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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A32919	The campagne of the French King in the year 1677 In which is described exactly the three sieges and taking in of Valenciennes by assault, and of the town and citadel of Cambray, and of St. Omers, with an account of the Battel of Cassel. Licensed Sept. the 6th, 1678. Roger L'Estrange.; Campagna del re christianissimo nell' anno 1677. English.	Primi Fassola di San Maiolo, Giovan Battista Feliciano, conte, 1648-1713.	1679 (1679)	Wing C399B; ESTC R203952	44,521	161

Court with this Minister some daies before the King had inverted Valenciennes the twenty eighth of February and the better to hide the design of the Siege the Marshal de Humieres held Mons blocked up at the same time The disposition of the Siege The King immediately caused the Lines to be drawn himself visited the Posts view'd the Place and gave all necessary orders for the shutting up the passages to hinder them from all manner of succour The Camp encreased immediately by the arrival of several Troops and their Equipages and by the provisions which were continually brought thither from the Magazins where they had been stored up So that within the space of eight daies there were no less than 50000 Combatants which indeed appeared an incredible thing considering the rigour of the season and the ill condition they might expect to find themselves in where a Country was desolate by the War In the mean time Monsieur Le Mot Marshal de Camp and Monsieur de Mommont Brigadier of the Infantry with these Troops which they commanded did incommodate St. Omer in Artois and gave a jealousie to Ypres The Baron de Quincy Marshal de Camp and Monsieur de Fitte Brigadier of the Cavalry were at the Gates of Cambray The establishment of the Quarters The gross of the Army being come into the Camp the King distributed their Quarters He took his own neer to Famars which was on that side where they made the Attacques and he chose the Marshal de Humieres and Feuillade to command under his orders The Duke of Luxemburg had his Quarter at Launoy The Marshal de Lorges at Mount Azin These Posts were in so many Villages situate on thee eminencies the most neer to the place The situation and strength of the place Valenciennes is a place so important that it may well deserve all these grand preparations of an Army royal for the taking it It s situation is very advantageous and the Emperour Valentinian found it so well fortified for defence that he bestowed on it his Name It 's also considerable for the people which inhabit it for its great commerce and for the reputation it has had for having resisted great Armies Besides its fortifications it is encompassed about with two Rivers the Escaut and the Ronnel with an inaccessible marsh and Sluces to drown all the country round about it In fine it is one of the most important places not only of Hanault but of all the low Countries Besides the taking of it secures a part of Picardy and of Champaine and the Countries of the French Conquest takes away from Cambray all hopes of succours and advances the bounds of France even into the heart of Flanders All these thing being well known to the Spaniards as well as to the French they forgot nothing which might serve to save Valenciennes The Duke de Villa Hermosa endeavours its defence The Duke de Villa Hermosa had sent away this Commissary General towards Dendermond with money to furnish the Magazins for the subsistence of his Army and for the furthering the advance of the Hollanders who assembled together about Rosendal with a design to march against the French The Garison there They had in the place a 1000 Horse an Italian Regiment of Foot commanded by Silva Two Regiments of Walloons one commanded by the Count de Solres the other by Monsieur de Ostils sometimes Governour of Conde Two Regiments of Germans of the Marquis of Ledens and 2000 select Burgeses to whom they had given Arms and Officers able to command them It was abundantly furnished with Artillery and with all sorts of munition for War and provision for men and a great many both of the Nobility and of the country Paysants had put themselves within it for its defence The Count de Solres being it seems abroad when it was invested was fain to use his skill to enter again The Marquis de Richeboury Brother to the Prince of Espinoy a man of Experience and Courage commanded there in quality of Governour He had inspired both the Soldiers and the Inhabitants with a strong resolution to defend themselves to the very last extremity and had caused Gallouses to be set up in the cross Streets to terrifie the people that they might be no hindrance to their defence and might not dare to spread any Intelligence that might cause any mutiny and in fine he had so well disposed the Garison without and the Militia within that he might promise to himself a vigorous defence All this they came to understand by an Italian Officer of the Garison who was taken in the Camp The continual Rains had stopped the Canon on the way and hindred the King that he could not give order for the opening the Trenches But on the eighth they being come he deferred it no longer and gave order to attaque it in the weakest places which appeared to be at the Port of Cambray and that of Cardon The Attaque resolved but the difficulty of bringing thither their Canon made him resolve to command the attaque to be made on the side of the Port of Azin although the better fortified To this end they must first take a Crown Work The Horn work described defended by two Demy-Bastions with their Halfmoons advanced and with a strong Palisado a large ditch and a good Counterscarp But besides all this there was a well furnished Halfmoon which had Works on Front and a great ditch betwixt two others and a little before it an irregular Fort named the Pie or the Horshooe to which one Arm of the Escaut serv'd for a ditch They must cross over the Escaut which ran with great rapidness along the ramparts of the Town separate by a little Fort. In spite of all these obstacles which appeared not to be surmounted they believed if they might be able once to render themselves masters of this Crown-work then to prepare their Batteries and place their Morterpieces to fire the body of the Town that they would be obliged to capitulate rather than to see it reduced to ashes without costing the King any thing but powder So then his Majesty gave orders for the opening the Trenches on the ninth or tenth of March The opening of the Trenches and would needs assist in it himself to animate his Soldiers by his presence The Marshall Schomberg was the first that mounted the Guard with Count Bardi Magolotti Lieutenant General The ground of M. Schomberg the Count of St. Geran Marshal de Camp the Marquis de Angeau Ayde de Camp three Battalions of the Regiment of Guards of Picardy and Soissons followed by Monsier Javil Brigadier of the Cavalry with six Squadrons two of the Companies of the Corps du Guard of Noailles and Duras one of the Gens de Arms of Scotch and English and the others of the Collonel General master de Camp and of the Kings This last Body consisted of two

the Army Monsieur Bretevil in the absence of Monsieur St. Ponaüge The Siege of Cambray The King incamp'd that night at Haspre and on the twenty second he sate down before Cambray He took a turn about the place and would view it within musquet shot He made them draw the lines of circumvallation and contravallation Assoon as the news of the Siege was spread abroad the Peasants from all places of Picardy ran thither according to the orders they had received and they the more willingly obeyed because they had been for a long time oppress'd by the contributions and continual inrodes of that Garison This made them very earnestly wish for the Siege ever since the beginning of the War and it was the end of all their desires which they expressed in the acclamations which they gave the King in his return from the last Campain Cambray is the strongest place Its fortifications and the most important of all the Netherlands The Escaut runs thorow it and fils all its ditches it is also regularly fortified with Ramparts Bastions Halfmoons and with two Forts and commanded by a Citadel of a square form which is separated from it and besides its Bastions Halfmoons and ditches is placed in a most advantagious scituation The place is the more considerable for being the capital City of Cambresis and the Metropolitan Seat of the greatest part of the low Country Catholicks and for having a Church fil'd with many rich Gifts and of great Revenue and ecclesiastical Dignities They say that it was very famous even in the time of the Romans It got a great reputation under Clodion King of France when he rendred himself master of it with the loss of 50000 men who were sacrificed at the taking of it as well of the Besiegers part as of the besieged The particular care which Charles the fifth took to fortifie it very much augmented its reputation and indeed it has been so well established in the Wars of our Age that it hath always passed for the most formidable place in the whole seventeen Provinces Besides it was a mortal scourge to the sides of France gave no repose to Picardy threatned the Sein it self and in the times of war gather'd so great contribution that it not only suppli'd it self but was in a condition to furnish with necessaries all the Catholick places in its neighbourhood and to give subsistence to abundance of Troops serving also in the mean time for a Refuge to all sorts of criminals The King being sensibly touch'd with the evils caused by this place to so great part of his Realm would by all means give a remedy thereto and therefore he then shut his eyes against all the assaults of the Imperialists as we have marked and formed the project of taking of Cambray as well as Valenciennes by getting into his hands Conde and Bouchain After the taking of those two last named places he never left the Garisons of the former to be in any quiet he put a stop to their inroads and hindred his subjects from paying the contributions He made the Baron de Quincy to keep the field to take or scatter their Convoies and so placed his Troops when the Winter was far advanced in quarters that they might be in a readiness by the Siege of those places and by taking them in to put an end to the causes of so many troubles By this means he establish'd the repose of his own Realm put himself in a condition of carrying the War into his Enemies Country He dismember'd one of the most considerable parts of the Monarchy of Spain and facilitated the progress of his Arms. Don Pedro Savala a native of Biscay was Governour of the Town and Cittadel And Garison He was a man that had spent forty years of his Life in the service of the Catholique King and whose Age and experience gotten in the wars made him to be very much esteemed The Garison was composed of about one thousand horse and of the Regiments of the Infantry of Vaudemont Molenbery Tilly one of Hollanders two Spanish of the old Body and one of Walloons His Majesty made both the City and the Cittadel to be shut up within the lines The disposion of the Quarters and caused divers Bridges to be layd over the Escaut for communication and then he thus ordered the Quarters He chose his own at Avain on the side of the Citadel and kept with him the Marshal Feuillade The Marshal Lorges had his on the right side of that of the Kings in a place named Escaud'auvers on the other side of the Town and citadel towards the Gate of Valenciennes Marshal de Luxemburg took his Quarters on the left hand on this side St. Sepulchres neer to Chantigneute and Marshal Schomberg took up all that part which is on this side the Escaut from new Town to Cantimpre Succours hindred His Majesty sent the Baron de Quincy with a Body of Horse on the side of Bavay in Hanault in the neighbourhood of Mons as much to oppose all succour as to trouble the Commerce of those places and there to observe the enemy The Prince of Orange and the Duke de Villa Hermosa seeing Valenciennes taken Preparations to relieve Cambray and all there de signs which they had for to succour it rendered unprofitable they formed new ones together to oppose the enterprises of the King They did not all doubt but that his Majesty would besiege St. Omers and on the other side they determined not to succour Cambray whether it were that they imagined that place being one of the strongest of Europe would of it self render all the Endeavours of the King vain or that they despaired to be able to releive it being encompassed about as it was with Valenciennes Conde Bouchaine Dovay and other places of the like Importance However it was they rendesvouz'd their Troops in the Territory of Asnest neer to Gaunt and published that they would oppose the designs the French might have against St. Omers or to revenge themselves for the loss they had received by besieging some place of the French upon the River Lys or in the French Flanders The places on the fronteers secured These menaces of the enemy caused the King to write to Monsieur his Brother to suspend the siege of St. Omer till he should receive new orders and sent in the mean time Marquis Lovuis and the Gens de Arms in Walloon Flanders and upon the Lys to provide for the security of those places The besieged sally forth In the mean time the Governor of Cambray began on the twenty fourth of March to give some proofs of that vigorous resistance which he intended to make He caused three hundred horse to make a Sally by the Gates of Selles and Cantimpre upon the Quarters of Marshal Schomberg separated in many Bands to the end that they might view the besiegers without being perceived and also give them a means to