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A45326 The life & death of that renowned John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester comprising the highest and hidden transactions of church and state, in the reign of King Henry the 8th, with divers morall, historicall and political animadversions upon Cardinall Wolsey, Sir Thomas Moor, Martin Luther : with a full relation of Qu. Katharines divorce / carefully selected from severall ancient records by Tho. Baily ... Hall, Richard, 1535 or 6-1604.; Henry VIII, King of England, 1491-1547. Testamentum.; Bayly, Thomas, d. 1657? 1655 (1655) Wing H424; ESTC R230 97,933 254

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they may seem to differ in their agreement the one diligently preached the coming of Christ to be at hand giving notice of Salvation to all that would believe and be Baptized the other as diligently by his continuall Preaching and Writings giving warning to all his Country men of Christs departure from their coasts if like the Gergesites they preferred their owne swine before Salvation Thus did the two Cherubims over the Mercy-seat which seemed opposite to one another yet both of them mutually beholding the same Arke that stood between them These two with contrary faces mutually beheld the same object to which that was but a perspective Both these dyed for a cause of Matrimony the first for saying to king Herod It is not lawfull for thee to take thy Brothers Wife The second for saying to King Henry it is not lawfull for thee to put away thy Brothers Wife Obj. How shall we reconcile these two assertions and make both them and their assertion good and lawfull Sol. Herod to whom the first so spake and reprehended had taken to his Bed his brothers Wife his Brother living which was repugnant to the Law of God but Henry to whom the second spake as is before rehearsed onely took to Wife his Brothers Wife his Brother being dead having neither issue by nor knowledge of her which by Moses Law in such like cases is not forbidden and therefore easily dispensed with according to the rules of Ecclesiasticall authority And If this be sufficient to shew you how deservedly the name of Iohn was bestowed upon the subject of our story at his Christendome the remainder of the History will let you see how worthily he deserved also to be called Fisher being indeed as indeed he was a true Fisher of Men as after shall appeare His fathers name was Robert Fisher his State sufficient his Reputation among the best his Condition a Merchant the place of his abode within the foresaid Town of Beverly a place where the blessed and glorious Confessour St. Iohn of Beverley Archbishop of Yorke sometimes lived and Preached the Gospel These we may suppose to be the caus●s why the Father gave unto this Son that name as a Looking glasse unto his eye a Spur unto his Feet as Copy for his Hand a consideration too much neglected in these our dayes as if our names were only given us for distinction sake or civill use and not as obligations unto Christian piety This Robert Fisher after he had lived many yeares in good estimation and credit amongst his neighbours dyed leaving behinde him this Iohn Fisher of whom we treat and a younger Sonne who bare his Fathers name both in their tender age Their Mothers name was Anne who in processe of time marryed one Wright by name by whom she had three Sonnes Iohn Thomas and Richard and one Daughter which was called Elizabeth which afterwards was a professed Nunne in Dartford and yet these three Sonnes together with a Husband that was living no way stood between her and the Piety which she owed unto the dead as that she any way neglected the former two but gave them the best education as the expences of those L●gacies which the deceased Parent had provided for them in that behalfe that could be had in order whereunto as soon as ever they were capable of Learning they were put to School and committed to the care and custody of a Priest of the said Colledg Church of Beverly being a Church which of antient time hath been richly endowed with Land and possessions there this Iohn Fisher among other children was first taught his letters and the rudiments of Grammer where he continued not many yeares but the bladeing of the Field soon informed the labouring Husbandman of the gratefulnesse of the Earth to which he had committed with so liberall a hand so great a trust which appearing daily more and more the counsell of his friends at last thought it fitting to humour so much as in them lay the Genius of so promising a proficient insomuch that like a tender sappling fitted for transplantation he was taken from his nursery to be disposed of in so faire a garden of the muses as was so antient and so flourishing an Vniversity as is that Alma mater which is called Cantabrigia where he was committed to the government of one M● William Melton a reverend Priest and grave Divine afterwards Master of the Colledge called Michael house in Cambridg and Doctor in Divinity Under whom he so profited in few yeares that he became Master of all the Arts before such time as he had received the degree of Batchelour which he received in the yeare of our Lord 1488. and his degree of Master the third year following where being suddenly elected Fellow of that house he was as shortly after chosen Proctour of the University in which space of time according to the ancient Laws and Statutes of his Colledge he took upon him the holy order of Priesthood and now did the Almond tree begin to bud all other Arts and Sciences were but his tooles but this his occupation and no wonder it was that he that went through with his Philosophy so heavenly should be so excellent at the heavenly Philosophy insomuch that his Disputations in Divinity according to the order of the Schools were rather Determinations than Disputes so that in short space he grew to such profoundnesse in those he●venly Mysteri●s that Envy her selfe left canv●sing for Palmes whiles Vertue her companion accounted him the flour of all the University who in his due time proceeded to the degrees of Batchelour and afterwards of Doctor in Divinity which with no small appl●use he atchieved in the year of our redemption 1501. In which interim it hapned that Doctor Melton of whom we before have made some mention was preferred to the dignity of Chancellour of the Cathedrall Church of Yorke whereby the mastership of Michael House in Cambridge became void Whereunto by a most free and willing election of all the Fellowes of that house this man as the most deserving of all other was worthily promoted who by his acceptance made the proverb good Magistratus arguit virum for who more fit to play the Master than he that knew so well how to act the Disciple in which office he demeaned himselfe so worthily that as a mirrour from whence all Governours of other Houses might well take their patterne or resemblance for his worths sake he was soon after chosen Vicechancellour Which office as if one yeare had not grac'd sufficiently so great a worthinesse he was continued in the same office for another yeare and had not his Fame passing the bounds of the University spread it self so far over the whole Realm as that at length it reached the eares of the most Noble and Vertuous Lady Margaret Counte●●e of Richmond Mother to the wife and sage Prince Hen. 7. who hearing of his great Vertue and Learning never ceased till she had wrought him
businesse which w●● no lesse than what the said Percy had said before he en●ouraged her in the prosecution who for some reasons best known unto her self a● she said to the Cardinall better liked of the Marriage of her daughter with the said Lord Percy than if the King should marry her The Cardinall finding a backwardnesse in this Lady that her daughter should be wedded to the King and hearing what fame had formerly spread abro●d con●erning the Kings former familiarity with her gu●shed at the cause and therefore advised her to go unto the King and deale freely with him in that particular lest hereafter she might otherwise repent The Lady takes his advise and addresses her self to the King who communing with him awhile upon that subject between jest and earnest she uttered these words Sir For the reverence of god take ●eed what you do in marrying my daughter for if you record your conscience well she is your own daughter as well as mine The King replied Whose daughter so●ver she is she shall be my Wife But When she proceeded to acquaint him with the Contract and told him how that her daughter and the Lord Percy were already man and wife before God ●olemnly contracted in the presence of s●ch and such the King was exceeding angry and swore by his wonted oath that it was not so and it should not be so and sent immediately for the Lady her self to come before him to whom as soon as ever she came into the presence and before ever she had heard of the business the King with a frowning conntenance said unto her Is it so Nan is it so hoh what say'st thoss to it To what said Anne Bullein Mother of God said the King they say that thou hast promised to marry young Per●y Mrs. Anne nothing at all abashed returns him this answer Sir When I knew no otherwise but that it was Lawfull for me to make such promises I must confesse I made him some such promise but no good subject makes any promises but with this proviso that if his Soveraigne commands otherwise it shall be lawfull for him to obey Well said my own Girle said the King and turniug himself to the Countess he said I told you that there was no such thing Thus you see concerning the first particular the King cared not who he married so that he might be wedded to his own will and concerning the second the King presently after sent for the Cardinall and him for to undo the former kno● with his own teeth enjoyning him to procure his servant to release his Mistress of her engagement which he did CHAP VIII 1. The first occasion of the Cardinalls ruine 2. The King sends divers Orators to the Vniversiti●s beyond the Seas to procure their ass●ntments to the Divorce 3. The return with satisfaction but it proves fruitlesse 4. Embassadours are sent to Rome 5. The Cardinall aspireth to be Pope 6. Ho useth strange meanes to accomplish the same Now it is the Queen● bed must be taken down that her palat may be advanced but from this time forward though the Card. was seemingly forward yet was covertly slow in the prosecution of the Divorce which afterwards proved to be his ruine Wherefore the King was advised by the Cardinalls and the rest of the b●shops as the only way of dispatch to send certaine Orators to forreine Universities as well as to those at home and so without any more ado to rest in their judgements The King having made choice of men fi● for his purpose gave them instructions and sent them several ways to the most renowned Universities of Christendome there to dispute the case viz. whether it was lawfull for a man to marry his brothers wife or not without acquainting them with the particulars either of the former brothers having no carnall knowledge of the said wife or the Popes dispensation thereupon so that by this slight and subtil●y they easily obtained determinations from all the Universities viz. that it was not lawfull whereupon not knowing whose case it was nor the case it selfe rightly the O●atours procured those determinations under the common S●ales of all the forraigne U●iversities whereupon they returned with great triumph to the great contentment of the King who rewarded them highly for their paines and it must not be thought that our Universities at home though they onely understood the case sh●uld be wiser than all the Universities of Christendome All these S●ales were all delivered into the C●rdinalls hand with a strict charge speedily to convene all the Bishops before him and to determine upon the businesse but this quick fire could not make this sweet malt for it was determined by whose means you may easily guesse that although the Universities had thus determined under th●ir Seales yet the businesse was too weighty for them to determine thereupon as of themselv●s without the authority of the Sea Apostolike but they all fell upon this agreement among themselves that Orators should be sent with these Seales of the Universities to Rome to treat with the Pope for procuring his confirmation therein thus the King was shov'd off with another wave from the Shore of his desired purpose With much reluct●ncy and sensibility of the tediousnesse of the delay no other remedy appearing A mbassadours were dispatched in all hast to Rome Cl●ment the seventh being Pope at that time The Ambassadours names were St●phen Gardiner the Kings Secretary Sir Francis Brian Knight one of the Gentlemen of the Kings Pr●vy Chamber Sir Gregory de Cassalel an Italian and Mr. P●ter 〈◊〉 a Venetian who being arrived at Rome having propounded the cause of their coming and rested themselves there awhile letters were come unto them from the King and the● Cardinall with further instructions how to deale with the Pope and to make all possible dispatch that could be made in the businesse But the Ambassadours were not half so hasty in demanding as the Pope was slow in expedition and that by reason of the Gout which then afflicted him and perhaps of an unwillingnesse of the minde as well as a debility of the body the Emb●ssadours by the return of their Letters having made knowne unto the King the Popes slownesse by reason of his great infirmity the Cardinall layes hold upon this occasion and in●ormes the King how that if he were Pope if it should so happen that the Pope should die all should goe well and speedily on his side To this purpose Letters were sent thick and three-fold to Rome both from the King and Cardinall with instructions that they would the more earnestly and often call upon the Pope for a finall determination hoping that he would the more easily be drawn thereto that he might by reason of his paine be rid of their importunity as also that if the Pope should chance to die of this present disease that by all meanes they should devise some way or other how the Cardinall of York should be elected to succeed in his
as Callis 6. The King sends to stop it from coming any further THe Lords were by this time put to their trump● and to use their wits how they might bring this thing to passe wherefore the next morning they sent for Sir Thomas Moore to come to Court and after they had kept them there three houre● waiting upon them they admitted him into their presence and causing the Doore to be close shut they discoursed with him about half an houre the main subject of the discourse being to perswade him to conformity and compliance with the King in these demands and to assure him how gracio●sly thereupon he should be received into the Kings favour and accustomed good opinion of him but all being in vain he was de●ained in s●fe custody within the Court and a strict charg● was given that he should not speak with any man and that none should be permitted to speak to him This being done it was given out that Sir Thomas Moor had taken the O●th so that all men believed it This done they sent for the B●shop of Rochester the same day and urged him very sor●ly to take the Oath of Supremacy saying that he resting himself wholly upon Sir Thomas Moore by whose perswasion he stood out so st●fly against the King had now no reason but to do as he had done who shewing him now the way they all exp●cted him to doe no otherw●se than to fo●low the good example which he had given him and be received unto the like grace and favour with the King as his fellow-prisoner was at that time received the good B●shop hearing as much befor● and now those Lords justifying as much as he had heard believed no less an● seemed to be much troubled thereat and sorrowfull for his sake ●ut in the end he thus spake unto the Lords My Lords I confesse I am a little perplexed at that which you now tell me which is no more than what I have heard already am exceeding sorrowfull that that courage should row be wanting to him which I once thought never would have failed him and th●t constancy had not been an addition to all his other great and singular vertues But I am not a fit man to blame him in regard I was never assaul●●d with those strong temptations 〈◊〉 of and childr●●n the which it 〈…〉 lodgings and it was likewise given out that the Bishop had subscribed to and taken the oath of Supremacy and that he was then conducted to the King to kisse his hand In this interim it hapned that Mrs. Margaret Roper the darling daughter to Sir Thomas Moore one that had much accesse unto the Lords by reason of her great friends and manifold perfections was at the same time at the Councel doore with a Petition in her hand thinking to deliver it unto the Lords in the behalf of her Father to procure him more enlargement within the Tower than what he formerly had enjoyed and hearing of her Fathers being there was resolved to inform her self of the event of that daies Conference which the Lord Chancellour Audely perceiving and knowing her businesse went out unto her and thus thought to perswade how the daughters thimble might prick a needle into the fathers conscience viz. Mrs. Roper I am sorry I can doe you no more service in that which you so earnestly solicite in your fathers behalfe truly Mrs. Roper your father is to blame to be so obstinate and self-will'd in a businesse wherein no man in the whole Realm stands out but onely he and a blinde Bishop and yet that bishop was not so blinde but at the la●● with much adoe we have brought him to see his own error with that Mrs. Margaret gave a spring for joy and asked him Are you sure that my Lord of Rochester hath taken the Oath Yes said the Lord Chancellour and more than that he is now with the King and you will see him at liberty and in great favour with the King then I will warrant you said the poore Gentlewoman that my Father will not hold out Go said the Lord Chancelour and perswade your Father that he doe not before he be brought before us for I wish him well and it is a great pity that such a man as he should be cast away Away goes Mrs. Margaret to her father but could not be admitted to speak with him back she comes to the L. Chan. and procures his warrant of admittance in she comes unto her father tells him all that she heard with a great deal of confidence when her father had heard all that she would say he onely answered her with a soft voice peace daughter my L. of Rochester hath not taken the Oath yes indeed father it is so said his daughtter for my L. Chancelor told me as much with his own mouth who wisheth you well and my L. of Rochest is at liberty and is now with the K. and in great favour Away away you foole said Sir Tho Moore thou are not used to these s●●ights I know the tricks of them all they think to take me in a Poppet snatch but they are deceived and I tell thee more if the Bishop had taken the Oath yet it should never be taken by me A Bishop is a correcter of Vice but no president for Sin After they had had much talk to this and no purpose Sir Thomas Moore was sent for to appeare before the Lords where he was no sooner entred the Room but they all called upon him to do as my Lord of Rochester had done before him all of them using no other arguments but my Lord of Rochester my Lord of Rochester as my Lord of Rochester had shewed him a good example Sir Thomas Moor asked them where my Lord of Rochester was saying that if he could but speak with my Lord of Rochester it may be his motives might induce him to take the Oath they told him that my L. of Roch. was where he might also be viz. with the King if that he would do but as he hath done May I not speak with him said Sir Thomas Moor before I take this Oath They answered that he should speak with him as soon as ever he had taken it but to speak with him before was not so proper because then it would be said he pinn'd his judgement upon anothers sleeve neither would they wish him to desire it in regard that the King would then have cause to thank the Bishop and not him for such his condescention and besides that would be too great a sl●ghting of us that are here in that you will not take our words for such a businesse I pray you then said Sir Thomas Moore let me see his hand if he have subscr●bed That said the Chancelour is carried also with him to the King Then let me tell you said Sir Thomas Moore that I do not believe that my Lord of Rochester hath either subscribed his hand or taken the Oath and if he had done both