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false_a sort_n of_o concord_n no_o way_n useful_a to_o the_o public_a but_o rather_o a_o corruption_n of_o it_o this_o some_o man_n think_v homer_n to_o have_v have_v a_o eye_n to_o when_o he_o introduce_v agamemnon_n well_o please_v with_o the_o jar_n of_o ulysses_n and_o achilles_n and_o with_o the_o hard_a word_n that_o pass_v between_o they_o which_o he_o will_v never_o have_v do_v unless_o he_o have_v think_v that_o dissension_n and_o faction_n of_o great_a man_n have_v be_v of_o use_n to_o the_o state_n yet_o this_o maxim_n be_v not_o simple_o to_o be_v grant_v he_o without_o restriction_n for_o if_o the_o heat_n grow_v too_o big_a they_o be_v very_o dangerous_a to_o city_n and_o of_o most_o pernicious_a consequence_n when_o agesilaus_n be_v new_o enter_v upon_o asia_n the_o government_n there_o come_v news_n from_o asia_n that_o the_o persian_a king_n be_v make_v great_a naval_a preparation_n resolve_v with_o a_o high_a hand_n to_o dispossess_v the_o spartan_n of_o their_o 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only_o but_o as_o glorious_o set_v out_o too_o so_o that_o they_o be_v more_o to_o be_v envy_v in_o their_o pride_n than_o fear_v in_o their_o force_n have_v the_o poop_n and_o deck_n of_o their_o galliots_n all_o guild_a and_o the_o oar_n plate_v with_o silver_n together_o with_o their_o purple_a sail_n as_o if_o their_o delight_n be_v to_o glory_n in_o their_o iniquity_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o music_n and_o dance_a banquet_a and_o revel_n all_o along_o the_o shore_n together_o with_o the_o prize_n of_o king_n in_o captivity_n and_o ransom_n of_o sack_v city_n to_o the_o reproach_n and_o dishonour_v of_o the_o roman_a empire_n there_o be_v of_o these_o corsair_n above_o 1000_o sail_n and_o they_o have_v take_v no_o less_o than_o 400_o city_n commit_v sacrilege_n upon_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o with_o the_o spoil_n of_o divers_a undefiled_a before_o such_o as_o be_v those_o of_o claros_n didyme_n and_o samothrace_n and_o the_o temple_n of_o tellus_n or_o the_o earth_n in_o hermione_n and_o that_o of_o aeseulapius_n in_o epidaurium_fw-la those_o of_o neptune_n in_o isthmus_n taenarus_n and_o calauria_n those_o of_o apollo_n in_o actium_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o leucades_n and_o those_o of_o juno_n in_o samos_n argos_n and_o leucania_n they_o offer_v likewise_o strange_a sacrifice_n upon_o mount_n olympus_n and_o perform_v certain_a secret_a rite_n or_o religious_a mystery_n whereof_o that_o to_o the_o sun_n which_o they_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o mithres_n be_v preserve_v down_o to_o our_o age_n have_v its_o original_a and_o first_o institution_n from_o they_o but_o beside_o these_o piracy_n and_o insolence_n by_o sea_n they_o be_v yet_o more_o injurious_a to_o the_o roman_n by_o land_n for_o they_o will_v often_o go_v ashore_o and_o rob_v upon_o the_o highway_n plunder_v and_o destroy_v their_o village_n and_o country-house_n near_o the_o sea_n and_o once_o they_o seize_v upon_o two_o roman_a praetor_n sextilius_n and_o bellinus_n in_o their_o purple_a robe_n and_o carry_v they_o off_o together_o with_o their_o sergeant_n and_o vergers_z the_o daughter_n also_o of_o antonius_n a_o man_n that_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o triumph_n take_v a_o journey_n into_o the_o country_n be_v seize_v upon_o and_o redeem_a afterward_o with_o a_o excessive_a ransom_n but_o this_o be_v the_o most_o spiteful_a and_o abusive_a of_o all_o that_o when_o any_o of_o the_o captive_n declare_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o roman_a and_o tell_v his_o name_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v surprise_v and_o straightway_o feign_v a_o fear_n smite_v their_o thigh_n and_o fall_v down_o at_o his_o foot_n humble_o beseech_v he_o to_o be_v gracious_a and_o forgive_v they_o the_o credulous_a captive_n see_v they_o so_o humble_a and_o supplicant_n believe_v they_o to_o be_v in_o earnest_n for_o some_o be_v so_o officious_a as_o to_o put_v on_o his_o shoe_n other_o help_v he_o on_o with_o his_o gown_n lest_o his_o quality_n shall_v be_v mistake_v again_o after_o all_o this_o pageantry_n when_o they_o have_v thus_o delude_v and_o mock_v he_o long_o enough_o at_o last_o cast_v out_o a_o ship_n ladder_n when_o they_o be_v even_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n they_o bid_v he_o march_v off_o and_o farewell_o if_o he_o refuse_v they_o throw_v he_o overboard_o and_o drown_v he_o this_o piratic_a power_n have_v get_v the_o dominion_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o perpetual_o rove_a up_o and_o down_o there_o be_v leave_v no_o place_n for_o navigation_n or_o commerce_n insomuch_o that_o no_o merchant_n dare_v venture_v out_o to_o traffic_n the_o roman_n therefore_o find_v themselves_o to_o be_v extreme_o straighten_a in_o their_o market_n and_o consider_v that_o if_o this_o scarcity_n of_o corn_n shall_v continue_v there_o will_v be_v a_o dearth_n and_o famine_n in_o the_o land_n determine_v to_o send_v out_o pompey_n to_o recover_v their_o seignory_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o pirate_n wherefore_o gabinius_n a_o great_a creature_n of_o pompey_n prefer_v a_o law_n whereby_o there_o be_v grant_v to_o he_o not_o only_o the_o government_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o admiral_n but_o even_o the_o monarchy_n of_o rome_n as_o sovereign_n have_v a_o arbitrary_a and_o unlimited_a power_n over_o all_o man_n the_o sum_n of_o that_o decree_n give_v he_o the_o absolute_a power_n and_o authority_n of_o all_o the_o sea_n even_o from_o the_o straights-mouth_n or_o hercules-pillar_n together_o with_o the_o continent_n or_o mainland_n all_o along_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 400_o furlong_n or_o 50_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n now_o there_o be_v but_o few_o region_n in_o the_o world_n under_o the_o roman_a empire_n of_o a_o large_a extent_n and_o in_o that_o compass_n too_o there_o be_v comprehend_v great_a nation_n and_o mighty_a king_n moreover_o by_o this_o decree_n he_o have_v a_o power_n of_o elect_v fifteen_o lieutenant_n out_o of_o the_o senate_n and_o of_o assign_v to_o each_o his_o province_n in_o charge_n then_o he_o may_v take_v likewise_o out_o of_o the_o treasury_n and_o of_o the_o publican_n what_o money_n he_o please_v as_o also_o 200_o sail_n of_o ship_n with_o a_o power_n to_o press_n and_o levy_v what_o soldier_n and_o seaman_n he_o think_v fit_a together_o with_o galliots_n of_o oar_n and_o mariner_n when_o this_o law_n be_v read_v the_o common_a people_n approve_v of_o it_o exceed_o but_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o powerful_a of_o the_o senate_n look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o exorbitant_a power_n even_o beyond_o the_o reach_n of_o envy_n and_o be_v now_o become_v worthy_a of_o their_o fear_n therefore_o conclude_v with_o themselves_o that_o such_o a_o infinite_a and_o boundless_a authority_n be_v dangerous_a they_o agree_v unanimous_o to_o oppose_v the_o bill_n and_o all_o be_v against_o it_o except_z caesar_z who_o give_v his_o vote_n for_o the_o law_n not_o so_o much_o to_o gratify_v pompey_n as_o the_o people_n who_o favour_n he_o have_v court_v underhand_o from_o the_o beginning_n and_o hope_v thereby_o to_o compass_v such_o a_o power_n for_o himself_o the_o rest_n inveigh_v bitter_o against_o pompey_n insomuch_o as_o one_o of_o the_o consul_n tell_v he_o sharp_o that_o if_o he_o follow_v the_o footstep_n of_o romulus_n he_o will_v scarce_o avoid_v his_o end_n but_o he_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v tear_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o multitude_n for_o his_o speech_n yet_o when_o catulus_n stand_v up_o to_o speak_v against_o the_o law_n the_o people_n in_o reverence_n to_o he_o be_v very_o silent_a and_o attentive_a he_o therefore_o after_o he_o have_v without_o the_o least_o show_n of_o envy_n make_v large_a harangue_n in_o honour_n of_o pompey_n begin_v to_o advise_v the_o people_n in_o kindness_n to_o spare_v he_o and_o not_o to_o expose_v a_o man_n of_o his_o value_n to_o such_o a_o chain_n of_o danger_n and_o war_n for_o say_v he_o where_o can_v you_o find_v out_o another_o pompey_n or_o who_o will_v you_o have_v in_o case_n you_o shall_v chance_v to_o lose_v he_o they_o all_o cry_v out_o with_o one_o voice_n yourself_o wherefore_o catulus_n find_v all_o his_o rhetoric_n ineffectual_a desist_v then_o roscius_n attempt_v to_o speak_v but_o can_v have_v no_o audience_n wherefore_o he_o make_v sign_n with_o his_o finger_n intimate_v not_o he_o alone_o but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o second_o pompey_n or_o colleague_n in_o authority_n with_o he_o upon_o this_o it_o be_v say_v the_o multitude_n be_v extreme_o incense_v make_v such_o a_o horrid_a exclamation_n that_o a_o crow_n fly_v over_o the_o marketplace_n at_o that_o instant_n be_v strike_v blind_a and_o drop_v down_o among_o the_o rabble_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o bird_n fall_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o by_o any_o rupture_n or_o division_n of_o the_o air_n when_o it_o have_v receive_v any_o such_o impression_n or_o force_n but_o pure_o by_o the_o very_a stroke_n of_o the_o voice_n which_o be_v shoot_v up_o by_o a_o multitude_n with_o great_a violence_n raise_v a_o sort_n of_o tempest_n and_o billow_n in_o the_o air._n the_o assembly_n therefore_o break_v up_o for_o that_o day_n and_o when_o the_o day_n be_v come_v wherein_o the_o bill_n be_v to_o pass_v by_o suffrage_n into_o a_o decree_n pompey_n go_v private_o into_o the_o country_n but_o hear_v that_o it_o be_v pass_v and_o confirm_v he_o return_v again_o into_o the_o city_n by_o night_n to_o avoid_v the_o envy_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o that_o concourse_n of_o people_n that_o will_v meet_v and_o congratulate_v he_o the_o next_o morning_n he_o come_v abroad_o and_o sacrifice_v to_o the_o god_n and_o have_v audience_n at_o a_o open_a assembly_n he_o handle_v the_o matter_n so_o as_o that_o they_o enlarge_v his_o power_n give_v he_o many_o thing_n beside_o what_o be_v already_o grant_v and_o almost_o double_v the_o preparation_n
besiege_a and_o join_v in_o their_o defence_n render_v pompey_n not_o only_a grievous_a and_o hateful_a but_o even_o ridiculous_a too_o that_o he_o shall_v lend_v his_o name_n as_o a_o guard_n to_o a_o nest_n of_o thief_n that_o know_v neither_o god_n nor_o law_n and_o make_v his_o authority_n serve_v as_o a_o sanctuary_n to_o they_o only_o out_o of_o pure_a envy_n and_o emulation_n to_o metellus_n for_o neither_o be_v achilles_n think_v to_o act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o wise_a man_n but_o rather_o of_o a_o young_a giddy_a fool_n mad_a after_o glory_n when_o by_o sign_n he_o forbid_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o grecian_n to_o strike_v at_o hector_n lest_o he_o too_o late_o shall_v to_o the_o battle_n run_v 22._o when_o other_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o it_o win_v but_o pompey_n contend_v beyond_o himself_o to_o save_v the_o common_a enemy_n of_o the_o world_n only_o that_o he_o may_v deprive_v a_o roman_a praetor_n after_o all_o his_o labour_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o triumph_n yet_o for_o all_o this_o metellus_n be_v no_o way_n daunt_v neither_o will_v he_o give_v over_o the_o war_n against_o the_o pirate_n but_o storm_v they_o in_o their_o strong_a hold_n and_o have_v total_o subdue_v they_o he_o take_v a_o just_a revenge_n of_o their_o impiety_n and_o for_o octavius_n he_o be_v public_o disgrace_v and_o send_v away_o load_v with_o the_o scoff_v and_o reproach_n of_o all_o the_o camp_n now_o when_o it_o be_v report_a in_o rome_n tigranes_n that_o the_o war_n with_o the_o pirate_n be_v at_o a_o end_n and_o that_o pompey_n be_v in_o a_o dead_a vacation_n divert_v himself_o in_o visit_n only_o to_o the_o city_n for_o want_n of_o employment_n one_o manilius_n a_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n prefer_v a_o law_n whereby_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o pompey_n shall_v have_v all_o the_o force_n of_o lucullus_n and_o the_o province_n under_o his_o government_n together_o with_o bythinia_n that_o be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o glabrio_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v forthwith_o make_v war_n upon_o those_o two_o king_n mithridates_n and_o tigranes_n retain_v still_o the_o same_o naval_a force_n and_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o before_o but_o this_o be_v nothing_o less_o than_o to_o constitute_v one_o absolute_a monarch_n of_o all_o the_o roman_a empire_n for_o the_o province_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v exempt_a from_o his_o commission_n by_o the_o former_a decree_n such_o as_o be_v phrygia_n lycaonia_n galatia_n cappadocia_n cilicia_n the_o over_o colchis_n and_o armenia_n these_o be_v all_o graft_v in_o by_o this_o latter_a law_n together_o with_o all_o the_o army_n and_o force_n wherewith_o lucullus_n make_v war_n upon_o mithridates_n and_o tigranes_n now_o though_o this_o be_v a_o notorious_a injury_n to_o lucullus_n whereby_o he_o be_v rob_v of_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o achievement_n by_o have_v a_o successor_n assign_v he_o rather_o in_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o triumph_n than_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o war_n yet_o this_o be_v of_o no_o great_a moment_n in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o senate_n because_o it_o be_v personal_n only_o though_o they_o can_v not_o but_o censure_v the_o people_n of_o injustice_n and_o ingratitude_n to_o lucullus_n but_o the_o source_n of_o all_o their_o grievance_n flow_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o power_n of_o pompey_n shall_v by_o law_n be_v establish_v in_o a_o manifest_a tyranny_n and_o therefore_o they_o exhort_v and_o encourage_v one_o another_o private_o to_o bend_v all_o their_o force_n in_o opposition_n to_o this_o law_n and_o not_o to_o cast_v away_o their_o liberty_n and_o property_n at_o so_o tame_a a_o rate_n yet_o for_o all_o their_o resolution_n when_o the_o day_n come_v wherein_o it_o be_v to_o pass_v into_o a_o decree_n their_o heart_n fail_v they_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o people_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v silent_a except_o catulus_n who_o bold_o inveigh_v against_o the_o law_n and_o charge_v the_o people_n home_o but_o all_o in_o vain_a for_o when_o he_o find_v that_o he_o have_v not_o bring_v over_o one_o man_n among_o the_o people_n he_o turn_v and_o direct_v his_o speech_n to_o the_o senate_n in_o great_a passion_n often_o cry_v out_o and_o bid_v they_o to_o seek_v out_o some_o mountain_n as_o their_o forefather_n have_v do_v and_o fly_v to_o the_o rock_n where_o they_o may_v preserve_v their_o liberty_n but_o all_o his_o rhetoric_n be_v ineffectual_a for_o the_o law_n pass_v into_o a_o decree_n as_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o suffrage_n of_o all_o the_o tribe_n and_o now_o be_v pompey_n even_o in_o his_o absence_n make_v lord_n of_o almost_o all_o that_o power_n that_o sylla_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o by_o conquest_n when_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n and_o war_n he_o have_v bring_v even_o rome_n itself_o under_o his_o dominion_n now_o when_o pompey_n have_v advice_n by_o letter_n of_o the_o decree_n it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o friend_n who_o come_v to_o rejoice_v and_o give_v he_o joy_n of_o his_o honour_n he_o seem_v extreme_o displease_v frown_a and_o smite_v his_o thigh_n and_o at_o last_o as_o one_o overload_v already_o and_o weary_a of_o government_n he_o break_v out_o in_o great_a passion_n good_a god_n what_o a_o endless_a train_n of_o war_n be_v here_o how_o much_o better_o may_v my_o lot_n have_v fall_v among_o the_o inglorious_a crowd_n unknown_a or_o unregarded_a if_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o end_n of_o this_o warfare_n but_o with_o that_o of_o my_o life_n if_o my_o fate_n be_v such_o that_o i_o must_v always_o despair_v of_o those_o happy_a moment_n wherein_o i_o may_v stem_v this_o tide_n of_o envy_n and_o live_v at_o peace_n in_o a_o country_n retirement_n and_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o a_o dear_a wife_n but_o all_o this_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o ironical_a neither_o indeed_o can_v the_o best_a of_o his_o friend_n endure_v such_o gross_a hypocrisy_n well_o know_v that_o he_o who_o ambition_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o his_o malice_n have_v his_o enmity_n with_o lucullus_n as_o a_o firebrand_n to_o kindle_v that_o covetous_a desire_n of_o glory_n and_o empire_n that_o be_v implant_v in_o his_o nature_n can_v not_o but_o embrace_v the_o province_n with_o joy_n and_o triumph_n as_o appear_v not_o long_o afterward_o by_o his_o action_n which_o do_v clear_o unmask_v he_o for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o send_v out_o his_o edict_n or_o proclamation_n into_o all_o quarter_n command_v all_o soldier_n to_o resort_v to_o his_o colour_n then_o he_o summon_v in_o all_o the_o tributary_n king_n and_o prince_n that_o be_v subject_n within_o the_o precinct_n of_o his_o charge_n and_o in_o short_a as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v enter_v upon_o his_o province_n he_o leave_v nothing_o unaltered_a that_o have_v be_v do_v and_o establish_v by_o lucullus_n to_o some_o he_o remit_v their_o amercement_n and_o penalty_n and_o deprive_v other_o of_o their_o reward_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n do_v he_o act_v in_o all_o thing_n with_o this_o design_n chief_o that_o the_o admirer_n of_o lucullus_n may_v know_v how_o that_o all_o his_o power_n and_o authority_n be_v now_o at_o a_o end_n and_o he_o no_o long_o lord_n of_o this_o province_n but_o lucullus_n begin_v to_o arraign_v these_o proceed_n and_o expostulate_v the_o case_n by_o friend_n whereupon_o it_o be_v think_v fit_v and_o agree_v that_o there_o will_v be_v a_o meeting_n betwixt_o they_o and_o according_o they_o meet_v in_o the_o country_n of_o galatia_n now_o in_o that_o they_o be_v great_a and_o prosperous_a general_n both_o in_o conduct_n and_o action_n they_o come_v in_o state_n attend_v with_o their_o vergers_z and_o officer_n bear_v their_o rod_n before_o they_o all_o wreathe_v about_o with_o branch_n of_o laurel_n lucullus_n come_v through_o a_o country_n full_a of_o green_a and_o shady_a grove_n but_o pompey_n march_n be_v through_o large_a barren_a plain_n both_o chill_a and_o naked_a therefore_o the_o vergers_z of_o lucullus_n perceive_v that_o pompey_n laurel_n be_v wither_v and_o dry_a help_v he_o to_o some_o of_o their_o own_o whereby_o they_o adorn_v and_o crown_v his_o rod_n with_o fresh_a laurel_n this_o be_v think_v somewhat_o ominous_a and_o look_v as_o if_o pompey_n come_v to_o take_v away_o the_o reward_n and_o honour_n of_o lucullus_n victory_n lucullus_n indeed_o have_v the_o priority_n in_o the_o course_n of_o his_o consulship_n and_o of_o his_o age_n too_o but_o the_o dignity_n of_o pompey_n be_v the_o great_a in_o that_o he_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o two_o triumph_n their_o first_o address_n lucullus_n in_o this_o interview_n be_v make_v with_o great_a ceremony_n and_o complaisance_n magnify_v each_o other_o action_n and_o congratulate_v their_o success_n but_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o matter_n of_o their_o conference_n or_o treaty_n there_o they_o observe_v neither_o decency_n nor_o moderation_n
from_o thence_o he_o design_v to_o have_v go_v to_o tigranes_n in_o armenia_n but_o be_v prohibit_v there_o by_o tigranes_n who_o have_v put_v out_o a_o proclamation_n with_o a_o reward_n of_o 100_o talent_n to_o any_o one_o that_o shall_v apprehend_v he_o he_o pass_v by_o the_o head_n of_o the_o river_n euphrates_n and_o flee_v through_o the_o country_n of_o colchis_n now_o have_v pompey_n make_v a_o invasion_n into_o tigranes_n the_o country_n of_o armenia_n upon_o the_o invitation_n of_o young_a tigranes_n for_o that_o he_o be_v now_o in_o rebellion_n against_o his_o father_n and_o have_v give_v pompey_n a_o metting_n about_o the_o river_n araxes_n which_o river_n rise_v near_o the_o head_n of_o fl._n euphrates_n but_o turn_v its_o course_n and_o bend_n towards_o the_o east_n fall_v into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n they_o two_o therefore_o march_v together_o through_o the_o country_n take_v in_o all_o the_o city_n by_o the_o way_n and_o oblige_v they_o to_o homage_n and_o fealty_n but_o king_n tigranes_n have_v be_v harass_v late_o in_o a_o tedious_a war_n by_o lucullus_n and_o withal_o understand_v that_o pompey_n be_v generous_a in_o his_o nature_n and_o of_o a_o gentle_a disposition_n put_v guard_n into_o his_o royal_a palace_n and_o take_v along_o with_o he_o divers_a of_o his_o friend_n and_o relation_n go_v in_o person_n to_o surrender_v himself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o pompey_n he_o come_v as_o far_o as_o the_o trench_n on_o horseback_n but_o there_o he_o be_v meet_v by_o two_o of_o pompey_n vergers_z who_o command_v he_o to_o alight_v and_o walk_v on_o foot_n for_o that_o no_o man_n be_v ever_o see_v on_o horseback_n within_o a_o roman_a camp_n tigranes_n submit_v to_o this_o immediate_o and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o pluck_v off_o his_o sword_n deliver_v up_o that_o too_o and_o last_o of_o all_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o appear_v before_o pompey_n he_o pull_v off_o his_o turban_n or_o royal_a diadem_n and_o attempt_v to_o have_v lay_v it_o at_o his_o foot_n 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and_o servant_n who_o themselves_o be_v worthy_a to_o govern_v the_o world_n beside_o that_o scoff_a way_n of_o domitius_n aenobarbus_n continual_o call_v he_o agamemnon_n and_o king_n of_o king_n render_v he_o very_o odious_a and_o favonius_n his_o unseasonable_a raillery_n do_v he_o no_o less_o injury_n than_o those_o that_o take_v upon_o they_o a_o great_a liberty_n of_o speech_n when_o in_o drollery_n he_o cry_v out_o my_o master_n you_o must_v not_o expect_v to_o gather_v any_o fig_n in_o tusculan_a this_o year_n but_o lucius_n afranius_n who_o have_v lie_v under_o a_o imputation_n of_o treachery_n in_o betray_v the_o army_n in_o spain_n when_o he_o perceive_v that_o pompey_n do_v industrious_o decline_v a_o engagement_n declare_v open_o that_o he_o can_v not_o but_o admire_v why_o those_o who_o be_v so_o ready_a to_o accuse_v he_o do_v not_o go_v themselves_o and_o fight_v that_o merchant_n of_o their_o province_n with_o these_o and_o many_o such_o like_a speech_n they_o 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down_o the_o camp_n sue_v already_o for_o the_o consulship_n and_o office_n of_o a_o praetor_n nay_o spinther_n domitius_n and_o scipio_n make_v friend_n raise_v faction_n and_o even_o quarrel_v among_o themselves_o who_o shall_v succeed_v caesar_n in_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o high-priesthood_n esteem_v all_o as_o light_o as_o if_o they_o be_v to_o engage_v only_o with_o tigranes_n king_n of_o armenia_n or_o some_o petty_a naâ—athaean_a king_n not_o with_o that_o caesar_n and_o his_o army_n that_o have_v storm_v a_o 1000_o town_n and_o subdue_v more_o than_o 300_o several_a nation_n that_o have_v fight_v innumerable_a battle_n with_o the_o german_n and_o gaul_n and_o always_o carry_v the_o victory_n that_o have_v take_v a_o million_o of_o man_n prisoner_n and_o slay_v as_o many_o upon_o the_o spot_n in_o pitch_a battle_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v to_o the_o field_n 19_o of_o pharsalia_n they_o grow_v very_o tumultuous_a so_o that_o they_o force_v he_o by_o their_o 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till_o it_o come_v to_o caesar_n who_o be_v very_o eloquent_a and_o look_v upon_o all_o change_n and_o commotion_n in_o the_o state_n as_o matter_n for_o he_o to_o work_v upon_o desire_v rather_o to_o increase_v than_o extinguish_v they_o wherefore_o stand_v up_o he_o make_v a_o very_a merciful_a and_o persuasive_a speech_n that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o suffer_v otherwise_o than_o according_a to_o law_n by_o which_o they_o can_v not_o be_v put_v to_o death_n and_o move_v that_o they_o may_v be_v keep_v in_o prison_n thus_o be_v the_o house_n almost_o whole_o turn_v by_o caesar_n they_o be_v also_o afraid_a of_o the_o people_n insomuch_o that_o silanus_n retract_v and_o say_v he_o do_v not_o mean_a death_n but_o imprisonment_n for_o that_o be_v the_o utmost_a of_o what_o a_o roman_a can_v suffer_v upon_o this_o
in_o i_o a_o friendship_n more_o firm_a than_o any_o alliance_n but_o i_o will_v not_o give_v hostage_n to_o pompey_n glory_n against_o my_o country_n be_v safety_n this_o answer_n be_v very_o grate_v to_o the_o woman_n and_o to_o all_o his_o friend_n it_o seem_v somewhat_o harsh_a and_o haughty_a afterward_o when_o pompey_n endeavour_v to_o get_v the_o consulship_n for_o one_o of_o his_o friend_n do_v give_v money_n to_o the_o people_n for_o their_o voice_n and_o the_o bribery_n be_v notorious_a for_o the_o money_n be_v tell_v out_o in_o pompey_n own_o garden_n cato_n then_o say_v to_o the_o woman_n they_o must_v necessary_o have_v be_v concern_v in_o these_o fault_n of_o pompey_n if_o they_o have_v be_v ally_v to_o his_o family_n and_o they_o acknowledge_v that_o he_o do_v best_a in_o refuse_v it_o but_o if_o we_o may_v judge_v by_o the_o event_n cato_n seem_v much_o to_o blame_v for_o reject_v that_o alliance_n which_o thereby_o fall_v to_o caesar_n and_o then_o that_o match_n be_v make_v which_o unite_n his_n and_o pompey_n power_n have_v well-nigh_o ruin_v the_o roman_a empire_n and_o do_v at_o last_o utter_o destroy_v the_o commonwealth_n nothing_o of_o which_o perhaps_o have_v come_v to_o pass_v but_o that_o cato_n be_v too_o apprehensive_a of_o pompey_n least_o fault_n and_o do_v not_o consider_v how_o he_o force_v he_o into_o a_o condition_n of_o commit_v much_o great_a however_o these_o thing_n be_v yet_o to_o come_v now_o lucullus_n and_o pompey_n have_v a_o great_a dispute_n concern_v what_o have_v be_v establish_v in_o pontus_n each_o endeavour_v that_o his_o own_o ordinance_n may_v stand_v cato_n take_v part_n with_o lucullus_n who_o be_v apparent_o injure_v and_o pompey_n find_v himself_o the_o weak_a in_o the_o senate_n take_v to_o the_o people_n to_o gain_v they_o he_o propose_v a_o law_n for_o divide_v the_o land_n among_o the_o soldier_n cato_n oppose_v he_o in_o this_o also_o make_v the_o law_n be_v reject_v hereupon_o pompey_n join_v himself_o with_o clodius_n at_o that_o time_n the_o most_o violent_a of_o all_o the_o popular_a man_n and_o be_v likewise_o unite_v to_o caesar_n upon_o this_o occasion_n of_o which_o cato_n himself_o be_v the_o cause_n for_o caesar_n return_v from_o his_o government_n in_o spain_n at_o the_o same_o time_n sue_v to_o be_v choose_v consul_n and_o yet_o desire_v not_o to_o lose_v his_o triumph_n now_o the_o law_n require_v that_o those_o who_o stand_v for_o any_o office_n shall_v be_v present_a and_o yet_o that_o whoever_o expect_v a_o triumph_n shall_v continue_v without_o the_o wall_n caesar_n request_v the_o senate_n that_o his_o friend_n may_v be_v permit_v to_o canvas_v for_o he_o in_o his_o absence_n many_o of_o the_o senator_n where_o willing_a to_o consent_v to_o it_o but_o cato_n oppose_v it_o and_o perceive_v they_o incline_v to_o favour_n caesar_n spend_v the_o whole_a day_n in_o speak_v and_o so_o prevent_v the_o senate_n that_o they_o can_v come_v to_o no_o conclusion_n caesar_n therefore_o resolve_v to_o let_v fall_v his_o pretension_n to_o the_o triumph_n come_v into_o the_o town_n and_o immediate_o make_v a_o friendship_n with_o pompey_n and_o stand_v for_o the_o consulship_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v declare_v consul_n elect_v he_o marry_v his_o daughter_n julia_n to_o pompey_n have_v thus_o combine_v themselves_o together_o against_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o one_o propose_v the_o agrarian_a law_n for_o divide_v the_o land_n among_o the_o poor_a people_n and_o the_o other_o be_v present_a to_o second_v the_o proposal_n against_o they_o lucullus_z cicero_n and_o their_o friend_n join_v with_o bibulus_n the_o other_o consul_n and_o do_v all_o they_o can_v to_o hinder_v the_o pass_v those_o law_n among_o these_o none_o be_v more_o remarkable_a than_o cato_n who_o look_v upon_o the_o friendship_n and_o alliance_n of_o pompey_n and_o caesar_n as_o very_o dangerous_a and_o declare_v he_o do_v not_o so_o much_o dislike_v the_o advantage_n the_o people_n shall_v get_v by_o this_o division_n of_o the_o land_n as_o he_o fear_v the_o reward_n these_o man_n will_v gain_v by_o thus_o cheat_v the_o people_n and_o in_o this_o the_o senate_n be_v of_o his_o opinion_n as_o likewise_o many_o honest_a man_n without_o who_o be_v very_o much_o offend_v at_o caesar_n ill_a conduct_n that_o he_o now_o bear_v the_o authority_n of_o consul_n shall_v thus_o base_o and_o dishonourable_o flatter_v the_o people_n practise_v to_o win_v they_o by_o the_o same_o mean_n that_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v use_v only_o by_o the_o most_o rash_a and_o heady_a tribune_n caesar_n therefore_o and_o his_o party_n fear_v they_o shall_v not_o carry_v it_o by_o fair_a deal_n fall_v to_o open_a force_n first_o a_o basket_n of_o dung_n be_v throw_v upon_o bibulus_n as_o he_o be_v go_v to_o the_o forum_n then_o they_o set_v upon_o his_o lictor_n and_o break_v their_o rod_n at_o length_n several_a dart_n be_v throw_v and_o many_o man_n wound_v so_o that_o all_o that_o be_v against_o those_o law_n flee_v out_o of_o the_o forum_n the_o rest_n make_v what_o have_v they_o can_v but_o cato_n last_o of_o all_o walk_a out_o very_o slow_o often_o turn_v back_o and_o curse_v those_o citizen_n now_o the_o other_o party_n do_v not_o only_o carry_v this_o point_n of_o divide_v the_o land_n but_o also_o ordain_v that_o all_o the_o senate_n shall_v swear_v to_o confirm_v this_o law_n and_o to_o defend_v it_o against_o whoever_o shall_v attempt_v to_o alter_v it_o inflict_v great_a penalty_n on_o those_o that_o shall_v refuse_v the_o oath_n all_o the_o senator_n see_v the_o necessity_n they_o be_v in_o take_v the_o oath_n remember_v the_o example_n of_o old_a metellus_n who_o refuse_v to_o swear_v upon_o the_o like_a occasion_n be_v force_v to_o fly_v out_o of_o italy_n as_o for_o cato_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n with_o tear_n beseech_v he_o his_o friend_n and_o familiar_n persuade_v and_o entreat_v he_o to_o yield_v and_o take_v the_o oath_n but_o he_o that_o principal_o prevail_v with_o he_o be_v cicero_n the_o orator_n who_o urge_v and_o remonstrate_v how_o unreasonable_a it_o be_v that_o a_o private_a man_n alone_o shall_v oppose_v what_o the_o public_a have_v decree_v that_o the_o thing_n be_v already_o past_o remedy_n it_o will_v look_v like_o folly_n and_o madness_n to_o run_v himself_o into_o danger_n where_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o do_v his_o country_n any_o good_a beside_o it_o will_v be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o evil_n to_o abandon_v the_o commonwealth_n for_o who_o sake_n he_o do_v every_o thing_n and_o to_o let_v it_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o who_o design_v nothing_o but_o its_o ruin_n this_o will_v look_v as_o if_o he_o be_v glad_a of_o a_o opportunity_n to_o retire_v from_o the_o trouble_n of_o defend_v his_o country_n for_o say_v he_o though_o cato_n have_v no_o need_n of_o rome_n yet_o rome_n have_v need_n of_o cato_n and_o so_o likewise_o have_v all_o his_o friend_n of_o who_o cicero_n profess_v himself_o the_o chief_a be_v at_o that_o time_n aim_v at_o by_o clodius_n who_o open_o threaten_v to_o fall_v upon_o he_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o he_o shall_v get_v to_o be_v tribune_n thus_o cato_n they_o say_v move_v by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o his_o family_n and_o the_o persuasion_n of_o his_o friend_n go_v unwilling_o to_o take_v the_o oath_n which_o he_o do_v the_o last_o of_o all_o except_o only_a favonius_n one_o of_o his_o intimate_a acquaintance_n caesar_n exalt_v with_o this_o success_n propose_v another_o law_n for_o divide_v almost_o all_o the_o country_n of_o campania_n among_o the_o poor_a and_o needy_a citizen_n no_o body_n dare_v speak_v against_o it_o but_o cato_n who_o therefore_o caesar_n pull_v from_o the_o rostra_fw-la and_o drag_v to_o prison_n yet_o cato_n do_v not_o at_o all_o remit_v his_o freedom_n of_o speech_n but_o as_o he_o go_v along_o continue_v to_o speak_v against_o the_o law_n and_o advise_v the_o people_n to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o these_o proceed_n the_o senate_n and_o the_o best_a of_o the_o citizen_n follow_v he_o with_o sad_a and_o deject_a look_n show_v their_o grief_n and_o indignation_n by_o their_o silence_n so_o that_o caesar_n can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a how_o much_o they_o be_v offend_v but_o be_v one_o of_o a_o fierce_a contentious_a spirit_n he_o still_o persist_v expect_v cato_n shall_v either_o supplicate_v he_o or_o appeal_v to_o the_o people_n afterward_o when_o he_o see_v that_o cato_n will_v do_v neither_o caesar_n himself_o ashamed_a of_o what_o he_o have_v do_v private_o send_v one_o of_o the_o tribune_n to_o take_v he_o out_o of_o prison_n thus_o have_v win_v the_o multitude_n by_o these_o law_n and_o gratification_n they_o decree_v that_o caesar_n shall_v have_v the_o government_n of_o illyricum_n and_o all_o gaul_n with_o a_o army_n of_o four_o
too_o much_o like_o a_o friend_n now_o cato_n advise_v the_o senate_n to_o put_v all_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o pompey_n for_o those_o who_o can_v raise_v up_o great_a evil_n say_v he_o can_v best_o allay_v they_o pompey_n find_v he_o have_v not_o sufficient_a force_n and_o that_o those_o he_o can_v raise_v be_v not_o very_o resolute_a he_o forsake_v the_o city_n cato_n resolve_v to_o follow_v pompey_n send_v his_o young_a son_n to_o munatius_n who_o be_v then_o in_o the_o country_n of_o brutium_fw-la and_o take_v his_o elder_a with_o he_o but_o want_v some_o body_n to_o keep_v his_o house_n and_o take_v care_n of_o his_o daughter_n he_o take_v martia_n again_o who_o be_v now_o a_o rich_a widow_n for_o hortensius_n be_v dead_a and_o have_v leave_v she_o all_o his_o estate_n caesar_n afterward_o make_v use_n of_o this_o action_n also_o to_o reproach_v he_o with_o covetousness_n and_o a_o mercenary_a design_n in_o his_o marriage_n for_o say_v he_o if_o he_o have_v need_n of_o a_o wife_n why_o do_v he_o part_v with_o she_o and_o if_o he_o have_v not_o why_o do_v he_o take_v she_o again_o unless_o he_o give_v she_o only_o as_o a_o bait_n to_o hortensius_n and_o lend_v she_o when_o she_o be_v young_a to_o have_v she_o again_o when_o she_o be_v rich_a but_o in_o answer_n to_o this_o we_o may_v apply_v the_o say_v of_o euripides_n first_o for_o absurdity_n and_o sure_o none_o will_v hercules_n for_o want_n of_o courage_n blame_v now_o it_o be_v alike_o absurd_a to_o reproach_n hercules_n for_o cowardice_n and_o to_o accuse_v cato_n of_o covetousness_n though_o otherwise_o whether_o he_o do_v altogether_o right_a in_o this_o marriage_n may_v be_v dispute_v for_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v again_o take_v martia_n he_o commit_v his_o house_n and_o his_o daughter_n to_o she_o and_o himself_o follow_v pompey_n it_o be_v say_v that_o from_o that_o day_n he_o never_o cut_v his_o hair_n nor_o shave_v his_o beard_n nor_o wear_v a_o garland_n but_o always_o full_a of_o sadness_n grief_n and_o dejectedness_n for_o the_o calamity_n of_o his_o country_n he_o continual_o bear_v the_o same_o habit_n to_o the_o last_o whatever_o party_n have_v misfortune_n or_o success_n the_o government_n of_o sicily_n be_v allot_v to_o he_o he_o pass_v over_o to_o syracuse_n where_o understanding_n that_o asinius_n pollio_n be_v arrive_v at_o messana_n with_o force_n from_o the_o enemy_n cato_n send_v to_o he_o to_o know_v the_o reason_n of_o his_o come_n thither_o pollio_n on_o the_o other_o side_n demand_v of_o he_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o commotion_n cato_n also_o hear_v that_o pompey_n have_v quite_o abandon_v italy_n and_o lay_v encamp_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la he_o cry_v out_o how_o dark_a and_o uncertain_a be_v the_o will_n of_o heaven_n pompey_n when_o he_o do_v nothing_o wise_o nor_o honest_o be_v always_o successful_a and_o now_o that_o he_o will_v preserve_v his_o country_n and_o defend_v her_o liberty_n he_o be_v altogether_o unfortunate_a as_o for_o asinius_n he_o say_v he_o can_v easy_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o sicily_n but_o there_o come_v great_a force_n to_o his_o assistance_n he_o will_v not_o engage_v the_o island_n in_o a_o war_n wherefore_o he_o advise_v the_o syracusian_n to_o submit_v to_o the_o conqueror_n and_o provide_v for_o their_o own_o safety_n then_o he_o set_v sail_n from_o thence_o when_o he_o come_v to_o pompey_n he_o constant_o give_v advice_n to_o prolong_v the_o war_n for_o he_o always_o hope_v to_o compose_v matter_n and_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n that_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o action_n for_o the_o commonwealth_n will_v suffer_v extreme_o and_o be_v the_o certain_a cause_n of_o its_o own_o ruin_n whoever_o be_v the_o conqueror_n moreover_o he_o persuade_v pompey_n and_o the_o council_n of_o war_n to_o ordain_v that_o no_o city_n shall_v be_v sack_v that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o that_o no_o roman_n shall_v be_v kill_v but_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o battle_n thereby_o he_o get_v himself_o great_a honour_n and_o bring_v over_o many_o to_o the_o party_n of_o pompey_n who_o be_v much_o take_v with_o the_o moderation_n and_o humanity_n of_o cato_n afterwards_o be_v send_v into_o asia_n to_o assist_v those_o who_o be_v raise_v man_n and_o prepare_v ship_n in_o those_o part_n he_o take_v with_o he_o his_o sister_n servilia_n and_o a_o little_a boy_n which_o she_o have_v by_o lucullus_n for_o since_o her_o widowhood_n she_o have_v live_v with_o her_o brother_n and_o very_o much_o recover_v her_o reputation_n have_v put_v herself_o under_o his_o care_n follow_v he_o in_o his_o voyage_n and_o comply_v with_o his_o severe_a way_n of_o live_v yet_o caesar_n do_v not_o fail_v to_o asperse_v he_o upon_o her_o account_n also_o pompey_n officer_n in_o asia_n it_o seem_v have_v no_o great_a need_n of_o cato_n but_o he_o bring_v over_o the_o people_n of_o rhodes_n by_o his_o persuasion_n and_o leave_v his_o sister_n servilia_n and_o her_o child_n there_o he_o return_v to_o pompey_n who_o have_v now_o get_v together_o very_o great_a force_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o here_o pompey_n clear_o betray_v his_o own_o intention_n for_o at_o first_o he_o design_v to_o give_v cato_n the_o command_n of_o the_o navy_n which_o consist_v of_o no_o less_o than_o five_o hundred_o ship_n of_o war_n beside_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o pinnace_n scout_n and_o tender_v but_o present_o bethink_v himself_o or_o put_v in_o mind_n by_o his_o friend_n that_o cato_n principal_a and_o only_a aim_n be_v to_o free_v his_o country_n from_o all_o usurpation_n if_o he_o be_v master_n of_o so_o great_a force_n as_o soon_o as_o ever_o caesar_n shall_v be_v conquer_v he_o will_v certain_o oblige_v pompey_n to_o lay_v down_o his_o arm_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n therefore_o pompey_n change_v his_o mind_n and_o though_o he_o have_v before_o mention_v it_o to_o cato_n yet_o he_o make_v bibulus_n admiral_n notwithstanding_o this_o it_o appear_v cato_n affection_n to_o the_o public_a good_a be_v no_o way_n diminish_v for_o when_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o engage_v in_o a_o battle_n at_o dyrrachium_fw-la pompey_n himself_o encourage_v the_o army_n and_o command_v all_o the_o officer_n to_o do_v the_o like_a yet_o the_o soldier_n hearken_v to_o they_o but_o cold_o and_o with_o silence_n cato_n speak_v last_o of_o all_o and_o discourse_v to_o they_o out_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o philosophy_n such_o thing_n as_o the_o occasion_n require_v concern_v liberty_n valour_n death_n and_o glory_n all_o which_o he_o deliver_v with_o great_a vehemence_n of_o affection_n and_o conclude_v with_o a_o invocation_n of_o the_o god_n to_o who_o he_o direct_v his_o speech_n as_o if_o they_o be_v present_a to_o behold_v they_o fight_v for_o their_o country_n at_o this_o the_o army_n give_v such_o a_o shout_n as_o fill_v all_o their_o leader_n with_o hope_n and_o make_v they_o fall_v on_o without_o fear_n of_o danger_n caesar_n party_n be_v rout_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n yet_o his_o good_a fortune_n take_v such_o advantage_n of_o pompey_n cautiousness_n and_o diffidence_n as_o render_v the_o victory_n incomplete_a but_o of_o this_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o life_n of_o pompey_n now_o while_o all_o the_o rest_n rejoice_v and_o magnify_v their_o success_n cato_n alone_o bewail_v his_o country_n and_o curse_v that_o fatal_a ambition_n which_o make_v so_o many_o brave_a roman_n murder_v one_o another_o after_o this_o pompey_z following_z caesar_n into_o thessaly_n leave_v at_o dyrrachium_fw-la a_o great_a quantity_n of_o munition_n store_n of_o riches_n and_o many_o of_o his_o domestic_n and_o relation_n the_o charge_n of_o all_o which_o he_o give_v to_o cato_n with_o the_o command_n only_o of_o fifteen_o cohort_n for_o though_o he_o trust_v he_o much_o yet_o he_o be_v afraid_a of_o he_o too_o know_v full_a well_o that_o if_o he_o succeed_v not_o cato_z will_v never_o forsake_v he_o but_o if_o he_o conquer_v will_v never_o let_v he_o use_v his_o victory_n at_o his_o pleasure_n there_o be_v likewise_o many_o person_n of_o eminent_a quality_n that_o stay_v with_o cato_n at_o dyrrachium_fw-la when_o they_o hear_v of_o the_o overthrow_n at_o pharsalia_n cato_n resolve_v with_o himself_o that_o if_o pompey_n be_v slay_v he_o will_v conduct_v those_o that_o be_v with_o he_o into_o italy_n and_o then_o retire_v as_o fâ—r_v from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o caesar_n as_o he_o can_v and_o live_v in_o exile_n but_o if_o pompey_n be_v safe_a he_o will_v keep_v the_o army_n together_o for_o he_o with_o this_o resolution_n he_o pass_v over_o to_o corcyra_n where_o the_o navy_n lie_v there_o he_o will_v have_v resign_v his_o command_n to_o cicero_n because_o he_o have_v be_v consul_n and_o himself_o only_o a_o praetor_n but_o cicero_n refuse_v it_o and_o be_v go_v for_o italy_n at_o which_o
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battle_n begin_v they_o have_v make_v proclamation_n that_o who_o ever_o shall_v bring_v the_o head_n either_o of_o caius_n or_o fulvius_n he_o shall_v as_o a_o reward_n receive_v their_o weight_n in_o gold_n septimuleius_n therefore_o have_v fix_v caius_n head_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o his_o spear_n come_v and_o present_v it_o to_o opimius_n the_o consul_n they_o present_o bring_v the_o scale_n and_o it_o be_v find_v to_o weigh_v above_o 17_o pound_n but_o in_o this_o affair_n septimuleius_n give_v as_o great_a sign_n of_o his_o knavery_n as_o he_o have_v do_v before_o of_o his_o cruelty_n for_o have_v take_v out_o the_o brain_n he_o fill_v the_o scull_n with_o lead_n there_o be_v other_o who_o bring_v the_o head_n of_o fulvius_n too_o but_o be_v mean_a inconsiderable_a person_n be_v turn_v away_o without_o the_o promise_a reward_n the_o body_n of_o these_o two_o person_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o rest_n who_o be_v slay_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 3000_o man_n be_v all_o throw_v 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