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death_n	body_n	good_a	life_n	7,085	5	4.4715	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A12461	The generall historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles with the names of the adventurers, planters, and governours from their first beginning. an⁰: 1584. to this present 1624. With the procedings of those severall colonies and the accidents that befell them in all their journyes and discoveries. Also the maps and descriptions of all those countryes, their commodities, people, government, customes, and religion yet knowne. Divided into sixe bookes. By Captaine Iohn Smith sometymes governour in those countryes & admirall of New England.	Smith, John, 1580-1631.; Barra, John, ca. 1574-1634, engraver.	1624 (1624)	STC 22790; ESTC S111882	354,881	269

easier reformed They beleeue there are many gods which they call Mantoac but of different sorts and degrees Also that there is one chiefe God that hath beene from all eternitie who as they say when he purposed first to make the world made first other gods of a principall order to be as instruments to be vsed in the Creation and government to follow And after the Sunne Moone and Starres as pettie gods and the instruments of the other order more principall First they say were made waters out of which by the gods were made all diversitie of creatures that are visible or invisible For mankinde they say a Woman was made first which by the working of one of the gods conceiued and brought forth children and so they had their beginning but how many yeares or ages since they know not having no Records but onely Tradition from Father to sonne They thinke that all the gods are of humane shape and therefore represent them by Images in the formes of men which they call Kewasowok one alone is called Kewasa them they place in their Temples where they worship pray sing and make many offerings The common sort thinke them also gods They beleeue the immortalitie of the Soule when life departing from the body according to the good or bad workes it hath done it is c●rried vp to the Tabernacles of the gods to perpetuall happpinesse or to Popogusso a great pit which they thinke to be at the furthest parts of the world where the Sunne sets and there burne continually To confirme this they told me of two men that had beene lately dead and revived againe the one hapned but few yeares before our comming into the country of a bad man which being dead and buried the next day the earth over him being seene to moue was taken vp who told them his soule was very neare entering into Popogusso had not one of the gods saued him and gaue him leaue to returne againe to teach his friends what they should doe to avoyd such torment The other hapned the same yeare we were there but sixtie myles from vs which they told me for news that one being dead buried taken vp as the first shewed that although his body had layne dead in the graue yet his soule liued and had travailed far in a long broad way on both sides whereof grew more sweet fayre and delicate trees and fruits then ever he had seene before at length he came to most braue and fayre houses neare which he met his Father that was dead long agoe who gaue him charge to goe backe to shew his friends what good there was to doe to inioy the pleasures of that place which when hee had done hee should come againe What subtiltie so ever be in the Weroances and Priests this opinion worketh so much in the common sort that they haue great respect to their Governours and as great care to avoyde torment after death and to enioy blisse Yet they haue divers sorts of punishments according to the offence according to the greatnesse of the fact And this is the sum of their Religion which I learned by having speciall familiaritie with their Priests wherein they were not so sure grounded nor gaue such credit but through conversing with vs they were brought into great doubts of their owne and no small admiration of ours of which many desired to learne more then we had meanes for want of vtterance in their Language to expresse Most things they saw with vs as Mathematicall Instruments Sea Compasses the vertue of the Loadstone Perspectiue Glasses burning Glasses Clocks to goe of themselues Bookes writing Guns and such like so far exceeded their capacities that they thought they were rather the workes of gods then men or at least the gods had taught vs how to make them which loued vs so much better then them caused many of them giue credit to what wespake concerning our God In all places where I came I did my best to make his immortall glory knowne And I told them although the Bible I shewed them contained all yet of it selfe it was not of any such vertue as I thought they did conceiue Notwithstanding many would be glad to touch it to kisse and imbrace it to hold it to their breasts and heads and stroke all their body over with it The King Wingina where we dwelt would oft be with vs at Prayer Twice he was exceeding sicke and like to dye And doubting of any helpe from his Priests thinking he was in such danger for offending vs and our God sent for some of vs to pray and be a meanes to our God he might liue with him after death And so did many other in the like case One other strange Accident leauing others will I mention before I end which mooued the whole Country that either knew or heard of vs to haue vs in wonderfull admiration There was no Towne where they had practised any villany against vs we leaving it vnpunished because we sought by all possible meanes to winne them by gentlenes but within a few dayes after our departure they began to dye in some Townes twenty in some forty in some sixty and in one an hundred and twenty which was very many in respect of their numbers And this hapned in no place we could learn where we had bin but where they had vsed some practise to betray vs. And this disease was so strange they neither knew what it was nor how to cure it nor had they knowne the like time out of minde a thing specially observed by vs as also by themselues in so much that some of them who were our friends especially Wingina had observed such effects in foure or fiue Townes that they were perswaded it was the worke of God through our meanes and that we by him might kill and slay whom we would without weapons and not come neare them And therevpon when they had any vnderstanding that any of their enemies abused vs in our Iourneyes they would intreat vs we would be a meanes to our God that they as the others that had dealt ill with vs might dye in like sort although we shewed them their requests were vngodly and that our GOD would not subiect himselfe to any such requests of men but all things as he pleased came to passe and that we to shew our selues his true servants ought rather to pray for the contrary yet because the effect sell out so suddenly after according to their desires they thought it came to passe by our meanes and would come giue vs thankes in their manner that though we satisfied them not in words yet in deeds we had fulfilled their desires This marueilous Accident in all the Country wrought so strange opinions of vs that they could not tell whether to thinke vs gods or men And the rather that all the space of their sicknesse there was no man of ours knowne to die or much

of the Bermudas where at last with his company he safely arriued but such was his diligence with his extraordinary care paines and industry to dispatch his businesse and the strength of his body not answering the euer memorable courage of his minde hauing liued so long in such honourable seruices the most part of his well beloued and vertuous life God and nature here determined should euer remaine a perpetuall memory of his much bewailed sorrow for his death finding his time but short after he had taken the best course he could to settle his estate like a valiant Captaine he exhorted them with all diligence to be constant to those Plantations and with all expedition to returne to Virginia In that very place which we now call Saint Georges towne this noble Knight died whereof the place taketh the name But his men as men amazed seeing the death of him who was euen as the life of them all embalmed his body and set saile for England being the first that euer went to seeke those Ilands which haue beene euer since called Summers Iles in honour of his worthy memory leauing three men behind them that voluntarily stayed whose names were Christopher Carter Edward Waters there formerly left as is said and Edward Chard This Cedar ship at last with his dead body arriued at Whit-Church in Dorsetshire where by his friends he was honourably buried with many vollies of shot and the rites of a Souldier and vpon his tombe was bestowed this Epitaph Hei mihi Virginia quod tam cito praeterit Aestas Autumnus sequitur saeuiet inde biems At ver perpetuum nascetur Anglialaeta Decerpit flores florida terra tuas In English thus Alas Virginia's Summer so soone past Autumne succeeds and stormy Winters blast Yet Englands ioyfull Spring with ioyfull showers O Florida shall bring thy sweetest flowers THe honour of this resulution belongs principally to Carter for through his importunity not to leaue such a place abandoned Chard Waters were moued to stay with him and the rest promised w●th all the speed they could againe to reuisit them But the ship once out of sight those three Lords the sole inhabitants of all those Ilands began to erect their little common wealth for a while with brotherly regency repairing the ground planting Corne and such seeds and fruits as they had building a house c. Then making priuy search amongst the creusses and corners of those craggy Rocks what this maine Ocean since the worlds creation had throwne amongst them at last they chanced vpon the greatest peece of Amber-greece was euer seene or heard of in one lumpe being in weight fourescore pound besides diuers other small peeces But now being rich they grew so proud and ābitious contempt tooke such place they fell out for superiority though but three forlorne men more then three thousand miles from their natiue Country and but small hope euer to see it againe Notwithstanding they sometimes fell from words to blowes about meere trifles in one of which fights one of them was bitten with his owne dog as if the dumbe beast would reproue them of their folly at last Chard and Waters the two greater spirits must try it out in the field but Carter wisely stole away their weapons affecting rather to liue amongst his enemies then by being rid of them liue alone and thus those miserable men liued full two yeeres so that all their clothes were neere worne cleane from their backs and their hopes of any forraine releefe as naked as their bodies At last they began to recouer their wits yet in a fashion perhaps would haue cost them dearer then when they were mad for concluding a tripartite peace of their Marachin warre they resolued to frame as good a Boat as they could and therein to make a desperate attempt for Virginia or New found Land but no sooner were they entred into that resolution but they descried a saile standing in for the shore though they neither knew what she was nor what she would they were so ouer-ioyed with all possible speed they went to meet her and according to their hearts desire she proued an English-man whom they safely conducted into their harbour Now you are to vnderstand that Captaine Matthew Somers Nephew and heire to Sir George that returned with his dead body though both he and his Company did their vtmost in relating all those passages to their Countrey-men and aduenturers their relations were beleeued but as trauellers tales till it came to be apprehended by some of the Virginia Company how beneficiall it might be and helpfull to the Plantation in Virginia so that some one hundred and twentie of them bought the pretended right of all the Company and had sent this ship to make a triall but first they had obtained Letters Patents of the Kings most excellent Maiestie Sir Thomas Smith was elected Treasurer and Gouernor heere and Master Richard More to be Gouernor of the Iles and Colony there The first beginning of a Colonie in the Somer Iles vnder the command of Master Richard More extracted out of a plot of Master Richard Norwood Surueior and the relations of diuer's others MAster More thus finding those three men not onely well and lusty but well stored with diuers sorts of prouisions as an Acre of Corne ready to be gathered numbers of Pumpions and Indian Beanes many Tortoises ready taken good store of hogs flesh salted and made in flitches of Bacon were very good and so presently landed his goods and sixty persons towards the beginning of Iuly 1612. vpon the South side of Smiths I le Not long after his arriuall More hauing some priuate intelligence of this Amber-greece tooke first Chard in examination he being one of the three the most masterfull spirit what Amber-greece Pearle Treasure or other Commodities they had found Chard no lesse witty then resolute directly answered Not any thing at all but the fruits of the I le what his fellowes had done he knew not but if they had he doubted not but to finde it out and then hee should know it certainly This he spake onely to win time to sweare his Consorts to secrecy and he would finde the meanes how they should all returne in that ship with it all for England otherwise they should be deceiued of all Till this was effected they thought euery houre an age now for the better conueiance of it aboord they acquainted it to Captaine Dauis master of the ship and one Master Edwin Kendall that for their secrecy and transportation should participate with them Without further ceremony the match was accepted and absolutely concluded the plot laid time and place set downe to haue it aboord But Carter were it for feare the Gouernor at last should know of it to whom so oft they had denied it or that the rest should deceiue him is vncertaine but most certaine it is he reuealed all the plot to Master More To get

matter yet must I sigh and say How oft hath Fortune in the world thinke I brought slauery freedome and turned all diuersly Newfoundland I haue heard at the first was held as desperate a fishing as this I proiect for New England Placentia and the Banke nere also as doubtfull to the French But for all the disasters hapned me the businesse is the same it was and the fiue ships went from London whereof one was reported more then three hundred tunnes found fish so much that neither Izeland man nor Newfoundland man I could heare of hath bin there will go any more to either place if they may go thither So that vpon the good returne of my Vice-Admirall this yeere are gone 4 or 5 sailes and from London as many only to make voyages of profit where from Plimoth as if all the English had bin there till my returne put all their returnes together they would scarce make one a sauour of neere a dozen I could nominate except one sent by Sir Francis Popam though there be fish sufficient as I am perswaded to fraugh yerely foure or fiue hundred Saile or as many as will goe For this fishing stretcheth along the Sea Coast from Cape Iames to Newfoundland which is seuen or eight hundred miles at the least and hath his course in the deepes and by the shore all the yere long keeping their hants and feedings as the beasts of the field and the birds of the aire But all men are not such as they should be that haue vndertaken those voyages All the Romans were not Scipiocs nor Carthagenians Hanibals nor all the Genw●ses Columbusses nor all the Spaniards Courteses had they diued no deeper in the secrets of their discoueries then we or stopped at such doubts and poore accidentall chances they had neuer beene remembred as they are yet had they no such certainties to begin as we But to conclude Adam and Eue did first begin this innocent worke to plant the earth to remaine to posterity but not without labour trouble and industry Noe and his family began againe the second Plantation and their seed as it still increased hath still planted new Countries and one Countrey another and so the world to that estate it is but not without much hazard trauell mortalities discontents and many disasters Had those worthy Fathers and their memorable off-spring not beene more diligent for vs now in these ages then we are to plant that yet are vnplanted for the after liuers Had the seed of Abraham our Sauiour Christ and his Apostles exposed themselues to no more dangers to teach the Gospell then we euen wee our selues had at this present beene as saluage and as miserable as the most barbarous Saluage yet vnciuilized The Hebrewes and Lacedemonians the Gothes the Grecians the Romanes and the rest what was it they would not vndertake to inlarge their Teritories enrich their subiects resist their enemies Those that were the founders of those great Monarchies and their vertues were no siluered idle golden Pharises but industrious Iron steeled Publicans They regarded more prouisions and necessaries for their people then Iewels riches ease or delight for themselues Riches were their Seruants not their Masters They ruled as Fathers not as Titants their people as Children not as Slaues there was no disaster could discourage them and let none thinke they incountred not with all manner of incumbrances And what hath euer beene the worke of the greatest Princes of the Earth but planting of Countries and ciuilizing barbarous and inhumane Nations to ciuilitie and humanitie whose eternall actions fills our Histories Lastly the Portugals and Spaniards whose euer-liuing actions before our eies will testifie with them our idlenesse and ingratitude to all posterities and the neglect of our duties in our pietie and religion We owe our God our King and Countrey and want of Charitie to those poore Saluages whose Countrey wee challenge vse and possesse except wee be but made to vse and marre what our fore-fathers made or but onely tell what they did or esteeme our selues too good to take the like paines Was it vertue in them to prouide that doth maintaine vs and basenesse in vs to doe the like for others Surely no. Then seeing we are not borne for our selues but each to help other and our abilities are much alike at the houre of our birth and the minute of our death seeing our good deeds or our bad by faith in Christs merits is all we haue to carie our soules to heauen or hell Seeing honor is our liues ambition and our ambition after death to haue an honorable memory of our life and seeing by no meanes we would be abated of the dignities and glories of our predecessors let vs imitate their vertues to be worthily their successors to conclude with Lucretius Its want of reason or its reasons want Which doubts the minde and iudgement so doth dant That those beginnings makes men not to grant Iohn Smith writ this with his owne hand Here followeth a briefe Discourse of the trials of New England with certaine Obseruations of the Hollanders vse and gaine by fishing and the present estate of that happy Plantation begun but by sixtie weake men in the yeere of our Lord 1620. and how to build a fleet of good ships to make a little Nauy Royall by the former Author HE saith that it is more then foure and forty yeeres agoe and it is more then fortie yeeres agoe since he writ it that the Herring Busses out of the Low Countries vnder the King of Spaine were fiue hundred besides one hundred French men and three or foure hundred saile of Flemings The Coast of Wales and Lancashire was vsed by 300 Saile of Strangers Ireland at Beltamore fraughted yeerely three hundred saile of Spaniards where King Edward the sixt intended to haue made a strong Castle because of the straight to haue tribute for fishing Black Rocke was yerely fished by three or foure hundred saile of Spaniards Portugals and Biskiners The Hollanders raise yeerely by Herring Cod and Ling thirty thousand pounds English and French by Salt-fish Poore-Iohn Salmons and Pilchards three hundred thousand pounds Hambrough and the Sound for Sturgion Lobsters and Eeles one hundred thousand pounds Cape Blanke for Tunny and Mullit by the Biskiners and Spaniards thirty thousand pounds That the Duke of Medina receiueth yeerely tribute of the Fishers for Tunny Mallit and Porgos more then ten thousand pounds Lubecke hath seuen hundred ships Hambrough six hundred Emden lately a Fisher towne one thousand foure hundred whose customes by fishing hath made them so powerfull as they be Holland and Zeland not much greater then Yorkeshire hath thirty walled Townes foure hundred Villages and twenty thousand saile of Ships and Hoies three thousand six hundred are Fisher-men whereof one hundred are Doggers seuen hundred Pinkes and Well-Boats seuen hundred Fraud-boats Britters and Tode-boats with thirteene hundred Busses besides three hundred that yeerely fish about

contemplators and those so devoted to pure idlenesse that though they had liued two or three yeares in Virginia lordly necessitie it selfe could not compell them to passe the Peninsula or Pallisadoes of Iames Towne and those witty spirits what would they not affirme in the behalfe of our transporters to get victuall from their ships or obtaine their good words in England to get their passes Thus from the clamors and the ignorance of false informers are sprung those disasters that sprung in Virginia and our ingenious verbalists were no lesse plague to vs in Virginia then the Locusts to the Egyptians For the labour of twentie or thirtie of the best onely preserved in Christianitie by their industry the idle livers of neare two hundred of the rest who liuing neere ten moneths of such naturall meanes as the Country naturally of it selfe afforded notwithstanding all this and the worst fury of the Salvages the extremitie of sicknesse mutinies faction ignorances and want of victuall in all that time I lost but seaven or eight men yet subiected the salvages to our desired obedience and receiued contribution from thirtie fiue of their Kings to protect and assist them against any that should assault them in which order they continued true and faithfull and as subiects to his Maiestie so long after as I did governe there vntill I left the Countrey since how they haue revolted the Countrie lost and againe replanted and the businesses hath succeded from time to time I referre you to the relations of them returned from Virginia that haue beene more diligent in such Observations Iohn Smith writ this with his owne hand Because many doe desire to know the manner of their Language I haue inserted these few words KA katorawines yowo What call you this Nemarough a man Crenepo a woman Marowanchesso a boy Yehawkans Houses Matchcores Skins or garments Mockasins Shooes Tussan Beds Pokatawer Fire Attawp A bow Attonce Arrowes Monacookes Swords Aumouhhowgh A Target Pawcussacks Gunnes Tomahacks Axes Tockahacks Pickaxes Pamesacks Kniues Accowprets Sheares Pawpecones Pipes Mattassin Copper Vssawassin Iron Brasse Silver or any white mettall Musses Woods Attasskuss Leaues weeds or grasse Chepsin Land Shacquohocan A stone Wepenter A cookold Suckahanna Water Noughmass Fish Copotone Sturgeon Weghshaughes Flesh. Sawwehone Bloud Netoppew Friends Marrapough Enemies Maskapow the worst of the enemies Mawchick chammay The best of friends Casacunnakack peya quagh acquintan vttasantasough In how many daies will there come hither any more English Ships Their Numbers Necut 1. Ningh 2. Nuss 3. Yowgh 4. Paranske 5. Comotinch 6. Toppawoss 7 Nusswash 8. Kekatawgh 9. Kaskeke 10 They count no more but by tennes as followeth Case how many Ninghsapooeksku 20. Nussapooeksku 30. Yowghapooeksku 40. Parankestassapoocksku 50. Comatinchtassapooeksku 60. Nussswashtassapooeksku 70. Kekataughtassapooeksku 90. Necuttoughtysinough 100. Necuttwevnquaough 1000. Rawcosowghs Dayes Keskowghes Sunnes Toppquough Nights Nepaww●showghs Moones Pawpaxsoughes Yeares Pummahumps Starres Osies Heavens Okees Gods Quiyoughcosoughs Pettie Gods and their affinities Righcomoughes Deaths Kekughes Liues Mowchick woyawgh tawgh ●oeragh kaqueremecher I am very hungry what shall I eate Tawnor nehiegh Powhatan Where dwels Powhatan Mache nehiegh yourowgh Orapaks Now he dwels a great way hence at Orapaks Vittapitchewayne anpechitchs nehawper Werowacomoco You lie he staid ever at Werowacomoco Kator nehiegh mattagh neer vttapitchewayne Truely he is there I doe not lie Spaughtynere keragh werowance mawmarinough k●katē wawgh peyaquaugh Run you then to the King Mawmarynough and bid him come hither Vtteke e peya weyack wighwhip Get you gone come againe quickly Kekaten Pokahontas patiaquagh niugh tanks manotyens neer mowchick rawrenock audowgh Bid Pokahontas bring hither two little Baskets and I will giue her white Beads to make her a Chaine FINIS OULD VIRGINIA C S Their triumph about him C Smith bound to a tree to be shott to death 1602 C. S. How they tooke him prisoner in the Oaze 1607 C.S. C. Smith bindeth a saluage to his arme fighteth with the King of Pamaunkee and all his company and slew 3 of them C Smith takes the King of Paspahegh prisoner Ao. 1609. A Coniurer Their Idoll A priest Their Coniuration about C Smith 160● A description of part of the adventures of Cap Smith in Virginia A state of 10 Leau●es 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Graven and extracted out of the generall history of Virginia New England and Som̄er Ises by Robert Vaughan C. Smith taketh the King of Pamavnkee prisoner 1608 The Countrey wee now call Virginia beginneth at Cape Henry aistant from Roanoack 60 miles where was Sr. Raleigh's psantation and because the people differ very little from t●em of Powhatan in any thing I have inserted those figures in this place because of the conveniency C.S. King Powhatan com̄ands C. Smith to be slayne his daughter Pokahontas begge his life his thankfullness and how he subiected 30 of their kings reade ● history printed by Iames Reeve ❧ The third Booke THE PROCEEDINGS AND ACCIDENTS OF The English Colony in Virginia Extracted from the Authors following by WILLIAM SIMONS Doctour of Divinitie CHAPTER I. IT might well be thought a Countrie so faire as Virginia is and a people so tractable would long ere this haue beene quietly possessed to the satisfaction of the adventurers the eternizing of the memory of those that effected it But because all the world doe see a defailement this following Treatise shall giue satisfaction to all indifferent Readers how the businesse hath bin carried where no doubt they will easily vnderstand and answer to their question how it came to passe there was no better speed and successe in those proceedings Captaine Bartholomew Gosnoll one of the first movers of this plantation having many yeares solicited many of his friends but found small assistants at last prevailed with some Gentlemen as Captaine Iohn Smith Mr Edward-maria Wingfield Mr Robert Hunt and divers others who depended a yeare vpon his proiects but nothing could be effected till by their great charge and industrie it came to be apprehended by certaine of the Nobilitie Gentry and Marchants so that his Maiestie by his letters patents gaue commission for establishing Councels to direct here and to governe and to execute there To effect this was spent another yeare and by that three ships were provided one of 100 Tuns another of 40. and a Pinnace of 20. The transportation of the company was committed to Captaine Christopher Newport a Marriner well practised for the Westerne parts of America But their orders for government were put in a box not to be opened nor the governours knowne vntill they arrived in Virginia On the 19 of December 1606. we set sayle from Blackwall but by vnprosperous winds were kept six weekes in the sight of England all which time Mr Hunt our Preacher was so weake and sicke that few expected his recovery Yet although he were but twentie myles from his habitation the time we were in the Downes and notwithstanding the stormy weather

wondrous shapes Of bodies strange and huge in growth and of stupendious makes At last they brought him to Meronocomoco where was Powhatan their Emperor Here more then two hundred of those grim Courtiers stood wondering at him as he had beene a monster till Powhatan and his trayne had put themselues in their greatest braveries Before a fire vpon a seat like a bedsted he sat covered with a great robe made of Rarowcun skinnes and all the tayles hanging by On either hand did sit a young wench of 16 or 18 yeares and along on each side the house two rowes of men and behind them as many women with all their heads and shoulders painted red many of their heads bedecked with the white downe of Birds but every one with something and a great chayne of white beads about their necks At his entrance before the King all the people gaue a great shout The Queene of Appamatuck was appointed to bring him water to wash his hands and another brought him a bunch of feathers in stead of a Towell to dry them having feasted him after their best barbarous manner they could a long consultation was held but the conclusion was two great stones were brought before Powhatan then as many as could layd hands on him dragged him to them and thereon laid his head and being ready with their clubs to beate out his braines Pocahontas the Kings dearest daughter when no intreaty could prevaile got his head in her armes and laid her owne vpon his to saue him from death whereat the Emperour was contented he should liue to make him hatchets and her bells beads and copper for they thought him aswell of all occupations as themselues For the King himselfe will make his owne robes shooes bowes arrowes pots plant hunt or doe any thing so well as the rest They say he bore a pleasant shew But sure his heart was sad For who can pleasant be and rest That liues in feare and dread And having life suspected doth It still suspected lead Two dayes after Powhatan having disguised himselfe in the most fearefullest manner he could caused Cap t Smith to be brought forth to a great house in the woods and there vpon a mat by the fire to be left alone Not long after from behinde a mat that divided the house was made the most dolefullest noyse he ever heard then Powhatan more like a devill then a man with some two hundred more as blacke as himselfe came vnto him and told him now they were friends and presently he should goe to Iames towne to send him two great gunnes and a gryndstone for which he would giue him the Country of Capahowosick and for ever esteeme him as his sonne Nantaquoud So to Iames towne with 12 guides Powhatan sent him That night they quarterd in the woods he still expecting as he had done all this long time of his imprisonment every houre to be put to one death or other for all their feasting But almightie God by his divine providence had mollified the hearts of those sterne Barbarians with compassion The next morning betimes they came to the Fort where Smith having vsed the Salvages with what kindnesse he could he shewed Rawhunt Powhatans trusty servant two demi-Culverings a mill-stone to carry Powhatan they found them somewhat too heavie but when they did see him discharge them being loaded with stones among the boughs of a great tree loaded with Isickles the yee and branches came so tumbling downe that the poore Salvages ran away halfe dead with feare But at last we regained some conference with them and gaue them such toyes and sent to Powhatan his women and children such presents as gaue them in generall full content Now in Iames Towne they were all in combustion the strongest preparing once more to run away with the Pinnace which with the hazzard of his life with Sakre falcon and musket shot Smith forced now the third time to stay or sinke Some no better then they should be had plotted with the President the next day to haue put him to death by the Leviticall law for the liues of Robinson and Emry pretending the fault was his that had led them to their ends but he quickly tooke such order with such Lawyers that he layd them by the heeles till he sent some of them prisoners for England Now ever once in foure or fiue dayes Pocahontas with her attendants brought him so much provision that saved many of their liues that els for all this had starved with hunger Thus from numbe death our good God sent reliefe The sweete asswager of all other griefe His relation of the plenty he had seene especially at Warawocomoco and of the state and bountie of Powhatan which till that time was vnknowne so revived their dead spirits especially the loue of Pocahontas as all mens feare was abandoned Thus you may see what difficulties still crossed any good indevour and the good successe of the businesse being thus oft brought to the very period of destruction yet you see by what strange means God hath still delivered it As for the insufficiency of them admitted in Commission that error could not be prevented by the Electors there being no other choise and all strangers to each others education qualities or disposition And if any deeme it a shame to our Nation to haue any mention made of those inormities let them pervse the Histories of the Spanyards Discoveries and Plantations where they may see how many mutinies disorders and dissentions haue accompanied them and crossed their attempts which being knowne to be particular mens offences doth take away the generall scorne and contempt which malice presumption covetousnesse or ignorance might produce to the scandall and reproach of those whose actions and valiant resolutions deserue a more worthy respect Now whether it had beene better for Captaine Smith to haue concluded with any of those severall proiects to haue abandoned the Countrey with some ten or twelue of them who were called the better sort and haue left Mr Hunt our Preacher Master Anthony Gosnoll a most honest worthy and industrious Gentleman Master Thomas Wotton and some 27 others of his Countrymen to the fury of the Salvages famine and all manner of mischiefes and inconveniences for they were but fortie in all to keepe possession of this large Country or starue himselfe with them for company for want of lodging or but adventuring abroad to make them provision or by his opposition to preserue the action and saue all their liues I leaue to the censure of all honest men to consider But We men imagine in our Iolitie That 't is all one or good or bad to be But then anone wee alter this againe If happily wee feele the sence of paine For then we 're turn'd into a mourning vaine Written by Thomas Studley the first Cape Merchant in Virginia Robert Fenton Edward Harrington and I. S. CHAP. III. The Arrivall of the first supply with their

did faile him that should haue giuen fire to that mercilesse Pistoll So not finding that course to be the best they ioyned together to vsurpe the government thereby to escape their punishment The President had notice of their proiects the which to withstand though his old souldiers importuned him but permit them to take their heads that would resist his command yet he would not suffer them but sent for the Masters of the ships and tooke order with them for his returne for England Seeing there was neither Chirurgian nor Chirurgery in the Fort to cur● his hurt and the ships to depart the next day his Commission to be suppressed he knew not why himselfe and souldiers to be rewarded he knew not how and a new commission granted they knew not to whom the which disabled that authority he had as made them presume so oft to those mutinies as they did besides so grievous were his wounds and so cruell his torments few expecting he could liue nor was hee able to follow his busines to regaine what they had lost suppresse those factions and range the countries for provision as he intended and well he knew in those affaires his owne actions and presence was as requisit as his directions which now could not be he went presently abroad resoluing there to appoint them governours and to take order for the mutiners but he could finde none hee thought fit for it would accept it In the meane time seeing him gone they perswaded Master Percy to stay who was then to goe for England and be their President Within lesse then an houre was this mutation begun and concluded For when the Company vnderstood Smith would leaue them saw the rest in Armes called Presidents Councellors divers began to fawne on those new commanders that now bent all their wits to get him resigne them his Commission who after much adoe and many bitter repulses that their confusion which he ●ould them was at their elbowes should not be attributed to him for leauing the Colony without a Commission he was not vnwilling they should steale it but never would he giue it to such as they And thus Strange violent forces drew vs on vnwilling Reason perswading 'gainst our loues rebelling We saw and knew the better ah curse accurst That notwithstanding we imbrace the worst But had that vnhappie blast not hapned he would quickly haue qualified the heate of those humors and factions had the ships but once left them and vs to our fortunes and haue made that provision from among the Salvages as we neither feared Spanyard Salvage nor famine nor would haue left Virginia nor our lawfull authoritie but at as deare a price as we had bought it and payd for it What shall I say but thus we left him that in all his proceedings made Iustice his first guide and experience his second even hating basenesse sloath pride and indignitie more then any dangers that neuer allowed more for himselfe then his souldiers with him that vpon no danger would send them where he would not lead them himselfe that would never see vs want what he either had or could by any meanes get vs that would rather want then borrow or starue then not pay that loued action more then words and hated falshood and covetousnesse worse then death whose adventures were our liues and whose losse our deaths Leaving vs thus with three ships seaven boats commodities readie to trade the harvest newly gathered ten weeks provision in the store foure hundred nintie and od persons twentie-foure Peeces of Ordnance three hundred Muskets Snaphances and Firelockes Shot Powder and Match sufficient Curats Pikes Swords and Morrios more then men the Salvages their language and habitations well knowne to an hundred well trayned and expert Souldiers Nets for fishing Tooles of all sorts to worke apparell to supply our wants six Mares and a Horse fiue or sixe hundred Swine as many Hennes and Chickens some Goats some sheepe what was brought or bred there remained But they regarding nothing but from hand to mouth did consume that wee had tooke care for nothing but to perfect some colourable complaints against Captaine Smith For effecting whereof three weekes longer they stayed the Ships till they could produce them That time and charge might much better haue beene spent but it suted well with the rest of their discretions Besides Iames towne that was strongly Pallizadoed containing some fiftie or sixtie houses he left fiue or sixe other severall Forts and Plantations though they were not so sumptuous as our successors expected they were better then they provided any for vs. All this time we had but one Carpenter in the Countrey and three others that could doe little but desired to be learners two Blacksmiths two saylers those we write labourers were for most part footmen and such as they that were Adventurers brought to attend them or such as they could perswade to goe with them that neuer did know what a dayes worke was except the Dutch-men and Poles and some dozen other For all the rest were poore Gentlemen Tradsmen Serving-men libertines and such like ten times more fit to spoyle a Common-wealth then either begin one or but helpe to maintaine one For when neither the feare of God nor the law nor shame nor displeasure of their friends could rule them here there is small hope ever to bring one in twentie of them ever to be good there Notwithstanding I confesse divers amongst them had better mindes and grew much more industrious then was expected yet ten good workemen would haue done more substantiall worke in a day then ten of them in a weeke Therefore men may rather wonder how we could doe so much then vse vs so badly because we did no more but leaue those examples to make others beware and the fruits of all we know not for whom But to see the justice of God vpon these Dutch-men Valdo before spoke of made a shift to get for England where perswading the Merchants what rich Mines he had found and great service he would doe them was very well rewarded and returned with the Lord La Warre but being found a meere Impostor he dyed most miserably Adam and Francis his two consorts were fled againe to Powhatan to whom they promised at the arrivall of my Lord what wonders they would doe would he suffer them but to goe to him But the King seeing they would be gone replyed You that would haue betrayed Captaine Smith to mee will certainely betray me to this great Lord for your peace so caused his men to beat out their braines To conclude the greatest honour that ever belonged to the greatest Monarkes was the inlarging their Dominions and erecting Common-weales Yet howsoever any of them haue attributed to themselues the Conquerors of the world there is more of the world never heard of them then ever any of them all had in subiection for the Medes Persians and Assyrians never Conquered all Asia nor