consisteth partly in the duties of Superiors towards their Inferiors and so of the contrary of which duties as also of Civil order comprised under them is spoken in the Fifth Commandment partly in the duties of one Neighbor towards another which are ratified in the rest of the Commandments 2. Internal which consisteth in the internal affection of the heart being the very uprightness of mens affections towards their Neighbor which is to be included and understood in all the former Commandments and is prescribed in the Tenth and last Commandment In what respect the Second Table is said to be like unto the First viz. 1. As touching the kinde of the chief Worship also in respect of the Ceremonial which are not the chief Worship of God 2. As touching the kindes of Eternal Punishment because the transgression of both Tables meriteth eternal punishment 3. As touching the unseparable coherence of the Love of God and our Neighbor which love of God is declared and exercised by our love to our Neighbor The Reasons for which obedience is to be yielded to the Second Table 1. That in this Obedience God himself may be worshipped and our love towards him shewed by our love towards our Neighbor for his sake 2. That by the love of our Neighbor our conformity with God may appear 3. That the Society of Mankinde may be preserved which was ordained of God for the celebration and magnifying of his Name Certain Rules concerning the substance and meaning of the Decalogue in general and for Expounding the Commandments viz. 1. The Moral Law or Decalogue is to be understood according to the Interpretation of Scripture not according to the sense or judgement of man onely or of Moral Philosophy 2. The Decalogue requireth in all the Commandments obedience both external and internal chargeth the understanding heart and affection commandeth perfect obedience not in parts onely but also in degrees not onely in all the duties but also in the degrees of these duties 3. The obedience of the First Commandment must be the motive or final Cause of our obedience towards the rest of the Commandments otherwise it is not the Worship of God but hypocrisie whatsoever we do 4. We must above all things consider the drift or end of each Commandment for the end of the Law sheweth the meaning thereof and by the end we shall judge aright and easily of the means 5. We must know that the same vertue is often in a diverse respect commanded in diverse Commandments that is the same vertue is required for performing of obedience unto many Commandments 6. In Affirmative Commandments commanding Vertues are comprehended the Negative forbidding the contrary Vices so likewise in Negative Commandments are comprehended the Affirmative Vertues 7. We must take heed that we restrain not the Commandments and take them too straitly for in the General all the Specials and in the chief Special the next allyed Specials and in the Effect the Causes be contained So that under one kinde manifest are all of like sort whether commanded or forbidden yea and the Means whereby the things are done are also commanded or forbidden 8. The Obedience or Commandments of the Second Table yield or give place to the Obedience or Commandments of the First Table The Commandments of the First Table are absolutely to be kept and for themselves the other of the Second Table are to be kept for the First Though they are alike as concerning the kinde of Moral Worship the kinde of punishment and as concerning their coherence or connexion 9. Every Negative Commandment doth binde always and at and unto all times Every Affirmative Commandment doth onely binde always but not at and unto all times also 10. Howsoever the least Commandment is not so small but the breach thereof deserveth Eternal Death yet the breaches of some Commandments are greater and more heinous then of others 11. There is so near a relation betwixt all the Commandments of the Moral Law that whosoever observeth all saving onely in one point is guilty of all James 2.10 Because one and the same is the Author of them all 12. To the breach of every Commandment there is annexed a curse although it be not expressed The use of the Commandments 1. To lay open our Miseries Rom. 7.7 9 13 14 18. 2. To whip us to Christ Gal. 3.24 3. To be our Guide in all things that we are to do when we are come to him Mat. 19.17 18. There are certain Libertine Antinomies who contend That the Law is not to be taught in the Church of Christ misinterpreting the Sacred Text to cloke their Rebellion against the Law of God with a pretence of Obedience to the Spirit of Regeneration But this Heresie was long since refuted Mat. 5.17 Rom. 3.31 The Law 's voyce was Thunder the Tables Stone Break one and all who keeps not all keeps none Most sweetly tun'd they to each other are In Practice then thou may'st not make them jar Obedience they do for each other call A joynt Obedience is requir'd in all But who can keep the Law Who 's just an hour Frail Man hadst thou a Will where is thy Power Though since the Fall this is thy power above Yet is the Law fulfill'd by Christ and Love The First COMMANDMENT §. 1. I am the Lord thy God Thou shalt have no other gods but me THerefore thou shalt have Me that Jehovah which have manifested my self in the World by my Creation Preservation and Government thereof that Jehovah which have declared my self in my Church by the Participation and Manifestation of my self to be the true God that God alone Therefore Thou shalt have none other gods that is beside me the onely true God neither shalt thou have them before me that is in my sight that is in thy heart or elswhere Now not to have the true God is either to have no God or to have more Gods or another then the known God or not to acknowledge God to be such unto us as he is manifested Likewise not to trust in God and to subject and submit our selves unto God in true humility and patience not to hope for all good things from him alone not to love and fear him for we are here commanded to have the Lord for our God that is to love him above all to fear him above all to put our whole trust in him and to make our prayers to him alone And he onely hath no other gods who is so dead to the world and doth so adhere to God that he is neither puffed up with Riches nor cast down with Poverty nor swelled with Honor nor pined with Ignominy nor made joyful by Life nor afraid of Death but this sufficeth him That he hath God knowing his Savior disdain'd both Riches and Glory and Pleasure and Life The Preface of this Commandment belongeth to the whole Decalogue and the Commandment it self is mixed with a Negative Prohibition and an Affirmative Command The Duty
thy self Directions to keep us from fainting under the Cross 1. We must not cast both eyes on our selves and our own weakness and the weight of the Crosses that lie upon us but lift up one unto God and unto his goodness and consider how ready he is to succor in all time of need 2. Call to minde his manifold Promises both those which respect his gracious Assistance of us in the Tryal and his mighty deliverance of us out of it 3. Remember Examples of former times how he never oppressed them that patiently endured his corrections The benefit the Saints have by their peace with God in case of Affliction 1. It keepeth many Judgements from us which fall upon the wicked yea which otherwise would fall on us for the Threatnings of God are made against such as hate God and are hated of him 2. It alters the nature of all Troubles which befal us the sting is pulled out the curse is removed they are not vindictive for revenge but rather medicinal for physick 3. By it we are assisted and supported in all to the great admiration of others 4. By reason thereof we obtain at length full freedom from all Troubles and Crosses according to Gods many faithful Promises made to his children Psal 34.19 Prov. 11.8 1 Cor. 10.13 The Promise of Comfort in Affliction is accomplished four ways 1. When God tempers and allays the Sorrows and Afflictions of them that mourn according to the measure of their strength 1 Cor. 10.13 2. When God removes the grief with the causes thereof thus he comforted Manasseh 2 Chron. 33.13 14. 3. When God gives inward comfort to the heart and conscience by his Word and Spirit Rom. 5.3 4. When God by death puts an end to all miseries bringing our Souls to eternal life Thus Lazarus was comforted Motives to Patience 1. We must know That as all Affliction is from God so he will be with us and have care over us under the Cross for he is present with his Servants in their Afflictions 2. This meditation must enter into our Souls and never depart from us that God will turn all our sorrows and sufferings unto the best and that every Affliction upon the Servants of God hath some special goodness in it 3. We must consider what we have deserved and how we may justly be punished not onely in that maner but in a greater measure 4. We are made to suffer here that we might not suffer elswhere 5. It is the Will of God that we should suffer to which we must willingly obey and humbly submit our selves Phil. 1.29 For all Afflictions come to pass not by accident chance or fortune but by the special Providence of God who hath commanded Obedience 6. We must consider that the party distressed hath partners in the Cross That God will assist us in the patient bearing of them That God promiseth a blessed issue That by means of them Prosperity is made more pleasant and delectable 7. That the Lord vouchsafeth us the Honor to be Martyrs Witnesses of his Truth made like unto Christ himself yea that while we are made partakers of Christs sufferings the Spirit of God resteth upon us wherewith we are marvellously comforted 1 Pet. 4.14 8. We must look upward to our reward which is great in heaven Mat. 5.12 The lets or hindrances of patience viz. 1. Self-love the very bane and poyson of all good and holy desires 2. The desire of Revenge that indeed which belongs not to us 3. Infidelity when we cast off all confidence in God who maintaineth the lot of all those that trust in and depend upon him 4. The want of premeditation and consideration how we may continue and go through all adversity without starting back in any kinde from our profession Means to procure Patience 1. To pray to God for it for he is the Author of it Rom. 15.5 2. Constantly to profess the Gospel to hear the Word and practise it Rev. 3.10 3. We must labor for the Spirit of God which may work patience in us for it is a fruit of the Spirit Gal. 5.22 The Vices repugnant to Patience viz. 1. Impatience which is through the not knowing and distrust of Gods Wisdom Providence Justice and Goodness not to be willing to obey God in suffering but through grief to fret against him not expecting or desiring any help or deliverance from him but by yielding unto grief to be thereby solicited unto Despair 2. Temerity or Rashness which is through foolishness not knowing or not considering the dangers our own calling or the Will of God through a confidence in our selves to adventure on dangers without need or necessity 3. Too light regard of Crosses Prov. 3.11 So some despise them as matters not much to be regarded not looking to God who smiteth This is commonly caused either by stupidity of minde or stubbornness of will such endure many troubles but receive no good by any Into this fall the wicked sort 4. Too great fear of such Crosses as God layeth on men Heb. 12.5 Thus others faint and sink under the burthen of them as if they were unsupportable not to be endured fixing their eyes too fast upon the Justice and Wrath of God Into this Extreme fall the weaker sort yea many of the dear Saints and Servants of God Psal 6.6 Wouldst thou be Fire-proof in the midst of Flame Or burn a Martyr yet not feel the same In Chains more free then Kings on Thrones wouldst be Fetter'd and manacled to Liberty So great a pleasure done thee by thy pains Thou mayst be bound as by so to thy Chains Thrive by the Cross and have Affliction prove No Scourge of Justice but the Rod of Love If so put on this Armor of Defence This never-Conquer'd Vertue PATIENCE §. 5. Of Hope HOpe is an infallible and most comfortable expectation of all the Promises made by God unto the Faithful for Christs sake and so of an allaiment of present afflictions and of a final deliverance from the same and lastly an earnest looking for all those blessings necessary to salvation according to the good will and pleasure of God This Hope springeth from Faith for he that is certain of the present will of God towards him that is assured of his grace and favor hath also certain and assured promises of the time to come For God is unchangeable yea and the gifts and calling of God are without repentance Now when we believe on true sound and undeceiveable grounds that Christ is ours that heaven is ours that our sins are pardoned and that we are the Adopted sons of God then comes in Hope and that passionately expecteth that which is to come yea though Persecution Fire Sword Famine Pestilence Bondage and thousands of other crosses and calamities involve us to eclipse our Faith this Hope holds us above the Waves makes us danger-proof roots us unanchorable and at length brings us safe to our expected haven The diverse Acceptation of Hope in
fruits and effects thereof viz. 1. It converted happy and blessed Angels into cursed and damned Spirits for the Devils by Creation were good Angels as Powerful Wise Quick Speedy Invisible Immortal c. as any other Angels equal in every respect but inferior in no respect to the very best Angels Now when they fell they lost not their natural Substance and essential Properties thereof no more then man lost his when he fell For as man remained to be not onely Flesh and Blood but also a Living yea and a reasonable Creature after his Fall So the Devil remained to be a Spirit Invisible Immortal Quick Speedy c. as before onely the Quality of his Nature and Properties is altered from Good to Evil. Now the things which especially make them seem so terrible are Their Power Malice Subtilty Sedulity and Speed for where Malice is strengthned by Might Might whetted on by Malice both Malice and Power guided by Craft Craft and all stirred up by Diligence Sedulity and Speed the Enemy is prevalent Be wise therefore Watch and Pray stand fast in the Faith Yet know that the Devil is not able to do whatsoever he will for this is proper onely to God whose Power is Infinite but the Devils Power is a created Power and therefore limited within bounds of a Creature yea he is not able to do any thing simply above or directly against that course which the Lord hath ordained unto his Creatures which is commonly called The course of Nature for God hath tied all his Creatures thereunto and hath reserved onely for himself who is the sole Lord of Nature power to alter it as pleaseth him But the extraordinary power of the Devil consisteth in this That he can do any thing that is within the compass of Nature and may be effected by Natural means as the violent moving of the Air causing of Tempests and Storms Thunder and Lightning troubling the Seas the causing of Earth-quakes throwing down Buildings rooting up Trees entring into Bodies both of Men and Beasts casting them into Fire and Water grievously vexing and tormenting them inflict sore Diseases on them possess them make them Lunatick Deaf Dumb Blinde stir up Wrath Pride Covetousness Lust and the like Passions in men He knows the dispositions of men and accordingly layes baits for them he can darken their Understandings and cause much Anguish in their Soul and Conscience he can inrage Man against Man Kingdom against Kingdom Subjects against Princes Princes against Subjects and so cause whatsoever mischief can be caused which the whole World may witness by too woful Experience As touching the Nature of Devils they are Spiritual Substances they were created Spirits and Spirits they still remain to be their Fall hath not altered their Substance but the Quality of it for else could not that Nature and Substance which transgressed be punished Grosly therefore do they erre who Think and Teach That they be nothing else but bad Qualities and evil Affections which arise from our Flesh If because they are Spiritual things they should be no Substances but onely Qualities then neither should the Souls of Men nor good Angels be Substances for these are termed Spirits Eccles 12.7 Heb. 1.14 Spiritual things may be as truly and properly Substances as Bodily things And as for the Devils the Actions which they perform the Places where they are the Power wherewith they are endued and the Pains and Torments which they suffer evidently shew that they are plainly and truly Substances And we may know that in Hell there are both degrees of Torments and degrees of Devils for there is one Head of wicked Spirits called Beelzebub or The Devil who hath innumerable wicked Angels ministring unto him as may be gathered Matth. 25.41 where Hell is said to be prepared for the Devil and his Angels And it is not unlike that they are more in number then all the men upon the Earth for where can any man be in this Life but some wicked Spirit will be ready to tempt him to sin And though the Evil Motions arise from our own Corruption yet the Devils help is never wanting to bring them into Action which confutes the folly of our common people who never dread the Devil but when he appears unto them in some horrid shape they think he is never neer them but when they see him but it is far otherwise and there is more Reason to fear his Temptations then his Appearance for this is not so terrible to the Sight as his Temptations are hurtful to the Soul And this fearful Fiend this cursed Spirit this damned Devil had not been at all had it not been for Sin 2. It occasioned Adams Fall by his disobedience whereby himself and all his Posterity forfeited that Happiness wherein they were created and incurred a most fearful punishment which is Threefold viz. 1. In this Life as the painful Provision of the things of this Life proneness to Diseases shame of Nakedness pains in Childbirth trembling of Conscience in the Soul care trouble hardness of Heart and madness Deut. 28.28 Subjection to the power of Satan Damage to the Temporal estate Deut. 28.29 And the loss of that lordly Authority which man had over all the Creatures 2. Temporal death or a change like unto it Rom. 6.23 3. After this life eternal destruction from Gods exceeding glorious Presence Presume not to commit that Sin in secret which thou wouldst not before men for all secret Sins hidden to men are known to God for these Reasons viz. 1. Because it is impossible that any thing in Heaven or Earth should hide us or our works from his knowledge 't is not the darkness of the night nor the secrecy of the place nor the politique contrivance of any act can conceal us from his Knowledge and Omnipresency his All-seeing Eye Psal 139.9 10 11. 2. Because it is the Office of God and an essential Property attributed unto him to be the Searcher of hearts Gen. 6.5 1 Chron. 28.9 Jer. 17.10 Thus he saw the secret Sacriledge of Achan the Hypocrsie of Ananias and Sapphira and the Treachery of Judas In Original Sin consider 1. The Cause which is Adams Fall partly by the subtile Suggestions of the Devil partly through his own Free-will and the propagation of Adams corrupted Nature to his Seed and Posterity 2. The Subject thereof which is the Old Man with all his Powers Minde Will and Heart 1. In the Minde Ignorance of God and his Will 2. In the Will Rebellion against the Law of God 3. The Effects thereof they are 1. Actual Sins 1. Inward as ungodly Affections 2. Outward as wicked Looks prophane Speech and ungodly Actions 2. An Evil Conscience which bringeth the Wrath of God Death and Eternal Damnation To the Sin of Adams Fall there were three things concurring viz. 1. Gods Permitting not by instilling into him any evil or taking from him any ability to good but by suffering Satan to tempt him 2. By
4. They served to be as an open confession of their Faith what God they served and in whom they believed and that they hated and detested the vanity and the Idolatry of the Gentiles 5. They were also a Testification of their thankfulness for sundry benefits received that thereby they might be taught to acknowledge from whence they came 6. They served for the maintenance of the Ministery and consequently for the furtherance of the worship of God Deut. 18.3 4. 1 Cor. 9.13 Under the Law the Priests as Priests 1. Were ordinary Ministers of the old Church 2. Were appointed by men 3. Were tyed to the Doctrine of Moses and the Prophets which they learned not from God immediately but mediately by men 4. They might erre in Doctrine and Counsels and did erre often when they departed from the Rule of the Prophets So that the difference between the Priests and the Prophets stands thus 1. The Priests were ordained out of one certain Tribe the Levitical but God raised up Prophets out of any Tribe 2. The Prophets were called extraordinarily and immediately by God himself and so received from him the Doctrine which they were to declare to men 3. They were so guided by the special motion of the Holy Ghost that they could not erre in that Doctrine which they uttered to men in the name of God but with the Priests it was otherwise In the Law as the Priesthood so the Priest was twofold 1. Signifying or typical who was a person appointed by God 1. To offer typical Sacrifices 2. To make intercession for himself and others 3. To declare to the people the Doctrine of the Law and the Promise of the Messias and true Sacrifice which was to come 2. Signified that is Christ of whom the most notable Type was the High Priest himself The things that were proper and peculiar to the high Priest onely 1. He alone entred into the Tabernacle called The Holiest of all or Sanctuary and that but once every year 2. His raiment was more gorgeous then the vesture of the other Priests 3. He was set over the rest 4. He onely was consulted with in matters doubtful touching Religion or the Common-weal 5. He did therefore govern and order some Counsels and Offices of the State and Kingdom and did see that all things were lawfully administred They that were under the Law were of three sorts viz. 1. Israelites which were of Abrahams posterity and were necessarily bound by the Law to observe Circumcision and the Ceremonies 2. Proselytes who of the Gentiles were converted unto the Jews and did more and more for confirming of their faith submit themselves unto Circumcision and the whole Ceremonial Law 3. Those of the Gentiles who were converted unto the Jews but did not observe the Ceremonies these embraced onely the Doctrine and Promises of God And unto the Gentiles and Proselytes it was free to keep or not to keep Circumcision and the Ceremonies Four special Sects among the Jews under the Law 1. The Essens who were like Popish Monks and Fryars which did seperate themselves from the people vowing and dedicating themselves to live in perpetual Sanctity 2. The Sadduces who did expound the Law according to the letter and syllable and withal denyed the Resurrection and Immortality of the Soul as appears Acts 2.3 8. 3. The Pharisees who did forsake the common Exposition of the Scribes and taught and framed a more exact and strict Exposition of the Law according to the Traditions of the Fathers These Pharisees were by office Scribes as appears by comparing Joh. 1.29 with ver 24. 4. Herodians who as some think were Courtiers who held and taught that Herod was the Messias The Church of Rome erreth grosly in Confounding the Law and the Gospel under pretence that the Precepts of both are the same for substance that both require righteousness both promise life threaten death both command faith repentance and obedience Put his opinion overturns true Religion and is erroneous for these Reasons 1. Adam in his innocency knew the Law but he knew nothing then of believing in Christ and though both require righteousness promise life and threaten death yet the maner is far different 2. Likewise they differ in the commanding of faith for the Gospel commandeth faith not as a work done as the Law doth but as an instrument laying hold on Christ Again the Law commands faith generally as to believe in God and to believe his word to be true but besides this the Gospel requires a particular faith in Christ the Redeemer whom the Law never knew 3. The Law commandeth not Repentance for the knowledge of the Law was in Adams heart when he needed no Repentance True Repentance therefore is a saving Grace wrought and commanded onely by the Gospel 4. Though obedience be commanded both by the Law and the Gospel yet not in the same maner The Law commandeth obedience every way perfect both in parts and in degrees and alloweth no other but the Gospel in Christ approveth imperfect obedience that is an endeavor in all things to obey and please God if it be without hypocrisie Again the Law commandeth obedience as a work to be done for the obtaining of salvation but the Gospel requires obedience onely to testifie our faith and thankfulness to God This is not the onely Error touching the Law there are certain people in the world living under a Christian Climate known by the Name of New-Libertines who say The Old Testament is abrogated others think us necessarily tyed to all the Judicials of Moses boldly affirming That the Laws Judicial of Moses belong as well unto Christians as they did unto the Jews Others have entertained an Opinion That Love was now come in the place of the Ten Commandments Others will not have Gods Law to be preached nor the Conscience of sinners to be terrified and troubled with the Judgements of God yea it hath been held How that it was utterly unlawful for the Elect so much as to think much less to speak or hear of the fear of God which the Law preacheth Now the common Objection of such men is That Christians are not ruled by the Law but by the Spirit of Regeneration according as it is said Ye are not under the Law but under Grace Again the Law is not given unto the righteous man therefore it is not to be taught in the Church of Christ But the Answer hereto is as ancient as the Error Christians indeed are not ruled that is are not compelled and constrained by the Law and fear of punishment unto whatsoever Discipline or Order like as are the wicked but yet they are taught and instructed by the Law of God what worship is pleasing unto God and the Holy Ghost useth the voyce of the Law to teach and incline them to an obedience not constrained or hypocritical but true or voluntary so that not onely the Law commandeth them what to do but the Spirit also of Grace doth
same Seeing Ministers must be faithful in their Calling it follows that they may not be 1. Ignorant not able to break the bread of life that hinder the Kingdom of God and greatly advance the Kingdom of Satan Such are much like Jeroboams Priests 1 Kings 12.31 13.33 34. fit instruments to further Idolatry and to promote all maner of impiety 2. False Teachers these also destroy the souls of the people by false Doctrine the former did starve them these do poyson them by both ways the people perish 3. Idle and unprofitable which clothe themselves with the fleece of Christs flock but feed not his sheep Idle persons in any Society are thieves Eph. 4.28 Surely then these persons are sacrilegious ones incurring the just rebuke of Spiritual theft and felony 4. Unskilful not being able to divide the word of Truth aright yet usurping the Pulpit not to preach but to abuse the place the people themselves the Word nay God himself 5. Scandalous who pull down with one hand faster then they build with another they wait indeed at Gods Altar but are the servants of Satan 6. Flattering teachers that few pillows on every elbow dawbing with untemper'd morter they preach to please men and are afraid of displeasing The two parts of a Ministers Office which must always go together 1. Doctrine for Gods word must be preached that men may hear it 2. An unblameable Conversation bringing forth good works that men therein may see the will of God for the Minister must not onely by Doctrine instruct the ear but by a godly life exemplifie his Doctrine unto the eye 1 Tim. 4.12 Be unto them that believe an example in word and in conversation The course which is to be used by Gods Ministers in the preaching and dispensing of his holy Word 1. They must preach and dispense and publish the Word of God to all men without exception Grace though it be not Universal yet in the Ministery of the Word it must be offered to all good and bad 2. They must observe what fruit and effect the Word hath with them whether it work reformation of life in them or not 3. Having waited for their conversion they must labor to convince their very Consciences of the truth which in heart and life they deny but if after all this they give evident signs of malicious and obstinate enmity against the Word scorning and railing at the Doctrine of God and on the Ministers thereof then are they to be cast out by the Church and to be barr'd from the word of life until they repent The peoples duty toward their faithful Ministers 1. They must pray for their Minister that the Lord would give him wisdom and knowledge in all things 2 Tim. 2.7 2. The Church must take notice what her power and authority is in choosing of Ministers it hath no absolute authority to ordain unworthy men and obtrude them on the people 3. The people must so demean themselves toward their faithful Pastors as that they may have occasion to rejoyce in their Calling and charge over them that they may see they have not labored in vain Heb. 13.17 4. The hearers must not spurn at despise contemn or hate their persons but they ought to joy in the joy of their Ministers 2 Cor. 2.13 5. We ought to be ready to hear and obey in all things delivered and made known unto us out of the word not singling out what we list in part to follow and cast the rest from us 6. We must love them sincerely and heartily this will cause reverence and regard of them we must account them as our Spiritual fathers 1 Cor. 4.15 The Word preached without the Spirits Ephphatha is a dead letter and without a Conversation that keeps harmony with the purity of Doctrine but the dumb sound of an empty vessel The experience of the fruit and efficacy of the Word in the Ministers own person is the best Commentary he can have for the opening of it unto others without which like Noah's Ark-Carpenters after they have built for others may themselves perish at the general Deluge This Key by sacred Dispensation Vnlocks the Mystery of Man's Salvation The Saints high-way to Heaven to them the breath Of life the thunder of Eternal death To such as come to greet it with a scoff Or by their lives deny the power thereof The people once for fear of death deny'd To hear the voyce of God and joyntly cry'd Let Moses speak A happy change God gives Onely by hearing of his voyce man lives §. 5. The Word Heard AS the contempt of the Word is an abridgement of all sin gathered together in one so the practical embracement thereof is the powerfullest Antidote against the poyson of any sin Practice must be ever joyned with knowledge of the word for not the hearers of the Law but the doers thereof shall be justified before God Rom. 2.12 And such as are hearers onely and not doers of the Word deceive but their own souls James 1.22 Yea when in admiration at Christs Doctrine she that bare him was pronounced Blessed he replies Nay rather blessed are they that hear the word of God and keep it Luke 11.27 28. So that it is not as our lives seem to maintain the sitting and hearing and after repeating of the Sermon which God onely requires for to hear as God would have us hear is another thing It is like the Lessons in Musick which we have never learnt till we be able to practice To understand what Faith is what Love is what Patience is is nothing but to have Faith to have Love to have Patience is the true hearing Since then it is our duty to live in the practice of that we hear be it our duty also to pray to God the Father in the name of Christ That he would vouchsafe his Spirit unto us whereby our hearts may be enclined disposed and bent to an unfained love and obedience of his Precepts delivered in his Word yea our prayers must be for the performance of such obedience in our life as that our Consciences may not onely not accuse us but also excuse us before God in regard thereof or at least in regard of our true endeavor and desire to obey But disobedience to the Word which in its kinde God hateth as the sin of Witchcraft is the common sin of this Age men content themselves with the bare action of hearing like the Papists who think God is well served with the work done but the work is not indeed done till we conscionably practice what we hear Thus the principal thing we omit which is the treasuring up of Gods Word in our hearts that upon just occasion we might practice the same yea which is yet more deplorable we are so far from yielding conscionable obedience to the Word that the endeavor thereunto is commonly judged Superfluous niceness and over-curious preciseness Which most damnable Censure together with this sin of hearing and
Word is no sufficient note of a true Church for the Israelites had circumcision and yet the Lord saith they were not his people Hos 1.9 Again they overturn the inward power of Baptism by denying Justification by Faith alone in Jesus Christ And as for the bastard-Rites and Ceremonies invented and patched by men to Baptism as hallowing of the Water Tapers Exorcisms Chrism Salt Crosses Spittle and such like they are not of the true Church but a corruption of the Sacrament And as these men attribute too much to this Sacrament holding that it gives Grace ex opere operato so on the other side there are other giddy heads who number Baptism among things indifferent and so to be used or refused at our discretion Lastly seeing the administration of the Sacraments is a part of Ecclesiastical Discipline or rather Doctrine indeed they that are not called thereto and especially women may not in any case usurp the power and authority to Baptize Christs Herauld sent by Proclamation To enter our Initiation Sprinkled the Water and the sacred Blood Made the faithful though sinful appear good This is Bethesda 's Pool or Siloam's stream Whereof the frothy Anabaptists dream The right use to Infants daign'd may not be Though some of Abrahams Posserity Thus Christ himself they proudly Countermand Whose word when all the world 's dissolv'd shall stand §. 3. The Lords Supper THe Lords Supper is a Sacrament instituted and appointed of Christ unto the faithful for a memorial of him whereby Christ doth certainly promise and seal unto the faithful That his Body was offered and broken on the Cross and his Blood shed for them as truly as they see his Bread broken and Cup distributed to them and that he doth as certainly with his Body crucified and his Blood shed feed and nourish the Souls of the faithful unto everlasting life as certainly as their bodies are fed with the bread and the cup of the Lord is received from the hand of the Minister which are offered to them as certain Seals of the body and blood of Christ and binde them to mutual dilection and love The Evangelists shew it was instituted of Christ the same night he was betrayed after that he had supped and had eaten the Easter-Lamb according to the Law yet is it so called not so much because it was the night wherein Christ was betrayed as to shew that it is indeed a Spiritual Supper given of God unto the faithful It is indeed the Sacrament of our Redemption by Christs death insomuch as to such as worthily and with faith receive the same the bread which is broken is a partaking of the body of Christ and likewise the cup of blessing is a partaking of his blood Such therefore as declare themselves in confession and life to be Infidels and ungodly are not to be admitted to this Supper lest thereby the Covenant of God be prophaned and the wrath of God stirred up against the whole Assembly 1 Cor. 11.20 Wherefore the Church by the commandment of Christ and his Apostles using the Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven ought to drive them from this Supper till they shall repent and change their life and conversation The Signs of the Lords Supper are twofold 1. Representing Signs as Bread Wine the breaking and pouring out 2. Applying Signs which do appropriate the same as the giving and receiving of bread and wine the first serves to renew our knowledge the other to confirm it As the Signs in the Lords Supper are 1. Bread broken and eaten 2. Wine distributed and taken So the things signified are 1. Christs body broken and blood shed 2. Our Union with Christ by faith The breaking and communicating of Christs body is signed by the breaking and receiving of the bread for two causes 1. Because Christ commandeth those Rites unto which we ought to give no less credit then if Christ himself did speak unto us 2. Because he annexeth a Promise That they who observe those Rites with a true faith must be assured and certain that they have communion with Christ The similitude or proportion of the Signs with the thing signified viz. 1. As the bread and wine nourish our body to temporal life so the body and blood of Christ nourish our souls unto life Spiritual and Eternal 2. As the bread and wine are received by the mouth so the body and blood are received by faith 3. As the wine is severed from the bread to signifie the violence of Christs death so his blood was sundred from his body signified also by the breaking of the bread and as the bread is eaten being broken so the body of Christ is received being sacrificed 4. As in corporal food is required an appetite unto it so in this Spiritual food is required faith 5. As of many corns is made one loaf so are we being many made one body The maner whereby Christs body blood doth nourish us is 1. The respect of his merit for us Christs body is given and his blood shed for us and for the body and blood of Christ we have eternal life given unto us 2. When we receive that merit that is when we believe with a true faith that for it we shall have eternal life 3. When the same Spirit uniteth us by faith unto Christ and worketh the like in us which is in Christ for except we be grafted into Christ we do not please God The remembrance we are to have of Christ in receiving the Lords Supper consists 1. In the memory of Christs benefits 2. In faith whereby we apply Christ and his merit to our selves 3. In thankfulness or publike confession of his benefits The Sacramental Rites of the Lords Supper are twofold 1. Respecting the Minister which are twofold 1. To take the bread and wine to break the one and to pour out the other that is that Christ suffered for our Redemption 2. To give the bread broken and to deliver the wine poured out that is that God doth offer and give Christ unto us together with all his benefits 2. Respecting him that cometh to the Lords Table it is required that he receive eat and drink the bread and wine given unto him that is that in the Supper we do truly receive Christ eat his body and drink his blood by the which we are nourished into the hope of eternal life if we do not cast him from us through unbelief The properties belonging to a fit guest at the Lords Table 1. He must be bidden Luke 14.8 2. He must be humble Luke 14.9 3. He must have knowledge of the person to whose Table he comes 4. He must bring a Spiritual appetite to eat 5. He must put on Christ his wedding garment Rom. 13.14 6. He must be ravished within himself concerning the use of these mysteries 7. He must be sober in using them 8. Chearful in receiving them 9. Loving to his fellow-guests 10. Thankful to the Master of the feast To the right use
come desire that God will by his Son our Mediator 1. Preserve the Ministery which he hath ordained 2. Gather his Church by the Ministery of his Word and the working of the Holy Ghost 3. Rule his Church gathered and us the members thereof with his Holy Spirit 4. Defend us and his whole Church against our Enemies and Tyrants 5. Cast away his and our enemies into eternal pains 6. At length deliver his Church and glorifie us in the world to come Again The Kingdom of God is twofold viz. 1. General which is his absolute Power and Soveraignty whereby he ruleth all things in Heaven in Earth and in Hell even the Devils themselves Psa 103.19 This we acknowledge in the conclusion of the Lords Prayer but pray not for it in this Petition because nothing can hinder it 2. Special which is that whereby he Ruleth his Elect and chosen people working his will in them by his Holy Spirit And called special because it is not exercised over all the World but only over all the elect whō he hath ordained unto eternal life This special Kingdom of God is twofold viz. 1. Of Grace which is a Spiritual estate because 1. It is principally exercised in the Conscience 2. This Regiment in the Conscience is by the Spirit of God Wherein God makes men willingly subject to the written word of his Spirit which is a voluntary subjection of the whole man in soul body and Spirit to the Will of God reveal'd in his Word This subjection which indeed is perfect freedom stands in these 3 things especially Rom. 14.17 18. 1. In Righteousness that is 1. In Christs Righteousness imputed 2. In the Righteousness of a good Conscience the ground whereof is Sanctification by the Spirit which Christ gives to whom he justifies 2. In Peace that is Peace of Conscience towards God and peace with Gods Church yea with all Creatures so far forth as is needful for them Under which is comprehended love for as Righteousness concerns the person in soul and body so Peace respects all duties and actions of the life Righteousness is the Root whence springeth this Peace for when the heart is sanctified the life is reformed 3. In Joy in the Holy Ghost which is a fruit of both the former respecting especially the state of affliction for when a man is justified and sanctified and hath peace towards God then ariseth in his heart a Spiritual delight in God in all estates Now whosoever hath these three branches of this Spiritual subjection is a good Subject in the Kingdom of Grace 2. Of Glory which is the blessed estate of Gods Elect in Heaven whereby God in Christ becomes all things unto them immediately all things needful to the perfection of felicity The state of grace in this life is the beginning and entrance to the state of glory the state of glory in the life to come is the perfection of the state of grace And this special Kingdom of God in both these estates do we in this Petition pray for Understand therefore this Petition of the special Kingdom the coming whereof is in four degrees viz. 1. Let it be erected where it is not 2. Let it be confirmed and continued where it is Let it not be abolished by Persecution corrupted by Heresie vanish by Hypocrisie or degenerate and grow into the contrary by Prophaneness 3. Let it be restored where it is decayed or corrupted in doctrine or maners Restore such as are faln by weakness and purge the Errors of such as are seduced 4. Let it be perfected and made compleat by hastning the Marriage-day the eternal Jubile of Joy unconceiveable much more unutterable such as neither eye hath seen nor ear heard nor heart conceived and by finally destroying Sin Death the Devil and every enemy Thy Kingdom come that is to us men in the world then it cometh when God doth erect and establish the same in their hearts Now unto perfection it comes by five degrees viz. 1. When God gives unto men the outward means of Salvation wherein he doth reveal his grace and favor in Christ Thus the Gospel preached is called The word of the Kingdom Mat. 13.19 and The Kingdom of God Luke 11.20 17.21 2. When the word preached enlightens the minde so as a man knows and understands the mystery of the Gospel which is the Law of this Kingdom 3. When a man is thereby regenerate and so brought into this Kingdom for by Regeneration we have effectual entrance into the state of grace whereby Christ rules in us by his word and Spirit and we yield subjection unto him 4. At the end of this life when the body goeth to the earth but the soul to God that gave it being translated to the joys of heaven in the glory of this Kingdom 5. At the last Judgement when body and soul being reunited are both made partakers of this Kingdoms glory And this is the full and perfect coming of it In this kingdom are observable these things especially 1. That Christ is King Mat. 2.2 2. That the Subjects are true Christians Psal 2.8 Angels and Saints 3. That the Laws are the Word Psal 119.105 and the efficacy of the Holy Ghost 4. The enemies are Satan Sin Death Hell Damnation the Flesh the World and the Wicked Eph. 6.12 Rom. 6.12 8.1 1 Cor. 15.51 Gal. 5.17 Gen. 3.15 5. The Rewards are the good things of this life and eternal happiness in that to come Mark 10.30 6. The Chastisements are afflictions Heb. 12.6 7. The Weapons are Faith Hope Love the Word and Prayer Eph. 6.16 8. The Time of it is to the worlds end Mat. 28.20 9. The place is this world and the world to come Rev. 5.10 Mat. 25.34 10. The Officers are Preachers 2 Cor. 5.20 11. The Vice-gerents are Governors Isa 49.25 12. It is exercised upon the Conscience of man Rom. 14.17 Again the Head or King of this Kingdom is God the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost There is but one King because there is but one God 1. The Father is King and Ruleth by the Son and the Holy Ghost 2. The Son is King because 1. He sitteth God at the right hand of God and Ruleth with equal power with the Father 2. He is Mediator by whom God worketh immediately and giveth the Holy Ghost The enemies of this Kingdom are 1. Partly in the Church as Hypocrites who challenge to themselves the Name and Title of the Kingdom when as they are nothing less 2. Partly without the Church as Turks Jews and all such as defend Errors against the ground and foundation of the true Religion It appears from what hath been said That the Kingdom of God cometh to us four ways viz. 1. By the Preaching of the Gospel whereby is revealed the light of the true and heavenly Doctrine 2. By Conversion when some are converted and are endued with Faith and Repentance 3. By making progress or encrease when the godly receive encrease or
direct all things to my safety The Power of God is twofold 1. Absolute whereby he can do whatsoever can be Infinite and yet will not hereby he could of stones raise up Children unto Abraham 2. Actual whereby he most powerfully doth all things which he willeth Thus his Power in saving us dependeth upon his Will not his Will upon his Power So also are the works of God of two sorts 1. General which are divided into the works of 1. Creation 2. Preservation 3. Administration 2. Special which are wrought in the Church and Company of Elect to justifie sanctifie and glorifie them and are either works Of Reparation and restoring or Of perfection accomplishment Again the Power of God is 1. Infinite 1. In its own Nature and of it self 2. In regard of the diversity of objects unto which it doth extend it self 3. In regard of the manifold effects it is able to do and bring to pass 4. In regard of the action of this Power by which it worketh and can work Eph. 1.9 2. Universal over all the works of God Mat. 28.19 3. Immutable everlasting to crown us if we obey to condemn us if we disobey 4. It is most certain for it is shewn in raising Christs body from death God is called a Father 1. In respect of Christ his onely begotten and natural Son 2. In respect of all Creatures as he is Creator and Preserver of them all 3. In respect of the Elect whom being adopted in his Son he regenerateth The duties to be performed by us to shew our faith in God the Father are these four 1. We must obey his Will he is our Father 2. We must be like unto him and bear in us some resemblance of his Majesty Eph. 5.1 3. To moderate our care for worldly things he is our Father 4. To look up to God upon every accident and to consider his anger against sin when we suffer any way whatsoever and if it falleth out well unto us to be thankful to him as from whom alone all good cometh That God the Father Almighty is the Maker of Heaven and Earth or that the World was Created by God may beside the Testimonies of Scripture be proved by Reasons such as these 1. By the Authority of God himself avouching the same 2. The Originals and Beginnings of Nations shew it 3. The novelty and lateness of all other Histories compared with the Antiquity of the Sacred 4. The Age of men decreasing shew a former and better strength and that not without some first Cause 5. The certain course and race of Times even from the beginning of the World to the exhibiting of the Messias 6. The order of things instituted in Nature 7. The excellency of the minde of Men and Angels 8. The principles or general Rules and natural notions engendred in our mindes 9. The tremblings of Conscience in the wicked 10. The Constitution and Founding of Common-weals 11. The ends of all things profitably and wisely ordained 12. The very order of Causes and Effects which cannot be carried backward or forward infinitely To Create signifies 1. To order or constitute 2. To make something of nothing without any motion with a beck or word onely 3. The continuating of Creation or Creation continued which is the Providence of God How God made the world 1. The World was Created of God the Father by the Son and the Holy Ghost Gen. 1.2 Joh. 1.3 Job 33.4 2. Most freely without any constraint not by any absolute necessity but by necessity of Consequence that is by the Decree of his Will which Decree though it were Eternal and Unchangeable yet was it most free 3. With his beck onely or will without labor wearisomness motion or any change of himself that is not by any new action of his but by his forcible Will onely which from everlasting would that things should on a sudden exist and be at such a time as he had freely appointed decreed Isa 40.28 4. God created the World and all things therein of nothing not of any pre-existent or fore-being matter but of no matter not of the Essence of God nor of any matter Coeternal with God 5. He Created it at a certain and definite time and even at the beginning of times not from everlasting 6. God Created all things most wisely very good that is every thing in its kinde and degree perfect 7. He did it all not in a moment but in the space of six days which if it had so pleased him he could have made in an instant The end or final causes of the Creation of all things 1. The first and chief End is the Glory of God 2. The manifesting knowledge and contemplation of his Divine wisdom and goodness shining in the very Creation of all things Ps 19.1 3. The Administration and Governing of the World which is his Providence 4. To gather a Church of Angels and Men who should acknowledge and magnifie this great and wonderful Creator 5. That all other things might serve for the safety both of the soul and body of man as also for the life necessity and delight of men Gen. 1.28 Psal 8.26 The use of the doctrine of the Creation of the world viz. 1. That the glory of the Creation be given wholly to God and his wisdom power and goodness therein acknowledged 2. That neither the Son nor the Holy Ghost be excluded but each have their own parts yielded them therein 3. That as the world was created of God by the Son and the Holy Ghost so also we must know that by them Mankinde is restored 4. That seeing God created all things of nothing we must know that he is able to restore them being corrupted and ruinated into their first state again 5. That we must not refer the original of corruption to God but know that it was purchased by the faults of Devils and men Joh. 8. 6. That knowing God as in the creating so also in the maintaining and governing of all things not to be tyed to second causes or to the order by him setled in Nature but that he may either keep or alter it we should with confidence and full perswasion look for and crave those things which he hath promised yea those things which in respect of second causes seem impossible 7. Seeing all other things were created for mans use profit or happiness we above all other creatures especially being Redeemed from sin and death to Righteousness and life should for ever celebrate the wonderful known goodness of God 8. That we knowing God in as much as of nothing and through his meer goodness he created all things to owe nothing to any but all his creatures to owe themselves and all that they have to him their Creator should confess that to be most just whatsoever he shall do concerning us and all his creatures Jer. 45.4 9. That we should refer the use of all things to the glory of God since that we have received all
consent as were to be wished For the dissent of Opinions touching the same they may be all comprised in these viz. 1. Some hold the words He descended into Hell meerly literally that is into the place of the damned or some lower place thereabout They which understand it of the place of the damned say That he went thither to triumph over all the damned ghosts and devils as a most glorious Conqueror both of Death and Hell the most powerful Enemies or that as God onely and not Man he descended powerfully and effectually but not personally into Hell and that the Deity exhibited it self as it were present in the infernal parts to the terror of the Devil and other damned Spirits They which understand it of some place thereabout say That he went thither and that by a local descension as the Papists assirm to deliver the Fathers and Patriarchs that were detained as they dream for their Original sin in Limbo The grounds pretended for both are alleaged out of Eph. 4.9 1 Pet. 3.19 Psal 16.10 Acts 2.25 But they that stand for Limbo alleage Heb. 9.8 11.39 2. Others hold them literally but expound 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Grave saying That he dyed and was buried that is anointed to the Burial and descended into the Sepulchre 3. Others interpreting 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Grave make the descent figurative thus He descended into Hell that is remained in the grave until the third day these suppose he descended into Hell as Man onely and that as some think in Body onely as when death as it were prevailed over him lying in the grave as others deem in Soul onely when he went unto the place of the Reprobate to the encreasing of their torments 4. Others interpret it as an Idiom or phrase peculiar to the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 He descended into Hell that is was in the state of the dead for thus the Greeks were wont to speak of a man departed whether good or bad This Opinion takes best 5. Others hold it to be meerly figuratively spoken That Christ descended into Hell as God and Man in one person That in Body and Soul he went as it were into Hell when upon the Cross and elswhere he suffered the terrors and torments prophesied of Isa 5.3 6 10. Psal 116.2 and mentioned Mat. 26.38 or 27.46 Luke 22.42 when he suffered the torments of Hell viz. The anger of God against the sins of all the Elect poured forth upon his Soul driving him into that bloody Agony in the Garden and making him on the Cross cry out My God my God why hast thou forsaken me This Opinion takes with many Now of all these that which stands for Limbo must not remain unexpunged as by reason of sundry positive Reasons of Scripture to the contrary so also in regard of the impertinency of the places alleaged How Christs temporal punishment is said to be equivalent to eternal 1. In respect of the worthiness of the person for it was the onely begotten natural Son of God that did suffer 2. For the grievousness of the punishment because he sustained the torments and sense of the wrath of God and the horror of death for the whole world Psal 118.5 Hence it was that Christ so trembled at his death when many Martyrs have entertained an ordinary death without it The use of this Doctrine of Christs Passion teacheth us That sin is most of all to be eschewed by us which could not be expiated but by the death of the Son of God That we ought to be thankful for this his so great a benefit of unspeakable grace and favor bestowed on us and that all our sins how many how great and how grievous soever they be are expiated and done away by the death alone of Christ Yet know That whereas it is frequently affirmed in Scripture That Christ dyed for all it is not meant generally for every particular person but restrictively for all sorts of people that is for Believers of all sorts both of Jews and Gentiles Behold the Son of God come from the Womb Vnto the Cross to drop into the Tomb He that is Life Eternal the Most High And Mighty Lord of Life vouchsafes to dye He that fills Heaven and Earth is pleas'd to have His lodging in a Cradle and a Grave Blinde Jews before your Day was turn'd to Night At Noon ye could not see for too much light Gentiles believe or know this for no news Your Sins will prove new Crucifying Jews §. 6. The third day he rose again from the Dead He ascended into Heaven and there he sitteth at the right hand of God TO believe in Christ risen from the dead is to believe that he shook off death from himself quickned his dead body reunited his body unto his soul restored unto himself a blessed celestial and glorious life and that by his own proper power And I also believe That he therefore rose again from the dead that he might make us partakers of his Righteousness Sanctification and Glorification which he hath purchased for us by his merit This is that Holy One of whom David prophesied that He should not see corruption Psal 16.10 who but a little before his death told his Disciples himself that The third day he would rise again Mark 9.31 10.34 The accomplishment of which Truth stands on sacred Record both by his appearing after that he was risen from death to life to Mary Magdalen Joh. 20.14 to divers women Mat. 28.9 to two Luke 24.13 15. to ten Joh. 20.19 to all the Disciples to more then five hundred at once 1 Cor. 15.6 to sundry persons by the space of forty days together Acts 1.3 and by the testimony also of the Apostles Peter Acts 1.22 and Paul Acts 17.2 3. So that whoever is a perverse Sadduce to this Truth strikes at the very Root of the Christian Religion He ascended into Heaven that is he being revived from the dead his soul coming again into his body walking here a while upon the Earth for the space of forty days eating and drinking sometimes with his Disciples not for any need of sustenance but for the more assurance of his Resurrection and offering his body to be felt and handled comforting and instructing them and then in the open sight of them all he went up body and soul into the Heavens they looking and marvelling at it This was foretold by David Psal 68.18 and by Christ himself John 14.2 20.17 was prefigured in Enoch Gen. 5.24 and in Elias 2 Kings 2. and witnessed Acts 1.22 Eph. 4.10 so that Christs Ascension is a local true real and visible Ascension Translation or removing of Christs body from Earth into Heaven which is above all visible Heavens to Gods right hand where he now is and whence he shall come to Judgement Acts 1.11 This his Ascension must be understood of his Humanity onely for his Divinity was always in Heaven And there he sitteth at Gods right hand
same 2. By the rightly pacified Conscience which is done by Faith in the heart And the Peace here meant is such a Peace as cometh after War after conflicts for sin after knowledge of Gods displeasure with thee after the sense hereof and after all this a knowledge of Reconciliation again Now many in an evil estate live and dye peaceably but deceive not thy self that is onely because they were never acquainted with the Doctrine of Justification and Sanctification because they never saw the danger for to be sure that I am free from a danger and not to know a danger is all one and doth breed a like confidence and security Thus as it is a great mercy to have a true and sound Peace so to have a Peace not well grounded and bottom'd is the most dangerous Judgement in the world That thou mayest therefore the better judge whether thou hast this Sign of the forgiveness of thy sin know That this Peace is threefold 1. With God properly called Reconciliation God in Christ at one with Man Man through Christ at one with God 2. With our selves when the conscience sanctified ceaseth to accuse and the affections subject themselves to the enlightened minde 3. With our Christian Brethren Arguments to perswade us of the forgivenes of our sins if we come unto Christ 1. By the Scripture-expressions so frequently ratifying this Truth 2. By Christs Practice when he was on earth 3. Otherwise Christs Blood should be shed in vain 4. By the Example of others pardoned 5. Else no flesh should be saved 6. God should not else be worshipped and served 7. By the infiniteness of Gods Mercy The universality of Gods Promises touching the forgiveness of sins is threefold 1. Without exception of Time for At what time soever a sinner shall repent him of his sins I will put away his iniquity saith the Lord. 2. Without exception of sins for Albeit your sins were as scarlet they shall be made as white as snow Isa 1. 3. Without exception of person for Whosoever shall depart from his wicked ways and turn unto God he will receive him The Duties to be performed of us in believing the forgiveness of sins to the faithful viz. 1. To pray unto God earnestly every day above all things of this world for the pardon of our sins because this is so great and wonderful a grace 2. To love the Lord and our Savior Jesus Christ with all our hearts and with all our might because God is the Author of this great grace Christ Jesus hath merited the same for us 3. To break off all our sins by Righteousness and not continue any longer therein because we have been enough endangered through sin and are still in the same danger if we continue in it 4. Not to have in any account the Popes Indulgence for sins but to abhor his Blasphemous Pardon for them seeing this is in Gods power onely Four Grounds of possibility of Pardon be the sin never so great 1. That the Mercy of God is infinite yea above all his Works 2. Men of years living in the Church of God and knowing the Doctrine of Salvation shall not be condemned simply for their sins but for continuing and lying in them 3. It pleaseth God many times to leave men to themselves and to suffer them to commit some sin that woundeth Conscience but yet we may not hence think that he is the Author thereof but our own depraved Nature 4. The Promises of God touching Remission of sins and life eternal in respect of Believers are general and in regard of all and every man indefinite This Doctrine of forgiveness of sins doth teach us 1. To acknowledge our selves before God to be grievous sinners to have godly sorrow for them and to seek pardon by daily Prayer for the forgiveness of them 2. To have a circumspect care and fear not to offend God at any time yea a most earnest desire to please him better then we have done Psal 103.3 4. Joh. 5.14 3. To return all praise and thankfulness to God for this so infinite Mercy which appeareth in nothing more then in the forgiveness of our sins 4. To shew back again our love toward our heavenly Father according to the measure of his love towards us the greater sins he hath pardoned the greater love should be returned 5. That the receiving of this Mercy from God must work in us mercy towards our brethren Luke 6.36 Eph. 4.32 Col. 3.13 The sum of this Article may be this Remission of sin is Gods Will not imputing to the Elect to all of them and to them onely their sins but Christs Righteousness which Remission of sins is the work of all three Persons of the Deity granted for Christs Intercession and Merit but freely in respect of us and is received by Faith through the working of the Holy Ghost upon our Conversion and Repentance You that are skill'd in Physiognomy Have ye observ'd in men Condemn'd to dye How to the life they do resemble Death Or 's if they liv'd by Artificial breath But travelling to their Execution say A Pardon overtakes them in the way How then the Scene is alter'd they survive Themselves and seem to be now twice alive Draw the Curtain Reade The Gospel saith The Pardon 's seal'd and it is ours by Faith §. 12. The Resurrection of the Body THe Resurrection of the Flesh is a restoring of the substance of our Bodies after Death even of the same matter whereof they now consist and a reviving and quickning of the same bodies with life incorruptible by the same Immortal Soul whereby they now live which God will work by Christ in the end of the world by his Divine Vertue and Power which restoring also shall be of the Elect unto the Eternal Glory of God but of the Reprobate unto Eternal Pains Thus although the body after death lie rotting in the Grave yet at the last day it shall be raised again by Gods great Power and being joyned to the Soul shall stand before Gods Judgement Seat to give account of all it hath done whether good or evil and be rewarded accordingly When Christ as Man for thus onely he can remove from place to place his Godhead ever filling all places shall come down visibly and openly with great Glory and Troops of Angels about him to Judge those that shall be then living for the world shall be full of people even to the hour of his coming and then the Dead being raised out of their Graves even all from the first Adam shall be joyned with the living who shall onely in stead of dying be changed and thus all people together of all Countreys and Nations shall be presented before his Tribunal to receive Sentence according to the Equity yea and Justice of his Gospel whether of Absolution to pass into the Kingdom of his Father or of Condemnation into the Kingdom of Hell with the Devil and his Angels for ever Now though amongst those
any man in thought conceived it 1 Cor. 2.9 and which life we begin to live the soul entreth into it at the time of every faithful ones bodily death and the body also at the time of the general Resurrection for there is no sleeping of the soul as some dream neither any other place to keep it in nor ever was To believe everlasting life is to be assuredly and certainly perswaded 1. That after this life there shall be also a life wherein the Church shall be glorified and God magnified of her everlastingly 2. That I also am a Member of this Church and therefore partaker of everlasting life 3. That I also in this life have and enjoy the beginning of life eternal Life is three-fold 1. Of Nature wherein the good and bad promiscuously live together 2. Of Grace wherein onely the Sons of God in the Spiritual Kingdom of Christ live in this life it is the same with that death whereby they dye to sin 3. Of Glory in the blessed presence of God for ever Contrary to that death wherewith the bodies and souls of the wicked shall be tormented eternally That is Everlasting 1. Which hath neither beginning nor ending So God is everlasting 2. Which hath no beginning but hath an ending So the Decrees of God 3. Which hath a beginning but shall have no end as everlasting life Three degrees of eternal life 1. In this world when we begin to repent and believe in Christ and have true peace of Conscience 2. In death for that cuts off all sins both Original and Actual 3. When body and soul reunited go both together into everlasting Glory We may claim to our selves everlasting life by a double Right through Christ viz. 1. Because for us he hath fulfilled the whole Law 2. By Right of Inheritance for Christ being made ours we are the children of God Rom. 8.17 How far we are in this life made partakers of heaven and everlasting life 1. The purchase of it is made for Christ by his Blood hath purchased it 2. We have received the first-fruits of it as Peace of Conscience Joy in the Holy Ghost free access unto the Throne of Grace with confidence in Christ and the like 3. We are actually entred into the Kingdom of Grace which is the beginning and a part of the Kingdom of Glory 4. We have the earnest of the Spirit as a Pledge and Pawn till we come to the full possession of the purchased Inheritance 5. Christ our Head hath full and actual possession whereupon we being Members of his body are in him exalted and set in heavenly places In this life not onely we may but we ought also to be assured of everlasting life otherwise we shall never have it And we may thus by these infallible signs be assured of it viz. 1. By Faith by a full perswasion of the good will of God towards us 2. By the beginning of true Repentance 3. By the Peace of Conscience by a desire of and joy in God Eternal life is called a Rest and that for these two Reasons 1. Because then and there we shall Rest from all our works that is from our sins for then we shall sin no more but shall know God even as we are known 2. We shall Rest from all troubles and miseries of this life Rev. 14.13 hence it is called Abrahams bosom Luke 16.22 23. which in the faithful is even in this life begun by the outward Ministery of the Word and the inward Ministery of the Spirit the consummation whereof hereafter shall never be given to whom the beginning thereof that is Faith and Conversion hath not arrived in this life The life of Life Everlasting is the Beatifical Vision or the perfect Vision of God when Gods Elect shall see him as he is 1 Joh. 3.2 Yet that we be not deceived herein we must know that perfect sight is twofold viz. 1. Simple Perfect Sight when man sees a thing wholly as it is in it self and thus God is not seen by the minde of man 2. Comprehensive Perfect Sight when the creature seeth God so far forth as it is capable of his knowledge and thus shall men see God in the world to come perfectly and be filled therewith though they know him not wholly as he is in himself even as a vessel cast into the Sea may be perfectly full of water though it receive not all the water in the Sea The duties of this faith are these 1. Carefully to break off those sins the doers of which are expresly threatned that they shall never enter into the Kingdom of Heaven 1 Cor. 6.9 10. Gal. 5.19 2. To strive to enter and to walk on in the way that leadeth to everlasting life and never to go out of it to our dying day and this is the way of good works Joh. 5.29 3. To use the remembrance of eternal life as a salve against all sores as a Cordial to comfort our hearts against our greatest heaviness 4. To pray that this time might be hastned wherein we shall enter into life and even to rejoyce when we see it approach to any of us in particular Amen signifying verily certainly or undoubtedly is added for these Reasons 1. To shew that we do not in word onely believe those things whereof we have made confession but from our very hearts 2. Not waveringly but certainly and without doubting 3. Not as if we were secure for our firm and stedfast belief of these things but earnestly craving this Faith at the hands of God and thus it is as much as So be it Amen in the close of our Prayers as well as of this Confession doth not onely express our desire of the things we ask but also testifies our Faith in assurance of Receiving them according to our lawful desire So that it is not here to be taken as it is commonly onely for a bare assent of the people answering the Minister in the Congregation but as a declaration of Faith both in Minister and People Here words are of no use expressions vain The humblest fancy a presumptuous strain Bright Cherubins a Quill from off your Wings Might reach this Note which should the low-tun'd strings Of Mortal Tongues endeavor to express Would if 't were possible but strain it less And though the blessed Musick of your Quire We cannot understand we may admire Mean-while our Faith shall rest in Hope in this That know we shall when we enjoy your Bliss CHAP. V. §. 1. The Decalogue THe Commandments were given about Two thousand five hundred years after the Creation not that men were left all this time without Law for there was a Law written in their hearts Rom. 2.14 but to make that more plain which by the corruption of Nature was become very dim and much defaced so that as long as men have been there hath also been a Law although not expressed in words yet written in the heart wherefore if it be well observed we shall finde
God Levit. 18.24 Ezek. 20.18 Matth 15.19 20. Jam. 1.21 Zeph. 3.1 Rev. 21.27 It is compared to an unclean cloth Isa 64.6 to the Blood of pollution Ezek. 16.6 Levit. 15.19 It polluteth and prophaneth the actions of greatest Devotion in the Service of God Hag. 2.13 It defileth the Land and places where sinners are conversant Lev. 18.24 25. And as the Dropsie man the more he drinks the dryer he is and the more he still desires to drink So a sinner the more he sins the apter he is to sin and the more desirous to keep still in a course of wickedness Custom in sinning breeds hardness of heart Hardness of heart brings Impenitency and Impenitency Condemnation that men of years living in the Church are not simply condemned for their particular sins but their continuance and residence in them and though every sin be mortal yet are not all equally mortal but some more some less nor do sins committed utterly take away Grace but rather sometimes do make it the more to shine and shew it self Thus can God turn every thing to the best to those that are his yea so as we may say we gained by Adams Fall whence descended unto us that Original Sin which the Papists say is not Sin properly so called but onely because this Original Corruption in all men at their conception is an occasion or cause of Sin but as for the Sin it self which was in this corruption of Nature they say it was taken away by Christ Rom. 5.18 And herein the Anabaptists agree with the Papists for they also hold that Original Sin was taken away by Christ yet David as righteous man as any Anabaptist or Papist confessed that he was conceived in sin and born in iniquity Psal 51.5 For Christ taketh not Sin away but as he saveth viz. from all such as truly believe in him to whom it is no more imputed Nor is God as some blasphemously imagine the Author of Adams Fall for the unchangeable Decree and Will of God takes not away the liberty of mans Will or of Second Causes but onely enclineth and ordereth the same as the first and highest Cause So that Gods Decree went before Adams Fall onely as an Antecedent not as a Cause thereof and though Adam fell not without Gods general permissive Will yet without his special approving Will and he having full power and liberty to stand God can no way be said to be the Author of his Fall nor consequently of Sin And now when man is punished for Sin other Creatures suffer with him though had not man faln it had been otherwise but now as Instruments of evil man oftentimes doth horribly abuse them to the dishonor of the Creator therefore do the Creatures groan as weary of wicked men and yet to this ungrateful Creature Man doth the Goodness and Mercy of God appear infinite like himself in that the Air doth still yield man breath and not poyson him in that the Water so variously accommodates him and not drowns him that the Fire comforts and not consumes him that the Earth bears and sustains him and not through drought prove barren parch up and cleave asunder to swallow him that his Food doth nourish and not choak him that Death doth spare and not strike yea that Hell is conquered for him O the depth the depth the depth of the Goodness of God to this faln restored yet ungrateful Creature Man yea there had not been any such thing at all as Death had not man disobeyed for God made not Death in the beginning nor should it have been except of our selves for it ensued on the voluntary Sin of man God forcibly inflicting it as a most just Punishment and the present Punishments of this life are but the beginning of Everlasting because they are not sufficient here to satisfie Gods Justice and though God doth not so punish the sins of the godly yet is not his Justice impeached thereby because he punished them in Christ with a punishment Temporal yet equivalent to Everlasting which equability doth the Gospel adde unto the rigor and severity of the Law Now the Judgements of God are not onely Punishments to the Sufferers and Offenders but also Documents and Instructions to all others that behold them know them and hear them they are as Sermons to Repentance for this very end and purpose he worketh them and therefore they must be Instructions to us to avoid the occasion of them which is Sin The Sin against the Holy Ghost is when any after that he hath by the Holy Ghost been lightned with the knowledge of the Truth of the Gospel doth stand against that Truth not for fear or through infirmity but on wilful Malice for this Sin is a spightful resistance of the Gospel against the knowledge and light of Conscience after the Spirit hath perswaded the heart of the Truth and Benefit thereof and when a man sinneth out of malice and spight against God himself and Christ Jesus which is not every sin of Presumption or against Knowledge and Conscience but such a kinde of presumptuous Offence in which true Religion is renounced and that of set purpose and resolved malice against the very Majesty of God himself and Christ Heb. 10.29 This Sin against the Holy Ghost is said to be unpardonable not that it exceedeth or surmounteth the greatness of the Merit of Christ but because he that commits it is punished with a final Blindeness and without Repentance there is granted no Remission of Sins neither is it unpardonable because it is greater then Gods Mercy or as Cain thought Greater then can be pardoned Gen. 4.13 but because the heart of him who committeth it is uncapable of Mercy As if a ventless Vessel be cast into the Sea it cannot take in one drop of water not because there is not water enough in the Sea to fill it but because it had never a vent to receive water In every Sin these four things are to be considered viz. 1. The Fault whereby God is offended in the Action which is the Root of all the rest 2. The Guilt whereby the Conscience is bound over unto Punishment 3. The Punishment it self which is eternal Death the wages of Sin 4. A certain Stain or Blot which it imprints and leaves in the offender The Seat of Sin in man is threefold viz. 1. Reason whereof Some are of Knowledge Others of Ignorance 2. The Will whereof Some are from the Will immediately Others are somewhat beside the Will Some are mixed partly with the Will partly against it 3. Affection whereof Some are of Infirmity Others of Presumption In respect of the Law Sin is twofold viz. 1. Of Commission but if we carry a constant purpose not to sin and endeavor to resist all Temptations our Concupiscence will not be imputed to us 2. Of Omission which obliges us to Punishment as much as Sin of Commission Again Sins are either 1. Immediately against God as all the Breaches of the First
Leaving man to the liberty and mutability of his own Will not hindring his Fall by supply of Grace and by Satans Tempting who being himself faln and envying Gods Glory and Mans Happiness subtilly addressed himself in the Serpents shape 3. Mans Yielding who being left to the mutability of his own Will voluntarily enclined to that evil whereunto he was tempted The Sins committed in the first Sin of Adam viz. 1. Discontent in not being contented with that estate wherein he was placed 2. Pride against God Ambition and an Admiration of himself 3. Incredulity Unbelief and Contempt of Gods Justice and Mercy 4. Stubbornness and Disobedience even when there was but one Commandment and man qualified to keep it 5. Unthankfulness for Benefits received at his Creation 6. To his Posterity Unnaturalness Injustice and Cruelty 7. Apostacy or manifest Defection from God to the Devil whom he obeyed and believed Man through the Devils instigation was the first Author of Sin the true Cause thereof therefore God is not the Author of Sin 1. Because he is of his own Nature Good the Chief Good no evil thing then can proceed from him 2. It is written Gen. 1.31 All that God had made was very good 3. The Law of God condemneth all evil things and commandeth all that is good 4. He were unjust if he should punish Sin in man if himself were the Author of it 5. The Description of Sin is a destruction of the Image of God in man 6. The many places in Scripture to the contrary Psal 5. Jam. 1. Eccl. 15. Rom. 3. The Causes of Gods Permission of the first Sin viz. 1. To shew his Justice and Power to the Wicked and his Mercy to the Chosen Rom. 11.32 Gal. 3.22 2. That it might stand for an Example of the weakness and infirmity of the Creatures even the most excellent of all the rest The greatness of Adams sin viz. 1. He regarded not the Promise of God whereby he was willed to hope for Everlasting Life 2. He despised the Commandment of God restraining him from the forbidden Fruit. 3. He brake out into horrible Pride and Ambition whereby he would be equal unto God and seek an estate higher then that wherein he had set him though it were most excellent 4. He shewed an unfaithful Heart to depart away from the living God his Creator so that he did not believe or not regard the Threatning of God that he should dye if he sinned 5. He brake out into foul and fearful Apostacy from God to the Devil from his Maker to the Tempter giving more credit to the Father of Lyes then to the God of all Truth of whose Goodness he had such great Experience Other Sins in Adams sin of eating the forbidden Fruit 1. Disloyalty in being content to hear his Maker blasphemously discredited and in his heart consenting to the Blasphemy in charging God of Envy for forbidding him to eat of the Tree of Knowledge 2. Intemperance in that he was carried so far by his Appetite as to exceed the Bounds set him 3. An Inordinate Love to his Wife swaying him to eat more then the Love of God to refrain 4. Curiosity in that he would try what Vertue lay hid in the Fruit. Our former state and condition by Nature is oft and seriously to be thought on and that in respect 1. Of Christ the more to magnifie his Love Psal 8.1 4. 1 Tim. 1.12 2. Of our selves to humble us and to keep us from insolent boasting in those Priviledges whereof through Christ we are made partakers 1 Cor. 4.7 3. Of others to move us the more to commiserate their woful estate who yet remain as we once were to conceive hope and use means of their alteration Tit. 3. The heinousness and grievousness of obstinate sinners viz. 1. Obstinate proceeding in sin keepeth all Mercy from us as a thick Cloud that suffereth not the comfortable Light of the Sun to shine in our faces Rom. 11.25 28. 2. It maketh the least sin that a man committeth or can commit to be like to that Sin against the Holy Ghost that shall never be forgiven neither in this world nor in that to come Mat. 12.32 for it is not so much Sin simply that condemneth a man for then all men should be condemned insomuch as all men have sinned as Obstinacy and Wilful continuing in sin 3. It is a Sin against the Gospel it self and the very Doctrine of Salvation If then we believe in earnest that we shall come to Judgement if we take not Heaven and Hell the Eternal Joys of the one and the Everlasting Torments of the other for meer Fables if we think the Blessedness of the holy Angels worth the having or the condition of the infernal Spirits worth the avoiding Let us not continue in sin Rules how to perceive the grievousness of our sins viz. 1. Compare them with other mens sins as with Adams sin for doubtless we have many sins considered in the fact come after his onely in time and yet by that sin Adam brought not onely on himself but on all his Posterity Mortality and Destruction the first and second Death 2. Let us consider our sins in the Punishment thereof that is Subjection to all Wo and Misery yea and to Death it self in this life and to Death Eternal after this life with the Devil and his Angels This is the Reward of every sin in it self 3. Consider these thy sins as they were laid on the holy Person of our Savior Christ which he endured not onely outward bodily Torments on the Cross but inwardly in Soul apprehended the whole Wrath of God due unto us for the same which caused him to sweat Water and Blood and to cry My God my God why c. 4. Have recourse to the last Commandment which forbids the very first Thought and Motions in the Heart to sin though we never give Consent of Will thereto nay though we abhor the Fact it self How God doth punish Sin viz. 1. Most grievously for the greatenss of sin because the Infinite God is offended thereby 2. Most justly because every sin violateth his Law and therefore even the least sin meriteth Eternal Death abjection and casting away 3. Most certainly as in respect 1. Of his Justice which punisheth whatsoever is not agreeable to it 2. Of his Truth because he had before denounced That he would punish men if they obeyed not his Commandment The degrees of the Punishment the wicked do and shall suffer for sin viz. 1. In this Life when the Conscience for their misdceds doth gnaw vex and punish them then beginneth their Hellish and Infernal Worm 2. In Temporal Death when they departing out of this life without comfort go into the place of Torment and Vexations Luke 16. 3. At the Day of Judgement when again to every of their Bodies reunited to their Souls the Pains of Hell to both shall be consummated The Effects of Sin viz. 1. Sins that follow are the Effects
of those sins which go before 2. In the immoveable and perpetual Order of Gods Judgement an Evil Conscience 3. Temporal and Spiritual Evils as Temporal Death and indeed all the Calamities of this life 4. Eternal Death which is the Effect of all sins as they are sins Two Helps to withstand Sin 1. Labor for Spiritual Wisdom to be able to discern the Policy of Satan 2. Labor for Spiritual Strength to withstand all his Provocations Three degrees of curing the Disease of Sin in us 1. To know our Sickness the dangerous Malady of Sin 2. To know the Remedy for it which is Christ 3. To apply the Remedy as we ought by Faith Of the contagious Infection of Sin we are to make this wholesom Use as an Antidote against it viz. 1. We must labor to come to the knowledge of our sins and to be touched with a feeling of them for till then we can never pray for Mercy as we ought from the great Soul-Physitian 2. We are put in minde to confess our sins and uncleanness that so we may be washed by him that purgeth us for If we acknowledge our sins he is merciful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all sin 1 Joh. 1.9 3. We must know by what means God useth to sanctifie us it is by the Blood of his own Son for the Blood of Christ purgeth us from all sin 1 Joh. 1.7 Heb. 9.14 4. We must seek Mercy while it is offered unto us when our hearts are terrified for sin Let us have recourse to the Fountain of his Blood which can never be drawn dry Isaiah 55.6 7. Psal 51.1 2. 5. We must buy of Christ White Garments to clothe us and to cover our deformity Rev. 3.18 that the filthiness of our nakedness may not appear 6. We must forsake our sins and walk in the statutes of God Isa 1.16 17. Ezek. 20.18 19. if we bring not forth the fruit of obedience we wallow in our mire 7. If God hath given us Grace to stand we must pray him to give us also Grace to continue and persevere unto the end 8. We must walk circumspectly and forsake the Company of the Wicked and society with them 2 Cor. 6.16 Avoid all occasions and inducements to sin to abstain even from the appearances of evil Again to be preserv'd from Sin use these Remedies viz. 1. With thy Eyes ever behold God present and ever have his fear before thee 2. With thy Ears ever hear that terrible voyce sounding Arise ye Dead and come to Judgement 3. With thy Hands be ever exercising that which is good 4. In thy Heart ever hide the Word of God and meditate continually thereon 5. With thy Tongue and Lips ever bring some honor to God and Edification to the hearer in all that proceedeth from them knowing God hears even our Thoughts 6. With thy Feet stand in the Courts of Gods House but offer not the Sacrifice of Fools 7. With thy whole Man render thy self serviceable to thy Creator and see thou keep thy Body holy as becometh the Temple of the Holy Ghost For forsaking of Sin observe these Rules viz. 1. It must not be for a short time for a fit or a season but for ever renouncing all Right Title Interest and Propriety therein 2. We must alienate our selves for ever not onely from some but all our sins the most pleasant the most dear the most profitable sins 3. It must be a forsaking in deed and not an exchanging of one sin for another Means sanctified of God to keep us from Sin viz. 1. The Ministery of the Word Thus he sent Jonah to the Ninevites Jon. 3.4 Nathan to David 2 Sam. 12.1 And the Prophets to the Israelites continually 2 Chro. 36.14 15. Acts 2.37 38. 2. The Benefits and Blessings of God many and great daily and continual This should be an Argument prevalent to disswade us from sin and invite us to serve the Living God Prov. 10.12 3. He hath bestowed upon us his own Son the greatest Blessing in Heaven or Earth for a greater cannot be promised of God or comprehended of Man Rom. 8.31 John 3.16 If the serious Consideration of this will not move us to repent of sin nothing in the World will 4. The Corrections and Chastisements which are laid upon us Psal 89.31 32. Job 33.16 Yea upon others also which should be as so many warning pieces to call us to Repentance Isai 26.9 5. Private Admonitions and Exhortations yea Reproofs and Threatnings of Judgement when the former will not serve Levit. 19.17 Prov. 9.8 6. The inward Motions and Inspirations of the Holy Spirit which he stirreth up in our Hearts 2 Sam. 24.10 Psal 16.7 Let us make much of them lest he withdraw them and give us over to our selves The Use of the Doctrine of Sin viz. 1. That seeing sin is so great an Evil we praise the Justice of God who so severely punisheth it and not think to extenuate it but endeavor to avoid the least 2. That acknowledging the remnant of sin in us we despair not but flie to the Mediator 3. That we may discern our selves from those in whom sin reigneth and that sin against the Holy Ghost 4. That we lay not the cause and fault of our sins on God when it is and ever was in our selves 5. That seeing there are degrees of sins and punishments we take heed of adding sin to sin 6. Let us return perpetual praise to God and his Son our Lord Jesus Christ who from sin and the fearful punishment thereof hath ransomed all penitent Believers by his Spirit converting them from Sin to Good Works which follow XII A Good Work is a Duty commanded of God performed by a Regenerate person and done in Faith aiming therein at the Glory of God and the good of Men I mean not the Popish meritorious Works but such as are the Fruits and Effects of a Living and Effectual Faith so called not that they are without imperfection even the best of them but because from the true Believer God is pleased to accept of them as good yet he accepts them not seem they never so good no farther then he findes Faith in them and yet accepts he the gift be it never so small for the givers sake if he believe in him Thus Works of Justice Temperance and the like cannot be called Godliness or good Works except they rise from Faith because indeed it is not done to God for further then a man doth a thing out of Faith he doth it not to God For to do a thing out of Faith is nothing else but when out of perswasion of Gods love to me I do this thing meerly for his sake whom I have chosen to whom I give my self one that I know loves me and therefore though there were no reward for it I would serve him This is a Work of Faith insomuch as that Almsdeeds Martyrdom or the like may not be called Good Works if they
respect sake which we owe our Bodies 1 Cor. 12.23 24. Special Rules for Direction in the right adorning of the Body viz. 1. Every one must be content with their own natural Favor and Complexion that God hath given them 2. We must place the principal Ornament of our Souls and Bodies in Vertue and good Works and not in any outward thing 3. In the use of Ornaments we must be very sparing and keep our selves within the mean 4. Ornaments must be used not always alike but according to occasions as in this time of Holy Feasting we may use them more freely then at other times 5. We must adorn our Bodies to a right end viz. That thereby we may honor them and in them honor God The right and spiritual use of Apparrelling our selves viz. 1. To consider our Cloaths are but as the Plaister of our shame and thereby to humble our selves 2. When we clothe our selves to remember to gird up our loyns to prepare our selves for Christ whether by Death or by Judgement 3. By putting on of our Garments we must be admonished to put on Christ Rom. 13.14 4. By putting off of our Cloaths we are admonished to put off the old Man the Body of Corruption Sick Soul hast surfetted with Sin No doubt Thy safest Physick is to Fast it out Or is Gods hand his just Revenging hand Threatned inflicted on thee or the Land Or doest thou want some Blessing Go thy way Prepare thy self to Mourn to Fast and Pray But if God stops a Plague or sheaths his Sword Thou may'st be glad Rejoyce but in the Lord And let thy Holy Feasting never be Without Thanksgiving Fear and Charity CHAP. VIII Of Ecclesiastical Discipline ECclesiastical Discipline is that other Key of the Kingdom of Heaven which is joyned with that of the Preaching of the Gospel and doth open or shut when according to the Commandment of Christ they who in Name are Christians but in their Doctrine or Life shew themselves aliens from Christ Rom. 12.7 c. After they having sometime been admonished will not depart from their Errors and Wickedness are made known unto the Church or to them that are appointed for that matter and purpose of the Church and if neither then they obey the Admonition are of the same men by interdiction from the Sacraments shut out from the Congregation of the Church and by God himself out of the Kingdom of Heaven And again if they profess and indeed declare amendment of life are received as Members of Christ and his Church Matth. 18.17 c. 1 Cor. 5.2 c. 2 Thes 3.14 15. This Ecclesiastical Discipline is to be ministred by the Pastors of the Church whereunto are adjoyned certain Elders for this end as Necessities shall require chosen of the Church For Excommunication is an Action of the Church performed in the Name of Christ whereby a grievous Transgressor or an open ungodly and obstinate Sinner is banished from the Fellowship of the Faithful by the judgement of the Elders by the consent of the Church by the Authority of Christ and by the Holy Scriptures They who are to be Excommunicated are chiefly such as deny some Article of the Faith or shew that they will not repent nor submit themselves to the Will of God according to his Commandments neither make any scruple of persisting stubbornly in manifest Wickedness The chief and principal part in Excommunication is Denunciation whereby is denounced That he that denyeth Faith and Repentance is no Member of the Church as long as he continueth such And this Denunciation whereby one is Excommunicated is not in the Power of the Minister of the Church but in the Power of the Church and is done in the name of the Church because this Commandment was given by Christ unto the Church and not for the destruction of the Sinner which is to be Excommunicated but for his Edification or Salvation 1 Cor. 5.5 Some draw the Original of this Church Censure even from Adam whom the Lord cast out of Eden and by an Angel kept him from re-entring and suffered him not to touch or taste of that Tree which was a Sacrament of Life unto him So some observe touching Cain whom the Lord cast out and banished from his face and indeed the Face of God may be called The place of his solemn Worship where he more specially appears In the time of the Law were many Ceremonies to this purpose the unclean were kept from coming to the Tabernacle from entring into the Temple from the partaking of the Sacrifices and from eating the Passover Num. 19.13 20. 9.13 And Abraham is commanded to cast out the Bond-woman and her son out of his Family which was the Church Gen. 21.10 11. So in the New Testament Matth. 16.19 18.18 The use of the Keys to open and shut and the words of binding and loosing come directly to this purpose This was executed on Hymeneus and Alexander 1 Tim. 1.19 20. From all which it is very clear That Excommunication is a sentence of the Church whereby a Member thereof convicted of some grievous Crime and by no means brought to Repentance is driven out of the Church and cut off from the Communion and Fellowship of the Faithful that thereby he may be driven to Repentance The Church is the City of God Excommunication is the Sword That the School of Christ this is the Rod That the Temple of God this is as it were the Whip to scourge out such as abuse it and themselves That the Body of Christ this is as a Medicine to cure the sick Members thereof That the Vine and Sheepfold this serveth to keep the Foxes and Wolves from it The Mark whereat Excommunication aimeth and the end whereto it tendeth is That the Sinners being ashamed may be brought to Repentance and that such as live in the Church might not be corrupted for the cause of the Institution of Excommunication is not so much the punishment of Sin as the Salvation of a Sinner the edifying of the Church and the glory of God For the Church according to the Doctrine of Christ smiteth none with the Spiritual Sword but such as are impenitent and doth not this unto death but unto life and therefore receiveth them that repent The Censure of Excommunication must be used as an Ordinance of God not as an Invention of Man not onely knowing the nature and use of it but practising it to the glory of God and to the good of others Not like the Church of Rome that playes fast and loose with the souls of men for gain nor like their Apes of Modern Times little regarding whether the Excommunicate repented or not but more advising them to pay their Fees and discharge the Court then to repent of their Offences The persons that are liable to this Censure of the Church are onely such as have confessed Christ and called upon God the Father together with us albeit they have denied him in their deeds
it Must we never pray it because it may not always be absolutely necessary may it therefore be never expedient Hence then never let any sober Christian more undervalue this Form for Prayer for the reason onely of others thinking too highly of it nor admire it for the reason of others vain undervaluing it but pray it in Knowledge Faith and Fervency without which the words are as a dead letter This Form is compleatly Comprehensive of all things petitionable whether Spiritual Temporal or Eternal an exact Epitomy of what God hath promised to give or man hath leave to ask It is that Form of words for Prayer which our Savior taught his Disciples commanding them when they pray to say Our Father which c. Next follows that Creed which vulgarly is stiled Apostolical whereby we make Confession of that Faith which believes in one God even the true God one in Essence Deut. 6.4 Three in Persons 1 Joh. 5.7 The Father the Creator Psal 134.3 the Son the Redeemer Rom. 5.18 the Holy Ghost the Sanctifier 1 Pet. 1.2 which Believes that the Holy Eph. 1.3 4. and Catholick Church Isa 54.2 consists of the Faithful people of God which Believes that there is a Communion of Saints Eph. 4.15 16. Pardoned of all sins Isa 44.22 Appointed to Rise from Death and to enjoy Eternal Life both in Body and Soul Joh. 6.39 40. In the next a word of the Decalogue in general How in the Table of mans Heart it stood engraven before it was repeated in stone Also how and in what maner the Law was given How many ways the Decalogue's divided with Rules concerning the substance and meaning thereof in general Various and voluminous are the Expositions on the Commandments but here as in a Map quasi uno intuita thou mayest descry the whole Region of the Law of God The same may be said of the whole Work as it stands in relation to the subject it treats of Now because we are not under the Law but under Grace some have dream'd That the Enacting of the Gospel hath Repealed the Statutes made when Moses was Speaker the Lord awaken them Do we now make void the Law through Faith God forbid yea we establish the Law Rom. 3.31 David a man in request with God a man after his own heart took the Testimonies of God for his Heritage for ever made them the joy of his heart and resolved to keep the Commandments of his God Psal 119.112 115. and in ver 126. he saith It is time for thee O Lord to work for they have made void thy Law and in the next Verse most passionately declares his affection saying I love thy Commandments above gold yea above fine gold A plain Discovery why others reject them But if thou wilt live keep the Commandments Prov. 7.2 keep them exactly universally constantly chearfully and sincerely Have no Gods but One and that the onely true God Worship no Created thing In vain do not take Gods Name in thy thoughts actions or otherwise Consecrate the Seventh day Reverence thy Superiors but not with Religious Worship Commit no Adultery by the eye or otherwise Do not play the Thief in thy Calling or otherwise Give no false Testimony and endeavor after that excellent gift of Contentation Thus with holy David have thou respect to all the Lords Commandments and that continually Psal 119.117 for the Lord sheweth Mercy unto Thousands of them that love him and keep his Commandments Exod. 20.6 The next is touching the Infinite Love of God to Man The Decree of Election according to the good will and pleasure of God from all Eternity The Creation of all things out of nothing without any Instruments Means Assistance or Motion onely by the Word of God alone The Redemption of Man by the Imputation of the sufferings of the punishment due for sin in the person of our Mediator Vocation whereby we are called from Darkness to Light from a state of Nature to a state of Grace from out of the World to the Kingdom of Heaven from being Limbs of Satan to be Members of Christ from Children of Wrath to become the Heirs of Heaven Justification whereby God absolveth true Believers from the guilt of sin by the Imputation of the Righteousness of Christ Sanctisication or the inward changing of a justified man purged from all the corruption of Nature and endued with inward Righteousness whereby the Image of God is restored in him Adoption whereby the justified through the Union they have with Christ are accounted of God as his own Children Regeneration or the repairing of the decayed estates of our souls the Holy Ghost actuating the hearts of Gods Elect to a free constant and faithful exercise of a holy life Conversion or mutation of a corrupt Minde Life and Will into a good stirred up in the Chosen by the Holy Ghost through the Preaching of the Gospel Repentance that inward and continual sorrowing and mourning for the Commission of sin joyned with Faith Humiliation and a constant turning from all sin unto God with a hatred and loathing thereof thus accompanied with both inward and outward amendment and New Obedience whereby a man is renewed unto that whereunto he was enabled by Creation whereby being endued with Faith and Repentance he doth according to the measure of Grace received endeavor to yield Obedience to all Gods Commandments with the whole man for which end even the Revelation of the Mystery which was kept secret since the World began was made known to all Nations Rom. 16.26 The next speaks of Fasting that holy and extraordinary Abstinence from the commodities of this life for our better humiliation and preparation to Prayer when any Judgement on our selves or Brethren is either threatned feared begun or executed How this part of Divine Worship hath been of late years prophaned in this Land may to this day be read in the Euroclydons of Gods fearful Judgements Insomuch as it s now necessary that we Fast for our Fasts For did we not Fast to Wrath to Revenge to Strife to Envy to Debate Did we not Feast our Lusts when nought but the posture of a Bulrush could denote our Fasting Did we not Fast at Noon to surfet at Night Did we not even then afflict our Brethren in stead of our Souls Did we not finde pleasure in the day of our Fasts and exact all our Labors Did we not draw Iniquity with cords of Vanity even then when we should have loosed the Bands of Wickedness Did we not even then load on weights grievous to be born in stead of undoing the heavy Burthens Did we not even then also receive the gain of Oppression in stead of letting the oppressed go free Did we not then likewise take the staff of Life from such as were half famished before in stead of dealing our bread to the hungry Did we not then also cast the poor out of their own Dwellings in stead of bringing them that were cast out into our own
Will Eph. 1.9 3. The End which is Gods Glory Eph. 3.10 4. The Efficacy which is Gods Power Rom. 1.16 Touching the Scriptures we are principally to consider these 4 things 1. Who is the Author of them that is as hath been shewed God himself Gal. 1.11 12. 2. Who are the instrumental Causes they are as hath been likewise shewed the Prophets and Apostles 2 Pet. 1.21 3. To whom they belong even to all sorts and degrees of men and women Psal 111.2 119.9 4. What is the property thereof viz. All-sufficiency without any patching of mens Decrees or Inventions to teach the true knowledge of God 2 Pet. 1.16 1 Cor. 1.17 〈◊〉 the Scripture is the Word of God and 〈◊〉 Doctrine of infallible Truth and certainty may be firmly proved from these unanswerable Arguments drawn from Scripturâ—it self 1. From the Causes thereof wherein consider 1. That the first and principal is the Author thereof even God himself to him do the Scriptures refer themselves and also shew how God is their Author Now nothing is falsly ascribed to God but God in time will bring the same to nought and therefore if the Scripture had not been Gods Word it would long ago have vanished 2. The cause Conservant for the Devil by wicked men and Hereticks hath labored to take away Gods Word from mens hearts and hands but yet it is still preserved in the Church which argues that it is kept by a greater power then is in all men and all Angels that is by the power of God 3. The causes Instrumental they were holy men of God Prophets and Apostles who for vertue und piety exceeded other Writers far beyond all comparison and if they had been meer Polititians their writings would have shewed it for the Penmen of holy Scripture have herein faithfully registred their own faults which no politick person would have done 2. From the Matter therof which stands 1. In doctrine which is The Law set forth in most excellent purity nothing being therein against it or common Equity The Law is perfect Reason the Gospel above Reason yet not contrary to Reason The Gospel wherein is set down Doctrine altogether above mans Reason touching Christs Incarnation and mans Redemption by his death and although these things be above Nature yet we finde them true wholesom and good in experience of conscience which also proveth that they are the Word of God Men may devise strange things above Nature but they can never be wholesom to the conscience 2. In stile the phrase is plain and familiar and yet in any one speech there is more majesty then in all the writings of men 3. From the End thereof for it sets up Gods Worship and mans Salvation and yet gives nothing to Men or Angels but all to the glory of God but for the writings of men they do either directly or by insinuation ascribe something to the writers thereof 4. From the Effects thereof For 1. Though it is against our corrupt Nature crossing and condemning the same yet it winneth men to the love thereof and to obedience thereto which could not be unless it were the Truth of God for we abhor and detest the words of men that be against our Nature 2. It serves notably to comfort a man in all distresses whatsoever even in the pangs of death when no word of any man can do him the least good but onely his word that is the Lord of our soul and the God of our life 5. From the two properties of Scripture 1. Antiquity Among humane writings we have none of certainty in things they record that go so high as the Creation but the Scripture sets down things done from the beginning 2. Mutual Consent for though the Books of Scripture were written by divers men in sundry Ages and Times yet all agree within themselves there is no contradiction in Scripture but the writings of men have not this consent no not in the same Author whom commonly we shall finde contradicting himself 6. From the signs and true miracles thereof as the parting of the Sea the staying of the Sun and Moon and many others yea the Incarnation of the Son of God the Miracle of miracles 7. From the Contraries Contrary to the word of God is the will of the Devil and mans corrupt Nature the Devil hates Scripture and mans corrupt Nature repines thereat when it is checked and controlled thereby Now that which is contrary to these two must needs be holy and true and that is the word of God 8. From Testimonies whereof there be 2 kindes 1. Of holy Martyrs who in all ages have sealed the truth thereof preferring the word of God before their own lives whence it is truly said Sanguis Martyrum semen Ecclesiae And though Hereticks have dyed for falshood yet there is great difference in their ends the true Martyrs have unspeakable joy in the Spirit in their torments but Hereticks have no such joy but a natural sensless blockishness whereby they undergo these torments 2. Of Gods Spirit which is the principal testimony for when men begin to learn and obey the word of God then the Spirit of God settles their Conscience in the perswasion of the truth of Scripture which is infallibility it self The Testimony of the Holy Ghost touching Gods Word is obtained and discerned from the Testimony of man by doing these two things 1. By resigning our selves to become truly obedient to the Doctrine taught John 7.17 2. By praying unto God for his Spirit to certifie our Consciences that the Doctrine revealed is the very Doctrine of God Mat. 7.7 8. Luke 11.13 Jam. 1.7 The Majesty of the Scriptures consisteth chiefly in these three excellencies 1. In the Majesty of the Spirit of God which shineth in them 2. In the Consent of all the parts among themselves 3. In the Fulfilling all the Prophesies delivered long before yet accomplished precisely each of them in their proper place The Authority of the Scripture doth not as the Papists affirm depend on the Church for these Reasons 1. The reproach of God by making the Testimony of mans voyce greater then the voyce of God 2. Our Comfort for Faith is grounded on approved witness therefore not on man 3. The truth of God is plainly exposed to the mocks and scoffs of the wicked if we affirm that our Religion is from God onely because our selves say so 4. Because the Authority of the Church depends on the Scripture 5. The Scripture it self is in many places against this opinion John 5. 1 Cor. 2. 1 John 5. The Popish twofold Scripture 1. Inward Scripture or a consent of Doctrine written by the Holy Ghost in the hearts of all Catholicks and this say they is right Scripture Unparalleld Blasphemy 2. Outward Scripture which is written in Paper or Parchment which hath no certain sense as they falsly affirm but as the present Church determines thereof but this is a devilish Doctrine abolishing the true Word of God
give them ability to obey For this is not to be under the Law and the Law not to be given to the righteous so that the Bond and Doctrine remaineth although the Condemnation and Constraint be taken away Let no Christian man whatsoever therefore think that he is freed from the obedience of the Moral Law for the compleatness and perfection of our wisdom and salvation which we have in Christ doth not exclude but include rather and comprehend the Doctrine of the Law Think not that Christ came to destroy the Law or the Prophets no he came not to destroy but to fulfil them Mat. 5.17 neither think that we make the Law of none effect through faith for thereby we establish the Law Rom. 3.3 which sheweth us what is to be done and the Gospel by the Spirit of Regeneration ministreth unto us power both to will and to do The word Gospel signifieth Good tidings but it is generally taken for that Doctrine which containeth the Promise of forgiveness of sins to the penitent and life everlasting made unto us of God in the Word by his Son It is the Doctrine made manifest of God by his Son the Mediator presently after the fall of mankinde into sin and death promising all believing and repentant sinners remission of sins and their receiving into favor and life everlasting freely to be granted through and for his Son the Mediator By which Doctrine the Holy Ghost doth forcibly kindle and work in the hearts of the chosen faith repentance and the beginning of everlasting life This Gospel is the Key which openeth the Kingdom of Heaven to all Believers and shutteth it against Unbelievers when by the commandment of Christ it is publikely declared to all and every one of the faithful that all their sins are pardoned them for the Merit of Christ so often as they embrace by a lively faith the Promise of the Gospel but on the other side it is denounced to all Infidels and Hypocrites That so long the wrath of God and everlasting damnation doth lie on them as they persist in their wickedness Joh. 20.23 Mat. 16.19 according to which Testimony of the Gospel God will judge them as well in this life as in the life to come This Gospel was first made known in Paradice Gen. 3.15 and afterward God did spread it abroad by the the Patriarchs and Prophets Gen. 22.18 49.10 11. Rom. 1.2 shadowed it by Sacrifices and other Ceremonies of the Law Joh. 5.46 Heb. 10.7 and lastly accomplished it by his onely begotten Son Rom. 10.4 Gal. 4.4 Heb. 13.8 All those things which are promised us in the Gospel are necessary for a Christian man to believe Joh. 20.31 the sum whereof is briefly comprised in the Creed of the Apostles or the Articles of the Catholick and undoubted Faith of all Christians So that these Promises of the Gospel are limited with the condition of Faith and Repentance being indefinite in regard of whole mankinde and universal onely to Believers and therefore men are not brought within the Covenant by the supposed Doctrine of Universal Grace and Redemption for had there always in the Old Testament such an Universal Grace been given to all whereby they might be saved if they would they would never have thought so grosly of God as some of them did nor could the Heathen have had such carnal conceits of God as we finde they had had they had but one spark of true knowledge of the Messias and therefore howsoever the Heathen had so much knowledge of God as made them without excuse yet we are to hold That before Christs coming they were left to themselves and forsaken of God in his just Judgement in regard of his special grace and favor yea in the first Age of the world there were some that were the sons of God others the daughters of men Gen. 6.2 After the Flood some the children of the Flesh others the children of the Promise Gal. 4.29 And under the Law a people of God and no people Hos 1.10 which distinction of man and man people and people could not be were the opinion of Universal Grace otherwise then false and erroneous The Gospel indeed which is that part of Gods Word touching remission of sins and salvation is by our Savior commanded to be preached to all Nations and though the Promises therein contained are near us yet unless God clear them we see them no more then Mary Magdalen did Jesus though he stood near enough to her or the Disciples with whom he conversed on the way or Hagar the Well till their eyes were open but to as many as are Gods chosen this his soft voyce or the voyce of the Gospel is said to be a clearing of the Promises and the immediate Testimony of the Spirit both which alway go together and are never disjoyned and to them onely doth God impute for perfect righteousness the Merit of Christ set forth in this Gospel and restoreth salvation unto them for that in them alone he obtaineth the end both of his Creation and of his delivery and Justification even his praise and glory for they onely acknowledge this benefit of God and yield thanks unto him for it the rest despise it The truth and certainty of the Gospel that is of the Promise of Grace appeareth 1. By the Testimony of the Holy Ghost 2. By the Prophesies which have been uttered by the Prophets and other holy men 3. By the fulfilling of these Prophesies which was accomplished in the New Testament 4. By the Miracles whereby the Doctrine of the Gospel was confirmed 5. By the end or property of the Gospel because that alone sheweth the way how to escape death and sin It is called the Gospel of Peace in a double respect 1. Of the subject matter which is the Peace and Reconciliation which Christ the Mediator made between God and Man 2. Of the effect being to work peace in them that hear and believe it the Spirit first moving us to embrace the Reconciliation offered therein and then quieting our Conscience The proper effects of the Gospel are faith Rom. 10.17 1.16 2 Cor. 3.8 and our whole conversion unto God Justification Regeneration and Salvation which are the effects of faith And herein the Gospel mainly differs from the Law for the Law is the Ministery of death and killeth but the Gospel is the Ministery of life and of the Spirit that is it hath the forcible operation of the Holy Ghost adjoyned and quickneth The Law by it self without the Gospel is onely the letter that is the outward preaching and bare knowledge of those things which we ought to do teaching indeed our duty and that righteousness which God requireth at our hands but not enabling us to perform that righteousness neither shewing us any hope to attain thereunto by another but rather accusing and condemning our unrighteousness but the Gospel is the instrument of the Holy Ghost which he properly useth to kindle faith in us
two sorts 1. The sins of the hearers which principally are Hardness of heart Worldly cares 2. Ordinary and usual defects of natural gifts as want of capacity memory and the like They that submit themselves to hear Gods Word are sundry ways bound to perform obedience 1. By the Law of Creation as they are Gods Creatures 2. By the Law of Redemption as they are Christs servants bought by his precious Blood ransomed from death to life 3. In regard of their Adoption as they are or at least hold themselves to be his children in Christ 4. In regard of his merciful providence whereof we have daily experience The Word of God heard must be obeyed for these Reasons 1. To encline our hearts to walk in his ways that we have learned is an infallible sign that we truly fear God Gen. 22.13 2. Obedience is always joyned with Recompence God rewarding it to the full who is a most rich Pay-master no man shall serve him for nought Psal 19.11 3. If we hearken unto him he will hearken unto us if we be not backward to serve him he will not be behinde hand to serve us Isa 58.9 4. They are to be obeyed that have no absolute Authority but are themselves under the Authority of others much more ought the Lord himself to be obeyed who is above all and all under him Thus from the less to the greater did the Centurion reason Matth. 8.8 9. 5. The Rechabites obeyed Jonadab their father and received a blessing for their obedience Jer. 35.8 13 14. shall we make less account of God if we have given reverence to the fathers of our flesh shall we not much rather be in subjection to the Father of Spirits and live Heb. 12.9 6. There is a special relation between God and his people the Subject oweth obedience to his Prince the Servant to his Master the Childe to his Father God is all in all he is our King we his Subjects he is our Master we his Servants he is our Father we his Children Mal. 1.6 Reasons to enforce us to be careful how we hear viz. 1. Because it is the word of God himself and not of any mortal man 1 Thess 2.13 2. Because not one jot or tittle of this word shall go unfulfilled Mat. 5.18 3. It becometh the savor of life unto life or of death unto deeper condemnation 2 Cor. 2.16 4. The word is the ordinary means of our Salvation which God doth use to save those that be his Rom. 1.16 5. Because it is four to one whether we hear as we ought For 1. Some hear but understand not 2. Some hear and understand but affect it not 3. Others hear understand and affect the word yet practice not 4. And of many hearers but few good Luke 8. Mat. 13. 6. Because without profitable hearing when we may and ought we are damned Heb. 2.1 2 3. 12.25 7. Without this we neither love God nor know him without both which we cannot be saved Joh. 14.23 1 Joh. 4.6 8. Because this word preached leaveth us without excuse at the day of Judgement Joh. 15.22 9. If we hear as we ought God accepts of us and preferreth us above all other people Exod. 19.5 10. Without careful and profitable hearing we can never attain to saving Faith whereby we are saved Rom. 10. Take heed how you hear was often in the mouth of our Savior and must be always in the ears of such as will hear well This caution doth the wise-man give Eccl. 5.1 Take heed unto thy feet when thou entrest into the house of the Lord and be readier to hear then to offer the sacrifice of fools that we may therefore come prepared to the hearing of the word it is necessary that we be humbled for our sins that we purge our hearts of sinful affections pray for a right disposition and meditate upon the excellency of the word and our own need thereof for we are naturally blinde the word is a light sent from Heaven to enlighten us in our darkness we are assaulted by many potent enemies the word is a sword to defend us we are in poverty and want of Spiritual Graces it is a precious treasure to enrich us if we decay in holiness it is food to nourish us we are become filthy and polluted by reason of our sins it is a sweet savor to perfume us salt to season us it is the power of God unto Salvation Who scorn this Pearl so preciously divine Have lost the name of Men Christ calls them Swine Mat. 7.6 Some bolt their ears and will not hear God's Call Others will hear but practice nought at all The one incur the guilt of Self-exclusion Th' other listen to their own Confusion Wouldst thou be sav'd lost man Lo here 's that Word That kills or cures a Balsam or a Sword 'T is as thou dost apply 't Believe it saith And live it is the instrument of Faith CHAP. II. §. 1. Sacraments SAcraments are sacred Signs and Seals set before our eyes and ordained of God for this cause That he may declare and seal by them the Promise of his Gospel unto us which is That he giveth freely Remission of sins and life everlasting not onely to all in general but to every one in particular that believeth for that onely Sacrifice of Christ which he accomplished upon the Cross I say They are sacred Signs and Seals object to our eyes ordained and instituted of God that by them he might the more declare and seal the promise of his Gospel unto us Now a Sign and a Seal differ one from another as a general thing from a thing more special for every Seal is a Sign but not every Sign a Seal A Seal certifieth and confirmeth a thing a Sign onely sheweth Sacraments therefore serve in the same stead that Pledges do for both they signifie that there is something promised unto us and withal they assure and confirm the same unto us in regard whereof it is added that they are Seals So the nature of the Sacraments is That the Signs be understood corporally that the things signified must be taken Spiritually and that the visible things be not the signified things but onely Signs and Pledges of them Believers under the Gospel have onely two Sacraments or Signs of the Covenant that is Baptism succeeding Circumcision and the Supper of the Lord prefigured by the Paschal Lamb and both these preach Faith that to our outward senses which the Gospel doth to our understandings being Sacramental Rites ordained of God in the Church to be adjoyned to the Preaching of the word that the Promises of God made therein may be confirmed in us more and more For Christ committed the Office of administring the Sacraments to them alone to whom the Preaching of the word is committed without the which the Sacraments ought not to be administred for they be Seals of it and the end both of the Word and Sacraments is to lead our
not actually and to be born in the Church of believing Parents is unto Infants in stead of profession of Faith and Repentance Hence may it appear how far from this Sacrament of Baptism the Anabaptists derogate by making it but an idle Ceremony acknowledging indeed some of the ends and uses thereof but restraining the efficacy thereof and so take away the chiefest comfort and truest benefit the Church reaps thereby Many indeed are Baptized which receive not the Graces propounded and offered therein but the fault is not in that no Grace accompanieth that Sacrament but in that they receive it not but afterwards when they come to years of discretion they reject the Grace which appertaineth thereto What if some believe not shall their unbelief make the faith of God without effect God forbid Rom. 3.3 and Baptism is no natural means of working Grace as if the Grace which is sealed up thereby were inherent in the water or in the Ministers act of sprinkling it but it is onely a voluntary instrument which Christ useth as it pleaseth him to work what Grace or measure of Grace seemeth best to him so as Grace is onely assistant to it not included in it yet in the right use thereof Christ by his Spirit worketh that Grace which is received by it in respect whereof the Minister is said to Baptize with water but Christ with the Holy Ghost Mat. 3.11 So that unto true Baptism must concur a death unto sin in him that is Baptized and a new birth unto righteousness otherwise his Baptism is vain for it is not the washing away of the filth of the flesh but the stipulation of a good Conscience 1 Pet. 3.21 The use of this Sacrament without faith doth not save therefore with faith it doth save the want of this Sacrament doth not condemn yet so as that want be without contempt so some may be saved which are not Baptized but none can be saved which do not believe For the bare water in Baptism is not sufficient unto Salvation neither is it changed into the very Blood of Christ neither is the Blood of Christ present in the water or in the same place with the water neither are their bodies who are Baptized washed therewith visibly neither is the Holy Ghost by his vertue more in this water then elswhere but in the right use of Baptism he worketh in the hearts of them who are Baptized and Spiritually sprinkled and washeth them with the Blood of Christ and useth this external Symbole or Sign as an instrument and as a visible word or promise to stay and stir up the faith of them who are Baptized Now all they and they alone receive Baptism to the right use who are renewed or renewing and are Baptized to those ends whereto Baptism was by Christ instituted And as the Covenant once made with God is also afterwards after sins committed perpetually firm and of force to the Repentant So also Baptism being once received confirmeth and assureth the Repentant all their life time of remission of sins and therefore it ought not to be reiterated nor deferred neither yet are all those who are Baptized with water whether they be of understanding or Infants partakers of the Grace of Christ for the everlasting Election of God and his Calling into the Kingdom of Christ is free And as for the wickedness of the Minister Baptizing it makes not the Baptism void or of no effect and force unto them so Baptized so that it be administred into the Promise and Faith of Christ and therefore also the true Church doth not Baptize them who have been Baptized of Hereticks but onely must inform and instruct them with true Doctrine concerning Christ and Baptism Lastly touching the use of Godfathers and Godmothers it is not at all necessary nor by God required to the Sacrament of Baptism for Christ hath not in any of his Institutions so much as intimated the use of such Sureties and the whole Congregation are witnesses of the childes admission into the Church the Parents being bound to perform what is required for the childes education The words used in Baptism signifie 1. That Baptism was instituted by the Commandment and Authority of the three Persons in the Godhead 2. That these three Persons confirm unto us by their own testification that they receive us into favor and perform that unto us which is signified by Baptism which is Salvation if we believe and be Baptized 3. That he which is Baptized is bound to the knowledge faith worship trust honor and invocation of this true God who is the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost Baptism comprehendeth 1. The Sign which is water 2. The Ceremony as the sprinkling of water 3. The things themselves which are 1. The sprinkling of the Blood of Christ and the imputation of his Righteousness 2. The mortification of the old man and putting on of the new 3. The quickning of the new man into a certain hope of the Resurrection to come by Christ 4. The Sign which not onely signifieth but also confirmeth 5. The Sign which hath that authority and power of confirming from the Commandment of God That Baptism testifies and confirms the will of God touching his bestowing Salvation on us may appear thus 1. Because we are Baptized in the Name of the Father of the Son and of the Holy Ghost that is we are assigned deputed and claimed to be his own 2. Because God hath promised Salvation to him who shall believe and shall be Baptized 3. By several Testimonies of Scripture as Acts 22.16 Mark 16.16 Rom. 6.3 Tit. 3.5 1 Pet. 3.21 The use of Baptism is twofold 1. It serves to be a Pledge or Token of Gods favor towards us 2. It serves to be a notable means of our death unto sin Baptism is a Pledge of Gods favor to us principally three ways 1. It sealeth to us the free pardon and forgiveness of our sins Acts 2.38 2. It is a Pledge of the vertue of Christs death Rom. 6.3 4. 3. It is a Pledge unto us of the life of Christ and of our fellowship with him Baptism is also a means of our death unto sin three ways 1. By putting us in minde of mortifying the flesh and crucifying our own corruptions 2. It causeth us to dedicate our selves wholly unto God in Christ 3. It causeth us to labor to keep and maintain peace and unity with all men but especially with Gods people To be Baptized into the death of Christ is 1. To be partakers of Christs death no otherwise then if our selves were dead 2. To dye also our selves which is to mortifie the lusts of our flesh This mortification God promiseth us in Baptism and bindeth us unto it Baptism is a means of our sanctifying and cleansing in these respects viz. 1. In that it doth most lively represent and set forth even to the outward senses the inward cleansing of our soul by the Blood of Christ and sanctifying us by the
Spirit of Christ 2. In that it doth truly propound or offer the Grace of Justification and Sanctification to the party Baptized whence it is described to be the Baptism of Repentance for remission of sins Luke 3.3 3. In that it doth really exhibite and seal up to the Conscience of him that is Baptized the said Graces whereby he is assured that he is made partaker thereof Thus was Circumcision to Abraham Rom. 4.11 4. In that it is a particular and peculiar Pledge to the party Baptized that even he himself is made partaker of the said Graces therefore every one in particular is Baptized for himself By the Sacramental Rite of sprinkling in Baptism are signified two things 1. That our souls are sprinkled with the blood of Christ that is be indeed partakers of the Merit of his death by the which we obtain full forgiveness of sin 2. That we are regenerated into a new life therefore is Baptism called by Paul the laver of regeneration The washing in Baptism is of two sorts Mark 1.4 1. The washing of blood when we are washed by the blood of Christ which is the Remission of sins for the bloodshed of Christ 2. The washing of the Spirit when we are washed by Christs Spirit which is our renewing by the Holy Ghost that is The changing of evil inclinations into good and also to have in our will a heart a desire and endeavor to obey God which although not perfect in this life yet the beginning thereof is here in all the godly Observe principally and that always these two things in Baptism viz. 1. That it be rightly done wherein are required Some things as necessary Some things only as expedient 2. That it be seasonably done not carelesly posted over nor unnecessarily deferred The things necessary in the right performance of Baptism are these especially 1. That the childe be baptized by a Minister of the Word Matth. 28.19 2. That it be baptized with the Element of water the onely Element sanctified to this purpose John 3.5 3. That the form prescribed by Christ Matth. 28.19 be exactly used whereby the unity of the Godhead and Trinity of Persons is plainly set forth 4. That the proper Rite be used of applying the water to the body of the childe so as at least the face of the childe be sprinkled therewith The things expedient in the right performance of Baptism 1. That the childe be Baptized in a publike place where Gods people ordinarily meet together being set apart for the worship and service of God 2. That such a time be chosen out as an Assembly of Saints may be there present because Baptism is one of the solemn parts of Gods publike worship a pledge of our incorporation into the body of Christ and communion of his Saints Parents ought to make choyce of their childrens Names Gen. 17.19 Mat. 1.21 Luke 1.21 which are to be given them at their Baptism for these Reasons 1. That their Names may be a Testimony of their Baptism 2. That so oft as they hear their Names they may be put in minde of their Baptism 3. That they may know how by Name they are given to Christ to be his Soldiers and therefore there must be no starting from him 4. That they may be assured that being Baptized with water and the Spirit by Name they are Registred in Heaven Directions for choyce of Names in Baptism fit and beseeming Christians 1. Such as have some good signification and warranted by the Scripture as John The grace of God Jonathan The gift of God Andrew Manly Simeon Obedient Hannah Gracious c. 2. Such as have in times before mentioned in Scripture been given to persons of good note whose life is worthy our imitation 3. Names of our own Ancestors and Predecessors to preserve a memory of the family Luke 1.59 c. 4. Usual Names of the Countrey which custom hath made familiar so as they give not offence through any unfit signification thereof The right and lawful use of Baptism is 1. When the Ceremonies or Rites instituted by Christ in Baptism are not changed Away then with Popish Oyl Spittle Cross Exorcism or Conjuration 2. When Baptism is given to them and them onely for whom it was instituted which are all the converted or members of the Church 3. When Baptism is used to that end for which it was instituted not for the healing of Cattel Christning of Bells Ships or the like It is necessary that the Word be alway joyned with this Sacrament of Baptism for these Reasons 1. A Sacrament without the Word is but an idle Ceremony no more then a Seal without the Covenant for it is the Word that maketh known the Covenant of God 2. It is the Word which maketh the greatest difference betwixt the Sacramental washing and ordinary common washing 3. By the Word the ordinary creatures which we use are sanctified 1 Tim. 4.5 much more the holy Ordinances of God whereof Baptism is one of the principal besides the Word openeth the nature efficacy end and use thereof plainly declaring the Covenant of God sealed up thereby The common errors and corrupt practice of men touching Baptism 1. The corrupt opinion of Anabaptists who deny the lawfulness of Baptizing Infants 2. When Parents regard not by whom their children are Baptized whether Hereticks Idolaters Laicks or Women 3. When children are unhappily CROSSED in Baptism by missing of Christs institution 4. When upon niceness or state the Parents private house must be preferred before the place of Gods publike worship and the childe must be Baptized at home rather then in the Congregation 5. When the childe is brought to be Baptized accompanied onely with the Midwife and three Witnesses as if the walls of the Church added to the honor of the Sacrament 6. When upon state or any by-respects this Sacrament is deferred longer then is meet 7. When Heathenish Idolatrous or ridiculous names are given to children The Anabaptists wrongfully deny Baptism to Infants born in the Church for these Reasons 1. The Grace of God is universal to all the faithful and therefore the Sign or Seal of Grace is universal and belongeth unto all as well yong as old 2. Baptism is unto us as Circumcision was unto the Jews but the Infants were Circumcised therefore the children of Christians are to be Baptized 3. Children belong unto the Kingdom of Heaven Mat. 19.14 and are in the Covenant therefore the Sign of the Covenant is not to be denyed them 4. Christ gave in commandment that all should be Baptized Mat. 28.10 Therefore c. 5. Christ hath shed his blood as well for the washing away the sins of children as of the elder sort therefore it is very necessary that they should be partakers of the Sacrament thereof Again children may and ought to be baptized in their infancy for these Reasons some whereof are the same others border on the former viz. 1. Gods Commandment concerning circumcising children in room whereof
Baptism succeeds Col. 2.11 12. 2. The Jews practice in a faithful observance of this Ordinance as of Abraham Zachary Elizabeth Joseph and Mary 3. The practice of the Christians who believing were themselves and their whole houshold Baptized Acts 16.15 33. under which whole houshold children might probably be comprised 4. Christ embracing and blessing such children as were brought to him and rebuking those that would have kept them from him Mat. 19.13 5. Gods promise made to them Gen. 17.7 Acts 2.39 as the seal for confirmation whereof God offereth Baptism 6. The right they have to Gods Kingdom Mat. 19.14 Baptism is an evidence of that their right 7. The constant continued custom of the true Catholick Church which ever since the Apostles time hath afforded the Sacrament of Baptism to children Touching the necessity of Baptisms we must know that things are said to be necessary two ways 1. Absolutely so as the thing cannot possibly be without it thus Baptism is not absolutely necessary as a cause for then should it be equal to Gods Covenant Christs Blood and the work of the Spirit 2. By consequence so as according to that course and order which God hath set down things may not well be without them Thus Baptism is by consequence and that in a double respect 1. In regard of Gods Ordinance 2. In regard of our need thereof by reason of our dulness in conceiving things Spiritual of our weakness in believing things invisible To this Sacrament of Baptism the Papists attribute too much making it a plain Idol by their opinion 1. Of the necessity thereof in such degree as that they hold if any dye unbaptized he cannot be saved 2. Of the efficacy thereof in such degree as they hold it giveth grace by the work it self thereby equalling it to the very blood of Christ taking away the peculiar work of the Spirit and the use of the grace thereby The differences of Circumcision and Baptism viz. 1. In Rites for the same are not the Rites of Circumcision and Baptism 2. Circumcision promised grace for the Messias to come Baptism for the Messias exhibited 3. Circumcision had a promise of a corporal benefit a testimony that God would give a certain place for the Church in the Land of Canaan until the coming of the Messias Baptism hath no promise in particular of any temporal benefit other then what flows from the influence of a a general promise made to godliness 1 Tim. 4.8 4. Circumcision did binde to the observing of the whole Law Ceremonial Judicial and Moral Baptism bindeth us onely to faith and amendment of life that is to observe onely the Moral Law 5. Circumcision was instituted for the Israelites Baptism was instituted for all Nations that are desirous and willing to come unto the society of the Church 6. Circumcision was to continue until the coming of the Messias Baptism shall continue until the end of the world Baptism and Circumcision agree thus 1. In the chief and principal end whereas in both is sealed the Promise of Grace by Christ which is always one and the same 2. By both of them is wrought our receiving into the Church 3. By both is signified Regeneration ye are circumcised in Christ with Circumcision made without hands For as Circumcision in the old Law was a token how the corrupt and carnal affections of the minde should be subdued and that the Lord required not so much an outward of the body as an inward circumcision of the heart Deut. 18.16 30. Acts 7.51 So Baptism telleth us that being once dead unto sin we are to live unto righteousness that all we that have been Baptized unto Jesus Christ have been Baptized unto his death c. and must walk in newness of life c. Rom. 6.3 For we have put on Christ by Baptism Gal. 3.26 The Reasons why Christ was circumcised 1. That he might signifie that he was also a member of that circumcised people 2. That he might shew that he received and took our sins on himself that he might satisfie for them 3. That he might testifie that he did entirely and fully fulfil the Law on our behalf 4. The circumcision of Christ was a part also of his humiliation and suffering Reasons why circumcision is abolished viz. 1. Because the thing signified which was the Messias is exhibited 2. Because circumcision was instituted for the severing of the Jews from all other Nations but now the Church that difference being abolished is collected and gathered out of all Nations The chief and proper ends of the institution of Baptism viz. 1. That it should be a mark whereby the Church may be discerned from all other Nations and Sects which is as it were gathered by the Word and Baptism 2. To be a confirmation of our faith that is a testification that Christ washeth us with his blood that he bestoweth on us Remission of sins Justification and Regeneration or To be the sealing of God and also the sealing or obsignation of the Promise of Grace and a testimony of Gods will that he giveth us these gifts at this present and will give them ever henceforward 3. To be a testification of our duty towards God and a binding of us and the Church to the knowledge and worship of God into whose Name we are Baptized we binde our selves in Baptism to thankfulness namely to Faith that is to receive the promised benefits with faith and then withal unto repentance and amendment of life 4. To be a signification or an advertisement unto us of the Cross and of the preservation of the Church therein and deliverance thereof from it Mat. 20.22 In regard whereof Baptism is compared unto the flood for as in that general Deluge some were shut into the Ark the rest of mankinde perishing so in the Church they who cleave unto Christ although they be pressed with calamities yet at length in their appointed time they are delivered 5. To signifie the unity of the Church for Baptism is a binding of the members of the Church among themselves to mutual love because when it severeth and distinguisheth the members of the Church from others it doth also joyn and unite them among themselves 6. To be a Token and Symbole of our receiving and entrance into the Church Hither appertain all those places in Scripture in which those who were become Christians are said to have been presently Baptized 7. To be a means of preserving and propagating the Doctrine of the free Promise through the death of Christ that the Baptized may have occasion to teach and learn who is the Author and what is the meaning or signification of Baptism The Type of Baptism was Noahs Ark born up by the waters wherein the Church which then was in Noahs family was saved 1 Pet. 3.21 And though Baptism be a mark of the true Church yet may not the Papists thereby challenge theirs to be the true Church for Baptism severed from the true preaching of the
come hereunto as unto mystical meat not as to carnal 3. We must feed on Christ by faith as verily as we eat the visible Signs with our bodily mouthes 4. There must be an Annunciation of the death of Christ that is a shewing forth of the Lords death 1 Cor. 11.26 This duty of shewing forth the Lords death is twofold 1. Partly inward consisting in the inward application and godly meditation of 1. The wrath justice of God against sin 2. The greatness of sin which nothing could do away but Christs death 3. The mercy and love of Christ in dying for us 2. Partly outward in outward celebration and publike declaration Rom. 10.10 After we have received the Lords Supper we must labor 1. To feel in our selves the hatred death of sin and the entrance of grace 2. To perform that in our life following which we promised in our preparation 3. To meditate where we have and what we have done which seals a blessing or a curse 4. To think every day of the mercy of Christ and daily to render thanks and praise for it which thanksgiving must not be onely in words but in every action of our life Psalms proper for thanksgiving are the 8 23 66 103. 5. To express our charity by Alms-giving to the Poor 6. To use all care and caution not to fall into our old sins lest the latter end be worse then the beginning and that not onely for the present but ever after we renew our faith and repentance Praise and thanksgiving is required as necessary and as a special duty to God when we have tasted of his bounty and loving kindeness and especially for Spiritual blessings 1. Because it is the will and pleasure of God who is so good unto us as to require it of us who can give him nothing else and this reason the Apostle gives 1 Thess 5.17 18. 2. Because of all Sacrifices this of praise and thanksgiving is the chief and principal as well in respect of the enduring and continuance of it as in respect of the use and end of it It was in Paradice before the Fall it was before the Flood it was before the Law under the Law under the Gospel and shall continue for ever It is performed of Men and Angels in heaven and earth it shall never end no not when other exercises of our Religion shall cease Rev. 5.13 11.17 3. Because it is not onely the end of the other works of Religion but also the end of the works of God It is the end of our Election Eph. 1.5 6. of our Creation Prov. 16.4 of our Redemption Luke 1.68 74 75. Eph. 1.3 7. of our Justification 1 Cor. 1.31 It is the end of our Sanctification of our Salvation and of our Glorification to give all praise all power all honor and glory to him that sitteth upon the Throne and to the Lamb for evermore 4. The worthiness and excellency of this exercise is manifestly proved by the unwillingness and untowardness of our corrupt Nature to perform it we are ready enough to pray for the gift not so ready to praise the giver fervent in asking cold in thanksgiving The impediments to be removed and the means to be used that we may rightly discern the Lords body in receiving it are these viz. 1. Carnal and natural weakness in the minde The Remedies whereof 1. Endeavor to get out of our natural state of life 2. Earnest endeavor for the Spirit of God 3. Frequent and fervent Prayer 2. Ignorance the Remedies whereof are 1. A serious consideration of Gods Judgements against it 2 Thess 1.8 2. To search the Scriptures to be conversant therein 3. To have recourse to godly Ministers 3. Hardness of heart the Remedies whereof are 1. To avoid the occasions as custom in sin carnal security contempt of the word and the like 2. To let the word have admittance to us to enter and take place in us 3. We must pray unto Almighty God to soften our hearts 4. We must take heed of the slights of Satan and of the deceitfulness of sin betimes 4. An unregenerate Will the Remedies whereof are 1. To deny renounce our selves with all we have 2. To call often upon God with fervency to guide us by his Spirit as we may be able to resist our lusts 5. We must shake off the custom of sinning the sin of unbelief and impenitency carnal wisdom presumption of our own knowledge pride and vain-glory forgetfulness of God and his word and such like If therefore we would come worthily to the Supper of the Lord 1. We must as hath been said try our selves by the Law of God whereby cometh the knowledge of sin Rom. 3.20 7.7 2. We must labor to understand and believe the common corruption of all mankinde standing partly in Original sin and partly in the fruits thereof Rom. 3.9 3. We must feel the curse of everlasting death due to us Gal. 3.10 4. We must learn what Covenant God hath made with us touching Grace and Mercy that we may be raised up to comfort in the Son of God our Redeemer 5. We must fervently desire to be made partakers of the Lords Supper and feel how much we stand in need of it 6. We must consider the correspondent proportion between the Signs and the thing signified Unworthiness in receiving the Lords Supper is twofold viz. 1. Of an evil Conscience as when a man lives in any sin against his conscience Take heed of this for it is proper to the Reprobate 2. Of infirmity as when a man truly repents and believes and makes conscience of every good duty but yet sees and feels wants in them all and in regard whereof himself unfit for the Supper but this may not justly hinder from coming to this Sacrament So that there are two sorts of men who receive unworthily viz. 1. Those that are not yet in Christ 2. Those that are within the Covenant but yet come remissly and negligently The wicked receive in the Lords Supper 1. The bare Signs onely as bread and wine 2. Those Signs to their condemnation or they eat their own condemnation that is through incredulity and abusing of the Sacrament to be abalienated and repelled from Christ and all his benefits and so to draw upon themselves temporal and everlasting punishments except they repent The wicked in the use of the Sacrament receive nothing beside their own condemnation but the bare Signs onely and that for these Reasons 1. Because the benefits of Christ are received onely in the right use of the Sacrament 2. Unto whom nothing is promised in the word to him the Sacraments seal nothing 3. Spiritual things are received by faith which the wicked have not 4. To be wicked and to receive the Sacrament truly and intirely implieth a contradiction The causes for which the wicked are said to eat unto themselves damnation viz. 1. Because they prophane the Signs and consequently the thing signified by
are the main instruments of other sins Prov. 23.33 3. That all civil Nations have detested these sins that we are unfit to keep any secret and become a scorn to the sober Gen. 9.22 4. That since Christ tasted gall and vinegar for us why should not we abstain from surfetting and drunkenness for him Remedies against Temptations to Despair of Gods mercy viz. 1. We must meditate That we were by Baptism received into the Church and it hath been to us the laver of Regeneration Tit. 3.5 2. That we once heard and believed the word and therefore we shall stand ever by this faith 2 Cor. 1.24 3. That our Election is in Gods keeping and therefore Satan can never steal it away Eph. 1.4 for that the calling of God is without Repentance and whom he loveth he loveth to the end Rom. 11.29 Joh. 13.1 4. That we know by our love of the brethren that we are translated from death to life 1 Joh. 3.14 That we desire to believe in Christ and to run the ways of his Commandments Mark 9.24 5. That we hate sin with an unfeigned hatred 1 Joh. 3.9 and that we are sorry that we can be no more sorry for our sins which to us is an argument of faith 2 Cor. 7.10 6. That Christs Merits are far greater then our sins and he is the propitiation for our sins Joh. 1.29 7. That though the righteous fall yet he shall rise again for God supporteth him with his hand Psal 37.24 8. That the Spirit doth though very weakly witness to my Spirit that I am the childe of God Rom. 8.16 Remedies against Temptations to presume of Gods mercy 1. We must meditate That God bids us not be high-minded Rom. 11.20 and that Security destroyeth more then any Sin Luke 17.26 2. That he is blessed who feareth always Prov. 28.14 and that we must work out our Salvation with fear and trembling Phil. 2.12 3. That as God is a God of Mercy so is he also a God of Justice Deut. 9.20 4. That the more I presume the more subject I am to fall Luke 22.33 34. and Satans main weapon to vanquish me is this That God is merciful Rom. 6.15 5. That the longer we continue in sins the more hardly may we leave them 2 Sam. 3.16 6. That even David prayed to be kept from Sins of presumption Psal 19.13 In praying that God will deliver us from evil we desire 1. That he would send no evil on us but deliver us from all evils present and to come both of crime and pain 2. That if he send on us any evils that he would mitigate them in this life and turn them to our salvation that they may be good and profitable unto us 3. That he will at length in the life to come fully and perfectly deliver us and wipe away every tear from our eyes By Evil is not meant Satan onely for it comprehendeth all our Spiritual Enemies and that for these Reasons 1. The Title Evil is not onely given to Satan but to Sin also Rom. 12.9 and to the World 1 Joh. 5.19 and to the Flesh that is the corruption of our Nature for that is the evil treasure of the heart Mat. 12.35 2. That advantage which the Devil hath against us is by the World the Flesh and Sin as his Agents and Instruments in Temptation against us and therefore with that evil one the Devil Sin the World and the Flesh must be understood That which we pray for we must endeavor to practice and therefore our special care must be 1. To resist the Devil and to keep our selves from the assaults of Satan unto Sin 2. To beware of all Satanical practices by using Charms seeking to Witches or the like as means of help in any distress This is gross hypocrisie to pray against the evils of Satan and to give our selves to the practice of them 3. Not voluntarily to thrust our selves into such a place as is haunted by the Devil nor to meddle with it or him without a warrant and calling from God to whom we must betake our selves by humble and earnest prayer 4. We must avoid the company of evil persons Prov. 1.10 Gen. 39.10 5. Not live in places where evil is practised though we might gain much by it 2 Cor. 6.17 6. We must take heed of evil speeches which may corrupt our selves and others Eph. 4.29 7. We must hide Gods word in our heart that we do not sin against him Psal 119.11 In these words of this Petition we pray against Satans slights policies which he exerciseth against all men but especially against Gods children for their ruine destruction They are many but these six are most dangerous policies of Satan which we are as well to watch as pray against 1. When men have many good things in them as knowledge in the mystery of Salvation beside Moral vertues then the Devil labors that concupiscence may still raign in their hearts by their living in some sin or other whereto they are naturally enclined 2. When Satan cannot procure some strong Corruption to raign in the childe of God then he labors to get him to commit some offence or sin whereby the Name of God may be dishonored his Profession disgraced his Conscience wounded and Gods children offended 3. When the childe of God is faln into any sin then the Devil labors to to cast him asleep therein that he may lye in it without remorse and so never repent 4. When the Lord vouchsafeth to men the means of Salvation then Satan labors to make the same void and of no effect that so they may not onely miss of Salvation but be condemned the more deeply for the neglect and contempt of the means 5. When he cannot work his will inwardly in their souls as he desires then he essays to do them mischief by some outward Satanical operations Thus he plagued Job 6. Satan labors to bring Gods children to some fearful and miserable end not so much for the bodily death as in regard of the inward horror and terror of Conscience for the extremity of his power and malice at a mans last gasp he hopes will be most powerful and if he be not restrained he will endeavor to make him dye in presumption or despair How many ways God is said to deliver us from evil viz. 1. By preserving us from committing sin Gen. 20.6 and by freeing us from Judgements due unto sin 2 Sam. 12.13 2. By keeping us from the hurt of sin and afflictions Psal 91.13 and by turning all those sins which we commit and the afflictions which we sustain to our good Psal 51.1 119.67 71. 3. By bridling Satan that he cannot subdue us Rom. 16.20 4. By giving us his holy Spirit that by a lively faith we overcome all evil Rom. 8.2 5. By no means Mat. 4.2 by small means 2 Kings 4.3 by ordinary means Josh 5.12 by extraordinary means 2 Kings 6.16 contrary to all means Dan. 3.25 6. By
Christ Jesus who overcame the World by obeying the Flesh by suffering and the Devil by triumphing over him in his Cross Joh. 16.33 1 Pet. 4.1 Col. 2.15 The wants we bewail in this Petition viz. 1. The Rebellion of our wicked Nature by which we resist the Spirit of God Rom. 7.14 c. 2. Our readiness in each little Temptation to yield up our selves to the committing of sin Luke 22.45 46. 3. That we cannot enough mourn for the remnants of our bondage whereby we are kept in the power of Satan 4. That so many fall by Satans Temptations Psal 119.136 5. That we cannot here get mastery over our own Corruptions 2 Cor. 12.8 6. That we love so this Spiritual Sodom in which we are subject to and fall by Temptation Gen. 19.16 7. The Tyranny of Satan our Adversary going about each way to subdue us Mat. 9.12 This Petition being negative the Deprecation thereof is first to be considered which is 1. Against Temptation as it may be a means to draw men from God to sin 2 Cor. 12.7 8. 2. Against Afflictions as they are punishments of sin Curses from God motives to impatience or means to make us take Gods Name in vain Prov. 30.9 Against grievous afflictions long continuing to make us despair of Gods Mercy or hearing our prayers 3. Against Spiritual desertion or forsaking of Gods Spirit which if gone all power to stand and all Spiritual comfort is gone also for it is in us the new life the Spirit of the soul 4. Against Solicitations to sin either by the Devil the World or the Flesh 5. Against Sin even when we are most solicited and tempted because we shall meet with temptations yet that we may not be overcome and made slaves unto Sin 6. Against future relapse into Sin blindeness of minde hardness of heart through custom in sinning or through some notorious sins committed 7. Against backsliding from the Truth either in part or in whole all sorts of Judgements temporal or eternal and what hurt soever may befal either by prosperity or adversity 8. Against sudden death that we may not be prevented of Repentance for renewed trespasses and eternal death the greatest evil of punishment The Supplication of this Petition is for such things as are best for us preserving us from Sin damnation as 1. The Spirit of Grace which is threefold 1 Light of understanding of the holy Scriptures whereby we are able to use them 2. Stedfastness of faith whereby as by a shield the fiery darts of the Devil are repressed which also is of vertue to purifie the heart 3. Patience in bearing any cross or affliction whereby we are tempted at any time that in stead of sin the issue thereof may be hope Rom. 5.3 2. The helping hand of the Lord to turn evil into good unto us and this he doth 1. By Humiliation and casting us down under and for these things as Nebuchadnezzar the proudest and Saul the bloodiest Persecutor 2. By alienating and estranging our affections from the world and worldly things by affliction 3. By framing us by the Cross to a more careful obedience for the time to come Psal 119.71 4. By prevention the Lord punishing us in this world that we may escape in the world to come 1 Cor. 11.32 3. Everlasting life that God for his mercies sake in and through the meritorious satisfaction of our Savior Jesus Christ would bestow this infinite good upon us The Thanksgiving of this Petition is For that in the former things which we pray for God hath so enabled us to resist as that neither the corruption of Nature enticements of the World the policies of Satan nor present Affliction hath so subdued us but that we are able to rise again as also for good arising to us by Temptations and deliverance from the punishments by our sins deserved Since first the proud aspiring Angels fell There was no want of Policy in Hell The Devil knows by Observation The pulse of each mans Inclination The tide of all our Actions yea he knows How low our Graces ebbe how high Sin flows How the least spark of any Lusts desire Kindles the Heart and sets the Will on fire Help Lord let not the World the Flesh or Devil Prevail but still Deliver us from evil §. 11. For thine is the Kingdom the Power and the Glory for ever Amen THis Conclusion is added as a Reason of all the Petitions to strengthen our Faith that God being both able and willing doth grant all our Requests made unto him in the Name of Christ and therefore in the end we post-adde a note of Confidence and say Amen which is originally an Hebrew word yet used in all Languages It signifieth Truth or Faith the uttering of it after a Prayer implieth an Assent unto the Prayer together with carnestness of desire and Faith for the obtaining that which is prayed for Thus the people were commanded to say Amen Deut. 27.15 c. and accordingly was it practised Neh. 8.6 For thine is the kingdom that is both general over the World and special over thy Church and Chosen both thy Kingdom of Providence and of Grace And in this faith do we pray unto thee submitting our selves as thy Liege-people The Power that is The Almighty power whereby thou art able to do all things whatsoever thy people ask and beg of thee there is nothing out of thy power but we are without all power and might in our selves to help our selves therefore our eyes of Faith wait upon thy power And the Glory that is Thou shalt make thy glory shine more and more in being beneficial unto us thy Faith and Religion shall be the more esteemed and reverenced the end of all that thou dost for us shall be thine eternal praise thine is the excellency and majesty which Property rightly and onely belongs to thee thou alone having an absolute Soveraignty over all things and Power answerable to dispose and govern them at thy pleasure yea we give thee all glory in confidence of thy goodness and say Amen in token that we verily believe it shall be so with us as we crave and do with all fervency beg O Lord let it be so do thou subscribe to our desires and say So be it These words are a Reason of the former touching which we must observe two things in general 1. That they are not a Reason to move God whose will is unchangeable but to perswade the childe of God who prayeth thus that God will grant his requests 2. That this Reason is not peculiar to the last Petition but general belonging to them all The Reasons for the propping of our faith and assurance in our prayers contained in this conclusion are taken 1. From the Kingdom of God a good King delights in the welfare of his Subjects how much more doth the King of kings who is Goodness it self in the happiness of his He will hear defend and preserve his Subjects 2. From the Power
good things from him 10. That seeing the works of God were therefore created and placed before our eyes even for us to behold them we do not idlely but earnestly and as much as every mans ability occasion and vocation permitteth him contemplate and consider them and therein celebrate the wisdom power and goodness of the great Creator The Power of God is the very Essence of God it is an essential Property in God working and effecting all things in all things by determining and executing all things that he will And the Providence of God is a joynt-operation of his infinite Wisdom infinite Justice and infinite Mercy it is the Eternal most free unchangeable most just wise and good counsel of God whereby he worketh all good things and permitteth also evil things to be done and directeth all things both evil and good to his own glory and the safety of his chosen yea it is his Almighty Power every where present whereby he doth uphold and govern the world with all the creatures therein so that nothing cometh to pass by Chance Fortune or Destiny but by his Fatherly Counsel So that to believe in God the Creator is to believe that God who hath created all things and governeth them by his Providence hath created me and the faithful in the world to celebrate and serve him and all other things to serve for our safety All things are yours and you are Christs and Christ is Gods Most Holy Just Spiritual Essence All Power all Mercy all Intelligence Thou Father of our Savior Christ whereby Thou daign'st thy Faithful ones Paternity By that most Free-grace of Adoption Or New-birth of Regeneration Thou Almighty wonderful Creator Gracious Preserver most wise Governor Of the world Help my Vnbelief in me Confirm thy Faith for I believe in thee §. 3. And in Jesus Christ his onely Son our Lord. THe whole History of Christ may be comprehended in his Divinity his Humanity his Office and his Theanthropeity Christ is very God Joh. 1.1 Mat. 1.23 and very Man Gen. 3.15 Isa 7.14 God and Man and that in one person Joh. 1.14 Phil. 2.6 7 9 11. 1 Tim. 2.5 6. and the Savior of Mankinde 2 Cor. 5.18 Joh. 1.20 1 Joh. 2.2 So that in Christ are two perfect Natures whole and distinct and double Properties also and operations natural but one person subsisting in both these Natures Divine and Humane for it was requisite that one and the same should be Mediator both by Merit and by Power Now Christ as concerning his person hath but one Father and one Mother a Father as touching his Godhead a Mother as touching his Manhood the Virgin Mary of whose substance he was conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost Gal. 4.4 1 Tim. 2.5 So that though each Nature hath its property remaining distinct to it self yet are they so joyned as they make but one person in Christ who was whole God and whole Man whole God also with his body but not according to his body God whole Man also with his Godhead but not according to his Godhead Man So also whole Adorable with his body but not according to his body Adorable whole Increate also with his body but not according to his body Increated whole Formed also with his Godhead but not according to his Godhead Formed whole Consubstantial with God also with his body but not according to his body Consubstantial as neither also is he according to his Godhead Coessential with men but he is according to the Flesh Consubstantial unto us existing also in his Godhead For when we say he is according to the Spirit Consubstantial with God we may not say he is according to the Spirit Coessential with men And contrarily when we affirm him to be according to the Flesh Consubstantial with men we may not affirm him to be according to the Flesh Consubstantial with God The distinction and unconfoundableness of the Nature and Properties of the Word and the Flesh must thus exactly not with a running eye but warily be observed that we may avoid the bringing in of a Division of one most undivided person Touching Christ in the Creed we learn to believe these two things 1. His Humiliation whereof there be three degrees 1. His Incarnation not by turning the Godhead into the Nature of Man but by taking Mans Nature to the Godhead that so one person might be both God and Man 2. His Suffering death on the cross for our sins 3. His Descension into Hell that we might be delivered from Hell and everlasting death 2. His Exaltation whereof there are also three degrees 1. His Resurrection from death to life and his Ascension 2. His Honor Power and Authority in Heaven and Earth together with God the Father by sitting at his right hand 3. His coming at the end of the World to judge all that shall then be found alive and all that have dyed since the world began Christ 1. In respect of his Divinity is the Image not of himself neither of the Holy Ghost but of his eternal Father coeternal consubstantial and coequal with his Father in Essence in essential properties and works and is that person by which the Father doth immediately reveal himself in creating and preserving all things but chiefly in saving the Elect. 2. In his Humane Nature he is the Image of God and that of the whole Trinity because the three Persons together bestowed on Christs Humanity these gifts Properties and Majesty which are the Image of God To believe in Jesus is to believe 1. That he is the Savior of Mankinde 2. That the Son of God born of the Virgin Mary is this Jesus the Savior whom God will have us acknowledge hearken unto and worship Mat. 1.12 3. That he alone doth fully and perfectly deliver us from the evils of crime and pain 4. That he is not onely the Savior of other the chosen of God but mine also 5. That he is not our Savior by his Merit onely but also by his efficacy and effectual working Christ is called The first-born in four respects viz. 1. According to his Divine Nature being begotten of the Father before all creatures and of the same substance with him Coloss 1.15 Rom. 8.29 2. According to his Humane Nature even as he took upon him our flesh and was born of the Virgin Mary so he was also her first born Mat. 1.25 Luke 2.15 Not that the blessed Virgin had other after him but because she had none before him 3. Because he was the first that rose out of the grave and made a way for us unto everlasting life therefore he is called The first-born from the dead Col. 1.18 4. As the first-born was set apart and then sacrificed unto God so Christ was seperated from sinners Heb. 7.26 as the unspotted Lamb of God holy and acceptable and then made a perfect oblation of himself not for himself but for the sins of his people Heb. 7.27 Christ is said to be our Lord in
ceremonial Worship had a respect and were referred unto Christ as the Sacrifices Immolations Altars Temple yea the Kingdom also and the Kings were a Type of the Kingdom of Christ Christ our Mediator is said to be man perfectly just fulfilling the Law four ways 1. By his own Righteousness performing such perfect obedience as the Law required 2. By paying sufficient punishment for our sins 3. By fulfilling the Law in us by his Spirit when he regenerateth us by it 4. By teaching it and by purging it of errors and corruptions Why Intercession for us to the Father is proper onely to the Son 1. Because himself living on earth in the time of his flesh was made a Suppliant and a Sacrifice for us unto the Father 2. Because he earnestly will according to both Natures that the Father for his Sacrifice once accomplished on the Cross remit unto us our sins and restore unto us righteousness and life 3. That the Father looking upon the Sacrifice and will of his onely begotten Son receiveth all Believers into his grace and favor Christ our Mediator is a Reconciler of God and men Now to Reconcile signifieth 1. To make Intercession or intreaty for him who offendeth unto him who is offended 2. To make Satisfaction for the injury offered 3. To promise and to bring to pass that the party who hath offended offend no more for except this be brought to pass and effectuated the fruit of the Intercession is lost 4. To bring them to an Atonement and Agreement who were before at enmity The Office of a Mediator being to deal with both parties both the offended the offender with God the party offended our Mediator had necessarily to do these things viz. 1. To make Intercession for us and to crave pardon of him for our faults 2. To offer himself for to satisfie 3. To satisfie indeed the Justice of God by suffering for our sins punishment sufficient though Temporal 4. To crave and obtain of God that he would accept of this satisfaction as a price of sufficient worthiness for which he would account us children pardoning our sins 5. To be our Surety that at length we will leave off to offend him by our sins without this Suretiship Intercession findeth no place with men much less with God With us the parties offending our Mediator doth these things 1. He is the Messenger or Ambassador of God the Father to us to shew or open this Decree of the Father That he doth present himself to make satisfaction for us and that God will for this satisfaction pardon us and receive us into favor 2. He doth perform this satisfaction by pouring out of his own blood 3. He doth impute and apply that satisfaction unto us 4. He doth cause us by giving his holy Spirit unto us to acknowledge this so great a benefit and to embrace and not reject it 5. He doth by the same Spirit cause us to leave off to sin and begin to be conformable to Gods Law that is he doth regenerate us and restore the lost Image of God in us 6. He preserves maintains and shields us in this Reconcilement against the Devil and all our Enemies yea against our own selves lest we revolt again 7. He glorifies us being risen again from the dead and so perfects our Salvation It was necessary that our Mediator should be true Man for these Reasons 1. Because it was Man that sinned 2. That he might suffer death 3. That he might help and relieve our infirmities 4. That he might be our Brother and our Head and we his Members Heb. 2.14 5. Because of Gods Justice and Truth It was requisite that our Mediator should be true God for these Reasons 1. That he might be able to sustain the infinite wrath of God or grievousness of punishment which should be temporal yet equivalent to eternal pains 2. That his punishment might be a sufficient and full worthy Merit and Ransom for the purging of the sins even of the whole world and for the repairing of that righteousness and glory which they had lost 3. That he may restore by his forcible operation and power the Image of God in us 4. That he should make known unto us the Secret Will of God concerning the receiving of Mankinde again into favor Job 1.18 5. That he might give the Holy Ghost by whom he might bestow on us maintain and perfect in us the Benefits purchased by his death as Remission of Sins Righteousness New-obedience and life everlasting Joh. 15.26 Meer man or any creatures could not have wrought out our delivery for these Reasons 1. Because the Justice of God doth not punish in other creatures that which man hath committed 2. No creature could sustain temporal punishment equivalent to eternal 3. He who is himself defiled with sin cannot satisfie for others 4. Because the punishment of a meer creature would not be a price of sufficient worthiness and value for our delivery 5. Because the delivery of man is wrought after a sort also by Regeneration The Benefits of the Mediator viz. 1. Our wisdom 1. Because he is the matter or subject of our wisdom 1 Cor. 2.2 2. Because he is the Cause or Author of it and that three ways 1. Because he hath brought out of the Bosom of the Father the Doctrine of our Redemption 2. Because he hath ordained and doth preserve the Ministery of the Word 3. Because he is forcible and effectual in the hearts of the chosen making them yield their assent to the Word or Doctrine 2. Our Righteousness that is our Justifier for in him our Righteousness is as in the subject 3. Our Sanctification because he doth Regenerate us by his holy Spirit 4. Our Redemption because he finally delivereth us The Theanthropeity of Jesus is of this fourfold use viz. 1. That as often as this Name comes in our mindes we may think our selves without Jesus to be a people utterly lost 2. That we may be admonished to seek Salvation from him alone for Jesus is the onely Son of God 3. That we may oppose this Name to Despair to the greatness of sin to our own unworthiness and to the power of the Devil 4. That we may know that in this Name is compendiously contained the whole Gospel The duties to be performed by us to shew our faith in Jesus Christ 1. A thankful admiration of this unspeakable favor of God in giving Christ unto us 2. An humbling of our selves to seek the good one of another as Christ did for ours 3. To be lifted up in heart to heaven where our Nature sits at the right hand of God 4. To yield all due reverence to this Lord and gracious Jesus of ours There is but one Mediator 1 Tim. 2.6 and the Reason is Because the Son onely is Mediator and can perform the Office of the Mediator and there is but one onely natural Son of God therefore the Papists will one day sadly finde themselves mistaken And this Christ
3. That we might be advertised of the fulfilling of the Prophesie Gen. 49.10 The Scepter shall not depart from Judah c. 4. For that his innocency might appear he was not to be privily taken away by the Jews nor to be drawn to death by tumult or disorderly In the sufferings Death Passion of Christ these things are specially to be considered 1. The History it self of Christs Passion agreeing with Gods Sacred Oracles and Prophesies 2. The cause of his Sufferings 3. The fruit or effects of Christs Passion 4. His example that we are also to enter into eternal life and heavenly glory by death as did Christ 5. The due Meditation in the whole The History of Christs passion runs thus 1. They apprehend him as they would a Varlet that had done some outrage coming unto him with swords and staves in the night time 2. They carry him first to one High Priest then to another then to Pilate then to Herod and back again to Pilate amongst whom he is mocked laughed at scornfully intreated and buffeted questioned withal spitted on and crowned with Thorns 3. They compel him to carry his heavy Cross till he nigh fainted under the burthen being without all pity and compassion towards him 4. Though they could not charge him justly with any fault at all worthy the least punishment insomuch as Pilate that Heathen Judge would have acquitted him yet they cryed out Crucifie him Crucifie him and had rather one Barabbas a Traytor and a Murtherer should be released then he 5. They hung him up between two Thieves the most harmless and innocent man in the world is numbred amongst the wicked and evil doers 6. Not content to pierce his hands and feet with nails by fastning him to the Cross but like hard-hearted wretches they gave him vinegar mingled with gall to drink in his great heat and thirst and upbraided him with scoffs when he was on departure 7. Not astonished at the wonderful darkness The renting of the Temples vail The opening of Graves The coming forth of the Dead their malice expired not with him but even after he was dead they pierced him with a spear even to the heart Joh. 19.34 In the cause of Christs Death and Passion consider these four 1. The object moving that is Mans Misery and the Devils Tyranny 2. The efficient cause 1. Impellent Internal being the love of God towards his creatures 2. The Obedient which was the very Son of God obedient to his Father 3. The Instrumental as the Devil the Scribes Pharisees and the rest 3. The Formal cause being the Passion it self historized by the Evangelists 4. The Final cause 1. That God might be glorified for his Justice and Mercy 2. That Salvation might be purchased for Man who was lost by reason of sin 3. That Christ might destroy the works of the Devil 1 Joh. 3. The fruit or effect of Christs Death is twofold 1. General Christ by his Passion conquered The Devil whom he hath bound Hell which he hath spoiled Death which he overcame The World which he despised The Punishment which he hath suffered Heaven which he hath opened 2. Special 1. Obedience is performed to God 2. The Devil is vanquished 3. Man is freed from sin and justified 4. An Equalification of Jew and Gentile 5. Death is disannulled The Meditation of our Saviors Passion consists chiefly in these six particulars viz. 1. How great was the Wrath of God for sin which could not be appeased but by the death of his onely begotten Son 2. How infinite was the Mercy of God the Father who would rather his Son should undergo the most ignominious death then that Man his creature should perish 3. How unconceiveable was the Love of the Son of God who for Mans sake took upon himself the wrath of his Father 4. We must apply the Merit of Christs Passion to our selves by faith his Obedience being made our Righteousness whereby through faith we appear to God not as sinners but justified 5. What the Lot of the Righteous is in this world who must suffer with him that they may be glorified with him Rom. 6. 6. That our future life may be formed into a better mould Rom. 6. being dead unto sin by the power and efficacy of his death The Reasons why Christ suffered so ignominious a death 1. That we might know the curse due for our sins to have layen upon him and so should be stirred up to the greater thankfulness considering how detestable a thing sin is that it should call for so ignominious a death 2. That it might be an exasperating of the punishment and so we so much the more confirmed in a true faith 3. That the Truth might answer to the Types and Figures and so we might know that they are all fulfilled in Christ The causes of Christs Burial viz. 1. That we might know that he was dead indeed 2. That the last part of his Humiliation whereby he did debase himself for our sakes might be accomplished 3. A certain Type was thereby to be fulfilled it was foretold by the Type of Jonas 4. He would be Buried that we might not be afraid of the grave but might know that our Head Christ Jesus had laid open the way unto us by Death and the Grave to celestial Glory 5. That we might know how we are indeed delivered from death for in his Death a testimony and record whereof is his Burial consisteth our Salvation 6. That it might be manifest That he was able indeed to rise again and that his Resurrection was not imaginary but the real and true Resurrection of a reviving corps 7. That we being Spiritually dead that is to sin might rest from sin The duties required of us to set forth our Faith in Christ crucified are these viz. 1. Godly sorrow in bewailing our sins the onely cause of these great sufferings of our dear Savior 2. The mortification of our fleshly members and sinful concupiscences and that for three special causes 1. By continuing in sin we make our selves accessary's of Christs death 2. Because all such as unto whom Christs death is effectual to do away their sins are conformable unto him in his Death and Burial 3. Because no man following the trade of sin can be Christs Disciple 3. Patience and joy in suffering any thing for Christs sake and the Gospel and that chiefly for two causes 1. By suffering we are made like unto him Mat. 10.25 2. Because in suffering for his Truth he doth grace us forasmuch as he doth take us for his Martyrs and Witnesses 4. To remain unterrified with the pangs and approaching of death unto us because Christ in dying overcame death and took away the sting thereof 5. For this infinite love of Christ toward us to love him most earnestly again and all his members the Faithful for his sake That Christ descended into Hell all found Christians acknowledge but in the interpretation of this Article there is not that
that is he is a person equal to God in Power and Glory by whom the Father worketh immediately or to sit at Gods right hand is to raign in equal Power and Glory with the Father for Christ doth all things likewise as doth the Father and is endued with the same Power with the Father which also he exerciseth He is that person Omnipotent by which the Father governeth all things immediately but especially by which he defendeth the Church against her Enemies and this indeed is the proper meaning of Christs session at the right hand of the Father How Christ rose again 1. He rose by his own power even by his Godhead John 2.19 2. He being truly God and Man rose according to that Nature according to which he suffered Luke 24.39 3. He did rise truly and indeed so that his soul did truly and indeed return into his body 4. He rose the third day as it was foreshadowed in Jonas Why Christ rose again 1. In respect of the Prophesies which were uttered of him Psal 16.10 Mat. 17.23 2. He rose for his Fathers and his own Glory Rom. 1.4 3. For the worthiness and power of the person that rose being Author of life it self 4. In respect of the Office of the person which rose his Meadiatorship 5. He rose for us and that in three respects 1. For our Justification Rom. 4.25 2. For our Regeneration 3. For our Salvation and Glorification In the Resurrection of Christ observe these 2 things viz. 1. His victory and triumph over Death and Hell 1. He declareth himself to be very God rising again by his Divine Power 2. By his Resurrection he subjecteth to himself all things both in Heaven and Earth 3. He manifested himself to be that blessed Seed that had broken the Head of the Serpent that is had overcome the Kingdom of Satan 2. The fruit and benefit which accrews unto us by it viz. 1. Thereby we know him to be the Messias in whom the Prophesies were fulfilled 2. We are confirmed and warranted by Christs Resurrection 1. Of his Merit that he hath fully and perfectly satisfied for our sins 2. Of the application of his Benefits which could not have been bestowed if he had not risen 3. The Gift whereby we are justified he vanquished Death that he might make us partakers of that Righteousness which he had gotten us by his death 1 Cor. 15.16 Rom. 4.25 4. The Gift of the Holy Ghost by whom Christ regenerateth us and giveth us eternal life 5. The Vertue which is conveyed into all Believers enabling them to rise from sin 6. A President or Seal of newness of life we are also stirred up by his power to a new life Rom. 6.4 7. Our continued Preservation by his perpetual and applyed Righteousness 8. The Resurrection of our Head Christ is a cause and pledge unto us of our glorious Resurrection 1 Cor. 15.12 Rom. 8.11 9. The consummation and perfecting of all his benefits and the final glorifying of his Church For what causes the Resurrection of our Bodies is the fruit of Christs Resurrection 1. Because Christ is our Head and we his Members 2. Because he hath abolished our sin the cause of death 3. Because as the first Adam received blessings for all and lost them all so the second Adam received gifts for others and communicates them with us 4. Because the same Spirit dwelleth in us which is in Christ Rom. 8.11 5. Because Christ is Man for by Man came the Resurrection 1 Cor. 15.21 But here take notice That there are other causes for which the wicked shall rise again even the just Judgement of God whereby he hath appointed them to eternal pains for the same thing may have more effects and diverse causes as it relates to several respects The Duties arising from our Faith in Christ touching his Resurrection 1. To live as those that be at peace with God for as he dyed for our sins so he rose again for our Justification Rom. 5.25 and being justified by faith we have peace with God Rom. 5.1 2. To rise up to newness of life The Signs of which spiritual life are chiefly these four viz. 1. An heavenly minde Col. 3.1 2. An holy and innocent life Ephes 4.24 3. Greater joy in the Grace of God through Jesus Christ then in any thing either of pleasure or profit in this world Phil. 3.8 4. Growth and encrease in Sanctification 1 Pet. 3.18 In Christs Ascension and sitting at the right hand of the Father consider these three things viz. 1. His Command to his Apostles at his Ascension whereby the glad tidings of his Resurrection and Ascension was not to be confined within Judea 2. The Consequents thereof 1. He opened for us a way to heaven before shut up by our sins 2. Being now gone into Heaven is yet present with us even to the end of the world 3. We have au advocate with the Father 4. That now sitting at the right hand of the Father he hath so established his Kingdom as the Gates of Hell in vain oppose it 3. The Use hereof That we being conversant here upon Earth should have our conversation in Heaven whence we expect the return of our Judge Why Christ ascended viz. 1. For his own and his Fathers glory 1. For he was to have a celestial Kingdom Eph. 4.10 2. It was meet that the Head should be glorified with excellency of gifts above all the blessed as being Members of that Head 2. In respect of us 1. That he might gloriously make Intercession for us by his vertue efficacy and will 2. That we might also ascend and be assured of our Ascension John 14.2 3. That he might send the Holy Ghost and by him gather comfort and defend his Church from the Devil and all her Enemies unto the worlds end John 16.7 The benefit we receive by Christs Ascension viz. 1. He maketh Intercession to his Father in Heaven for us 1 John 2.1 2. And this his Intercession signifieth 1. The perpetual vertue and strength of Christs Sacrifice 2. Both wills in Christ both Humane and Divine propitious and favorable to us whereby he will that for his Sacrifice we be received of his Father 3. The Assent of his Father approving this his Sons will and accepting the value of of his Sacrifice as our sins Ransom 2. Our Glorification or Ascension for seeing Christ our Head is ascended we are certain that we also shall ascend into Heaven as being his Members having a sure pledge that he who is our Head will lift up us his Members John 14.2 3. He sendeth us his Spirit in stead of a pledge between him and us John 14.16 4. It is a Testimony 1. That our sins are fully pardoned us who do believe 2. That Christ is indeed Conqueror of Death Sin and the Devil 3. That we shall never be left destitute of comfort 4. That Christ will for ever defend us What the right hand of God signifieth 1. The Omnipotency or
God who as he will not be coupled with Idols so will he have his Truth severed from lyes 3. For our own Salvation that the faithful may know which to joyn themselves to and of what Kingdom they are 4. For the better confirmation of our faith and comfort when as we see that to be rightly in our Church which is wanting in others 5. Lest we being deceived should embrace the Doctrine of some other Church or Sect for true Religion 6. Lest we be partakers of the punishments which are to come on such men Rev. 18.4 7. That the wicked may be left unexcusable Why God oftentimes suffereth for a while his Enemies to prevail over his Church 1. Because his own people sin against him and therefore he is even compelled to correct and chasten them howbeit in mercy not in fury for their instruction not for their destruction that they may not be condemned with the world For as the Bush which Moses saw in the Wilderness though in the midst of a fire yet not consumed so is the Church on Earth in the midst of Persecution yet not overcome 2. That his children may learn to rest in God alone and not on themselves or upon the Arm of flesh rather then upon the living God Thus profited Manasseh more in the Prison at Babylon then on his Throne 2 Chron. 33.11 12. 3. To harden the hearts of the Enemies that they may run forward to their own confusion and fill up the measure of their iniquity The difference between the Church before the coming of Christ and now since is fourfold viz. 1. The Church before Christ did set him forth his Death and Resurrection but darkly by certain outward ceremonies as Sacrifices Lights Washings and the like 2. This consisteth in Reformation of life for as the knowledge of Christ is now greater so also the efficacy and working of the Holy Ghost is far greater which mortifieth our flesh so as we do more earnestly obey his Commandments according to the Promises declared by the Prophets some special gifts granted to some special men as Moses Elias and others who went far beyond us onely excepted 3. In that everlasting life was but obscurely and darkly offered to the Israelites wrapped or folded up onely in earthly Promises 4. The Church under the Law was as it were bounded with the borders of Judea or shut up within that countrey but now it is dispersed and scattered throughout the whole world neither is it tyed to any one place time or people The difference of the true doctrine from others viz. 1. This Doctrine was delivered from God other Sects are sprung from men and have been invented by Devils 2. True Religion hath firm Testimonies both Divine and Humane such as quiet Consciences and convince all other Sects of Error 3. In the Doctrine of the Prophets and Apostles is rightly delivered the whole Law of God and both the Tables of the Law are perfectly kept other Sects cast away the principal parts of Gods Law the Doctrine concerning the true knowledge and Worship of God contained in the first Table and reject the inward obedience of the second Table 4. The whole Gospel of Christ rightly understood is in the true Church alone taught and in this true Doctrine alone contained other Sects are either quite ignorant of it or do patch some little part of it out of the Doctrine of the Apostles unto their own Errors True Christian Religion consisteth especially in five principal points distinguished thereby from all other counterfeit Religions 1. It maketh all the chief Points of the Doctrine thereof to agree with the nature of the true God in the knowledge of whom it strengthneth and keepeth the godly 2. That it establisheth the glory of God in the Salvation of men and so the godly are more and more confirmed in the certainty of their Salvation 3. That it joyneth good Works with our Salvation by a most near band although it be no way grounded upon them so that the faithful cannot take any matter of boasting in them 4. That it openeth a way for us unto God to crave of him all things necessary for soul or body for this life or that to come 5. That it yieldeth to the godly matter of patience and joy in adversity yea also Assurance in the greatest dangers and not without much circumspection care and watchfulness in the most prosperous condition The difference between the Church and Commonweals viz. 1. Commonweals are distinct in divers places and times the Church is alway one and the same 2. The States of the World have many Heads the Church but one and that in Heaven 3. Kingdoms are governed by mens Laws the Church by the Holy Ghost and Gods Word 4. The civil State requireth outward obedience onely the Church both inward and outward 5. States give Power to Civil Magistrates to alter and make new Laws the Church is so tyed to the Word of God as she may not adde to or detract ought from it 6. The civil State hath Corporal Power but the Church punisheth by denouncing Gods Wrath out of the Word of God 7. In the Church are always some Elect and holy but not always in the Commonwealth The Office and Authority of the Church as concerning the Scriptures 1. It is as the Keeper of the sacred Rolls and Records to preserve them not to authorize them 2. It is as a Touchstone to distinguish them from counterfeit Scriptures not to make that Scripture which is no Scripture 3. It is as the voyce of a Cryer to preach publish promulgate and teach the Truth but cannot adde to or take from it nor authorize nor alter or change it 4. It is as an Interpreter and Expounder of the Scriptures according to the Scriptures How the Church may be said not to erre 1. The whole doth not erre though some Members do 2. It doth not erre universally though in some points of Doctrine it may 3. It erreth not in the Foundation As the Church may ordain ceremonies tending to order decency unity and edification so hath it no power to appoint what she please For she may not decree any Rites or ceremonies that are 1. Idle or unprofitable but must all tend to edifying 2. For their nature impious like the Ordinances Maners and Idols of our Forefathers Ezek. 30.18 Teachers of vanity Jer. 10.8 and of lyes Heb. 3.10 3. For use Superstitious like the Brazen-Serpent Hezekiah brake 2 Kings 18. 4. For their worthiness in the eyes of the ordainers either of equal price or of more account then the very Ordinances of God so as for the performance of them the Laws of God must be left undone Mark 7.8 13. 5. Against the liberty of Christians to the intangling of them again with the yoke of servile bondage Gal. 5.1 6. For their weight over-heavy and grievous to be born Luke 11.46 7. Any way contrary to the Commandments Will and Word of God Mat. 15.13 8. They must
conformity and agreeableness with the Law is inchoated or begun in them 3. In respect of their separation because they are selected and separated from all other men Union is taken three ways 1. Essentially so God is not one with us nor we with him for there is no proportion between finite and infinite 2. Personally or hypostatically as when things are so joyned that they make one person neither thus is God one with us or we with him 3. Spiritually which is the conjunction of us with God and God with us whereby we are one with him in Christ and he in Christ with us Thus we are said to be in Christ as our Savior not as God onely or Man onely but as both one Christ The Bond whereby we are united to Christ is twofold 1. One on Christs part even the Spirit of Christ 1 Joh. 4.13 2. The other on our part which is Faith Ephes 3.17 So likewise we are said to be in Christ two ways viz. 1. In regard of the external conjunction of his Body the Church by which we are initiate into his Name by Baptism This is common both to true and false Christians 2. By the true internal coadunation or conjunction of the Spirit which is proper onely to the Elect. The three special Vertues which unite us to Christ 1. Faith the hand whereby we lay hold on him as he by his Spirit doth on us 2. Hope the anchor whereby we hold fast what we have laid hold on maugre all the storms and assaults of Satan 3. Love the glew or sodder whereby we are thus knit and united to him and become one with him Christ is said to be present with us in five respects viz. 1. By his Spirit and Godhead 2. As touching our faith and confidence wherewith we behold him 3. In mutual dilection and love 4. In respect of his Union with Humane Nature that is in the conjunction of the soul with the body 5. In respect of that hope which we have of our consummation or coming unto him Christs Humanity is present with all the Elect in whatsoever places they be dispersed through the whole world not by any substantial presence of the flesh in the Bread and within their bodies but 1. By the efficacy and perpetual value of his Merit 1 Joh. 1.7 2. By the efficacy also of his Humane Will Psal 110.4 Heb. 5.6 3. By conjunction and union not by any natural connexion of Christ and our flesh but by Faith and the Holy Ghost in Christ our Head and dwelling in us his Members Eph. 3.17 we are Members of his Body of his Flesh and his Bones and of they twain shall be one flesh Eph. 5.30 This is a great secret We have communion with God three ways 1. If we walk not in darkness that is if we do not the works of darkness 2. If we walk in the light that is if we practise what we know of the light 1 Joh. 1.6 7. 3. By the blessed Sacraments The Signs of true communion with God 1. A true love towards our Brethren giving no just occasion of evil or offence 2. A true and lively faith in Christ apprehending his Merits and applying him to be our Savior Joh. 12.46 3. A true following of Christ that is in his love patience humility obedience The Priviledges of the Saints which arise from their Union with Christ their Head are many and great and sure respecting This life The time of death The life to coâ—â— The Priviledges in this life which the Saints have by vertue of their Union with Christ viz. 1. A most glorious condition which is to be a part of Christ a Member of his body 2. The Attendance of good Angels who are sent forth to minister for them who shall be heirs of Salvation Heb. 1.14 3. An Honor to make even Christ himself as he is Head of the Church perfect the Saints being Members the Church is said to be the fulness of him that filleth all in all Eph. 1.23 which is to be understood of that voluntary condition which Christ was pleased to descend unto to be the Head of a Body the Head of his Church the Saints 4. A kinde of Possession of heaven while we are on earth Eph. 2.6 Joh. 5.24 1 Joh. 5.12 This is somewhat more then Hope serving to strengthen it and to give us assurance of that heavenly Inheritance 5. A most happy kinde of Regiment under which the Saints are even such an one as the Members of an head are under which Ruleth not as a cruel Lord and Tyrant but meekly gently with great compassion and fellow-feeling 6. An Assurance of sufficient supply of all needful things which the Saints want and of safe protection from all things hurtful if it seem otherwise at times Christ in his wisdom sees it fit it should be so 7. A Right to all that Adam lost for Christ is the Heir of all Heb. 1.2 whence the Apostle saith All things are yours 1 Cor. 3.21 The wicked then must needs be usurpers for they are not of the body 8. A Right to more then Adam ever had even to Christ himself and all that appertaineth to him as to the purity of his Nature to the perfection of his Obedience to the merit of his Blood to the power of his Death to the vertue of his Resurrection and the efficacy of his Ascension O blessed Union and thrice blessed they that have a part therein The Priviledges which the Saints by their Union with Christ receive in the time of Death even all that time that passeth from the departure of the Saints out of this world unto the general Resurrection 1. When Soul and Body are separated one from the other neither is separated from Christ so as to be left to destruction for though the bodies of the Saints be consumed with worms they are not utterly destroyed as appears by the Metaphor of sleep 1 Thess 4.13 2. The Bodies of the Saints are not onely not utterly destroyed but shall be glorified bodies for the rotting of the body is but as the rotting of corn in the earth that it may rise a more glorious body 1 Cor. 15.36 Thus the Saints are said to sleep in Jesus 1 Thess 4.14 and to be dead in Christ verse 16. 3. The Grave is as a Bed to the bodies of the Saints quietly to repose therein till the day of Resurrection and Reunion with the Soul but it is a Prison to the wicked to hold them fast until the day of the General Assize indeed the bodies of the wicked shall also rise again but to be for ever tormented in Hell The Priviledges after death which the Saints have by vertue of their union with Christ may be referred to these 1. Their Resurrection which simply considered in it self is not the Priviledge of the Saints but Resurrection of life to the wicked appertaineth the Resurrection of condemnation 2. Their Glory in heaven The Signs of certainty of heavenly Communion
that dye some are crooked through Age some tender Infants some Blinde and some Lame yet at the Resurrection these weaknesses shall be done away to the faithful and strength perfection and comeliness shall be to every one of them The bodies indeed of the Elect shall rise in the same substance as the bodies of the Reprobate but diverse in quality not to be corrupted or altered any more And these qualities of the bodies of the just after the Resurrection shall be Clarity Mat. 12. Impassibility 1 Cor. 15. Agility Wisd 4. and Subtilty now the condition of the unjust shall be quite contrary to the blessed So that although the Resurrection is one of the Priviledges which the Saints by vertue of their Union with Christ receive after death yet Resurrection simply in it self considered is not the Priviledge of Saints but Resurrection of life to the wicked appertaineth the Resurrection of condemnation The benefit of Resurrection ariseth from the Glory which followeth thereupon in Heaven where the Saints shall shine as Precious Stones Rev. 21.11 yea as the Firmament Dan. 12.3 as the Stars and as the Sun Mat. 13.43 be like Christ himself 1 Joh. 3.2 and appear with him in glory Col. 3.4 This glory of the Saints extendeth both to Soul and Body to the whole person In regard of their Souls they shall be all glorious within Psal 45.13 for they are Spirits of just men made perfect Heb. 12.23 perfect knowledge wisdom and all maner of purity shall be in them 1 Cor. 13.12 In regard of their Bodies they shall be fashioned like to Christs glorious body Phil. 3.21 and that in Incorruption Immortality Beauty Brightness Grace Favor Agility Strength and the like such as indeed the tongue of Men or Angels is not able to express Suffice it to our ravished Admiration That the Saints in regard of their persons shall there be advanced to the Honor and Dignity of Christ so far as they are capable of it The Resurrection we are to hope for as it is an effect of Gods Counsel and to believe it as it is the Counsel it self and Purpose of God Touching the Resurrection of the Flesh know 1. That we shall rise with the self same bodies 1 Cor. 15. Phil. 3. Job 19. 2. That our bodies shall then be incorruptible 3. That the good and evil shall rise with all and every part of the body 4. That being risen they never dye more Touching the Resurrection we acknowledge 1. That our bodies are all frail and weak and how many years soever they continre yet fall to the ground they shall at last even as they were taken out of it 2. That howsoever or whensoever they fall yet they shall be raised again by a supernatural Power the Souls being reunited unto them 3. That all this shall be in the last day together in a moment at the sound of a Trumpet and not some at one time some at another 4. That being thus raised they must come to Judgement all the secretest things that ever they did being laid open and the hidden things of all hearts being manifested The Resurrection proved by the Apostle 1 Cor. 15. 1. If there be no Resurrection then Christ is not risen from the dead 1 Cor. 15.13 15 16. but he is already risen Rom. 6.9 And if the Head be risen then shall the Members also rise 2. If no Resurrection then of all men the Believers were most miserable ver 19. for their portion in this life is mourning whilest the world rejoyceth Joh. 16.20 But they are not most miserable for Christ hath pronounced them Blessed Mat. 5.4 6 10 11. 3. If there should be no Resurrection of the godly from death to life then the first Adam should be more powerful and mighty then the second so that the second Adam should be impotent and weak if he should not be able to deliver them from the jaws of death 4. All our enemies and the enemies of Christ are to be taken clean away and made subject to Christ and to us the last of which is death 1 Cor. 15.26 5. If there were no Resurrection of the flesh then the Epicures and Libertines taught well That we should follow our pleasures and delights in this life ver 32 which were a damnable pernicious Doctrine to be taught and heard in the Church of God opening a gap to all prophaneness and shutting up all practice of Piety The duties required of us in acknowledging the Resurrection 1. To live as those that expect the Resurrection and not like those who live as if they thought they should ever continue in this world for we must all dye or be changed 2. Not to live as they that deny the Resurrection whose hope is onely in this world not in surfetting and drunkenness chambering and wantonness but in sobriety temperance and chastity 3. To keep a good Conscience before God and men because at the day of the Resurrection every Conscience shall be a Book opened and all the world shall reade whether it be good or bad 4. Both to abstain from judging and censuring others and to neglect mens judging of us if so be our offences judge us not because there is one Judge of all and it is such Presumption to take his Office out of his hands in judging these to be Hypocrites these Reprobates and these damned Creatures that whoso useth it shall not escape the Judgement of God Rom. 2.1 which followeth on the Resurrection 5. To bear all our bodily imperfections and sicknesses patiently because in the Resurrection all shall be done away weakness shall be strength deformity shall be beauty Natural shall be Spiritual 6. To bear patiently all crosses and injuries in this world not seeking to revenge our selves because the time shall come when all wrongs shall be righted 7. Not to suffer our hearts to be taken up with any earthly thing but to have our hearts still set upon the New Heaven and the New Earth the glory whereof abideth for ever and ever 8. To speak of Gods praises with our Tongues with our hands to work the thing that is good with our feet to run to Religious Exercises with our mouthes to glorifie God in daily Prayer with our ears to hearken to his holy Word with our bodies to practice sobriety with our eyes to be shut from wanton looks and to serve God with all our Members because they shall all rise again be honored and become Spiritual 9. To be ever vigilant and watchful because we know not when our change shall be and because the coming of the Lord will be sudden Again beside Pauls proofs of the Resurrection to the Corinths and Testimonies of Scripture Job 19.25 John 5.28 John 6.40 Reasons may thence be drawn to confirm this truth 1. God promiseth eternal life not to the Soul onely but also to the body of the godly and contrarily to the ungodly he threatneth eternal Punishment and pains both of soul and body and these Promises
and Threatnings of God must be fulfilled for the certainty of them is unchangeable but they could not be fulfilled if the dead should not rise 2. The Mercy of God is perfect as which extendeth it self to the whole man and which will have us wholly saved therefore our bodies also shall rise again 3. The perfect Justice of God requireth that the same wholly whereby they sin should be punished with eternal pains but the wicked both in their whole body and in their soul do sin therefore their bodies also must be raised again 4. Christ is a perfect Savior because he hath saved and reconciled to God whole Man therefore our corrupt body also shall be raised by Christ 5. God is the God of the whole Man not of a part onely This Reason Christ useth against the Sadduces Mat. 22.31 6. God published his Law unto Man after the Fall therefore he will have man once keep it but that is not done in this life therefore it shall be done in the life to come and therefore men shall rise again The comfort we have by our Resurrection viz. 1. Our souls after they shall depart out of our bodies shal presently be taken up to Christ Luke 23.43 Phil. 1.23 2. Our flesh being raised up by the power of Christ shall be again united to our souls and shall be made like to the glorious body of Christ 1 Cor. 15.53 The use our Faith may make of the Resurrection 1. Our Faith may herein comfort us in all distresses whatsoever 2. It will mitigate the sorrow we entertain for the dead 3. It will lessen our fear of death while we believe a better life after death 4. It will make us swift to good works and to deserve well of those with whom we are to have eternal Society hereafter 5. It will withhold us from evil that we defile not our souls and bodies preserved by the Blood of Christ to live with God Angels and Saints Israels descent into the Red-Sea and the Lords deliverance of them thence The flourishing of Aarons Rod Ezekiels Vision of dead bones The Jews Captivity in and deliverance from Babylon and Jonahs preservation in and from the Belly of the Whale are all Types of the Resurrection And if the Doctrine of the Resurrection be shaken and overturned then all Religion is pulled up by the Roots let us therefore beware of such Vipers as lurk in the bosom of the Church There were even among the people of God Sadduces that taught that man perished wholly and that after death there should be no rising or returning to life but that he perished as the Beast Mat. 22.23 And in the Church of Corinth some were found which said There is no Resurrection of the dead 1 Cor. 15.12 Some have confessed indeed the Immortality of the soul so also did some of the Heathen but touching the Resurrection they have fancied it to be in this life and not after death as if the Resurrection were nothing else but Regeneration a dying to sin and rising again to newness of life or not unlike to Hymeneus and Philetus who said That the Resurrection was already past 2 Tim. 2.18 This Heresie for its continuance is not a little beholding to the Family of Love who hold that Heaven and Hell are in this life and no other Resurrection of the body or day of Judgement or coming of Christ then in this world Nor is it much less beholding to the Anabaptists who deny that the same bodies which now we have and shall lie in the dust shall ever rise again but hold That God at the second coming of Christ will make us new bodies This is to maintain a New Creation of new bodies and to deny the Resurrection of the former But all those Heresies we are to abandon and to let our Faith close with the Will of God revealed in his Word as we tender the benefit we expect by the Resurrection You that are crumbled into Dust or gave Your living Bodies to a fiery Grave Or say those Corps which should the Worms have fed The Fin-wing'd scaly Creatures nourished Converting Flesh to Fish Grant this and shall Those Bodies we may now just Nothing call Arise again 'T is so The Scripture saith They shall and Reason must give place to Faith Who could raise seed to Abraham of Stones Can re-incarnate Dust and rotten Bones § 13. And Life Everlasting Amen BY Life Everlasting is meant that ever-enduring happiness and all those joys which the Lord imparteth to all his Elect in the world to come not onely Life in but Joy not onely Joy but Riches not onely Riches but Glory and all these not in some measure but in excess not mixed but absolute without grief without want without dishonor not by intermission and fits but continually not after some long time to end but everlastingly This is the blessed estate of the faithful in the world to come without end or misery in joys unspeakable in body and soul that habitation or dwelling of God in Angels and Men by the Holy Ghost and the true knowledge of God his Will and all his Works kindled by the same Spirit in their hearts and true and perfect Righteousness and Wisdom that is a perfect conformity and correspondence of their will and powers and operations with the Minde and Will of God as also a joy resting on God and a sufficiency of all good things in God as touching both soul and body which shall never be interrupted hindred or have an end which is given to all the Elect and to them onely Joh. 10.28 Now as they are Elected so they are but chosen to Eternal life but as they are converted so they are in part admitted unto it and begin to be put into possession of it Thus the souls of the faithful departed do in a most happy and blessed estate tarry and wait for their full deliverance and Redemption in the Resurrection and Glorification of their bodies in the mean time resting from their labors being in the hand of God the true Paradice and Kingdom of Christ are received of him and gathered to the souls of the faithful which are perfected and to Abraham the Father of all which believe Whence this Article is added in our Creed to signifie That the just shall not rise again to misery or to a momentary felicity but to eternal blessedness The main difference betwixt our estate in this world and in the world to come being That here we must believe what we know but in part there we shall perfectly know whatsoever is to be believed The comfort which the faithful take in this Article of Everlasting Life is That forasmuch as they feel already in their hearts the beginning of Everlasting life 2 Cor. 5.2 3. it shall at length come to pass That after this life they shall enjoy full and perfect bliss wherein they shall magnifie God for ever which blessedness neither eye hath seen nor ear hath heard neither hath
the wicked 1. The Impellent Cause is sin because it is an evil merit and deserveth evil 2. The Principal Efficient Cause is the Justice of God inflicting punishment for sin 3. The Instrumental Causes are divers Angels and Men both good and bad and all other Creatures 4. The Final Cause is That the Justice of God may be satisfied The Causes of the Cross of the godly viz. 1. The Acknowledging and purging out of sin 1 Cor. 11.32 Psa 119.71 2. The Hatred of the Devil and wicked men Joh. 15.19 1 Pet. 5.8 3. The Tryal and Exercise of Godliness Eccl. 34.10 4. Particular Defects and Failings in the Saints as in David and others 5. The Confirmation of the Truth by their Martyrdom Joh. 21.18 6. Their glorious Delivery that is the Manifestation of the immeasurable Wisdom Power Mercy and Justice of God in their wonderful deliverance 1 Sam. 2.6 7. The making of a Conformity between the Members and Christ their Head both in Affliction and Glory 2 Tim. 2.12 8. A Testimony and Confirmation of the Judgement and Life to come because Gods Justice and Truth requireth that in the end it go well with the good and ill with the bad but this cometh not to pass in this life In all Chastisements how sharp soever God is alway to be acknowledged just in laying them upon us 1. Because his Punishments though many times very grievous yet are alway less then our deserts and offences Psal 103.10 2. Because our sins are the procuring Causes of all the Evils we suffer Mic. 7.9 3. Because in all his Corrections and Judgements he remembreth Mercy Hab. 3.2 The Comforts and Consolations which are to be opposed to Afflictions to invite us to Patience viz. 1. Remission of Sins and Reconciliation unto God in Christ Rom. 5.1 8.3 2. The Necessity of Obeying God and the love which we owe him Job 2.10 Psal 3.9 3. The worthiness of Vertue that is of Obedience towards God the true Vertue Mat. 10.37 16.25 4. A good Conscience the godly being assured of Remission of sins purpose to obey God being confident of pardon in Christ resolve to suffer any thing 5. The Final Causes thereof as Gods glory Psal 119.75 Our Salvation 1 Cor. 11.32 The Salvation of others Acts 5. 6. The comparing together of Ends and Events it is better to suffer now then hereafter 7. The Hope of Recompence for the Reward is great in Heaven Mat. 5.12 8. The Example of Christ for the Servant is not above his Master Joh. 15.20 and of his Saints who have suffered before us 9. The Certain presence and assistance of God in all cases and chances of this life 1 Cor. 10.13 Psal 19.15 10. The final and full Delivery whereof are three degrees contrary to those of punishment 1. In this life when we have the beginning of eternal life 2. In our Bodily Death when the Soul is carried into Abrahams bosom 3. After the Resurrection when we shall be perfectly blessed both in Body and Soul The way to comfort our selves in trouble 1. It is our duty to acknowledge Gods Mercy to be great who might lay a heavier burthen on us 2. We must with boldness come by Prayer unto the Throne of Grace that we may put him in minde of his Mercies 3. We must thereby be drawn unto Repentance acknowledge our sins to have deserved far greater Judgements then yet we suffer and turn unto God with all our hearts 4. We must praise the goodness of God in sparing us and not pouring out the full Vials of his wrath upon us 5. We must remember That we think not our selves hardly dealt with taking heed that we murmure not nor complain against God 6. We must be patient and not discouraged under the Cross As the hand of Gods particular Providence is in all our Afflictions these three ways 1. He decreeth and fore-appointeth them 2. He effecteth them 3. He ordereth and disposeth them So his presence with us in Affliction hath these three ends or effects viz. 1. To work our deliverance from the Cross so far forth as it shall be for our good 2. To temper and moderate our Afflictions 3. To give us strength and power to bear his Affliction The fruit of Affliction viz. 1. Consideration they make men to see and consider their sins 2. Humiliation they serve to humble men in their Souls before God 3. They serve to work Amendment of life 4. Abnegation they cause men to deny themselves and relie wholly on the Mercy of God 5. Invocation they make us cry heartily and fervently unto God 6. Patience Affliction brings forth Patience Patience Experience 7. Obedience whereof we have an Example even of Christ himself Heb. 5.8 Prosperity worketh in us effects contrary to those of Affliction 1. It maketh us proud and insolent 2. It stirreth us up to serve our own wicked lusts fed by it 3. It hardneth us against the affection of Mercy 4. It maketh us cold negligent and distracted in prayer 5. It provoketh us to impatience wrath and self-confidence 6. It besots us with the love of the world and our selves alienating our thoughts from the heavenly life For what causes God humbleth his servants by Affliction 1. That all glory and praise may be given to him alone 2. That we may put away the vain confidence which naturally is in us and cleave to him alone 3. That we may be the better fitted for Mercy the better prepared to receive his gifts 4. That we may humble our selves pray repent pity others renounce the world and desire life Eternal Why the Lord sometimes defers deliverance from Affliction 1. To humble us throughly and to bring us to an utter denyal of our selves 2. That we may acknowledge from whence our Deliverance comes 3. To make us distrust the World and draw our thoughts to the life to come 4. To prevent greater evils and dangers wherein we might run God is said to deliver us two ways 1. By preservation and keeping us that we shall not come into danger 2. By freeing us from the trouble into which we are faln And this is 1. By taking the misery from us 2. By takingus from the misery Directions to arm us with Patience and to keep us from despising Gods corrections 1. In all Afflictions look as David did 2 Sam. 16.10 unto him that smiteth and know that they come not by chance but by Gods wise-disposing Providence and that purposely to breed in us true remorse 2. Consider that the Lord can adde Cross to Cross till he pull down our proud stomacks break our stiff necks and bring us to utter confusion yea that his Wrath is as his Greatness Infinite 3. Take notice of the Judgements which other men by despising the Lords corrections bring upon themselves 4. Make use of the least Cross and begin speedily to humble thy self if thy heart begin to be touched suffer it not to be presently hardned again but more and more humble
Prosperity 2. It must be sincere and sound not feigned or hypocritical Rom. 12.9 3. It must be fervent increasing inwardly and shewing it self in the fruits thereof outwardly 1 Pet. 4.8 4. It must be constant holding out unto the end Heb. 13.1 5. It must not be for any private by-respects 6. We must love those that are our enemies and hate us Mat. 5.46 47. The signs of true Christian Brotherly love 1. If we love God unfeignedly with our hearts and labor to keep his Commandments 1 Joh. 5.2 2. If we love without servile and slavish fear for there is no such fear in love 1 Joh. 4.18 3. If we can forgive wrongs forget to revenge them and pray for them that did them 1 Cor. 13. 4. If it be not onely in time of Prosperity but when he stands in most need of our love if it be more manifest to our Brother in his adversity then in his prosperity Prov. 17.17 5. If it be not for outward respects but because they are the Sons of God 6. If it be not outward in shew onely but inward in the heart Motives perswasive or Reasons to inforce our love to our Brethren 1. Except we love our Brethren we do not love God and if not God he not us 1 Joh. 4.20 2. Except we have this love we know not God for God is love 1 Joh. 4.8 3. If we love not our Brethren we abide in death 1 Joh. 3.14 are none of Gods children 1 Joh. 3.10 but the Devils 4. He that loveth not his Brother is a manslayer neither shall he be saved 1 Joh. 3.15 5. Because God so commandeth us to love one another yea on pain of eternal death Heb. 2.2 The Vices repugnant unto the love of God viz. 1. The casting away of Gods love or the contempt and hatred of God which is through the alienation of our Nature from God and Gods Justice and by reason of an inclination thereof to sin therefore to flie and shun God accusing and punishing Sin 2. Inordinate love of our selves and of other creatures which is to prefer our Lusts or Pleasures or Life or Glory or any other thing before God and his Will and Glory and to be willing rather to neglect and offend him then to part from those things which we love 3. A feigned love of God an hypocritical counterfeit or self-respecting love whereby also we may here offend Now we cannot here ever offend in the excess because we never love God so much as we should Hail O thou lovely Grace whose rare feature When Faith and Hope vanish from the Creature Shall ever Lustre forth in Heaven be As now of Sweetness full of Majesty By thee the Graces all enamell'd are 'Mongst whom thou shin'st the Heart Attractive Star By thee the Saints are ever so inflam'd To be but warm th' are holily asham'd Sweet Flame perfume my Soul and in thy fire Ravish'd let me from whence thou cam'st aspire §. 7. Of the Fear of God THe last Vertue required in this First Commandment is the Fear of God which being formerly touch'd and though taken in a strict consideration was yet found to be a great part of the Worship of God and an infallible Sign of the true Religion We shall therefore in this place speak a word more of it onely in reference thereto Now whereas it is said to be a great part of the Worship of God it is understood chiefly and principally of the Inward Worship which alone is properly simply and of it self the Worship of God the Outward is not simply the Worship of God but onely so far forth as it is quickned by the Inward and grounded on it God is a Spirit his Worship is Spiritual This is the Worship of the Minde the Heart the Conscience the Will and Affections for Man by all these joyntly and severally performeth Worship and Service to his Creator and this is the Spiritual Worship of the Inward Man the Foundation of all true Worship of God whereas the Outward Worship is onely that whereby the Inward is testified outwardly by the speech and actions The Worship of God according to his Word consisteth in things which God either giveth us as his Titles and Works or requireth of us as Hearing his Word Prayer Sacraments Vows and Swearing in all which thou shalt fear the Lord thy God because he is the Lord Levit. 14.19 To which may be added Outward Adoration Confession not ordinary or Ecclesiastical Confession but such as is made before the Adversary and Fasting in all which the Fear of God which is taken for the whole Worship of God or for the general Obedience according to all Gods Commandments Prov. 1.7 This Fear which ariseth from a knowledge of Gods Justice and of his Power to punish sins from a consideration of of that Right and Dominion which he hath over all Creatures This Fear which is an acknowledging of sin and the wrath of God keeps the whole Man in a Religious Respect a holy Dreadfulness and in an awful Reverence of the great and mighty Majesty of Heaven and Earth commands him to walk as in the Presence of God that even his whole Conversation seems one undiscontinued holy and Religious Adoration The whole Worship of God may stand in these five particulars viz. 1. To Fear and Love him above all 2. To Believe in all his Promises without doubting 3. To Call upon him in all our necessities 4. To be Thankful unto him for all his Benefits which shews it self in these 2 things viz. 1. An Acknowledgement of the heart That our Souls and whatsoever we have is Gods and proceedeth from his Blessing alone 2. In a Consecration of our Bodies Souls Lives Callings and Labors to the honor and service of God 5. To be Obedient to all his Commandments The Worship of God consisteth in things that are 1. Perpetual which are 1. Confidence in God Prov. 3.5 22.19 2 Chron. 20.20 Psal 37.3 5. 2. Love of God Deut. 6.5 Joh. 22.5 25.11 Mat. 22.37 3. Reverence of God Mat. 4.10 Heb. 12.28 Deut. 6.33 10.20 2. Belonging to this life as 1. Hope in God Psal 37.7 62.5 6 7. Isa 38.18 1 Pet. 1.21 2. Fear of God Deut. 4.10 6.2 13. 10.12 20. 14.13 Rev. 14.7 The Heads of Inward Worship are two 1. Adoration whereby a man upon a vile and base estimation of himself subjects himself his Soul to the Glory and Majesty of God 2. A cleaving to God which is by Faith Love Hope and Inward Invocation Adoration is twofold 1. Religious in which Religion and godliness is exercised wherein are these two The Intention of the Minde The outward prostrating of the Body 2. Civil which fellow-Creatures give one to the other and this pertaineth onely to the Second Table Two principal grounds of Adoration in the heart 1. Abnegation or denyal of our selves when we esteem our selves to be meer nothing 2. Exaltation of Gods Majesty above all the things in
Authority So hath God commanded the Israelites and so Paul disliking the Athenian and Ephesian Idols did not notwithstanding himself pull them down Also it is Idolatry to serve God according to our own fantasies which is done these several ways viz. 1. By a kinde of Worship which we our selves have invented or other men for us meerly out of their own brains 2. By Resting on the work done bodily or outwardly 3. By serving God without repenting us truly of our sins 4. By performing the Service of God and immediate duties of Religion out of Hypocrisie or for by-ends For all these are Abuses in Gods Service and he is hereby made an Idol In this Commandment we are Required to perform all outward Duties of Gods Service according to his Will Revealed in his Word For Direction whereof take these general Rules viz. 1. All things are to be done in order and not confusedly Mat. 3.15 1 Cor. 14. 2. All things must be done in the greatest humility and highest reverence towards him whose Service it is when any preach or pray or joyn with others in these holy duties 3. All things are to be done without shew of vain-glory not affecting notoriety by Pharisaick sighing groaning knocking the breast and the like more then the heart enforceth 4. All things are to be done in Faith to be accompanied with Zeal to God glory and Love to our Neighbor 5. All things are to be done without shew of Idolatry according to that Abstain even from all appearance of evil 1 Thess 5.22 The Reason of this Commandment is taken 1. Partly from the punishments to be inflicted upon such as break it even unto the third and fourth generations This is an Argument of Terror perswasive to Obedience 2. Partly from the benefits to be bestowed on such as keep it even unto thousands This is a Reason of Comfort invitatory to Obedience hereunto The special Vices forbidden in this Commandment viz. 1. Idolatry which is a false and superstitious worshipping of God This is of two sorts 1. When a false God is worshipped that is when in place of the true God or besides him that worship is given to some either Imaginary or Existent thing which is due to the true God onely and to be given to him alone 2. When men erre in the kinde of worship that is when Worship or Honor is imagined to be given and done unto the true God by some such work as himself hath not commanded This kinde is called Will-worship or Superstition which is an adding of Humane Inventions unto the Commandments of God 2. Hypocrisie which is a pretending or feigning true Godliness and Worship of God without true Faith and Repentance Of both which a word or two doth challenge the next place in our Discourse Enacted in Heav'ns Statute-Book it stands Thou shalt not bow the knee nor lift up hands To Carved Images And yet Behold The Antichristian Prelat is so bold The blinde deluded Sons of Men to tell If they 'll serve Baal he 'll rescue them from Hell And by the Pardon of 's Blasphemous breath Reprieve the Damned from Eternal Death Hells Master-piece second to none at all Save that whence sprang the Vniversal Fall §. 2. Of Idolatry WHat Idolatry is hath been already shewn we shall now onely speak a word of the original Antiquity of it who are guilty of it of the Ridiculousness of it of the Danger of it and of the way how to avoid it The Nations of the Gentiles had multitudes of gods and every Nation his several Idol-god as Chemosh was the Idol of the Moabites Baal of the Caldeans Ashteroth of the Sidonians Milchom and Moloch of the Ammonites Rimmon of the Syrians Dagon of the Philistims but these trusting in their Idols were all still defeated and destroyed Whence we learn That the worshipping of Images howsoever it be coloured with false Reasons is the true cause of Gods Judgements which Truth is not without a cloud of Witnesses in the holy Scripture So that the Laity under Antichrists Jurisdiction me thinks should give the Modern and more refined Idolaters of Rome but little thanks for leading them to the Slaughter by the ears and buzzing them therein that Idols are Lay-mens Books The Assyrians were very famous or rather infamous for Idols great boasters of them not without cause indeed for they were most exquisite god-makers not much unlike the Romish Idolaters who knead the Dough and of one part they make Bread and a god of the other who cut down the Tree warm themselves with part thereof roast their Meat with another and with a third part make a pretty god and worship it who hew the Stone out of the Rock bedawb the one part with tempered dirt and bow unto the other who have their Plague-Saint and their Childe-bed-Saint their Tempest-Saint and their Fair-weather-Saint O Blasphemous Idolatry These and the like are their Dii Tutelares or their Patron-Saints whereof they have one for every Season called their Protecting-Gods as appears by an Historian of their own Paulus Jovius Hist lib. 24 Now all the difference betwixt this Idolatry and that of the Heathens even he that is as blinde as themselves may discern for onely the Names of the Idols are changed the nature of the Idolatry still remaineth to their indelible infamy here and fearful condemnation hereafter It is not lawful for a Subject to worship his Prince or for a Son his Father with any Religious Worship much less may we worship Images with any kinde of Religious Worship or any Worship whatsoever which at best are as it were but the Creatures creatures Not to honor God is intolerably wicked to give his honor to any Mortal Man is more sinful but to give it to base and sensless Idols is most abominable The basest Image-maker that lives is far better then the Image that lives not What a gross and sensless thing then is it that the living Image of the living God should perform worship or service to the dead Image of a dead Saint yea to the Image of that man whose Soul for ought they know is among the damned That we may the more abhor Idolatry observe how base the means are which have been used to establish this cursed sin of Image-worshipping Dan. 3. 1. The violent and peremptory Command of the most haughty King Nebuchadnezzar 2. The Acceptation of ungodly Nobles and flattering of covetous corrupted Officers 3. The glittering and alluring matter of which Images are made as gold and silver 4. Their outward form and beauty being most curiously wrought artificially carved and richly apparelled 5. Most grievous Penalties threatned to those that refuse to bow themselves thereunto 6. Inchanting Musick of all sorts Thus the thing it self is suitably carnal and devilish and so are all such as give the glory of the Creator to the Creature Idolatry doth ever turn to the destruction of the Idolater and that for these Reasons viz. 1. Because God is
when he counterfeits godliness his dissembling of Piety makes every sin he commits leave a double blot of guilt on the painted Sepulchre of his Soul Without Integrity and Uprightness of heart our Prayers hearin of Sermons partaking of the Sacraments or the performance of any other holy Exercises doth nothing avail If I regard iniquity in my heart the Lord will not hear me Isa 1.15 Sincerity is as Salt that seasoneth every work the life and substance of all other Graces without it the best things are no better then sins against God but to such as are pure in heart he is good and gracious Psal 79.1 125.4 5. Hence it is that men in this Age hate the Saints under pretence that they are the Hypocrites and this hath been the Devils policy against all holy men in all Ages David was said to be a subtile man to deceive others Paul was reckoned the great Impostor of the world nay Christ himself was called a Deceiver And indeed no man speaks against Religion or hates Religion under its own notion under its own name but somewhat else as Hypocrisie indeed such as have not Grace themselves cannot possibly judge of Grace in others Now in the state of Formal Hypocrisie may concur immunity from notorious sins all natural and moral Perfections admirable variety of Learning Policy and all other acquired Ornaments of the Minde an outward performance of all duties of Religion some measure of inward illumination a resemblance or shadow of the whole body of true Regeneration and a perswasion of being in the state of Grace even thus far a man may go in the profession of Christian Religion and yet for want of true sincerity be a stranger from the power of Faith and from the life of godliness yea though a man were a moral Saint an Angel among the Pharisees absolute in all other Perfections yet without the inward power of Grace to give them the life of sincerity he is but a spectacle of commiseration to Angels and Men. The difference betwixt this Moral civil man and the Hypocrite is onely this That the Hypocrite doth much of the First Table little of the Second but the Civil man doth much of the Second Table little of the First neither doth what he doth in sincerity both do what they do in Hypocrisie yea though Moral Honesty and outward Righteousness be in themselves good and in a kinde necessary yet by accident are many times a strong bar to keep men from the power of godliness and unfeigned sincerity for resting therein and not stepping forward they content themselves with a probable error of being in the state of Crace and with a plausible passage unto eternal Death for he which reacheth but to civil Honesty comes far short of being in Christ and consequently of true happiness Thus the two main Engines whereby the Devil deludes the world and ensnares the Souls of Unregenerate men are Civil Honesty and Formal Hypocrisie Hypocrisie is either 1. In works commanded of God but not done after that maner which God requireth 2. In works not commanded of God yet done for ostentations sake as all superstitious and humane Traditions which appertain not to the edifying of the Church The causes or Reasons that many profess God that serve the Devil 1. Pride or Self-love which so overcometh their hearts and blindeth their eyes that they cannot see their wickedness or judge of themselves and their own Misery as they should 2. Because the heart of man is so deceitful he can speak with his Tongue what he meaneth not in his heart beguiling with lying lips and a double tongue Hypocrisie is threefold 1. Privy Hypocrisie by which a man maketh profession of more then is in his heart This kinde of Hypocrisie ariseth from Spiritual Pride and sometimes mixeth it self even with the fairest and most sanctified actions of Gods dearest children soonest insinuating into the holiest heart 2. Gross Hypocrisie by which a man professes that which is not in his heart at all and so deceives others but not his own heart This most properly is Hypocrisie 3. Formal Hypocrisie by which a man doth not onely deceive others but also his own heart with a false conceit and perswasion that he is in a happy state The Reasons why the gross Hypocrite is more miserable and of less hope then the open sinner 1. Because he sins against the light of his Conscience which maner of sinning makes him incapable of saving Graces 2. Because by his outward profession he so dazles the eyes of men that he bars himself of those Reproofs and wholesom Admonitions whereby the open sinner is many times reclaimed humbled and converted 3. Because all publike Reprehensions and Admonitions from the Ministery he posts over from himself to the open sinner as not belonging to himself 4. Because he is justly obnoxious to an extraordinary measure of Gods hatred and indignation and weight of vengeance The unhappy issue of the Formal Hypocrite 1. A cursed Security wherein he slumbers to eternal destruction 2. A wretched Opposition to more sincerity then he findes in himself 3. A searedness deadness and benummedness of Conscience 4. An Impatiency of having his Formality censured by the Ministery of the Word 5. A Neglect of a more sound search into the state of his Soul Reasons moving the Formal Hypocrite to think well of himself and his own state good 1. A comparing himself with those which are more sinful 2. A prejudice which he conceives from the imputation which the world layeth upon the children of God 3. An outward Success in worldly matter much plenty in outward things 4. A Misconceit of Gods Justice and a straining and a racking of his Mercy beyond his Truth and Promise 5. A Misapprehension of the Opposition in the passage of Grace 6. A Misobservation upon the Death and Ends of other men A performance of outward Duties of Religion without the power of Grace upon the Soul and an universal Sanctification in all the faculties thereof cannot produce any sound comfort in the heart or acceptation with God and that for these Reasons 1. Because the iniquity defect or exorbitancy of any particular of one circumstance maketh an action evil but an absolute integrity of all concurrents is required to make a good work acceptable to God comfortable and profitable to a Christian 2. Because except our Righteousness exceed that of the Scribes and Pharisees we shall not enter into the kingdom of Heaven 3. Because the principal and holiest Exercises the most solemn and sacred actions of Religion without sincerity and Sanctification of heart are but as the cutting off a Dogs neck and the offering of Swines blood which Truth ariseth out of Isa 1. Mic. 6. Hag. 2. Psal 50. and many other places Hypocrisie though long covered will be at last uncased and that for these Reasons 1. Because it is like a wound healed outwardly but festering inwardly and therefore at last the corruption cannot but break
out Hypocrites have no sound hearts and therefore they must needs at length be made manifest 2. Because a lyar will one time or other miserably forget himself and every Hypocrite is a lyar because he speaks one thing with his mouth and entertains another in his heart therefore doth the Apostle joyn them together They speak lyes in hypocrisie 1 Tim. 4.2 Moral Honesty being of near relation to Hypocrisie observe the difference betwixt the Righteousness of faith and the Righteousness thereof 1. The Fountain or Original of the Righteousness of Faith is the sanctifying Spirit but the cause of the Righteousness of Moral Honesty may be goodness of Constitution and Ingeniousness 2. The Righteousness of Civil Honesty in outward actions may make a colourable pretence of Piety but hath many secret relations to by-respects but that of Faith hath in all actions for the main scope and principal end onely the glory of God 3. That of Faith doth labor religiously and conscionably in that particular Calling wherein Gods Providence hath placed a man and in all the parts and special Duties of Godliness and Obedience but Civil Honesty wanders in the generalities of Religion 4. That of Faith doth strive with most earnest contention of Spirit for Spiritual comfort and a good Conscience before God but Civil Honesty is fully satisfied with Credit and Plausibleness among men 5. Civil Honesty makes no great conscience of small sins but the other makes resistance to all known sins 6. Civil Honesty doth not use to make opposition against the sins of the time but the other doth stand out for the honor of God unto the death The degrees of saving Faith which are peculiar to the children of God distinguish the Regenerate man from the state of the formal Hypocrite 1. A feeling and special approbation of the Word of Life and Promises of Salvation that with it he holds himself an heir of Heaven without it a childe of endless Perdition 2. A most fervent thirsting for the enjoyment of them enforced with groans unutterable and a gasping for it as the dry and thirsty ground for the refreshing drops of rain 3. An effectual Apprehension of them with a fast and everlasting hold 4. A particular Application of them closely and particularly to his own Soul 5. A full Perswasion of them being fully and truly perswaded by Gods good Spirit out of a consideration of his universal change that they are his own for ever 6. A Delight and Joy thence rising sound and unconquerable he lies down in peace that passeth all understanding he is filled with joy that no man can take from him he delights in the Grace apprehended as in a treasure far more dear then the glory of infinite Worlds yea or Life it self And from the power and working of this inward grace spring out Actions outward both in his general Calling of Christianity and his particular Vocation which by the Mercies of God are Faithful Constant Uniform Impartial Resolute Universal and Comfortable The Degrees of that Temporary Faith which the Formal Hypocrite may have viz. 1. He may be endewed with understanding and knowledge in the Word of God 2. He may be perswaded that it is divinely inspired and that it is most true 3. He may see clearly by the Law of God the grievous intolerableness of his sins and the heavy Judgements due unto them 4. He may be amazed and terrified with fearful horror and remorse of Conscience for his sins 5. He may give assent unto the Covenant of Grace in Christ as most certain and sure and may conceive That Christs Merits are of an invaluable price and a most precious Restorative to a languishing Soul 6. He may be perswaded in a generality and confused maner that the Lord will make good his Covenant of Grace unto the Members of his Church 7. He may be troubled in minde with grudgings and distractions with reluctation and scruples before the Commission of sin Like Pilate before his Judgement on Christ and Herod before his beheading of John Baptist 8. After a sin committed beside the outward forms of Humiliation by the power of this Temporary Faith he may be inwardly touched and affected with some kinde and degree of Repentance and Sorrow which may sometimes prevent temporal Judgements as in Achab and with a slumbering and superficial quiet secure the Conscience for a time The causes whereby Hypocrisie is many times by the world unjustly laid unto the charge of the children of God 1. Suspiciousness an Argument ever of worthlesness and impotency for insufficiency is most suspitious That suspition by which a man doth cast the worth actions and affections 〈…〉 in his own mould and thinks every man obnoâ—â—â—â—â— to all the infirmities he findes in himself 2. Disability and blindeness in the natural man of discerning and acknowledging the operations of grace For no man can see the actions of grace in another without the experience of the power of godliness upon his own Soul We may know whether we have sincerity or not by these signs 1. If we approve our selves to God in all things not to man 1 Thess 2.4 and seek to have the Testimony of a good Conscience 2. If we are ready to yield simple and absolute obedience to Gods Word though our reason be often ready to cross the same even to all Gods Commands Psal 119.6 3. If we Repent of all sin and not retain any one but hate sin unfainedly in our selves and others 4. If we truly humble our selves in the sight of God casting our selves down in his presence confessing our own vileness and unworthiness to appear before him Mic. 6.8 5. If we be confident in good Causes and couragious especially in time of peril Prov. 10.9 6. If we be constant and persevere unto the end in well-doing and be resolved never to give over a continued course of Piety till we have finished the course of our Life the pilgrimage of our Misery The infallible Marks whereby to discern the hollowest hearted hypocrite 1. His chiefest care is to seek the pomp and glory of the World to be highly esteemed of others and never regarding the glory of God or what he esteems of him 1 Sam. 15.30 2. Hypocrites are sharp-sighted and have Eagles eyes to observe the behavior and look into the lives of other men but are as blinde in regarding as backward in reforming their own Luke 18.11 Matth. 7.3 4 5. We ought to begin with our selves and end with others 3. They are more curious in the observation of the ancient Traditions of men of the Customs of their Fore-fathers and of Devices of their own then of the holy Statutes and Commandments of Almighty God like the Pharisees Mat. 15. who charge not Christs Disciples with breaking the Laws of God but with transgressing the Ordinances of men which themselves made as Necessary to the Worship of God 4. They are precise in Trisles and loose in Weighty Affairs they binde and lay such
Offences given in Maners when as they which profess true Religion lead lewd and wicked lives and thereby deny what they profess Rom. 2.24 5. Unlawful Christian slight in time of Persecution for though in some cases it may be lawful yet is Subjection simply to be yielded to the punishment of Magistrates for the better witnessing of the Truth though we do not alway tender obedience to their Commands Now to a lawful Christian flight in time of Persecution by a Minister of Gods Word or any other man whatsoever are required these eight Conditions that Gods Name may not be dishonored nor this Commandment broken viz. 1. When there is no hope of doing good by his abode in that place where the Persecution is but otherwise he may fly 2. If the Persecution be personal that is directed against his person particularly then he may use his liberty Publike Persecution is directed against the whole Church 3. If there be in the Pastor a moderation of minde for he must neither be overcome with excessive fear nor through over-much confidence 4. That the Pastor withdraw himself onely for a time not utterly forsake his Charge unless his person be chiefly aymed at in the Persecution 5. If after due tryal and examination he finde not himself sufficiently armed with strength to resist the Extremity 6. If he be expelled or banished by the Magistrate though the Cause be unjust 7. If God offer a lawful way or means of escape and does as it were open a door and give just opportunity to fly 8. If the Danger be not onely suspected surmised and seen afar off but certain and present That we may the better know how to avoid the dishonoring of Gods name by our unlawful flight take notice of the principal signs thereof 1. When God puts into a mans heart the Spirit of Courage and Fortitude whereby he is resolved to abide and stand out against the force of all enemies 2. When a man is apprehended and under the custody of the Magistrate 3. When a man is bound by his Calling or Ministery so as in it he may glorifie God and do good to his Church then he may not fly 4. When God in his Providence cuts off all lawful means and ways of escape he doth then as it were bid that man stay and abide Gods Name is most commonly abused by Swearing we will therefore now speak of Oathes and in the first place know that they are of two sorts 1. Of things past for the discovery of Truth 2. Of things to come for binding a Promise which if made unto God is called a Vow This will be touch'd in the close of this Commandment In an Oath which is of things past three circumstances are required without which the Oath is sinful and vain 1. That the thing whereupon we are about to Swear be not onely true but also that the Truth thereof be certainly known unto us 2. That the thing be of some weight as well to the glory of God as to the love of our Neighbor 3. That the Truth of that thing by any other means cannot be brought to light for otherwise the very Name of God is contemptuously used In an Oath respecting things to come are these five things to be observed 1. That the thing be of some importance for the reverence we have of God 2. That it be just and lawful that we call not God to witness what is contrary to himself 3. That it be in our power else we swear madly or hypocritically 4. That it be of things certain lest we swear with an evil conscience 5. That in time we perform it indeed though it should be never so much to our loss and hindrance There are four distinct things in every Oath 1. An Asseveration of the Truth 2. A Confession of the Omnipotent Presence Wisdom Justice and Truth of God 3. Invocation on God to give Testimony to the Conscience of the Swearer that he speaks but Truth 4. Imprecation whereby man bindes himself to punishment if he swears falsly That we may be careful as it is our duty to use an Oath aright we must consider these six particulars therein viz. 1. What an Oath is It is a solemn Appealing to God whereby we testifie that we speak Truth 2. Who is the Author of it That is God himself by whom alone we are to Swear 3. The parts of an Oath whereof it consisteth viz. 1. Confirmation of a Truth that cannot else be known but by our Oath 2. Invocation of Gods Name who is witness of the Truth and a Judge to be avenged of us if we lye 3. Confession that God punisheth Perjury either expressed or implied openly or secretly which Confession is threefold 1. A man confesses that which he swears is true in his Conscience 2. That God is a witness not onely of his outward action and speech but also of his particular Conscience 3. That God is an Omnipotent Judge of all and of him that sweareth able to justifie him if he swear truly or to condemn him eternally if otherwise 4. An Obligation binding us to the punishment if we perform not the Condition 5. Imprecation or Prayer to God for these two things 1. That God would be a witness with him that sweareth to testifie that he sweareth truly and according to his Conscience So did Paul Rom. 9.1 2. That God would become a Judge to curse him with eternal death if he sweareth falsly 2 Cor. 1.23 4. The form or maner that is to be observed in our Swearing that is 1. In Truth lest we make God a lyar which respecteth two things 1. The matter whereto we swear for God may not be called to be a witness to a lye 2. The minde of him that sweareth for his Oath must be according to his minde without fraud or deceit with intent to perform his Promises 2. In Justice or Righteousness lest we commit impiety which also respecteth two things 1. The thing sworn to which must be just and lawful and according to Gods Word 2. The Conscience of the Swearer for a man must not swear for a Trifle though the thing be true but either by the Authority of the Magistrate or upon some necessary occurrent of his lawful Calling for light matters are not a just cause of an Oath 3. In Judgement lest he be rash and heady even in so weighty a matter I say in Judgement 1. Of the Oath to know the nature of an Oath and to be able to judge of the matter whereabout he sweareth and also to discern rightly of the persons before whom of time place and other circumstances 2. Of his own Person to see in his Conscience whether he be fit to take an Oath and thereby to worship and glorifie God for the Fear of God and Swearing by his Name are joyned together Deut. 10.20 So that a prophane man that hath not the fear of God in his heart ought not to Swear 5. The Ends of an oath
and Traditions are ordinarily better observed and more regarded then this Commandment of God The people indeed would rather go to Church then to work but to carnal Delights and Recreations rather then either forgetting the Memento wherewith the Lord more specially commands as well due preparation before as unsophisticate performance in the actual celebration of this holiest of days Such as make no conscience to take the Lords day from him are Spiritual Thieves and meddle with that which is not their own never considering the wrong and injury that they offer unto the Almighty God rested on the Seventh day that is he ceased to create any New parts of the World as being now perfect and such as he would have it to be Good Reason therefore had the Lord of this day on pain of Eternal death of Body and Soul in Hell the place of the Damned strictly to charge and command that every Soul keep this whole day holy to his glory How dares then any creature-Man think his own thoughts speak his own words or do his own works on this glorious day Isa 58.13 the Lords own holy day He that walks away this day in vain Discourse idle Pastimes and sinful Recreations steps every step he thus prophanely steps one step forward to Eternal Death He that gathered but Sticks thereon was stoned to death because he had not kept that Statute which God had enacted as by solemn Proclamation That all sorts that profess themselves his Servants should wait upon him on the Sabbath It was Christs own custom to preach the Gospel in the Synagogues on this day so also the Disciples Acts 20.17 17.1 2. 1 Cor. 16.11 The Doors of the Temple were shut the six days but opened from morning until the evening upon the Seventh day Ezek. 46.1 2. And this sanctifying of the Lords day is a Moral Duty and bindes perpetually otherwise we should have but Nine Commandments whereas they are often called the Ten Words Exod. 34.28 Deut. 14.13 10.4 And Christ came not to destroy but to fulfil and keep the Law Mat. 5.17 Know then we may not make this day a day of vain pleasures and carnal delights a day of Sports and Recreations thinking it sufficient if we follow not the works of our Calling neither may we on this day go or ride about our worldly matters to buy bargain sell and talk with others robbing God of his day to spare one of our own neither is it sufficient to observe onely so much of this day as is enjoyned by Laws and Injunctions of men and prophane the rest of it thereby dividing the Lords day between God and our selves And every sin is so much the greater by how much less the thing is for which men sin I say the less the thing is for which a man will sin and transgress the Law of God the greater always is his sin because the greater is his contempt of God Thus was it with him that gathered Sticks on the Sabbath day and was stoned to death for his pains And thus it is with such as recreate away the Sabbath by walking the Fields who offend God more therein then he that worketh thereon in his Calling for his Necessity Yet here by the way we are to beware of a Jewish Superstition which Christ often refutes in the Gospel that is to think it unlawful to perform on the Sabbath day whatsoever works belonging to the necessity either of his own life or of others for by the end of the Commandment it appears That such works onely are forbidden as hinder the Exercise of the Ministery of Gods Word The parts of this Commandment are two viz. 1. The Commandment That the Sabbath be sanctified that is that it self viz. the Seventh day be allotted for Gods Service Gen. 2.3 Exod. 20.11 16.26 20.10 2. The Reason of the Commandment drawn from Gods Rest on the Seventh day after the Creation and his hallowing thereof Remember to keep holy the Sabbath day that is with great care and Religion and that for these Reasons 1. Because the breach and violating of the Sabbath is the breach and violating of the whole Worship of God for the neglect of the Ministery soon corrupts the whole Doctrine and Worship of God 2. Because by the exacting of this Typical Sabbath God would signifie the greatness and necessity of the Spiritual Sabbath 3. Because God will have the external Sabbath to serve for the beginning and perfecting of the Spiritual Sabbath in us In this Commandment we are commanded to keep holy the Sabbath day which is done 1. By preparing our selves by Prayer and emptying our hearts of sin 2. By assembling together to Pray unto God to Praise him to hear his holy Word and to Receive the blessed Sacraments 3. By meditating upon Gods Works and the Word which we have heard suffering it so to work in us as that we may be furthered in all holiness of life 4. By collecting and distributing to the Poor by visting the sick and reconciling dissentions among Neighbors In this Commandment is forbidden all Prophaning of the Sabbath which is 1. By doing worldly works which are not of present necessity by journeying about worldly Affairs idle resting or absenting our selves from the publike Duties of Gods Word and Worship 2. By forgetfulness of the Sabbath upon the six days by which we often bring upon our selves a necessity of prophaning the same 3. When being Parents or Governors we leave such as are under our charge to their liberty upon that day The Reasons of this Commandment are 1. Partly expressed therein and are taken 1. From the Lords Example who rested the Seventh day from all his works of Creation 2. From his Blessing inseparably linked unto the hallowing of this day 2. Partly enfolded therein are these 1. The Law of the Sabbath is Ancient and was of force in Paradice before Mans Fall 2. Because it is most Equal the Lord allowing us six days to labor in 3. Because the Seventh is the Lords peculiar day so that without Sacriledge we cannot any way prophane it God will have all our children and family to cease from their labors on this day for two causes 1. That these also may be brought up by their Parents and Masters in the service of God and may be admitted unto the Ministery of the Church 2. Because he will have especially on the Sabbath day Love and Bountifulness towards our Neighbors to be shewed and seen in the Church Strangers also are commanded to intermit their labors and that if they were converted to true Religion because they were of the houshold of the Church if they were Infidels it is commanded them not in respect of themselves but in respect of the Israelites and that especially for these two Reasons 1. Lest by their ill Example they should give offence unto the Church 2. Lest their liberty might be an occasion to the Jews to accomplish by them those labors which it was
the wealth and peace of their people like Mordecai 2. Of Ministers is to make themselves Servants unto their people not seeking their own profit but the profit of many that they may be saved as Paul 1 Cor. 9.19 10.33 3. Of Fathers is to educate their Children in the Fear of God taking heed that they give them no evil Example nor provoke them to wrath Prov. 4.3 4. 4. Of Husbands is to dwell with their wives according to knowledge giving honor to the wife as to the weaker vessel like Abraham Gen. 6.16 5. Of Masters is to do that which is just and equal to their Servants as the Centurion Luk. 7.2 for they as well as their Servants are bound to duty 1. By Gods Law for it expresly enjoyneth many Duties to Masters 2. By the Law of Nature which hath tyed as well the one as the other to do as well as receive good 3. By the Law of Nations as appears by divers particular Laws established for this purpose 4. By the Law of Equity for one good deserveth another 6. Of every one is to be of like affection one towards another by serving one another in love according to the Apoliles Rule Rom. 12.16 Gal. 5.13 7. Of our selves towards our selves is 1. To honor God in all our ways 1 Sam. 2.30 2. To keep our Bodies that they be not made the instruments of sin 1 Thess 4.4 5 The common Vertues of this Fifth Commandment viz. 1. That General Justice which is Obedience according to all Laws that appertain unto all in respect of every ones Vocation and Calling 2. The Particular Distributive Justice which keepeth a proportion in distributing of Offices and Rewards or which is a vertue giving every one his own Rom. 13.7 3. Sedulity or Diligence or Fidelity which is a vertue in a man well knowing and understanding those parts which belong properly to his own duty and office examining them and doing according to Gods Commandment those things that belong unto him constantly continually studiously willingly faithfully and chearfully 4. Gravity which is a vertue that observeth that which becometh a mans person and sheweth a constancy and squareness in words deeds and gestures that thereby we may maintain our good estimation or authority that our Calling be not reproached 5. Modesty being a vertue which hath near affinity whereby a man knowing his own imbecility and considering his place and calling wherein he is placed by God keepeth a mean and conveniency of person in opinion and in speech of himself in actions and in behavior that giving no more to our selves then becometh us we may give to others what is theirs Humility and Modesty differ onely in the end for as Modesty is towards men so Humility is towards God Gal. 6.3 6. Love or Tender Affection towards our Kindred or near Allies of Blood 7. Thankfulness which is a vertue consisting of Truth and Justice acknowledging from whom what and how great benefits we have received desiring to return mutual duties honest and possible 8. Equity which is a vertue mitigating upon good cause the rigor of strict Justice in punishing and taxing others offences patiently bearing with some such errors and defects as do not enormously harm the publike safety or the private welfare of our Neighbors and covering and correcting such vices of others or endeavoring to heal and cure them God annexeth a Promise of this Commandment for these Reasons 1. To signifie how greatly he esteemeth that Obedience and how grievously he will punish those who do against this Obedience 2. To signifie how Necessary this Obedience is and so much the more to invite us to the observing and keeping thereof This Commandment hath a Promise of Outward Temporal Prosperity annexed to the performance of it which though to the wicked does by meer consequence through the Abuse of it turn to evil yet to the godly it is a Blessing and Fruit of Gods Love as appears by these Reasons 1. It is good as it was at first made and ordained of God Gen. 1.31 2. It tends to mans good if it be rightly used 3. It was bestowed on man before he had offended Gen. 2.8 4. It is a Promise of God to them that fear him and keep his Commandments Levit. 26.4 c. 5. The Saints have prayed and been thankful for it Gen. 28.20 6. The contrary was first inflicted as a punishment of sin and is often threatned as a token of Gods wrath which accordingly hath been often inflicted on Transgressors Lev. 26.15 who meritoriously have incurred it This Promise of long life includes a Blessing of all earthly things Now there is a Right to earthly things two ways or the Right unto the Earth is twofold 1. Civil which stands good before men by their Laws and Customs Thus men are called Lords of their Land and so the Turk at this day is a mighty Lord of a great part of the whole World 2. Spiritual which is warrantable and approved with God himself Such Right and Title had Adam to all the World before his Fall which he lost by his Sin both from himself and all his Posterity but yet in Christ the same is recovered to all the Elect In regard of this Right the Meek are said to inherit the Earth Mat. 5.5 So that it is most evident the Turk and all Unbelievers and ungodly persons are but Usurpers of those things which otherwise Civilly they do lawfully possess For all our Right to the Earth was lost in Adam and is onely recovered by Christ so that till we have our part in him we cannot justly with a good Conscience possess any part of the Earth for he is Prince of the Kings of the Earth Rev. 1.5 and the High Lord of all the World Though long life be here promised as a Blessing yet may the Righteous have their days shortned for their good as in these and such like respects 1. That they may be taken from the evil to come 1 Kings 14.13 2. That they might be made an example to others 1 Kings 13.24 3. That by a temporal death eternal Condemnation might be avoided 1 Cor. 11.32 4. That their chiefest and greatest Reward might be hastned Gen. 5.24 Heb. 11.5 The Promise of long life and Prosperity is not so appropriated to this kinde of Righteousness as if it appertained to no other but in these and such like particular respects 1. Because Obedience to Parents is one of the surest evidences of our conformity to the whole Law and a good foundation for the performing of all duties to man 2. Because Performance of duties to Parents is a special means under God of prospering and living long whereas rebellious children hasten their own sad ends 3. Because Parents are a special means to procure the welfare and long life of their children partly by provident care and partly by fervent and frequent Prayer 4. Because Disobedience draweth down much mischief on the heads of children and many ways doth often
became obedient to the death even that ignominious death of the Cross and shall not we suffer an ignominious life by Poverty without making it more ignominious by Theft Usury is a main breach of this Commandment as being a Gain exacted by Covenant above the Principal onely in lieu and recompence of lending it and being thus considered it is quite contrary to Gods Word yet is it lawful sometimes to take above the Principal but with these conditions viz. 1. If a man take heed that he exact nothing but that which his Debter can get by good and lawful means 2. He may not take more then the gain nay not all the gain nor that part of the gain which drinks up the living of him which useth the Money 3. He must sometimes be so far from taking gain that he must not require the Principal if his Debter be by inevitable and just casualties impoverished and it be also plain that he could not make no not by great diligence any commodity of the Money borrowed Reasons why a man may sometimes take above the Principal viz. 1. That which the Debter may give having himself an honest gain besides and no man any ways endamaged that the Creditor may safely receive 2. It is convenient that he which hath money lent him and gaineth by it should shew all possible gratitude to him by whose goods he is enriched 3. It is often for the benefit of the Creditor to have the goods in his own hands which he lent whereby he is prejudiced by the forbearance and therefore may justly expect not exact reparation from the Rich not the Poor Lending is twofold viz. 1. Of Due which is the Loan of the Rich to the Poor when his Necessity compels him to borrow and for this a man cannot with good conscience take any encrease 2. Of Courtesie when one rich friend lends unto another this is left to a mans own liberty and discretion and hath not any particular Promise of Reward not in this case is all taking of Encrease simply condemned even for these Reasons in these cases 1. When the encrease is given onely in way of thankfulness for ingratitude is abhorred of all and the Law of Natures requires to do good for good and all Divines allow this kinde of encrease 2. When a man sustaineth damage by his lending he may receive encrease by way of Satisfaction for his loss 3. When a man is contented to adventure his Principal in the hand of him that borroweth it like as a man may receive hire for his Horse or other goods standing to the loss Exod. 22.14 Three general Rules set down by Paul Rom. 14. to direct us in all our actions that we commit not this or any other sin viz. 1. He is happy that condemneth not himself in the use of those things which he knoweth to be lawful This concerneth those that be strong 2. No man must do any thing with a doubtful Conscience for such a one woundeth his own Conscience and offendeth God though perhaps the thing be in it self good which he doth Rom. 14.23 Such a one doth many good things that do displease God which would please him if they were well and rightly done This Rule belongeth to the weak 3. Whatsoever proceedeth not from Faith is a sin committed against God and condemneth him that doth it forasmuch as without Faith its impossible to please God Heb. 11.6 And this Rule engendereth two others viz. 1. Whatsoever proceedeth from meer Naturals whatsoever cometh from the force of any free will in us is sin in the sight of God 2. All the Vertues and actions of the Infidels and Unbelievers though in the substance of the works and as they are the gifts of God they are not evil but good yet in the Judgement of God they are sins Corruption of judgement being also another main breach of this Commandment See to it ye Great Ones and know That Judgement is corrupted four ways viz. 1. Through Fear when we dread to pronounce Truth for fear of offending great persons So did Pilate wrest the Law and sin against his own Conscience for fear of Herod 2. Through Covetousness when we are corrupted by Bribes and hired for Money which blinde the eyes of the wise So did Felix gape after gain and look for Rewards Acts 24.26 3. Through Hatred and Malice for as Naboths Vineyard was Ahabs Sickness so he dealt corruptly with Michaiah because he hated him and could not abide him 1 Kings 22.8 27. 4. Through Favor and Affection when we seek to gratifie or pleasure our Kinsmen or Acquaintance as Pilate did to please Herod In this sense it is that the Lord will not have even the poor man countenanced in his cause Exod. 23.3 The sins forbidden in this Commandment viz. 1. Inordinate living whether it be in no set Calling or idly wherein by neglecting their duties such persons mis-spend their time goods and revenues 2 Thess 3.11 Gen. 3.19 1 Tim. 5.8 2. Unjust dealing in heart which is called Covetousness Mat. 15.19 3. Unjust dealing in deed which is either in bargaining or out of bargaining Unjust dealing in bargaining hath many branches viz. 1. To sell and bargain for that which is not saleable 2. All coloured forgery and deceit in bargaining as using forged cavillation Luke 19.8 or when men sell that which is counterfeit for good as Copper for Gold and mingle any ways bad with good making shew onely of the good Amos 8.4 5 6. by mixture of base things of little or no value with things of price in the sale thereof or by setting a counterfeit gloss on imperfect Ware by sophisticating any Wares or using false lights or slights 3. By false Weights and Measures This is an abomination to the Lord Deut. 25.13 14 16. Lev. 19.35 36. Amos 8.4 4. By over-reaching the Buyer by dissembling lying and extolling speeches when the Ware is unworthy or when the Buyer concealeth the goodness of the thing or the Seller the faults of it and blindefoldeth the Truth with counterfeit speeches Mat. 7.12 Prov. 20.14 5. By Factions when as two or three compact together by offering to buy what they intend not to deceive him that intendeth to buy indeed 6. When in buying and selling the people are oppressed as by raising the just price of things by inhancing the price by reason of a set day for payment by Ingrossing or Monopolizing any Commodity by becoming Bankrupt to be enriched by the damages and goods of other men 7. By not restoring that which was lent pledg'd or found Ezek. 18.7 by delaying any kinde of Restitution from one day to another Prov. 3.18 Psal 37.21 or by practising Usury Psal 15.5 Exod. 22.25 or by detaining the laborers wages Jam. 5.4 4. Unjust dealing out of bargaining is likewise manifold viz. 1. To pronounce false Sentence or Judgement for a Reward either proffer'd or promised Isa 1.23 This is the Lawyers and the Judges sin 2. To feed or clothe stout
And this way were we Redeemed by Christ for the Devil did hold us Captive by right for Sin till Christ paid his Blood Eph. 1.7 Col. 1.14 Christ is said to Redeem us three ways viz. 1. Because he alone is both God and Man so is neither the Father nor the Holy Ghost which was necessary to the Work of our Redemption Acts 20.28 2. He alone was appointed of the Father to work our Redemption Heb. 3.2 3. In the Redeemer two things are required viz. 1. Power and ability to encounter and overcome the Enemy This power was in Christ 2. The right of Redemption which is twofold viz. 1. The Right of Propriety This Right Christ hath in us as True God it belonging to the whole Trinity 2. The Right of Propinquity and this Christ hath as True Man and this he hath alone Christ taketh away our sins three ways viz. 1. By Imputation whereby our sins become his and his Righteousness made ours 2 Cor. 5.21 2. By Expiation and Propitiation whereby he removed them out of the sight of God 1 Joh. 2.23 3. By Mortification thereby removing them from us in this life and in death by perfect Sanctification Or thus Christs Blood doth save us from all sin 1. By Expiation which is the satisfying of Gods Wrath due to sin by bearing the heavy burthen thereof Phil. 1.8 He laid down his life for us 1 Joh. 3.16 2. By Sanctification which is the virtual diffusing of his Blood in our hearts and in every corner thereof by the working of his Holy Spirit to the cleansing of them from sin so as it hath no more dominion over us Rom. 6.3 This Redemption by Christ is Eternal in two respects 1. In regard of Eternal Predestination which was before the Foundation of the world 2. In regard that the vertue of this Redemption doth extend it self from the beginning of the world unto the end thereof neither is there any other to be looked for In this doctrine of Redemption consider 1. Who are Redeemed and they onely the Elect of all sorts of people both before and since the coming of Christ 2. Who hath Redeemed us that is Christ alone the onely-Mediator between God and us as being the onely Head of the Church 3. That this Redemption is Spiritual from sin the cause of Death Eternal and from Satan the Author of Sin and all the ill consequents of sin 4. Onely by the Blood of Christ the onely purgation from sin 5. The cause moving Christ thus to Redeem us which was the riches of his Grace Christ Jesus hath made an Atonement between God and us by his Blood and is thereby become our Advocate and Redeemer 1. Because thereby God is well pleased and his wrath appeased so that he accounteth Christs Death as a full Price and sufficient Ransom paid for our sins Mat. 3.17 Eph. 5.2 2. Christ took the whole burthen of our sins upon his shoulders presenting himself before God in our person and offering us to God in his person So that he took upon him our Unrighteousness and imputed to us his Righteousness Isa 53.4 12. 3. There could otherwise be no Remission of sins So that it is the Blood of Christ in the Suffering of the Cross that purgeth away our sins Heb. 9.22 4. Nothing but the Death of Christ could quench the scorching wrath of God as a consuming fire kindled against us and countervail his severe Justice Heb. 9.5 In that Christ is said to be the lamb slain from the beginning of the world is signified 1. That he is in respect of the Application of his Merit a perpetual Sacrifice satisfactory although the slaying it self is at a certain time 2. He was slain typically from all Ages in Types and Figures which did shadow forth his Death to the life 3. He was slain from the beginning in his Members the Saints as Abel the Prophets c. 4. By the Eternal Decree of God the Father he should expiate the sins of the world The Doctrine of the Eternity of Christs Redemption is a threefold Use 1. Not to doubt of the Salvation of the Fathers in the Old Testament before Christ came 2. Not to Judge Censure or Condemn our Brethren 3. Not to despair of Gods Mercy The delivery we have by Christs Redemption is fourfold or Christ hath Redeemed us from a fourfold Bondage viz. 1. From the Bondage of Blindeness and Ignorance by the light of his holy Spirit Ezek. 18.2 Tit. 3.3 2. From the Bondage of Sin enduing us with a lively Faith and regenerating us From Sin which is the perfect both pardoning of Sin that it may not for ever be imputed and also abolishing of it in us by Regeneration or Newness of life which is begun here but to be perfected in the world to come 3. From the Bondage of Death and Corruption by the work of his Redemption Rom. 8.21 1 Cor. 15.54 From Death both from Desperation or the Feeling of Gods Wrath which being in the wicked here begun shall continue everlastingly and from Corporal Death and all Calamities and Miseries by our Resurrection and Glorification 4. From the Bondage of the Law by taking away the exaction and strict urging of perfect obedience Gal. 3.13 The use that we are to make of our Redemption 1. To hate loath and detest all sin whatsoever 2. To glorifie Christ both in Soul and in Body 3. To live wholly unto him not to our selves 4. To take heed of defiling our selves again with sin 5. To love Christ unfeignedly willingly perpetually 6. To live and walk as becometh those that are Redeemed The use that we are to make of the Freeness of Christs Redeeming us without any desert of ours viz. 1. Not to abuse Gods Mercy by Carnal Presumption 2. To accept of it and Repent more speedily 3. Never to Despair of this Mercy finally and totally 4. To give all possible Praise and Thanks for ever for this unspeakable Mercy V. VOcation is that General Calling whereby a man is called out of the world to be a Childe of God a Member of Christ and Heir of the Kingdom of Heaven This Calling belongs to every one within the compass of the Church not any one excepted for this General Calling is the Calling of Christianity which is common to all that live in the Church of God An effectual Calling or a Calling to Grace effectually is whereby a sinner being severed from the world is entertained into Gods Family Eph. 2.17 19. Now though all the Called are Members of Christ yet we must know That of the Members of Christ some are living some dying A living Member of Christ is every one Elected which being ingrafted by Faith and the Spirit into Christ doth feel and shew forth the power of Christ in him A dying or decaying Member is every one truly ingrafted into Christ who hath no feeling of the power and efficacy of the quickning Spirit in him he is like to a benumm'd Leg without Sense which indeed
is a part of mans body and yet receiveth no nourishment They who are effectually called are onely the Elect for whom God Electeth them he calleth in the time appointed for the same purpose This Calling of the Elect being nothing else but a singling and a severing of them out of this vile world and the customs thereof 2 Thess 2.13 14. to be Citizens of the Kingdom of Glory after this life Eph. 2.19 And this severing or chusing of the Elect out of the world is then performed when God by his holy Spirit endueth them with true saving Faith Col. 2.7 Joh. 15.19 This effectual Calling to Christ and to his Gospel in which the Elect are onely called is a benefit and effect of our Predestination because it is by the Purpose and Grace of God which is given us in Christ 2 Tim. 1.9 Rom. 8.30 it is not Universal to all for Christ is Hidden Manna Rev. 2.17 therefore effectual Vocation is definite and particular and those onely whom God had before predestinate them he called Rom. 30. So many as were ordained to life everlasting believed Acts 13.48 that is were called unto the faith It is not given to all to understand the mysteries of the kingdom Mat. 13.11 These things are hid from most of the wise of the world and revealed unto Babes Mat. 11.25 All therefore are not called effectually The Calling of God is threefold viz. 1. Gods general Calling whereby he calleth all men to Repentance by the Gospel and so to life Eternal Rom. 8.30 11.29 2. His particular Calling when he calleth and assigneth men to some particular estate and duty in Family Church or Common-wealth 3. God calleth some men to some private personal Duty which he designeth not to others but to be done by them alone Such a Calling had he assigned him that would needs be perfect Go sell all that thou hast c. And to Abraham when he called him to leave his Countrey his Kindred his Lands and Possessions c. Heb. 11.8 For the better conceiving of the Nature of Effectual Vocation consider these 6 Points viz. 1. The Ground and Foundation of it namely Gods eternal free Election of us unto life Everlasting 2 Tim. 1.9 2. The means thereof both Preparing Instrumental 1. The Reading of the Scripture serving to beget a general Historical Faith 2. Afflictions in Body Goods Name Friends or otherwise tending to humble a man and prepare his heart as soft ground 3. The denouncing of Gods Judgements and Threats of the Law 4. The Preaching of the glad Tidings of the Gospel which is the most principal and effectual means of this special and effectual Vocation 2 Thess 2.14 3. The Persons that are called those are mentioned Rom. 30. namely those whom he had before predestinated 4. The Time of this Calling The particular time of any mans Calling is not revealed but laid up in the Secret Counsel of God in whose hands Times and Seasons are some at the Sixth hour some at the Ninth and others at the Eleventh c. Defer not therefore but accept the Acceptable time 5. Wherein this effectual Calling doth consist viz. both in the outward and inward Calling especially in the inward when the heart is pierced Psal 40.6 from stone changed into a heart of flesh made tractable and plyable Ezek 11.19 a heart like that of Lydia's Acts 16.15 6. The Excellency of this Calling being a great work as was the Creation of man at first Rom. 4.18 2 Cor. 4.6 yea this effectual Calling goes beyond the work of our Creation for here a man is taken out of the first Adam and set into the second in the Creation God onely called things that were not as though they were but here God calls not onely things that are not but things that would not and refuse to be To raise a man out of the Blood of Christ is more then to raise Eve out of Adams side to raise a dead Soul from the death of Sin far more glorious and powerful then to raise a dead body from bodily death to raise a man to supernatural life far greater then to a Natural onely The means whereby God executeth this effectual Calling viz. 1. The Saving Hearing of the Word of God that is when the Word preached comes savingly to one dead in his sins and does not so much as dream of his Salvation Ezek. 16.6 Isa 55.1 John 1.12 Rom. 7.7 1 Joh. 2.27 Acts 16.14 Psal 40.6 2. The Mollifying of the Heart which must be bruised in pieces that it may be fit to receive Gods Saving Grace offered unto it Ezek. 11.19 The heart is mollified by the Spirit of God and bruised by the knowledge of the Law of Sin and the Punishment due for Sin by a feeling of the Wrath of God for the same sins and by a holy desperation of a mans own power in the obtaining of eternal life Acts 2.37 3. Faith which is a miraculous and supernatural Faculty of the heart apprehending Christ being applied by the operation of the Holy Ghost and receiving him to it self Joh. 1.12 The main duty of a Christian Calling are most chiefly these 1. Invocation of the Name of God in Christ Acts 9.14 1 Cor. 1.2 2. As much as possible we can to further the good estate of the true Church of God Psal 122.6 3. That every one become a Servant to his Brother in all the duties of Love 1 Cor. 9.19 Gal. 5.13 4. To walk worthy that Calling whereto God hath called us Eph. 4.1 The use we are to make of Gods Calling viz. 1. Seeing we are called of God himself in the Ministery of the Word we must labor to joyn the inward Calling with it which is higher then that by having first a grief because we cannot believe next a ready minde then an endeavor to believe and lastly a sorrow because we believe no more and fail so much in the Service of God 2. We must walk worthy of our Calling being holy in our conversation as he that hath called us is holy and there must be the same end of our lives which is of Gods Calling that is to bring us to Heaven The end of our being in the world is to be called out of the world VI. JVstification is that benefit whereby God doth pardon and forgive us all our sins for Christs sake and doth acquit us and absolve us from the guilt of them and doth accept us as Righteous before him in Christ So that Justification is the Absolving of a sinner believing in Christ from sin and the guilt thereof and the Imputation of the Righteousness of Christ unto him and the Acceptation to Life Eternal freely for the Merits of Christ with application of Christ on our part by Faith The Papists say That Faith and Works both are required to Justifie we say That nothing is required but Faith and that Works follow Faith They say Faith and Works we say Faith onely but it must be an effectual Faith
excellency of Gods Gifts 7. If our Works should merit Christ should not be a perfect Savior nor Heaven purchased for us by his Blood onely which now to affirm is To Crucifie him worse then the Jews did Good Works cannot justifie us for these Reasons viz. 1. Because our best works yea the works of the Saints are not perfectly good and pure and that for these Reasons viz. 1. We do many things we should not and omit many things we should do 2. We mingle evil with the good we should do or we do good but we do it ill The thing done may be good but not the maner of doing it 3. The Saints which do good works do many things which are sins in themselves and so deserve to be outed of Gods favor Deut. 27.26 4. Because there is not that degree of Goodness in these good works that proceed from the Saints which ought to be or as God requireth 2. Though they were perfect yet are they due and debt so that we cannot satisfie by them 3. They are Temporary and bear not proportion with Eternal Blessings 4. They are Effects of Justification therefore no Cause thereof 5. They are excluded that we might not have whereof to glory 6. If they were part of our Justification our Consciences should be destitute of stable and certain Comfort 7. Christ should have dyed in vain and have risen in vain not to our Justification if we could have been justified by Works That justifying Faith which is required in every good work hath a double use in the causing thereof 1. It gives the beginning to a good work renewing the Minde Will and Affections of the worker whence the work proceedeth as pure water from a cleansed Fountain 2. It covereth the wants that be in good works for the best work done by man in this life is imperfect but hereby both the person of the worker is accepted and the imperfection of his work covered in the sight of God All these are excluded from being good works viz. 1. Which are sins in themselves and repugnant to Gods Law and his VVill revealed in his most sacred VVord 2. VVhich are not repugnant to the Law neither in themselves good or evil but which may yet by an accident be made good or evil 3. VVhich are good in themselves and commanded by God but yet are made sins by an accident in that they are unlawfully done or not as they ought to be How the works of the Regenerate and Unregenerate differ viz. 1. The works of the Unregenerate proceed not from Faith as those of the Regenerate do 2. The works of the Unregenerate are not joyned with an inward Obedience and therefore are done dissemblingly and are meer Hypocrisie but it is far otherwise with the Regenerate 3. As the works of the Unregenerate proceed not from the right cause so are they not referred to the chief end which is Gods Glory but in both these the works of the Regenerate are rightly and truly qualified Though the works of the most Regenerate yea his best works are good onely in part not perfectly because he is not wholly Spirit and no Flesh yet God approves of them And therefore we must again consider Good VVorks two ways viz. 1. In themselves as they are compared with the Law and the rigor thereof and so they are sins because they answer not to that perfection which the Law requireth for there be two degrees of Sin viz. 1. Rebellions which are Actions flatly against the Law 2. Defects when a man doth those things the Law commandeth but faileth in the maner of doing and so mans best works are sins 2. As they are done by a person Regenerate and reconciled to God in Christ and so God accepts of them for in Christ the wants of them are covered The Benefit of putting and keeping on the Holy Spiritual Brest-plate of Righteousness which is Good VVorks viz. 1. It keepeth us from being mortally wounded for so long as we retain a true purpose and faithful endeavor answerable thereto we shall never give our selves over to commit sin and iniquity 2. It bringeth great Assurance of our Effectual Calling and Spiritual Union with Christ yea even of our Election and Salvation Eph. 1.4 1 Joh. 2.29 3. It procureth us a good name in Gods Church while we live 2 Cor. 8.18 and a blessed Memory after we are dead Prov. 10.7 4. It confirmeth the Truth of Religion and so it may be a means to win such as are without 1 Pet. 3.1 to strengthen those that stand 1 Thess 1.6 7. and to stir up all to an holy emulation 2 Cor. 9.2 5. It doth highly honor God and occasion others to glorifie him Mat. 5.16 That we may be moved to the doing of Good Works and to live righteously observe here the blessed fruit and issue thereof as it is declared in Scripture viz. 1. Generally that the Lord loveth Righteousness Psal 11.7 that verily there is a Reward for the Righteous Psal 58.11 that Blessings are on the head of the Righteous c. Prov. 10.6 2. Particularly for the Righteous person himself viz. 1. In this Life the eyes of the Lord are upon the Righteous Psal 34.15 God will grant their desire Prov. 10.24 he delivereth them out of all trouble Psal 34.19 they shall never be forsaken Psal 37.25 they shall flourish like a Palm-tree Psal 92.12 c. 2. At their Death when they have hope Prov. 14.32 and are taken from the evil to come Isa 57.1 3. After Death their Memorial shall be blessed Prov. 10.7 in everlasting remembrance Psal 112.6 4. At the Resurrection they shall go into Life Eternal Mat. 25.46 They shall shine as the Sun in the Kingdom of their Father Matth. 11.43 5. For their Posterity The Generation of the Righteous shall be blessed Psal 112.2 Their seed shall not beg their bread c. Psa 37.25 XIII REpentance is a constant turning from all sin unto God or an inward sorrowing and continually mourning for sin joyned with Faith and Humiliation and both inward and outward amendment It is an aversion or turning from all a mans sins and a reversion or turning again unto God with all our Hearts Or Repentance is an unfained sorrow for and hatred of sin with an earnest Love of Righteousness by the which we are continually stirred up to abhor our Vices and are moved to do good Works not for fear of punishment or hope of reward but for that love we bear towards God that with a joyful heart we are moved to his Obedience and with grief go astray from his Commandments A Godly sorrow whereby a man is grieved for his sins because they are sins is the beginning of Repentance and indeed for substance it is Repentance it self So a desire to repent and believe in a touched Heart and Conscience is Faith and Repentance it self though not in Nature yet in Gods acceptation for in them that have Grace God accepteth the will for the
and turn unto God Ezek. 18.13 4. Our Repentance must be speedy and always so long as we live Matth. 24.13 Revel 2.10 No man ought to defer his Repentance on this ground That Christ was merciful to the Thief at his death Luk. 23.43 For 1. That one example is recorded that none should utterly despair 2. Onely that one that none should presume 3. It cannot be proved that he put off his Repentance to that day 4. It is not safe to make an extraordinary Action as this was a patern For Christ did miraculously work on that thief to give in that moment of his Humiliation an evidence of his divine Power Reasons why we ought to hasten our Repentance viz. 1. Because we are uncertain of the means not knowing whether God will offer the same to morrow or no. 2. Because we are most uncertain of our lives 3. Because the longer we live having not repented we get the greater measure of sin Sin by custom becometh stronger and our selves the weaker thereby to repent thereof 4. Otherwise we provoke Gods wrath against us and cause him to remove the means from us We must witness our Repentance by acknowledging our particular sins and trespasses for these Reasons viz. 1. Because Repentance onely made generally and confusedly is never true but a common and hypocritical Repentance of one resolved and setled to continue in sin and not yet touched with a true feeling thereof Indeed for unknown sins which we in weakness and ignorance commit the Lord accepteth a general confession and acknowledgement which no doubt may be said of the poligamy or marrying of many Wives and other daily infirmities provided we daily renew our Repentance for all known sins and lead the whole course of our lives penitentially 2. Because we must make a particular account to God at the hour of death not a general one of gross sins onely but a particular one of all specials also The true signs of sound Repentance viz. 1. Care to avoid all sin as well as any one not for fear but love not because man but God commandeth a diligent care study and endeavor to amend what is amiss and to labor to practice the contrary Vertue 2. Impatience till we have cleared our selves and made our peace with God for committed sins and a purging of our selves of other mens sins with a clear Conscience in all things 3. A holy Indignation or Anger against our selves and the sins we before took pleasure in either in our selves or others 4. Fear because it is sin fearing to offend God because of his Mercy a filial fear to sin to displease God or to hazard his favor 5. Desire or fervent affection to God to Spiritual things a longing after the Grace of God a thirsting after Christs Righteousness and the sincere Milk of the Word 6. Zeal for God and his Worship which makes us not to perform it perfunctorily a knowing Zeal after Gods Glory a holy Contention or Emulation to exceed in Piety 7. Revenge when we are holily revenged of our selves for our sins by the contrary Vertues a holy Revenge judging and condemning of our selves for our sins in our selves or others by our occasion Motives to true sound Repentance viz. 1. The Commandment of God himself so often urged and repeated Jer. 13.12 8.6 18.11 This was Johns Proclamation in the Wilderness Mat. 3.8 This Doctrine was preached to our Parents in paradice was afterward figured out by Circumcision before the Law and by Purification after the Law Isa 1.16 2. Such as Repent not lie under the bondage of Satan they are as Captives and Prisoners bound to obey his Will and to do him Service 2 Tim. 2.26 3. Such as dye without Repentance remain for ever without Remission and Forgiveness they are lost and must needs perish if they repent not before 2 Pet. 3.9 Luke 13.3 4. The Threatnings denounced and executed upon the Rebellious and Disobedient are made Examples and Admonitions unto us Gods Vengeance justly faln upon others should serve to amend us 1 Cor. 10.6 5. The Certainty and Suddenness of the last and general Judgement What maner of persons ought we therefore to be in holy Conversation and Godliness 6. We must be all led to Repentance by the unspeakable Fruits that follow it as Pardon of Sins Reconciliation with God Peace of Conscience Hearing of our Prayers and in the end Blessedness in the Heavens Ezek. 33.11 7. The Exellency of it which appeareth 1. In the Antiquity of it being the first Sermon in Paradice 2. In the Continuance of it having always been in the Church and shall be to the end 8. The Profit of it which may appear in these five things viz. 1. It freeth us from the Snares and Subtilties of Satan 2 Tim. 2.25 26. 2. It preventeth the Judgement of God in this Temporal life Jonah 3.4 10. 3. It procureth the Mercies of God Temporal Spiritual and Eternal Mal. 3.7 Ezek. 18. 4. It freeth us from Death Spiritual and Eternal 5. It saves our Souls from Death and hides a multitude of Sins Jam. 5.20 9. The Necessity of it because without it we may perish for ever Luke 13.5 3. The means to attain unto repentance viz. 1. A careful diligent profitable and constant Hearing of Gods Word Acts 2.38 41. 2. To beg it at the hands of God by Prayer for it is the gift of God onely Ezek. 36.26 Duties required of us after we have repented viz. 1. We must pray to God to uphold us that we may not fall again into our former Sins and Transgressions 2. We must labor to convert others and be a means for the beating down of Sin in them and for the raising of them up to Newness of Life XIV OBedience is that whereby a man being endued with Faith and Repentance doth accordingly to the measure of Grace received endeavor himself to yield Obedience to all Gods Commandments from all the powers and parts both of his Soul and his Body And this is called New-Obedience because it is a Renewing of that in man whereto he was perfectly enabled by Creation This Obedience much consisteth in observing the Works of Christ which we must not understand of doing them according to the rigor of the Law but of a purpose and endeavor to keep them For this is a Priviledge belonging to all that are in Christ That God accepteth their wills and endeavors of Obedience for perfect Obedience it self whereupon they who have but little knowledge if they have care to get more knowledge make conscience to obey that which they know shall also have the Reward promised for true Religion stands not in Knowledge but in Obedience and this is true Obedience to make Conscience of every sin in our own persons to take heed of the infection of sin in others and to abstain from the appearance of evil and all this not for a day or a year but from time to time in all I say all our
Gospel being preached and men thereby feeling their corruptions like rottenness in their souls may by the blessing of the Spirit be thereby seasoned with Graces and so reconciled unto God and made savory in his sight 3. Salt preserveth meats from putrifaction by drawing out of them superfluous moistness so the Law and the Gospel being continually dispensed sin and corruption may be daily mortified and consumed both in heart and life and expelled thence like superfluous humors In this calling of the Ministery there be especially four kindes of unsavory Salt 1. The blinde watchmen that have no knowledge and dumb dogs that cannot bark Isa 56.10 that is such as either cannot or will not dispense Gods word for the salvation of mens souls 2. Heretical teachers who preach false and damnable doctrine such as doth not season but poyson and destroy the soul Deut. 30.1 2. 2 Tim. 2.17 18. 3. Such as teach indeed true doctrine but misapply the same sowing pillows under the elbows of the wicked having smooth tongues in respect of sin yet are full of close invectives against the better and godlier sort 4. Such who though they teach the truth and generally apply it well do yet lead scandalous lives whereby their unsavory conversation hindreth the seasoning vertue of the word There are six conditions required to the Calling of a Minister 1. That he feel within himself an inward Calling 2. That he be of a good Conversation 3. That he be of sound Doctrine 4. That he be apt to teach 5. That he be lawfully chosen of the Church 6. That he perform his Office diligently toward the flock committed to his charge The properties of godly Pastors 1. They must be diligent to know the state of their flocks and to take heed to their herds Prov. 27.23 24. 2. They must not be discouraged by the ungodly speeches and venomous tongues of wicked men thereby to grow negligent in their functions 3. They must not be afraid of the faces and frowns of men Ezek. 3.8 9. Jer. 1.17 4. They must wisely apply the word to the necessity capacity and understanding of all and giving to every one his portion of Spiritual nourishment in due season In like maner the duties and functions of Ministers are 1. Faithfully to propound and deliver the true and sound Doctrine of God that the Church may know and understand it 2. Rightly to administer the Sacraments 3. To go before and shine unto the Church by the example of Christian life and conversation 4. To give diligent attendance unto their flock 5. To yield their service in such judgements as are expressed by the Church 6. To take care that regard and respect be had of the Poor Ministers must have these three things in some measure at least 1. A care to win the people a desire to convert them and an earnest hunger and thirst after their salvation 2. They must labor earnestly to work their conversion and not cease or hold their peace when they see them untoward but hold on in a constant course 3. They must testifie their sorrow for their people mourn for the hardness of their hearts be heartily grieved to see their unprofitableness Why all Ministers must be proved tryed before they be admitted to this sacred function 1. Because they have the price of the blood of Christ committed unto them Acts 20.28 2. Because there are many subtile deceivers that transform themselves into Angels of light 2 Cor. 11.13 14. 3. The office of Deacons was a function of less duty in the Church yet they were not to be admitted without due tryal and examination Acts 6.3 4. It makes them the more regarded and better accepted ever as the Ministers of Jesus Christ and it will procure more authority to their person 5. It will shut the door of this sacred function against all insufficient and unworthy presumers that run before they are sent The Titles given to Ministers in the holy Scripture whence appears the excellency and the weighty charge of their Function The Salt of the earth The Builders of Christs body The co-workers of God The embassadors of Christ 2 Cor. 5.20 The stewards of the house Tit. 1.7 The fathers of the Church 1 Cor. 4.15 Fishers of men Mat. 4.19 The Ministers of the Spirit 2 Cor. 3.6 The Builders of the Temple The Shepherds of the sheep Eph. 4.11 The Planters and waterers of the Garden 1 Cor. 3.6 7. The Watchmen of the City Ezek. 33.7 Heb. 13.17 The Trumpeters of the Host and Stars of the firmament Rev. 1.20 Dan. 12.3 The Ministers of the Word must be men of sobriety constancy piety humility patience stayedness wisdom judgement diligence courage gravity and moderation of all their affections 1. Because it appears they have many Titles given them in Scripture every one whereof carrieth some instruction and admonition with it to the Conscience 2. Because the Ministery is a high Calling of great importance and worthiness standing up not onely in the place of the people to offer up their prayers to God but in the room of God to declare his will to them 3. Lest their Calling be blemished and their Ministery reprehended if in their profession they adorn not the Gospel by their unblameable walking 4. Because they are to utter the word of wisdom whereby both themselves and their hearers shall be made wise unto salvation They ought principally and in the first place to look to themselves and that for these Reasons 1. Because unless they be doers as well as speakers they utter words with their own tongues that shall condemn themselves not unlike Vriah who carried about him a Letter to further and procure his own death 2. They cannot with comfort and conscience preach to others unless in their own persons they be practisers of those things they teach they may save others themselves they cannot 3. Such as are teachers and not doers do seduce the people pulling down by the left hand of evil life faster then they build up by the right hand of wholesom Doctrine They ought not to withhold the delivery of the word they must not give over though they see no fruit at all to proceed of their labors 1. Because they know not when God may be pleased to bless their labors and hear their prayers and save the souls of those that are rebellious against him 2 Tim. 2.24 25 26. 2. They have the example of God he is patient and beareth long with the vessels of wrath as Christ saith of Jerusalem Mat. 23.37 3. Because they shall have no less recompence if they be fonnd faithful in their Calling then if they had gained many thousand souls unto God 2 Cor. 2.15 4. He that holdeth not out unto the end makes all his former pains prove but lost labor and fails in the discharge of his Calling for the word may be the savor of life unto him though the savor of death unto others that carelesly neglect or obstinately resist the