any of them had of y â— said names Castels Dominions possessions and liberties shold be surrendered vp into y e Chancerie there to be canceled and that they stand in state whiche they had in name and possession before the saide daye â—f the sayde arrest The King to shew to all men in all Countries about by what right and title he had taken vpon him the crowne and realme sent Ambassadours to Rome Iohn Treneuant Byshop of Hereforde Iohn Cheyne Knighte and Iohn Cheyne Esquire Into Fraunce he sent Walter Tricklowe Byshop of Durham Thomas Percy Erle of Worcester and William Heron Into Spaine Iohn Trenor Bishop of Saint Dauids and fir William Pâ—t Knight Into Almaine the Bishoppe of Bangor with other The Scots in time of the Parliament taking occasion by the absence of the Northren Lordes and bycause the same tyme the North parts were sore oppressed by a great Peâ—â—â—lence entred as enimies into those parts and toke the Costell of Warke and kept the same a certain time but at leÌ„gth spoyled and â—â—terly ruinated it and many other mischients they did in the Country Thomas Manbery duke of Norffolk which was exiled dyed at Venide in his returne from Ierusalem Also the Duches of Glocester dyed and hir sonne heirâ— Humfrey dyed of the pestitence when hée was sent for forth of Irelande The King helde his feast of Christmasse in his Castel of Windsor where Iohn Holland late Duke of Excester Erie of Huntington Thomas Holand late Duke of Surrey Earle of Kente Edwarde late Duke of Aumerle and Earle of Rutlande sonne to the Duke of Yorke Iohn Mountacute Eriâ— iâ— Sabsburie Thomas Spencer sir Ralph Lumley sir Thomas Blunt sir Benedict Cely Knights with other that fauoures King Richarde conspired against King Henrie and appointed priuily to murder him vnder the colour of Justing and other pastimes pretended And the time approching of theyr purpose they sent messengers to London with letters to the Duke of Aumerle that he shoulde not fayle to come at y e day appointed with his company to helpe to do the feate whervnto he was sworne but his minde being altered hée bare the letters streighte to his Father the Duke of Yorke who caused a number of his men forthwith to carrye his son to the King where he shewing his letters the King woulde not beléeue them but the same morning came the Maior of London to the Court and informed him of the matter whervpon the King made no tariance but got him forth toward London in companye of the Maior and other But before the King coulde gette London on his backe his enimies were come to Windesore and entred the Castell with an armed band of 400. meÌ„ on the fourth of Januarie at night where vnderstanding that the King was escaped theyr hands being sore amazed they withdrewe from Windesore vnto Sunning a certaine manour neare to Reading where the Quéene wife to King Richarde then lay where they persuaded hyr houshold that King Richarde was escaped out of Romfrete â—astel and they would go to him from thence they went to Walling forde and after to Abingdon mouing the people to take armes vppon them and to goe méete their King Richarde After this they came to Farindon in the vale of White Horsse in Barkeshire and the same daye to Circester on the xij day late in the eneniâ—g and there harbored with a greate number of men of arâ—es and many Archers ther they bruted that K. Richard was escaped forth of prison and that hée was there with them and to make their words toÌ„ haue the more credite they had got a Chaplaine of King Richardes called Madeleine so like to hym in all proportion and fauor that one could vnneth be descerned from the other many times sayth mine aucthour I haue séene him in Ireland ride with the King his Master so faire a Priest and goodly a person he had not lightly séene They put him in armoure with a Crowne on his Helmet so as all men mighte take him for King Richard On the morrow being Wednesday the people of that towne misliking of their procéedings fought against them and at length toke the chiefest of them and ledde them to the Abbay there and put them in a fayre chamber vnder safe custody And on the Thursday the said Lordes fearing the people imagined howe to escape out of theyr handes and caused some of their seruauntes to sette fire on certaine houses in the Towne thinking that therevppon the people woulde departe from them and séeke to staunche the fire but it chaunced contrarie for the people turned into a maruellous rage against them ranne vppon them with great violence and drew them into the market place and there they beheaded the Duke of Excester the Duke of Surrey and the Earle of Salisburie the thirde day after the Epiphanieâ— their seruauntes that were with them were by and by taken and as prisoners bound and brought to Oxforde and on Monday following were beheaded in the Castell there to the number of .xxvj. persons Also sir Thomas Blount Knight was beheaded with them The wéeke nexte following was beheaded Thomas Spencer Earle of Glocester at Bristow and about the same time was beheaded Iohn Holland Earle of Huntington brother to King Richard on the mothers side at Plashy in Essex not long after was sir Barnarde Bâ—ocas beheaded at London and a Prieste named Iohn Maudelen that was like King Richarde and another Priest called William Feribe The Bishoppe of Carlile was impeached and condemned of conspiracie but was pardoned The sixth day of Februarie King Henrie caused y e blank Charters made to king Richard to be brent at the standert in Cheape of London King Richard was imprisoned in Pomfrait Castel where xv dayes and nightes they vexed him with continuall hunger thirste and colde and finally bereft his life with suche a kinde of death as neuer before that time was knowen in EnglaÌ„d He dyed the xiiij day of Februarie whose body was brought to the tower of London and so through the Cittie to Paules Church bare faced where he stoode thrée dayes for all beholders and had seruice where king Henrie was present From thence he was carryed to Langley and there buried in the church of y e Friers Preachers UpoÌ„ his death the famous and excellente Poet Iohn Gower wrote certaine verses which may be englished thus O Mirrour for the world meete which shouldst in Golde be bette By which all wise men by foresight their prudent wittes may whette Lo God doth hate such rulers as here vitiously do liue And none ought rule that by their life doe ill example giue And this King Richarde witnesseth wel his ende this plaine doth shew For God allotted him such ende and sent him so great woe As such a life deservde as by the Cronicles thou mayst know The King with a great armye went into Scotlande spoyled 1400 the Country and returned to Yorke wher two Knights the one a Frenchman
Egbert who being assaulted oftentimes by Edrike the sonne of Egbert in a cruel 674 fight was shot through with a dart whereof he dyed vnder his Surgeons handes when he hadde raygned thirtéene yeares EDricke the sonne of Egbert within the space of two yeres 686 lost both life and Kingdome After his death y â— kingdome being sometime gouerned by vsurpers and sometime by forreners beganne to decay The Kentishmen by casting of fire did cruelly burne Moll the brother of Cedwal King of the West Saxons and twelue of his Knights with him wherewith Cedwal being moued to fury did miserably harry and spoyle all Kent so that by the space of sixe yeares there was no King in that Country VVIthredus the sonne of Egbert purchasing peace wyth 698 money was then established king in which state he behaued himselfe very honorably both in peace and warre He founded the Priory of Saint Martin at Douer and raigned xxxiâ—j yeres with whoÌ„ king Swebhearde raigned ioyntly in one part of his kingdome EDbert the sonne of Withred walked in his fathers ordinaunces 731 and had like successe and raigned thrée twentie yeare EDelbert his brother succéeded in whose time the Citie of 754 Canterbury as is to be thought was burned by chance he raigned xj yeares ALricke the thirde sonne of Withred ruled Kent after hys 765 brethren and was vanquished in a fought field againste the Mertians he raigned xxxiiij yeares EDelbert or Egbert otherwise called Pren theÌ„ vsurped the kingdome and leauyed warre against the Mertians by 799 whom he was taken prisoner and not long after resisted but the Kentishmen woulde not receiue him Cuthred then vsurped bare a title of a Kentish king for the space of viij yeares BAlbrede then toke on him Princely dignity but Egberte 807 Kyng of West Saxon so discomfited him in battayle that hée fled and forsoke hys Kingdome when he had raigned xx yeare whereby thys kingdome of Kent was vnited to the Kingdome of the West Saxons South Saxons SOuthsex the second Kingdome coÌ„tained the Counties of Southsex and Surrey which had on the Easte side Kent on the South side the Sea on the Weste side Hampshire and on the North the riuer of Thamys it con aineth the diocesses of Chichester and part of Winchester AEle the eight from Woden with his thrée sonnes CimeÌ„ 478 Plencing Cissa came into Brytaine with itj. ships landed in a place called Kimenesore there slew many of the Brytaines and forced the rest to make their flighte into a woodde whiche is called Andredsleage Afterwarde fighting wyth the Brytaines in a place néere vnto Marerodes burne slew many of them and put the reste to flight Then he and Cissa his sonne after long siege brake into the Citie of Andreds Cester and slewe the inhabitantes from the greatest to the smallest and so beganne the Kingdome of Southsex hée raigned xxxvj yeares CIssa hys sonne succéeded he builte the Citie of Chichester 514 and named it after hys owne name he raygned lxxvj yeares EThelwulfus whom Bede nameth Edelwach was christened 590 Eeade First Christened King in Southsex in the prouince of the Mercies in the presence and at the exhortation of King Wulfhere who also at the font was his godfather and in signe of that adoption gaue him two prouinces that is to saye the I le of Wight and the prouince of Manures in the West part of England Wilfride the Bishop came to the prouince of the South-Saxons vnto them did he minister the worde of Faith by the permission and gret reioysing of the King This Bishop Christened the chiefe Lordes and Knightes of the Countrey and the rest of the people at the same time or sone after were Christened by other Priestes The Quéene Ebba was christened in hir I le which was in the prouince of the Vicctans for she was the daughter of Eanfride who was Eanheres brother whiche were both Christian men and all their people But al the prouince of South Saxons had neuer before that time hearde of the name of God nor the faith This Wilfride preached the Gospell and not onelye deliuered the people from the perill of damnation but also from an horrible moraine of temporall death For in thrée yeares before it had not rayned in all those quarters whereby a famine destroyed the people by heapes in somuch that diuerse tymes fortye or fiftie in a companye béeing famished for hunger woulde goe togyther to some rocke or Sea bancke and caste themselues all downe eyther to be killed with the fal or drowned in the Sea but on the same day they receyued Baptisme and Faith there fell a plentifull shoure of rayne wherewith the Earth flourished againe Thys Bishop also taught the people there to get their sustenance by fishing Edilwach gaue vnto Byshoppe Wilfride the lande of fourscoure and seauen tenements where he might place his companye the name of the place was Seolesey In thys Selsee Monestarie in Southsex place he founded a Monasterye to be hys Episcopall Sea CEadwall a valiaunt yong manne of the Weaste Saxons being banished from hys Countrey came wyth an hoste of men and slewe King Edilwach wasted that prouince cruelly murdered and spoyled euery where Edilwach raigned xxv yeares And soone after Ceadwall was driuen out by two Captaines of the Kings Bertham and Anthun which from that tyme dyd holde and kéepe the Dominion of that prouince the chiefe of whyche two was afterwarde slayne of the same Ceadwall being then King of the Weast-Saxons and the prouince subdued and the latter was slaine by Ina. East Angles EAstangles the thirde Kingdome contayned the Countryes of Norffolk and Suffolk Cambridge and the I le of Ely which had on the East and North sids the sea on the West Saint Edmondes Dike with a part of Hertfordshyre and on the South side Essex It contayneth the diocesses of Norwich and Ely VFfa the eight froÌ„ Woden first king of East Angles raigned 492 vij yeares ¶ Titulus raigned xx yeares 499 REdwaldus the tenth from Woden as men write this is he that for the fauour of Edwin killed Edelfride king of 519 W. Malme NorthuÌ„berland The same Redwalde was by y â— perswasion of Edwyne baptised but after by his wiues couÌ„sel he fell froÌ„ the fayth agayn but his sonne Dorwaldus in pure and vncorrupted Christianitie was slaine by the heathen Rochbert Redwaldus raigned xxv yeares ¶ Gerpenwalde raigned xij yeares 554 566 East Angles baptised SIgebertus being broughte vp in Fraunce when he fled the enmitie of Redwald was there baptised wherevpon after his retourne comming to the Crowne of the East Angles and desiring to followe the godly order whiche he had séene in Fraunce set vp a Schole to bring vp children by the helpe and ayde of Byshop Felix whom he toke out of Kent for that purpose appointed them maisters and teachers after the manner of Kentishmen This Felix â—orne in Burgonia was made
in the Market at Rome where when the Citizens beheld them and wondred at their comelynesse and beautie of face amongst other Gregory the Archdeacon of the Apostolicall seate being one asked of what Nation they were vnto whome it was answered that they were the children of Englishmen of the prouince of Deires and subiect to Alla their King but were Painims wherevnto Gregory sayd they shall be taught to sing Alleluâ—a there during the raigne of Alla ouer the Deires ADda the eldest sonne of Ida raigned vpon the Bernitians seauen yeares ¶ Elappea fiue yeares ¶ Theodwald one yeare ¶ Frethulfe seauen yeares ¶ Theodrike seauen yeares ¶ Aethelfride two yeares and all in the life of Bernitianus AEThelrike the sonne of Ida raigned in both prouinces of 582 Wil. Malme Deirie and Bernicia fiue yeares EThelfride brother to Ethelricus made greater spoyle of Marianus Floriacensis the Britaines than all the other Kings of the Angles and vnpeopled and subdued more of their Countreys and made the same tributarie and habitable for Englishmen wherefore Aadan King of the Scottes being greately moued with his happie successe came against him with a mighty Army but was ouercome and put to flight of a few Saxons whiche battell was fought by Ethelfreth in a place called Degsastan in the eleuenth yeare of his raigne and in the first yeare of Phocas the Emperoure This King also long after this time leuyed a newe power and according as Augustine the Archbishop of Canterbury had before spoken marched toward the Citie of Legious which of the Britaines is called Cairlegion and there first slew 1200. Monckes assembled to make prayer vnto God 1200. Monkes slayne for the good successe of their Souldioures in the battell and afterward he ouerthrewe the whole power of the Britaynes host He was slayne by Redwall King of the East Angles in a battell néere vnto a Riuer whiche is called Idle in the yeare of Christ 616. when he had raigned xxvij yeares EDwyne succéeded and droue out the seauen sonnes of 617 First Christian King of Northumberland Marianus Floriacen Wi. King Ethelfride In Anno 626. Paulinus being the thirde Bishop of Rochester was constituted by Iustus then Archbishop of Canterburie to be Bishop ouer the Northumbers and sente by Eadbald to Edwine the King of that nation with his Wife being the daughter of King Ethelbert and sister of the sayde King Eadbald A certayne desperate fellowe named Eomer was sente vnto King Edwine by Guicheline King of the Weast Saxons who came vnto him on Easter day and hauing a naked weapen vnder his garment assayled the King but Lilla his seruant thrust himselfe before y e stroke yet notwithstanding the Kyng was with that stroke wounded throughe the bodye of his faithfull seruaunt The same night the Quéene his wife was deliuered of a daughter whyche vppon Whitsondaye nexte after was the firste that was baptized of Paulinus the Byshop and named Eanfleda In the yeare of Christ 628. Edwine the most mighty king of the Northumbers and his people receiued the word of God at the preaching of Paulinus the Bishoppe this was done in the xj yeare of hys raigne and in the 230. yeare after the arriuall of the Angles in Brytaine Edwine gaue vnto Pauline a Byshops Sea in the Citie Cathedrall Church of Yorke founded of Yorke and began the Cathedrall Church of S. Peter there whiche Church was after finished by King Oswald his successor after this in encreasing of the Christian Faith and heauenly kingdome his earthly possessions did wonderfully encrease for he first of al the Angles broughte Brytaine wholy vnder his subiection sauing the Kingdome of Kent Edwine in the xvij yeare of his raigne and xlviij of hys age was slaine in a battel whiche he fought at Headfeld with the moste valiant Painime Penda King of the Mercies and Ceadwalla Kyng of the Brytaines Paulinus the Bishop buylded Lincolne Minster founded Beade the great Church at Lincolne In the raigne of King Edwine suche was the peace and tranquilitie throughe all Brytaine whiche way soeuer King Edwines dominions lay that a weake woman mighte haue walked with hir newe borne babe ouer all the I and without any domage Moreouer for the refreshing of wayfaring men he ordained cuppes of yron Cuppes of brasse by the high vvayes or brasse to be fastned by such cleare Wels and Fountaines as did runne by the wayes side whych Cuppes no man durst touch further than to his owne present vse necessity for the loue good wil they bare to their prince who was for y e time of his raigne so honored and loued that the triumphant banners were borne before him not in war only but in peace to wheresoeuer he went abroad After the death of Edwine the Kingdome of Northumberland was againe diuided OSriche the sonne of Elfrike who was Edwins vnckle succéeded 633 in the gouernance of Deira And Eanfride the sonne of Ethelfride ruled y e Bernicians but both these forsaking the Christian profession wherein they were instructed yéelded themselues to be defiled with the filth of Idolatry but thys Apostacie was reuenged by Cedwall King of y e Brytans who slewe them bothe and with tragicall slaughter spoyled Northumberland OSwald brother to Eanfride then gouerned this Kingdom 634 who with a small army ouercame the Brytans and slewe Cedwall theyr King at Deniseburne He sent for Aidan a Scot to aduance y e Christian religion among his people assigning to him the Isle of Lindisfarne or holy Iland for his Sea Hée greatly enlarged his Kingdome reconciled the Deirians and Bernitians whych did deadly hate one the other And when he had raigned viij yeres was slaine in a cruel battel at Maserfielde by Penda King of Mercia and canonized a Sainct OSwine brother to Oswald succéeded he buried the heade 642 and armes of Oswald whyche Penda commaunded to be hanged vpon poles His gouernment was greatly disquieted by inuasion of the Mercians rebellion of his own sonne Aelfride and insurrection of Adilwald sonne to Oswald Hée murthered Oswy the sonne of Osrike who ruled Deira béeing traiterously deliuered vnto him at Ingethling where Liber Lichfield â— Rudbernâ— afterwarde a Monasterie was erected But at length he deliuered his Country from forraine inuasion vanquished the Mercians with Penda in a foughte fielde neare the riuer Iewet brought them to his subiection and caused them to be instructed in the Christian Faith He builded a Churche among the Mercians called Lichefielde Lichfield Churche a Byshops sea founded and procured the same to be a Bishops sea in Anno. 657. Duina was first Byshoppe there of Mercia and also of Lindisferne for there were then so fewe Priests that one Byshoppe was compelled to gouerne two Prouinces King Oswine ended his life quietly when he had raigned xxxij yeres EGfride his lawfull sonne then inherited Northumberland 670 he deposed Wilfride of the Bishoprike and appoynted two Bishops ouer the Northumbers Mildred otherwise
doth séeme to beginne in the yeare of our Lord. 591. which number being added do bring forth 905. Adhelwoldus King of the Pagans brought a great armye from Eastsex and the East English whiche robbed and spoyled through all Mercia and the Weaste Countrey vntill they came to Crickalde and there went ouer the Thamis and tooke great spoyles about Bradney King Edward gathered an army and went towarde the Danes but while he tarried his army out of Kent Adhelwolf King of the Danes came vpon him with a great power and badde him battayle wherein Cochricus Adelwolfe kings of the Pagans were slaine In the yeare 910. a battaile was fought at Wodnesfielde a mile North from Wolfrune Hampton in Staffordeshire where VVodnesfielde in Staffordshire VVlfrune Hampton Cowilfus Healidene kings of y â— Pagans with many Erles and Nobles were slaine but of the common people innumerable Aethered Earle of the Mercies dyed and king Edwarde toke into his Dominion London and Oxenforde and all the Countrey adioyning therevnto In the yeare 913. by the Kings commaundement at Hertforde betwixt the riuers of Memeran Benefician and Legian in the North side a Citie is builded In the yeare 914. the Pagans of Northumberlande and Leycester in the Countie of Oxforde toke spoyles and in the kings towne called Hokenorton and in manye other places they slew many people and retourned home againe another army of y â— Danes being horssemen were sent into Hartfordeshire towardes Legeton with whom the men of y â— Countrey encountered and slaying manye of them put the rest to â—â—ight taking theyr horsses and armour with a great praye King Edward leauing certaine to builde a Citie in y â— South Maldon iâ— Essex part of the riuer Lâ—gea with more parte of his armye wente into Essex and encamped at Mealdune where he tarried til a Towne was builded at Witham In the yeare 915. a great Nauie of Danes sayled aboute the West Countrey and landed in diuerse places taking gret prayes and went to their shippes againe The King for strengthning of the Countrey made a Castel at y â— mouth of the water of Auon and another at Buckingham the thirde fast by that is on eyther side of the riuers course one then wente into Northampton and Bedfordshires and subdued the Danes there with their leader called Turketils King Edward builded or new repayred the towns of Tocester Tocester VVigmore and Wigmore In the yeare 918. the Kentish Southrey and East Saxons besieged Colchester and wanne it by force and slew all therein Cogshal a fewe excepted that escaped by flight The same yeare king Colchester in Essex Edward wente to Colchester with an army repayred y â— wals and put a great garrison of souldiours into it The next yeare died the noble Princesse Elfleda wife to HeÌ„rie Bradshaw Reynulâ— Hygden Etheldredus Duke of Mercia and was buryed in the Monasterie of Saint Peter whiche hir Lorde and she before had builded in the Towne of Glocester whiche Monasterie was after throwen to the grounde by the Danes but Aeldredus Bishoppe of Yorke of Worcester made there another which is now the chiefest Church in the towne This noble woman Elfleda réedified the Cittie of Chester she repayred the towne of Tomworth beside Lichfielde Chester Tomvvorth Lichfielde Stafford VVarvvike Shrevvesburie VVatersburie Eldesburie Leycester repayred Runcorn tovvn and castell and Brimsbery vvith the bridge builded Stafford Warwicke Shrewesburie Watrisburie Eldisburie Legeceaster with a towne and Castell in the North ende of Mercia vpon the Riuer of Merse that is called Runcorne she builded a bridge ouer Seuerne called Brimesberie bridge c. When she had once assaied the paines that women suffer in trauayling with childe she euer after refused the embracing of hir husbande saying it was not séemely for any noble woman to vse such fleshly lyking whereof shoulde ensue so great sorrow and paine tamed the Walchmen and in diuerse battayles chased the Danes after whose death Edward helde that Prouince in hys owne hande King Edward builded a newe town against the old town of Notingham on the South side of the Riuer of Trent made Marianus Scotus Wil. Thorne Henrie Hunting Alredus Riual Thilvval built Manchester repayred a bridge ouer the sayde riuer betwéene the two townes he subdued the kings of Scotland Wales he builded a town in y t North end of Mercia by y â— riuer of Merse named it Thilwal and repayred the Towne of Manchester after al which déeds by him done he deceased at Faringdon and was buried at Winchester in the new Church whiche hys father Aâ—lfrede had builded when he had raygne xxiiij yeares A Delstane after the deathe of Edwarde Senior his father 924 Alfridus Beuerla Iohn Leyland Speculum histo Rich. Cirenc was Crowned at Kingstone by Athelmus Archbishoppe of Canturburie His corenation was celebrated in the market place vpon a stage erected on hic that the King mighte beÌ„e séene the better of the multitude He was a Prince of worthy memorie valiant and wise in all his actes and brought W. Malâ—â— thys lande into one Monarchie for he expelled vtterly the Danes and quieted the Walchmen He caused them to paye hym yearely tribute twentie pounde of golde 300. pounde of siluer and 2500. heade of Neate with houndes haukes to a certaine number And after that he had by battayle conquered Scotlande hée made one Constantine king of Scottes vnder him adding this Princely word that it was more honoure to hym to make a King than to be a King He made seuen coyning mintes at Canturburie foure for the King two for the Archbishoppe and one for the Abbot at Rochester iij. two for the king and one Canturb recordes for the Byshoppe besides these in London eight in Winchester W. Lâ—â—bâ—â—â— Sax. Lawes sixe in Lewes two in Hastings two in Chichester one in Hampton two in Warham two in Excester two in Shaftesburie two and in euery good towne one Coyner He founded Saint Germaines in Cornewal which was since T. Rudborn Girardus Coâ—â—ubi a Bishops sea he founded Saint Peâ—rocus at Bodmin he founded Pilton Priorie Midleton and Michelney In his time Guy Earle of Warwicke in acombate slewe Guy of VVarvvicke slevv Colbrond Colbrond the Danish Giant in Hide Meade neare vnto Winchester Athelstane raigned fiftéene yeares and was buried at Io. Lidgat Malmesburie EDmunde the brother of Adelstan tooke on him the gouernaunce 940 of thys realme whose shorte raigne tooke from him the renoume of moste hyghe prayses that should haue redounded to this posteritie for he was a maÌ„ disposed Marianus of nature to noblenesse and Justice hée toke out of the Danes handes the Townes of Lincolne Notingham Darbie Leicester and Stanforde and brought all Mercia to hys Dominion he expulsed the two kings Anlafus the sonne of Sithricus Io. Taxtor and Reginalde the sonne of Cuthberte out of Northumberlande and subdued the Countrey to
reg 2. 1068 Ypodigma Mathild wife to King William came forth of Normandie and on Whitsonday was consecrated Quéene by Aldred Archebyshop of Yorke After this Marleswin Gospatricke and other noble menne of Northumberlande to auoyde king Williams roughe and boysterous dealings taking with them Edgar Etheling and his mother Agatha with his two sisters Margaret and Christian wente by sea into Scotlande where they were receiued and well entertayned of Malcoline king of Scottes who tooke Margaret the sister of Edgar to wife Iohn Rouse King William with his armye wente to Notingham and Castel at Notingham Yorke and Lincolne builded there builded a Castel he went to Yorke and made there two Castels and put in them garisons he coÌ„maunded also Castels to be made at Lincolne and other places This yere Henrie the kings sonne was borne in EnglaÌ„d T. Rudborne Earle of Northumberlande slaine for his eldest sons Robert and William Rufus were borne in Normandie before he Conquered England King William gaue to Robert Commin the Earledome Liber Dunelme Anno. reg 3. of Northumberland who entred by force into Duresme but for his outrages there done he and 900. of his men were slaine by the men of that Countrey in the Bishoppes palace that Sea Cro. had himselfe receyued him honourablye and king William came Afterward vpon them and slewe them euery one Agelricus bishop of Durham being accused of treason was 1069 imprisoned at Westminster And his brother Egelwine being made Bishop there was soone banished The Englishmen that were fledde out of Englande hauyng Edgar to be their Captaine returned out of Scotlande and sodainely set vpon the garisons that King William had sette at Yorke put them to flighte slewe them possessed the Citie and pronounced Edgar to be King but not long after King William came with a great armye and recouered thr Citie constrayning Edgar to retourne into Scollande Edgar seeing he coulde not make his partye good with king William adioyned vnto hym Canutus king of the Danes promising hym halfe of the kingdome Thus they entred Englande and came to Yorke The Normaines that were left to defende the Citie sette Yorke brent their suburbes on fire that their enimies shoulde haue no commoditie of it but the winde droue the fire on high and set all the Cittie on fire so that the garisons were forced to flée into their enimies hands In the â—kirmish were slaine 3000 Normans wherevppon all the North parte of England fell from William to Edgar When William had word of the slaughter of his men hée with great trauel came to Yorke where he fought with hys enimies and put them to flighte Canutus with a few Danes got to their shippes but Edgar and the Englishmen which escaped retourned into Scotland King William spoyled all the Countrey beyonde Humber Such a dearth was in England that men did eate horsses Anno reg 4. Mans flesh good meate Ioh Taxtor 1070 Monasteries rifled cattes dogges and mans flesh King William bereaued all the Monasteries and Abbayes in Englande of theyr golde and siluer sparing neyther chalice nor shrine appropriating the sayd Monasteries and Abbayes to himselfe he also brought vnder Knightes seruice all those Bishoprickes and Abbayes that held Baronies which had bin frée from all secular bondage appointing them howe many souldiours they should finde him and his successours in time of warre In a counsel at Winchester Stigand was deposed as an Ypodigma Stigand deposed Apostata Archebishop who for money got his Bishopricke and Lanfranke was chosen Archbishop of Canturburie Anno. reg 5. 1071 Edwine Earle of Mercia Marcherus Earle of NorthuÌ„berlande and Swardus an Earle with Egelwine Bishop of Durham and many other of the cleargie and laitie kéeping the Noble men fled wooddes for that they were not able to abyde the Kings displeasure at the last came into the I le of Elie Herewarde being their Captaine who sore afflicted that Countrey but king William besieging the I le they all sauing Herewarde submitted them to his plesure who committed some to perpetual prison some he put to death and some he ransomed but Hereward by strong hande broughte his men out of the I le and escaped The Castell of Ledes in Kent was builded by Creueken Anno. reg 6. Ex libro Norâ— Castel of Leder and of Oxforde builded Iohn Rouse 1072 Mathew Paris Yorke subiect to Canturburie Anno reg 7. 1073 Anno reg 8. and the Castel of Oxforde by Robert de Olly two noble men that came into England with William Conquerour In a Counsel holden at Windsore the primacie of y â— church of Canturburie ouer the Churche of Yorke being examined it was founde by good aucthoritie of olde writings that the Church of Yorke ought to be subiect to the Church of Canturburie and faithfully to obey the same King William with a great power inuaded Scotland and forced Malcoline to do him homage and fealtie King William with a greate power of Englishmen wente into Normandâ—e which rebelled and subdued it spoyling the Cities townes vineyardes corne c. Gregory the seauenth Pope excommunicated all committers 1074 Maried priestes remoued Ypodigma Mathew Paris of Simony and remoued maried Priestes from executing of deuine seruice whereof rose greate troubles in England Ranulph Erle of y e East-English by y â— counsel of the Erles Woltheopus Roger trauelled to expel K. WilliaÌ„ out of his kingdome The coÌ„spiracie was concluded at a mariage in y â— Conspiracie Citie of Norwich forthwith they sente to the King of Denmarke desiring his ayde and hauing confederated with the Walchmen euerye one where they came robbed the Kyngs townes King William came sodainly out of Normandie and toke the Earles committing them to prison but the Walchmen he caused to haue theyr eyes put out and some to be hanged Kanut the sonne of Swayne and Hacon the Earle came Anno reg 9. out of Denmarke with 200 saile but when they heard y â— theyr fautors were ouercome they tourned into Flaunders King William caused a castell to be builded at Dirham 1075 Ypodigma commaunded Waltheothus Earle of Northampton and of Huntindon son to Siward duke of Northumberland to be beheaded at Winchester who was buried at Crowland The king sayled into Brytaine and besieged the Castel of Dolens but preuayled not Walter Bishoppe of Durham bought of king William the Bisshop murdered Anno. reg 10 Earledome of Northumberlande wherin he vsed such cruelty that at the length the inhabitants slewe him and an hundred of his men by the riuer of Tine where the Bishop helde his courtes The Earth was harde frozen from the Calendes of Nouember 1076 T. Castleforde Iohn Leyland Anno. reg 11 till the middest of Aprill King William gaue the castel with the town of Pontfrait with land lying there about to Hilbert Lacy a Norman The castel town laÌ„ds about Pontfraite longed before y â— CoÌ„quest to
himselfe so neare y â— with the heate of his harneys he got a disease to the encrease of his sicknesse Also the kings horsse leaping ouer a ditch did burst the inner parts of the K. with the pain wherof he was sore afflilcted and retourned to Roane wher shortly after he ended his life The. ix day of Septem in the yere of King VVilliam dyed our Lord. 1087. when he had rained xx yeres xj monthes lacking fine days his body being brought w t great soleÌ„nitie in Cane in Normandie there to be buried in a Church whiche he had founded a certaine knight boldly forbod the burial of W. Malme him in that place affirming that by title of inheritaunce the ground was his that king William ought not to be buried Burial forbiddeÌ„ to VVilliam Conquerour in the ground which by violence he had obtayned wherfore by consent of Henry his son this reproch was appeased with the payment of an hundred pounde of siluer He had issue by Matild his wife daughter to Baldwin Erle of Flaunders Robert Curthose vnto whom he gaue Normandie Richard that Issue of VVilliaÌ„ Conquerour dyed yong William Rufus vnto whom he gaue England and Henry to whoÌ„ he gaue his wiues inheritance treasure hée had daughters Cicily Abbesse of Cane Constance marryed to Alane Earle of Brytain Adale wife to Stephen Earle of Bloyse Margaret promised to Harold king of EnglaÌ„d Alianor betrothed to Alfonse King of Galicia King WilliaÌ„ commanded all prisoners to be released his tresure to be distributed vnto churches ¶ King William Rufus WIlliam le Rovvse or Rufus the thirde sonne of William Conquerour beganne his raigne the Anno reg 1. ninthe daye of September in the yeare of our Lorde 1087. and was crowned at Westminster by Lanfranke Archbishop of Canturburie y â— first day of October He was variable inconstant couetous cruel hée burdened his people with vnreasonable taxes pylled the ryche and oppressed the poore and what he thus got he prodigally spent in great banqueting and sumptuous apparel for he woulde neyther eate drinke or weare any thing but W. Malme Robert of Glocest S. Albons Cronicl that it coste vnmeasurably déere As for example it was in those dayes written and for vs now to be noted that in a mornyng hys Chamberlayne bringing him a newe paire of hosen he demaunding what they coste and the Chamberlaine The best paire of hose three shillings answering thrée shillings the king being wroth said away begger that thou art are those méete hose for a King to weare bring me a paire of a Marke or thou shalte sore repent it then his Chamberlaine fette another paire that were much worse than the first and sayd â—hâ—y cost a Marke wherewith King William was well pleased Thus farre haue I noted the saying of King William bycause it importeth the simplicitie of apparell in those dayes vsed so farre different from the excesse of this present time Odo Bishop of Bayon and Earle of Kent with his brother 1088 The Nobles â—ebesâ— Robert Earle of Mortaigne and Hereford and almost all the Nobles of England raysed warre against King William and would haue had Robert his eldest brother to be King but King William by fâ—irs words pacifying some of the principall conspirators beséeged the residue in the Castell of Rochester W. Malme and with muche labour lastly ouercame them An Earthquake ouerturned many houses and churches An Earthquake in England Lanfranke Archbishop of Canturbury deceassed He renued Anno reg 2. 1089 the great Church of Canturbury restoring xxv manors to the same He repaired the walles of that Citie builded two Hospitals the one of Saint Iohn the other at Harbaldowne Hospitall of Saint Iohn and Harbaldovvne He restored the Church of Rochester from four secular Clarkes to fiftie Monkes He alwayes attended his booke and trauelled to correct the corruption of Writers When Lanfranke was dead King Wilham kept in his owne hands the Churches and Monasteries of England after Mathew Paris G. Lilly their pastours were dead making great spoyle and lotting them out to ferme King William making warre against his brother Robert Anno reg 3. 1090 King VVilliam made vvarre on his brother Duke of Normandy tooke the Castels of Wallarroke and of Albemarle making great spoyle in his brothers Countrey but at length agréemente was made betwéene them that Robert should giue vp into the Kings hands the Castels that he had gotten of him and the King shoulde helpe him to get all that his father had England only excepted and also if one of them dyed without issue the other should succéede in the inheritance to which couenant were sworne twelue Princes of the Kings side and twelue Barons on the Dukes side Malcoline King of Scottes did homage and fealtie to King of Scots did homage Mathew Paris Great tempest King William of England A great tempest sell on Saint Lukes day in â—imdry places of England specially in Winchcombe where a great part of the Stéeple was â—uerthrowne with thundering and lightning and in London the winde ouerturned 606. houses and 606. houses ouerturned the rouâ—e of Bow Church in Cheape wherewith some persons were slayne foure of the â—afters of 20. foote in length were with such violence pitched into the stréeâ—e that scantly Wil. Malme Gualter Couen foure foote of them remayned aboue grounde whiche were fayne to be â—â—t euen with the same grounde bycauâ—e they could not be plucked out About this time one Iustinus sonne to Gurguntus Earle Anno reg 4. of Glamorgan and Morgannoke refusing to obey Rhesus sonne to Theodore Prince of South-wales sente Aeneas The vvinning of Glamorgan and Morganoke out of the VVelchmens hands sonne to Gediâ—orus sometyme Lorde of Demeâ—ia into England to take muster of Souldioures and there receyued a great Armie vnder the conduct of one Robert Fitzhamon and ioyning with other tables out of Went and Breciniâ— met with Rhesus in Blacke hâ—ll and there â—â—ewe him and sâ— paying the Englishmen their wages discharged them But they taking regard vnto the goodnesse of the soyle and the great variance which was then amongst the Welchmen as in foretime the Saxons had done they turned their force of armes against those which had entertayned them and soone displaced them wholly of all the Champion and the best of the Countrey which Robert Fitzhamon diuided amongst twelue Knightes whiche he broughte with him reseruing the better parte to hymselfe who building there certayne Castels and ioyning their power togither defended their Farmes and Lordships whiche they had taken and possessed whose heires peaceably enioy the same vnto this day but Iustinus scarsely reserued to himselfe and his the hilly Countrey The names of the twelue Knightes were these 1 William Lowdon 2 Richard Granuille 3 Paganus Turberuille 4 Robert Saintquiâ—tiâ—â— 5 Richard Siward 6 Gilbert Vmfreuill 7 Roger Berkerowle 8 Reynald Sully 9 Peeter Soore
10 Iohn Fleming 11 Oliuer Saint Iohn 12 WilliaÌ„ Easterling now for shortnes called Sâ—radling Thus was the Lordship of Glamorgan Morgannoke wonne out of the Welchmens hands whiche Lordship conteyned in length from Râ—mid bridge on the East side to Pallekinan in the West side 27. miles The breadth from the Hauen of Aberthaw on the South side to the confine of Breknokeshire about Morleys Castell is 22. miâ—â—â— In this Prouince are neath vpon a Riuer of the same name Pontfaine that is to say Stone bridge sometimes called Cowbridge Lantwid Wenny Dinwid Townes and Castels besides Caer Phili a most antient Castell fortresse which by reporte was erected by the Romanes and Caerdid the Humfrey Lâ—â—yd principall Towne of the Shire standing vpon the Riuer Tafe Englishmen tearme it Cardid or Gardife Also within the body of the said Lordship were eightene Castels and â—6 Knightes fées and a halfe that helde of the same Lordship by Knights seruice besides a great number of frée holders Also the saide Lordship being a Lordship Marcher or a Lordship Royall and holden of no other Lordship the Lordes thereof euer since the winning of the same owing their obedience only to the Crowne haue vsed therein Iura regalia with the triall of all actions as well reall as personall and pleas of Crowne with authoritie to pardon all offences Treason only excepted King William W 〈…〉 Northumberland where he repaired 1091 Nevv Castell Sarisburie Anno reg 5 such Castels as the Scottes had impayred and builded the newe Castell on Tine Osmond Bishop of Sarisburie founded the Cathedrall Church of old Sarisburie and on the morrow after the dedication thereof the Stéeple was fiered by lightning In England fell wonderfull abundance of rayne and after 1092 Great Frost Mathew Paris Wil. Malme ensued so great frost that horsses and cartes passed commonly ouer great Riuers which when it thawed the Yse brake downe many great bridges Hugh Lupus Earle of Chester sente into Normandy for Abbey of Chester Anselme by his counsell to builde an Abbey at Chester of Saint Werbridge King William lying sicke at Glocester for feare of death Mathew Paris promised to correct the wicked Lawes He gaue the Archbishoprike of Canturbury to Anselme Anselme Archbishop and to his Chancellour Robert Bloet the Bishoprike of Lincolne but when the King had recouered his health he was sorie that he had not sold the Bishoprike of Lincolne Malcolme King of Scottes comming into Englande was King of Scottes flayne met withall and sodeinly â—â—ayne with his sonne and heire also by Robert Mowbray Earle of Northumberland Iohn Bishop of Welles by noynting the Kings handes Bishopricke at Bathe Levves in Suffex Anno reg 6. 1093 Carelile repayred and the Castell builded Famine â—â— Beuerla Thomas Rudburn transposed his Bishops seate to Bathe William Waren first Earle of Surrey and Gundred his wife founded the Abbey of Lewes in Sussex King William builded againe the Citie of Carelile which was destroyed by the Danes 200. yeares before He also builded a Castell there and out of the South parts of England sent men to inhabit This yeare was a great famine and after so great a mortalitie that the quicke were scant able to bury the dead King William made great warres in Normandy against his brother Robert through the whiche both England and Normandy were fore oppressed with exactions Exactions VVâ—lâ—chmen vvon Angleâ—ey The Welchmen spoyled the Citie of Glocester with a part of Shrewsburie and woonne the Isâ—e of Anglesey The Bishopricke of Thetford was translated to Norwich Bishopricke at Norvvich Anno reg 7. 1094 Northumberland spoyled by Herbert Losing Bishop there King William sent his brother Henry into Northumberland with a great power bycause Robert Mowbrey Earle of that Countrey refused to come to the Kings Court the Countrey was spoyled the Earle was taken and many were disherited Some had their eyes put out c. King William with a great power entred Wales but not King VVilliam inuaded vvales being able to followe the Welchmen among the hilles he builded two Castels in the borders and returned Great preparation was made by the Christians to goe Anno reg 8. 1095 〈…〉 to Hierusalem against the Infidels at Hierusalem Peter the Hermite being their first leader and after Godfrey of Lorraine called Godfrey of Bolleine Robert Duke of Normandy tooke his iourney towards Anno reg 9. 1096 Normandy pavvned An. reg 10. 1097 Nice and Antioch vvoon Hierusalem and layde Normandy to gage to his brother King William for 6666. poundes of siluer The Dukes Godfrey Beamonde and Robert beséeged the Citie of Niece with 6000. horsemen and 10000. footemen and tooke the same with the wife of Soliman and his sonnes They also tooke the Citie of Antioch King William with an armie of horsemen and footemen wente the seconde time into Wales meaning to kill all the male kinde there but he could vnneth kill or take any one of them All the lands in Kent that sometime belonged to Earle Hector Boetius Godvvin sands Godwine by breaking in of the Sea were couered with Sands and therefore is yet called Godwine Sands King William was in Normandy and gaue himselfe to Exactions An. reg 11. 1098 An. reg 12. 1099 Hierusalem vvonne warres there so that with exactions and tributes he did not only shaue but flea the people of England Hugh Earle of Shrewsburie was slayne in Anglesey by the Irishmen The Christians tooke the Citie of Hierusalem and placed there a King and a Patriarche After King Wilham was come out of Normandy he kept his Courte at Westminster in the new Hall which he had then caused to be builded the length whereof is 270. foote VVestminster Hall P. Patauiensis and the breadth 74. foote and hearing men say it was too bigge he answered this Hall is not bigge ynough by the one halfe and that it was but a Chamber in comparison Io. Euersden of that he was about to make A diligent searcher might Mathew Paris Io. Rouse yet find out the foundation of the Hall which he had purposed to builde stretching from the Thames side vnto the common strééte King William being a hunting in the new Forest word was brought him that his people were beséeged in Mayne he forthwith tooke shipping though he were vehemently perswaded to the contrary for that there was at that time a great tempest to whome he answered he neuer heard that any King was drowned At this time he gote more honor VVord of VVilliam Rufus Mathew Paris than euer he did in all his life for he chased his enemies and returned with victory In this Sommer bloud sprang out of the earth at Finchamstede Anno reg 13 in Barkeshire King William on the morrow after Lammas day hunting 1100 There standeâ—â— a Chappell King VVilliam slayne Wil. Malme Mathew Paris Radulphus Niger in the new Forrest of Hampshire in a
of Saint Iohn in Colchester of blacke Channons and those were the first in England Simon Earle of North-hampton and Mawde his wife Saint Andrevve in North-hampton Ex Carta â—o Rouse 1106 Anno reg 7. Elder brother seeketh fauour of the yonger founded the Monasterie of Saint Andrew in North-hampton Robert Duke of Normandy came to his brother at Northhampton and friendly desired him to beare brotherly loue foward him but King Henry féeling his conscience accusing him for obteyning the Kingdome by defrauding of his elder brother and fearing men more than God first he reconciled the Nobles of the Realme with faire promises thinking afterwards to make amende for his great wrongs by founding of an Abbey The Duke returning into Normandy the King followed with a great power where betwéene them were many sore battayles fought but at the last the valiant man Roberte was taken This yeare appeared a blasing Starre from thrée of the A Blasing Starre Mathew Paris clocke till nine And on the Maundy Thursday was séene two full Moones one in the East and another in the West The first Chanons entred into the Church of our Lady T Rudborne Saint Mary Ouery Liber Roffensis â—o Reuerla 1107 Anno reg 8. in Southwarke called Saint Mary Ouery fouÌ„ded by William Pountlarge Knight and Wiliam Daneys Normans Aigedus was first Prior there WheÌ„ King Henry had set in order Normady according to his pleasure he returning into England brought with him his brother Robert Wâ—rlham of Morton put them in perpetuall prison froÌ„ wheÌ„ce shortly after Duke Robert deceiuing The yonger brother puttetâ— out the eyes of his elder his kepers sought to escape but he was takeÌ„ as he fled by his brothers coÌ„mandement had his eies put out kept streighter till his dying day This yeare the Priorie of the holy Trinitie within 1108 Priorie of the Trinitie in London Liber trini Aldgate of London was founded by Matild the Quéene in the Parishes of Mary Magdalen Saint Michael Saint Katherine and the holy Trinitie all whiche are nowe but one Parish of Christ Church in old time called holy Roode parish W. Dunthorne She gaue to the same Priorie the port of Aldgate with the stocke therevnto beloÌ„ging which was of hir demaynes and is now called Aldgate Warde King Henry with sundry expeditions brought vnder him the Welchmen and to pull downe their stoutenesse he Anno reg 9. Wâ—it Malme Gerua Doro Flemings sent into VVales sent all the Flemings that inhabited England thither which of late were come hither when great part of Flanders was drowned and also in time of his father by aliance of his mother in so muche that through their greate multitude they séemed gréeuous to the Realme wherefore he sente them ali with their substance and kindred into Rose a CoÌ„untrey of Wales aâ— into aâ— stucke that he mighte clense the Realme of them and also suppresse the wildnesse of the enimie and not long after he made expedition thither compelling the Welchmen to giue him for pledges the sonnes of the Nobilitie with some money and much Cattell and returned Henry Emperour of Rome sente messengers into England requiring to haue Mawde the Kings daughter giuen 1109 Anâ— reg 10. him in mariage which was granted by the King who then tooke thrée Shillings of euery hide of lande through England The King translated the Abbey of Eoly into a Bishopricke A Taxe Iohn Taxtor EelyÌ„ a Bishoprick Mathew Paris â—ibermoÌ„n Elie. and made Haruey Crust Bishop of Bancor Bishop there A Comete appeared after a strange fashion for it was risen out of the East and astended vpwards A great Earthquake was at Shrewesburie and the water 1110 Anno reg 11 A Comete Trent dried vp Floria censis of Trent at Nottingham was dryed vp from one of the clocke till thrée King Henry maryed Robert his bastard son to Mawde Floriacen daughter and heire to Robert Fatzham and made him the first Earle of Glocester who after builded the Castels of Bristow Castels at Bristovv and Cardife Saint Iames at Bristovv Kensham 1111 Anno reg 12 Mathew Paris and Cardeffe with the Priorie of S. Iames in Bristowe where his body was buryed And his sonne Earle William began the Abbey of Kensham King Henry went into Normandy to make war against the Earle of Angiew whiche kept Maine againste the Kings will and spoyled the whole Countrey William Baynard vnder whome Lady Iuga helde the Cro. Dun. title of Dunmow by misfortune lost his Barony and King Henry gaue it wholly to Robert the sonne of Richard the Robert Fitâ—â— Richard sonne of Gilbert Earle of Clare and to his heires togither with the honor of Baynards Castell in London and the appurtenances This Robert was Cupbearer or Butler to the King Aboute this time Gefferey Clinton Treasourer and 1112 Anno reg 13 Kenelvvorth Priory and Castell founded Lib. Ken. Chamberlayne to King Henry the first founded the Priorie at Kenelworth of regular Chanons Geffery Clinton the yonger confirmed to the Chanons all which Geffery his father gaue them except those landes which his father reserued to make his Castell and Parke on in Kenelworth This yeare was a great mortalitie of men and moreine Mathew Paris of Beastes The Citie of Worcester the chiefe Church the Castell 1113 Anno reg 14. Floriacen Cro. Hautenprice and all other buildings one of the Monkes with two seruants and fiftéene CitizeÌ„s were all brent the twentith day of July The King subdued the Walchmen The King caused all his Nobles to sweare to William his sonne The tenth of October the Riuer of Medway by no small 1114 Anno reg 15 Thames and Medvvay dried vp number of miles did so fayle of water that in the midst of the Chanell the smallest Uessels and Boates coulde not passe The selfe same day the Thamis did suffer the like lack of water for betwéen the Tower of London and the bridge and vnder the Bridge not only with Horse but also a greate Thomas de Wike Walter Couen Iohn Taxtor William Sheepehead Liber Roffensis Chichester brent A blasing starre 1115 Anno reg 16 Liber trinitatis number of men and children did wade ouer on foote whiche defecte of water did endure the space of two dayes Chichester with the principall Monasterie was brent There was many stormes and a blasing Starre This yeare through an hard Winter almost all the bridges in England were borne downe with Yse Edgar sometime King of England granted vnto thirtéene Knightes a portion of grounde without the walles of the Citie of London lefte voyde in the East part of the same Citie Knighten Gild novv Portsoken vvard togither with a gilde which he named Knighten Gild that now is called Portsoken warde and now the Church of the holy Trinitie being founded within Aldgate of London by Mathild then Quéene as is afore shewed The successors of those Knightes to
Mathew Paris Geruasius Battaile of the standarde Cro. Hautenprice the possession of the realme according to their othe made to hir In the meane time Dauid king of Scots promising to recouer the crowne of England for the Empresse Mawde hys Néece in most cruell wise inuaded Northumberland where by Thrustone Archbishop of Yorke the Scottes had an ouerthrow at Conton more than foure myles Northweast from Alnertâ—â— and were slaine aboue x. thousand In the moneth of July Robert Earle of Glocester retourned 1139 The Empresse returned into England Geruasius into England with his sister the Empresse and a gret armie which arriued at Portesmouth The Empresse was receiued into Arundel castel by Adelize late wife to king Henry as then wife or Concubine to William Earle of Arundel Earle Robert wente to Wallingforde and thence to Glocester and raised those Countries The king helde his siege before Marleborough but aduertised Marleborough besieged of the Empresse arriuall he hasted towardes Arundel where being by faire spéech pacified he commanded his brother Bishoppe of Winchester to bring the Empresse vnto Bristowe and he himself followed Earle Robert with his army The Empresse stayed at Bristow till October and then went to Glocester hir comming thither being knowen Miles the high Conestable and many other nobles toke part with hyr against king Stephen The king besieged Wallingforde Castell but profited not VValingford castel besieged Floriacensis and therefore raysing a Tower of woodde before it stuffed it with men of warre and went to win the Castell of Malmesburie The armye of Earle Robert wanne the Citie of Worcester brent the moste part of it and laden with the spoyle departed thence The Shirife of that Citie in reuenge hereof destroyed the towne of Sudley and with the spoyle thereof retourned to Worcester After this the King with a great army came from Oxford to Worcester where he gaue the honour of high Conestableship Anno. reg 5. being taken from Miles of Glocester vnto William the sonne of Walter Beauchampe Shirife of Worcester and then retourned to Oxforde and so to Salisburie The King went to Reading and after with hys army towardes 1140 Notingham spoyled Geruasius Doro. Ely but the Bishoppe fledde to Gloucester to Earle Robert and the King wanne the Castell of Ely Robert Earle of Glocester with a gret power inuaded the towne of Notingham and spoyled it the townes men were taken slaine or brent in the Churches wherevnto they fled One of them more rich than the others was taken and led Anno. reg 6. NotinghaÌ„ brent to his owne house by his takers to shewe them where hys treasure lay he bringing them into a low seller whilest they were busie to break open lockes Coffers he conueyed him self away shutting the doores after him set sire on y e house and soothe théeues to the number of thirtie were brent and by reason of this fire all the towne was set a fire and brent Kyng Stephen besieged Lincolne againste Ranulph Earle of Chester but Roberte Earle of Glocester came with a great 1141 Lincolne besieged King Stephen taken power and rescued the same chased the Kyngs armye and tooke him prysoner on Candlemas day firste he was had to Glocester and after to Bristowe there committed to prison The Empresse reioycing at this hir good happe departed from Glocester and came to Ciceste r with Byshops Barons and other in greate number from thence she went to Winchester where mette hir Lordes spirituall and temporall in great number the Citie with the tower and Crowne of the Realme was deliuered into hir hands The Bishop of Winchester that was king Stephens brother The Empresse obtayneth thè Crovvne accursed al that stoode against the Empresse and blessed those that tooke hir part From thence she departed to Wilton where the Archbishoppe of Canturburie came and saluted hyr When Easter was paste she went to Reding where she was receiued with all the honour that mighte be thence she went to Oxforde where the Castell was deliuered vnto hyr by Robert de Olly then went she to Saint Albons and was receyued with all honour Here the Citizens of London came and yéelded their Citie to hir wherevpon she went to London and so to Westminster where she being receyued with procession remained certain dayes taking order for the state of the Realme King Steuens wife and many Péeres of the realm made Ypodigma Geruasius Do. Floriacensis suite to the Empresse to haue the King restored to libertye and not to the kingdome promising to perswade with hym to become a Monke but she woulde not heare The Bishop of Winchester requested hir to giue vnto Eustace his nephew King Steuens sonne his fathers Earledome but it woulde not be The Citizens of London required hir to restore Kyng Edwardes lawes but she being puffed vp with pride would not graunte theyr requeste wherevppon they conspired to take hir prisoner but she aduertised hereof fled with shame The Empresse fledde leauing behinde hir all hir furniture of housholde and apparell Henrie Bishop of Winchester casting which way to deliuer his brother perswaded the Londoners to ayde him The Empresse got hir to Oxforde and froÌ„ thence to Gloucester and Ypodigma Floriacences Geruasius theÌ„ with hir assured friend Miles again to Oxforde bycause she trusted most in him she to do him honour gaue him the Earledome of Heneforde and now hauing got a great army about Lammes wente againe to Winchester and lodged in the Castel there The Bishop abashed of hir sodayn coÌ„ming departed out at one gate as she came in at another he getting a great army with the help of the Londoners besieged the Citie and the seconde of August committed the Citie to the VVinchester brent Geruasius Floriacensis fire with the whiche the Nunry and houses of office with more than twentie Churches some write xl and a greate part of the Citie with the Monasterie of Saint Grimbald the houses thereto belonging were brought to ashes About the exaltation of the crosse the Empresse being wearied of long siege got hir to horssebacke with hir brother Reginalde Earle of Cornewal and many other Earle Robert followed with a great number of Lords knights but the Bishops men setting on them slewe tooke a great number The Empresse fled to the Castel of Lutegershal heauy and The Empresse fled almost deade for feare from thence she was brought to the Castell of Vies and from thence to Glocester bound in a horse-litter like a deade carcasse Earle Robert being pursued was taken at Stobbridge w e Earle of Gloster taken Erle Waren and many other and presented to the Quéene as then new entred into Winchester Earle Robert was deliuered to William de Ypers who put him in prison in the Castel of Rochester Myles Erle of Hereford hardly escaped and came to Glocester Earle of Hereforde fled almost naked The Bishops men brent the Monasterie of Nuns at
After them Awburie de Vere Portgraue and Robert de Barquerel Prouost In the time of King Stephen Gilbert Becket Portgraue and Andrew Buchennet Prouost In the time of King Henrie the second Peter Fitz Walter Portgraue After him Iohn Fitz Nigelly Portgraue After him Ernulfus Buchel Portgraue After him William Fitz Isabel Portgraue These Portgraues are also in diuerse Recordes called Vicecomites or Sherifes for that they then farmed the Sherifwike of the King as the Shirifes of London doe at this day Iohn Beuar and some authors as Iohannis Beuar and other do cal them Domes men or Judges of the Kings Court. This yeare the Citizens of London obtayned to be gouerned Baylifes by two Baylifes whiche in diuerse auntiente records are also called Sherifes for that they like as the Portgraues farmed the Sherifewike They also obtained to haue a Maior to be their principal gouernour and lieuetenaunte of the Citie as of the Kings Chamber The names of the first Baylifes or Shirifes who entred at the feast of Saint Michael the Archangell were as followeth Sherifes Henrie Cornehil Richard Reinery Maior Henrie Fitz Alwyne Fitz Leofstan Goldsmith The first maior firste Maior of London and continued Maior during his life that was foure and twentie yeares as appeareth by a very antient Recorde sometime pertayning to the Nunrye of Clerkenwel contayning as a perfite register all such Register of Clerkenvvel grauntes of landes as was made to them by anye which hath diuerse déeds where vnto Henrie Fitz Alwyne first Maior of London is a witnesse dated the 1. 2. 3. 4. c. of Richard the first And for a more proofe I finde recorded in the Guilde Hal Consuetud de LoÌ„ in a booke called the Customes of London a constitution or order howe Citizens shall procéede in buildings betwéene Citizen and Citizen whyche constitution begynneth thus In the yere of our Lord. 1189. the first yere of the raigne of king Richard Henry Fitz Alwyne being Maior who was the first Maior of London it was prouided and ordayned c. Other proofes might be shewed out of diuerse auntiente Recordes but these are sufficient King Richard betooke the guiding of this land to William 1190 Gouernour of Englande VVilliam Bishop of Ely King Robert toke his voyage ouer to Ierusalem Geruasius Ypodigma Longshampe Bishop of Ely Chauncellour of England and y â— foure and twentith daye of Februarie he tooke his scrip and staffe at Canturburie and the sixth of Marche toke the Sea at Douer and transported ouer The second of July the two Kings of England of France met at Towers and from thence set forward on their iourney towards Ierusalem The towne of Mawling in Kent with the Nunry was coÌ„sumed with fire The Jewes in the townes of Norwich Saint Edmunds Burie Lincolne Stamforde faire and Linne were robbed and spoyled Ievves slevv themselues And at Yorke to the number of 500. besides women and children entred a tower of the castel which the people assailing the Jews profered money to be in safetie of their liues but the Christians would not take it wherevpon their men of law sayde to them it is better for vs to die for our lawe than to fall into the handes of our enimies and they all agréeing to that Counsell cut the throtes of their wiues and children and cast them ouer the walles on the Christians heades the residue they locked vp in the kings lodging and burnt both the house and themselues Geffrey Archebishoppe of Yorke retourning from Rome Archbishop of of Yorke dravven from the Alter to prison Ralphe Cogshall and now consecrated arriued at Douer with his traine whoÌ„ Matthew de Clare by the commaundemente of the Kings chaunceller entring with violence into the Church of Saint Martins le Grande in London drew from the Alter and so caried him to prison William Bishoppe of Ely builded the vtter wall aboute Anno reg 2. W. Diâ—â—thorne A ditch made about the tovvre of London Richarde Sothwel the Tower of London and caused a déepe ditche to be made about the same thinking he coulde haue caused the riuer of Thamis to goe rounde aboute it but he bestowed great cost in vainâ— Sherifes Iohn Herlion Roger Duke Maior Henrie Fitz Alyne King Richarde subdued the I le of Cipers and then ioyning Mathew Paris Rog Houed Galfâ—idâ—â— Vinisâ—l his power with Phillip the French Kings in Asia conquered Acon where there grewe betwéene the two Kings a gréeuous displeasure for which cause Phillip shortly departed thence and comming into Fraunce inuaded the Country of Normandie Iohn brother to King Richard toke on him the kingdom Arbor Successiâ—nis of England in his brothers absence Robert Earle of Leicester dyed in his iourney to Ierusalem King Richard restored to the Christians the Cittie of Ioppa and in manye battayles putte the Turkes to greate sorrow The bones of the most famous King of Brytaine Arthur 1191 were found at Glastenburie in a goodly olde seâ—ulchre about the which stoode two pillers in which were letters written which by reason of the great barbarousnesse of the laÌ„guage and the foulenesse no body coulde reade vpon the sepulture was a crosse of leade whereon was written here lyeth the Anno reg 3. noble king of Brytains Arthur Sherifes William Hauerell Iohn Bucknote Maior Henrie Fitz Alwyne William Bishoppe of Ely did commonlye ride with 500. Iohn the kings brother rebelled horsses and gréeued Abbayes by meane of his lodging wyth them he withstoode Iohn the Kings brother who sayde hée wist not if his brother Richard were aliue or not To whom the Bishop aunswered if King Richard be yet liuing it were vntrueth to take from him the Crowne If he be deade Arthure the elder brothers sonne muste enioye the same King Richarde exchaunged Cipres wyth Guy of Lesingham 1192 Ex anniles â—lieâ— Vita Gâ—â—ngâ— câ—â—â— for the Kingdome of Ierusalem wherefore the King of Englande a long time after was called King of Ierusalem The Bishoppe of Ely legate to the Pope Chauncellour Rogeâ— Houed The Bishoppe put to his shifts Geruasius Doro. of Englande and gouernour of the Realme was forced to take the Tower of London for hys refuge wherein Earle Iohn besieged him at lengthe the Bishoppe getting licence to depart went to Douer but he was there forced to sweare that he woulde not departe the Realme yet béeing in a maruellous disquietnesse of minde he putte off hys mannes apparell put on womans meanyng so to escape whylest hée goeth vppe and downe on the shore bearing a webbe of clothe on hys arme as hée woulde sell it styll wayting for a shippe a sorte of women pulled off his kerchiefe and threwe him to the grounde and after beate hym and drewe hym along the sandes wherevpon great crye beyng made the Burgesies ranne and with muche a doe gotte hym from among them and kepte hym strayghtlye tyll he hadde obtayned licence to departe the Realme Anno
Castel on the fiftéenth of August on which daye hée caused to be hanged to the number of 8â— men of armes and other souldiours Falcatius de Brent who was fledde into Wales hearing that the Castel was taken and his men slain vnder the conduct of the Byshoppe of Couentrie came to Bedforde and fel at the kings féete requiring mercy The Kyng deliuered him to Eustace Bishop of London and the Castell was made an heape of stones There was graunted to the King throughout Englande two shillings for euery carucat of land Caruage graÌ„ted Gray Friers Registrum fratrumminoram The Friers Minours first arriued at Douer nine in number fiue of them remayned at Canturburie and did there build the first CoueÌ„t of Fries Minours that euer was in England the other foure came to London and lodged at the preaching Friers the space of fiftéene daies and then hyred an house in Cornhil of Iohn Trauers one of y t Sherifes they builded there little Celles wherein they inhabited The deuotion of the Citizens towardes them and also the multitude of Friers so encreased that they were by the Citizens remoued to a place in Saint Nicholas Shambles whyche Iohn Iwyn Citizen and Mercer of London appropriated vnto the comunaltie of the Citie to the vse of the sayde Friers and became himselfe a lay brother Anno reg 9. William Ioynar builded their quire Henrie Wales sometime Maior of London the body of the Church Walter Potter Alderman the Chapterhouse Gregorie Roksle the Dortar Barthelmew of the Castel made the Refertorie This yeare the King graunted to the comunaltie of the the Citie of London to haue a common seale Iohn Trauers Andrew Bokerel the. 28. of September Sherifes Maior 1225 Fifteene Great charter confirmed Richard Renger the. 28. of October The xv part of al mens goods mouable within y â— realm as wel of the Cleargie as of the Laitie was granted to the King to ayde him in his right beyond the Seas and the king granted to the Barons and people the liberties which they long time had sued for he caused charters to be made and sent into euery Country twaine one of the common Liberties and the other of the Forrest Richard the kings brother and his vncle William Earle Gascoin subdued Anno reg 10. of Salisburie and many other were sent into Gascoigne who subdued the same and recouered Poyters Roger Duke Martin Fitz William the. 28. of September Sherifes Maior 1226 Free vvarren free toll Anno reg 11 Richard Renger the. 28. of October The King graunted to the Citizens of London frée warren that is to say frée libertie to hunt a certain circuit about the Citie And also that the Citizens of London shoulde passe toll frée throughout all England and that al weres in Thamis should be plucked vp and distroyed for euer Roger Duke Martin Fitz William the. 28. of September Sherifes Maior 1227 Richard Renger the 28. of October The King blaming the Citizens of London bycause they hadde giuen to Lewes the Frenche King nowe deceased at his departure out of England 500. markes he compelled them to pay the like summe to him beside the xv parte of theyr moueables and of the Burgeses of Northampton hée toke 1200. markes In a Counsell at Oxforde the King proclaymed that Charters canceled for as much as he was nowe of lawfull age he woulde rule hymselfe at hys pleasure and forthwith made all y e charter of y e Liberties Forrests to be frustrate alledging that they were graunted whiles he was vnder warde of other and had not power of his owne bodie so it followed y t who so woulde enioy the liberties afore graunted muste renewe their charters of the kings new seale with such a price as the Justiciar awarded them Richard the Kings brother returned into Englande was made Earle of Cornewal at Westminster Hubert de Burgo was made Earle of Kent Shortly after the Barons declared vnto the king that except he would restore the Charter of liberties of the Forest which lately he had canceled at Oxford they would compel him by the sworde Anno reg 12 Sherifes Maior 1228 Anno reg 13 Stephen Bokerel Henrie Cocham the. 28. of September Roger Duke the. 28. of October The King corrected the measures and weyghtes and made them bigger In the Sommer was often greate thunder and lightning which brent many houses and slew both men and beastes Stephen Bokerell Henrie Cocham the. 28. of September Sherifes Maior 1229 Anno reg 14 Roger Duke the. 28. of October Robert Lingham Bishop of Salisburie by the Kings help prosecuted the building of the newe Churche at Salisbuburie which his predecessour Richard did translate William Winchester Robert Fitz Iohn the. 28. of Septem Sherifes Maior 1230 Mathew Paris Darkenesse in Paules Churche Roger Duke the. 28. of October Upon the day of Saint Paules Conuersition when Roger Niger Bishop of London was at Masse in the Cathedrall Church of Saint Paule a greate multitude of people being there sodainely the weather waxed darke that one coulde scantly sée another in the Churche and sodainely an horrible Thunder clappe lighted on the Churche that the same was shaken as though it shoulde haue fallen and out of a darke cloude came such lightning that all the Churche séemed to be on fire and such a stincke that all men thought they shoulde haue died Thousandes of men and womenne ran out of the Churche and being astonied fell vppon the grounde voyde of al vnderstanding none of al the multitude taried in the Churche saue the Bishoppe and one Deacon which stoode stil at the high Alter awayting the wil of God Anno reg 15 King Henrie with a great army sayled into Brytaine wher after spoylyng the Countrey a peace was concluded Anno reg 15 Iohn Beuer. Sherifes Maior 1231 Gilbert of Clare Earle of Glocester dyed in Brytaine Richard Walter Iohn of Woborne the. 28. of September Roger Duke the. 28. of October Richard the Kings brother married Isabel Countesse of Glocester late wife to Gilbert Earle of Glocester lately deceased and sister to William Marshal Earle of Penbroke and the marriage being scantly finished the sayde William died and was buried in the new Temple at London by his father His brother Richard succéeded him in the Earledome Leolin Prince of Wales spoyled the lands of the Barons Nicho. Triuet Anno reg 16 that were on the borders of Wales wherefore the king gathered a great power at Oxford and went against the Walshmen and builded the Castell of Matilde which before hadde bene destroyed The Jewes builded a Sinagoge at London very curiously Ievves sinâ—goge Iohn Shepeshed but the Christians obtayned of the king y t it should be dedicated to our blessed Lady Michael of Saint Helen Walter de Buffel the. 28. of Sept. Sherifes Maior 12â—2 Andrew Bokerel Peperer the 28. of October Ranulph Earle of Chester and Lincoln dyed at Walingford and was
Pallace of Westminster men did row with wherries in the midst of the Hall and they rode on Horsebacke to their Chambers A Parliament at Marton wherein was made the Statutes Anno reg 21 Statutes of Marton Sherifes Maior 1237 of Marton Henry Cocham Iordan of Couentry the 28. of Septem Andrew Bokerell Peperer the 28. of October By the Kings procurement Octobon a Cardinall came into England as Legate from y e Pope the second day of July This yeare passed a stormie and troublesome weather and very vnhealthfull so that no man coulde remember that euer so many folkes were sicke of the ague Iohn Scot last Earle of Glocester deceassed and the Countrey Anno reg 22 Nic. Triuet Iohn Beuer. Sherifes Maior returned to the King for lacke of heires Iohn Tolason Geruas the Cordewenor the 28. of Sept. Andrew Bokerell Peperer the 28. of October Simon de Mountfort sonne to Simon Earle of Mountford for doubt that Quéene Blanche mother to the French King was offended with him fledde into England and was made Earle of Leycester and Steward of England by King Henry and had the Kings sister Elianor widdow of William Nicholas Triuet Io. Beuerla Marshall giuen him to wife Octobone being lodged in the Abbey of Osney the Schollers 1238 Mathew Paris Ypodigma Legate put to his shiftes of Oxford slew his mayster Cooke who was also the Legates brother and the Legate for feare gate him into the Stéeple of the Church where he held him till the kings officers comming from Abingdon conuayed him to Wallingford where he accursed the misdoers Odo de Kilkenny as Standerdbearer of the Schollers was taken with twelue other and cast in prison and long after went from Saint Paules Church in London to the Legates Scholers did penance at London Iohn Beuer. house which was Durham place vngirded withoute gowne bareheaded and barefooted whereby they asked him forgiuenesse and then the Legate restored them to their Uniuersitie A Scholler of Oxford fayning himselfe madde enterprised to haue slayne the King in his Chamber at Wodstocke King in darge◠Anno reg 23 but he was taken and after long emprisonment plucked in péeces with Horsses at Couentrie Iohn Coders Iohn de Wilehale the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Nicho. Triuet 1229 Richard Renger the 28. of October Simon de Mountfort whome the King had made Earle of Leycester after he had agréed with his elder brother Earle Almericus for the same Earledome being also Steward of Gascoine induced the King of England to recognise that he would hold of the King of France the land of the Baseles the chiefe Towne whereof is Bayon and was in times past a Kingdome of it selfe and so by acknowledging to be of the fée of the King of France excluded the King of Castile who chalenged the sayd fée to belong to the King of Spayne The Tower of London was fortified which the Citizens Mathew Paris Tovver of London fearing least it were done to their detriment complayned to the King who answered that he had not done it to their hurt but sayth he I will from henceforth do as my brother Ypodigma Anno reg 24 doth in building and fortifying of Castels who beareth the name to be wiser than I am Quéene Elianor bare a sonne named Edwarde at Westminster the 22. day of June Roger Bongye Ralph Ashwye the 28. of September Sherifes Maior 1240 William Ioyner the 28. of October Richard Earle of Cornewall the Kings brother tooke his iourney towardes Ierusalem with many other noble men of England Upon Saint Georges night the stone gate and bulwarke Mathew Paris which the King had caused to be builded by the Tower Bulvvarke by the Tovver of London was shaken with an Earthquake and fell downe but the King commanded the same to be builded againe stronger than before Lewlin Prince of Wales deceased and then betwixt his bastard sonne Griffin his legitimate son Dauid nephew to y e K. of Englād by his sister great gréeuous destructiō rose for the principalitie but at length Griffin being taken of his brother was cōmitted to prison Many strange and great Fishes came ashore whereof xj were Sea Bulles and one of huge bignesse passed vp the Monstrous Fishes Riuer of Thamis through the Bridge at London vnhurt till he came as farre as the Kings house at Mortlake where he was killed Aldermen chosen in London whiche had the rule of the Wards of the Citie but were euery yeare changed Anno reg 25 Aldermen in London Sherifes Maior 1241 Iohn Gifers Michaell Tony the 28. of September Gerard Bat the 28. of October The Jewes were constrayned to pay twentie thousand Markes at two tearmes in the yeare or else to be kepte in perpetuall prison Gilbert Marshall Earle of Penbroke dyed without the Towne of Hereford being brused in Turneament and was Iohn Beuer. buryed at London in the new Temple Walter his brother hardly obteyned the Earledome bycause he procured that Turneament contrarie to the Kings will and pleasure This Walter dying without issue his heritage was diuided Nic. Triuet betwixt the sonnes of his fiue sisters The walles and Bulwarkes that were newly builded about the Tower of London in the building whereof the Bulvvarkes by the Tovver Mathew Paris King had bestowed more than twelue thousand Markes were agayne vnrecouerably throwne downe as it were with an Earthquake for which chance the Citizens of London nothing sory were much amazed for they were threatned that the sayde walles and bulwarkes were builded in despight of them to the end that if any of them woulde presume to contende for the Liberties of the Citie they might there be imprisoned and to the ende that many mighte bée Anno reg 26 layde in diuers prisons many lodgings were made there that no one should speake with another Iohn Viell Thomas Duresme the 28. of September Sherifes Maior 1242 Nic. Triuet Ypodigma Roger Bongey the 28. of October King Henry with a great armie sayled into Normandy purposing to recouer Poyters Guine and other Countreys but after many bickerings to the losse of Englishmen he treated a peace Elianor daughter to Geffrey Earle of Briteyne and sister to Arthure ended hir life prisoner in the Castell of Bristow Iohn Fitz Iohn Ralph Ashwye the 28. of September Anno reg 27 Sherifes Maior Roger Bongey the 28. of October Hugo de Albeneto Earle of Arundell dyed and his inheritance was diuided among foure sisters Also Hubert de Burgo Earle of Kent dyed at his Manor of Banstede and was buryed in the Church of the Friers Preachers at London vnto the whiche Churche he gaue his noble Pallace at Mathew Paris Westminster whiche afterwardes the Archbishop of Yorke bought of them and made it his Inne since commonly called Yorke place now White Hall The Thamis ouerflowed the bankes about Lambeth and 1243 Great flouds drowned houses and fieldes the space of
he forthwith fell on the Subprior and smote him on the face with his fiste saying indéede indéede doth it become you English Traytors so to answere me Thus raging with othes not to be recited he rent in péeces the rich Coape of the Subprior trode it vnder féete and thrust him against a Piller of the chancell that he had almost killed him but y e Chanons séeing that their Sub-prior was almost dead they ranne and plucked off the Archbishop with such a violence that they ouerthrew him backwards whereby they might sée that he was armed and prepared to fight The Archbishops men séeing their mayster downe being all Strangers and their maysters countreymen borne in Prouance fell vpon the Chanons beate them tare them and trode them vnder their féete at length the Chanons getting away as well as they could ranne bloudy and mirie rent and torne to the Bishop of London to complayne who bade them go to the King at Westminster and tell him thereof wherevpon foure of them went thither the rest were not able they were so sore hurt but when they came at Westminster the King woulde neyther heare nor sée them so they returned without redresse In the meane season the whole Citie was in an vprore and readie to haue rong the common bell and to haue hewed the Archbishop into small péeces but he was secretly gotte away to Lambeth The Friers of the order of Preachers through Christendome and from Hierusalem were by a common conuocation assembled togither at their house in Holborne by London to entreate of their estate to the number of foure hundreth The King taking inestimable summes of money of all the rich meÌ„ in his Realme tooke of one Aaron a Jew borne in Yorke 14000. markes for himselfe and 10000. markes for English Ievves A marke of gold or of siluer vvas eight ounces the Quéene and before he had taken of the same Jew so much as amounted altogither to 30000. markes of Siluer and two hundred markes of golde to the Quéene In October the Sea flowing twice without ebbe made Tempestes so horrible a noyse that it was heard a great way into the land Besides this in a darke night the sea séemed to be on a light fire and the waues to fight one with another so that the Mariners were not able to saue their Shippes and to omitte to speake of other in one Hauen called Hureburne besides small vessels thrée noble and famous Ships were swalowed vp of the waues And at Winchelsea besides cotages VVinchelsea drovvned for salte fishermens houses bridges milles aboue 300. houses in that Towne with certayne Churches through the violent rising of the Sea were drowned A great Earthquake at Saint Albons on Saint Lucies day Anno reg 35 Sherifes Maior 1251 Maior of London svvorne Anno reg 36 Humfrey Beas William Fitz Richard the 28. of Septem Iohn Norman the 28. of October King Henry granted that where before time y e CitizeÌ„s of London did present their Maior before the King wheresoeuer he were so to be admitted now he should come only before the BaroÌ„s of y e Eschequer they should admit him Lawrence Frowike Nicholas Bat the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Adam Basing the 28. of October A great drought from Easter to Michaelmas for from the first of March til the Assumption of our Lady there fell Nicho. Triuet not so much as one drop of raine The Shepeheards of France England tooke their iourney towards the holy land 1252 Shepheards assembled W. Packington Anno reg 37 Sherifes Maior 1253 Iohn Taxtor to y e nuÌ„ber of 30000. but their nuÌ„ber vanished in short time King Henry made Alexander King of Scottes Knight at Yorke and gaue him his daughter Margaret to wife William Durham Thomas Wymborne the 28. of Sept. Iohn Toloson Draper the 28. of October The King tooke 40. s of euery Knightes fée to make his eldest son knight He purchased the tenthes of all spirituall liuings at the Popes hands for fiue yeares as it had bin in ayd of the holy land but in déede it was to make his sonne Edmond King of Naples and Sicill The Liberties of London were seased by the meanes of Richard Earle of Cornewal who charged the Maior that he looked not to the Bakers for Liberties of London seased their sises of bread so that the Citie was forced to please the Earle with 600. markes and were restored The King emprisoned the Sherifes of London in the Tower a moneth and more and after deposed them of their office bycause of the escape of Iohn Offrom that was vnder their warde in Newgate for the death of a Priour that was the Kings ally Ypodigma A great Floud hapned in Holland Lindsey and Holdernes Great floud Anno reg 38 Countreys of England the tenth of October which came vnto Alnigham where through a great portion of land with houses and people were drowned Robert Grosted Bishop Robert Grostede of Lincolne in Gréeke Latin and other languages did by an Epistle reproue Pope Innocent affirming that the Nicholas Triuet W. Sheepeshed Preaching Friers minorite Friers were infected with heresies This Robert Grostede borne in Suffolke this yeare deceased he gaue al his bookes to y e friers Minors at Oxford Iohn Northampton Richard Pickard the 28. of Septem Sherifes Maior 1254 Edvvard prince of VVales Richard Hardell Draper the 28 of October Edward y t Kings eldest sonne wedded the Kings daughter of Spayne Elianor his father gaue him the Earledome of Chester and the gouernance of Guyen and Ireland The Bishop of Hereford in the Court of Rome feigning himselfe Procuratour for the Cleargy of England bound the small houses of Religion in 100. or 200. markes the péece Rodul de Diceto the greater houses in 300. or 500. markes the péece Saint Edmondsburie was bound in 700 markes to be paide to certayne Taxtor Anno reg 39 Merchant strangers and all this money was collected to expulse Manfred out of Naples Ralph Ashwye Robert of Limon the 28. of September Sherifes Maior 1255 Mathew Paris Anno reg 40 Ievves hanged Nicholas Triuet Richard Hardell Draper the 28. of October Cxlij Iewes were brought to Westminster which were accused of y e crucifying of a child named Hugh at Lincolne xviij of theÌ„ were drawne through the stréetes at Lincolne and after hanged y e other remained long prisoners The Earles Barons of England with assent of the Prelates caused proclamatioÌ„ to be made through all England that the Charters of liberties forests should be kept at their instance Boniface Archbishop of Canturbury accursed all those that shuld breake theÌ„ Lewlin Prince of Wales gathering a mighty â—aÌ„d of meÌ„ inuaded Cheshire which y e King had lately giueÌ„ to his son Edward and destroyed all things with fire sword till he came to the gates of the Citie of Chester to represse whose violeÌ„ce a valiant
Walling ford there to bée shut vppe in prison and his goods confiscate bycause in hys fathers life time he had reproued him of his insolent life c. He also called out of exile Pierce of Gauaston a straunger borne whiche lately in his Fathers dayes had for certaine causes bene banished this land He gaue to the sayde Pierce the Earledome of Cornewal the Isle of Man and the Lordeshippe Cro. Hâ—ntenpries W. Paking Sherifes Maior of Wallingforde otherwise assigned to Quéene Isabel Nicholas Pigot Nigellus Druâ—y the 28. of September Sir Iohn Blunt the. 28. of October A Parliamente was holden at Northampton wherein it was ordayned that his Fathers coyne which was counted bace should not be refused vpoÌ„ paine of life and lim and that a fiftéenth of the Cleargie twentith part of the goods of the Layetie should be giuen to the king The. 27. of October King Edward the first was buryed at Westminster at the heade of Henrie the third his Father vnto the which Church he had giuen lands to the value of one hundred pound by yeare twentie pounde thereof yearely to be distributed to the poore Anthony Becke Patriarke of Ierusalem and Byshoppe of Durham doing the exequies After the Ephiphanie of our Lorde all the Templers Adam Merimo Knightes of the temple apprehended Tho. de la More in Englande were apprehended and committed to prison in diuerse places The King went ouer into France and married Isabel the French kings daughter at Bolloigne y â— xxij of Januarie There were present at that marriage Phillip king of Fraunce hys sonne King of Nauar the King of Almaine and the King of Cicile with many other And on the xxiiij day of Februarye King Edward with his Quéene were crowned at Westminster by Henrie Bishop of Winchester being admitted so to do by Robert Archbishop of Canterburie The King offered firste a pounde of Golde made like a King holding a ring in his hande and after he offered a marke of Golde whiche is eight ounces made like a Pilgrime putting forth his hande to receyue the ring Sir Iohn Bachauell Knyghte was thruste to deathe at hys Coronation The King gaue vnto Pierce of Guaston all such giftes and Ghro Dâ—n Jewels as had bin giuen to him with the Crownes of hys Father his ancestours treasure and many other things affirming that if he could he should succéede him in the Kyngdome calling him brother not granting any thing without his consent The Lords therfore enuying him told the king that the Father of this Pierce was a Traytour to the King of Fraunce and was for the same executed that his mother was burned for a Witch and that the said Pierce was banished for consenting to his mothers witchcraft and that hée had now bewitched the King himselfe They besought the Kyng to heare therefore their petitions whiche shoulde be both for his owne Honoure and for the wealth of his people First that he woulde confirme and vse suche auntiente 1 Lawes and customes as are contayned in the Charters of the Kyngs hys predecessonrs and for that they woulde graunt him the twentith part of their goods and be his true subiectes Secondly that he woulde take nothyng of any man but 2 at the price of the owner the same to be payde for to the vttermost Thyrdlye that what soeuer was alyenated from the 3 Crowne since hys Fathers death might be restoared therevnto again Fourthly that he would obserue the oth he made before 4 his Father as of the reuoking of Peter Gauaston the prosecuting of the Scottish Warre and that all that was amisse shoulde be amended leaste hys enymies reioyce at it c. That iustice and iudgemente mighte be done in the 5 Lande as well to the ryche as to the poore accordyng to the auntiente and olde approued Lawes and Customes of Englande and that no man shoulde bée restrayned by the Kyngs writte from prosecuting hys ryghte or to defend himselfe by Law Then the king taking counsell of Pierce Hugh Spencer the Treasurer y â— Chancellour and others he appointed to answere the Barons at the ParliameÌ„t on Hocday The Barons being departed out of London the Citie gates were shut vp and chayned great watch kept and Hugh Spencer made Conestable of London The king with Peter of Gauaston weÌ„t towarde Wallingford Castel wyth a great company of souldiours as well straungers as English and Hugh Spencer taried still at London The Parliament on Hocday was kepte the Kyng Barons being there when they decréed the same Pierce shoulde be banished the lande to departe on the morrowe after Midsommer day neuer to returne agayne The King gaue him two and thirtie townes and so manye Pierce of Gauastone banished Castels in Gascotgne and great summes of money out of his Earledome of Cornwall during his life the king accompanyed him to Bristow seÌ„t him into Ireland assigning him y â— who le gouernment and reuenewes of that Countrey The king sente William Lorde Latimer with a hundred horssemen to fetch Henrie Lacy Erle of Lincoln but he being forewarned kept himselfe in his Castell and so preuented theyr purpose onely the Lord Latimer and he talked and so departed The king entended to giue Gascoigne to the French King Scotland to Robert Bruis Ireland and Wales to others hoping thereby to haue ayde against his Barons Robert Archbishoppe of Canturburie returned from Rome and was restored to all his goods Anno reg 2. Sherifes Maior 1309 Tho. de la More Iohn Troklowe Anno reg 3. William Basing Iames Botener the. 28. of September Nicholas Faringdon Goldsmith the. 28. of October The king sent for Pierce of Gauaston out of Ireland he laÌ„ded at Kerneruan on the euen of Saint Iohn Baptist he Kyng mette him at the Castel of Flint with great ioy and gaue to him the Earle of Glocesters sister in marriage they were maried at Barkamsteed which caused him again to rise in pride scorning the Nobles of the Realme and to abuse the Kyng as before he had done in conuaying the treasure of the Anno reg 3. Realme into forraine countreys amongst the which treasure he conuayed the table and trestles of golde from the treasurie of Westminster and deliuered them to one Armery of Frisconband to be coÌ„uayed into Gascoigne The Barons Cro. pet Coledge therefore declared to the King that except he would expell the sayd Pierce from his company they would rise agaynst him as against a periured Prince wherevpon by the aduice Chro. Dun. of Pierce of Gauaston the King sent for ayde into Gascoigne to the Earle of Foys and y â— Uicount of Henoy and they came with thrée hundred horsemen through France but Phillip the French King emprisoned the chiefe and slew and hanged the other Also the King of England had word from Robert Bruse of Scotland from Robert Fitz Thomas of Ireland that they woulde not take part with the King against his Barons wherevpon
Scotlande where most victoriouslye he conquered it and the same Ile being called the I le of Man the kyng gaue it to the Conquerour franckelye and fréely to be possest and caused hym King of Man to be called and crowned king of that I le Then King Edward returning towards the south parts kept solemn torneymentes at Dunstable beyng accompanyed wyth 230. Knightes The same yeare was a Parliamente at Westminster wherein the Archbishoppe of Canterburie was reconcyled to the King before whom the Archbishoppe sware that althoughe the Kyng by hys counsell and consente hadde done homage to the French King for the Dukedome of Aquitaine and the Earledome of Poytowe yet he neuer consented therto as to be anye hurte or preiudice to the Kyng or that by hys counsel he myghte incurre fauoure or séeke to please the French King but for that presente tyme he thoughte it beste to be done both for the obtayning of peace and also for the profit of the Kyng and Realme After this Parliament the king commaunded Florences of golde to be made at the Tower of London that is to saye the peny of the value of sixe shillings eight pence the halfe penye of the value of thrée shillings foure pence a farthing worthe twentye Florences of golde Sherifes Maior Anno reg 17 pence Iohn Louekyn Richard Rifling bury the. 28. of Septem Simon Fraunces Mercer the. 28. of October In a Parliament at Westminster in the moneth of May the religious men that were possessours of Lands graunted to the king towards the maintenaunce of his warre al their iewels and plate as wel siluer as gold horsses carts wagons whervpon the kings treasure was notably enriched The same yeare auctoritie was giuen to the kings escheters 1343 to enquire and certifye the Counsell of al such persons which helde of the King any landes in Capite or by any A general suruey of the vvhole realme of England other fée to the value of one hundred shillings and that the names of all suche shoulde be enrolled and giuen vp for recorde Also certaine other were put in aucthoritie to signifie howe many sufficient and able bow-men were in euerye shire also what other sufficient men were able to beare armour for the defence of theyr Country and to sée them practised with suche kinde of weapon wherein they had beste skill and being thus assembled in all parts of the Realme speciallye suche as were of lawfull age commaundemente was giuen out that they shoulde be readye at the Kyngs commaundemente to fyghte agaynste theyr enimies King Edwarde and his nobles perceyuing the derogation Ro. de Auesbury Gual Homingford that was done to the realme by such reseruations prouisions and collations of benefices as the Pope practised here in England wrote to him requiring him that sith the Churches of Englande had bene founded and endued by noble and worthy men to the ende the people might be instructed by people of their owne language and that he beyng so farre off coulde not vnderstande the defaultes yet hys predecessours and he more than had bene vsed by diuerse reseruations prouisions and collations made to diuerse persons some straungers yea and some enimies to the Realme whereby the money and profits were carried forth theyr cures not prouided for according to the founders mindes they therefore vpon due considerations therof signifyed to him that they coulde not suffer such enormities any longer and therefore besought him to reuoke such reseruations prouisions and collations wholy to auoyde suche slaunders mischieues and harmes as mighte ensue and that the cures might be committed to persons méet for the exercises of the same beséeching him further wythout delay to signify his intention sith they ment to bestow their diligence to remedie the matter and sée that redresse might be had Giuen in ful Parliament at Westminster the xviij of May in the yeare 1343. Iohn Steward Iohn Aylesham the. 28. of September Sherifes Maior Iohn Hamonde the. 28. of October Many being called to ayde the King against the Scots but not being ready they contributed their money wherewith the king might hyre souldiours in place of them that remayned at home King Edward caused to be called togither a great many Anno reg 18 Tho. Walsing 1344 Round Table at VVindsore of Artificers to the Castell of Windsore and began to builde an house whiche was called the Rounde Table the floure wherof from the Center or midde point into the compasse was an hundred foote and the whole Diameter 200. foote the Circunference thereof is 600. foote and thrée quarters The same time Phillip de Valoys king of Fraunce buylded Round Table in Fraunce Scala Croni a Rounde Table in his Countrey to the ende he mighte allure the menne of Warre of Germanie and Italie and so to kéepe them from the Kyng of Englandes Rounde Table Kyng Edwarde in succour of Iohn Mountfort Duke of Th◠de la More Brytaine and of his wife and children who then remayned in the kings custodie sent the Earles of Northampton and of Oxforde Hugh Spencer and Richard Talbot Knightes and maister William Kilesby Clearke euerye one of them hauing vnder them many mē of armes and archers into Britaine who entred there-into in despight of al theyr enimies whych resisted them making many conflictes They toke as well walled Townes as other with diuerse Fortresses and Castelles both by assaulte and surrender by whiche meanes they had the whole Countrey vnder theyr subiection conquering till they came to the Towne of Morleis where Charles de Bloys mette them wyth a greate armye Therfore in the Champion grounde nygh vnto Morleys the Battayle as Morleys two armyes made greate and moste stoute battayle wherin the worthinesse of both sortes dyd full well appeare for they fought so stout on both sides that in the first conflict it chaunced as the like had not bene séene for the chiefe Captaines Charles de Bloys to whom the Frenche king hadde giuen the Dukedome of that Countrey and William de Bohune Earle of Northamton who for the defence of y e right of Iohn de Mountfort naturall heire and Duke of that lande the king of Englande had made a generall ouer the army of the English men who foughte so long wyth hande strokes in the fielde that daye that no manne but a lyar coulde giue more prayse to the one than to the other Thrée tymes that daye they beyng wearied on both sides wythdrewe themselues to take breathe and then fell to it again with Speare and shielde and sworde and Targe but in y e ende the right worthy and stoute Charles de Bloys his men fléeing away was also forced to flée himselfe wherevppon after many slaine on both sides the victorie fell to the Englishmen Geffrey Wichingham Thomas Legge the. 28. of Sep. Sherifes Maior Iohn Hamond the. 28. of October King Edwarde sente ouer Henrie Earle of Darbie son to the Earle of Lancaster his cousin
â—â—nall peace vnlesse that Caleis were restored to theÌ„ againe which would not be granted and the truce whiche was taken for a yeare was so continued But the Earle of Flanders who would not in any case receyue conditions of peace vnlesse the French King were quite forsaken notwithstanding his solemne oth not long after entred into Flanders with a great power of Frenchmen burning and killing where euer he came but the people of the Countrey with a few Englishmen withstoode him stoutely and gaue him a sore skirmish in the which beside that many Frenchmen were slayne the Earle himselfe was forced to flie for the whiche worthy acte many Knightes were made amongst the which was Iohn de Filebert and English man In the feast of the Natiuitie of Saint Iohn the Quéene was purified at Windesore where were solemne Iustes and running at the Tilt at the which Dauid King of Scottes Iustes at VVindsore was present and the Earle of Ewe the Lord Tankeruill Lord Charles de Valoys and many other Strangers captiues who by the Kings licence were permitted to runne also at the Tilte at the which pastime the price of the field was adiudged to the Earle of Ewe After in Sommer season these Strangers passed their time in hunting in the company of the King and other nobles of the Realme at Claringdon in Wiltshire nigh Salisburie and in diuers other Forrestes Whiles the King was thus occupyed the Frenchmen notwithstanding the truce entred the marches of Britaine but the sonnes of Sabater with a few other who went out a forraging tooke Thomas Dagworth Knight a man of great experience who but with a few men to wéete sixtéene armed men entred the woodde against these robbers and inuaded them slaying to the number of thrée hundred but at the length being stricken fiue times in the face with Quarels Sir Thomas Dagvvorth slayne all his men being first slayne he himselfe was thrust through the body with a sword Adam of Burie Ralph of Linne the. 28 of September Sherifes Maior Ro. Auesbery Adam Merâ— William Turke Fishmonger the. 28. of October About the feast of Saint Michael more than 120. persons of Sealande and Hollande comming through Flaunders vnto London sometime in the Church of Saint Paule sometyme in other places of the Citie twice in the day in the sighte of all people from the loynes vnto the héeles couered in lynnen A bloudy Procession of publicans clothe all the rest of their bodies being bare hauing on theyr heades hats with red crosses before and behinde euery one in their right handes a whip with thrée cordes eache corde hauing a knotte in the middest beat themselues on theyr bare bloudie bodies going in procession foure of them singing in theyr owne language all the other aunswering them The same yeare the Earle of Lancaster the Barons of Stafforde and Greystocke also the heires of the Lordes Percy and Neuel and the Lord Burniual with Barthelmew Burwash and diuerse other about the feast of Al-saintes passed ouer sea into Gascoign to delay the furious vprore that Iohn de Valoys sonne to the French king had made in that dukedome greatly spoyling and wasting the same Also the kings counsel ordained that none of the kings Justices during the time of their offices shoulde receyue any fée gift or reward of any man except it were of the king himselfe Also thys yeare in the Countie of Oxforde nyghe vnto A Serpent vvith tvvo heades in Oxfordshire a towne called Chippingnorton there was founde a Serpent hauing two heades and faces like women and being shaped after the newe tyre of that time another after the manner of the old attyre and it had great wings after the manner of a Flyndermouse or Bat. About the feast of Al-sainctes kyng Edwarde beyng accompanyed K. Edvvarde sayled tovvards Flaunders with the Earle of Lancaster and Southfolke and diuerse others passed ouer the seas into Flaunders and theÌ„ce leading his armie towardes Fraunce the French men made meanes vnto him to renewe their truce and nowe the Earle of Flaunders submitted himselfe the thirde time vnto the kings mercie and dominion Then the king returning toward Englande to solemnizate the translation of S. Thomas the Confessour and Bishoppe of Hereforde dyd wyth his presence and Nobilitye honoure the same to the greate expences of Nicholas Cantulupus Baron and cousin to the sayde Saint Thomas during whiche feaste and solemnitie it was signified to the King by the Secretaries of Emericus of Padua who was a féed manne to the king of Calleis like to haue bin betrayed Englande that on the fourtéenth day of Januarie nexte comming Geffrey Cherney Knight and manye other Frenche men shoulde be receyued into Caleis vnto whom the sayd towne was solde by the sayde Emericus but the Towne beyng presentlye rescued by king Edwarde the sayde Emericus of Padua with other Genoways coÌ„tinued in Caleis beyng maintayned there at the costes of the Frenche king againste the king of Englande when he besieged it who also after the yéelding of it to the King of England being pardoned bothe of life and lymme from thenceforth continued and dwelte as a féed man of the kyngs in the sayde Towne for the defence thereof At that tyme the sayde Geffrey was Lorde of Matas a man more skylfull in warfare than anye Frenche man in Fraunce Wherefore he was greatelye estéemed euen to the time of his death This craftie deuiser indeuored by his letters wherin he made promise of large giftes of golde and other sophisticall perswasitions quite to subuert the fayth and loyaltie of the sayde Emericus Finally thys craftie deuiser agréed with this false man that for twentie thousande French crownes he shoulde lette in the Frenche menne to the Towne and as muche as laye in hym delyuer vppe to the Frenche menne both the Towne and Castell This bargaine being most traytorously made by othe and breaking of y e Sacrament betwixt them yet all this notwythstanding he wrote letters vnto the Kyng touching the state of the whole matter but verye priuilye howe that hée was readie to shewe friendshippe to the Frenche menne yet meanyng to make frustrate theyr purpose whereby they shoulde be conuicted of breakyng the truce and also manye of them shoulde be taken to bée raunsomed wherefore kyng Edwarde spéedilye passed ouer beyng accompanyed wyth hys eldest Sonne the Earle of Marche and a fewe other commyng before the tyme appoynted for the yéeldyng of the Towne certayne dayes Therefore Anno reg 24 hée beyng come to Callayes hée sayde certayne men of armes wythin the Uaultes whyche were betwixte the outter gate and the inner parte of the Castell buyldyng a thinne and stender Wall before them newelye sette vppe not made of Playster but of counterâ—ayte matter whyche ioyned to the other Wal craftilye deuised and made like the olde worke so that no manne woulde Judge that that anye were enclosed therin Also he caused the maynepostes of the drawe bridge to bée sawed
but none came to helpe them and so they dyed there After a number of them hadde sacked the new Temple The ende of the Rebels what with labour and what with wine they lay down vnder the wals and howsing and were slaine like swine and one of them killed another for olde grudge and hatred and others also made quicke dispatch of them Watte Tiler being killed Iacke Strawe and other theyr principal Captaines hanged the hope and confidence of the commons decayed but bycause the mindes of the King and Nobles was yet wauering séeing the people readie to mischiefe they graunted to them Charters of manumission and suffered them to departe the whiche being done the king caused an army to be assembled from London and sente into al Countryes that those who were his friendes should make haste to come to hym to London furnished with horsse and armour and it came to passe that wythin thrée dayes he had a. xl thousande horssemen about him in séemely sort armed he mustered them on Blacke Heath himselfe ryding on a greate courser with hys standarde borne before hym when therefore so myghtye an armye was assembled the Kyng was aduertised that the Kentishe men had eftsoones conspyred wherevppon hée forth wyth sette forewarde but by the mediation of the Nobles and greate men of Kente that vndertooke for them he was stayde and pacisied wyth them and then firste Iustices were sente to séeke and inquire of malefactours and that Countrey became quiet at the sight of them Then the Maior of London sitting in iudgement caused the malefactours to be tryed as well of the Citie as also of Kente Essex Southsex Norffolke and Suffolke and other Countryes that might be taken within the liberties of the Citie and all those whome he founde guiltie of the foresayde Treason he caused to hoppe headlesse among the which were Iacke Strawe Iohn Kirkesty Alen Threder c. also Iohn Starling of Essex that gloryed to haue beheaded the Archbishoppe was beheaded hymselfe The king remayned nowe at London nowe at Waltham with a greate armye of armed menne considering what was to be done for the commoditie of the realme At length the Counsell thoughte good to sende the Kings commission into euerye shire for the resisting of the disquieters of the peace of the kyngdome These commissions did muche comforte the faythfull subiectes and troubled the false for they were nowe compelled to séeke corners that before toke vpon them to doe all things abroade lawyers nowe durst come forth of their dennes and those which before fledde from the tyrannie of the time looked for thâ—se that nowe feared iudgement and iustice to bée done on them The commons being thus feared but not in all places alike they of Essex gathering a newe multitude togither at Byllarica a village neare to Hatfielde Peuerell decréed eyther to inioye lybertye gotten by force or to dye in fyghting for the same they sente to the Kyng then béeyng at Waltham messengers to knowe if hée thoughte good to permitte them to inioye their permitted Anno reg 5. lybertie lyke to theyr Lordes and that they shoulde not be coÌ„pelled to come to Courts but only to gret Léetes twice in the yeare vnto the which the King answered thus Oh miserable and hateful both to Land and Sea not worthy to liue Do yée require to be equall to your Lordes yée were worthy to be put to moste shamefull death But fith yée are come as Messengers yée shall not dye nowe to the ende yée may declare your answeares to your fellowes declare to them therfore on the Kyngs behalfe that as they were Husbandmen and bondmen so shall they remaine in bondage not as before but more vile without comparison far vnto thys Whilest we lyue and by Gods sufferaunce shal gouerne the Kingdome with Wit Strength goods we wil endeuour our selues to kéepe you vnder so that the duety of your seruice may be an example for posteritie and that your matches both present and that shall succéede may euer haue before their eies and as it were in a Glasse your misery and to you matter to curse and feare to commit the like When the Messengers were gone there was sente straightwayes into Essex Thomas of Woodstocke Earle of Buckingham and sir Thomas Percy brother to the Earle of Northumberlande to represse the boldnesse of the sayde commons These Commons hadde fortified themselues wyth ditches and carriages neuerthelesse although there was a great number of them with small businesse they were scattred into the woods where the Lordes enclosed them least any of them might escape it came to passe that v. C. of them were slain viij C. of their horses taken the other y â— escaped this slaughter being gotteÌ„ togither hasted to Colchester began to stir the townesmen to a new tumult and when they profited not there they weut to Sudbury but the Lord Fitz Walter sir Iohn Harlestone followed them and slewe as many of them as they list shut vp the rest in prisons The king came to his Manour of Hauering at Boure after to Chelmesford where he appointed sir R. Trisilian his Iustice to set enquire of the malefactours wherfore y â— Essex men séeing the euils y â— hung ouer their heades there came aboue 500. humbly to the King barefooted bareheaded beséeching him of pardon and mercie To whom pardon was graunted with condition to delyuer the styrrers of the sayd trouble It came therefore to passe that many were committed to worde vpon whome the Iustice charged xxiiij men of their conscience to say the truth and many being condemned were put to execution by drawing and hanging nine or tenne being hanged on one beame The Iustices that before had sitte in Essex Kent London and other places for all the multitude that were to be executed vsed to head the commons till now it séemed not a kinde of death answerable to so many and manifest crimes These things were done in Essex the King being present the like by his Iustices was done in other Countreys Iohn Ball Priest being taken at Couentrie was brought Iohn Ball hanged to Saint Albons and there before the King condemned drawne and quartered the fiftéenth of Iuly He woulde not aske the King forgiuenesse but vtterly despised him Iohn Rote Iohn Hinde the 28 of September Sherifes Maior Iohn Northampton Draper the 28. of October About the feast of All Sainctes a Parliamente was beganne which endured long to small purpose by reason of contention among the Lords especially the Duke of Lancaster and the Earle of Northumberland whose quarrell in the ende was taken vp by the King and then the Lordes procéeded to treate of the Kings businesse and the Realmes but they lingered so long in vayne that nothing was brought to effect for hearing of the new Quéenes comming to Caleis the ParliameÌ„t was proroged There were diuers of y e Nobles sent to méete the Bride and she was conuayde with all
Cornewall and in the meane space the Kings seruants spoyled his goodes Iohn More Richard Northbery and other were likewise there conuict and condemned to perpetuall prison and their goodes confiscate to the King for certaine congregations by them made against the Fishmongers in the Citie of London Nicholas Exton Iohn French the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Sir Nicholas Brembar Grocer the 28. of October About the feast of Saint Martine a Parliament was holden at London in the whiche nothing was done worth the memorie but that which still was in hand and exacting of money of the Cleargie and common people to mainteine the men of warre And besides this there was a Combate fought in listes betwixte an Esquire of Englande and one of A Combate fought Nauarre that had accused the English Esquire whose name was Iohn Welch of Treason to the King and Realme but the effect was that when he was Captayne of Cherbrugh he forced the wife of this Nauaroys as the sayde Nauaroys being afterward ouercome and being readie to suffer death did â—penly confesse for the which cause by the Kings iudgemeÌ„t he was drawne and hanged although the Quéene and many other did make earnest intercessioÌ„ to haue his life saued The Parliament was not yet ended when newe â— came Bervvike lost and vvoâ—â—â— againe out of the North of the taking of Berwike Castell by the Scottes the custodie whereof the Earle of Northumberland Sir Henry Percy did possesse by right of his predecessors The Scottes by mediation of money got entrance into that Castel by one that was put in trust with kéeping of it The Duke of Lancaster that loued not the Earle was glad of this happe when he knew it It came to passe therefore by the Dukes procurement that the Earle was condemned by iudgement of the Lords there present the which execution was within a short while after releassed The Earle of Northumberland through the Kings fauour restored to his life and possessions without any long delayeâ— prepareth al furniture of warre to beséege and winne the sayd Castell of theÌ„ that were within it and after he had gathered a mighty armie he sodeinly beséeged it and after he had layne about it a certaine time it was compounded betwixt them without and them within that they within should forsake the Castell and haue their liues and moueable goodes and for surrendring the Castell they should haue of the Earle two thousand markes of English money and by this meanes did the Earle recouer the Castell foorth of the Scottishmens hands Through certaine yong men brought vp with the King Tho. Walâ— there arose great dissention betwixt him and the Duke of Lancastâ—r who departed from the Court and wente to his Castell of Pomfret whiche he had fortified but by meanes of the Kings mother this discorde was appeased for a time The third of May was an Earthquake 1â—85 The King entred Scotlande King Richard with a great armie entred Scotlande but the enimies would not shew themselues wherfore he brent the Countrey and returned The eightéenth of July there was an Earthquake Sir Iohn de Vienne that serued the French King was sent into Scotland with a great multitude of Shippes and men of warre that ioining with the Scottes they might inâ—eâ—t all England and that whilst they mightâ— draw the power of this Realme that way forth the Frenche King with his Nauie and army might the more at liberty enter other partes of the Realme few or none being left at home to prohibit them their entrie The arriuall of the sayd Iohn being knowne in England the King with all the Nobilitie prepared themselues to make a iourney thither The King maketh a iourney into Scotland there came flocking vnto the King such a number of Knightes Esquires and Archers as the like had not bin heard of in those dayes in so much as the number of Horsses amouÌ„ted to thrée hundred thousand as they were iudged The King reioyced héereat as well he might but the reioycing was shortly darkened at Yorke by fiercenesse of Sir Iohn Holland the Kings brother that slew the Lord Ralph Stafford Ralph Stafforde â—ayne sonne to the Earle of Stafford in the way as he went to the Quéene whose seruant of houshold he was and greatly in faâ—eur with hir and he was no lesse beloued of the King as he that had bin brought vp with him and bin his play-fellow from his tender age where the King taking greate indiguation determined to pursue the sayd Sir Iohn Holland he caused therefore his goodes to be coÌ„fiscate But Sir Iohn Holland fledde to Beuerley there to enioy the libertie of the Church The Lady Iane the Kings mother sente to intreate him for hir other sonne and his brother but when the messengers were returned to Wallingforde and that the mother could perceyue no hope of grace to be gotten in that behalfe of the King she tooke it heauâ—â—ie and fell sicke and Queene Iane the Kings mother dyed within foure or â—â—ue dayes departed this life hir body being seared and closed in Leade was kept at Wallingford till the Kings returne forth of Scotland then to be buried at Stanford in the Church of the Friers Minors In the moneth of August the King of England with a mightie power entred Scotland to whose force the Scottes and Frenchmen perceyuing themselues not able to matche they séeke to get them into the wooddes places where they might be out of the way The English army then the which there hath not bin séene a fairer stronger or greater rideth through the Countrey that was destitute of inhabitantes â—â—yd of Cattell wanting victualles for the land was left desolate as our men confessed that they saw not so much as a bird Owles only excepted They found gréene Corne on the grounde very faire and plentifull whiche they eyther eate vp with their Horsses or treade downe with theyr féete but the enimies fléeing battayle our men did nothing to be accompted of but brent the Abbey of Melroys and the Meltoys and Edenborough brent Towne of Edenborough with such houses as they found by the way When our armie was come to Edenborough and that victualles fayled them many of them beganne to ware sicke and some to die for hunger wherevpon the King returned with his armie into England While King Richarde was in Scotland the Scottes and Frenchmen entred into Englande brenning Townes taking spoyles and leading away many prisoners returned home into their Countrey Iohn Organ Iohn Churchman the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Sir Nicholas Brembar Grocer the 28. of October The Souldiers of Caleis went secretly forth into France and got a bootie of four thousand Shéepe and thrée hundred head of great beastes which they draw to their holdes About the feast of Saint Martine there was a Parliament at London in which the Laytie granted to the King a fiftéenth and a halfe with coÌ„dition that the Cleargie should giue a tenth
of Man vnder the wardship of William Scrope then Lord of the sayd I le to remayne there in perpetuall prison and on the morrow the King granted to him his wife fiue â— Markes yearely during their liues Also the writ of Scire facias was granted to the Earle of Salisburie against the Earle of March for the sayd Lordship of Denbigh fiftéene dayes respite being giuen to put in an answere Item it was ordeyned that those which ought money to Rochester Bridge should be put in execution for the payment to the vse of the same Bridge Also Henry Bolenbroke Earle of Derby sonne and heire of Dukes created Iohn of Gaunt D. of Lancaster was created D. of Hereforde Edward Earle of Rutland was created Duke of Aumarle Thomas Earle of Kent Duke of Surrey the Earle of Notingham Duke of Norffolke Iohn Earle of Huntington Duke of Excester Iohn Earle of Somerset Marques of Dorset Thomas Lorde Spencer Earle of Glocester The Lorde Neuell Earle of Westmerland Thomas Percy Earle of Worcester William Scrope L. Treasourer Earle of Wiltshire Sir Iohn Mountagew Earle of Salisburie The K. added the armes of K. Edward the Confessor to his bare them togither part for pale and then the Parliament was proroged till the octaues of S. Hillary then to be holden at Shrewsburie Iohn Woodcocke William Askam the 28. of Septemb. Sherifes Maior VVestminster Hall repaired Sir Richard Whitington Mercer the 28. of October King Richard caused the great Hall at Westminster to be repaired both the walles windowes and ruffe with a maruellous worke and great costes whiche he leuied of Strangers banished out of their Countreys who obteyned licence to remayne in this CouÌ„trey by the Kings Charter which they had purchased with great sommes of money King Richard kept his Christmas at Liechfield and then 1398 tooke his iourney towardes Shrewsburie where the Parliament lately proroged began againe in the which it was ordeined that all Statutes ordeyned at Westminster in the xj yeare of y â— Kings raigne should be reuoked disanulled al y â— articles of the same and the heires of theÌ„ that were adiudged in y â— said Parliament should be recoÌ„ciled and restored to all their lands inheritances possessions excepted y â— they should haue no clayme against the with-holders of the profiles and reuenues of those lands in the meane time On the morrow it was ordeyned that the heires of them whiche were iudged and conuicted in the foure Articles of high treason should not enioy the Lands nor any possessions of their progenitors but should be excluded from all and euery action and clayme for euer The first Article of high treason was this if any man of what condition soeuer he were did imagin the kings death The second Article was if any man should haue an imagination to depose the King The third if any man did ride armed within the Realm of England in manner of warre against the King The fourth was if any maÌ„ disclaymed y â— kings homage Also the same day the Lord Cobham was arraigned to make answere vnto two Articles of high treason The first was that he the sayde Lorde Cobham was in counsell to make one commission against the state of the King and likewise that he vsed the same commission in doing iudgement against the Kings will and to the preiudice of him The seconde that he sate in iudgement to iudge Sir Simon de Burley and Iames Barnes Knightes of the kings in his absence and against his will and vpon this he was coÌ„uict and iudged to perpetuall prison within the I le of Iersey On the morrow Henry Duke of Hereford accused Thomas The Duke of Hereford accuseth the Duke of Norffolke Mowbray Duke of Norffolke of certaine words by him spoken as they rode betwéene London and Brayneford tending to the dishonor of the Kings person which the Duke of Norffolke vtterly denayd to haue spoken where vpon a Combate was granted them by the King to be fought at A Combate is granted Couentry vpon the seauentéenth of September A fiftéenth and a halfe was granted and the customes of woolles fiftie Shillings of euery Sacke of euery Englishman borne and thrée pound of euery Stranger This Parliament ended the King visited many places in the Weast part of England as Worcester Hereford Bristow and other places to wéete Glastonbury and Bath After this also the King caused a Theatre to be made at Anno reg 22 Bristow for a Combate to be fought betwixt two Scottes to wéete the one béeing an Esquire appellant and the other a Knight defendant and the appellant was ouercome and hanged but after this time he made a great and maruellous strong Theatre at Couentrie for the Combate betwixte the Duke of Hereford and the Duke of Norffolke and gaue them day for the fight the sixtéenth of September to wéete the feast day of Saint Edith at which day and place a great concourse and assemble of people was there gathered out of all partes of Englande When the sayde Champions appeared in the Listes readie to fighte the King commanded them to be quiet and not to fight and then the Kyng sitting in hys royall apparell within his Tente girt with his Sworde hée commanded hys decrée to bée proclaymed and thys was the Kings decrée that Henry Duke of Hereforde for hys disobedience towardes the King Dukes â—anished shoulde bée banished for tenne yeares and likewise the Duke of Norffolke to be banished for euer out of England taking of his reuenues a thousand Markes by yeare till the Towne of Caleis were repaired Iohn Wade Iohn Warner the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Sir Drew Barrentine Goldsmith the 28. of October At the feast of Saint Michaell the King caused seauentéene Counties in East England to bée indited and layde to theyr charges that they had bin agaynste him with the Duke of Glocester the Earles of Arundell and Warwike wherefore hée sente honourable men to induce the Lords both Spirituall and Temporall to make a submission by writing sealed with theyr owne handes acknowledging themselues to bée Traytors to the King though they neuer offended him in word or déede Moreouer he compelled all the Religious Gentlemen and commons to set Blancke Charters their Seales to blanckes to the ende he might as it pleased him oppresse them seuerally or all at once some of the commons payde a thousande Markes some a thousande pounde c. Also he ordeyned through euery Prouince in Englande that all Gentlemen and meÌ„ of substance should be sworne Vnâ—customed othes firmely to maynteyne according to their possible power all the Statutes Articles and Constitutions ordeyned in the last Parliament On Newyeares day néere vnto Bedforde a very déepe water which ranne betwixt the Townes of Swelstone and Harleswode stoode sodeinly still and deuided it selfe so that by the space of thrée miles the botome remained drie which wonder many one thought did signifie the deuision
Countrey but when it came to martial affayres their owne Archers turned theyr handes againste them whome they shoulde haue defended There were flayne aboue eleauen hundred of our men Sir Edmunde Mortimer was taken and the Welchwomen when y e battayle was done vsing the deade carcasses to shamefullye to bée spoken woulde not suffer them to be buryed without great raunsome The Kyng went wyth a greate power into Wales to pursue OweÌ„ Glendouerdew where he profited nothing but loste muche for the Welchmen conuayed themselues into vnknowen places wherefore the King constrayned by necessitie returned into Englande after he had spoyled brent the Countrey The same time the Scottes cruelly entred into England for they supposed all the Lords beyond Humber to be occupyed in the parties of Wales but the Erles of Northumberlande Henrie Percie and his sonne Henrie with the Earle of Dunbarre that a good whyle agone hauing forsaken the Scottes had sworne to be true to the King of England with a number of armed men plentie of archers sodainly came to resiste the Scottes as they woulde haue retourned home after they hadde spoyled and brente the Countrey but nowe vppon a sodayne theyr waye was forelayde so that they muste néedes abyde and take a place to fighte vppon they chose therefore a mountaine neare to the Towne of Wollor called Halydowe Hill in the whiche they place themselues wyth theyr armed men and Archers which when our men beheld leauing the way in which they stoode against the Scottes they clynie the hill that stoode ouer against the Scottes and without delaye of time our Archers placed in the valley set their arrowes against the Scottes battayle that they might by some means force them to come downe on the other side the Scottishe Archers let flye at our men who yet after they felt the grieuous waighte and as it had bin a shower or tempest of the arrowes shotte by the Englishmen they fledde The Earle Dowglas perceyuing his men so to flée for he was their generall leader tooke hys Speare and manfullye wyth a multitude came down the Hyll trusting doubtlesse in his armour and y e armour of hys complices that hadde bin thrée yeares in makyng and forced himselfe to runne vpon the Archers whiche when the Archers sawe they stepped backe and shotte so fiercely that they pierced the armed mens bodies stroke throughe theyr Helmets ryued their Speares and rente theyr armoure wyth lyghte adoe Earle Dowglas hymselfe was wounded in fiue places the residue of the Scottes that were not come beside the Hyll turnyng backe from the arrowes that flewe fledde awaye but theyr flyghte nothing auayled them whilest the Archers followed them but that they were compelled to yéelde themselues Earle Dowglas also was taken and manye drowned in the Riuer of Tweede whylest they knewe not the Fourdes to the number of fiue hundered as was sayde In thys battayle no Lorde no Knighte nor Squire gaue anye stroke to the enimyes but onely God gaue the victorie to the Englishe Archers the Lordes and armed menne béeyng onelye lookers on That daye the flower of the Scottishe Chiâ—alrye was taken to witte the Earle Dowglas Murdake the eldest sonne of the Duke of Albanie that was heyre apparente to the Realme of Scotlande The Earles of Murrey Angus and Orkeney the Lordes of Mountgomorie Erskin and Gram with manye other Knyghtes to the number of fourescore besides Esquires Yeomen whose number was not knowne There were slayne of Barons the Lord Gordon the Lord Iohn of Swinton that was false to both the Realmes c. This battayle was fought on the fourtéenth of September Richard Marlow Robert Chicheley the 28. of Septemb. Sherifes Maior Anno reg 4. Sir Iohn Walcot Draper the 28. of October Edmond Mortimere which before was taken by Owen Glendouer dewe now professed to take Owens part against King Henry and did contract mariage with the daughter of the sayd Owen In a Parliament at London which beganne the morrow after Michaelmas day and lasted seauen wéekes there was granted to the King a tenth and a halfe of the Cleargie a tenth of the borough townes and a fiftéenth of the commoÌ„s through the Realme The messengers that had bin sent for Ioane late wife to Iohn of Mountfort Duke of Briteyne returned with hir into England and landed at Falmouth in Cornewall The King met with hir at Winchester the seauenth of February where they were married in the Churche of Saint Swithen The sixe and twentith of February she was Crowned at Westminster In the Sommer following by the Townes of Bedforde 1403 and of Broklesward Monsters were séene oft-times mornings and euenings to come out of the woods vnder diuers coulours in the likenesse and similitude of meÌ„ of warre which met one with another and séemed to fight cruell battayles which although they that were a farre off might sée yet they that were néere hande could not sée nor finde whiche thing deceyued many that coueted to approch come néere Henry Percy the yonger did sodeinly shew himselfe to be the Kings enimie vnto whome ioyned Thomas Percy Earle of Worcester Unkle to the sayde Henry and to make their conspiracie excusable they did write vnto the Shires Battayle at Shrevvsburie about that they pretended nothing against the alleageance nor fidelitie which they ought to the King neyther to gather to any other ende an armie but only for the sauing of their persons and for the better gouernement of the common wealth bycause the payments and taskes graunted to the King for the safe custodie of the Realme were put to such vâ—es as they ought not to be and were vnprofitably consumed and wasted Moreouer they complayned that bycause of the euill slanders which their enimies had made of them they durst not personally appeare in the Kings presence vntill the Prelates Barons had intreated for them that they might be permitted to purge themselues before the King and bée lawfully iudged by their péeres so that many that saw these letters did praise their diligence extoll their fidelitie towards the common wealth But the King being disquieted with these doings that he might appease the communaltie he wrote to them that he maruelled much that séeing the Earle of Northumberland Henry his son had receiued the most part of the paymeÌ„ts summes granted to him by the Cleargy coÌ„munaltie for y â— defence of the Marches of Scotland what occasion they had to make such manifest slanders c. but the yong Henry Percy puting his coÌ„fidence in the ayd of Owen Glendouerdew and Edmond Mortimer Earle of March with the Welchmen and men of Cheshire published that King Richard was aliue and was with them whom if any maÌ„ would sée they should without delay come in armour to y â— Castell of Leycester which declaration made diuers variable motioÌ„s in the hearts of many caused theÌ„ to wauer King Henry considering all things wisely gathered togither as many as he could and came
Shippes of oures laden with Merchandizes and slew or hanged all the marriners The olde Countesse of Oxforde mother to Robert de Vere Duke of Ireland who as we sayde before died at Louaine did cause suche as were familiar with hir to brute throughout all the parts of Estsex that King Richard was aliue and that he should shortly come and chalenge his old estate and dignitie She caused many Harts of Siluer and some of Gold to be made for badges such as King Richarde was wont to bestow on his Knightes Esquires friends that distributing them in the Kings name she might the sooner allure the Knightes and other valiant men of the Countrey to be at hir will and desire Also the fame and brute whiche dayly was blazed abroade by one William Serle sometimes of King Richards Chamber that the same King Richard was in Scotland and tarried with a power of French and Scottishmen caused many to beléeue that he was aliue This William Serle had forged a priuie Seale in the said King Richards name and had sent diuers comfortable letters vnto such as were familiar with King Richarde by which meanes many gaue the greater credite to the Countesse in so much that some religious Abbots of that Countrey did giue credite vnto hir tales who afterward were taken af the Kings commandement and emprisoned bycause they did beléeue and giue credit to the Countesse in this behalfe and the Countesse had all hir goodes confiscate was coÌ„mitted to close prison and William Serle was drawne froÌ„ Pomfret through the chiefest Cities of England put to death at London About the feast of S. Iohn Baptist at the Kings commandement the Earle of NorthumberlaÌ„d came to Pomfret brought with him his Nephues nephues sonnes by which doing he mitigated the mindes of many whiche thought that he had giuen the yong men counsell to rebell There came also with him William Clifford Knight who brought with him that William Serle K. Richards chamberlain whom we spake of before who by a wile he had caught Anno reg 6. and apprehended by which doing the King held him excused and pardoned him for that he had kept the Castell of Berwike against the Kings will and pleasure William Louth Stephen Spilman the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Sir Iohn Hinde Draper the 28. of October About the feast of Saint Faith the King called a Parliament at Couentry and sent processe to the Sheriffes that they should choose no Knights nor burgesses that had any knowledge in the lawes of the Realme by reason wherof it was called the Lay mans ParliameÌ„t These piked out Knights Lay mans Parliament and Burgesses could deuise none other way to reléeue the Kings lacke of money but to depriue the Cleargie of their temporall lands and goodes but Thomas Arundell Archbishop of Canterbury made answere that the Cleargie did alwayes giue the King as much as the Lay people did considering that they did ofâ—â—er giue the King tenthes than the laytie gaue fiftéenes and moreouer that more of their Tenants did serue the King in his warres thaÌ„ of the Tenants of the lay fée and besides this they prayed for the prosperitie of the King and of all them that faithfully serued him And wheÌ„ the speker of y e ParliameÌ„t said with a loud voice that he little regarded y e prayers of the Church the Archbishop of CaÌ„terbury answered then quoth he I know to what end the fortune of the Realme will come wheÌ„ the suffrages of y e Church are not set by wherwith y e Godhead is wont to be appeased surely that Kingdome neuer coÌ„tinueth stable y â— is voyde of prayer deuotion notwithstanding thinke not that thou shalt without punishmeÌ„t take away the possessioÌ„s of the Church for if the Archbishop of Canterburie liue thou shalte haue euill taking of any thing that is his Then the Archbishoppe rose vppe and knéeled downe before the Kyng desiring hym to consider howe gratiouslie and by Gods fauour he had atteyned to the Kingdome that he would coÌ„sider his first promis which was that he would preserue vnto euery man their right and title so farre as lay in him He also willed him to remember the oth which he voluntarily made which was that he would honor and defend the Church and Ministers thereof wherefore he desired him to permit and suffer the Church to enioy the priuiledges and liberties which in time of his predecessors it did enioy and to feare that King by whome all Kings doe raigne When the Archbishop had said these and like words the King commanded him to go to his seate againe and sayde that his intent and purpose was to leaue the Church in as good state or better than he found it And then the Archbishop speaking to the Knightes and burgesses sayde you and such like as you be haue giuen such counsell vnto our King and to his predecessors to confiscate the goodes of the In Edvvard the thirds time Celles whiche the Frenchmen and Normans did possesse in England and sayd that by them he should heape vp great riches as in déede they were woorth many thousands of gold notwithstanding it is most true that the King at this day is not the richer thereby of halfe a Marke for you haue extorted or at the least begged them out of his handes and haue appropriated the saide goodes vnto your selues so that it may be coniectured that your request to haue our temporalities is not for the Kings profite but for your owne couetousnesse for without doubt if the King as God forbid he should fulfill your wicked purpose he should not be one farthing the richer the next yeare following and surely I will sooner let my head be cut off than that the Churche should be destitute of the least right that perteyneth to it c. The Cleargie granted a tenth and a halfe and the commons two fiftéenes on condition the Lord Furniuall should receyne it to spend in the Kings warres The same time such abundance of water brake sodeinly ouer the bankes in Kent as was neuer séene the like in those partes whereby were drowned Beastes and Cattell without number neyther did England only bewayle theyr losses but also Zeland Flanders and Holland susteyned the like by the great excesse of waters This yeare died William Wikeham Bishop of Winchester Colledge at Oxford by whose charges and trauell the Cleargie of England was much encreased for he builded a notable Colledge in Oxford for the encrease of learning where he placed the Warden and his company to the number of lxx besides children seruants and tenne Priestes to kéepe dayly seruice enduing the sayd company with sufficient lands He beganne the foundation of a new Colledge at Winchester Colledge at VVinchester and in sixe yeares finished the same where he placed the like number of Schollers to learne their GraÌ„mer and other principles to be sent afterward to his other Colledge at Oxford These two
warde passing their bands and libertie vsed of olde time by diuers subtile and vntrue meanes and actions falselye fained taking great sée at their lust in great hurt of the people on all the Shire of Kent 13 Item the people of the saide Shire of Kent may not haue their frée election in the chosing Knights of the Shire but letters bene sent from diuers estates to the great Rulers of all the Country the which enbraceth their tenaunts and other people by force to choose other persons than the common will is 14 Item where as Knightes of the Shire should chose the kings collectors indiffereÌ„tly without any bribe taking they haue seÌ„t now late to diuers persons notifying them to be collectors wherevpon giftes and bribes be taken and so the collectors office is bought and sold extortionously at the Knightes lust 15 Item the people be sore vexed in costes and labour called to the Sessions of peace in the sayd Shire appearing froÌ„ the farthest vttermost part of the West vnto the East the which causeth to some men v. dayes iourney where vpon they desire the saide appearaunce to be deuided into two partes the which one part to appeare in one place an other part in an other place in releuing of the gréeuaunce and intollerable labours and vexations of the said people The requestes by the Captaine of the great assemble in Kent INprimis desireth the Captaine of the commons the welfare of our soueraigne Lord the King al his true Lords spirituall and temporall desiring of our saide soueraigne Lorde and of al the true Lordes of his counsell he to take in al his demaines that he may raigne like a King royall according as he is borne our true Christian King annoynted and who so will saye the contrarye we all will liue and die in the quarrell as his true liege men Item desireth the said Captaine that he will auoide al the false progenie and affinitie of the Duke of Suffolke the whiche béene openlye knowne and they to be punished after the custome and Lawe of this Land to take about his noble person the true Lordes of his Royal bloud of this his Realme that is to say the high and mightie Prince y e duke af Yorke late exiled from our saide Soueraigne Lordes presence by the motion and stirring of the traiterous and false disposed the Duke of Suffolke and his affinitie the mightie Princes Dukes of Excester Buckingham and Norfolke and all the Earles and Barons of this land and then shal he be the richest King Christen Item desireth the said Captaine commons punishment vpon the false traitors the which contriued and imagined the death of the high mightful excellent Prince the Duke of Glocester the whiche is too much to rehearse y e which duke was proclaimed as traitor Upon the which quarrell we purpose all to liue and die vpon that it is false Item the Duke of Excester our holy father the Cardinal the noble Prince Duke of Warwike and also the Realme of Fraunce the Dutchie of Normandie Gascoyne and Gwiâ—â— Anioy and Mayne were deliuered and lost by the meanes of the sayd traytors and our true Lords Knights and Esquiers and many a good yoman lost and sold ere they weÌ„t y e which is great pitie to heare of the great and gréeuous losse to our Soueraigne Lorde and his Realme Item desireth the sayd Captayne and Commons that all the extortions vsed dayly among the Common people might be layde downe that is to say the Gréene Waxe the which is falsely vsed to the perpetuall destruction of the kings true Commons of Kent Also the kings Bench the which is too gréefefull to the shire of Kent without prouision of our Soueraigne Lord and his true Counsell And also in taking of Wheate and other graynes Béefe Mutton and all other victual the which is importable to the sayde Commons without the briefe prouision of our saide Soueraigne Lorde and his true Counsell they may no longer beare it And also vnto the statute of laborers and the great extortioners the which is to say the false traytors Slegge Crowmer Isle and Robert Este These bylles when the Counsell had well perused they did not onely disalowe and condemne them the authors as proude and presumptuons but also perswaded the King rather to suppresse those rebels by force than by fayre promises Whervpon the King remoued from Westminster vnto Greenewiche from whence he woulde haue sent certayne Lordes with a powre to haue destressed the Kentishmen but the men sayde to their Lordes they would not fight against them that labour to amend the common Weale wherevppon the Lordes were driuen to leaue their purpose And because the Kentishmen cryed out against the Lorde Say the Kings Chamberlayne he was by the King committed to the Towre of London Then went the King agayne to London King Henrie vvent against the Kentishmen vvith a great povver and within ij dayes after went against the Kentishmen with xv thousand men well prepared for the warre but the sayd Kentishmen fled the night before his comming into the wood countrey néere vnto Senocke wherevpon the King returned againe to London and sent sir Humfrey Stafforde Knight with William Stafford his brother and other Gentlemen to follow the KentishmeÌ„ who finding them at Senock set vppon the rebels and fought with them a long time but in the ende both the Staffordes were slaine with many other King Henries povver ouercome of their people When Iacke Cade had thus ouercome the Staffordes he forthwith apparelled himself with the knightes apparell and after he had refreshed his people he returned to the Blackeheath and there pight agayne his fielde and lay there from the. xxix daye of June tyll the first day of July in which season came vnto him the Archbyshop of Caunterburie and the Duke of Buckingham with whom they had a long communication and founde him ryght discrete in his aunsweres Howbeit they coulde not cause him to submit himselfe and lay downe his people In the meane while the King and Quéene hearing of the increasing of his rebels and also the Lordes fearing King Henrie vvent to Killingvvorth their owne seruaunts least they would take the Captaines part remoued from London to Killingworth leauing the Citie without ayde except onely the Lorde Scales which was left to kéepe the Towre and with him a manly and warly man named Mathewe Gowghe Then the Captaine of Kent thus houering at Blackeheath to bring himselfe the more in fame that he kept good Justice beheaded there a petie Captayne of his named Paris for so muche as he had offended agaynst such ordinaunces as he had established in Captaine of Kent his Kâ—ttishmen entred the Citie of London his hoste and hearing that the King and his Lordes were thus departed drewe him néere vnto the Cittie so that vppon the first of July he entred the Borough of Southwarke then beyng Wednesday and lodged him there at
October was created Earle of Winchester openly in the Parliament Chamber Iohn Broune Thomas Bledlow the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Sir William Hampton Fishmonger the 28. of October This Maior aboue al other hys predecessours corrected Strumpets and caused them to ride about the Citie wyth Rey hoodes vppon their heades and after banished them the Citie for euer He also caused a paire of stockes to be set in euery ward of London The sixth of October beganne a Parliamente at Westminster by authoritie wherby an ayde was graunted to the King towards the charge of his Wars whiche was leuied of mens lands as well of Lordes as of other The Duke of Burgoâ—gne hauing greate Warres wyth Anno. reg 13 1473 the French King sente Ambassadours into Englande to require King Edwarde hys brother in Lawe to make Warre on the Frenche Kyng vnto the whiche requeste Kyng Edwarde easily graunted bycause hée wished to be reuenged on the Frenche King as of hys enymie for ayding the Erle of Warwicke Quéene Margaret and hyr sonne Prince Edwarde and their complices wherevpon he promised and also determyned in the beginning of the next yeare to bring a greate armye ouer to Caleis and to inuade the Kingdome of Fraunce And forthwith with all diligence prepared all things readie for hys iourney makyng manye shiftes for the prouision of money to serus hys turne William Stocker Robert Ballisdon the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Iohn Tate Mercer the 28. of October Thys yeare the Duke of Excester was founde deade in the Sea betwéene Douer and Caleis but howe he came there the certaintie coulde not be knowne King Edwarde hauing prepared hys armye ledde the Anno reg 14 1474 same to Douer from thence to crosse the seas to Caleis The force that passed wyth hym at thys presente was the greatest that euer came into Fraunce moste of them beyng Horssemenne all in verye good order well armed All the Nobles of the Realme were there a fewe excepted they were fiftéene hundered menne of armes very well mounted and the moste of them barded and richly trapped after the manner of the Frenche Warres and well accompanyed with horssemenne of theyr retinue they were at the leaste fiftéene thousande Archers on horssebacke and a greate number of fâ—â—temenne and others as well to pitche theyr Tentes whereof they were well furnyshed as also to attende vppon theyr Artylâ—erye and inclose theyr Campe and in all theyr armye they hadde not one pledge Besides thys were thrâ—e thousande Englishe menne appoynted to lande in Brytaine When King Edwarde came to Douer the Duke of Burgoigne to helpe his passage sent 500. boates of Hollande and Seland called Cuttes whiche are flatte and lowe builte verye commodiously for transporting of horsses but notwithstanding all thys helpe they hadde from the Duke and all the Kyng of Englande coulde commaunde hymselfe hée was aboue thrée wéekes in passing betwéene Douer and Caleis one shippe of Ewe tooke two or thrée of his small passengers before Kyng Edwarde embarqued hée sente from Douer to the Kyng of Fraunce one Heralte alone called Gartera Norman borne who broughte a letter of defiaunce from the King of Englande in verye good language and so excellently well penned that myne Aucthour was perswaded it was neuer Englishe mans doyng The contentes whereof were that the Kyng shoulde yéelde vnto hym the Realme of Fraunce beyng hys inheritaunce to the ende he might restore the Cleargye and Nobilitie to theyr auntient libertye ease them of the greate charges they sustayned and deliuer them of the miseries they were in whyche if hée refused to doe he protested what greate mischiefe shoulde ensue thereof in manner and forme as in suche cases is accustomed The Kyng read the letter softlye to himselfe and afterwarde all alone withdrewe hymselfe into a wardrobe and commaunded the Heralte to be brought to hyepresence to whom hée made thys aunswere Fyrst that he knewe well that the King of Englande had not passed the seas of hys owne frée motion but by the perswasion of the Duke of Burgondie and the comminaltie of England Secondelye that the Sommer was nowe almoste paste and that the Duâ—â— of Burgoigne was returned from Nunz as a man discomifited and vtterlye vnfurnished of all things Thirdlye as touching the Conestable of Fraunce he knew wel he sayde y t the intelligence wyth y e K. of England bycause he hadde married hys niece but would deceyue the Kyng his Mayster as he â—ad him notwithstandyng all the great benefits that he had receiued of him which he that rehearsed adding therevnto that the saide Conestable ment to liue in continuall dissimulation and entertaine euerye man to make his profit of him Last of all he alleaged to the Heralte diuerse reasons to perswade the Kyng hys Mastor to peace and gaue hym with hys owne hand 300. crownes promising him 1000. more if the peace were coÌ„cluded further opeÌ„ly he gaue him for a present a goodly péece of Crimson Ueluet of thyrtie Elles The Heralte aunsweared that he woulde trauayle the beste he coulde for peace and thoughte the Kyng hys Mayster woulde easilye be wonne therevnto but he willed the Kyng of Fraunce to sende an Haraulte to the Englishe Campe to demaunde a safeconduite for certaine Ambassadours that he woulde sende to the Kyng of Englande and to directe hys letters to the Lorde Hawarde or to the Lorde Stanley and to hymselfe also to conuene hys Haralte At one tyme in a maâ—oure bothe the King of Englande landed at Caleis and the Duke of Burgoigne departed from before Nunz who in greate haste rydde streyghte to Caleis to the sayde Kyng wyth a verye small trayne for he hadde sente his armye to spoyle the Countrey of Barroys and Loraine The Kyng of Englande departed from Caleis in companye of the Duke and passed through Bolloigne and from thence marched to Peronne where the Duke gaue the Englishe men but colde entertaynemente for he caused the Gates to bée streightly kepte and woulde suffer but fewe to enter so that the greatest parte of them lodged in the fieldes After they were come to Peronne the Conestable of France seÌ„t to y e Duke of Burgoigndie one of his seruants by whom hée â—â—â—used himselfe for the wythholdyng of S. Quintins alleaging that if hée had restored it he could haue stoode hym in â—â— stéeâ—e in the Realme of Fraunce for he shoulde vtterly haue loste hys credite and intelligence but nowe séeyng the Kyng of Englande was come ouer in person he promysed to doe hereafter all that the Duke shoulde commaunde hym whereof the better to assure hym hée sente hym a letter of credite to the declaration of the Duke Further hée gaue the Duke hys Faythe in wryting to serue and sucâ—â—ure hym hys friendes and confederates as well the King of Englande as others against all men none excepted The Duke deliuered the Kyng of Englande hys letter and all the matter of credite adding somewhat thereto of hys owne heade for
busynesse betwéene the two mothers so the Ladye Margaret Countesse of Richemond brought to a good hope of the preferment of hir sonne made Reynold Bray chiefe solicitor of this conspiraoie geuyng hym in charge secretely to inuegle suche persons of Nobilitie to ioyne wyth hir and take hir parte as he knewe to be faythfull This Reynold Bray within fewe dayes broughte to his lure sir Gyles Daubeney sir Iohn Châ—nie Richard Guilford and Thomas Rame Esquiers others In the meane season the Countesse of Richemond seat Christopher Vrfwike into Britaine to the Erle of Richmond to declare to him all agréementes betwéene hir the Quéene agréed but she rementbring that the Duke of Buckingham was one of the first inuentors of this enterprise sent Hugh Conway Esquier into Britaine with a great sum of money to hir sonne giuyng him in charge to declare to the Earle the great loue that y e most part of the nobilitie of the Realme bare toward him wylling him not to neglect so good an occasion offered but with all spéede to fettle his minde how to returne into Englande giuing him Counsell to take land in Wales When y e Earle had receyued this ioyfull message he brake to the Duke of Britayne all his secretes aduertising hym that he was entered into a sure and stedfast hope to obtayne the Crowne of England desiring hym of helpe towarde the atchieuing of his enterprise which the Duke promised and after performed Whervpon the Earle sent into England Hugh Conway and Thomas Ram to declare his comming shortly into England In the meane season the chiefe of the conspiracie in England beganne many enterprises which beyng neuer so priuely handled yet knowledge thereof came to Kyng Richard and because he knewe the Duke of Buckingham to bée the chiefe heade and ayde of this commination he thought it most necessarie to plucke hym from that parte where vppon he adressed his louing letters to the Duke to exhorte the Duke to come to the Courte but the Duke required the Kyng to pardon hym excusing himselfe that he was not well King Richard not content wyth this excuse directed to the Duke other letters wyth checkyng wordes commaunding hym wythout delaye to repayre to hys presence The Duke made to the messenger a determinate aunswere that he woulde not come to his mortall enemye and immediatelye prepared warre agaynste hym and by this meanes Thomas Marques Dorset came out of Sancturie gathered a great bande of men in Yorke shire syr Edwarde Courtney and Peter his brother Byshoppe of Excester raysed an other armie in Deuonshire and Cornewall In Kent â—ir Richard Calfortle and other gentlemen rayses a comparrie But King Richarde in the meane tyme had gotten together a great strength with whom he remoued from London towarde Salisburie to the entent he myght set on the Dukes army the King was starce two dayes tourney from Salisburie when the Duke of Buckingham accompanyed with a great powre of wilde Welchmen which in the ende forsooke him The Duke with his powre marched through the forest of Dene intending to haue passed the ryuer of Seuerne at Glocester and there to haue ioyned in armie with the Courtneys other Westerne men which if he had done no doubte but King Richard had béene in great ieoperdie But before he could attayne to Seuerne syde by force of continuall raine the riuer rose so high that it ouerflowed all the countrey adioyning which rage of water lasted x. dayes by which inundacie the passages were so closed that neyther y e Duke could come ouer Seuerne to his complices nor they to hym dâ—wing which time the Welchmen lyngering ydle and wythout money or victuall sodainly scaled and departed The Duke thus left almost alone was of necessitie compelled to flie and conueyed himselfe into the house of Humfrey Banister his seruaht beside Shrewesburie whom he had tenderly brought vp which wheÌ„ it was knowne to his adherents euery man shifted for himselfe and fled And some of them sayled into Britaine among the which were Peter Courtney Byshop of Excester and sir Edward Courtney his brother Thomas Marques Dorset Iohn Lord Welles sir Iohn Bourchier sir Edmond Woodvile brother to Quéene Elizabeth sir Robert Willoughbie sir Gyles Daubney sir Thomas Arundale sir Iohn Cheynie and his two brothren sir William Barkerley sir William BrandoÌ„ and Thomas his brother sir Richard Edgecombe and Iohn Halwell Edwarde Pownyngs c Proclamation was made and a thousande pound promised to who so coulde bring out the Duke of Buckingham where vpon Humfrey Banister bewrayed his guest and Humfrey Banister betrayeth his maister maister to Iohn Mitton then Sherife of Shropshire whiche with a stronge powre apprehended the Duke in a little groue adioyning to the manors of Humfrey Banister and in great haste conueyed him to the Citie of Salisburie where King Richard than kept his housholde This Banister after Banister that be trayed his maister miserably plagued let the like traitors looke for the like or vvorse to them and theirs vvithout speedie repentance he had betrayed his maister his sonne and heire waxed mad and dyed in a Bores stye his eldest daughter was sodainely striken with a foule leperie his seconde sonne maruellously deformed of his lymmes and made lame his yonger sonne in a small puddle was drowned and he himselfe being of extreme age arraygned and found guiltie of a murther and by his clergie saued And as for his thousande pounde King Richarde gaue him not one farthing saying that he which woulde be vntrue to so good a maister would be false to all other The Duke after he had confessed all the whole conspiracie Duke of Buckingham beheaded vpon the second of Nouember without araignement or iudgement was at Salisburie beheaded Whilest these things were thus handled in England Henrie Earle of Richmond prepared an armie of fiue thousand Britons and fortie wel furnished shippes When al thyngs were prepared and the day of setting forward was appoynted which was the. xij of October the whole armie hoysed vp sayles and tooke the sea but toward night the wind turned and so huge a tempest arose that the ships were dispersed a sunder some driuen into Normandie some againe into Britaine In the morning after when the tempest was asswaged the Earle approched to the South parte of England at the mouth of the Hauen of Pole in Dorcet where he might sée all the bankes full of men of warre appoynted to defend his arriuall wherfore he gaue charge that no man shoulde lande vntil such tyme as the whole Nauie were assembled but after that he perceyued none of his ships to appeare he hoysed vp Ankers and away where he arriued safe in Normandie and returned by lande into Britaine where he was soone aduertised that the Duke of Buckingham had loste hys head and that the Marques Dorcet and a great number of Noble men of England had a little before enquired for hym there In the meane season King Richarde apprehended in
diuers partes of this Realme certaine Gentlemen of y e Earle of Richmondes faction amongst whom sir George Browne sir Roger Clifford and iiij other were put to death at London y â— iij. of December Sir Thomas Sentlegar which had marryed the Duches of Excester the Kings owne sister and T. Rame with diuers other were executed at Excester The. xxx of December was a great fire at Leaden hall in Fire at Leaden hall in London London where through was brent much housing and all the stocks for gunnes other like prouision belonging to y e citie After this King Richard called a Parliament in y â— which 1484 he attainted the Earle of Richemond and all other persons which were â—led out of the Realme for feare or any other cause as enemyes to him and to their natural countrie and all their landes and goods was confiscate to the Kings vse and yet notwithstanding he laid on the people a great taxe In this troublesome season nothing was more maruelled Anno. reg 2. at than that the Lorde Stanley had not bene taken considering the working of the Lady Margaret his wyfe mother to the Earle of Richemond but for as muche as the enterpryse of a woman was of hym reputed of no regarde or estimation and that the Lorde Stanley hir husband had purged hym selfe to be innocent of all attemptes by hir committed it was giuen him in charge to kéepe hir in some secrete place at home without hauing any seruaunt or company so that from thence forth shée shoulde neuer send letter to hir sonne or to any of his friendes by the which the Kyng myghte bée molested which commaundement was a whyle put in execution This yéere King Richard began the high towre at Westminster which remaineth yet vnfinished Also he caused the K. Henry the sixt remoued to VVindsoâ— body of King Henry the sixte to be remoued from Chertesey Abbey in Surrey and to be buried at Windsor where he nowe resteth on the. xij of August Richard Chester Thomas Britaine the 28. of September Sherifes Ralph Austry the 6. of Februarie Tho. Hill Grocer the 28. of October W. Stocker draper the Maiors 24. of Sep. in anno 1485. Iohn ward grocer the 29. of Sep. William Collingborne made a Ryme of iij. of King Colingborne executed Richards CouÌ„sellers the Lord Louell sir Richard Ratclife and sir William Catesby which was The Ratte the Catte and Louell our dogge Rule all England vnder the hogge For the which he was drawne froÌ„ Westmin to the Towre of London and there on y â— hyll hanged headed quartered King Richard considering y â— aâ—ities concluded betwéene Princes are the cause that their Realmes are fortified with a double power that is to say with their owne strength the ayde of their friendes practised a league with the King of Scots which not long before had made diuers incursions roades into the Realme of Englande and therefore sued to haue a truce or peace concluded Wherfore Commissioners were appointed which met at Notingham there in the end concluded for iij. yéeres on certaine articles xv in number Truce vvith Scotland for three yeeres This peace thus concluded King Richard nowe doubtyng his owne people was continually vexed with feare of the returne of the Earle of Richmond and his complices Wherfore nothing was for his purpose more then once agayne with price prayer to attempt the duke of Britaine in whose territorie y â— Erle then abode to deliuer him into his hands wherfore incontinent he sent certaine Ambassadors to the Duke of Britaine which tooke vpon them that King Richard shoulde yéerely pay and aunswere the Duke of Britaine of al the reuenewes rentes and profites of the landes possessions as well belonging to the Earle of Richmond as to any other noble or gentlemaÌ„ which then were in the Erles companie if he after that time would kéepe them in continuall prison and restrayne them from libertie The orators furnished with these other instructions ariued in Britaine but could not speake w t the duke by reason y â— he being weakned by a long and dayly infirmitie began to waxe ydle of his remembraunce for whiche cause Peter Landoyse his chiefe Treasurer ruled all things at his pleasure vnto whom the English Ambassadors moued to him their message offering to him the same rewardes and lands that they should haue offered the Duke This Peter faythfully promised to accomplishe King Richardes request so that he kept promise wyth him but fortune was so fauourable to the publike Weale of England that this deadly compact tooke none effect for Iohn Morton Byshop of Elie soiourning then in Flaunders was of al this craftie deuise certified wherfore he sent Christopher Vrswike to declare to the Earle of Richemond all the deceyt giuing him charge in all hast possible with his company to retire out of Britaine into Fraunce When these newes came to the Earle he incontinent sent to Charles the French king requiring that he and his myght safely passe into Fraunce which desire was graunted and the Earle with the rest dispatched as priuily as mought be into Fraunce no man susspecting their departure After this the Erle tooke his iourney to Charles the Frenche King to whoÌ„ after great thanks giuen he disclosed the occasion of his accesse to his person After that he required of him helpe and succour to the intent he myghte returne to the Nobilitie of his Realme of whoÌ„ he was generally called to take vpoÌ„ him the Crowne King Charles promysed him ayde and bad hym be of good comforte for he assured him that he woulde gladly shewe to 1485 him his bountifull liberalitie Whiles the Earle of Richemond thus attended on the Frenche Court Iohn Vere Earle of Oxforde so perswaded Iames Blonte Captaine of Hames Castle and sir Iohn Forteskewe Porter of the Towne of Calleis that he him selfe was not only set at libertie but they also leauing their fruitfull offices condescended to goe with him into Fraunce to the Earle of Richemond In the meane season King Richard was credibly aduertised what promises and othes the Earle and his confederates had made and sworne and how by the Erles meanes all the English men were passed out of Britaine into Fraunce Wherefore being in manner desperate imagining howe to infringe the Earles purpose by an other meane so that by the mariage of Lady Elizabeth his niece he should pretend no clayme to the Crowne there came to his minde a thing not onely detestable but much more cruell to be put in execution for he cléerelye determined to reconcile to his fauour his brother wife Quéene Elizabeth and so by that meanes the Earle of Richemond of the affinitie of his Nice shoulde bée vtterly defrauded and if no ingenious remedie coulde bée otherwyse inuented if it shoulde happen Quéene Anne hys wyfe to departe out of this worlde then he himselfe woulde rather take to wyfe hys cosin and Nice
moneth of July was a preste for the Kyng made 1488 in the Citie of London of foure thousande pounde and shortly after was an other prest of two thousande pounde which were both repayde againe in the nexte yeare following These summes of money and manye more were leuied to ayde the Archeduke of Burgoigne agaynste the Duke of Brytaine Anno reg 4. Sherifes Maior William Isaac Ralph Tinley the 28. of September Robert Tate Mercer the 28. of October A taske of the tenth penny of all mens goods and landes was graunted to King Henrie to ayde the Duke of Brytaine against the French Kyng through which taxe sir Iohn Egremount and Iohn a Chamber wyth the commoÌ„s of y e North Iohn Skelton 1489 made an insurrection and slewe the Earle of Northumberlande and certaine of hys housholde seruauntes in a place called Coke-lodge by Thurske eightéene myles from Yorke on the eighte and twentith of Apryll Wherefore Iohn Achamber was hanged at Yorke vppon a Gibbet sette vppon a foure square Gallowes and the other his accomplices were hanged on the Gallowes round aboute him but sir Iohn Egremount fledde into Flaunders to the Lady Margaret Dutches of Burgondie It was ordayned by Parliament the Maior of London to Anno reg 5. haue conseruation of the riuer of Thamis from the bridge of Stanes vnto the Waters of Yendale and Medway William Capell Iohn Brooke the 28. of September Sherifes Maior William White Draper the 28. of October Roger Shaueloke a Taylour within Ludgate of London 1420 being a man of greate wealth slewe hymselfe for whose goodes was greate businesse and strife betwéene the Kings Almoner and the Sherifes of London but in the ende the Anno. reg 6 Almoner preuailed and gaue to the widowe hir goodes againe vpon condition that she shoulde marry with one of his seruauntes named William Flower Henry Coote Robert Reuell the 28. of September Sherifes Hugh Pemberton the 1. of February Iohn Mathew Mercer the 28. of October Maior 1491 The twelfth of March Sir Robert Chamberlaine knight was arraigned and adiudged at Stratforde of the Langthorne and after beheaded on the Tower hill King Henry required a beneuolence whych was granted towarde hys iourney into France The Citizens of London gaue toward this iourney 9682. l. 17. sÌ„ 4. d. to the whiche summe many Aldermen gaue 200. l. the péece and some of the meaner sorte 100. l. the reste the common people supplied Henry the Kings second sonne was borne at Greenwich Henry the kings son borne Anno. reg 7. Conduite in Grace-streete Dearth of corn the twoo and twentith of June The Conduite in Grace-streete was begunne to bée builded by the executours of sir Thomas Hill Grocer late Maior of London of his goodes Wheate was solde at London for twenty pence the bushel whiche was accompted a great dearth Thomas Wood William Browne the 28. of Septemb. Sherifes Maior Hugh Clopton Mercer and Bacheler the 28. of Octob. This Hugh Clopton Mayor of London and of the Staple a Gentleman borne at Clopton village halfe a mile from Stratforde vpon Auen by north continued during hys lyfe 〈…〉 Bacheler he builded the greate and sumptuous Bridge 1492 〈…〉 Stratforde vpon Auen at the Easté ende of the Towne 〈…〉 ys Bridge hathe fourtéene greate arches and a long cawsey with smaller Arches all made of stone newe walled on eche side at the west ende of the bridge he buylded a fayre large Chappell towarde the south ende of that towne and neare vnto the same a preatye house of Bricke and Tymber where he laye and ended his life He glazed the Chancell of the parishe Churche in that towne and made away of foure myles long thrée miles from Alesburie towardes London and one myle beyonde Alesburie The sixt day of Aprill the Mayor of London his brethren the Aldermen and the Craftes in their Liueries assembled in Paules Churche where Doctour Morton Chauncelour made to them an Oration declaring howe the Kyng of Spaine hadde wonne the great and riche Citie and countrey of Granade from the Turkes for ioy whereof Te Deum was sung wyth greate solempnitie In the moneth of May following was holden a greate and valiaunt iusting wythin the Kings Palaice of Shine Anno. reg 8. nowe named Richmonde the whyche endured by the space of a moneth sometime wythin the saide Palaice and sometime wythout vpon the Gréene before the Gate of the said Pallaice In whiche Justes sir Iames Parker Knight running against a Gentleman named Hugh Vaughan by casualtie was so sore hurte and brused that he dyed thereof The ninth of September King Henry tooke his voyage into Fraunce with a greate army to aide the Britons against the Frenche King where he besieged Bolloine til a truce was taken William Purchas William Welbecke the 28 of Sept Sherifes Maior Sir William Martin Skinner the 28. of October King Henry returned into Englande the seauentéenth of December Twoo Pardoners were sette on the Pillorie in Cornehill thrée market dayes for forging of false pardons wherewyth they hadde deceyued the people and gote much money and for that one of them hadde sayned hymselfe to bée a Prieste he was sente to Newgate where he dyed the other was dryuen oute of London wyth shame ynoughe The ninth of October was a ryoâ— made vpon the Easterlingâ— 149â— Fray against the Stiliard men Anno reg 9. or Stiliarde men by Mercers seruauntes and other of the Citie of London for the which many of them were sore punished Robert Fabian Iohn Winger the 28. of September Sherifes This Robert Fabian Sherife aforenamed and AldermaÌ„ made a Chronicle of Englande and of Fraunce beginning at the creation of the worlde and ending in the thirde yeare of the raigne of King Henrie the eight which booke is imprinted to the ende of Richarde the thirde Sir Ralph Austry Fishemonger the 28. of October Maior This sir Ralph Austry rooffed with tymber and couered with Lead the Parishe Churche of Saint Martin in the Vintrie of London and also glazed the same Churche very beautifully as partely appeareth The two and twentith of February were arraigned in the Guild hall of London foure persons Thomas Bagnall Iohn Scot Iohn Heth Iohn Kenington the whyche were Sanctuary men of Saint Martins le Grand in London and latelye before were taken out of the saide Sanctuarie for forging oâ— seditioâ—s billes to the sclaunder of the King and some his Counsell for the whiche thrée of them were iudged to dye and the fourth named Bagnall pleaded to be restored to Sanctuarie by reason wherof he was repriued to the Tower till the nexte Terme and on the sixe and twentith of February the other thrée with a Fleming and a Yeoman of the Crowne were all fiue executed at Tyborne The eyghte and twentith of Aprill Ione Boughton widowe 1494 was brent in Smithfielde for holding certaine opinions of Iohn Wicklife Wheate was solde at London
at sixe pence the bushell Anno reg 10 Bay Salte for thrée pence halfe peny the Bushell Naâ—â—wiche Salte was solde for syxe pence the Bushell white hearring nine shillings the barrel red hearring at thrée shillings the cade red sprots sixe pence the cade and Gascoine wine for sixe poundes the tunne Nicholas Alwine Iohn Warner the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Richarde Chawry Salter the 28. of October Sir Robert Clifford bearing fauor to the house of Yorke had long since sayled ouer to the Lady Margaret Dutchesse of Burgoigne by whome he was there persuaded and broughte in beliefe that one Perken Werbecke a Fleming born was the verye sonne of King Edwarde the fourth but afterwarde béeyng sente for by King Henry and pardon promised him he returned into Englande and comming to the Kings presence in the Tower of London hée on hys knées moste humblye crâ—â—ed pardon which shortely he obtained and after accused manye amongest whome he accused sir William Stanley whome the Kyng hadde made his chiefe Chamberlaine and one of hys priuie Counsaile The reporte is that this was hys offence When communication was had betwéene him and Sir Robert Clifforde as concerning Perken Werbecke sir William Stanley affirmed there y â— he would neuer fight nor beare armor agaynst the yong man if he knowe of a trueth that he was the vndoubted sonne of King Edward the fourth For this offence sir William Stanly was apprehended araigned and on the xvj day of February beheaded on the Tower hill This sir William Stanley was the chiefest helper of King Henrye to the Crowne at Bosworth fielde againste King Richard the thirde He was a man of greate power in his Country and also of great wealth insomuch as the coÌ„mon fame ran that there was in hys Castell of Holâ—e founde in readye coyne plate and Jewels to the value of fortie thousand markes or more and his lande and fées extended to thrée thousand poundes by yeare In Lent white hearring being good were sold for iij. â— 1495 iiij â— the barrell at London Sir W Capel AldermaÌ„ of London was condemned to the king in xxvij C. and xliij pound sterling Croniclâ— of Lond. for the breaking of certain statuts made before times for the which he made his end with the King for xvj C. and fiftéene pounde sixe shillings eight pence Pierce or Perken Werbecke which by the counsaile of Margaret Dutches of Burgoigne named himselfe Richarde of Yorke King Edwards seconde sonne arriued at Deale in KeÌ„t the thirde daye of July where when he and his companye sawe they coulde haue no comforte of the Countrey they withdrewe to their shippes againe at which so withdrawyng the Mayor of Sandwich with certaine commons of the countrey bickered with the residue that were vpon land toke aliue of them an hundred thrée score and nine persons among the which were fiue captaines Mountford Corbert Anno reg 11 Whitbelt Quintine and Gemâ—â—e And the xij of July Iohn Peche Esquier Shriue of Kent brought vnto London bridge thosâ— 169. prisoners where the Shriues of London receiued them and conueyed them in cartes and long ropes vnto the Tower of London and to Newgate who were shortly after to the number of 150. hanged in Kent Essex Sussex and Norfolk the residue were executed at Tiburne Wapping in the Wose besides London Thomas Kneisworth Henry Sommer the. 28. of Septemb. Sherifes Maior Sir Henry Colet Mercer the. 28. of October The. xvj of Nouember was holden the Serieants feast at the Bishops place of Ely in Holborne where dined the King Quéene and all the chiefe lordes of England The new Serieants names were maister Mordant Higham Kingsmill Conisby Butler Yakesley Frowicke Oxenbridge and Constable In digging for to lay a new foundation in the Church of S. Mary hill in London the body of Alice Hackeney which had bene buried in the Church the space of 175. yeares was â—â—â—ud whole of skinne and the iointes of her armes pliable whiche corps was kepte aboue grounde foure dayes without anoyance and then buryed againe In Aprill was concluded an amitie and entrecourse betwéene this lande and the Countrey of Flaunders c. In September the Scots entred England by the setting on of Perkin Werbecke and did much harme to the borders but when they hearde of the Lorde Neuels commyng against them they sped them away Iohn Shawe Richard Haddon the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Iohn Tate Mercer the 28. of October This Iohn Tate newly builded and enlarged Sainte Anthonies Churche in London a goodly foundation with a Fréesâ—hoole and certaine almes houses for poore men Iasper Duke of Bedforde vncle to King Henry the seauenth dyed the eightéenth daye of December and was buried at Kensham By meanes of a payment that was granted to the king 1497 a new commotion was made by the commons of Cornewal whiche vnder the leading of Iames Tuchet of Audley Lorde Audley with Michaell Ioseph a horse farrer or Blacksmith of Bodman and other came to Blackeheath where the Kyng met with them and discomfited the rebels and tooke their Captains the two and twentith of June where were slain of the rebels about 300. and taken aboute 1500. the Kyng gaue to them that tooke them their goodes The Lord Audley was beheaded on the Tower hill the xxviij of June The blacke Smith and Flamoke a lawyer were hanged headed and quartered at Tiburne In July the King sente an army into Scotland vnder the guyding of the Earle of Surrey and the Lorde Neuell which made sharpe warre vppon the Scots At Bartholmewtide in Bedfordshire at the Towne of Haile stones hightene ynches aboute Saint Needes fell haile stones that were measured eightéene ynches aboute Perkin or Pierce Werbecke landed at Whitsondbay in Anno reg 13 Cornewall the seauenth of September hauing in his company not paste a hundred and twentie persons hée wente to Bodman where beyng accompanyed wyth a thrée or foure thousand rascalles and almoste naked men he proclaymed himselfe King Richarde the fourth second sonne to Edward the fourth from thence he wente to Excester and besieged it which Citie was valiantly defended by the inhabitants the Earle of Deuonshire being their Generall who hymself was hurt in the arme with an arrow of the rebels but many of the rebelles béeyng slaine they wythdrewe them to Taunton but sir Giles Dawbeney Lorde Chamberlaine approching with an armye the people fledde and Perkin got him to Beudley where he tooke Sanctuary but vppon couenauntes offered he came to the King and was pardoned his life Bartholomewe Rede Thomas Windought 28. of Sep. Sherifes Maior William Purchas Mercer the 28. of October The eight and twentith of Nouember Perkin Werbeck Perkin VVerbecke broughte vp to London was conueyed vppon horse backe through Cheape and Cornhill vnto the Tower of London and from thence back againe through Candleweeke streate to Westminster with many a cursse and muche wondering The one and twentith
being ready to giue battaile the Frenche men made great shew but dallyed out the day and in the night departed The eighte and twentith of July Anthony Parson Robert Testwood and Henrie Filmer were brent at Windsore A greate death of the pestilence was at London and therefore Michaelmasse Terme was adiorned to Saint Albons Iohn Tolous Richarde Dobbes the 28. of September Sherifes Sir William Bower Draper the 28. of October Sir Ralfe Warren the 13. of Aprill Maior At Alhallowntide a roade was made into Scotlande by the garrison there who burned 60. Uillages and tooke great prayes The eightéene of December the Archebyshoppe of Canterburies Pallaice at Canterburie was brent and therein was brent his brother in law and other men The foure and twentith of December William Lorde Parre was created Erle of Essex and sir William Parre was created Baron Parre of Horton at Hampton Court And on the 〈…〉 of January sir Thomas Wriothesley was created Baâ—â—n of Wriothesley at Hampton Courte This yeare chaunced foure Eclipses one of the SuÌ„nne she fourtéenth of Januarie and thrée of the Moone Four Eclypses In the beginning of Lent Lorde Edward Seymer Earle of Hâ—reforde was made Liuetenaunt of the North and sent thâ—ther wyth an army The seauenth of Marche Germaine Gardner and Germaine Gardner and others executed Larke Parson of Chelfea were executed at Tyborne for denying the Kings Supremacie wyth them was executed for other offences one Singleton And shortelye after Ashbey was likewise executed for the Supremacie The xâ—j of Maâ—â—â—sir Ioâ—â— Dudley Lord Lisle Lord Ad 〈…〉 1â—44 with a great naâ—â— de 〈…〉 towardâ— Scotlande oâ—â—â—â—â—â— The 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 Gun poulder house called the House blovvne vppe vvith gunpoulder Blacke 〈…〉 in 〈…〉 Smithfielde was blown vppe and therein burned fiue men a boy and a woman On May euen dyed Lord Thomas Audley Lord Chacelour of Englande After whome succéeded Lorde Thomas Wriothesley The iij. of May sir Iohn Dudley Vicount Lisle hygh Admirall An armye sente into Scotland of Englande â—rryued with his fléete of 200. saile in the Frith of Scotlande where he landed dyuers of his menne and tooke there diuers vessels The iiij of May he landed the residue of his men at Lieth from thence marched forwarde in thrée greate battailes whereof the saide Lorde Admirall led the vawarde the Earle of Shrewsburie the rereward and Edward Seimer Earle of Hertforde Lieuetenant General of the battell Here they found the Scots to the number of 6000 horsemen besides many footemen readye to stoppe their passage who at the firste made as they would haue set on the vawarde but after certaine shotte on both sides they â—â—dainely leauing their artillerie behinde them fled towarde Edenborough the foremoste in fléeing was the Cardinall of Saint Androws the Earle of Huntley Gouernour Murrey and Bothwell and then the Englishmen entred the town of 〈…〉 Lieth taken and spoyled where they found such riches as they thought had not 〈…〉 in any towne of Scotland The nerte day our army went towardes Edenborough and when they approched neare the Prouost of the town with other profered to haue delyuered the same vpon conditioÌ„ that the people might departe with bag and baggage the town to be safe from fire Where vnto our Lieuetenant aunswered that he was sente thither to take vengeance vpon them for their defestable falshoode and that vnlesse they would yéelde vp the town simply wythout condition and cause man woman and childe to departe into the fialdes submitting them to his pleasure he woulde put them to the sworde and their towne to the fire The proudst aunswered that it were better for them 〈…〉 to their defence and so departed and forth with the Lord Lieâ—tenant caused the vaward to marche towards the Towne which they did so couragiously with help of the English gunners that then kept the Scots from their Ordinance and so entred Canie Gaâ—â— and there saw a great number of the Scots Edenborough brent and set fire on the towne which continued thrée 〈…〉 after â—arning Shortly after came to the lord LieutenaÌ„t by and William Lord Eurie WardeÌ„ of the East March of England gouernor of Barwike with his son siâ— Raphe Eurie who also brought with them 1500. light horsmen inhabiters of those two Marches whyche after they were come did suche good seruice that the army sent away their shippes laden wyth spoyle and dislodged their campe out of Lieth settyng fyre in euery house and returned home by lande spoyling euery Uillage and Fortresse as they passed The xvj of May proclamation was made for the enhanring of Golde to xlviij â— and Siluer to iiij sÌ„ the ounce Also the king caused to be coyned base moneys whych was since Base moneys coyned that tyme called downe the fifth yeare of Edwasde the sixth and called in the second of Quéene Elizabeth On the xx day of May passed through the Citie of London in warlike maner to the number of 700. Irishmen hauing for theyr 〈…〉 Darts and Hand guns with Bag pipes 〈…〉 them in Saint Iarâ—es Parke besides Westminster they 〈…〉 before the King In the moneth of June the Letany or Procession was Procession in Englishe â—â— forth in Englishe with commandement by the King to be generally vsed in Parishe Churches The thirtéenth of July King Henrie with a goodlye com 〈…〉 passed into France and encamped on the North fide of King Henrye vvent to Bol. Ioingne 〈…〉 after whose comming the Towne was so sore bat 〈…〉 wyth Gunne shotte aud certaine Towers vnder 〈…〉 and so shaken wyth Gunne powlder that after amoneths siege the Captaine sent worde to the Kyng that 〈…〉 e the 〈…〉 that all 〈…〉 wythin mighte departe â—yth bagge and 〈…〉 King Henrie granted and the Belloâ—ners departed to the 〈…〉 r of 4 454. The fiue and 〈…〉 of September the King with his nobilitie â—â—tred into high Bâ—lâ—ingne and after returned from thence â—â—â—ded at 〈…〉 the first of October The ninth of October in the night the French men came vnwares vpon the English men in base Boloigne and slewe of them a greate number howbâ—it they were shortly after chaced from thence and the base Towne holden after in good quiet Iohn Wilford Merchant Taylour Andrew Iud the 28. of S. Sherifes Maior Prises taken Sir William Laxton Grocer the 28. of October This yeare was taken by the Kings Shyppes of the West Country and of the Englishe coast the number of 300 French shippes and more so that the Grey Friers Churche in London was laide full of Wine the Austen Friers and Blacke Friers were layde full of Hering and other fish that was taken going into Fraunce The King demaunded a beneuolence of al his subiectes A beneuolence demaunded Spirituall and Temporall towardes his warres in France and Scotland And the twelfth of January the Lorde Chauncelour the Duke of Suffolke and other of the Kings Councell began to sit at Baynards
¶ The Chronicles of England from Brute vnto this present yeare of Christ 1580. Collected by IOHN STOW Citizen of London Printed at London by Ralphe Newberie at the assignement of Henrie Bynneman Cum Priuilegio Regiae Maiestatis ¶ Authours out of whom these Chronicles are collected ABbas Floriacensis Abraham Hartwel Adam Merimouth Aethicus Alfridus Beuerlacensis Alfridus Riuallensis Alexander Neckham Amianus Marcellinus Antonius Archiepiscopus Antiquitates Britan. eccle Antiquitates Glasconiae Antiquitates Calen. de Brist Antiquitates S. Pauli LondoÌ„ Annales de Hide Annales Elienses Annales de Aquitania Arbor Successorum Asserius Meneuensis Aurea Historia Arnolds Chroniclâ— Andrew Bourde Anthonie Ascham Anthonie Anthonie Baptista Platina Bede de gestis Anglorum Brute Booke Canterburie Records Caesars Commentaries Capitolinus Carta Regia Chronica de Dorobernia Chronica Chronicorum Chronica de Burgo S. Petri. Chronica de Dunstable Chronica de Wigmore Chronica de Bury Chronica de Dunmow Chronica de Eaton Chronica de Tewkesbury Chronica Glasconiae Chronica de Eouesham Chronica de Tintern Chronica de Tinmouth Chronica de Colchester Chroniques de Normandie Chroniques de Britaine Chronica Colleg. Regis Oxon. Chronica de Hautenprice Chronica de Holland Chronica de Bromholme Chronica S. Albani Conradus Mendenbar Cornelius Tacitus Constitutiones de London Dâ—â— Câ—â—â—â—â—s Doroâ—hâ—â—â— Edmond Haddenham Edmerus Dorobernensis Engwerant Encomium Emme Epistola Bonifacij Eusebius Eutropius Eulogium Erasmus Roteradam Edward Hall Edmond Campion Freculphus Floriacensis Wigornensis Flores Historiarum Flaccus Albinus Francis Guicciardine Galfridus Monemutensis Galfridus Vinisalfe Gasperus Varerius Geruasius Dorobernensis Geruasius de Mappamundi Geruasius Tilberiensis Gesta Abbatis Albani Gildas Sapiens Giraldus Cambrensis Giraldus Cornâ—biensis Guilelmus Mahnesburiensis Guilelmus Nouoburgensis Guilelmus Thorne Gualterus Couentriensis Guilelmus Rishanger Gualterus Hemingford Guilelmus Gemiticensis Guilelmus Tailour Guilelmus Paston Guilelmus Shepeshed Gualterus Baker Guilelmus Dunthorne Georgius Lilius Guilelmus Packington Geffrey Chaucer Guilelmus de Wilum Gual Haddon Herodian Henricus Huntingdonensis Henricus Lecestrensis Henricus Blandford Hector Boetius Humfrey Lhuid Henrie Bradshaw Iacobus Bergomas Iacobus Lassabeus Iohannes Salisburiensis Iohan. Hanuile Iosephus Iohannes de Vigney Iohannes Rowland Iohannes Mandeuile Iustine Iohannes Rouse Iohannes Maior Iohannes Bale Iohannes Fordon Iohannes Capgraue Iocelinus de Barkeland Iocelinus Furnensis Iohannes Leylandus Iohannes Leoaffer Iohannes Taxtor Iohannes Pike Iohannes Beuerlacensis Iohannes Euersden Iohannes Blackeman Iohannes Truklow Iohannes Lewenclaij Iohannes Prington Iohannes Gower Iohannes Belandin Iohn Frosert Iohn Audley Iohannes Fortescâ— Iohn Revstall Iohn S 〈…〉 Iohn Ca 〈…〉 Inscriptiones Glocest. Iohn Lidgate Iohn Harding Lampridius Leges Edwardi Regis Liber constitut London Liber Dunelmensis Liber Norwicensis Liber Tutsberiensit Liber s Martini magni Liber Lanthoni Liber Roffensis Liber Trinitatis London Liber Colne Liber Mona Ely Liber Bermondsey Liber pont London Liber Glocestrensis Liber Warwicensis Liber s Mariae de Southwark Liber Kenelworth Liber Bernewel Liber s Barthol Smithfielde Liber Colegij s Petri. Liber Edendon Liber Eastminster Liber Maior Vic. London Liber Eweline Liber Lichfielde Lilius Viraldus Liber Theokesburie Lodouicus Viues Marianus Scotus Martinus Polonus Mathaeus Paris Mathae WestmonasterieÌ„sis Matheus Parkerus Marlin Melkin Nenius Necham Nicephorus Nicholas Treuitus Nicholas Vpton Nicholas Perotus Nicholas Bromefielde Old Records Oracul Sibil Orosius Osbernus Pausanias Panegeric Constancio dictus Pau. Orosius Pau. Diaconus Paulus Aemilius Petrus de Ikham Petrus Ramus Petrus Pictauensis Perce de Longtofte Phillippus Comineus Policraticon Ponticus Virunius Polidorus Vergilius Quadrilogium Radulphus de Diceto Radulphus Niger Radulphus Baldoke Radulphus Cogshall Ranulphus Higden Record ecclesiae de Assaphe Registrum noui Mona Registrum fratrum minoruÌ„ Registrum monast de Hide Registrum de Wodbridge Registrum de ponte Rofensi Registrum de Clerkenwel Registrum mon. de Burie Registrum mon. s Albani Record ecclesiae Christi Can. Registrum mon. Cartuarien RegistruÌ„ fratruÌ„ carmelitaruÌ„ Registrum Maiorum LondoÌ„ Registrum mon. de Bataile Registrum de Garter Richardus Cirencestrensis Richardus Southwel Richardus Diuiensis Richardus Canenicus Rogerus Houeden Robertus Gaguin Robertus Glocestrensis Robertus de Auesburie Reynwels Testament Robertus de Brune Robert Fabian Robert Greene. Richard Turpin Scala Temporum Scalamundi Speculum Historiale Sebastian Munster Sigebertus Gimblacensis Scala Chronicor Simon Dunelmensis Solinus Suetonius Smart Falconer Strabâ— Spartianus Sozomenus Sulcardus Socrates Theodoretus Titus Liui. Thomas Castleforde Thomas Sprote Thomas de Wike Thomas Walsingham Thomas Rudburne Thomas Delamore Thomas Hocline Thomas Moore Thomas Lanquet Thomas Cooper Thomas Churchyarde Vita Berini Vita Aldelmi Vita Erkenwaldi Vigetius Vita Albani Vita Guilelmi Longocampo Vopiscus Vox Clamantis Wolfangus Lazius William Norwel William Caxton William Beare William Lambert William Patten Ypodigma Neustriae Zozimus DROIT · ET · LOYAL HONI â—¦ SOIT â—¦ QVI â—¦ MAL â—¦ Y â—¦ PENSE To the right Honorable the Lord Robert Dudley Earle of Leicester Baron of Denbigh Knight of the most noble Orders of the Garter and of Saint Michaell one of hir Maiesties moste Honourable priuie Counsell and Maister of hir Horsse THe good acceptatioÌ„ of my Summarie dedicated to your Lordship fiue yeares since right honorable my singular good Lord hathe so emboldened this Treatise growne now to a greater Volume that it presumeth with assured hope of like acceptance to present it selfe to your Honor vnder the protectioÌ„ therof to venture into the world and viewe of men and that the more boldly being an Historical Discourse of this oure natiue Countrie setting before our eyes to our instruction profite the incredible inconstancie continuall alterations of this transitorie world wyth the worthie exploites of our Kings and Gouernors What I haue performed herein to the common commoditie in searching out the truth and what varietie of worthy matters I haue recouered with no small coste and care out of the graue of Obliuion wherein they haue laine buried I referre to your honorable censure and the indifferent Reader not doubting but your Lordship whiche hath gotten grounded experience by the administration of most weighty affaires furnished your wisedome wyth diligent reading of sundrie Histories will bothe vouche safe to accepte this Monument of my affectionate minde with your wonted curtesie and shield it vnder the autoritie of your name against those whiche in this age requite honest endeuours with vnhonest speeches The Almighty God preserue your Honor with continual encrease of his benefits to his glory and your aduauncement Your Lordships most humble to commaund IOHN STOW ¶ To the gentle Reader AMongst other Bookes which are in this our learned age published in great numbers there are few eyther for the honestie of the matter or commoditie which they bring to the common wealth or for the pleasantnesse of the studie and reading to be preferred before the Chronicles and Hystories What examples of men deseruing immortalitie of exploites worthy great renowne
of vertuous liuing of the posteritie to be embraced of wise handling of weighty affaires diligently to be marked and aptly to be applied what incouragement of nobilitie to noble feates what discouragement of vnnaturall subiects from wicked treasons pernitious rebellions and damnable doctrines to conclude what perswasion to honestie godlynesse and vertue of all sorts what dissuasions from the contrary is not plentifully in them to be found So that it is as hard a matter for the Readers of Chronicles in my fansie to passe without some colours of wisedome inuitements to vertue and loathing of naughtie factes as it is for a welfauoured man to walke vp and downe in the hot parching Sunne not to be therewith sunburned They therefore which with long studie earnest good will to their great costes and charges haue brought hidden Histories from duskie darkenesse to the sight of the world and haue bin diligent obseruers of common wealthes and noted for the posteritie the fleeting manners of the people and accidents of the times deserue at the least thankes for their paines and to be misreported of none seeing they haue laboured for Note that the backebiter slayeth three at once himself by his ovvne malice hym that crediteth hys false tales and him that he backebiteth all I write not this to complayne of some mens ingratitude towardes me although iustly I might but to shewe the commodities which ensue of the reading of Histories that seeing they are so great and so many all men would as they ought imploy their diligence in the honest fruitefull and delectable perusing of the same and so to accompt of the Authors as of men carefull for their Countrey and to confesse if neede require by whome they haue taken profite It is now seuentene yeres since I seing the confuse order of our late English Chronicles and the ignorant handling of auntient affaires leauing myne owne peculiar gaines consecrated my selfe to the search of our famous Antiquities What I haue done in them before time the former editions of my Summarie of Chronicles maye wel testifie but howe farre be it spoken without arrogancie I haue laboured for the truth more thā some other this last edition wil euidently declare wherein that I differ from the inordinate and vnskilful collections of other men it is no maruel seeing that I doe not fully agree with my selfe as some malitious persons haue fondely charged me but lette it be considered that there is nothing perfect at the first and that it is incident to mankinde to erre and slippe sometime but onelye the point of fantasticall fooles to perseuer and continue in their errors Wherfore seeing that the perusing of auncient Records and best approued Histories of all times not without great difficultie obteined doe not onely moue me but for their aucthoritie driue me to acknowledge both mine and other mens errors and in acknowledging to correct them I truste to obtaine thus muche at your handes that at the leaste you wil call to remembraunce a moste gentle and wise lawe of the politike Persians wherein it was enacted that a man accused to bee in their lawes a trespasser and founde guiltie of the crime should not straight waye bee condemned but after a diligent enquirie and searche of his whole life and conuersation no slaunder imputed vnto him as of importaunce if the number of his laudable factes didde counteruaile the contrarie he was full quit of the trespasse The same lawe do I wishe the readers of these my Chronicles to put in vre that if the errors be not so plentiful as Histories truely alleadged they wil beare with them for as I promised so haue I tried all matters worthie of immortalitie by the certaine Touchstone of best allowed Historiographers and yet notwithstanding some faults by misprinting haue escaped the correction whiche easily may be seene and amended by the diligent Reader ⧠A briefe Description of Englande Scotlande VVales and Cornvvall BRitaine or Brutanne which by two names is called England and Scotland is an Ilande in the Ocean Sea scituate right ouer against France one parte of which Isle Englishmen do inhabite another parte Scottes the thirde parte Walshmē and the fourth part Cornishmen All they eyther in language conditions or lawes do differ among themselues England so called of Englishmen whiche did winne the same is the greatest parte and is diuided into xl Counties xl Counties or Shires which we call Shires whereof ten that is to say Kent Sussex Surrey Southampton Barkeshire Wiltshire Dorsetshire Somersetshire Deuonshire and Cornwal doe conteyne y e first part of that Iland which part bounding toward the South standeth betwéene the Thames and the Sea From thence to the riuer of Trent which passeth through the middest of England be xvj shyres wherof the first sixe stāding Eastward are Essex Middlesex Hartfordshire Suffolk Northfolke and Cambridgeshire the other ten whiche stande more in the middle of the Country are these Bedforde Huntingdon Buckingham Oxforde Northampton Rutland Leicester Notingham Warwike and Lincolne After these there be vj. which border westwarde vppon Wales as Gloucester Hereford Worcester Shropshire Stafford Chester and Monmouth About the middle of the Region lie Darbishire Yorkshire Lancashire and Cumberlande On the left hand toward the West is Westmerland Against the same is the Bishoppricke of Durham and Northumberlande whiche boundeth vpon the North in the Marches of Scotland These shyres be diuided into xxij Bishoprikes which by a Gréeke worke be called Dioceses Of whiche Dioceses Canterburie hath Kent Rochester hath part of Kent London hath Essex Middlesex and part of Hartford Chichester hath Sussex Winchester hath Hampshire Surrey and the Isle of Wight Salisburie hath Barkeshire and Wiltshire Exceter hath Deuonshire and Cornwal Bath and Welles hath Sommersetshire Worcester hathe Worcestershire and parte of Warwickshire Gloucester hath Gloucestershire Hereforde hath part of Shropshyre and Herefordshyre Couentrie and Lichfield hath Staffordshyre Darbishire part of Warwickshyre and part of Shropshyre Lincolne which is the gretest lying betwéene the Thames and Humbre hath Lincolne Leycester Huntington Bedforde Buckingham and the residue of Hartfordshire Ely hath Cantabridgeshire and the Isle of Ely Norwich hath Suffolke and Northfolke and part of Cantabridgeshyre Oxforde hath Oxfordeshire Peterborow hath Northamptonshire and Rutlande Bristowe hath Dorsetshire And this is the prouince of the Archbishop of Canterburie whych is the Primate of all England wyth Wales The Archbishop of Yorke hath Yorkeshire Notinghamshire and a piece of Lancashire The Bishop of Durhā hath the Bishoprike so commonly called and Northumberlande Chester hath Chesshire most part of Lancashire Richmonde part of Flintshire and part of Denbighshire Carlile conteyneth Cumberlande and Westmerlande and thys is the other Prouince of the Archbishoppe of Yorke whiche is another primate of England and was of long time also primate of al Scotland but these Dioceses take their names of the Cities where those Seas be placed the chiefe whereof is London where in the beginning was
the Archbishops Sea but afterwards transposed to Canterbury a Cittie in Kente placed in a soyle amiable and pleasaunt London standeth in Middlesex on the Northe side of the Thames That most excellent and goodly riuer hath first the name of Ise and beginneth in Coteswolde in Glocestershire about a mile from Titbery and as much from the high waye called Frosse and it taketh firste the name Tamis◠néere to Dorcester bridge where the riuer Tame and the forsayde I se méete and so with a maruellous quiet course it passeth by London and then breaketh into the French Ocean by maine tydes whiche twice in xxiiij houres space doeth ebbe and flow more than lx myles to the great commoditie of trauellers by whiche all kindes of Marchandice be easilye conueyed to London the principal store staple for al cōmodities within this realm Upō y e same riuer is placed a stone Lōdon Bridge bridge a work very rare and maruellous which bridge hath reckning y e draw bridge xx arches made of foursquare stone of height lx foote of bredth xxx foote distant one frō another xx foote compacte ioyned togither with vaults and cellers Uppon both sides be houses builded that it séemeth rather a continual stréete than a bridge The Oceā sea doth bound England the first part of Brytaine East South Wales Cornwal West The riuer of Twede deuideth England Scotland North. The length of the Iland beginneth at Portsmouth in y e South parte endeth at Twede in the North contayning 320. myles Thys Realme aboue other is moste fruitefull on thys syde Humbre for beyonde it is fuller of Mountaines And althoughe to the beholders of that Countrey a farre off it maye séeme playne yet it is full of manye hilles and those for the moste parte voyde of trées the valleyes whereof be verye delectable inhabited for the moste part by noble men who according to auntiente and old order desire not to dwel in Cities but neare vnto valleyes and riuers in seuerall villages for auoyding of vehement windes bicause that Iland naturally is stormie Humbre hath his beginning a little on this side Yorke by and by runneth Southward and then holdeth his course Eastward and so into the maine Sea greatlye encreased by the Riuers of Dune and Trent Trent beginneth a little from Stafforde running through Darbishyre and Leicestershire passing by Litchfielde Notingham on y e right hand Dune on the left hād so that both those riuers do make an Ileland whiche is called Auxolme and then ioyning togither on this side Kingstone vpon Hul a goodly marchaunt Towne they fall into Humbre by whiche riuer they may ariue out of Fraunce Germanie and Denmarke England is fruitefull of beastes and aboundeth with cattel wherby the inhabitants be rather for the most part grasiers than ploughmen bycause they giue themselues more to féeding than to tillage So that almoste the third part of the Countrey is employed to Cattell Déere red and fallowe Gotes wherof there be store in the North parts Conies for euery where there is iolly maintenaunce of those kindes of beastes bycause it is full of great woods where of there ryseth pastime of hunting gretly exercised specially by the Nobilitie and Gentlemen Andrew Bourd sayth there be moe Andrevv Bord Parkes in England than in all Europe beside Scotland an other part of Brytain wherof in this place I Scotland haue thought good to treate at large that no further mentiō of the situation therof might be made hereafter began sometime at the Hill called Grampius nowe called Grantsbeyn stretching to the furthest coaste Northwarde but after the ouerthrowe of the Pictes it began at the Riuer Twede and sometimes at the Riuer of Tyne the fortune of warres altering the same as it doth al other things Therfore the length of Scotland from Twede to the furthest coaste is estéemed to be 480. miles But as Scotland is longer than Englande so it is narrowe and endeth like a wedge For the mountayne Grampius is euil fauoured and craggie which Tacitus in the Cornelius Tacitus life of Iulius Agricola doth remember pearcing throughe the bowels of Scotland from the coast of the Germaine sea that is to say from the mouth of y e Riuer of Dee to the Irishe sea euen to the Laake of Lomunde whiche lyeth betwéene that Countrey and the same hil The riuer of Twede which springeth out of a little hyl not far beyond Roxborough is mingled with the Germaine Ocean ioyning Southward with that Countrey whiche is called the Marches being the east bounds betwéen England Scotland The said riuer of Twede separateth y e Marches from Northumberland the furthest Countrey of Englande hauing prospect to the Germaine Sea the chiefe town wherof is Barwicke nowe in possession of the English The Westerne limit of Scotlande whilom was Cumberlande whiche the Riuer of Solue deuideth from Annandale Betwéen these two Regions the Cheuiot Hils appere Next to the Marches Pictlande bordereth nowe tearmed Loughdean bounding vpō the East a very hillie Countrey barren almost of any trées The most famous townes of the same be Dunbar Hadington Leith Northberwik Edenborough the Kings seate where also is the Castel of Maydens a very strong and defensible place The same Citie the riuer of Forthea commōly called the Frith doth water and passe by whiche being caried into the Germaine Ocean maketh greate armes or meres commonly called the Scottish sea wherein besides other is the Iland of Saint Columbe by name called Aemonia The same riuer agayne deuideth from Loughdean a Countrey adioyning aboundant of all things called y e Fife in whych Country are many townes as Donfermile Cupre but the notable town of Saint Andrewe speciallye famous for the Uniuersitie and beautified with the sea of the Archbishoppe and primate of all Scotlande On the other side towardes the Irishe side Northwarde is Nidisdalia so called of the Riuer that passeth therby where bee the strong townes of Douglasse and Donfriese Upon the South adioyneth Galloway more aboundaunte of Fodder for Cattel than of Wheate wher is the Towne of Candida Casa now called Whitherne and the auntient tēple of Saint Ninian adourned also with an Episcopal Sea In those parts besides the towne of Wighton is a laake of a wonderfull nature bycause the one side in Winter doeth fréese and the other not By that standeth the Countrey of Caricta once renoumed wyth the towne Caricton whereof perchaunce it tooke the name Aboue Caricta towardes the West is Elgonia by which name Ptolome calleth the Countrey bordering vppon the Ocean wherein is the Laake Lomunde whiche is very brode and large contayning manye Ilandes situate at the foote of the mountaine Grantesbeyn eyght myles from the Castell of Donbriton besides the riuer Bodotria now named Leuinus entring into the riuer of Glota or Clude Here some do contende that the name of Bodotria is not well applyed to Leuinus bycause it appeareth by Cornel. Tacitus that
Bodotria Glota haue sundry passages into y e sea and are clearely dirempte one from the other as Leuinus and Glota are not wherfore they iudge rather the riuer nowe called the Frith to be that which of olde time had to name Bodotria and to proue the same they adde manye other reasons whiche here I omitte But a good space on thys side Grampius riseth the riuer of Taus the greatest in all Scotland taking his name of a Laake from whence it springeth whiche falleth by Atholia and Calidonia by many places but chiefly by Perthum now called Saint Iohns towne and lastlye by Dunde in time past called Alectum and there breaketh into the Germaine sea and at the mouth forceth great estuars or armes of the sea whereof Tacitus maketh mention Againste Taus is Anguise whiche by meanes of that riuer is fertile and prosperous and is deuided from Fife To y ◠same vpō the North adioyneth Athels not the barrēnest Countrey as well for water as for plentie of soyle On the other side Arguile sheweth it selfe whyche being full of laakes yéeldeth greater plentie of fodder than fruite whose vttermost bounds stretch so farre as Ireland is not distante past xvj miles about which the promontorie or foreland called Lands hed standeth That coast whilom the Silures did inhabite as Polidor gathereth by these wordes of Plinie in hys 4. booke the. 16. Chapter Ireland being situate ouer against Brytain is distant frō the nation of Silures by the shortest cut xx myles Howbeit some other for that it is manifest by the same Plinie in y t same Chapter and also by other writers that Brytaine was not in hys tyme well knowen so farre North suppose he mente not by this that the Silures shoulde inhabite Arguile but rather South-Wales from whence the passage ouer was better known and as he mighte haue vnderstanding shortest Wher also as wel Tacitus as Antoninus séeme to place that people Betwéene Argile and Olgouia Westwarde lyeth the Countrey of Sterling so called by a towne there Here the forest of Calydonia began on the left side which within stretcheth farre and broade This forrest sometimes bred white Bulles long maned like Lions whiche were so wilde as they coulde not be tamed but bycause the flesh was pleasant and daintie to the mouth the whole race of them almoste is extinguished There likewise is the Castel of Calydone situate by Taus called Doucheldine From a little hil of the forrest ryseth Glota or Cluid which by a brode chanel falleth into the Irishe Ocean for stayed in a manner by the bankes of the mountaine Grampius it slydeth into the sea by greate tydes so as witnesseth Tacitus the Romaines thought it to be another Ilande Of that riuer the Dale was called Glotevale whyche Countrey that Riuer runneth by and in the same is the Citie of Glasco a goodlye Uniuersitie Agayne towardes the Easte is ioyned the Countrey as Anguish and Merne vppon the Sea coaste wherein Fordune by situation is verye strong and for the reliques of S. Palladius the Scottish Apostle famous Of the same syde of Scotlande is the Countrey of Marre garnished with a Citie called Aberdone standing betwéene the two Riuers of Dona and Dea with a Schole also adorned Then followeth Morrey whiche the two notable Riuers doe compasse aboute called Nessa and Spea At the mouthe of thys last Riuer standeth the Towne of Elgis aboute the banckes whereof be huge woods replenished wyth all sortes of wilde beastes There is a Laake also called Spina stoared with plentie of Swannes but in the middle part standeth the broad Countrey of Rossia now called Beane Rozen stretching to the vttermost angle euen to both the Seas and the further it goeth Eastwarde the better it is inhabited In the same is a bosome of the Sea nowe and then so conuenient for Sailers as cōmonly it is called the port of Health or the Hauen of Safetie and the towne Thana The breadth of the Iland is very short for falling into y e forme of a wedge it is scant xxx mile ouer which defended with thrée promontories like towers repelleth the greate waues and surges of the Sea and inuironed with two gulfes whiche those promontories doe inclose the entries be quiet and calme and the water peaceable The straite of that lande is at this day called Cathanes coasting vpon the Sea Deucalidon Thus muche of the particulars of Scotlande But y ◠same is in euery place ful of good Hauens and nauigable entryes Laakes with Marshes flouds fountaines very full of fishe and mountaines vpon the tops wherof be pleasant plaines yéelding great store of grasse and plentie of fodder for Cattel wooddes likewise full of wilde beastes That part of the land is well sustained with commodities and therefore the people harde to be vanquished at anye time by reason the woods and Marshes be at hande for refuge and hunger eased wyth Ueneson and Fish About Scotlande in the Irishe Seas are xl Ilandes of Plinie tearmed Brytanniae other call them Meuania other Hebrides Manye of these in length at leaste are thirty miles but in breadth not aboue xij Amongest thē is Iona beautified with the Tombes of the Scottish Kings The Ilanders generally speake Irishe whiche declareth them to take their originall of the Irishe nation Beyonde Scotlande towarde the Northe be the Iles of Orchades whiche as Ptolome saith be xxx in number some lying in the Ducalidon Sea and some in the Germaine Ocean the principall of whiche Ilandes is Pamonia bycause it is a Byshops sea and is vnder the gouernement of Scotlande The Ilanders vse the Gothes spéeche whiche argueth them to procéede from the Germaines They be tall of stature but verie helthie and lustie of body and minde liuing very long although their chiefest foode is fishe for the lande almost continually beset with colde in many places is not able to bear corne and generally almost without trée or bushe Beyonde the Orchades standeth Thule in the Frosen sea nowe called Iselande to which our marchauntes repaire for fishing once euery yeare in the Sommer And thus much haue I to say of the scite of Scotlande nowe of the nature and maners of the people The Scottes whiche inhabite in the Southern parte bée wel nurtured and liue in good ciuility the most ciuile vse the English spéech And for that wood there is geason scant their common fewel is of a blacke stone whiche they dig out of the Earth The other part Northern ful of mountaines a very rude and homely kinde of people doth inhabite which are called the redshankes or wilde Scottes They be clothed with a mantel and shyrte saffroned after the Irishe manner going bare legged to the knée Their weapons are bowes dartes with a verie brode sword and a dagger sharp only at the one side All speake Irish féeding on fishe milke chéese fleshe hauing a great number of Cattell The Scottes differ from the Englishe in lawes and customes bicause
they vse the ciuill lawe as almost other Countryes doe The English haue theyr own laws and edicts In certain other conditions they be not farre vnlike but their language is one their habite complexion like one corage in battel and in the Nobilitie one desire and pregnancie in hunting The countrey houses be narrow couered with straw réede wherein the people and beasts do lodge togither Theyr towns besides S. Iohns towne are vnwalled which is to be ascribed to their animositie hardinesse fixing all their succor helpe alway in the valiancie of their body The Scots are verye wise as their learning declareth For to whatsoeuer Art they do apply themselues they easily profite in the same But the ydle â—louthful and such chiefly as shun and auoyde labour liue in great pouertie yet wil not sticke to boast of their nobilitie and gentrie as though it were more séemely for the honest to lacke than comely by exercise of some honest Arte to get their liuing But the Scots generally be deuoute obseruers of Religion And thus muche of Scotlande Wales the third parte of Brytaine lyeth vppon the lefte VVales hande whiche like a Promontorie or foreland or an Isle as it were on euery side is compassed with the maine Sea except it be on y e Southeast part with the riuer of Sabrine commonly called Seuern which diuideth Wales from England although some late writers affyrme Hereford to be a bound betwéene Wales and England and say that Wales beginneth at Chepstow where the riuer Wey augmented with an This arme of the Sea as I â—udge is novve called Aust vvhere is a passage betvveene the village of Aust and Chepstoâ—â— other riuer called Lugge passing by Hereforde doth runne into the Sea whiche riuer ryseth in the middle of Wales out of that hil but vncertayne whether oute of that Spring that Sabrine doth for euen to that place there goeth a great arme of the Sea which passing through the land westward on the right hand leaueth Cornwal and on the left Wales whiche Topographie or description althoughe it be newe yet I thought good to follow Therefore Wales is extended from the town of Chepstow where it beginneth almost by a straight line a little aboue Shrowsburie euen to Westchester Northward Into that part so many of the Brytaines as remayned aliue after the slaughter and losse of their countrey at the length being driuen to their shiftes did repayre as auntient writings report where partly through refuge of the mountaines and partly of the wooddes and marishes they remained in safetie which part they enioy euen to this day That land afterwards the English men did cal Wales Giraldus Cambrensis and the Brytaines the inhabitants of the same Walshmen for amongs the Germaines Walshman signifieth a stranger an alien an outborne or strange man that is suche a one as hath a coÌ„trarie laÌ„guage from theirs for Wal in their tongue is called a stranger borne as an Italian or Frenchman which differ in spéech from the Germaine Man signifieth Homo which is a Man in Englishe Therefore Englishmen a people of Germanie after they had wonne Brytaine called the Brytaines whiche escaped after the destruction of theyr Country after their Country maner Walshmen bicause they had an other tongue or speach besides theirs and the laÌ„d which they inhabited Wales which name afterward both to the people and country did remaine By this meane the Brytaines with their kingdome loste their name But they which affirme that name to be deriued of their Kyng or Quéene without doubt be deceyued The countrey soyle towardes the Sea coast in other places in the valleys and playnes is moste fertile whiche yéeldeth bothe to man and beast great plenty of fruite and grasse but in other places for the most part it is barraine lesse fruitful bicause it lacketh tillage for whych cause husbandmen doe liue hardly eating Oten cakes drinking Milke mixt with water There bée many towns strong Castels foure Bishoprickes if the Foure Bishope in VVales Bishopricke of Hereford be counted in England as the late wryters declare The firste Bishopricke is Meneue so called of Meneua which at this day they call Saint Dauids a Citie very auntient scituated vppon the Sea coast and boundeth Westwarde towarde Irelande An other is Landaffe the thirde Bangor and the fourth Saint Asaph which be vnder y e Archbishop of Canterbury The WelshmeÌ„ haue a language froÌ„ the Englishmen which as they say y t fetch their pedigrée froÌ„ y e Troians doth partly sounde of the Troian antiquitie and partly of the Gréeke But hewsoeuer it is the Walshemen doe not pronounce their speache so pleasauntlye and gently as the Englishmen doe bicause they speake more in the throate and contrariwise the Englishmen rightly following the Latines do expresse their voice somewhat within the lips whiche to the hearers séemeth pleasaunt and swéete And thus much of Wales the thirde part of Brytaine Nowe followeth the fourth and last part of Brytaine named Cornwal This part beginneth on that side which standeth towarde Spaine Westward Toward the Easte it is of bredth foure score and ten miles extending a little beyond S. Germains which is a very famous village situate on y e right hand vppon the Sea coaste where the greatest bredth of that Countrey is but. xx miles for this parcel of land on the right hande is compassed with the coast of the maine Sea and on the left hand with that arme of the sea which as before is declared parteth the land and runneth vp to Chepstow wher the CouÌ„try is in forme of a horne For at y e first it is narrow and then groweth broder a little beyonde the sayd town of S. Germain Eastward it bordreth vpoÌ„ EnglaÌ„d West South North y e main sea is rouÌ„d about it it is a very barren soile yéelding fruite more through trauel of y e tillers husbaÌ„dmeÌ„ than through the goodnesse of the ground but there is greate plentie of Lead Tin in the mining digging wherof doth specially consist the liuing and sustentation of the inhabitaÌ„ts Their tong is far dissonant from English but it is much like to the Walsh tong bicause they haue many words coÌ„mon to both tongs yet this difference there is betwéen them when a Walsh man speaketh the Cornish maÌ„ rather vnderstandeth manie words spoken by the Walshman than the whole tale he telleth whereby it is manifest that those thrée people doe vnderstand one another in like maner as y e Southern Scots doe perceiue and vnderstand the Northern But it is a thing very rare and maruellous that in one Iland there should be such varietie of spéeches Cornwal is in the Diocesse of Exceter whiche was once worthy to be counted the fourthe parte of the Iland for the contrariety of the language Afterwards the NormaÌ„s which constituted a kingdome of al those thrée parts reckened Cornwal to be one of the Counties or
noyse c. Rodianus was king of Brytaine two yeares Redargius raigned king of Brytaine thrée yeares Samulius raigned king of Brytaine two yeares Penisellus was king of Brytaine thrée yeares Pyrrhus ruled this land of Brytaine two yeares Caporus was king of Brytaine two yeares DInellus the son of Caporus a iust and vertuous prince gouerned this Real me foure yeares HElius his sonne raigned not fully one yere Of this prince the I le of Elie toke the name LVd the eldest sonne of Hely succéeded his father he ameÌ„ded 66 Lud repayred fortified London Flores Hist his laws and toke away al vsages that wer nought moreouer he repayred the Citie of new Tâ—â—y with faire buildings and waltestand builded on the Weast parte thereof a strong gate which vnto this time retayneth the â—â—â—ne of him and is called Ludgate Finally he dyed leauing after hym two sonnes Androgius and Theomantius who not being Ludston or London toke the name of king Lud. of the age â—o gouerned their vncle Cassibelan obtayned the Crown London toke the name of Lud and was called Ludston He was buried nere to the same Ludgate in a Temple which he there â—â—ilded CAssibelanus the sonne of Hely after the deathe of his brother 58 Iohn Bâ—le Iulius Caesar his first voyage into England Eutropiuâ— Lud was made gouernour of Brytaine which ruled xix yeares In the. viij yeare of his raigne Iulius Caesar coâ—â—â—ing vnto that parte where Caleys and Boloigue now stand determined to make warre into Brytaine which Eutropiuâ— vntil that time remained vnfrequented and vnknown of the Romains His quarrell was bicause y e in the wars of FraÌ„ce Casars Commentaries he perceyued the Frenchmen to haue much succour and ayde from thence And bycause he could not vnderstand nor learn the greatnesse or state of the IlaÌ„d neither what nations they were whiche inhabited the same nor what lawes customes or kinde of gouernemente they vsed nor yet what Hauens they had able to receyue any number of ships he sent Caius Volusenus before with a Galley to discouer as muche as hée coulde concerning those matters who within fiue dayes after retourned to Caesar declaring such things as he had learned by coasting alongst the shore for he durste not for feare of the Brytaines stirre out of his Galley In the meane space there came Embassadours from many Cities of the Isle and deliuered him Hostages with whom he sent Comius of Arras charging him to exhort and perswade the reste of the Cities and Countyes to do the like And he himselfe shortly after hauing prepared lxxx ships sayled into Brytaine where Tvvo voyages of Caesar at the first being wearied with an harde and sharpe battayle and after with sodaine tempest his nauie almost destroyed he retourned againe into Fraunce there to winter his men The next Spring which was the yere before Christ 51. his Nauye being newe rigged and encreased he passed the Seas againe with a greater armye but whiles hée went towards his â—â—imies on land his ships lying at Anker were driuen on the sands where they stacke fast or else throughe beating one against another with force of the tempest they were destroyed so that xl were lost the other with muche labour were saued In the meane space Saeua one of Caesars soldiours Eutropius with foure others who before in a small vessel were conueyed to a rocke neare the Isle and by ebbing of the OceaÌ„ being for saken a greate number of Brytaines fell on a fewe Romaines and some of his companions though but fewe found meanes to returne by boate but Saeua remained with out fear in y e midst of his enimies darâ—s first with his speare he reâ—â—sted them after with his sword he alone foughte against many of them and when he was both wearie wouÌ„ded and had lost his helmet and shielde with two light harnesses he ranne to Caesars tents and asked pardoÌ„ of the Emperor for his ouerboldnesse who not onely forgaue him but honored him with the Office of a Centurion Upon land Caesars horssemen at the first encounter were vanquished Laberius Durus the Tribune slaine in a place now called ChestoÌ„ wood neare vnto Rochester as saith the Chronicle of Wygmore Cro Wigmore At the second conflict not w tout great daunger of his men he put the Brytaines to fight from thence he went vnto the riuer Thamis on y e further side wherof Cassibelanus with a great multitude of people was kéeping the banks who had set all the sayde bankes and al the shallow places vnder the Casars Comen water with sharpe stakes euery one of them as big as a maÌ„s thighe bounde aboute with leade and driuen so fast into the bottom of the riuer that they can neuer be remoued so saith Bede Asser Bede and Asser who affirme that in their times the sayde stakes were easilye perceiued to remaine as aforesayd But Cassibelanus and his Brytains not being able to resist the violence and force of the Romaines hid themselues in woods with sodaine eruptions oftentimes inuaded them but in the London submitted to Caesar meane time London their strongest Citie submitted it selfe deliuered hostages to Caesar who at their request placed MaÌ„dubratius to be their gouernour whose Father called Imanentius being chiefe Lord or ruler of the Trinobants Cassibelane had before slaine wherewith Mandubratius fled and comming to Caesar not only submitted hymself but also was a great meanes as many doe write for Caesar to subdue the rest yet did Cassibelane sende messengers to the foure Kings that ruled in the quarters of Kente that with al theyr puissance they shold set on the Romaines that lay next theÌ„ their names wer Cingetorex Caruilius Taximagulus Segonax who obeying his requeste were discomfited and Cingetorex taken wherewithal Cassibelane being dismayed after many losses was constrayned to giue pledges and to agrée that Brytaine shoulde become tributarie to Romaines Then Caesar Iulius Câ—sar conquering the vvorld vvas slain vvith bodkins Eutropius Iohn Lydgate Plinie Suetonius The Castels of Douer Cauterbury Rochester the tovver of London built Salisbury Chichester Excester builded like a conquerour with a great number of prisoners sayled into Fraunce and so to Rome where after his retourne out of Brytaine he consecrated to Venus a surcotte of Brytayne Pearles the desire wherof partly moued him to inuade this Countrey shortlye after he was by the Senate slaine in the Counsel house Iohn Lydgate Iohn Rouse and others write that Iulius Caesar builded in this lande the Castels of Douer of Canturburie Rochester and the Towre of London the Castell and towne of Caesars Burie taking his name after Caesar the which is now called Salisburie He also edifyed Caesars Chester that now is called Chichester and the castel of Excester c Caesar in his Commentaries fayth the Brytons coyne was Caesars CoÌ„menmentaries touching the barbarousnesse of Brytons of brasse or else rings of Iron sized at a
the army and in moste base and beastly maner gouerned as it were by entreatie so as they mighte séeme to haue compounded that the souldiours shoulde liue in all libertie and the Generall at hys safetie This time for a yeare and halfe there was deadly ciuil war amoÌ„g the Romaines for the Empire betwéen Galba Otho and Vitelius VEctius Volanus then was sent hither by Vitelius he did 69 Vectius Volanus not vse any discipline or correctioÌ„ in Brytaine so as there continued the like slouth and cowardise in the souldioures toward their enimyes and the Campe still as full of wantonnesse sauing that Volanus was a good and milde man and thereby made himselfe beloued where hée shoulde haue béene feared In this time Vitelius aduaunced many Souldioures in the Brytaine legions and Herdonius Flaccus broughte vnto hym 80000. chosen men of warre oute of Tacitus Brytaine The Brytans séeing y e Romaines thus encombred with ciuil war began to trouble them wherefore Volanus would send no succour to Vitelius at his commaundement when Vespasian warred againste him for the Empire and all the Brytaines fauored Vespasian WHen as with the rest of the world Vespasian had recouered 70 Brytaine theÌ„ were there placed great Captaines and notable armies the enemyes hope abated and Petilius Cerealis broughte greate feare vppon the Brytaines The Petilius Cerealis Citie of the Brigantes which was accounted one of the greatest of the lande beyng by hym assayled he hadde manye encountres and some not withoute slaughter whereby hée eyther conquered or assayled a greate part of their country Iulius Frontinus a man as worthye and valiaunt as was Iulius Frontinus possible tooke then the charge vpon him subdued the nation of the Silures being both valiant warlike notwithstanding the valor of the enemy and difficulties of the places This was the state of Brytaine and course of the warres whych Agricola found arriuing in the middest of Sommer Iulius Agricola the Souldiors euen then beginning to retire to their strengthes and the enimye searching for his most aduantage The Citie of the Ordouices fewe dayes before hys arriuall almoste wholly defeated a company lying vppon their bordures This beginning stirred vp the prouince seruing for an example to them who coueted the warres and yet desired to sée what was in their newe Gouernor Agricola although the Sommer were nowe well spent the bandes dispersed all aboute the prouince the souldiours had determined to reste for that yeare the time being late and incommodious to commence the warre thinking it woulde be better to manne the péeces moste suspected yet he determined neuerthelesse to preuent daunger and gathering togither the Standards of the Legions with a few of his forraine aides for that the Ordouices durst not take the field marched foorth agaynste them hymselfe in the vauwarde of his armye that others might take like courage in the same danger and put almoste that whole nation to the sworde then followyng hys good successe he inuaded Anglesey whiche Suetonius had before attempted causing certaine Brytaines that serued him and knewe the shallows and maner of swimming wyth horse and harnesse to passe ouer into the Isle on a sodaine wherewith the inhabitauntes were so amazed who Tacitus feared nothing bycause they sawe no nauie that they submitted the I le vnto him immediately Nowe hauing some quietnesse and perceyuing that warre would little preuaile againste the Brytaines if they were iniuriouslye handled he purposed to cut off al causes of quarrel and first reforming his owne familie did nothing partially onely respected the vertue of men loosened tributes and behaued himsefe moste honourably And thus muche the firste yeare When the Sommer beganne he assembled his armies trayned his souldioures forrayed the enimies Countries with sodaine inuasions to their greate feare and yet so fauorably as many Countries willingly yéelded vnto him and suffered Castelles to be builte among them The Winter following he spente in ciuill administration counsayling the people priuately and helping them publikely to builde houses Temples and Courte houses He procured noble mens children to study liberall Sciences and then beganne the Brytaines to conforme themselues to Romaine fashions and attyre The thirde yeare he discouered people in the Northe hitherto vnknowne euen as farre as Tau terrifying the people and placing fortresses moste wisely to the annoyaunce of the enimie The fourth Sommer he employed getting those Countries whiche hitherto he had passed throughe euen to the Edenborough Frith and Cluid the narrowe space betwéene the whych waters he fortified The fifth yeare by Sea he discouered and vanquished further nations in the North and placed garrisons in the coast towarde Irelande wherevnto he also aspired and to that end reteyned an Irish Prince with him that was driuen oute of his Country by ciuil dissention But in the Sommer whiche beganne the sixt yere of hys gouernement he searched the Hauens by a nauie for that purpose sent to the Sea fearing leaste all those nations beyonde had vnited themselues and kept the passages by land but afterward he marched forward his nauie coasting with his army by land so as sometime in the same Campe he had horsemen footemen and Seamen lodged togither It was reported by suche as were taken prisoners that the sighte of the nauie much astonied the Brytaines as men from whom all refuge was cutte off the secrets of their Seas being discouered wherefore determining to trie it with hand blowes the inhabitantes of Calidonia with greate preparation although the reporte thereof were greater as it often hapneth in vnknowne matters of their own accorde assayled some Castelles and séeyng themselues rather to bée assaylantes than defendauntes putte the Romaines in some doubte wherevpon the â—owards pretending pollicie aduised to retire on this side Bodotria rather than to be driuen thereto by force when as in the meane while Agricola knowing that the enimye woulde charge hym in seuerall troupes and companyes and fearing to bée ouermatched and couped in wyth number or deceyued by the ignoraunce of the place diuided his army into thrée battailes and so marched forwarde whiche order marked by hys enimyes made them alter their purpose and in the night killing the watch brake in vpon the ninth legion halfe asléepe and halfe afrighted which as they tooke it was the weakest so the fighte continued within the Camp til it was day light at which time the Romaines began to gather courage and the Brytaines were discomfited so as hadde it not bene for the woodes and bogges that victorie had ended the whole strife after which battaile the Romain souldiors grew to be of hautie corage crying out to pierce the country of Calidonia that they might finde oute the vttermoste portes and boundes of Brytaine The Romaynes on the other side ascribing the prayse of this victorie not to the prowesse of the Romaine souldioure but to Fortune and the wilinesse of their Capitaine vsed al meanes possible to hearten vppe and arme their
but he with his mother fledde to Theodotius and persuaded him to take reuenge of Maximus In the meane time Maximus came to Aquileia all Italie and Affrica submitted themselues vnto him when sodainelye Theodotius comming from Constantinople moued warre against him corrupted his souldiours with brybes and after one or two skirmishes enforced Maximus to flye to Aquileia where his owne souldiours deliuered him to Theodosius by whose commaundement he was shortly after beheaded Andragatius also who kept the Seas vnderstanding this drowned himselfe and Victor the sonne of Maximus was slaine in Fraunce by Arbogustes The Brytaines which serued him retourned into Fraunce and setled them in the Countrey there which is now called Brytaine so was Brytaine recouered Giraldus againe to the Romaines Empire Saint Vrsula with the 11000. Uirgins whiche were sente The. 11000. Virgins Flores HistoriaruÌ„ into Brytaine to be married to Conon and hys Knyghtes were slaine and martyred of the barbarous people being on the sea But as some write by Attila King of the Huâ—â—es HOnorius the sonne of Theodosius succéeded in the Empire 365 Bede Pelagius Heresie in whose time Pelagius a Brytaine borne disparckled the venome of his faithlesse Doctrine very farre abroade holding that a man might liue well without the help of the grace of God vsing héerein the ayde of Iulianus of Campania who was intemperately stirred with the losse of his Bishoprike to whome Saint Austen and other Fathers also haue answered in most ample maner but yet they would not be amended thereby but being conuicted of their falsehoode they rather would encrease it by defending and maynteyning it than amend it by returning to the truth This time Marcus was chosen Emperoure by the Souldyoures Lâ—ziâ—â—â— in Brytaine fearing the inuasion of the Vandales but immediately they slewe him and elected Gratianus whome also they murthered within foure monethes Then Constantine a Souldiour of base estate onely vpon confidence of his name was elected héere Emperoure who passing hence into France with all the youth of Brytaine gote all the men of warre there to take part with him Honorius sent therefore Sarus to withstand him who in a foughten field slew Iustinian Constantines Captayne and so pursued Constantine that he made him take Valentia wherein he sharply beséeged him vntill Gerentias with his Brytaines and Edebrichus with the francks raysed the séege Then Constantine fortifyed the Alpes and Rhene with Garrisons sent Constans his sonne whome of a Monke he had made a Caesar with a great Armie into Spayne where he tooke and afterward slew certayne noble personages aâ—lyed to Honorius and returning to his Father left Gerontius to gouerne Spayne Constantius himselfe then craued pardon of Honorius for vsurping the Empire saying that he did it by compulsion which when Honorius heard he so wel liked that he sent an Imperiall Roabe vnto him In these troubles Brytaine was greatly endangered by Pictes and Scottes and sued to Honorius for succoure but he sending them only Letters willed them to looke to their owne state Shortly after Constance that was Monke was slayne by Gerontius his owne Captayne at Vienna in France and Constantine himselfe being beséeged at Arles by Honorius Souldiers entred into holy orders and fled into the Church thinking thereby to saue himselfe but was drawen out from thence and slayne Gerontius who had trayterously killed his Maister was besette rounde aboute with Nicephorus Spanyards in his Lodging wherefore he first slew Allanus his tryed friend then Nunichia his wife and lastly himselfe and now Honorius recouered Brytaine In his time saith Beade Beade Rome was destroyed of the Gothes the 1164. yeare after it was buylded after which time the Romanes left to rule in Britaine after almost 470. yeares that Iulius Caesar first entered the sayd I le The Romanes dwelt within y e french which as we haue sayd Seuerus drew ouerthwart y e Iland at y e South part which thing may appeare by y e Cities Temples Bridges paued stréetes to this day remayning notwithstaÌ„ding they had in possession vnder their dominioÌ„ y â— farther parts of Britaine and also the Ilands which are about Brytaine By meanes as is afore sayd y e Romanes had vsed to traÌ„sport with them ouer into France the floure of al the youth of Brytaine to serue theÌ„ in their foraigne warres their men of warre were consumed was not now able to defende theÌ„selues against the inuasions of their enimies wherevpon many yeares togither they liued vnder the oppression of two most cruel Nations the Scottes Pictes which were of y e circuite of Britaine but deuided from the lande of Britaine by two armes of the Sea running betwixt them of the which one from the East Sea the other from the Weast runneth in farre and wide into the land though they may one reake to the other In the middle of the East créeke there is a Citie builded called Guidi Aboue the Weast créeke toward the right hand standeth a Citie called Alcluith which in their language is as Alcluith much to say as the Rocke Cluith for it standeth by a Floud of the fame name The Britaines then being thus afflicted by the said nations sent their Embassadors with Letters vnto Rome with lamentable supplications requiring of them ayd and succour promising them their continuall fealtie so that they would rescue theÌ„ against y e oppression of their enimies wherevpon there was sent vnto them a legioÌ„ of armed souldiers from Rome which comming into the Iland encountring with the enimies ouerthrew a great number of them draue the rest out of the frontiers of the countrey so setting them at liberty frée from the miserie with which they were before so gréeuously ouercharged counselled them to make a wall betwéene the two Seas which might be of force to kéep out their euill neyghbours and y t done they returned home with great triumph But the Britaines building y â— wall which they were bid to make not of stone as they were willed but of turffe as hauing none amoÌ„g theÌ„ that had skil therin made it so slender y â— it serued theÌ„ to little purpose This wall they made betwene y e two said armes or créekes of the Sea many miles long that where the fence of the water lacked there by the help of y e trench they might kéepe their country from y â— breaking in of their enimies of which péece of worke there remayneth euen vnto this day most assured tokens yet to be séene This trench beginneth about two miles froÌ„ the monastery of Abercuring in a place which in the Pictes language is called Penuahil and in English is called Panwell and running Penuahil out Westward is ended by the City of Alcluith But the former enimies wheÌ„ they had once perceiued y t the Romane Legion was returned home againe forthwith being set on land by boates inuaded the borders ouercame y e countrey as it were beate downe
all before thē whervpon Embassadors be sent again to Rome beséeching thē they would not suffer their miserable countrey to be vtterly destroyed Againe there is sent another legion which cōming vpon a suddaine made a great slaughter of y ◠enimies chased thē ouer into their own country Then y e Romanes told the Britaines y t it was not their ease to take any more such trauellous iourneys for their defence and therefore bade thē to practise their armoure themselues and learne to withstand their enimies They builded vp a Wall of hard stone from Sea to Sea right betwéene the two Cities whiche there were made to kéepe out the Enimie in the selfesame place where Seuerus before had cast his Trench with publike and priuate charges the Brytaines also putting too their helping handes they then builded it eyght foote broade and twelue foote high right as it were by a line from East to Weast as it doth to this day appeare which being perfected they giue the people straight warning to looke well to themselues they teach them to handle their weapen and instruct them in warlike feates Also by the Sea side Southward where their Shippes lay at harbor least their Enimies should land there aboutes they made vp Bulwarkes along one somewhat distant from another and this done bid them farewel Gildas Sapiens as minded no more to returne At this time almost all the treasure of Brytaine was hidde vnder ground or transported ouer into France As soone as they were gone the Scottes and Pictes hauing intelligence that they had made promise they woulde come no more they taking heart of grace returne agayne to their businesse and first all that was without the wall they tooke for their owne After that they giue assault vnto the wall where the Britaynes were with Graples pulled downe and otherwise so assaulted that they leauing both the Cities and the wall also were dispersed and put to flight the enimies following killed and slayed more cruelly than euer they did before wherevpon being driuen out of their owne houses and possessions they fall a robbing and spoyling one the other of them so farre foorth that all the whole Countrey was brought to that exigent that they had none other sustenance but that they gote by hunting and killing of wilde Beastes THeodosius the yonger sonne of Arcadius succéeded his 408 Uncle Honorius and appoynted Valentinianus his Cousin Emperour in the Weast partes At this time Timotheus héere in Brytaine vnder a pretence Sigebertus of Religion and great continencie drew many into a dangerous Heresie Chrisanthus the sonne of Byshop Martian a Consull of Socrates Lib. 7. Italy was made Uiceroy and Lord Deputie of Britayne he was afterward made Bishop of Constantinople Now the poore remnant of the Brytaines directed letters to Aetius whereof this was the beginning To Aetius thrice 446 Consull the mourning of the Brytaines In the processe of which Epistle they thus set foorth their pitifull estate The barbarous enimie driueth vs vpon the Sea the Sea agayne vpon the enimie betweene these twayne riseth two manner of deathes eyther we are killed or drowned And yet for all their suite they could obtayne no ayde of hym as he whiche had then both his hands full of businesse and battayle at home with Bleda and Attila Kings of the Hunnes The Pelagian Heresies being brought in by Agricola Pelagian Heresie the sonne of Seuerianus a Pelagian Bishop about this time did fore corrupt the faith of the Brytaines but the Brytaines béeing neither willing to receyue their lewde Doctrine as blasphenrous againste the grace of God neyther able to refute their wilie and wicked persuasions they deuised this wholsome counsell to séeke for ayde of the Bishops of France against these their spirituall enimies And they calling a common counsell consulted among themselues whome of them all it were best to send to help their neighbours fayth By the assent of them all there was chosen two woorthie Prelates Germanus Altisiodorensis and Lupus Bishop of the Citie Germanus and Lupus Trecassa whiche shoulde passe ouer into Britaine to confirme them in the Faith whiche with readie obedience accepting the commandement of the Sinode tooke shipping thitherward and had prosperous windes which set them ashore in place where they themselues desired Thither a great multitude of people being assembled receyued the Priestes of God and the word of God was preached by them not onely in their Churches but also in the open stréetes and in the Countrey in such sort that in all places both the sound and faithfull were confirmed and they that before swarued out of the right faith were amended The Authoures and head professors of this heretical error lay lurcking all this while and much spited to sée the people dayly to fall from them After long aduisement vsed they take vpon them to trie the matter by open disputation which being agréed vpon they come foorth richly appoynted gorgeously apparelled accompanyed with a number of flattering fauourers The people were present both to sée and iudge the matter The parties were farre vnlike of condition on the one side was the faith on the other mans presumption on the one side méekenesse on the other pride on the one side Pelagius on the other Christ First of all Germanus and Lupus gaue their aduersaries leaue to speake which vaynely occupyed both the tyme and eares of the people with naked words but after the reuerend Bishops poured out their words cōfirmed with scriptures out of the Gospels and Apostles Thus the vanitie of Heretikes was conuicted and falsehoode confuted so that at Pelagians Heresie confuted euery obiection they were forced to confesse their errour not being able to aunswere them but after their departure the Heresie began againe to reuiue Wherefore Germanus returned into Britaine with Seuerus banished the Heretiques with banishment and restored the faith The end of the Romaynes gouernement in Brytaine Brytaines and Saxons THe Brytaines continued in doubtfull Warre with the Scottes and Pictes sometime bearing away the victorie sometime leauing it to the enimie But considering the ambitious minds of men and fearing least some should vsurpe the Kingdome at home while they were deteyned with warres abroade thought good to appoynte ouer them some King and so with one consent they elected Vortiger VOrtiger raigned in Brytaines in whose time hunger more 447 Beade preuayling against the Brytaines droue many of them to yéeld themselues vnto the hands of their enimies Other there were which could neuer be brought therevnto but from the hils and brakes where they lurked many tymes inuaded their enimies as trusting so much the more in the help of God how muche the lesse hope they had of ayde of men and by such meanes first of all both resisted and ouerthrew them which many yeares togither had liued by the spoyle of the Countrey whereby for the time they drewe homeward with shame ynough contending not long after to
that is to say y e Fleete of Wepped where they slew xij Dukes or Captaynes of the Britaines with many other where as on the part of y â— Saxons there was one only man slaine whose name was Wepped The fourth battell was fought by Hengest Eske against the Britaines who obtaining the victory gote an innumerable spoile in whiche battell the Britaines fledde from the Angles VOrtiger obteined againe the Kingdome and shortly after 460 Hengest which was chased into the I le of Thanet entred the land with a number of Saxons but when he hearde of the great assembly the Britaines had made against him he treated W. Malme for peace which in fine was coÌ„cluded Shortly after Hengest by a guile which before he had deuised bid his son in law iij. C. of his Nobles vnto a feast or banquet where when he The Barons of the Britaine 's slaine at a banquet had ouerlaid his guests with ouermuch Wine he fel to quarelling with taunting talke pinched euery one of theÌ„ and straight fel to fighting wherthrough the Britaines were slaine euery one The King was taken prisoner and forced to giue The King taken prisoner for his ransome Kent Sussex Suffolke Northfolke This murther of the Britans was on y t plaine of Salesbury Then Hengest began his dominion ouer Kent Vortiger fled into Wales Hengest King of Kent builded there a Castel of which building loÌ„g let of y e same and of his Prophet Merlin Geffrey Monmouth and others speake many things Great coÌ„panies of y e SaxoÌ„s dayly flocked Beade into this Iland grew so strong y â— the people of y â— Countrey which sent for theÌ„ stoode in great feare of their puissance for those Saxons had taken league with the Picts began to turne their force vpoÌ„ the Britaines and to be short the fire once kindled A miserable state of the Britaynes in y t lands of the Paganes there tooke iust reuenge of y â— wickednes of the people raging first vpoÌ„ the Cities Countrey next adioyning after from the East sea to the Weast ouerwhelming all the whole Iland without resistance both publike priuate houses were ouerthrowne to y e grouÌ„d the Priests were slaine standing at the altare the Bishops with their flocke were murthered without respect of their dignity nor there was any that woulde bury the slaine some of the miserable leauings being takeÌ„ in the hilles were there killed other being sterued with hunger were faine to créepe out of their caues buy their victuall at their enimies haÌ„ds with sale of their libertie for euer if yet they were not killed out of hand other fled ouer the Seas with an heauie hearte other tarying stil in their couÌ„trey in feare of death lacke of foode liued ful miserably in y e Mountaines woods Cliffes Aurelius Ambrose and Vther bréethren of Constantine y t was before slaine in France landed with a Nauie of Ships at Totnes made war vpon Vortigerne and buried him in his Castell in Wales when he had secondly raigned vj. yeares AVrelius-Ambrose was ordeined king of Britaine in whose time the Britaines by little little began to take strength 466 Beade Wil. Malme and courage vnto theÌ„ comming out of their caues in whiche they lucked before and with one consent calling for heaueÌ„ly help that they might not for euer be vtterly destroyed they had then for their Captaine a Romane called Ambrosius Aurelius a gentle natured man which only of all the bloud of the Romanes remayned then aliue his parents being slayne whiche bare the name of King of the Countrey This man being their Captayne they assembled themselues togither and prouoking the victors to the fighte through Gods assistance atchieued the victorie and from that day forward now the men of the Countrey now the enimie had the victorie vntill the yeare that Bathe was beséeged where they gaue their enimies a greate ouerthrowe which was about the xliiij yeare of their comming into the land but of this we shall speake more héereafter This Ambrosius caused the Churches to be repaired Brute Booke whiche had bin spoyled by the Saxons He caused the greate Stonehenge besides Salesburie Gadeasins Tilberiensis stones to be sette on the playne of Salesburie whiche is called Stonehinge in remembrance of the Britaines that were slaine and buryed there in the time of Vortiger at the banquet and communication of Hengist with the Saxons A Saxon named Cella with his thrée sonnes and a company Kingdome of the South Saxons Agarâ—a Scot. Brute Booke of Saxons landed in the South part of Britaine A Saxon named Porth landed with his two sonnes Byda and Meagla at an Hauen in South-hamptonshire after whome the Hauen is named Portesmouth The third Kingdome of the East Saxons began in Britain Kingdome of the East Angles vnder Duke Vffa Aurelius Ambrosius being poysoned dyed when he had raigned 32. yeares and was buryed at Stonehinge called Chorea Gigantum VTher Pendragon so called for that he caused alwayes a 498 Gafrid Arbor Succes Dragon to be borne before him in his battels was crowned King of Britaine he vanquished Otta and Oza at Windgate by Coquet Riuer He was enamored vppon Igren the Dukes Wife of Cornewall and to obtayne his vnlawfull lust made warre vpoÌ„ hir husband Goilen and slew him in battell at Duvilioc On hir he begat Arthure He raigned eyghtéene yeare and was buryed at Stonhinge ARthure the sonne of Vther borne in Cornewall at the age 516 of fiftéene yeares was crowned King of Britaine as some say at Caerleon other at Winchester one old namelesse pamflet saith at Cilicester by Dubritius Archbishop of Legions Neneâ—iuâ— This Citie of Cilicester in British is called Caier segent and was scituate néere Reading It was so called for that Constantius the sonne of Constantine the great dyed Sea Crâ— there his Sepulture might once haue bin séene there besides the Citie as the Letters engranen on it in stone did declare He tooke to Wife Guinouer Cousin to Cador Duke of Cornewall and Daughter to the King of Biscay Of this King there be many fabulous reportes but certayne Wil. Malmesbery he was a Prince as Malmesberie saith more worthy to haue aduancement by true Histories than false Fables being the only proppe and vpholder of this his Countrey In the beginning of his raigne Lotho and Conradus his Aurea Histor allies enuying his prosperitie made Warre against him but he valiantlye vanquished them with their Pictes and Scottes at his pleasure and appoynted them a Gouernoure Sea Crâ— Neniâ—â— named Anguisell He fought twelue fieldes against the Saxons and alwayes bare away the victorie of whiche the last was fought at Bath where by his owne prowesse and manhoode he vanquished nine hundred Afterward he raysed the Malmesberie séege which the Saxons had planted about Lincolne and slewe them in great numbers Thus hauing abated the
compassion of thyne owne soule and spare the greate number of people that by thy Fatherlye example yet may beware to offende God for whose soules thou shalt giue an accompte Consider also that if the Englshe nation despising lawfull matrimonye doe encrease by aduoutrye as the Frenche men Italians and also the verye Pagans do caste in our téeth and vpbrayde vs withall of suche coniunctions and copulations shall spring vppe a peakishe dasterdely people which shall despise God wyth theyr wicked qualities vndoe the Countrey as it came to passe to the Burgundians the people of Prouance and the Spaniardes whom the Sarazens haue many yeares assaulted for theyr sinnes whiche in times past they had committed Besides this it is told vs that you take away priuileges of Churches and thereby giue euill example to your noble men to do the like but I praye you remember howe terrible vengeaunce God toke vppon the Kings your predecessours whiche committed suche offences as we rebuke you for A wicked spirit came vpon Colredus your predecessoure whiche was a defiler of Uirgins and a breaker of ecclesiasticall Priuileges for sitting royally among his barrons at a dinner the Diuell plucked away his soule without confession of his sinnes The Diuell also drewe in suche a rage Osredus king of the Northumbers whiche was guiltie of the same crimes that with a vile death he loste both kingdome and life in his lusty yong age Also Charles king of Fraunce whiche ouerthrewe Churches and altered the Churche money to hys owne vse was consumed with a long tormeÌ„t and fearefull death It followeth therefore my deare beloued sonne that with Fatherlye and earnest prayers we beséeche you that you will not despise the Counsel of your Fathers which diligently do admonishe your highnesse for nothing is more commodious to a good king than willinglye to amend such faultes when he is warned of them as SalomoÌ„ sayth who so loueth discipline loueth wisdome therfore my déere son declaring our aduice we beséech you by the liuing God by his sonne Jesus Christ our Lord and by hys holy spirit that you will remember how transitorie this present life is and howe shorte and momentane the pleasure of this filthie fleshe is and how vile and shamefull a thing it is that man shall leaue euill examples vnto his posteritie for euer beginne therefore to frame your life in better wayes and amend the errors of your youth that you may obtayne prayse with men in this life and eternall glorie in the life to come we wish your Highnesse well to fare and to encrease in all goodnesse Ethelbald was slayne at Secgeswald and was buryed at Hrependune BEraredus the murtherer of Ethelbald did nothing worthy 749 to be remembred but being straightway slayne by Offa had an end méete for a Traytour OFfa Nephew to Ethelbald succéeded he ioyned battayle 749 with Kineulfus King of the Weast Saxons and gote the victorie He sent for Ethelbert King of the East Angles promising great things by flatterie but when he had got him to his Palace he caused him to be beheaded and then vniustly inuaded the Kingdome of the East Angles He caused the reliques of S. Albon to be taken vp and Vita Alboni S Albons builded put in a Shrine aborned with golde and precious stones and builded there a princely Monasterie He founded the Abbey of Bathe He translated the Archbishops Sea to Lichfield He made a dike betwéene Wales and the Kingdome of Offa Dike the Mercies which ditch extendeth by South from the parts about Bristow ouer the Mountaynes of Wales and so North toward Flint and vnder a hill of coale euen to the mouth of Dee or the North Sea He raigned xxxix yeares and dyed at Oflay and was buryed in a Chappell which then stoode on Offlay the bancke of the Riuer Ouse without the Towne of Bedford EGbertus or Ecfride his sonne raigned one yeare Alquine Alquine writte to Osbert of the Mercians that the noble yong Ecfride dyed not so soone for his owne faultes but bycause his Father was a great sheader of bloud Plaeâ—â—â— Aâ—â—inus 789 Wâ—l Malme KEnulfus Nephew in the fifth degrée vnto Penda warreâ— on the Kentish Saxons punished their Country very sore and caryed away bound their King Egberthus but not long Winchelcomb founded after when he had builded a Church at Winchelcomb on the day of dedication therof he deliuered him declaring a worthy Bishops Sea aâ— Hereford founded example of clemencie He founded the Church of S. Ethelbert in Hereford and raigned xxiiij yeares KEnelmus sonne to Egbertus a child of seauen yeares was 813 innocently slayne by his Sister Quenda whereby he obtayned the name of a Martyre CEolwulfus brother to Kenulfus raigned one yeare and 820 was expulsed by Bernulfus BErnulfus in the third yeare of his raigne was ouercome 821 by Egbertus King of Weast Saxons at Elyndune LVcâ—â—us after he had raigned two yeares was oppressed 824 by the East Angles VVIthlasnus being at the first subdued by Egbirth raigned 826 xiij yeares paying to him and his son a tribute BErthulfus raigned xiij yeares in the same estate till at 839 W. Malme the last he was chased beyond the seas by the sea rouers of Denmarke BVrdredus paying the Tribute enioyed the same twenty 852 yeares and then he being deposed and driuen out of his CouÌ„trey fled to Rome and there was buryed at the English schole Then that kingdome was by the Danes deliuered to Geolwolfus and in few yeares after that Alfred y â— Nephew of Egbirth gate it So the kingdome of the Mercies fel away in the yeare of Christ 875. Northumbers THe sixt Kingdome was of the Northumbers whiche conteyned Lankishire Yorkeshire Cumberland Westmerland Northumberland It had on the Weast the Sea by South the Riuer of Humber and so downeward toward the Weast by the endes of the Shires of Nottingham and of Darby vnto the Riuer of Merce and hath the diocesse of Yorke Durham and Carelile At the beginning it was deuides into two Kingdomes Bernitia and Deira Bernitia stretched from Edenborough Frith to Tine and Deira from Tine to Humber but these two were shortly vnited When Hengest had established himselfe in Kent he sent W. Malme his brother Otha his sonne Ebusam to possesse the North partes of Britaine where many times they put the men of that prouince to flight and for the space of 99. yeares they and their successors ascribes to themselues the names of Dukes and bare themselues vnder the Kingdome of Kent but in the yeare of Christ 547. the yeare after Hengests death 60. that Dukedome was changed into a Kingdome IDa the ninth froÌ„ Beldegius and the tenth from Wodden 547 continued fourtéene yeares in the Kingdome of Deires Aeâ—la his successor of the same kinded but by another 559 line strongly aduanced his Kingdome thirtie yeares In his time children of Northumberland were caryed to be solde
North from Berwike cutte off hir nose and vpperlippe and perswaded all hir sisters to doe the like that they being odible to the Danes might the better kéepe their Uirginitie in despite wherof the Danes burned the Abbey the Nunnes therein AElfrede borne in Barkshire at a village called Wantinge 872 Marians Scotus Florentij Croniea cronicarum Asser Alfridus Beuerlacensâ—â— Speculum Hist VVilshire vvhy so named Ricardus Cirecestrensiâ— Hap of vvarre doubtful the fourth sonne of Athelwolfe receyued the gouernement of the whole realme and within one month after with a very small number fought a sharpe battayle againste the whole armie of the Pagans in a place called Wilion whiche lyeth on the Southside of the Riuer Wily of whiche riuer the whole shyre taketh hys name and after they had foughte a greate parte of the daye the Pagans fled but séeing the fewnesse of them that pursued they sette themselues in battayle againe and got the fielde The Weast Saxons made league with the Pagans vppon condition they shoulde departe out of theyr Countrey The next yeare they wintred at London and made league with the Mercies The nexte yeare they wintered at Lindesey which was in the Kingdome of Northumberlande The next yere at Ripindune they constrayned Burgoredus king of Mercies to flée beyond the Seas who went to Rome where he dyed and was buryed in the Schole of the Saxons Burgoredus death The Pagans subduing y e whole kingdome of the Mercies whiche they committed to Ceonulfus The next yeare one part of the Pagans wintered in Northumberlande neare to the riuer Tyne subdued the whole Countrey the other parte went with Guthram Oskecellus and Amandus thrée kings of the Pagans to Grantbridge and wintered there The yeare following the Pagans going from Cambridge in the night entred the Castel of Warham where there was a Monasterie of Nunnes scituate betwéene two riuers Fraw and Trent in the Country called in the Saxon Thornseta a most sure seat except in the West only where it ioyneth to the lande with whome king Aelfrede made a league that they shoulde departe his kingdome but contrarie to theyr othe they rode into Deuonshire to Exancester and there wintered Excesteâ— The next yeare 120. of the Pagans shippes were drowned at Sâ—anauing And kyng Aelfrede pursuing an armie that went by lande to Excester toke of them pledges and also an othe to depart with all spéede In the yeare following the Danes â—ame to Chipingham a manner of the kings scituate on the left side of Wiltshire and there wintred compelling many of the Weast Saxons to leaue their Countrey and to goe beyonde the seas the rest that remayned they subdued King Aelfrede himselfe was oft-times brought into such miserie y t none of his people knew where he was become On a time being forced to hide hymwith Asser Spe. Histo. Ri. Ciren a Cowhearde in Somersetshire as he satte by the fire preparing his bowes and shaftes the Cowherdes wife baking breade on the coales threw the kings bowes shaftes aside and said thou fellow why dost thou not turn the bread which thou séest burne thou art glad to eate it ere it be halfe baked This woman thought not that it had bin K. Aelfred who had made so many battels against the Danes and gotteÌ„ so manye victories For God did not onely vouchsafe to giue him victorie ouer his enemies but also to be wearied of theÌ„ in the sight of his owne people to the ende he should knowe there is one God of all to whom all knées shall bow and in whose hands the hearts of kings consisteth The brother Hinguar slayne in Deuonshire of Hinguar and of Healfden who had wintered in Mercia had made great slaughter of the Christians sayled with 23. shippes into Deuonshire where doing great mischief he the The Ensigne of the Danes vvas a Rauen. Alredus Riual most part of his people were slain the rest escaped by fléeing to theyr shippes In this battayle among many rich spoyles was taken a banner or ensigne called Reafan which among the Danes was had in greate estimation for that it was imbrodered by the thrée sisters of Hinguar and Hubba y e daughters of Lodbroke King Aelfrede made a Castel in Aethelingei Ethelyngey the noble Ilande Egbrights store from thence he went to Petram Egebrichti which is on the Eastside of the chace called Sal nudum in Latine Silua magna y â— great wood there met with him al the inhabitants of HaÌ„pshire whiche when they sawe the king reioyced as though he had bene risen from death to life The king with his army wente to Ethandune and fought against the Pagans where he made great slaughter and pursued the reste to their Castell who after xiiij dayes desired peace gaue pledges and toke othe to depart his realme and Gythram their King receiued baptisme harde by Ethelingsey in a place called Alre whome Aelfrede receyued to bée hys Gythram king of Danes christened Chichester God-sonne In the yeare 879. the Pagans went from Chipnan to Cirenceaster and there remayned one yeare after The same yeare a great armye of Pagans came from beyonde the Sea and Fulham wintered at Fullanham harde by the riuer of Thamis The nexte yeare the Pagans wente from Circestre to the Marianus Scotus East English deuiding that Countrey among them there inhabited The Pagans that wintered at Fullanham went into East Fraunce In the yeare 885. an armie of Pagans came into Kent and besieged the Cittie of Rhofeceaster which lyeth on the Easte Rochester besieged side of the riuer Medowege and before the gate of the same Citie they made a strong Castell but Aelfrede with a greate Midvvay Armie chased them to their ships The next yeare Aelfrede restored and honorably repayred Asserius Floriacens London builded made inhabitable the Cittie of London after it had bene amongst other Cities destroyed with fire and the people killed vp he made it habitable againe and committed it vnto the custodie of his sonne in lawe Adhered Earle of the Mercies Kentishemen South and West Saxons whiche before were in Captiuitie Marianus Scotus vnder the Pagans willingly came and submitted theÌ„selues In the yeare 890. Gythram the king of the Pagans whose name in his Baptisme was changed to Athelstane Hadley dyed he was buried in the kings towne called Headleaga among the East English In the yeare 892. the great armie of the Pagans came froÌ„ the East kingdome of Fraunce vnto Adbon and from thence with 250. shippes into Kent arriuing in the mouth of the Riuer Limene whiche riuer runneth from the great woodde whiche is called Andreads Weald from whose mouth foure Andreads vveald in Sussex and Hampshire myles into the same woodde they drewe theyr ships where they destroyed a Castel and fortified another more strong in a place called Apultrens now Apulder This wood was from the Easte to the Weaste 120. myles in length and more
in bréedth 30. myles The same yere Hastings came with 80. shippes into the Milton mouth of Thamis and made a strong town Middleton in the Beaufleet South side of y e Thamis and another on the Northside called Beaufleete The yeare following the Citie of Yorke was taken by the Normans but Seber the Bishoppe by Gods prouision escaped The same yeare also Aelfred fought against the Normans at Fernham where he slewe them wounded their King and Fernham chased the remnant through the Thamis into Eastsex wherby many of them were drowned Aelfrede hearing that a great number of the Pagans were arriued at Exanceastre he toke with him a greate army and by battayle ouercame and chased them away In the meane season Adhered Earle of the Mercies and Beaufleet taken from the PagaÌ„s the Citizens of London with other came to Beaufleete and besieged the Castell of the Pagans and brake into it where they tooke excéeding riche spoyles of golde siluer horsses and garmentes among whiche was taken the wife of Hastings and hys two sonnes whiche were broughte to London and presented to the King who commaunded them to be restored againe But Hastings came againe into Beaufleete and repayred to the Castell whiche they hadde broken downe From thence he wente to Sceabridge and there builded a Sudbury strong Castell there was ioyned vnto hym the armye that remayned at Apuldrane and other that came from the East Englishe and from the Northumbers who altogyther spoyled Apuldoâ— and robbed tyl they came to the bancke of Seuerne and there at Bultingatume they made a strong towne but by Adhered Earle of the Mercies and other they were besieged shortly through famine forced to come out where many on bothe Florenâ—â— Cronica cronicaruin Marianus Scotus sides were slaine but the Christians had the victorie In the yeare 895. the Pagans wintered in a little Ile called I le of Mersey Ley a riuer that then bare ships vnto VVare Asserius Merâ—ig in the East part of Essex scituate in the sea and the same yeare they sayled by the riuer of Thamis after by the riuer of Ligea and twentie myles from London began to build a Fortresse In the Sommer following the Londoners and other néere adioyning did séeke to destroy the fortresse of the Danes but they being put to flight king Aelfrede pitched â— fielde not farre from the Citie least the Pagans should take away the Haruest of the Countrey and viewing the riuer one daye perceyued that the Chanel mighte be in one place dammed vp that the Danes should not get out their shippes he forthwith commaunded on both sides the riuer a damme to be cast and deuided that riuer into thrée streames so that where shippes before had sayled now a small boate coulde scantly rowe which when the Pagans perceyued they leauing theyr wiues and ships flée a foote to Quatbridge there Novv called Catvvarebrig or Catvvaâ—d bridge building a Fortresse lodged there the Winter following whose shippes the Londoners bring some to London the other they brake downe and destroyed Anno. 897. the Pagans came from Quatbridge parte into East England part into Northumberland some got them ships and sayled into Fraunce After al these verations by the cruel Danes committed folowed farre greater the space of thrée yeres by death of cattaile and mortalitie of men XX. Danish ships were taken being Pirates and the Pyrates slaine or hauged on the gallowes This victorious Prince the studious prouider for Alfred deceased widâ—wes orphanes and poore people moste perfect in Sa 〈…〉 Poetrie moste liberall indued with Wisdome Prayse of King Alfrede fortitude iustice and temperaunce the most patient bearer of sicknesse wherewith he was dayly vexed a moste discrete searcher of trueth in executing iudgement a moste vigilant and deuout Prince in the seruice of God Alfrede the. xxix yeare and sixth month of his raigne departed this life the xxviij daye of October and is buried at Winchester in the new Monasterie of his foundation He founded a Monasterie of Monkes at Ethelingsey and another for Nunnes at Shaftsburie He ordayned the hundreds and tenthes whiche Wil. Malmâ— Floriacâ—ns Reg. Hig. Sea Cro. Regist Hyde T. Rudburnâ— Vniuersitie in Oxforde Marianus Scotus men call Centuaries and Cupings he sent for Grâ—â—balde to come into England that by his aduice he might erect y â— studie of good learning cleane decayed By the counsell of Neotus he ordayned common scholes of diuerse sciences in OxeÌ„forde and tourned the Saxon lawes into Englishe with diuerse other bookes He established good laws by the which he brought so gret Regist Hidâ— a quietnesse to the Countrey that men might haue hanged golden bracelets and Jewels where the wayes parted and no man durst touch them for feare of the law He caried euer y â— Psalter in his bosome y â— wheÌ„ he had any leysure he might read it ouer with diligence He deuided the xxiiij houres of the daye and nighte into Asserius thrée parts he spent viij hâ—ures in writing reading praying eight in prouision of his body viij in hearing and dispatching Marianus Scotus the matters of his subiects He deuided his yerely reuenues into two partes and the first he deuided into thrée one part he gaue to his seruaÌ„ts the second part to his workmen which were occupyed in building the third part to straÌ„gers The second part of y â— who le he deuided into iiij parts the first part wherof he gaue in almes to the poore the second to Monasteries by him founded the third to scholes which he had erected and gathered of many both noble mens other mens sons of his nation the fourth part he distributed to the next Monasteries in all the English Saxon. Alhfwido wife to king Alfrede founded the monasterie of Nuns in Winchester EDward surnamed Senior the son of Aelfred was annoynted 900 Speculum histo Ri. Câ—ren Adhelvvoldâ— reuolteth king shortly after Adhelwoldus cousin germaine vnto king Edwarde reuolted and wente to the armie of the Pagans who forthwith chose him to be their Kyng in Northumberlands Ioannes Leoafer in his thirde booke of the description â—â— Iohns Leoafer Africa writeth that about this time to say about the yere â—â— our Lorde 905. the Englishmen at the perswasion of the Gothes besieged the great Citie Argilla in Barbarie which the Affricanes call Arella being 70. myles distant froÌ„ the streight of Marrocho Southwarde hoping thereby to withdraw the Sarazens out of Europe where they fought with so great courage and good successe that they wanne the sayde towne and so ransacked it with fire and sworde that scant one escaped there and the towne laye desolate and without inhabitantâ— for the space of thirtie yeare We account thys to haue hapned in the foresayde yeare bycause the aucthour after the â—â—shion of the Sarazens doth referre it to the. 314. yeare of Mâ—homets Hegira which by coÌ„ference of theyr places
belonging An Earthquake in England Earthquake Henry Bloys Bishop of Winchester builded the Hospitall Liber canonitrinitatis of Saint Crosse neare vnto Winchester The same hadde béene a Hospitall in the Saxons time but after spoyled by the Danes There was greate darkenesse in England and the Sunne 1133 Anno reg 34. VVorcester brent became like the Moone in the thyrd quarter Worcester as it had oft before chaunced was sore defaced with fire Mawde the Empresse brought forth a sonne named Geffrey for which cause King Henrie went ouer into Normandie Robert Shorthose King Henries brother died in the Castel 1134 Anno reg 35 Robert Shortâ—ose died 1135 Anno reg 36 Death of King Henrie Mathew Paris of Cardife and was buried at Glocester King Henrie remayning in Normandie vpoÌ„ a day did eat Lampraies wherof he toke a surfeite and deceased the firste day of December Anno. 1135. when he had raigned 35. yeres 4. monthes his bowels braynes and eyes were buried at Roan the rest of his bodie was pondered with salt and wrapped in Bulles hydes bycause of the stincke which poysoned them that stood about him The Phisition which being hyred with a great reward to cleaue his heade to take out y e brain with the stinck therof died so that he enioyed not the reward that was couenaunted Thus among a gret many that king Henrie slew this Phisition was the last King Henrie was buried at Reding which he had foundeâ— He also founded the Priorie of Dunstable he conuerted a rich Colledge of Prebends in the Towne of Cirencester into an Abbay of Chanons regular he also builded â— Leyland there an Hospitall of Saint Iohn and newe builded the Castel of Windsor with a Colledge there ⸪ ¶ King Stephen STephen Earle of Morton Anno reg 1 W. Malme Floriacencis Gernasius Do. Ypodigma and of Boloigne sonne to the Earle of Bloys Adela William Conquerours daughter and nephew to king Henrie the firste claymed the kyngdome the seconde daye of December Anno. 1135. He comming into Englande was repulsed by them of Douer shutte out by them of Canturburie but receiued of y e Londoners and Péeres of the land admitted king and crowned at Westminster on Saint Stephens daye by William Archbishop of Canturburie This was a noble man and hardy of passing comely fauour and personage he excelled in martiall pollicie gentlenesse and liberalitie toward all men especially in the beginning and although he had continuall warre yet did he neuer burden his commons with exactions But vniustly and contrarye to his othe made to Mawde the Empresse daughter Fire at London to King Henrie he toke on him the crowne of England Fire which began in the house of one Ailward neare LoÌ„don Liber trinitatis London Thomas Wikes 1136 Excester besieged Ger. Dorobor stone consumed Eastward to Algate and Westwarde to Saint Erkenwalds shrine in Poules Church King Steuen assembling a great armye of Englishmen and Flemmings entred into Deuonshire and besieged the Castell of Excester a long time whiche Baldwine de Riuers helde against him but at length when they within the Castel wanted necessarie things to liue by they compounded Baldwine with hys wife and children are disherited and expulsed the lande A battayle was fought at Goher betwixte Normans and Walshmen where a hundred and. xvj persons on bothe sides Battaile against the vvalchmen were slaine whose bodies laye in the fieldes and were horribly torne and deuoured of Wolues After this was made greate eruptions by the Walchmen who destroyed Churches Townes Castels corne cattayle slewe men women and children riche and poore or solde theÌ„ in forraine countries In October a sore battayle was fought at Cardigan in the which such slaughter of men was made that the men except which were led awaye captiue there were of women taken and ledde away that there remayned to the tenth a thousaÌ„d their husbands with their small children partelye drowned partly brent partly slaine so that the bridge being broken ouer the riuer of Tinde there was a bridge made of mens bodies Anno reg 2. and horsses drowned In March King Steuen passed the Sea to subdue NormaÌ„die 1137 Ypodigma Rochester Richard Diuiensis where he toke many Cities and strong Castels The thirde of June Sainte Andrewe in Rochester was brent with all the Citie and the Bishoppes and Monkes houses The fourth of June Saint Peters the Archbishops sea in Saint Peters in Yorke Yorke Saint Maries without the wals and an Hospital whiche the Archbishoppe Thrustoâ— had builded with 39. other Churches also the Trinitie Church in the suburbes of the same Citie within a small time after were brent Also Saint Peters Church at Bathe and all the Citie the The Citie of Bath brent Liber Roff. Geruasius Dorâ— Floriacensis Anno. reg 3. 27. of June was brent And the same moneth the citie of Leogere was consumed with fire England began to fall into great troubles whych caused King Steuen to returne out of Normandy before he had finished his businesse there Kyng Stephen besieged Bedford and wonne it then he weÌ„t 1138 Bedford besieged Floriacencis Geruasius with a strong power into Northumberlande where he stayed not long but went to Glocester where the Citizens receyued him with greate reioycing Miles the Kings Conestable broughte him into the Kings Pallace there where all the Citizens were to him sworne From thence he wente to Hereford bicause that he heard the Castel was holdeÌ„ against him and on Whitsonday he sate crowned in the Churche of Hereford When they that kept the Castell sawe the Kyngs power to encrease they yéelded themselues The King tooke also the Castell of Webheleyge whych Geffrey Talbot hadde helde agaynste hym The same day that the Kyng departed Hereford brent out of Hereforde all beyond the Ryuer of Wye was brente by the saide Geffrey The King returned to Oxforde where he tooke Roger the Bishop of Sarum with the Byshop of Lincolne and his sonne Roger the Bishop of Eely escaping went to the Castell of Vies and kept it against the King but at lengthe it was deliuered The same time Robert Earle of Gloucester renounced his allegeaunce to King Stephen fortified Bristow and other Castells Also Miles the Kings Conestable reuolted Wherfore Bristovv besieged the Kyng besieged the Castell of Bristow but at length being wearyed he tourned to other of the Earles Castels and séeing hys enimyes still encreasing he called out of Flaunders Anno reg 4. Ypodigma men of warre wyth Wylliam de Ypers their leader whose counsell he chiefly followed The same yeare Roger Byshop of Salisbury a great builder Geruasius Doâ—o of Castelles and Houses departed this life There was founde in hys Coffers fortie thousande Markes of siluer besides much golde and dyuers Jewels that came to the kings hande so that he hadde gathered treasure but wist not for whom The Nobles sent for Mawd the Empresse promising hir
next morning by meanes of the Bishop of Worcester and Reignald Abbot of Glocester a truce was taken betwixt the Barons in the town and the Kings sonne in the Castell but shortly after the Barons fled and the Burgesses submitting themselues were some of them hanged the residue cast in prison grieuously raunsomed and the towne destroyed from whence the Kings sonne departed spoyling and wasting the Country contrarie to his othe made to the Barons till he came to Oxforde where he lodged in the house of the Frier Prēchers and ioyned his power with the King his Father who was lately come thyther to make his offering to Saint Friswide not fearing the superstitious opinion y t if any King entred y e town the Uirgin there would be auenged on him The Kyng hauing now with him his brother Richard king of Almaine his sonne Edward William de Valence his brother on the mothers sidē and Iohn Cumyn of Scotland with a multitude of Scottishmen Iohn de Bailliol Lord of Galoway Robert le Bruse lord of Anandale Roger de Clifford Phillip de Marmiō Iohn de Vallibus Roger de Laborne Henrie Percy Phillip Basset Roger de Mortimer with an army went and besieged Northampton Nothamton besieged and the fourth of Aprill breaking the Wall toke y e towne and in it fiftéene Knightes bearing Banners Simon Mountfort the yonger William de Ferrers Peter de Mountfort Baldwine Wake Adam de Newmarche Roger Bartrandi Simon Fitz Simon Berengario de Wateruile Hughe Cubion Thomas Maunsell Roger Bonteuileyne Nicholas Wake Robert de Newenton Phillip de Derby Grimbald de Paunsevent of whom Simon the yonger was sent to Winchester the residue to other places to be safely kepte Other Knightes of meaner degrée were taken to the number of xl and not a fewe Esquires from thence the king wente towardes Notingham wasting with fire and sworde the maner places of the Barons and there he gathered his Lordes and great men Earle Simon went to London and from thence to Rochester Rochester besieged whiche Iohn Earle Warren defended the bridge and first gate wherof when he had wonne being informed that the king was comming towards London he lefte the siege went backe to méete hym but the king turning his waye from London toke the Castel of Kenington Kingston which was Castel at Kingstone taken the Erle of Glocesters then going to Rochester chased away some that remayned at the siege but slewe many moe from thence he went to Tonbridge the Castel whereof he toke and the Counties of Glocester within it leauing a garrison there Castel of Tonbridge taken he went to Winchester where he receiued thē of the v. Portes to his peace passing further to Lewes was receiued into y e Priory his son into the Castel wher whiles he remained the Barons writ to him letters as ye may read in Mathew Paris Nicholas Triuet but they taking no effect y e Barons in armes approched towards Lewes inuading y e kings people Battel at Levves y ◠wer gone forth for forrage wherof the king being warned he goeth forth to méete thē with his army deuided into thrée sorts The first was led by Edward the kings son hauing with him William de Valence Erle of Penbroke Iohn de Waren Earle of Surrey and Sussex The seconde was guided by Richard K. of Almain w t his son Henrie The third the K. himself had in gouerning The Barons army was deuided into four wardes The first led Henrie de Mountfort w t the Erle of Hereford The seconde led Gilbert de Clare wyth Iohn Fitz Iohn Williā de Moūtchance The third in which the Londoners were Nicholas Segraue The fourth Erle Simō himself led with Thomas de Pelueston Edwarde the Kings sonne with hys battayle brake on his enimies that he made them to giue backe of whom many were drowned The Londoners were put to flyghte whom whilest the kings sonne pursued for the space of foure miles he made great slaughter but being separate frō the rest of the army he weakened his part sore In the meane time manye of the Kings battayle were slaine and the King of Almaine taken in a Windmil by Syr The King of Almaine taken Iohn de Beuis so was Robert le Bruis and Iohn Commyne which had brought the Scottes King Henrie also hauing hys horsse slaine vnder him yéelded to the Earle of Gloucester King Henrie taken who sent him prisoner to the Priory Edward returning is receyued with sharpe battayle and the Earle Waren William de Valence Grey de Lesmute the Kings halfe brethren Hugh Bigod with mē of armes to the nūber of 400. Haberions gotte then the Castel of Pemsey and when many were slayne on eyther side the Lorde Edwarde ryding aboute the towne sound his father in the Priorie In the meane time an assault being giuen to the Castle which was valiauntly defended the Barons withdrew thē wherevpon the Lord Edward being greatly incouraged and hauing gathered his people about him woulde haue made a new battayle so that the Barons sued for peace whiche by y e meanes of the Friers Preachers and Minors was brought to passe that on the Friday following the Lords Edwarde Henrie for theyr Fathers of England and Almayne kings deliuered themselues to Earle Simon vpon hope of quietnesse Edvvard the Kings son taken and peace that might be concluded On the Saterdaye the king licenced them that were aboute him to depart to theyr houses writ vnto thē that were in Tonbridge Castel that they shoulde not molest the Barons as they returned homewardes but they notwithstanding being in armes when they heard that the Londoners which were fled from the battaile were receiued into Croydon they hasted 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 the kings sonne was deliuered There was slain in the battayle at Lewes which was fought on the xij of May aboute Robert of Glocest VVestchepe in London brent 4500. men About that time a gret part of Westcheape in London was brent by treason Erle Simon led the K. his son Edward about with him W. Pakenton Chro. Glaston till he had gotte all the strong Castels of the lande into hys hands and then put Richard King of Almaine in y e tower of London and Edwarde the Kings sonne in Douer Castle In the mean time Roger Mortimer Iames Audeley Roger Leyborne Roger Clifforde Haymo Lestrange Hugh de Turberuile with many other rose against Simō who to restrayne theyr boldnesse associating to him the Prince of Wales entred the Castell of Hereforde and caused Edward the Kings sonne to be brought thyther from Douer after thys he wanne the Castell of Hey whiche belonged to the Earle of Hereforde and toke the Castel of Ludlow and after wastyng y e Castel of Ludlovv taken landes of Roger Mortimer goeth towardes Mountgomerie there taking pledges of peace of y e sayd nobles he turneth to the south parts to méete thē power which was sayd to come
of the Citie of London Gilbert Earle of Glocester dyed leauing issue thrée 1294 daughters and one sonne within age begotten of Iane his wife Robert Rokesley the yong corder Martin Ambresbery Sherifes Custos Ralph Sandwich the 28. of Sep. The thirtenth of October being Sonday all the Cleargie of England granted a Subsedie of the one halfe of their fruites and reuenues for one yeare to the King In the quindene of S. Martin the Justices Itinerants sate Anno reg 23 W. Packington without London in the Bishop of Couentries house at y â— stone Crosse Roger Pine esden Captain to the WelchmeÌ„ spâ—â—led burned the Marches Great Snowes winds did great harme in England The water of Thamis ouerflowed the 1295 bankes a great breach at Rotherheath besides London and y e low grounde about Bermondsey and Tothill was ouerflowed Henry Box Richard Glocester the 28. of September Sherifes Custos Anno reg 24 Castel of Bevv marish Iohn Rouse Ghro Dun. Sir Ralph Sandwich The King passing y â— water of Conoway and so forth into Wales with an army against the Welchmen builded the Castell of Beawmarish in the Isle of Anglesey The Welchmen were coÌ„sumed by famine their woods were felled and many Castels fortified their Captayne was taken brought to London and so for that time the warres seased The Frenchmen arriued at Douer spoyled the Towne 1296 Douer spoyled and brente a great parte thereof amongst other they slewe Thomas of Douer a Monke of great holynesse The King caused all the Monasteries in England to bée Wil. Paken Monasteries searched W. Sheepeshed searched and the money in them to be broughte vp to London He also seised into his hands all their lay fées bycause they refused to pay to him suche a Taxe as he demanded Moreouer he caused the wooll and leather to be stayed in England and there followed great dearth of corne and wine There rose a greate discorde at Oxforde betwéene the Discord betvvixte the Clearkes and Tovvnesmen of Oxforde Clearkes and Lay men and all bycause of two varlets of diuers Countreys which fell out about a small matter for vpon that occasion some tooke one part and some another and so all were deuided into partes in somuch that learned and lewde by flockmeale ranne to the fight and when the Schollers or Clearkes were gone out of their Hostles the Laitie perceyuing either none or else very fewe to be remaining at home entred the Clearkes lodgings and caryed away a great deale many kinds of stuffe to the great vnrecouerable damage of the Schollers In this skirmish was slayne Sir Fulke of Neyrmouth parson of Pichelesthorne and many other on eyther side The King hearing thereof sente Justiciaries to restore the peace and to condemne the murtherers which wheÌ„ they came forced the Townesmen to pay the Scholers two hundreth poundes for domages done to them Iohn of Dunstable Adam de Halingbery the 28. of Sep. Sherifes Custos Anno reg 25. Sir Iohn Breton Was made Custos of London by the King Ralph Sandwich being remoued and the morrow after Saint Barnabes day all the Liberties were restored to the Citie of London the Mairaltie excepted Iohn Baliol King of Scottes contrary to his alegiance rebelled Wil. Packington Tho. Walsing wherefore King Edward hasted him thither and wonne the Castels of Berwike and Dunbarre he slewe of the Scottes fiue and twenty thousand he conquered Edenborough 1297 King Edvvarde vvon Bervvike Regalles of Scotland where he found the regall ensignes of Scotland as Crowne Scepter and cloth of estate c. In his returne he called a Parliament at Berwike where he receiued the fealties of all the great men of Scotland and their homages Thomas of Suffolke Adam of Fulham the 28. of Septe Sherifes Custos Anno reg 26. Sir Iohn Breton King Edwarde offered to Saint Edwarde at Westminster the Chayre Scepter and Crowne of Golde of the Scottish King The King encreased the tribute of the woolles talking for euery Sacke fortie Shillings where before that time they payde but halfe a marke The Scottes by the instigation of William Walleis rebelled and put the Englishmen to much trouble and losse of many men King Edward sayled into Flanders to rescue Guy their Earle which was gréeuously ouerset by the French King so 1298 that he had wonne muche of his landes but shortly after a peace was concluded for two yeares The Eschequer and the Kings Bench was remoued froÌ„ London to Yorke King Edward wanne the battell of Fankirke in Scotland vpon Saint Mary Magdalens day in whiche battell was Nicholas Triuet Tho. Walsing Scala Croni Battell at Faulkirke in Scotland slayne more than twentie thousand Scottes and William Walleis their Captayne fledde Anthony Beke Bishop of Duresme had at this battell such a retinue that in his company were two and thirtie Banners At this time the Towne of Saint Andrewes was destroyed no man there resisting The Citizens of London hearing of the great victorie Chro. Dun. obteyned by the King of Englande against the Scottes made great and solemne triumph in their Citie euery one according to their craft especially the Fishmongers which with solemne Procession passed through the Citie hauing amongst other Pageants and shewes foure Sturgeons gilded caryed on foure Horses then foure Samons of Siluer on foure Horsses and after sixe and fortie Knightes armed riding on Horsses made like Luces of the Sea and then Saint Magnus with a thousand HorsemeÌ„ this they did on Saint Magnus day in honor of the Kings great victorie and safe returne This yeare the King payde to the Marchants of Gascoigne 150000. pounds sterling for his brothers expences there Richard Reffeham Thomas Sely the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Chro. Dun. Anno reg 27 Henry Waleis the 28. of October King Edward helde a great Parliament or counsell at Stepenheath by London in the house of Henry Waleis Maior of London Certayne persons of the Citie of London brake vp the Tonne in Cornehill and tooke out certayne prisoners for the whiche nine of them were punished by long emprisonment and great fines It cost the Citizens more than 1299 20000. markes to purchase the Kings fauoure and confirmation of their liberties The xxix of March a vehement fire being kindled in the lesser hall of the Pallace at Westminster the flame thereof VVestminster and the Kings Pallace consumed vvith fire Radul Baldoke Saint Martins in the Vintrie nevv builded being driuen with winde fired the Monasterie adioyning which with the Pallace were both consumed Saint Martins Church in the Uintrie at London was new builded by the executors of Mathew Columbers The king went to Yorke and so into Scotland with a great power A certayne rich Citizen of London deceasing a great nuÌ„ber Io. Euersden of poore people were assembled to receiue his charitable doale amongst whome suddaynely rushed in the sonnes of 150. Beggars murthered at
and therefore shalt thon dye for he vnderstoode not his spéech neyther had he anye skill to take gentlemen prisoners to kéepe them for their raunsome wherfore the residue of those Gennowayes after they had set the towne a fire and brent it vp quite fledde to their Galleyes and in theyr fléeing certaine of them were drowned After this the inhabitantes of the towne compassed it about with a strong and great Wal. The King still mayntayning his warres in Fraunce on the euen of the Annuntiation of our Lady â—j galleyes approching to the towne of Harwich they cast fire therein the force whereof by a contrarie winde was stayd so that no gret harme was done thereby Furthermore in the same yeare about the feaste of Pentecost certaine Pirates of Normandie and Genoâ— shipped in Gallenes and Pinaces made a shew on the sea about Southampton as they woulde haue come alande and threatned sore to spoyle the towne againe but perceyuing the townesmen ready to resist them they returned to the I le of Wight but entred not being put backe by the inhabitauntes wherevppon they sayled about the sea coastes séeking to lande in places lesse defended and after came to Hastings where they brente fishers cotages with theyr boates and slewe many men Also they made greate shewes many times against the I le of Thanet Douer and Fulkestone but in those places they did little harme excepte to poore fishermen thence they sayled about to the hauens of Cornewall and Deuonshire doing in all places much harme to the fisher men and suche shippes as they founde vnmaÌ„ned they fiered At length they entred Plimouth Hauen where they brent certain great shippes and a great parte of the towne these were met by Hugh Curtney Earle of Dâ—â—onshire a knight of foure scoure yeares olde being accompanyed with manye souldiours of his Countrey who hauing lost at the firste fronte a fewe of his men whiche were slaine by the quarrels of the French ioyned to fighte wyth them hande to hande and slaying many of the Pyrates vpon drye lande chased the residue which fled to take their Galleys and being not able to come nigh them by wading they â—â—ere drowned in the â—ea to the nuÌ„ber of fiue hundred Newâ—s being brought to the King lying in Brabant that diuers Parts of Englande were spoyled with the Pirates hée declared to his friends to wit the Marques of Iultâ—cence and a cerâ—â—â—â—e Cardinall what great causes he had to reuenge himself vpon them and in the end was aunswered by the Cardinal as followeth The kingdome of Frâ—â—â—â— sayde he is compassed about with â— thrâ—ed of â—â—lke whiche can not be broken by all the strength of the kingdome of Englande wherefore my Lorde king you must stay for the comming of the Dutchmen and other your friendes and confederates the greater part wherof you now â—aâ—lâ—â— The King raking great disdaine hereat staying nothing at alâ— said that he woulde ride into the land of Fraunce with Banner displayed and y â— ther he wold lâ—ke for that mightie power of the French men and that hée woulde eyther winne the same against any man that should with 〈…〉 〈…〉 or else â—â—nestly dye in the fielde 〈…〉 Poâ—â—â—â—et Hugh Mâ—betel the 28. of Septem Sherifes Maior Hence Darâ—â— the â—8 of October King Edward wintereâ— at Antwerp where Quéene Philip was deliuered of hir thirde son Lionel after Erle of Vlâ—â—er The king toke vppon him to be lieuetenauute of the King Edvvarde made vicegereÌ„â— of the Empire Empire from the Dâ—â—â— of Bauare who helde himselfe as Emperour A sodaine inundation of Water at Newcastle vpon Tine Richard South Nevvcastel drovvned 1339 bare downe a péece of the Towne Wall a sixe pearches in length neare to a place called Walkenew where â—20 men women were drowned In the Uâ—gâ—â—â—â— Saint Matthy king Edwarde beganne to ryde with Banner displayed and twelue thousand men of armes against the Frenche King burnyng Townes and Castels wheresoeuer he came In the first night being verye darke Geffrey Lord Scrope one of the Kings Justices led one of the Cardinals to wit Bertrand de Mount Faâ—â—ntyne of the title of our Ladie vp into an high Tower shewing hym the whole lande about towarde Fraunce for the compasse of fiftéene leagues to be in euery place on â—re saying these wordes sir doth not this siâ—â—en threed wherwith Fraunce is compassed seme to you to be broken the Cardinall aunswering nothing fel downe as deade for sorowe and feare In thys sort king Edward made â—ourneyes into France dayly continuing the space of fiue wéekes and caused â—yâ— armye to trauell in such sort that they destroyed the whole Countrey of Cambray Tourney Vermodeâ— and Landenewe excepting those Cities which wer sword to him w t churches and Castels The inhabitauntes of the Countrey fledde neyther was there anye man that durst resist his enterpryses althoughe the Frenche King had gathered greate armies within the Walled Cities himself lying in the stroÌ„g Towne of Saint Quintines what time the Brabanders had determined to returne home againe and were entred into theyr iourney being forced there vnto partlye by wante of victuals and partlye by the coldnesse of Winter whyche grew on fast The French king vnderstanding thereof beganne to moue himselfe with hys armye towarde the campe of the king of England who gladly loking for his comming called back again the Brabanders hauing receyued letters froÌ„ the Frenche King that he woulde ioyne battayle against hym he sent him worde back againe that he woulde stay for him thrée dayes wherefore on the fourth daye the Kyng loking for the Frenche Kings comming whiche woulde come no nearer them than two miles off breaking bridges and felling of trées that the King of Englande mighte not followe hym he fled to Paris wherevpon king Edwarde returned by Hanonia in Brabrant where he continued almost the whole Winter William Thorney Roger Frosham the. 28. of Septeâ— Sherifes Maior Andrewe Awbery Grocer the. 28. of October In this Winter time king Edwarde grewe into greate friendshippe with the Flemmings who prepared themselues at all times to shewe their selues as good subiectes vnto him swearing to doe homage and fealtie vppon condition that he would call himselfe King of Fraunce and in token thereof would from thence forth giue armes with Flouredeluces for otherwise they durste not obey him for feare of the Popes curse which was to be layde vppon them if at any time they rebelled against the King of Fraunce Wherefore by the coâ—â—â—â—ll of his friends the Flemmings and consent of his noble men he agréed there vnto and tooke vppon him both the name and armes of the King of France He also toke Flaunders vnder his gouernement the people wherof long after in all matters were to him obedient as vnto the King of Fraunce Conquerer As touching the title and and armes aforesayde the Frenche king sayde to certayne Englishmen sent vnto him our cousin quoth he doth wrongfully beare quartered armes of England
with more than fiue hundered men of armes amongst whom was the Earle of Ro. Auesbery Anno reg 19. Penbroke and Walter de Many with manye Archers into Gascoigne with Ralph Baron of Stafforde Seneshal of Gascoigne who being come thyther the sayde Earle made fiftie Knightes of his armye and after wanne manye walled Townes and Castelles making many worthy skirmishes and at length won the towne of Daguâ—lown by assaulte to the kéeping wherof they appointed Ralph Stafford afterward they appointed thrée iourneys toward other townes as especially to Brigerecke so called for the strength thereof and also called the Chamber of Fraunce and also to y e town of Saint Iohn de Laruel and to many other greate and strong townes well fortified which with great toyles and diuerse daungerous assaultes they wan where the Earle of Darbie and his souldiours vndermining the Towers and Wals of the sayde towne were very sore assaulted by them whiche defended Thus he Conquered Cities Townes Castelles and Fortresses to the number of one hundred and fiftie bringing a greate parte of Gascoigne vnder subiection euen to Tolouse vnto the whiche Citie he did no domage neyther to the inhabitantes therof but that he made them wonderfully afrayde as certaine of them tolde me sayeth my aucthour their fear was such that the religious people were constrayned to beare armour and the Prior of the Carmelite Tho. de la More Friers of our Lady of Tolouse hauyng a Banner of our Ladye in Golde set in a fielde of siluer displayed the same prouoking thereby many to take armour About the second sonday in Lent the Earles being fully fraught with bootie prisoners gold and siluer they returned towardes Burdeaux where Iohn de Valoys eldest sonne to the French king being accompanyed with a great number of hyred Dutche souldiours besieged the Towne of Agnlowne and the Captaines thereof the Earle of Stafforde and other so entrenched the same Towne that without greate daunger the Englishmen coulde haue no accesse vnto them but the Earle of Darby bet awaye them that besieged the Citie and eâ—t soones new victualled the same notwithstanding they were not able to raise the siege bycause they hadde so entrenched themselues without the towne who refusing to fight in the fielde would aunswere that they came not to pitch a fielde but to besiege a Town wherefore they continued the same siege vntil the decollation of Saint Iohn but vnderstanding then that the King of England chaced his Father Phillip very sore at Grecie and fearing that he shoulde come verye late to the ayde of hys Father he gaue vppe the siege setting all his tentes on fire and fled in the darke but the Earle of Stafforde wyth hys power pursued them cut off theyr tayle tooke a greate manye of theyr horsses and prisoners and retourned After this certaine bowmen are mustered in England appointed to be sente ouer sea who commyng ouer are layde in garrison fordefence of the Countrey Also twenty thousande sackes of Wooll are graunted to the king Moreouer Geffrey de Harecourte a Norman came to the King requiring ayd against the French king who wrongfully withhelde hys landes from him at his first comming he did fealtie and sware homage to king Edward but afterward he reuolted Thomas of Hatfielde the Kings Secretary by meanes of Tho. Walsing the Kyngs letters to the Pope was admitted Byshoppe of Durham and when certaine of the Cardinalles sayde that the sayd Thomas was a light person and a lay man the Pope answered truly if the king of England at this time Ansvvere of the Pope had made his request for an Asse he should haue obteined it The same yeare dyed Adam Tarleton Bishop of Winchester that had bin long time blind after whome succéeded William Edendon Treasourer of England This man founded the Monasterie of Edendon the religious Liber Edendon bréethren whereof were called Bonhomes The same yeare dyed Henry Earle of Lancaster father to Henry Earle of Darby and was buryed at Leycester in the Monasterie of Channons the King and both the olde and yong Quéenes being present with Archbishops Bishops Earles and Barons in manner of all the lande whose sonne was then in Gascoigne doing chiualrous actes This yeare the Scottes to the number of thirtie thousande William Dowglas being their leader entred into Westmerland and brent Carelile Penreth with many other Townes wherefore the Bishop of Carelile with Thomas Lucy Robert Ogle and a great number compassed them in the night season and with lightes and noyse so disquieted them that they neuer durst go out for victuals nor giue their bodyes to sléepe but at the last Alexander Stragan stoutely prepared to go out for victualles whome the Bishop Scots ouercome and Robert Ogle mette and with a speare thrust him through the body so that the Scottes were soone after ouercome and slayne Edmond Hemenhall Iohn of Glocester the 28. of Sept. Sherifes Maior Richard Laget the 28 of October This yeare was the first coÌ„gregating and first Custos or gardian of the fraternitie of the Grocers in the Citie of London elected The Earle of Northampton and the other Lordes in Briteine Anno reg 20 committed certayne Castels wonne by them in Briteine to the safekéeping of faithfull Captaynes and Souldioures and then returned into England King Edward prepared to make a voyage into Normandy 1346 his Nauie being readie to transport him from Portesmonth King Edvvard sayled into Normandy and Porchester with the Earles of Northampton Arundell Warwike Harecourt Huntingdon Oxenforde and Suffolke the Bishop of Durham and Mayster William Killesby Clerke euery one of these leading a great armie of Souldioures well appoynted were embarqued and wayted for the winde from the first of June to the fifth of July and then Tho. de la More Tho. Walsing Ro. de Aâ—esbury hauing a good winde they beganne to make Sayle with the number of one thousande Shippes of burthen and Pinaces and on the thirtéenth day of July they landed at Hogges in Normandy where on the shore of the Sea King Edwarde made his eldest sonne Knighte and also Prince of Wales and immediately the Prince made Knightes Mortimere Montacute Rose and other That night the King lodged in the Towne of Hogges and the next day the Towne was brent by the Armie Hogges in Normandy brent The night following King Edward lodged in Mercels where he stayde fiue dayes during whiche time all the Countrey with the Towne of Barbefleete was by his men consumed with fire From thence they departed to Veloygus which they set a fire then they went to Senet combe de Mount whiche is nigh the Sea and to Garantam thence to Serius and to Saint Lewes passing along vnto the Towne of Turney wasting all with fire and that night the Kyng lodged at Carmalin then to Gerin being a Religious house belonging vnto Cane leauing nothing behinde them vnspoyled Afterward they made an assaulte and entred the Citie Cane
fact he was drawne hanged and quartered To this Counsell came two Earles and two Clearkes sente from the Princes electours signifying that their election was made to the King for the dignitie of the Kingdome of Almayne These messengers the Kyng receyued King Edvvard elected King of Almayne with due honour but aunswered them that hée woulde not take so great honour vppon hys shoulders vntill hée had the Crowne of France due vnto him in peaceable possession A little after Easter there were great Justings holden Iusting at Lincolne at Lincolne by the Duke of Lancaster where were presente many Ladyes with the Countesse and also certayne messengers sente from the King of Spayne for the Lady Ioane daughter to the King that should be maryed to their Mayster the Kings sonne whome hir husbande méeting she dyed of the great Pestilence so that he followed hir to the graue The same yeare King Edward with his eldest sonne the Earle of Warwike and the Bishop of Winchester went to Caleis from whence the King sente the Duke of Lancaster to Denemere to receyue in his behalfe fealtie and homage of the Earle of Flanders â—hich thing was by the sayd Earle perfourmed Henry Picard Simon Dolseby the 23. of September Sherifes Maior Tho. de la More Great PestileÌ„ce Tho. Waâ—sing Iohn Loueken Fishmonger the 28. of October There beganne amongst the East Indians and Tartarians a certayne Pestilence which at length waxed so generall infecting the middle region of the ayre so greatly that it destroyed the Sarasins Turkes Sirians Palestinians and the Gretians with a wonderfull or rather incredible death in so much that those peoples béeing excéedingly dismayde with the terrour thereof consulted amongst themselues and thought it good to receyue the Christian Faith and Sacramentes for they had intelligence that the Christians whiche dwelte on this side the Gréekish Sea were not so greatly more than common custome was troubled wyth sicknesse and mortalitie At length this terrible slaughter passed ouer into those Countreys which are on this side the Alpes and from thence to the partes of France which are called Hesperia and so by order along into Germany and Dutchland And the seauenth yeare after it beganne it came into England and first beganne in the Townes and Ports ioyning on the Sea coastes in Dorsetshire where euen as in other Countreys it made the Countrey quite voyde of inhabitantes so that there were almost none left aliue From thence it passed into Deuonshire and Somersetshire euen vnto Bristowe and raged in suche sort that the Glocestershiremen woulde not suffer the Bristowmen to haue anye accesse vnto them or into their Countrey by anye meanes but at length it came to Gloceâ—â—or yea and to Oxforde and London and finally it spread ouer all England and so wasted and spoyled the people that scarce the tenth person of all sortes was lefte aliue when Church yardes were not sufficiente and large ynough to burie theyr dead in they chose certayne Fields appoynted for that purpose Gualter Mayny Lord of Mayny borne in Cambray who serued in company of Henry Duke of Lancaster in his great Records of the Garter actes of Gaseoyne and Gâ—ien after this time made Knight of the Garter in England hauing a respect to the danger that might fall in time of this Pestilence then begonne in England if the Churches and Church-yardes in London might not suffise to bury the multitude he purchased a péece of ground called Spittle Croft for that it belonged to the Mayster and bréethren of Saint Barthelmewes Spittle conteyning Register of the Charterhouse Ex Carta thirtéene acres and a rodde without the barres of Weast Smithfield and caused the same to be enclosed and dedicated by Ralph Bishop of London in the which place in the yeare Charterhouse Church-yard by London following was buryed more than fiftie thousand persons as is affirmed by the Kings Charters which I haue séene and also by an inscription fixed on a stone crosse in the same place And in memorie thereof the same Gualter Mayny caused vpon the same grounde a Chappell to be builded Anno reg 23. and after founded the same to be an house of Charterhouse Roâ—de Auesburie Charterhouse at London founded Monkes Also about the same time one Iohn Cory procured of Nicholas Prior of the Church of the Holy Trinitie néere vnto Alâ—gate one tost of ground néere vnto East Smithfield for the buriall of them that dyed that it mought be called the Church yard of the Holy Trinitie which ground he caused to be enclosed and dedicated by Nicholas Northbroke Bishop of London in the which place King Edward the third by consent of the sayd Prior and Couent founded the Abbey Nevv Abbey by the Tovver of London founded Liber trinita Lond. Lib. Eastminster of Saint Mary of Grace in the yeare 1359. placing therein an Abbot and Monke of the order of Cisteaux whiche were white Monkes and named the place Eastminster All sutes and pleading in the Kings Bench and other places for a season ceassed Uery fewe noble men dyed among whome departed Iohn Mountgomery and his Lady the Lord Clisteles Captayne 1349 of Caleis dyed at Caleis and was buryed in the white Friers at London Of the common people togither with Religious and Clearkes there dyed an innumerable sorte for no man but God onely knewe how many There dyed from the first of January to the first of July in the Citie of Norwich 57374. persons besides Ecclesiasticall Mendicants Norvvich Regist of Norwich Anâ—â— ecclesi â—â—â— Yermouth and Dominikes There was buryed in the Church and Church-yard of Yermouth in one yeare 7052. men and women before which time the Personage there was worth 700. markes by yeare and afterwardes was scarse worth fortie pounde the yeare This note was certified to King Henry the seauenth in the â—â— of his raigne and the same is written on the gates of the Church of Yermouth This great Pestilence began at London about the feast of All Sainctes in y â— yeare 1348. What time this Pestilence had wasted all England y e Scots greatly reioycing mocked sware oft-times by the vile death of y â— Englishmen but y â— sword of Gods wrath departing froÌ„ thence slew coÌ„sumed the Scots in no lesse nuÌ„bers than it did the other It also wasted the Welchmen and within a while passed ouer into Ireland where it destroyed a great nuÌ„ber of English people that dwelt there but suche as were right Irishmen borne y â— dwelt in the hilly countreys it scarcely touched so that few of theÌ„ died therof This plague coÌ„tinued sometime in one place sometime in another vntill the yeare of our Lord 1357. The same yeare for a truce or finall peace to be concluded the B. of Norwich the Earle of Northampton the Earle of Stafford Richard Talbot Walter Mayny Knightes sayled ouer the Sea into France whom y â— Frenchmen met peaceably but they would not agrée to a
grounde wyth certaine prickes bothe shorte and sharpe then called Gadlings being closed in the ioyntes of hys righte Gauntlet the sayde Thomas strucke the sayde Iohn in the face and sore wounded hym but on the other side Iohn hadde no suche shorte kinde of weapon wherewyth hée myght hurte Thomas face and therefore cryed out aloude moste horribly whervpon by the kings commaundemente the combatte was ended and the victorie adiudged to Thomas who gaue the sayde Iohn being thus ouercome to the Prince of Wales for a Captiue and offered by his owne armoure to Sainte George in Sainte Paules Churche at London wyth greate deuotion These matters beyng thus finished the Cipres man is manumitted and fette at libertie as a frée man againe And Thomas thinking boldely to goe into the presence of his brother the Frenche King toke hys iourney thyther and at his comming founde the sayde King and the nobilitie of Fraunce greatlye offended and in indignation against him for that he agréed that the combat shoulde be tried before the King of England Wherefore Thomas thinking secretly with himselfe howe to winne the false friendship of his brother being desirous to shewe that therein hée hadde done well among all other things he greatelye praysed the nobilitie of Edwarde and his worthy fame spredde ouer al the worlde and also the iustice whiche he vsed in iudging not accepting the person of the manne of Cipres yea thoughe he loued the Kyng himselfe verye well neyther suffered him to be preferred before me whiche am a Frenche manne and brother and friende to thée my Lorde Kyng of Fraunce iudge ouer the sayde King Edwarde my aduersarie Also the Earle of Ewe hyghlye praysed the King of England for that hée hadde receyued greate comforte and commoditye at hys handes during the tyme of hys Captiuitie in Englande shewing also howe farre that good Kyng hadde banished enuie and hatred from hys hearte who at a time of iustyng beyng in the fielde at that exercise and the Kyng also was commaunded by the Kyng hymselfe to beare awaye the price and pricke from them all These commendations did the Frenche Kyng enuie at and for indignation he moste wickedlye commaunded the setters forthe of those prayses to be beheaded And for to colour the matter the better he fayned that the Earle vsed too muche familiaritie with the Quéene his wife and that his brother was guiltie of treason againste the king of Fraunce bycause he committed his cause and the combat to be tryed by the iudgement of the king of Englande After he had thus murdered his brother he tormented his wife to death by famine who was daughter of the noble King of Boheme lately slaine in battayle by Geffrey William Edington Bishoppe of Winchester and treasurer Groates and halfe groates Anno reg 25 Tho. Walsing Histo Auâ—â—a of England a wise man caused a newe coyne called a Groate and halfe Groate to be coyned but these were of lesse wayght than the pence called Esterlings by reason wherof victualles and merchandice became the dearer thorough the whole realme After the Octaues of the Purification of our Lady in a Parliament at VVestminster Parliament holden at Westminster Henrie Earle of Lancaster was created Earle of Lincolne Leicester Derby Grosmount and Ferrers and Duke of Lancaster vnto whome also was giuen great priuiledges suche as neuer any Erle had before his time Also Lionel of Antwerpe the kings sonne is made Earle of Vâ—star in Irelande Iohn of Gaunte his brother is made Earle of Richmonde and Ralph Baron of Stafforde is made Earle of Stafforde In the Lent following Walter de Maine and Roberte Herle Captain of Caleis rod into France making gret praes and doing great domage brought away gret store of beasts A fat Covv sixteene pence 1351 shéepe and swine so that at Caleis a fat Cowe was scarcelye solde for sixtéene pence sterling About Easter the Duke of Lancaster departing from Caleis marched alongst the Sea coastes of Artoys and Picardie brent the suburbes of Bulloign but assaulting the Town he preuayled not for that only the ladders were too short Therefore he wasted the Cities of Tirwin and the hauen also the Townes of Fauconbridge and Staples and in the same hauens he brent aboue 120. ships of diuerse moulds After this brenning the Champion Countrey he rode vnto Saint Omers and winning by force manye Fortresses with a great pray and many prisoners he returned to Caleis About the feast of Saint George things prospered wel in Gascoine for the Marshal of France with a greate number of armed men spoyled the Countrey about S. Dangel where Edmond Rose a Norffolke man was Captayne who with the garison valiauntly encountred the enimies flew many of them and toke the sayde Marshal and manye other nobles of Fraunce chasing aboue 400. Knightes The same yeare the Spanish shippes by a treatie of peace came into Englande where the last yeare they were restrayned but nowe a truce was taken for twentie yeares betwixt England and Spaine and a truce betwixt Englande and Fraunce for one yeare whiche the French men brake by reason of taking the Castel of Guisnes as in the next yeare shall be shewed Iohn Wroth Gilbert of Steineshorpe the. 28. of Septem Sherifes Maior Andrew Auberie Grocer the. 28. of October About this season the old coine of gold was changed into a new the olde Noble was worth muche aboue the taxed rate of the newe and therfore the Marchauntes boughte the olde and conueyed them out of the Realme to the greate losse of the king and kingdome to the whiche there was a remedie prouided by the chaunging of the stampe About the beginning of Januarie the French men béeing occupied about y â— repayring of y e wals of Guisnes town being afore that time destroyed by the English men some meÌ„ of armes of Caleis vnderstanding their doings deuised how they might ouerthrow the work it was done in this sort There was an Archer named Iohn Dancaster in prison in Anno reg 26 the Castel of Guisnes before that time takeÌ„ who not hauing wherwith to pay his raunsome was let lose with condition that he shoulde worke there amongst the French men The getting of Guisnes by the Englishe This fellow chaunced to lye with a Laundres a strumpet and learned of hir where beyond in the principal ditch from the bottome there was a Wall made of two foote broade stretching from the bottome to the brimme of the ditche within forthe so that being couered with Water it coulde not be séene but not so drowned but that a man going alofte theron shoulde not be wette paste the knées it beyng made for the vse of Fishers and therefore in the middest it was discontinued for the space of two foote and so the Archer hys Harlot shewyng it to hym he measured the heygth of the Wall wyth a thréede These things thus known one day slipping down from the Wal he passed the ditche by that hydden Wall and
lying hidde in the Marish till Euening came in the night neare vnto Caleâ—â— where tarrying for the cleare daye he then wente into the Towne for else he might not here he instructed them that were gréedie of praye and to scale the Castell howe they might enter the same they caused ladders to be made to the length by the Archer appointed Thirtie meÌ„ conspyring togither clothing themselues in blacke armour without any brightnesse they went to the Castell by the guiding of the sayde Iohn de Dancaster and clyming the Wall with their ladders they slewe the watchmen and threwe them down headlong beside the Wall after this in the Hall they slew many whom they founde vnarmed playing at the Chesse and Hazarde Then they brake into the Chambers and Turrets vpon the Ladyes and Knightes that laye there asléepe and so were made maisters of all that was within and shutting all their prisoners into a strong Chamber being bereft of all their armour they toke out the English men that had bin taken the yeare before and there kept in prison and after they hadde relieued them well with meate and drinke they made them guardens ouer them that had them in custodie and so they wanne all the Fortresses of the Castell vnknowen to them that were in the Towne appointed to ouersée the repayring of the broken Wals what had happened to them within the Castell In the morning they commaunded the workemen in the Towne to cease from theyr workes who therevppon perceyuing that the Castell was wonne streyghte wayes fledde and the newe Castilians suffered the Ladyes to depart on horssebacke wyth theyr apparell writings and Munimentes where they oughte to holde theyr fées and the same daye there came from Caleis to theyr ayde suche persons as they sente for by whose ayde they kepte the Castell and aboute thrée of the clocke there came two Knightes sente from the Earle of Guâ—snes who demaunding a truce willed to know of them that were thus entred the Castel who they were to whom they belonged and by whose aucthoritie they kept the Castell so taken in the time of truce wherevnto they aunsweared that being intruded they woulde not declare to any man theyr purpose til they had tryed a longer possession and therefore on Saint Mawrice day the Abbot the King being busie in Parliamente the French men being sente from the sayde Earle of Guisnes declared how in preiudice of the truce the sayd Castel was taken and therefore by right of mutuall fayth it ought to be restored vnto them The king aunswered that without hys knowledge that enterprice was made and therefore hée gaue commaundemente to his subiectes that none of them shoulde deteyne the Castell of Guisnes but deliuer it vnto the lawfull Lordes thereof The messengers being returned 1352 home and reporting what they had done the Earle of Guisnes commeth to the Castel demanding of them within as at other times in whose name they kepte it Who constantly affirming that they kepte it in the name of Iohn Dancaster he required to knowe if the same Iohn were the King of Englandes liegeman or woulde obey him who answearing that he knewe not what messengers hadde bin in Englande the Earle offered for the Castle besides all the treasure founde in it many thousands of Crownes or possessions for exchaunge and a perpetuall peace with the king of France To this they aunsweared that before the takyng of that Castel they were English men by nation but by theyr demerites bannished for the peace of the king of Englande wherefore the place which they thus helde they would willingly sell or exchaunge but to none sooner than to theyr naturall king of Englande to whom they sayde they woulde sell their Castel to obtaine their peace but if he would not buy it then they woulde sell it to the King of Fraunce or to whome soeuer would giue most for it The Earle being thus shifted of from them the king of Englande boughte it in déede and so had that place whyche he greatlye desired This Fortresse was wont to stoppe vppe the passage into the higher Countrey gyuing to some greate suertye from the Forragers that were to issue forth of Caleis The Counsell of Fraunce therefore wishing to haue that Castell agayne or to builde another of like vtilitie for the defence of the Countrey thereaboutes they sente for Geffrey Charney latelye redéemed out of Englishe Captiuitie with aucthoritie to builde and fortifye as followeth To them that trauayle from Guisnes to Caleis there was a place on the lefte hande strong but decayed hauyng a Churche in which certaine Nunnes were resident and it was called Lalbastie this place was so neare to Guisnes Lalbastie fortified that the Englishe menne standyng without the gate of theyr fortresse might shoote to it Thys Monasterie of Nunnes mighte easilye be made defensible for it hadde high Wals like a Castell and a highe Towre and verye large for a stéeple and beyng scituate in a marishe grounde it mighte with small labour be compassed with a ditche This place the Englishe men hadde spared for deuotion sake vntil that the forsayde Geffrey in breache of truce wyth a mightye power besieged Guisnes and remoued the Nunnes from the Churche making a Castell of the Church and fensing the Walles with rampire and ditch and this was about Pentecoste in whiche season the Waters not impeaching hym his people myghte worke in the Marishe They wythin the Castel therefore being besieged were vnneth able to come abroade wyth theyr boates by the ditches that were ful of Water and by the Marish vnpassable and also full of Water neyther they of Caleis coulde victuall them by anye manner of meane by reason of the siege and wardyng that was kepte at Lalbastie They that were thus besieged oft times sailed out and fought with theÌ„ of Lalbastie but slue very few sometime with arrows sometime w t other weapons at length vpon a day appointed the Calisians with theÌ„ of Oye Markes on the one part and they within Guisnes on the other met set on their enimies slew many and chased many away and finally set fire and brent vp Lalbastie and Lalbastie brent and rased dismanteling the walles made all plaine with the grouÌ„d This yeare the Duke of Lancaster going into Spruce by the aduise and ordinance of the King his daughter was dispousate in England to William Duke of Zeland eldest sonne to Lewes Duke of Bauire that intruded vpon the Romane Empire This yeare about the fiftéenth of August Walter Bentley VValter Bentley and Robert Knolles make a voyage into France Captayne Robert Knolles and other in the marches of Briteine valiantly encountered their enimies where in a fight doubtfull for a good while were slayne the principall Marshall of France also the Lords of Quintin of Curâ—â—noke of Richmont of Mount Albon of Legenell of Launey of Montbech of Vile Chastel de la March and other Knightes in number 140. and Bachelers to the number of
the towne of Beal Marchi on the right hand lodged before the Towne of the Archbishop of Anfer called Le Base On this day Richard Stafford brother vnto the Earle of Stafford led his men with his Antient towards y e towne on the next day being Tuesday y e town was yéelded vnto him bicause it beloÌ„ged to y e Church the Prince would not suffer any maÌ„ to enter into it excepting certain persons appointed of purpose for the deliuering of victuals On Wednesday they leauing y e faire town of Escamount on y e left haÌ„d they came before the noble towne of Merand belonging to y e Earle of Commege which was ful of armed souldiours the Prince lodged in the great Monastery of Bartons in y e which Abbey there was not so much as one liuing creature fouÌ„d On Thurseday they lay still doing no harme to the sayde Abbey On Friday they went out of the faire and rich CouÌ„trey of Arminake entred the CouÌ„trey of Austerike through the which the passage was very hard hilly and lodging at Saxaunt a towne they set it on fire contrarie to the coÌ„mandement of y e Prince Al that day and thrée dayes following they passed alongst by the high hilles of Aragon On Saterday they came to the towne of S. More where y e rereward of the army lodged in a great Monasterie of blacke Monkes which were all fled away the middleward at Vilfrankes and the vaward at Tremaine these villages being very rich and full of victualles had no man in theÌ„ for all the inhabitants were fledde Sonday the xxiiij of October they passed a certaine foord and entred into the lands of y e Earle of Comenge which reached vnto Tolouse but these CouÌ„treys wer wasted with fire sword and leauing on the left hand the Towne called Sannetere in Austrike they passed by the strong Citie of Winbers where Pope Iohn the 22. remouing the blacke Monkes erected a Bishops sea and they were lodged in a great rich towne called Sotanco beloÌ„ging to y e Earledome of Comenge where was a coueÌ„t of friers Minors burning this towne on Monday they passed through a goodly wide countrey very plaine so came to the townes of S. Foy and S. Litz On Tuesday they rested and on Wednesday being the feast of Simon Iude the armie passed through y e Riuer of GerouÌ„d being a water very fierce stony terrible again the same day through y e Riuer of Arage much more dangerous came vnto Tolouse before that time neuer durst any horsemaÌ„ passe ouer these waters wherefore y e people of this couÌ„trey being wonderfully made aferd could not tell what to do for being sodeinly takeÌ„ they could not flée that night the Prince lodged at Falgard a little towne one mile from Tolouse On Tuesday they came vnto the faire great town called Mount Gistard being parte of the inheritance of the Lord Almerike de la Fossad the which Towne the Frenche King had taken froÌ„ him bycause he was y e King of Englands féed man Fast by the sayde Towne were twelue Windmilles the which they set on fire all at once There were taken two espies that certified the Prince that the Earle of Arminake was at Tolouse and the Connestable of France at Mount Maban four leagues from Tolouse On Friday they passed on towards Auinion by the good towne of Basige and the towne called Franke and the whole armie lodged at the great Towne called Auionâ—t and the middleward and rereward lay in one side of the suburbes and the vaward lay on the other side of the Towne which the Townesmen perceiuing fled euery one There was about this Towne twenty Windmilles which they set on fire On Saterday the last of October they lodged in the great Towne called Clastalnannar where a Church of Chanons a coueÌ„t of Friers Minors and another of Carmelites with an Hospitall and a Uillage called Les mauns de Pucels with a couent of Friers Augustines were al coÌ„sumed with fire On Sonday the feast of All Saincts the armie rested out of the which army certaine going to take booties they tooke a little towne the inhabitants whereof to be spared from spoyling gaue them x. M. Florens of golde On monday they marched along by the Townes of S. Mathele Port and the great Towne called Vilkapinch and froÌ„ thence they entred the Countrey of Carkason and the Prince lodged at a little Uillage called Alse On Tuesday they came to Carkason a faire towne rich and well built bigger than London Within the walles betwixt the towne of Senburge and the Citie being double walled there ranne a goodly water which passed vnder a faire stone Bridge at the foote whereof were foure couents of Religions of y e which the Friers ran not away but the other fled into the Citie The whole armie was lodged in the towne which abounded with Muskadell and all other delicate victuals this day the sonnes of the Lord Libret and Mayster Basset with Rowland Daues and many other were made Knightes On Wednesday Thurseday the armie lying still in the Towne and hauing made a truce they parlied with them of the Citie concerning a peace the Citizens Carkason in France burned offering for sauing the Towne from burning 250000. of golden Souses the Prince answered he came not for gold but to take Cities and Townes togither with their inhabitantes and the nexte day commanded the Towne to bée brent On Friday the Towne being brent the army departed leauing on the left hand the Castell of Botenake vntouched passing through the champion Countrey burning Townes called La Rustican and all the Countrey thereabout On Saterday they trauayled through a great wind and dust leauing on the lefte hande a great poole of freshe water béeing in compasse aboute thirtie leagues and is called Casibon They came to a Towne called Silony whiche was yéelded to the Prince and therefore neuer touched and the Prince was lodged that night at a good Towne called Canet On Sonday the eyght of Nouember they passed the water of Sandey partly at the Foord called Chastel de Terre and partly ouer a Bridge and so trauayled betwixt high hilles vnto the great Citie of Narbon whereof that Countrey taking his name is called Gallia Narbonensis This Citie was very strong and well walled hauing in it a great Cathedrall Church also a notable Castell belonging to the Bishop and a very strong Tower for the Earle of the same Towne It had also a Suburbe called a Borough much bigger and better built than the Borough of Carkason In the Borough were foure Couents of Religious persons Betwixt the Borough and the Citie there runneth a water called Ande comming from Carkason and runneth into the Greekish Sea Betwixt the Citie and the Borough are two Bridges of stone and the third of timber built with storehouses for diuers Merchandises The Prince was lodged in the house of Carmelite Friers On Tuesday the Borough béeing
set on fire the army passing to the water side wente ouer it in diuers places From thence they went and lodged at the Towne and Castell of Ambion On Wednesday they trauelled an euill iourney and hurtfull to the Horsse for lacke of water On Thurseday Theodorike Dale Porter of the Princes Chamber was made Knight thence the Army passed by a good towne called Vlmes the middleward passed vnto the good Towne of the Earle of Lile called Arnile where they lodged that night The Prince lay at the Friers Minors where was greate abundance of Muskadell béeing prouided for the Countesse of the I le which was all spoyled This daye also the good Towne of Pipions was destroyed with the Castell thereof called Redote On Friday the army passing by a long stonie way lodged at Lamian On Saterday returning backe towarde Gascoigne they lefte on their right hand the great poole of Esbone and Carkason and all the iourney that they wente before and the rereward lodged at a good Towne called Abier and the middleward at Puchâ—iancies where a Castell béeing defended withstoode them a season but at length was wonne and the Prince lay beyonde the Bridge by a faire running water on both sydes whereof the Countrey was spoyled with fire togither with the good Towne of Pesaunce where the vawarde was lodged y â— night On Sonday they trauelled a long iourney bycause the Prince should be lodged in the great Abbey of our Lady de Prolion where in seuerall Cloysters did liue 100 Predicants wherevnto the Prince was deuoutely receiued In y â— day the army set on fire y e towne of Lemeins where there was far greater Couents of Religions than at Carkason Also they brent the faire Towne called Falanges vnto which towne belonged xxj Windmilles They brent also the townes of Vnlard Serre with all y e whole CouÌ„trey lying theraboutes On Monday the middleward lodged at the good towne called Dealpuhbon which long time was defended but at length gotten by force the Castell whereof yéelded vnto the which Towne and Castell the Prince coÌ„manded that no harme should be done by fire On Tuesday earely passing ouer y e riuer of Beseile they entred into a couÌ„trey which was broade About one aclocke they came before a great Abbey called Bourgbon where the Earle of Fluxens with great ioy receyued the Prince he being newly escaped out of prison from Paris where he had laine by the space of two yeares and the said Earle remained from that time faithful to the Prince This day they rode in the Lordships and seigniories of the same Earle by the Townes of Masell and Colmon and on the right hand they passed by the greate Towne of Saint Canole and the high Castel called Hautripe but on this day they brent nothing for reuerence of the foresaid Earle and his Uineyards but passed agayne ouer the water of Arage leauing also Tolous as they did at the first but then one mile on the left hand and now four leagues on the right and the middle ward was lodged in the great Towne of Mermount which togither with the Castell was brent On Wednesday they passed by the Castell of the Earle of Flux called Mounthane at the foote whereof all the horsemen passed ouer the great water of Geround and there tooke the Towne and Castell of North then leauing the Riuer of Gerond on the left hand and so passed vnto the towne of Marconaw which they tooke then they returned ouer the Riuer againe and tooke the strong Towne of Carbone On Thurseday y e armie rested On Friday word was brought to the Prince that the French were vp and had gathered a great force which they had deuided into fiue great battels being in the field not far from them wherevpoÌ„ our men set themselues in battayle aray about one mile from the place where they lodged and béeing now readie to fight some one of the Souldioures by chance start a Hare wherevpon a great shout was made which the enimies hearing they sente out fortie light Horsemen to sée what was the cause thereof who drawing nigh to the English armie and perceiuing them to be set in battayle aray returned backe againe and declared what they had séene wherevpon presently the whole armie of Frenchmen fled with great feare The same day Barthelmew Burwash Iohn Chandos and Iames de Audley with xxiiij light horsemeÌ„ were appointed scoutes comming to y â— tayle of y â— Frenchmen they toke prisoners xxxij Knightes gentlemen amongst whome they toke the Erle of Romeme also they slewe many Carters and Wagoners The Prince lodged in y e towne of Muwose On Saterday they marched to the Castell of Oradrie in which Castell the Prince lodged and in the morning they brent it On Sonday the two and twentith of Nouember about euening they perceyued that theyr enimies were on the other side of y e gret Hil harde by the great towne of Gemount so that the English men being be-nighted sent out lx lyghte horssemen and certaine bowmen vnto the righte hande of the towne called Auremount where finding 400. menne of armes of the Conestable of Fraunce they chased them out of the Towne and slewe and toke many the middle Warde lodged at Auremount and the Uawarde at Colimont Earelye in the morning the Wagoners being commaunded to remayne in the Towne of Auremount all the residue being deuided into troupes went into the fielde wayting for the comming of theyr enimies all in vaine for the Prynce taking the Towne of Gamount was tolde that his enimies fled away at midnight On Twesday the armye lodged in the fielde and for lacke of Water their horsse were faine to drinke Wyne whereof it came to passe that the nexte daye their horsses were so drunke they coulde not goe right forth and many of them dyed On Saint Katherines daye wyth muche a doe they came to Water and leauing the Towne of Florence on theyr righte hande they passed to the greate towne called Silard and the middle warde was lodged at a Towne called Realmount which they toke by maine force and therefore brent it On Thursday they rested On Fryday they trauayled a long iourney by Walled townes and strong Castels the middle warde lodged at Serde On Saterday they passed ouer a certaine Water with great difficultie and through woods till they came to a good Towne called Mesin On Sondaye the Prince rested and toke homage and othes of the Townesmen Monday Sainte Andrewes daye trauelling a long iourney they came to the Towne of Tolows where were thrée Castels On Twesday the prince trauelled to the Castel of Melan wher he lodged On Wednesday the Prince came to Regla wher his horsses and Wagons passed throughe the riuer of Gerond In thys Anno reg 30 towne of Regla the Prince appointed diuerse Barons and suche like to Winter in diuerse places of the Marches to the intente they shoulde kéepe the inland parts of Gascoigne against the French men The Prince of Wales
Knightes and fiue Bishops to wéete Reginald of Worcester Michael of London Thomas of Eâ—lie Iohn of Lincolne and Robert of Cicester To Worcester was preferred Iohn of Barnet to London Simon Sudburie to Ely Simon Langham to Lincolne Iohn Bokingham to Cicester William Linlinere Leonell Earle of Hulster by his wife and sonne to King Edward went into Ireland to recounter the Irishmen that vexed the English Edward Prince of Wales tooke to wife by dispensation the Countesse of Kent daughter vnto Edmond Earle of Kent brother to King Edward the second she had bin before wife vnto Thomas Holland and before that she was wife to the Earle of Salisburie and diuorsed from him A route of the great company of the Englishmen were coÌ„manded to depart out of France and they discomfited in Anuerne the Frenchmen and tooke diuers prisoners of the nobles of France that had bin afore takeÌ„ of the Englishmen and there was slayn Iaques de Burbon and the Countie of Salbrig Also a route of Britons part of the great company aforesayd were discoÌ„fited in Limosin alias Garet by Wil. Felton knight of England at that time Steward of y e Countrey for K. Edward William Holbech Iames Tame the 28 of September Sherifes Maior Sore rempest of vvinde Iohn Peche Fishmonger the 28. of October The King helde his Christmas at Windsore and the xv day folowing a sore and vehemeÌ„t Southweast wind brake forth so hideous that it ouerthrew high Houses Towers Stéeples and Trées and so bowed them that the residue which fell not but remayned standing were the weaker The first fiue dayes of May at London in Smithfield were Anno reg 36 Iusting in Smithfield Justes holden the King and Quéene being present and the most part of the Chiualrie of England and France and of other Nations to the which came Spanyards Cipriets and Armenians Knightly requesting the King of Englands ayde againste the Pagans that had inuaded their confines The 1362 First Staple of vvool at Caleis staple of wools notwithstaÌ„ding the oth receiued of the King of England and other great men of the land is sent to Caleis In the feast of the Apostles Peter and Paule King Edward at Westminster by his Charter gaue to the Abbot of Westminster and Couent two Stagges of his Uenison yearely to be taken in the Forest of Windsore Edward Prince of Wales about the feast of Saint Margaret Edvvard the Kings eldest sonne Prince of Aquitayne at Westminster in presence of the great men of y e Realme receyued of his father the principalitie of Aquitayne fealtie and homage first made to him but yet he left not the principalitie of Wales the Duchie of Cornewall the Counties of Chester and Kent Simon Islip Archbishop of Canterburie did ordeyne that Priestes became theeues for lacke of liuing â— more should not be giuen to Priestes for their yearely stipend than thrée pound sixe shillings eyght pence whiche caused many of them to steale Iohn of Saint Albons Iames Andrew the 28. of Sept. Sherifes Maior Stephen Candish Draper the 28. of October The sixtéenth day of October began a Parliamente at London which continued till the feast of Saint Brice the thirtéenth Tho. Walsing of Nouember on which day the King was borne hauing now accomplished the 50. yeare of his age wherevppon he pardoned such as were giltie of Treason to his person releassed prisoners reuoked outlawes and at the petition of the commons he commanded pleas to be vsed in English and not in French as they had continued since the Conquest He made Leonell his sonne Earle of Hulster then being in Ireland Duke of Clarence and his son Iohn Earle of Richmond he made Duke of Lancaster and Edmond his sonne he made Earle of Cambridge In the saide Parliamente was granted to the King for Subsedie of vvoolles thrée yeares following sixe and twentie shillings eyght pence of euery Sacke of wooll to be transported beyond the Seas Ioane Quéene of Scottes and wife to Dauid Bruse and sister to King Edward the third dyed and was buried in the grey Friers Church at London by hir mother Sea Cro. A Priest in London was murthered and being cutte in four quarters was cast contemptuouslie in foure partes of y e Citie y â— doers wherof were not knowne what they were Sir Iohn Cobham Knighte founded the Colledge of Cobham Colledge Anno reg 37 1363 Three Kings came into England The French King dieth Cobham in Kent The French King the King of Cipres and the King of Scottes came all into England to speake with King Edwarde who receiued them with great honor and gaue them great giftes the Kings of Cipres and of Scotland returned home shortly but the French King fell sicke at London whereof he shortly after died A Frost in England lasted from the midst of September Great Frost Adam Merimâ— to the moneth of Aprill Richard Croydon Iohn Hiltoft the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Cro. col reg â—â—xâ— Iohn Not Peperer the 28. of October This yeare the Castell of Quinborough was builded by King Edward The ninth day of Aprill died Iohn King of France at the Anno reg 38 1364 Sauoy beside Westminster through griefe of minde that the Duke of Angiow one of his pledges had deceyued him and came not into England according as he had promised and sworne His corps was honourably conueyed to Douer and so to Saint Denis in France where he was buried Iohn de Mitford Simon de Mordon the 28. of Septem Sherifes Maior Anno reg 39 1365 Sherifes Maior Adam of Bury Skinner the 28 of October Ingram Lord of Cowsie married Lady Isabell the Kings daughter at Windsore Iohn Bukulsworth Thomas Ireland the 28. of Septemb. Iohn Loukin Fishmonger Adam of Bury Skinner The 28. of January Iohn Louekin Fishmonger was elected Maior and Adam Bury remoued by the Kings commandement The King commanded that Peter pence should no more Anno reg 40 Peter pence forbidde be gathered nor payde to Rome Saint Peters pence is the Kings almes and all that had twentie peny worth of good of one manner cattell in their house of their owne proper should giue that penie at Lammas The third day of Aprill was borne at Burdeaux Richard 1366 sonne to Edward the blacke Prince who was after King of England by the name of Richard the second Iohn Ward Thomas at Lee the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Iohn Louekin Fishmonger the 28. of October This Iohn Louekin Stockfishmonger four times Maior of London twice by election and twice by the Kings appointment Iohn Leyland for that he was borne in the Towne of Kingston Hospitall at Kingston vpon Thamis vpon Thamis he builded there a Chappel called Magdalenes â—o the which he ioyned an Hospitall wherein was a Mayster two Priestes and certayne poore men and for that the Saint Michaelâ— Church in Crooked Lane builded parish Church of Saint
Battayle on the Sea Flemings and tooke fiue and twenty ships laden with salt The Frenchmen beséeged Rochell to the remouing whereof was sent the Earle of Penbroke with a number of men of armes vpon whome fell the Spanish Nauie in the Hauen of Rochell who slew and tooke the Englishmen and burnt their Nauie The Earle and many noble men were caried into Spayne togither with the Kings money King Edwarde with a great Nauie entred the Seas towardes Rochell to haue rescued the same but the winde being contrary with heauie chéere he returned agayne hauing spente in thys preparation as it was sayde nine hundred thousande pound Iohn Philpot Nicholas Brember the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Anno reg 47 1373 Iohn Piel Mercer the 28. of October Iohn Duke of Lancaster entred France with a strong power and passed through the Realme without battayle but in the Deserts and Mountaynes of Aluerne for lacke of victualles many of his armie dyed from thence he went to Burdeaux and brought scantly fortie horsses backe with him it was commonly talked that he lost thirtie thousande Horsses in that vnluckie voyage It was a great miserie â—bo Walsing to sée the poore state of the men of warre suche as were Knightes of great wealth in their Countrey hauing lost men and Horsses were glad to begge from dore to dore and found no reliefe for the Countrey was destroyed and not manured by reason whereof such dearth was in that Countrey that victualles could scant be gotten for any money The Duke yet wintered The tenth of Aprill following a day of battayle was appoynted betwixte him and the Duke of Aniow at Tholouse In the meane time truce was taken till the twentith of May next following but the King of England knew nothing of it When the day came a great power of armed men for the French appeared the which the Duke of Aniow had assembled but yet that daye passed without battayle to the great shame and reproch of the English for the Frenchmen sayd they were ready in fielde the day appoynted to looke for their comming that came not at all wherefore they spake many reprochfull wordes against the Englishmen calling them false cowards and haâ—â— lesse And such was the end of that iourney Iohn Northwold Mercer of London was slayne at the Blacke heath for whose sake began great debate among the Craftes of London at the White Friers in Fléetestréete for him and Sir William of Windsore Lib. Maior vic Lon. The Cleargie granted to the King tenthes and thâ— Laytie a fiftéenth Iohn Awbrey Iohn Fished the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Anno reg 48 1374 Adam of Bury Skinner the 28. of October Iohn Duke of Lancaster came againe out of Gascoigne after whose departure almost all Gascoigne fell from their allegeaunce which they had couenaunted with the King â—â— England sauing Burdeaux and Bayon Iohn Duke of Lancaster William Earle of Salisbuâ—â—â— Reignold Lord Cobham with Simon Sudbery and other assembled at Brudges to treate a peace betwéene y â— Realâ—â—â— of England and France where mette with them the Duke â— Aniow and many other Nobles of France This treatie continued almost two yeares and ended without conclusion of peace but on a truce Richard Lions William Woodhouse the 28. of Septem Sherifes Maior Anno reg 49 1â—75 Iohn Walworth Fishmonger the 28. of October The sixtéenth of Aprill died Iohn Hastings Earle of Penbroke comming into Englande after he had raunsomed himselfe for a great masse of money which he neuer payde The Isle of Constantine was deliuered to the French King to the great detriment of Englande for whiche cause afterward Sir Iohn Ansley appeached Thomas Catrington of Trenson A great heate was in England so that many both A hoâ—e sommer men and women died thereof Iohn Hadle William Newport the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Anno reg 50 Good Parliament Iohn Ward Grocer the 28. of October A Parliament commonly called the good Parliament was holden at Westminster in the which when a Subsidie was demaunded answere was made by Peter de la Mare Prolocâ—tor of the Parliamente that the King néeded not the substance of his poore Subiects if he were well and faithfully gouerned which he offered to proue effectually and promised that if it were found that the King had néede his subiects should be readie most gladlye to help him according to their power The Knightes required to haue the Lord Latimer with 1376 other remoued from about the King whome they sayd did giue him euill counsell whiche being done certaine Prelates Earles and other were ordeyned to gouerne the King who then was an olde man but this endured not long The commons also requested to haue remoued out of the Kings house a certayne proude woman called Alice Perce who by ouermuch familiaritie that she had with the King was cause of muche mischiefe in the Realme she excéeding the manner of Women sate by the Kings Justices and sometimes by the Doctours in the Consistories perswading and disswading in defence of matters and requesting things contrarie to law and honestie to the great dishonor of the King Also Richard Lious and Adam of Bury Citizens of London Adam Bury late Maior Richard Lions late Sherife a Goldsmith were accused by the commoÌ„s of diuers fraudes and deceipts which they had done to the King Richard Lions for money did wisely compouÌ„d and escaped the other conuayde himselfe into Flanders but Sir Peter de la Mere who tolde the troth was at the instance of Alice Pierce condemned to perpetuall prison at Notingham The eyght day of June Prince Edward departed out of Blacke Prince deceassed Adam Meriâ—o this life who was in his time the floure of Chiualrie he was buried at Canterbury and then King Edwarde created Richard sonne of Prince Edward Earle of Chester Duke of Cornewall and Prince of Wales and bycause the King waxed féeble and sicklie he betooke the rule of the lande to Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster The Earle of Warwickes men made a great spoyle of the Euisham spoyled Abbey of Euisham and the tenementes thereto belonging beating and sleying many of the Abbots men but by the King an agréement was made betwixt them but no full satisfaction Iohn Northampton Robert Laund the 28. of Septem Sherifes Maior Adam Staple Mercer the 28. of October In a Parliament at London there was granted suche a taxe as neuer was heard of before to wit of euery Lay person A great taxe both man woman aboue the age of fourtéene yeares four pence and of euen Religious person both man and woman that had any Ecclesiasticall promotion twelue pence and of them that had no promotion four pence except the four orders of begging Friers and also the Statutes of the good Parliament were disanulled and the abiured persons restored The Londoners at S. Iohns Inne of Ipres being stirred vp The Londoners meant to haue
toke them and led them into Scotlande this he did in reuenge of his Fathers iniurie who was before taken by the English men and kept prisoner in the Castel of Scarborow Iohn Philpot a CitizeÌ„ of London a maÌ„ of iolly wit very rich in substance considering the want of y e Duke of Lancaster and other Lords that ought to haue defended y e realm Anno reg 2. and lamenting the oppressions of the inhabitauntes hyred wyth his owne money to the number of a thousand souldiours the whiche mighte take from the sayde Iohn Mercer both his shippes and goods whiche he had by reuenge takeÌ„ and defended the Realme of England from suche incursions and it came to passe within a small time that his hyred meÌ„ toke the sayde Iohn Mercer with all his ships which he had violently taken from Scarborow and fiftéene Spanish shippes that were laden with muche riches and were with hym in ayde at that present There was greate ioy made among y e people all men praysing that worthy mans bountifulnesse and loue towards the king The Earles and Barons séeing so laudable an acte atchieued by Iohn Philpot tooke it grieuously althoughe they knewe themselues guiltie firste they secretly lye in awayte to do him some displeasure and after they spake against him openly saying it was not lawfull for him to doe such things without the counsell of the King and Realme certayne of the Lordes but the chiefe being Hugh Earle of Stafforde that rehearsed these things thus against him were aunsweared by the same Iohn Philpot sir know sayth he that I neyther sente my money nor men to the daunger of the Seas that I shoulde take from you or your fellowes the good renoume of Chilualrie and winne it to me but being sorrowfull to sée the peoples myserie in my Countrey whych nowe through your slouthfulnesse of the most noble Lady of Nations is brought to lye open to the spoyling of euerye vilest nation when there is not one of you that doth put hys hande to the defence thereof I haue therefore set forth my selfe and mine for the sauing of my nation and Countrey the Earle had not to aunswere The. xi of August certaine wicked persons of the Kings Murder in the Church of VVestminster Tho Walsing house being armed at high Masse tyme entred the Churche of Westminster Abbay and there set vppon two valiaunt Esquiers Iohn Schakel and Robert Hawley whyche had escaped out of the Tower of London to the sayde Abbay for refuge of Sanctuarie they slewe the sayde Robert Hawley in the quire before the Priours stal and slewe a Monke which intreated them to spare the sayde Robert in that place Syr Ralph Ferreis and sir Alan Buxule Captain of the Tower some say the Lord Latimer wer the captaines of this mischiefe The aforesayd two Esquires Robert Hawley and Iohn Shakell in the battayle of Nazers in Spaine toke the Erle of Dene poisoner who deliuered vnto him his soÌ„ for a pledge and bycause they would not present the sayde Earles son to the King who woulde giue them little or nothing for hym the foresayde Allen Buxule with other were sent to do thys myschiefe who slewe the one and caste the other in prison Iohn Boseham Thomas Cornewalis the. 28. of Septem Sherifes Maior Iohn Philpot his charitie Sir Iohn Philpot Grocer the. 28. of October This Iohn Philpot Maior of London gaue to the same Citie certaine tenementes for the which the Chamberlain payeth yearely to xiij poore people euerye of them seauen pence the wéeke for euer and as any of those thirtéene persons dyeth the Maior appointeth one and the Recorder another The Scottes beganne to Rebell and a Squire of theirs 1379 Tho. Walsing called Alexander Ramsey with fortye persons in a nighte toke the Castell of Berwicke but the ninth day following the Erle of Northumberland recouered it and slew the Scots that were therein The Marchauntes of London wickedly slew a rich marchaunt of Genua for that he woulde carry to a better market the spices that he had promised to bring into this Country the doers wherof were after apprehended and some for that fact executed as after shal appeare So great a mortality of men hapned in the North parts Pestilence in the North. Tho. Wals of England as neuer had bin séene before which the Scots séeing raunged through and slewe with the sworde them that were sicke of the plague and so pursued them that had not the plague that they droue out of the Countrey almost all the able men In a Parliament at London it was decréed that euerye Taxe Duke should pay ten markes to the King the Archbishops the like Earles Bishops and mitered Abbots shoulde giue sixe markes and euery Monke xl pence no religious person man or woman Parson Uicar or Chapleine escaped this taxe Iohn Mountfort Duke of Brytaine returned to his countrey where he was receyued with great honour A bushel of Wheate was solde for sixe pence a gallon of Anno reg 3. VVheat and VVine cheape white Wine sixe pence and a gallon of red Wine for foure pence Iohn Heylisdom William Barret the. 28. of September Sherifes Maior Tho. Walsing S. Iohn AruÌ„dale drovvned Iohn Hadley Grocer the. 28. of October Iohn of Arundale brother to the Earle of Arundale was sent to helpe the Duke of Brytaine with manye other noble knightes and Esquires who beginning their voyage wyth spoyling their own Countrey rauishing wiues widowes and Uirgins and robbing of Churches were by tempeste driuen on the rockes of a certaine Islande in Ireland when they were al most miserablye drowned with their treasure and prouisions which was of inestimable value Sir T. Banister Cro. Matoris Lon. sir Roger Trumpington sir Nicholas Kâ—riel sir Thomas Dale sir Iohn Sentcler and sixe other knightes perished there the sixtéenth of December In a Parliamente at London was graunted to the Kyng 1380 a tenth of the Ecclesiastical persons and a fiftéenth of the secular vpon condition that no other Parliament shoulde be holden from the Calendes of March til Michaelmasse A combat was foughte at Westminster in the kings presence A combat at VVestminster betwéene Iohn Ausley knight and Thomas Catrington Esquire whom the forsayde knight had appealed of treson for selling the Castel of Saint Sauiours whiche the Lord Chandos had builded in the I le of Constantine in France and the knight ouercame the Esquire Thomas of Woodstocke Earle of Buckingham Thomas Percy Hugh Caluerley Robert Knowles Lorde Basset sir Iohn Harleston William of Windsore approued and tryed Knightes were sent with a great power to ayde the Duke of Brytaine who were conuayed to Caleis and from thence rode aboute throughe Fraunce spoyling the Countrey and slaying the people to the borders of Brytaine and entred the same without losse eyther of man or beast In this iourney sir Iohn Philpot Citizen of London Iohn Philpot his good seruice deserued great commendations
might say The South windes warme did blow with heate pestiferous Pestilence And Pestilence did beare great rule in Cities populous For at London in short while it consumed aboue thirtie thousand men and women and in the Countrey Townes great mortalitie fell among the husbandmen so that great households dyed cleane vp and the houses were emptied About the fiftéenth day of August deceassed Sir Roberte Knowles Knight at his Manour of Sconethorp in Norffolke Sir Robert Knovvles Iohn Leyland he was brought to London and there honourably buried in the white Friers Church which he had newly reedifyed and builded This Sir Robert Knowles had bin a most valiant Captayne in the warres of France during the raigne of Edward the third and Richard the second whose force the Realme of France both felt and feared so did the Dukedome of Briteine Register of Bermondsey and all the people from hence to Spayne Of him in his life were made Uerses in Latin which may be englished thus O Robert Knowles most woorthy of fame Verses by thy prowesse France was made tame Thy manhoode made the Frenchmen to yeeld by dint of sword in towne and field This Sir Robert Knowles founded in the Towne of Colledge and Hospitall at Pontfract Pontfract a Colledge to the honor of the holy Trinitie with an Hospital ioyned therevnto In the which Colledge was placed a Mayster and 6. or 7. Priestes and in the Hospitall 13. poore men and women He was once minded to haue made this Colledge at his Manour of Sconethorp but at the request of Constance his wife a woman of meane birth and somtime of a dissolute life afore hir mariage he turned his purpose and made it in the very place of Pontfraite wher she was borne enduing the same with 180. pound lande by yeare He also builded the faire new greate bridge at Rochester ouer the riuer of Medeway with a Chappel and a chauntrie at the East end therof In the which chappel was sometime a table hanging wherein was noted the benefactours to that Bridge as followeth Sir Roberte Knoles founder of the Trinitie Chappell at Rochester Bridge Constaunce wife to Knowles Sir Iohn Cobham Lord principall benefactour to the making of Rochester Bridge Margaret wife to Cobham Thomas Boucher Cardinall Iohn Morton Archbishop Henrie Chicheley Archbishop Thomas Langley Bishop of Durham Iohn Langedon Bishop of Rochester Thomas Arundale Archbishop Sir Iohn Cornewal Lord Fanhap Richard Whittington William Cromer Geffrey Boleyne Maior of London Iohn Darby Draper Alderman of London William Midleton Mercer of London William Martin Justice Sir Willlam Nottingham chiefe Barron of the Exchequer William Wangforde Iohn Buckingham Bishop of Lincolne Iohn Kempe Bishop of London Sir William Richal Sir Iohn at Pole All these had giuen money or landes towards the building and repayring of the sayde Bridge Iohn Warner a Merchaunt of Rochester made the newe coping of Rochester Bridge and William Warham Archbyshop of Canter burie made the yron pikes and bars aboute the same coaping This sommer Henrie Prince of Wales besieged the Castel of Abrustwich but not long after Owen Glendouerdew Anno reg 9. Sherifes Maior entred into it and placed new kéepers Henrie Pontfract Henrie Halton the. 28. of September Sir William Stondon Grocer the. 28. of October In Nouember a Parliamente being called at London a taxe of money was leuied of the whole Realme This yeare was a sore and sharpe Winter and suche aboundance of Snow which continued December Januarie Februarie and March so that almoste all small Byrdes dyed through hunger and colde Whiles the King helde a great Counsell at London with the nobles of the Realme Henrie Earle of Northumberlande and Thomas Lorde Bardolfe came againe into England who after long iournying when they came to the Towne of Thriske they caused to bée proclaymed that who so woulde haue libertie shoulde take vp armour and weapon and follow them whervpon much people resorted to them but sir Thomas Rockley Sherife of Yorkeshire with other Knightes of that Countrey went against them and at Bramham Moore nere to Hasewold fought with them a great battayle and slew the Earle whose head was streyght wayes cutte off The Lord Bardolph was sore wounded and taken aliue but dyed shortly after This battayle was fought on the xviij day of February The Erles head was put on a stake and caryed openly through the Citie 1408 of London and set on London Bridge The Bishop of Bangor was taken with the Lordes but pardoned of his lyfe bycause he was not founde in armour The King wente to Yorke and there condemned such as transgressed confiscated their goods pacified the Countrey hanged the Abbot of Hayle who had bin in armour and returned to the South partes againe Upon the seuenth of September there were suche flouds of rayne as the olde men of that age had neuer séene before Edmunde Hollande Earle of Kent whilest he besieged the Castell of Briake in Brytaine he was wounded with an arrowe of a crossebowe in the heade notwithstanding he toke the Castel and destroied it to the ground and not long after his braines rotted and he died Anno reg 10 Sherifes Maior Thomas Ducke William Norton the. 28. of September Sir Drew Barentine Goldsmith the. 28. of October Aboute the feaste of Al Saintes the Cardinall of Burges came into Englande being sente from the Colledge of Cardinalles to informe the King and Cleargie of the vnconstaunte dealing of Pope Gregorie as also he had informed the Frenche King and his Cleargie and realme to the end that those two Kings might sette to theyr helping handes to induce the sayde Gregorie to obserue the othe he hadde made and that by the magnificence of those two Kings cōcorde mighte be made in the Church vnto the whiche businesse the Frenche Kyng hadde gladlye graunted and sente messengers vnto Pope Gregorie who notwythstandyng 1409 was obstinate The Kyng of Englande when hée vnderstoode the Cardinalles message hée commaunded that curtesie and gentle entertaymente shoulde be gyuen hym and offered to beare hys charges so long as hée woulde abyde in Englande After the feaste of the Epyphanye the Archebyshoppe of Canterburie caused to assemble at London all the Cleargye of the Realme to chose personages méete to go to the general counsel holdē at Pisa where vnto were chosen Roberte Holam Bishop of Salisburie Henrie Chiseley bishop of Saint Dauids and Thomas Chillingdon Prior of Christes Churche in Canterburie and the Kyng had sente before Iohn Coluile Knighte and mayster Nicholas Rixton Clearkes wyth letters to be giuen to thē And in y e letter to the Pope it was writtē most holy father c. if y e prouidēce of y e Apostolike sea wold vouchsafe to consider how gret harme and danger is sprong vp through out the whole worlde vnder pretence of Scisme and chiefly the destruction of Christian people whiche aboue the nūber as men say of 200000. are perished by the raging
Burgoigne with many other great Lordes alied with hym sought to conquere all for the yong King Henry of Englande who claymed then to be King of France and likewise in all Henry King of England and of France the money that was coyned the Axmes of both Realmes were quartered The Crownes that were stamped in the tyme of Charles and all other money more were forbidden to be currant and called to the Minte King Henry caused a péece to be stamped called a Salus worth two and twentie Shillings and Blans of eyghtpence a péece and so in no place of France where King Henry was obeyed any other money was receyued but suche as had the Armes of France and England stamped on it Charles Duke of Tourayne the Dolphin sonne to King Charles le biew ame clayming to be right inheritor to the Dolphin of France proclaymed King of France Realme of France by the auntient Edictes and customes of the sayde Realme as was alledged proclaymed himselfe King after the deceasse of hys father notwithstanding by the agréement made at the marriage of his Sister to the King of England it was otherwise concluded as before is recited and so there were two Kings in France Henry and Charles both which striuing for the Crowne the Realme Tvvo Kings of France Henry and Charles was in way of perdition A Parliament at London began the ninth of Nouember Parliament at London wherin was granted to the King a subsedie for thrée yeares fiue nobles of euery sacke of wooll that should passe out of the land This yeare the Weast Gate of London sometime called Nevvgate of London nevv builded Aâ—i S. Paul Lon. 1423 Chamberlaine Gate was begon to be new builded by the executors of Sir Richard Whitington late Maior of London King Charles of France began now to aduance himselfe into the D. of Burgoignes lands and the Connestable of Scotland accompanied with many Lords and men of war of K. Charles side layd séege to the towne of Carnens but the Marshall of Burgoigne assembled men of warre to raise the séege with whome went the Earle of Salisburie a valiant maÌ„ and The Earle of Salisburie vvan diuers holds in France and rased them now being come togither fought with their enimies wan the field tooke the Connestable whose sonne was slayne in the field Many of K. Charles men were slayne and taken to the number of tenne or twelue hundred good men of warre After whiche victorie the Earle of Salisburie layde séege to Montaguillon in Champeigne and continued there an eyght monethes before he could haue it rendred and then caused the same to be rased and throwne downe Then the Earle of Salisburie beséeged the Castell of Monnes which at length Anno reg 2. was yéelded to him this Castell he also rased bet downe which was the strongest place in all Champaigne it was after repaired by King Charles Nicholas Iames Thomas Wanford the 28. of Septemb Sherifes Maior Duke of Bedford married the Duke of Burgoignes daughter William Crowmar Draper the 28. of October About the same time the Duke of Burgoigne gaue his sister the Lady Anne in marriage to the Duke of Bedford and so the alliance was made more strong betwixt the English the Burgonians Phillip de Comines writeth that Iohn D. of Bedford was Phi. Comi Regent in France for the Englishmen his monethly allowaÌ„ce in that office amounting to 20000. Crownes at the least Also y â— Dukes of Burgoigne Bedford Britein met in y e town of Amiens there was also the Earle of Richmont brother to the Duke of Briteine and many other great Lordes whiche Earle of Richmont had married the Duke of Briteines eldest sister Margaret sometime wife to the Duke of Guyen and Dolphin of France These thrée Dukes were fiue or sixe dayes togither in Amiens in great friendship and reuerence each to other promising perpetuall amitie to continue After this the Duke of Briteine returned into his Countrey the Duke of Bedford Regent of France to Paris and the D. of Burgoigne to Arras but within a while after the Earle of Richmont reuolted to King Charles vpon some misliking he had conceyued against the Duke of Bedford King Charles receyued him ioyfully made him Connestable of France About the same time the Duke of Bedford caused Crotoy to be beséeged both by water and by land which after foure or fiue monethes séege was both Towne and Castell deliuered to the Duke where he ordeyned Ralph Butler to bée Captayne At that time the Duke of Bedford was obeyed as Regent in all places through Vimeu Pontieu and Picardy from Paris to Reins Chalons Troyes vp to the water of Loyre About the feast of Saint Andrew the Captaynes of King Charles assembled their forces about Le Fere and Nelle and tooke by night the Towne of Campeigne and spoyled the inhabitants of all their goodes Shortly after came the Duke of Bedford to Mondidier with twelue hundreth fighting meÌ„ and requested the Lord of Sanenses to lay séege to Campeigne and he woulde finde him men and money to wage them wherevnto he graunted and after fiftéene dayes séege had the same deliuered In the moneth of February Iames Steward the yong King of Scottes who was taken by the Englishmen in the King of Scottes releassed of imprisonment eyght yeare of King Henry the fourth and had remayned in England prisoner till this time was now deliuered and married in Saint Mary Oueryes Church in Southwarke to the Lady Iane daughter to Iohn Earle of Somerset Cousin to King Henry Sir Iohn Mortimer Knight was drawne to Tiborne and there hanged and quartered but his body was buryed in Saint Iohns Church at Clarkenwell King Henryes people beséeging the Castell of Dinry in 1424 the marches of Normandy they within compounded to yéeld at a day assigned if the Englishmen were not fought withall before the same day by the Frenchmen wherevpon as well King Charles as the Duke of Bedford made great leuies of men to kéepe the day appoynted and héerewith they drew both towards Yury but when King Charles heard how the The Battell of Vernole in Perche Duke of Bedford was comming towardes him with such a puissance he was counselled to draw backe and so he did towards Vernole in Perche whome the Duke of Bedford followed so that he found his armie néere to Vernole And when eyther armie was in sight of the other they put themselues in order of battell and the Englishmen made an hedge of their Horsse behind their battell bycause the French shoulde not strike in among them on the backes and the Frenchmen ordered themselues in battell array making a great battell of footemen in the which they put the floure and chiefest men They appoynted their Horssemen to set on the Englishmen a trauerse the battayles on foote came vpon and ioyned where was a sore fight betwixt them continuing two houres togither that no
passed ouer to Caleis and streight from thence to Lâ—â—â— in Artois and so into Henault making no outrage as he passed through Duke Phillips Countreys At their comming into Henault many townes obeyed theÌ„ and other refused â—â— to do likewise were y â— Nobles diuided The D. of Burgoigne hearing of this was sore offended for the iniurie done to his Cousin of Brabant the dishonor of his Cousin the Duchâ—â— Iaqueline and the euill dealing of the Duke of Glocester A third cause of the amitie to be broken betvvixt England and Burgoigne and the losse of many Tovvnes in France and therefore to ayde the Duke of Brabant he appoynted many of his Captaynes with xij C. fighting meÌ„ Pickards to go against the Duke of Glocester The Duke of Brabant was a man but of weake complexion and therefore by the Counsell of Brabant it was ordeyned that his yonger brother Philip Earle of Saint Pol should be chiefe Captayne of the warre against the Duke of Glocester He had a great Armye as the more part of the Nobles of Brabant of Henalt and of Burgoigne in all 50000. Piere de Luxenburge Earle of Conuarson his néere kinsman had the leading of the Armie for himselfe was but yong The Duke of Burgoigne had put of his men in garrison within the towne of Braine in the Countie of Henault who made sore warre to the Countrey about but the Earle of Saint Pol and Conuarson did come and beséege Braine continuing afore it twelue dayes before they within yéelded compounding to departe with bodyes and goodes saued these hauing wonne Braine destroyde it vtterly and that done tooke the Field with all puissance which was great and the Duke of Glocester likewise came into the fielde so that they approched néere togither and the vauntcurrers skirmished but the battayle ioyned not The Duke of Glocester had sent his Heraulte and Humfrey Duke of Glocester chalengeth the Combate vvith Phillip Duke of Burgoigne written to the Duke of Burgoigne calling him Traytor and disloyall to the King of England and France for that he had sente men in ayde against him and offered him the Combate wherevnto the Duke of Burgoine aunswered that hée would accept the Combate denying that euer he had fayled of his promise but that the Duke of Glocester had done great wrong to the Duke of Brabant to haue bereft him of his wife contrarye to the ordinance of God and of holye Church and for other wordes which the Duke had vttered against the Duke of Burgoignes honor he gaue him the lye and so farre the matter went in words betwixt them that the day was appoynted for the Combate and the Duke of Burgoigne chose for Iudge of the Combate the Emperour of Almayne and the Duke of Burgoigne sent the Duke of Glocester a safeconduct to departe safely into England to prepare himselfe of things necessarie for the Combate wherevpon both the Campes brake vp the Duke of Glocester wente to Mons in Henalt to the Duches his wife so tearmed gaue hir to vnderstand that he was desirous to trie the Combate with the Duke of Burgoigne and many other things he told hir which he performed not for within four dayes after he tooke all his power with him and returned into EnglaÌ„d and left the Duches in Mons smally accoÌ„panyed with y e people of that Countrey Shortly after his departure the Duke of Burgoigne sent the Lord Lilladam to the Towne of Mens to receyue Iaqueline the Duches who being deliuered vnto him he conueyed hir to Gaunt where the Duke and she made great semblance of ioy togither she promising to bée gouerned alwayes by his aduise but to goe to hir olde husband the Duke of Brabant she would not and when she espied hir time she stale away into hir Countrey of Holland where she was well receyued of many Lordes and began forthwith to mainteyne warre against Duke Philip of Burgoigne and sent to the Duke of Glocester for ayd who sente to hir a thousand fighting men vnder the conduct of the Lorde Fitzwaters The Duke of Burgoigne fearing least Iaqueline would deliuer the Countrey of Holland into the possessioÌ„ of the D. of Glocester he assembled his power and wente into Holland to put the CouÌ„trey into obeysance At his comming thither Iaqueline accompanyed with many Nobles of the Countrey and the Lord Fitzwaters woulde haue defended his landing but notwithstanding al the defence they could make he entred vpoÌ„ theÌ„ there néere to y e Towne of Brusseils they ioyned in battaile the D. of Burgoigne his people against the Englishmen Hollanders taking y e Duches Iaquelines part there was a fierce battayle on all sides but in the end the Hollanders and Englishmen were all discomfited and there dyed in that place aboue seauen or eight hundred besides those that were taken prisoners the Lord Fitzwater hardly escaped After this battell gote by the Duke of Burgoigne 1425 diuers Townes of the Countrey reuolted to him against Iaqueline the Duches as Dordrecht Sericzee and many other Shortly after the Duke of Burgoigne leauing garrisons in those Townes that obeyed him to make resistaÌ„ce against the Duches that lay in the Towne of Gaunt hée returned into his Countrey of Flanders and Artoyes there to prepare such abiliments as were necessary for him to vse at the Combate appoynted betwixt him and the Duke of Glocester The Duke of Glocester likewise in England made his pronision of his habilimentes and furniture but the Duke of Bedforde brother to the Duke of Glocester tooke greate paynes to make them friends and also the counsell of the yong King of England were nothing content with this variance doubting least it might be occasion that the Duke of Burgoigne mighte withdrawe himselfe from their amitie whereby their businesse in France should be hindered The Duke of Bedford therefore tooke hys iourney from Paris to Caleis and so into Englande to the ende to agrée the sayde Anno reg 4. Dukes he tooke with him the Duches his wife and not past a four or fiue hundred men About Michaelmasse the Prince of Portugale came into England and was honorably receyued and feasted by the Kings Uncles William Mildred Iohn Brokell the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Rob. Fabian Iohn Couentry Mercer the 28. of October The morrow after Simon and Iudes day when the Maior of London had bin at Westminster to take hys charge as Debate betvveene the Duke of Glocester and the Bishop of VVinchester the custome is at suche tyme as hée was holding hys greate dinner hée was by the Duke of Glocester Lord Protector sent for in spéedie manner when hée came to hys presence he gaue to hym commaundement to sée the Citie were surely watched in the night following and so it was done On y e next morrow about ix of the clock certain seruaÌ„ts of y â— Bishop of Winchester brother to y e said Protector would haue entred the Citie by the
and his Cardinalles 14â—5 after long laboure coulde make no peace betwixte King Henry of England and France and Charles also named King of Fraunce they at length made a peace betwixte the said Charles and Philip Duke of Burgoigne whereby the said Duke of Burgoigne became vtter enimy to the King of England and soone after the said Duke beganne his order of the Lillie and the Golden fléece and ordayned certaine Knightes of that order and made thervnto many Statuts wherof some of them were like vnto the Statutes of the Garter On the fourtéenth daye of September at Roan in Normandy dyed the noble Prince Iohn Duke of Bedforde and Regent of Fraunce and was after with great solemnitie â—â—ryed within the Churche of Noâ—ir Dame of the same â—itie Anno reg 14 Sherifes Maior Thomas Catworth Robert Clopton the. 28. of Septemb. Henry Frowike Mercer the 28. of October King Charles of Fraunce recouered the Citie of Paris and at Newyeares tide wanne the Towne of Harflewe and 1436 Sainct Denis and manye other Townes and holdes expellyng and murdering the Englishe people in greate number The nintéenth daye of Julye the Duke of Burgoigne wyth a great multitude of Burgonians and Flemmings appeared Caleis besieged before Caleis and there pight his pauilions and tentes at which season was Lieutenaunt of Caleis Sir Iohn Ratclife Knight and of the Castell was Lieutenant the Baron of Dudley this siege endured about thrée wéekes in whiche season many knightlye actes were done exercised on both partes On the second day of August the Duke of Glocester protectour Robert Fubâ—â—â— of Englande with 500. sayles as some write landed at Caleis and entended vppon the thirde day following to haue issued out of the Towne and to haue gyuen battel to the Flemmings but as testifyeth our Englishe writers so soone as the Duke of Burgoigne was ware of the great power of the Lorde Protector he toke with him of his ordinaunce that he might lightly carrye and the other that were cumberous he left behind When the Duke with his host was thus fledde the Lorde Protectour with his people followed hym into the Countrey by the space of eleauen dayes in whiche season he brente the two Townes of Popering and Bell and returned to Caleis and so into England This yeare was the Castel or Towne of Rokesborough in Scotlande besieged by the Kyng of Scottes but when hée Anno. reg â—â— hearde that Syr Ralph Graye Knyghte was commyng thyther with a competente number to remoue the siege anone he departed leauyng some parte of hys Ordinaunce behynde hym to hys greate shame and dishonour Thomas Norstede William Gregory the. 28. of Sep. Sherifes Maior Iohn Michel Fishmonger the. 28. of October The second of Januarie Quéene Katherin late wife to Henrie the fifth and mother to King Henrie the sixth dyed at Bermondsey and was buried at Westminster but being takeÌ„ Part of London bridge fel. vp againe in the raigne of Henrie the seauenth when he layde the foundation of his new Chappel there she was neuer buried since but lyeth still aboue ground in a Coffin of bordes behinde the East end of the Friers The. xiiij of Januarie at noone of the day the gate on LoÌ„don bridge wyth the Tower vpon it nexte to Southwarke fell down and two of the furdest Arches of the same bridge and no man perished Ralph Lord Cromwel erected the Colledge of Taâ—eshall 1437 Taâ—eshall Colledge in Lincolneshire King Henrie put downe the Maior of Norwich sente the Aldermen some to Linne some to Canterburie toke their fraÌ„chises into his hande and appointed Iohn Wels Alderman sometime Maior of London to be Warden of Norwich who so continued eight moneths as I haue red on his Monument in Saint Antholines Churche in London whiche Monument is nowe amongest manye other by lewde persons defaced The ninth of July Quéene Iane wife to King Henrie the fourth dyed at Hauering a Boure and was buried at Canterburie All the Lyons in the Tower of London dyed Anno reg 18 Sherifes Maior William Hales William Chapman the. 28. of Septemb. William Eastfielde Mercer the. 28. of October This William Eastfield Maior of his own costes caused to be builded the Water Conduite in Fleetestreete of London On Easter daye Iohn Gardener was taken conuaying 1438 Gardeneâ—brent the Sacrament from his mouth with a soule cloth after he had receyued the same at the Priests hande in Saint Marie at the Axe Churche of London for the whiche he was brent in Smithfielde the xiiij of May. Owen Tewther â—ouly hurting hys kéeper brake out of Newgate but was againe taken afterwarde thys Owen had priuilye as it was sayde maryed Quéene Katherin late wife to Henrie the fifth and had foure children by hir whiche was not knowen tyll she was dead and buried On the Uigil of Mary Magdalen the town of Nantwich in the Countie of Chester was pitifully consumed with fire A great dearth of corne for wheate was in some places Dearth of corne Anno reg 17 Sherifes Maior solde for two shillings sixe pence the Bushell Hugh Diker Nicholas Yoo the. 28. of September Stephen Browne Grocer the. 28. of October The fiue and twentith of Nouember a great winde dyd Great vvâ—nâ—es muche harme in manye places In London it bare muche leade of the Gray Friers Churche and almost blewe downe the one side of the stréete called the Olde Change so that the same was faine to be vnderset with Timber On New yeres day a stacke of woodde fell downe at Baynardes Castell and killed thrée men manye moe were sore hurte By fall of a Staire at Bedforde where the shire daye was kepte eightéene persons were slayne and manye moe hurte Richard Beauchampe Earle of Warwicke dyed at Roane in NormaÌ„die the last of May and the fourth of October next folowing his corpse was honourably conueyed as well by water as by land from Roane vnto Warwicke and there worshipfully buried in the Colledge of our Lady Church founded by his noble auncestours Wheate was sold at London for thrée shillings y e bushel Malt at thirtéen shillings y â— quarter Otes at eight pence the bushel which caused men to eate beans pease and barley more than in a hundred yeares before Anno reg 18 StruÌ„pets vvare Raye hoodes Manye Stumpets were sette on the Pyllerye and banyshed the Cytye excepte they ware theyr Raye hoodes Phillip Malpas Robert Marshal the 28. of September Sherifes â—â—ior Robert Large Mercer the. 28. of October In a Parliament at Reading it was ordayned that all Marchaunt straungers shoulde goe to host with Englishmen and to make sale of theyr Merchaundises and buy again what they woulde wythin the space of sixe monethes geuing theyr hoste for euerye twentye shillings worth two pence except the Esterlings And that euery housholder that Order for straungers was alien should pay to the King xuj. pence the yeare and euery seruant
the 13. poore men to be called minister to present the faultes of the other to the maister and to ring their common bell to seruice and to haue xvj pence the wéeke the other xij poore mâ— to haue euery of them xiiij pence y â— wéeke This house hath to name Gods house or the house of almes vnto the which he gaue iij. Manors Ramruge in Hampshire Conocke in Wilshire and Mershe in Buckinghamshire with their appurtenaunces Hospital at Donington Castle they also founded the Hospitall of Donnington Castle In the moneth of May the commons of Kent in great Iacke Cade Captaine of the rebels in Kent numbers assembled hauing to their Captaine Iacke Cade who named himselfe Mortimer cosin to the Duke of Yorke or as he was named of some Iohn amend all this Captaine brought a great number of people to the Blackcheath there kept the fielde more than a moneth pilling the countrey about to whom the Citie of London at that time was full fauourable And the said Captaine as I finde recorded sent for such Citizens of London as it pleased him to command to repayre vnto him vnder letters of safe conduct as followeth The safegard and signe manuell of the Captaine of Kent sent to Thomas Cocke Draper of London by the Captaine of the great assemble in Kent BY this our writing ensealed we grant and wil permit truly that Thomas Cocke of LondoÌ„ Draper shal come in good suertie and in safegard to our presence without any hurt of his person and so auoyde from vs againe at his pleasure with al other persoÌ„s assigned at his denominatioÌ„ with him comming in likewise The commaundement by the Capitaine of Kent sent vnto Thomas Cocke aboue sayd FOr your instruction first ye shall charge all Lumbardes strangers being marchaunts Ieneweâ—s Venetians Florentines and other this day to draw them together and to ordaine for vs the Captain xij Harnises complete of the best fashion xxiiij Brigandines xij battaile Axes xij Glaues vj. Horses with saddle and bridle completely harnessed and a thousande markes of readie money and if this oure demaund be not obserued and done we shall haue the heades of as many as we can get of them What answere to this demaund was returned I finde not but like it is the same was graunted and performed for I finde not thesaid Captaine and Kentishmen at their being in the Cittie to haue hurt any straunger In the meane time the King sent notable men to the sayd Captaine and his fellowship to knowe their purpose and the cause of their insurrection vnto whom the Captaine answered that he and his company were assembled there to redresse and reforme the wrongs that were done in the Realme and to withstand the malice of them that were destroyers of the common weale and to amend the defaultes of them that were chiefe counsellers to the King and shewed vnto them the articles of complaints touching the misgouernment of the realm wherein was nothing conteined but séemed reasonable wherof a copie was sent to the Parliament holden that time at Westminster with also one other byll of requestes by them made of things to be reformed and to haue answere thereof agayne but he had none The bill of Articles they intituled The complaint of the Commons of Kent and causes of the assembly on the Blackheath 1 Inprimis it is openly noysed that Kent shoulde be destroyed with a Royall power and made a wylde forest for the death of the Duke of Suffolke of which the Commons of Kent thereof were neuer guiltie 2 Item the King is styrred to lyue onely on his Commons and other men to haue the reuenues of the Crown the which hath caused pouertie in his excellencie and great paymentes of the people nowe late to the King graunted in his Parliament 3 Item that the Lordes of his Royall bloud béen put from his dayly presence and other meane persons of lower nature exalted and made chiefe of his Priuie Counsell the which stoppeth matters of wronges done in the Realme from his excellent audience and may not be redressed as lawe will but if bribes and giftes be messengers to the handes of the sayde Counsell 4 Item the people of his Realme be not payde of debts owing for stuffe and purueyaunce taken to the vse of the Kings housholde in vndoyng of the sayde people and the poore Commons of this Realme 5 Item the Kings meniall seruauntes of housholde and other persons asken dayly goods and lands of empeached or indited of treason the which the King graunteth anon ere they so endaungered be conuict The which canseth the receyuers thereof to enforge labours and meanes applyed to the death of such people so appeached or indited by subtyl meanes for couetyse of the sayde grauntes the people so empeached or indited though it be vntrue may not be committed to the Lawe for their deliueraunce but helde stil in prison to their vttermost vndoyng and destruction for couetyse of goods 6 Item though diuers of the poore people and Commons of the Realme haue neuer so great right trueth and perfite tytle to theyr lande yet by vntrue clayme of enfeffement made vnto diuers States Gentles and the Kings meniall seruauntes in maintenaunces againste the ryghte the true owners dare not holde clayme nor pursue their right 7 Item it is noysed by common voyces that the Kings landes in Fraunce bene aliened and put awaye from the Crowne and his Lordes and people there destroyed with vntrue meanes of treason of which it is desyred enquiries thorough all the Realme to bée made howe and by whom and if suche Traytors may be found guiltie them to haue execution of Lawe without any pardon in example of other 8 Item Collectors of the. xv pennie in Kent be greatly vexed and hurte in paying great summes of money in the Eschequere to sue out a Writ called Quorum nomina for the allowaunce of the Barons of the Ports which nowe is desyred that hereafter in the lieu of the Collectors the Barons aforesaide may sue it out for their ease at their owne costes 9 Item the Sherifes and Undersherifes let to ferme their offices and Bayliwikes taking great suertie therfore the which causeth extortions done by them by their Baylifes to the people 10 Item simple poore people that vse not hunting be greatly oppressed by inditements fained done by the saide Sherifes Undersherifes Baylifs and other of their assent to cause their encrease for paying of their said Ferme 11 Item they returne in names of Enquests in writing into diuers Courtes of the Kinges not somoned nor warned where through the people dayly léese great suÌ„mes of money welny to the vttermost of their vndoyng make leuie of amercementes called the Gréene Waxe more in summes of money than can be founde due of recorde in the Kings bookes 12 Item the ministers of the courte of Douer in Kent vexe and arest diuers people through all the Shire out of Castle
to beare weapon consydering he was out of hys natiue Countrey knowyng that in his Countrey no straunger was suffered to wear y â— like To the which questioÌ„ such answere was made by the straunger that the Merter toke from him hys dagger and brake it vpon his heade wherevpon the stranger complayned to the Maior who on the morrow sent for the yong man to y e Guilde Hall wherfore after his aunswere made vnto the complaynt by agréemente of a full Courte of AldermeÌ„ he was sent to ward and after the Court was finished the Maior and Sherifes walking homewarde thoroughe Cheape were there mette by suche a number of Mercers seruauntes and other that they mighte not passe for ought they coulde speake or doe till they hadde deliuered the yonug manne that before was by them sente to prison And the same daye in the afternoone sodainely was assembled a multitude of lewde and pore people of the City which without heade or guide ranne vnto certaine Italians houses and especially to the Florentines Lukesses and Venetians and there toke and spoyled what they founde and dyd great hurt in sundry places but moste in foure houses standing in Breadstreete warde whereof thrée stoode in Saint Bartholmewes Parishe the little and one in the Parish of Saint Beniâ—s Finke The Maior Aldermen and worshipful Commoners of the Citie with all theyr diligence resisted them what they coulde and sente diuerse of them to Newegate and fynallye not wythout shedding of bloude and mayming of diuerse Citizens the rumour was appeased The yong manne beginner of all thys businesse tooke Sanctuarie at Westminster and not long after the Duke of Buckingham with other noble menne were sente from the Kyng into the Cytie who there charged the Maior by Uertue of a Commission that inquirie shoulde hée made of thys ryot and so called an Oyer determyner at the Guilde Hall where satte for Judges the Maior as the Kyngs Lieuetenaunte the Duke of Buckingham on hys ryghte hande the chiefe Justice on the lefte hande and manye other men of name where whyle they were enpanelyng theyr inquestes the other Commons of the Citie manye of them secretly putte them in armour and ment to haue roong the common bell so to haue raysed the whole force of the Citie and so to haue deliuered such persons as before for the robberie were committed toward But this matter was discretely handled by the counsel and labour of some discrete Commoners which appeased their neighbours in such wise that all this furie was quenched but when worde was brought to the Duke of Buckingham that the commonaltie were in harnesse he with the other Lordes tooke leaue of the Maior and departed and so ceased the inquirie for that day Upon the morrow the Maior commaunded the common counsell with the Wardens of fellowships to appeare at the Guild Hall where by the Recorder in the Kings name and the Maiors was commaunded euery 〈…〉 den that in the afternoone eyther of them should asseÌ„ble his whole fellowship at their coÌ„mon Halles and there to giue straight commaundement that euery maÌ„ sée the kings peace kept within the Citie After which time the Citizens were brought to such quietnesse that after that day the enquirie was duly perused and. iij. persons for the said ryot put in execution and hanged at Tyborne whereof ij were Sanctuarie men of Saint Martins le graunde the other Anno reg 35 a shipman for robbing of Anthony Mowricine and other Lumbardes Iohn Steward Raph Verney the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Thomas Canings Grocer the 28. of October In the moneth of Nouember in the I le of Portland not farre from the towne of Weymouthe was séene a Cocke comming out of the Sea hauing a great crest vpoÌ„ his head and a great red beard and legges of halfe a yarde long he stoode on the water and crewe iij. times and euery time turned 1457 him about and beckened with his head toward the North the South and the West and was of colour like a Fesaunt Robert Fabian and when he had crowed iij. times he vanished away And shortly after were taken at Erithe within xij myles of London iiij great and wonderfull Fishes whereof one was called Mors Marina the second a Sworde Fishe the other two were Whales The. xxvitj day of August Peter Brice Steward of Normandie Iohn Maior with a flete of Frenchmen landed at Sandwiche and with fyre and sword wasted the Towne to ashes and slewe the inhabitauntes almost to the last man Also Fowey in Deuonshire was spoyled by Pirates in the moneth of August In this yeare was a great fray in the Northe Countrey Robert Fabian betwéene the Lorde Egremond and the Earle of Salisburies sonnes whereby many were maymed and slaine but in the ende the Lorde Egremonde was taken who was by the Kings Counsell found in great default and therefore condemned in great summes of mony to be payde to the Earle of Salisburie and in the meane time committed to Newgate Not long after this sir Thomas Percie Lord Egremount and sir Richard Percie his brother beyng prisoners in Newgate condemned in a great summe to the Earle of Salisburie as is aforesaid brake out of prison by night and went to the King the other prisoners tooke the leades of the gate and Regester of Maior defended it a long while against the Shriues and all their officers in so much that they were forced to call more ayde Anno reg 36 Sherifes Maior of the Citizens whereby they lastly subdued them William Edwards Thomas Reyner the 28. of September Godfrey Boleyne Mercer the 28. of October Maister Reginald Pecocke Byshop of Chichester a secular Doctor of Diuinitie that had labored many yéeres to translate the holy Scripture into Englishe was accused to haue passed the bonds of Diuinitie and of Christian beléefe in certaine Articles of the which he was conuict before the Archbyshoppe of Counterburie and other Byshoppes and Clerkes and after vtterly abiured reuoked and renounced those Articles openly at Paules Crosse in his mother tongue on the fourth day of December as followeth In the name of the Trinitie Father Sonne and holy Ghost I Reynold Pecocke Byshoppe of Chichester vnworthie of myne owne power and will without any manner coertion or dread coÌ„fesse and knowledge that I here before this time presuming of myne naturall witte and preferring my iudgement and naturall reason before the newe and the olde Testament and the authoritie and determination of our mother holy Churche haue helde written taught otherwise than the holy Romane and Uniuersall Churche teacheth preacheth or obserueth And one is against the true Catholike and Apostles faith I haue written taught and published many and diuers perilous doctrines bookes workes and writings conteining Heresies and errors contrarie to the fayth Catholike and determination of holye Church and especially these Heresies and errours following that is to say In primis quod non est de necessitate fidei
Thomas Harington Knighte Sir Thomas Neuil sonne to the Earle of Salisburie and Syr Henrie Ratforde Knight and other to the number of 2200. The Earle of Salisburie was taken aliue and ledde by the Duke of Somerset to the Castell of Pomfraite and had graunte of hys life for a greate summe of money but the common people of the Countrey whyche loued hym not toke hym out of the Castel by violence and smote off hys heade When the death of these Lordes was knowen â—â— the King he commaunded writs and commissions to be sent into the shires to the people and to goe againste the Rebelles into the Northe to suppresse them but they of the Northe came sodainelye downe to the Town of Dunstaple robbing all the Countrey and people as they came spoyling Abbayes Priories and Parish Churches bearing awaye Chalisses bookes ornamentes and other whatsoeuer was worth the carriage as thoughe they had bin Sarisens and no Christians againste whom the twelfth of Februarie the Duke of Norffolke and Suffolke the Erles of Warwicke and Arundale the Lord Bonuile and other with the King wente out of London towarde Saint Albons and when they heard that they of the Northe were so nyghe they tooke a fielde beside a little Towne called Sandriage not farre from Sainte Albons on Barnarde Heathe in a place called No mans Lande where the Kyng stoode and sawe hys menne slayne on bothe sydes tyll at the laste throughe the wythdrawyng manye of the Kentishmen with their Captaine Louelace that was the vaward King Henries parte lost the fielde the Lords fled and the King wente to Quéene Margaret that was come w t the Northerne men and hyr sonne Edwarde The Earle of Warwicke wente towarde the Earle of Marche that was comming towarde London out of Wales The Lord Bonuile woulde haue withdrawen him but the King assured hym to haue no bodylye harme neuerthelesse at the instance of the Quéene the Duke of Excester and the Earle of Deuonshire he was beheaded at Saint Albons and wyth hym Syr Thomas Kyriell of Kente This battayle was fought on Shroue Twesday the seauentéenth of February Exlibre Norwicensis in the whiche was slain 1916 persons The same day Thomas Thorpe Baron of the Exchequer was beheaded at High Gate by the commons of Kent Then the Citizens of London dreading the malice of the Quéene and the Duke of Somerset sente vnto them the Dutchesse of Buckingham with other to treate for to be beneuolent to the Citie for the which a summe of money was promised and that they shoulde come to the Citie wyth a certayne number of persons where vpon certayne speares and men of armes were sente to haue entred the Citie before the Dukes commyng whereof some were slayne some sore hurte and the remnaunte putte to flighte by the Commons who tooke the Keyes of the gates and manfully defended the Citie vntill the comming of Edwarde Earle of Marche where-throughe King Henrie wyth Quéene Margaret and the Northerne men were forced to return again Northwarde The thirde of Februarie Edwarde Earle of Marche foughte wyth the Welchmen beside Wigmore in Wales neare vnto Mortimers Crosse whose Captaynes were the Earle of Penbroke and the Earle of Wilshire where he put them to flight and slewe of the Welchemen aboute foure thousande Owen Tewther whome Iohn Leylande sayeth shoulde be called Meâ—â—dicke Father to the sayde Earle Penbroke whiche Owen hadde married Katherin mother to King Henrie the sixth was there taken and beheaded and afterward buried in the a Chapel of the Gray Friers Church in Hereforde the day before this battayle about tenne of the clocke before noone were séene thrée Suns in the firmameÌ„t shyning a like cleare which after closed togither all in one The eight and twentith of Februarie Edward Earle of March accompanied with the Erle of Warwicke a mightie power of Marchmen came vp to London where he was ioyfully receyued and on the seconde day of March being Sonday all hys hoste was mustered in Saint Iohns fielde where was redde among the people certaine Articles and pointes that King Henrie had offended in and then it was demanded of them whether the said Henrie were worthy to raigne still and the people cryed nay naye Then was it asked if they would haue the Erle of March to be theyr King and they sayde yea yea then certaine Captaynes were sente to Erle of March elected King the Earle of March at Baynardes Castel and tolde the Erle that the people had chosen him King whereof he thanked God and them and by the aduise of the Archbyshoppe of Canterburie the Byshoppe of Excester and the Earle of Warwicke wyth other hée tooke it vpon hym The Dutches of Yorke mother to Edwarde Earle of Marche fearing the fortune of the worlde sente hyr two yonger sonnes George and Richarde ouer the seas to the Citie of Vtricke in Almaine where they remayned tyll their elder brother had got the Crown Also Phillip Malpas Alderman of London Thomas Citizens of LoÌ„don fled Vaghan Esquire Maister William Atclife with many other fearing the Quéenes comming to London shypped them in a shippe of Antwerpe purposing to haue sayled thyther but by the way they were taken by a French shippe named the Colmapne and at length delyuered for greate raunsome Edwarde Earle of March being elected as is abouesaid Edvvard Erle of March toke on him the kingdome on the next morrowe went in procession at Paules and offered there and after Te Deum beyng sung he was with gret royaltie conueyed to Westminster and there in the Hall sette in the kings seate with Saint Edwards Scepter in his hand and then asked of the people if they would haue him King and they cryed yea yea Then after certaine homages by hym receyued he was with Procession conuayed into the Abbay there and sette in the Quire as King whyle Te Deum was singing that done he offered at Saint Edwardes Shryne and then returned by water vnto Saint Paules and was there lodged wythin the Bishops Pallaice Thus tooke he possession of the Realme vpon a Tuisday being the fourth of Marche and was proclaymed King of England by the name of Edward the fourthe when King Henrie hadde raigned thirtie yeares eight monthes and odde dayes ⸪ ¶ Edward Earle of March EDvvarde Earle of Marche borne at Roane sonne and heyre to Anno. reg 1 10. Rouse Richarde Duke of Yorke about the age of eightéene yeares began his raigne the fourth day of March by the name of Edward the fourth in the yeare 1460. he was a man of noble courage and greate wit but in his time was muche trouble vnquietnesse in the realme The twelfth of Marche Walter Walker a Grocer that VValter VValker beheaded dwelt in Cheape for words spoken touching King Edwarde was beheaded in Smithfield This Grocer is he whom Maister Hal mistaketh to be Burdet of whom ye shal finde in the xvij yeare of this King The same xij day of Marche in the afternoone
deliuered til he had paid 8000. â— to y e K. 800. â— to y e Quéene In the ende of August the Castle of Harlowe was wonne Harlovv Casâ—lâ— vvonne by the assaulte of the Lorde Herberd the which Castle was one of the strongest holdes in Wales This yéere many murmurous tales ran in the Citie betwene y e Earle of Warwike and the Quéenes blood y e which Earle was euer had in great fauour of the CoÌ„mons of this land by reason of y â— excéeding houshold which he dayly kept in all Countries where euer he soiourned or lay and when Earle of VVarvvike his house keeping he came to London he held such an house that vj. Oxen were eaten at a breakefast and euery Tauerne was full of his meate for who that had any acquaintance in that house he should haue had as much soden and rost as he might carrie vpon a long Dagger Simon Smith William Hanot the 28. of Sept. Sherifes Maior Cordvvainer streete discharged of fiftens Anno reg 19. William Tailour Grocer the 28. of October This W. Tailour gaue to y e Citie of London certaine tenements for the which y e Citie is bouÌ„d to pay for euer at euery fiftéene graunted to y e King for all such as shall dwell in Cordwainers stréete warde seised at xij d. a péece or vnder The Duke of Clarence went to Calleis there wedded Isable one of y e daughters to y e Earle of Warwike Sir Iohn Coniers 1469 knight Robert Hiltard who named himselfe Robin of Ridsedale other gathered an host of 20000. meÌ„ in y e North Robert of Ridsedale against whoÌ„ K. Edward sent W. Herbert late made Earle of Penbroke with 18000. Welch men and Humfrey Stafforde of Southroike late made Earle of Deuon w t 6000. good archers which ij Erles falling out for lodging in y e towne of BaÌ„bery Edgecote field HuÌ„frey Stafford departed w t his power wherby W. Herbert Richard Herbert his brother were ouercome taken by theÌ„ of the North 5000. saith Hall of the Welchmen slaine in a plaine called Danes more néere to y e towne of Edgecote iij. miles froÌ„ Baâ—bery y â— 26. of July The men of name slaine of y â— Welch party were sir Roger VaughaÌ„ knight Henry ap Morgan Tho. ap Richard VaughaÌ„ Esquier W. Herbert of Brecknocke Esquier Watkin Thomas son to Roger Vaughan InaÌ„ ap Iohn ap Meridik Dauy ap Iankin ap Limorik Harrisdon ap Pikton Iohn Done of Kidwelly Rice ap MorgaÌ„ ap VistoÌ„ Iankin Perot ap Scots Burg Iohn Euerard of Penbrokeshire Iohn Courtor of Hereford The NorthreÌ„ men of name slain were sir Henry Latimer sonne heire to y e Lord Latimer sir Roger Pigot Knight Iames Coniers sonne heire to sir Iohn Coniers Knight Oliuer Awdley Esquier Tho Wakes sonne heire to W. Mallerie Esquier Richard Woodvile Lord Riuers w t Iohn his sonne were takeÌ„ in y â— forest of Dene brought to NorthamptoÌ„ where they with sir W. Herbert Richard his brother were all iiij beheaded by y â— coÌ„maundement of y e duke of Clarence the Erle of Warwike T. Herbert was slaine at Bristow Humfry Stafford was by the commoÌ„s taken at Bridgewater and beheaded King Edwarde was taken at Vâ—nar a village beside Northampton by y e archbishop of Yorke brought to Warwicke Castell thence to Yorke from whence by faire promises he escaped came to London Richard Gardiner Robert Drope the 28 of September Sherifes Maior Richard Lee Grocer the 28. of October The 29. of Sept. Humfrey Neuile Knighte and Charles his brother were taken by the erle of Warwike beheaded at Yorke King Edward being present In the moneth of Anno reg 1â— March the L. Willoughby Rich. Lord Wels sir Roberte his son sir Tho. Delaband sir Tho. Dimoke the Kings Champion draue out of Lincolnshire sir Tho. Burgh a Knighte of the kings house pulled down his place and toke al his goods cattels with 30000 of the commons cried King Henrie K. Edward gaue Lorde Wels his pardon sente for him hauing him in custody coÌ„manded him vpon paine of death to cause the Lincolneshire men iâ— lay down their hoste and so he wrote but all in vaine Wherevpon the Lorde Wels head was cutte off King Edward sprinkeled the Lincolnshire men with his ordinance and slewe many of them Sir Robert Wels sir Thomas Delaband sir Thomas Dimoke were taken and beheaded beside Stamforde the 13. of March and the 19. day the Lorde Willoughbey was beheaded at Doncacter The Duke of Clarence and the Earle of Warwike fledde into Frâ—unce where they made a marriage betwixte Prince Edwarde sonne to King Henrie the sixth and one of the Earle of Warwikes daughters At this marriage was concluded that King Henry shoulde raigne againe and Prince Edwarde after him and for lacke of their heires George Duke of Clarence and his heires â—â— The. xiij day of Sept. George Duke of Clarence Iasper Earle of Penbroke Richard Earle of Warwike the Earle of Oxford with the bastard Fawconbridge and many other ariued at Plymmouth and an other sort at Dartmouth of whome the Earle of Penbroke went into Wales the other toward Excester proclaiming in the name of King Henry that all men betwixt the ages of xvj and. lx should be ready to assist the saide Lordes on the behalfe of King Henrie against King Edward Also on the Sonday next after the feast of Saint Michael the Archangell Doctor Godard preaching at Doctor Godard preached at Paules Crosse againste King Edvvarde Paules Crosse declared by the reading of byls and diuers other arguments and proofes that Henrie was true lawfull King of England and not King Edward Moreouer the Marques Mountacute who had gathered a. vj. thousand men in King Edwardes name and was come néere vnto the said Edward he told them how King Edward had serued him first making him Earle of Northumberland and after giuing the same Erledome to T. Percie made him Marques Mountacute allowing him a Pies neste to maintayne it with all wherefore he would leaue to serue him and take part with the Earle of Warwike his brother Whereof when King Edwarde vnderstoode he fled from his host besides Notingham King Edvvarde fled beyond the Seas and the. iij. day of October he with the Lorde Riuers Lorde Hastings his Chamberlaine the Lord Say and other to y e number of vij or viij Earles tooke shipping at Lynne Phil. Komâ—inâ—â— sayled toward the duke of Burgoigne his brother in lawe The Quéene had before that to wit on y â— first of October The Queene tooke sanctuary at VVestmâ—ster stolne secretly in y e night out of the Towre of London by water to Westminster there taken Sanctuary This time was great watch kept in y e Citie of London for the Kentishmen had Kentishmen robbed the Flemings chased â—hem oute of London assembled themselues in
great companies so had come to the outer part of the Citie as to Ratcliffe Saint Katherins Southwarke and other the suburbes and many of them were entred the Citie where they robbed the Flemings at Blanchapeltoâ— and other places making them to flye out of the Citie with sorrow ynough On Wednesday folowing the tower of London was yéelded The tovvre of London yéelded to the Mayor of London to the Mayor and his brethren the AldermeÌ„ who forthwith entred the same and delyuered King Henrie of his imprisonment and lodged him in the Kings loding On the Fryday following came to London the Archbyshoppe of Yorke brother to the Earle of Warwike the Lorde Prior of Saint Iohns and other to the number of 2000. men of armes On the morrow following came the Duke of Clarence the Earle of Warwike the bastard Fawconbridge with other to the number of foure thousand men On the. vj. day of October Iohn Fortescue the Duke of Clarence the Earle of Warwike the Archbishop of Yorke the Lorde of Saint Iohns with other entred the Towre of London and King Henrie being there prisoner K. H. restored nigh the space of nine yéeres they elected him to be their lawfull King and forthwith rode with him through London to the Bishops Pallace where he rested til the. xiij of October on which day he went a procession Crowned in Paules Church the Earle of Warwike bare his traine and y e Earle of Oxforde his sworde c. King Edward was proclaimed vsurper of the Crowne and Iohn Tiptoft Earle of Worcester was founde in the top of an high trée in the Forest of Wabridge in the Countie of Huntington and brought to London and beheaded at y e Towre hill and was buried at the Blacke Friers Iohn Crosby Iohn Ward the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Sir Iohn Stockton Mercer the 28. of October Sir Iohn Crosby Knight one of the late named Sherifes of London for this yeare deceased in Anno Domini 1475 Sir Iohn Crosby his giftes to the Citie and was buryed in the Parishe Churche of Saint Helen in Byshoppes gate stréete vnto the repayring of which Parishe Churche he gaue fiue hundred markes and. xxx pounde to be distributed to poore housholders in the warde of Byshops gate to the repayring of the Parish Church at Heneworth in Myddlesex fortie pounde to the repayring of London Wall one hundred pounde toward the making of a new Towre of stone at the South ende of London bridge if the same were begun by the Maior and commonaltie within x. yéeres next after his deceasse one hundred pounde to the reparations of Rochester bridge x. pound to euerie the prisoners in and about London liberally Also he gaue to the Wardens and Commonaltie of the Grocers in London two large pottes of Siluer chaced halfe guilte waying xitj. pounde v. ounces of Troy weyght to be occupyed in their common hall and else where at their discretions Quéene Elizabeth wyfe to Edward the fourth being in the Sanctuarie at Westminster Prince Ed. born in the SaÌ„ctuarie was deliuered of a Prince on the. iitj. of Nouember who was after King Edward the fifth King Edward with the Lord Hastings the Lorde Say ix hundred Englishmen iij. hundred Flemings would haue landed in Essex but there the Erle of Oxfordes brother put them Anno reg 11 off and after he landed sore weather beaten at Rauenesporne within Humber on Holdernesse and there rose on him Holdernesse 1471 men whose Captayne was sir Iohn Westerdale a Priest after cast into the Marshalsea at London As K. Edward passed the countrey he shewed y e Erle of Northumberlandes letters and Seale that sent for him saying that he came to claime no tytle of the Crowne but only his Dukedome of Yorke nor would not haue done afore but at y e exciting of the Erle of Warwike and cryed in euery place K. Henrie and Prince Edwarde wearing an Estriche Feather Prince Edwardes lyuerie King Edward came to Notingham where sir William Stanley syr William Norres and diuers other broughte him men so that he had then 4000. or more Then Edward marched towarde Lecester where the Earle of Warwike and Marques Mountacute had 4000 men and would haue fought with King Edwarde but that he had receyued letters from the Duke of Clarence that the should not fight vntill he came Whervpon he kéeping Lecester still suffered Edwarde to marche towarde London A 〈…〉 of Clarence with seuen thousand 〈…〉 Edward agréed to him brake all the promises made in Fraunce King Edwarde comming to London by Master Vrswike the Recorders meanes and others entred into the Byshoppe of Londons Palaice by a King Henry againe sent to the Tovver Posterne and there tooke King Henrie and the Archbyshop of Yorke and sent them both to the Towre on MauÌ„dye Thursday The Earle of Warwike the Duke of Excester the Marques Barnet field Mountacute the Earle of Oxford w e many Knights came with their host towarde Barnet Wherefore King Edward tooke King Henrie with him preoccupied y e town of Barnet all the night the Earle of Warwike his retinue remained on the plaine without the towne shooting guÌ„nes one at the other And in y e morning being Easter day and y e xiitj of Aprill they fought in a thick mist from iitj. of y e clock in the morning till x. diuers times the Earle of Warwikes men supposed that they had gotte the victorie of the fielde but it happened that y e Earle of Oxfords men had a starre w e streames both before behinde on their liueries and King Edwards men had the sunne with streames on their lyuery whervpon the Earle of Warwikes men by reason of the myst not well decerning the badges so lyke shot at the Earle of Oxfordes men that were on their owne parte and then the Earle of Oxforde and his men cryed treason and fled with eight hundred men The Marques Mountacute was priuily agréed wyth King Edwarde and had gotten on hys lyuerie but one of his brothers the Earle of Warwikes men espying this fell vppon him and killed him The Earle of Warwike séeing all this lepte on a horse to flye and comming to a woodde where was no passage one of Kyng Edwardes men came to hym kylled hym and spoyled hym to the naked skynne Sir William Tirrell Knyghte was kylled on the Earle of Warwikes â—â—rt The Duke of Excester fought manfully and was dissâ—â—yled wounded and lefte for deade from seuen in the morning tyll 4. of the clocke in the afternoone and then beyng brought to a seruauntes house of his there by called Ruthland he had a Chirurgion and after was conueyed into Westminster Sanctuarie The Lorde Cromwell sonne and heire to the Earle of Essex the Lord Barnes sonne and heire to the Lord Say were slaine on King Edwardes partie and on both partes to the number of foure thousande which were buryed on the same playne where
Mastes bound togither with iron bands for to holde them togither for it was an hundred and four and thirtie â—ote of length and cost sixe pound thirtéene shillings foure pence to set it vpright The Banqueting house was couered â—uer with Canuas fastned with ropes and iron as fast as might be deuised And within the sayd house was paynted the Heauens with Starres Sunne Moone and Clowdes with diuers other things made aboue ouer mens heads and ther were great Images of wickers couered and made like great men of diuers strange Nations and diuers reasons were written by them of the Countreys that they were likened to be off and the Armes of those Countreys hanging by them Also there was made as it were many ships vnder sayle and Windmilles going and about the high piller of timber that stoode vpright in the midst was made Stages of Timber for Organs and other instruments to stande on men to play on them and for other Musitions and Pageants to be playde when the King of England and the Emperour should be at their Banquet but in the morning of the same day the winde beganne to rise and at night blew off all the Canuas and all the elements with Banqueting house defaced by tempest the Starres Sunne Moone and Clowdes and the wind blew out aboue a thousand Torches and other lightes of waxe that were prepared to giue light to the Banquet and all the Kings seates that were made with great riches besides all other things were all dashed and lost The same night the King with fiftéene persons more were richly apparelled and in a Maske went to the Emperours lodging and in the Chamber of presence daunced and reuelled and then departed On the twelfth of July the Emperour and the Lady Margaret supped with the King and the Quéene at the Checker where the same night were eyght companyes of Maskers and euery company twelue persons all in Gold Siluer and Ueluet richly apparelled The fourtéenth of July the Emperour departed from Caleis toward Grauelin The eyghtéenth of July the King of Englande with the Quéene departed from Caleis towards Calbais Iohn Skeuington Mer. Taylor Iohn Kyeme the 28. of Sep. Sherifes Maior Sir Iohn Bruges Draper the 28. of October King Henry kepte his Christmas at his Manour of Greenewich with much noblenesse and open Court and the tenth day of February in his owne person iusted with all commers In this time Edward Duke of Buckingham was accused Duke of Buckingham accused 1521 of high Treason wherefore the King directed his letters to the sayd Duke béeing at hys Manour of Thornebury in Glocestershire that incontinent he should come to his presence which commandement the Duke obeyed and came vpto Anno reg 13 London where he was streightwayes arrested by Sir Henry Merney Captayne of the Gard and conuayde to the Tower of London on the sixtéenth of Aprill before whiche time the Dukes Chancellour was taken which had confessed matter of high Treason concerning the Kings person There was also attached a Monke of the order of the Carthusians being of Henton Priory and Iohn Delaker the Dukes Confessor all these were prisoners in the Tower Shortly after the Duke was arraigned at Westminster the Duke of Norffolke sitting as chiefe Judge There were brought foorth against him witnesses Sir Gilbert Perke his Chancellour Iohn de la Court his confessor Charles Kneuet Esquire and a Monke Prior of Henton which had diuers times sayde to the Duke that he should be King of England Diuers presumptions were layd to him by Charles Kneuet which he would fayne haue couered but in the ende he was found giltie and had iudgement to be drawne hanged and quartered and on the seauentéenth day of May about eleuen of the clocke the sayd Edward Duke of Duke of Buckingham beheaded Buckingham Earle of Hereford Stafford and Northampton was beheaded on the Tower hill and his body buryed in the Friers Augustines Church such is the ende of ambition the credite of false prophecies and of euill life This Duke had begonne a great and sumptuous building at his Manour of Thornebury but left the same vnfinished He made a faire Parke hard by the same building for the which he tooke in much faire and fruitefull ground Also another Parke at East wood one mile off he enlarged at two times to the compas of sixe miles for the whiche déede and suche like he had many a cursse of the poore tenants Iohn Leyland The seconde daye of August Cardinall Wolsey passed Thomas VVolsey Cardinall vvent Embassador ouer from Douer to Caleis to treate a peace betwixte the French King and the Emperour and returned agayne to Caleis in the latter end of Nouember and from thence tooke his iourney to Blechingly where the King welcomed him and gaue him thankes for his great paynes King Henry wrote a Booke against Luther in Germany King Henry vvrote againste Luther and therefore the Bishop of Rome Leo the tenth named him defender of the faith to which Booke Luther answered very sharply nothing sparing his authoritie or maiestie This yeare was a pestilence in this land especially at Pestilence London and a dearth of Corne for wheate was at London sold for twenty Shillings the quarter Iohn Britaine merchaÌ„t Taylor Th. Pargiter the 28. of Sep. Sherifes Maior Sir Iohn Milborne Draper the 28. of October This Sir Iohn Milborne builded certayne almes houses adioyning to the Crossed Friers in London wherein he placed thirtéene aged poore people who haue their dwelling â—entfrée and two shillings sixe pence the péece the firste day of euery moneth for euer The sixth of March the French King attached all Englishmens Frenchmen attached goodes at Burdeaux and deteyned the Kings tribute and the French Quéenes dower Also all Frenchmens bodies and goodes were attached at London This yeare betwéene Easter and Michaelmas was made a generall proscription of all the Realme of Englandâ— The twentith of May Cardinall Wolsey rode through London to Douer there to méete with the Emperour being 1522 accompanyed with two Earles sixe and thirtie Knightes an hundred Gentlemen eyght Bishops tenne Abbots Anno reg 14. Cardinall VVolsey thirtie Chapleins all in Ueluet Satten and 700. yomen Charles the fifth Emperour came into England and was honourably receyued into London by the Maior Aldermen The Emperour came to London and Commons of the Citie the sixth of June the King accompanying him xj Pageants were made in the Citie and the Crosse in Cheape new gilt From thence he wente to Windsore and sate in the Stall of the Garter After great feastes iustes and honourable entertainement he departed to Hampton and sayled from thence into Spayne During this time the Earle of Surrey Lord Admirall brent Morles in Briteine and then returned not long after he passed ouer to Caleis entred Picardy and brente diuers Townes and Castels He beséeged Hesding but bycause Winter was néere he raysed his séege
diligent sâ—ruice I wil remember hereafter and therefore I meane to declare the same directly to the King Secondly to shewe you the nature of the Frenche men And thirdely to instructe you howe and with what reuerence yée shall vse me for the honor of the Kings Maiestie and then to enforme you howe ye shall entertaine and accompanye the Frenche men when ye shall méete at anye time The first poynt ye shall vnderstand that the Kings Maiestie for certaine waightie affaires of his Graces hathe for more aduauncement of his royall dignitie assigned me to be in this iorney his lieuetenant and what reuerence belongeth to the same I will tell you for my parte I muste by vertue of my Commission and Lieuetenantship asâ—ume and take vppon me to be estéemed in all honor and degrées of seruice as to his Highnesse presence is méete and due and that by me nothyng to be neglected that to hys royall estate is due and appertinent And for my parte yée shall sée me that I wyll not omit one iote thereof Therefore bycause that ye shal not be ignorant of your dutie in this case as one of the chiefe causes of this youre assembly willing you as you will haue my fauour and also charge you in the kings name that ye doe not forget the same in time and place but that euerye one of you do obserue your duety vnto me accordingly as ye wâ—â— at your return auoide the kings â—â—â—â—gnation or obtaine and deserue hys highnesse thankes the whiche I will sette forth as eache of you shall deserue Nowe to the seconde point the nature of the Frenche men is suche that at the firste méeting they will be as familiar with you as they had bin acquainted wyth you long before and commune with you in their Frenche tongue as though ye vnderstoode euerye worde therefore vse them in like maner and be as familiar with them as they be wyth you If they speake in their natural tongue speake you agayne vnto them in the Englishe tongue For if you vnderstande not them no more shall they vnderstande you and speakyng merilye to one of the Gentlemenne there being a Welche manne sayde Rice quoth hée speake you Welche to them I doubt not but that thy speache shall be more defuse to hym than hys Frenche shal be to â—hée And thus quoth he againe to them all lette all youre entertainement and behauior be according to the order of all gentlenesse and humilitie that it may be reported after your departure from thence that ye be Gentlemen of right good behauiour and of muche gentlenesse and that ye are men who knowe your dueties to your Soueraigne Lord and to your Maister estéeming muche youre greate reuerence Thus shall ye not onelye obtaine to youre selues greate commendation and praise for the same but also aduaunce the honor of your Prince and Countrey Nowe go your wayes being admonished of al these pointes and prepare your selues againste to morrowe for then we intende God willing to set forwarde The nexte morrowe béeing Mary Magdalens day all thyngs béeing furnished the Cardinal aduanced out of Calleis wyth suche a number of blacke Ueluet Coates as hath béene seldome séene with an Embassador al the Péeres of Calleis and Guisnes with al other Gentlemen besides his traine béeyng garnished in blacke Ueluet Coates and Chaines of Golde Thus passed hée forwarde wyth his traine of Gentlemen before him thrée in a rancke which by supposall endured thrée quarters of a myle or more in length hauyng his Crosses and all other his accustomed and glorious furniture carryed before him as I haue before rehearsed excepte the broade Seale the whyche he lefte in Calleis wyth Doctour Taylour then Maister of the Rolles vntil his returne Passing thus on hys way and being scantly rydden a myle it beganne to raine so vehemently as lightly had not béene séene the like whyche endured vntill they came to Boloinge and ere they came to Sandingfielde the Cardinal of Loraine a goodly yong Gentleman encountred the Cardinall of Englande and receyued him with great ioy and reuerence and so passed forth wyth the Cardinal in communication vntil they came nigh vnto the saide Sandingfielde whych was a place of Religion standing betwéene the Englishe-Frenche and the Emperours dominions beyng a Newter holding of neyther of them There awayted for him Le Countie Brian Capitaine of Pycardie with a greate number of Sâ—radiates or Albenois standyng in arraye in a greate péece of gréene Oates all in harnesse vpon high horses passing on with the Cardinall in a wing vnto Bolongne and so after throughe Picardie â—â—â— the Cardinal doubted somewhat the Emperour that he should lay some ambush to betray hym for whyche cause the French Kyng commaunded them to attende vppon hym for the assuraunce of his person Thus rode he vntil he came within one Englishe myle of Bolongne where encountred hym the Worshipfull Citizens of the Towne of Bolongne hauing a learned man that made vnto hym an Oration in Latine vnto the whyche the Cardinall semblably made answeare And that done Monsieur de Bees Capitaine of Bolongne with the retinue there of Gentlemen mette wyth him on horsebacke and then with al this assembly he rode into the town lighting at the Abbey gate and from thence conueyed wyth Procession into the Abbey Churche there offered then went he into the Abbey to hys lodging and all his traine were lodged in the high and base townes The next morning after hée rode to Mutterell Ser Lemere where he was in like case encountred with the Worshipful of the Towne al in one Lyuerie hauing a learned man to make an Oration vnto theÌ„ in Latine whome he aunswered also again in Latine And as he entred in at the Gates there was a Canapie made readie of silke embrodered with letters Hat euen as his men had on their Coates and when that he was lighted his footemen had the same as a Fée due to the office Nowe was there made dyuers Pageants for the ioy of his comming who was called in the Frenche tong there and in al other places throughe the Realme where he rode or came Le Cardinall Pacifique The nexte daye hée tooke hys iourney towardes Abvile where hée was encountred wyth diuers Gentlemen of the Towne and Countrey and so receyâ—ed into the towne with Pageants as he rode thorough the towne hauing a lyke Canapie borne ouer him but more richer and so broughte to hys lodgyâ—g in thys Towne he remayned more than eyght dayes where resorted to him dayly diuers of the Frenche Kings Counsell sitting with him in counsell euerye daye and continually feasting him and other When the time came of hys departing out of the Towne he rode to the Castell beyonde the water of Some called Le Chanel de Picqiny adioyning to the saide watch vpon a Rocke wythin the whyche there was a Colledge of Priests the scituation whereof was much like vnto the Castel of Windsore and there he was receiued with
in the Abbey the next day to Peterborow and there lodged in the Abbey where he abode all the next wéeke where he kept hys Easter his traine was in number 160. persons vpon MauÌ„die Thurseday he made his Maundy there hauing 59. pore meÌ„ whose féete he washed gaue euery one xij d. in money iij. elles of good Canuas a paire of shoes a cast of redde hearings and iij. white hearings and one of them had ij sÌ„ On Thurseday next after Easter he remoued to Maister Fitz Williams sometime a Merchant Taylor of London and then of the Kings Councell the next wéeke he remoued to Stamford the next day to Grantham the nexte day to Newarke and lodged in the Castell that night and the next day also from thence he rode to Southwell where he continued most part of all that Sommer vntill the latter end of grasse time and then he rode to Scroby where he continued vntill Michaelmasse and then to Cawood Castell within seauen miles of Yorke whereof we will speake more héereafter The xvj of May a maÌ„ was hanged in chaines in Finsburie 1530 field for murthering Doctor Miles Uicar of S. Brides The xxv of May K. Henry commanded the Bishops to call in Anno reg 22 Tindals translatioÌ„ of the new Testament and to sée another truly translated to be set forth K. Henry vpon occasion of Suite to the Court of Rome forbidden delay made by the Pope in his controuersie of diuorcement and through displeasure of such reports as he heard had bin made of him to y e Court of Rome thirdly pricked forward by some counsellers to follow y e example of y e Germanes caused proclamatioÌ„ to be made the xix of September forbidding al his subiects to purchase any maner of thing from the Court of Rome This yeare Ralph Rowlet was againe chosen Election of the Sheriffe Sheriffe for y e coÌ„mons and he would not take it vpon him but went to Saint Albons then on Michaelmasse euen was chosen Robert Amadas Goldsmith and the King wrote for him so that he was excused On the morrow which was Michaelmasse day was chosen Richard Choppin Tallow Sheriffe elected on Michael mas day Chandler who was forthwith sworne in the Guild hall and changed into a Gowne and Cloake of Scarlet wyth a theine of Gold about his necke and a Horse being prepared for him ready at y e Guild Hall Gate he rode to Westminster William Dauntsey Richard Choppin the 28. of Septemb. Sherifes Maior Thomas Pergeter Salter the 28. of October The iiij and v. of Nouember was a great wind y â— blew downe many houses and trées after the which winde followed so high a tide that it drowned the marshes on Essex side and Kent with the I le of Thanet and other places destroying much Cattell Cardinall Wolsey lying at Cawood helde there an honourable and plentifull house for all commers and also built and repaired the Castell which was greatly in decay hauing artificers and labourers aboue 300. persons dayly in wages and at length being therevnto perswaded by y e Doctors of y e Church of Yorke he determined to be stauled there at Yorke Minster the next Monday after Alhallowen day against which time due preparation was made for the same but not in such sumptuous wise as his predecessors before him had vsed The day being once knowne vnto the worshipfull GentlemeÌ„ of the Countrey and other as Abbots Priors hauing notice of his staulatioÌ„ they sent in such prouision of victuall that it is almost incredible all whiche was vnknowne to the Cardinall for as much as he was preuented and disappoynted of his purpose by the reason that he was arrested of high Treason as yée shall héereafter heare so that most parte of this former prouision that I spake of was sent vnto Yorke the same day of his arrest and the next day following for his arrest was kept as close as could be the order of his arrest was thus It was appoynted by the King and Counsell that Sir Walter Walsh Knight one of the Kings priuie Chamber shoulde be sente downe with a Commission into the North vnto the Earle of Northumberland who was sometime brought vp in house with the Cardinall and they twaine being ioyntly in commissioÌ„ to arrest the Cardinall of high Treason Mayster Walsh tooke his Horsse at the Court gate about noone vpon Alhallowen day towarde the Earle of Northumberland And now haue I occasion to declare what happened aboute the same time which peraduenture signified the troubles following to the Cardinall The Cardinall sitting at Dinner vpon Alhallowen day hauing at his boordes ende dyuers Chaplaynes sitting at dinner ye shall vnderstand that the Cardinalles great crosse stoode in a corner at the tables end leaning against the hanging and when the bordes end was taken vp and a conuenient time for the Chaplaines to arise one Doctor Augustine a Venetian and Phisition to the Cardinall rising from the table with the other hauing vppon him a great gowne of boysteous Ueluet ouerthrew the Crosse whiche â—rayling downe along the tappet with the point of one of the Crosses brake Doctor Bonars head that Doctor Bonars head broke the bloud ran downe the company there standing greatly astonied with the chance The Cardinall perceyuing the same demanded what the matter meant of their sodeine amaze and they shewed him of the fall of his Crosse vppon Doctor Bonars head hath it quoth he drawne any bloud yea forsooth my Lord quoth they with that he cast his head aside and said shaking his head Malum omen and therewith said Grace and rose from the Table went to his Chamber Now marke the significatioÌ„ how the Cardinal expounded this matter at Pomfret after his fall First ye shall vnderstand that the Crosse which he bare as Archbishop of Yorke signified himselfe and Augustine the Phisition who ouerthrewe the Crosse was only he that accused the Cardinall whereby his enimies caught an occasion to ouerthrow him it fell vpon Doctor Bonars head who was Mayster of the Cardinals faculties and spirituall iurisdictions was then damnified by the ouerthrow of the Crosse yea moreouer drawing bloud of him betokened death which shortly after did ensue About which time of this mischance the same very day and season Maister Walsh tooke his Horsse at the Court as nigh as could be iudged Now the appointed time drew néere of his staulation and sitting at Dinner vpon the Friday next before the Monday on the which day he intended to be stauled at Yorke the Earle of Northumberland and Mayster Wâ—â—sâ— with a great company of Gentlemen of the Earles house and of the Countrey whome he had gathered togither in the Kings name came into y e Hall aâ— Cawod the Officers being at Dinner and the Cardinall not fully dined being then in his fruites The first thing y t y e Earle did after he had set order in the hall he commaÌ„ded Cardinall aâ—rested the
miles of length and gaue twentie pound in money toward the making of Roytton bridge thrée miles from Couentrie He made the high way to Kâ—lborne néere to London He made foure Bridges two of them of stone conteyning eyghtéene Arches in them both the one ouer the â—iâ—er of Seuerne called Aâ—â—â—â— bridge the other Terne bridge for that the water of Terne runneth vnder it the other two of Timber at Stoke and built a good part of Stoke Church He builded one notable Fréeschoole at Drayton in Shropshire Freeschoole at Drayton in Shropshire with Mayster and â—â—â—â—er and sufficient stipends for them both besides conuenient Lodgings for the same He also purchased a frée Faire to the sayd Towne with a frée market wéekely and a frée market for Cattell euery fourtéene dayes He gaue to the Hospitall of Christes Church in London in Gift to Christes hospitall his life time fiue hundred pound in ready money and a hundred pound at his deceasse The xxix of Nouember Robert Kete and William Kete Robert Kete and VVilliam Kete hanged his brother were deliuered out of the Tower of London to Sir Edmond Windham Knight and Sheriffe of Norffolke to be conueyed to Norwich where Robert Kete was hanged in theynes on the toppe of Norwich Castell and William Kete likewise hanged on the toppe of Windam Stéeple In December the Scottes tooke Burticragge in Scotland and Holds in Scotland lost other holdes then possessed by Englishmen where they slew man woman and child except Sir Iohn Lutterell the Captayne whome they tooke prisoner The xix of January Sir Iohn Russell Lord priuie Seale States created was created Earle of Bedford and Lord Saint Iohn Lorde great Mayster was created Earle of Wilshire and Sir William Paget Comptroller of the Kings house was made Lord Paget The same day at night were murthered by Saint Pulchers Peter Gambo and another Captayne murthered Church against the Kings head without Newgate of London two Captaynes that had serued the King at Boloigne and else where the one was Sir Peter Gambo the other Filicirga which murther was committed by Charles Gauaro a Fleming who came post from Berwike to do that acte on the morrow he with thrée of his company was taken in Smithfield by the Lorde Paget and sent to Newgate and the four and twentith of January they were all four Charles Gauaro and other hanged Gauaro Balthasar Gauaro Nicholas Disalueron and Francis Deualasco had in a Cart to Smithfield and by the way at the place where the murther was done Charles Gauaro had his right hand striken off on the Cart whéele and then all hanged in Smithfield The xxij of January Iohn Earle of Bâ—â—ford William 〈…〉 Paget 〈…〉 William Peter Knight one of the Kings Secretaries and Sir Iohn Mason Knight chiefe Clearkâ— of the Counsell were sent into France Embassadors to the French King The xxvij of January Humfrey Arundell Esquier Thomas Anno reg 4. Rebels executed Holmes Winslow and Bery Captaynes of the Rebels in Deuonshire were hanged and quartered at Tiborne On Candlemasse day William Lord Saint Iohn Earle Nevv Officers of Wilshire Lord great maister and president of the Counsell was made Lord Treasurer Iohn Dudley Earle of Warwike Lord great Chamberlayne was made Lord great maister William Parre Marques of Northampton was made Lord great Chamberlayne Lord Wentworth was made Lord Chamberlain of houshold Sir Anthony Wing field Captayne of the Gard was made Comptroller of the Kings house and Sir Thomas Darcy Knight was made Uizchamberlayne and Captayne of the Gard and the Earle of Arundell late Lord Chamberlaine with the Earle of Southampton were put off the Councell and commaunded to kéepe their houses in London The vj. of February the Duke of Somerset was deliuered out of the Tower and that night he supped at Sir Iohn Duke of Somerset deliuered Yorkes one of the Sheriffes of London The x. of February one Bell a Suffolke man was hanged and quartered at Tiborne for mouing a new Rebellion in Suffolke and Essex The last of March a generall peace was proclaymed betwéene 1550 Peace proclaymed The liberties of Southvvarke purchased the Kings of England France the Emperour the Scottes This time the Lord Maior of London and the Aldermen purchased all the liberties of Southwarke which was in the Kings hands The xij of Aprill Doctor Nicholas Ridley late Bishop of Rochester was enstalled Bishop of London at Powles Boloigne yeelded to the French The xxv of Aprill the Towne of Boloigne was yéelded â—â— the French â—ing The second of May Ioan Knell alias Butcher or Ioan of Ioan â—utcher brent Kent was brent in Smithfield for Heresie that Christ tooke no flesh of the virgin Mary Richard Lion Goddard Gorran and Richard Irelande Rebels of Kent executed were executed the xiiij of May for attempting a new Rebellion in Kent On Wednesday in Whitson wéeke at a Court of Aldermen kept at the Guild hall Sir Iohn Aliffe Knight and mayster Alderman of Southvvarke of Backewell hall was sworne Alderman of the Bridgewarde without to haue the iurisdiction of the Bourow of Southwarke and thus was he the first Alderman that euer was there who made vp the number of xxvj Aldermen of London whereas before that time had bin but xxv Trinitie Tearme was adiourned till Michaelmas for Tearme adiourned that the GentlemeÌ„ should kéepe the Commons from commotion The third of June the Lord Lisle sonne and heire to the Earle of Warwike was married to the Duke of Somersets A marriage â—aughter at Sheene the King Maiestie being there present The xj of June being Saint Barnabyes day was kepte Saint Barnaby kept holy holyday all London ouer and the same day at night the high â—â—â—tare in Paules Church was pulled downe and a table High Aultare in Paules pulled dovvne â—â—â— where the Aultare stoode with a vayle drawne beneath the steppes and â—n the Sonday next a Communion was 〈…〉 at the same table and shortly after all the Aultars in London were taken downe tables placed in their 〈…〉 This yeare was no such watch at Midsomer as had bin No vvatch at Midsomer 〈…〉 The xxx of July Thomas Lorde Wriothsley Earle of Earle of South-hampton deceassed â—â—uth-hampton Knight of the Garter and one of the execu 〈…〉 to King Henry the eyght deceassed at Lincolne place in 〈…〉 orne and was buryed in Saint Andrewes Churche 〈…〉 Augustine Hinde Iohn Lion the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Sir Andrew Iud Skinner the 28. of October This Sir Andrew Iud erected one notable Fréeschoole Freeschoole at Tonbridge at Tonbridge in Kent wherein be brought vp and nourished in learning great store of youth as well bred in that Shire as brought from other Countreys adioyning a noble acte and correspondent to those that haue bin done by like worshipfull men and other in old time within the same Citie of London He
and Townes in the like order as afore and thus to continue for euer as in the indentures tripartite more playnely may appeare Cardinall Poole who had long time bin forth from this Cardinal Poole Realme and now in great estimation in the Court of Rome was sent for by Quéene Mary to returne into his Countrey of England The third of Nouember the weathercocke of Paules was set vp which cocke wayed fortie pound his length VVeathercock of Paules from the bill to the tayle was four foote and his breadth ouer the wings thrée foote and a halfe the which cocke béeing of copper was ouer gilt The thirtéenth of Nouember Doctor Cranmer Archbishop of Canterbury Lady Iane that was before proclaymed Quéene and the Lord Guilford hir husband were arraigned at the Guild hall of London and condemned of Treason The Parliament was dissolued on the sixth of December And on the one and twentith of December beganne Latine seruice in the Church throughout England the Church seruice to be done in Latine as was enacted by the last Parliamente and as the same had bin left in the last yeare of King Henry the eyght In the beginning of the moneth of January the Emperour sent a noble man called Ecmondane and certayne other Embassadors into England to conclude a marriage betwéene King Phillip his sonne and Quéene Mary of Englande The fourtéenth of January D. Stephen Gardener Bishop of Winchester Lord Chancellour of England in the Chamber of presence at Westminster made to the Lordes Nobilitie and Gentlemen an Oration very eloquent wherein hée declared that the Quéenes Maiestie partly for amitie and other waightie considerations had after muche suite on the Emperours and Prince of Spaynes behalfe made determined by the consent of the Counsell and Nobilitie to match hir selfe with the sayde Prince in most godly and lawfull matrimonie and declared further that she should haue for hir ioynter thirtie thousand Duckets by the yeare with all the lowe Countrey of Flanders and that the issue if there happened any betwéene them two lawfully begotten should bée heire as well to the Kingdome of Spayne as also to the sayde lowe Countrey He sayde therefore that they were all bound to thanke GOD that so noble worthy and famous a Prince would vouchsafe so to humble hymselfe as in thys marriage to take vppon hym rather as a Subiect than otherwise for the Quéene and hir Counsell shoulde rule all thynges as â—â—e dyd before and that there shoulde bée of the Counsell no Stranger neyther to haue the custodie of anye Fortes or Castels c. nor beare anye rule or office in â—he Quéenes house or else-where in all Englande with â—yuers other Articles there by hym rehearsed whereâ—â—e hée sayde the Quéenes pleasure and request was â—â—at lyke good Subiectes for hir sake they woulde most â—â—â—inglye receyue him with reuerence ioy and honoure The next day the Lord Maior of London with his bréethren the AldermeÌ„ were sent for to the Court and to bring with them fortie of the head commoners of the Citie vnto whome before the Counsell the Lord Chancellour made the like Oration desiring them to behaue themselues like good subiects with all humblenesse and reioycing The purpose of this marriage was so gréeuously taken of diuers men that for this and for Religion they in such Conspiracy sort conspired against the Quéene that if the matter had not broken out before the time by them appoynted men thought it would haue brought much trouble and daunger The xxv of January Sir Iohn Gage Lord Chamberlayne certified the Lord Maior of London that Sir Thomas Commotion in Kent by Sir Thomas VViat Wyat with certayne other Rebels were vp in Kent aboute Maydestone wherevpon great watche was kepte and that night the Lord Maior rode about to peruse the same and euery night after two Aldermen did the like in the day time the gates of the Citie were warded by substantiall CitizeÌ„s The xxvij of January the Lord Treasurer came to the Guild hall from the Counsell to request the Citizens to prepare fiue hundred footemen well harnessed to go agaynste Wyat which was granted and made ready the same night and on the morrow were deliuered to their Captaines and sent to Grauesend by water The xxix of January the Duke of Norffolke with the Captayne of the Gard and other souldiers The Duke of Norffolke sente against VVyat and the Captaine and Souldiers that were sent from London minded to assault Rochester Castell where Wyat and his people lay but before the setting forward of these VVyat strengthened vvith the Queenes Ordinance men the Duke sent Mayster Nory an Herault vnto Rochester with the Quéenes Proclamation of pardon to all such as would desist from their purpose who comming to the bridge woulde haue gone through into the Citie but they that kept the bridge would not suffer him till that the Captayne came who at the last granted the same to be read â—â— the Citie but holding a Dagge against him cryed speakâ—â— softly or else they would shoote him thorough so that they would not suffer the people to heare the Proclamation which béeing ended each man cryed they had done nothing wherefore they should néede any pardon and in that quarrell which they had taken in hande they would lyue and dye neuerthelesse at the last Sir George Harpar receyued the pardon outwardly and béeing receiued vnder the Duke of Norffolkes protection came on forwarde againste the Kentishmen and euen as the company were set in a readinesse and marched forward toward the Bridge Brette béeing Captayne of the fiue hundred Londoners of which the more parte were in the fore-ward turned himselfe aboute and drawing out his sword sayd these or like words Maysters we go about to fight against our natiue Countreymen of England and our friends in a quarrell vnrightfull and partly wicked for they considering the great and manyfolde miseries which are like to fall vpon vs if we shall be vnder the rule of the proude Spanyards are héere assembled to make resistance of their comming for the auoyding of so great mischiefes and inconueniences likely to light not only vpon themselues but on euery of vs and the whole Realme wherefore I thinke no English heart ought to say against them much lesse by fighting to withstande them and therefore I and others meaning such as were in that ranke with hym will spende our bloud in the quarrell of this worthy Captayne Mayster Wyat and other Gentlemen héere assembled which words once pronounced each man turned their Ordinance agaynst their folowers and therevpon cryed a Wyat a Wyat of which sodeyne noyse the Duke the Captayne of the Gard and other béeing abashed fledde forthwith immediatly came in Mayster Wyat and hys company on horssebacke rushing in amongst as well the Garde as the Londoners and sayde so many as wyll come and tarrye wyth vs shall be welcome and so many as wyll departe good leaue haue they and so
the streame and by the same carryed from the Conduit there towardes the Thamis wyth suche a swiftnesse that no man wyth staues or other wayes coulde staye hym tyll he came againste a Cart whéele that stoode in the water gate afore which time he was drowned and starke dead Thomas Blanke Anthony Gammage the 28. of Septemb. Sherifes Maior Iames Hawes Clothworker the 28. of October This Maior wente by water to Westminster and there tooke his othe as hathe bin accustomed he kepte no feast at No Maiors feaste at Guild hall the Guyld hall althoughe greate prouision hadde béene made for that purpose but dyned at his owne house wyth his brethren the Aldermen the Companies dined at theyr seueral Halles This was done by appointment of the Quéenes Maiesties Councell to auoide infection of the plague like to haue encreased by comming togither of such a multitude This wéeke from the two and twentith to the eighte and twentith of October deceassed in the Citie and Liberties contayning 108. parishes of al disseases 166. of the whiche number 75. were accompted to dye of the plague Michaelmasse Terme whyche hadde béene adiourned Terme adiorned by Proclamation began at Westminster on the sixth of Nouember The same sixth daye in the morning there hapned two greate Tydes at London in the Thamis the first by Tvvo tydes in one houre course the other within one houre after which ouerflowed the Marshes with many vaults sellers neare adioyning The fouretéenth of Nouember being Sundaye aboute midnight following diuers strange impressions of fire and smoke were séene in the ayre to procéede foorth of a blacke Cloude in the North towardes the South whych so continued till the nexte morning that it was day light The next night following the Heauens from all partes did séeme to burne maruellous ragingly and ouer our heads the flames from the Horizon rounde aboute rysing did méete and there double and roll one in an other as if it had béene in a cleare Fornace The eightéenth day at night were very stormy tempestuous Anno reg 17 of windes oute of the South I haue not knowne the like out of that quarter especially after midnight till the nexte morning that it was day light These are to be receyued as tokens of Gods wrath ready bente agaynste the worlde for sinne nowe aboundyng and also of his greate mercie who doeth but onely shewe the rod wherewith wée dayly deserue to be beaten Thys yeare at London after haruest the price of Wheate began by little and little to fall from seauen Shillings to thrée Shillings the bushell at which price it stayed little or nothing rising or falling all the yeare after but bay salte was raysed from thrée shillings to foure shillings fiue shillings Bay salt deare and sixe shillings the bushell the like whereof had neuer bin séene or heard within this Realme The four and twentith of February the feast of Saint Mathie Flyes in February the number strange on whiche day the faire was kepte at Tewkesburie a strange thing hapned there for after a floud which was not great but such as thereby the medowes néere adioyning were couered with water in the afternoone there came downe the Riuer of Seuerne greate numbers of flyes and béetels such as in Sommer euenings vse to strike men in the face in great heapes a foote thicke aboue the water so that to credible mens iudgement there were séene within a paire of butte lengths of those flies aboue a hundred quarters The milles thereaboutes were damned vp with them for the space of foure dayes after and then were cleansed by digging them out with shouels from whence they came is yet vnknowne but the day was cold and a hard frost The xxvj of February betwéene foure and sixe of the Earthquake clocke in the afternoone great Earthquakes happened in the Cities of Yorke Woorcester Glocester Bristow Hereford and in the Countreys about which caused the people to runne out of their houses for feare they should haue fallen on their heads In Tewkesburie Bredon and other places the dishes fell from the cupbords and the Bookes in mens studyes from the shelues In Norton Chappell the people béeing on their knées at euening prayer the ground moouing caused them to runne away in great feare that the dead bodyes woulde haue risen or the Chappell to haue fallen parte of Rythen Castell fell downe with certayne bricke chimneys in Gentlemens houses The bell in the Shiere hall of Denbigh was caused to toll twice by shaking of the hall c. On Easter day which was the third of Aprill about ix of the clocke in the forenoone was disclosed a congregation 1575 of Anabaptistes Dutchmen in a house without the barres of Aldgate at London whereof xxvij were taken and sent to Annabaptistes bare faggots at Paules Crosse prison and four of them bearing faggots recanted at Paules Crosse on the xv day of May in forme as followeth WHereas I. I. T. R. H. being seduced by the Diuell the spirit of errour and by false teachers his Ministers haue fallen into certayne most detestable and damnable heresies namely 1 That Christ tooke not flesh of the substance of the blessed virgin Mary 2 That infants of the faithfull ought not to be baptized 3 That a Christian man maye not be a Magistrate or beare the sword or office of aucthoritie 4 That it is not lawfull for a Christian to take an othe Now by the grace of God and through conference wyth good and learned Ministers of Christ his Church I do vnderstand and acknowledge the same to be most damnable and detestable heresies and do aske God héere before hys Church mercy for my sayd former errours and do forsake them recant and renounce them and abiure them from the bottom of my heart professing that I certaynely beléeue 1 That Christ tooke flesh of the substance of the blessed virgine Mary 2 That infants of the faithfull ought to be baptized 3 That a Christian man may be a Magistrate or beare the sword and office of aucthoritie 4 That it is lawfull for a Christian to take an othe And further I confesse that the whole Doctrine and Religion established and published in this Realme of England as also that which is receyued and preached in the Dutch Church héere in this Citie is sound true according to the word of God wherevnto in all things I submit my selfe and will most gladly be a member of the said Dutch church from henceforth vtterly abandoning and forsaking all and euerye Anabaptisticall errour This is my faith nowe in the whiche I do purpose and trust to stand firme and stedfast vnto the end that I may so doe I beséech you all to pray with me and for me to God the heauenlye father in the name of his sonne our sauiour Jesus Christ The like recantation was made by them afterwardes in the Dutch Church The xvij day of May about midnight folowing y
rage of the Saxons and reduced his Countrey to quietnesse he constituted the order of the Round Table round Table into which order he only receyued such of his nobilitie as were most renowmed for vertue and chiualrie This round Table he kept in diuers places but especially at Cairleon Winchester and Camalet in Somerset-shire There is yet to be séene in Denbigh shire in the parish of Leyland Llansanan in the side of a stonie hill a place compasse wherein be foure and twentie seates for men to sit in some lesse and some bigger cut out of the maine Rocke by mans hand where children and yong men comming to séeke their Cattell vse to sitte and play they commonly call it Arthures round Table So hauing established all things well at home he with his nobilitie made an expedition into Norway where he atchieued Norway subdued sundry notable and maruellous exploytes and subdued the same with all the Regions thereabout to Russia Leges S. Edwardi placing the limite of his Empire in Lapland He caused the people of those Countreys to be Baptised and receyne the Christian Religion He also obtayned of the Pope to haue Norway confirmed to the Crowne of this Realme calling it the Chamber of Britaine Norway the Chamber of Britaine Then sayling into France he forced Frolo Gouernoure there for the Romaynes to flighte and afterward in Combate manfully slew him Shortly after he addressed deadlye Warre againste Gaufridus Lucius Hiberus who claymed a Tribute of Arthure for Britaine and had assembled greate powers to ouercome Arthure but Arthure encountring with him after a long and bloudye fighte discomfited his Armie killed him and sente his body to the Senate of Rome for the Tribute While Arthure was thus valiantly occupyed in his warres beyond the Seas and had conquered thirtie Kingdomes Flores Historiar such as they were in those days Mordred to whome he had committed the gouernement of Britaine confederating himselfe with Cerdicus first King of the Weast Saxons trayterously vsurped the Kingdome of which treason when Battayle at Douer relation came to Arthure he spéedily returned into Britaine and at Richborow néere to Sandwich gaue battell to him and wanne the fielde Anguisell of Scotland Gawin and Cador were there slayne then pursuing him into Cornewall gaue him battell there agayne by the Riuer of Alaune of some histories called Cablan where Mordred was slayne Wal. Conuâ—â— Mordred slayne Ann. Glasco And Arthure béeing deadly wounded was conueyed to Glastenburie where he dyed and is buryed after he had most victoriously gouerned this Realme sixe and twentie yeares COnstantine kinsman to Arthure and sonne to Cador Duke of Cornewall was ordeyned King of Britayne and 542 Bâ—â—te Booke raigned thrée yeares Thys man was by the two sonnes of Mordred gréenouslye vexed for they claymed the Lande by the righte of theyr Father but after many Battayles they fledde the one to London the other to Winchester whyche Cities they obteyned and tooke them but Constantine Mordreds children slayne followed and subdued and tooke the foresayde Cities and one of the yong men hée founde in an Abbey at London and slewe hym néere the Aulter cruelly and buried hym nigh Vter Pendragon at Stonehinge The other Gildas Arbor successio young manne hée founde at Winchester and slewe hym flying into the Churche of Saincte Amphibalus Aurelius Conanus a Britayne raysed mortall warre against Constantine the King and after sore fight slew him in the field when he had raigned thrée yeares and was buryed at Stonehinge A Vrelius Conanus Nephew to Arthure was Crowned 545 King of Britaine He cherished such as loued strife and dissention within his Realme â— and gaue light credence to them which accused other were it right or wrong He emprisoned by strength his Uncle whiche was right heyre to the Crowne He raigned thrée and thirtie Flores HistoriaruÌ„ yeares The Kingdome of Northumberland began first in Britaine The fifth Kingdome of the Saxons 578 Gildas Gaufrid vnder a Saxon named Ida. VOrtiporus the sonne of Conanus was ordeyned King of Britayne a vicious King and cruell tyrant who put from him his Wife and kept hir daughter for his Concâ—bine In diuers battels he discomfited the Saxons He raigned foure yeares MAlgo pulcher Canonus of Northwales beganne his 581 raigne ouer the Britaynes and gouerned them fiue yeares This Malgo was in proportion of body greater than all the Dukes of Brytaine but he delighted in the soule sinne of Sodomie He slewe his first wife and then tooke to wife his Gildas owne brothers daughter CAreticuâ— began to rule the Brytaines This man loued ciuill 586 Warre and was odible both to God and to his subiects They moued the Saxons being accompanied with Gurmunduâ— King of Ireland to make warre vpon Careticus in such wise that he was sayne to take the Towne of Cicester where they assaulted him so sore and fired the Corne by tying fire to the wings of Sparrowes that he with his men fledde from thence into Wales by whiche meanes he lefte a great part of his dominion and ended his life when he had raigned thrée yeares Sea Cro. This Gurmund burned vp the land of Britaine from Sea to Sea and the more part of that I le called Leogrea he gaue to y e Saxons The Britaines gaue place and fled into the Weast parts of Cornewall and Wales Theanus Archbishop of LoÌ„don Thadeocus Archbishop of Yorke wheÌ„ their Churches were al destroyed to the ground they with their Cleargie fledde into Wales many of them into little Britaine This plague came on the Britaines for their couetousnesse cauine and â—echerie Gurmund builded Gurmondchester Gurmunchester buylded 61â— Paulus Diaconus CAdwane Duke of Northwales was made soueraigne of the Britaines who gaue strong battell to Ethelfride King of Northumberland and forced him to intreate for peace After which concord being made they continued al their life time louing friends He raigned xxij yeares The Kingdome of the East Saxons beganne vnder Erchenuinâ—s Sixt Kingdome of Saxons about the yeare of Christ 614. The Kingdome of Mercia or middle England began vnder Seauenth Kingdome of Saxons 635 Penda 626. CAdwalin the sonne of Cadwane raigned ouer y e Britaines he warred strongly vppon the Saxons and made Penda King of Mercia tributarie to him He raigned xlviij yeares and was buryed at London in a Church of S. Martine néere vnto Ludgate whiche Churche was then new founded and buylded by the Britaynes in Anno. 677. CAdwalladar was ordayned king of the Brytaines and 685 ruled only thrée yeares he vanquished and slew Lothier king of Kent and Athelwold king of south Saxons and theÌ„ forsaking his kingly authoritie he went to Rome there to be christened who after became a Monke and was buried in S. Peters Church at Rome He was laste king of Brytain After which time the Brytaines were called Walshmen whiche name was
and so to the Castel and cast him in prison whereof wheÌ„ the Barons vnderstoode they sent Roger Clifford and Sir Iohn Gifford with a great power to Glocester who beséeging the Castell Clocester Castell taken by the Barons brent the bridge and entred at the last where they tooke the said Macy with all his company and for that a Carpenter froÌ„ the Castell with a quarell had slaine an Esquier of the Barons partie Sir Iohn Gifford made the same Carpenter to leape from the top of the Castell where-through he was crushed to death Sir Roger Clifford tooke the kéeping of that Castell vpon him and sente Macy into the March Sir Iohn Gifford tooke all Macies goodes at Sherestone and elsewhere Peter de Egblonuch a Frenchman Bishop of Hereford Bishop of Hereford a French man was drawne out of his Cathedrall Churche by Thomas Turberuill and other and sent to the Castel of Erdesley where he and Sir Macy were both committed to safe ward his treasure was spoyled and his Chanons sent to prison and thus were Frenchmen serued through the Land where they mought be founde by them that were on the Barons part Simon de Mountfort with the Barons pitched theyr Tents in Istleworth Parke The Manor of Istleworth beloÌ„ging Tho. Wikes to Richard King of Almayne was burnt by y â— Londoners They also burned another house of his néere to Westminster In this meane while the King and Quéene remained The Queene chased Nicho. Triuet in the Tower of London and when y â— Quéene would haue gone by water vnto Windesore the Londoners getting them to the Bridge in great numbers vnder the which she must passe cried out on hir vsing many vile and reprochful words threw durt and stones at hir that she was constreyned to returne againe to the Tower The Citizens fortified the Citie with iron Chaynes drawne ouerthwart their Streetes of LoÌ„don chayned Annales of Hyde stréetes munited the Citie and did maruellous things There was a peace concluded betwixte the King and the Barons with these conditions that Henry sonne to the Kyng of Almayne that tooke the Barons parte and was in prison shoulde be deliuered that all the Kings Castels through England should be put into the Barons hands that the prouisions of Oxford shoulde be kept and that all Strangers within a certaine time should depart the land those except whose abode the faithfull persons of the Realme with one assent shoulde accept lastly that the Englishmen borne and such as were faithfull men to the Kingdome shoulde order and rule the businesse of the land vnder the King But this notwithstanding certayne Knightes of the Kings part fortified the Castel of Windesore with vittayles and armour Edward the Kings sonne came to Bristow where discorde rose betwixte his Knightes and the Townesmen so that the Townesmen were minded to haue beséeged the Castell whiche when Edward vnderstoode he sent for Walter Bishop of Winchester that tooke the Barons part that in his company he might go to the Court of his father promising to perswade his father to peace HéerevpoÌ„ going forth with y â— Bishop til they came to Windsore he entred the Castell to the great misliking of the Bishop but Edward shortly returned and wente to méete Simon Earle of Leicester that he with his adherents were coÌ„ming to beséege Windesore Castell Edward the Kings sonne met with y â— sayd Simon about Kingston and offered meanes of peace but Simon trusting to Bishop Walters counsell deteyned Edward with him and woulde not suffer him to depart till the Castell was yéelded they that were within hauing libertie to departe whither they woulde and the Strangers that minded to passe the Seas had safeconducts granted them Lewlin Prince of Wales confederate with Earle Simon in the meane time wasted the Countrey of Chester and the Marches of the same and ouerthrew to the grounde the Castles of Diffard and Gannoke After this a Parliament was holden at London in the which many that had held with the Earle went to the Kings part as Henry of Almaine sonne to Richard King of Romaynes and other The Kings partie being encreased he wente to Douer and endeuoured to haue gotte that Castell out of the Earles Anno reg 48 hands but he trauelled in vayne Robert Mountpiler Osbert Suffolk the. 28. of September Sherifes Maior 1264 Thomas Fitz Thomas Fitz Richard the. 28. of October Lewes King of Fraunce throughe procuring of Boniface Archbishop of Canturburie who in politicke Sermons at Paris as well at the Friers Prechers as Minors declared the doings betwixt the King of Englande and the Earle of Leicester toke vpon him to make a peace betwixte them wherevpon the King of Englande with his sonne Edwarde and diuerse other of the English nobilitie came to Paris aboute the xxij of Januarie but the Earle of Leicester fearing y e French Kings displeasure for his mothers sake or some other cause not knowen stayed at home in England and procéeded in hys businesse wherefore Roger Mortimer began to destroye the possessions which the Earle uf Leicester helde againste whoÌ„ the Prince of Wales went and besieged the Castel of Radnore and brought it to yéelde Edward the Kings sonne after his returne from Paris about Lent toke his iourney toward the March and passing The Schollers and Burgesses of Oxforde the one spoyle the other by Oxford the Burgesses shut vp their gates againste hym whereby he was forced to lye at the kings Hall without the towne till the next morrowe and then departed The schollers of Oxford being shut within the Towne brake vppe the gate that leadeth toward Beaâ—monte for which déede the Maior sent some of them to prison and not long after whyle the Schollers were at dinner the Maior and Commons wyth banners displayde thoughte to haue spoyled the Clearkes ere they had bin aware but being espied the Schollers ran togither and with bowes and other weapons slewe and wounded the Burgesses and Commons brake vp manye houses spoyling the goods and set the houses of the Portriues William Spicer and Geffrey Hencley on Fier on the South side of the towne Moreouer bycause the Maior Nicholas Kingstone was a Uintener they brake vp the Uintry Clarkes of Oxforde banished dranke the Wines and spoyled them for the which facte the King caused the Clearkes and Schollers to be banished the Uniuersitie Edward the kings sonne toke the Castels of Hay Huntington belonging to the Earle of Hereforde and the Castel of Brecon being also rendered to him he deliuered to Roger Mortimer to kéepe with the teritorie adiacent Robert Ferrers Earle of Darbie who toke part with Erle Simon besieged VVorcester besieged Worcester and entring by the olde Castel spoyled the Citizens of their goods and compelled the Jewes to be christened Glocester besieged The towne of Glocester that before was taken by the BaroÌ„s was now assailed by Edward the kings son who entred y e castel by great force in the
the other an Italian chalenged to fighte within listes against sir Iohn Cornewall and Iames of Artois which two straungers were ouercome in battaile and Chalenge of coÌ„bat at Yorke sir Iohn Cornewal obtaining the Kings fauour maried the kings sister that had bin wife to sir Iohn Holland Earle of Huntingdon The Welchmen taking occasion by the Kings absence The VVelchmen rebel when he was in Scotlande beganne to rebel by the settyng on of OweÌ„ Glendouerdew son to Griffyth VichaÌ„ an esquier of Wales so called Glendour bicause his dwelling was in a place called GleÌ„dordwy for Glyn in Welch is a vale and Dor is water bycause the place was in a dale at the side of y e water or Riuer of Dew in the Parish of Corwrn in the Countie of Merâ—â—neth in Northwales He serued King Richarde at the tyme of his oppression by Henrie Duke of Lancaster at Flint Castell The first cause of this stirre was about a péece of land in controuersie betwixte him and the Lord Reignolde Gray of Ruthiue for when he saw his cause not fauoured firste hée began to spoyle the landes of the sayde Lord Gray whereof the king being certified went with an army into Wales but the Welchmen fledde to the mountaines the King brente the Countrey slew the people with whom he mette and returned with a great pray of Cattaile Iohn Wakel William Ebot the 28. of September Sherifes Maior Anno reg 2. Geffrey Chavvcer chief Poet of Brytaine Sir Iohn Frauncis Goldsmith the. 28. of October Geffrey Chawcer the most excellent Poet of Englande deceased the xxv of October who was buried at Westminster where of late at the charges of one maister Bridgeham is made ouer him a faire monument on the Southside of the Quire his workes for the most part are published in print by sir Iohn Thinne Knight and somewhat increased by my trauell in the last impression Not long after deceased the like famous Poet Iohn Gower Iohn Govver a most excellent Poet of EnglaÌ„d who lyeth buried in Sainte Marie Oueries Church in Southwarke He new builded a great part of that Church and coÌ„piled thrée famous bookes The first in Latine Vox ClamaÌ„tis The second in French Speculum Meditantis The third in Englishe Confessio Amantis which last booke is in Print the other hard to come by of the first I haue séen thrée very faire copies but of the seconde I neuer sawe any one The Emperour of Constantinople came into Englande to requyrs ayde agaynste the Turkes whome the King wyth sumptuous preparation mette at Blacke Heath vpon Saint Thomas daye the Apostle and brought him to London and paying for the charges of his lodging presented him with giftes worthy for one of so high degrée Soone after came newes that the King of Leto had â—lain in battayle Bassacke the sonne of the noble Balthazardan â— destroyed Ierusalem and all the Countrey rounde aboute And bycause he had by Gods grace so ouercome contrarye to his opinion he became christened and 60000. men of his secte The Emperour of Constantinople hearing this was very 1401 The Emperour returned gladde and departed out of Englande being honored by the King with precious giftes The fiue and twentith day of July Isabel late wife to K. Isabel late vvife to K. R. returned into Fraunce Richarde not yet twelue yeares of age departed from Douer towardes Caleis and so into Fraunce to hyr Father Owen Glendouerdew w e his Welchmen did much harme to the Englishmen and returned There was founde in the Kings bedde clothes an yron K. H. escapeth â— great daunger with thrée sharp pikes slender and round standing vpright layde there by some Traytour that when the Kyng should haue layde him downe he might haue thrust himselfe vpon them This time was vsed excéeding pride in garmentes gownes with déepe and broade sléeues commonlye called poke sléeues the seruauntes ware them as well as theyr Tho. Wals Aditions to polic maisters whiche mighte well haue bene called receptacles of the Diuel for what they stole they hidde in their sléeues whereof some hung downe to the féete and at leaste to the knées ful of cuttes and iagges whervpon were made these Anno reg 3 verses Now hath this lande little neede of Bromes To sweepe away the filth out of the streete Thâ— Hocâ—liâ—â— Sen side sleeues of pennilesse gromes will it vp licke be it drie or weete O England stand vpright on thy feete so foule a waste in so simple a degree Banish or it shal â—ore repent thee William Venor Iohn Fremingham the. 28. of Septem Sherifes Maior Sir Iohn Chadworth Mercer the. 28. of October The Conduit vpon Cornehil in London was made which before time had bene a prison called the Tunne in Cornehill wherevnto nightwalkers that were taken in suspition of fellonie or other trespasses were committed In the moneth of March appeared a blasing starre first betwixt the East and the North and last of all putting firie beames towards the North foreshewing peraduenture the effusion of bloud about the partes of Wales and Northumberlande Owen Glendouerdew with his Welchmen wasted y â— lands 1402 of the Lord Reignalde Gray tooke him prisoner and slewe many of his people Certaine men affirmed King Richarde to be aliue and Conspiracie against K. Henrie that he should shortly shew himself openly reward them y â— wer faithful vnto him But after a certain priest was taken at Warwike who had written y e names of many which were the aucthours of these troubles both the hope and feare of this conspiracie vanished The Priest was drawen hanged and quartered Also Walter Waldocke late Priour of Lande a Priorie in Leicestershire bycause he confessed he knew euill against the king and did conceale it was likewise hanged and headed Moreouer certaine gray Friers were taken of the whiche one Richard Friseby doctour of Diuinitie being A stout Frier executed asked what he would do if K. Richard were present answered that he woulde fight in his quarrel against any man euen to the death wherfore he was condemned drawen and hanged in his religious habit and wéede At Daneburie in Essex vpon Corpus Christi day the Diuell appeared in likenesse of a Gray Frier who entring the Church raged insolentlye to the greate feare of the Parishioners and the same houre with a tempeste of whyrlewinde and thunder the toppe of the Stéeple was broken downe and halfe the Chauncel scattered abrode Shortlye after sir Roger Claringdon Knighte a bastard sonne to Edward the blacke Prince and wyth him a Squire and a yeomanne were beheadded and eyghte Graye Friers hanged and beheaded at London and two at Leicester all whiche hadde published King Richard to bée aliue Owen Glendouerdew with a company of Welchmen inuaded all the shires that bordered neare vnto hym wherefore sir Edmund Mortimer wyth manye Knightes and Esquiers wente out to encounter with Owen stronger than he was of the