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A49337 Of the subject of church power in whom it resides, its force, extent, and execution, that it opposes not civil government in any one instance of it / by Simon Lowth ... Lowth, Simon, 1630?-1720. 1685 (1685) Wing L3329; ESTC R11427 301,859 567

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are the Separate for the Ministry who are set apart by themselves and in Substitution and can produce their Seals and Credentials must first shew and give proof of their own Power derivative and that such was first given them of God deposited in their hands as the common Magazine or Store-house to be dispensed at their wills and discretion as the Harvest requires and the Labourers are sent forth into it and that for whom soever they shall lift up their hands or stretch them out to choose and make Election of shall receive the Holy Ghost the Powers of Sacred Orders or of the Keys in the same act be conferr'd upon them and which can never be prov'd that it was given to the People or Believers in common the gratia gratis data and the gratia gratum faciens the gifts of Sanctification and Edification as they speak as in their own Nature and Extent do not reach to and imply one another always place themselves together in one and the same Subject by any one Necessity whatsoever every man is not wise in the same degree that he is good nor Holy according to his Knowledge Power and Godliness do not still go together no more then do all those other Gifts and Charity mentioned and dislodged by Saint Paul 1 Cor. 12.13 the honest report of those seven Men full of the Holy Ghost and Wisdom did not create them thereby and in the immediate Power and Virtue of it Church-Officers or Deacons till set before the Apostles and they pray'd and laid their hands on them Acts 6. and so in the Consecration of all other Orders So neither do we find under any one Dispensation since the World was that by any one positive superinduced Order and Constitution these Land-marks were removed that the separate Power of the Priesthood was ever laid common promiscuously and indefinitely placed in all Subjects in every one in particular all those that either owned its Use and Power that either pleaded or reaped any benefit by it Before the Law God placed it in and limited it to the Primogeniture the first-born and chief of the Family At the first giving and under the Law he brought it into lesser compass and subjected it in Aaron and his Family in Succession And our Saviour Jesus Christ ascending upon high and giving his Gifts unto Men when to plant and propagate his Church throughout the whole World he had rent indeed the Veyl of the Temple in sunder at his Death taken down the Partition-Wall betwixt Jew and Gentile the inclosure was laid open and the Aaronical Priesthood had an end but there was still to be Separates for the guiding and conducting Men to Heaven and officiating to that end before God a Priesthood was still to be continued though settled by a new Commission and of another Nature a Power devolved and limited to select special Persons also and not Universal as was to be the Believers And he gave some Apostles and some Prophets and some Evangelists and some Pastors and Teachers for the perfecting of the Saints for the work of the ministry for the edifying of the Body of Christ till we all come in the unity of the Faith and the knowledge of the Son of God unto a perfect Man unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ that we henceforth be no more children tossed to and fro and carried about with every wind of Doctrine by the sleight of men and cunning craftiness whereby they lye in wait to deceive But speaking the truth in love may grow up into him in all things which is the head even Christ from whom the whole body fitly joyned together and compacted by that which every joynt supplyeth according to the effectual working in the measure of every part maketh increase of the body unto the edifying of it self in love Ephes 4.8 11 12 13 14 15 16. Are all Apostles are all Prophets are all Teachers are all workers of miracles have all the gifts of healing do all speak with tongues do all interpret 1 Cor. 12.29 30. or could we admit of that absurder precarious state of Nature contended for by some supposing once an equality in all men and that to all things every one as coming into the world had a right and title to every thing a share and interest in each Benefit Office and Duty and suitably as their Maker was to be publickly served and worshipped so could each one officiate in and discharge the Performance or devolve and transfer his right on whom he please or as occasion a Mistake of the Learned Hugo Grotius himself in his Posthumous work De Imperio summarum potestatum in Sacris cap. 2. sect 4. though the fruit of his earlier and indigested Brain nor is Spalatensis to be acquitted in the point De Repub. Christ lib. 1. cap. 12. yet all this is superseded by an after-positive Institution and which is acknowledged by Grotius in the fore-quoted place and 't is the appointments of our Saviour that is to be our guide and rule especially since himself has put a perpetual Sanction in this our very case and to endure all along with his Kingdom as above Ephes 4. or if the obstinacy of some and such there are will still persist and tell it out That this inclosure was notwithstanding this yet made common and the Power resolved again into the Multitude they are to give Evidence both of the first Translation and after Matter of Fact how it so descended Church-Power nor indeed any other is not a private Presumption secretly infused whether on a Multitude or particular Persons 't is what was once deposited in certain hands the effect whereof is visible in the Succession of Persons deriving the Autority which they claim from the visible act of those Persons that are intrusted with it There must be some known Aera or publick visible date of its issuing out some distinctive mark of its coming some outward badge of its cognizance that the Conscientious Enquirer may receive Satisfaction when demanding in Sincerity what Zedekiah the Son of Chenaanah did of Micaiah in contempt and with reproach Which way went the spirit of the Lord to speak unto thee 1 Kings 22.24 thus to ask a sign had been no more to tempt the Lord then it had been in King Ahaz had he done it Isai 7. but on the contrary a Duty and St. Jerome gives the reason in his Commentaries on that place Tamen jussus ut peteret obedientia debet explere praeceptum therefore because God had commanded and expects it And St. Jerome there goes on and therefore compares Ahab to the Idol-Worshippers who are led by their own fancies that places his Altar in the corners of the Streets in each Mountain and Grove Et pro Levitis habebat Fanaticos non vult signum petere quod praeceptum est for Levites take Fanatiques to officiate in God's Worship such as were not sent nor called as was Aaron a word
Amongst others this was one error of the Novatians that remission is not to be expected from the Priest but from God alone as Socrates tells us Eccl. Hist l. 1. c. 10. and was condemned by the Church amongst his other mistakes Ad exomologesin veniunt per manus impositionem Episcopi Cleri jus Communionis accipiant So Cyprian Ep. 10. they came to Confession and are received into the Church by the laying on of the hands of the Bishop and Clergy And in that Epistle and the eleventh just following he reproves the Presbyters because Nomen offertur Eucharistia datur their readmission and enrollment is granted And not only St. Cyprian but the whole Clergy of Rome ad quos perfidia habere non possit accessum Ep. 55. when not work'd out as since for their perfidiousness concur with him and condemn such se pacem habere dicentes non ab Episcopo who said they had their Peace from Heaven and did not ask it by the Bishops I 'le shut up this Section in the words of our learned Bishop Richard Montague Orig. Eccl. Tom. 1. Pars Poster Sect. 40. Vere penitentes absoluti per verbum Sacerdotis aequè absolvuntur ac si Angelus de Coelo Propheta internuncius imo ipse Deus diceret Remittuntur tibi peccata tua The truly Penitents absolved by the words of the Priest are equally absolved as if an Angel from Heaven with the Message of a Prophet even God himself should say Thy sins are forgiven thee THE last instance of this special Power § XXXIV of the Priesthood is of substituting and deputing others in the same Power for the like Services in the Church and to supply their Mortality to continue the Power in Succession till Christ's coming again And 't is what must be supposed in course and is every ways as necessary as 't is evident that our Saviour at first so design'd it and the Apostles and Bishops ever after have put it in practice otherwise all Church-Officers must have died in the Persons of the Apostles and been buried in their Graves a perpetual Oblivion been put upon them or else which alone could countervail a new Feast of Pentecost come at each Ordination the sending forth every particular Person into the Ministry or which is every ways as unlikely the whole race of Bishops be Cheats and Usurpers at every one of their Consecrations a private spirit of a particular incitation cannot avouch or but recommend to a publick Profession or justifie the Undertakers nor is there any other than one of the two ways to be proposed or that can with any shew be pleaded and the latter no man when considering and in his wits will lay claim unto in pursuance of this it is we are told by Eusebius that when St. John was return'd out of Patmos upon the Death of Domitian the Tyrant who had banish'd him thither he betook himself to the neighbouring Provinces there constituting or ordaining Bishops setting whole Churches in order and placing in the Ministry or lot of the Lord 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 such as either the Spirit of God pointed out unto him or such whom he found suitably qualified with spiritual Gifts whether one or t'other or both ways his own seposition or co-optation into the Office was over and above requir'd Eccl. hist l. 3. cap. 23. and the same course St. Clemens an Apostolical Person in his Epistle to the Corinthians tells us all the Apostles used 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. and our Apostles knowing by revelation through our Lord Jesus Christ that contentions would arise about Episcopacy and for this cause being imbued with perfect knowledge they constituted approv'd men to be Bishops and Deacons to these they gave Rules and Prescriptions and Power to continue the Succession and that other approv'd men succeed in the place of such as dye and receive their Office and Ministry so that not only the matter of Fact but the reason and necessity of it that it must be so is here declared this Power is it thus to be propagated and carried on by transmission and devolution from hand to hand in the Succession every one deriving it from his Predecessor who was himself so visibly stated in the Power otherwise no security of the Power at all Contentions and Dissatisfactions would arise concerning Church Orders and no test or rule left to sedate and compose them the Priests of Jeroboams Order have equal Plea as those of the Sons of Aaron and every one that will may consecrate himself and which Succession if once visibly and notoriously lost without a new Indentment and Mission in general and upon a course of Miracles avouched or else a single particular Miracle upon the head of every one when coming into these Offices together with the hands there lay'd on or what else soever it is they do unto him all Church Power must fall to the ground that there is in it any thing of Heaven cannot be made to appear to any particular Person Mr. Calvin therefore when he first set up for a Lecturer at Geneva having allow'd this Succession quite lost and seemingly at least lamenting of it Fateor optandum est ut valeret continua Successio ut functio ipsa quasi per manus traderetur as is to be seen in his Epistle to the King of Polonia And the same thing is done by his Successor Theodore Beza in his fifth Epistle to one Alamannus and in his Tractatus de Minist Evang. Grad cont Saraviam ad cap. 2. lib. 1. finding their People must be at a loss and enquiring whence their publick Call and Ministry as if they did not they had reason enough for to do For vindicating themselves they there tell them that they were immediately call'd and sent by God extraordinarily commissioned as were the Prophets and holy Men of old Abram Moses and Samuel as was Christ Jesus himself and that they came as signally into Geneva to reform it as he did into the Temple turning out the Money-changers and purging it as were the Apostles and Evangelists So Calvin in express words again Institut lib. 4. cap. 3. Sect. 4. Alios tres nimirum Apostolos Prophetas Evangelistas initio regni sui Dominus suscitavit suscitat etiam imerdum prout temporum necessitas postulat Quamquam non nego Apostolos postea quoque vel saltem eorum loco Evangelistas interdum excitavit Deus ut nostro tempore factum est talibus enim qui Ecclesiam ab Antichristi defectione reducerem opus erat c. and all this is what pure necessity and the present distress put them upon 't is what was to follow in course and by the same force of consequence that one absurdity comes upon the neck of another they had knock'd their own Bishop o th' head and disown'd all other of the Christian world in whom alone the Power of giving Orders was lodged and to whose hands confined and this so acknowledgedly that