at the Altar Plut. Of Sorrow This vexation of mind and sicknes of the bodie is a perturbation altogether contrarie to pleasure from whence doth spring repentance sadnesse freating lamentation carefulnes affliction mourning and desperation this is the last of the perturbations of the minde beeing in number foure A Certaine Nun vvas mother to P. Lombardus maister of the sentences Gratianus who when shee sawe them such notable men sayd she could not repent to whom her Confessor said Only sorrow because thou canst not sorrow P. Mar. The Iewes thought Ecclesiastes to bee Salomons repentance Idem Origen repenting himselfe being sorrie for that hee did in his adolescencie sayde I expounded the Prophet Abdias allegoricallie whose history I vnderstoode not Aeschines the Orator being as he was alwayes sicke did neuer complaine of the Spleene that did grieue him on the other part he did much lament for any sorow that otherwise happened vnto him Plutarch Telemachus helde this his greatest griefe that Iupiter had ended the race of his Father in him not giuing him a brother Homer King Xerxes when he saw that Ochus lay in waite for his brethren to put theÌ„ to death died for griefe thereof Plantius the Numidian looking vpon hys dead wife tooke such griefe to his hart that casting himselfe vpon the dead body he rose no more but was stifled vvith sorrow Diodorus the Logitian dyed for sorrovve because he was not able to aunswer the questions of Stilpo Laertius M. Coriolanus being banished Rome became enemy to her but his mother Veturia comming vnto him vpbraiding him with his fault he found his error layd dovvne his armes went out of the field and dyed vvith greefe of minde Liuius Homer dyed with suddaine sorrovve because he could not aunswer a question which a Fisherman propounded vnto him Plu. The Romaine Matrons bewailed the death of Brutus one whole yeere as a cheefe defender of theyr chastities Eutrop. Torquatus the younger being banished froÌ„ his Fathers house for greefe thereof slevve himselfe There was great contention betweene Sophocles and Aeschilus about versifying in which by the iudgement of those that were present Sophocles was preâ—erred vvhich Aeschilus tooke so greeuously that he fledde forthwith into Sicilia where hee lyued obscuâ—ely and in the end died miserably The lyke is written of Calchas a Soothsayer at his returne from Troy being ouercom of Mopsus one of his owne profession Homer Niceratus for that Antimachus verses vvritten in the prayse of Lisander vvere by him more esteemed then his although by iudgement of the learned Niceratus were better hee was so greeued that hee forsooke his studies but Plato by counsell turned his minde and of a dissolute made him a diligent studient in Poetry Themistocles mother for very griefe conceiued that her sonne in his youth vvas gyuen to all kinde of vvickednesse hanged her selfe P. Rutilius vvhen hee heard that his Brother desiring to be made a Consul in Rome had taken the repulse for very angush of minde dyed By the lawes of the twelue tables of Rome all sorrovve and vveeping at funeralls vvas forbidden Lepidus by a long griefe conceiued of the misbehauiour of his vvife shortned his own dayes Dioxippus before Alexander onely vvith a club challenged Corrhagus beeing all armed to enter combat with him vvhen â—ee had smitten Corrhagus speare out of his hand hee closed vvith him and laying fast hold vpon his armour hee threw him down then sette his foote vpon his necke and gored him through the body with his svvord for vvhich acte Alexander hated him whervpon Dioxippus tooke inward thought gaue such scope vnto inward force of fantasie that hee pyned and consumed away with griefe of minde Timanthes when hee had finished the picture of Iphigenia in colours set foorth Calchas to bee sorrowfull for the same but Vlisses more sad and to make her Father Agamemnon seeme most sorrowfull he painted him with his face couered The Poets faine Prometheus to bee tyed vpon the top of the Mountaine Caucasus an Eagle to be gnawing of his hart whereby they signifie no other thing but the great sadnes of Prometheus gotten by contemplating the starres and Planets The poesie of the Pythagorians vvas The hart should not be eaten Caesar neuer feared Anthony Dolobella or any other that was of a merry countenaunce but rather doubted sadde mellancholie persons such as Brutus and Cassius vvas Crassus was called Gelastos for that he was once seene to laugh in his life Anaxagoras Clazomenius vvas noted that hee neuer was seene to laugh or smyle from the day of his byrth Aristoxenus did vvonderfully bridle himselfe from laughter Heraclitus was at such defiance with mirth that hee wept continually and Democritus alwaies laughed Laertius Bibuâ—us hearing of the death of both hys children in one day lamented their losse that one day and no more Anaxagoras hearing tell that his sonne was dead aunswered It is no meruaile for I begot a mortall body P. Varro remained so sorrowful in his hart to see himselfe ouercome of his enemies his vvife suddainely dead that all the time he after liued he neither combed his head slept in bed nor dined at the table Liuius The Romaines were so sorrowfull for the death of Augustus Caesar that they vvished hee had neuer beene borne or being borne neuer dyed Eutropius Of Lying This contrary to truth nature maketh that seeme very good which is euill and causeth the tongue to become a member of iniustice when it vttereth more or lesse then is indeed vnder this vice are contained Deceipt Dissimulation Crâ—â—t Hipocrisie Idolatry and cousenage THrough a lye Ioseph was cast into pryson and Saint Chrisostome sent into banishment The Egyptians ordained death to lyers so dyd the Scythians and Garamantes The Persians and Indians depriued him of all honour and farther speech which lyed The Gymnosophists and Chaldeans barred lyers all companies and dignities and condemned them to remaine in perpetuall darknes without speaking The very wormes did eate the tongue of the cousoner Nestorius in his lyfe time Nicephorus Popiel King of Poland had euer this wishe in his mouth If it be not true I would the Rats might eate mee vvhich came to passe for he was so assayled by theÌ„ at a banquet that neyther his guards nor fire nor water could defend him from them Munster Some write that an Archbishop of Magunce died the lyke death The Emperor Traiane sirnamed the good Prince tooke away from the sonne of Cebaâ—us the kingdom of Dacia which we terme at this day Transiluania and Valachia onely because he caught him in a lye and â—old him that Rome could not permit a lyer to possesse a kingdome After that one had reade vnto Alexander the great History out of Aristobulus wherin he had intermingled certaine counterfaite prayses he â—â—ong the booke into the Ryuer saying The writer
marriage that as the heauens coulde not suffer two Sunnes to rule so the earth might not permit two Alexanders Of Enuie The most auncient vice of the world is Enuy and that which shall not end vntill the vvorlde end is Enuie THE Poets haue alwaies written that the enuious persons are continually tormeÌ„ted by Megera one of the Furies of hell Caligula offered sacrifice to Enuie as fearing himselfe to be subiect to her furie and therfore desirous to stand in her grace Dion Aristotle enuied Isocrates so much that he vvas wont to say It were a shame for Aristotle to hold his peace and let Isocrates speake Homer had his Zoilus Virgill his Meuius Cicero his Lycinius yea the Gods themselues had theyr Momus Fauorinus was vvont to wonder hovve he coulde lyue because the Emperour Adrian enuied him and therefore on a time yeelding to the Emperour in a certaine disputation vvhen his friends that stood by meruailed thereat he sayd shall not I yeeld to him that hath twenty legions of souldiours Plato and Xenophon Demosthenes and Aeschines greatly despised each other Antoninus and Geta brothers successors in the Empire to Seuerus theyr Father enuied so each other that Antoninus slew hys brother Geta that he might rule alone Herodian The Athenians through the enuy they bare to Themistocles caused Timocreon a Rhodian Poet in his verses to report him a couetous person a violater of his fayth and no keeper of hospitalitie Caligula vvas wont for enuie to those hee met to shaue theyr haires of behinde hee was so enuious that if hee saw any Romaine that had faire golden hayre he would cut it off with his owne hands Sueto Anthony caused the head of Cicero to bee set before him when he was at meat hys vvife Fuluia pulled out the tongue thereof and wore it in her bonnet Plutarch Metellus at what time Pompey was appoynted to succeed him in his office of Proconsulshyp in Spayne for enuy threof brake all the furniture of warre consumed all the victuals famished all the Elephants suffering his souldiours to doe vvhat iniury they could against Pompey Plato being in Aegina it was told the chiefe Iudge that a man of Athence was in the Cittie which ought by law to die he calling Plato before him demaunded what hee vvas Plato aunswered a Phylosopher one enuious of him and good letters hearing the name of Phylosopher sayd thys is no man but a beast then replyed Plato saying I ought to be free by law beeing a beast and no man vvherevpon they dismissed hym Laertius Politian writ to an enuious man thou enuiest all things to all men except enuie and the same thou doost enuie in another man which is more enuious then thy selfe The mortall hatred betwixt Caesar and Pompey was not because the one had iniured the other but for that Pompey had enuie of that great fortune of Caesars in fighting and Caesar of the great grace Pompey had in gouernment Suetonius Themistocles beeing demaunded by one that met him why hee was sad aunswered The sorrow that I haue is for that in 22. yeeres since I was borne I thinke not that I haue doone any thing worthy memory because I see no man in all Athence beareth me enuie Plutarch The Salamines buried theyr deade vvith theyr backes turned against the Agarenes vvhich were theyr mortall enemies shewing thereby that their enmitie endured not only in time of theyr lyfe but also vvhen they were dead Publius seeing Mutius a dogged enuious man sadder then hee was wont to be sayd Eyther some misfortune is befallen Mutius or else some good fortune to those that hee enuieth Macrobius So mortall vvas the hatred betweene the two bretheren Eteocles and Polynices that vvhen theyr bodyes according to the custome of the Countrey were burned the flame parted in sunder shewing therby that theyr enuie was not ended in death Seneca Caligula was desirous of his ovvne ease yet hee was enuious to those that vvere at ease as well as he Sueto He enuied Homer so much that being determined vpon a time to abolish the memory of him he sayd that hee might well haue as much power as Plato to vveede him out of his Common-wealth Suetonius Dyonisius the tyrant to auoyd enuie aduaunced a man that was wicked greatly hated of the people and beeing demaunded vvhy he did so Because quoth hee I meant to haue a man in my Realme that shall bee more hated then my selfe So mortall was the enuie between Themistocles and Arestides that Themistocles said to the Athenians Except yee cast mee and Aristides out of the Citty into the bottome of the sea ye shall neuer haue a quiet Athence Alexander would not that Aristotle should publish those bookes which hee had read to him because hee desired alone to passe all others in learning and feates of warre Alcibiades to auoyde the ouer-great enuie of the people to turne aside the euill speeches they had of him cutte of the tayle of a dogge that he had bought very deere and draue him thorow the Citty to the intent hee might busie mens heades about talke of his dogge and not about other matters Narsetes being an Egiptian borne was very much enuied of the Romaines because he daily encreased in honour and riches Had not that which Carmenta or Nicostrata the vvife of Euander writ of the warrs of Troy beene at that tyme throught enuie throwne into the fire the name of Homer had without doubt at thys day remayned obscure Aurelius Viriatus a Spanyard King of the Lusitanians and a great enemy to the Romaines was so aduenturous in all hys vvarres and valiant in person that they by the space of fifteene yeeres could neuer haue victory of him but when they saw by experience that he was inuinsible through enuy they caused him to be poysoned Alexander could not abide Perdiccas because hee was warlike he hated Lysimachus because he was cunning in ordering a battell he enuied Seleucus because hee vvas full of prowesse and courage hee abhorred Antigonus because he vvas ambitious hee grudged at Attalus because his power was princ-like Plutarrh Plato enuied Democritus because he made no mention of him in his bookes thinking that he made no account of him It is an old custome to murmure at vertuous deedes Socrates was reproued of Plato Plato of Aristotle Aristotle of Auerrois and Ramus Sicilius of Vulpitius Lelius of Varro Marinus of Ptolomeus Ennius of Homer Seneca of Aul. Gellius Cratonestes of Strabo Thesalleo of Gellian Hermagoras of Cicero Cicero of Salust Origen of Hierome Hierom of Ruffinus Ruffinus of Donatus Donatus of Prosper and Prosper of Lupus Of Wrath. This vice proceedeth from the ouer-much inâ—â—med blood about the heart the which by no â—eanes yeeldeth leasure to vnderstand the cirâ—umstances which reason teacheth THE manner of the Pythagorians was much commended who when they had once vttered their choller would take one â—nother by the hand and louingly embrace before euening The carriage of
flying foules Mulcasses king of Thunis after he was deâ—riued of his kingdome in his returne out of Almaigne being without hope that the Emperour Charles the fift vvould helpe him at â—ll hee spent one hundred crownes vpon a Peacock dressed for him P. Iouius Maximilian the Emperour deuoured in one day forty pounds of flesh and drunke an â—ogshead of vvine Geta the Emperour for three dayes together continued his feastiual and his delicates vvere brought in by the order of the Alphabet Astydamas beeing inuited by Ariobarzaâ—es to a banquet eate vp al that alone which vvas prouided for diuers guests Vopisc There vvas a contention betweene Hercules and Lepreas vvhich of them both should first deuoure an Oxe in which attempt Lepreas vvas ouer-come afterwards hee chalenged him for drinking but Hercules vvas his maister Aelianus Aglais vvhose practise was to sounde the trumpet deuoured at euery meale tvvelue poundes of flesh with as much bread as tvvo bushels of wheate vvould make and three gallons of vvine Philoxenes a notorious glutton vvished he had a necke like a Crane that the svveetâ— meate vvhich he eate might bee long in going downe Rauisius Lucullus at a solemne and costly feast he made to certaine Embassadors of Asia aâ—mong other things he did eate a Griph boiâ—led and a Goose in paste Macrob. Salust in his inuectiue against Cicero aâ—mongst many graue matters vvhereof he accused him he spake of his wanton excesse as hauing poudred meats from Sardinia anâ— wines from Spayne Lucullus tooke great paynes himselfe iâ— furnishing of a feast and when he was askeâ— vvhy he was so curious in setting out a banâ—quet hee aunswered That there was as greaâ— discretion to be vsed in marshalling of a feast 〈◊〉 in the ordering of a battaile that the one mighâ— be terrible to his enemies and the other acceptable to his friends Plut. In Rhodes they that loue fish are accounted right curteous and free-harted men buâ— he that delighteth more in flesh is ill though of and to his great shame is reputed a bond slaue to his belly Aelianus Sergius Galba was a deuouring and glutâ—tonous Emperour for he caused at one banquet 7. thousand byrds to be killed Suet. Xerxes hauing tasted of the figges of Aâ—hence sware by his Gods that hee vvoulde â—ate no other all his life after and went forthâ—vith to prepare an Army to conquer Greâ—ia for no other cause but to fill his belly full of the figges of that Country Plut. Plato returning out of Sicill into Greece told his schollers that he had seen a monster meaning Dionisius because hee vsed to eate â—wice a day Idem Aristotle mocking the Epicures sayd that â—pon a time they vvent all into a temple together beseeching the Gods that they wold gyue them necks as long as Cranes and Heâ—ons that the pleasures and tastes of meates might be more long complayning against Nature for making their necks too short The Sicilians dedicated a Temple to Glutâ—ony and erected images to Bacchus Ceâ—es the God and goddesse of vvine corne Pausanias M. Manlius in times past made a booke of diuers vvayes hovv to dresse meate and another of the tastes sauces and diuers meanes of seruices vvhich were no sooner published but by the decree of the Senate they were burned and if hee had not fled speedily â—nto Asia he had been burned with them There was a lawe in Rome called Fabia bâ— which it was prohibited that no man shoulâ— dispend in the greatest feast hee made abouâ— an hundred Sexterces Aul. Gellius The law Licinia forbad all kindes of sauce at feastes because they prouoke appetite are cause of great expence Idem The lawe Ancia charged the Romaines tâ— learne all kinde of sciences but cookerie The law Iulia vvas that none should bee 〈◊〉 hardie as to shutte theyr gates vvhen theâ— vvere at dinner that the Censors of the Citâ—tie might haue easie accesse into theyr houâ—ses at that time to see if their ordinary werâ— according to their ability Macrob. Nisaeus a tyrant of Syracuse vvhen he vnderstood by his Soothsayers that he had noâ— long to liue the little time hee had left heâ— spent in belly-cheere and drunkennesse anâ— so dyed Rauisius Mar. Anthonius set foorth a booke of hyâ— drunkennesse in which hee prooued thosâ— prancks he played when hee vvas ouercomâ— with vvine to be good and lawfull Plut. Darius had written vpon his graue thys inâ—scription I could drinke good store of wine beare it well Rauisius Ptolomey vvho in mockery vvas calleâ— Philopater because hee put to death his Father and mother through wine and women dyed like a beast Valer. Lacydes a Phylosopher by too much drinking fell into a palsie whereof he dyed Aruntius a Romaine beeing drunken deflowred his own daughter Medullina whom she forthwith killed Plutarch Tiberius Caesar vvas preferred to a Pretorshyp because of his excellencie in drinking Diotimus was sirnamed Funnell or Tunnell because he gulped downe wine through the channell of his throate vvhich was powred into a Funnell the end whereof was put into his mouth vvithout interspiration betweene gulpes Rauisius In the feast of Bacchus a crowne of golde vvas appoynted for him that coulde drinke more then the rest Agron the King of Illyrium fell into a sicknesse of the sides called the Plurisie by reason of his excessiue drinking and at last died thereof Cleio a vvoman was so practised in drinking that shee durst challenge all men and vvomen what soeuer to try maisteries who could drinke most and ouercome all Cleomenes king of Lacedemonia beeing disposed to carouse after the manner of the Scythians dranke so much that hee became and continued euer after sencelesse Cyrillus sonne in his drunkennes wickedly slevv that holy man his father his mother great with child he hurt his two sisters and deflowred one of them August Androcides a Gentleman of Greece hearing of Alexanders excesse in drunkennesse vvrote a letter to him wherein was a Tablet of gold with these words thereon ingrauen Remember Alexander when thou drinkest wine that thou doost drinke the blood of the earth Those of Gallia Transalpina vnderstanding that the Italians had planted Vines in Italy came to conquer theyr Countrey so that if they had neuer planted Vines the French-men had not destroyed the Countrey Liuius Foure old Lombards being at banquet together the one dranke an health rounde to the others yeeres in the end they challenged two to two and after each man had declared how many yeeres old he was the one dranke as many times as he had yeeres and likewise his companion pledged him the one vvas 58. the second 63. the third 87. the last 92. so that a man knoweth not vvhat they did eate or drinke but he that dranke least dranke 58. cups of vvine P. Diaconus Of thys euill custome came the lawe that the Gothes made that is VVee ordaine and commaund vppon paine of death that no olde men vpon payne of death shoulde drinke to one anothers health at the
table Idem Of Lechery This bewitching euill beeing an vnbrideled appetite in whomsoeuer it raigneth killeth all good motions of the minde altereth dryeth weakeneth the body shortning lyfe diminishing memory and vnderstanding CYrena a notorious strumpet vvas sirnamed Dode camechana for that shee inuented and found out tvvelue seuerall waies of beastly pleasure Cor. Arip Proculeius the Emperour of an hundred Sarmatian virgins he tooke captiue he deflowred tenne the first night and all the rest vvithin fifteene dayes after Hercules in one night deflowred fiftie Theophrastus writeth of an Indian hearbe vvhich who so eateth is able to performe 70. seuerall actions Iohannes á Casa Archbishop of Beneuento and Legate in Venice vvrit a booke in praise of the abhominable vice of Sodomitrie Sigismond Malatesta striued to haue carnall knowledge of his sonne Robert vvho thrusting his dagger into his fathers bosom reuenged his wickednes Cleopatra had the vse of her brother Ptolomeus company as of her husbands Antiochus stayed a whole vvinter in Chalcidea for one mayde which he there fancied Lust vvas the cause of the vvarres between the Romaines and the Sabines Liuius Thalesthis Queene of the Amazons came 25. dayes iourney to lie vvith Alexander Iustinus Adultery in Germany is neuer pardoned Tacitus Messalina and Popilia vvere so incontinent that they coÌ„tended vvith most shamefull harlots prostrating themselues without respect of time place or company to any though neuer so base Plut. Claudius deflowred his owne sisters and Semiramis burned in beastly lust tovvards her sonne Ninus Nero caused Atticus a Romaine Consull to be slayne that hee might the more conueniently enioy the company of his wife Corn. Tacitus Commodus not contented with his three hundred Concubines coÌ„mitted incest vvith his owne sisters Herodian Caligula dyd the like but the one vvas slaine by his vvife the other by his Concubine Adultery was the cause of the first alteration of the Citty of Rome Eutrop. Sempronia a vvoman well learned in the Greeke and Sappho no lesse famous defended luxurie and lust by their writings Cleopatra inuited Anthony to a banquet in the prouince of Bithinia in the vvood Sesthem where at one instance of threescore young virgines fiftie and fiue were made mothers Cleophis a Queene of India saued her kingdome and subiects from destruction by a nights lodging with Alexander by whom she had a sonne called Alexander vvho was afterward King of India shee was euer after called Scortum Reginum Iustine Heliogabalus not onely deflowred but also married a virgine Vestall saying it vvas reason that Priests shoulde marry Nunnes because that in times past hee had beene Priest of the Sunne Iane Queene of Naples was hanged vp for her aduoutry in the very same place vvhere shee had hanged her husband Andreas afore because he was not as shee sayd able to satisfie her beastly desire Feron King of Egypt had beene blind 10. yeeres and in the eleuenth the Oracle told hym that he should recouer his sight if hee washed his eyes in the vvater of a vvoman vvhich neuer had to doe with any but her husband vvhereupon hee first made tryall of his owne vvife but that dyd him no good after of infinite others which did him all as little saue onely one by whom hee recouered his sight and then hee put all the rest to death Herodot Iulia the daughter of Augustus vvas so immodest shamelesse and vnchast that the Emperour was neuer able to reclaime her and vvhen shee was admonished to forsake her bad kinde of lyfe and to follow chastitie as her Father dyd shee aunswered That her Father forgotte that hee was Caesar but as for herselfe shee knew well enough that shee was Caesars daughter Cornelius Gallus and Q. Elerius tvvo Romaine Knights dyed in the very action of theyr filthy lust Plinie Arichbertus eldest sonne vnto Lotharius King of Fraunce dyed euen as hee was embracing his whores Alcibiades was burned in his bed with hys Curtezan Timandra Plut. The Egyptians punishments against adultery was to cut of the nose of the vvoman and the priuie parts of the man Alexander when a woman was brought to him one euening demaunded of her vvhy shee came so late she aunswered that shee stayed vntill her husband was gone to bed VVhich he no sooner heard but he sent her away being angry with theÌ„ that had almost made him commit adultery He was angry with Cassander because hee would by force kisse a minstrels maid Rodolphus King of Lombardie beeing taken in adultery was slaine by the vvomans husband whom he abused Roderigo King of Spayne was depriued of his kingdome life by the Sarazins who vvere called in by an Earle called Iulian that he might be auenged of the king for forcing his daughter Caelius Rhodoginus in his 11. booke of antiquities telleth of a certain man that the more he vvas beaten the more he feruently desired vvomen The vvidowe of the Emperour Sigismund intending to marry againe one perswaded her to spende the remainder of her life after the manner of the Turtle-Doue who hath but one make If you counsell mee quoth shee to followe the example of byrds why doe you not tell me of Pidgions Sparrowes which after the death of their makes doe ordinarilie couple themselues with the next they meet Hiero King of Syracusa banished the Poet Epicharmus for speaking vvantonly before his vvife and that very iustly for hys vvife vvas a true mirrour of chastitie Sulpitius Gallus put away his wife by deuorce because shee went abroad vnmasked Pompey caused one of his souldiers eyes to be put out in Spaine for thrusting his hand vnder a womans garment that was a Spanyard and for the like offence did Sertorius commaund a footeman of his band to be cut in peeces Sabellicus If Caracalla had not seene his mothers thigh he had not married her Suetonius Speusippus the Phylosopher one of Platoes followers vvas slaine for his adulterie Tertullianus Tigellinus dyed amongst his Concubines Tacitus Rodoaldus King of Lombardy was slaine with a certaine matrone euen in the action of their concupiscence Paulus Diaconus By the law of Moses adulterers were stoned with rigour which our law doth not obâ—erue for were it to bee so in these dayes wee should not finde stones enough to fulfill it A Nunne finding in her Booke at the bottome of the leafe these vvordes Bonum est omnia scire determined to try what the carnall copulation of man and woman might â—ee but turning ouer the leafe shee sawe in the beginning thereof Sed non vti vvhereâ—pon to her greefe shee altered her purpose and her ioy lasted but a while Rutilius Consull of Rome caused the temple of Lucina to bee burned because his daughter great with child made her vow and kept her 9. vigils and vpon more deuotion was desirous to bee deliuered in the temple The Persians would not shew their wiues vnto strangers Iosephus The Tarentines and the Capuans were very mortall ennemies by chaunce one one day in the campe of the
â—nd reason which is in men this soule is â—â—kened to a circle because of her perfection â—nd containing for of all the figures of the â—ame length the circle is most most conâ—ayneth and whosoeuer hath the soule Reasonable hath also the Sensible and Vegitable sed non é contra Aristotle The soule beeing once made shall endure euermore in body or out of body and that shall neuer be sayde that it vvas made by the Image of GOD if it were closed in the bonds of death Augustine Plato calleth the soule a beeing which only mooueth it selfe Zeno termeth it a number which mooueth it selfe Pythagoras an harmony Democritus a subtile and vncertaine spyrite Aselepiades saith it is a manner of cord that setteth the fiue Sences a vvorke Porphyrius Idea Hippocrates a subtile spirit spred through all the body and Epicâ—â—rus a kinde of fire and ayre Pythagoras maintained Palingenesia whicâ— is that soules departed returne into otheâ— bodies Hee sayde that hee remembred thaâ— hee was Euphorbius at the sacke of Troy Ouid. There vvas an auncient lavve vnder Saturne that vvhen good men departed out of thys lyfe they be sent into the fortunate Iles vvhich Iles the Poet Pyndarus describeth the vvicked are sent into the Iaile of vengeance which he calleth Tartarus Plutarch imitating Plato bringeth in Thespesias raysed from the dead to discourse of the lyfe to come De sera numinis vindicta The Thracians vvere sirnamed the neuer-dying Getes vvho vvere of opinion that after theyr departure out of thys vvorld they vvent to Zamolrix or Gebelezie that is in the Getish of Goatish tongue to him that gaue them health saluation and all kind of happinesse Cleombrotus a Phylosopher when he had reade a Treatise of the immortalitie of the soule presently slew himselfe so did Cato of Vtica Plutarch That which Virgill sayth in his second Egâ—â—gue concerning the drugge or spice of Asâ—ria called Amomum and the going thereof â—uery vvhere is of some interpreted to bee â—eant of the immortalitie of the soule the â—octrine wherof Pherecides brought thence â—â—to Greece that it should bee vnderstoode â—hroughout the vvorld The taking of Enoch into heauen of God â—vas doone that the vvorlde might thereby â—nderstand and beleeue that there is immorâ—ality after this lyfe The Indians burne themselues before they â—ome to extreame age terming it the letting of men loose and the freeing of the soule froÌ„ the body and the sooner they did it the vviser they vvere esteemed Porphyrius Zeno sayd that he had rather see an Indian burne himselfe cheerefully then to heare all the Phylosophers of the vvorlde discoursing the immortality of the soule The people that dwell by the riuer Niger otherwise called the people of Seneca in Affrica offer themselues vvith great willingnes to bee buried quicke with their maisters vvherevpon Zeno sayd that all the demonstrations of Logicke and Mathematick had not so much force to proue the immortality of the soule as this onely deed of theirs Alexander asked a Gymnosophist vvheâ—ther there were more men aliue then deade he sayd there were more aliue because noâ—â— are dead Plutarch All the learning of the Sages Scythians was grounded vppon the immortality of the soule The Schollers of Hegesias hearing there Maister discoursing of the immortalitie of soules departed out of thys lyfe vvere so rauished with his words that they vvillinglie killed themselues Plutarch The soules of Saints in heauen knowe nothing vvhat is doone vpon the earth for if they did said August my mother Monicha would bee with mee euery night to comfort me in my heauines de ciuit Dei Plinie the elder denying the immortalitie of the soule vvhilst hee was ouer curious in searching out the cause of the burning Aetna was burned therein A iust punishment for him to end his life by smoake who esteemed the soule no better then a vapour Origen attributeth vnto the soules departed a place vpon the earth where they learn those thinges which they knewe not vvhile they liued As the Papists frame a Purgatorie so he an Eruditory P. Mart. Philoronimus a priest of Galatia liued sixe â—â—eres in dead mens vaults and Sepulchers â—â—at bee might alwayes remember that hee â—as dead to the vvorld and aliue to Christ. â—â—aclides Pope â—eo commanded two Phylosophers 〈◊〉 discourse of the soule the one to proue â—e immortalitie the other that it was morâ—ll and when the Pope was to giue iudgeâ—ent hee sayde to him that had maintained â—he immortality Thou hast argued the truth â—ut the reasons of the other sauour of more pleaâ—â—re and liberty Luther The soules of Tyrants are composed of arogancie and cruelty Plutarch Of all the fiue Sences the sight is most piercing and subtile for the kinde thereof is â—erie Benedictus had such a power in his eye eueÌ„ to his superiors that with a looke he caused a furious and audatious King of the Goaths to quake and tremble Plautianus had such a terror in his countenance that the lookers on him were dauÌ„ted for this cause when he went abroade he had â—â—teambulones to Marshall the way and giue warning of his coÌ„ming that they might not behold him Herodianus Comodus was of so perfect ayme sighâ— that what soeuer he shot at he killed and 〈◊〉 Herodotus writeth he slew a hundred wild beasts at a hundred shot Amongst all lyuing creaturs GOD hatâ— onely giuen immoouable eares to men and Apes Aristotle Those that dwel by the riuer Nilus are very deafe by reason of the horrible noyse 〈◊〉 thereof Ambrose The Emperour Claudius seeing the meate that was prepared for the Salian Priests dyd forthâ—with leaue all his serious affayres and vvent to dinner vvith them Suetonius Griffons haue so quicke a smell that they smell carryon ouer or beyond the Seas Ambrose Touching is a vertue in the sinewes of all the body being the sence wherein all the other imprint theyr passions Auicen There is an hearbe called Spartonica oâ— Sâ—ytica vvhich beeing tasted or helde in the mouth the Scythians therby are able to endure hunger cold twelue dayes together Plinie Of Clemencie This vertue by the Grecians is called Philanâ—ropia which signifieth the law of mankind her â—ranches are thankefulnes pitty and liberaâ—itie TItus Sonne of the Emperour Vespasian for his wonderfull clemency was called Deliciae humani generis Iosephus Antonius for his pitty was sirnamed Pius â—he as neuer Emperor before him did raigned without the effusion of any blood Traian when he was blamed by some of his friends for his ouer much clemency answered I will be vnto my Subiects as I would my Subiects should be to mee for the gentlenes of a Prince neuer hurteth his estate Suetonius Phillip King of Macedonia would not punish Nicanor although he openly spake euill of him saying when he heard therof I suppose that hee is a good man it were better to search whether the fault be in vs or no. Dion hauing ouercom Dionisius restoâ—ed his Cuntries liberty forgaue Heraclides one of his