Affairs at a stand till something were resolved in this point they came in a very full House to this well-qualified Resolution Resolved That this House will transact with the persons now sitting in the Other House as an House of Parliament during this present Parliament And that it is not hereby intended to Exclude such Peers as have been faithful to the Parliament from their priviledge of being duly summoned to be Members of that House The House of Commons between the Protector the Other House and the General Council of Officers now summoned to meet at Wallingford-house may well be conceived at this time to have had a Wolf by the Ears and having shewed themselves English-men and not Slaves had reason to entertain wary Counsels having some of their own Members undermining them without doors and foreseeing a Dissolution though not knowing whether they should die a Violent or Natural death or have a mixt kinde of Disease as it fell out afterwards And therefore they resolved not to own them in the Other House as Lords but called them The persons now sitting in the Other House of Parliament neither would they treat and confer with them in the usual way as with the House of Peers and therefore found out the new word of Transacting and not intending to have to do with them but for a tryal they limited the time to be during this present Parliament which they foresaw would not be long and to Muzzle the new inconsiderable Upstarts sufficiently if they should take too much upon them they asserted the priviledge of the ancient Peers as a good reserve if the Parliament should by the Protector and Army be suffered upon second thoughts to sit longer than was first intended And resolved also That they would receive no Message from those persons sitting in the Other House but by some of their own number The House of Commons by this time had also by a Saving Vote concerning the Fleet asserted their interess in the Militia and had under consideration an Act for taking away all Laws Statutes and Ordinances concerning the Excise and new Impost and concerning Customes Tunnage and Poundage after three years And had vindicated the peoples Liberties by setting Major-General Overton and Mr. Portman and divers others illegally committed by the late Protector at Liberty without paying Fees and declaring their Imprisonment and Detention illegal and unjust and had their Lord-Jaylor Berkstead and others at their Bar under question for the same who was also Arrested upon the Exchange in London at the Suit of the said Overton for false Imprisonment And had also a high resentment of the illegal sending Free-born English-men against their wills to the Barbadoes and other Forrain Plantations and to the Isles of Guernsey and Iersey out of the reach of the Writ of Habeas Corpus and had appointed a strict Bill to be prepared for remedy thereof And had Examined and discovered many other Grievances brought upon the people by the Officers and Farmers of the Excise and others and by Major-Generals amongst which Butler was for his insolent actings and high affronts to the Law and Courts of Justice put out of the Commission of the Peace and a Committee appointed to draw up an Impeachment against him The Committee also for Inspection before-mentioned had brought in and reported to the House the state of the publick Accounts and of the Martial and Civil Lists in the three Nations by which it did appear That the yearly Incomes of England Scotland and Ireland came to Eighteen hundred sixty eight thousand seven hundred and seventeen pounds And the yearly Expences to Two Millions two hundred and one thousand five hundred and forty pounds So that Three hundred thirty two thousand eight hundred twenty three pounds of Debt incurred yearly by the ill management of double the Revenue that ever King of England enjoyed And to maintain the unjust Conquest of Scotland cost us yearly One hundred sixty three thousand six hundred and nineteen pounds more than the Revenue it yielded Many other particulars were under their consideration as to the Religion and Civil Rights of the people too long now to be mentioned but in short to give them their due they did some good whilest they sate both to the publick and particulars and intended much more and did no hurt gave no Offices nor Gratuities to themselves out of the publick Treasure nor granted any money from the people which is more than can be said of any Parliament in our memory Proceeding thus successfully and hopefully to the general satisfaction of the people in the three Nations who chose them the Protector and chief Officers of the Army who were jealous of one another before and Competitors for Government grew now jealous of the House of Commons also who being the Representatives of the people were become also their Minions and Favourites It was therefore now thought seasonable to contend among themselves for the power before the people should recover it from them both In order to which the General Council of Officers kept their constant Meetings at Wallingford-house and the Protector with his party countermined them at White-hall but we must interrupt the thred of this story to iâ—tromit the year 1659. which began with the Voyage into the Sound Anno Dom. 1659. THe former respects and mutual designes betwixt the King of Sweden and Cromwel which had been promoted so far as to a Treaty concerning places of caution for our Engagement and Expence in the Danish War Elsenore-Castle newly taken by the Swede Gottenburgh in his own Province being demanded and Gluckstad and another place offered in lieu thereof though without any conclusion by the Death of Cromwel obliged his son Richard and the Council upon the request of the Swede to send a Fleet into the Baltick-sea and in the mean time Sea-Officers and Seamen were taken into his Service who set to Sea in December before but by stormy and cold weather were forced back again divers of them by the hardship of the Voyage dying at their return under the Command of Sir George Ayscue who was upon his arrival to be Commissioned High-Admiral of Sweden to mate the Dutch who then openly sided with the Dane and had a Fleet of War ranging thereabouts The Parliament likewise to secure the Commerce and Trade of those parts condescended to the Expedition with the Conditions and Limitations aforesaid At the end of March General Montague was Commissioned by Richard with a Fleet of 40 sail of the best ships and manned accordingly who in ten days time from Yarmouth arrived at the Scaw and so to Elsenore where the King of Sweden was before the Dutch Vice-Admiral de Ruyter who was coming with another Fleet out of Holland to re-inforce his Admiral Opdam then at Copenhagen The General here met with Instructions from his Majesty to whose Cause he had upon the disposition of affairs betwixt the Army and Protector devoted himself
Commanders in the like nature besides Plundrings what hath been taken going out of the Land to the King Lastly Monthly Taxes upon all the Lands in the associated Counties and the Cities of London and Westminster besides what they took for Contribution in their Garrisons c. which came to 60000 l. a month and so given in if not more and by the year amounts to 720000 l. and in five years comes to 3600000 l. and is 360 Waggons loading of silver at 10000 l. a Waggons loading And this higher afterwards This in five years time amounted besides the Customs and the Kings Revenues and Ecclesiastical Profits sequestred in their hands to neer 20000000. But he that is able to reckon what the Sales of the same lands of King Queen and Prince Bishops Deans and Chapters the Nobility and Gentry as Delinquents together with the Monthly assessment at the same time of 100000 and 120000 per mensem come to Erit mihi magnus Apollo I mention not Decimation nor the Piedmont-Sacriledge nor other slier Artifices of Cromwel nor the Prize-money c. But if an estimate be taken of their gettings by their spending let that almost insuperable debt left upon the Kingdom and discharged by the King upon his Return be the unenvied testimony thereof Vale. A CHRONICLE OF THE CIVIL WARS OF ENGLAND SCOTLAND and IRELAND THE FIRST PART BEING The Commons War NO higher or greater cause can be assigned for this War setting aside the sins of all Times and Nations to which the Justice of Heaven is seldome long a Debtor but the fate and catastrophe of Kingdoms and Monarchies which do at certain periods of time taste of that vicissitude and mutability to which all other sublunary things are more frequently subjected The secondary causes of it are so many and so uncertain so variously reported and believed that it would spend much of the paper allotted to this History in ascertaining them Therefore to contain and keep within the limits of this designment something onely shall be said of them that was obvious to every eye not savouring of partiality or affection Many disorders and Irregularities no doubt there were in the State contracted through a long and lazy peace bolstred up with an Universal trade which procured a general wealth the Parents of Wantonnesses the excess of National riches being but as the burden which the Ass carries and mistakes for provender people being onely the better able to sustain their future misery with their present plenty These conceived abuses in the manage of the State like ill humours where they finde an equal resistance or over-power of nature sunk and descended upon the Ecclesiastical Regiment too impotent to sustain those general assaults which were given it No storms or tempests can be raised or maintained below without the Celestial influences or disturbances in the upper Region nor often are there any Commotions or Wars among or in Nations where Religion which ought to be the peaceablest and most innocent perswasion is not the Primum Mobile the great mover of the Machine of Destruction Quantum Religio potuit suadere malorum Nothing from abroad could any way break off that continued series of peace we had so long enjoyed we had made the Nations round about us to wonder at and to dread the putting forth of that strength which had been matured and ripened by the sunshine of so great a prosperity so many years together while the world about us was hurled into the confusions of Ruine and War ready to become a prey to the next potent Invasion Strange moreover it is That the miserable Distractions and Confusions which ensued should be derived from no greater beginnings then a few Ceremonies in the Church that War which stands upon none should be founded and fixt upon them and yet nothing more certain can be charged with the guilt of so much misery as these Kingdoms so long suffered under but the Cavils Discontents and disputes about them A grudging there was for many years before in the Raigns of Queen Elizabeth and King Iames in whose days and at his first assumption to this Crown a Conference was before him managed by the Reformists about them where that learned King so justified the use of them that for a while all obâ—oquâ—es against them were silenced and the Church and State enjoyed its greatest blessings of Peace and Uniformity Nor was there much noise about them in the beginning of the Raign of King Charles but towards the middle it began to threaten a storm in the year 1635. towards the conclusion whereof some Uproars and Commotions were raised decrying those Ceremonial Rites used and practised in the Church such being the ushering in by a general murmur what was plainly and distinctly declared in the beginning of the year 1637. from whence this Chronicle takes its rise by Mr. Pryn Dr. Bastwick and Mr Burton seconded and asserted by that famously known person Iohn Lilburn These men though questionless from different grounds and respects as this age hath lived to see by Mr. Pryn who proved a great and happy instrument in the Kings Restitution and consequently the resettlement of the Church printed several Books against the aforesaid Ceremonies for these Books they were apprehended which were charged also to be full of Invectives against the Bishops and Episcopal Government and were severely censured in the Star-Chamber to the exasperation of a great part of the Kingdom They were all three sentenced to be set in the Pillory and to have their ears cut off Mr. Pryn to be stigmatized on both cheeks each of them fined five thousand pounds apiece to the King and to be imprisoned during the Kings pleasure which was accordingly executed in every point of the sentence and as valiantly and stoutly undergone by these sufferers who after they had stood in the Pillory three thereof being set up in the Palace-yard at Westminster were sent to remote Castles in the adjacent Isles of Guernsey and Iersey from whence as we shall see hereafter they were brought back to London I may not dis-joyn the story of Iohn Lilburn from theirs though divided by time he suffering the year after being whipt at a carts tail for imprinting and vending several Books of the same purport and contents against the Bishops This man proved a great trouble-world in all the variety of Governments afterward being chief of a faction called Levellers he was a great proposal-maker and modeller of State which by his means was always restless in the Usurpation He died a Quaker and such as his life was such was his death This year also Dr. Williams then Bishop of Lincoln and Dean of Westminster formerly Lord Keeper relapsed again into the Kings disfavour for some dishonourable words uttered against the King which were taken hold of and prosecuted in the Star-Chamber where he was fined ten thousand pounds though his enemies would rather have had him resigned his
part that valiant person Iohn Lord Stuart second Brother to the Duke of Richmond who dyed at Abbington of his wounds as also Sir Iohn Smith Colonel Sandys Colonel Scot and Colonel Manning father to that person who betrayed the King to Cromwel while he resided at Colen in the designe of Colonel Penruddock for which he was shot to death in the Duke of Newburghs Country with divers Persons of Quality wounded among whom was Sir Edward Stowel Eldest Son to Sir Iohn and Sir Henry after Lord Bard besides private Souldiers above 1400. Of the Parliaments side few men of note were killed about 900 common Souldiers Colonel Dolbeir wounded and Colonel Tompsons Leg shot off by a Cannon-bullet About this time the Dutch Ambassadors came to Oxford again endeavouring to mediate between the King and Parliament but returned re infecta from whence the King also was designing to march being newly come thither from Reading which he slighted Sir Charles Blunt a couragious Gentleman on the Kings side was slain about this time Great and extraordinary preparations were now made for this Campagnia which I shall next relate Essex and Waller who had followed the Lord Hopton to Basing and there shewed a mind of Besieging the house now joyned their Armies together amounting to a very great strength with intention to set upon the King at Oxford wherefore the Queen was sent away with a sufficient Convoy to Exeter In the mean time Essex plunders Abbington and makes a Garrison of it soon after In this place which afterwards proved a Thom to the Kings foot not being able but in great Parties to stir out of Oxford Essex left Colonel Brown and constituted him Governour thereof This famous Person as his actions all along after declared especially his latter in his Industrious Loyal endeavours for the Restitution of his Majesty was no inconsiderable part of the War having been designed by the Parliament to the suppression of the Kentish-Commotions and then as an assistant to Sir William Waller at the taking in of Winchester and Chichester was afterwards when the War was ended and the King brought to Holmby made one of the Commissioners to attend his Majesty where he was so gained upon by his Princely Goodness and Vertues that from that time he was wholly changed and reduced from all false Opinions concerning his Majesty and afterwards proved a most Cordial and Loyal actor and sufferer for him and his Cause To return the King in the mean while marched with his Army from Oxford to Worcester which caused the two Parliament-Generals to divide their forces again Waller was to go after the King as they termed it A King-catching while Essex marched with another gallant Army into the West which was totally fallen from the Parliament The King had but few Forces about him by reason that Prince Rupert was sent with the greatest part of the Army to the relief of York then Besieged by the joynt-power of three Armies the Scots Manchester's and Fairfax's In his way he Storms Bolton and takes it but of that by and by The King having Traversed his ground came back again from Worcester and Sir William Waller from out of the Skirts of Glocester-shire was ready at his heels Insomuch that he overtook him neer Banbury at a place called Cropredy-bridge Waller drew up in Battalia on a Hill expecting the advantage of the Kings passing the Bridge which the King adventuring to do Waller descends from his Post and falls upon the Kings Rear beyond the Bridge where he was so gallantly received by the Earls of Cleaveland and Northampton that he was quite Routed Six hundred killed and Seven hundred taken Prisoners his Train of Artillery and many of the Officers so that Sir William was forced to flie and have recourse to London for another recruit It was therefore resolved upon this defeat of Waller that the King should immediately follow the Earl of Essex who was advanced so far that the Queen who was delivered of the Princess Henrietta at Exeter the sixteenth of Iune in the Month of Iuly was fain to be gone from thence for fear of a Siege leaving the young Lady to the tuition of the Countess of Dalkeith to France where she landed on the 25th at Brest in Britany At the beginning of August the King had overtaken the said Earl at Lestithiel his Forces in so ill a condition through their long march and their want of necessaries which the Country-people kept from them that it was concluded an easie thing to conquer them The King therefore resolved to coop them up and keep all manner of Provision from them After two or three days leaguer in this manner the Parliament-horse broke through the Kings Army by night the General and the Lord Roberts at whose instance this Expedition was undertaken got by boat from Foy to Plymouth and the Foot being destitute and deserted by the Horse under the command of Major-General Skippon came to a Capitulation by which it was agreed they should render their Arms Ammunition Artillery and Stores into the hands of the King and have liberty as many as would to pass home they engaging never more to bear Arms against the King So that by this defeat the Parliament were quite undone in the West as to present appearance The Marquess of Newcastle had been besieged above nine weeks in York by the joynt Forces of the Earl of Manchester the Lord Fairfax and the Scotch Army under Lesly for the relief whereof Prince Rupert was sent who passed through Shrop-shire and thence through Lancashire increasing his Forces by the way from the several Garrisons and Parties thereabouts In his way he raised the Siege of Latham-house where the Countess of Derby had stoutly defended her self for a long time He moreover took Stopford Leverpool and Bolton the last whereof refusing his Summons and being in no condition to withstand his power he deservedly having mastered it by a Storm the third time pillaged using the right of Arms to those who had provoked him by their impotent obstinacy Besides it was noted for a Town of Sectaries and such-like people On Sunday the last day of Iune the Prince came to Knaresborough fourteen miles from York the next morning over Burrough-Bridge and that night by the River to York upon whose approach the besiegers quit their quarters and those in York pursued their Rear and seized some Provisions the next morning Iuly the second the Prince advanced after them resolving to give them Battel which resolution was opposed by the Marquess of Newcastle as one who well knew the several concerns of the three confederate parties among whom there had passed some Jarrings in their Councels for Command But the Prince was determined to put an end to the Scotch danger which onely retarded the Kings entire success by a present fight and though he be much blamed for it yet it
usual confidence of his Party made an end His Quarters were disposed of by his Majesties Orders and his Head set upon a Pole in White Chappel near the place of his Meeting for example to his Fellows Some discourses there were of a Design about Dunkirk and the Duke of York passed over there this Month carrying the Garrison money and upon his arrival viewed the Fortifications and Lines and found it stronger by some new Forts the Governour the Lord Rutherford now made Earl of Tiviot and Governour of Tangeir had raised thereabouts and after a short stay returned again for England In Ireland Sir Charles Coot Earl of Mountrath one of the Three Justices of that Kingdome died and was buried in State the power of the other Two remaining being invested in Sir Maurice Eustace and the Earl of Orery till the arrival of the Duke of Ormond He had done excellent Service in that Kingdome against the Rebels and though he afterwards sided with those here yet did he by his last Actions in securing that Kingdome to the Interest of his Majesty and helping on the Restitution redeem his former demerits which could be charged on him no otherwise than as a Souldier of Fortune he was one of General Monck's right hands in carrying on the Change The Duke of Ormond was by the Parliament of Ireland gratulated upon his appointment to that Government by Letters sent from the Speakers of both Houses The Council for the Principality of Wales was also erected by the King and setled at Ludlow the usual Residence the Earl of Carbery Lord Vaughan was made President the old Earl of Norwich Clerk of the Council and others of the Nobility and Gentry Assistants Judges also were established and the said Lord President in great State brought into the Town attended by a great Train of the chief Persons thereabouts and joyfully welcomed and complemented This Christmass the Honourable Society of Lincolns-Inne renewed their Custom of the Inns of Court by chusing a Prince who during the Festival commands like a Soveraign in the places adjoyning to the said Inne the Gentleman chosen this time was one Iohn Lort Esquire a Gentleman of Wales by the Title of Prince Le Grange he gave and the King was pleased to accept a Treatment from him the Ceremonies due to a Prince being exactly observed in every respect a Council Judges and Officers of State Honour and Nobility attending this his Highness whom the King at the expiration of his term of Royalty made a Knight Baronet The Marquess Durazzo Embassador from the Republick of Genoa was about this time honourably received by the King attended through the City to Sir Abraham Williams his house by the Earl of Carlisle Complemented from the King by the Earl of Bullingbrook and brought to Audience by the Lord Buckhurst In Scotland Episcopacy which had been so long banished thence was now reduced with all gladness and testimonies of a welcome reception after the experience of so many miseries and confusions which had befallen that Nation through the Fury and Zealotry of the Kirk The four Bishops that were Consecrated at Lambeth a little before this whereof Dr. Iames Sharpe Arch-Bishop of St. Andrews Metropolitan of Scotland was one Consecrating others in that Kingdom the whole Order being there defunct by the long Usurpation of the Presbyterian Discipline To the confirmation therefore of this Sacred resetled Authority the Lord-Commissioner with most of the Nobility and Gentry accompanied the Arch-Bishop of Glascow where the Kirk-Rebellion was first hatched to that City where the face of things was quite altered no Person or occasion ever welcomer or more acceptable than this as their Bells and Bonefires declared And here the Lord Commissioner put sorth a Proclamation prohibiting the payment of any Ecclesiastical Rents o Tythe or profits of the Ministry whatsoever to any who in a short time limited should not acknowledge and own their Diocesan Bishop and his Authority and receive Induction from him Some few grand Factious Predicants stood out and were cuted of their Livings and others the most unquiet and refractory Commanded to depart that Kingdom now well cleared of that Clergy the Original and Fountain of those bitter waters and Rivers of Blood which overflowed the three Nations A like Church-work was taken in hand in England the King at his Entrance into London upon his Restitution-day May 29 fadly observed and shook his Head at the Ruines of St. Paul's Cathedral and therefore the first vacancy his affairs permitted him was bestowed on the consideration of that Religious Structure and thereupon he issued out a Commission to Sir Orlando Bridgeman Sir Ieoffery Palmer and others of the Long Robe with other Gentlemen to take some speedy Order for the Repair thereof and to that pious work he gave the Arrears of Impropriations and Ecclesiastical Livings excepted out of the Act of Oblivion impowering to call all such as owed any Moneys thereupon to account and to lay it out to that use The former Dean of which Cathedral Dr. Nicholas Brother to Master Secretary of State Sir Edward died now of a malignant Feavor called the Country new Disease and Dr. Barwick a man that had suffered all Extremities even of Dungeon and Famine in the Tower from the Rump soon after the King's death was substituted by the King in his place it being reckoned with the late improvement the best Deanry now in England Soon after Dr. Nicholas died Dr. Nicholas Monke Bishop of Hereford and Brother to the Noble General whose private Contemplative liâ—e was no less observed than Jewels in the dark which then shine brightest his Illustrious Brother governing the conspicuous splendor of the Times while he ruled with the recluse vertues of his minde in the obscurity of the Church which afterwards spread and lustre it borrowed from the Beams of this its Luminary though now suddenly deprived of a great part of it in this his Setting And most fit it is that his Name should be Canonized and for ever had Sacred in our Kalendar and Church-Annals About the same time died also Dr. Brian Walton Lord-Bishop of Chester famous for the Polyglotte-Bible and other Excellencies becoming a Prelate nor did his successor Dr. Ferne many weeks outlive him whose defences of the Church will never be forgotten And lastly died Dr. Thomas Fuller known by his several Books and indefatigable industry better than by any account can here be given of him Such a Train of Scholars and Learned men did barbarous Death lead in Triumph to the Captivating Grave that her envious Pomp might draw our eye and tears to this sad spectacle and that might honourably accompany the Fate of the Bishop of Hereford A Fleet was Rigg'd and set to Sea to fetch home the Queen from Portugal and to carry the Forces to Tangier which was delivered by the Portugueze Garrison to Sir Richard Stayner who with 500 men was left to maintain it till the Earl
with the Moors our nearest Neighbours we must not omit the Actions of those people whose Losses and Successes are to be narrowly observ'd by the English either their Allyes or Enemies Taffalette therefore having Intelligence that the people of Suz had united their Forces with those of Sancta Cruz march'd toward the farther part of Suz with an Army of 140000 Men which at first so Terrified those people that they presented him with their Leaders Head and with great submission begg'd his Pardon In confidence of this Taffalette Marches toward Sancta Cruz but the people Repenting of what they had done underhand renew'd a League with the Governor of that Town and unexpectedly setting upon the Army of Taffalette quite routed it and slew Taffalet's Brother who led the Van himself only escaping with four Horse but being soon recruited he return'd to Sancta Cruz and took it and in a short while recover'd what he had so unadvisedly lost But that which made the greatest noise in the World was the suddain Invasion of Loraine by the King of France For the surprise of which Country Marshal Crequi being sent with a great Army he over-ran the Country like a mighty Torrent insomuch that by the beginning of Winter there was scarce a Town in Lorraine that was not at the French Devotion The designe of the King of France was to lay aside the old Duke and confer the Dutchy on Prince Charles on condition that he should raise the Fortifications of Chastel and Espinal and give up to the King the Marquisate of Nomende Certain it was the King of France did send to the said Prince then at Vienna to offer him the Possession of Lorrain on condition he would hold it of him and to maintain no greater Number of Forces than he should think fit telling him withal that he were best have a care that upon his refusal the Duke of Guise did not accept of it upon the same terms The old Duke thus outed of all wandred up and down from place to place begging Ayd of the Neighbouring Princes who promis'd fair but did little more than come to a conditional Agreement for the raysing Forces for the common good and safety of the Empire This Alarm'd not only the Dutch on the one side but the Switzers on the other the Effect of which was that it made them both careful to put themselves into the best posture of Defence they might While this part of Europe is thus preparing for Mischief we find Russia over-whelm'd with an Inundation of Rebellion where one Stephen Radskin a Tumultuous Ring-leader having Poyson'd the Rabble with the fair pretences of Liberty the common motives to Insurrection of a small Snow-bal grew to a mountainous Number and having seiz'd the great Kingdoms of Astracan and Casan and got into his Possession the Treasures of the Great Duke in the chief City of Astracan he grew Potent and Formidable and made up for the City of Mosco it self taking upon him the Title of Duke Radzin But at length after a short Reign and having glutted himself with the Blood of as many Muscovitish Nobility as fell into his Power he was overthrown by Dolkerouski General to the Emperor and his whole Power totally disperst Anno Dom. 1671. IN the beginning of this Year dyed Her Royal Highness Anne Dutchess of York Wife to his Royal Highness the Duke of York and Daughter to the Earl of Clarendon being shortly after privately Interr'd in Henry the Seventh's Chappel at Westminster The Parliament still sitting had by this time prepar'd several other Acts ready for the Kings Royal Assent which the King being present in the House of Lords as readily pass'd The chiefest and most of Publick Concern was The Addition which they made to the King's Revenue by an Imposition upon Proceedings at Law not being unmindful of setling such differences as might arise about Houses burn'd in the Fire of London taking care also to prevent the Disorders of Seamen and the Imbezelment of the King's Stores After which they were again Prorogu'd to the 16th of April next ensuing However before they disperst both Houses met in a Body in the Banqueting-House where they made an 〈…〉 That the King would be pleased by His own Example to 〈…〉 the constant wearing the Manufactures of his own Kingdom and discountenance the use of Manufactures made in Forrein Countries who kindly receiving the Address told them That he had as little us'd in his own Person Forrein Manufacturs as any and would discountenance them for the future in those that should Nor must we pass by the Death of the Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of His Majesties Houshold a Knight of the Garter and a Privy Councellor though his loss was soon recompenc'd by the succession of the Earl of St. Albans Soon after dy'd the Lord Chief Justice Keeling into whose Place the Lord Chief Justice Hale was immediately Sworn in his Place Sir Edward Turnor was made Lord Chief Baron and Sir Francis North Sollicitor-General Nor was it fit the Offices of such Eminent Ministers of Justice should be vacant when such Criminals were to be examin'd as were soon after discovered For upon the ninth of this Moneth four men coming to the Keeper of the Jewel-House in the Morning and desiring to see the Regal Crown were carried into the Room where it was kept but they Stabbing and Gagging the Keeper an ancient man and putting the Crown and Ball into two Bags which they had brought for that purpose fairly walk'd away and had almost past all the Sentinels but the Son-in-law of the Keeper casually passing by and seeing the condition his Father lay in run out hastily crying out to the Guards to stop 'um upon this they mending their pace made their own discovery Being then commanded to stand they fir'd a Pistol at the Sentinel but two of them were presently seized carried to White-hall and after Examination sent back again to the Tower to be kept close Prisoners where they had committed the Fact To make an annual Record of St. George's Feast is not necessary but of this as being more singularly Signal it may not be expedient to omit the rehearsal For now it was that the Earl of Carlisle introduc'd between his Royal Highness and Prince Rupert was Install'd as Proxie for the King of Sweden and the Earl of Winchelsey between the Duke of Ormond and the Duke of Buckingham was Install'd as Proxie for the Duke of Saxony both which Princes were invested the year before After them the Duke of Albemarle between the Earl of Sandwich and the Earl of Oxford was Invested in his own Stall Iune was Crown'd with the success of Sir Edward Sprague who being now the King's Admiral in the Mediterranean-Sea met with nine Men of War belonging to Argier together with three Merchant-men neer Bugia who upon his appearance retir'd under the shelter of the Castle and put themselves into the best posture
〈…〉 and Lambert fall out 428. Vote away Lambert's and eight more Field-commission Officers ib. Outed by Lambert 429. Reseated 43 〈…〉 ter company added to them 438. Arms defaced 446 Rupert Prince 40 44. And throughout the War Leaves Kingsale and puts to Sea with a Fleet 254. Blockt up at Lisbon 256 267. His Fleet dispersed and some taken 275. From Taulon to Sea 289. Seizeth Spanish ships why 293. In France â—37 General at Sea 550. Divides 〈…〉 yns again and fights 551 Russia Emperor 255. Embassadors Rycaut Paul returns from Constantinople 520 S. Sad condition of the Irish 333 Safety a Committee 429 Sales of the King 's Queen's Prince's Dâ—â—ns and Chapters Lands and Houses 256. Of Kings Houses agreed on but avoyded by Cromwel â—â—â— Salisbury River begun to be made 〈…〉 â—â—â— Sanzeime Battle 600 Salmasius his Royâ—l defence 236 Salters-Hall Commissioners for sale of prisoners Estates stopt 359 Sanderson Bishop dies 514 Saul Major Executed 278 Sandwich Earl keeps the Sea 528. Takes the Dutch East-Indie-fleet 541. He is sent Embassador into Spain 545. Arrives at Madrid 550. Sent to Portugal 569 Scalborough to the King by Brown Bushel 44. Yielded to the Parliament 193 Savoy and Genoa at odds 547 566 590. Saxony Duke installed Knight of the Garter by Proxey 580 Scilly Island rendred by Sir John Greenvile 288 289 Scot Robinson sent to meet Gen. Monk 435 Scotch troubles about English Liturgy and Book of Canons 3. Arm 1638. And desire the King of France's assistance 9. Cunningly agree upon a Pacification abuse the King who is betrayed by his Servants 10. War resumed proclaimed Rebels treated with soon after 15. Peace ratified in Parliament ibid. Favour the Parliaments cause 35. Enter England with an Army for the Covenant 56. At Hereford 87. Iuggle with and sell the King 120. Parliament dispute about the disposal of the King 115 Commissioners sence of the Parliaments Bills and Proposals Presbyters murther sâ—veral Scotch Gentlemen 164. Prepare a War under Hamilton 165 166. Enter England under Duke Hamilton 177. Defeated 178. Hamilton prisoner ibid. Scotland detests the Murther of the King and proclaims Charles the second at Edinburgh and expostulates with the Regicides at Westminster 232 Scots defeat a Royal party in the North of Scotland 333. Send Commissioners to the King 233. Defeated in Ulster in Ireland by Sir Charles Coot 247. They send Commissioners to the King 257. Their Names Except against Malignants their other terms 257. They endeavour to unite 274 Cavaliers admitted into Trust 282. Pass an Act of Oblivion 290. Encamped in Torwood 292. Noblemen taken at Elliot in Scotland and sent Prisoners to the Tower others of the Nobility submit 302. The reasons 304. Kirk reject the English Vnion 307. Deputies ordered to be chosen by the Commissioners 310. The affairs of the Kingdom ibid. Several Scots Earls and Noblemen taken after Worcester 298 New Great Seal 56. Great Seal broken 128 Sea-fight the first between us and the Dutch in the Downs an account of it 315 to 320 Second Sea-fight between Sir Geo Ayscue and De Ruyter at Plymouth 325 Third Sea-fight between Blake and De Wit in the North-Foreland 326 327. Fourth Sea-fight at Portland 335 Fifth Sea-fight at Leghorn betwixt Captain Appleton and Van Gallen 337 Sixth Sea-fight betwixt Gen. Monke Dean and Blake and Van Tromp behinde the Goodwyn-Sands 345 Seventh Sea-fight betwixt Gen. Monke and Tromp 346 to 349 Sea-men encouraged 534 Secluded Members restored and reseated Sieges and Skirmishes in Ireland 274 Selden John dies 366 Seneffe Battle 601 Serini beats the Turk 52. Is killed 533 Sexby Col. dies 398 Shaftsbury Earl Lord Chancellor 588 Dr. Sheldon Arch-bishop of Canterbury 523 Sheriffs discharged of expenses at Assizes 401 Ship-money voted illegal 17. The nature of it 16 17 Ships blown up neer London-bridge 361 Shrewsbury 38 39 71 Sickness in London 539. Abates 544 Skippon Major-General Articles for the Infantry at Lestithiel 58 Skirmishes Brill Ast-ferry 64 Slanning Sir Nicholas 46 Slingsby Sir Henry decoyed 304. Tryed and Beheaded 404 Smith Sir Jeremy keeps the Mediterranean Seas 544 Soissons Count Embassador hither 456 Sonds Freeman kills his Brother and is hanged 380 Southampton Earl 163 Spalding-Abby fell and killed 23 persons 380 Spaniard owns the English Commonwealth 278 Sprague Sir Edward sent into Flanders 569. Commands in the Streights 578. Destroys the Algerines 581. Returns 583. Spoyls the Dutch fishing 588 Stacy Edmond Executed 404 States of England pretended declare the maintenance of Laws 227. Are guilty of the Irish Rebellion with which they taxed the King 237. Erect a new Council of State 283. Proclaim the King Traitor and are in great fear and dispair at his entring England 294 Stamford Earl 42 Statues of the late King and King James pulled down and the Inscription writ under that at Old Exchange 269 Steel Recorder of London refuseth to be Knighted by Oliver 357. Made Lord-Chancellor of Ireland 366. Made Lord Chief-Baron of England 373 Stawel Sir John ordered for Tryal 229. At High Court of Iustice 279 Sterling-Castle taken 361 Sterry Oliver's Chaplain his Blasphemy 409 Strafford Earl Commander in chief against the Scots 13. Accused to the Parliament 15. To the Black-rod and Tower 16. Tryal 18. His willing resignation his attainder ibid. And deâ—th 19 St. Germain a Proclamation against him 602 St. John and Strickland Embassadors to the Dutch their business and departure 285 286 287. St. John 357. Stickles in the Council of State for terms with the King 440 Stratton Baron Lord Hopton dies 328 Straughan Col. 280 Stroker 540 Stuart Lord John killed 57. With Sir John Smith Col. Scot and Sandys and Colonel Manning ibid. Stuart Lord Bernard slain 89 Submission of the Irish 324 Sunderland Earl slain 51 Summons for persons of Integrity to take upon them the Government by Council of state 345 Sums of Money raised by the Parliament Supplies to Jamaica 377 Surrenders several 91. As Basing Tiverton Exeter Sheford 91 92 Surrenders in Ireland 270 Surinam 557 Surrey Petitioners assaulted 172 Sweden Queen supplies Montross 255. Complies with our States 358. Receives Whitlock ibid. Gives our Soveraign an interview 376 Sweden King invades Poland 373 Swedes stand firm for England 549. Besiege Bremen 559. Mediations excepted 560. Embassador dies in London 566. Makes peace with the Dutch 567. King presented with the Garter 572. Installed by Proxie 580. Ioyn with the French 597 Sydenham Major slain at Linlithgow 288 Syndercomb's Plot and death 384 385. T Tabaco taken by the English 591 Tables erected in Scotland 7 Tadcaster 42 Taffalette routed and slain 579. Moors beaten 581. Earl of Middleton Governour and makes peace with the Moors 594 Taaff Lord sent against Cromwel 246 Taaff Luke Major-General 248 Tangier 504. Iews expelled 525. Lord Bellasis Governour there 537. Moors beaten there 573 Tartar taken in Germany 526 Taylor the Kings Resident with the Emperour 329 Taxes a mark on them 331 Teviot Earl killed 527 Temple Sir William concludes â— League
by which his Subjects are frighted from coming or sending to him That all men of necessary Professions be admitted to come to him Note That His Majesty had suffered his Beard to overgrow in that solitary restraint of near seven Months so that Compassion wooed where Majesty once awed That the Scots may be invited to send their Propositions The King declaring a tendâ—r affection for both his Kingdoms The King appoints Newport for the place of Treaty But urgeth the reconveniencies of Treating so far from London His Majesty 〈◊〉 the Delegates to expedite the Treaty by dispatching their Commissioners The Parliament appoint Commissioners five Lords ten Commoners And desire his Majesties Royal Word for his continuance in the Island till 20 days after the Treaty Their Votes of Non-address repealed His Majesty sends the Parliament a List of such Persons he desired might attend him The Treaty began Sept. 18. The Parliament dissatisfied with the Kings Propositions They send thanks to their Commissioners His Majesties Propositions He is willing to confess himself Author of the War rather than the Peace shall be frustrated That the Assembly of Divines shall sit at Westminster 3 years That the Directory shall be confirmed for 3 years c. That Legal Estates for Lives or Years shall be made of Bishops-lands Provided the Propriety remain in the Church That there be a Reformation and concerning Papists * Thrust in by some rigid Presbyterians and maintained there by the Independants because they knew the King would never Assent to it and so no Conclusion That the two Houses shall dispose of the Militia for 10 years or during his Reign That the affairs of Ireland be determined by the Parliam That Taxes he levied for the payment of the Army and publike Debts That all the Chief Officers of State shall be nominated by the Parl. for 10 years That the Militia of the City of London Liberties for ten years may be in the Lord Mayor Aldermen Common-Council and Sheriffs thereof With the Tower and Chief Officers thereof His Majesty proposeth his liberty to repair to Westminster and to be restored to his Revenues Proffereth an Act of Oblivion to all persons The Parliament imperious Most of their Commissioners dutiful in their behaviour towards the King The Army's Remonstrance at St. Albans The villanous heads thereof That the King be brought to Iustice. That the Prince of Wales and Duke of York render themselves by a certain day or be proclaimed Traytors That the Revenue of the Crown be sequestred That Capital punishments be inflicted on some Chief Instruments in the Wars That all Delinqâ—ents come in by a certain day or their Estates be confiscated and they to die without mercy That Fines Compositions and Confiscations be disposed for the payment of the Souldiery That the Parliament set some period to their own Power That the future Government of of the Kingdom may be setled That no King be hereafter admitted but upon Election And he to accord to these Propositions as they shall be established by the Agreement of the people Something near the same stuff except what toucht the King was Signed by nine Regiments of Horse and seven of Foot and afterward promoted in London by Lieutenant-Colonel Lilburne and Mr. Prince by Petition to the Parliament who condemned both Novemb. 1647. and yet the same Moneth next year it revived The Levellers set on by Cromwel to prosecute this designe The Kings Queries to the Remonstrance A strict Guard put upon the King His Majesties Pathetick Expressions to the Parliaments Commissioners at parting His Majesties Declaration concerning the Treaty and his dislike of the Armies proceedings The Presbyterians satisfied with this Declaration and troubled at the proceedings of the Army His Majesties Letter to the Prince his Son our present Sovereign His excellent Advice to him The Army conspire to force the House The Parliament Vote the Kings Answer satisfactory Dec. 5. The Army require that the Iâ—pâ—aâ—hed Members and Major-General Brown be secured and brought to Iustice The House guarded Col. Pride Col. Hewson and Sir Hardress Waller seize on several Members Dec. 6. Hugh Peters an Agent for the Army in this Designe The Parliament impriâ—oâ—â—d Ireton 's insolent expression Major-General Brown sent prisoner to Windsor Note that Skippon thrust in that clause The Iuncto take upon them to act as a Parliament Rainsborough slain at Doncaster Oct. 29. Scarborough Castle yielded to the Parl. The Army seize the King and carry him from the Isle of Wight to Hurst Castle Dec. 1. From thence to Winchester To Farnham To Windsor The King brought to St. James 's Jan 19. Harrison 's insolent behaviour to the King The Ordinance for Trial of the King brought into the Iuncto by Tho. Scot. They Vote it Treason for the King of England to levy War against his Parliament The Vote and Ordinance carried to the Lords by the Lord Gray of Grooby The Lords cast out the Ordinance and adjourned for 7 days The Commons netled they resolve to rid their hands of King Lords and dissenting Commons An Act of the House of Commons for the Tryal of King Charles the First Jan. 9. Serjeant Dendy makes Proclamation that the Commissioners of the High Court of Iustice were to sit the next day and all persons invited to give in Evidence against Charles Stuart Proclaimed in three places Westminster Cheap-side and the Old Exchange The Names and Câ—aracters of the King's Iudges Cromwel a Native of Huntingdon-shire Ireton his Soâ—-in-law Bradshaw a Cheshire-man died obstinately 1659. He took the Oath of Allegeance but two Terms before the King's death He is rewarded with the Lord Cottington 's Estate and the Dutchy of Lancaster Harrison a Butchers Son at Newcastle in Stafford-shire was executed at Charing-Cross Octob. 1660. John Carew John Cook Sollicitor of the High Court Hugh Peters the shame of the Clergy Thomas Scot a Brewers Clerk his rash wish Gregory Clement a Merchant Adrian Scroop Brother to Sir Adrian John Jones a Serving-man marries Cromwels sister Francis Hacker a Souldier of Fortune Daniel Axtel a Country-Mercer Capt. of the Guard at the Kings Trial. Okey a Chandler near Billingsgate London a daring Commander Miles Corbet of a good Family in Norfolk Burgess for Yarmouth John Berkstead a Goldsmith Lieutenant of the Tower Thom. Pride â— Brewer 〈…〉 Isaac Ewer of 〈…〉 in Yorkshire The Lord Gray of Grooby Son to the Earl of Stamford Sir John Danvers Brother to the Loyal Earl of Danby Sir Tho. Maleverer of a good Family in Yorkshire Sir John Bourchier a diligent Independent Mercenary Col. Purefoy Governour of Coventry John Blakestone a Shop-keeper in Newcastle Sir William Constable of Yorkshire Governour of Gloucester Rich. Dean General at Sea slain by a Cannon shot Fr. Allen a Goldsmith one of the Committees for the saâ—e of Kings Lands Peregrine Pelham Governour of Hull John Moor. John Allured Humph. Edwards a Member of the Long-Parl Sir Gregory Norton John Ven a Silkman Governour of
their turn without Religion and such specious pretences were pleaded to the subversion of the Government therefore the Service-Book opportunely offering it self though in 1616. at Aberdeen a piece very like it had passed by the General Assembly onely altered in some places lest in totidem verbis some factious spirits might have misconstrued it as a badge of dependance of that Church upon England to the prejudice of the Laws and Liberties and by their own Bishops afterwards and revised by the King who observed many of that Nation reverently here to use it and also that it had been read in the Koyal Chappel in Scotland as aforesaid being enjoyned to be read on Easter-day 1637. in Edinburgh but deferred for some reasons though no opposition appeared then till the twenty third of Iuly on that day such a Tumult and Riot happened the heads of the vulgar being secretly prepossest as deep waters run smoothest till they come to some breach as for everlasting notice and memorial of so paltry an introduction to the grandest and miraculous change and subversions which followed it is here briefly though satisfactorily transcribed ON the Twenty third of July being Sunday according to publique warning given the Sunday before the Service-Book was begun to be read in Edinburgh in St. Giles Church called the Great Church where were present as usual many of the Privy Council both the Archbishops and other Bishops the Iustices and the Magistrates of Edinburgh No sooner was the Book opened by the Dean of Edinburgh but a number of the vulgar most of them women with clapping of their bands cursing and outcries raised such a barbarous hubbub in the place that none could bear or be heard The Bishop of Edinburg who was to Preach stept into the Pulpit which is immediately above the place where the Dean was to read intending to appease the Tumult by putting them in minde of the sacredness of the place and of the horrible prophanation thereof But then the rabble grew so enraged and mad that if a stool aimed to be thrown at him had not been providentially diverted by the hand of one present the life of that Prelate had been endangered if not lost The Archbishop of St. Andrews the Lord Chancellor with divers others offering to appease the multitude were entertained with such bitter curses and imprecations that not being able to prevail with the people the Provost Bailiffs and divers others of the Council of the City were forced to come down from the Gallery on which they usually sit and with much ado in a very great Tumult and confusion thrust out these disorderly people making fast the Church-doors After all which the Dean proceeded to read Service which was devoutly performed being assisted by the Lords and the Bishops then present Yet the clamor rapping at Church-doors and throwing of stones in at the Church-windows by the rabble without was so great that the Magistrates were constrained to go out and use their endeavours for to appease the multitude After a little pause and cessation the Bishop of Edinburgh Preached and after Sermon done in his going from Church was so invironed with a multitude of the meaner sort of people cursing and crowding him that he was near being trod to death if he had not recovered the stayrs of his Lodging where he was again assaulted and was like to have been pulled backwards if the Earl of Weems from his next Lodging seeing the Bishops life in danger had not sent his servants to rescue him who got the Bishop almost breathless into his Chamber In other Churches the Minister was forced to give over reading And so that Morning passed Between the two Sermons consultation was held how to suppress those out-rages and ' was so ordered that the Service was quietly read in St. Giles other Churches in the afternoon But yet the rabble intermitted nothing of their madness for staying in the streets at the comming home of the Earl of Roxborough the Lord Privy Seal with the aforesaid Bishop in his Coach they so fiercely assaulted him with stones that he had like to have suffered the death of the Martyr St. Stephen so that if his footmen had not kept the multitude off with their drawn Swords their lives had been very much indangered Thus the Reformation began there with such terrible profanations of the Lords day and of the Lords House an ill omen what in future would be the conclusion and this done by the same many-headed Monster that in like manner began the troubles in England nor ever was the Union more perfect and streight then in such mischiefs To prevent and redress these ills the Privy Councel set forth a Proclamation thereby discharging all concourses of people and tumultuous meetings in Edinburgh under pain of death at which time the Magistrates of the said City before the Council-Table professed their detestation thereof and profered their utmost power in the discovery of the principals in that uproar though they afterwards shamefully failed in their promise and appeared among the chief of the Covenanters even while they were glozing with the King and the Archbishop of Canterbury in England by letters full of duty and affection to his Majesty and his Churches service All businesses of note for a time seemed to be hushed and calmed by reason of the long Vacation which in that Kingdom beginneth always on Lammas-day and the Harvest which drew all sorts of people from Edinburgh except the Citizens so that all was quiet till the ensuing October and then the conflux of all sorts soon enlivened the tumults again the Ministers who undertook the reading of the second Service-book publiquely relenting their forwardness and recanting and reneging it and to that purpose presented a Petition desiring it might not be imposed on them this being backt with such an Universal rendezvous of all sorts gave the Council the fear of an Insurrection for prevention whereof a Proclamation again was published which under pain or Rebellion commanded all persons except they should show cause of their further stay about their particular affairs to depart the City and return to their Houses Seconded also with another whereby his Majesties Council and Session which is the Term were declared to be removed from Edinburgh to Dundee and a third for seizing and discovering of a certain seditious Book against the English Ceremonies which second book was ordered to be publiquely burnt upon the seizure These Proclamations were next day overtaken with another Insurrection For on the 19 of October 1667. the Bishop of Galloway and Sir William Elphinston Lord chief Justice of that Kingdom being appointed by the Lords of the Council to examine witnesses in a Cause depending before them passing through the streets to the Council-House were suddenly encountred and surrounded with an enraged multitude the Bishop hardly by the means of one of the parties in that Suit getting safe to the Council where through the like irreverence
to that Tribunal he could find no Sanctuary being threatned instantly with death Upon report of this outrage the Earls of Traquair and Wigton came with their followers to his relief where with much ado they got entrance but found themselves in no better case than the Bishop the peoples rage being thereby the more increased The Lords and the Bishop being thus beset sent privately to the Lord Provost and Bailiffs of Edinburgh for relief who sent them word that they themselves were in the same condition if not worse if the Lords attempted not to appease the people who had forced them in their Council-House for fear of their lives to subscribe a Paper then instantly presented them which contained three particulars First that they should joyn with them in opposition to the Service-book and in petitioning to the King Secondly that by their Authority they should restore Mr. Ramsey and Mr. Rolloch two lately silenced Ministers Thirdly that they should restore one Mr. Henderson a silenced Reader which three persons were notable Ringleaders of the faction three most important grounds for so fearful a Commotion Thereupon the Lords resolved to go and confer with the Magistrates and either by their authority or perswasion to reduce the people to obedience and reason but all in vain for at their return re infecta to the Council-Table again they were set upon the Earl of Traquair being troden down losing his white Staff the Ensign of his Office of Treasurer with his Hat and Cloak and so with much ado got back again to the Council who seeing the impendent danger from the fury of the people were forced to apply themselves to some Noblemen who were of the faction by whose influence upon and respects from the people they with the aforesaid Bishops were conveyed to their respective dwellings but the Provost was pursued with threats rayling and danger unto the yard of his own house This Mornings storm being blown over another Proclamation was made against further unlawful Assemblies and meeting in the streets of that City under the most severe pains the Laws in those Cases had provided but so little regard was thereunto given that the next day they demanded of the Lords what they had demanded of their Magistrates and to that purpose two Petitions as well from the Rabble as also now from greater hands the chief Citizens Gentry and Nobility were presently tendred to the Lord Chancellour of that Kingdom which imported the whole substance of the present Commotion the English Service-book still bearing the burthen Withal in this last petition making their greivances swell adding their dislike of the book of Canons to their former distast of the Service-book so one demand ushered in another till they had nothing to ask but what they resolved to take the parallel of our troubles These petitions were afterwards sent up to the King who by a Proclamation resented the injuries and affronts done his Royal Authority by those attemps upon his chief Ministers and also declared his firm intentions to maintain the Protestant Religion commanding also all persons to forbear further meetings and petitions of this nature upon pain of treason But this Proclamation was encountred with a Protestation made by the Earls of Hume and Lindsey two great Covenanters who avowed therein the whole action with a resolution added to adhere to them to the last requiring also some of the Bishops to be removed from his Majesties Councel and such other more unreasonable expostulations which yet came short still of those that they made afterwards their number and power still increasing their peremptory and haughty designes upon the Government Soon after this sedition began to arm it self and assume another name they of the faction took the authority of the Kingdom to themselves erected four Tables as they called them of the four ranks of Noblemen Gentry Burgesses and Ministers out of all which was formed one general Table that was supreme This Table after some consultation and reports from the other resolved upon a Covenant to be taken throughout the Kingdom which for substance was the same with that Solemn League afterwards taken in England onely Bishops in express terms were not therein then abjured but implicitely no doubt included and more plainly their sitting in civil Judicatories The King was most highly incensed against this Usurpation of his Royal Authority especially at the obtruding this Covenant wherewith the greatest part of the Nation were already infected and others through compulsion and force scared into a compliance with it though with a great deal of stir and reluctancy Wherefore to obviate the imminent danger it threatned the King dispatcht away the Marquess of Hamilton as his Commissioner to that Kingdom to apply some present remedy to the distemper he being a person of great honour and influence on that Nation Before his arrival of which the Covenanters had timely notice they made the more hast to engage the people against any accommodation Nor did they with the usual respect entertain the Commissioner but after some few days stay after some overtures by him made on the Kings part towards them and his demands of them particularly their deserting and relinquishing their Covenant he received a slighting answer that they would descend to no particulars of their part till a general Assembly should be called But as for the Covenant they would sooner part with their lives than abate a syllable of it and resolved never to hear more against it And thereupon new guards were by them clapt upon Edinburgh Castle the Watches of the City multiplied and the Ministers began to convert all their Sermons into Libels warning the people to take heed of Crafty Compositions when they were resolved against any These difficulties caused the Commissioner to repair to London having first received order to publish the Kings Declaration against the supposed Popery and removed also the Term for the further satisfying of the City of Edinburgh back thither again which indeed was for a while magnified by the Citizens as an Act of favour but presently was undervalued as a trick to cajole them so instructed by those who grudged the King any esteem or love in the minds of his people The Kings Declaration bearing Date Iune 20. 1638. was soon after published which contained his dispensation of the Service-book and Canons with a promise of calling a general Assembly and Parliament with all convenient Expedition requiring his subjects to contain themselves in their duty and not further to hearken to any Rebellious suggestions As soon as the Herauld had proclaimed it the Covenanters were ready upon a Scaffold there erected with a Protestation against it having before possest the People that if this Declaration were hearkened unto it would bring undoubted ruine to their Religion Laws and Liberties which they publiquely read importing some new additions to their former demands and cavils at the
departed a contented King from a contented people The Parliament at Westminster had scarce yet sat in a full House from their Adjournment curiously prying into the Errors and male-Administration of the Government here but the fearful news came of a horrid Rebellion broke forth in Ireland It seems no sooner that careful diligent eye of the Earl of Strafford was first distorted by the Scotch affairs and after put out and extinguished by the English envy but the Irish resumed their wonted desires after liberty which they never yet attempted upon a less foundation than a total Massacre and utter extirpation of the English in that Kingdom so that in effect however the Parliament threw the odium of that Rebellion there upon the King Questionless it can be no where imputable ab extra from without but from their unwarrantable proceeding against the said Earl whose name and presence alone would have been sufficient to have prevented it or his wisdom and power able to have suppressed it This affrighting news when the Kingdom was already in a trepidation labouring with its own fears and pretended dangers soon brought the King from Scotland with all possible haste to London where notwithstanding those troubles he was most welcomly and as magnificently entertained the Citizens on Horseback with Gold-chains and in their several Liveries in Rayles placed along the streets chearfully receiving him the sober part of the Nation not valuing the Irish troubles if the King and his Parliament should but happily agree if the breaches could be but closed here there was no doubt of stanching the wound there But it was otherwise meant by the faction who added that conflagration as fuel to this suggesting to the multitude that what was acted against the Protestants there was likewise intended to be put in Execution here the Authors of one being also so of the other sinisterly traducing the King as inclining to Popery which they point-blank charged upon the Archbishop of Canterbury which imputation diffused it self afterwards upon the whole Order This torrent of the multitude was swelled so high even at this reception of the King that one Walker an Iron-monger as his Majesty passed from Guild-Hall where he was most sumptuously feasted at the City-charge Sir Richard Gurney being then Mayor threw into his Coach a scandalous Libel Intituled To your Tents O Israel which indignity the King complained of and thereupon Walker was put in Prison yet afterwards he Libelled a great deal worse both in Press and Pulpit But since the settlement of the Church he procured a lawful Ordination I mention this man as the shame of that zealotry which so furiously commenced this unnatural War The first business transacted with the King by the two Houses was an account of the Irish Rebellion the King having acquainted them in a short Speech of his composure of the Scotch troubles and soon after conjuring them to joyn with him in the speedy suppressing of the Irish whose dangers grew every day greater Iobs Messengers perpetually bringing over worser and worser news from that Kingdom where most of the Nobility were confederated in that horrid revolt having made Sir Phelim Oneal the chief of the family of Tyrone the late famous Rebel there in the latter part of the Raign of Queen Elizabeth and bred in Lincolns-Inn and then a Protestant but turned a bloody Papist though a most sneaking and silly Coward the supreme Commander of their Forces which then were raised in great numbers throughout all the Provinces Deep waters run stillest and with the least noise so was it with this Plot. It was very strange that a designe of such vastness of so great mischief and horrour should be concealed among a multitude that were concerned in it But this devilish secrecy was imputable onely to the ancient irreconciliable malice of the Irish against the English whose yoke sundry times they had attempted to shake off not for any oppression they were under but out of a natural desire of being Lords and Masters of their own liberty But nevertheless it pleased God that it came in the very nick of the execution of their Plot to be revealed by one of that Nation or otherwise that Kingdom had been in danger to be lost as Sicily was from the French by a sudden massacre The chief Instrument in carrying on this horrible Plot was one Roger Moor descended of an ancient Irish family but allyed to most of the Gentlemen of the English Pale He made several journeys into all the four Provinces of this Kingdom communicating his intelligences from forrain Popish Courts and the transactions of their Priests and Fryars there to the encouragement of this Revolt Another of the greatest confidents and complices in this designe was the Lord Viscount Gormanston of the English Pale which generally sided with the Rebels as being inoculated into Irish stocks and were Papists generally though against all opinion of the Council for that they had been such enemies to the Earl of Tyrone in his grand Rebellion But the menacing speeches and denunciations of the English Parliament against Papists in both Kingdoms especially in this where they threatned a total extirpation cannot be denyed to be one if not the principal cause why they made this defection from their Country and Allegiance The 23 of October was the day pitcht upon for the general rising and the Lord Macguire Col. Mac Mahon Col. Plunket and Capt. Fox Hugh Birn and Roger Moor were appointed for the seizure of Dublin-Castle which would at once have done their work those persons with a competent number of men to their assistance came one day before to Town and had conference together at the Lyon-Tavern near Copper-Ally where one Owen O Conally an Irish Gentleman but a retainer to Sir Iohn Clotworthy was admitted and by Mac Mahon informed of the conspiracy After a large drinking to their next mornings success O Conally privily repaired to the Lord Justice Parsons to whom and Sir Iohn Borlace the other Justice the Government was committed after my Lord Straffords death The Lord Dillon was likewise named and constituted but to avoid the jealousie and grudgings thereat the King had disauthorized him and very disturbedly and confusedly by reason of the drink and his horrour at the story revealed the chiefest part of it It was thereupon advised by the said Lord Justice for a fuller and certainer account to send him back again to the said Mac Mahon commanding him to return that night again to him which he did from the said Tavern and company who would have kept him there all night by pretending to ease himself and thence leaping over a wall and a set of pales into the streets In the mean time the Lord Justice Parsons went to the Lord Borlaces house and there assembled a Council by the coming of Sir Thomas Rotheram and Sir Robert Meredith who resolved first to attend the return of O Conally who in his
the Army But the main was that they durst not offer to set upon or impede the King in his March the next morning but go away far enough from him to Coventry and thereby lost Banbury wherein was a well-appointed Garrison to the King which was a remarkable Trophee of his Conquest However both parties gave God solemn thanks on days set apart for their success and victory the Parliament adding other to their General for his valour and good conduct in that business and presented him with 5000 l. for a reward of his service On both sides were slayn here neer 6000 men as by the Country it was judged who had the burial of the dead On the Kings party were slayn of note the right Noble and valiant the Lord Aubigney who died of his wounds at Abingdon and was buried in Christ-Church Oxford Father to the most illustrious Charles Duke of Richmond the Earl of Lindsey Sir Edmond Varney as before and Colonel Monro a Scotch-man On the Parliaments side the Lord St. Iohn of Bletso who dyed also of his wounds Colonel Essex and Lieutenant-Colonel Ramsey all men of singular courage and resolution The Earl of Essex next day marched towards Coventry and the King by Ayno where his Army refreshed themselves to Banbury which was presently delivered to him and so to Oxford The King marching from Oxford was by the way to London met by Commissioners from the Parliament tendring Propositions and desiring that during the Treaty the Kings Army should march no neerer this way to spin time while Essex could recruit his Army Wherefore the King advancing from Colebrook came to Brainford where part of the Parliaments Army being the Regiments of Colonel Hollis Hambden and the Lord Brooks for a while maintained their ground stoutly but being over-powred some were driven into the River and there drowned and three hundred slayn among whom was Lieutenant-Colonel Quarles and as many taken prisoners This brought a general consternation upon the City of London all shops were shut up and all the Regiments both Trained Bands and Auxiliaries were drawn out So that the Earl of Essex had a most compleat and numerous Army of a sudden Hereupon the King presently marched away fearing to be encompassed by the Parliamentarians over Kingston-bridge which he broke down to stop the pursuit Essex made after him to Reading and so to Oxford where he took up his Winter-quarters The Cities of Winchester and Chichester delivered to the Parliament Marlborough to the King and the Lord Hopton armed against the Earl of Stamford several Towns taken for the King in the West others for the Parliament in the North. Cyrencester had been Garrisoned by the Parliament-Forces of Glocester being the mid way betwixt that City and Oxford Upon this place Prince Rupert had a designe though his march that way was given out for the regaining of Shudly Castle out of which Colonel Massey had smothered the Royallists with wet hay for afteâ— he had passed some ten miles beyond Cyrencester he suddenly returned back and surprized the Guards within two hours time became Master of the place putting the Earl of Stamfords Regiment to the Sword who made a stout opposition taking 1100 prisoners and 8000 arms and other provisions for War it being newly made a Magazine From thence the Prince came before Glocester summoned the Town and departed The Lord Brook and the Earl of Northampton were in Arms against each other in the Counties of Warwick and Stafford where several small skirmishes had been between them At last in March the Lord Brook came and besieged Litchfield Close Garrisoned by the King and as he was viewing the approaches to it out of a Window in the Tower a single Bullet from the Close shot him in the head through the eye of which he fell down dead nevertheless the siege was continued and the Close delivered to the Parliamentarians His death happened by the shot aforesaid on St. Chads day in whose memory the Minster from whence he was killed is called by the name of St. Chad he being the first Bishop of that See The Kings Forces under the command of Lieutenant-General the Lord Wilmot assisted with his own Regiment of Horse that of the Lords Grandisons and Digbies with Sir William Pennimans and Colonel Blagues Regiment of Foot and Colonel Vshers and Colonel Greys of Dragons took the Town of Marlborough defended by Colonel Ramsey a Scot and about five hundred Foot the said Ramsey and divers of the chief Rebels brought prisoners to Oxford all their Arms taken and four Colours and the Town Garisoned for the King This day paid success to the King also in the North where the Earl of New-Castle besieged Tadcaster a place well fortified and better manned the strength of the Parliament-Forces being summed up in this Town and Hull Several Assaults were made most part of that day and evening wherein several were killed among whom was Captain Lifter This resolution so discouraged the defendants that they Slipt away in the night to Cawood and Selby leaving the Town in a very tenable condition for his Majesties service Leeds stormed by the Lord Fairfax and a defeat given to the Royalists thereabouts and Belvoir-Castle belonging to the Earl of Rutland surprized for the King while neer the same time Colonel Massey played feats in Glocester-shire and Salisbury plundered by another party of the Parliaments Yarum-fight also betwixt Colonel Goring and General King against some Forces of the Parliament as Colonel Goring was conveying the Arms and Ammunition he brought over with him from Holland who had the Victory About this time happened a Skirmish betwixt Colonel Hambden and Sir Gilbert Gerrard at the Brill of which Sir Gilbert was Governour wherein about a hundred were killed and wounded of the Parliaments side the rest fled The Queen having taken Shipping at Scheveling neer the Hague in Holland on the 22 being met by the Earl of Newcastle the Marquess of Montrosâ— and the Lord Ogilby she landed at Burlington-Bay where on the 24 came four Ships of the Parliaments who making several shots of cross-Bars against the house she was forced to rise out of her Bed and to get under a Hill to save her life and then was honourably conducted through Maltou and Norburton to York and from thence not long after to his Majesties great content who most entirely loved her as she him met the King at Edge-Hill After General Essex had recruited his Army with new supplies the first thing he attempted was the siege of Reading which being manfully defended by Sir Arthur Aston till he received a wound on his head by the falling of a Brick-bat and the relief brought by the King himself from Oxford being worsted at Caversham-bridge after ten days siege was yielded by Colonel Fielding then substituted Governour to the Parliament In the North things went something equaller then before on the Parliaments side Sir Thomas Fairfax had defeated the
refreshment there Marched the next morning being Friday with the whole Army to Reading where he stayed till the Sabbath was past and caused publique Thanks to be given for his victory About this time Sir Nicholas Crispe Farmer of the Kings Customes and a Commander for the King by Land and afterward by Sea commanding a Regiment of Horse had the Convoy of the Train of Artillery from Oxford to the Sâ—ege of Glocester which he brought safely thither and quartered at a Knights house in Rouslidge near Glocester where he findes the best part of the house taken up by Sir Iames Enyon and other Gentlemen of no Command in the Army These Gentlemen chanced to miss some of their Horses out of their Pastures and suspecting the Colonels Souldiers very rashly demand satisfaction of the Colonel who refusing to draw forth his Souldiers upon Sir Iames his pleasure the said Knight departs and sends a Gentleman to him with a Challenge the contents of which was That he should meet him in a certain adjoyning Field with his Sword which if he did refuse to do he would Pistol him against the Wall Sir Nicholas accompanied with only one Friend within an hour goes to the appointed place where he findes Sir Iames and the Gentleman that brought the Challenge and desired to understand of Sir Iames the ground of his quarrel with him adding that his Command in the Army might excuse him from fighting however he was come with a Christian resolution to give him all reasonable satisfaction for what injury he had done of which he proâ—essed to be ignorant Sir Iames replied he expected justice from his Sword and thereupon drew Sir Nicholas doing the like the encounter followed wherein Sir Iames received an unfortunate thrust about the rim of his belly and was straightway conveyed to the aforesaid house and within two days died On Munday the 2 of October following a Council of War sat upon Sir Nicholas but considering the provocations that were given him in his own quarters they thought it justice to acquit him from any punishment in that Court and referred him to the King who being informed of the occasion of their difference Sir Nicholas was admitted to kiss his Majesties hand and received his Gracious Pardon under the Great Seal Pity it were so worthy and learned a Divine as Doctor Featly should be buried in Oblivion though by the Parliament he was for some years in the Lord Peters House in Aldersgate-street London for opposing the strict Rules of the Covenant he was formerly Minister at Lambeth but his Livings were given away and his Books bestowed on Mr. White of Dorchester From Reading the General was received at London with great Triumph the Army Marching into the City and were welcomed especially the Trained Bands by their Friends and met by the Lord Mayor and Aldermen at Temple-bar and the King departed to take up his Winter-quarters about Oxford This Expedition though not so successful as the Parliament voyced it yet buoyed them up in their reputation which was before very low so that soon after they came to ballance the Kings fortune which went less through the Confederation of the Scots who were then in preparation according to the agreement and Covenant entred into here to enter this Kingdom in assistance of the Parliament The King sensible of this and for practising whereof or at least intelligence with the main Agitators therein he in Ianuary sent the Marquess Hamilton Prisoner to Pendennis-Castle who had all along assured him to the contrary And being daily sollicited by the pressing miseries of his Irish Subjects who were not able to subsist longer under them to procure them some rest and respit from the violence of that Rebellion as also the better to withdraw his Protestant Army out of that Kingdom to his own assistance here against the Invasion of the Scots by the Marquess of Ormond his Lieutenant there concluded a Cessation for a year with those Rebels and then gave order that 3000 of his English Army should be Embarqued which soon after in November landed in Wales under the Command of Sir Michael Earnely a Wilt-shire Gentleman slain in the second Newbery Battel and Colonel Monk after the most renowned General Duke of Albemarl which being afterwards divided to make up several broken Regiments by Prince Rupert were rendred not so serviceable by reason of the change of Officers and parting with their old Comrades as they might have been had they continued in a Body together being most of them veterane and well-experienced Souldiers The greatest part of those Forces besieging Nantwich in Cheshire were surprized after a sudden and stout resistance made by Sir Thomas Fairfax who was sent thither with all speed to keep them from taking head in those Counties Among the Prisoners was this Colonel Monk who was sent up to the Tower of London where he continued a Prisoner in very hard durance till the War was near expired and then took a Commission for Ireland from which auspicious employment have sprung all his Heroick most glorious Actions towards the King and Kingdom But to give a more particular account of the War which was parcelled out into all the Corners of the Kingdom we must insert here other actions of the noble Marquess of Newcastle and those Forces which he sent the Queen upon her advance Southward to Newark The hot news whereof alarmed the Members at Westminster most of the Northern parts being already reduced for the King and these considerable places since the Battel at Adderton-Heath gained chiefly by the valour of Sir Henry Howard and Sir Savile who both lost their lives there and were interred together in York-Minster Howly House Tamworth Castle Burton upon Trent and Bradford yeilded to the Marquesses Forces Hallifax was likewise quitted by the Lord Fairfax himself with much ado shifting up and down with his broken Party and suffering Beverly near Hull to fall into the same hands until the Parliament sent down the Earl of Manchester to oppose this torrent of the Royal success who rising with his Associated Forces from Lyn which was yeilded to him September 16 part of which had toward the end of Iuly under the Command of Cromwel and Ireton surprized Burleigh House and Stamford and seized several eminent Gentlemen of those parts who were sent Prisoners to a new Goal in Maiden-street London Marched to the assistance of the Lord Willoughby of Parham then hardly put to it and who had lately yeilded Gainsborough upon Articles to the said Marquess of Newcastle And here I must not omit the death of a most eminent honourable person upon account of this unfortunate Garrison while in my Lord Willougâ—bies possession Some of his Forces had surprized the Earl of Kingston Father to the present Marquess of Dorchester and brought him hither whence for better security of his person which was of great concernment to the Kings affairs
Religion While this Army was a modelling many disorders happened which retarded their settlement it was to consist of fourteen thousand Foot and seven thousand Horse and Dragoons effective so that the Spring was well advanced before they were in any readiness Therefore the Scots Army was intreated to advance South-ward with all speed to assist the Parliament in the mean time It is to be noted that the first contrivance of Addresses was from Oliver Cromwel who having by this Model and by a Salvo to him from the injunction of the Ordinance the Regiment of Colonel Leg which had been in some muttering and discontent against the Parliament conferred on him did as soon as he had Mustered them present a Paper to them wherein they professed their future adherence to the Parliament in all duty and affection as to the utmost hazard of their lives which Precedent and leading Case was followed throughout the Army and since throughout the Times The Scots we said before were sent for to march more Southward having left all things secure behind them save Carlisle which was then Besieged for Newcastle they had taken of which we must speak a little They had layn a long while for many months a close and desperate Siege to it where several Sallies and Skirmishes had happened it proving one of the hardest resolutest Sieges in the Kingdom all sorts of policy of peace and war by Treaty by Mines by Assaults having been frequently used but to little purpose the Inhabitants resolving never if possible to fall into the Scots hands But on Saturday the nineteenth of October all the Scotch Army furiously set upon the Town and having weakened the defences thereof both as to the Fortifications and the Garrison having made three breaches by their Battery and Mines after a tedious Storm they at last mastered it Sir Iohn Morley and Sir Nicolas Cole and Sir George Baker got to the Castle where being forced by necessity they came to a Capitulation which in Articles concluded a surrender on the twenty seventh of the same month The town being taken by assault was plundered sufficiently over and over again and thanks was given solemnly at London for the giving of Newcastle up to their Brethren of Scotland And very great reason they had to do so for the poorer sort of people had been almost starved for the last two years for want of fuel Coles having risen to the price of four pound a Chaldron never heard of before in London as to the half of it Sir Iohn Hotham and his son had been prisoners in the Tower of London since Iuly 1643. Now upon the new Model several of the old strains were heard as every Change began with Outcryes the noyse was justice now against Delinquents the Sword had glutted it self almost with blood now the Ax was to tast some of it but because of order it is fit to put Sir Alexander Carew in the forlorn of those men who on the three and twentieth of December was beheaded on Tower-Hill being condemned by a Council of War held at Guild-hall for endeavouring to betray Plymouth-Fort where he was Commander to the King This unfortunate person of whom something strange as to the business of the Earl of Strafford hath been said before was brother to the more miserable Iohn Carew one of the Judges of his late Majesty On the twenty seventh of December Sir Iohn Hotham received sentence in like manner for his endeavour to betray Hull to the King and for holding and maintaining correspondence and intelligence with the Marquess of Newcastle and others the Earl of Manchester and other great persons sitting in the Hustings Court at Guild-hall as Judges He would have evaded the Charge but he could not throughly do it and so mainly insisted on the great service he had done before at Hull when he might have expected great honour and preferment He also produced some witnesses of quality on purpose to take off the testimony of the Examinants against him but they were not received for sufficient His Excecution should have been on the thirty first of December upon Tower-hill where the multitude was assembled the Scaffold his Coâ—fin and Executioner was in readiness but as he was on his way thither a Reprieve came from the Lords for four days longer which the Commons so stomacked that conceiving their Priviledge hereby invaded they ordered he should dye on the second of Ianuary which was accordingly performed his son suffered the day before for the same offence and both of them dying with great reluctancy and reflecting upon the Parliament being assisted in this sad business with no better comforter than Hugh Peters In their grave we leave them with that most excellent memorial of them in the Kings book than which nothing can be more truely or pathetically said of them give me leave for an example to posterity to transcribe a Paragraph Nor did a solitary vengeance serve the turn the cutting off one head in a family is not enough to expiate the affront done to the head of the Common-weal the eldest son must be involved in the punishment as he was infected with the sin of his father against the father of his Country Root and Branch God cuts off in one day That which makes me more pitie him is that after he began to have some inclinations towards a repentance for his sin and reparation of his duty to me he should be so unhappie as to fall into the hands of their Iustice and not my Mercie who could as willingly have forgiven him as he could have asked that favour of me Poor Gentleman he is now become a notable Monument of unprosperous Disloyaltie teaching the world by so sad and unfortunate a spectacle that the rude carriage of a Subject carries always its own Vengeance as an unseparable shadow with it and those oft prove the most fatal and implacable Executioners of it who were the first employers in the service Less than this could not be afforded to this most notable passage of the times whose ill beginning with this man brought him to this ill and unfortunate end The Assembly of Divines Convocated by the Parliament had sate a good while in consultation of Church-Government and though they were forward enough to subvert what they sound standing yet by the interposition of more moderate and learned Divines who happened to be chosen among the rest such as Dr. Featly whom at last the Parliament stifled in restraint and Dr. after Bishop Gauden and others that speed was retarded but upon this request of the Parliament to the Scots for their speedy advance in exchange of mutual kindness they demanded the speedy settlement of the Presbyterian Government and that the Orders and Ceremonies of the Church of England might not be used in the interim in any of the Churches of the places where they should happen to quarter Presently upon the receipt of this Letter the
with the Parliament but Hamilton was over-trusted Much ado he had to pass the ways being so strictly guarded while the Scotch Army was in England At his arrival in the Highlands being supplyed with 1100 men from the Marquess of Antrim out of Ireland and another addition under the Lord Kilpont and the Earl of Perths Son he marched to find out the Army of Covenanters then gathered under the command of Tullybarn the Lord Elch and Drummond consisting of a great Force into Perth-shire where at Tepper-Moor he obtained a great Victory his Souldiers for want of Arms and Ammunition making use of the Stones lying advantagiously on the Fighting-ground Here he killed no less then 2000 men whereupon Perth-City opened its Gates to the Conquerour To withstand and repress so dangerous an Enemy within the Bowels of the Kingdom another Army was raised and put under more Experienced Captains In the mean while Montross had fallen into Argyles Country where he made miserable havock intending utterly to break the Spirits of that people who were so surely Engaged to Arguiles side Here the Earl of Seaforth followed him with an Army and the Marquess of Argyle had another of the other side Montross therefore resolved to fight with one first and so fell upon that party under Argyle which he totally routed killed 1500 on the place the rest escaped and so the Marquess of Montross bent his way after the other Army which he defeated at Brechin being newly put under the command of Colonel Hurry afterwards offers Battel to Bayly who had another Army ready to fight him but he waited for advantages whereupon he marches after Hurry who had recruited and was pressing upon the Lord Gourdon having taken Dundee in his way and at Alderne discomfits him killing 1800 and dispersing the rest He seeks out Bayly to whom was joyned the Earl of Lindsey and at Alesford-hills forced them to fight utterly routed them and obtained a remarkable Victory But that which lessened the Triumph was the death of the Lord Gourdon one that was as the right hand of Montross A very Loyal Right Noble Gentleman being Eldest Son to the Marquess of Huntley After this he comes to St. Iohnstons where he alarm'd the Parliament there sitting and so into the Lowlands where the Kirk had another Army in readiness under the command of the aforesaid Bayly At a place called Kilsith both Armies met and a cruel Battel it was but in conclusion Success and Victory Crowned Montross's Head and almost 6000 of his Enemies were slain in this fight the pursuit being eagerly followed for a great way the Covenanters at first fighting very resolutely but the fortune of Montross still Prevailed The Nobility now every where readily assisted him and the Towns and Cities declared for him so that the Kingdom which afforded men and assistance for the Invasion of another Kingdom was not now able to defend it self the Governour so was Montross dignified being seized of all places almost of strength even as far as Edinburgh where some Royal prisoners were delivered to him The Estates of Scotland therefore sent for David Lesley while Montross expected Forces from the King under the Lord Digby which staid too long and were afterwards defeated at Sherburn in York-shire Upon the arrival of Lesley most of the Forces under Montross not dreading any Enemie so soon out of England were departed home so that Lesley finding Montross in a very weak condition at Philips-Haugh fell upon him before he could retreat almost before his Scouts could give him intelligence and there routs him He at first resolved to lose his life with the field but being perswaded of better hopes he resolutely charged thorow and brought the flying remains of his Army safe into the High-lands where he began new Levies But the fortune of the King failing every where he was the next year ordered by the King then in the Scots custody to disband and depart the Kingdom And so we leave him till a more unhappy revolution of time In the beginning of this year Colonel Massey received a defeat at Lidbury the manner thus Prince Rupert who had for some time quartered thereabouts to make new Levies had intercepted some Scouts and by them understood the Col. had taken up his quarters there intending to fall upon Sir Iohn Winter who had been his restless adversary throughout the War in Gloucester-shire and who being called into the Army had tired his house which he had maintained as a Garison against all opposition When the Prince was within half a mile of the Town Massey took the Alarm commanded his Horse to mount and gave order for his Foot to march that the Royalists might not get before them which the Prince aimed at A furious Charge the said Horse maintained consisting principally of Officers among whom was Kirl that betrayed Monmouth at last Massey was forced to flye narrowly escaping taking Major Backhouse his great second being mortally wounded with divers others and some common Souldiers taken Prisoners the rest fled to Gloucester in haste with the Governour But that which deservedly ought to begin the year was the investiture of Sir Thomas Fairfax in the supreme Command of the Army It was the first of April when he received his Commission and on the twenty third of April he went from London to Windsor to perfect the new Model where he continued in that troublesome affair to the end of the month In the mean time Colonel Cromwel who had been commanded out of the West by the Ordinance of the Parliament against Members continuance in any Military command whose limitations of forty days was then expired came thither to salute the General and next morning was stopped there with a dispensation from his attendance on the House for forty days longer which was extended to the length For Prince Rupert and his brother Maurice had gathered a competent Army of Horse in Worcester-shire and the confines of Wales and were ordered by the King to come and fetch him off with his Infantry and Train of Artillery from Oxford To which purpose a Convoy of Horse was presently dispatched consisting of near 2000 being the Regiments of the Queen the Earl of Northampton the Lord Wilmot and Colonel Palmer while the Princes advanced in a body after them Upon advertisement thereof the Committee of both Kingdoms recommended it to the General to send Lieutenant-General Cromwel with some Horse to march beyond Oxford and lye on the way to Worcester to intercept the same Convoy With a party of Horse and Dragoons therefore then on the field neither mustered nor recruited as of the new Model Cromwel immediately marched found the enemy and engaged them neer Islip-bridge routed them took 400 Horse and 200 Prisoners and the Qeens Standard And to make up this a kind of a victory presently summoned Blechington-house within four miles of Oxford where Colonel Windebank
the enjoyment of the Laws and Liberties thereof and in order thereunto and that the Houses may receive no delays nor interruptions in so great and necessary a work they have taken these Resolutions and passed these Votes following viz. Resolved upon the Question 1. That the Lords and Commons do declare that they will make no further Addresses or Applications to the King 2. That no Application or Address be made to the King by any person whatsoever without leave of both Houses 3. That the person or persons that shall make breach of this Order shall incur the penalties of High Treason 4. That the Lords and Commons do declare that they will receive no more any Message from the King and do-enjoyn that no person whatsoever do presume to receive or bring any Message from the King to both or either Houses of Parliament or to any other person Which Resolves by their Order were Printed and by the respective Members dispersed into the Counties to give notice of the intended severity against the Offenders But this was not all they would be thought to do this from Right Reason and therefore they second this Resolution with another Remonstrance as far beyond the other delivered at Hampton-Court for silly and ridiculous imputations as that from Duty and Truth The old stale and exploded Stories of Rochel and the Isle of Rhee Ship-money Monopolies c. for which the King had given them satisfaction being numbred again into this Charge They would fain have made use also of that Story of the Plaister applied to King Iames by the Duke of Buckingham but their subornation failing which was attempted by Sir Arthur Haselrig's Brother who produced one Smalling for that purpose who disâ—ppointed them as to the Papers he was said to have as proofs thereof it being a most notorious lye they let that falshood alone and betook themselves to more plausible yet self-guilty criminations But all these devices and fig-leaves could not hide the guilt of their actions the people every were loathing to be abused any longer with these fictions of misgovernment when they perceived what masters of misrule they had proved themselves This the Grandees found at some conferences with the City whom still they thought to have befooled and sweetned out of their money but soon saw they were mistaken The Art of perswasion had lost its power and plain force if any thing was to be used which as the case stood they durst not venture for the Town was full of rage and madness and expected but the first blow However the richer sort reserved themselves as equally slaves to the Army and Riches From this difficulty therefore they turn to a more facile undertaking hoping to delude the King whom his hard restraint could not but have softned to their hands and though Colonel Hamond upon the delivery of the Kings Answer to the Propositions to the Commissioners had turned away His Majesties Servants and made Him a close prisoner telling the King who demanded the reason of it that He was acted by ill Counsels to the destruction of the Kingdom and that He did it by Authority of Parliament before they knew the said Answer which the King said they would never reply to yet was he now employed by Cromwel during the force of these Votes to make new Offers to the King from the Army the drift being to get Him to own the Army as He had formerly done against the Parliament till by that means His Friends reposing themselves likewise on their integrity and the people also amused they might of a sudden irresistibly destroy Him To this purpose they cajoled Colonel Ashburnham and Sir Iohn Berkley whom Hamond yet retained about the Kings Person to convey their poyson of perfidy more unsuspectedly into the King and the Earl of Southampton was likewise dealt withal but he better understood them and declined all manner of commerce or correspondence with them having had the advantages of liberty and opportunity of prying into the Cabal Several persons were employed as Messengers in this transaction who were never questioned or punished as the Resolves had declared Very many as was said before were the discontents of the people against the Parliament ready but for fear of the Army to burst out into Insurrections when the near sense of the Kings Captivity whose sighs were imagined to be heard in the Island so affected one Captain Burleigh lately of the Kings Army and then an Inhabitant there that not able to endure his Princes sufferings and injuries he beat a Drum in the Island intending to gather a force sufficient to rescue Him from His Imprisonment but was quickly seized and supprest by Hamond who sent him over to Winchester in order to his tryal by a special Commission of Oyer and â—erminer Against which time one Major Rolf accused by one Osborne a Servant of the King 's of a designe to have assassinated Him which accusation was with much ado admitted though Rolf was like to be torn in pieces by the Citizens of London upon his seizure in Bishops-gate-street meerly upon the bare Rumour of his Crime was brought down from the Gate-house and tryed there likewise by the same Judge and Jury The matter was delegated to Serjeant Wilde and Sir H. Mildmay betwixt whom and the said packt Jury Burleigh was found guilty of High Treason for levying War against because for the King and the other Rolf quitted by Ignoramus for his wilful intention of parricide Captain Burleigh courageously sealed his Cause with his blood dying a Loyal Martyr for the King and his Country and is worthily inscribed into that Roll though the stupid and Subjects uncompassionate of their Princes miseries accounted him rash and inconsiderate Upon this Attempt Hammond sends to the Parliament for an additional strength to maintain the Island and Rainsborough who was newly put in the place of Vice-Admiral Batten a Presbyterian and who had done good service though now the Independents were possest of all places was Commanded with his Fleet to sorround the Island and to guard it and next out comes a Declaration of the Army wherein they promise to live and dye with the Parliament in pursuance of these Votes and so for a while they piece together again like Herod and Pilate where we leave them and cast a look into Scotland and Ireland Scotland this year was infamous for the butchery and death of many gallant personages taken at the defeat of Montross at Philipshaugh whom the Covenanters having carried up and down with them till they setled at St. Iohnstons there Executed them The first whereof was Colonel Nathaniel Gordon and another of his noble name then Sir Robert Spotswood a man of most polite and deep learning especially in the Oriental Languages he was made the Kings Secretary of Scotland in the place of the Earl of Lanerick which together with his other abilities accelerated
his end His last words were Jesu have mercy on me and gather my soul with those that have run before me in this Race Next to him Mr. Andrew Guthrey Son to the Bishop of Murray And lastly Mr. William Murray a young Gentleman of some 19 years old Brother to the Earl of Tullibardin who most magnanimously encountred Death behaving himself as he said His End would prove as the greatest honour of his Family For this Blood Scotland hath since pretty well satisfied the Divine Justice I pray God it be yet fully expiated and attoned There escaped out of their clutches the Lord Ogleby the day before his designed Martyrdom disguised in his Sisters apparel To conclude these Funerals in Scotland Ferdinando Lord Fairfax Father to Sir Thomas the General whose Barony is Scotish dyed about the same time of a Gangrene occasioned by cutting a Corn on his toe and devolved that Honour to Sir Thomas In Ireland upon the advance of the Rebels in so formidable a posture against Dublin the Marquess of Ormond was forced to capitulate with the Parliament and in Iune according to agreement delivered that City to Colonel Iones and other Parliament-Commissioners who brought over with them 1000 Foot and 500 Horse and the Marquess came over into England and attended the King at Hampton-Court and in his removes with the Army with an account of Ireland till upon his going into the Isle of Wight he transported himself into France and from thence not long after back again into Ireland by the Kings Commission with the above mentioned Forces some recruits out of England and other broken Troops of the Marquesses amounting in all to 3000. Colonel Iones resolved to march against the Irish who under the Lord Preston within 12 miles of Dublin met him at a disadvantage and totally routed him killing many and taking some few prisoners the rest escaping with difficulty to Dublin The Parliament had undertaken the War and were therefore troubled at this unsuccessful beginning but they presently re-inforced Iones who taking courage met with the same Enemy again and neer Trim utterly defeated him crying over and above quits with him for his last defeat After his two Wings had discomfited the two Wings of the Irish by plain Valour their main Battle of 3000 Foot betook themselves to a Bog where the English followed and made great slaughter those that escaped thence the Horse killed This slaughter one of the greatest during all the War was reckoned just to 5470. The Commander of them with Preston hardly escaped and joyned with O Neal who lately had given a terrible defeat to the Scots in Vlster Upon this Victory twenty several places yielded themselves to Iones who omitted not to prosecute his success till the Winter summoned him to his quarters at Dublin Neer the same time the Lord Inchiqueen had a like good success in Munster against the Lord Taaf where he killed near 3000. But the Parliament designing to out him of his Command he being President of that Province and to confer it upon the Lord Lisle or Broghil to that purpose endeavouring to secure his person and convey him into England he declared against the Independent prevailing party in England and for a speedy composure with the King and forthwith joyned his Forces with the said Lord Taaf who with a part of that Catholick Army had declared solely for the King This spoiled all the Triumphs of Iones his Conquest and made the Parliament look about them Ireland being by this means further from being reduced than it was the first day of the Rebellion An enterprise Cromwel resolved to undertake when he had overcome the difficulties of his Invasion and Usurpation of the Government in England In the mean while a Treaty was set on foot by the Faction with O Neal and the Lord Inchiqueen's Commission taken away some of his Treacherous Officers put upon him to that purpose as Spies by the Parliament revealing and deposing his correspondencies with the Presbyterian party of the Parliament who were by the said Examinations sworn to have procured their pardon of the King to act for him for the future which Independent Fetch to beget a new impeachment bringing us back into England we proceed in the affairs thereof where we shall see the Scene altered the domineering Army and their Grandees at Derby-house which managed all seeking shelter for their outrages The House of Lords had scrupled the passing of the Votes of Non-addresses 10 against 10 but the Army quartering at the Mews and at White-Hall made them come to it whereupon the next day the Army gave them their Thanks and with those another piece of Journey-work which was comprised in a Message sent down from them to the Commons to desire their concurrence to the Engagement of those Members that fled to the Army to live and dye with the Army It was debated all day until 7 a clock at night and then the question put That this House doth approve the Subscription of the said Members to the said Engagement which was carried in the affirmative by 10 Voices To prosecute this project now that the Army was afraid of the Scots advance there being sufficient ground of quarrel as they had set forth in their Papers they would have the Parliament and City to own their late forcing of them if called to account for it see the base vicissitudes of Villany now insolent then most sordidly fearful Nor repeating all the Adjutators said to this subscribing the Engagement where they acknowledge That they Rule by Power onely and that the House of Commons is no longer theirs than they over-awe them and they fear the Critical day will come which will discover the Parliament to be no longer theirs than while they have a force upon it The Independent party Proposed to unite all Interests in the Houses City and Army and Cromwel made a Speech in Parliament to that purpose but was snapt up by a Member That they were chosen and trusted by the people to pursue one Common interest and Common good Safety and Liberty of the People and whosoever had any peculiar Interest eccentrick from that was not fit to Sit in that Assembly and deserved to be called to a strict account by those that trusted him And one of Cromwels Agents Mr. Glover was employed to the City on the same errand who offered them the release of their Aldermen then Prisoners and the setting up their Fosts and Chains upon a mutual agreement which the City likewise generously rejected as foreseeing the Scots Invasion and therefore denyed any correspondency with them upbraiding them with their past actions and reiterated Violences Cromwel was troubled at this rejectment but resuming his wonted impudence taxed his Agents by what Authority they had made that Overture who producing his own he falsly renounced it Yet the plot ceased not here his implacable malice cast about presently another way to
drain the Fountain of his Masters life and Honour * Sir Iohn Bourchier another Yorkshire Knight an Independent Mercenary who from the Crisis of their prevalencie workt for them and that he might not be out of the way when occasion should serve them diligently dined at Hell and to compleat his work consented to this Murther * Col. Purefoy a Warwickshire Gentleman and Governour once of Coventry a great Zealot against Crosses and no less against Crowns He imbrued his hands in the Blood of his Prince but could not tell for the ease of his Conscience upon his death-bed how he should wipe them * Iohn Blakestone formerly a Shop-keeper in Newcastle where pretending himself a Presbyterian while the Scots were there he was chosen Burgess for that Town and jugling a while among the Independent Faction learnt a worse Trade and the wicked Craft of King-killing * Sir William Constable a Yorkshire-man one who sold his Lands to Sir Marmaduke after Lord Langdale in the beginning of our Troubles but when the said Lord was made a Delinquent regained them for nothing was a great Rumper and at their hand for this Parricide he died Governour of Gloucester and a great Commander in the North. * Richard Dean Colonel and General at Sea where he was slain by a Cannon-shot standing by the Renowned General Monk his Colleague This person was formerly a Hoymans servant in Ipswich and when the War began was a Matross in the Train of Artillery and role to a Captains Command therein and was famous first at the Siege of Exeter being a cross Fellow was thought fit to be one of Cromwels Complices to execute his Plots against his Sovereigns life * Francis Allen once a Gold-smith in Fleet-street where he leapt into a pretty Estate by marrying his Mistress was chose a Recruit of the Long Parliament and adhered to the Juncto for their admission of him was made one of the Treasurers at War a Customer and had Crone-house given him and held it in Capite Regis after that Murther was made one of the Committees for sale of his Majesties Lands c. * Peregrine Pelham a Yorkshire Tike not of the Sussex-Family a kind of Governour of Hull after Hotham the dutiful carriage of which place taught him afterwards this Trayterous deportment in the High Court of Justice * Iohn Moor formerly Colonel of the Guards and had the benefit of all Passes from London * Iohn Allured a Souldier of Fortune promoted for his hand in this Villany to be a Colonel died just before his Majesties Restitution * Humphry Edwards a Member of the Long-Parliament discontented against the King for being denied by him a Preferment he deserved not which rankled and feâ—red him into this malicious Parricide * Sir Gregory Norton a poor Knight one of the Pensioners to the King had Richmond-Mannor and House as good as given him for this Service against his good Master and Sovereign * Iohn Ven a broken Silk-man in Cheap-side made Governour of Windsor-Castle in the beginning of the War and had other profits and emoluments It is credibly reported that he hanged himself certain it is he died strangely and suddenly * Thomas Andrews a Linnen-draper in London afterwards a Treasurer for the Guild-hall Plate and Receiver for the Army he afterwards proclaimed the Act against Kingly Government and very narrowly prevented Justice * Anthony Stapely a Sussex Gentleman and Colonel and Governour of Chichester strangely wrought into this wicked Conspiracie * Thomas Horton a Recruit to the Long-Parliament of so mean and unknown a Quality before St. Fagons-Fight that that 's all the Character can be given him here * Iohn Fry another Recruit to the Long-Parliament a Yeoman and Committee-man of Dorsetshire he proved an Arrian in Print which Colonel Downs charged him with and so no wonder he that dar'd deny the Divinity of Christ was so cruelly Traiterous to the Majesty of his Prince * Thomas Hammond Son to Prince Henry's Physitian who most ungratefully and disloyally was the Kings Jaylor and verified that sad Presage and Oracle of the King That there are but few steps between the Prisons and Graves of Princes to the great trouble of his most Loyal and Learned Brother Dr. Henry Hammond the Kings beloved Chaplain * Isaack Pennington Lord Mayor of London two years together against the Kings express Command from Oxford a most implacable Rebel yet for all the spoil he got broke twice and hop'd to make good all by the death of his Sovereign since his Imprisonment he died in the Tower * Simon Meyne a Buckingham-shire-man of a good Estate but an illegal Recruit of the Long-Parliament a great Committee-man and Sequestrator of other mens Estates and being so initiated thought it no great matter to assist in this business of the Kings life since his Imprisonment he died in the Tower These of the Kings Iudges marked with ¶ are such as are in Prison in the Tower of London and elsewhere and are under Sentence of Death to be Executed at the pleasure of the King and Parliament ¶ Sir Hardress Waller a Souldier of Fortune once a Cavalier in Judgment then a Presbyterian upon the new Model an Independent where finding the uncontroulable sweetness of Pay and likeliness of greater Spoils he was hardned into this Conspiracie against the King and mastered his hopes of Wealth in Ireland being Major-General he was a prisoner in the Tower of London and confessed and deprecated his crime ¶ William Heveningham Esquire a Gentleman of the fairest Estate and as Gentile and Ancient a Family as any in Suffolk To keep ill Company is the way to be wicked Other causes and inducements to this horrid action are not publique and I will not dive further ¶ Col. Henry Marten Son of Sir Henry Marten Judge of the Perrogative-Court a most lewd vicious and infamous person who first spoke Treason against the King and his Family in the House of Commons and was in complement committed and suspended There was no question but he would act what he spoke when the power thereof was in his fellow-Traytors hands ¶ Owen Row a Silk-man of London a constant Commander in the Independent Militia thereof and so trained up to the perpetration of this wickedness ¶ Augustine Garland a Recruit of the Long-Parliament for the Borough of Quinborough in Kent in 1647. Chair-man of the Committee that drew up the pretended Act for the Kings Trial as rare a Blade as the worst of them at the spoil of the Kingdom a Lawyer and suspected to have spit in the Kings Face at his Trial. ¶ Henry Smith a Lawyer but a mean one of a fair Estate in Leicestershire 40 which was added as the hire of this villany a Six Clerks place in Cancery supposed to be drawn in and complicated in this Guilt ¶ Robert Titchbourn a Linnen-draper
of good City-Extraction a Colonel made by Fairfax Lieutenant of the Tower for a while Lord Mayor of London and one of the infamous Triers of his Sovereign the meritorious service oâ— all his preferments and greatness ¶ Col. George Fleetwood of Buckingham-shire Kinsman to Sir Miles Master of the Kings Court of Wards and Brother to Sir William a very Loyal and honest Gentleman and to Charles Fleetwood a very Knave and Fool. ¶ Iames Temple of Sussex Colonel came in to this pack for his share of the spoil a man remarkable for nothing but this horrid business ¶ Thomas Wait a Râ—tlâ—ndshire-man a Recruit to the Parliament chosen by the Armes influence and from a mean person made by them Governour of Burleigh by which means he became engaged to their Interests and Designes ¶ Peter Temple formerly a Linnen-drapers apprentice in Friday-street but his elder Brother dying forsook his Trade and was possest of some 400 pounds a year in Leicestershire was as a Recruit chosen Burgess for that County-town as Colleague to Sir Arthur Haslerig made a Captain of Horse and a great Committee-man but of very weak parts and easie to be led where the hopes and promises of profit guided him yet got nothing though a constant Rumper being fooled by Oliver into the snare as he hath often confessed it ¶ Robert Lilburn of the Bishoprick of Durham Brother of Iohn Lilburn the Trouble-world sided formerly with Cromwel and was through-paced to his Interests though another Brother repented and would have kept Tinmouth-castle for the King when Iohn fell off upon a Model of his own A Colonel of Horse he was made a while before this Regicide and so ran fearlesly into the danger of it ¶ Gilbert Millington a Lawyer and constant Chair-man of the Committee for plundered Ministers the sweets of which Imployment set his Teeth on edge and sharpned him to this cruel attempt upon his Sovereigns life ¶ Vincent Potter a Recruit of the said Long-Parliament a Mushroom-Member so suddenly sprung up and from such ignoâ—e Relations that the only knowledge of him came by this infamous Murder ¶ Iohn Downes formerly a Citizen then a Colonel in the Army and a Recruit to the Parliament and by menaces and threats engaged in this fatal business he would have opposed the violence that carried it but was over-born himself his Allegeance and Conscience being over-awed by Cromwel These of the Kings Iudges marked with ‖ are those that fled the Kingdome upon His Majesties Return ‑ Thomas Wogan a recruit likewise to the Parliament had his lesson set him upon his procured Election that he was to endeavour the Ruine of the Kingdom for his share in it and to destroy the King to become himself one of our Princes in the Anarchy ‑ Iohn Lisle a Gentleman and a Lawyer bred was born of a good Family who had a fair Patrimony in the Isle of Wight whose Father dyed there during the Treaty a severe and supercilious person clouded always with pretences of Religion and Common-wealth Interest The very picture of a male-content and by his countenance the counterfeit of Guy Fauks his Dark-lanthorn directed to this conspiracy For his service done herein he was made one of the Commissioners of the new Great Seal Master of Saint Crosses a place onely fit for a Divine worth 800 per annum in place of a reverend Doctor for which preferments he became obliged to the Blood-sucking State to assume the Scarlet Robes and the as deep dyed guilt of Iohn Bradshaw and be President to all the High Courts of Justice during the Usurpation the last effects of his sanguinous violence being the death of Sir Henry Slingsby Doctor Hewit and others of lesser quality He fled upon the return of the King and not long after fell himself by the hand of Violence ‑ William Say Esquire a Member also of the Long Robe and a well-practised but ill counselled Lawyer who for the Fee of this wicked combination had Liberty to get what he could being foysted in as one of the illegal recruits of the Long-Parliament He sate in the Chair of the Scorner when Lenthall the Speaker was sick of the sullens for ten days upon the approach of General Monke and gave himself the Thanks of the House while three Kingdoms gave him their Curses He is relatively good by a Brother now living Fellow of Oriel-Colledge in Oxford for whose sake I will speak no more of him till Justice finde him for he is fled ‑ Col. Valentine Walton whose first remarque was the marriage of Cromwel's Sister by whose awe and command he was made by the Parliament Governour of Lyn and Bashaw of the Isle of Ely which place he had fortified if before Cromwel could have compleated his designe he had been forced thither He hath escaped hitherto but remains in the list of the Fugitives of that tribe ‑ Col. Edward Whalley once a Wollen-draper descended from a Family in Nottingham-shire but decaying left the Ell and took up the Spear and from our first Troubles continued in them till he rose to be Commissary-General of the Horse These advantages taught him first to betray the King at Hampton-Court under pretence of affection when he made him fly to the Isle of Wight and to murder him afterwards without any scruple He is fled also ‑ Edmund Ludlow whose Father was a Traytor before him and uttered Treasonable words against the King in the House of Commons in 1643. which were afterwards accomplished by his Son in this unparallell'd Fact who by several gradations in the Parliament and Army came to be a Lieutenant-General and one of the chief Commissioners for Ireland ‑ Sir Michael Livesey a person of an undone reputation and Estate in Kent whose Plunder-Master-General he was in the progress of the War a fit person for the employment Dignum patella operculum ‑ Iohn Hewson a broken Shoo-maker or Cobler who by degrees rose to be a Colonel a Fellow fit for any mischief and capable of nothing else as his story will declare and therefore no wonder that he was a partaker in this impiety He is since dead in Exile and was buried by report at Amsterdam ‑ William Goffe a Salters Apprentice run from his Master into the Army and by his boldness was notified to the Grandees thereof who liking of his humour preferred him and served themselves with his company in this flagitious crime ‑ Cornelius Holland a Servant to Sir Henry Vane and preferred by him to the Green-cloth in the Kings Houshould His Father was a poor man and dyed a Prisoner in the Fleet but this Fellow got a vast Estate by his disloyalty against a good Master whom he not onely robbed but murthered ‑ Thomas Challoner a great Republican and Enemy to the King his Family and Government since he knew what it was the great Speech-maker against him
State-affairs to the settlement of the Nation and their Message to that purpose they had scornfully rejected not looking upon them as a part of the people but at one blow and with the breath of one Vote which imported that the House of Lords were useless and dangerous and so ought to be abolished they laid them aside having given order for an Act to be drawn up accordingly yet so far indulging their Honours the favour of any mean Subjects priviledge to be Elected either Knight or Burgess to serve in their House Against this civil and political Execution came forthwith likewise a Declaration and Protestation dated February the 8. in the name of the Nobility braving them with their illegal Trayterous Barbarous and bold saucy Usurpation with other arguments mingled with threats menaces invectives which will be too tedious to recite And indeed it was to little purpose then for it was too late to argue with or to Vapour against those men who were so Fortified in their new Empire by a so numerous and potent and well-paid Army Something might have been done when this Cockatrice was a hatching but now its angry looks were enough to kill those that enviously beheld it And to let them see how little they valued and how slightly they thought of the injury the Peers so highly urged they with the same easie demolition of Kingly-Government by a Vote that it is unnecessary burdensome and dangerous overwhelm the whole Fabrick together bidding them seek a place to erect their Monumental Lordships and Honour was never yet so neer a shaddow Now that they were thus possest of the whole entire Power and Authority for the better-exercise thereof and the speedier fruition of the sweets thereof they agree to part and divide the Province the Government among them To this end they concluded to erect an Athenian Tyranny of some 40 of them under the Name and Title of a Council of State to whom the Executive part of their Power should be committed while the Parliament as they called their Worships should exercise onely the Judicatory part thereof and so between them make quick work of their business in confounding and ruining the Kingdom And that they might likewise appear to the people as great preservers of the Laws and to study their weal in the due aministration of Justice their next care was for drawing up Commissions for the Judges which ran in the new stile of the Keepers of the Liberties of England by Authority of Parliament and to that purpose a Conference was had by a Committee with the Judges about it six whereof agreed to hold upon a Proviso to be made by an Act of the House of Commons that the Fundamental Laws should not be abolished a very weak security but that it met with strong and prepared confidence these were Lord Chief Justice Rolls and Justice Iermyn of the Kings-Bench Chief Justice Saint-Iohn and Justice Pheasant of the Common-Pleas and Chief Justice Wilde how he was made so Captain Burleigh tells us and Baron Yates the other six refused as knowing the Laws and the present Anarchy were incompatible and incapable of any expedient to sute them together But the one half was very fair and served to keep the Lawyers in practice and from dashing at their illegal Authority In pursuance of that promise made to those Judges that held and to deceive and cologne the people they Passed a Declaration That they were fully resolved to maintain and would uphold and maintain preserve and keep the Fundamental Laws of the Nation as to the preservation of the Lives Liberties and Properties of the People with all things incident thereunto saving those alterations concerning the King and House of Lords already made And yet notwithstanding they at the same time were Erecting High Courts of Justice impressed Sea-men and levied illegal Taxes by Souldiers and many other Enormities But it seems those Judges were content with the preservation of the litigious part of the Law extending this Proviso no further than to the private disputes of Meum Tuum whilst this publike Monster swallowed all Having thus establisht themselves in the Civil Power with some face of a Democratical Authority they proceeded to other Acts of State to give reputation to themselves and strength to their Government the first whereof was their Voting a New stamp for Coyn whereby their Soveraignty might be notified to all the world in the Trade and traffique thereof Next designing several Agents and Envoys to go to the Courts of Forrain Princes and there by their specious challenges and shews of Liberty and publike good the pretence of the Law of Nations peculiarly the Municipal Laws of this to palliate over the Justifie their unparallell'd proceedings against the King of which Messengers we shall presently speak And so we shall for a while leave these Usurpers amidst the several Complements given them by way of Salutation from the Army and Sectarian party under the yet-continued Notion of the Godly who forsooth highly magnified their Justice in this and urged them in their Addresses to extend it further About this time the Parliament Nulled the Monthly Fast on Wednesday which had continued through all the War thinking to impose upon the people as if God had answered all their prayers in that Murther of the King and that the work of Reformation was now accomplished It was high time therefore for such of the Kings party as were in their hands to look about them for besides the rise and most certain rumour of a general Massacre intended against the whole which was debated at a Council of War and carried but by two Votes they had special information of proceedings to be had against them in the same way of Tryal before a High Court of Justice First therefore Colonel Massey escapes away from Saint Iames's just upon the Kings Death next Sir Lewis Dives and Master Holden being brought to White-hall upon examination pretending to ease themselves got down the Common-shore to the Water-side and escaped leaving their Warders in the lurch and to a vain research after them The Lord Capel likewise made a handsome escape out of the Tower but passing by Water to Lambeth in the Boat of one Davis a Water-man and unhappily and fatally casting out some words by way of enquiry of the said Lord the wicked villain suspecting the truth seized him at Lambeth from whence he was re-conveyed to the same Prison in order to his speedy Tryal his Betrayer being preferred by the Parliament became the scorn and contempt of every body and lived afterward in shame and misery And the Lord of Loughborough Brother to Ferdinando then Earl of Huntingdon famous for several Loyal Services but most maligned by the Parliament for the last effort thereof at Colchester gave them also the slip from Windsor-Castle where he and the Colonels Tuke Hamond and Francis Heath newly at liberty upon his parole to
finde good security and other Royalists were imprisoned and got cleaverly away and in March arrived at Rotterdam in Holland where on the New-bridge he accidently met with Colonel Massey who claiming knowledge of him from Lidbury-fighâ— where they more unhappily encountred each other his Lorâ—ship was civilly and Nobly pleased â—upon the Colonels protestation of a â—â—urn and entire obedience to his Majesties Authority to pass with him in company to the Hague whither this occasion happily directs us The King our Soveraign Charles the second then kept his Court there furnished with Blacks and other mournful Emblâ—â—s of his raâ—â—â—rs Death at the charge of the Prince of Aurange whose moâ—â—â—ignal kindnesses to the Royal Faâ—â—â—y may not pass without a due Commemoration The King was here attended by the Lord Marquess of Montress the Lords Hopton Wilmot Culpeper Weâ—worth and other great Personages Sir Edward Hide Sir Edward Nicholas and a Noble though poor retinue of old Royalists who had vowed to his Majesties Fortunes The Relator was present when the Lord of Loughborough added Colonel Massey to that number both of them kissing the Kings Hand the same morning the Lord in his Majesties Privy-Chamber where he was received by the King with all possible gladness and joy of his escape and other endearments the Colonel was very respectfully and civilly treated and confirmed into the Kings Service and Trust by his Majesties gracious acceptation of his sorrow for his former actions and his resolutions of reparatory Duty The new Estates of England liked not well of his so neer neighbourhood and entertainment in a Commonwealth too and thought their greatness so formidable that it could perswade without any more trouble all places and people to his dereliction and to this purpose they insinuated the same intentions to Myn Heer Pauw the then Dutch Resident here who was sent over by the States as also another Embassador from the French besides the earnest intervention of the Scots Commissioners to intercede for the King with whom they had several discourses about the dangerous greatness of the Prince of Aurange and 't is reported the Man was made by them He departed hence about the middle of March very well pleased with the pronts of his Embassie Though they could not reach the King and though some of his best Subjects had outreached them yet many others could not so escape them Master Beaumount a Minister belonging to the Garison of Pomfret then beleagured by Major-General Lambert in place of Rainsborough who was killed and buried at Wapping neer London as aforesaid was taken for holding correspondence in cypher and by a Council of War Condemned and Hanged before the Castle presently after the Kings Death and deserves to be placed as the Protomartyr for King Charles the second But this was but a puny victime to the ensuing Sacrifices for the old pretence of Justice challenged new does by the evidence of its former administration which would have been thought but a step purposely made to their ambitious Usurpation if other blood not so obnoxious to their grand designe should not in pursuance of their declared impartial bringing to condigne punishment all sorts of Delinquents be offered up to their Idol of Liberty There was also another Reason of State in it for that the House of Lords being so easily laid aside it was requisite while the first violence was yet recent utterly to disanimate the Nobility by another as lawless more bloody infringement of their Priviledges In order to this a new High Court of Iustice was Erected by an Act to that purpose wherein other Drudges were named under the conduct of the former President for that the State-Grandees could not themselves intend such minute matters as the lives of the Peerage Before this Tribunal were brought as in the said Act were named Iames Duke Hamilton as Earl of Cambridge and Naturalized thereby in this Kingdom Henry Rich Earl of Holland George Lord Goring then Earl of Norwich Arthur Lord Capel and Sir Iohn Owen of North-Wales Duke Hamilton was the first of those that came to this Bar where he was soothâ—d by Bradshaw according to instruction in hopes he would be won to discover his partakers in the late Parliament and City and Peters to that purpose gave evidence that Lambert gave him quarter when Colonel Wait who took him denied it to the House but when the Court perceived he was not so free therein offering in lieu of such Treachery 100000 l. for his life and promising to joyn interests with Arguile in Scotland Bradshaw took him up short and for all his plea of quarter and to what he further â—rged against his Naturalization that he himself was never Naturalized but that it was his Father whose right devolved no more to him by the Civil Law than the same Franchise doth to Children in other Countries hastily was answered that in the 15 year of King Charles he was called to Parliament by Writ as Earl of Cambridge They objected against him also his breach of Faith passed to the Governour of Windsor for his true Imprisonment from whence he had escaped and was retaken in Southwark which breach he denied and challenged the Governour of untruth in that particular After much delay which he obtained in hopes of a discovery and several arguments of his Counsel assigned for him Bradshaw at last snapt him up telling him of his Treasons and Murthers and gave final Sentence The Lord Capel likewise after several brave legal Defences as his Peerage c. and his plea of quarter given by Fairfax who in open Court construed that quarter to be but a present saving from the promiscuous slaughter with a reference still to a Judicial proceeding was over-ruled they urged also against him his escape out of the Tower which he proved to amount to no more at the most of it in any other case than a bare Felony and within the benefit of the Clergy His resumed argument when all would not do was the Honour of the Sword which seeing how little those that should have justly asserted it did value he resolved to trouble himself no longer at their Bar but being demanded what he could say more for himself replied nothing but with a chearful resignation of himself to providence expected his Doom then impending over him The Earl of Holland came not to their Bar while they had finished with the other Lords by reason of his indisposition which delayed him at Warwick-Castle but such was their impatient pretensions to Justice that they got him conveyed to their High Court and as they had done by the rest over-ruled his plea which he argued in much weakness taking a spoonful of some Cordial every foot between his words of quarter given and concluded him in the same Sentence The Lord Goring so artificially and wisely pleaded to them in Form Not Guilty and withal insisted upon his Commission and Authority and harmlesness therein that he escaped
the Execution of the like Condemnation as also did Sir Iohn Owen who with a Britain confidence denied every tittle of the Charge against him especially that part relating to the death or Master Loyd the Sheriff of Cardigan and came off with the same danger and the like success as the Lord preceding whose Fate being referred to the Parliament proved fortunate but by the decision of one Vote 24 to 24 being divided in the question of his life and as I Remember it was the saving double voice of Lenthall the Speaker Sir Iohn Owen was carried more affirmatively the rest all in the Negative being turned off with their Ladies and their Relations Petitions to the same High Court who to shew their civility more than their mercy were pleased to gratifie the Ladies with a respit of two days as long as their Commission and power lasted On the 9th of March the Duke the Earl of Holland and Lord Capel being guarded from Saint Iames's to Sir Robert Cottons House the next fatal Stage of late to the Scaffold were severally brought to the Palace-Yard through the Hall their Judges then sitting and looking fore-right upon their Execution The Duke ascended first and to give him his due he kept a good seeming decorum in his last words and actions The Earl of Holland succeeded to this bloody Theatre who very Christianly penitently and compassionately enough prepared him for his end justifying his honest intentions in that his first and last action for the King and intimating that Duty we all owed to our present Soveraign and so suffered for him But the Lord Capel like a true Christian Heroe as he came last so did he sum up all both in his Speech Countenance and Gestures that was good praise-worthy and generous in them both resolutely asserting his own actions his late Soveraigns Cause and his present Majesties Rights recommending him to his people as the great example of true English worth and as the onely hope of the Kingdom So as with Sampson he may be said to have done these Philistins more harm at his Death than in all his Life raising and renewing the desires of the people after so deserving a Prince This Tragedy being over they resume afresh the debate of what persons were yet within their Clutches any way obnoxious to their Cannibal-Idol of Justice who could not be pleased but with whole Hecatombs and therefore the Noble Sir Iohn Stowel and Judge Ienkins those Champions of Law and Loyalty with Captain Brown Bushell were next ordered to be put in that fatal List of Traytors against their Commonwealth the Marquess of Winchester and Bishop Wren who had lain prisoner from the beginning of our Troubles hardly escaping the like dangerous qualification which was upon a â—orged information intended likewise against Major-General Brown and Sir Iohn Clotworthy and to that purpose the Case of all those secluded and thereafter imprisoned Members was ordered to a Committee to make a discrimination of their offences and render those two the most liable to their severity As for those who had escaped their hands by departing the Kingdom they satisfied their indignation by a decree of perpetual Banishment and present death upon the return of any so sentenced The chief of these besides the Kings Majesty whom God long preserve and the Duke of York c. were the Earl of Bristol the Duke of Buckingham the Lord Digby Lord Cottington Marquesses of Newcastle and Worcester Sir Edward Hide Lord Culpeper Lord Widdrington and some others who were very well satisfied they could do no more to them and were then following â—he hopeful fortunes of the King The rest of that unfortunate party were put to Ransome a Fine being set upon their Heads proportionable to their Estates to be paid within such times or else to be in the same predicament with the condemned Having thus made good their Conspiracy or by them stiled Agreement of bringing Delinquents to Justice that the exactness of their dire performances might credit thâ—ir intentions and resolutions and make them seem to the Vulgar the most impartial lovers of their Lives and Liberties but rather of their Estates they proceeded in the political part of Government by filling up their Committee of Estates to the number of 41. who were ordered particularly to enter their Assent to whatsoever the Juncto had done in reference to the King and Lords before they should act in that Committee and Cromwel thereupon reported to the House being impowered by them that of that just number 22 had refused to engage as to what was past but would joyn with them for the future and acknowledge the Supreme Power to be vested in them There could no expedient be found to salve this sore so they were contented to cicatrize it and gently lay aside all disputes or further contrasts about it but though they past it without doors they would not so within but totally precluded any further pretences of the Members of taking their places in Parliament who in some numbers returned to Westminster for they Voted That all such as â—ad absented themselves from the 5 of December should not sit till further order which was never vouchsafed till such claimers had given evidence of their adherence and closing with them In this same Month to take away the same dignity and priviledge as the House of Lords was to them from the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen and to make the Government of London à la mode Democratical they ordered a Quorum of the Common-Council to act without the Lord Mayor or the said Aldermen if they should refuse to joyn with them and not long after to put another affront though distant some space of time being the 24 of March ensuing upon the Mayor they order him to proclaim their Act for abolishing Kingly Government which he disdainfully and generously refusing his Lady likewise not suffering their Messenger that brought it to drink in her House but bidding him return to his Masters for his Wages upon the report thereof by Alderman Atkins a Member of their House they Voted him Imprisonment in the Tower for two Months and to be degraded of his Honour and disfranchised and to pay 2000 l. to be distributed among the Poor of Westminster the Hamlets and Southwark which was rigidly levied and Alderman Andrews one of the Kings Judges was Elected in his place for whose choice at his presentment for their approbation the House gave the City thanks and ordered the Barons of the Exchequer to swear him in these words That he should be faithful to the Commonwealth as it was now established in the Government of the City where he in state Proclaimed the said Act though the people hooted and reviled it and cryed aloud God save the King and would have made worse work but that the Guards of Horse awed them Alderman Sir Thomas Soams and Alderman Chambers for absenting themselves and justifying their conscientious refusal
as from former Oaths were likewise degraded from their Dignity in the City Alderman Culham and Gibs excused themselves by business in the Country at the same time Aâ— Exeter likewise the Mayor and Sheriffs refused to act or joyn in Commission with Baron Wilde sent down that Circuit and divers other places were very stiff in complyance with these new Masters but their Iron Bodies quickly brought them to perform those new Instructions the Parliament had given for altering the Patents and the Oaths of Sheriffs as in all Indictments a little before instead of Contra Coronam Dignitatem they had ordered it Contra Rempublicam pacem publicam and so Mutatis Mutandis To compleat the Martyrology of those that fell with and accompanied their Soveraign Colonel Laugâ—orn Colonel Powel and Colonel Poyer were now brought before a Court Martial for the Welch Insurrection at Saint Fagons and Pembroke where they were all three Condemned but at the importunity of their Wives and Friends the General was pleased to exempt two of them such as the Lot should spare which being delivered out of a Hat by a little Child fell upon Poyer his scroll of Paper being a Blank the other haâ—ing written in it Life given by the Lord. Accordingly Poyer was Executed in Coâ—ent-garden against Bedford-House-wall on the 25 of April where he died in some reluctancy but ought nevertheless to be numbred with other Loyal Sacrifices from whom therefore I could not though against order of time disjoyn him Nor indeed is the thred of this Chronicle possible to keep straight in such a diversity and multitude of transcurrencies which weave it up and down in the various confusions of this new-fashioned State but we shall now proceed more regularly Our Lords a Westminster having lickt their Cub into some form and shewed us a glimpse of its Complexion and how like it was to its monstrous Parent a Rebellion in the shapes ensuing Yet first we must Northward in our way to Scotland and behold Pomfret-Castle that had held out 9 Months now delivered after much debate to Major-General Lambert with this condition That Colonel Morris the Governour and five more should be exempted from Mercy but if they could escape any way they might attempt it betwixt the Agreement and the Surrender the Article to stand force otherwise to all purposes These six-divided themselves into two parties wherâ—of Morris Cornet Blackburn and another broke quite through the Leaguer but the other three were taken the rest of the Garrison had liberty to go home leaving two Months Provision and some Ammunition behind them Lambert was the willinger to give these terms for the easing of the Country which by reason of an Armies lying before it so long was wasted and exhausted of all provisions who to avoid the like future inconveniencies sollicited and procured the Demolition of that Castle which from the Grave of Richard the second became now the Sepulcher of departed Layalty whose last efforts Expired here as became the repository of a Princes Ashes and his Royal Manes There is something to be said in this place concerning the seizing of Lieutenant-Colonel Iohn Lilburn Master Walwyn Master Prince and others of the Levelling Faction which began now to shew it self in the same rise and danger to the Independent Faction as that did to the Presbyterian but we will take that story all together upon which account we refer the Reader likewise as to the sale of the Kings Goods Moveables and Houshouldstuff now condemned there to a more exact account in the year following which begins with the Scotch affairs Anno Dom. 1649. THe Estates and Parliament and the whole nation of Scotland having received Advertisement of the horrible Murther of the King to the impeding whereof they had used what endeavour they could by their Commissioners intermediation at London did with all manifestation and expressions of sorrow bewail and deplore his Death and on the 6 of February ensuing to testifie the truth of their constant Allegiance to the Crown did in most solemn manner Proclaim his Son King Charles the second at Edingburgh the Cross there being hung with Tapistry and the parliament-Parliament-Lords in their Robes the Chancellour himself reading the said Proclamation reciting the Murther of the King to the King at Arms and the night concluded with all usual Demonstrations of joy and gladness This being over the Estates sent an expostulatory Letter to their former Brethren at Westminster concerning their proceedings with the King and were in the mean time by Letters flattered with the cajole of good amity and friendship and other fineries from those Regicides with many other flams of advantage if they would concur with or acquieâ—ce in what the Mogens of Independency had done in England But the passion of the Scot as seeing how his Countries Honour had been lost by the same Trayterous proffers boiled too high and would give no ear to such overtures nor would they enter into any Treaty with them nor own them directing their Messages to the Honourable William Lenthall Speaker of the House of Commons unless they were a free Parliaments consisting of both Houses without any force upon or seclusion of their Members The Scots were mainly intent upon another guess Treaty with the King and Sir Ioseph Douglas was ordered to be gone forthwith to give his Mejesty an account at the Hague what they had done and were preparing to do when on a sudden some of the Mackenzeys a great Sept in the North of Scotland and the Lord Freezer's Brother seized Innerness for the King and put them into perpleased Counsels about it The news whereof those at Westminster thought a good occaâ—ion for them to lay hold upon in order to a rupture with their King and when that distemper came to the Head some of the Gourdens whose Father the Marquess of Huntly was Beheaded about the beginning of March when he died a resolute Royalist with Lieutenant-General Middleton who had made an escape from Barwick into those parts and the Lord Rea joyning with them they failed not of doing their devoir by offering their assistance and inceâ—sinâ— the Scots against the King for whose sole sake they said all those Troubles wâ—râ— and still were like to be raised and fomented but Colonel Ker and Straâ—ghan defeating that party killing 400 and taking the Lord Rea and 800 Prisoners and Middleton submitting that disturbance ended and the Kingdom was again reduced into peace and quietness The Commissioners in the mean while were dispatched to the King being one Earl one Lord one Burgess and one Minister of which the Earl of Cassils was the chief and their Commissioners at London viz. the Earl of Lâ—thian Sir Iohn Cheisly and Master Glendonning remanded who having sent a peremptory Paper to the Juncto withdrew themselves privately intending to pass by Sea to Scotland but at Gravesend they were intercepted and by a Guard conveyed by
Redeemer and therefore if you will not joyn with me in prayer my reiterating it again will be both Scandalous to you and me So closing his eyes and holding up his hands he stood a good space at his inward Devotions being perceived to be inwardly moved all the while when he had done he called for the Executioner and gave him money who having brought unto him hanging in a Cord his Declaration and History hanged them about his Neck when he said Though it hath pleased his Sacred Majesty that now is to make him one of the Knights of the most Honourable Order of the Garter yet he did not think himself more honoured by the Garter than by that Cord and Book which he would embrace about his Neck with as much joy and content as ever he did the Garter or a Chain of Gold and therefore desired them to be tied unto him as they pleased When this was done and his arms tied he asked the Officers If they had any more Dishonour as they conceived it to put upon him he was ready to accept it And so with an undaunted Courage and Gravity suffered according to the Sentence past upon him Thus fell that Heroical Person by a most malicious and barbarous sort of cruelty but Sequitur ultor à tergo Deus there is a Fury at hand ready with a Whip of Snakes to punish this Viperous Brood of men For Cromwel having been secretly called for over from Ireland to amuse all parties both the Irish who trembled at his presence and made no considerable resistance against him and his fortune and the General himself at home who expected not such his sudden rivalship to his Command which gave him no time for mature consideration of the designe the Scots who though allarmed by frequent rumours of an English Invasion yet were not so forward in their Levies as having assurance of Fairfax's dissatisfaction was now wasted over into England preventing his Letters he had sent to the States to know their express pleasure for his departing that Kingdom which before we leave we must insert some omissions Colonel Hamond a Kentish Gentleman and firm Royallist who was a Colchestrian and had been imprisoned at Windsor being by the mutiny of his Souldiers the Marquess of Ormonds Regiment which he Commanded forced to render himself and Officers at discretion the Garrison being the Castle before mentioned of Gowran accepting of life from Cromwel and refusing to fight was immediately shot to death one Lieutenant only escaping The like fate suffered a Dutch Colonel one Major Syms and another Lieutenant-Colonel of the Lord Inchiqueens Loyal Party that yet adhered to him being worsted by the Lord Broghil where in fight they lost 600 men near Bandon-bridge Colonel Wogan that noble person who had been so constant a terrour to them having corrupted or converted his Keeper Colonel Phair's Marshal escaped with him to his old friends being reserv'd to the same death by Cromwel but by Providence to be a further plague to them in that another Kingdom place as we shall see in the continuation of this Chronicle About the same time with Cromwel arrived here from Holland the Lord Ioachimi in quality of Embassador from the States General sent on purpose to understand the condition of affairs here what stability this Common-wealth was yet grounded upon or like to obtain and report it to his Superiors Further yet in Ireland After the departure of Cromwel in the Province of Vlster where the Bishop of Cloghor Emir Mac Mahon was Generalissimo the Irish not being to be satisfied till the Conduct of Affairs was wholly left to themselves having gathered an Army of 5000 Foot and 600 Horse was ranging that Country at his pleasure having so ordered and interposed his Forces that Sir Charles Coot the President of Connaught and Colonel Venables who Commanded in Chief in Vlster for the Parliament could not joyn Forces and though other additions had been made to Coot with which they had faced Finagh and that part of that Province some while before yet durst they not engage till Iune on the second of which Month Cloghor being incamped on a boggy ground within half a mile of Sir Charles his Leaguer who was about 800 Horse and as many Foot stood and faced him for almost four hours and then drew over a Pass wherein Coot fell upon his Rear with 250 Horse and charged through two Divisions of Foot and had routed them but that their Horse came in to their rescue and repelled that Party but Colonel Richard Coot likewise advancing both came off with even hand and so the enemy over Faggots passed another way This was but a Trial of Skill but on the 18 of Iune Colonel Fenwick with 1000 having joyned with Sir Charles the matter came to a final decision Cloghor was encamped strongly on a side of a Hill to which Coot approached the Irish courageously descended to Battle but were so most resolutely received that in an hours time this Mitred General was defeated himself mortally wounded and taken with his Lieutenant-General Henry O Neale together with most of the Officers all of them Irish to the total loss of that Province and the utter ruine and destruction of that Rebel-Party that began the War and continued it when it might have expired by the closing with the Marquess of Ormond to the taking of Dublin and London-Derry The remaining Irish War was meerly defensive and of such weak dying efforts that all was given over there for desperate and lost and who cannot must not here acknowledge the unerring certainty of Divine Justice upon that bloody and pitiless people Now appeared in Print as the weekly Champion of the new Common-wealth and to bespatter the King with the basest of scurrilous raillery one Marchamount Needham under the name of Politicus a Iack of all sides transcendently gifted in opprobrious and treasonable Droll and hired therefore by Bradshaw to act the second part to his starcht and more solemn Treason who began his first Diurnal with an Invective against Monarchy and the Presbyterian Scotch Kirk and ended it with an Hosanna to Oliver Cromwel who in the beginning of Iune returned by the way of Bristol from Ireland to London and was welcomed by Fairfax the General many Members of Parliament and Council of State at Hounslo-heath and more fully complemented at his Lodgings and in Parliament by the Thanks of the House and the like significant address of the Lord Mayor c. of London being lookt upon as the only Person to the Eclipse and diminution of his Generals Honour whom we shall presently see paramount in the same supreme Command Prince Rupert was yet in the Harbor of Lisbon whither the Parliament had sent a Fleet to fight him and reduce those Ships to their service which the Prince declining and the King of Portugal refusing to suffer Blake to fall on in his Port
to Dunkirk from his Prison at Carisbrook where none but a Barber and a sorry Tutor attended him besides Anthony Mildmay his Keeper where he was very joyfully received and thence conveyed to Brussels where he had further grandeurs and civilities done him and brought thence in the Princess of Aurange's Coach to Breda in Holland to the great joy of the Royal Family who every day feared his Life from those Bloody Usurpers Soon after he had enjoyed the Company of his Sister he was conducted into France by the Lord Langdale and the Lord Inchiqueen to visit his Mother his Royal Brothers and the Princess Henrietta whose delight and content in the fruition of him as one risen from the Dead I will not be so bold as to take upon me to express Some while before his arrival at Dunkirk and just upon the news of his leave and dismission out of England the French King had by the advice of the Cardinal Mazarine who was returned in great state to Court and Council being accompanied by most of the principal persons of that Kingdom and more particularly by the Duke of York who was in high Reputation in the Army and met by the King of France himsâ—lf out of the Town notwithstanding all the perswasions and obstructions that were used by the Queen-Mother of England and her Interest in that Crown sent hither Monsiâ—ur Bourdeaux Neuville a creature of the said Cardinals his Envoy hither to the Parliament who delivered his Letters to them on the 14â— but the Superscriptions not being as full and as ample as other Princes weâ—e they were returned again unbroken up to the Embassador who having others by him as was supposed presented them shortly after which were well â—eceived and an Answer promised to be with all speed returned The Portugal Embassador who had been in Treaty here about the Damages-done the English in 1649. came now to a conclusion thereof and there remaining 15500 l. in difference betwixt Him and the Parliaments Commissioners upon his submission and reference of it to the Parliament they defaulked and abated the said sum as a token of their respect and good will to that King M. Bourdeaux's Negotiation was most abominably resented here as well as abroad for a piece of the uncivilest policy the French were ever guilty of but the Cardinal could not be secure nor better ingratiate with the Traffiquers and Traders which consists of the Commonalty who had suffered more by English Sea-Rovery than by a Peace here the Superscription of those Letters being a meer Falsifie and a present satisfaction to the desires of the said Queen The Dutch Lion was now Rampant and roaring out Proclamations and Placaâ—â—s against bringing in any English Manufactures or holding correspondence with us as if he had the Prey under his Paws and were sure of Victory all Princes were made acquainted with this late success which lost nothing by carrying and their Friends and Allies encouraged to come in and take part of the spoil and to Friend and Foe they peremptorily forbid by a Declaration the supply of the English with any Utensils or provisions of War and Trump had already seized eleven Lubeckers laden with Eastland Commodities pretending to Ostend by which Lubeckers and Hamburgers most of the Holland-Trade in single ships was disguised so that the English ships resolved to seize all those that spoke IA without any Shiboleth or distinction Upon this score three Hamburgh ships laden with Plate coming from Cadiz were brought into Plymouth though they pretended to be bound for Flanders and that the Money belonged to the King of Spain and was consigned for the pay of his Armies immediately upon notice of their Seizure the Spanish Embassador at London made application by a special Audience in Parliament for their delivery and did most industriously sollicite and prosecute the same but the Wealth was too considerable and of as great concernment to their occasions in this Dutch War as the Spaniard could alledge any and therefore they remitted the Examination of the business to the Judges of the Admiralty where it proved a most tedious Affair one Mr. Violet a Goldsmith and Prosecutor for this State engaging himself most busily in procuring their adjudication for lawful Prize In Ireland the High Court of Iustice was now erected and in Circuit the first place of their sitting being at Kilkenny where the Grand Council of the Rebels in 1641. had their Residence and thence to Waterford Corke Dublin and Vlster c. They were attended and sate in very great State neer the pattern in England with 24 Halberdiers in good Apparel for their Guard and all other Officers sutable The President of this Court was one Justice Donelan an Irish Native pickt out on purpose for the greater terrour of the Delinquents to whom as assistants were joyned Justice Cook the Infamous Sollicitor against the King whom they would have most wickedly and by all abominable artifices by urging and soothing their Prisoners to confess as much entituled to that Rebellion but found not by all their scelerate practises what they sought for and Commissary-General Reynolds many persons were by these Condemned some of the chief whereof as Colonel Walter Bagnal Colonel Tool Colonel Mac Hugh and a greater number of lesser Quality suffered Death Bagnal being Beheaded a manner of Execution not usual in Ireland the Lord Clanmallero the Viscount Mayn and some others escaped but the Nation was was so generally scared and in such a fright that happy was he that could get out of it for no Articles were pleadable here and against a Charge of things done 12 years before little or no defence could be made and the cry that was made of Blood aggravated with the expressions of so much horrour and the no less daunting aspect of the Court quite contounded the amazed Prisoners so that they came like Sheep to the slaughter which had been such ravenous Wolves in preying upon the Lives of the poor unarmed English but the Spanish Army was so full of them and their late revolt at Burdeaux to the French side made them so suspicious that thereafter they became very unwelcome Auxiliaries and upon that account the Lord of Muskerry who had according to Articles Transported himself came back again to Ireland without leave and was taken and committed to Dublin-Castle and some while after Tried at the same High Court of Iustice. Sir Phelim O Neal that great and prime Ringleader of the Rebellion was likewise betrayed by his own party in February following at Vlster neer Charlemount and brought Prisoner to the Lord Caufield's house whose Father he had treacherously Murthered and sent with a Guard to the same place and Hanged and Quartered Insomuch that all Ireland was now wholly reduced for Colonel Barrow had taken most of the places in Vlster save what Forces were skulking in the Fastnesses and made a kinde of thieving War and that was yet
to countenance these rumours Blake from Naples came into Leghorn-road and demanded 150000 l. damages for what we sustained in the Fight with Van Galen but what satisfaction he received is uncertain From whence he sailed for Algiers being met at Sea by De Wit the Dutch Vice-Admiral and saluted with extraordinary respect and civilly treated as yet by the Spaniards themselves as also at Lisbon by that King At Naples they would have invited him on shore but the wary Commander excused himself by Command from the Protector not to leave his Charge in which we shall at present leave him On the 18 of November died the unhappy Parent of this Usurper His aged Mother who lived to see her Son through such a Deluge of Blood swim to a perplexed Throne in the best share of whose greatness she was concerned as to the Princely accommodation of her maintenance in Life and burial in Death being laid in Henry the seventh's Chappel in great state On the first of December following died that most Famous and Learned Antiquary Mr. Iohn Selden a person of such worth and Use that no Learned Eye could refrain a tear upon the consideration of Death and its rude indifferencing hand which mingled the Dust of this great Restorer with the putrid Rottenness of her that was the Womb to this Destroyer In Ireland all things continued very quiet Fleetwood being sworn Lord-Deputy Steel made Lord-Chancellour of that Kingdom and Pepys Lord-Chief-Justice and Corbet Goodwyn Thomlinson and Colonel Robert Hammond of the Council by whom the Transplantation was so prosecuted that the first of March was the longest day of respit upon very severe penalties In the mean while this new Deputy and Council till the arrival of Steel diverted themselves in Progress through the Kingdom In Ianuary arrived at London an Embassador the Marquess Hugh Fiesco from the State of Genoa and was splendidly received and dismissed The effects of this Parliament-rupture encouraged two most opposite parties to conspire against the Protector the Fifth-Monarchists and Cavaliers for as to the Commonwealth having once lost their Army they were miserably inconsiderable and the Herd of the Rebellious multitude followed any thing that could continue it in what form soever A Monarchy was sought on by all hands the true Royal party for we must so distinguish it longed for their rightful Soveraign Charles the Second the Fifth-Monarchy expected King Iesus the Courtiers and those engaged by them or with them with Cromwel himself desired King Oliver and every of these manifested much impatience but none oâ— them could attain their Wishes and when Oliver might afterwards he durst not The Protector was no way ignorant of this and therefore he resolved to deal with the weakest first which yet by underminings was more dangerous than the other The Army was corrupted by that Millenary Principle and that was to be purged so that as Harrison and Rich had been laid aside and not long after committed with Carew and Courtney into several remote Castles so now General Monke had order to seize Major-General Overton and the Majors Bramston and Holms and other Officers and Cashire them after Fines and good Security for their Behaviour Overton was sent up to the Tower and his Regiment conferred on Colonel Morgan Colonel Okey's Regiment was likewise taken from him and given to the Lord Howard and so the danger from the Army was quickly supprest Cornet but since Colonel Ioyce was likewise male-content at this change and signified so much to Cromwel's Face whom he upbraided with his own service and his faithlesness but escaped any other Censure than a bidding him be gone Cromwel well knowing him to be one of those mad-men that would say or do any thing they were bid But the Royalists designe was of a more potent combination and had been truly formidable had it not by Treachery and Treason been revealed to the Protector who came by that means to know the rise progress and first appearance of those Arms against him and this was Manning's perfidy which the King too late discovered All the Gentlemen in England of that party were one way or other engaged or at least were made acquainted with it but the snatching of the principal of them up throughout the Kingdom a little before the Execution of it frustrated the most probable effects of that Rising The Lord Mayor c. of the City of London was likewise sent â—or and informed of it and the Militia established Skippon being made their Major-General there several persons under the character of dissolute persons were seized by vertue of a Proclamation to that effect as also all Horse-races were forbidden Counterplots were used and all sorts of Ammunition were sent down to several Gentlemens Houses with Letters unsubscribed and the said Gentlemen upon receipt secured and brought up Prisoners to bear company with the old standers of that party and a Ship-chandler one Frese and a Merchant or two trepan'd this way Sir Ralph Vernon of Derby-shire an old Royalist was Committed and Examined before Oliver concerning a Trunk of Pistols and who sent them Who resolutely answered His Self which so dasht him that he was without one word more dismist but not from his Imprisonment Notwithstanding all these discouragements and warnings to give over the Western Association thought themselves in Honour engaged to rise upon the day which they had agreed upon with one another in the other parts and had notified to the King who was now removed from Colen and absconded himself neer the Sea-coast upon the first success of the Affair to be ready to pass over to his Friends Accordingly on the 11 of March being Monday very early in the Morning a party of 100 under the Command of Sir Ioseph Wagstaff Colonel Penruddock and Grove entred the City of Salisbury at which time the Judges Rolls and Nichols were there in Circuit and seized all their Horses and having declared the cause of this appearance without any further injury or medling with any Money which lay in the Chambers of Serjeant Maynard and other Lawyers departed promising to return and break their Fast with the Judges Provisions which they did and encreased their number to 400 and had they returned once more the whole City had risen with them Thence they marched to Blandford where Colonel Penruddock himself Proclaimed the the King in the Market-place and so marched Westward Captain Butler with two Troops of Cromwel's Horse keeping at a distance in their Rear to give them opportunity of encreasing but by the means aforesaid very few came in which made a great many more slink away from the party when they saw no hopes of that great number promised and expected But the Noble Penruddock resolved yet to try what could be done in Devonshire and Cornwal and as to him it was all one whether he retreated or went forward for he was engaged too far already
part of the Fleet under General Pen set sail for England and neer half way home lost the Paragon a Navy-ship by fire none of that company daring to come in to her relieâ— because of her Powder so that neer 140 men were lost by fire and water those that could swim escaped being taken up by Boats after the Blow On the 3 of September General Pen arrived at Portsmouth and on the ninth Venables with his Wife very sick and much altered and Quarter-Master-General Rudyard landed at the same place in the Marston-moore Command by Rear-Admiral Blag the Fleet at Iamaica consisting of some 20 sail being left under the Command of Vice-Admiral Goodson Upon their coming to London where Venables alledged the danger and encrease of sickness for the cause of his return Pen the resolution of the Council of War they were both Committed to the Tower to satisfie the expectation of the people more than any intention of bringing Venables to an account for this base and dishonourable Expedition The Cavils at the Isle of Rhee's unfortunate business were now regested and retorted upon those Enemies and Traducers of the King whose party was very well pleased with this disgrace done to Oliver which carried with it future advantages against the Usurpation that had designed this Forrain Exchequer for the perpetual pay of his everlasting Red-coats General Blake as was said before having met with the Spanish Fleet under the Command of General Paulo di Contreras waiting for the Plate-Fleet about the Southern Cape and mutually saluted one another returned to Victual and recruit in England and landed at Chattam The Mart at Frankfort in Germany was held this September which with other affairs invited the King from Colen He went â—rom Bonne by Water being Towed in a Pleasure-boat and two other necessary Vessels for his dressing Provision and accommodation and was saluted by all the Towns neer which they passed with most ample Ceremonies and where he entred with the like presents In his Company were the Prince of Aurange and the Duke of Gloucester attended by the Marquess of Ormond Earl of Norwich Lord Newburgh Colonel Dan. O Neal Doctor Frazer the Lady Stanhop and Lord Hemfleit her Husband and other Domesticks An interview had been appointed at a Village called Koningsteyn or Kingston betwixt Queen Christina of Sweden then journeying to the Arch-Duke of Inspruck's Country for Italy where she was highly Treated by the said Arch-Duke and there professed her self a Roman-Catholick The King at this Village after the publick Ceremonies were over had private Conference with this Princess the space of an hour and then the Duke of Gloucester and Princess of Aurange did the like which passed the Noblemen and neer Attendants had reception given them The Prince Elector of Heidelburgh with Prince Rupert gave her likewise a visit in this Town and had the same converse with her Both the King and She were invited by him to Heidelburgh but they took several ways for his Majesty having continued some time at Frankfort where the States and Deputies of the Empire were assembled to finish what was left at the Diet the Kings business there depending before that Assembly and having been splendidly entertained as in all places of Germany where he came and there received an honourable pressing invitation from the Prince Elector of Mentz by his Earl-Marshal who was sent on the Embassie with a Train to conduct him from Frankfort dâ—parted thence with the noise of the Cannon and the Volleys and Acclamations of the Citizens and arrived at Mentz having been feasted at a magnificent Supper in a Village by the way whence next morning in all the State that Prince could set out or furnish his entrance with the King departed for Mentz and was there entertained two or three days with an Expence befitting his Dignity and diverted with all honourable Recreations and with the same Grandeurs departed for Colen Most abominable impudent scandals were Printed in the News-Book here of the King and the meanness of those Respects done him when it is most true greater Honours were not done to any Prince in the World so much did the injury of his Condition advance these peoples Civility While he progressed hereabouts one Dury a Minister sent by Cromwel was perambulating these parts with Credentials or Commission from him who would needs be doing in Religious Plots as well as Civil to make himself famous to discourse and Treat with all the Churches of the Reformed Perswasions Calvinists and Lutherans about an Agreement and Union and that the Doctrine might be one and the same and that his Highness desired to be Instrumental in such a Pious Work of general Communion but the main of his Mission being to set forth Oliver this Will in the Wisp vanished and returned for England whither an Embassador from Venice that had layn some while here incognito appeared in that quality in the room of Signior Pauluzzi recalled and did notably complement Cromwel with his puissance valour and prudence and offered the respects and Friendships of that Signiory And Arguile from Scotland came to kiss his Highness Hands On the 24 of October the French Peace having been some while before concluded was solemnly Proclaimed first in the Court at White-hall next at Temple-Bar and so in other places and Monsieur De Bourdeaux the French Embassador next day treated at Dinner by the Protector In this Treaty the Royal Family of England all but the Queen-Mother were totally Excluded though the Duke of York still continued at Paris till after the arrival of Lockhart Cromwel's Embassador thither soon after when he departed for Brussels having been complementally invited to the next Summers Campagnia Thus Corruptio unius est generatio alterius the Spanish Peace was all to pieces for the same day that the French Peace was Proclaimed an Embargo was laid upon all Goods in the Canaries and the Spanish Embassador Don Alonso de Cardenas departed hence and by Gravesend shipt himself for Flanders and a Trader at Vigo in Spain was taken and seized and a Declaration of War published by that King Whereupon Cromwel presently erected a Committee of Trade of which his Son and Heir apparent Richard was the first named to consult how to manage and secure it An Embargo was likewise soon after laid here upon all ships and one Mr. Maynard dispatcht to the King of Portugal to make sure of his Ports and with some other intrigues a Fleet was likewise preparing to set out to Sea and the Footing in Iamaica resolved to be kept Maj. Sedgewick and Colonel Humphries with a Squadron of ships and a Regiment to 1000 fresh men having toucht at Barbadoes being landed there now where Sedgewick sent to Command in chief with Colonel Fortescue of the old and most of the new comers died of the Infection that was among them Humphries with much ado and danger of Death returned home in safety
prove it He defended himself by allegation that that which was said by him was but in jest and discourse and that the Action was altogether impossible he being but a single person Dr. Hewit would not acknowledge the Court but pleaded several Cases against it and was taken or surprized for a Mute Had he pleaded it is thought he might have escaped for Mallory the main Witness against him was fled for the present Next Mr. Iohn Mordant was set to the Bar who argued his Case so warily and pliantly after a Demurrer to the Court taking Notes of the Witnesses Evidence that he alone of the three was quitted but by one Voice Colonel Pride his undoubted Fate troubled with the Stone and being long at Urine withdrawing himself on that occasion while in the mean time the Court by one suffrage agreed upon his acquittal so that he may well be said Evasisse Calculis it being the custom of the Court to give Sentence by plurality of Voices Mr. Mallory being retaken together with Sir Humphry Bennet and Mr. Woodcock were charged next with the said Designes Mallory pleaded Guilty and was respited and saved Sir Humphry Bennet's Cause was not then determined Mr. Woodcock so handsomely and bravely defended himself that they could not fasten the Charge In the mean while on the 8 of Iune Sir Henry Slingsbury and Dr. Hewit were beheaded on Tower-hill Sir Henry suffering very readily and with submission the Doctor most devoutly and courageously with prayers for the King The Tyrant not satisfied with this brought in more viz. Mr. Carent in whose Ware-house Arms were found and Iohn Summers Edward Stacy Iohn Bettely Edward Ashton Oliver Allen and Fryar to the same Bar where they were all but Mr. Carent Condemned who escaped by the noble refusal of one Mr. Pits of the same party whose Examination they relyed upon to give Evidence against his Friends and chose rather to suffer Imprisonment and a Fine of 500 l. to be laid on him than to be branded with the note of Treachery how fairly soever to be excused Three of the other viz. Ashton as before and at the time of his seizure a Prisoner to Newgate and Iohn Bettely were Executed at Tower-street and Cheap-side by Hanging and Quartering both protesting their Innocency Bettely after he had hung almost a quarter of an hour pulled off his Cap with his Hands Stacy two days after was Hanged against the Exchange in Cornhil None of them but were worthy of far better ends which made the Tyrant most Execrably Odious The old Earl of Warwick presently after the Espousals of his Grand-son young Mr. Rich with Frances the youngest Daughter of the Protector died April 18. to whom his late honorary services and dishonourable Relations to this Protector were none of the least unhappinesses At the end of May the Lord Faulconbridge the other son for Fleetwood nor Claypole had either Manners or Worth to be employed in the Complement was sent away with a great Train to Salute and Gratulate the French King now at Calis upon the opening of the Campania and was received very splendidly in the mean while that his Uncle Sir Henry Slingsby was adjudged to Death and though he returned on the fifth of Iune three days before Execution and did what he could to save him yet all proved in vain for since Mr. Mordant and Mr. Woodcock had escaped there was no room for his life Soon after Monsieur Mancini Mazarine's Nephew and the Duke of Crequi came hither with the return of the Complement and were entertained highly at Brook-house and at Hampton-court with Feasting and Hunting and presently returned and that I may have done with this wretched Family of Cromwel the Lady Claypole died at Hampton-court August 6 of a disease in her Inwards and being taken Frantick with the stopping of her Terms raved much against the bloody cruelties of her Father and about the death of Dr. Hewit for whom to give her her due 't is said she interceded She was brought by Water to the Painted-chamber and in State buried in Hen. 7th's Chappel her Aunt Wilkins being Mourner c. The Earl of Mulgrave died coming up to London August 21. and though misplaced I must remember the great Whale 60 foot long that 〈◊〉 up as far as Greenwich Iune the 2 to the wonder of all people and the dangeâ—ous pastime and sport of such who hunted him with Guns and other Weapons thousands of people went down to see it upon the Sand. Sir Thomas Widdrington was made Lord Chief-Baron and the High Court of Iustice Adjourned till November And so we pass to the Flandrian-Coast to take an entire view of the joynt Forces and actions in those parts against the Spaniard and our Soveraign then concerned in that War A formidable Siâ—ge was framed before Dunkirk by the joynt Forces of English and French wâ—â—ch hotly Alarm'd the Spaniards in all their quarters hereupon Don Iohn of Austria takes these two things into serious consideration first the Importance of the place â—or its Situation it was a Key to Flanders a Frontier to France next after Graveling and a certain supply of Moneys by continual Booties brought in thither by his Men of War On the other side should he lâ—se Dunkirk the English in whose possession it would be put had a Door opened and fit opportunity to bid fair for all Flanders Here might an Army be landed from England and from hence incursions made into the heart of the Country In the mean time the Spanish Ports Newport and Ostend could expect no less than to be perpetually infested by Men of War which would utterly spoil their Trade and ruine the Inhabitants These and such-like considerations mounted Don Iohn upon fixt resolutions to undertake the Relief of Dunkirk though it were to the hazard of his whole Army In the mean while the Confederate Forces Beleaguering this strong place did in a small time working like Moles run their Trenches to the Spanish Counterscarp and still encroaching upon the Wall they promised fair to a speedy accomplishment of their Designe These things were well known to the Spanish Army who now saw the Relief of Dunkirk would admit of no delay for were it not speedily accomplished the Town of necessity must lie prostrate to the Enemies mercy The better to effect which therefore Don Iohn the Spanish General having drained his Garrisons to fill up his Army suddenly advanced with 15000 men to the relief of his distressed Friends these by a swift march through Fuernes quickly seated themselves upon some sandy Hills within an English mile and a half of Turenne the French General 's Camp The report of the Enemies neer advance made both the French and English Officers consult upon the best course that could be taken to repel the Force that now sate upon their Skirts and endeavoured to frustrate their labours in the present Siege if no worse success Time for
the Naseby as he at his treatment on board the same by General Montague expressed himself The Fortune of this Usurper by its constancy and confluence of success in so many desperate hazards and adventures in which his ambition had engaged him made the Nation give him over for impatible and as one exempted from those Conditions to which other Mortals were obliged and with a setled Terrour to expect the Extremity of all mischief and that it would come at last to that Calamity and Tragical Slavery of delivering our Children and Posierity Tributaries and Vassals to the Lust and Dominion of his new-found Family Nothing was more certainly concluded on than this that before we should arrive at our Liberty and our Fundamental Rights and Laws we were to pass through another Red-sea and its like coloured Element of Fire Such his untractable obstinacy and fixed resolution of uncontroulable Empire or vast Ruine that Nero's Jambick would better and more amply have fitted Oliver 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Blend Fire and Earth together when I die Nor had ever any that confidence in any presages or Fortuning-accidents as to suppose them of any manner of concernment or portent to him no though the loud voice of Heaven had Proclaimed it in a most mighty and terrible Wind for as to that of the Whale and the approaches of Death to him in his Family by the decease of Mrs. Claypole it was thought a foolish curiosity and a wresting of Providence so much his Friend and familiar Favourite to apply their Prognosticks to his departure and I may safely say that had it been Treason to Imagine the Death of this Protector very few but his Doctors would have been guilty of it and one reason was the verdure of his Lawrel and yet-flourishing Triumphs whose blooming Glories computed him very young and vigorous for Fortune is seldom seen a friend to Old Age which his trim and dress did help to personate In short his own Domesticks and those best acquainted with him nay even himself were presumptuously confirmed against any thoughts of his death in the very desperation of his life as will presently appear For it pleased Heaven that had given us so many bitter Cups to drink now to throw away the dregs of them in the Carcass of this Usurper and empty this Vessel of his Wrath which was as the 7th Vial justly taking the forfeiture of all his Trophies and Victories by his surrender on the appointed signal day of the 3d of September that he might not die in debt to the exhausted credit of Prodigal Success And who knows but he might decease on that his Rubrick day which he annually celebrated with a Thanksgiving to give the Nation a most just and solemn cause of gratitude not to be so uncharitable as to say that he descended with the train and tincture of that days slaughter as the further commaculation of his unrepented Parricide He was taken sick at Hampton-court having not been well in Minde sometime before troubled with the last frantick words of his beloved Daughter Claypole who threatned Judgement like another mad Cassandra and with the insinuations and encroachments of the Republicans party into the Army nor were some of his Relations taint-free of those principles but were winding towards them The Disease was a bastard Tertian which appeared not at first of any danger but after a weeks time it began to shew very desperate Symptoms wherefore he was removed to White-hall where his Chaplains and others of that pious Family kept private meetings and Fastings for his recovery of which they were so vainly confident as before that they obtruded their unseasonable thanks to God for the certainty of it and with the same unseasonable flattery and pickthank with the Protector deluded him into the like perswasion so that he told his Physicians He should not die this bout but the Fits proving worse and worse and causing him to talk Idlery and to â—aint often they in Council concluded he could scarce survive another Paroxysm at which the Privy-Council being astonish'd they immediately repaired to him about his fetling a Successor whom by the Petition he was to declare in his Life-time but he was then scarce himself which they perceiving interrogated him if he appointed not his Son Richard whereunto he answered in the Affirmative It was thought that he had designed Fleetwood in his ultimate thoughts but the distraction of the choice betwixt his Son and Son-in-law had made him leave it undetermined a private Will relating to his Family he made at his first sickning at Hampton-court Continuing in this condition he died on Friday the 3d of September at three of the clock in the afternoon though divers rumours were spread that he was carried away in the Tempest the day before His Body being opened and Embalmed his Milt was found full of Corruption and Filth which was so strong and stinking that after the Corps were Embalmed and filled with Aromatick Odours and wrapt in Cerecloath six double in an inner-sheet of Lead and a strong Wooden-coffin yet the Filth broke through them all and raised such a noysome stink that they were forced to bury him out of hand but his Name and Memory stinks worse As to his Character little can be added more than what hath been said in the progress of this Chronicle This various shifting Polititian best shewing himself in his Contaction nearness and present relation to the several Changes and diversities of Affairs Counsels and Governments he passed as the Chamelion appears in that colour that is next to it and cannot otherwise be described He was alter Ego or with the Comedian he might have given this devise Egomet ipse non sum Ego and certainly the first of his designes were Enthusiasted and he acted beyond himself as prevailing in many things beyond the power of Reason or Strength and indeed all imagination such was the subversion of the Government a thing not to be thought possible to be projected by one of such every way Insufficiencies He was as feat a Priest as a Prince yet acted them both very well according to the humour of the times which are the Standard of Government Sometimes Alloy is as current as pure Metal and he could never have Princed it but through the distempers and misrules that raigned before him and his Preaching was none of the unserviceablest Functions to the preceding Anarchy and his own Usurpation which made him never quit it to the last The Turkish Emperours have always a Trade and Oliver's was this Knack with which he was so much in love that when in the Humble Petition there was inserted an Article against publick Preachers being Members of Parliament he excepted against it disertly and expresly Because he he said was one and divers Officers of the Army by whom much good had been done and those things brought about and therefore desired they would explain the said Article But I am engaged far beyond
the Officers and some words but never a blow for the Soldiers were resolved not to Fight one against the other for the best Parliament or the best Cause that ever was in England In this posture they continued till Night when the Council of State who umpired the difference between the Red-Coats commanded and ordered them to their several Quarters as good friends as ever It must be remembred that the Rump suspecting of this Juncto of State had privately named another to Act if a dissolution should happen The Army-Officers the next day after this Conquest met at Whitehal and declared Fleetwood for their General They appointed also a select number of the Council of State to consider of fit ways to carry on the Affairs of the Common-wealth and suspended all those Officers that were active on the other side and referred them to a Court Martial for remedy giving power to Fleetwood Ludlow Desborough Lambert Sir Henry Vane and Berry to nominate all Officers and appointed the reviving of the old Laws of Military Discipline and that Fleetwood as before should be owned for General and Lambert and Desborough as Major and Commissary General the latter in England and Scotland too not a syllable mentioned of General Moncks consent to the bargain save that Colonel Cobbet was dispatched thither to inform him of the Passages as Colonel Barrough was sent upon the same errand to Ireland That Committee just before mentioned of which Vane Whitlock Lambert and Berry were chief Fleetwood and Desborough must needs be in begot or gigged themselves into another Committee called a Committee of Safety some few more being added from the City who were to consider of a form of Government and if they thought fit to advise with the General Council of Officers and to bring in a Draught within six weeks their power the same with the former Council of State to which this was added they were to call Delinquets to Tryal and to give Indemnity to all that had acted for the Parliament since 1641. to suppress Rebellious Insurrections to Treat with Forreign Princes to confer Offices and to state the Sales and Compositions of those late Delinquents their Names were as follow viz. Fleetwood Lambert Desborough Steel Whitlock Vane Ludlow Sydenham Salloway Strickland Seven last Members of the Rump Berry Laurence Olivers's President of his Council Sir Iames Harrington another Rumper Warreston a Scotch-man and Henry Brandrith a Cloath-drawer Citizen Cornelius Holland a Member Hewson Clark Bennet and Lilbourn Colonels of the Army These by Letters of Invitation being brought together to consider of a Government which Vane had already Projected the Cement whereof was an intended Marriage betwixt Lamberts's Son and his Daughter the Council of Officers emitted a Declaration shewing the reasons of the late Change and do thereby disanul the pretended Act of Treason Octob. 10. to Levy Money without consent in Parliament as done precipitantly and unduly and not according to the Custome of Parliament declare for Ministry and the maintenance of it by a less vexatious way than Tithes for Liberty and that the Army will not meddle in Civil Affairs but refer the Civil and Executive Power to the Council of State or Safety to provide for the Government and to set up a free State without King single Person or House of Lords And for Conclusion desire the Prayers of the Godly The Judges were nevertheless in this mad state of Affairs perswaded to sit in the several Courts Whitlock officiating the Chancery Sir Thomas Alleyn the Lord Mayor of London was likewise sworn before the Barons of the Exchequer Sir William Waller and others that had been snapt up by the Rump took advantage of it and brought their Habeas Corpus to the Kings Bench. Sir William got his liberty and shortly after the Earl of Northampton Lord Bellasis Faulconbridge Faulkland Castelton Lord Herbert of Ragland Lord Charles Howard were all released upon bail That wretch Bradshaw died at the Lodgings given him in the Deans-house at Westminster the beginning of this Moneth of Novemb. in the same desperate impenitence in which since the Fact he lived saying to a Gentleman on his Death-bed that charitably advised him to examine himself about the matter of the Kings Death That if it were to do again he would be the first man that should do it He was freed by this his Disease which was occasioned by an Ague as Cromwel's from the terrour and fear of the ensuing Change the apprehensions whereof setled in him ever since his Country the Cheshire Design He was grown publiquely confident and had left off his Guards he first kept about him but his privacy was more than usually and all his actions and gestures more reserved He was carried out with a great Funeral and much attendance of the Men of those Times and Interred in the Abby and his Crime published for his Commendation A little before died Edmund Prideaux the Attorney-General throughout the Usurpation by which he got a very vast Estate leaving Sixty Thousand pounds in Gold as credible report went in his Coffers besides Lands of very great demesnes This Change like a nine days wonder was quite over and the Army and Lambert here very brisk and slighting the Rump and all it could do when a Cooling Card came from the North in a Letter from General Monk declaring his unsatisfiedness with those proceedings of the Army which hugely deceived their Expectations because he had so readily concurred with their former mutation and the Officers there were many of them Phanaticks but the Case was altered he resolved to assert the Parliamentary Interest and when Cobbet sent hence came to Berwick he had him secured there and sent with a Guard Prisoner to Edinborough Castle The manner of his declaring for the Parliament was thus On the Eighteenth of October being at Dalkeith he sent for Col. Wilks Governour of Leith Lieutenant-Col Emerson Captain Ethelbert Morgan now made his Lieutenant-Colonel Lieutenant-Col Hubberthorne Cloberry and Miller to come to him whom he acquainted with his Resolution and they engaged to stand by him against the Factious part of the Army as he characterized them On the Nineteenth he come to Edinburgh where his own and Col. Talbot's Regiment with lighted Matches and Ball received him to whom he declared the same and promised them their Arrears at which they loudly shouted then he went to Leith where he was entertained in the like manner and at his departure had Seventeen Guns given him from the Citadel and Volleys from the Regiment Then he turned all the Anabaptist-Officers out of the Regiments and secured them in Timptallon-Castle At the same time upon pretences of consulting with Lieutenant-Col Young of Cobbets Regiment Lieutenant-Col Keyn and Major Kelke of Pearsons Regiment he sent for them to him and upon their coming clapt them up but released Keyn upon his promise of adherence Together with them he had advertisement that
of his Majesty Upon the 9 th of December the Right Reverend Humphrey Lord Bishop of London was sworn one of his Majesties most Honorable Privy Council having for his great Worth Learning and Integrity been a little before translated from New Sarum to the more dignifi'd See of London Soon after came news of the death of that Eminent Loyal and Renowned Patriot Judge Ienkins who died at his house at Cowbridge in the 81 year of his age in perfect Sence and Memory He di'd as he liv'd preaching with his last breath to his Relations Loyalty to the King and obedience to the Laws of England leaving behind him an unspotted Fame and the Memory of a President which this Age only could have needed and the next will hardly out-do A great storm threatned the Dutch Merchants trading in the Grand Seigniors Dominions by the miscarriage of their Ships which loading the Grand Seigniors Goods and Merchandize of Turks to the value of 170000 Dollars was surpriz'd by a Malthese But the Turks would not believe but that the Commander of the Dutch Vessel was privy to some Treachery and therefore the Grand Seignior resolving not to lose what was in his power to recover sent for the Holland Resident perswading him that he engag'd for the fidelity of the Master to make him and the Dutch Nation responsible for his loss in order whereunto directions were given to secure the Dutch Merchants in Smyrna and the Resident commanded to abide in Adrianople so that there was no way to redeem him from ensuing mischief but a quick promise of satisfaction In Italy the Pope and King of France were like to have been engag'd in a very great Quarrel For the Pope being incens'd against the King of France for encroaching upon the Church occasion'd by the Popes delay of giving him satisfaction for the injury done to the Duke of Grequi by the Corsi began a serious debate in the Conclave how to proceed against him whether by Excommunication or otherwise though carried in the end for moderation However the King of France possesses himself of Avignon The Pope kept a great bustle at first and made a fair shew as if he would have oppos'd the French King but the King of France having already sâ—nt some Troops into Italy and ready to advance with a greater Body at length Articles of Agreement were sign'd at Pisa between Bourlemont and Cardinal Rasponi First That the Cardinal Imperial should be confin'd to Genoa during the Kings pleasure That Dom Mario the Popes Brother should be banish'd to Siena for three years not to return to Rome upon any pretence whatsoever That Cardinal Chigi the Popes Nephew should be sent into France where at his first Audience he should desire the French Kings Pardon for himself and his whole Family and in his second Audience in the Name of the Pope supplicate the Christian Kings excuse for the affront given to the Duke of Crequi That the said Duke in his return to Rome by Land should be met at the Frontiers of the State Ecclesiastick by Dom Augusto another of the Popes Nephews if by Sea at a proportionate distance by the Gallies of the Church And the Dutchess of Crequi to be receiv'd at a Leagues distance from Rome by the Wife of Dom Mario That the Duke of Crequi being return'd to Rome shall be there treated with all bâ—n our due and customary to the Ministers of France That the Duke of Cesarini be restor'd to his Goods and Honors and indemnifi'd for the future and all others who had suffer'd in the King of France's Quarrel The Dutchy of Castro restor'd to the Duke of Parma paying 1200000 Livres at such and such payments The Valley of Cornachio to the Duke of Modena paying 500000 Livres in consideration of the charge of Garrisons That there be a Pillar rais'd in the Palace of the Corsi with an Inscription bearing the substance of their Condemnation Out of which Articles the ground of the Quarrel is easie to be gather'd and how easily a Catholick Prince though one of the Eldest Sons of the Church can dispence with his obedience to the Pope when he has a power and spirit to resist him and that it is not the Law of Nature that the Pope should trample upon the Necks of Princes Rasponi with great reluctancie linger'd out to the last moment but the Pope found himself oblig'd to yield to the King upon his own Conditions While the Christian Princes are thus at difference the Turk enlarges his Dominions laying Siege to New-hausel one of the most considerable Passes and Forts which the Christians had in those parts The Bassa coming before the Town sent in a Summons to Count Foâ—gats the Governor in these words I through the Grace of God and through the Miracles of our Prophet who is a Son of both Worlds and by whom there is happiness and glory I that am the first in Council and General of the most Mighty Emperor of the Turks that is the King of all the Kings of the Earth To you Adam Forgats that are the Chief of the Nobility of Hungary Do make known that through the Command of my gratious Lord I am come with his Forces before New-hausel to reduce it to his obedience Wherefore if ye shall deliver up the place to us you shall have liberty to march out with what belongs to you from the highest to the lowest and to what place you please And he that will rather stay shall keep his goods and estate But if you will not yield we will take it by force and every man of ye from the highest to the lowest of you shall be put to the sword If the Hungarians did but know the Intentions of the Mighty Emperor they and their Children would bless God for them Peace be to the Obedient But for all this menacing Summons the Town held out many a brisk Assault of the Besiegers who lost near 20000 of their men before it so that it was verily reported that the Enemy would have quitted the Siege had it held out a week longer But Count Forgats delivered iâ— up at length contrary to the will of the Germans upon Conditions to march out Bag and Baggage to the next Garrison leaving behind him 60 brass Guns Powder and Ball in proportion 3000 fats of Wine and plenty of Provisions Count Serini watched all advantages yet durst not attempt to relieve it by reason of the smalness of his force and yet in some measure he quit scores with them shortly after For hearing of a great Body of the Enemy who were intending to lay a Ship-bridge over the River Mur he march'd thither and as soon as he understood that two thousand were got over the water he set upon them at such a disadvantage that he put them to the rout their fellows that were coming over fell into such a consternation that they could neither get back nor swim nor
affirm'd that he died by a heat taken in Hunting however the Emperour was very diligent to take all convenient orders for the prevention of any disquiet that might arise by reason of his death The Cessation made the last year between the Emperour and the great Turk began now to look with a favourable aspect toward a general conclusion of Peace The Emperour's Embassador Count Lesley having had a very honourable Reception from the Grand Visier at Constantinople And the Turkish Chiaux having been no less sumptuously attended by the Emperour's Commissioners appointed to conduct him to Vienna whither the Presents which he brought from the Grand Seignior were not a little sumptuous among the rest a Tent for Workmanship of Embroidery and Jewels valued at 200000 Rix-dollars In September the Peace betwixt the two Great Emperours was wholly concluded with that satisfaction to the Turk that Count Lesley the Emperour's Embassador acknowledged himself to have been Treated with that Civility and Magnificence that never any Imperial Embassador had received the like before It was thought this year would have put an end to the differences between the Duke of Savoy and the Commonwealth of Genoua But instead of Composure the Breach grew wider for the Duke of Savoy demanded the restitution of certain Villages which he claim'd as belonging to his Ancestors which the Genoueses in possession were loath to part with He also claim'd the right of Passage to carry Salt through the State of Genoua into Piedmont together with a priviledge of being nam'd first in all Articles of Treaty Better success had the Quarrel between the Electors of Mentz and Collen which with much difficulty this year was brought to a final conclusion upon Conditions That the City of Erford and the Villages thereto belonging should continue Hereditary to the Elector of Mentz the Duke of Saxony renouncing all pretences to them That Saxony should keep possession of seven Lordships which the Elector of Mentz laid claim to That Religion should remain unmolested according to the Auspurgh Confession And that the two Electors should enter into a League Offensive and Defensive The Portugueses heightned with their late Victories and still back'd with the English Succours Invade Galicia where they Sack'd 24 Towns and Villages at length coming before La Guarda the English leading the Van were commanded to enter the Town which they gain'd with small loss but in Storming the Fort they found a smarter resistance though that also was in a short time compell'd to yield but with the unhappy fall of Captain Charles Langley Lieutenant Senhouse and Ensigne Berry In Germany the Duke of Brandenburg makes new Levies of Horse and Foot and now with his Arms in his Hands he demands a Restitution of the Tolls at Genuep and a regulation of Quarterings and Musters through his Country which though Beverning was sent to excuse yet it could not be forgot The Dutch did not care to have too many Enemies which made the Brandenburgher think it seasonable to raise his Market the price of his Alliance being nineteen Tun of Gold At length all the Conferences of his Ministers and the Dutch ended in this That there should be a speedy meeting appointed to consult for the common Peace and Safety of that Circle of the Empire the Elector Declaring that he could not conclude any thing in relation to the present War without the consent of the rest of his Allies This year the Queen-Mother of France Anne of Austria Sister to Philip the 4 th departed this Life before her expiration making use of her last Breath to recommend to her Son The easing of his People to preserve Vnity between himself and his Brother and in all things to imitate the Example of his Grandfather Henry the 4th In Italy there arose a Contest of no small consequence between the Venetian and the Pope For the Venetian claiming the Sovereignty of the Adriatick-Sea finding a Vessel belonging to the Pope there demanded the Custom due to that Republick which the Master denying they carried the Vessel to Venice The Pope demands Restitution but they make such a tedious Demur that it amounted to a denyal Hereupon the Pope makes an Embargo in Ancona and all his other Ports of the Venetian Ships They send to their Embassador at Rome to complain the Pope denies him Audience but by the Mediation of the Cardinal Patron the difference was Compos'd in regard of their War with the Turks against whom the Pope then reigning was a most Devout Enemy About this time the Iews were strangely Alarm'd with the News of a New Messiah The Impostor was a person bred and born in Smyrna who in a short space grew to such a Head that no one Jew durst open his Mouth against him he drew after him great Multitudes and was strangely ador'd by the chiefest of the Iews That which contributed to the Imposture was a Confederacy of Thirty others who pretending themselves to have the Gift of Prophesie in all their Publique Ejaculations pointed out him for the Messiah Whether it were he or another but in Eden a great City in the Kingdom of Elal in Arabia Felix there was at the same time a Iew by the Name of Giorobaon who by his dextrous Oratory reduc'd all the Citizens for the most part Iews to his Obedience killing the Bassa and forcing the Garrison to submit to him In a little time his Numbers increas'd he calling himself their Prophet so that in a short time he drew after him all the Arabians of the Mountain Cabuburra thence passing through Arabia Pâ—trea he Possess'd himself of Medina and Mecca writing from those parts to all the Iews of Idumea and Syria to prepare for his Reception Nor were these two alone for at the same time one Sabadai not so Warlike but more Prophetical did strangely entoxicate the brains of his Brethren with an Assurance of the Arrival of their Expected Messiah and was so vain as to go to Constantinople to demand the Land of Promise from the Grand Signior One thing must not be omitted since we are among the Iews and the Turks That the Secretary to the Turkish Embassador sent to Conclude the Peace at Vienna after the business was over took an occasion whether out of Design or Devotion is for others to conjecture to absent himself with several Papers of Importance from his Masters Service and turn Christian. Yet notwithstanding the Turkish Peace the Emperour was not a little disturb'd by the Revolt of Palaffi Imbre who with a great number of ill-disciplin'd Vagabonds did very much infest Hungaria solliciting the Bassa of Ersa to his Assistance but through the great diligence of the Palatine of Hungaria he prevail'd little or nothing this Year more than in spoyling and Robbing the Country He was soon defeated and taken his Person was Committed to Prison where he remain'd till the Nuptials of the Empress at which time he
make of any Exactions practis'd upon them by any of the Officers Sub-Officers or Clerks in the Navy-Office or Treasury-Office that if the same should appear to be true Justice might be done upon the one and Satisfaction given to the other About this time dy'd Mr. Abraham Cowley one of the chiefest Ornaments of this Age whose Immature Death succeeding Ages will lament when they finde what Treasures they have lost by his untimely Fate His temperate Life did not deserve so short a Period But Heaven perhaps thought he had done enough that could not well do more than make himself Immortal His Body was convey'd from Wallingford-House to Westminster-Abbey attended by many Persons of very great Quality over whose Grave has been since Erected a stately Monument to Eternize his Memory In America the French had a Design upon Mevis having drawn out all their Forces from Martenico Guadaloup and St. Christophers strengthen'd also with an additional force of their own and two Dutch Men of War being in all 32 Sail but being encountred by 10 Sail of the English who were sent by Lieutenant General Willoughby for the relief of the Island the English so smartly Encountr'd them that he Chased them home to St. Christophers Upon the Return of the English to Mevis they found Sir Iohn Harman newly Arriv'd there with seven Men of War and two Fireships who understanding what had happen'd resolv'd to fall upon them in their own Ports which he did so effectually that he burn'd their Admiral and six or seaven of their best Ships more the rest all but two were sunk partly by the industry of the Enemy partly by the Shot of the English Ships in which Service the English lost not above 80 Men with little damage to their Vessels From the other Indies two ships about this time arriv'd under the Convoy of Sir Ieremy Smith who having been cruising in the Streights the most part of the Summer had met with no opportunity of considerable action more than to keep the Dominion of the Seas However at length he made a shift to meet with two Dâ—â—ch East-Indie-Prises outward bound which he brought home returning into St. Helâ—ens-Road toward the end of September Nor did the Dutch at any time Triumph where the number was not too unequal as appeared by the success of six of our smaller Frigats who falling in with three Holland Men of War of 42 36 and 30 Guns and two Merchant-men to the Northward took the three Men of War and one of the Merchant-men being forc'd to quit the other upon view of a whole Squadron of the Enemy At home the King had notice of the great concourse of very many persons of the Romish Religion to the Chappels of St. Iames and Somerset-house and therefore gave order in â—ouncil That if any of his Subjects not being of the Families of the Queen or Queen-Mother or of Forrein Embassadors should repair to hear Mass or perform any Exercises of the Romish Religion that they should be severely prosecuted and such punishments inflicted upon them as by Law were provided And for the better discovery of such as were addicted to Popery the Lord-Keeper was Authoriz'd to issue out Commissions of Dedimus Potestatem for administring the Oaths of Allegeance and Supremacy in all places of England and Wales where they had not been already granted by the Lord-Chancellor The abuses also of the Company of Woodmongers were look'd into and upon frequent consultations thereupon had it was thought fit that for the conveniency of the Publick their Charter should be surrender'd which when they peremptorily refus'd to do the Atturney-General was order'd to proceed against them by Quo Warranto and by Information in the Crown-Office The City began to rise with more splendor now than ever which the King to forward as much as in him lay as soon as the Foundation of the Royal Exchange was appointed to be laid was pleased to be present and assisting at the Solemnity His Majesty there placing the first Stone with the usual Ceremonies Not long after the Duke of York attended with several persons of Honour went into the City and being honourably receiv'd by the Lord Mayor and Aldermen with the usual Ceremonies upon such occasions laid the first Stone for a second Pillar which gave so great an encouragement to the Workmen that never did so large a Structure go on with greater Vigour The remaining part of the Year was more for Counsel than Action And therefore the King for the better regulating affairs for the future among other Important parts thereof taking into his consideration the ways and methods of managing matters at the Council-Board establish'd several standing Committees for several businesses with regular daies for their Assembling And not content to have Peace at home His Majesty to shew himself a Mediator among his Neighbours sent his Embassador the Earl of Sandwich on that Grand Errand of making Peace between Spain and Portugal who soon after he had his dispatches arriv'd at Lisbon He no sooner had had his Audience but upon the resignation of the former King the Infanta his Brother took possession of the Scepter However so well he manag'd his employ that in a short while after the Articles were fully agreed on between the two Crowns of Spain and Portugal and the Ratification mutually exchang'd between the said Embassador of England and the Spanish and Portugueze Commissioners and soon thereupon publish'd both at Madrid and Lisbon The Insolencies of private Men of War were about this time very great and therefore the King taking into consideration as well the safeguard and protection of his own Subjects as of his Allies the disturbances of Commerce and the diminution of his own Revenues in his own Ports and Harbours set forth a Proclamation commanding an inviolable Tâ—uce and Cessation in his own Ports Havens and Roads That his Subjects by Sea and Land should do their utmost to hinder the roving and hovering of any Men of War neer the Entry of any of his Ports or Harbours That if any Men of War of one side came into any Port where were Merchant-men of another party the Merchant-men should be suffer'd to depart two Tides before the Men of War That no Privateer with forrein Commission should stay above 24 hours in any of his Majesties Ports or Harbours That none of his Majesties Subjects should contract or deal with any forrein Man of War That no Mariner or Officer being the King 's Subject should presume to put himself into the service of any forrein Prince or State Toward the beginning of this Moneth the Paâ—â—â—ament according to their Adjournment met At which time the King coming to the House of Lords directed his Speech to both Houses telling them that he had made a League Defensive with the States of the Vnited Provinces with a League also for an Efficacious Mediation of Peace betwixt the two Crowns
men of Saâ—y since the Truce made with him to be restor'd to their Liberty But the further issue of this Embassie is to be expected in the following Year And for this delay the Emperour excus'd himself for not engaging so great a person in a Country where he had not power to protect him Returning home we meet with no small loss in the Decease of the Duke of Albemarle after a long indisposition of Health in the sixty second year of his Age. His Garter being brought to the King was by his immediate command carried back to the Earl of Turrington then by his Father's death Duke of Albemarle with a further declaration that he should immediately also succeed in the place of Gentleman of his Bed-chamber and Lord-Lieutenant of the County of Devon and farther the King was pleas'd to send him word that as the last mark of Gratitude to the memory of the Deceased he would himself take care for the Funeral which not long after was perform'd with great Solemnity at the King 's particular charge Nor did the Dutchess his Wife stay long behinde him dying toward the latter end of the Moneth but was more privately buried in the Chappel of Henry the seventh The Republick of Venice had â—ent a very honourable Embassie into England in requital of which the Lord Falconbridge by the King's order departed in the same employment to the Venetian State being commanded in his way to visit some other Princes and States of Italy Nor must we omit the kindness of the Grand Duke of Tuscany who besides his civil entertainment of the Earl of Northumbâ—rland in acknowledgement of the courteous entertainment which he had received in England built and gave to the King of England two very stout Gallies for a guard of the Coast about Tangier being of great importance to the service of his Majesty The Parliament according to the term appointed in their last Prorogation was now assembled to whom the King as he was wont to do made a short Speech which was enlarged upon by another from the Lord-â—eeper The King therein recommended three things more especially to them the one was Unity among themselves the Union of England and Scotland and the Supply of his present and urgent Necessities As to the differences among themselves they were as soon as sate buried in oblivion and all matter of prejudice threatned thereby as suddenly vanish'd For they were no sooner sate but according to his Majesty's Recommendation both Houses came to a full agreement in the matter in debate between 'um greatly to the encouragement of all that regarded the good of the Nation as by the effect of their unanimous consultations soon after appeared Forein Affairs 1669. The Treaty at Aix la Chapelle one would have thought should have brought a general repose to Europe but jealousies of State had interrupted the quiet that should have attended upon it The King of France's new demands of appendencies to his Conquests in Flanders startled the Spaniards whereby Contributions were exacted by the French from places under the Spanish Jurisdiction as they took it for granted Nor did the States of Holland care at all for their Neighbourhood This made the Constable of Castile then Governour of the Spanish Netherlands in the place of Castel-Rodrigro send his Complaints to the French King who appointed Commissioners to sit at Lille for the composure of all these differences These Complaints the King of France eludes by renouncing his pretensions in one place and claiming in another quitting Charleroy and claiming Ipre quitting Conde and claiming Oudenard in which contests the Commissioners at Lille having spent many Moneths in vain were at length forc'd to break off without doing any thing On the other side Pompone the French Embassador endeavours all that might be to assure the States of Holland of the great inclinations of the King his Master to entertain all Friendship and good Correspondency with them telling them that he doubted not but the cares which he had for the glory of Christendom would in time sufficiently convince 'um of the vanity of those fears which some did endeavour to sow amongst ' um Nevertheless the States prepar'd for the security of their Frontiers and gave particular order to fortifie several Towns of Overyssel and upon the Borders of Westphalia In this juncture of time came news that the King of France had laid double Impositions upon the Manufactures of Holland in recompence of which kindness the Dutch lay an Imposition upon French Wine and Brandy proceeding at length to do the same upon all French Wares and forbid absolutely the Importation of Brandy and all other Distill'd Waters into Holland and upon this fuel those silent Animosities fed which afterwards brake out into greater Flames But between the States and Portugal there began to be a better understanding a new League being made betwixt them with condition that Cochin and Conomer in the East-Indies should remain to the Dutch and that four Millions of Money due to the States should be paid according to the Agreement made between them The Venetians in Candy had held out a long while against the main force of the Turk being assisted by many Princes of Europe especially the French first under the Command of Beaufort but with ill success he being slain in a Salley after him under the Conduct of the Duke of Navailles who after many Salleys and attempts finding little good to be done with what Souldiers he had left deserts the Garrison and returns for France though not without some disgrace to his person for the King of France hearing of his being landed commanded him to retire to his own possessions forbidding him to see his Face The Venetian seeing no hopes of keeping the Town any longer surrender'd it upon Articles and at length concluded a Peace inviolable for the advantage of Trade and mutual quiet of both Subjects King Casimire of Poland having resign'd and being now retired into France after many debates and much contention one Wisnowiskie a Native and one of the chief Nobility was the Elected King being Crown'd in September and soon after Married to Eleanor Sister to the Emperour of Germany This Year Clement the ninth of the House of Rospigliosi died at Rome having promoted six new Cardinals a little before his death A great Stickler against the Turks his Gallies under the Command of his Kinsman Don Vincenzo Rospigliosi being very serviceable to the Venetian After his Decease Cardinal Rospigliosi by vertue of a Brief acted as Pope till the new Election His death was followed by the death of the King of Denmark to whom succeeded his Son Christian the fifth The King of France at length signifies his willingness to refer the differences between himself and the Crown of Spain to the Arbitration of the Kings of England and Sweden But all this hinder'd not the conclusion of the Triple Alliance which was in the latter end of March in all points
next day being resolv'd into a Grand Committee upon their taking into consideration the King 's and the Lord Chancellor's Speeches they made an unanimous Vote that a supply should be given the King of 18 Moneths Assessment not exceeding 70000 l. a Moneth While they were thus acting Sir Iob Charleton falls sick and his Indisposition continuing the House by the King's permission chose a new Speaker Edward Seymor Esq by Name a person of great Loyalty and known ability Soon after they presented the King an humble Address for satisfying and composing the mindes of his Majesties Subjects To which the King return'd for Answer That he did readily and freely agree thereto That on the other side it was five Moneths since he had demanded a Supply and that their Vnanimous Vote did both give life to his Affairs and disheartned the Enemy but their delay would make them take new courage That the Enemy was preparing a greater Fleet than ever they had and therefore desir'd them that the fears and jealousies of some might not bring a Ruine upon all That if there were any Scruples remaining with them concerning the suspention of Penal Laws He promis'd that what had been already done should not be drawn into future Example Lastly That as he expected the Bill for his supply so He should as willingly receive and pass any other to give them satisfaction The Effect of all which appear'd at the beginning of the following Year Forrein Affairs 1672. The most important difference between the Lesser Princes and States of Christendom was between the Duke of Savoy and the State of Genoa who taking advantage of a difference between the Officers and Souldiers of the Garrison had surpris'd Oneglia and the Territories thereto belonging Thereupon the Duke with a strong Army invades the Jurisdiction of the Genoeses takes Guado the Key of the Genoese State towards Monâ—ferrat after that Sissello a most delicious place and full of rich Booty together with Iustinesi Not thus content he over-ran all the Riviera toward Nizza and retakes the Principality of Oneglia But then by the Interposition of the King of France first a Cessation then a Peace was Concluded Nor was Poland without a great share of Civil Dissention by reason of great differences between one part of the Nobility who were term'd Male-contents and the other part of the Nobility who sided with the King The Army under Sobieskie undertook the Defence of the Male-contents and Marches for Warsaw under pretence of protecting their Nobility which were so severely prosecuted The Archbishop of Gnesne a potent Prelate kept himself from Court in Opposition to the Kings Interests though all endeavours were used to reconcile him In this posture the Popes Nuntio arrives to Mediate but it was too hard a task to be accomplisht this Year From these troubles Casimire having withdrawn himself by a timely Resignation liv'd for some time privately in France where he this Year dy'd of an Apoplexy at Nevers But his Death was not so much taken notice of as the Death of the Empress to whom this Year was equally Fatal Anno Dom. 1673. THE first remarkable passages of this year were the Transactions in Parliament who being press'd by the King for a Supply fell with that seriousness and quickness to their Work that by the latter end of March they had compleated several Bills among the rest an Act for raising the Sum of One hundred thirty eight thousand seven hundred and fifty thousand pound for supply of his Majesties Extraordinary occasions And another Act of General and Free Pardon To which when the King had given his Assent the Parliament was Adjourn'd till the 20th of October next ensuing About this time the Earl of Northumberland being Dead and the Family of the Peircies being Extinct one Iames Percy an ordinary Mechanick coming out of Ireland laid claim both to the Title and Estate and went so far as to present a Petition to the House of Lords to hear him in Relation to his Claim but when his Petition came to be read notwithstanding that he had two Months time given him before and that he had caus'd above forty Witnesses to be sworn at the Bar he made so little of any probability appear toward his said Claim that the Lords resolv'd that the Petition of the said Iames Percy should be dismiss'd and that they would consider how to proceed against him as an Impostor Much about this time was the Island of Tabago taken from the Dutch by the English under the Command of Sir Tobias Bridges with a Booâ—y of 400 prisoners and as many Negroes though a greater loss hapn'd to the English by the taking of Sr. Hellenâ—s by the Dutch and might have prov'd great Obstruction to the Trade of the East-Indies had it not been soon after regain'd by the English with a more fatal Loss to the Dutch of Three very considerable East-India ships which with the regaining of the Island was such a seasonable piece of Service perform'd by Captain Monday that the King himself thought it worthy the honour of a Knighthood which was conferr'd upon him at his return in August when he brought along with him both the good News and Prizes But now the English and Dutch Fleets being abroad Actions of higher Importance call to be related wherein it will not be amiss to follow the whole Series of this Years Maritime Transactions without any digression The Belgians first got to Sea and shew'd themselves at the Rivers Mouth with an intention to have stopt up the Mouth of the Thames by sinking several great Ships in the Narrow Passages of the Channel call'd the Middle-ground but the broadness of the Channel and the commodiousness of other Channels rendred their Attempts altogether in vain Prince Rupert who Commandâ—d the English Fleet that he might not seem to be shut in sails toward the Enemy wâ—o unwilling to abide his coming recover their own Shoar The Prince therefore sails away for the Streights of Calis with an intention to joyn with the Fleet from Portsmouth and the French and coming to Dunganess there casts Anchor in expectation of their coming who were not long absent in this interim no small danger threatned the Admiral by which the Edgar and Lyon were forc'd from their Anchors by the accidental firing of a Fireship But now the French consisting of 27 great Ships and the Portsmouth Fleet being joyn'd with the rest of the Navy the Prince resolves to visit the Dutch Coast and comes before Schonevelt where the Fleet of the Enemy lay the Prince's intention was to have Engag'd but the Sea growing rough they came to an Anchor till the 28th The morning proving fair and a fresh Gale the English prepare to Engage to which end the Prince Commands some 35 of the more nimble Frigats to provoke 'um out of the Sands with which they lay surrounded but they contrary to expectation boldly come â—orth and in excellent
manner of his escape and arrival at Paris 311. Continues there ibid. Interposeth betwixt that King and Princes honoured by the Duke of Lorrain ibid. From Paris to Liege and from the Spaw 363. to Colen 365. At the Duke of Newburg ibid. Privately withdraws upon Penruddock's rising 367. At Frankford 376. An interview with the Queen of Sweden in company with the Princess of Aurange ibid. To Flanders at Bruges 384. False reports spread of him here on designe 377. Honourably treated by the Elector of Mentz ibid. Entertains Forces in Flanders 291. His Title to the Crown annull'd 383. King at Dunkirk 396. In readiness with Forces from Flanders 403. His designe discovered by Manning 367. Privately at Sir George Booth's rising about St. Mâ—â—â—'s in Britany 426. At St. Jean de Luz ibid. And at Paris Complemented upon the Change by that Court 436. At Brussels thence to Breda 445. Sends his Letters and Declarations ibid. At the Hague 447. Proclaimed ibid. Departs for England 449. Complemented with an Elegant Speech ibid. Embarques and Lands at Dover 450. To Canterbury Rochester Dertford 451. Manner of his entrance into and passage through London ibid. Proclaimed in Ireland by the Convention Crowned 454. His answer to the Earl of Manchester's Speech 453. Passeth many Acts 454. His passage through London to his Coronation 475. Married to the Infanta of Portugal at Portsmouth 506. His Declaration concerning the Act of Vniformity 514. Kings Progress 539. At Oxford ibid. Declares War against France 544. Lays the first Stone at the Exchange 565. Makes peace with Spain 578. Takes a Progress 581. Invites the Dutch into England 585. Makes peace with the Dutch 595. Mediates a peace between France and Spain composeth the difference between the King of France and States of Genoua 600 Kingly power voted useless 226 Kirle a Lieutenant-Colonel betrayeth Monmouth to Massey 64 Knights of the Bath 481 Kniveton Daniel the Kings Messenger-Executed 256 L Lambert Major-General passeth into Fife defeats Sir John Brown there 293 Lambert made General against Sir Geo. Booth his success 425. His reward of a Iewel 427. His policy and use of his Victory ibid. His Cabal with the Officers of his Army against the Rump ibid. Offered Terms from the King by the Lord Hopton 431. Marcheth against General Monke ibid. Would Engage 434. Deserted by his men ibid. Turned off and discarded escapes from the Tower defeated taken by Ingoldsby 441. Ordered to Trial 505. Sentenced 510 Lambs a brave white-coated Regiment of the Marquiss of Newcastle overthrown and destroyed 61 Langdale Lord joyns with Hamilton 1â—7 Lane Lord-Keeper dieth at Jersey 270 Laud Lord Arch-Bishop of Canterbury a zealous Protestant traduced c. 12. And intended to be murthered 12 13. Impeached 17. And voted guilty of High Treason committed to the Tower ibid. Convened before the Lords and after a brave defence Sentenced 69 70. As bravely suffered Beheaded ibid. Col. Laughorn Poyer and Powel rise in Wales 171 Laughorn vide Poyer c. Laws poted to be maintained and preserved by the new States turned into English 287 to be new moulded into another Body 351. Lawson Sir John sent to the Streights 526. Proclaims War with the Algiers ibid. Called home 528 De Lede Spanish Embassador hither 373. Governour of Dunkirk slain there 406 Leeds taken by Fairfax 42 Leicester Earl made Deputy of Ireland 20 Leicester taken â—6 Retaken 80 81. Lenthal Mr. John 469 Lesly Scotch General 13. Defeated at Marston-moor 59. Baulked at Hereford 87. Taken and sent Prisoner to Chester 302 Letters sent from the King to the Rump 441 Levellers first 131 Levens Dr. Executed 269 Liberty of Conscience Enacted in England 275 Libberton Lord to the King at Jersey 233. Slain at Dunbar 273 Ligne Prince 455 Lilburn John whipt at Carts Tail for seditious Books 2 Lilburn and Levelling party secured 232. Their History and Actions at Burford 234 Their new Commotions 255. Defeated and their Ring-leaders shot 234 Lilburn Col. Chief Commander in Scotland he defeats the Royalists 355 Lilly's Prognostications 310 Lines and Bulwarks about London alarm'd by the King's march 39 Lindsey Earl General for the King 38. His Son 47 Limerick Siege 304. Surrendered 305 Lisle killed 534 Litchfield besieged and taken 42. Retaken by Prince Rupert 44 Litchfield Earl 424 Littleton Lord Keeper 45 Little or foolish Parliament sit down 349. Their Character and Names 350. Their strange Consultations and Actions 351. Dissolved 353 Lockyer shot to death 233 Lockhart the Rump Embassador at St. Jean de Luz 426 Loans and subscriptions against Scotch War by the Earl Strafford c. all the Nobility and Gentry 11 London proffers their ready service to secure the two Houses their Levies forbidden by the Kings Letters 27. A Plot to surprize it for the King Mr. Waller hardly escaped 47. Engage against the Army and Petition the Parliament 137. Too rashly 138. Tumult the Parliament ibid. Submit to the Army their Lines and Works dismantled Army through it in Triumph 141 Bishop of London attended the King at his death 220 London-Derry relieved by the joynt forces of O Neal and General Monke the ill consequences thereof 239 Longford house surrendred 92 Loudon Lord abuseth the King 120 Lorn Lord pardoned 509 Lords House comply with votes of Non-addresses awed by the Army 165 Lords of the Privy-Council 488 Loathbury sad fire 513 Loughborough Lord 81 97. Escapes 227. Arrives at the Hague ibid. Love Minister Sentenced and Executed 240 Lucas Sir Charles and Sir George Lisle shot to death 179 Lucas Sir Charles and Sir George Lisle reinterred at Colchester 500 Lunsford Lieutenant of the Tower 25 Luzancy assaulted by St. Germain 602 M Macquire and MacMahon seized in Dublin sent Prisoners to the Tower 22. Executed 71 Mace a new one made 235 Maestricht blockt up 584. Surrendered 596 Major-Generals established 378. Their power and awe of Elections c. 382 Mallet Iudge resignes 522 Man Isle reduced 306 Manchester Earl at Marston 58. At Dennington-castle 63. Disbanded 72. His Speech 452. Made Lord-Chamberlain 455. Dies 580 Mannings Treason 365. Shot 368 Mardike taken 396. Attempted by the Spaniard ibid. Marlborough 42. Burnt 343 Mary Princess Married to the Prince of Aurange 18 Marriage Act 351 Marston the Leveller hanged 257 Marsin General 403 Marshals Court in Southwark abolished 291 Maynard Serjeant to the Tower c. 374 Massey Col. 42. Disbanded 112. Heads the Citizens against the Army 139. Impeached 132. Flies into Holland 143. Escapes from the Tower 303. Escapes from St. James's 227 Arrives at the Hague ibid. Worsted and wounded at Upton-bridge 296. Taken 303. Taken and Escaped 424. Mazarine Cardinal joys the Queen-Mother with Cromwel's death 410 Maurice Prince drowned in the West-Indies 337 Members the five the grand cavil of the Rebellion 25. Five Members charged 26 Eleven Members impeached by the Army 132. Fugitive Members sit in Council with the Army 140. Reseated by them 141. Void and null all that was done in their absence 142
Stapleton The Parliaments Declaration wherein they make the King the Author of the War Their Votes of Non-address to the King 16 Janua 1647. None to apply themselves to him without leave from bâ—th Houses Whosoever doth to â—â—â—r the penalties of High Treason That they will receive no more Messages from the K. and enjoyn all persons not to bring any frâ—m him They publish another Remonstâ—â—nce 〈◊〉 Arthur Haslerig 's Brother subâ—ras one Smallinâ— to vilifie the K. Col. Hamond tuâ—â—s away his Majesties Servants The King a clâ—se Prisoner Captain Burleigh beaâ—s â— Drum in the Island for the King He is supprest and seized by Col. Hamond Major Rolf accused for designing the Kings death Seized in Bishops-gate-street Capt. Burleigh Executed at Winchester Feb. 10. Rolf quitted by Ignoramus by the same Iury. Rainsborough commanded by the Parliament to guard the Island The Army declare for the Parliament Many gallant persons put to death in Scotland Col. Nathaniel Gordon and another oâ— his â—ame executed at St. Johnstons Sir Robert Spotswood executed Mr. Andrew Guthery and Mr. William Murray executed Lord Ogleby â—â—ap s. Ferdinando Lord Fairfax â—â—th of a Gangrene Maâ—q of Ormond 〈◊〉 Dublin to Col. Jones The Marquess attends the King Goes into France thence into Ireland Col. Jones routed Col. Jones kills 5470 Irish nâ—er Trim. Preston hardly escapes and joyns with O Neal. The Lord Inchiqueen defeates the Lord Taaf Declares for the King and joynâ—th with the said Lord. The English Faction Treat with O Neal. The Lord Inchiqueens Commission taken from him The House of Lords scruple the Vâ—tâ— of Noâ—-Addresses they at last pasâ— it and are 〈◊〉 by the 〈◊〉 The Independents Propose to unite all Interests in the Houses City and Army Cromwel makes a speech to that pâ—râ—â—â—â—â—e is confronted Glover sent to the City and rejected Cromwel troubled thereat The Scots Commissioners signifie their desires and depart home The Committee at Derby-house gâ—ows powerful The Parliament sent Commissioners into Scotland The Scots set forth an angry Declaration That and their Covenant is slighted The Scots mad 〈◊〉 an Expedition His Majesties elegant Declaration in Answer to the Votes of no further Addresses The Parliaments Visitation of the University of Oxford â—â—d tâ—ning out oâ— the Loyal aâ—d Learned Schâ—lars The Earl oâ— Pembroke made by them Chancellour of the University Alderman Warner Lord Mayor of London a factious person A Tumuâ—t and Insurrection is London by the Boys and Prentices Apr. 9. Sir Thomas Fairfax with part of the Army enters quells it and disperseth them Kensey and Matthews the one a Vintner the other a Meal-man condemned but reprieved by the mediation of Alderman Tichborn and afterwards pardoned Col. Laughorn Poyer and Powel rise for the King in Wales thâ—y secure Pembroke and Tenby Castles Chopstow Castle 〈…〉 â—â—cholas Kemish and Siâ— John Owen 〈…〉 for the King in North-Wales Col. Hâ—rton sent to 〈◊〉 them Col. Fleming Commands a party against the Royalists he is set upon and routed lays violent hands on himself and dieth St. Fagons fight May 8. Col. Horton defeats Laughorn Cromwel sends Col. Eure to attempt Sir Nich. Kemish Chepstow Castle retaken May 25. Sir Nich. Kemish killed in cold blood Sir Jo Owen ' s Forces suppressed by M. Gen. Mitton and himself taken Cromwel joyns with Horton Tenby stormed and yieldeth Pembroke besieged by Oliver Cromwel Hugh Peters encourageth his Souldiers in his Sermon Pembroke stormed to the besiegers loss But at length delivered Essex Surry and London Petition for Peace The Guards of the Army fall upon them and disperse theâ— some are killed The Kentish Insurrection May 24. They Rendezvouze neer Rochester Lord Goring Earl of Norwich their General The Army yield the Militia again to the City and cajole them Col. Culpeper endeavours to perswade the City to Declare for the King they refuse Skippon madâ— Major-General of London Maidstone fight June 2. The Royalists Roâ—ted Earl of Norwich and Kentish Forces at Black beath wooes the City for passage denied Fâ—rries into Essex June 3. The Essex Forces joyn with him at Bow Sir Charles Lucas their General They seize the Earl of Warwick's Arms and march to Colchester Lord Capel assists them with a party of Horse Sir George Lisle Major-General of the Essex Forces for the King Colchester Siege The Lord Lucas Sir Charles his Brother his House ruined The condition of the besieged They eat horse-flesh The Fleet comes in and render themselves to the Prince July 27. Their Commander Col. Rainsborough set on Shore Vice-Admiral afterwards Sir Will. Batten brings more Ships to the Prince The Prince in Yarmouth Road with the Duke of York Pr. Rupert E. of Brainford Lord Hopton Lord Wilmot Lord Willoughby c. The Prince takes a Hamborough ship Lord Rich Earl of Warwick Admiral for the Parliament ordered to set forth a Fleet. Earl of Warwick at Quinborough the Prince summons him He refuseth Prince Charles with the Fleet at Goree in Holland Pr. Rupert made Admiral Earl of Holland appears in Arms at Kingston July 7. accompanied by the D. of Buckingham the Lord Francis Villiers the young E. of Peterborough the Ld. Petre c. Tâ—â—y are attaqued by Sir Michael Livesy 's Forces and other Parliamentariaâ—s Lord Francis Villiers slain Earl of Holland flies into Huntington shire and is taken by Col. Scroop Col. Dalbier slain Duke of Buckingham and E. of Peterborough escape beyond Sea Earl of Holland sent to Warwick Castle Scotch Army enters England unâ—er command of Duke Hamilton Colonel afterwards Earl of Middleton Major-Gen E. of Calendar Lieâ—t Gen. Sir Marmaduke afterwards Lord Langdale and Sir Philip Musgrave joyn Forces with them Col. Wogan revolts from the Parliament Col. Stuart 's saying on the Stool of Repentance Major-General Lambert opposeth Sir Marmaduke Langdale but forced to retreat Cromwel joyns with Lambert Preston Fight August 17. The Scots defeated Major-General Middleton taken Duke Hamilton flies Is taken by the Lord Gray of Grooby Monro coming to assist Hamilton but returns Cromwel marches into Scotland He is feasted by Argyle His policie in diâ—aâ—minâ— and disbanding the Scots Forces Sir Matthew Boynton Governor of Scarbrough for the King Major Lilburn seizeth Tinmouth Castle for the King It is resurprized for the Parliament The Castle stormed Lilburn and the Souldiers put to the Sword Colchester surrendred August 28. on hard terms Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle shot to death Aug. 28. Sir Bernard Gascoyn sentenced to be shot to death but reprieved The Londoners continue Neuters A Personal Treaty voted Jun. 30. Resolves That a Personal Treaty with the King be held at the Islâ— of Wight That a Committee be sent to his Majesty to acquaint him therewithal Earl of Middlesex Sir Io. Hippeâ—ley and John Bulkley Esq. delegated â—â— the Parliament to attend on the King His Majesties Answer to the two Houses of Parliament The King chearfully embraceth the overtâ—â—es of Peace Demands of the Parliament to recal those Votes and Orders
King â—â—tertains Forces in Flanders Cromwel assists the French with 6000 Geâ— Blake desperate attempt on the Spaniard Sancta Cruz fight Apr. 20. The Spanish Fleet fired The English in danger but delivered by a Miracle The Parâ— appoint a Thanksgiving and present their General Blake with 500 l. Capt. Stainer Knighted The Lord Craven 's Case offered to the Parl. but deferred by the Protector Cromwel Signes Acts. His Speech The Humble Petition and Advice Cromwel's Speech at his acceptance thereof His Investiture The Protector installed c. The Speaker's Comment on the Ceremonies thereof A Book called Killing no Murther published now A terrible Blow of Gunpowder neer Wapping An Earthquake in Cheshire Several Murthers and other accidents c. Bernards that betrayed Col. Andrews Hanged for Robbery St. Venant taken by the United Forces Mardike taken Sep. 23. and put into English hands Mardike Stormed by night Octo. 22. Col. Reynolds c. cast away on the Goodwyn-sands Sir Philip Medows the Protector 's Envoy to Denmark Colonel Jephson to Sweden Cromwel Swears his Privy Council The Earl of Mulgrave made onâ— Rich. Cromwel another Lord of the Council and Chancellor of Oxford Cromwel 's advancement of his Sons His Daughter Mary Married to the Lord Faulconbridge His Daughter Francis Married to the E. of Warwick 's Grand-son A new East-India Company constituted Mr. Downing Cromwel 's Envoy into Holland The solemnizations of Christmass forbidden c. Dr. Gunning 's Congregation seized and Plundered The Other House as instructed fawn upon the lower The Names of Cromwel 's Other Houses The Names of the Iudges of both Benches with the Barons of the Exchequer and Serjeants at Law A Humiliation day appointed The Parliament dissolved Cavalier-Plot discovered and Marq. of Ormond hardly escapes Sheriffs discharged of expence at Assizes Blake dies returning home His Character Cromwel 's Fears and perplexed condition Royalists ordered to depart from London A Plot discovered and the persons engaged in it secured The King in readiness with Forces under General Marsin Sir Henry Slingsby decoyed The City Alarm'd with a pretended Plot May 16. A High Court of Iustice. The Tryal of Sir Henry Slingsby and Dr. John Hewit Mr. John Mordant tryed and acquitted Sir Henry Slingsby and Dr. Hewit Beheaded on Tower-hill June 8. Ashton Bettely and Stacy hanged c. Earl of Warwick dieth The Lady Claypole dieth Earl of Mulgrave dieth A great â—â—hale at Greenwich Sir Tho Widdrington made Lord Chief-Baron Dunkirk Besieged by English and French Forces Don John of Austria designes to relieve Dunkirk Dunkirk Battle The Spanish Army routed The Duke of York 's Conduct and Valour in this service The Governour Marquess De Lede killed Thâ— Dunkirkers treat June 22. And â—urrendered upoâ— Articles The English possess Dunkirk Cromwel dies Sep. 3. Cromwel senseless before his death His Character Richard 's Adviâ—â— and Coâ—â—sellors Richard Proclaimed 〈◊〉 Sworn French Cardinal â—oys the Queen-Mother with Cromwel 's death Addresses to Richard full of Blasphemous expressions of Oliver 60000 l. allotted for the Expence Cromwel 's Funeral Independent Synod at the Savoy Richard out-runs his guards and endangered at hawking Richard 's Parliament meet Jan. 27. An Expedient in Recognizing Richard and the other House not Excluding the ancient Peers The notable proceedings of the Parliament The Revenue and charges of the Kingdom The Army and Protector jar Gâ—â— Montague with a Fleet to the Sound Mar. 30. The Armies Remonstrance to Richard The Speaker Mr. Chaloner Chute dieth Richard offered terms by the Danish Embassador The wretched suspence of Richard Resolves of Parliament against Meeting of the Army-Officers Richard thrown aside and in dangerâ— of Arrests and dares not appear The Names of the Rump-Parliament-Members Rumps Declaration Secluded Members offer to sit with the Rump The Rump Exclude the former secluded Members Qualifications of the 9 of May A Council of State chosen The Term discontinued Note Richard was to have 20000 l. in all per annum and his Mother 8000 l. more Benches supplied Armies Address The derivation of Rump Addresses from Forrain Princes Henry Cromwel ordered to surrender the Government of Ireland An Act of Indemnity published A Skirmish at Enfield chace Royalists Priests and Iesuits banished A new Cavalier-Plot generally laid and discovered by indiscretion and Treachery c. Tunbridg and Red-hill Risings suppressed Massey likewise in Gloucester-shire Sir George Booth 's rising in Cheshire Aug. Lambert senâ— to reduce Sir Geo Booth Several Noblemen Prisonerâ— Sir George Booth defeated Aug. 19 Sir George Booth taken at Newport-pagnel The King about St. Malos and Coast of Britany At St. Jean de Luz The Rumps Plenipotentaries into the Sound The Act for Lilburn 's Banishment repealed James Naylor released The General 's policy in securing the Scotch Nobility Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper questioned by the Rump Chester Corporation and Charter taken away Army-Representation debated Published by Lambert before answered Rump Resolute and void the Commissions of Lambert c. The Speaker stopt and a Fray expected Lambert prevailed against the Rump Army new moduled City invite Parl. and Army to a Dinner on thanks-giving day Oct. 6. The Committee of Safety The Army Declaration upon this change Bradshaw the President dieth Novemb. Aturney Gen-Prideaux dieth G. Monke declares his unsatisfiedness with the Army proceedings the the manner how Oct. 18. Secures Anabaptist Officers The Gen. sends Letters And maintains correspondence c Lambert offered Terms from the King by the Lord Hatton Anabaptist like Presbytery hath its turn Sir William Wild chose Recorder of London Doctor Clargis sent to the Gen. in Scotland Novemb. Moncks Commiâ—sioners agree to no purpose Novemb General Monke calls a Scotch Convention and obtains his demands The Earl of Glencarn Chair-man to that Convention Portsmouth seized by Hazelrig December 4. Tumults in London about a Free-Parliament Decemb. throughout Hewson Marcheth with Terrour into London Lambert would Fight A Free-Parliament noised as the only expedient Major General Brown in a new Design Wallingford-House broke up and Army submit Lord Fairfax Arms against Lambert Lambert deserted The Rump reseated Dec. 26. The City sent their Sword-bearer to the Gen. Hazelrig thanked c. General Monk signifies his intentions of coming to London Robinson and Scot sent to meet him The King returns in State and with great Reception to Brussels Abjuration of the King intended by the Rump Lady Monck arâ—ives at White-hall The brief relation of the turn and chaâ—ge by Gen. Monck in iâ—s series and compendious view Gen. Monck at London Gates and Portcullices pulled down Feb. 9. The General rendezvoused in Finsbury-fields and declares for a free Parliament and City Feb. 9. Bonfires and Rumps roasted that night Secluded Members restored Feb. 21. Sir Charles Coot wonderfully reduceth Ireland Rich his Regiment mutiny The City Feast the General Made Gen. at Sea with Montague Presbytery tendring an Establishment The Engagement annulled Writs for a Free-Parliament The Long-Parliament Dissolved Marc. 23. Agitating forbid
Address 〈◊〉 suppressing 〈◊〉 Insolencies Declaration of War against Denmark City Building begins Prodigious Storms in Lincoln-shire Prodigious Storm in Lincoln-shire A day of Thanksgiving for the ceasing of the Plague Ryot at Dumfreeze in Scotland The Lord Willoughby sets forth a Fleet from the Barbadoes A Hurricane His Lordship lost Scotch Convention meets At Surinam better success The French King affronted by the Turk An Embassador sent for reparation He is reviled Beaten and â—â—prisoned Swedes offer a Mediation Accepted Breda the Place of Treaty A Valiant Act of Capt. Dawes The English Embassadors enter Breda The Dutch Attempts upon the Coast. Burnt-Island attempted And Sheerness They seize the Royal Charles Royal Oak burnt Two Dutch Men of War burnt Commissioner Pett committed The Dutch come up into the River of Thames Dutch land neer Harwich Encounter'd by the Train'd-Bands They come up to Hull Haven are encounter'd by several ships that lay there Dutch attempt to land neer Wenbury in Devonshire Neer Cawland in Cornwal Sir Jonathan Trelawney Major Sparks and Mr. Windham sent aboard the Dutch Admiral Their Entertainment A Present sent De Ruyter Foy Harbour Attempted Plenipotentiaries meet and Tâ—eat at Breda Peace Concluded Commissioners to take an Account of Publick Money The Office of Lord High Treasurer in the Hand of Commissioners Parliament met Parl. Adjourn'd Commissioners appointed to hear the complaints of Seamen Mr. Cowley 's death Dutch beaten by Sir John Harmon in the West-Indies Three Dutch Men of War and a Prize taken Proclamation against Papists Woodmongers Charter demanded His Majesty lays the first Stone of the Royal Exchange The Duke of York the second Earl of Sandwich sent to Portugal January 22. February Proclamation to hinder the roving of private Men of War February Count de Dona the Swedish Embassador dies in England Maritime League concluded with the Dutch by Sir Wil. Temple Charles the second launched March 3. 1666 7. Proclamation against Papists Prentices make a Tumult May 1668. His Majesty goes to the House signes several Bills and adjourns the Parliament Lord Vaughan Chief-Iustice Iune 1668. Bridge Town burnt August 1668. Sir William Godolphin Knighted and made Resident-Embassador in Spain Sept. 1668. Duke of Munmoâ—th made Captain of the Horse-Guards Venetian Embassador has Audience Sir John Trevor made Secretary Dr. Wilkins Bishop of Chester Sir Thomas Allen made Peace with Argier Decem. 1668. Parliament Prorogu'd Ian. 166â— Dutchess of York brought to bed of a Daughter Sir Edward Sprague sent into Flanders The Duke of Tuscany arrives in England The Prince of Portugal made Râ—gâ—nt Earl of Carlisle sent into Sweden King of Sweden presented with the Garter Earl of Winchelsey returns Theater at Oxford fâ—nished Meetings suppressed Dr. Fell Vice-Chancellor of Oxford Queen-Mother of England dies The Moors attempt Tangier but beaten off Lord Roberts Lord-Deputy of Ireland Royal Exchange fâ—â—ish'd Pâ—â—â— Assembles Parl. attended the King in the Banqueting-House Parl. Prorogu'd till February Parl. in Scotland Sir Thomas Allen before Argier Mr. Henry Howard sent Embassador to Taffalette Duke of Albemarle dies His Dutchess dies Jan. 1669. Parliament meet The King signes several Acts and adjourns the House Dutchess of Orleans arrives in England Dies July 1670. Parliament in Scotland Act for the Treaty of Union passed there Argier men of War destroy'd Cap. Peirce shot to Death Parl. meet Peace between Spain and England ratifi'd Prince of Orange comes into England Sir Thomas Allen returns from the Streights Sir Edward Sprague Commands in his room D. of Ormond violently assaulted in the Night The King passes some Acts. Popish Priests Banish'd The Dutchess of York dyes Parl. Prorogu'd And an Address about English Manufactures Earl of Manchester dies The Crown attempted King of Sweden and Duke of Saxony by Proxies Install'd Knights of the Garter Sir Edward Sprague meets the Argerines and destroys them The King takes a Progress The Moors attack Tangier and are beaten off Parl. Prorogu'd Embassadors sent abroad Ian. 1671 2. Stop upon the Exchequer Sir George Downing presses for answer to the King's demands Sir George Downing committed Nonconformists indulg'd Sir Robert Holmes attacks the Dutch Fleet neer the Isle of Wight War declar'd against the Dutch Mar. 1661 2. War proclaim'd against Holland Sir Edward Sprague comes home The French King continues and increases Impositions on Dutch Goods notwithstanding their threats French Warlike preparations breeds jealousies Cologne fortifies The Dutch fortifie Maestricht Newburg fortifies Dusseldorp and Montery raises men in Flanders Brunswick Besieged They surrender The Escurial burnt The Dutch endeavour to get Assistants The Prince of Orange made their Captain-General The Emperor offers to Mediate Dutch Embassador slighted at Paris Convoys taken care of for the Merchants Several Lords call'd to the Privy Council King of France begins his March Turrenne blocks up Maestricht Fight between the English and Dutch Several Townes taken from the Hollanders Hollanders confus'd at the success of the French The King of Englands Declaration inviting the Dutch Subjects into England Dutch more and more distressed The People Mutiny Prince of Orange declar'd Stadtholder The Condition of the Dutch The Duke of Buckingham and the Earl of Arlington sent into Holland Duke of Buckingham and Earl of Arlington return English misâ— the Dutch East-Indie Fleet. Earl of Essex Lord-Deputy of Ireland The fall of De Wit and Van Putten The Confederates divert the French Magistrates chang'd in Holland Parl. adjourn'd The Duke of York returns from the Fleet and Action ceases Turenne 's Declaration Sir Edward Sprague spoyles the Dutch Fishing Prince of Orange succeeds ill Earl of Shaftsbury Lord-Chancellor Lord Clifford Lord-Treasurer Stop upon the Exchequer continued Duke of Richmond dies Parl. meet Sir Job Charleton made Speaker 18 Moneths Assessment given to the King The Parl. make an Address to to the King Parl. Adjourn'd James Piercy pretends to the Earldom of Northumberland The Island Tabago taken by the English Dutch at Sea May 26. May 28. June 4. July 17. July 20. August 10. Peace with the Dutch Proclamation against Papists April The Lord Lockhart Mediates a Peace between France and Spain Proclamation against scandalous News Sir Lyonel Jenkins and Sir Joseph Williamson return to London Duke of Monmouth chose Chancellor of Cambridge Earl of Arlington Lord-Chamberlain Sir Joseph Williamson Principal Secretary Earls of Ossory and Arlington â—ent into Holland A Marine Treaty between the King and the Uâ—ited Provinces Dr. Crew made Bishop of Durham Dr. Compton Bishop of Oxford The Dutchess brought to bed of a Daughter Sir Francis North Lord Chief-Iustice of the Common-Pleas Parl. meets Prince of Newburgh arrives in England Barbadoes Conspiracy Indians Rebel in New-England Northampton fâ—red River by Salisbury began to be made Navigable Parl. meets Proclamation against St. Germain the Iâ—suite Hurricane at Bardoes Jamaica fâ—ourishes
they might not seem what they were most sure of from the people to be wanting to themselves in this perplext and unconsulted occurrence The King departed from Sterling the last of Iuly and came into England by the way of Carlisle and upon His first footing there was Proclaimed rightful King of Great Britain and did thereupon publish his Declaration wherein He offered His free Grace and Pardon to be confirmed by an Act thereafter to all His Subjects of England of whatever Nature or Crime their Offences were excepting Cromwel Bradshaw and Cook the more immediate Murtherers of His Father and therewith prosecuted His march being Proclaimed in the same manner through all the Towns He passed The English that accompanied Him of Note were the Duke of Buckingham Earl of Cleaveland Lord Wentworth Lord Wilmot Colonel Wogan I finde him in all Services Colonel Matthew Bointon Major-General Massey and Colonel Graves Titus and Major Ashurst The King marched directly North-west to Lancashire whither Harrison with some of Lamberts men had got before Him intending to stop His further passage at Warrington to which service they had obliged and animated the new-raised Cheshire-Foot amounting to neer 3000 but both they and Harrison received a notable defeat at that place by the conduct of Colonel Massey who set them a forerunning with a greater speed than they had made hitherto to overtake the King to whom in this County came the Earl of Derby who landed at Wye-water from the Isle of Man though not with the same instantaneous or indeed any success which his great Ancestor the noble Stanly brought to His Majesties Royal Progenitor King Henry the seventh upon his like dispute for the regaining of the Crown With the Earl of Derby the King left some Forces of English under his Major-General Sir Thomas Tildesly to strengthen what Forces he brought with him and to countenance those Levies he was to make in that County where he was very well beloved both for his own and his Ancestors worth and most liberal Hospitality Massey was left here behind but presently recalled From Warrington the King passed with quick marches through part of Cheshire to Newport in Shropshire whence He sent His Invitations and Summons to Colonel Mackworth Governour of Shrewsbury and Sir Thomas Middleton Mackworth confidently refused directing his answer to the Commander in chief of the Scotch Forces not owning the King for so much as their Soveraign On the 22 of August the Van of the Kings Army entred Worcester some resistance being attempted to be made by some new-raised Forces under one Colonel Iames and by the influence of Baron Wilde but the Towns-men saved them the labour of driving them out and most joyfully welcomed these weary guests and such too as in 1645. had been extremely oppressive and intolerably burdensome at the Siege of Hereford but their gladness at the Kings presence and hope of his Restitution obliterated all other considerations and remembrances whatsoever The Mayor and his Brethren at the Kings Intrado did him the customary but most chearful Obeysances tendring Him the Keys and the Mace upon their Knees and bidding Him and His Forces welcome to this His Majesties Antient and Loyal City where the same day with great solemnity He was anew Proclaimed and the tired Souldiers most abundantly provided for being in all Scotch and English some 13000 who had marched 300 miles outright in 3 weeks In the mean time the Parliament had amassed a numerous Militia in all the Counties of England and had mustred the London-Regiments in Morefields with a full yet not quarter appearance of such as would fight for them against their Prince as they witnessed by that dumb silence which was obstinately kept upon the Reading of their Proclamation against the King and burning his Declaration at the head of every Regiment who were designed onely for the service and security of the City The Country-Troops in the mean time advanced and glad were the Members that the King stayed for them for nothing was more dreaded than His continued march to London which place would have soon ridded their fears upon an approach of the Kings Army but 30 miles further from Worcester but to prevent that as Essex did before at the beginning of the War whose first efforts took this way Cromwel by long marches through Newcastle Rippon Ferrybrigs Doncaster Mansfield and Coventry had interposed himself and joyned with his Army at Keynton where a General Council of all his Officers was held and a speedy advance to Worcester resolved on Lieutenant-General Fleetwood being dispatcht to bring up his Forces then on their way at Banbury the gross of all the Forces amounting to above 40000 effective Militia and all The King had Summoned in all the Country to his assistance and Rendezvouzed on the 26 of August upon Pitzfodder-Heath neer that City and went on with the Fortifications and rearing the Mount Of the chief of those that came in was the Lord Talbot after Earl of Shrewsbury and Colonel Howard Colonel Sir Edward Broughton and Captain Benbow and some adventurers from London who were forced to pass through the Parliaments Army nor could it be expected any could appear when such powerful Militia's were up every where so that all the new accessional strength the King received was no way considerable save for the Gallantry and Noble Loyalty of such as in these disadvantages owned His Majesties Cause and Fortunes Yet there was a Noble Person and some few of his partakers whom froward unkinde Fate had banded from one ruine to a worse and had added to that number of English at Worcester This was the truly Honourable Earl of Derby that was left behinde in Lancashire to raise that County whose Levies with that Force left him did not amount to above 1200 men though a little more time had rendred him formidable with those he was marching upon a designe to fall upon Cromwel's own Regiment quartering upon their march in Lancaster when in the nick comes Colonel Lilburn with 10 Troops of Horse sent by the General from York upon this very Service having with him two Regiments of the Cheshire-Foot and other additions of Horse The Earl was now in the midst of both these Parties and therefore resolved to fight with Lilburn finding his men couragious and desirous to engage though most Horse and in Lanes and accordingly charged them so furiously that he totally routed their first Troops and made an impression into their Body so far that they began to run while other fresh Reserves coming in they were forced to face about being annoyed with the Musquets yet did they renew the charge again and had they had but another Reserve they had in all probability won the day for it was upon a second Turn when another supply resisted the torrent of their Valour which left undeniable proofs of it self in the death of most of the Commanders of their Wounds in and
after the Battle the names of which were the Lord Widdrington Major-General Sir Thomas Tildesly Colonel Mat. Boyton Sir Francis Gamul Lieutenant-Colonel Gallyard and Major Trollop and Chester the Prisoners were Sir William Throckmorton Colonel Richard Leg Colonel Robinson Bayns Gerard Lieutenant-Colonel Rigby Constable and Major Gower and some 300 Prisoners among whom were some Reformadoes and some 80 slain for the chief slaughter fell on the other side during the fight The Earl of Derby having lost his George and Garter fled with some 30 towards Worcester having by the good providence of God who alone is able to bring Evil out of Good sheltered himself one night in a house called Boscobel which Heaven by this means had prepared for the Kings retreat and preservation By this time Cromwel had surrounded that City with his spreading Host in as neer a compass as the Rivers and Passes would suffer him the Kings Army as yet lying out of the Town a mile in the fields The first Pass endeavoured to be taken was Vpton-Bridge on Fleetwoods side which Major-General Lambert attempted with 500 Horse and Dragoons and after a brisk dispute wrested from Col. Massey who in defence thereof received a wound in his Hand the first mark of his redeemed honour in that member which had been so unhappily active and successful against the King The Scots having thus abandoned the place it was presently possest by a strong party of Horse and Foot in order to the present advance of the rest of the Army The Scots now drawn closer to Worcester made many Salleys breaking down two or three Bridges over the River Team and shewing a well-ordered and governed courage but September the 3 that ominous day being arrived Cromwel resolved to venture the event upon its former auspicia and to that purpose having his Boats in readiness pass'd over his men in the afternoon of that day he drew out from his own Post and having given the signal to the whole Army to fall on began the Fight in this manner Cromwel himself in person about three a clock with his Life-Guard and Colonel Hacker's Regiment of Horse with part of his own Regiment and Colonel Ingoldsby's and Fairfax's entire passed over his Bridge of Boats upon the Severn and marched towards the City after him Lieutenant-General Fleetwood who had been most part of that day marching of five miles from Vpton to Powick-bridge which the Kings Army had broken down passed with Colonel Goff's and Major-General Dean's Regiments and joyntly advanced the Kings Forces encountering them at the Hedges and disputing every field with them in such order and with such gallantry that these already over lest they should not be wholly discouraged with the hotness of the Service were relieved by Reserves and they by others no considerable progress yet made the Highlanders proving excellent fire-men and coming to the But-end at every foot till weary and their Ammunition spent the King being then upon the place Commanded them in some haste into the City and hastened himself to the other side where Colonel Hayn's Regiment with Cobbet's stood about Powick-Bridge and were entertained with no less manhood and slaughter and though Colonel Matthews was the Reserve to the other two Regiments yet did the Scotch Foot fairly drive them from their ground till their little Army being every way engaged and no seconds or supplies to be expected after some wheelings in a careless regard of the Enemy as if they feared not to make which way they pleased they drew likewise into the Town as did that Brigade which opposed the Regiments of the Lord Gray Colonel Blague Gibbons and Marsh. But they stayed not long there but as if their pent spirits had broke out with greater fury they sallied out in great Bodies upon the Generals side who had now brought the Militia-Forces into play the Veterans wisely detrecting to engage first upon the Storm which was then intended but there was yet field-matter enough to do In the head of one of those Squadrons the King himself Charged with that gallantry which would have become our admiration in other men and shewed he had not forgot the Discipline of War in which he had been brought up from his youth In one of those Charges he made Duke Hamilton a better Souldier and noble gallanter person than his Brother received a shot in his Thigh whereof presently after he died The loss that was sustained by the Enemy fell principally upon the Essex-Foot and those of Cheshire and Surrey who returned in thin Troops and Companies to their Counties but fresh and entire Brigades and Regiments in Reserves namely Desborough's Regiment of Horse Cromwel's of Horse Major-General Lambert's of Horse Whaley's Harrison's and Tomlinson's Brigades with other Foot re-inforcing them the Scots by the over-powering multitude were driven into the Town Lesley with 2000 Horse upon what account not known not stirring out of the Town to relieve them when the Enemy entred pell-mell with them and gained the Fort-Royal about seven a clock at night at which time the King left the Town it being dusk and accompanied with some 60 Horse of the chiefest and most confident of his Retinue though many more pressed to bear him Company departed out of St. Martins gate and it was reported that Cobbet very narrowly mist of him as the King left his Lodging whither he first hastned The Enemies Foot was now got into the Town and according to their order fell a Plundering the Town in a most barbarous manner as if Turks were again Sacking of Constantinople and giving no Quarter to any they found in the Streets Through this their greediness of spoil they kept the Horse out lest they should have shared the better part and to that purpose kept the Gates fast as they were and so favoured as God would have it the Kings escape Some Scots who had got into one of the Churches held out till next morning when they obtained Quarter for Life by which time there was not an Inhabitant in Worcester Friend or Foe left Unplundered but the Loyal Inhabitants soon recovered themselves being supplied with fresh Wares to their desires from London without any scruple of credit or payment and their Debts forborn till such time as God should enable them which the Gentry and Inhabitants round about them endeavoured to bring to pass by thâ—iâ— more than ordinary resort to that Market for all necessaries and upon all occasions The Mayor being Knighted by the King and Aldermen were Committed to Prison and the Wife of one Guyes who for betraying the designes of the King in that Garrison was Hanged was rewarded with 200 l. per annum and 200 l. down There were slain in Field and in Town in the last the most and in pursuit some 2000 and some 8000 taken Prisoners in several places most of the English escaping by their Shibboleth the principal were Duke Hamilton who presently died of his wounds