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poland_n though_o always_o elective_a yet_o have_v be_v successive_o in_o the_o same_o family_n from_o father_n to_o son_n or_o at_o least_o from_o father_n to_o daughter_n or_o other_o relation_n from_o the_o year_n 830_o to_o the_o year_n 1674_o which_o be_v from_o piastus_n his_o reign_n to_o the_o election_n of_o the_o late_a king_n john_n sobieski_n except_o only_o the_o five_o month_n that_o henry_n of_o valois_n reign_v i_o mean_v henry_n iii_o of_o france_n who_o be_v kill_v by_o a_o monk_n to_o evince_v this_o your_o grace_n may_v be_v please_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o last_o of_o the_o family_n of_o piastus_n in_o a_o direct_a line_n be_v the_o princess_n hedwigis_fw-la who_o marry_v jagello_n great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n his_o male_a race_n by_o she_o reign_v to_o sigismond_n the_o second_v time_n of_o who_o two_o daughter_n one_o be_v marry_v to_o king_n stephen_n batori_fw-mi his_o successor_n and_o the_o other_o be_v mother_n to_o sigismond_n iii_o who_o with_o 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be_v lawful_o they_o but_o that_o also_o they_o think_v the_o pole_n oblige_v to_o give_v they_o either_o more_o land_n or_o more_o money_n to_o recompense_v the_o several_a kindness_n they_o have_v do_v pope_n they_o hereupon_o the_o pope_n excommunicate_v this_o order_n and_o the_o pole_n under_o command_n of_o their_o king_n march_v direct_o against_o '_o they_o here_o locticus_n make_v a_o eloquent_a speech_n to_o army_n his_o army_n represent_v the_o many_o affront_v and_o injustice_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o a_o little_a sect_n of_o people_n to_o which_o his_o predecessor_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v out_o of_o mere_a goodness_n give_v their_o protection_n when_o banish_v from_o their_o own_o country_n by_o the_o saracen_n then_o he_o enlarge_v upon_o the_o covetousness_n and_o ambition_n of_o this_o order_n and_o conclude_v by_o encourage_v his_o man_n to_o fight_v brave_o and_o not_o suffer_v those_o to_o become_v their_o master_n who_o be_v at_o first_o their_o vassal_n hereupon_o the_o pole_n animate_v by_o this_o speech_n of_o their_o king_n though_o much_o inferior_a in_o number_n to_o their_o enemy_n yet_o fight_v so_o sierce_o and_o brave_o that_o they_o entire_o rout_v the_o teutonic_n order_n order_n and_o kill_v about_o twenty_o thousand_o of_o their_o man_n though_o they_o themselves_o have_v have_v the_o presumption_n to_o affirm_v that_o they_o do_v not_o lose_v above_o five_o or_o six_o hundred_o 131._o among_o the_o wound_a there_o be_v one_o florianus_n szari_n knight_n of_o that_o order_n who_o have_v his_o belly_n open_v with_o a_o scymiter_n and_o his_o gut_n drop_v out_o which_o he_o hold_v up_o with_o his_o hand_n the_o king_n pass_v by_o pity_v he_o whereupon_o the_o knight_n say_v to_o he_o sir_n a_o man_n in_o his_o village_n suffer_v more_o than_o i_o do_v when_o he_o have_v bad_a neighbour_n the_o king_n admire_v at_o this_o die_a man_n thought_n immediate_o cause_v his_o surgeon_n to_o take_v care_n of_o he_o and_o when_o he_o be_v well_o give_v he_o land_n that_o have_v no_o bad_a neighbour_n about_o it_o 78._o this_o vladislaus_n it_o seem_v not_o be_v thorough_o satisfy_v with_o premislus_n his_o right_n to_o transmit_v the_o title_n of_o king_n to_o his_o posterity_n without_o leave_n of_o the_o pope_n send_v a_o ambassador_n to_o his_o holiness_n to_o request_v a_o liberty_n for_o himself_o pope_n and_o his_o queen_n hedwigis_fw-la to_o be_v crown_v which_o be_v forthwith_o grant_v and_o the_o ceremony_n perform_v in_o the_o cathedral_n of_o cracow_n by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n and_o other_o bishop_n in_o the_o year_n 1320._o the_o king_n long_o after_o die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o cracow_n in_o the_o year_n 1333._o 1333._o casimir_n the_o great_a succeed_v his_o father_n locticus_n be_v elect_v in_o the_o year_n 1333_o and_o knight_n reign_v to_o the_o year_n 1370._o he_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o teutonic_n order_n that_o be_v not_o at_o all_o advantageous_a or_o honourable_a to_o the_o polish_v nation_n the_o knight_n be_v thereby_o still_o to_o remain_v in_o possession_n of_o prussia_n dantzic_n and_o pomerania_n notwithstanding_o the_o threaten_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o bull_n of_o excommunication_n this_o casimir_n have_v no_o child_n he_o be_v the_o last_o male_n of_o the_o family_n of_o piastus_n wherefore_o that_o the_o crown_n may_v not_o go_v altogether_o out_o of_o his_o family_n before_o his_o death_n he_o 166._o prevail_v with_o the_o pole_n to_o elect_v charles_n king_n of_o hungary_n his_o own_o sister_n son_n but_o he_o die_v before_o casimir_n his_o son_n lewis_n be_v choose_v the_o pole_n have_v several_a conquest_n time_n conquer_v russia_n but_o it_o be_v never_o enjoy_v peaceable_o till_o casimir_n time_n who_o have_v have_v better_a success_n than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n annex_v it_o as_o a_o province_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n the_o province_n of_o masovia_n be_v likewise_o conquer_v by_o he_o and_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n 135._o the_o pole_n have_v never_o hitherto_o any_o write_a law_n and_o but_o very_o few_o make_v deed_n till_o casimir_n begin_v to_o make_v institution_n name_n judge_n create_v magistrate_n build_v fort_n and_o to_o establish_v a_o better_a oeconomy_n in_o the_o kingdom_n than_o any_o prince_n before_o he_o the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o teutonic_n knight_n seem_v very_o rational_a and_o political_a to_o he_o have_v have_v a_o sensible_a experience_n of_o the_o good_a government_n of_o this_o order_n for_o a_o considerable_a time_n wherefore_o he_o introduce_v their_o law_n into_o poland_n which_o have_v continue_v ever_o since_o and_o be_v call_v the_o magdeburg_n law_n character_n this_o casimir_n be_v a_o very_a lewd_a prince_n but_o withal_o exceed_o liberal_a and_o just_a he_o keep_v a_o jewish_a concubine_n at_o who_o request_n he_o grant_v great_a privilege_n to_o that_o people_n he_o gain_v so_o well_o the_o good_a opinion_n and_o affection_n of_o his_o subject_n that_o he_o be_v style_v the_o father_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o a_o great_a many_o 122._o german_n who_o be_v oppress_v by_o their_o own_o prince_n in_o his_o time_n come_v into_o poland_n and_o have_v ever_o since_o inhabit_v the_o foot_n of_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n the_o daughter_n of_o boguslaus_fw-la duke_n of_o pomerania_n be_v then_o marry_v to_o the_o emperor_n charles_n iu._n casimir_n celebrate_v the_o nuptial_n with_o great_a splendour_n and_o magnisicence_n at_o cracow_n where_o assist_v lewis_n king_n of_o hungary_n sigismond_n king_n of_o denmark_n and_o petrua_n king_n of_o cyprus_n with_o the_o emperor_n and_o many_o prince_n of_o germany_n poland_n and_o other_o country_n valachia_n at_o that_o time_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o republic_n of_o itself_o have_v before_o have_v governor_n which_o they_o call_v hospodar_n the_o last_o of_o which_o be_v dead_a and_o his_o child_n aspire_v to_o the_o same_o dignity_n casimir_n send_v a_o army_n to_o support_v war_n they_o but_o by_o a_o ambush_n of_o the_o valachian_n place_v in_o a_o wood_n be_v entire_o defeat_v casimir_n die_v soon_o after_o this_o of_o a_o fall_n from_o his_o death_n horse_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o cracow_n this_o king_n reign_v thirty_o seven_o year_n and_o live_v sixty_o 102._o he_o be_v surname_v the_o great_a be_v the_o only_a person_n that_o have_v have_v that_o title_n among_o the_o polish_v prince_n not_o because_o he_o have_v gain_v a_o great_a many_o victory_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o beautiful_a structure_n and_o fortress_n he_o have_v build_v as_o likewise_o of_o the_o many_o beneficial_a law_n and_o constituion_n which_o he_o have_v make_v casimir_n be_v the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o family_n of_o piastus_n have_v cause_v his_o own_o nephew_n by_o his_o sister_n 1370._o lewis_n king_n of_o hungary_n to_o be_v elect_v for_o his_o successor_n during_o his_o life-time_n who_o be_v crown_v according_o in_o poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1370_o and_o reign_v 12_o year_n the_o pole_n be_v not_o extraordinary_o well_o satisfy_v with_o he_o be_v a_o foreign_a prince_n and_o therefore_o oath_n oblige_v he_o before_o they_o will_v crown_v he_o to_o take_v a_o 13._o oath_n not_o only_o to_o maintain_v their_o former_a privilege_n but_o also_o to_o enlarge_v they_o for_o hitherto_o the_o successor_n of_o piastus_n have_v almost_o have_v a_o absolute_a power_n in_o poland_n a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o their_o present_a king_n have_v hungary_n after_o some_o time_n lewis_n be_v force_v to_o return_v into_o hungary_n to_o settle_v some_o affair_n there_o when_o he_o leave_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n during_o his_o absence_n to_o his_o mother_n elizabeth_n his_o go_v away_o occasion_v great_a trouble_n for_o the_o russian_n rebel_v and_o the_o lithuanian_n make_v incursion_n into_o the_o very_a heart_n of_o poland_n the_o pole_n also_o be_v divide_v among_o themselves_o they_o can_v not_o endure_v to_o see_v their_o town_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o hungarian_a garrison_n and_o beside_o they_o be_v so_o much_o displease_v with_o their_o king_n be_v leave_v they_o to_o the_o government_n of_o his_o mother_n who_o they_o neither_o love_v nor_o esteem_v that_o they_o send_v to_o acquaint_v he_o that_o they_o think_v it_o honour_n enough_o for_o himself_o to_o govern_v poland_n all_o these_o trouble_n and_o distrust_v soon_o oblige_v the_o king_n to_o return_v into_o poland_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n of_o hungarian_n where_o he_o first_o march_v war_n against_o the_o rebel_n russian_n and_o subdue_v they_o next_o against_o the_o lithuanian_n and_o oblige_v they_o to_o a_o peace_n soon_o after_o which_o he_o die_v and_o be_v death_n bury_v at_o belgrade_n in_o hungary_n in_o the_o 56th_o year_n of_o his_o age_n have_v reign_v 12_o year_n he_o issue_n leave_v two_o daughter_n but_o no_o son_n one_o of_o which_o marry_v to_o sigismond_n the_o emperor_n
the_o right_n honourable_a james_n vernon_n esq_n principal_a secretary_n of_o state_n of_o the_o diet_n or_o parliament_n of_o poland_n and_o other_o court_n of_o judicature_n let._n iu._n to_o the_o earl_n of_o marlborough_n of_o the_o election_n and_o coronation_n of_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n with_o the_o interregnum_fw-la let._n v._o to_o the_o lord_n marquis_n of_o of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o gentry_n and_o slavery_n of_o the_o people_n in_o poland_n where_o the_o genius_n character_n and_o manner_n of_o live_v of_o the_o pole_n be_v relate_v let._n vi_o to_o his_o grace_n the_o duke_n of_o ormond_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o army_n fort_n and_o military_a affair_n in_o poland_n let._n vii_o to_o his_o excellency_n mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr cleverskerk_n ambassador_n from_o holland_n a_o account_n of_o the_o trade_n and_o riches_n of_o poland_n as_o likewise_o of_o the_o city_n of_o dantzic_n let._n viii_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o burlington_n of_o the_o origin_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n and_o the_o succession_n of_o its_o great_a master_n in_o prussia_n and_o in_o livonia_n with_o its_o present_a state_n in_o the_o empire_n let._n ix_o to_o sir_n thomas_n millington_n precedent_n of_o the_o college_n of_o physician_n of_o the_o state_n of_o learning_n of_o natural_a knowledge_n and_o particular_o of_o the_o practice_n of_o physic_n in_o poland_n with_o a_o account_n of_o some_o natural_a thing_n chief_o of_o a_o disease_n in_o the_o hair_n peculiar_a to_o the_o pole_n call_v plica_fw-la polonica_fw-la let._n x._o from_o baron_n blomberg_n his_o highness_n the_o duke_n of_o curland_n minister_n to_o dr._n connor_n give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n family_n strength_n and_o revenue_n as_o likewise_o the_o extent_n and_o product_n of_o his_o territory_n let._n xi_o to_o the_o honourable_a mr._n bridges_n elder_a son_n to_o my_o lord_n chandois_n and_o fellow_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n give_v a_o anatomical_a account_n of_o the_o natural_a cause_n why_o people_n must_v necessary_o die_v of_o old_a age_n alone_o attend_v with_o no_o other_o disease_n let._n xii_o to_o explain_v the_o nature_n of_o curable_a and_o incurable_a wound_n demonstrate_v by_o practical_a observation_n and_o anatomical_a experiment_n the_o small_a number_n of_o wound_n which_o be_v of_o themselves_o absolute_o mortal_a and_o show_v the_o true_a use_n and_o common_a abuse_n of_o styptic_a water_n and_o powder_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o surgery_n a_o catalogue_n of_o such_o author_n as_o have_v be_v consult_v in_o both_o volume_n of_o this_o book_n whereof_o some_o have_v be_v quote_v and_o other_o omit_v on_o account_n of_o consent_n in_o opinion_n pomponius_n mela_n de_fw-fr sarmatiâ_fw-la commentariolus_n hartmanni_n schedii_fw-la de_fw-la sarmatiâ_fw-la aeneas_n silvius_n de_fw-fr poloniâ_fw-la lithuania_n &_o prussiâ_fw-la five_o borussiâ_fw-la martini_n cromeri_fw-la polonia_n alexandri_fw-la guagnini_n rerum_fw-la polonicarum_fw-la sigismundi_fw-la liberi_fw-la baronis_fw-la in_o herberstein_n descriptio_fw-la lithuaniae_fw-la jacobi_n pritusii_n de_fw-fr provinciis_fw-la polonicis_n chronicon_fw-la poloniae_fw-la vincentii_fw-la kadlubâ—â—i_fw-la matth._n de_fw-fr michovia_n chronica_fw-la polonorum_fw-la polonici_fw-la regni_fw-la tredecem_fw-la mutationes_fw-la johannes_n duglossus_n annales_n polonorum_fw-la salomonis_fw-la neugebaveri_fw-la historia_fw-la polonica_fw-la johannes_n herburtus_n à _fw-fr fulstin_n compendium_n historiae_fw-la polonicae_fw-la flosculi_fw-la legum_n polonicarum_fw-la stanislai_n orichovii_n annales_n mariciani_n mattbiae_fw-la ladouli_fw-la constitut_n polon_n compendium_n pastorii_fw-la florus_n polonicus_fw-la johannis_n boteri_fw-la poloniae_fw-la descriptio_fw-la historia_fw-la reformationis_fw-la polonicae_fw-la authore_fw-la stanistao_n lubiensko_n equite_v polono_n stanislai_n krzistanowicksi_fw-la status_fw-la poloniae_fw-la simonis_n starâ—â—volsâ—â—ii_fw-la poloniae_fw-la relation_n historique_n de_fw-fr pologne_n par_fw-fr mons_fw-la hauteville_n hartkâ—â—â—bii_n respublica_fw-la polonorum_fw-la adam_n bremensis_n seculi_fw-la ix_o scriptor_n historia_n ecclesiastic_o alhini_n chronicon_fw-la hornii_n arca_n noae_n historia_fw-la de_fw-la vitâ_fw-la &_o obitu_fw-la sigismundi_fw-la augusti_fw-la heidenstein_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la polonicis_n ab_fw-la exoessii_fw-la sigismundi_fw-la augusti_fw-la dâ—â—â—â—soanorum_fw-la clades_fw-la a_o johanne_n lasicio_n polonâ—â—_n â—â—obâ—â—slaus_n balbinus_n historis_n bohemiae_n 〈◊〉_d historia_n bohemiae_n 〈◊〉_d chronica_fw-la pomeranie_n alberti_fw-la cranzii_n polonicarum_fw-la rerum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d annalâ—â—s_n polon_n 〈◊〉_d i._o regis_fw-la poloniae_fw-la cum_fw-la fragmentl_v 〈◊〉_d vladislai_n boloniâ—â—_n &_o sueciae_fw-la principis_fw-la vita_fw-la casamir_n roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr pologne_n guerre_fw-fr civili_fw-la di_fw-fr poliniae_n di_fw-mi alberto_n viâ—â—ina_n description_n d'_fw-fr vkraine_n par_fw-fr beauplan_n cuerres_n des_fw-fr turcs_n avec_fw-fr la_fw-fr pologne_n histoire_n des_fw-fr cosaques_n &_o leur_fw-fr guerres_n contre_fw-fr la_fw-fr pologne_n la_fw-fr politic_n des_fw-fr polonois_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d diere_z histoire_n des_fw-fr dietes_n philippi_n honorii_n de_fw-fr interregno_fw-la grammatica_fw-la seu_fw-la institutio_fw-la polonice_n linguae_fw-la effata_fw-la regum_fw-la poloniae_fw-la 〈◊〉_d polonica_fw-la book_n print_v for_o daniel_n brown_n and_o abel_n roper_n 1._o four_o treatise_n of_o physic_n and_o chirurgery_n 1._o a_o physico-medical_n essay_n concern_v alkaly_n and_o acid._n 2._o farther_o consideration_n on_o the_o say_a essay_n 3._o a_o new_a light_n of_o chirurgery_n 4._o the_o new_a light_n of_o chirurgery_n vindicate_v from_o many_o unjust_a aspersion_n by_o j._n colebatch_n a_o member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o physician_n 2._o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o gout_n 3._o his_o doctrine_n of_o acid_n in_o the_o cure_n of_o disease_n far_o assert_v in_o which_o be_v contain_v some_o thing_n relate_v to_o the_o history_n of_o blood_n etc._n etc._n 4._o nature_n and_o qualification_n of_o religion_n in_o reference_n to_o civil_a society_n write_a by_o sam._n puffendorf_n counsellor_n of_o state_n to_o the_o late_a king_n of_o sweden_n translate_v from_o the_o original_a the_o present_a and_o ancient_a state_n of_o muscovy_n in_o which_o be_v insert_v all_o thing_n material_a to_o be_v know_v in_o relation_n to_o that_o vast_a country_n with_o several_a sculpture_n and_o a_o new_a map_n a_o new_a map_n of_o poland_n exact_o delineate_v after_o the_o best_a modern_a geographer_n the_o sentient_a and_o present_a state_n of_o â—â—oland_n part_n i._o the_o ancient_a state_n letter_n i._n 〈◊〉_d the_o right_n honourable_a william_n lord_n dartmouth_n 〈◊〉_d the_o origin_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n with_o the_o succession_n and_o remarkable_a action_n of_o its_o first_o duke_n from_o the_o year_n 550_o to_o 830._o my_o lord_n have_v have_v the_o good_a fortune_n some_o year_n since_o to_o meet_v your_o lordship_n at_o venice_n in_o my_o travel_n from_o france_n â—â—hrough_a italy_n and_o germany_n into_o poland_n i_o â—â—ound_v that_o not_o content_v with_o a_o superficial_a â—â—nd_n transitory_a account_n of_o place_n your_o genius_n lead_v you_o natural_o to_o inquire_v not_o only_o into_o the_o government_n law_n and_o character_n of_o the_o several_a nation_n you_o pass_v through_o but_o likewise_o to_o examine_v nice_o into_o their_o maxim_n of_o state_n and_o their_o different_a interest_n and_o this_o that_o by_o discover_v the_o excellency_n of_o some_o of_o their_o constitution_n and_o defect_n in_o other_o you_o may_v like_o a_o wise_a and_o think_v patriot_n admire_v the_o perfection_n of_o our_o own_o government_n goodness_n of_o our_o law_n and_o wisdom_n of_o our_o senate_n whereof_o you_o yourself_o be_v so_o worthy_a a_o member_n my_o lord_n you_o may_v remember_v that_o after_o your_o resolution_n to_o take_v medicine_n as_o well_o as_o my_o small_a skill_n in_o prescribe_v they_o have_v have_v the_o good_a effect_n of_o cure_v your_o lordship_n at_o venice_n of_o that_o acute_a disease_n which_o make_v i_o almost_o despair_v of_o your_o recovery_n i_o leave_v you_o at_o milan_n with_o the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n to_o gather_v strength_n and_o go_v through_o tyrol_n bavaria_n and_o austria_n down_o the_o danube_n to_o vienna_n where_o have_v stay_v for_o some_o time_n to_o see_v the_o emperor_n court_n i_o set_v forward_o with_o some_o nobleman_n of_o poland_n through_o moravia_n and_o silesia_n to_o cracow_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n from_o whence_o in_o eight_o day_n we_o arrive_v with_o a_o numerous_a attendance_n at_o the_o king_n court_n which_o always_o reside_v at_o warsaw_n where_o i_o be_v kind_o receive_v by_o the_o late_a king_n john_n sobieski_n who_o do_v i_o the_o honour_n to_o intrust_v i_o with_o the_o care_n 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their_o enemy_n they_o have_v also_o by_o degree_n enlarge_v their_o country_n by_o vast_a conquest_n and_o render_v it_o several_a time_n the_o most_o formidable_a of_o any_o kingdom_n in_o europe_n they_o have_v likewise_o never_o submit_v to_o any_o foreign_a power_n no_o not_o even_o to_o the_o roman_n by_o force_n they_o have_v also_o hitherto_o inviolable_o maintain_v their_o liberty_n property_n and_o peculiar_a manner_n of_o government_n against_o all_o the_o attempt_n both_o of_o their_o enemy_n abroad_o or_o the_o cabal_n form_v either_o by_o themselves_o or_o their_o king_n at_o home_n and_o i_o believe_v i_o may_v say_v to_o their_o great_a commendation_n that_o they_o be_v the_o only_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n who_o have_v keep_v the_o long_a succession_n of_o king_n without_o subject_v themselves_o either_o to_o a_o despotic_a or_o hereditary_a monarchy_n their_o prince_n be_v now_o as_o most_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v at_o first_o whole_o elect_v by_o the_o 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their_o office_n in_o those_o time_n have_v be_v no_o other_o than_o to_o head_n army_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o to_o boleslaus_n chrobry_n they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o crown_v this_o title_n continue_v from_o the_o year_n 550_o to_o the_o year_n 1005._o when_o the_o emperor_n otho_n iii_o create_v boleslaus_n i._o the_o sixteen_o duke_n of_o poland_n king_n king_n be_v the_o second_o christian_n prince_n that_o have_v govern_v that_o country_n all_o before_o he_o and_o miecislaus_fw-la i._n his_o father_n have_v be_v pagan_n as_o be_v likewise_o the_o pole_n themselves_o till_o the_o ten_o century_n when_o this_o miecislaus_fw-la the_o fifteen_o duke_n of_o poland_n turn_v christian_n in_o the_o year_n 964_o in_o pope_n john_n the_o xiiith_n time_n by_o which_o mean_v his_o son_n boleslaus_n come_v to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o king_n all_o the_o prince_n of_o poland_n may_v be_v divide_v king_n into_o four_o class_n whereof_o the_o first_o and_o last_o be_v of_o different_a family_n the_o second_o and_o three_o of_o but_o one_o in_o which_o the_o crown_n pass_v from_o the_o father_n to_o the_o daughter_n the_o first_o class_n reign_v from_o the_o year_n 550_o to_o the_o year_n 830_o the_o second_o from_o 830_o to_o 1382_o the_o three_o from_o 1382_o to_o 1574_o and_o the_o last_o from_o thence_o down_o to_o our_o time_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o give_v your_o lordship_n some_o short_a account_n of_o the_o succession_n and_o most_o remarkable_a action_n of_o the_o first_o class_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o poland_n from_o the_o year_n 550_o to_o the_o year_n 830._o 550._o lechus_n 8._o son_n of_o anon_o first_o duke_n of_o poland_n as_o i_o say_v before_o found_v this_o nation_n build_v he_o build_v the_o first_o city_n there_o name_v it_o gnesna_n now_o the_o primate_n see_v as_o likewise_o the_o city_n of_o posnan_n capital_a of_o posnania_n it_o be_v uncertain_a how_o many_o govern_v before_o his_o race_n come_v to_o be_v extinct_a and_o there_o be_v great_a contest_v among_o the_o polish_v historian_n about_o his_o successor_n but_o some_o affirm_v that_o he_o order_v by_o his_o last_o will_n like_a alexander_n the_o great_a that_o they_o shall_v elect_v the_o most_o worthy_a person_n among_o they_o visimirus_n visimirus_n his_o 52._o nephew_n be_v thereupon_o choose_v who_o be_v report_v to_o have_v extend_v his_o dominion_n even_o to_o the_o very_a border_n of_o denmark_n and_o to_o have_v build_v a_o very_a great_a ship_n which_o be_v a_o exceed_a terror_n to_o the_o dane_n he_o be_v also_o say_v to_o have_v give_v that_o nation_n a_o great_a overthrow_n by_o sea_n and_o to_o have_v pursue_v his_o victory_n into_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o that_o kingdom_n where_o he_o subdue_v many_o province_n and_o conquesis_n build_v several_a city_n whereof_o one_o be_v wismar_n which_o retain_v his_o name_n to_o this_o day_n in_o one_o battle_n this_o visimirus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v take_v the_o danish_a king_n prisoner_n and_o to_o have_v carry_v he_o into_o poland_n whence_o afterward_o be_v release_v and_o conspire_v together_o with_o the_o swede_n and_o holsatian_o he_o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o poland_n with_o a_o numerous_a army_n but_o be_v soon_o meet_v and_o vanquish_v again_o by_o wisimir_n who_o thereupon_o push_v on_o his_o victory_n so_o far_o as_o to_o reduce_v the_o great_a part_n of_o denmark_n which_o he_o then_o unite_v to_o poland_n in_o opposition_n to_o this_o story_n monsieur_fw-fr pauli_n minister_v here_o from_o denmark_n have_v assure_v i_o that_o the_o pole_n never_o make_v any_o conquest_n in_o that_o country_n which_o may_v give_v some_o exception_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n though_o it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v suppose_v that_o several_a king_n reign_v during_o the_o space_n of_o 150_o year_n there_o be_v so_o much_o time_n between_o the_o begin_n of_o lechus_n his_o reign_n and_o the_o election_n of_o cracus_n however_o to_o gratify_v the_o curiosity_n of_o the_o public_a i_o hope_v i_o have_v not_o do_v amiss_o to_o insert_v it_o since_o i_o withal_o quote_v my_o author_n after_o many_o glorious_a action_n have_v great_o augment_v his_o dominion_n this_o wisimir_n die_v death_n without_o issue_n vapovius_fw-la say_v that_o lechus_n his_o posterity_n reign_v all_o that_o space_n of_o time_n between_o he_o and_o cracus_n be_v 150_o year_n yet_o have_v consult_v all_o their_o historian_n i_o can_v find_v no_o manner_n of_o account_n give_v of_o their_o reigâ—â—_n nor_o of_o the_o government_n of_o poland_n in_o all_o that_o space_n of_o time_n lechus_n his_o issue_n be_v extinct_a it_o be_v certain_a the_o woievod_n people_n elect_v twelve_o woievod_n in_o the_o polish_v language_n captain_n of_o war_n to_o govern_v they_o who_o divide_v that_o country_n into_o twelve_o part_n for_o the_o pole_n stick_v close_o to_o their_o liberty_n will_v then_o by_o no_o mean_n put_v the_o government_n into_o one_o man_n hand_n but_o soon_o after_o these_o depose_v palatine_n disagree_v among_o themselves_o the_o people_n choose_v one_o 700._o cracus_n for_o their_o head_n a_o very_a rich_a and_o popular_a person_n report_v to_o have_v be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o gracchi_n at_o rome_n who_o be_v banish_v into_o this_o country_n by_o king_n ancus_n who_o this_o cracus_n be_v all_o historian_n do_v not_o agree_v the_o polish_v writer_n say_v he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o twelve_o woievod_n but_o the_o etc._n bohemian_n affirm_v he_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o their_o country_n he_o gain_v extreme_o upon_o the_o good_a will_n of_o his_o subject_n for_o he_o soon_o appease_v the_o impend_a storm_n of_o a_o civil_a war_n build_v a_o city_n on_o the_o river_n vistula_n 〈◊〉_d call_v it_o after_o his_o own_o name_n cracow_n and_o transfer_v his_o residence_n from_o gnesna_n thither_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o this_o city_n have_v ever_o since_o
the_o opposition_n of_o the_o lithuanian_n who_o do_v but_o dishonour_v their_o country_n by_o exclude_v a_o piasto_n yet_o they_o ought_v to_o choose_v one_o to_o show_v the_o world_n that_o if_o their_o ancestor_n have_v not_o do_v the_o like_a often_o it_o be_v because_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o avoid_v the_o jealousy_n which_o will_v have_v arisen_a between_o so_o many_o subject_n that_o deserve_v the_o crown_n and_o that_o since_o now_o there_o be_v one_o present_n who_o merit_n be_v not_o to_o be_v question_v they_o ought_v forthwith_o to_o elect_v he_o then_o he_o proceed_v to_o name_n john_n sobieski_n with_o this_o character_n that_o his_o life_n have_v be_v entire_o devote_v to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o state_n which_o even_o while_o he_o be_v speak_v peaceable_o enjoy_v the_o fruit_n of_o his_o late_a victory_n at_o chocim_fw-la and_o further_o that_o this_o present_a happiness_n be_v but_o a_o specimen_fw-la of_o what_o he_o be_v able_a to_o do_v for_o his_o country_n and_o last_o that_o the_o crown_n be_v due_a to_o sobieski_n out_o of_o mere_a gratitude_n and_o acknowledgement_n since_o it_o be_v through_o his_o mean_n that_o they_o sit_v there_o and_o have_v a_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o it_o speech_n the_o gentry_n of_o russia_n be_v influence_v by_o what_o their_o palatin_n have_v say_v immediate_o declare_v for_o sobieski_n who_o be_v a_o native_a of_o their_o province_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o poland_n soon_o follow_v their_o example_n together_o with_o some_o palatinate_v of_o lithuania_n bring_v over_o by_o the_o management_n of_o prince_n radzivil_n vicechancellor_n of_o that_o duchy_n every_o one_o be_v forward_o to_o deserve_v favour_n from_o one_o who_o they_o have_v acknowledge_v for_o their_o prince_n dissent_v the_o great_a general_n of_o lithuania_n be_v high_o displease_v at_o all_o these_o proceed_n leave_v the_o diet_n in_o a_o heat_n and_o together_o with_o his_o friend_n march_v out_o of_o the_o field_n about_o nine_o at_o night_n no_o body_n be_v able_a to_o bring_v he_o back_o hereupon_o he_o immediate_o enter_v protest_v against_o this_o election_n allege_v that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o any_o king_n to_o be_v choose_v without_o the_o common_a consent_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 20_o the_o of_o may_n the_o lithuanian_n return_v into_o the_o field_n but_o retire_v after_o have_v make_v their_o protestation_n against_o this_o election_n whereupon_o several_a senator_n and_o nuncio_n be_v send_v to_o recall_a they_o but_o their_o answer_n be_v that_o they_o be_v go_v to_o deliberate_v upon_o the_o matter_n and_o will_v inform_v they_o of_o their_o resolution_n by_o their_o deputy_n the_o pole_n and_o lithuanian_n who_o have_v espouse_v sobieski_n interest_n forthwith_o command_v the_o bishop_n of_o cracow_n to_o proclaim_v he_o which_o notwithstanding_o this_o prelate_n decline_v wise_o foresee_v the_o disorder_n so_o rash_a a_o election_n may_v occasion_v and_o which_o may_v probable_o end_v in_o a_o civil_a war._n lithuania_n the_o deputy_n of_o lithuania_n arrive_v a_o little_a while_n after_o whereof_o the_o chief_a be_v the_o bishop_n of_o vilna_n brother_n to_o the_o grand_a general_n deliver_v the_o message_n give_v sobieski_n the_o title_n only_o of_o grand_a marshal_n yet_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o his_o discourse_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v his_o vote_n for_o he_o but_o desire_v the_o proclaim_v he_o may_v be_v defer_v till_o next_o day_n to_o the_o end_n the_o lithuanian_n may_v assist_v at_o it_o and_o thereby_o the_o election_n become_v unanimous_a which_o request_v of_o his_o be_v ready_o grant_v whereupon_o the_o 21_o st_z of_o may_n andrew_n trzebicki_n bishop_n of_o cracow_n who_o preside_v at_o the_o diet_n in_o the_o room_n of_o the_o primate_n czartoriski_n just_a then_o decease_v which_o happen_v very_o well_o for_o sobieski_n the_o primate_n have_v be_v no_o friend_n of_o his_o go_v with_o the_o senator_n before_o the_o new_a prince_n to_o the_o place_n of_o election_n where_o they_o be_v meet_v by_o the_o lithuanian_n with_o their_o general_n patz_n at_o their_o head_n who_o be_v too_o politic_a not_o to_o assist_v there_o with_o his_o whole_a family_n john_n sobieski_n be_v soon_o after_o proclaim_v 1674._o and_o the_o gentry_n proceed_v to_o sing_v te_fw-la deum_fw-la in_o the_o cathedral_n of_o warsaw_n end_v the_o day_n with_o usual_a acclamation_n and_o rejoice_n this_o prince_n be_v descend_v of_o a_o noble_a and_o ancient_a family_n though_o none_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a nor_o rich_a in_o the_o kingdom_n his_o father_n father_n james_n sobieski_n be_v castellan_n of_o cracovia_n a_o person_n no_o less_o eminent_a for_o his_o ability_n in_o affair_n of_o state_n than_o renown_v for_o his_o courage_n and_o conduct_n in_o the_o field_n he_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o year_n 1621._o as_o ambassador_n and_o plenipotentiary_n upon_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n which_o by_o his_o prudence_n and_o address_n be_v honourable_o conclude_v with_o sultan_n osman_n he_o distinguish_v himself_o likewise_o on_o many_o other_o important_a occasion_n and_o after_o several_a other_o great_a service_n faithful_o perform_v for_o his_o country_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1646._o mother_n his_o mother_n be_v one_o of_o the_o daughter_n of_o stanislaus_n zolkiewski_n grand_a chancellor_n and_o grand_a general_n of_o the_o crown_n who_o brave_o fight_v that_o memorable_a battle_n at_o cicora_n on_o the_o 10_o of_o september_n 1620_o and_o though_o he_o be_v again_o five_o time_n attack_v by_o the_o turk_n on_o the_o 2d_o of_o october_n in_o the_o same_o year_n yet_o he_o gallant_o repulse_v they_o till_o at_o last_o be_v overpower_v with_o number_n and_o forsake_v by_o his_o follower_n he_o be_v slay_v courageous_o fight_v among_o the_o thick_a troop_n of_o his_o enemy_n travel_n this_o prince_n be_v careful_o educate_v by_o his_o parent_n in_o his_o youth_n and_o send_v to_o travel_v into_o france_n where_o his_o father_n buy_v he_o a_o captain_n of_o horse_n commission_n which_o gain_v he_o great_a experience_n he_o also_o travel_v into_o england_n germany_n and_o italy_n where_o have_v observe_v all_o the_o different_a manner_n interest_n law_n military_a discipline_n strength_n and_o policy_n of_o those_o people_n and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o else_o that_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n to_o learn_v in_o his_o travel_n he_o at_o last_o return_v home_o when_o casimir_n after_o several_a trial_n both_o of_o his_o valour_n and_o discretion_n and_o admire_v at_o his_o great_a merit_n and_o quick_a part_n which_o he_o have_v improve_v so_o well_o both_o in_o language_n science_n and_o military_a accomplishment_n make_v he_o first_o a_o colonel_n of_o foot_n and_o afterward_o captain_n of_o his_o guard_n and_o from_o thence_o advance_v he_o gradual_o through_o all_o the_o post_n of_o his_o army_n till_o he_o arrive_v at_o be_v grand_a marshal_n of_o the_o crown_n in_o the_o room_n of_o lubomirski_n and_o grand_a general_n of_o poland_n in_o the_o room_n of_o potoski_n he_o behave_v himself_o in_o all_o these_o employment_n with_o that_o courage_n and_o prudence_n as_o become_v a_o soldier_n and_o be_v repute_v the_o hero_n of_o his_o age_n and_o the_o terror_n of_o the_o ottoman_a empire_n marriage_n he_o marry_v mary_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr grange_n daughter_n to_o the_o marquis_n of_o arquien_v not_o long_o since_o make_v cardinal_n of_o the_o family_n of_o la_fw-fr grange_n in_o nivernois_n in_o france_n she_o by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o king_n casimir_n queen_n to_o who_o she_o be_v maid_n of_o honour_n be_v first_o marry_v to_o prince_n zamoiski_n one_o of_o the_o great_a palatine_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o after_o his_o death_n to_o the_o grand_a general_n sobieski_n by_o who_o she_o have_v several_a child_n and_o among_o the_o â—â—est_n three_o hopeful_a prince_n the_o elder_a of_o which_o have_v the_o honour_n to_o be_v brother-in-law_n to_o the_o emperor_n king_n of_o spain_n king_n of_o portugal_n and_o to_o the_o duke_n of_o modena_n by_o marry_v one_o of_o the_o princess_n of_o neuburgh_n this_o prince_n be_v not_o crown_v till_o above_o fifteen_o month_n after_o his_o election_n during_o which_o time_n he_o gain_v great_a advantage_n over_o the_o turk_n and_o force_v they_o to_o a_o peace_n at_o zorowna_n whereby_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o remit_v the_o yearly_a tribute_n stipulate_v for_o by_o king_n michael_n but_o be_v still_o to_o be_v leave_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o fortress_n of_o caminiec_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o election_n he_o be_v please_v generosity_n to_o promise_v of_o his_o own_o free_a will_n and_o motion_n that_o the_o queen-dowager_n shall_v be_v provide_v for_o suitable_o to_o her_o high_a quality_n and_o extraordinary_a merit_n as_o also_o that_o the_o arrear_n of_o the_o army_n shall_v be_v
do_v likewise_o the_o elector_n of_o hanover_n the_o bishop_n of_o heidelsheim_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o munster_n for_o we_o pass_v through_o some_o skirt_n of_o their_o territory_n i_o must_v take_v notice_n to_o your_o lordship_n that_o pass_v through_o a_o part_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o hanover_n country_n we_o receive_v news_n that_o count_n koningsmark_n a_o swede_n think_v to_o have_v be_v familiar_a with_o the_o princess_n of_o hanover_n the_o elector_n daughter-in-law_n be_v make_v away_o with_o at_o that_o court_n and_o never_o hear_v of_o since_o at_o last_o we_o arrive_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o december_n at_o wesel_n a_o fortify_v town_n belong_v to_o the_o e._n of_o brandenburg_n upon_o the_o border_n of_o the_o rhine_n near_o six_o day_n journey_n from_o brussels_n the_o elector_n of_o bavaria_n with_o his_o court_n come_v hither_o to_o receive_v his_o princess_n but_o the_o river_n be_v full_a of_o great_a flake_n of_o ice_n he_o can_v not_o pass_v it_o in_o two_o day_n but_o at_o last_o be_v impatient_a to_o see_v his_o bride_n he_o venture_v over_o in_o a_o little_a boat_n with_o prince_n chimay_n elector_n baron_n simeoni_n and_o two_o or_o three_o more_o of_o his_o courtier_n i_o happen_v to_o be_v in_o the_o room_n when_o he_o come_v in_o alone_a by_o way_n of_o the_o back_n stair_n and_o salute_v his_o princess_n with_o all_o the_o tender_a expression_n of_o joy_n and_o affection_n and_o after_o have_v spend_v about_o half_a a_o hour_n with_o she_o in_o compliment_n he_o turn_v to_o the_o ambassador_n and_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o company_n and_o thank_v we_o all_o for_o the_o trouble_v and_o fatigue_n of_o so_o long_a a_o journey_n then_o he_o and_o the_o princess_n with_o the_o ambassador_n and_o embassadress_n withdraw_v into_o another_o room_n where_o they_o pass_v about_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n a_o great_a many_o other_o of_o the_o elector_n retinue_n come_v in_o so_o that_o the_o court_n be_v very_o numerous_a at_o nine_o of_o the_o clock_n at_o night_n and_o thus_o the_o elector_n pass_v till_o ten_o of_o the_o clock_n than_o go_v to_o sup_v abroad_o and_o immediate_o after_o supper_n come_v to_o wait_v on_o the_o princess_n again_o and_o about_o one_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n he_o leave_v she_o and_o go_v to_o bed_n to_o his_o inn._n he_o come_v to_o her_o the_o next_o morning_n to_o make_v his_o court_n and_o to_o desire_v her_o consent_n that_o the_o marriage_n may_v be_v consummate_v that_o night_n which_o be_v according_o do_v he_o send_v a_o courier_n after_o midnight_n to_o the_o king_n his_o father-in-law_n to_o acquaint_v he_o therewith_o the_o next_o morning_n there_o be_v a_o rich_a hungarian_a suit_n of_o clothes_n give_v he_o to_o wear_v that_o day_n from_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n value_v at_o 30000_o rix_n dollar_n it_o be_v a_o long_a coat_n of_o crimson_a velvet_n the_o button-hole_n set_v with_o clasp_n of_o massy_a gold_n and_o a_o waistcoat_n of_o cloth_n of_o gold_n set_v with_o diamond_n button_n and_o a_o girdle_n of_o fine_a turkey_n leather_n wrought_v with_o gold_n with_o massy_a gold_n clasp_v likewise_o set_v with_o jewel_n a_o scimitar_n with_o the_o handle_n rich_o adorn_v with_o diamond_n and_o ruby_n and_o a_o emerald_n ring_n of_o great_a value_n with_o a_o rich_a zibelin_n muff._n in_o the_o afternoon_n we_o all_o journey_n past_a the_o river_n and_o next_o day_n the_o baggage_n follow_v all_o the_o coach_n the_o king_n guard_n and_o most_o of_o the_o retinue_n return_v back_o into_o poland_n for_o by_o the_o article_n of_o marriage_n no_o body_n be_v to_o stay_v with_o she_o except_v two_o page_n two_o woman_n and_o a_o she_o dwarf_n the_o elector_n guard_n and_o coach_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n to_o receive_v the_o princess_n she_o go_v through_o antwerp_n to_o mecklin_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o brussels_n where_o we_o arrive_v after_o two_o month_n journey_n on_o the_o 12_o the_o of_o january_n i_o need_v not_o acquaint_v your_o lordship_n with_o all_o the_o preparation_n make_v here_o by_o his_o highness_n for_o the_o reception_n of_o his_o electoress_n nor_o of_o the_o present_v he_o give_v to_o her_o retinue_n nor_o the_o opera_n and_o comedy_n purposely_o make_v for_o the_o solemnity_n of_o her_o marriage_n i_o will_v only_o say_v that_o i_o never_o see_v a_o genteeler_n court_n better_a order_n more_o formality_n more_o variety_n of_o dress_n nor_o the_o punctilio_n of_o honour_n and_o courtesy_n more_o strict_o observe_v there_o be_v great_a rejoice_n all_o the_o first_o week_n until_o the_o court_n receive_v the_o unwelcome_a news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o our_o late_a queen_n mary_n sometime_o afterward_o have_v leave_v the_o care_n of_o the_o princess_n health_n to_o monsieur_n pistorini_n the_o elector_n physician_n i_o take_v my_o leave_n of_o her_o highness_n and_o go_v for_o holland_n from_o whence_o i_o arrive_v at_o london_n in_o the_o month_n of_o february_n in_o the_o year_n 1694_o 5._o sister_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v no_o near_a relation_n except_o one_o sister_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o that_o duke_n radzivil_n who_o write_v in_o latin_n his_o travel_n into_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o describe_v the_o pyramid_n of_o egypt_n he_o have_v be_v dead_a several_a year_n and_o his_o duchess_n die_v at_o warsaw_n in_o my_o time_n what_o small_a reputation_n i_o get_v in_o that_o country_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o physic_n be_v by_o her_o death_n for_o when_o i_o arrive_v at_o warsaw_n the_o physician_n king_n make_v i_o consult_v with_o all_o the_o physician_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v about_o ten_o concern_v her_o disease_n his_o majesty_n first_o physician_n be_v dr._n ionas_n a_o italian_a and_o profess_a jew_n for_o your_o lordship_n must_v understand_v that_o in_o poland_n particular_o at_o court_n religion_n be_v no_o objection_n against_o any_o person_n especial_o a_o physician_n since_o the_o king_n at_o his_o coronation_n promise_v to_o protect_v four_o religion_n the_o roman_a which_o he_o must_v seem_v to_o be_v of_o himself_o the_o protestant_n the_o greek_a and_o that_o of_o the_o jew_n i_o examine_v the_o princess_n disease_n and_o find_v it_o be_v a_o ague_n foment_v by_o a_o abscess_n in_o the_o liver_n which_o make_v she_o vomit_v up_o all_o that_o she_o take_v i_o think_v her_o case_n very_o desperate_a though_o her_o ordinary_a physician_n make_v no_o account_n of_o it_o think_v it_o be_v only_o a_o ague_n which_o the_o constant_a use_n of_o jesuit_n powder_n will_v infallible_o cure_v i_o discover_v they_o be_v not_o acquaint_v with_o the_o inward_a cause_n of_o her_o disease_n be_v not_o verse_v in_o anatomy_n wherefore_o i_o desire_v that_o most_o of_o the_o learned_a gentleman_n at_o court_n will_v be_v present_a to_o hear_v their_o reason_n and_o i_o dr._n ionas_n who_o speak_v first_o give_v his_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v no_o fear_n and_o that_o she_o shall_v persist_v only_o in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o bark_n with_o which_o they_o have_v cram_v she_o for_o three_o month_n before_o all_o the_o rest_n follow_v his_o opinion_n i_o speak_v last_o and_o sum_v up_o all_o their_o argument_n to_o compare_v they_o with_o her_o distemper_n and_o declare_v against_o their_o method_n and_o intimate_v that_o i_o believe_v she_o can_v not_o live_v long_o let_v they_o change_v their_o method_n ever_o so_o much_o for_o the_o better_a this_o alarm_v the_o whole_a court_n in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n the_o physician_n assure_v the_o contrary_a and_o urge_v that_o i_o be_v a_o stranger_n to_o the_o climate_n and_o to_o the_o princess_n constitution_n and_o disease_n and_o they_o promise_v in_o a_o little_a time_n though_o some_o of_o they_o begin_v to_o be_v dissident_n to_o set_v she_o upon_o her_o leg_n again_o notwithstanding_o she_o grow_v worse_a and_o worse_o every_o day_n and_o die_v in_o a_o month_n time_n in_o the_o 62_o d_o year_n of_o her_o age._n the_o queen_n order_v she_o to_o be_v open_v and_o three_o bishop_n be_v present_a but_o none_o of_o the_o physician_n will_v come_v but_o myself_o we_o find_v not_o only_o a_o abscess_n in_o her_o liver_n but_o likewise_o a_o great_a many_o square_a stone_n like_o dice_n in_o her_o gall_n bladder_n and_o other_o stone_n in_o one_o of_o her_o kidney_n beside_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o gravel_n in_o her_o liver_n which_o grate_v and_o crumble_v its_o whole_a substance_n into_o putrid_a matter_n issue_n this_o princess_n leave_v only_o a_o son_n and_o a_o daughter_n duke_n radzivil_n her_o son_n marry_v a_o relation_n of_o prince_n sapieha_n and_o her_o daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o prince_n lubomirski_n duke_n radzivil_n tell_v i_o that_o he_o travel_v here_o in_o england_n when_o king_n james_n ii_o be_v
they_o to_o flight_n this_o victory_n be_v thus_o lucky_o obtain_v gedeminus_n prosecute_v it_o into_o the_o very_a heart_n of_o prussia_n where_o he_o find_v nothing_o able_a to_o withstand_v he_o except_o only_o the_o two_o castle_n of_o ragneta_n and_o cilza_n but_o which_o nevertheless_o he_o take_v in_o a_o short_a time_n afterward_o have_v make_v a_o miserable_a havoc_n in_o that_o country_n as_o also_o total_o regain_v his_o duchy_n of_o samogitia_n he_o return_v peaceable_o home_o 1304._o in_o the_o year_n 1304_o this_o great_a duke_n have_v a_o quarrel_n with_o some_o of_o the_o russian_a prince_n make_v great_a preparation_n against_o they_o when_o march_v forthwith_o into_o russia_n he_o first_o meet_v and_o fight_v vlodomirus_fw-la duke_n of_o volhynia_n who_o he_o slay_v and_o rout_v his_o whole_a army_n then_o he_o bend_v his_o force_n against_o leo_n duke_n of_o luceoria_n who_o he_o also_o vanquish_v and_o take_v his_o chief_a city_n lutzko_n both_o which_o prince_n be_v thus_o defeat_v make_v he_o absolute_a master_n of_o all_o volhynia_n next_o spring_n be_v tire_v out_o with_o idleness_n he_o carry_v his_o arm_n against_o stanislaus_n duke_n of_o kiovia_n who_o he_o overthrow_v together_o with_o several_a prince_n his_o neighbour_n that_o come_v to_o assist_v he_o with_o this_o victory_n gedeminus_n be_v not_o a_o little_a encourage_v proceed_v and_o take_v most_o of_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o russia_n when_o after_o have_v complete_v a_o glorious_a conquest_n he_o return_v triumphant_o into_o his_o own_o country_n afterward_o gedeminus_n go_v to_o hunt_v about_o five_o mile_n beyond_o the_o river_n wilia_n occasional_o build_v a_o castle_n there_o near_o a_o lake_n and_o a_o city_n name_v it_o troki_n whither_o he_o then_o translate_v build_v his_o court_n from_o kicrnow_n after_o this_o in_o the_o year_n 1305_o gedeminus_n go_v a_o hunt_v again_o towards_o the_o east_n after_o various_a fortune_n become_v great_o fatigue_v with_o that_o sport_n whereupon_o night_n draw_v on_o he_o be_v force_v to_o take_v up_o a_o lodging_n upon_o a_o mountain_n then_o call_v krzyunagora_n now_o turzagoria_n or_o lissa_n where_o soon_o fall_v asleep_a he_o dream_v that_o he_o see_v and_o hear_v roar_v a_o huge_a iron_n wolf_n which_o have_v above_o a_o hundred_o wolf_n of_o the_o same_o mettle_n in_o his_o belly_n which_o roar_v likewise_o after_o a_o amaze_a manner_n whereat_o be_v extreme_o fright_v he_o wake_v and_o next_o morning_n put_v this_o dream_n to_o his_o courtier_n to_o expound_v when_o every_o one_o have_v deliver_v his_o opinion_n a_o different_a way_n at_o last_o a_o pagan_a priest_n name_v ledzieiko_n say_v to_o have_v be_v find_v in_o a_o eagles_n nest_n who_o practice_n be_v to_o foretell_v futurity_n expound_v it_o thus_o the_o iron_n wolf_n quoth_v he_o denote_v a_o strong_a city_n and_o the_o other_o wolf_n in_o his_o belly_n a_o formidable_a multitude_n of_o inhabitant_n hereupon_o he_o immediate_o advise_v gedeminus_n to_o build_v a_o fortify_v city_n and_o castle_n there_o whence_o this_o priest_n come_v to_o have_v the_o name_n of_o radzivil_n that_o be_v a_o counsellor_n to_o build_v vilna_n from_o this_o person_n be_v family_n have_v descend_v a_o great_a many_o famous_a hero_n who_o have_v all_o sufficient_o distinguish_v themselves_o both_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o war._n gedeminus_n be_v easy_o move_v by_o these_o persuasion_n forthwith_o erect_v two_o castle_n near_o that_o place_n one_o on_o a_o high_a hill_n and_o the_o other_o in_o build_v a_o plain_a add_v moreover_o a_o city_n call_v vilna_n from_o the_o river_n wilia_n run_v by_o it_o which_o be_v now_o very_o populous_a and_o capital_a of_o that_o great_a duchy_n to_o which_o city_n he_o not_o long_o after_o transfer_v his_o residence_n from_o troki_n 1306._o in_o 1306_o the_o lithuanian_n have_v have_v intelligence_n that_o the_o pole_n be_v lull_v in_o sloth_n and_o security_n march_v through_o wood_n and_o by-road_n into_o low_a poland_n where_o they_o burn_v and_o plunder_v kalisch_n with_o several_a other_o city_n and_o town_n kill_v the_o old_a people_n and_o child_n and_o carry_v the_o other_o away_o captive_a the_o same_o year_n henry_n de_fw-fr pleczko_n a_o saxon_a great_a master_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n in_o prussia_n surprise_v and_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o gartin_n in_o samogitia_n and_o put_v all_o the_o lithuanian_n find_v therein_o to_o the_o sword_n they_o likewise_o proceed_v in_o this_o war_n by_o help_n of_o the_o german_n and_o after_o have_v total_o destroy_v the_o district_n of_o karsovin_n return_v with_o great_a number_n of_o spoil_n and_o captive_n into_o prussia_n 1307._o in_o 1307_o the_o lithuanian_n make_v a_o irruption_n into_o siradia_n and_o kalisch_n where_o do_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o mischief_n they_o sudden_o return_v into_o their_o own_o country_n 1308._o in_o 1308_o olgerdus_n son_n of_o gedeminus_n march_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o prussia_n where_o he_o make_v havoc_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n wherever_o he_o come_v carrying_z off_z likewise_o great_a booty_n these_o favour_n the_o lithuanian_n and_o prussian_n do_v frequent_o and_o alternative_o for_o one_o another_o within_o the_o space_n of_o few_o year_n in_o 1315_o the_o lithuanian_n surprise_v the_o territory_n 1315._o of_o dobrina_n where_o they_o make_v great_a devastation_n and_o likewise_o take_v the_o city_n of_o that_o name_n and_o burn_v and_o plunder_v it_o in_o 1322_o 1322._o they_o likewise_o enter_v livonia_n lay_v all_o waist_n for_o many_o mile_n together_o in_o the_o same_o year_n in_o wintertime_n david_n starosta_n of_o gartin_n not_o be_v discourage_v by_o cold_a destroy_v that_o country_n up_o as_o far_o as_o raval_n carry_v away_o great_a spoil_n and_o many_o prisoner_n afterward_o in_o the_o same_o winter_n they_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o memel_fw-la and_o also_o enter_v prussia_n and_o kill_v the_o comendador_n of_o capion_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n david_n of_o gartin_n likewise_o invade_v masovia_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o entire_o ruin_v a_o great_a many_o town_n and_o village_n 1323._o in_o 1323_o the_o lithuanian_n come_v clandestine_o upon_o dobrina_n again_o and_o do_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o damage_n there_o in_o the_o follow_a year_n the_o starosta_n of_o gartin_n enter_v masovia_n again_o near_o ploczko_n wherein_o he_o destroy_v and_o burn_v above_o one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o village_n thirty_o town_n and_o carry_v away_o about_o four_o thousand_o captive_n whilst_o another_o army_n make_v a_o descent_n upon_o livonia_n and_o serve_v that_o country_n after_o the_o like_a manner_n 1325._o in_o 1325_o ann_n daughter_n to_o gedeminus_n marry_v casimir_n son_n to_o vladislaus_n king_n of_o poland_n by_o which_o all_o that_o have_v be_v former_o take_v from_o the_o polander_n be_v restore_v and_o a_o peace_n conclude_v between_o those_o two_o nation_n afterward_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o fribourg_n belong_v to_o the_o teutonic_n knight_n in_o samogitia_n this_o great_a duke_n gedeminus_n receive_v a_o wound_n with_o a_o arrow_n which_o cost_v death_n he_o his_o life_n this_o prince_n have_v seven_o son_n viz._n montividus_fw-la narimundus_n olgerdus_n keijstutus_n koriatus_n jawnutus_n and_o lubartus_fw-la with_o some_o daughter_n one_o of_o which_o be_v marry_v as_o before_o among_o these_o son_n he_o divide_v his_o dominion_n while_o he_o live_v give_v to_o montividus_fw-la montividus_n his_o elder_a kyernow_n and_o slonim_n with_o the_o territory_n thereunto_o belong_v to_o narimundus_n narimundus_n his_o conquest_n and_o other_o acquisition_n in_o russia_n on_o olgerdus_fw-fr olgerdus_n he_o bestow_v krewo_n and_o all_o from_o thence_o to_o beresina_n to_o keijstutus_n keijstutus_n he_o give_v samogitia_n troki_n witebsko_n etc._n etc._n to_o koriatus_n koriatus_n the_o city_n of_o novogrodec_n with_o its_o territory_n but_o on_o his_o belove_a jawnutus_n jawnutus_n he_o confer_v the_o metropolis_n of_o lithuania_n vilna_n as_o also_o osmian_n and_o braslaw_n together_o with_o the_o supreme_a command_n over_o all_o his_o brother_n dominion_n lubartus_fw-la the_o young_a son_n lubartus_fw-la have_v no_o share_v with_o his_o brother_n because_o by_o his_o marriage_n with_o the_o duke_n of_o russia_n daughter_n in_o his_o father_n life-time_n he_o have_v obtain_v the_o succession_n to_o that_o duchy_n among_o these_o brother_n olgerdus_n and_o keijstutus_n being_n most_o vex_v to_o see_v their_o young_a brother_n jawnutus_n so_o high_o promote_v conspire_v together_o after_o their_o father_n death_n to_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o vilna_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o which_o they_o fix_v a_o certain_a time_n but_o olgerdus_n happen_v then_o to_o be_v absent_a on_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n be_v force_v to_o fail_v of_o his_o appointment_n nevertheless_o keijstutus_n firm_o adhere_v to_o his_o vow_n resolve_v to_o accomplish_v the_o design_n alone_o and_o consequent_o march_v secret_o towards_o vilna_n surprise_v and_o take_v
about_o 100000_o captive_n of_o which_o the_o great_a part_n be_v russian_n the_o moldavian_n and_o valachian_n quick_o return_v home_o but_o the_o turk_n out_o of_o covetousness_n of_o plunder_n stay_v till_o the_o great_a frost_n and_o snow_n surprise_v they_o when_o not_o be_v use_v to_o such_o excessive_a cold_a as_o this_o country_n be_v subject_a to_o above_o 40000_o of_o they_o be_v freeze_v to_o death_n 201._o some_o among_o they_o that_o escape_v be_v force_v to_o cut_v open_a their_o horse_n belly_n and_o thrust_v themselves_o into_o they_o to_o preserve_v their_o natural_a heat_n after_o this_o turk_n john_n albert_n make_v peace_n with_o the_o valachian_n and_o bajazet_n emperor_n of_o the_o turk_n next_o he_o go_v in_o person_n into_o prussia_n to_o oblige_v frederic_n duke_n of_o saxony_n then_o great_a master_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n to_o take_v oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o he_o which_o he_o have_v for_o some_o time_n refuse_v but_o die_v sudden_o at_o thorn_n before_o he_o can_v effect_v death_n his_o design_n albert_n leave_v no_o child_n the_o diet_n think_v fit_a to_o elect_v his_o brother_n 1501._o alexander_n great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n the_o better_a to_o renew_v their_o alliance_n with_o that_o country_n this_o prince_n be_v proclaim_v king_n come_v to_o cracow_n where_o by_o his_o brother_n frederic_n cardinal_n and_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n he_o be_v crown_v in_o the_o year_n 1501_o and_o reign_v only_o five_o year_n but_o the_o archbishop_n 90._o refuse_v to_o do_v the_o like_a office_n for_o his_o queen_n helena_n because_o she_o be_v of_o the_o greek_a church_n be_v daughter_n to_o john_n great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n which_o country_n be_v all_o of_o that_o persuasion_n soon_o after_o that_o he_o be_v crown_v his_o father-in-law_n war_n the_o great_a duke_n make_v war_n upon_o he_o and_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o smolensko_n capital_a of_o a_o large_a province_n of_o the_o same_o name_n but_o alexander_n come_v in_o time_n to_o relieve_v it_o oblige_v the_o muscovite_n to_o make_v peace_n for_o six_o year_n in_o his_o time_n also_o the_o moldavian_n and_o tartar_n make_v eruption_n into_o poland_n but_o be_v beat_v back_o with_o great_a loss_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v say_v there_o be_v kill_v only_o of_o the_o tartar_n in_o that_o action_n near_o 20000._o the_o king_n be_v not_o in_o person_n at_o this_o victory_n he_o then_o lie_v sick_a at_o vilna_n capital_a death_n of_o lithuania_n where_o he_o die_v soon_o after_o and_o be_v bury_v in_o that_o city_n character_n 356._o he_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a stature_n have_v a_o long_a visage_n and_o black_a hair_n be_v very_o strong_a build_v but_o exceed_v dull-witted_a and_o consequent_o but_o a_o little_a talker_n he_o exceed_v all_o his_o brother_n in_o generosity_n and_o be_v wont_n to_o delight_n much_o in_o musician_n and_o such_o trifle_a artist_n nevertheless_o this_o his_o liberality_n be_v general_o esteem_v but_o prodigality_n insomuch_o that_o some_o be_v so_o hold_v as_o to_o say_v that_o he_o die_v in_o time_n or_o else_o both_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n may_v have_v be_v lavish_v away_o to_o prevent_v the_o like_a pernicious_a generosity_n for_o the_o future_a 90._o the_o diet_n make_v a_o law_n call_v it_o statutum_n alexandrinum_n by_o which_o they_o revoke_v all_o this_o king_n be_v profuse_a gift_n alexander_n leave_v no_o child_n and_o but_o two_o brother_n the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n die_v before_o he_o 1507._o sigismond_n be_v prefer_v to_o vladislaus_n king_n of_o hungary_n and_o bohemia_n either_o because_o the_o gentry_n be_v more_o affect_v to_o he_o be_v breed_v among_o they_o or_o by_o reason_n they_o be_v afraid_a of_o vladislaus_n great_a power_n he_o be_v elect_v at_o petricovia_n in_o the_o year_n 1507_o and_o reign_v forty_o one_o year_n when_o sigismond_n leave_v his_o government_n of_o lithuania_n to_o come_v into_o poland_n he_o substitute_v one_o glinski_n a_o great_a â—â—avourite_n of_o the_o late_a king_n be_v in_o his_o room_n etc._n this_o palatin_n have_v great_a authority_n among_o the_o lithuanian_n become_v so_o ambitious_a as_o to_o think_v of_o make_v himself_o absolute_a which_o conceal_v for_o a_o good_a while_n at_o length_n he_o agree_v with_o basilius_n great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n to_o allow_v he_o his_o share_n of_o that_o province_n in_o case_n he_o will_v afford_v he_o his_o assistance_n which_o proposal_n the_o great_a duke_n be_v please_v with_o ready_o consent_v to_o and_o with_o all_o expedition_n dispatch_v away_o a_o army_n to_o glinski_n but_o as_o such_o great_a design_n be_v not_o army_n to_o be_v carry_v on_o without_o great_a noise_n and_o suspicion_n sigismond_n come_v soon_o to_o hear_v of_o this_o treacherous_a enterprise_n whereupon_o draw_v up_o all_o his_o force_n to_o oppose_v the_o intend_a invasion_n he_o meet_v and_o defeat_v their_o army_n ravages_n and_o destroy_v their_o country_n and_o at_o last_o oblige_v they_o to_o sue_v for_o peace_n which_o he_o not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n grant_v war_n afterward_o the_o valachian_n and_o tartar_n make_v incursion_n into_o russia_n and_o poland_n he_o force_v they_o to_o return_v home_o with_o great_a loss_n the_o muscovite_n likewise_o make_v war_n upon_o he_o a_o second_o time_n and_o take_v the_o city_n of_o smolensko_n with_o all_o the_o country_n about_o it_o he_o beat_v their_o army_n in_o several_a engagement_n and_o have_v kill_v in_o all_o above_o 30000_o of_o their_o man_n retake_v smolensko_n and_o make_v they_o accept_v of_o a_o peace_n the_o second_o time_n for_o five_o year_n he_o soon_o after_o marriage_n marry_a buona_n sforza_n daughter_n to_o john_n galeatio_n duke_n of_o milan_n afterward_o he_o make_v order_n war_n with_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o be_v because_o albert_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n his_o sister_n son_n and_o then_o great_a master_n refuse_v to_o take_v a_o oath_n as_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o the_o late_a war_n hereupon_o sigismond_n take_v from_o he_o some_o town_n and_o have_v great_a advantage_n over_o he_o in_o several_a engagement_n but_o however_o albert_n have_v considerable_a succour_n send_v he_o from_o germany_n prolong_v the_o war_n for_o a_o good_a while_n in_o prussia_n about_o this_o time_n martin_n luther_n doctrine_n come_v to_o be_v know_v in_o these_o part_n and_o most_o of_o the_o citizen_n of_o 226._o dantzic_n embrace_v it_o for_o which_o at_o first_o the_o king_n be_v very_o severe_a with_o they_o but_o at_o length_n fear_v that_o to_o preserve_v their_o religion_n they_o may_v side_n with_o the_o teutonic_n order_n against_o he_o he_o grant_v they_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n all_o this_o while_n that_o order_n make_v vigorous_a resistance_n and_o with_o equal_a loss_n on_o both_o side_n fatigue_v the_o polish_v army_n till_o at_o last_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o both_o party_n to_o make_v the_o emperor_n charles_n v._o and_o lewis_n king_n of_o hungary_n arbitrator_n who_o determine_v that_o sigismond_n shall_v relinquish_v to_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n all_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o prussia_n which_o be_v above_o half_a of_o that_o great_a province_n and_o that_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n shall_v mediation_n for_o ever_o enjoy_v it_o as_o they_o have_v actual_o do_v ever_o since_o without_o any_o disturbance_n from_o sigismond_n but_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n as_o duke_n of_o prussia_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n be_v to_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o to_o send_v to_o their_o service_n every_o year_n in_o time_n of_o war_n a_o hundred_o horse_n ready_a equipt_n which_o those_o king_n be_v to_o maintain_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n from_o the_o time_n they_o go_v out_o of_o prussia_n at_o this_o time_n the_o house_n of_o austria_n be_v not_o a_o little_a jealous_a of_o the_o exorbitant_a power_n and_o vast_a dominion_n of_o the_o family_n of_o jagello_n for_o not_o only_a sigismond_n possess_v poland_n the_o great_a dutchy_n of_o lithuania_n smolensko_n and_o severia_n and_o likewise_o all_o the_o country_n between_o the_o euxine_a and_o baltic_a sea_n but_o also_o his_o nephew_n lewis_n son_n of_o vladislaus_n be_v king_n of_o hungary_n bohemia_n and_o silesia_n insomuch_o that_o they_o secret_o raise_v several_a enemy_n against_o they_o whereupon_o the_o muscovite_n moldavian_n and_o tartar_n come_v a_o three_o time_n to_o molest_v poland_n but_o be_v force_v to_o withdraw_v after_o have_v do_v some_o mischief_n about_o this_o time_n solyman_n the_o great_a emperor_n of_o the_o turk_n make_v war_n with_o hungary_n and_o gain_v the_o famous_a battle_n of_o mobac_n where_o king_n lewis_n and_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o army_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o better_a part_n of_o hungary_n subject_v to_o the_o turk_n this_o king_n lewis_n leave_v only_o one_o daughter_n silesia_n which_o be_v