Selected quad for the lemma: country_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
country_n divide_v part_n river_n 1,706 5 6.8768 4 false
View all documents for the selected quad

Text snippets containing the quad

ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A64321 Miscellanea. The second part in four essays / by Sir William Temple ... Temple, William, Sir, 1628-1699. 1690 (1690) Wing T653; ESTC R38801 129,830 346

There are 4 snippets containing the selected quad. | View original text

barbarous_a force_n for_o under_o the_o present_a tartar_n king_n the_o government_n continue_v still_o the_o same_o and_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o chinese_n learn_v and_o all_o the_o change_n that_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v make_v by_o such_o a_o storm_n or_o revolution_n have_v be_v only_o that_o a_o tartar_n race_n sit_v in_o the_o throne_n instead_o of_o a_o chinese_n and_o the_o city_n and_o strong_a place_n be_v garrison_v by_o tartar_a soldier_n who_o fall_v by_o degree_n into_o the_o manner_n custom_n and_o language_n of_o the_o chinese_n so_o great_a a_o respect_n or_o rather_o veneration_n be_v pay_v to_o this_o wise_a and_o admirable_a constitution_n even_o by_o its_o enemy_n and_o invader_n that_o both_o civil_a usurper_n and_o foreign_a conqueror_n vie_v with_o emulation_n who_o shall_v make_v great_a court_n and_o give_v most_o support_v to_o it_o find_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o secure_v their_o own_o safety_n and_o ease_n by_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o people_n than_o the_o establishment_n and_o preservation_n of_o their_o ancient_a constitution_n and_o government_n the_o great_a idea_n which_o may_v be_v conceive_v of_o the_o chinese_n wisdom_n and_o knowledge_n as_o well_o as_o their_o wit_n ingenuity_n and_o civility_n by_o all_o we_o either_o read_v or_o see_v of_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o be_v lessen_v by_o their_o gross_a and_o sottish_a idolatry_n but_o this_o itself_o be_v only_o among_o the_o vulgar_a or_o illiterate_a who_o worship_n after_o their_o manner_n whatever_o idol_n belong_v to_o each_o city_n or_o village_n or_o family_n and_o the_o temple_n and_o priest_n belong_v to_o they_o be_v in_o usual_a request_n among_o the_o common_a people_n and_o the_o woman_n but_o the_o learned_a adore_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o world_n which_o they_o hold_v to_o be_v eternal_a and_o this_o without_o temple_n idol_n or_o priest_n and_o the_o emperor_n only_o be_v allow_v to_o sacrifice_v at_o certain_a time_n by_o himself_o or_o his_o officer_n at_o two_o temple_n in_o the_o two_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o nank_v one_o dedicate_v to_o heaven_n and_o tother_o to_o the_o earth_n this_o i_o mention_v to_o show_v how_o the_o further_a east_n and_o west_n may_v be_v find_v to_o agree_v in_o notion_n of_o divinity_n as_o well_o as_o in_o excellence_n of_o civil_a or_o politic_a constitution_n by_o pass_v at_o one_o leap_n from_o these_o of_o china_n to_o those_o of_o peru._n sect_n iii_o it_o be_v know_v enough_o that_o about_o the_o year_n 1484_o alonso_n sanchez_n master_n of_o a_o spanish_a vessel_n that_o usual_o trade_v from_o those_o coast_n to_o the_o canary_n and_o madara_n be_v in_o his_o passage_n between_o these_o island_n surprise_v with_o a_o furious_a storm_n at_o east_n so_o violent_a that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o let_v his_o ship_n drive_v before_o it_o without_o any_o sail_n and_o so_o black_a that_o within_o twenty_o eight_o day_n he_o can_v not_o take_v the_o height_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o he_o be_v at_o length_n cast_v upon_o a_o shore_n but_o whether_o island_n or_o continent_n he_o can_v not_o tell_v but_o full_a of_o savage_a people_n that_o after_o infinite_a toil_n danger_n and_o misery_n of_o hunger_n and_o sickness_n he_o make_v at_o length_n one_o of_o the_o tercera_n island_n with_o only_o five_o man_n leave_v of_o seventeen_o he_o carry_v out_o and_o meet_v there_o with_o the_o famous_a columbo_n make_v he_o such_o relation_n and_o so_o pertinent_a account_n of_o his_o voyage_n as_o give_v occasion_n for_o the_o discovery_n of_o america_n or_o the_o west-indies_n by_o this_o man_n so_o renown_v in_o our_o modern_a story_n whatever_o prediction_n have_v be_v since_o found_v out_o or_o apply_v towards_o the_o discovery_n of_o this_o new_a world_n or_o story_n tell_v of_o a_o certain_a prince_n in_o wales_n have_v run_v the_o same_o fortune_n or_o of_o the_o ancient_a carthaginian_n i_o do_v not_o find_v by_o all_o i_o have_v read_v upon_o this_o subject_a any_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o any_o mortal_n from_o europe_n or_o africa_n have_v ever_o trace_v these_o unknown_a path_n of_o that_o western_a ocean_n or_o leave_v the_o least_o footstep_n of_o have_v discover_v those_o country_n before_o alonso_n sanchez_n and_o his_o crew_n upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o spaniard_n there_o with_o columbus_n they_o find_v nature_n as_o naked_a as_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o most_o part_n no_o thought_n of_o business_n further_o than_o the_o most_o natural_a pleasure_n or_o necessity_n of_o life_n nation_n divide_v by_o natural_a bound_n of_o river_n rock_n or_o mountain_n or_o difference_n of_o language_n quarrel_n among_o they_o only_o for_o hunger_n or_o lust_n the_o command_n in_o war_n give_v to_o the_o strong_a or_o the_o brave_a and_o in_o peace_n take_v up_o or_o exercise_v by_o the_o bold_a among_o they_o and_o their_o life_n common_o spend_v in_o the_o most_o innocent_a entertainment_n of_o hunt_v fish_v feast_v or_o in_o the_o most_o careless_a leisure_n there_o be_v among_o they_o many_o principality_n that_o seem_v to_o have_v grow_v up_o from_o the_o original_n of_o paternal_a dominion_n and_o some_o community_n with_o order_n and_o law_n but_o the_o two_o great_a dominion_n be_v those_o of_o mexico_n and_o peru_n which_o have_v arrive_v to_o such_o extent_n of_o territory_n power_n and_o riches_n that_o amaze_v those_o who_o have_v be_v enough_o acquaint_v with_o the_o greatness_n and_o splendour_n of_o the_o european_a kingdom_n and_o i_o never_o meet_v with_o any_o story_n so_o entertain_v as_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o several_a learned_a spanish_a jesuit_n and_o other_o concern_v these_o country_n and_o people_n in_o their_o native_a innocence_n and_o simplicity_n mexico_n be_v so_o vast_a a_o empire_n that_o it_o be_v well_o represent_v by_o the_o common_a answer_n of_o the_o indian_n all_o along_o that_o coast_n to_o the_o spaniard_n when_o they_o come_v to_o any_o part_n and_o ask_v the_o people_n whether_o they_o be_v under_o montezuma_n quien_v no_n esclavo_fw-la de_fw-fr montezuma_n or_o who_o be_v not_o a_o slave_n of_o montezuma_n as_o if_o they_o think_v the_o whole_a world_n be_v so_o they_o may_v true_o call_v it_o slave_n for_o no_o dominion_n be_v ever_o so_o absolute_a so_o tyrannous_a and_o so_o cruel_a as_o his._n among_o other_o tribute_n impose_v on_o the_o people_n one_o be_v of_o man_n to_o be_v sacrifice_v every_o year_n to_o a_o ugly_a deform_a idol_n in_o the_o great_a temple_n of_o mexico_n such_o number_n as_o the_o king_n please_v of_o poor_a victim_n be_v lay_v upon_o such_o extent_n of_o city_n or_o village_n or_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n and_o there_o choose_v by_o lot_n to_o satisfy_v such_o bloody_a and_o inhuman_a tax_n these_o be_v often_o influence_v by_o the_o priest_n who_o when_o they_o see_v man_n grow_v negligent_a either_o in_o respect_n to_o themselves_o or_o devotion_n to_o their_o idol_n will_v send_v to_o tell_v the_o king_n that_o the_o god_n be_v hungry_a and_o thereupon_o the_o common_a tribute_n be_v raise_v so_o as_o that_o year_n the_o spaniard_n land_v and_o invade_v mexico_n there_o have_v be_v above_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n sacrifice_v to_o this_o cruel_a superstition_n and_o this_o be_v say_v to_o have_v give_v great_a occasion_n for_o the_o easy_a conquest_n of_o the_o spaniard_n by_o the_o willing_a revolt_v and_o submission_n of_o the_o native_n to_o any_o new_a dominion_n the_o same_o be_v observe_v to_o happen_v in_o peru_n by_o the_o general_a hatred_n and_o aversion_n of_o the_o people_n in_o that_o empire_n to_o atahualpa_n who_o be_v a_o bastard_n of_o the_o yncas_n family_n have_v first_o by_o practice_n and_o subtlety_n and_o afterward_o by_o cruelty_n and_o violence_n raise_v himself_o to_o the_o throne_n of_o peru_n and_o cut_v off_o with_o merciless_a cruelty_n all_o the_o masculine_a race_n of_o the_o true_a royal_a blood_n that_o be_v at_o man_n estate_n or_o near_o it_o after_o that_o line_n have_v last_v pure_a and_o sacred_a and_o reign_v with_o unspeakable_a felicity_n both_o to_o themselves_o and_o their_o subject_n for_o above_o eight_o hundred_o year_n this_o kingdom_n be_v say_v to_o have_v extend_v near_o seven_o hundred_o league_n in_o length_n from_o north_n to_o south_n and_o about_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o in_o breadth_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n by_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n on_o the_o east_n by_o mountain_n impassable_a for_o man_n or_o beast_n and_o as_o some_o write_v even_a bird_n themselves_o the_o height_n be_v such_o as_o make_v their_o top_n always_o cover_v with_o snow_n even_o in_o that_o warm_a region_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o a_o great_a river_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o another_o which_o separate_v it_o from_o the_o province_n of_o chili_n that_o reach_v to_o the_o magellan_n strait_o the_o kingdom_n of_o
such_o a_o opinion_n be_v first_o infuse_v among_o they_o by_o zamolxis_n and_o propagate_v by_o odin_n among_o his_o follower_n or_o by_o he_o invent_v i_o will_v not_o conjecture_v it_o may_v have_v be_v either_o one_o or_o tother_o since_o the_o goth_n he_o lead_v into_o the_o north-west_n part_n of_o europe_n be_v agree_v to_o have_v come_v from_o the_o getae_n who_o be_v place_v near_o the_o river_n tanais_n for_o those_o vast_a scythian_a region_n be_v divide_v into_o infinite_a several_a nation_n separate_v by_o the_o common_a natural_a bound_n of_o river_n lake_n mountain_n wood_n or_o marsh_n each_o of_o these_o country_n be_v like_o a_o mighty_a hive_n which_o by_o the_o vigour_n of_o propagation_n and_o health_n of_o climate_n grow_v too_o full_a of_o people_n throw_v out_o some_o new_a swarm_n at_o certain_a period_n of_o time_n that_o take_v wing_n and_o seek_v out_o some_o new_a abode_n expel_v or_o subdue_a the_o old_a inhabitant_n and_o seat_v themselves_o in_o their_o room_n if_o they_o like_v the_o condition_n of_o place_n and_o commodity_n of_o life_n they_o meet_v with_o if_o not_o go_v on_o till_o they_o find_v some_o other_o more_o agreeable_a to_o their_o present_a humour_n or_o disposition_n sometime_o the_o expel_v nation_n take_v heart_n and_o when_o they_o flee_v from_o one_o country_n invade_v another_o and_o revenge_v the_o injury_n of_o some_o cruel_a neighbour_n upon_o other_o that_o be_v weak_a but_o more_o innocent_a and_o so_o like_a wave_n thrust_v on_o one_o the_o other_o for_o mighty_a length_n of_o space_n or_o country_n sometime_o the_o conqueror_n augment_v their_o number_n and_o force_n with_o the_o strong_a and_o most_o adventurous_a of_o those_o nation_n they_o first_o invade_v by_o their_o voluntary_a accession_n into_o the_o share_n or_o hope_n of_o their_o future_a fortune_n and_o so_o go_v on_o to_o further_a conquest_n the_o usual_a manner_n of_o these_o expedition_n be_v that_o when_o a_o country_n grow_v too_o full_a of_o people_n for_o the_o growth_n of_o it_o to_o supply_v they_o assemble_v together_o all_o that_o be_v fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n and_o divide_v themselves_o into_o two_o band_n whereof_o one_o stay_v at_o home_n to_o inhabit_v and_o defend_v their_o own_o and_o other_o go_v to_o seek_v new_a adventure_n and_o possess_v some_o other_o they_o can_v gain_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n and_o this_o be_v do_v sometime_o by_o lot_n and_o sometime_o by_o agreement_n between_o the_o two_o division_n that_o band_n or_o colony_n that_o go_v abroad_o choose_v their_o leader_n among_o those_o in_o most_o repute_v and_o esteem_v for_o wisdom_n or_o for_o courage_n and_o these_o be_v their_o commander_n or_o general_n in_o war_n and_o if_o they_o live_v and_o succeed_v be_v the_o first_o prince_n of_o those_o country_n they_o conquer_a and_o choose_v for_o the_o seat_n of_o their_o new_a colony_n or_o kingdom_n it_o seem_v agree_v by_o the_o curious_a enquirer_n into_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o runick_a language_n and_o learning_n that_o odin_n or_o woden_n or_o goden_n according_a to_o the_o different_a northern_a dialect_n be_v the_o first_o and_o great_a hero_n of_o the_o western_a scythian_n that_o he_o lead_v a_o mighty_a swarm_n of_o the_o getes_n under_o invitavit_fw-la the_o name_n of_o goth_n from_o the_o asiatic_a scythia_n into_o the_o far_a north-west_n part_v of_o europe_n that_o he_o seat_v and_o spread_v his_o kingdom_n round_o the_o whole_a baltic_a sea_n and_o over_o all_o the_o island_n in_o it_o and_o extend_v it_o westward_o to_o the_o ocean_n and_o southward_o to_o the_o elve_n which_o be_v ancient_o esteem_v the_o bind_v between_o the_o scythian_n and_o the_o german_n that_o this_o vast_a country_n be_v in_o the_o ancient_a gothick_n term_v call_v biarmia_n and_o be_v by_o some_o author_n term_v officina_fw-la gentium_fw-la have_v furnish_v all_o those_o swarm_n of_o goth_n vandal_n saxon_n angles_n jute_n dane_n norman_n which_o so_o often_o infest_a and_o at_o length_n subdue_v all_o the_o western_a province_n of_o europe_n some_o write_v that_o he_o extend_v his_o conquest_n even_o as_o far_o as_o franconia_n itself_o but_o all_o agree_v that_o this_o odin_n be_v the_o first_o inventor_n of_o or_o at_o least_o the_o first_o engraver_n of_o the_o runick_a letter_n or_o character_n sometime_o so_o famous_a and_o at_o last_o so_o infamous_a in_o the_o world_n by_o the_o vulgar_a opinion_n and_o imputation_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o charm_n enchantment_n or_o witchcraft_n to_o the_o use_n and_o force_n of_o those_o strange_a character_n that_o he_o institute_v many_o excellent_a order_n and_o law_n make_v the_o distinction_n of_o season_n the_o division_n of_o time_n be_v a_o invincible_a warrior_n a_o wise_a lawgiver_n love_v and_o obey_v during_o life_n by_o his_o subject_n and_o after_o his_o death_n adore_v as_o one_o of_o their_o three_o chief_a god_n among_o which_o he_o be_v the_o god_n of_o war_n thor_n of_o thunder_n and_o tempest_n from_fw-mi of_o pleasure_n by_o who_o name_n for_o a_o eternal_a memory_n three_o day_n of_o the_o week_n be_v call_v i_o will_v not_o enter_v into_o his_o story_n nor_o that_o of_o his_o succession_n or_o the_o infinite_a and_o famous_a revolution_n it_o produce_v in_o the_o world_n nor_o into_o the_o more_o curious_a search_n of_o the_o time_n of_o his_o expedition_n which_o must_v have_v be_v very_o ancient_a and_o be_v thereby_o leave_v doubt_v and_o undetermined_a but_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o he_o be_v inventor_n of_o the_o runick_a character_n some_o writer_n of_o that_o language_n will_v make_v he_o old_a than_o evander_n by_o affirm_v their_o runick_a letter_n to_o have_v be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o latin_a which_o be_v first_o bring_v into_o italy_n in_o his_o time_n for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o shall_v guess_v by_o all_o i_o have_v peruse_v of_o those_o antiquity_n that_o this_o expedition_n may_v have_v be_v make_v two_o thousand_o year_n ago_o or_o thereabouts_o so_o much_o be_v true_a that_o the_o rune_n be_v for_o long_a period_n of_o time_n in_o use_n upon_o material_n more_o lasting_a than_o any_o other_o employ_v to_o that_o purpose_n for_o instead_o of_o leave_n or_o bark_n or_o wax_v or_o parchment_n these_o be_v engrave_v upon_o stone_n or_o plank_n of_o oak_n upon_o artificial_a obelisk_n or_o pillar_n and_o even_o upon_o natural_a rock_n in_o great_a number_n and_o extent_n of_o line_n but_o more_o of_o this_o runick_a subject_n will_v occur_v upon_o that_o of_o poetry_n and_o i_o shall_v only_o observe_v among_o the_o constitution_n of_o these_o northern_a people_n three_o principle_n of_o a_o strain_n very_o extraordinary_a and_o perhaps_o peculiar_a to_o themselves_o and_o which_o extend_v very_o far_o into_o the_o fortune_n and_o conquest_n of_o their_o arm_n and_o into_o the_o force_n and_o duration_n of_o their_o kingdom_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v a_o principle_n of_o religion_n or_o superstition_n the_o next_o of_o learning_n and_o the_o last_o of_o policy_n or_o civil_a government_n whether_o the_o first_o be_v deduce_v from_o that_o of_o zamolxis_n among_o the_o getes_n style_v of_o old_a immortal_o or_o introduce_v by_o odin_n among_o the_o western_a goth_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o a_o opinion_n be_v fix_v and_o general_a among_o they_o that_o death_n be_v but_o the_o entrance_n into_o another_o life_n that_o all_o man_n who_o live_v lazy_a and_o unactive_a life_n and_o die_v natural_a death_n by_o sickness_n or_o by_o age_n go_v into_o vast_a cave_n under_o ground_n all_o dark_a and_o miry_a full_a of_o noisome_a creature_n usual_a in_o such_o place_n and_o there_o for_o ever_o grovel_v in_o endless_a stench_n and_o misery_n on_o the_o contrary_a all_o who_o give_v themselves_o to_o warlike_a action_n and_o enterprise_n to_o the_o conquest_n of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o slaughter_n of_o enemy_n and_o die_v in_o battle_n or_o of_o violent_a death_n upon_o bold_a adventure_n or_o resolution_n they_o go_v immediate_o to_o the_o vast_a hall_n or_o palace_n of_o odin_n their_o god_n of_o war_n who_o eternal_o keep_v open_a house_n for_o all_o such_o guest_n where_o they_o be_v entertain_v at_o infinite_a table_n in_o perpetual_a feast_n and_o mirth_n carouse_v every_o man_n in_o bowl_n make_v of_o the_o scull_n of_o their_o enemy_n they_o have_v slay_v according_a to_o which_o number_n every_o one_o in_o these_o mansion_n of_o pleasure_n be_v the_o most_o honour_a and_o the_o best_a entertain_v how_o this_o opinion_n be_v print_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o these_o fierce_a mortal_n and_o what_o effect_n it_o have_v upon_o their_o thought_n and_o passion_n concern_v life_n and_o death_n as_o it_o be_v touch_v elegant_o in_o those_o verse_n of_o lucan_n before_o recite_v so_o it_o be_v lively_o represent_v in_o the_o twenty_o five_o and_o twenty_o nine_o stanza_n of_o that_o
empire_n consist_v of_o fifteen_o several_a kingdom_n which_o at_o least_o have_v be_v so_o of_o old_a though_o now_o govern_v as_o province_n by_o their_o several_a viceroy_n who_o yet_o live_v in_o greatness_n splendour_n and_o riches_n equal_a to_o great_a and_o sovereign_a king_n in_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o five_o capital_a city_n of_o mighty_a extent_n and_o magnificent_a building_n and_o one_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o twenty_o and_o one_o lesser_a city_n but_o all_o wall_a round_n the_o number_n of_o village_n be_v infinite_a and_o no_o country_n in_o the_o know_a world_n so_o full_a of_o inhabitant_n nor_o so_o improve_v by_o agriculture_n by_o infinite_a growth_n of_o numerous_a commodity_n by_o canal_n of_o incredible_a length_n conjunction_n of_o river_n convenience_n of_o way_n for_o the_o transportation_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o good_n and_o commodity_n from_o one_o province_n to_o another_o so_o as_o no_o country_n have_v so_o great_a trade_n though_o till_o very_o late_o they_o never_o have_v any_o but_o among_o themselves_o and_o what_o there_o be_v now_o foreign_a among_o they_o be_v not_o drive_v by_o the_o chinese_n go_v out_o of_o their_o country_n to_o manage_v it_o but_o only_o by_o their_o permission_n of_o the_o portuguese_n and_o dutch_a to_o come_v and_o trade_n in_o some_o skirt_n of_o their_o southern_a province_n for_o testimony_n of_o their_o greatness_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v what_o be_v agree_v of_o their_o famous_a wall_n and_o of_o their_o city_n peking_n the_o stone-wall_n which_o divide_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o china_n from_o tartary_n be_v reckon_v by_o some_o twelve_o by_o other_o nine_o hundred_o mile_n long_o run_v over_o rock_n and_o hill_n through_o marsh_n and_o desert_n and_o make_v way_n for_o river_n by_o mighty_a arch_n it_o be_v forty_o five_o foot_n high_a and_o twenty_o foot_n thick_a at_o the_o bottom_n divide_v at_o certain_a space_n by_o great_a tower_n it_o be_v build_v above_o two_o thousand_o year_n ago_o but_o with_o such_o admirable_a architecture_n that_o where_o some_o gap_n have_v not_o be_v break_v down_o by_o the_o tartar_n upon_o their_o eruption_n the_o rest_n be_v still_o as_o entire_a as_o when_o it_o be_v first_o build_v the_o king_n that_o raise_v this_o wall_n appoint_v a_o million_o of_o soldier_n who_o be_v list_v and_o pay_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o it_o against_o the_o tartar_n and_o take_v their_o turn_n by_o certain_a number_n at_o certain_a time_n for_o the_o guard_n of_o this_o frontier_n the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n be_v nothing_o so_o large_a as_o several_a other_o city_n of_o china_n whereof_o nank_v be_v esteem_v the_o great_a but_o be_v a_o regular_a foursquare_a the_o wall_n of_o each_o side_n be_v six_o mile_n in_o length_n in_o each_o of_o these_o side_n be_v three_o gate_n and_o on_o each_o side_n of_o each_o gate_n be_v great_a palace_n or_o fort_n for_o the_o guard_n belong_v to_o they_o which_o be_v a_o thousand_o man_n to_o each_o gate_n the_o street_n run_v quite_o cross_a with_o a_o through_o view_n and_o passage_n from_o each_o gate_n to_o that_o which_o be_v over_o against_o it_o in_o the_o opposite_a side_n and_o these_o street_n be_v range_v full_a of_o stately_a house_n the_o palace_n of_o the_o emperor_n be_v three_o mile_n in_o compass_n consist_v of_o three_o court_n one_o within_o the_o other_o whereof_o the_o last_o where_o the_o emperor_n lodge_v be_v four_o hundred_o pace_n square_a the_o other_o two_o be_v fill_v with_o his_o domestic_n officer_n and_o guard_n to_o the_o number_n of_o sixteen_o thousand_o person_n without_o these_o court_n be_v large_a and_o delicious_a garden_n many_o artificial_a rock_n and_o hill_n stream_n of_o river_n draw_v into_o several_a canal_n face_v with_o square_a stone_n and_o the_o whole_a achieve_v with_o such_o admirable_a invention_n cost_n and_o workmanship_n that_o nothing_o ancient_a or_o modern_a seem_v to_o come_v near_o it_o and_o all_o serve_v with_o such_o magnificence_n order_n and_o splendour_n that_o the_o audience_n of_o a_o foreign_a ambassador_n at_o peking_n seem_v a_o sight_n as_o great_a and_o noble_a as_o one_o of_o the_o triumph_n at_o rome_n as_o other_o nation_n be_v usual_o distinguish_v into_o noble_a and_o plebeian_n so_o that_o of_o china_n may_v be_v distinguish_v into_o learned_a and_o illiterate_a the_o last_o make_v up_o the_o body_n or_o mass_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v govern_v the_o first_o comprehend_v all_o the_o magistrate_n that_o govern_v and_o those_o who_o may_v in_o time_n or_o course_n succeed_v they_o in_o the_o magistracy_n for_o no_o other_o than_o the_o learned_a be_v ever_o employ_v in_o the_o government_n nor_o any_o in_o the_o great_a charge_n that_o be_v not_o of_o those_o rank_n or_o degree_n of_o learning_n that_o make_v they_o term_v sage_n or_o philosopher_n or_o doctor_n among_o they_o but_o to_o comprehend_v what_o this_o government_n of_o china_n be_v and_o what_o the_o person_n employ_v in_o it_o there_o will_v be_v a_o necessity_n of_o know_v what_o their_o learning_n be_v and_o how_o it_o make_v they_o fit_a for_o government_n very_o contrary_a to_o what_o we_o in_o europe_n be_v observe_v to_o do_v and_o the_o reason_n of_o such_o different_a effect_n from_o the_o same_o cause_n the_o two_o great_a hero_n of_o the_o chinese_n nation_n be_v fohu_n and_o confuchu_n who_o memory_n have_v always_o continue_v among_o they_o sacred_a and_o adore_v fohu_n live_v about_o four_o thousand_o year_n ago_o and_o be_v the_o first_o founder_n of_o their_o kingdom_n the_o progress_n whereof_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_v upon_o their_o record_n so_o clear_a that_o they_o be_v esteem_v by_o the_o missionary_n jesuit_n unquestionable_a and_o infallible_a for_o after_o the_o death_n of_o every_o king_n the_o successor_n appoint_v certain_a person_n to_o write_v the_o memorable_a action_n of_o his_o predecessor_n reign_v and_o of_o these_o a_o epitome_n be_v afterward_o draw_v and_o enter_v into_o their_o register_n fohu_n first_o reduce_v they_o from_o the_o common_a original_a life_n of_o mankind_n introduce_v agriculture_n wedlock_n distinction_n of_o sex_n by_o different_a habit_n law_n and_o order_n of_o government_n he_o invent_v character_n and_o leave_v several_a short_a table_n or_o write_n of_o astronomy_n or_o observation_n of_o the_o heaven_n of_o morality_n of_o physic_n and_o political_a government_n the_o character_n he_o use_v seem_v to_o have_v be_v parley_n strait_a line_n of_o different_a length_n and_o distinguish_v by_o different_a point_n and_o partly_o hieroglyphic_n and_o these_o in_o time_n be_v follow_v by_o character_n of_o which_o each_o express_a one_o word_n in_o these_o several_a way_n be_v for_o many_o century_n compose_v many_o book_n among_o the_o chinese_n in_o many_o sort_n of_o learning_n especial_o natural_a and_o moral_a philosophy_n astronomy_n astrology_n physic_n and_o agriculture_n something_o above_o two_o thousand_o year_n ago_o live_v confuchu_n the_o most_o learned_a wise_a and_o virtuous_a of_o all_o the_o chinese_n and_o for_o who_o both_o the_o king_n and_o magistrate_n in_o his_o own_o age_n and_o all_o of_o they_o in_o the_o age_n since_o seem_v to_o have_v have_v the_o great_a deference_n that_o have_v any_o where_o be_v render_v to_o any_o mortal_a man._n he_o write_v many_o tract_n and_o in_o they_o digest_v all_o the_o learning_n of_o the_o ancient_n even_o from_o the_o first_o write_v or_o table_n of_o fohu_n at_o least_o all_o that_o he_o think_v necessary_a or_o useful_a to_o mankind_n in_o their_o personal_a civil_a or_o political_a capacity_n which_o be_v then_o receive_v and_o since_o prosecute_v with_o so_o great_a esteem_n and_o veneration_n that_o none_o have_v question_v whatever_o he_o write_v but_o admit_v it_o as_o the_o true_a and_o best_a rule_n of_o opinion_n and_o life_n so_o that_o it_o be_v enough_o in_o all_o argument_n that_o confuchu_n have_v say_v it_o some_o time_n after_o live_v a_o king_n who_o to_o raise_v a_o new_a period_n of_o time_n from_o his_o own_o name_n and_o reign_v endeavour_v to_o abolish_v the_o memory_n of_o all_o that_o have_v pass_v before_o he_o and_o cause_v all_o book_n to_o be_v burn_v except_o those_o of_o physic_n and_o agriculture_n out_o of_o this_o ruin_n to_o learning_n escape_v either_o by_o chance_n or_o some_o private_a industry_n the_o epitome_n or_o register_n of_o the_o several_a succession_n of_o their_o king_n since_o fohu_n and_o the_o work_n of_o confuchu_n or_o at_o least_o a_o part_n of_o they_o which_o have_v late_o in_o france_n be_v print_v in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n with_o a_o learned_a preface_n by_o some_o of_o the_o missionary_n jesuit_n under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o work_n of_o confutius_n after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o tyrannous_a and_o ambitious_a king_n these_o write_n come_v abroad_o and_o be_v
officer_n employ_v by_o the_o empress_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o almoner_n who_o business_n be_v only_o that_o of_o charity_n and_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o distress_a and_o set_v free_a prisoner_n upon_o small_a debt_n or_o offence_n there_o be_v beside_o in_o each_o province_n a_o particular_a council_n to_o take_v care_n of_o learning_n and_o to_o appoint_v rule_n and_o examiner_n for_o the_o several_a degree_n thereof_o it_o be_v endless_a to_o enumerate_v all_o the_o excellent_a order_n of_o this_o state_n which_o seem_v contrive_v by_o a_o reach_n of_o sense_n and_o wisdom_n beyond_o what_o we_o meet_v with_o in_o any_o other_o government_n of_o the_o world_n but_o by_o some_o few_o the_o rest_n may_v be_v judge_v each_o prince_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n have_v a_o revenue_n assign_v he_o and_o a_o city_n where_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o reside_v and_o never_o to_o stir_v out_o of_o it_o without_o the_o emperor_n leave_n all_o degree_n of_o people_n be_v distinguish_v by_o their_o habit_n and_o the_o several_a officer_n by_o several_a badge_n upon_o they_o and_o the_o colour_n wear_v by_o the_o emperor_n which_o be_v yellow_a be_v never_o use_v by_o any_o other_o person_n whatsoever_o every_o house_n have_v a_o board_n over_o the_o door_n wherein_o be_v write_v the_o number_n sex_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n live_v in_o it_o and_o to_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o house_n one_o be_v appoint_v to_o inspect_v the_o rest_n and_o take_v care_n that_o this_o be_v exact_o do_v none_o be_v admit_v to_o bear_v office_n in_o any_o province_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v unless_o it_o be_v military_a which_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o belief_n that_o in_o matter_n of_o justice_n man_n will_v be_v partial_a to_o their_o friend_n but_o in_o those_o of_o war_n man_n will_v fight_v best_a for_o their_o own_o country_n none_o ever_o continue_v in_o any_o office_n above_o three_o year_n unless_o upon_o a_o new_a election_n and_o none_o put_v out_o for_o miscarriage_n in_o his_o office_n be_v again_o admit_v to_o any_o employment_n the_o two_o great_a hinge_n of_o all_o government_n reward_n and_o punishment_n be_v no_o where_o turn_v with_o great_a care_n nor_o exercise_v with_o more_o bounty_n and_o severity_n their_o justice_n be_v rigorous_a upon_o all_o offence_n against_o the_o law_n but_o none_o more_o exemplary_a than_o upon_o corruption_n in_o judge_n beside_o this_o inquisition_n be_v make_v into_o their_o ignorance_n and_o weakness_n and_o even_o into_o carelessness_n and_o rashness_n in_o their_o sentence_n and_o as_o the_o first_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n so_o these_o be_v with_o dismission_n and_o disgrace_n the_o reward_n of_o honour_n beside_o those_o of_o advancement_n be_v confer_v by_o patent_n from_o the_o emperor_n express_v merit_n and_o grant_v privilege_n by_o pillar_n of_o marble_n with_o elegant_a and_o honorary_a inscription_n and_o to_o merit_v extraordinary_a towards_o the_o prince_n and_o country_n even_o by_o erect_v temple_n offer_v incense_n and_o appoint_v priest_n for_o the_o service_n of_o they_o agriculture_n be_v encourage_v by_o so_o many_o special_a privilege_n from_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o common_a law_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n that_o whatever_o war_n happen_v the_o tiller_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v untouched_a as_o if_o they_o be_v sacred_a like_a priest_n in_o other_o place_n so_o as_o no_o country_n in_o the_o world_n be_v ever_o know_v to_o be_v so_o cultivate_v as_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o china_n honour_n and_o respect_n be_v no_o where_o pay_v to_o nobility_n or_o riches_n so_o much_o as_o it_o be_v here_o to_o virtue_n and_o learning_n which_o be_v equal_o regard_v both_o by_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o people_n and_o the_o advancement_n to_o office_n of_o person_n only_o for_o excel_v in_o those_o quality_n prevent_v the_o canker_n of_o envy_n and_o faction_n that_o corrupt_a and_o destroy_v so_o many_o other_o government_n every_o one_o seek_v preferment_n here_o only_o by_o merit_n attribute_n to_o it_o that_o of_o other_o men._n though_o the_o king_n be_v the_o most_o absolute_a in_o the_o world_n since_o there_o be_v no_o other_o law_n in_o china_n but_o what_o he_o make_v yet_o all_o matter_n be_v first_o digest_v and_o represent_v by_o his_o council_n the_o humour_n and_o passion_n of_o the_o prince_n enter_v not_o into_o the_o form_n or_o conduct_n of_o the_o government_n but_o his_o personal_a favour_n to_o man_n or_o woman_n be_v distribute_v in_o the_o preferment_n of_o his_o household_n or_o out_o of_o the_o vast_a revenue_n that_o be_v particular_o apply_v to_o it_o for_o support_v of_o the_o great_a expense_n and_o magnificence_n that_o appear_v in_o any_o palace_n of_o the_o world_n so_o that_o it_o may_v true_o be_v say_v that_o no_o king_n be_v better_a serve_v and_o obey_v more_o honour_v or_o rather_o adore_v and_o no_o people_n better_o govern_v nor_o with_o great_a ease_n and_o felicity_n upon_o these_o foundation_n and_o institution_n by_o such_o method_n and_o order_n the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n seem_v to_o be_v frame_v and_o police_v with_o the_o utmost_a force_n and_o reach_v of_o human_a wisdom_n reason_n and_o contrivance_n and_o in_o practice_n to_o excel_v the_o very_a speculation_n of_o other_o man_n and_o all_o those_o imaginary_a scheme_n of_o the_o european_a wit_n the_o institution_n of_o xenophon_n the_o republic_n of_o plato_n the_o utopias_n or_o oceanas_n of_o our_o modern_a writer_n and_o this_o will_v perhaps_o be_v allow_v by_o any_o that_o consider_v the_o vastness_n the_o opulence_n the_o populousness_n of_o this_o region_n with_o the_o ease_n and_o facility_n wherewith_o it_o be_v govern_v and_o the_o length_n of_o time_n this_o government_n have_v run_v the_o last_o be_v three_o time_n long_o than_o that_o of_o the_o assyrian_a monarchy_n which_o be_v thirteen_o hundred_o year_n and_o the_o long_a period_n of_o any_o government_n we_o meet_v with_o in_o story_n the_o number_n of_o people_n and_o of_o their_o force_n the_o treasure_n and_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o well_o as_o wealth_n and_o plenty_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o magnificence_n of_o their_o public_a building_n and_o work_n will_v be_v incredible_a if_o they_o be_v not_o confirm_v by_o the_o concur_v testimony_n of_o paulus_n venetus_n martinius_n kercherus_n with_o several_a other_o relation_n in_o italian_a portugese_n and_o dutch_a either_o by_o missionary_n friar_n or_o person_n employ_v thither_o upon_o trade_n or_o embassy_n upon_o that_o occasion_n yet_o the_o whole_a government_n be_v represent_v as_o a_o thing_n manage_v with_o as_o much_o facility_n order_n and_o quiet_v as_o a_o common_a family_n though_o some_o writer_n affirm_v the_o number_n of_o people_n in_o china_n before_o the_o last_o tartar_n war_n to_o have_v be_v above_o two_o hundred_o million_o indeed_o the_o canal_n cut_v through_o the_o country_n or_o make_v by_o conjunction_n of_o river_n be_v so_o infinite_a and_o of_o such_o length_n and_o so_o perpetual_o fill_v with_o boat_n and_o vessel_n of_o all_o kind_n that_o one_o writer_n believe_v there_o be_v near_o as_o many_o people_n in_o these_o and_o the_o ship_n wherewith_o their_o havens_n be_v fill_v who_o live_v upon_o the_o water_n as_o those_o upon_o the_o land_n it_o be_v true_a that_o as_o physician_n say_v the_o high_a degree_n of_o health_n in_o a_o body_n subject_n it_o to_o the_o great_a danger_n and_o violence_n of_o some_o disease_n so_o the_o perfection_n of_o this_o government_n or_o constitution_n have_v have_v the_o same_o effect_n join_v with_o the_o accident_n of_o their_o situation_n upon_o such_o a_o neighbour_n as_o the_o tartar_n for_o these_o by_o the_o hardness_n and_o poverty_n of_o their_o country_n and_o their_o life_n be_v the_o bold_a and_o the_o fierce_a people_n in_o the_o world_n and_o the_o most_o enterprise_v on_o other_o side_n the_o excellence_n of_o the_o chinese_n wit_n and_o government_n render_v they_o by_o great_a ease_n plenty_n and_o luxury_n in_o time_n effeminate_a and_o thereby_o expose_v they_o to_o frequent_a attempt_n and_o invasion_n of_o their_o savage_a neighbour_n three_o several_a time_n upon_o their_o record_n the_o tartar_n have_v conquer_v great_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n and_o after_o long_a establishment_n there_o have_v be_v expel_v till_o as_o we_o say_v before_o about_o the_o year_n 1650._o they_o achieve_v the_o complete_a and_o entire_a conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n after_o a_o bloody_a war_n of_o above_o thirty_o year_n but_o the_o force_n of_o this_o constitution_n and_o government_n appear_v in_o no_o circumstance_n or_o light_n so_o great_a as_o in_o this_o that_o it_o have_v wade_v safe_a through_o so_o great_a tempest_n and_o inundation_n as_o six_o change_n of_o race_n among_o their_o king_n by_o civil_a war_n and_o four_o conquest_n by_o foreign_a and_o