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A07270 Vnhappy prosperitie expressed in the histories of Ælius Seianus and Philippa the Catanian· Written in French by P: Mathieu and translated into English by Sr. Th: Hawkins; Aelius Sejanus, histoire romaine. English Matthieu, Pierre, 1563-1621.; T. H. (Thomas Hawkins), Sir, d. 1640.; Matthieu, Pierre, 1563-1621. Histoire des prosperitez malheureuses d'une femme cathenoise, grande seneschalle de Naples. English. aut; Boccaccio, Giovanni, 1313-1375. De casibus virorum illustrium. 1632 (1632) STC 17666; ESTC S112489 161,436 318

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imprisonment of many of them seisure of their goods and his will was executed with such order and diligence that on one and the same day being the foure and twentieth of Ianuarie by one same signall given they were all cast into prison and few dayes after executed Their goods were given to the Knights of the order of Saint Iohn of Ierusalem who at that time possessed themselves of Rhodes by a prettie stratagem Taking of Rhodes by the Knights of Saint Iohn of Ierusalem in the yeare 1309. causing certaine Souldiers to creepe into the Citie in sheepe-skins amongst a flocke of sheepe and the Captaines disguised like Shepherds Charles died a while after in the yeare 1309 three-score yeares of age God blessed this Prince with a plentifull posteritie to afford him alliance with the best and chiefest houses of Christendome The first Charles Martell King of Hungarie Secondly Lewis a religious man of the Order of Saint Francis and Bishop of Tholouse Thirdly Robert Duke of Calabria who succeeded his father Philip Prince of Tarentum married Catharine Empresse of Constantinople daughter to Philip son of Baldwin Emperour of Constantinople and Beatrice of Sicily daughter of Charles the first king of Naples Fourthly Philip Prince of Tarentum Emperour of Greece Fifthly Iohn Prince of Achaia or Morea Sixthly Raymond Berenguer Count of Andria Seventhly Tristram borne during the imprisonment of his father Eighthly Lewis of Duras Ninthly Peter surnamed Tempest Count of Gravina The eldest daughter Margarite married to Charles Count of Valois and mother of Philip of Valois Blanch married to Iames of Arragon Eleonor to Fredericke King of Sicily Marie to Iames King of Majorica Beatrice to the Marquesse of Este afterward to Bertrand of Baux Prince of Orenge Humbert Daulphin of Vienne Wits are purified in adversitie and Princes who have exercised theirs in the calamities of fortune and necessitie have had better successe than others T●●otheus a more fortunate than able man was painted sleeping and Cities which of themselves were taken in an heape on whom Crownes have fallen without labour and Cities even sleeping As Charles the first got not the Crowne of Naples without paine nor preserved it without perill his reputation being raised upon glorious actions of his vertue and constancie So Charles the second maintained not his but by wrastling with Fortune which to ruine him cast him foure yeeres into the power of his enemies Italy afforded him the glorie of its repose and to have preserved it from sinking under the desperate and furious factions of Gwelphes and Gibel●es He lived so well that hee died willingly That you may die contentedly you must not deplore the actions of life There was not any Nation which admired him not nor shall any age faile to record him Robert his third sonne succeeded him by exclusion of the children of his eldest Charles Martell King of Hungarie The disputation of the Vncles precedencie before the Nephues was treated by Baldus The question whether the Vncle should be preferred before the Nephew was disputed before the Pope at Avignon who more considered the age experience and merit of Robert than the right of those in minoritie At his entrance into rule Lewis the second sonne of Robert dieth at nine yeares of age death tooke Lewis his second son from him whom the Catanois had bred whereat hee conceived such sorrow as wee may of a fruit pulled off before maturitie The death of an Infant is a fruit not fallen off but pulled from the tree before the time so that seeing all the hope of his succession rested on the Duke of Calabria his onely sonne he desired in good time to see him a father and for that purpose sought out a wife for him Henrie of Luxenbourg the Emperour offers his daughter to the son of the King of Sicily in the yeare 1312. Henrie the seventh offered him his daughter but he married one of those which the Emperour Albert left and that no man may enter into this Historie who confirmes not the example of the unhappinesse of prosperitie hee may observe his fortune to be remarkable Having gotten the Empire Battell of Worms where Adolphus of Nassau was slaine the eight and twentieth of Iune 1308. not onely by right of election but by armes for hee discomfited and slue in battell Adolphus of Nassau his Rivall ten yeares after in the yeare 1308 he was slaine by his Cousin German neare the Citie of Bruch and as it were in the sight of the Castle of Habspurg the Cradle which bred the first Princes of the house of Austria This young Prince fell into despaire because the Emperour who had many children to provide for denyed to restore him the Seigniorie of Kiburg which was his mothers Necessitie is wittie in ill counsels A Prince young and needy is apt to enter into ill counsels against him who withholds that which would suffice to preserve him from necessitie Three little Cantons revolted against their Governours in the yeare 1308. The first league of three Cantons of the Switzers was made at Brilan the seventh of Decemb. 1325. He died in the time of his purpose to chastise rigorously the three Townes of the Switzers which revolted against those who governed them as subjects of the Empire Three Pesants who had no other use of iron but to pricke forward their Oxen and cleave wood employed it to raise a warlike Common-wealth which hath an hand in all the warres of Christendome drawes money from the most powerfull Christian Princes and hath fought nine battels to secure their libertie He left two and twentie children by Elizabeth of Carinthia Albert had two and twentie children by his wife Elizabeth of Carinthia and although hee had great possessions in Austria Bohemia Alsatia Swevia and Suitzerland there was not enough to afford a Principalitie to each one yet they were all well provided for and the daughters required in mariage by the best Families of Christendome Robert preferred this alliance before that of the Emperour Henrie the seventh and gave to his sonne Charles Duke of Calabria Catharine Princesse of Austria This Prelation offended the Emperour and began their enmitie which was exasperated by the aid Robert gave to the Gwelphes Robert succoureth the Florentines against the Emperour Henrie of Luxenbourg the Emperour condemneth Robert King of Naples to lose his head 1318. and Florentines The Emperour vexed hereat published a Ban declared him a Rebell against the holy Empire condemnes him to lose his head and the Crowne of Naples The condemned onely appeales to his Sword made his judgement be revoked pursued the Emperour who retired into Piemont and pressed him so hard that hee repented to have incensed a brave and masculine courage Never injure him who can take revenge which accounted not the suffering of injuries laudable nor the forgetfulnesse of them profitable The Florentines afterwards to free themselves from such an enemy who never
with his liberty one Kingdome accounted as lost he found another which he expected not Hungary was miserable under Ladislaus and the Nobility enforced to till the ground The Hungarians having put Ladislaus their King to death for his libidinous life and cruelties Charles Martell was crowned King of Hungaria as sonne of Mary sister of Ladislaus But because the sweetest contentments are steeped in the roughest acerbities Charles Martell son of Charles the 2. King of Naples and Mary daughter of Stephen King of Hungary and for that strange accidents succeed unexpected events a Neopolitan Gentleman named Faelix the only Privado in the secrets favours of Charles undertook not to share with him Soveraigne authority which is not divisible All ambition is insatiable for it begins where it should end but to bereave him both of Crowne and life to possesse it himselfe wholly so hard a thing it is for a great fortune to containe it selfe within the limits of reason and to find contentment in ambition An attempt upon the King of Hungary at Villegrad on Easter day pressed on by this fury he assaileth the King on an Easter day sets his sword to his throat and wounds him in the arme Clementia Queene of Hungary daughter of the Emperor Rodolphus the first and mother of Clementia married to Lewis Hutin his couragious wife daughter of the Emperour Rodolphus diverting the blow had foure of her fingers cut his children were saved for the conspiracy was to raise a new house This miserable creature is punished with his complices children and allies in the detestation of so execrable an impiety There cānot too many tortures nor tormentors be mustered up together to punish these horrible assassinates Rigor of punishment in ruining the wicked should terrifie others It is fit the punishment be such that in ruinating the culpable by stroks it may humble the rest by astonishment After the death of Alfonsus King of Arragon Iames and Frederick his brothers sought peace with the Church by the mediation of Charles King of Naples Martin the fourth excommunicateth Peter of Aragon and gives his Kingdome to Charles of Valois offering the confirmation of former treaties They could not make choice of a more powerful intercession for all the Councels of Charles were much esteemed at Rome and his advises honoured yea even in the election of Popes He laboured their absolution It is much more easie to treat with a simple and ignorant man than a wise and a wary and proposed it to Pope Caelestine the fifth who hearing speech of absolving an enemy of the Church refused it as a great scandall because indeed it was a long time since this thunder stroke fell upon the house of Arragon Election of Calestine in a conclave at Peruge in the yeare 1294. He so much feared to erre that he acted nothing but in feare which proceeded from his disproportion to affaires For the truth is the most feasible and facile ever present themselves as rough and obscure to such as understand them not It was the blessed man Petrus Moronus whom Charles had drawen from the Cell He accepteth it by the solicitation of Charles King of Naples to replenish the vacant See the Cardinals having beene two yeeres unable to fall upon an accord in the election But he better understood himselfe than they who had chosen him God requires the greatest account of him to whom hee gives the greatest charge For being much troubled with the care of his owne soule and unwilling to undergoe the charge of others hee tooke his profession into consideration weighed his owne dutie and represented the justice of his Master who being offended is not more sharply displeased with any than him to whom he committeth the mannage of his affaires and of whom he requires a most strict accompt This Example is single There is none but Celestine hath forsaken that which so many thirst after For which cause he pulled off the Myter and threw himselfe into his Hermitage He had beene haled from the port into the storme and now returnes out of the tempest into the haven Hee who cannot live in the day light must abide in the shadow Charles caused him to come to Naples to divert him from this retirement but could not For Cardinall Cajetan of a more unresistable and prevailing spirit making him beleeve hee incurred the hazard of his owne salvation to entertaine a charge any longer whereof he found himselfe uncapable thrust himselfe into his place Cardinall Benedict of Anagnia deceived Pope Celestine and put himselfe into his place at Naples and fearing hee would reassume it againe deprived him of life in prison possessed the See a whole yeare at Naples where during his abode Charles accomplished his negotiation of restoring Iames and Fredericke into the communion of the Church Pope Boniface the eighth consented unto it so they would wholly and without hope of regaining forsake Sicily Princes leave but it is ever with a purpose to have againe They thereunto accorded upon promise made by Charles that he should procure the Count of Valois to renounce the right hee had to the Kingdome of Arragon The fruit of this treatie was the restitution of Sicily the returne of three Princes left Hostages and the marriage of Blanch Princesse of Naples to Iames King of Arragon King Charles conducted his daughter to Barcellon there to behold her husband and to take his three sonnes away with him but of three he had but two Prince Lewis taketh the habit of Saint Francis at Barcellon for the eldest being of the age of one and twentie forsooke both the world and Court and in the midst of the universall joy for peace and solemnities of marriage tooke the habit of Saint Francis in the presence of the King of Naples his father the King of Arragon his father in law Queenes and Princesses It was impossible to divert him from this resolution and that hee might not bee charmed by the Syrens of Court Seneca saith that voyce must be avoyded which Vlysses would not heare but whilst he was fastned to the mast of a ship hee affixed himselfe to the Standard of the Crosse Everie one was much amazed at this alteration for hee was the eldest of his brothers the Crowne of Naples infallibly belonged to him they would have married him to the Princesse of Majorica he left Roses to make a conserve of I hornes Delights for Austeritie and the Court for a Cloyster Hee raised his heart to God upon two wings Simplicitie and Puritie the one is in the intention the other in affection Simplicitie seeketh for God puritie findeth him In this habit After the yeare of probation he presented himselfe to the Convent of Mompelier who refused him lest they might offend the King his father hee on the feast of all Saints made a Sermon shewing all prosperities of the world were but trifles and counterfet gems
voluntario fine praevertitur Tac. his courage counselleth him to prevent a necessary death by a voluntary Sosia was sent into banishment His imprudence and vanity hastned his ruine for he forbare not to boast that Tiberius was bound to him for the Empire and that if the Legions which he commanded in Germany had revolted as the rest he had not long held out This reproach touched the soule of Tiberius to the quicke Clitus was undone for saying Alexander was Master over the lives of the Macedonians Plut. For it destroyed his fortune gave him no share in the prosperous successe of affaires and made it knowne it was not in his power to free himselfe from this obligation Beneficia co usque laeta sunt dum videntur solvi posse ubi multum antevenere pro gratia odium redditur Tac. When the service is so great that it cannot condignely bee rewarded Princes account it not onely as nothing but as an offence hatred possessing the place of recompence and disgrace of thankes It is a safer way to be obliged to a Master than to oblige and the service which cannot bee recompenced makes the servant troublesome In the midst of all this Sejanus sees himselfe so farre removed from his hopes that he redoubleth his speed to arrive thither and by a blinde imprudence gives notice thereof to Tiberius It is true he was forced thereunto by the ordinary exclamations of Livia who ceaseth not to challenge him of his promise to legitimate their loves and to change the title of a Mistresse into that of a wife Sejanus gives her words for effects she growes angry Reason should say to choler what the nurse doth to the child cry not and you shall have it Plut. Sejanus nimia fortunâ secors muliebri cupidine incensus Tac. he appeaseth her she weeps be flatters although reason tels her as Nurses doe children Cry not and you shall have it yet patience is forgotten her heart is like a mine which breaketh with so much the more ruine and noise as it is restrained and inforced He suffers himselfe to be transported by the ambition of this woman who thought to marry the title of Augusta with this husband and so he to please her discovereth her purpose to the Emperour entreating him to give way to this marriage He presenteth his suit and although infinitely favoured brake not the custome to treat with the Prince by writing Caesar paused to the end he might have time to consider of that which was demanded and what he should answer and to make the expedition of affaires more easie for the affluence of them was so great and the City of such extent that it was impossible to satisfie all in an instant Augustus wrote all his answers Serm●n●s èlibello habuit ne plus minusve loqueretur Suet. that he might speake neither more nor lesse than what he had premeditated The subject of his request being bold he presented it with much presumption A fearefull suppliant is the more confidently denied Qui timidè ragat negare docet to beg softly and negligently is to doubt either of the merit of your request or the power of him whom you petition He useth a complement of gratitude and acknowledgement for this good Courtier never began by way of supplication and he thereunto addeth a pernicious flattery protesting he taketh this course to treat of his affaires rather with his Masters than the Gods It was delivered in these termes Spes vota non prius ad principum aures quàm ad Deos Tac. The good which Augustus hath wished me and that you have done for mee in many occasions O Caesar oblige mee not to addresse my vowes and hopes to the eares of the Gods Qui excubias labores ut unus militum pro incolumitate principis mavult haud unquam honorum fulgorem precatur Tac. before I first offer them to yours which importeth thus much as to tell you though I never sought the eminent splendor of honours and that my ambition hath wholly beene to watch and toyle even as the meanest gregarian souldier for your safeguard and weale yet I notwithstanding enjoy this comfort which I value above all the rest to have beene reputed not unworthy the alliance of Caesars by the marriage of my daughter with the sonne of Claudius This is the foundation of my hope Augustus in collocanda filiâ nonnihil de equitibus Romanis consultavit Tac. and forasmuch as I have heard Augustus purposing to marry his daughter had an intention to make choyce of a Roman Knight I humbly intreat if you seeke out one for Livia the widow of your sonne you would be pleased to remember him whom you ever have loved and who therein hath no other aime but the honour of your alliance and not te leave those offices wherewith you have dignified him Satis vixit qui vitam cum principe explevit Tac. It sufficeth me my house may have a support against the malice of Agrippina besides what I doe is meerely for affection to my children As for my selfe I rest contented with life since I have wholly passed it hitherto in the service of such a Prince Tiberius having praised the good nature of Sejanus and remembred in few words the gratitude he returned answereth Tempus ad integrā consultationem necessarium Tac. this affaire required time for a full resolution and spake in this manner The undertakings of ordinary men willingly rest upon profit but the condition of Princes is quite otherwise Praecipua rerum ad famam dirigenda Tac. For they should direct the principall scope of their ends to reputation wherefore I will not reply to your demand so fully as I could Livia may dispose of her selfe if she resolve to marry or patiently abide in the house of my son Drusus Matris aviae propi●ra consilia Tac. in which point shee may have counsell much nearer than mine of her Grandmother and her mother But as for my selfe I will freely give you my advice And first concerning the enmities of Agrippina it is undoubted they wil more ardently be enflamed if the marriage of Livia should divide the familie of the Caesars into diuers factions Thereupon jealousies of women will breake forth Quid s●intendatur certamen and by this discord my nephewes will enter into contestation and what will you say if you must fight for this alliance What wil become of thee if thou beest called Thou deceivest thy selfe Sejanus if thou thinkest still to continue in the same state or that Livia is of such a disposition as to be willing to liue with a Roman Knight Vix cum equite Romano senes●et que nupsit Caesari Tac. having espoused Caesar and after him Drusus and though I give my consent doest thou beleeve they who have seene her Brother Father and our ancestors in soveraigne dignities will endure I should suffer it Resolue
appeared amongst them but for their ruine caused him to be poysoned at Bonconvent Henrie the seventh was poysoned at Bonconvent in an Host others say hee was hurt with a fal from on horse the fifteenth of August 1312. Death dissolved the marriage of the Duke of Calabria with Catherine of Austria and she died without children Robert who had but onely this sonne presently sought out another wife for him entreating King Philip the Faire hee would bee pleased the house of Valois might restore to the Crowne of Naples what it had thence borrowed Charles the second his father had married Margarite his daughter to Charles Count of Valois and Robert desired Grafts for his Sonne of this royall Stocke which had never beene tainted with the least suspition of impuritie She is not chaste enough who by the least suspition makes her chastitie to be doubted It is said of this Lady that the Embassadours of France having required her for the Kings brother besought her they might see whether shee were touched with her fathers naturall imperfections In the choyce of Princesses to bee wives for Kings the stature and grace of body was considered who was crooked shee unclothed her selfe even to her smocke made of so fine Holland that one might easily behold her shape and withall replying that Never would she for a Crowne make any scruple to pull it off King Robert desirous to see his sonne the Duke of Calabria fully accomplished in all vertues gave him for Tutor the Count of Elzear a kinsman of the Earles of Provence Saint Elzear Earle of Arrian of the house of Sabran every where renowned for admirable purity of life Kings that neglect the education of those who are to succeed them little regard their owne states Good government cannot be expected from a Prince ill bred the safety whereof depends on the good education of the Prince Warres are not the cause of so many miseries as ill mannaged education For such calamities are but temporary but disorder lasteth whilst the scepter swayeth By the fruits of Iustice and piety which this tree bare it may be understood it was well manured The intended marriage being resolved on It is a great triall of courage to abstaine from that which is both desired and permitted he sent his Governour to Paris to negotiate it He could not make choice of a more unspotted Oratour as one who had lived three and twenty yeares with Delphina his wife in voluntary and secret chastity preserving devotion amidst the vanities of Court Humility in greatnesse naturall frailty among pleasures and single life in marriage Charles Duke of Calabria marrieth Mary daughter of Charles Count of Valois 1324. Scoffers will make sport hereat for the danger there is in placing powder neare unto fire But the actions of Saints should bee considered not with discourse of nature but effects of grace The Marriage of the lady Mary was the raising of the Catanians fortune whom King Robert gave to his daughter in law as a woman that had seene the birth and education of all the children of the royall family she having served Queene Mary daughter of the King of Hungary Length of service gaineth trust for servants the Duchesses Violante Sancha Catherine shee was an aged Oke a worne Medaile only honoured for her antiquity every one made addresse to her as to the register of houshold government She was beloved by this Lady more than by all the rest and being an understanding woman presently perceived the delights and inclinations of her Mistresse propended to prety conceits neat curiosities and quaint ornaments The Queenes of Persia had provinces named from rheir dressings one was termed the Queenes girdle another he● Head tire There was not any thing either rare or excellent thorow all Europe which she sought not out to please her that one would have thought whole provinces stood affected to her accommodation Robert had other contentments which nearly followed the marriage of his sonne with Mary of Valois the City of Genova rendred it selfe up to him and he had possession of it full eighteene yeares The Church gave him the guardianship and government of Ferrara Florence ressented it Robert is made Vicar for the Church at Ferrara It is a thing very naturall for people to submit themselves voluntarily under the rule of good and wise Princes The first yeare of the marriage of his sonne brought forth a daughter whom he named Iane It is a rule in nature that the best command and he appointed the Catanian to be her governesse and made Raymond Cabanes her husband super-intendent of his houshold Catherine of Austria died on the 15. of Ian 1323. and Mary of Hungary on the 25. of March 1323. To preserve the good intelligence he held with the Pope he often visited him at Avignon and was there whilst in lesse than two moneths he received newes of the death of his daughter in law Catherine of Austria and his Mother Mary of Hungary To understand the like griefe one must have such a daughter and such a Mother He there also saw the death of one of his dearest friends Amedeus the fourth Duke of Savoy Pope Benedict would not enrich his parents with the goods of the Church Pope Benedict the twelfth died a while after leaving the continuation of the sumptuous palace of Avignon imperfect Flesh and bloud had not any power over him Some Courtiers brought his father before him cloathed otherwise than beseemed his condition he would not acknowledge him untill he had reassumed the habit of a Miller nor give him any thing but wherewithall to buy a Mill. He often said Popes should neither have kinred nor allies and that they were not administrators of Church-livings to enrich their owne kindred A Prince should consider those treaties which oblige him The great reverence he bare to the Pope was a notable proofe of his wisdome for he well knew whilst the Kings his predecessors held good correspondence with the Popes having ever before their eyes the treaties Philip King of Macedon caused the articles he agreed on with the Romans to be read unto him and capitulations betweene the See Apostolike and their Crowne the more exactly to observe them the peace of their state had beene invincible nor had the Princes of the house of Swevia who banded against them derived any other profit than losse both of the Empire of Almaigne and Kingdome of Naples Never should we quarrell with those who may more endammage In the investiture of the Kings of Naples it is said they will not accept the election of the Emperour Charles Duke of Calabria as head of the Florentine Common-wealth nor their army with 200000. duckets rent by the yeare than profit us To quiet the spirit of the Pope he promised him by oath never to accept the Imperiall Crowne nor title of King of Lombardy as Prince of Tuscany under the penalty