for there is one God and one Mediator between God and Men the Man Christ Jesus who gave himself a Ransom for All Mark that for All 1 Tim. 3. 4 5 6. In the Prophecy of Obediah there is much said concerning Esau and his Generation of the just Judgments of God against them for their Wickedness Verse 6. its said thus How are the things of Esau searched out how are his hidden things sought up Verse 9 10. God threatned to cut off every one of the Mount of Esau for said God For thy Violence against thy Brother Jacob shame shall cover thee and thou shalt be cut off forever Vers 18. And the House of Jacob shall be a Fire and the House of Joseph a Flame and the House of Esau for Stubble c. Reader here observe God by his holy Prophet shews the Cause why his hatred was kindled against Esau and his Generation House Family or Off-spring and why he would cut off or destroy them even because of their Wickedness and Rebellion The Apostle Paul saith The Wrath of God is revealed from Heaven against all Vngodliness and Vnrighteousness of men who hold the Truth in Vnrighteonsness because that which may be known of God is manifest in them for God hath shewed it unto them and because when they knew God they glorified him not as God and even as they did not like to retain God in their Knowledge God gave them up to a Reprobate Mind c. Rom. 1. 18 19 21 28. And again he speaks against those who did not know the Long-suffering and Goodness of God to lead them to Repentance and he saith God will render to every man according to their deeds and he also saith There is no respect of Persons with God c. Rom. 2. 4 6 11. And the same Paul puts the Question saying What if God willing to shew his Wrath and to make his power known endured with much Long-suffering on the Vessel of Wrath fitted to Destruction Rom. 9. 22. Thus it appears that God waited long upon the Evil-doers to lead them to Repentance But when they knew God they did not Glorifie him as God neither did they like to retain God in their Knowledge and after God had suffered and waited long to lead them to Repentance and they did not turn at his Call and Reproof then he gave them up to a Reprobate Mind They had a time in which they might have been made of an Heavenly Spiritual Mind in which they might have had Life and Peace The Prophet Jeremiah saith of the Apostatized Jews who were the Children of Jacob according to the Flesh Reprobate Silver shall men call them because the Lord hath rejected them Jer. 6. 30. Reader the People of God called Quakers do own Election and Reprobation but do utterly deny That God hath ordained that some men should be Wicked or that he WITH-HOLDS his Light Grace or Spirit from them and so puts them UPON A FORCE to be Wicked for want of the gift of his Spirit Grace and Light and afterwards casts them into Hell for not obeying him when they had no power offered or given to them by him to enable them to obey No God's Way is Equal as his Servants of old have testified Where he gives much he requires of man accordingly and where he gives less he requires accordingly and he that is faithfull in a little he will make Ruler over much The Apostle Peter said The Saints were Elect according to the fore-knowledge of God the Father through Sanctification of the Spirit unto Obedience c. 1 Pet. 1. 2. And we do deny that any Man or Woman is Elect of God that is Chosen of God without the Sanctification of or by the Spirit of Truth and Obedience unto it The Apostle Paul saith unto the Saints at Rome Those whom God did fore-know them he did predestinate that is fore-ordain to be conformed to the Image of his Son that is to the Likeness of his Son Rom. 8. 29. But it is certain that none can be made Conformable to the Likeness of his Son without he be Sanctified by the Spirit of Truth and none can be so Sanctified by the Spirit of Truth but those who believein and obey the same Spirit for that is it which Christ promised should lead the Saints into all Truth The Apostle Paul writ to the Church of Christ at Ephesus saying Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ who hath blessed us with all spiritual Blessings in heavenly Places in Christ according as he hath chosen us that is Elected us in him before the Foundation of the World that we should be holy without blame before him in Love c. Ephes 1. 3 4. We do believe that God doth fore-know those who become his while they are ignorant of him And we do believe that he hath chosen them in his Son before the Foundation of the World Christ the Son of God is the Light of the World he lighteth every one that cometh into World for one the same Cause Purpose or End even that all might believe in him obey him through Faith and Obedience might be Chosen or Elect in him and so have Eternal Life in him He that believes in the Son of God hath Everlasting Life he that doth not believe in the Son of God shall not see Life John 38. Again the first Epistle of John 5. 12. He that hath the Son hath Life and he that hath not the Son of God hath not Life and such are not Elect in him but are under condemnation because of their Unbelief which Unbelief the Devil not God iâ— the Author of Reader thus we own Election and Reprobation as did the holy Men of old but we deny that those who continue in sin and plead for it term of Life are in that state chosen of God we do deny an UNCONDITIONAL Election Reprobation as held forth by many of the Professors in our time for the condition of Election is Faith in God and Christ and Obedience unto the Spirit of Truth which is given to lead the Saints into all Truth and to conviuce the World of sin And the condition of Reprobation and Damnation is Unbelief in God and Christ and Disobedience unto and Rebellion against the Spirit of Truth The Apostle Paul saith to the Saints at Rome If ye live after the Flesh ye shall dye but if ye through the Spirit do mortifie the deeds of the Body ye shall live for as many as are led by the Spirit of God are the Sons of God Rom. 8. 13 14. And further the same Apostle saith His Servants ye are to whom ye obey whether of Sin unto Death or of Obedience unto Righteousness Rom. 6. 16. So here the holy Apostle declares the GOSPEL conditions of Election and Reprobation or chusing to Eternal Life and casting off unto Eternal Damnation Christ is the Elect the Chosen of God Behold saith God my Servant
Revellings and Dancings Whisperings and Back-biteings Lying and Slandring evil Imaginations and Thoughts and abominable Idolatries The BARE Name of Christian will not profit you any thing while you are out of the true Christian Faith and Obedience in Rebellion against Christ O that you would consider your latter end O that you would seek after God! O that you would unfeignedly seek Repentance there is Mercy with God that he may be feared and sought after BY YOU while the Day of your Visitation lasteth before the Door of Mercy be FOREVER shut against you but if you will STILL go on in your Wickedness you will in a very little TIME grow RIPE for Vengeance and the Lord will CERTAINLY be TOO strong for you and will cut you down as in a moment and will bring you into everlasting Punishment as the just reward of your wicked ungodly Works Words Imaginations and Thoughts For the holy Ghost saith by the Mouth of the holy Apostle Paul Be NOT deceived God is not mocked for whatsoever a man soweth that shall he also reap he that soweth to the Flesh shall of the Flesh reap Corruption but he that soweth to the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap Life everlasting If you live after the Flesh you shall DYE but if you through the Spirit mortifie the Deeds of the Body then shall you LIVE His Servants you are to whom you yield your selves Servants to OBEY whether it be of SIN unto Death or of OBEDIENCE unto Righteousness Gal. 6. 7 8. Rom. 6. 16. and 8. 13. Moreover mortifie your Members which are upon the Earth Fornication Vncleanness inordinate Affection evil Concupiscence and Covetousness which is Idolatry for which THINGS SAKE the Wrath of God cometh on the Children of Disobedience in the which ye also walked SOME TIME when ye lived IN them but now ye also put off ALL these Anger Wrath MALICE BLASPHEMY filthy Communication out of your Mouth Lye NOT one to another c. Put on CHARITY which is the bond of PERFECTNESS and let the PEACE of God rule in your Hearts to the which YOU are also called in one Body and be ye thankful c. Col. 3. 5 6 7 8 9 14 15. Read the Chapter through Again Be ye therefore Followers of God as dear Children and walk in Love as Christ also hath loved us and hath given himself for us an Offering and Sacrifice to God for a sweet smelling savour but Fornication and ALL Uncleanness or Covetousness let it NOT ONCE be named among ye c. neither Filthiness nor foolish TALKING nor JESTING which are not convenient but rather giving of Thanks For this you KNOW THAT NO Whoremonger NOR Unclean Persons NOR Covetous man which is an Idolater hath ANY Inheritance IN the Kingdom of Christ and of God Let no Man deceive you with VAIN Words for because of these things cometh the Wrath of God upon the Children of Disobedience be NOT ye therefore partakers with them for ye were SOMETIMES DARKNESS but NOW ARE YE LIGHT IN THE LORD walk as CHILDREN of the LIGHT for the FRUIT of the Spirit IS IN ALL GOODNESS and Righteousness and Truth and have NO fellowship with the unfruitful WORKS of Darkness BUT rather reprove them For it is a SHAME even to SPEAK of those things which are done of them IN SECRET but ALL things that are reproved are made manifest BY the LIGHT for WHATSOEVER DOTH make manifest IS LIGHT Wherefore he saith AWAKE thou that SLEEPEST and arise from the DEAD and Christ shall give thee LIGHT Ephes 5. to the 14. Read the Chapter through Moreover the Author to the Hebrews saith by the holy Ghost or Spirit Follow Peace with all men and Holiness without which no man shall see the Lord looking diligently lest any man fail of the Grace of God or FALL from IT As in the Margin before Lest any Root of bitterness spiringing up trouble you and THEREBY many be defiled lest there be any Fornicator or PROPHANE Person as Esau WHO for one morsel of Meat sold his Birth-right Heb. 12. 14 â—5 16. Note Reader this is WORTHY of thy observation that Esau SOLD his Birth-right and the following words of the Apostle are these viz. You know saith he that afterward WHEN he would have inherited the BLESSING he was REJECTED c. ver 17. Note here the holy Ghost renders Esau a Prophane Person and rendereth the SELLING and despising of his Birth-right as a proof of his Prophaneness for which he was rejected of God and could not inherit the Blessing though he Afterwards sought it c. The holy Ghost or Spirit said by Moses Thus Esau despised his Birth-right Gen. 25. 34. God did not fore-appoint Esau to be a prophane or wicked man he did not fore-appoint him to serve and obey the Devil the Original and first cause of all Prophaneness and Wickedness It is written that Ahab SOLD HIMSELF to work Wickedness in the sight of the Lord 1 Kings 21. 25 20. So Wickedness and Prophaneness alwayes proceeded from the Devil and CORRUPT SELF but all Purity and Holiness proceeds from God who is everlasting Holy his command unto all People is Be ye Holy for I the Lord your God am Holy Without Holiness no man shall see the Lord as saith the holy Ghost and also saith Holiness becomes the Lords House forever God DID NOT SELL Esau to work Wickedness but he sold himself or gave up himself to the Original of wickedness the Devil for after he was corrupted by him who is the Original of all Prophaneness and Wickedness he despised his Birth-right and sold it for a Mess of Pottage and after he had done this God rejected him but before this he had a day or time of Visitation in which he might have entred into Rest and Peace with God In the Prophecy of Obediah there is much said concerning Esau and his House Family or Off-spring the Edomites as I have shewed before in this Book God said to Esau IN HIS Generation The Pride of thine Heart hath deceived thee how are the things of Esau searched out how are his hidden things sought up c. For the Violence against thy Brother Jacob shame shall cover thee and thou shalt be cut off forever Thou shouldst NOT have rejoyced over the Children of Judah in the day of their Destruction NEITHER shouldst thou have spoken proudly in the day of Distress thou shouldst NOT have entred into the Gate of my People in the day of their Calamity c. NOR have laid hand on their SUBSTANCE in the day of their Calamity NEITHER shouldst thou have STOOD in the cross way to CUT OFF those of him that did escape NEITHER shouldst thou have delivered up those of his that did remain in the day of Distress AS thou hast done it shall be done unto thee thy REWARD shall turn upon thy own Head c. And the House of Jacob shall be a Fire and the House of Joseph a Flame and the House
ELECTION AND REPROBATION Scripturally and Experimentally Witnessed unto c. Wherein the Love of God in Christ is Freely and Clearly held forth to all Mankind Given forth in tender Love for a general Good but more particularly for the Comfort of all who in Sincerity seek after the pure God with Desires to walk in his Holy Undefiled Way Also Divers other weighty things needful to be duely considered and rightly understood witnessed unto as aforesaid By one who travails in Spirit for the gathering of the scattered Nations who are like troubled Waters out of their Sins home unto God by Christ Jesus the good Shepherd William Gibson Look unto me and be ye saved all the Ends of the Earth for I am God and there is none else a mighty God a Saviour c. Isa 45. 22. God's Will is that all men might be saved Christ gave himself a Ransom for all 1 Tim. 2. 4 6. Despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and long-suffering not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to Repentance but after the hardness and Impenitency of thy Heart treasurest up unto thy self wrath against the Day of wrath and Revelation of the righteous Judgments of God who will render to every man according to his Deeds Rom. 2. 4 5 6. Printed in the Year 1678. An Epistle to the Reader Reader REmember the Command and Example of Christ Jesus and obey and follow the same who said Learn of me I am Meek and Lowly and ye shall find Rest to your Souls if thou takest his counsel and followst his example then thou wilt read in meekness and lowliness of Mind and if thou so read I question not but what I have writ in this following Testimony will meet with an answer in thy Conscience and some benefit may come to thee thereby and if so it come to pass it will be matter of true rejoycing to me for I do take great pleasure in the Well-being of the Sons and Daughters of men every way both in Soul and Body It is certain that the Holy Glorious Lord God of Heaven Earth doth give Life and a Being upon Earth unto all mankind for one and the same purpose even that all should serve him with their Souls and with their Bodies which are his it is equitable in God to require this service therefore saith the holy Apostle This is your reasonable service at this the Law of God directly pointed given by Moses unto the Family of Abraham after through sin man-kind was fallen from God saying Hear O Israel Thou shalt have no other Gods but me thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy Heart and with all thy Soul and with all thy Mind this is the first and greatest Commandment and the second is like unto it Thou shalt love thy Neighbour as thy self Christ Jesus in the days of his Flesh did not only ratifie and confirm this and commend the same to his Disciples and to the Multitude but also opened or expounded the latter yea enlarged the same unto his Disciples saying Love your Enemies do good to those who do despightfully use you and persecute you Christ said to the Jews Think ye I came to destroy the Law I tell ye nay I came not to destroy but to fulfill those who did believe in him and receive him he did endue with power to love God with all their Heart Soul and Mind and their Neighbours as themselves yea to love and pray for their Enemies and it s written as many as receiv'd him to them he gave power to become the Sons of God and those Believers in him who received him into their hearts by Faith were not born of flesh nor of blood nor of the will of man but of God these were born of the Spirit and led by it and they are the Children of God who are led by the Spirit of God as the Apostle saith Christ Jesus through the Grace Favour and tender Mercy of God the Father tasted death for Every man as saith the holy Apostle and Christ saith I am the Light of the World mark that he is not only the Life and Light of his Disciples whom he hath gathered out of the World who are not of the world as he saith and therefore the world doth hate them but he is also the Light of the World which lieth in wickedness and by his light shining in their dark hearts he lets them see their sins and reproves them thereby and calls of them thereby to Repent Christ saith Every one that doth Evil hateth the Light and will not bring their deeds unto it but every one that doth Truth bringeth his deeds unto the Light that they may be made man fest that they are wrought in God who is LIHGT as saith the holy Apostle John and he saith Christ is the propitiation for our sins and not for our sins only but also for the sins of the WHOLE WORLD mark that he is the common and universal Saviour who died for all lighteth all and is the propitiation or Intercessor provided for all but none can have the benefit of his Death or Life or his Light or of his Mediatorship unto their Eternal Salvation without Faith in him Abraham saw his day and believed in him and was glad and the Fathers under the Law and before the Law believed God and his Promises which are all yea and amen in him the Gentiles who had not the Law in the outward Letter did the things contained in the Law shewing the deeds of the Law written in their hearts as saith the Apostle by vertue of his enlightning enlivening presence they were naturalliz'd or made naturally to do the things contained in the Law and so were made partakers of that nature which is Divine of which nature the true Believers were and are made partakers as the holy Apostle saith here take notice that nature or the nature of man considered as he is in the fall from God man in and by this nature fallen corrupted and degenerated into a plant of a strange Vine unto God in this estate in this nature he cannot do the things contained in the Law of God but contrariwise as the Apostle saith the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God for they are foolishness unto him therefore those who without the Law in the outward Letter do the things contained in it these deeds are done by the verture of the heavenly and divine nature or spirit of the Lamb of God who as John Baptist saith cometh to take away the sins of the World Mark the sins of the World So it is certainly true which Christ Jesus saith without me ye can do nothing and this of old was and now is as true in and among the Gentiles as among the Jews there is not Salvation in any other there is no name given under Heaven by which any can be saved but by him whom the Father hath given to be
whom I uphold mine Elect in whom my Soul delighteth I will keep thee and give thee for a Covenant of the People for a Light to the Gentiles to open the blind Eyes to bring out the Prisoners from the Prison and them that sit in Darkness out of the Prison-house Isa 42. 1 6 7. He is the blessed Seed in whom the blessing is to whom the Promise is That he shall bruise the Serpents Head who brought in the Curse and Reprobation He is able to save to the uttermost all that come unto God by him Heb. 7. 25. he is ordained of the Father to put an end to Sin to finish Transgression and bring in everlasting Righteouâ—ness He is the Lamb of God who takâ—th away the Sin of the World he is â—the Author of eternal Saltation unto all them that obey him Heb. 5. 9. Mark here obedience unto Christ is required in order to Salvation this is a Gospel-truth The Apostle Peter said unto the Jews God having raised up his Son Jesus sent him to bless you in turning away every one of you from his Iniquities Acts 3. 26. Mark those who are blessed by Jesus Christ and Elect in him they are turned away from their Iniquities by him and in vain do they profess him and to be his Elect who continue in their sins and plead for their continuance therein for term of Life God said by the Mouth of his holy Prophet Isaiah Look unto me and be ye saved all the ends of the Earth for I am God and there is none else Isa 45. 22. read the Chapter through God doth largely therein express by plain words his Universal Love to Man-kind Observe Reader he calls to the Heathen even to all the Ends of the Earth to look to him for Salvation Mark that for which one man is called to look to him for the same all Man-kind is called to look to him every one in the Day of their Visitation viz. for Salvation Christ is the true Light who lighteth every man that cometh into the World according to John 1 9. he is the Light of the World as he said John 8 12. 12. 46 He said Believe in the Light that ye may be Children of the Light So all being onlightned by Chr st in the Light they may look unto God and be saved if they believe in it but if they believe not in the Light but hate it they cannot have Salvation Joh. 3. 19 20. 1 Joh. 1 5. and such Perish whose Destruction is of themselves and the Lord God is clear for the Unbelief and the Disobedience of those who Perish is not of God but of the wicked One. God said by the Mouth of David â—y People would not hearken to my Voice and Israel would none of me So I gave them up unto their own Hearts Lusts and they walked in their own wayes O that my People had hearkened unto me and Israel had walked in my wayes Psal 81. 11 12 13. God spake by the Mouth of Hosea unto Israel saying O Israel thou destroyest thy self but in me is thy help Hosea 13. 9. God said by the Mouth of the Apostle Peter That the Wicked bring Destruction upon themselves 2 Pet. 2. 1. Read the Chapter through Christ Jesus said O Jerusalem Jerusalem thou that killest the Prophets and stonest them who are sent unto thee how often would I have gathered thy Children together even as a Hen gathereth her Chickens under her Wings and ye would not Matth. 23. 37. Luk. 13. â—4 Reader when Christ would have garnered the Inhabitants of Jerusalem unto their Immortal Souls Rest they rejected him And he did not tell them that they could not come to him for they might have come to him or else it had been vain Words for him to tell them that he would have gathered them But he told them they WOULD NOT come to him So it was their own Self-will which did hinder them from coming to Christ and not Gods holy Will for his will is that all might be saved God said by the Mouth of Solomon That the Wicked would have none of his Counsel And he said they dispised all his Reproof Therefore said God they shall eat the Fruit of their own way c. Prov. 1. 30 31. Christ is the true Light who lighteth every man that cometh into the World as I have shewed before and he hath tasted Death for every Man Heb. 2. 9. The Apostle John said Christ is the Propitiation for the Sins of the whole World 1 John 2. 2. And he further said We have seen and do testifie that the Father sent the Son to be the Saviour of the World 1 John 4. 14. The Apostle Paul said There is one God and one Mediator between God and Men the man Christ Jesus who gave himself a Ransom for ALL mark for all And he said God's will is that ALL MEN might be saved mark that 1 Tim. 2. 4 5 6. Reader by what I have cited and writ in the holy Scripture words and according to them it doth plainly appear that God hath not Created nor Fore-ordained any Man or Woman on purpose that they should be Wicked so to be Damned or Destroyed or cast into Hell but he doth give to all People a Day or Time of Visitation by his Grace Light and Spirit by the same to lead them out of the broad way that leads to Destruction all those that continue therein till the Lord cease to strive with them for their Salvation such perishing their Destruction is of themselves and the Lord God is clear I have no pleasure in the Death of him that dieth saith the Lord wherefore turn your selves and live ye Ezek. 18. 32. As I live saith the Lord God I have no pleasure in the Death of the WICKED but that the Wicked turn from his evil way and live Turn ye turn ye from your evil Wayes for why will ye die O House of Israel Ezek. 33. 11. The Apostle Peter Exhorted those who had believed in Christ saying Give diligence to make your Calling and Election sure giving all diligence add to your Faith Vertue and to Vertue Knowledge and to Knowledge Temperance and to Temperance Patience and to Patience Godliness and to Godliness Brotherly-kindness and to Brotherly-kindness Charity For if these things be in you and abound they make you that you shall neither be barren nor unfruitful in the Knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ but he that lacketh these things is Blind and cannot see afar off and hath forgotten that he was purged from his old Sins For if you do these things YE SHALL NEVER FALL for so an entrance shall be ministred unto you abundantly into the everlasting Kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ 2 Pet. 1. 5 6 7 8 9 10 11. Reader here thou mayst see that the Apostle took great care of those who had believed in Christ that they might make their Calling and Election sure So it appears that
contrary to the will decree and pleasure of the holy pure God whose will is that all men may know the Truth be saved as the holy Ghost saith by the Mouth of the holy Apostle Paul Again God saw the Wickedness of man was great in the Earth and the VERY IMAGINATIONS of the THOUGHTS of his Heart was ONLY EVIL CONTINUALLY and it REPENTED the Lord that he had made man on the Earth and it GRIEVED him at his HEART Gen. 6. 5 6. Note this Reader here is a clear and undeniable proof that God never did NO nor never will Ordain Predestinate Fore-appoint or WILL that any Man or Woman should be Evil Sinful Wicked or that any Man or Woman should imploy their Hearts and Minds at ANY TIME in that which is EVIL muchless that the Imaginations of the THOUGHTS of men and womens Hearts should be ONLY EVIL CONTINUALLY This Testimony of the holy Ghost or Spirit in Moses gives a FATAL stroke upon those who do imagin and speak so WRONG of God as to place it as the Decree Fore-ordination and Appointment of God that Some if not many men and women should yea must be Wicked upon MEER necessity they must have NO help from God to enable them to be Holy Godly c. Neither are they able of themselves to be Holy yet must as is Ungodlily imagined be damned cast into Hell for Sin Unholiness Ungodliness c. When they COULD by NO MEANS be Godly Holy c. God having NOT willed that they should be so and therefore would not give them Grace to enable them to be SO yet damneth them and casteth them into Hell because they are not SO. Oh this is gross Darkness that may be felt These Ungodly Opinions and Words RENDER God who hath given Life and a Being unto all Mankind MORE CRUEL and Unnatural unto Man and Woman the Workmanship of his own holy Hands than the most bruitish of his Creatures are unto their own young yea more cruel than they are one unto another yea the Lyon and the Bear in their kind do witness against these their ungodly Notions Imaginations and Words WELL may it be said of these vain and ungodly OPINIONISTS that they do not SPEAK RIGHT things of God c. Oh the evil Effect that this abominable Doctrine hath had and hath at this Day it is greatly to be lamented But glory to the Lord God the pure Light of the Morning of his glorious Day hath chased away the Smoke of the Pit of Darkness from the Eyes of a Remnant which hath thus greatly clouded and darkned the understandings of Mankind and the Lord is daily blowing away this cursed Smoke more and more out of this cursed Pit streams out the cursed dark Breath of the old Dragon the Devil who hath corrupted both Earth and Air with this his cursed Breath who hath made the Nations like the raging Sea which casts up Mire and Dirt yea like Beasts of Prey to Devour one another But God is risen in his great strength who will shut the Pits Mouth and will seal him down that he may deceive the Nations no more to God be all glory honour dominion and praise for evermore for he is worthy Moreover the great God Hath shewed thee O man what is GOOD and what doth the Lord REQUIRE OF THEE BUT TO DO JUSTLY AND TO LOVE MERCY AND TO WALK HUMBLY WITH THY GOD Micah 6. 8. Again the great Lord God of Heaven and Earth said unto the Children of Israel that great People I have set before thee this day LIFE AND GOOD AND DEATH AND EVIL in that I command thee this Day to love the Lord thy God to WALK IN HIS WAYES and keep his Commandments c. I call Heaven and Earth to record this day against you saith the Lord that I have SET before you Life and Death Blessing and Cursing therefore CHVSE LIFE that both thou and thy Seed may live that thou mayest love the Lord thy God and that thou mayest obey his VOICE and that thou mayest CLEAVE unto him FOR HE IS THY LIFE AND THE LENGTH OF THY DAYES But if thine HEART TURN AWAY SO that thou wilt NOT HEAR c. I denounce unto you this day that ye shall SURELY PERISH c. Deut. 30. 14 15 16 17 18 19 20. Again They have CORRUPTED THEMSELVES A Perverse and Crooked Generation of the Rock that BEGAT THEE thou art UNMINDFULL and hast FORGOTTEN GOD THAT FORMED THEE Jesurun waxed fat kicked he forsook God who made him and lightly esteemed the ROCK of his Salvation the Lord saw it and he abhorred them and he said I will hide my face from them they have MOVED ME to jealousie with that which is NOT GOOD Fire is kindled in mine Anger and it shall burn unto the LOWEST HELL Chap. 32. 5 15 18 19 20 22. The Lord God said concerning the Rebellious Jews They have chosen their own wayes and their SOVL delighteth in THEIR Abomination I also will chuse their Delusions and will bring their Fears upon them BECAUSE when I called none did answer when I spake none did hear but they did evil before mine eyes and CHOSE that in which I delighted NOT Isa 66. 3 4. 2 Thes 2. 10 11. The holy Prophet said Justice and Judgment are the Habitations of thy Throne c. Psalm 89. 14. Reader by what is above written it doth clearly and abundantly appear that the duty of all mankind is to love God to hearken unto him to obey his Voice to do justly to be lovers of Mercy and all true Christians must obey the Command of Christ who saith be merciful c. and must walk Humbly with the living God who giveth Life and a Being unto all Mankind by whose pure power they have their being continu'd upon Earth who of his free bounty gives them Food and Rayment Health and all necessary things which they do enjoy and without love to God doing Justly loving Mercy and walking Humbly with God as aforesaid Man and Woman cannot be accepted of God The just equal Lord God who requires this of all mankind doth put all into a capacity so to do And mens doing contrary unto this proceeds not of or from God but of and from the wicked one the false Teacher who led Adam and Eve to Sin against God Therefore let none who do WICKEDLY say It is Gods Will that they should DO SO. For God who is Holy who made man holy just and good his WILL is that all should be holy who said Be ye holy I the Lord your God am holy He commands them to chuse the Good and refuse the Evil and they have Power tender'd unto them by him so to DO it becomes their Sin who do not SO such do not improve that which God hath afforded them to enable and lead them to chuse the good and such are the idle unjust Servants who hide their Lords Money in the Earth as Christ said in his Parables Such
in their EVIL SELF-WILL chuse the Evil THE SIN the Wages of which is Death as saith the holy Apostle Now for any person to say that though God commands People to chuse the good to chuse Life yet he doth NOT WILL or Intend that they should obey this his command in chusing Life this is horrible Blas phemy or to say that he knows they cannot chuse the good by his help they cannot chuse Life this is also Blasphemy For this would render the pure just holy equal Lord God a Mocker in this great and weighty concern the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ hath said unto HIM Thy Throne O God is forever and ever the Scepter of thy Kingdom is a righteous Scepter thou lovest Righteousness and HATEST WICKEDNESS therefore God thy God hath anointed thee with the Oyl of gladness above thy fellows Psal 45. 6 7. Heb. 1. 8. Thus it plainly appears that God and Christ loves Righteousness and HATES all Sin and Wickedness Therefore the Call of the Lord God WAS AND IS Let the wicked forsake his way and the UNRIGHTEOUS MAN HIS THOUGHTS let him turn unto the Lord and he will have mercy on him unto our God and he will abundantly pardon God said by the Mouth of the holy Apostle Draw near unto God and he will draw near unto you Cleanse your Hands ye sinners purifie your HEARTS ye DOUBLE minded be afflicted and mourn and WEEP let your LAUGHTER be turned into MOURNING and your JOY into HEAVINESS humble your selves in the sight of the Lord and he shall lift you up James 4. 8 9 10. Again Thou art NOT a God that hath pleasure in WICKEDNESS neither shall EVIL dwell with thee Psal 5. 4. But know that God hath set APART him that is GODLY for HIMSELF Psal 4. 3. The Apostle Paul said unto the Saints My Brethren be strong in the Lord and in the power of his might put on the whole Armour of God that ye may be ABLE to STAND against the wiles of the Devil For WE wrestle NOT against Flesh and Blood but against Principalites of the DARKNESS of this World against spiritual Wickedness in high places Wherefore take unto you the WHOLE Armour of God that you may be able to withstand in the evil Day and having DONE ALL to stand stand therefore having your Loins girt about with Truth and having on the Breast-plate of Righteousness and your Feet shod with the preparation of the Gospel of PEACE above all taking the SHIELD of Faith wherewith you shall be able to quench ALL the fiery Darts of the wicked c Praying alwayes with all Prayer and Supplication IN THE SPIRIT and WATCH thereunto with all perseverance c. Ephes 6. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17. Again The NIGHT is far spent the DAY is at hand let us therefore cast off the WORKS of Darkness and let us put on the ARMOUR of LIGHT Let us walk honestly as in the day NOT in Rioting Drunkenness NOT in Chambering Wantonness NOT in Strife and Envy but put ye ON the Lord Jesus Christ and make no provision for the Flesh to fulfill the LUST thereof Rom. 13. 12 13 14. Again the Author to the Hebrews saith We ought to give more earnest HEED to the things which we have heard lest at any time we should let them SLIP In the Greek in the Margin it s rendered thus or let them run out like leeking Vessels Heb. 2 1. Christ Jesus saith to the Believers Take HEED to your selves lâ—st at ANY time your Hearts be over charged with Surfeiting and Drunkenness and the CARES of THIS LIFE Luke 21. 3. Again The Apostle saith WATCH ye STAND FAST in the Faith quit you like men be strong Ephes 6. 10 to 18. Again the Apostle said unto the Saints Ye are all the Children of the Light and the Children of the DAY we are NOT of the NIGHT nor of Darkness Therefore let us not SLEEP as do others but let us watch and be sober For they which SLEEP sleep in the Night and they that be drunken are drunken in the NIGHT But let us who are of the Day be SOBER puting on the Breast plate of Faith and LOVE and for an Helmet the hope of Salvation 1 Thes 5. 5 6 7. Ephes 5. 8. John 3. 36. Again the Apostle Peter saith For this cause was the Gospel preached also to them that are dead that they might be JUDGED according to men in the Flesh but LIVE according to God IN the Spirit Be ye therefore sober and watch unto Prayer 1 Pet. 4. 6 7. Again Christ said by John unto the Angel of the Church in Sardes I know thy works that thou hast a Name that thou LIVEST art DEAD Be watchful strengthen the things which remain that are ready to die For I have not found thy works perfect before God Remember therefore how thou hast RECEIVED and HEARD and hold FAST and Repent If therefore thou shalt NOT watch I will come on thee as a Thief and thoâ— shalt NOT know what Hour I will come upon thee Thou hast a few Names even in Sardes which have not defiled their Garments and they shall walk with me in White for they are worthy Rev. 3. 1 2 3 4. Note Reader Here is sweet harmonious wholsom heavenly Counsel given by many faithfull Witnesses to put on the whole Armour of God and so to be strong in the Lord and in the power of his might to put on the Shield of Faith and the Armour of Light and by this Power Light and spiritual Armour to withstand all the wiles of the Devil to quench all the fiery Darts of that Wicked one who goes about like a roaring Lyon ever seeking whom he may devour to stand having our Loyns girt about with Truth that is indeed a blessed Girdle having on the Breast-plate of Righteousness having our feet shod with the preparation of the Gospel of Peace the WAR NOT being against flesh and blood but against spiritual Wickedness and against the Prince of Darkness c. praying alwayes in the SPIRIT and watching thereunto with all perseverance not letting those things slip which we have heard and Received of God not to be like Leekey Vessels which lets that run out which is put into them not to be like the old unsound Bottles which burst c. but to put on the Lord Jesus Christ and make no provision for the flesh to fulfill the lusts thereof to keep out of surfeiting and over-charging our Hearts and Spirits with the cares of this Life not to sleep or slumber away our precious time in the Evil thoughts words and works of the Night which the Devil not God is the Author of and hath PLEASURE IN God's will is that all men should know the Truth and be SAVED so he is willing that they should all put on keep on the Breastplate of faith LOVE for an Helmet the hope of Salvation Here the
their Lamps went out which shews they were once in and they could not enter with the Bride-groom for the Door was shut So will it be with the hardned Apostates who tasted of the heavenly Gift and have been made pertakers of the Power of the World to come who turned from the heavenly Gift delivered to them who made Shipwrack of that Faith which God gave them and put away a good Conscience which they once had who have trampled the Blood of the Covenant under Foot whereby they were sanctified who are grown past feeling whose Conscience is seared with a hot Iron such having sinned out the day of Gods tender Visitation unto them they are as Trees twice dead plucked up by the Roots whose end is to be burned Wells without Water Clouds without Rain carried about of Tempests wandring Stars for whom is reserved the mist or blackness of Darkness forever Enoch the seventh from Adam Prophesied of these c. the Apostle Peter and Paul and Jude write of these in their several Epistles as may be read at large Though these like Balaam the Enemy of God and of his People should desire to dye the death of the Righteous and have their latter end like his which is to enter into the Kingdom of God and sit down in Peace and Rest in it yet can they not enter therein seeing they have refused rejected done despite unto and what they can trampled upon that blessed Gift which God hath given to lead thereinto Again the Disciples of Jesus said unto him Declare unto us the Parable of the Tares of the Field he answered and said unto them He that soweth the good Seed is the Son of man the Field is the World the good Seed are the Children of the Kingdom but the Tares are the Children of the Wicked the Enemy that sowed them is the Devil the Harvest is the end of the World the Reapers are the Angels Again Christ spake a Parable and said Behold a Sower went forth to Sow and when he sowed some Seeds fell by the High-way side and the Fowls came and devoured them up some fell upon Stony places where they had not much Earth and forth-with they sprang up but because they had not deepness of Earth when the Sun was up they were scorched and because they had not Root they withered away and some fell among Thorns and they sprung up and choaked them but others fell in good Ground and brought forth Fruit some an hundred Fold some sixty Fold some thirty Fold And Jesus said Hear ye therefore the Parable of the Sower when any one heareth the Word of the Kingdom and understandeth it not then cometh the wicked one and catcheth away that which was sown in his Heart this is he which received Seed by the way side but he that received the Seed into Stony places the same is he that heareth the Word and anon with Joy receiveth it yet hath he not Root in himself but dureth for a while for when Tribulation or Persecution ariseth because of the Word by and by he is offended he also that received Seed among the Thorns is he that heareth the Word and the cares of this World and the deceitfulness of Riches choak the Word and he becometh Vnfruitful But he that received the Seed into the good Ground is he that in an honest and good Heart having heard the Word keeps it and brings forth Fruit with patience see Matth. 1. Luke 8. 15. Again The Kingdom of Heaven is like unto a Net that was cast into the Sea which when it was full they drew to Shore and gathered the good into Vessels but cast the bad away so shall it be at the end of the World the Angels shall come forth and sever the Wicked from among the Just and shall cast them into the Furnace of Fire there shall be Weeping and Wailing and Gnashing of Teeth Again Jesus spake a Parable and said A certain man made a great Supper c. and sent his Servant at Supper-time to say to them that were bidden Come for all things are now ready and they all with one consent began to make excuse the first said unto him I have bought a piece of Ground I must needs go and see it I pray thee have me excused and another said I have bought five Yoke of Oxen I go to prove them I pray thee have me excused and another said I have married a Wife and therefore I cannot come c. And he said that none of those which were bidden shall taste of my Supper see Luke 14. 16. to the 24. verse And Jesus said Whosoever doth not bear his Cross and come after me cannot be my Disciple Again Whosoever he be of you that forsaketh not all that he hath he cannot be my Disciple verse 27. 33. Note Reader the Seed that is sown in ALL these several sorts of Ground is of ONE and the SAME Nature to wit good as it is written The Righteousness which is of Faith speaketh on this wise Say not in thy Heart Who shall ascend up to Heaven that is to fetch Christ from above or who shall descend into the deep to bring Christ up again from the Dead or who shall go beyond the Sea to fetch the Word unto us that we may hear it and do it but what saith it The word is NIGH THEE even in thy Heart and in thy Mouth that thou mayst do it see Deut. 30. 11 12 13 14 15. Rom. 10. 6 7 8. This good Seed is sown on all these several sorts of Grounds for ONE and the same cause or end even that it might take deep Root in all and bring forth Fruit in all and the Lord God in mercy to all Men and Women doth put them in a condition give them a time in which it is possible for this Word the good Seed to take deep Root in their Hearts and to bring forth Fruit INALL some thirty some sixty some an hundred Fold He can as he hath promised take away the Stony Heart and renew a right Spirit and Mind God makes none of these Grounds evil or bad but the Devil doth it but God can change them from evil or bad into the good he can cut them out of the wild Olive and plant them in Christ the true Vine But it is not wholly impossible that men and women through their Self-willfulness Sloathfulness Negligence Presumption and Carelesness may turn away their Hearts and Minds from the Voice of the living powerful Word of God and so give up their Hearts Minds and Ears to the Devil who led Adam and Eve into Sin against God they were placed in the Paradise of God in the likeness of God which is Holiness and Purity it was possible that they might have stood in that glorious state wherein God set them but it was NOT impossible that they could fall from that state God cannot fall or change in God and Christ ONLY is infallibility that which is
saith Rom. 6. 16. Know ye not that to whom ye yield your selves servants to obey his servants ye are to whom ye obey whether of Sin unto Death or of Obedience unto Righteousness And further saith Gal. 6. 7. If you live after the Flesh you shall dye but if ye through the Spirit mortifie the deeds of the Body ye shall live he that sows to the Flesh shall of the Flesh reap Corruption but he that sows to the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap Life Everlasting Now who reads what is here written with a spiritual Understanding may see that John's Saying if we say we have no sin c. doth not prove that he was THEN AN ACTUAL SINNER though it doth shew that the little Children who stood in some relation to him as aforesaid had not yet over grown all sin as we have EXPERIENCE in this Day of Gods mighty Power wherein he is making his People WILLING and also ABLE to forsake Sin and the Devil who is the author of it and we do say there is a TIME which is given by the Lord God to Mankind to see their sins and a time to be made truly Sorrowful for them and UNFEIGNEDLY TO REPENT and to be forgiven in the Name of the Lord Jesus Christ who tasted Death for EVERY MAN and a TIME to grow up IN Christ into Dominion over Sin and the Devil who is the Author of it so that we say this Work is wrought GRADUALLY in men women people are not so soon converted washed and cleansed from all their sins as they come to the sight of them but there is a STRONG Spiritual Combat or Warfare to be known after man is convinced of his sin before he be WHOLLY dead to it and redeemed from it and the Devil who is the Author of it and all who believe in the Spiritual and Divine Light of Christ which sheweth them their sins and PATIENTLY wait THEREIN they will see this Work wrought in order to their Salvation though they first sow in Tears they shall certainly afterwards reap in Joy and though their Temptations Troubles and Sorrows may be many God will certainly deliver them out of them all J. B. As for thy interpretation of John's Words that is He that is born of God doth not commit Sin It is Unscriptural Unreasonable and Ungodly it is not the holy Scriptures nor the Greek Copies which thou callest the Original that is thy Rule for this thy Ungodly Writing and Perverting of John's Words but thy own Wicked Dark and Sinfull Imaginations I desire thou may find a place of Repentance and so forgiveness at Gods hand and cease from such Ungodly Work as this for if thou do not God will reward thee according to thy Ungodly Deeds and the Cup which thou must drink as the reward of thy Work will be Bitter John saith In this is the Children of God made manifest and the Children of the Devil whosoever doth not Righteousness is not of God But thou arguest That the born of God do commit sin which is Blasphemy but seeing this is thy Ungodly Opinion that the born of God doth commit sin I say the born of the Devil doth no more but commit sin so here thou put'st not a right difference betwixt the Righteous and the Wicked and so thou art not God's Minister or Mouth to the People but in these thy Ungodly Interpretations of the holy Scriptures thou art the Minister and Mouth of the Father of Lyes who hath led people into sin who tellest them they must never come out of it on this side the Grave Thus thou and many others have made agreement with Death and a Covenant with Hell for Term of Life and if you do not know this Covenant broken by Christ Jesus and by him be led out of sin your Reward will be Miserable in the World to come but we greatly desire your Unseigned Repentance and Salvation What a Wild Distracted Interpreter of the holy Scriptures is this J. B If he go on to interpret the rest of the Commands of God and Christ as he hath done these Commands to be Perfect Holy c. what Mad Work will he make it appears it is not the Scriptures of Truth nor the Spirit of God that must be his Rule but rather the Temptations of the Wicked One which hath large room in his Unbelieving Heart as this Ungodly Plea doth largely manifest Gods Command is Thou shalt do no Murder Now according to J. B's Wild Interpretation of the before-mentioned Commands he may say Those who are born of God may or must Murder But they may not Murther with that allowance that some other Murderers do or they must not do so much Murder as some others do Again God saith Thou shalt not Steal But J. B. may say by his Mad Rule of arguing they may or must Steal but they who are born of God may not or must not Steal with that allowance that others who are not born of God do or they must not stteal so much as such do And after this his Ungodly way of arguing he may deal thus with the rest of the Commands of God and Christ J. B. to strengthen thy Plea for the Devil and Sin which is his Work thou mentionest Paul's Words who said That which I would not do that do I. Answ Paul and all the Saints who did and do wait diligently upon God did and do grow from one degree of Grace unto another and Paul did grow up in Christ unto a better and stronger State He said I am Crucified with Christ c. I live yet not I but Christ lives in me and the Life that I now live in the Flesh I live by the Faith of the Son of God And he said I can do all things through Christ that strengthneth me And he said I have fought a good fight I have kept the Faith c. And he said The Law of the Spirit of Life in Christ Jesus hath set me Free from the Law of Sin and Death Thus it doth appear that he did out-grow those Weaknesses which he doth mention in the 7th Chapter to â—he Romans see Chap. 8. J. B. saith David brake the sixth and seventh Commandment Answ I say David repented bore the Righteous Judgments of God for so doing and did so no more and was forgiven he did not say that he must continue breaking the commands of God all his dayes as many of the Priests and Professors of England and other Nations do he prayed to God to cleanse him from his secret Sins and from Blood guiltiness and God heard his Prayer and did so and it is written that David turned not aside from any thing that God commanded him all the dayes of his Life save only in the matter of Vriah the Hittite 1 Kings 15. 5. David is said to be a man after God's own Heart 1 Sam. 13. 14. So he was before he committed that great Sin in the case of Vriah and his
Isa 48. 18. Blessed are they who do his Commandment that they may have right to the Tree of Life may enter in through the Gate into the City for WITHOUT are Dogs and Sorcerers and Whoremongers and Murderers and Idolaters and whosoever loveth and maketh a LYE Rev. 22. 14. Christ prayed for his Disciples saying I pray not that thou shouldst take them out of the world but that thou shouldst PRESERVE them FROM the EVIL John 17. 15. Again when he taught them to Pray he said Pray thus Deliver us FROM ALL EVIL c. And Jesus said Whatsoever ye shall ask in my Name that will I do that the Father may be glorified in the Son John 14. 13. The Apostle John saith And whatsoever we ask we receive of him because we keep his Commandments and do those things that are pleasing in his sight c. And he that keepeth his Commandments DWELLETH IN HIM and he IN him And hereby we know that he abideth IN US by the Spirit which he hath given us 1 John 3. 22 24. see also John â—â— 23. Again Jesus said All things whatsoever ye shall ask in Prayer believing ye shall receive Matth. 21. 22. Christ said If ye abide IN ME c. ye shall ask what ye will and it shall be given unto you John 15. 7. Jesus who saith Be perfect c. also saith If a man love me he WILL keep my words and my Father will love him and WE will COME unto him and make OUR ABODE with him he that loveth me NOT keepeth NOT my Sayings c. John 14. 23 24. Again He that hath my Commandments and keepeth them HE it is that LOVETH ME and he that loveth ME shall he beloved of my Father see verse 21. Again Jesus said If ye KEEP my Commandments ye shall abide in my Love even as I have kept my Fathers Commandments and abide in his Love Chap. 15. verse 10. Again the holy Apostle John saith By this we know that we love the Children of God when we love God and KEEP HIS Commandments For this is the love of God that we KEEP his Commandment and his Commandments are NOT GRIEVOUS 1 John 5. 2 3. Again Circumcision is nothing and Vncircumcision is nothing but the KEEPING the commands of God 1 Cor. 7. 19. God who said unto Abraham I am God All sufficieâ—â— walk thou before me and be thou perfect He said Abraham obeyed my Voice and kept my Charge my Commandments my Statutes and my Laws Gen. 26. 5. And Christ said unto the Rebellious Jews If ye were Abraham's Children ye would do the Works of Abraham Christ saith Every one that is perfect shall be as his Master Luke 6. 4. The Apostle Peter prayed for the Believers that God would make them perfect 1 Pet. 5. 10. Jesus said unto the Rich Young-man If thou wilt be perfect go and sell that thou hast and give to the Poor and thou shalt have Treasure in Heaven and come and follow me see Matth. 19 21. Again he prayed to the Father for his Disciples he said The Glory which thou gavest me I have given them that they may be one even as WE are one I IN them and thou in me that they may be made PERFECT in one see John 17. 22 23. And Jesus said Neither Pray I for these ALONE but for them ALSO that shall believe on me c. verse 21. Note Reader this blessed Prayer of Christ Jesus was and is for or on the behalf of ALL who truly believe in him t his is truly comfortable to all true Believers in this age glory to the Lord God for the same The Apostle said We speak Wisdom among them that are PERFECT not the Wisdom of this world c. but the wisdom of God in a Mystery c. see 1 Cor. 2. 6 7. Again Paul exhorted saying Be PERFECT 2 Cor. 13. 11. The Apostles laboured that they might present every man PERFECT IN Christ Jesus see Col. 1. 28. Paul preached Christ WITHIN the Colossians the hope of Glory verse 27. Again Epaphras who is one of you a Servant of Christ saluteth you alwayes labouring for you fervently in PRAYERS that ye may stand PERFECT and Compleat in ALL the will of God see Chap. 4. verse 12. Again the Apostle gives Testimony to the Inspiration of God which giveth a right understanding of the things of God and to the holy Scriptures c. saying These Gifts are given that the man of God may be PERFECT THROUGHLY furnished unto ALL GOOD WORKS 2 Tim. 3. 16 17. Again the Author to the Hebrews prayed for them That God would make them PERFECT in every good Work to do his Will Heb. 13. 21. Again Strong Meat belongeth to them that are PERFECT so it is rendred in the Margin who by Reason of use have their Senses exercised to discern both Good and Evil Chap. 4. 14. Moses the Man of God said Give ear O ye Heavens and I will speak and Hear O Earth the words of my Mouth My Doctrine shall drop as the Rain my speech shall distil as the Dew as the small Rain upon the tender Herb and as the Showers upon the Grass because I will publish the Name of the Lord ascribe ye greatness unto our God he is the ROCK his Work is PERFECT c. a God of Truth and without Iniquity Just and Right is he THEY have Corrupted themselves their spot is not the spot of his Children c. Do you thus requite the Lord O Foolish People Deut. 32. 1 2 3 4 5 6. read the Chapter through see Chap. 31. 27. to the end Reader Many Sweet Heavenly and Comfortable Sayings I have Collected out of the holy Scriptures whereby Gods Love unto all Men and Women is clearly held forth IN CHRIST Jesus the blessed Seed whom God hath promised shall bruise the Serpents Head who brought in the Curse Death and Reprobation by leading Man and Woman into sin Your Sins saith God have with-holden good things from you Jer. 5. 25. Christ is God's free Gift as I have plainly shewed before both unto Jews and Gentiles to be his Salvation to the ends of the Earth he tasted Death for every man as the Apostle saith He is the true Light who lighteth every one that cometh into the World he saith I am the Light of the World he that followeth me shall not walk in Darkness but he shall have the Light of Life He said Believe in the Light that ye may be the Children of the Light as is shewed before The Children of Light are the Children of God for God is Light and in him is no Darkness at all as saith the Apostle 1 John 1. 5. Again Chap. 3. Vers 5 6. John saith unto the Saints concerning Christ Ye know that he was manifest to TAKE AWAY our Sins whosoabideth in him sinneth NOT. Again He is able to save them to the uttermost them that come to God by him Heb. 7. 25. O blessed are all they