thighs and legs did appertain They had differing passions and diverse wills often chiding others for disorder in their behaviour and actions after much deliberation embracing that unto which they both consented By the Kings direction they were carefully brought up and instructed in Musick and Foreign Languages This Monster lived twenty and eight years and dyed when Iohn Duke of Albany Governed Claud Gruget maketh mention of the like Monster born in Paris before the marriage of Henry the fourth the French King with Margarite of Valois but the birth and death of it were neer together The King by his great Liberality unto Strangers abroad and his laviâ—h spending at home for religious Places were founded Castles repaired Ships builded three of an extraordinary greatness finding himself needy of Treasure to support the dayly expences at Court engaged to many and sunck deep in debt and that Subsidies he could not levy except by the Suffrages of his Parliament by whose power they were imposed and rated setteth the most learned Counsellors at Law and men experienced in foreign Policy to find out new means and waies to acquire and gather him monies by Laws already made and Ordained which was in effect to pole the people by executing the rigour of Justice the Fortunes of wise men arising often on the expences of Fools after the example of King Henry the seventh of England his Father-in law who taking the advantage of the breach of his penal Statues gave power to Sir Richard Empson and Edmond Dudley by Informers and Promoters to oppress and ruin the estates of many of his best Subjects whom King Henry the eight to satisfy his wronged people after his decease caused execute Old customes are by these men pryed into and forgotten absolet Statutes quickned Amongst the titles of possessing of Lands in Scotland there is one which in process of time of an ungodly custom grew strong and is kept for a Law being fetched by imitation from the Lawes of the neighbouring States That if the possessour of Lands dy and leave a Minor to succeed to him his Tutelage belongeth to the King and the profit of the Lands until the Minor be of the age of one and twenty years This is of those lands which are termed Wards The King causeth bring up his Wards but bestoweth no more of their Rents upon them than is useful to such of that age By another Law they have not any thing better than this which they call Recognition that if the evidences of any possessour of Ward-lands be not in all points formal and above exceptions of Law the lands the possessours put from them shall return to the Lord Superiour and like to this That if a Possessour of Ward Lands without the consent of the Superiour sell and put away the half or above the half of his land and Farm the whole land and Farm returneth to the Superiour or Lord Paramount They have lands held with clauses which they call irritant that if two terms of a few duty run unpaid into the third the Land falleth unto the Superiour When those lawes and other like them by reason of the Neighbourin cursions and troubles with England and the civil broyls at home had been long out of use amongst the Subjects and the execution of them as it were in a manner forgot these Projectors and new Tol-masters the king giving way to enrich his Exchequer awakned them Many of the Subjects by these inquirles were obnoxious to the king and smarted but most the most honest who were constrained either to buy their own lands and inheritance from the Exchequer or quit and freely give some portion of them to those Caterpillars of the State The King was so dearly beloved of his people that in the height of those Grievances which reached near the exorbitant avarice of his Father none refused or made difficultie to give all that the laws ordained The King seeing their willingness to perform and knowing their great disability thereunto out of his singular Grace and Goodness remitteth not onely the rigour but even the equity almost of his lawes insomuch that thereafter none of his Subjects were damnified in their persons or estates by his proceedings which gain'd him the hearts of all And to put away all suspitions and jealousies from their minds an Ordinary practice amongst Princes acts that fill Princes coffers ever being the ruin of their first Projectors of any wrong intended He suffered the Promoters and Projectors of this polling with others of the most active to be thrown into Prisons where some miserably ended their daies The year 1507. Iames Prince of Scotland and Isles was born at Holy-rood-House the 21. of Ianuary the Queen in her throwes of birth being brought neer the last agony of death the King overcome with affection and religious vows taketh a Pilgrimage for her recovery on foot to Saint Ninian in Galloway a place in those credulous times famous for the burial of St. Ninian the Apostle of the Britains and notorious by the many Processions and Visits of the neighbour Countreys of Ireland and England at his return he findeth his Queen recovered the child after dyed at Sterlin with the Bishop of Galloway who was appointed to attend him The year following the Queen brought forth another son named Arthur at Holy-rood-House but he died also in the Castle of Edenburgh and Henry the seventh his Grandfather accompanyed him to the other world King Iames to the Coronation of the young King his Brother-in-law sendeth Embassadours After the death of his two Sons and his Father-in-Law as if he had been warned from above to think upon his own mortality whether he had resolute intention so to do or that for reasons known to himself he would have it so appear he giveth out That out of remorse for bearing arms in the Field where his Father was slain he had a resolution to leave his kingdom and visit the holy Sepulchre Then to prepare his way Robert Blacka-Towre Abbot of Dumfermling is directed but the Abbot in his journey is arrested by death and the King findeth other hinderances to keep him at Home Amidst these deliberations his Queen is delivered in the Pallace of Linlithgow of her third Son in the Moneth of April 1512. who succeeded to the Crown and was named Iames. About this same time Bernard Stuart that famous Warrior under Charls the eight of France who commanded the French in Bosworth Field came to Scotland followed by Andrew Forman then Arch-Bishop of Burges and Bishop of Murray with Alexander Stuart the Kings natural son after promoted to be Arch-Bishop of St. Andrews The cause which was given out to the rumours of the people of their comming was That the French King having no male children crav'd the advice and counsel of the King of Scotland his Confederate concerning the marriage of his Eldest Daughter whether he should bestow her upon Francis of Valois the Daulphine and Duke of Augulesm or upon Charles King of
example the Countess of Ross abhorring the fierceness and cruelties as she gave out of her barbarous Husband but rather out of policy to be an Agent for him flyeth to the King and hath Revenues allowed her for the maintenance of her Estate Not long after the Earl of Ross himself the misadventure of his Confederates having taught him now some wisdom having seen the Kings clemency towards others equal to him to Treason and Rebellion by many humble supplications craved pardon and begged peace The King by his great prudence and the course of the affairs of his Kingdom knew that it was necessary sometimes to condiscend to the imperfections and faults of some Subjects and having compassion apply and accomodate himself to that which though according to the strictness of equity was not due yet for the present occasion and reason of State was convenient answered he would neither altogether pardon him nor 〈◊〉 eject him there being many signs of his wickendness few of his changed minde when honestly without fraud or guile he should erave a Pardon and give satisfaction to those whom by blood and pillage he had wronged and by some noble action deface the remembrance of his former crimes then should it be good time to receive him Notwithstanding this should not discourage him but he should know he had a desire to make him relish the effects of his bounty so he himself would finde the means and subject In this interim he wished him to keep the common peace of the Countrey and not oppress any of his Neighbours About this time the University of Glasgow waâ— founded by William Turnbul Bishop of that Sea William Hay Earl of Arole George Creighton Earl of Caithness William Lord Creighton died 1455. and the Bishop of St. Andrews is made Chancellor The King partly having loosed partly cut in pieces that Gordian knot of the League of his Nobility began to reobtain again the ancient Authority of the Kings his Predecessors giving and imposing Laws to his Subjects according to reason and greatest conveniencies Shortly progressing through the Quarters of the kingdom by the sound counsel and instructions of the Bishop of St. Andrews Iames Kennedy and William Saintclare Earl of Orknay used such clemency that in a short time he reclaimed all his turbâ—lent subjects In the year 1455. he held a Parliament where he ratifyed what was resolved upon to be done for the peace and weal of his People establishing many profitable Laws for the posterity after this time Ambassadors came from England and France unto him Henry the sixt King of England a soft facile Prince and more fit to obey then command having restored in blood and allowed the descent of Richard Plantagenet Duke of York the Duke under pretence and countenance of reforming the State and removing of bad Counsellors from the Court the umbrage of all Rebellions by one Iack Cade an Irish a bold man and who had a Spirit which did not correspond with his low condition who fâ—igned himself to be a Cousin of his of the House of Mortimer and other his Instruments raised a Rebellion which began amongst the Kentish men and was after continued by his confederacy with the Duke of Norfolk Earls of Warwick Salisbury Devon and others and notwithstanding he had sworn fealty to King Henry at Blackheath again openly took arms against him at St. Albans where in pitched field Edmond Duke of Somerset his greatest Competitor and who had been preferred to his place in the Regency of France was killed the King wounded taken and committed in the Tower of London At a Parliament after the Duke is made Protector of the kingdom at another Parliament he maketh claim for the Crown as in his own Right laying down thus his Title The Son of Anne Mortimer Daughter and Heir to Roger Mortimer Earl of March Son and Heir of Philip the Daughter and sole Heir of Lionel Duke of Clarence the â—hird Son of King Edward the third and elder Brother to Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster is to be preferred by very good right in Succession of the Crown before the Children of Iohn of Gaunt the fourth Son of the said Edward the third but Richard Plantaginet Duke of York is come of Philip the Daughter and sole Heir of Lionel third Son to King Edward the third then to be preferred to the Children of the fourth Son who was Iohn of Gaunt and so to Henry the fourth the Usurper his Son to Henry stiling himself Henry the fifth his Son and Henry the sixth now wrongfull calling himself King of England This Parliament chosen to the Duke of Yorks own minde at first various at last unanimously enacted that Henry during his life should retain the name and honour of a King but that the Duke of York should be continued Protector of the Countrey and be declared Heir Apparent and Successor of the Crown after the death of Henry Margarite the Queen Daughter to Rheny King of Sicily more couragious then her Husband disclaimeth the Parliamentary Authority and this Agreement of her King with the Duke of York as a matter done to the prejudice of her Son and against the Laws of Nations which admit not a forced Contract and done by a Prisoner The Crown of England hanging at this point the Queen to her defence imploring the aid and assistance of her best greatest Friends and Allies sendeth Embassadors to King Iames. These remembring the duties one King oweth to another against Rebels and the Usurpers of their Crowns the correspondency and amity of King Henry with King Iames during his prosperity expostulating the cruelty of the Rebels against Edmond the late Duke of Somerset Uncle to King Iames slain by them in defence of his Prince promise in their Kings Name Queens and their Sons with the approbation of the Noblemen of their Party to restore to the Kings of Scotland the lands of Northumberland Cumberland and Bishoprick of Durham after the manner the Kings of Scotland in former times had held these Territories of the Kings of England so he would raise an Army and advance to their aid and supply The Duke of York sent hither also his Ambassadors giving in many complaints against King Henry he had oppressed the people with taxations and all kinds of exactations he had preferred to places of State and Government new men by whose Counsel and his Queen he governed only he despised the old Nobility he had lost Normandy and Gascony as France had been lost by him England was likely to run the same danger They could not longer suffer his dull sluggishness and his Wifes exorbitant pride he was courageless in War and base in peace For the Duke of York if Justice did not warrant his claim except his Descent were undisputable and his Title without all exception he would not desire the possession nor succession of the Crown King Iames should remember it was King Henry who entertained the late Dissentions and Civil Discords of Scotland
Marches in Revenge of accumulated injuries with three thousand men invadeth the English Borders burneth some Villages and forrageth the Fields about But having divided his forces and sent a part of them loaden with spoils towards Scotland he falleth in an ambush of the English where Sir William Bulmure with a thousand Archers put him to flight and took his Brother George During these border incursions the Lord Dacres and Doctor West came as in an Embassy from England not so much for establishing a Peace and settling those tumults begun by the meeting of Commissioners who assembled and concluded nothing as to give their Master certain and true Intelligence of the Proceedings of the Scots with the French and what they attempted Monsieur de la Motte was come with Letters from the French to stir King Iames to take arms against the English and had in his voyage drowned three English Ships bringing seven with him as Prizes to the Harbour of Leyth Robert Bartoun in revenge of Andrew Bartouns death at that same time returned with thirteon Vessels all Prizes King Lovys had sent a great ship loaden with Artillery Powder and Wines in whicd Mr. Iames Oguylbuy Abbot of Drybrough arrived with earnest request for the renuing of the antient League between France and Scotland and Letters froom Queen Anne for the invasion of England In which she regretted he had not one Friend nor maintainer of his Honour at the Court of France after the late delay of the sending his Ships except her self and her Ladies that her request was He would for her sake whom he had honoured with the name of his Mistress in his Martial sports in time of peace march but one mile upon the English bounds now in time of an appearing war against her Lord and Countrey The King thinking himself already engaged and interested in his fame drawn away by the promises eloquence and other perswasions of the French assembleth the three Estates of his Kingdom to deliberate about a war with England Many oppose it but in vain for at last for fear of the Kings displeasure it is concluded uncertain whether by a worse Counsel or event But before any hostility against the English they determine and decree that King Henry shall by an Herauld be fairly advertised and desired to desist from any further invasion of the Territories of the French King or Duke of Guilders who was General of the French Army the King of Scotlands Confederates and Kinsemen which not being yielded unto the Warre as lawfull and just shall be denounced Henry the eight then besieging Therovenne answered the Herauld who delivered his Commission That he heard no thing from him but what he had expected from a King a Despiser of Gods and Mans Law for himself he would not give over a War so happily began for any threats Neither did he care much for that Mans friendship of whose unconstancy he had so often had experience nor for the power of his Kingdom and ambitious poverty After this answer of the King of England A Declaration by the King of Scotland was published almost to this sense Though Princes should direct their Actions more to conscience than Fame and are not bound to give an account of them to any but to God alone and when Armies are prepared for Battel they look not so much to what may be said as to what ought to be done th◠〈◊〉 being over thought to have had reason upon their side and the justest cause yet to manifest our sincerity and the uprightness of our proceedings as well to these present times as to posterity who may hereafter enquire after our deportments that all may take a full view of our intentions and courses we have been mov'd to lay down the justness and equity of our Arms before the Tribunal of the World The Laws of Nations and of Nature which are grounded upon the Reason by which Man is distinguished from other Creatures oblige every one to defend â—imself and to seek means for ones own preseration is a thing unblamable bnt the Laws of Soveraignty lay greater Obligations upon us and above all men Monarchs and they to whom God hath given the Governments of States and Kingdomes are not only bound to maintain and defend their own Kingdomes Estates and Persons but to relieve from unjust Oppression so far as is in their power being required their Friends Neighbours and Confederates and not to suffer the weak to be overthrown by the stronger The many Innovations and troubles raised upon all sides about us the wrongs our Subjects have suffered by the insolencies and arrogancy of the Counsellors of Henry King of England our Brother-in-Law are not onely known to our Neighbour but blazed amonst remotest Countreys Roads and Incursions have been made upon our Borders Sundry of our Leiges have been taken and as in a just warr turned Prisoners the Warden of our Marches under Assurance hath been miserably kelled our Merchants at Sea invaded spoiled of their goods liberties lives above others the chief captain of our Ships put to Death and all by the kings own Commission upon which breaches between the two kingdomes disorders and manifest wrongs committed upon our Subjects when by our Embassadours we had divers times required satisfaction and Reparation we received no justice or answer worthy of him or us our Complaints being rejected and we disdainfully contemned that longer to suffer such Insolencies and not by just force to resist unjust violence and by dangers to seek a remedy against greater or more imminent dangers Not to stand to the defence of our Lieges and take upon us their protection were to invite others to offer the like affronts and injuries to us hereafter Besides these Breaches of Duty Outrages Wrongs done unto us his Brother Henry king of England without any just cause or violence offered to him or any of his by the king of France hath levyed a mighty Army against him invaded his Territories using all hostility Continuing to assault and force his Towns make his Subjects Prisoners kill and ransom them impose Subsidies and lift moneys from the quieter sort which wrongs dammage and injustice we cannot but repute done unto us in respect of our earnest intercessions unto him and many requests rejected and that antient League between the two kingdomes of France and Scotland in which these two Nations are obliged respectively and mutually bound to assist others against all Invaders whatsoever that the Enemy of the one shall be the Enemy of the other and the Friends of the one the Friends of the other As all motions tend unto rest the end of a just war being Peace that our Brother who hath no such Enemy as the too great Riches and abundance in which he swimmeth may entertain Peace with his Brother Princes and moderate that boundless ambition which maketh him usurp Dominion over his equals we have been compelled to take us to defensive arms for our Brother hath now declared himself and
Sheriff falling so far short of his expectation that he findeth himself the first subject of his Cousins justice and highly resenting his Kinsmans cruelty whom he knew under pretext of Piety ready to execute his own Revenges resolveth to prevent his mischief He had sometime been familiar with Sir Iames had known his by-paths his secret Plots and ayrie brags had not escaped his observation some alike in kindred to them both were emissaries suborned to mark not onely his actions but words and behaviour by which one way or other he might be intrapt He knew Sir Iames stood in some umbrage with the King and that some suspitions by no Innocency could be taken away When at last he had found his hot-spur Cousin who threatned him with Death and Fire within the circle of his conjurations he directeth his Son to the King who at that time was ready to pass the Forth in his Barge this bashful Messenger giveth advertisement from his Father that the King should make his person sure from his foes at home for Sir Iames Hamiltoun had secret intelligence and Plots with the Earl of Angus and Dowglasses and that he attended onely the occasion when he might surprise him either alone or with a mean retinue and the or openly he would invade him or breaking up his Chamber-doors assâ—ssinate him The King giving attentive ear to a business which concerned him no less than the safety of his Person the accusation being given by a Cousin of the suspect against a family which a little disorder in the State might turn Successors to the Crown directeth the young man to Edenburgh and beyond his private instructions giveth him a Ring well known by the chief Officers to be a taken of power and seâ—recie to assemble so many of the Counsel as were resident Sir Thomas Arseken Secretary Sir Iames Lermound Master of the Houshold William Kirkcaldie Treasurer and others meet fear consult upon the Treason labour how to prevent it come to Sir Iames his Lodgeing make sure his Person in the Castle of Edenbrough and at that same time proceed according to the Kings direction to instruct his Process Sir Iames passionately resenting his imprisonment by his friends imploreth the ayd of the Church-men upon his innocency They apprehending his accusation to be a stratagem of State forg'd by these of the Reformed Religion for the stopping any further progress of the Inquisition already so furiously begun interpose their credit with the King for his Liberty to the discharging of his Commission against Hereticks If the Kiâ—g should hearken to every Informer against a man in State and Office he should never have an end for thus no man is so innocent who may not be detracted and calumniated Sir Iames was known to be a man rash and insolent in words his brains having been a little giddy like one looking from a great height by his advancement in honours and place in Court but sincere in the service of his Prince and loyal If he was arrogant in boldness of termes that was to acquire some more credit with the Commons that he might doe better service to his Prince They who committed Sir Iames Hamiltoun knowing the King facile and easie to be wrought upon by the Clergy some of them too professing or giving way to the reform'd Religion resolve if he should escape free of this accusation that an imminent ruin hung over their persons and estates Necessity and fear combining the distracted powers of their minds they come prostrate before the King beseech him not so much to look to the quality and circumstances of the crime as to the evil inclination of the man who powerful factious and naturally vindicative would never forgive nor forget the danger he was driven unto that His Majesty would consider his pass'd life terrible and cruel against all whome he could over-reach That to give him liberty and relieve him of his imprisonment before the crimes of which he was accus'd were clearly proved or not would be their and the accusers overthrow whom they esteemed loyal Subjects and except upon evident probabilities and never given informations against him That he was a man perfectly hated of the People and a more acceptable sacrifice could not be â—ffer'd unto their fury if he prov'd guilty At their Supplications the King gave the Judges full power to proceed against him and administer justice according to their consciences and the Laws of the Kingdom The pannall being found guilty of such points of the Inditement as was laid against him was condemned to die and thereafter accordingly beheaded his Quarters being set aloft on the Town gates his Lands annex'd to the Crown The Crimes of which he was found guilty as from those who lived near that time have by tradition been received were he had intelligence with the Earl of Angus and Dowglasses whom he laboured to have restored though with the Kings death he had a plot to have broken up the Kings Chamber-doors and killed him divolving the title of the Crown or at least Government of the Kingdom to his kinred Being ditected to have repared a Castle in Bute and to this effect receiving three thousand Crowns in April he went not thither attending some change in the State which was to be accomplished by treason against the Kings person He kept still with him men of disperate minds and fortunes who at his direction durst enterprize any mischief Where he had repaired some of the Kings houses he had placed a Statue resembling himself or which to some he had named his Statue what Mole-hills are turned into Mountains when a Prince will pry into the actions of a disgraced Subject above the Kings arms He had detracted from his Master naming him the king of Clowns and Priests and Scourge of the antient Nobility He had laboured to hinder the Kings marriage at his being in France To these points the people who rejoiced in his ruin added he had slain cruelly the Earl of Lennox at the battell of Lithgow after he was Prisoner to Purdowye he had wayâ—laid Gilbert Earl of Cassiles who was killed by his direction and Counsel This back-blow of Fortune proveth that it is dangerous once highly to offend a Prince and after remain in his service for Princes put old offences up as neglected and when the occasion serveth them surprize long after the Delinquents for some faults of which they are scarce guilty Sundry of the Nobility appall'd at this sudden fall of Sir Iames Hamiltoun for though they loved not the Man they hated the example of such strict Justice left the Court retiring to their own dwelling Houses which made the King suspitious of them and believe they favoured the reformed Religion and preferred the friendship of King Henry his Vncle to his Neither was he herein far Mistaken for some feared not to send him word that they had learned the Church-men had set him on work to extirpate his antient Nobility as if it were an easie matter
nothing agreed upon nor concluded they resolve at last to decide the cause by their swords The Earl of Crawâ—ord then remaining at Dundee advertized of the present danger of his friends posteth in all haste to Arbroth and cometh at the very chock of the skirmish and when they were to enter the fight Here intending by his wisdom to take up the Quarrel and presuming upon the respect due to his place and person he rashly rusheth forwards before his Companies to demand a parly of Alxander Ogleby with his Son but ere he could be known or was heard he is encountred by a common Souldier who thrust him in the mouth with a Spear and prostrate him dead upon the ground This sudden accident joyned the Parties who fought with great courage and resolution The Victory after much blood inclined to the Master of Crawford Alexanderâ—Ogleby sore wounded was taken and brought to the Castle of Finelvin where he died the Lord Huntley escaped by the swiftness of his Horse Iohn Forbess of Pitsligow Alexander Barkley of Garteley Robert Maxwell of Tillen William Gordoun of Borrowfield Sir Iohn Oliphant of Aberdaguy with others fell on the Oglebies side 1445. they fought the 24. of Ianuary 1445. Now by attending opportunities to increase publick disorders turn the times dangerous and troublesome and confound the State the Earl of Dowglass kept himself in the absolute Government by umbragious ways he nourished discontentments in all parts of the Country amongst the Nobility Gentry Commons of the Realm Alexander Earl of Crawford put to death Iohn Lynton of Dundee Robert Boyd of Duchal and Alexander Lyle â—lew Iames Stuart of Auchenmintee Patrick Hepburn of Haills surprised the Castle of Dumbar Archembald Dumbar as if he would but change places with him taketh the Castle of Haills where he was besieged by the Earl of Dowglass and with conditions of safety rendred it Sir William Creighton all this time kept the Castle of Edenburgh and when by intreaties nor power he could not be induced to render it to the King his Castle of Creighton is plundered a garrison placed in it and the Castle of Edinburgh by the Earl of Dowglass is besieged and blocked up Nine moneths the Assailers lie about it but it proveth impregnable and without loss of many Subjects cannot be taken about the end of which time mens courages waxing colder conditions are offered and received which were that the Chancellor should be restored to grace place and whatsoever hâ—d been withheld from him by his enemies at Court an abolition and abrogation of all former discontentments should be granted the besieged should pass out bag and baggage free At a Parliament holden at Perth the Chancellor was purged by an Assise of his Peers of what was laid against him his lands and goods seized upon by the King or Dowglasses are decreed to be restored as well to his followers as himself he is established in his dignities and places of honour notwithstanding of all Edicts Proclamation Confiscation before which were declared null all matters past put in oblivion as not done This considering the credit of the Earl of Dowglass was thought very strange but Iames Kennedie Bishop of St. Andrews whose respect and authority was great with the Church-men perfected this Master-piece of State and the Earl of Dowglass knew though the Chancellor was unbound he had not yet escaped During these Garboyls in Scotland Margaret Sister to King Iames and wife to the Daulphin of France Lewis died at Chalones in Champaigne a vertuous and worthy Lady beloved of all France but most of Charles the seventh her Father in Law who for her respect matched her three Sisters who remained at his Court honourably Hâ—lenora with Sigismond Arch-duke of Austria Elizabeth to the Duke of Bretaigne Mary with the Earl of Camphire She was buried in the great Church of Chalones but after when the Daulphine came to be King he caused transport and bury her in the Abbey Church of Laon in Poittow Many Elegies were published upon her death which are yet extant Sir Iames Stuart the Black Knight husband to the Queen at this time died also He had turned a voluntary exile to shun the dangers and envy of the Factions of the Country which he incurr'd by his free speeches against the misgovernment and miseries of the time and as he was bound â—owards Flanders by the Flemings was taken upon the Seas The Queen out-lived not long her Daughter and Husband â—he was buried the fifteenth of Iuly in the Charter-house of Perth near her first husband Iames the year 1446. She brought forth to the black Knight of Lorn three sons Iohn Eâ—rl of Athole Iames Earl of Buchane Andrew Bishop of Mâ—rray The Chancellor having recovered his honours and State to the disadvantage of the Earl of Dowglass though of good years and tyred with the troubles of publike life yet findeth not any desired rest A Marriage being designed for the King with Mary daughter of the Duke of Guilders by the instructions of Charls the seventh the French Kings but secretly by the procurement of the Earl of Dowglass the Chancellor as a Man grave great in plâ—ce and experimented with the Bishop of Dunkel and Nicholas Otterburn is sent over the Seas in Embassie This troublesom and unprofitable honor abroad is laid upon him that he might be separate from the King and suspended from opposing to the private designs of the Earl at home This obstacle of his ambition removed which had neither moderation nor limits the Earl may excluded such Officers in State or Court who were not agreeable to him and substitute others of his Creation after his pleasure he hath now room and opportunity for his greatest designs His kindred are without pausing preferred to Offices of State his brothers to new honours Archembald is made Earl of Murray by the Marriage of a Lady of the house of Dumbar who was Heir of the Lands and the Kings Ward George is created Earl of Ormond Iohn made Lord of Balvenie and hath his Donation ratified in an Assembly of three Estates who were convented at Edinburgh for matters concerning the Marriage of the King but in effect that the Earl might pursue his old enemies The Commissioners are chosen after his pleasure are prepared and instructed by him prelimitated and to combine power with craft he entreth in an offensive and defensive League with many Noblemen Barons and Gentlemen of the Kingdom All the wheels and vices of his Clock being right set Alexander Levingston late Governor Alexander his eldest son Robert Levingston Treasurer David Levingston Iames Dundes Robert Bruce of Clackmannan Knights for Peculate and converting the Princes Treasure to their private use are forfeited taken and committed to sundry Prisons in December 1447. at which time they were brought to Edinburgh Alexander the Governor Iames Dundas and Robert Bruce after Fines laid upon them were permitted back to Dumbarton there to be kept Prisoners during the Kings pleasure Alexander
about these times a good and vertuous Lady died 1486. and was buried at Cambu-kennel the 29. of February The overthrow and death of Richrd being known abroad King Iâ—mes taking the advantage of the time besieged the Castle of â—umbar The garrison'd Souldiers finding no reliet nor assistance from their Countrey and ascertained of the change of their Master rendered up the Fort to the hands of the Scots it was of no great importance to the English and only served to be a fair bridge of Treason for Scottish Rebels and a Cittadel of Conspiracies Henry King of England after his victory and Coronation sent Richard Fox Bishop of Excester and Sir Richard Edgecomb Embassadours to King Iames for renewing the Truce and if it were possible to agree upon a stable and lasting Peace between the Realms King Iames taking a promise of the secrecy of the Embassâ—dours that what he imparted to them should not be laid open to his Nobility told He earnestly affected a Peace with all his Neighbours but above all others with their King as much for his own valour as for the honour and interests of the two Kingdoms But he knew his people so stubborn and opposite to all his designs that if they understood his mind and resolutions they would endeavour to cross his intentions wherefore publickly he could only condescend to seven years truce a long peace being hardly obtained from men brought up in the free licence of war who disdained to be restrained within the Narrow limits of Laws Notwithstanding they should undertake for him to King Henry in the word of a Prince that this Truce before the exspiring of it should be renewed and with all solemntyes again confirmed The Embassadours respecting his good will towards their King accepted the conditions Thus was there a Truce or Peace convenanted and confirmed for seven years to come between the two Realms After so many back-blows of fortune and such canvassing the King enjoying a Peace with all his Neighbours abroad became exceeding religious the miseries of life drawing the mind to the contemplations of what shall be after it During hisresidence at Edenburgh he was wont to come in Procession from the Abby of Holy-rood-house to the Churches in the High-Town every Wednesday and Fryday By which devotion he became beloved of his People Nothing more winning their hearts than the opinion they have of the Sanctity of a person And that he did not this for the fashion nor hypocrisy the application of his wit and power to the administration of strict justice did prove for he began to suppress the insolencies of strong oppressors defend and maintain the Rights of the poor against Tyrants and abusers of their Neighbors He sitteth himself in Council dayly and disposeth affairs of most weight in his own person In the Moneth of October following the Peace with England 1487. a Parlament was called in which many acts were made against Oppressours Justices were appointed to pass thorough the whole Kingdom and see malefactors deservedly punished Acts were made that no convention of friends should be suffered for the accompanying and defence of criminal Persons But that every one attainted should appear at the most with six Proctors that if found guilty they should not be reft from Justice by strong hand Such of the Nobility who feared and consequently hated him finding how he had acquired the love of his people by his piety in the observance of Religion and his severity in executing Justice were driven unto new meditations They began to suspect he would one day free himself from these turbulent Spirits who could not suffer him to enjoy a Peace nor raign He had advanced at this time to Offices of State and Places men whose Fortunes did wholly depend upon his safety and wel-fare at which some Noblemen whose Ambition was to be in publick charge and of the Counsell pretending to that out of right which was only due unto them by favour did highly storm and look upon those others with envious eyes The King thus falling againe into his old sickness they bethought them how to renew their old remedie They were also jealous of the remembrance of the dis-service they had done him and that he would never forget old quarrells They were prepared and ready to make a Revolution of the state but had not yet found their Center to begin motion nor a ground for Rebellion All this while there was not matter enought for an insurrection nor to dispose the Peoples Hearts to a Mutinie The King delighted with his Buildings of the Castle of Sterlin and the amenity of the Place for he had raised there a faire and spacious Hall and founded a College for divine service which he named the Chappel Royal and beginning to be possest and taken up with the Religion of these times endeavoured to endow this foundation with constant Rents and ample Revenues and make this Rock the choyse Sanctuary of his Devotions The Priory of Coldingham then vacant and fallen in his hands he annexed the same to his Chappel Royal and procured an Act of Parliament that none of the Lieges should attempt to doe contrary to this union and annexation or to make any Impetration thereof at the Court of Rome under the paine of Treason The Priors of this Convent having been many years of the Name of Hume it was by the Gentlemen of that Name surmi'sd that they should be interested and wronged in their Estates by reason of the Tithes and other Casualtyes appertaining to this Benefice if a Prior of any other Sirname were promoted to this Place The King being often petitioned and implored that he should not alter the accustom'd form of the Election of that Prior nor remove it from their Name nor suffer the Revenues to be otherways bestowed than they were wont to be of old and he continuing in his resolution of annexing them to his Chapel after long pawsing and deliberation amongst themselves as men stirred up by the male-contents and a proud faction fit for any the most dangerous entrprise they proceed upon stronger Grounds to over-turn his intentions and divert his purpose The Lord Hailles and others of the Sirname of Hepburn had been their constant friends Allies and Neighbours with them they enter in a combination that they should mutually stand to the defence of others and not suffer any Prior to be received for Coldingham if he were not of one of their two Sirnames This Convâ—nant is first privately by some mean Gentlemen sworn who after draw on their Chiefs to be of the Party Of how small beginnings doth a great mischief ariseâ— the male contended Lords knowing those two Sirnames to be numerous active and powerfull in those parts of the Countrey where they remayn'd lay hold upon this Overture and beginning from their particulars they make the cause to be general They spread Rumours abroad that the King was become terrible and not to be trusted notwithstanding all his Protestations and outward
delivering of Perkin Warbeck he trusted much and had great confidence in his Nobility and governed by love not by fear his people It is no wonder amidst so much worth that some humane frailty and some according discord be found There is no day so bright and fair which one moment or other looketh not pale and remaineth not with some dampish shadow of discoloured Clouds He was somwhat wedded to his own humours opiniative and rash Actions of rashness and timerity even although they may have an happy event being never praise worthy in a Prince He was so infected with that illustrious crime which the Ambitious take for virtue desire of Fame that be preferred it to his own life and the peace of his Subjects He so affected popularity and endeavoured to purchase the love of his people by Largesses Banquetting and other Magnificence diving in debt that by those Subsidies and excâ—ssive exactiâ—ns which of necessity he should have been constrained to have levied and squeized from the people longer life had made him lose all that favor and love he had so painfully purchased that death seemed to have come to him wishedly and in good time The wedding of others Quarrels especially of the French seemeth in him inexcusable a wise Prince should be slow and loath to engage himself in a war although he hath suffered some wrong He should consider that of all humane actions and hazards there is not one of which the precipitation is so dangerous as that of beginning and undertaking a war Neither in humane affairs should there more depths be founded nor hidden passages searched and pryed into than in this He should remember that besides the sad necessity which is inseparable from the most innocent war the wasting and destroying of the goods and lives of much people there is nothing of which the Revolutions and Changes are more inconstant and the conclusions and ends more uncertain The Sea is not more treacherous false and deceiving nor changeth not more swiftly her calms into storms than wars and the fortune of arms do the event and success belying the beginning It is not enough that a Prince know a war which he undertaketh to be just but he should consider also if it be necessary and if it be profitable and conduce to the State which he governeth As men of strong and healthful bodies follow ordinarily delight in their youth he was amourously carryed away He confined the Earl of Anguss in the Isle of Arran for taking Iane Kennedy a Daughter of the Earl of Cassilles out of Galloway a fair and noble Lady of whom he became enamoured as he went in his pilgrimage to St. Ninians In his last expedition the Lady Foord was thought to have hindered the progress of his arms and hasten'd the success of the battel Though virtue be sometimes unfortunate yet is it ever in an high esteem in the memories of men such a desire remained of him in the hearts of his people after his loss that the like was not of any King before him Princes who are out of this life being onely the Delights and Darlings of a people Anne the French Queen not many dayes out-lived the rumour of his death He serves for an example of the frailty of great men on the Theatre of this world and of the inconstancy of all Sub-Lunary things He had children Iames and Arthur who dyed Infants Iames who succeeded him Alexander born after his death who dyed young Alexander a natural son Arch-Bishop of Saint Andrews so much admired and courted by Erasmus Margarite of a Daughter of the Lord Drummonds maried to the Earl of Huntley whose mother had been contracted to the King and taken away to his great regret by those who governed the State that he should not follow the example of King Robert his Predecessour who maryed a Lady of that Family Iames earl of Murray Iams V King of Scotes Ano. 1514 THE HISTORY OF THE LIFE REIGN OF Iames the Fift King of Scotland THe fatal accident nd over throw of the King and Flower of the Nobility of Scotland at Flowden filled the remnant of the State with great sorrow but with greater amazement and perplexity for by this great change they expected no less than the progress and advancement of the Victors Arms and Fortune and feared the conquest seâ—virude and dâ—solation of the whole Kingdom The rigorous season of the year being spent in mourning and performing of last duties to the dead for their lost kinsmen and friends and the gatheing together the floating Ribbs and dispersed plancks of this Ship-wrack the Peers assembled at Sterlin where being applying themselves to set their confuons in order and determine on the Remedies of their present evils the lively pourtraict of their Calamities did represent it self to the full view The head and fairest parts which Majesty Authority Direction Wisdom had made eminâ—nt were cut away some turbulent Church-men Orphan Noblemen and timorous Citizens fill their vacant places and many who needed directions themselves were placed to direct and guide the Helm of State such miseries being alwaies incident to a people where the Father of the Countrey is taken away and the Successor is of under age In this Maze of perplexity to diâ—oblige themselves of their greatest duty and give satisfaction to the most and best the lawful Successour and Heir IAMES the Prince is set on the Throne and Crowned being at that time one year five moneths and ten daies of age and the hundreth and fifth King of Scotland The Last Will and Testament which the late King had left before his expedition being publickly seem and approved the Queen challenges the Protection of the Realm and Tutelage of her Son as disposed unto her so long as she continued a Widdow and followed the Counsel and advise of the Chancellour of the Realm and some other grave Counsellours and she obtained it as well out of a Religion they had to fulfill the will of their deceased Soveraign as to shun and be freed of the imminent arms and imminent danger of her Brother the King of England Being established in the Government and having from all that respect reverence and observance which belong to such a Princess she sent Letters to the King of England that having compassion upon the tears and prayers of a Widdow of his sister of an Orphan of his Nephew he would not only cease from following the Warre upon Scotland then at war with it self and many waies divided but ennobled by courage and goodness be a defence unto her the infant her Son against all injuries to be offered them by Forrainers abroad or any of the factious Nobility who would oppose themselves a gainst her at home To which King Henry answered That with the Peaceable he would entertain Peace and with the froward and turbulent war if the Scots would live in Peace they should have it for his part but if they would rather fight he was not to refuse
Streets out of Windows furnished him he invested a part of the Town and barricadoed some Lanes with Carts and other impediments which the time did afford The adverse party trusting go their number and the supply of the Citizens who calling to mind the slaughter of their Deacon shew them small favour disdaining the Earl should thus muster on the Streets in great fury invade him Whilst the bickering continued and the Town is in a Tumult William Dowglas brother to the Earl of Angus Sir David Hume of Wedderburn George Hume brother to the late Lord with many others by blood and Friendship tyed together enter by violence the East Gate of the Town the Citizens making small resistance force their passage through the throngs seek the Earls enemies find them scoure the streets of them The Master of Montgomery eldest Sonne to the Earl of Eglintoun Sir Patrick Hamiltun Brother to the Earl of Arran with almost fourscour more are left dead upon the place The Earl himself findeth an escape and place of retreat through a Marsh upon the North side of the Town The Chancelour and his retinue took Sanctuary in the Dominican Fryers the tumult by the slaughter of some and flight of others appeased the Earl of Angus now freed of danger licensed all who pleased without further pursuit peaceably to leave the Town of Edenburgh and return to their own Houses Some daies after the Humes well banded and backed with many Nobles and Gentlemen of their linage by the Earl of Angus consent took the Lord Humes and his brothers heads from the place where they had been fixt and with the funeral Rites of those times interr'd them in the Black-Fryers The Earl of Angus having angled the peoples hearts by his Magnificence Wisdom Courage and Liberality his Faction began to bear greatest sway in the Kingdom For the continuance of which the King of England dealt most earnestly with the French King to keep the Duke of Albany still in France with him But the French had contrary designs And when the Duke understood the great discords of the Nobility of Scotland persons of Faction being advanced to places dangerous immunities being granted to the Commons France and England beginning to be tyred of their Peace and preparing for a new war to curb the Scottish Factions keep the Nation in quietness in it self by giving the Subjects other work abroad whilst common danger should break of particular discords Notwithstanding of the English Ships which lay in wait to take him after he had been about five years in France in November he arrived on the west coasts of Scotland at a place named Garloch The Governour comming to Edenburgh set himself to amend the enormities committed in his absence the Magistrates of the Town are deposed because in the late uproar they had been evil seconds to the Lords of the west when they went to surprize the Earl of Angus A Parliament is called to which many Noblemen and Gentlemen are cited to make appearance in February to be tryed and to answer for offences committed by them in the Governours absence The appointed time being come these who appeared not were indicted and â—led into England Amongst which and the chief were the Humes and Cockburns men Authors and accessary to the death of Sir Anthony Darcey The tyde now turning and mens affections changed the Earl of Angus with his brother Sir George Dowglâ—s by the intercession of the Queen are constrained to seek a Pardon which was obtained for them but with the condition that they should leave the Countrey and stay in France one whole year which they obeyed Others have recorded they were surprized in the night and in French Ships conveyed privately away Mr. Gaven Dowglas Bishop of Dunkell in the absence of his Nephew finding the Governour violent in the chase of the Faction of the Dowglasses fled privately to the Court of England where he gave informations to King Henry against him He alone had taken to him the custody of the young King the sequel wâ—ereof he much feared he was an irreconciliable enemy to the whole Family of the Dowglasses The principal cause of his comming to Scotland was to engage the Nation in a War against England that the English Should not assist the Emperour against the French King and make his Nation slaves to France This Bishop shortly after dyed at London and was buryed in the savoy Church having been a man noble valiant learned and an excellent Poet as his works yet extant testifie The King of England upon such informations sent Clarencieux King of Arms to Scotland to require the Duke to avoid the Country according to the Articles agreed upon between the French King and him in their last truce It belonged said Clarencieux to his Master to tender the life wellfare honour fortunes of his Nephew of none of which he could be assured so long as the Duke ruled and stayed in Scotland It was against all reason and unbeseeming the man should be sole Guardian to a King who was the next heir to the Crown how easily might he be tempted by opportunity to commit the like unnatural cruelty which some have done in the like case both in England and other parts of Europe if he loved his Nation and Prince as he gave out he required him to leave the Country which if he yield not unto but obstinately continued in a re resolution to stay he denounced from his Master present war He farther complained Thâ—t the Earl of Anguss who was King Henries Brother-in Law was by him banisht and detained in France That during the banishment of the Earl which had been neer a whole year the Duke had impâ—tuned his Sister the Queen with dishonest love The Governour answered Clarencieux That what the Kings of France and England agreed upon in their Treaties of Peace was to him uncertain but of this he was most certain That neither the King of England nor France had power to banish him a Forainer over whom their authority did not reach his native country like over like having no jurisdiction As concerning the King of Scotland who was yet young in years he reverenced him as his soveraign Lord and would keep and defend both him and his Kingdome according to his Conscience honour and bound duty that there were ever more men in the world who desired to be Kings than there were Kingdomes to be bestowed upon them of which number he was none having ever preferred a mean estate justly enjoyed before a Kingdome evil acquired For the Earl of Angus he had used all Courtesies towards him notwithstanding of his evil demerits not for his own sake he did confess but for the Queens sake whom he honoured and respected as the Mother of his Prince and towards whom he should continue his observance That the King of England needed not misdoubt he would attempt any thing should derogate from the honour of his sister that complements of meer curtesie in France might
Mother but that she should not blush the Painter had limmed her entring a Green Arbour and looking over her shoulder so that there were only seen her back and face Another had drawn her naked her face brâ—stâ— belly to the view exposed her blind child by her but to cover that which delighted Mars so much he made her arm descend to take hold of Cupid who did imbrace her The third had drawn her lying on a Bed with stretched out arms in her hand she presented to a young man who was adoring her and at whom little Love was directing a Dart a fair face which with much ceremony he was receiving but on the other side which should have been the hinder part of that head was the Image of death by which mortality he surpassed the others more than they did him by Art It were to be wished this picture were still before the eyes of dolting Lovers On a Table there was a horse tumbling on his back with his four feet towards the Heaven which was thought to be Sejanus so fatal to his Masters being so proportionable and to the life painted a German offered Gold for him but he accused the Painter that he had not painted him running which the Painter easily amended by turning up of the other side of the Table so small a distance is between the extremities of mortall things So with little pains a countenance laughing is made to weep and one weeping to laugh Whose thoughts are so sad and fixed to the cares of this World which could not have been sequestrated for a time from them and delighted with the aspect of the countenances of the Ladies of the differing Climates of the Globe of this Earth represented unto us as the blazing asteriâ—ms of Heavâ—n The Spanish seeming proud and disdainful but that her eye spoke somewhat else and her pale colour apâ—proaching to ashes did show she harboured languishing perturbations The French looking Courteous and toward but such courtesie and towardness seemed not to entertain base imaginations The English mild and humble with such eyes as Venus used to smile with in the daies of Homer The Venetian Lady appeared the Noblest Lover for the neither thundered dispair nor promised hope yet did she lend her ear to the soul-charming sounds of a Lute The Roman was almost naked from the waste upwards discovering the Sistering Apples of her Brest and what might be without a blush seen which would have rowsed old Nestor The Graecian resembled Our English but that her face was more Round She wore on her head a Garland which made her looks more grave than the Others The Turkish differed little from the Roman only She somewhat appeared more Thais like The Moorish had her eyes black rolling and wanton and her face was as black as her eyes Where who could think it save he who did see it by the comely proportion of her face her shiniâ—g hair enriched with Jewels and her ears beautified with Gemms she was near as pleasant beauty mustering it self in blackness and a comely behaviour as those others of Europe I had almost forgotten the Belgick and these neighbour Countreys in whom the pure natural colours of beauty appeared The first to show the lightness of her sex was all in Feathers the others differed not much from her but was further off from Art and looked more Countrey-like Not far from those was Cassandra her haires so covering her face that Lycophron might well have known her The Sybels by hersighed out their Prophecies To these was joined the Picture of a yonng Ladie whose hair drew neer the colour of Amber but with such a bright lustre that it was above Gold or Amber her eyes were somewhat green her face round where the Roses strove to surpass the Lillies of her Cheecks and such an one she was â—immâ—d as Apelles would have made choise of for the beauty of Greece She was said to be the Astrea of the Marquesse D' Vrâ—ee Many famous battails of the antients were represented some of the later times above all others the Crafts-men had striven to shew to the life the Battel of Le Panto the flying Turks and following Christians Some Galliasses made a sport to the winds others all in flames in the midst of the Seas the divers postures of fighting and perishing Souldiers with the scattered Oars Planks and Ensigns might have made some dream they were amidst these though in quietness and one the Seas whilst they were safe on ground Many Towns were here to be travailed thorough at an easie rate Rome Napler Florence Constantinople Vienne and without passing the Seas London and Venice Here were many double Pictures the first view shew old men and young Misers gathering carefully the second view shew young men and prodigals spending riotously with stultitiam patiuntur opes Churchmen and grave Senatours consulting and seriously deliberating the one face of the Pictue represented the other Fools dancing Souldiers dicing and sighting A Lady weeping over her dead Husband accompanyed with many Mourners the first view the second represented her second Nuptials Nymphs and Gallants revelling naked and going to Bed Now when I had considered all for these Galleries were a little All it ye please casting mine eyes a side I beheld on a fair Table the Pourtraicts of two which drew my thoughts to more seriousness than all the other The first clad in a Sky-coloured Mantle bordered with some red was laughing and held out his finger by way of demonstration in scorn to another in a sable Mantle who held his arms a cross declined his head pittifully and seemed to shed tears The shewed that he was Democritus the other that he was Heraclitus And truely considering all our actions except those which the Service and Adoration of God Almighty they are either to be lamented or laughed at and man is alwaies a Fool except in Misery which is a Whit Stone of Judgement PARIS Febr. 12. To S. W. A. SIR THe promise given by me to a dying friend shall at this time I hope excuse mine importunity He requested me to remember his love to you and that desire he ever had to do you service And though dying so lively expressed this affection that who would set it in Paper had need of his own eloquence This remembrance he left made me to be in this his Executor in delivering this Legacie Some Papers he left also concerning some of your affairs which because death prevented his delivering of them to me I think are â—oosed in the Stuff of his Cabinet Your absence increased greatly that Melancholy which bereft us of him If any thing more pretious had been left to my Trust ye might have been assured it had been delivered to you by your W. DRUMMOND To the truely Noble S. R. K. Gentleman of the Kings Bed Chamber SIR HOw ever fortune turn her Wheel I find you still your self and so ballasted with your own worth that ye may out-dare any Storm This
Gyants modelled for a sport of Snow which at the hoter looks of the Sun melt away and ly drowned in their own moisture such an impetuous vicissitude towseth the estates of this World Is it knowledge But we have not yet attained to a perfect understanding of the smallest Flower and why the Grasse should rather be green than read The Element of Fire is quite put out the Air is but water rarified the Earth moveâ—h and is no more the Center of the Universe is turned into a Magnes Stars are not sixed but swim in the Etherial spaces Comets are mounted above the Planets some assirm there is another world of men and creatures with Cities and Towers in the Moon the Sun is lost for it is but a cleft in the lower heavenâ— through which the light of the highâ—st shines Thus Sciences by the diverse motions of this Globe of the brain of man are become opinions What is all we know compared with what we know not We have not yet agreed about the chief good and felicitye It is perhaps Artificial Cunning how many curiosities be framed by the least Creatures of Nature unto which the industry of the most curious Artizanes doth not again Is it Riches what are they but the casâ—ing out of Friends the Snares of liberty bands to such as have them possâ—ssing rather then possest metals which nature hath hid fore-seeing the great harm they should occasion and the onely opinion of man hath brought in estimation like Thornes which laid on an open hand may be blown away and on a closing and hard gripping wound it Prodigals mispend them wretches miskeep them when we have gathered the greatest abundance we our selves can enjoy no more thereof than so much as belongs to one man what great and rich men do by others the meaner sort do themselves Will some talk of our pleasures it is not though in the fables told out of purpose that pleasure in hast being called up to Heaven did here forget her apparel which Sorrow thereafter â—inding to deceive the world attired her self with And if we would say the truth of most of our joies we must confess that they are but disguised sorrows the drams of thâ—ir Honey are â—owred in pounds of Gâ—ll remorse ever enseweath them nay in some they have no effect at all if some wakening grief hath not preceded and forewent them Will some Ladies vaunt of their beauty that is but skin-deep of two senâ—â—s onely known short even of Marble Statues and Pictures not the same to all eyes dangerous to the Bâ—holder and hurtful to the Possessor an enemy to Chastiâ—ie a thing made to delight others more than those which have it a superficial lustre hiding bones and the brains things fearful to be looked upon growth in years doth blaste it or sickness or sorrow preventing them Our strength matched with that of the urneasonable Creatures is but weakness all we can set our eyes on in these intricate mazes of life is but vain perspective and deceiving shadows appearing far otherwise afar off than when injoied and gazed upon in a neâ—r distance If death be good why should it be feared And if it be the woâ—k of nature how should it not be good for nature is an Ordinance and Rule which God hath established in the creating this Vniverse as is the Law of a king which cannot err Sith in him there is no impotency and weakâ—esse by the which he might bring forth what is unperfect no perverseness of will of which might proceed any vicious action no ignorance by the which he might go wrong in working being most powerful most good most wise nay all-wise all-good all powerful He is the first Orderer and marshalleth every other Order the highest Essâ—nce giving essence to all other things of all causes the cause he worketh powerfully bounteously wisely and maketh his Artificial Organ nature do the same How is not Death of Nature sith what is naturally generate is subject to corruption and such an harmony which is life rising from the mixture of the four Elements which are the Ingredients of our bodie can not ever endure the contrariety of their qualities as a consuming Rust in the basâ—r Mettals being an inward cause of a necessary dissoution Again how is not Death good sith it is the thaw of all those vanities which the frost of life bindeth together If there be a saciety in life then must there be a sweetnesse in Death The Earth were not ample enough to contain her off-spring if none dyed in two or three Ages without death what an unpleasant and lamentable Spectacle were the most flourishing Cities for what should there be to be seen in them save bodies languishing and courbing again into the Earth pale disfigured faces Skelitons instead of men and what to be heard but the exclamations of the young complaints of the old with the pittiful cries of sick and pining persons there is almost no infirmity worse than age If there be any evil in death it would appear to be that pain and torment which we apprehend to arisâ— from the breaking of those strait bands which keep the Soul and body together which sith not without great struggling and motion seemes to prove it self vehement and most extreme The senses are the only cause of pain but before the last Trances of Death they are so brought under that they have no or very little strength and their strength lessening the strength of pain too must be lessened How should we doubt but the weakness of sense lesseneth pain sith we know that weakened and maimed parts which receive not nourishment are a great deal less sensible than the other parts of the body And see that old decrepit persons leave this world almost without pain as in a sleep If bodies of the most sound and wholesome constitution be these which most vehemently feel pain it must then follow that they of a distemperate and craisie constitution have least feeling of pain and by this reason all weak and sick bodies should not much feel pain for if they were not distâ—mpered and evil complexioned they would not be sick That the Sight Hearing Taste Smelling leave us without pain and unawares we are undoubtedly assured and why should we not think the same of the Feeling That which is capable of feeling are the vital Spirits which in a man in a perfit health are spread and extended through the whole body and hence is it that the whole Body is capâ—ble of pain but in dying bodies we see that by pauses and degrees the parts which are furthest removed from the heart become cold and being deprived of natural heat all the pain which they feel is that they do feel no pain Now even as before the sick are aware the vital spirits have withdrawn themselves from the whole extension of the body to succour the heart like distressed Citizens which finding their walls battered down fly to the defence of theiâ— ittadel
many expiations sacrificâ—s prayers solemnities and mystical Ceremonies To what such sumptuous Tâ—mples and care of the Dead to what all Religion If not to shew that they expected a more excellent mâ—nner of being after the navigation of this life did take aâ— end And who doth deny it must deny that there is a Providence a God confess that his worship and all study and reason of virtue are vain and not believ that there is a world are creatures and that He himself is not what He is As those Images were pourtraicted in my mind the morning Star now almost arising in the East I found my thoughts mild and quiet calm and not long after my fenses one by one forgetting their uses began to give themselves over to rest lâ—aving mein a still and peaceable sleep if sleep it may be called where the mind awaking is carryed with free wings from ouâ— flâ—shly bondage For heavy lids had not long covâ—red their lights when I thought nay sure I was wherâ— I might difcern all in this great All the large compass of the rolling Circles the brightness and continual motion of those Rubies of the Night which by their distance heâ—e below cannot be perceived the silver countenance of the wandring Moon shining by anothers light the hanging of the Earth as environed with a girdle of Chrystal the Sun enthronized in the midst of the Planets eye of the Heavens Gem of this precious Ring the World But whilst with wonder and amazement I gazed on those Celestial splendors and the beaming Lamps of that glorious Temple there was presented to my sight a Man as in the Spring of his years with that selfâ— same grace comely feature Majestick look which the late was wont to have on whom I had no sooner set mine eyes when like one Planet-stroken I become amazed But hee with a milde demeanour and voice surpassing all humane sweetnesse appeared me thought to say What is it doth thus anguish and trouble thee Is it the remembrance of Death the last Period of Wretchedness and entry to these happy places the Lantern which lightneth men to see the mystery of the blessednesse of Spirits and that glory which transcendeth the Courtain of things visible Is thy Fortune below on that dark Globe which scarce by the smalnesse of it appeareth hâ—re so great that thou art heart broken and dejected to leave it What if thou wert to leave behind thee a so glorious in the eye of the World yet but a Mote of Dust encircled with a Pond as that of mine so loving such great hopes these had been apparent occasions of lamenting and but apparent Dost thou think thou leavest Life too soon death is best young things fair and â—xcellent are not of long endurance upon Earth Who â—iveth well liveth long Souls most beloved of their Maker are soonest relieved from the bleeding cares of Life and most swiftâ—y wafted through the Surges of Humane miseries Opinion that Great Enchantresse and peiser of â—hings not as they are but as they seem hath not in any â—hing more than in the conceit of Death abused man Who must not measure himself and esteem his estate after his earthly being which is but as a dream For though he â—e borne on the Earth he is not born for the Earth more than the Embryon for the Mothers Womb. It Plaineth to be delivered of its bands and to come to the light of thiâ— World and Man waileth to be loosed from the Chaines with which he is fettered in that valley of vanities It nothing knoweth whither it is to go nor ought of the beauty of the visible works of God neither doth man of the magnificence of the Intellectual World above unto whicâ— as by a Mid-wife he is directed by Death Fools which think that this fair and admirable Frame so variously disposed so rightly marshalled so strongly maintained enriched with so many excellencies not only for necessity but for ornament and delight was by that Supreme wisdom brought forth that all things in a circulary course should be and not be arise and dissolve and thus continue as if they were so many Shadowes cast out and caused by the encountring of these Superiour Celestial bodies chaâ—ging onely their fashion and shape or Fantastical Imageries or prints of faces into Chrystal No no the Eternal Wisdome hath made man an excellent creature though he fain would unmake himself and return to nothing And though he seek his â—elicity among the reasonless Wights he hath fixed it above Look how some Prince or great King on the Earth when he hath raised any Stately City the work being atchieved is wont to set his Image in the midst of it to be admired and gazed upon No otherwise did the Soveraign of this All the Fabrick of it perfected place man a great Miracle formed to his own pattern in the midst of this spacious and admirable City God containeth all in him as the beginning of all man containeth all in him as the midst of all inferiour things be in man more noble than they exist superiour things more meanly Celestial things favour him earthly things are vassalled unto him he is the band of both neither is it possible but that both of them have peace with him who made the Covenant between them and him He was made that he might in the Glasse of the world behold the infinite Goodnesse Power and glory of his Maker and beholding know and knowing Love and loving enjoy and to hold the Earth of him as of his Lord Paramount never ceasing to remember and praise Him It exceedeth the compasse of conceit to thiâ—k that that wisdome which made every thing so orderly in the parts should make a confusion in the whole and the chief Master-piece how bringing forth so many â—xcellencies for man it should bring forth man for baseness and miserie And no less strange were it that so long life should be given to Trees Beasts and the Birds of the Air Creatures inferiour to Man which have less use of it and which cannot judge of this goodly Fabrick and that it should not be denyed to Man unless there were another manner of living prepared for him in a place more noble and excellent But alas said I had it not been better that for the good of his native Countrey a endued with so many peerlesse gifts had yet lived How long will yee replyed hee like the Ants think there are no fairer Palaces than their Hills or like to purblind Moles no greater light than that little which they shun As if the Master oâ— a Camp knew when to remove a Sentinel and he who placeth Man on the Earth knew not how long he had need of him Every one commeth there to act his part of this Tragi-Comedie called life which done the Courtain is drawn and â—e removing is said to dy That Providence which prescribeth Causes to every event hath not onely determined a definite and certain number of daies but of
actions to all men which they cannot go beyond Most then answered I Death is not such an evil and pain as it is of the Vulgar esteemed Death said he nor painful is nor evil except in contemplation of the cause being of it self as indifferent as birth yet can it not be denyed and amidst those dreams of earthly pleasures the uncouthnesse of it with the wrong apprehension of what is unknown in it are noysom But the Soul sustained by its Maker resolved and calmly retired in it self doth find that death sith it is in a moment of Time is but a short nay sweet sigh and is not worthy the remembrance compared with the smallest dramm of the infinite Felicity of this Place Here is the Palace Royal of the Almighty King in which the uncomprehensible comprehensibly manifesteth Himself in place highest in substance not subject to any corruption or change for it is above all motion and solid turneth not in quantity greatest for if one Starre one Sphere be so vast how large how huge in exceeding demensions must those bounds be which do them all contain In quality most pure and orient Heaven here is all but a Sunne or the Sunne all but a Heaven If to Earthlings the Foot-stool of God and that Stage which he raised for a small course of Time seemeth so glorious and magnificent What estimation would they make if they could see of his eternal Habitation and Throne and if these be so wonderful what is the fight of him for whom and by whom all was created of whose Glory to behold the thousand thousand part the most pure Intelligencies are fully satiate and with wonder and delight rest amazed for the beauty of his light and the light of His beauty are uncomprehensible Here doth that earnest appetite of the understanding content it self not seeking to know any more For it seeth before it in the vision of the Divine essence a Miroir in the which not Images or shadows but the true and perfect essence of every thing created is more clear and conspicuous than in it self all that may be known or understood Here doth the Will pause it self as in the center of its Eternal rest glowing with a fiery affection of that infinite and al-sufficient good which being fully known cannot for the infinite motives and causes of love which are in him but be fully and perfectly loved As he is onely the true and essential Bounty so is he the onely essential and true beauty deserving alone all Love and Admiration by which the Creatures are onely in so much fair and excellent as they parâ—icipate of his Beauty and excelling Excellencies Here is a blessed Company every one joying as much in anothers Felicity as in that which is proper because each seeeth another equaly loved of God thus their distinct joyes are no fewer than the copartners of the Joy And as the Assembly is in number answerable to the large capacity of the place so are the joyes answerable to the numberlesse number of the Assembly No poor and piâ—tiful mortal confined on the Globe of Earth who hath never seen buâ— soâ—row or interchangeably some painted superficial pleasures can righly think on or be sufficient to conceive the termless delights of this place So many Feathers move not on Birds so many Birds dint not the Air so many leaves tremble not on Trees so many Trees grow not in the solitary Forests so many waves turn not in the Ocean and so many grains of Sand limit not those Waves as this triumphant Court hath variety of delights and Joies exempâ—ed from all comparison Happiness at once here is â—ully known and fully enjoyed and as infinite in conâ—inuance as extent Here is flourishing and never-fading youth without Age Strength without Weaknesse Beauty never blasting Knowledge without Learning Abundance without Loathing Peace without Disturbance Participâ—tion without Envy Rest without Labour Light without rifing or setting Sunne Perpetuity without moments for Time which is the measure of Endurance did never enter in this shining Eternity Ambition Disdain Malice Difference of Opinions cannot approach this place and resembling those foggy Mists which cover those Lists of Sublunary things All pleasure paragon'd with what is here is pain all Mirth mourning all Beauty deformity Here one daies abiding is above the continuing in the most fortunate estate on the Earth many years and sufficient to countervail the extreamest torments of Life But although this bliss of Souls be great and their joies many yet shal they admit addition and bee more ful and perfect at that long wished and general meeting with their bodies Amongst all the wonders of the great Creator not one appeareth to be more wounderful replied I than that our Bodies should arise having suffered so many changes and nature denying a return from privation to a Habit. Such power said he being above all that the Understanding of Man can conceave may well work such wonders For if Mans Vnderstanding could comprehend all the secrets and counsels of that Eternal Majesty it must of necessity be equal unto it The Author of Nature is not thralled to the Lawes of Nature but worketh with them or contrary to them as it pleaseth him What he hath a will to do he hath a power to perform To that power which brought all this All from nought to bring again in one instant any substance which ever was into it unto what it was once should not be thought impossible for who can do more can do less and his power is no less after that which was by him brought forth is decaâ—ed and vanished than it was before it was produced being neither restrained to certain limits or instruments or to any determinate and definite manner of working where the power is without restraint the work admitteth no other limits than the Workers will This world is as a Cabinet to God in which the small things however to us hid and secret are nothing less kept than the great For as he was wife and powerful to creat so doth his knowledge comprehend his own Creation yea every change and varity in it of which it is the very Source Not any Atom of the scatter'd Dust of mankind though daily flowing under new forms is to him unknown and his knowledge doth distinguish and discern what once his power shall waken and raise up Why may not the Arts-Master of the world like a Molder what he hath framed in divers shapes confound in one mass and then severally fashion them out of the same Can the Spargirick by his Art restore for a space to the dry and withered Rose the natural purple and bluth and cannot the Almighty râ—ise and refine the body of man after never so many alterations on the Earth Reason her self finds it more possible for infinit power to cast out from it self a finit world and restore any thing in it though decaied and dissolved to what it was first than for man a finit piece of reasonable misery to change the form of matter made to his hand the power of God never brought forth all that it can for then were it bounded and no more infinit That time doth approach O hast ye times away in which the dead shall live and the living be changed and of all actions the Guerdon is at hand then shall there â—e an end without an end time shall finish and place shall be altered motion yielding unto rest and another world of an age eternal and unchangeable shall arise which when he had said me thought he vanished and I all astonished did awake To the Memory of the most Excellent Lady JANE Countess of PERTH THis Beauty which Pale death in dust did turn And clos'd so soon within a Coffin sad Did passe like Lightning like to T hunder burn So little Life so much of Worth it Had. Heavens bâ—t to shew their Might here made it shine And when admir'd then in the Worlds disdain O Tears O Grief did call it back again Lest Earth should vaâ—ut she kept what was Divine What can we hope for more What more enjoy Sith â—â—irest Things thus soonest have their End And as on Bodies shadowes do attend Sith all our blisse is follow'd with Annoy Yet she 's not dead she lives where she did love Her Memory on Earth Her soul above To S. W. A. THough I have twice been at the Doors of Death And twice found shut those Gates which ever mourn This but a lightning is Truce tane to Breath For late-born Sorrows augurre fteet return Amidst thy sacred Cares and Courtly toils Alexis when thou shalt hear wandring Famâ— Tell Death bath triumph'd o're my mortal spoils And that on Earth I am but a sad Name If thou e're held me clear by all our Love By all that Blisse those Ioyes Heaven here us gave I conjure thee and by the Maids of Jove To grave this short Remembrance on my Grave Here Damon lies whose Songs did somtime grace The murmuring Esk may roses shade the Place On the Report of the Death of the Author Iâ— that were true which whispered is by Fame That Damons light no more on Earth doth burn His Part on Phoebus physick would disclaim And cloth'd in clouds as erst for Phâ—eton mourn Yea Fame by this had got so deep a wound That scarce She could have power to tell his death Her Wings cut short who could her Trumpet sound Whose blaze of late was nurs'd but by his Breath That Spirit of his which most with mine was free By mutual traffick enterchanging store If chac'd from him it would have come to me Where it so ost familiar was before Some secret Grief distempring first my Mind Had though not knowing made me feel this losse A Sympathy had so our Souls combind That such a parting both at once would tosse Though such Reports to others terrour give Thy Heavenly Virtnes who did never spy I know thou that canst make the dead to live Immortal art and needs not fear to dye Sir WILL. ALEXANDER FINIS