expel_v by_o the_o pope_n the_o county_n of_o mirandola_n hold_v by_o the_o family_n of_o pici._n the_o duchy_n of_o montferrat_n sometime_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o paleologi_fw-la be_v at_o this_o time_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o mantua_n there_o stand_v cazal_n of_o st._n vaast_n the_o so_o much_o dispute_v place_n the_o small_a commonwealth_n of_o luca_n in_o toscana_n between_o the_o two_o state_n of_o florence_n and_o genoa_n beside_o these_o two_o estate_n be_v attribute_v to_o italy_n though_o far_o from_o it_o the_o one_o be_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o ragousa_n in_o slavonia_n upon_o the_o golph_n in_o old_a time_n call_v epidaurus_n it_o be_v sovereign_a yet_o pay_v to_o the_o turk_n her_o next_o neighbour_n a_o tribute_n of_o fifteen_o thousand_o sequin_n yearly_a the_o other_o estate_n be_v malta_n with_o the_o next_o island_n goza_n possess_v by_o the_o religion_n of_o saint_n john_n of_o jerusalem_n but_o that_o prince_n have_v but_o the_o shade_n of_o a_o sovereign_n be_v as_o for_o his_o person_n a_o religious_a depend_v of_o the_o pope_n and_o punishable_a by_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o island_n of_o malta_n acknowleding_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n as_o a_o dependence_n of_o sicily_n in_o all_o these_o state_n of_o italy_n there_o be_v no_o exercise_n of_o any_o religion_n but_o the_o roman_a although_o all_o these_o prince_n will_v be_v acknowledge_v sovereign_a there_o be_v none_o proper_o so_o but_o the_o pope_n the_o venetian_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genoa_n all_o the_o other_o be_v either_o imperial_a land_n as_o mantua_n milan_n montferrat_n piedmont_n modena_n mirdndula_n florence_n or_o depend_v of_o the_o pope_n as_o naples_n sicily_n parma_n and_o placentia_n paragraphe_n vi._n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o golph_n of_o venice_n eastward_o lie_v greece_n possess_v by_o the_o turk_n who_o hold_v all_o that_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o name_n of_o peloponnesus_n achaia_n epirus_n macedo_n nia_fw-la thracia_n with_o the_o great_a city_n of_o constantinople_n near_o to_o the_o river_n of_o danubius_n and_o above_o the_o mountain_n of_o thracia_n he_o hold_v bulgaria_n and_o servia_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a misiae_fw-la bossena_n great_a part_n of_o hungary_n as_o far_o as_o grand_fw-mi or_o strigonium_n near_o the_o town_n of_o commorra_n and_o part_n of_o slavonia_n and_o dalmatia_n by_o those_o more_o occidental_a country_n he_o touch_v the_o land_n of_o the_o venetian_n and_o the_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n beyond_o danubius_n he_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o three_o vaivode_n or_o prince_n of_o transylvania_n moldavia_n and_o walachia_n the_o turk_n hold_v also_o all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n from_o candia_n to_o pontus_n euxinus_n beyond_o the_o mouth_n of_o danubius_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o pont_n euxin_n he_o hold_v as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n tyrus_n or_o niestra_n and_o high_o in_o taurica_n chersonesus_n the_o town_n of_o cafa_o in_o old_a time_n theodosia_n his_o dominion_n on_o that_o side_n butt_v upon_o the_o river_n tanais_n where_o his_o frontier_n be_v the_o town_n of_o assou_n take_v about_o ten_o year_n ago_o upon_o the_o muscovite_n in_o all_o that_o tract_n though_o the_o turk_n and_o the_o mahometan_a religion_n govern_v most_o part_n of_o his_o people_n profess_v the_o religion_n of_o christ_n under_o the_o patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n yet_o there_o be_v many_o of_o the_o roman_a religion_n in_o hungary_n bossena_n and_o servia_n transylvania_n be_v protestant_n paragraphe_n vii_o above_o pont_n euxin_n towards_o meotides_n paludes_n there_o be_v a_o great_a extent_n of_o country_n border_v upon_o podolia_n and_o muscovia_n and_o within_o that_o sea_n be_v that_o peninsula_n sometime_o call_v taurica_n chersonesus_n now_o precops_n all_o that_o tract_n be_v call_v tartary_n precopensis_n or_o the_o crim_n tartar_n or_o about_o four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o a_o herd_n for_o army_n of_o yartar_n invade_v that_o country_n it_o be_v now_o one_o of_o the_o considerable_a state_n of_o europe_n possess_v by_o a_o mahometan_a prince_n name_v cantemiro_n it_o border_v upon_o the_o turk_n towards_o pont_n euxin_n and_o be_v in_o league_n with_o they_o westward_o it_o join_v with_o poland_n northwards_o with_o muscovia_n and_o have_v war_n almost_o continual_o with_o these_o two_o nation_n paragraphe_n viii_o beyond_o the_o dominion_n of_o poland_n there_o be_v a_o river_n call_v danambra_n in_o old_a time_n borysthenes_n which_o sever_v sarmatia_n now_o call_v poland_n from_o the_o old_a scythia_n europea_n which_o comprehend_v that_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n between_o borysthenes_n and_o tanais_n and_o northward_o unto_o the_o freeze_a sea_n this_o be_v that_o great_a estate_n of_o muscovia_n denominate_v from_o the_o capital_a city_n mosko_n the_o prince_n the_o great_a duke_n of_o moscovia_n beside_o that_o part_n of_o europe_n stretch_v his_o dominion_n very_o far_o into_o great_a asia_n he_o that_o reign_v when_o the_o author_n write_v this_o book_n which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1644._o be_v michael_n fedorowitz_n who_o be_v elect_v in_o the_o year_n 1612._o in_o the_o confusion_n of_o civil_a war_n after_o the_o extinction_n of_o the_o antitient_a royal_a family_n that_o people_n be_v christian_n but_o of_o the_o rude_a sort_n acknowledge_v the_o patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n westward_o they_o join_v with_o poland_n southward_o with_o the_o crim_n tartar_n and_o with_o each_o of_o they_o have_v always_o some_o war_n paragraphe_n ix_o all_o the_o country_n from_o the_o river_n of_o odera_n in_o germany_n or_o at_o least_o from_o the_o river_n of_o vistula_n or_o weissell_n as_o far_o as_o borysthenes_n and_o northward_o as_o far_o as_o the_o point_n of_o the_o baltique_a sea_n above_o livonia_n all_o that_o country_n i_o say_v call_v ancient_o sarmatia_n contain_v now_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n consist_v of_o the_o great_a and_o lesser_a poland_n russia_n alba_fw-la the_o country_n of_o the_o cossack_n podolia_n and_o other_o province_n with_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lituania_n near_o borysthenes_n that_o state_n of_o poland_n who_o capital_a city_n be_v cracovia_n join_v southward_o with_o the_o land_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o hungary_n so_o much_o as_o belong_v to_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n and_o with_o transylvania_n and_o moldavia_n eastward_o it_o join_v with_o the_o tartar_n and_o moscovite_n the_o court_n of_o poland_n have_v be_v of_o the_o roman_a religion_n hitherto_o what_o it_o will_v be_v hereafter_o the_o success_n of_o the_o present_a war_n will_v show_v that_o state_n tolerate_v all_o sort_n of_o religion_n livonia_n or_o liefland_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n be_v account_v as_o a_o appurtenance_n of_o poland_n yet_o because_o three_o estate_n meet_v there_o poland_n on_o the_o south_n muscovia_n on_o the_o east_n and_o north_n and_o sweden_n on_o the_o west_n it_o be_v always_o dispute_v between_o these_o three_o crown_n and_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a war_n which_o be_v appease_v in_o some_o part_n by_o the_o peace_n between_o poland_n and_o sweden_n an._n 1635._o but_o new_o revive_v paragraphe_n x._o by_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o great_a ocean_n that_o mediterranean_a sea_n of_o the_o north_n be_v form_v which_o be_v call_v the_o baltique_a sea_n there_o the_o dominion_n of_o sweden_n and_o denmark_n be_v seat_v two_o considerable_a state_n the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n comprehend_v great_a part_n of_o the_o ancient_a gotthia_n the_o town_n and_o duchy_n of_o stockholm_n the_o great_a duchy_n of_o finland_n and_o northward_o botnia_n scrifinia_n and_o other_o unknown_a country_n the_o present_a king_n be_v carolus_n gustavus_n by_o the_o session_n of_o his_o cousin_n german_n christina_n daughter_n to_o the_o famous_a gustavus_n adolphus_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o sweden_n be_v lutheran_n yet_o in_o the_o north_n there_o be_v some_o remnant_n of_o the_o ancient_a idolatry_n of_o pagan_n the_o other_o state_n be_v that_o of_o denmark_n compose_v of_o the_o hanse_v teutonique_a call_v ancient_o cimbrica-chersonesus_n which_o be_v a_o corner_n of_o great_a germany_n contain_v the_o duchy_n of_o holstein_n juitland_n and_o schleswick_n a_o second_o part_n of_o that_o estate_n lie_v in_o land_n the_o chief_a of_o they_o zealand_n where_o coppenhagen_n be_v seat_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o three_o part_n be_v in_o the_o peninsula_n of_o the_o baltique_a sea_n and_o herein_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n and_o finmarch_n to_o that_o state_n also_o belong_v the_o land_n of_o friesland_n and_o island_n far_o in_o the_o north._n they_o be_v all_o lutheran_n the_o strength_n and_o wealth_n of_o that_o kingdom_n lie_v in_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o sund_n which_o make_v it_o considerable_a to_o all_o that_o traffic_n to_o or_o from_o the_o baltique_a sea_n paragraphe_n xi_o from_o thence_o sail_v westward_o one_o come_v to_o the_o great_a brittanique_a land_n of_o which_o we_o that_o
contention_n about_o their_o right_n the_o citizen_n change_v religion_n force_v the_o bishop_n to_o fly_v and_o shut_v their_o gate_n against_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n but_o indeed_o that_o town_n and_o all_o the_o other_o state_n be_v piece_n depend_v from_o the_o empire_n but_o the_o emperor_n power_n be_v by_o succession_n of_o time_n confine_v within_o germany_n only_o retain_v almost_o nothing_o out_o of_o it_o but_o the_o shade_n of_o their_o ancient_a authority_n 4._o in_o the_o celtique_a gaul_n french_fw-mi county_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n 5._o the_o city_n of_o besancon_n enclose_v within_o french_a county_n be_v a_o imperial_a city_n 6._o then_o many_o little_a sovereign_a prince_n the_o chief_a of_o they_o the_o thirteen_o canton_n of_o the_o suitzer_n enclose_v within_o the_o alps_n between_o french_a county_n and_o the_o rhine_n of_o they_o four_z are_z protestant_n berne_n which_o alone_o be_v almost_o as_o large_a as_o all_o the_o other_o basel_n zurick_n and_o schaffouse_n which_o be_v a_o town_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n seven_o catholic_n as_o they_o style_v themselves_o two_o great_a friburg_n and_o soleurre_n and_o the_o five_o little_a canton_n uri_n switz_n underwall_n lucerne_n and_o zough_o and_o two_o half_a catholic_n half_a protestant_n glaris_n and_o appenzel_n all_o these_o commonwealth_n make_v one_o body_n of_o state_n have_v their_o associate_n the_o abbot_n of_o saint_n gall_n the_o commonalty_n of_o valley_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o zion_n with_o some_o other_o town_n and_o beyond_o the_o rhine_n the_o three_o league_n of_o the_o grison_n 7._o to_o these_o add_v many_o piece_n about_o the_o rhine_n which_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v part_n of_o germany_n as_o the_o county_n of_o montbeliard_n which_o the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v buy_v of_o late_a year_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o wirtinberg_n alsatia_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n which_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n and_o consist_v of_o imperial_a town_n and_o other_o town_n which_o the_o king_n of_o france_n now_o hold_v then_o the_o palatinate_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o rhine_n which_o be_v now_o partly_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o spaniard_n partly_o in_o that_o of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o protestant_n 8._o the_o duchy_n of_o lorraine_n which_o before_o acknowledge_v the_o duke_n be_v now_o almost_o altogether_o in_o the_o king_n of_o frances_n his_o hand_n 9_o the_o principality_n of_o liege_n be_v depend_v from_o the_o bishopric_n thereof_o 10._o the_o duchy_n of_o juliers_n and_o great_a part_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o cleves_n now_o divide_v between_o the_o duke_n of_o newburg_n and_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n 11._o the_o archbishopric_a of_o treve_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n of_o mosella_n 12._o the_o seventeen_o province_n of_o netherlands_n four_o of_o which_o be_v dutchy_n brabant_n luxembourg_n limbourg_n and_o guelderland_n they_o belong_v to_o the_o spaniard_n part_n of_o guelderland_n except_v and_o some_o town_n of_o brabant_n the_o marquisat_n of_o the_o holy_a empire_n which_o be_v the_o town_n of_o antwerp_n seven_o county_n namur_n hainault_n artois_n flanders_n these_o four_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o spaniard_n except_v that_o which_o the_o french_a hold_n in_o artois_n and_o hainault_n and_o the_o sluice_n and_o other_o place_n which_o the_o hollander_n hold_v in_o flanders_n the_o three_o other_o county_n be_v zealand_n holland_n and_o zutphen_n there_o be_v five_o lordship_n more_o mechlen_n which_o the_o spaniard_n hold_v and_o utrecht_n overissell_n west-friesland_n and_o groan_v which_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o hollander_n all_o these_o be_v common_o call_v the_o seventeen_o province_n of_o netherlands_o and_o the_o belgic_a gaul_n although_o some_o of_o they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o extent_n of_o gaul_n and_o beyond_o the_o rhine_n as_o overissel_n friesland_n groan_v and_o part_n of_o guelderland_n all_o these_o estate_n contain_v within_o the_o extent_n of_o gaul_n be_v of_o no_o great_a importance_n neither_o be_v they_o able_a to_o resist_v the_o french_a except_v those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o spaniard_n or_o protect_v by_o the_o empire_n to_o these_o cambray_n must_v be_v add_v a_o imperial_a and_o archi-episcopal_a town_n hold_v by_o the_o spaniard_n paragraphe_n v._n here_o let_v we_o enumerate_v all_o the_o prince_n contain_v in_o that_o great_a peninsula_n call_v italy_n between_o the_o golph_n of_o venice_n the_o coast_n of_o genoa_n toscana_n naples_n the_o golph_n of_o tarento_n the_o jonique_fw-la sea_n and_o the_o alps_n within_o that_o extent_n there_o be_v many_o prince_n the_o most_o considerable_a be_v six_o 1._o the_o king_n of_o spain_n hold_v the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n with_o some_o place_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n and_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o town_n of_o sienna_n 2._o the_o pope_n with_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n beside_o the_o sovereignty_n over_o naples_n and_o parma_n hold_v in_o proper_a dominion_n above_o three_o hundred_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o a_o hundred_o in_o breadth_n begin_v from_o caieta_n to_o ferrara_n and_o to_o the_o country_n of_o the_o venetian_n he_o possess_v the_o whole_a latium_n common_o call_v campagna_n di_fw-it roma_fw-it where_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n stand_v part_n of_o toscana_n with_o the_o territory_n of_o st_n peter_n the_o town_n of_o perousa_n viterbo_n orvietta_n the_o duchy_n of_o spoleto_n where_o marca_n d'_fw-fr ancona_n be_v seat_v the_o duchy_n of_o urbino_n late_o devolve_v to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n by_o the_o extinction_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o roveros_n which_o hold_v it_o in_o fee_n the_o town_n of_o bolonia_n and_o ravenna_n the_o duchy_n of_o ferrara_n return_v to_o the_o church_n under_o pope_n clement_n the_o viii_o a_o 1598._o by_o the_o extinction_n of_o the_o lawful_a male_n of_o the_o family_n of_o est_fw-la also_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n the_o duchy_n and_o town_n of_o benevent_v in_o these_o country_n there_o be_v above_o fifty_o bishopric_n and_o above_o a_o million_o and_o a_o half_a of_o inhabitant_n 3._o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n possess_v beside_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n seat_v within_o the_o marsh_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n within_o the_o continent_n of_o italy_n histria_n a_o peninsula_n the_o country_n of_o friuli_n call_v in_o old_a time_n forum_n julii_n milan_n vicenza_n verona_n brixia_n bergumo_n and_o out_o of_o italy_n from_o histria_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o ragousa_n almost_o all_o that_o be_v on_o that_o coast_n of_o the_o golph_n of_o venice_n where_o the_o town_n of_o zara_n sebennico_n spalaro_fw-la cataro_n and_o every_o be_v venice_n border_v upon_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n and_o share_v with_o it_o the_o country_n of_o dalmatia_n and_o slavonia_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n venice_n hold_v the_o isle_n of_o corfou_n zante_n cephalenia_n cerigo_n and_o the_o great_a island_n of_o candy_n now_o dispute_v to_o they_o by_o the_o turk_n and_o even_o before_o the_o turk_n invasion_n candy_n call_v itself_o a_o sovereign_a commonwealth_n acknowledge_v for_o their_o head_n francisco_n erizzo_n of_o a_o ancient_a family_n in_o the_o year_n 1470._o one_o of_o his_o ancestor_n be_v governor_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o negrepont_n be_v take_v by_o the_o turk_n and_o saw_v in_o two_o contrary_a to_o the_o faith_n give_v to_o he_o 8._o the_o great_a duke_n of_o toscana_n be_v possess_v with_o the_o estate_n of_o three_o ancient_a commonwealth_n pisa_n florence_n and_o sienna_n his_o territory_n run_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o toscan_n sea_n where_o he_o have_v also_o the_o isle_n of_o elva_n the_o now_o duke_n be_v ferdinand_n ii_o 9_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genoa_n possess_v almost_o all_o that_o which_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o riviera_n di_fw-it genoa_n and_o liguria_n they_o hold_v also_o the_o island_n of_o corsica_n 6._o the_o prince_n of_o piedmont_n be_v the_o same_o as_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n he_o hold_v in_o italy_n valdosta_n vercellois_n piedmont_n the_o marquisat_n of_o salluce_n the_o now_o duke_n be_v charles_n emanuel_n beside_o these_o six_o considerable_a prince_n there_o be_v some_o of_o a_o low_a form_n the_o duke_n of_o mantua_n who_o country_n be_v compass_v by_o the_o venetian_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n and_o the_o river_n of_o po_n on_o the_o other_o the_o duke_n of_o modena_n and_o rhegio_n which_o be_v a_o imperial_a fee_n hold_v by_o the_o remnant_n of_o the_o family_n of_o est_fw-la or_o aâ—estini_n the_o duke_n of_o parma_n and_o placentia_n who_o beside_o that_o fee_n of_o which_o he_o be_v invest_v by_o pope_n paul_n the_o iii_o have_v or_o claim_v as_o a_o proper_a inheritance_n of_o the_o house_n farnesi_n the_o duchy_n of_o castro_n in_o tescana_n near_o rome_n out_o of_o which_o he_o be_v late_o
and_o become_v duke_n and_o earl_n likewise_o the_o idleness_n of_o the_o successor_n of_o charlemain_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o confusion_n rise_v in_o germany_n after_o the_o extinction_n of_o that_o race_n give_v a_o beginning_n to_o so_o many_o fee_n both_o secular_a and_o ecclesiastical_a which_o be_v now_o in_o germany_n the_o governor_n have_v make_v themselves_o lord_n and_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o great_a house_n now_o in_o be_v which_o nevertheless_o have_v go_v through_o many_o change_n some_o family_n be_v extinct_a and_o some_o fee_n sell_v transport_v or_o confiscate_v among_o these_o family_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o indeed_o the_o most_o remarkable_a at_o this_o time_n be_v that_o of_o austria_n 3._o the_o french_a king_n of_o the_o first_o race_n possess_v a_o kingdom_n of_o vast_a extent_n which_o they_o divide_v into_o ostrick_n and_o westrick_n ostrick_n which_o by_o corruption_n and_o french_a termination_n be_v call_v austrasie_a be_v the_o eastern_a part_n and_o comprehend_v the_o country_n towards_o the_o river_n msa_n and_o beyond_o the_o rhine_n and_o as_o far_o as_o hungary_n westrick_n which_o by_o corruption_n be_v call_v neustria_n comprehend_v the_o western_a part_n from_o mosa_n towards_o britain_n these_o name_n be_v long_o preserve_v even_o to_o the_o age_n of_o charlemain_n and_o be_v lose_v by_o the_o new_a partage_n between_o the_o child_n of_o lewis_n the_o meek_a yet_o the_o name_n of_o neustria_n stick_v long_o to_o the_o western_a part_n which_o be_v now_o call_v normandy_n for_o britain_n be_v a_o state_n by_o itself_o the_o name_n of_o ostrick_n be_v lose_v by_o the_o same_o partage_n remain_v nevertheless_o to_o the_o most_o eastern_a part_n and_o the_o next_o to_o hungary_n and_o be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v austria_n a_o word_n corrupt_v from_o ostrick_n and_o ostenrick_n and_o be_v that_o province_n seat_v upon_o danubius_n where_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o vienna_n stand_v 4._o in_o that_o country_n otho_n the_o iii_o about_o the_o year_n 1000_o establish_v leopold_n a_o marquis_n that_o be_v a_o keeper_n of_o those_o march_n against_o the_o ordinary_a excursion_n of_o the_o hungarian_n that_o leopold_n be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o first_o house_n of_o marquess_n since_o duke_n of_o austria_n which_o continue_v till_o a_o certain_a friderick_n who_o go_v to_o the_o war_n of_o naples_n against_o charles_n brother_n of_o st._n lewis_n and_o be_v take_v with_o conradin_n a_o competitor_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v behead_v with_o he_o by_o his_o death_n without_o child_n austria_n return_v to_o the_o empire_n but_o wenceslaus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n seek_v to_o join_v it_o to_o his_o state_n and_o send_v thither_o his_o son_n ottocarus_n who_o have_v conspire_v against_o the_o empire_n with_o the_o hungarian_n be_v degrade_v and_o put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o emperor_n rudolphus_n of_o who_o we_o be_v now_o to_o speak_v 5._o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n friderick_n the_o second_o the_o great_a enemy_n of_o pope_n which_o be_v about_o the_o year_n 1231._o the_o faction_n be_v so_o great_a about_o a_o new_a election_n that_o there_o be_v a_o anarchy_n of_o twenty_o year_n and_o above_o under_o these_o titular_a emperor_n william_n earl_n of_o holland_n richard_z of_o england_n and_o alphonsus_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o end_n after_o many_o assembly_n and_o contention_n the_o elector_n give_v their_o vote_n to_o rudolphus_n earl_n of_o habsburg_n who_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o whole_a empire_n that_o election_n be_v in_o the_o year_n 1255._o five_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o st._n lewis_n philip_n le_fw-fr hardy_n then_o reign_v in_o france_n 6._o between_o basel_n and_o soleurre_n canton_n of_o switzerland_n there_o be_v triestein_n castle_n the_o lord_n whereof_o have_v the_o title_n of_o count_n and_o by_o the_o woman_n inherit_v the_o county_n of_o habsburg_n and_o take_v the_o title_n of_o the_o same_o of_o that_o house_n be_v this_o rodolphus_n before_o who_o there_o be_v no_o certainty_n of_o the_o history_n of_o their_o house_n who_o by_o his_o virtue_n be_v elect_v emperor_n an._n 1275._o and_o dye_v in_o the_o 1291._o the_o duchy_n of_o austria_n be_v then_o vacant_a and_o ottocarus_n the_o bohemian_a have_v invade_v it_o and_o make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o hungarian_n against_o the_o empire_n rodolphus_n divest_v he_o of_o it_o and_o slay_v he_o and_o an._n 1282._o invest_v his_o son_n albert_n in_o the_o same_o in_o that_o albert_n we_o must_v take_v the_o birth_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n and_o although_o that_o albert_n be_v also_o emperor_n from_o the_o year_n 1298._o till_o 1308_o yet_o his_o descent_n return_v not_o to_o that_o quality_n but_o 130._o year_n after_o and_o go_v for_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n as_o other_o imperial_a family_n only_o in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n john_n 22._o there_o be_v a_o great_a contention_n for_o the_o empire_n between_o friderick_n of_o austria_n and_o lewis_n of_o bavieres_n the_o whole_a pedigree_n of_o that_o house_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o table_n of_o bertius_fw-la from_o the_o creation_n of_o rudolphus_n of_o habsburg_n an._n 1275._o to_o the_o year_n 1438._o when_v the_o empire_n enter_v so_o into_o that_o house_n that_o it_o do_v not_o come_v out_o since_o paragraphe_n iii_o so_o much_o be_v know_v then_o that_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n by_o the_o death_n of_o albert_n the_o first_o lose_v the_o empire_n and_o fall_v back_o into_o the_o state_n of_o a_o private_a principality_n and_o that_o less_o considerable_a than_o the_o house_n of_o saxony_n bavieres_n and_o luxemburg_n which_o furnish_v many_o emperor_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v till_o the_o emperor_n albert_n the_o ii_o sigismond_n the_o emperor_n of_o the_o house_n of_o luxemburg_n be_v son_n to_o charles_n the_o iv_o emperor_n and_o grandchild_n to_o john_n king_n of_o bohemia_n and_o that_o charles_n the_o iv_o be_v he_o that_o make_v the_o golden_a bull_n and_o establish_v a_o certain_a form_n of_o imperial_a election_n this_o charles_n be_v grandchild_n to_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o vii_o head_n of_o the_o house_n of_o luxemburg_n sigismond_n have_v no_o male_a issue_n and_o give_v his_o only_a daughter_n elizabeth_n to_o albert_n of_o austria_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n in_o law_n be_v elect_v emperor_n an._n 1438._o and_o this_o house_n have_v ever_o since_o keep_v the_o empire_n from_o that_o year_n these_o emperor_n reign_v albert_n the_o ii_o who_o reign_v two_o year_n friderick_n the_o iii_o his_o cousin_n who_o reign_v 53_o year_n maximilian_n son_n of_o friderick_n who_o reign_v 26_o year_n charles_n the_o v._o who_o reign_v 36_o year_n ferdinand_n i._o brother_n to_o charles_n who_o reign_v 9_o year_n maximilian_n son_n of_o ferdinand_n who_o reign_v 12_o year_n rodolphus_n ii_o son_n of_o maximilian_n who_o reign_v 36_o year_n mathias_n brother_n to_o adolphus_n who_o reign_v 7_o year_n ferdinand_n ii_o cousin_n to_o the_o two_o precedent_a emperor_n who_o reign_v 19_o year_n to_o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n ferdinand_n iii_o who_o be_v the_o ten_o of_o that_o house_n from_o the_o year_n 1438._o to_o which_o if_o you_o add_v the_o three_o of_o ancient_a date_n there_o have_v be_v thirteen_o emperor_n of_o the_o house_n and_o name_n of_o austria_n that_o house_n may_v be_v consider_v either_o in_o her_o patrimonial_a estate_n which_o she_o hold_v in_o germany_n before_o her_o greatness_n or_o in_o her_o great_a rise_n which_o spring_v out_o of_o three_o head_n 1._o the_o marriage_n of_o maximilian_n with_o mary_n the_o inheritrix_n of_o the_o seventeen_o province_n of_o netherlands_o franche_fw-mi county_n and_o the_o good_n not_o masculine_a of_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n 2._o the_o marriage_n of_o philip_n son_n of_o maximilian_n and_o mary_n of_o burgundy_n with_o jane_n the_o inheritrix_n of_o spain_n and_o by_o consequent_a of_o sicily_n naples_n and_o the_o west_n indies_n and_o soon_o after_o of_o portugal_n and_o the_o east_n indies_n 3._o the_o marriage_n of_o ferdinand_n brother_z to_z charles_n the_o v._o with_o anne_n the_o inheritrix_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n and_o hungaria_n the_o great_a estate_n of_o that_o house_n be_v accrue_v to_o they_o by_o these_o way_n we_o will_v speak_v here_o of_o the_o patrimonial_a dominion_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n reserve_v the_o rest_n for_o the_o follow_a paragraphes_n the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n whole_o seat_v in_o germany_n and_o upon_o the_o river_n danubius_n have_v on_o the_o south_n the_o mountain_n of_o tirolis_n and_o towards_o the_o rhine_n alsatia_n bound_v eastward_o with_o hungary_n and_o poland_n southward_o by_o the_o venetian_n westward_o by_o the_o swisser_n and_o northward_o by_o many_o prince_n of_o germany_n that_o estate_n be_v compose_v with_o many_o piece_n which_o be_v
enclose_v within_o the_o ocean_n the_o med_n terranean_a sea_n and_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n under_o several_a name_n of_o kingdom_n as_o we_o shall_v say_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n and_o these_o distinguish_v into_o three_o general_a jurisdiction_n of_o castilia_n arragon_n and_o portugal_n it_o be_v true_a that_o since_o the_o late_a war_n the_o revolt_n of_o portugal_n and_o catalonia_n have_v clip_v so_o much_o of_o his_o domtnion_n and_o the_o french_a have_v take_v from_o he_o the_o county_n of_o roussillon_n 2._o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n he_o possess_v the_o two_o baleares_n mallorca_n and_o minorca_n and_o the_o two_o land_n in_o old_a time_n call_v ophiusae_n now_o ivica_fw-la and_o fromentera_n 3._o in_o italy_n he_o have_v all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n which_o be_v almost_o the_o half_a of_o it_o and_o the_o most_o easterly_a part_n from_o cajeta_n or_o fondi_n to_o the_o golph_n of_o tarento_n and_o the_o straight_a of_o messina_n 4._o in_o the_o same_o italy_n he_o have_v the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n with_o the_o territory_n of_o pavia_n tortona_n cremona_n etc._n etc._n 5._o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o tuscan_a sea_n he_o have_v final_a piombino_n porto_n hercule_n and_o orbitello_n of_o late_o the_o prince_n of_o monaco_n have_v shake_v off_o his_o yoke_n in_o toscana_n the_o great_a duke_n of_o florence_n do_v he_o homage_n for_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o sienna_n and_o owe_v he_o service_n 6._o in_o that_o sea_n about_o italy_n he_o have_v the_o isle_n of_o sardima_n and_o sicily_n and_o be_v sovereign_a of_o the_o isle_n of_o malta_n which_o the_o old_a geographer_n reckon_v among_o the_o african_a land_n the_o great_a master_n of_o that_o island_n owe_v he_o some_o homage_n for_o it_o 7._o in_o the_o celtique_a gaul_n he_o have_v the_o franche_fw-mi county_n or_o the_o county_n of_o burgundy_n and_o in_o the_o duchy_n of_o burgundy_n he_o have_v the_o county_n of_o charrolois_n 8._o in_o the_o belgic_a gaul_n he_o have_v possess_v till_o the_o end_n of_o the_o last_o age_n all_o that_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o seventeen_o province_n he_o keep_v to_o this_o day_n the_o dutchy_n of_o luxemburg_n &_o limburg_n the_o duchy_n of_o brabant_n but_o pare_v about_o by_o the_o loss_n of_o maestritcht_a the_o bose_n breda_n and_o bergupzom_n part_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o gelder_n the_o county_n of_o namur_n hainant_n artois_n and_o flanders_n all_o maim_a with_o the_o loss_n of_o some_o limb_n by_o our_o late_a war_n also_o the_o marquisat_n of_o the_o holy_a empire_n which_o be_v antwerp_n and_o the_o principality_n of_o mechlen_n the_o remnant_n of_o these_o seventeen_o province_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n beside_o that_o which_o the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v take_v in_o all_o that_o large_a extent_n of_o land_n the_o spaniard_n suffer_v the_o exercise_n of_o no_o religion_n but_o the_o roman_a though_o he_o go_v for_o a_o great_a sovereign_n yet_o many_o of_o his_o land_n depend_v from_o ooth_a prince_n the_o see_v of_o rome_n have_v great_a pretence_n upon_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o arragon_n heacknowledgerh_n without_o contradiction_n the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o church_n over_o his_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n yet_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o he_o owe_v the_o same_o homage_n for_o sicily_n for_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n and_o other_o land_n which_o he_o hold_v in_o italy_n he_o must_v acknowledge_v the_o empire_n from_o which_o he_o have_v receive_v the_o investiture_n of_o the_o same_o franche_fw-mi county_n be_v a_o imperial_a fee_n as_o also_o the_o province_n of_o netherlands_n not_o depend_v of_o france_n do_v owe_v homage_n to_o the_o empire_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1608._o when_v the_o truce_n be_v make_v between_o spain_n and_o holland_n these_o two_o state_n dispute_v of_o their_o sovereignty_n in_o the_o first_o article_n the_o emperor_n rodolphus_n frame_v a_o opposition_n against_o that_o article_n and_o claim_v the_o sovereignty_n as_o belong_v to_o the_o empire_n but_o the_o treaty_n pass_v without_o any_o reflection_n to_o that_o claim_n final_o although_o the_o spaniard_n acknowledge_v our_o king_n no_o more_o neither_o for_o flanders_n nor_o for_o artois_n it_o be_v not_o well_o resolve_v yet_o by_o what_o right_a he_o have_v shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n and_o the_o french_a pretend_v that_o the_o treaty_n of_o madrid_n cambray_n and_o crespy_n in_o valois_n which_o contain_v that_o session_n have_v not_o be_v authorize_v by_o the_o general_a state_n of_o france_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v possessor_n of_o such_o a_o great_a extent_n of_o land_n be_v a_o neighbour_n to_o most_o of_o the_o christian_a prince_n as_o will_v be_v show_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o second_o chapter_n and_o have_v always_o some_o difference_n with_o they_o the_o now_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v philip_n the_o iv_o of_o the_o roman_a religion_n paragraphe_n iii_o here_o we_o will_v look_v upon_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o state_n be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o old_a galley_n narbonensis_n aquitanica_fw-la celtica_n and_o belgica_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o possess_v they_o all_o the_o whole_a narbonensis_n belong_v to_o he_o except_v avignon_n nice_n savoy_n geneva_n and_o orange_n the_o whole_a aquitanica_fw-la be_v his_o since_o the_o small_a principality_n of_o bearn_n which_o with_o small_a reason_n have_v be_v pretend_v to_o be_v sovereign_a in_o her_o right_n and_o custom_n have_v be_v unite_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o begin_v to_o have_v the_o same_o prince_n by_o the_o come_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o to_o the_o crown_n the_o whole_a celtica_n belong_v likewise_o to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n except_v only_o the_o french_a county_n and_o the_o imperial_a town_n of_o besancon_n of_o the_o belgica_n the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v the_o least_o part_n the_o i_o will_v of_o france_n pays_n de_fw-fr caux_n boulonnois_n picardi_n beauvoisis_a champagne_n brie_n and_o by_o good_a or_o bad_a title_n the_o town_n of_o mets_n thoul_n and_o verdun_n of_o which_o in_o the_o first_o invasion_n he_o declare_v himself_o protector_n only_a by_o the_o late_a war_n he_o have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o most_o part_n of_o lorraine_n of_o the_o town_n of_o brisach_n and_o of_o other_o town_n of_o alsatia_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v common_o roman_a catholic_n yet_o protestant_n be_v tolerate_v in_o the_o state_n the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v neighbour_a upon_o spain_n by_o the_o pyrenean_n hill_n on_o that_o side_n the_o french_a and_o the_o spaniard_n have_v not_o much_o trouble_a one_o another_o but_o of_o late_a year_n in_o which_o the_o french_a have_v unfortunate_o attempt_v spain_n about_o fontarabie_n but_o fortunate_o about_o roussillon_n and_o catalonia_n but_o about_o the_o low_a country_n and_o franche_n county_n which_o lie_v open_a to_o both_o the_o nation_n there_o have_v be_v much_o stir_n and_o action_n on_o the_o side_n of_o provence_n and_o dauphin_n the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n be_v neighbour_n to_o france_n for_o savoy_n and_o piedmont_n join_v to_o the_o foresay_a province_n the_o county_n of_o avignon_n belong_v to_o the_o pope_n be_v enclose_v within_o provence_n by_o dauphin_n the_o french_a touch_n the_o commonwealth_n of_o geneva_n by_o the_o country_n of_o bresse_n and_o the_o bailliage_n of_o gez_n and_o verromey_n they_o enter_v within_o switzerland_n into_o the_o canton_n of_o berne_n by_o champagne_n they_o have_v the_o duke_n of_o lorraine_n for_o their_o neighbour_n but_o now_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o his_o country_n so_o all_o their_o neighbour_n be_v weak_a the_o king_n of_o spain_n except_v the_o present_a king_n of_o france_n be_v lewis_n the_o fourteen_o of_o the_o roman_a profession_n paragraphe_n iu._n in_o this_o paragraphewe_n will_v set_v down_o all_o the_o prince_n contain_v within_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n beside_o the_o king_n of_o france_n 1._o in_o gallia_n narbonensis_n the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n hold_v the_o duchy_n of_o savoy_n the_o country_n of_o chablais_n and_o tarantaise_n and_o the_o town_n of_o chambery_n and_o upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n near_o the_o river_n of_o var_n the_o town_n and_o county_n of_o nice_a which_o be_v sometime_o a_o member_n of_o provence_n and_o be_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o var_n it_o be_v partly_o in_o france_n partly_o in_o italy_n 2._o the_o pope_n hold_v the_o county_n of_o venaissyn_n or_o avignon_n a_o ancient_a member_n of_o provence_n with_o the_o four_o bishopric_n belong_v to_o it_o avignon_n carpentras_n cavaillon_n and_o vezon_n there_o also_o be_v orange_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n of_o nassau_n 3._o the_o city_n of_o geneva_n with_o her_o territory_n make_v herself_o a_o sovereign_a commonwealth_n about_o the_o year_n 1535._o when_v the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n the_o bishop_n of_o geneva_n and_o the_o city_n be_v in_o
inhabit_v they_o know_v more_o than_o this_o author_n and_o therefore_o leave_v that_o little_a which_o he_o say_v of_o they_o paragraphe_n xii_o be_v now_o come_v to_o the_o west_n we_o meet_v with_o the_o most_o considerable_a piece_n of_o europe_n which_o be_v the_o empire_n of_o germany_n the_o empire_n begin_v by_o julius_n caesar_n but_o found_v by_o augustus_n possess_v all_o the_o know_a country_n of_o the_o west_n but_o be_v great_o diminish_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 400._o for_o then_o by_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o goth_n ostrogoth_n alan_n huns_n herule_v vandal_n frankes_n and_o other_o many_o state_n be_v found_v and_o final_o the_o empire_n cease_v in_o the_o west_n altogether_o in_o the_o year_n 445._o by_o the_o death_n of_o augustulus_n and_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o the_o west_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o state_n in_o the_o year_n 800._o the_o empire_n of_o the_o west_n begin_v afresh_o in_o the_o person_n of_o charlemaigne_n who_o under_o that_o name_n possess_v all_o the_o gaul_n part_n of_o spain_n almost_o all_o italy_n the_o great_a germany_n hungary_n slavonia_n part_n of_o poland_n and_o denmark_n and_o other_o northern_a country_n but_o his_o posterity_n have_v degenerate_v that_o empire_n go_v from_o his_o family_n about_o the_o year_n 912._o and_o after_o a_o long_a dispute_n about_o it_o between_o the_o italian_a and_o german_a prince_n oath_n duke_n of_o saxony_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o and_o from_o that_o time_n that_o which_o remain_v of_o the_o empire_n have_v continue_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o german_a prince_n that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o empire_n at_o this_o day_n have_v more_o shadow_n than_o substance_n i_o call_v a_o shadow_n all_o the_o pretence_n of_o the_o emperor_n out_o of_o germany_n which_o be_v wear_v out_o with_o age_n and_o lose_v or_o remain_v with_o small_a vigour_n as_o the_o pretence_n of_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n and_o the_o low-countries_n savoy_n franche_n county_n besancon_n and_o the_o like_a in_o germany_n he_o have_v some_o real_a and_o effective_a power_n germany_n at_o this_o time_n comprehend_v all_o that_o country_n between_o the_o border_n of_o hungary_n and_o poland_n on_o the_o east_n the_o baltique_a sea_n and_o denmark_n on_o the_o north_n the_o germanic_a sea_n and_o france_n on_o the_o west_n and_o the_o river_n of_o rhine_n and_o the_o alps_n on_o the_o south_n neither_o be_v the_o emperor_n absolute_a every_o where_n or_o in_o the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o large_a space_n for_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o ten_o circle_n or_o great_a province_n which_o have_v a_o proper_a right_a to_o assemble_v themselves_o to_o look_v to_o their_o own_o business_n and_o send_v deputy_n to_o the_o general_a diet_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o in_o every_o one_o of_o these_o circle_n there_o be_v many_o free_a city_n and_o many_o secular_a and_o ecclesiastical_a prince_n the_o chief_a be_v the_o seven_o electour_n three_o ecclesiastical_a the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n collen_n and_o treve_n four_o secular_a the_o count_n palatine_n the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o the_o marquesse_n of_o brandenhurg_n and_o next_o to_o these_o the_o duke_n of_o banteres_n the_o duke_n of_o wirtenberg_n luneburg_n mechelburg_n brunswick_n the_o landgrave_n of_o hesse_n and_o many_o other_o but_o above_o all_o these_o house_n that_o of_o austria_n be_v considerable_a of_o which_o we_o must_v speak_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n for_o beside_o the_o title_n of_o emperor_n by_o election_n now_o continue_v in_o their_o family_n for_o many_o descent_n they_o possess_v their_o ancient_a patrimony_n austria_n stiria_n carinthia_n carnia_n tirolis_n elzas_n they_o hold_v also_o bohemia_n and_o that_o little_a part_n of_o hungary_n which_o remain_v unto_o the_o christian_n all_o germany_n be_v divide_v between_o papist_n lutheran_n and_o calvinist_n these_o three_o and_o the_o mahometan_a and_o the_o greek_a religion_n be_v the_o principal_a religion_n know_v in_o europe_n chap._n ii_o by_o what_o degree_n the_o house_n of_o austria_n be_v come_v to_o those_o great_a estate_n which_o it_o possess_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o among_o the_o christian_a prince_n the_o two_o most_o considerable_a family_n be_v those_o of_o france_n and_o austria_n and_o although_o it_o be_v know_v that_o the_o house_n of_o france_n have_v all_o the_o prerogative_n of_o antiquity_n nobility_n and_o glory_n above_o the_o other_o yet_o that_o of_o austria_n be_v more_o powerful_a for_o extent_n of_o land_n and_o multitude_n of_o people_n and_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o more_o eminent_a quality_n which_o be_v the_o empire_n but_o because_o they_o hold_v it_o only_o by_o election_n they_o have_v that_o pre-eminence_n but_o for_o a_o time_n so_o that_o the_o family_n of_o austria_n from_o a_o sovereign_n may_v become_v a_o subject_a which_o can_v never_o happen_v to_o the_o sovereign_n by_o succession_n but_o by_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o state_n now_o because_o these_o two_o family_n draw_v to_o their_o motion_n the_o most_o part_n of_o our_o christian_a western_a world_n and_o that_o since_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n the_o house_n of_o austria_n have_v take_v a_o stupendous_a growth_n it_o will_v be_v to_o good_a purpose_n to_o examine_v in_o this_o chapter_n her_o birth_n progress_n and_o greatness_n for_o we_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o greatness_n of_o france_n which_o be_v a_o ground_a monarchy_n of_o twelve_o hundred_o year_n stand_v but_o it_o be_v but_o of_o late_a that_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n dare_v claim_v equality_n with_o the_o house_n of_o france_n paragraphe_n i._n yet_o so_o much_o we_o will_v say_v of_o the_o house_n of_o france_n 1._o it_o be_v certain_a that_o this_o kingdom_n be_v erect_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o the_o year_n 419._o pharamont_n be_v elect_v king_n by_o the_o frankes_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n in_o the_o country_n of_o sicambria_n which_o be_v guelderland_n uretcht_v friesland_n and_o other_o country_n thereabouts_o but_o neither_o he_o nor_o his_o son_n clodion_n the_o chevelu_n pass_v ever_o into_o france_n for_o any_o thing_n that_o we_o read_v but_o send_v forth_o their_o army_n to_o conquer_v it_o merovee_n the_o three_o king_n be_v the_o first_o that_o come_v to_o paris_n and_o take_v it_o and_o settle_a himself_o with_o the_o frankes_n in_o gaul_n from_o he_o be_v the_o first_o race_n of_o french_a king_n denominate_v and_o call_v the_o race_n of_o the_o merovingian_o 2._o clovis_n the_o five_o king_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 500_o and_o bring_v the_o french_a state_n to_o great_a splendour_n by_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o roman_n near_a soissons_fw-fr laon_n and_o reins_o by_o the_o conquest_n of_o gaul_n aquitanique_n and_o by_o the_o defeat_n of_o alaric_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o goth_n the_o son_n of_o that_o clovis_n about_o the_o year_n 527._o conquer_v the_o state_n of_o the_o burgundian_n or_o bourgognon_n so_o that_o race_n of_o the_o merovingian_o about_o the_o year_n of_o 530._o be_v possess_v of_o all_o the_o gaul_n yet_o divide_v into_o tetrarchy_n by_o the_o child_n of_o clovis_n and_o again_o by_o their_o descent_n that_o race_n with_o the_o gaul_n hold_v great_a part_n of_o germany_n and_o have_v do_v great_a service_n to_o the_o church_n and_o protect_v desolate_a pope_n get_v from_o they_o the_o name_n of_o most_o christian_n &_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o church_n when_o that_o title_n be_v give_v they_o we_o can_v precise_o tell_v yet_o saint_n gregory_n who_o live_v in_o the_o year_n 600._o say_v that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v as_o eminent_a above_o other_o king_n as_o every_o king_n be_v above_o his_o subject_n that_o first_o race_n keep_v long_o the_o fierceness_n of_o german-barbarousnesse_n and_o about_o the_o year_n 650._o after_o the_o death_n of_o dagobert_n they_o degenerate_v to_o idleness_n and_o so_o continue_v for_o a_o hundred_o year_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o mayres_z of_o the_o palace_n to_o encroach_v upon_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n among_o who_o charles_n martel_n be_v most_o eminent_a who_o have_v defeat_v the_o sarrasin_n near_o tours_n and_o kill_v three_o hundred_o threescore_o and_o six_o thousand_o man_n and_o relieve_v the_o pope_n against_o the_o lombard_n raise_v much_o the_o honour_n of_o france_n and_o his_o own_o but_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o first_o royal_a line_n which_o end_v in_o the_o degradation_n of_o the_o unfortunate_a chilperic_n in_o the_o year_n 752._o have_v subsist_v 333_o year_n 5._o the_o second_o race_n much_o more_o illustrious_a than_o the_o first_o begin_v in_o the_o person_n of_o pippin_n son_n to_o that_o charles_n martel_n a_o valorous_a &_o fortunate_a prince_n devout_o addict_v to_o the_o roman_a
exclude_v of_o the_o house_n of_o bourbon_n which_o stir_v the_o parliament_n to_o make_v that_o famous_a arrest_n for_o the_o maintain_n of_o the_o salic_a law_n to_o which_o the_o wise_a of_o the_o league_n yield_v philip_n the_o ii_o of_o spain_n in_o that_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n set_v up_o his_o daughter_n title_n and_o present_v she_o to_o be_v queen_n but_o present_o perceive_v the_o weakness_n of_o that_o title_n and_o the_o aversion_n of_o the_o french_a from_o the_o government_n of_o a_o woman_n he_o offer_v to_o marry_v she_o either_o with_o a_o prince_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n or_o with_o one_o of_o the_o house_n of_o lorraine_n who_o imaginary_a right_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n plead_v and_o to_o strengthen_v all_o these_o right_n he_o say_v that_o the_o election_n by_o the_o state_n will_v supply_v all_o defect_n in_o the_o right_n of_o succession_n it_o appear_v that_o philip_n acknowledge_v the_o weakness_n of_o his_o daughter_n right_a since_o he_o present_v she_o to_o be_v elect_v the_o salic_a law_n be_v fundamental_a in_o france_n wise_o institute_v and_o observe_v twelve_o hundred_o year_n together_o as_o for_o philip_n allegation_n that_o prince_n be_v not_o to_o be_v tie_v by_o municipal_a law_n but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v utter_o false_a for_o in_o the_o discussion_n of_o the_o right_n of_o all_o sovereign_n the_o municipal_a law_n be_v always_o examine_v and_o none_o can_v have_v right_a to_o a_o estate_n from_o which_o he_o be_v exclude_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o decision_n of_o all_o suit_n for_o estate_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o land_n where_o the_o estate_n lie_v but_o where_o those_o custom_n write_v or_o unwritten_a be_v want_v the_o case_n be_v to_o be_v decide_v by_o reason_n only_o the_o french_a think_v they_o have_v both_o law_n and_o reason_n on_o their_o side_n howsoever_o that_o isabel_n in_o who_o favour_n that_o right_o be_v set_v up_o die_v childless_a a_o 1633._o who_o right_a if_o she_o have_v any_o shall_v be_v devolve_v since_o to_o the_o child_n of_o her_o second_o sister_n katherine_n wife_n to_o charles_n emanuel_n duke_n of_o savoy_n from_o who_o all_o the_o house_n of_o savoy_n that_o now_o be_v be_v descend_v 4._o beside_o these_o imaginary_a right_n to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n the_o empire_n have_v a_o weak_a pretend_a right_a to_o some_o part_n of_o it_o whereupon_o we_o must_v observe_v that_o by_o the_o partage_n between_o the_o son_n of_o lewis_n the_o meek_a 843._o all_o the_o country_n that_o lie_v between_o the_o river_n of_o rhosne_fw-fr and_o saone_n and_o the_o alps_n viz._n provence_n dauphin_n savoy_n and_o french_a county_n remain_v imperial_a land_n and_o the_o french_a king_n in_o the_o second_o race_n yea_o and_o very_o far_o in_o the_o three_o race_n pretend_v nothing_o to_o they_o till_o dauphin_n come_v to_o they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n and_o provence_n in_o the_o time_n of_o lewis_n the_o xi_o and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v hold_v by_o lothary_a the_o elder_a son_n of_o lewis_n the_o meek_a and_o after_o he_o by_o his_o son_n lewis_n the_o young_a who_o die_v without_o heir_n male_a a_o state_n be_v erect_v in_o favour_n of_o his_o daughter_n hermengard_n between_o these_o two_o river_n and_o the_o alps_n which_o be_v call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o arles_n or_o the_o second_o kingdom_n of_o burgundy_n which_o continue_v under_o its_o proper_a king_n who_o pedigree_n be_v full_o describe_v by_o the_o historian_n du_fw-mi chesne_n unto_o the_o death_n of_o rodolphus_n the_o last_o king_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n a_o 1036._o leave_v his_o estate_n to_o the_o emperor_n conrade_n the_o two_o surname_v the_o salic_a who_o have_v marry_v his_o sister_n grisel_n or_o as_o some_o say_v be_v his_o nephew_n by_o she_o by_o that_o gift_n beside_o the_o ancient_a pretence_n of_o the_o empire_n upon_o that_o kingdom_n at_o least_o for_o the_o sovereignty_n the_o emperor_n become_v master_n of_o the_o same_o both_o by_o sovereignty_n and_o propriety_n and_o annex_v it_o to_o the_o empire_n at_o which_o time_n the_o arch_a bishop_n of_o treves_n take_v the_o name_n of_o cnancellor_n per_fw-la regnum_fw-la arelatense_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o emperor_n come_v to_o a_o great_a decay_n out_o of_o germany_n especial_o during_o the_o war_n between_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o iv_o and_o the_o pope_n four_o principality_n be_v frame_v in_o that_o kingdom_n of_o arles_n of_o the_o count_n of_o provence_n the_o dolphin_n of_o viennois_n the_o count_n of_o moriurre_n call_v since_o duke_n of_o savoy_n and_o the_o count_n of_o rurgundy_n which_o without_o question_n depend_v from_o the_o empire_n as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v any_o vigour_n in_o it_o but_o time_n have_v wear_v out_o that_o title_n and_o prescription_n be_v past_a uponit_a not_o to_o be_v break_v and_o the_o old_a title_n revive_v unless_o the_o emperor_n will_v together_o question_v most_o part_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o italy_n and_o the_o east_n and_o north_n gaul_n of_o these_o four_o principality_n that_o of_o savoy_n subsi_v to_o this_o day_n french_fw-mi county_n be_v fall_v to_o the_o house_n of_o flanders_n and_o so_o to_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n daulphiné_n be_v give_v to_o philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n by_o imbert_n dolphin_n about_o the_o year_n 1343._o and_o provence_n to_o lewis_n the_o xi_o a_o 1482._o by_o charles_n count_n of_o maine_n heir_n to_o rené_fw-fr king_n of_o naples_n and_o duke_n of_o anjou_n all_o these_o change_n and_o gift_n as_o for_o the_o propriety_n only_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v still_o pretend_v by_o the_o emperor_n which_o they_o may_v well_o be_v account_v to_o have_v lose_v by_o weakness_n desertion_n and_o by_o prescription_n as_o many_o other_o principality_n at_o this_o side_n of_o the_o rhine_n beside_o the_o french_a history_n relate_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1377._o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o iv_o be_v come_v into_o france_n to_o visit_v king_n charles_n the_o v._o give_v to_o his_o godson_n charles_n who_o since_o be_v charles_n the_o vi_o the_o right_n which_o the_o emperor_n pretend_a in_o daulphiné_n which_o be_v no_o great_a gift_n and_o theodorick_n à _fw-la niem_fw-la a_o historian_n of_o that_o age_n say_v that_o the_o same_o emperor_n be_v come_v to_o avignon_n to_o visit_v the_o pope_n give_v to_o lewis_n duke_n of_o anjou_n brother_n to_o charles_n the_o v._o of_o france_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o arles_n which_o have_v be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o recompense_n of_o the_o magnificent_a entertainment_n which_o the_o say_a lewis_n give_v he_o at_o villeneufue_n near_o avignon_n so_o all_o these_o right_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v lose_v either_o by_o prescription_n or_o donation_n these_o be_v all_o the_o right_n that_o can_v be_v imagine_v to_o be_v pretend_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n upon_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o france_n paragraphe_n ii_o of_o the_o right_n pretend_v upon_o provence_n let_v we_o now_o examine_v some_o pretence_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n upon_o some_o dutchy_n and_o other_o dominion_n in_o france_n begin_v at_o provence_n 1._o i_o show_v before_o how_o provence_n before_o the_o partage_n between_o the_o son_n of_o lewis_n the_o meek_a a_o fundamental_a and_o famous_a date_n in_o our_o history_n be_v part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n and_o when_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o tetrarchy_n it_o be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mets_n austrasia_n or_o burgundy_n but_o when_o before_o that_o famous_a division_n all_o france_n be_v reunite_v in_o the_o second_o race_n under_o these_o two_o great_a prince_n pepin_n and_o charlemain_n provence_n be_v a_o part_n of_o it_o 2._o by_o the_o partage_n between_o the_o son_n of_o lewis_n the_o meek_a provence_n with_o all_o that_o be_v beyond_o the_o river_n of_o rhosne_fw-fr and_o saone_n be_v cut_v off_o from_o the_o portion_n give_v to_o charles_n the_o bald_a and_o be_v since_o call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o arles_n all_o these_o piece_n give_v to_o lothary_a the_o elder_a brother_n be_v call_v the_o empire_n and_o imperial_a ground_n and_o to_o this_o day_n the_o land_n beyond_o the_o rhone_n towards_o italy_n be_v call_v terres_n d'_fw-fr empire_n land_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o land_n at_o this_o side_n terres_n de_fw-fr france_n french_a land_n since_o that_o partage_n the_o emperor_n have_v always_o pretend_v a_o sovereignty_n to_o those_o country_n a_o right_n strengthen_v by_o the_o donation_n make_v of_o the_o propriety_n of_o it_o to_o the_o emperor_n conrade_n the_o salic_a by_o his_o uncle_n or_o brother_n in_o law_n rodolphus_n the_o last_o king_n of_o burgundy_n 3._o lewis_n the_o ii_o emperor_n son_n to_o
that_o lothary_a leave_v but_o one_o daughter_n call_v hermengarda_n which_o be_v incapable_a of_o the_o title_n of_o emperor_n have_v instead_o of_o it_o that_o country_n between_o the_o river_n of_o saone_n and_o the_o rhone_n the_o alps_n and_o the_o sea_n which_o dominon_n be_v erect_v to_o the_o title_n of_o a_o kingdom_n by_o charles_n the_o bald_a king_n of_o france_n and_o emperor_n in_o favour_n of_o that_o hermengarda_fw-it who_o bozon_n one_o of_o the_o court_n of_o charles_n and_o his_o wife_n kinsman_n take_v away_o these_o two_o bozon_n and_o hermengarda_n give_v a_o beginning_n to_o that_o second_o kingdom_n of_o burgundy_n or_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arles_n about_o the_o year_n 875._o which_o continue_v under_o these_o king_n among_o many_o alteration_n to_o that_o last_o rodolphus_n a_o 1036._o all_o that_o time_n provence_n be_v part_n of_o that_o kingdom_n of_o arles_n 4._o which_o kingdom_n be_v extinct_a in_o that_o rodolphus_n and_o unite_v to_o the_o empire_n by_o conrade_n the_o salic_a short_o after_o by_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o disorder_n rise_v in_o the_o empire_n four_o principality_n be_v frame_v out_o of_o it_o as_o we_o say_v before_o that_o of_o provence_n under_o the_o title_n of_o a_o county_n be_v the_o most_o considerable_a as_o be_v full_a of_o good_a town_n and_o of_o great_a commerce_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o family_n of_o berenger_n with_o the_o title_n of_o count_n who_o history_n be_v write_v by_o nostradamus_n 5._o that_o house_n of_o berenger_n keep_v the_o county_n of_o provence_n till_o the_o time_n of_o st_n lewis_n when_o raymond_n berenger_n the_o last_o count_n leave_v four_o daughter_n the_o elder_a whereof_o margaret_n be_v marry_v to_o st_n lewis_n the_o three_z other_o be_v also_o marry_v to_o sovereign_a prince_n eleonor_n to_o henry_n the_o iii_o king_n of_o england_n fancy_n to_o richard_n his_o brother_n who_o be_v since_o create_v king_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o four_o daughter_n beatrix_n to_o charles_n count_n of_o anjou_n brother_n to_o st_n lewis_n raymond_n die_v a_o 1231._o left_a that_o beatrix_n heir_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n leave_v legacy_n only_o to_o the_o three_o other_o to_o each_o three_o thousand_o mark_n another_o raymond_n count_n of_o thoulouse_n will_v have_v take_v away_o that_o beatrix_n to_o marry_v she_o but_o st_o lewis_n prevent_v he_o send_v a_o army_n into_o provence_n and_o take_v she_o give_v she_o to_o his_o brother_n charles_n to_o wife_n to_o who_o he_o give_v the_o county_n of_o anjou_n and_o thirty_o year_n after_o the_o same_o charles_n be_v invest_v by_o the_o pope_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o two_o sicily_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o the_o county_n of_o anjou_n return_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n be_v give_v as_o a_o portion_n to_o margaret_n grandchild_n to_o that_o charles_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o charles_n count_n of_o valois_n father_n to_o king_n philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n and_o many_o year_n after_o that_o first_o branch_n of_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n and_o count_n of_o anjou_n pretend_v no_o right_n to_o that_o county_n it_o be_v give_v to_o lewis_n brother_z to_z king_n charles_n the_o v._o who_o found_v the_o second_o house_n of_o anjou_n now_o erect_v to_o a_o dukedom_n but_o the_o two_o other_o piece_n of_o that_o estate_n which_o charles_n brother_n to_o st._n lewis_n enjoy_v with_o his_o wife_n beatrix_n which_o be_v provence_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o two_o sicily_n remain_v always_o unite_v and_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n and_o sicily_n whether_o of_o the_o first_o house_n of_o anjou_n or_o of_o the_o second_o or_o of_o the_o family_n of_o arragon_n have_v always_o claim_v a_o right_a to_o the_o county_n of_o provence_n so_o that_o naples_n and_o provence_n go_v under_o one_o right_a as_o we_o shall_v more_o full_o expound_v when_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o claim_n of_o france_n upon_o naples_n 6._o jane_n queen_n of_o naples_n of_o the_o first_o house_n of_o anjou_n go_v out_o of_o italy_n an._n 1379._o with_o pope_n clement_n vii_o and_o retire_v to_o avignon_n when_o that_o great_a schism_n begin_v which_o contitinue_v forty_o year_n since_o which_o time_n although_o there_o have_v be_v many_o dispute_n for_o the_o succession_n of_o naples_n between_o the_o family_n of_o charles_n de_fw-fr duras_n the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n and_o the_o house_n of_o arragon_n and_o that_o portion_n of_o italy_n pass_v through_o many_o change_n yet_o province_n into_o which_o that_o jane_n retire_v be_v soon_o after_o put_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o lewis_n first_o duke_n of_o anjou_n brother_n to_o charles_n the_o v._o and_o both_o he_o and_o his_o descent_n enjoy_v it_o peaceable_o without_o any_o disturbance_n from_o the_o house_n of_o hungary_n and_o arragon_n who_o be_v fight_v for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n although_o both_o pretend_v that_o province_n belong_v to_o they_o by_o the_o same_o right_n but_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o place_n as_o lie_v under_o the_o wing_n of_o france_n which_o may_v assist_v it_o at_o any_o time_n keep_v the_o possession_n thereof_o to_o the_o house_n of_o anjou_n and_o final_o from_o the_o house_n of_o anjou_n it_o past_a to_o that_o of_o france_n be_v leave_v to_o lewis_n the_o xi_o by_o charles_n count_n du_fw-fr main_fw-fr heir_n and_o nephew_n to_o rene_n titular_a king_n of_o naples_n and_o real_a possessor_n of_o province_n lewis_n the_o xi_o though_o he_o know_v the_o right_n of_o the_o french_a in_o naples_n which_o his_o son_n charles_n the_o viii_o and_o his_o other_o successor_n have_v pursue_v yet_o he_o neglect_v it_o and_o content_v himself_o to_o take_v provence_n by_o this_o discourse_n it_o appear_v that_o who_o so_o have_v the_o lawful_a possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n which_o we_o shall_v examine_v afterward_o have_v also_o a_o lawful_a right_n to_o province_n 7._o beside_o that_o claim_n of_o the_o possessor_n of_o naples_n upon_o province_n disputable_a between_o that_o house_n first_o of_o anjou_n and_o that_o of_o arragon_n &_o austria_n there_o be_v a_o more_o particular_a claim_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o lorraine_n against_o the_o french_a king_n heir_n to_o that_o charles_n du_fw-fr main_fw-fr the_o lorriner_n pretend_v that_o rené_fw-fr have_v a_o daughter_n name_v yoland_n from_o which_o the_o house_n of_o lorraine_n be_v descend_v can_v not_o lawful_o disinherit_v his_o grandchild_n to_o give_v his_o estate_n to_o charles_n du_fw-fr maine_n his_o nephew_n to_o which_o the_o french_a answer_n two_o thing_n 1._o that_o province_n be_v a_o purchase_n of_o rené_fw-fr who_o can_v dispose_v of_o it_o 2._o and_o that_o province_n use_v the_o civil_a or_o roman_a law_n by_o which_o testament_n be_v free_a but_o the_o discussion_n of_o that_o point_n be_v for_o another_o place_n howsoever_o this_o remain_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n and_o the_o french_a king_n after_o they_o have_v peaceable_o enjoy_v the_o county_n of_o province_n above_o 270._o year_n and_o the_o invader_n of_o naples_n never_o have_v any_o thing_n in_o it_o which_o indeed_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o they_o may_v have_v a_o right_a to_o it_o but_o the_o reason_n whereby_o we_o shall_v exclude_v they_o hereafter_o from_o any_o right_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n will_v serve_v also_o to_o invalid_a their_o claim_n upon_o province_n paragraphe_n iii_o of_o the_o duchy_n of_o burgundy_n 1._o the_o burgundian_n come_v out_o of_o germany_n or_o some_o other_o nation_n of_o the_o north_n in_o that_o great_a inundation_n of_o northern_a people_n over_o the_o roman_a empire_n about_o the_o year_n 400._o found_v a_o state_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o first_o kingdom_n of_o burgundy_n about_o the_o river_n of_o saone_n and_o rhone_n and_o near_o the_o alps_n and_o that_o state_n have_v begin_v an._n 407._o be_v ruin_v by_o the_o child_n of_o the_o great_a clovis_n about_o the_o year_n 527._o and_o last_v about_o six_o score_n year_n 2._o since_o which_o time_n under_o the_o first_o race_n of_o the_o french_a king_n burgundy_n be_v part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o orleans_n some_o part_n of_o it_o also_o belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mets_n and_o austrasia_n and_o in_o the_o end_n the_o kingdom_n of_o mets_n and_o that_o of_o burgundy_n become_v all_o one_o till_o by_o the_o partage_n between_o the_o child_n of_o lewis_n the_o meek_a that_o part_n of_o burgundy_n which_o be_v beyond_o the_o river_n of_o saone_n remain_v with_o the_o empire_n and_o in_o the_o portion_n of_o lothary_a the_o elder_a son_n the_o other_o on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o river_n of_o saone_n be_v allot_v to_o france_n and_o be_v a_o considerable_a member_n of_o the_o same_o before_o the_o institution_n of_o fee_n make_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o
excommunicate_v all_o that_o take_v part_n with_o lewis_n and_o put_v a_o interdict_v as_o they_o call_v it_o upon_o their_o estate_n lewis_n maintain_v himself_o against_o his_o fulmination_n both_o by_o a_o assembly_n of_o his_o prelate_n at_o tours_n who_o clear_v the_o obligation_n of_o the_o king_n conscience_n as_o his_o history_n speak_v and_o especial_o by_o arm_n whereby_o he_o repress_v all_o the_o invader_n of_o his_o state_n and_o put_v they_o to_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o own_o but_o john_n d'_fw-fr albret_n and_o catherine_n of_o navarra_n be_v expel_v from_o their_o state_n by_o ferdinand_n the_o catholic_a who_o make_v a_o show_n to_o pass_v into_o guienne_n to_o join_v with_o the_o english_a and_o seize_v upon_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o papal_a interdict_v sudden_o turn_v upon_o navarra_n and_o take_v it_o an._n 1512._o both_o because_o john_n d'_fw-fr albret_n be_v unite_v with_o the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v a_o rebel_n against_o the_o church_n and_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o english_a with_o who_o ferdinand_n have_v alliance_n also_o because_o the_o spaniard_n hold_v that_o there_o be_v a_o tacit_n agreement_n between_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n not_o to_o suffer_v that_o any_o of_o the_o spanish_a crown_n shall_v fall_v into_o foreign_a hand_n or_o into_o house_n not_o sovereign_a as_o those_o of_o foix_n and_o albret_n as_o the_o reason_n and_o pretence_n of_o that_o invasion_n be_v leight_n and_o groundless_a the_o french_a stand_n to_o their_o right_n to_o this_o day_n against_o that_o manifest_a invasion_n and_o hinder_v the_o prescription_n by_o arm_n treaty_n and_o protestation_n paragraphe_n iu._n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n cassan_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n with_o more_o zeal_n than_o judgement_n will_v ground_v those_o right_n upon_o conquest_n 800._o year_n old_a and_o ancient_a expedition_n of_o the_o french_a king_n into_o spain_n where_o they_o take_v some_o town_n of_o navarra_n arragon_n and_o catalonia_n not_o consider_v the_o many_o change_n of_o succession_n in_o so_o many_o year_n the_o conquest_n of_o catalonia_n and_o arragon_n by_o charlemain_n give_v to_o the_o french_a no_o more_o right_a there_o in_o these_o time_n than_o those_o of_o caesar_n in_o france_n to_o the_o now_o emperor_n the_o right_n of_o the_o french_a over_o arragon_n catalonia_n &_o roussillon_n which_o have_v some_o ground_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o two_o head_n the_o first_o be_v how_o charles_n count_n of_o anjou_n brother_n to_o saint_n lewis_n be_v invest_v with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o two_o sicily_n against_o the_o child_n of_o the_o emperor_n friderick_n the_o ii_o peter_n king_n of_o arragon_n who_o have_v marry_v constance_n daughter_n to_o manfred_n bastard_n of_o frederick_n claim_v that_o kingdom_n from_o his_o wife_n make_v those_o bloody_a sicilian_a vesper_n an._n 1281._o a_o action_n which_o do_v incense_v the_o whole_a christendom_n against_o that_o peter_n well_o surname_v the_o cruel_a pope_n martin_n the_o iv_o especial_o a_o frenchman_n by_o birth_n and_o affection_n who_o excommunicate_v peter_n and_o put_v his_o kingdom_n in_o interdict_v not_o only_o by_o the_o general_a maxim_n of_o the_o pope_n that_o in_o certain_a case_n they_o have_v power_n over_o the_o temporal_n of_o king_n but_o because_o arragon_n have_v be_v of_o great_a antiquity_n a_o fee_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n so_o the_o pope_n deal_v with_o that_o perfidious_a king_n as_o sovereign_n of_o arragon_n to_o that_o purpose_n he_o send_v a_o legate_n into_o france_n which_o offer_v the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n to_o king_n philip_n le_fw-fr hardy_n for_o his_o son_n charles_n count_n of_o valois_n whereupon_o philip_n assemble_v the_o state_n general_n at_o paris_n accept_v the_o pope_n gift_n and_o undertake_v the_o war_n against_o peter_n take_v arragon_n gatalonia_n &_o valentia_n and_o invest_v his_o son_n charles_n with_o these_o kingdom_n pay_v five_o hundred_o liver_n yearly_a to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n it_o be_v true_a that_o after_o these_o conquest_n king_n philip_n as_o he_o return_v into_o france_n dye_v at_o perpignan_n and_o the_o french_a soon_o after_o lose_v all_o that_o country_n yet_o their_o right_n if_o they_o have_v any_o by_o the_o donation_n of_o the_o pope_n remain_v as_o good_a as_o before_o but_o the_o spaniard_n contradict_v that_o right_n say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o great_a confusion_n about_o that_o quarrel_n a_o marriage_n be_v make_v between_o that_o charles_n de_fw-fr valois_n pretend_v king_n of_o arragon_n and_z margaret_z daughter_n to_o charles_n the_o two_o king_n of_o naples_n to_o which_o margaret_n the_o county_n of_o anjou_n and_o maine_n be_v give_v for_o her_o portion_n which_o have_v be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o charles_n brother_n to_o st_n lewis_n and_o by_o he_o unite_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n with_o this_o proviso_n that_o though_o margaret_n shall_v die_v without_o issue_n charles_n shall_v possess_v these_o county_n yield_v all_o his_o right_n and_o claim_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n which_o charles_n do_v and_o so_o that_o great_a difference_n be_v end_v the_o second_o head_n whence_o the_o claim_n of_o the_o french_a upon_o arragon_n do_v arise_v regard_v the_o second_o house_n of_o anjou_n the_o second_o son_n of_o king_n john_n of_o france_n be_v lewis_n who_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o duchy_n of_o anjou_n a_o prince_n well_o know_v in_o history_n as_o he_o that_o be_v make_v regent_n of_o france_n in_o the_o minority_n of_o charles_n the_o vi_o and_o after_o invest_v with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n by_o queen_n jane_n the_o first_o a_o right_n which_o he_o prosecute_v and_o perish_v in_o the_o prosecution_n but_o he_o leave_v the_o title_n to_o his_o child_n his_o son_n lewis_n the_o two_o marry_v yoland_n daughter_n to_o john_n the_o i._o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o of_o yoland_n of_o bar_n his_o wife_n the_o elder_a sister_n of_o that_o yoland_n wife_n to_o lewis_n the_o two_o of_o anjou_n which_o be_v jane_n countess_n of_o foix_n be_v dead_a without_o issue_n and_o no_o child_n remain_v of_o john_n of_o arragon_n but_o that_o yoland_n duchess_n of_o anjou_n she_o be_v the_o undoubted_a heir_n of_o that_o state_n but_o her_o uncle_n martin_n duke_n of_o montblanc_n seize_v upon_o it_o lewis_n send_v the_o bishop_n of_o couserans_n to_o represent_v his_o right_n and_o when_o after_o the_o death_n of_o martin_n he_o will_v dispute_v his_o right_n by_o the_o sword_n he_o be_v persuade_v to_o put_v the_o business_n to_o a_o arbitrement_n for_o the_o peer_n and_o people_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n have_v choose_v arbitrator_n to_o umpire_n the_o business_n between_o lewis_n and_o martin_n and_o examine_v the_o claim_n of_o other_o pretender_n and_o though_o the_o umpire_n be_v almost_o all_o arragones_n they_o will_v not_o pronounce_v any_o thing_n so_o that_o quarrel_n remain_v undecided_a and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o two_o martin_n father_n and_o son_n the_o arbitration_n be_v renew_v nine_o arbitrator_n defer_v the_o kingdom_n to_o ferdinand_n brother_n to_o henry_n the_o iii_o king_n of_o castilia_n that_o sentence_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o antipope_n benedict_n the_o xiii_o who_o be_v forsake_v almost_o by_o all_o the_o world_n have_v take_v sanctuary_n in_o arragon_n against_o the_o nullity_n of_o that_o sentence_n the_o child_n of_o yoland_n lewis_n the_o iii_o of_o anjou_n and_o rené_fw-fr do_v protest_v yea_o the_o child_n of_o rené_fw-fr make_v war_n in_o arragon_n to_o recover_v it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o lewis_n the_o xi_o of_o france_n but_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o forsake_v all_o and_o arragon_n remain_v with_o the_o usurper_n unto_o this_o day_n yet_o i_o see_v not_o that_o the_o french_a urge_v much_o that_o claim_n be_v somewhat_o too_o old_a to_o be_v now_o revive_v paragraphe_n v._o of_o catalonia_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o catalonia_n which_o be_v a_o great_a province_n of_o spain_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n with_o valentia_n arragon_n and_o roussillon_n it_o be_v both_o before_o the_o roman_n and_o under_o they_o part_n of_o hispania_n tarraconensis_n as_o arragon_n and_o other_o country_n near_o the_o river_n of_o ebro_n since_o which_o time_n be_v conquer_v by_o the_o gotth_n and_o alan_n together_o it_o be_v call_v by_o they_o gottalania_n which_o name_n be_v since_o corrupt_v to_o catalaunia_n it_o be_v under_o the_o king_n of_o the_o gotth_n till_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o saracen_n a_o 713._o who_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o as_o of_o most_o part_n of_o spain_n but_o charlemain_n take_v it_o from_o they_o and_o all_o the_o country_n near_o the_o river_n of_o ebro_n about_o the_o year_n 800._o expelling_a zaron_n the_o
possession_n of_o provence_n neither_o do_v charles_n de_fw-fr duras_n nor_o his_o child_n nor_o alphonsus_n possess_v any_o thing_n in_o it_o 6._o rené_fw-fr die_v a_o 1480._o although_o his_o daughter_n yoland_n duchess_n of_o lorraine_n have_v leave_v child_n he_o leave_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o county_n of_o provence_n and_o of_o his_o right_n upon_o naples_n charles_n count_n du_fw-fr maine_n son_n to_o his_o brother_n of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o title_n and_o charles_n die_v likewise_o without_o issue_n leave_v lewis_n the_o xi_o his_o heir_n in_o all_o his_o state_n and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n successor_n to_o lewis_n lewis_n neglect_v to_o go_v to_o naples_n hold_v by_o ferdinand_n bastard_n of_o that_o alphonsus_n and_o by_o his_o child_n content_v himself_o to_o hold_v provence_n but_o his_o son_n charles_n the_o viii_o undertake_v the_o conquest_n of_o naples_n a_o 1493._o and_o after_o he_o lewis_z the_o xii_o and_o francis_n the_o i._o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n we_o shall_v see_v the_o several_a war_n partage_n and_o treaty_n between_o these_o two_o house_n for_o that_o kingdom_n so_o all_o the_o right_n of_o the_o house_n of_o france_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n be_v reduce_v to_o these_o head_n 1._o the_o investiture_n by_o urban_n the_o iv_o in_o favour_n of_o charles_n brother_n to_o st_n lewis_n a_o weak_a right_o if_o it_o be_v alone_o the_o french_a king_n have_v not_o succeed_v to_o that_o family_n by_o kindred_n for_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o any_o branch_n of_o the_o house_n of_o france_n do_v not_o therefore_o belong_v to_o france_n 2._o the_o adoption_n of_o lewis_n the_o first_o of_o the_o second_o house_n of_o anjou_n by_o queen_n jane_n the_o i._o by_o the_o counsel_n and_o leave_v of_o clement_n the_o vii_o who_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o france_n for_o a_o true_a pope_n by_o that_o adoption_n the_o right_a of_o naples_n fall_v to_o the_o house_n of_o anjou_n of_o which_o the_o french_a king_n have_v inherit_v 3._o the_o two_o adoption_n make_v by_o queen_n jane_n the_o ii_o first_o of_o lewis_n the_o iii_o duke_n of_o anjou_n and_o after_o he_o of_o his_o brother_n rené_fw-fr 4._o the_o will_n of_o charles_n count_n du_fw-fr maine_n who_o name_v lewis_n the_o xi_o his_o heir_n both_o of_o provence_n and_o of_o his_o right_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o his_o successor_n king_n of_o france_n after_o he_o paragraphe_n viii_o of_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n after_o the_o wrack_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n a_o 400._o all_o the_o country_n about_o the_o river_n of_o po_n towards_o the_o alps_n be_v take_v by_o theodorick_n goth_n and_o keep_v by_o his_o child_n till_o about_o the_o year_n 550._o that_o they_o be_v recover_v by_o belifarius_fw-la and_o narses_n two_o captain_n of_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n but_o soon_o after_o the_o same_o country_n be_v win_v by_o the_o ostrogoth_n king_n of_o italy_n and_o again_o by_o the_o lombard_n who_o settle_v a_o great_a state_n there_o and_o maintain_v it_o till_o the_o time_n of_o charlemain_n who_o destroy_v it_o an_z 774._o after_o which_o time_n all_o the_o town_n of_o those_o part_n be_v imperial_a belong_v to_o whosoever_o have_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o west_n the_o house_n of_o charlemain_n be_v degenerate_v and_o have_v lose_v the_o empire_n after_o the_o year_n 900._o the_o empire_n be_v dispute_v between_o the_o italian_a and_o the_o german_a prince_n for_o 50_o year_n in_o the_o end_n the_o german_n have_v prevail_v in_o the_o person_n of_o otho_n the_o i_o &_o the_o emperor_n his_o successor_n have_v choose_v the_o seat_n of_o their_o empire_n in_o germany_n and_o be_v at_o odds_o many_o time_n with_o the_o pope_n their_o power_n sensible_o decay_v in_o italy_n and_o great_a part_n of_o the_o town_n of_o lombardy_n slip_v out_o of_o their_o dominion_n and_o choose_v to_o themselves_o italian_a lord_n the_o emperor_n retain_v the_o shadow_n only_o of_o sovereignty_n many_o also_o choose_v liberty_n &_o a_o popular_a state_n as_o sienna_n pisa_n florence_n genoa_n and_o other_o in_o these_o confusion_n the_o city_n of_o milan_n be_v usurp_v by_o the_o viscount_n of_o angleria_n a_o small_a place_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n who_o maintain_v themselves_o about_o six_o hundred_o year_n under_o that_o name_n and_o quality_n of_o viscount_n until_o the_o year_n 1497._o that_o the_o emperor_n wenceslaus_n not_o friderick_n as_o gassan_n say_v erect_v milan_n into_o a_o duchy_n the_o first_o duke_n be_v galeas_n the_o iii_o who_o have_v marry_v isabel_n daughter_n to_o john_n king_n of_o france_n that_o galeas_n have_v three_o son_n john_n maria_n that_o succeed_v he_o and_o die_v without_o issue_n philip_n maria_n that_o succeed_v his_o brother_n who_o likewise_o die_v without_o issue_n leave_v a_o bastard_n daughter_n name_v bona_n marry_v to_o francis_n sforza_n a_o soldier_n of_o fortune_n but_o a_o gallant_a man_n that_o first_o duke_n galeas_n beside_o these_o two_o son_n have_v a_o daughter_n call_v valentina_n marry_v to_o lewis_n duke_n of_o orleans_n son_n to_o charles_n the_o v._o king_n of_o france_n an_z 1398._o her_o father_n give_v she_o the_o county_n of_o ast_n for_o her_o portion_n with_o a_o million_o of_o liver_n wherewith_o the_o county_n of_o blois_n be_v buy_v chasteauduro_n soissons_fw-fr and_o other_o lordship_n and_o by_o the_o contract_n of_o matrimony_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o if_o the_o masculine_a line_n of_o galeas_n shall_v fail_v valentina_n and_o her_o child_n shall_v succeed_v in_o the_o duchy_n it_o be_v true_a that_o this_o clause_n have_v this_o great_a defect_n that_o the_o duchy_n be_v establish_v a_o masculine_a fee_n galeas_n can_v not_o make_v it_o feminine_a without_o the_o emperor_n leave_n which_o be_v not_o demand_v because_o the_o empire_n be_v then_o vacant_a by_o the_o degradation_n of_o wencestaus_n who_o the_o elector_n depose_v for_o his_o idleness_n but_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o the_o pope_n benedict_n the_o xiii_o who_o then_o have_v his_o see_n at_o avignon_n approve_v that_o contract_n for_o that_o right_a the_o pope_n challenge_n in_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o empire_n howsoever_o john_n maria_n and_o philip_n maria_n be_v dead_a without_o lawful_a issue_n none_o have_v more_o right_a to_o that_o succession_n than_o the_o child_n of_o valentina_n but_o that_o succession_n fall_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o confusion_n of_o france_n under_o charles_n the_o vii_o when_o the_o two_o son_n of_o valentina_n charles_n duke_n of_o orleans_n &_o john_n count_n of_o angoulesme_fw-fr be_v prisoner_n in_o england_n where_o the_o elder_a remain_v five_o and_o twenty_o year_n and_o the_o second_o well_o nigh_o thirty_o in_o that_o long_a time_n it_o be_v easy_a for_o francis_n sforza_n who_o have_v marry_v bona_n the_o bastard_n daughter_n of_o duke_n philip_n maria_n to_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o milan_n of_o which_o he_o procure_v and_o obtain_v the_o investiture_n from_o the_o emperor_n friderick_n the_o iv_o this_o francis_n sforza_n have_v two_o son_n who_o he_o leave_v to_o the_o tuition_n of_o his_o brother_n ludovick_n sforza_n so_o famous_a in_o the_o history_n of_o milan_n who_o have_v make_v away_o his_o pupil_n seize_v upon_o the_o state_n of_o milan_n and_o be_v expel_v out_o of_o it_o by_o lewis_n the_o xii_o king_n of_o france_n and_o since_o be_v take_v &_o carry_v to_o loches_n where_o he_o die_v in_o prison_n he_o leave_v two_o son_n maximilian_n who_o be_v restore_v by_o the_o swisser_n and_o since_o take_v by_o francis_n the_o i._o and_o die_v in_o france_n his_o other_o son_n be_v francis_n sforza_n the_o second_o who_o die_v without_o issue_n 1534._o so_o that_o house_n of_o sforza_n maintain_v the_o usurpation_n of_o milan_n well_o nigh_o a_o hundred_o year_n among_o many_o war_n and_o division_n the_o lawful_a right_n remain_v still_o in_o the_o house_n of_o orleans_n with_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o county_n of_o ast_n which_o be_v part_n of_o that_o duchy_n but_o that_o right_o can_v not_o be_v prosecute_v 1._o in_o the_o desolation_n of_o the_o house_n of_o orleans_n and_o the_o great_a division_n between_o that_o house_n and_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n 2._o in_o the_o long_a inprisonment_n of_o the_o two_o prince_n of_o orleans_n 3._o in_o the_o great_a trouble_n of_o the_o state_n of_o france_n almost_o all_o the_o reign_n of_o charles_n the_o vii_o 4._o beside_o lewis_n the_o xi_o have_v many_o other_o business_n all_o his_o time_n neither_o do_v he_o love_v the_o house_n of_o orleans_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o his_o blood_n and_o of_o all_o thing_n he_o hate_v the_o war_n of_o italy_n whither_o he_o will_v never_o go_v neither_o for_o the_o conquest_n of_o naples_n nor_o for_o the_o receive_v the_o city_n of_o genoa_n that_o give_v herself_o to_o he_o 5._o all_o the_o
time_n of_o charles_n the_o viii_o be_v spend_v in_o civil_a war_n or_o in_o the_o conquest_n of_o naples_n and_o lewis_n the_o xii_o grandchild_n of_o valentina_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n a_o 1498_o have_v no_o more_o in_o the_o duchy_n but_o the_o county_n of_o ast_n the_o rest_n be_v hold_v by_o ludovick_n sforza_n son_n to_o the_o invader_n francis_n and_z himself_z invader_n of_o the_o state_n of_o his_o nephew_n but_o lewis_n follow_v his_o right_n come_v to_o milan_n take_v it_o and_o expel_v ludovic_n who_o return_v not_o long_o after_o enter_v into_o milan_n but_o there_o be_v sudden_o invest_v by_o lewis_n he_o be_v take_v carry_v into_o france_n where_o he_o die_v a_o prisoner_n lewis_n remain_v master_n of_o the_o duchy_n but_o because_o ludovic_n have_v two_o son_n protect_v in_o germany_n by_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n i._n lewis_n to_o strengthen_v his_o right_n make_v mean_n to_o win_v the_o emperor_n favour_n of_o who_o in_o the_o end_n he_o obtain_v two_o 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prince_n be_v contend_v for_o the_o empire_n form_v itself_o into_o a_o most_o flourish_v state_n in_o the_o war_n of_o the_o east_n and_o conquest_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n genoa_n be_v very_o considerable_a no_o less_o than_o the_o venetian_n and_o pisans_n possess_v many_o country_n in_o the_o levant_n the_o i_o will_v of_o chio_n the_o town_n of_o capha_n upon_o mar_n major_n in_o taurica_n chersonesus_n and_o other_o but_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v weaken_v by_o the_o jealousy_n of_o two_o potent_a family_n the_o fregosi_n and_o the_o adorni_n the_o state_n submit_v itself_o unto_o charles_n the_o vi_o of_o france_n an_z 1390._o who_o take_v they_o under_o his_o protection_n send_v to_o they_o the_o marshal_n of_o boulicaut_n who_o receive_v their_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n but_o great_a confusion_n be_v rise_v in_o france_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o weakness_n of_o charles_n the_o vi_o for_o 29._o year_n by_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o english_a and_o by_o the_o extremity_n that_o charles_n the_o vii_o be_v bring_v to_o that_o right_a over_o genoa_n be_v neglect_v but_o in_o the_o year_n 1458._o the_o same_o genoese_a be_v oppress_v with_o their_o own_o division_n send_v peter_n fregosa_n into_o france_n to_o charles_n the_o vii_o who_o receive_v they_o under_o his_o protection_n and_o send_v they_o john_n duke_n of_o lorraine_n elder_a son_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n and_o after_o charles_n the_o vii_o have_v again_o give_v themselves_o to_o lewis_n the_o xi_o some_o historian_n say_v that_o he_o neglect_v that_o conquest_n so_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o john_n galeas_n duke_n of_o milan_n other_o say_v that_o lewis_n the_o xi_o invest_v that_o galeas_n in_o the_o lordship_n of_o genoa_n upon_o condition_n of_o do_v homage_n for_o it_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n and_o charles_n the_o viii_o pass_v to_o the_o conquest_n of_o naples_n invest_v against_o ludovick_n sforza_n in_o the_o same_o by_o the_o treaty_n of_o vercel_n a_o 1494_o he_o pay_v thirty_o thousand_o ducat_n of_o entry_n in_o consideration_n of_o the_o auxiliary_a force_n which_o ludovick_n promise_v unto_o charles_n for_o the_o conquest_n of_o naples_n after_o charles_n the_o city_n of_o genoa_n remain_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n as_o dukes_z of_o milan_n and_o lewis_n the_o xii_o make_v a_o triumphant_a entry_n into_o it_o and_o receive_v of_o they_o all_o the_o honour_n and_o deference_n of_o subject_n to_o a_o sovereign_n a_o 1502._o and_o give_v they_o a_o governor_n john_n of_o cleves_n his_o kinsman_n but_o a_o 1527._o while_n charles_n the_o v._o and_z francis_z the_o i_o be_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o their_o quarrel_n the_o city_n of_o naples_n be_v besiege_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr lautree_fw-fr andrew_n doria_n of_o genoa_n subject_n to_o the_o french_a king_n and_o general_n of_o his_o fleet_n be_v ill_o satisfy_v of_o francis_n the_o i_o revolt_v from_o he_o turn_v to_o the_o emperor_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o naples_n the_o emperor_n to_o win_v he_o to_o his_o service_n offer_v he_o la_o cart_n blanch_v that_o be_v what_o condition_n soever_o he_o will_v have_v the_o first_o demand_n of_o andrew_n be_v the_o liberty_n of_o his_o city_n which_o he_o obtain_v and_o it_o be_v free_v from_o all_o subjection_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n but_o if_o the_o french_a have_v any_o right_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n they_o have_v the_o like_a in_o genoa_n for_o charles_n the_o v._o can_v not_o cut_v off_o that_o limb_n from_o it_o fince_n it_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o he_o paragraphe_n ix_o of_o the_o county_n of_o flanders_n and_o artois_n these_o two_o county_n be_v ancient_o before_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o roman_n part_n of_o gallia_n belgica_n and_o so_o under_o that_o empire_n and_o under_o the_o first_o and_o second_o race_n
of_o the_o french_a king_n till_o that_o famous_a partage_n of_o the_o child_n of_o lewis_n the_o meek_a a_o 843._o when_o the_o river_n of_o scaldis_n be_v set_v as_o a_o limit_n of_o that_o which_o belong_v to_o lothary_a the_o emperor_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o charles_n le_fw-fr chauve_n on_o the_o other_o that_o country_n remain_v within_o the_o partage_n of_o the_o last_o who_o be_v king_n of_o france_n and_o contain_v a_o great_a extent_n of_o land_n beyond_o the_o river_n of_o somme_n near_o the_o river_n of_o scaldis_n and_o lis_n butt_v upon_o the_o ocean_n and_o because_o all_o that_o country_n be_v full_a of_o wood_n which_o make_v it_o be_v call_v sylva_n carbonaria_n charlemain_n about_o the_o year_n 771._o place_v there_o a_o governor_n who_o he_o call_v the_o great_a forester_n of_o flanders_n so_o also_o be_v his_o successor_n call_v and_o be_v not_o very_o considerable_a the_o first_o that_o erect_v this_o country_n into_o a_o county_n be_v charles_n le_fw-fr chauve_n a_o 850._o or_o thereabouts_o the_o first_o count_n be_v baldwin_n surname_v bras_fw-fr de_fw-fr fer_fw-fr or_o iron-arm_n for_o his_o great_a exploit_n against_o the_o norman_n then_o barbarous_a and_o infidel_n who_o come_v from_o the_o north_n infest_a those_o coast_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n this_o baldwin_n steal_v away_o judith_n daughter_n to_o charles_n le_fw-fr chauve_n and_o widow_n to_o a_o english_a king_n which_o action_n at_o the_o first_o move_v charles_n to_o a_o great_a wrath_n and_o hatred_n against_o he_o but_o judith_n have_v appease_v her_o father_n and_o baldwin_n be_v very_o necessary_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o those_o country_n against_o the_o norman_n he_o recover_v the_o king_n grace_n and_o it_o be_v upon_o that_o reconciliation_n that_o he_o be_v make_v count_n of_o flanders_n so_o that_o baldwin_n be_v the_o head_n of_o that_o house_n of_o flanders_n and_o artois_n which_o then_o be_v but_o one_o province_n 1._o all_o that_o country_n remain_v thus_o unite_v in_o one_o county_n till_o the_o year_n 1180._o when_v philip_n august_n king_n of_o france_n matryed_z isabella_z daughter_n of_o baldwin_n the_o iv_o count_n of_o hainaut_n and_o namur_n and_o of_o margaret_n of_o flanders_n for_o philip_n of_o alsatia_n count_n of_o flanders_n uncle_n to_o margaret_n to_o show_v his_o joy_n for_o that_o high_a alliance_n give_v she_o the_o country_n of_o artois_n consist_v in_o the_o town_n of_o arras_n bapaume_n saint_n omer_n aire_n hesdin_n and_o some_o other_o which_o philip_n august_n enjoy_v and_o his_o son_n after_o he_o till_o lewis_n the_o viii_o give_v the_o country_n of_o artois_n to_o his_o three_o son_n robert_n for_o who_o sake_n his_o brother_n st_n lewis_n erect_v the_o same_o into_o a_o county_n of_o which_o this_o robert_n do_v he_o homage_n and_o that_o house_n of_o artois_n be_v a_o royal_a house_n for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o thus_o flanders_n and_o artois_n have_v their_o several_a count_n and_o lord_n as_o most_o of_o the_o other_o seventeen_o province_n of_o netherlands_o 2._o king_n john_n of_o france_n have_v give_v to_o his_o four_o son_n philip_n the_o duchy_n of_o burgundy_n because_o he_o love_v he_o dear_o he_o procure_v a_o great_a marriage_n for_o he_o match_v he_o with_o margaret_n of_o flanders_n only_a daughter_n of_o lewis_n the_o iii_o count_n of_o flanders_n and_o of_o margaret_n of_o brabant_n that_o princess_n be_v hold_v the_o rich_a match_n of_o europe_n for_o she_o be_v heir_n not_o only_o of_o the_o county_n of_o flanders_n burgundy_n artois_n nevers_n retel_v and_o other_o great_a lordship_n but_o be_v also_o apparent_a heir_n from_o her_o great_a aunt_n by_o her_o mother_n side_n of_o the_o dutchy_n of_o brabant_n lothier_n limburg_n and_o the_o marquesat_n of_o antwerp_n that_o alliance_n make_v a_o 1356._o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n for_o that_o philip_n and_o his_o three_o successor_n john_n philip_n and_o charles_n unite_z all_o these_o great_a state_n which_o afterward_o fall_v into_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n by_o marriage_n as_o we_o have_v represent_v before_o 3._o although_o the_o propriety_n of_o those_o two_o province_n flanders_n and_o artois_n come_v to_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n by_o the_o match_n of_o mary_n of_o burgundy_n with_o maximilian_n the_o pretence_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n upon_o that_o propriety_n be_v quit_v by_o the_o reddition_n of_o the_o town_n of_o arras_n a_o 1435._o yet_o the_o sovereignty_n thereof_o have_v remain_v with_o the_o french_a king_n until_o the_o cession_n by_o they_o make_v of_o the_o same_o by_o several_a treaty_n of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o madrid_n that_o sovereignty_n be_v prove_v by_o seven_o reason_n the_o first_o be_v the_o homage_v which_o the_o count_n have_v always_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n for_o these_o county_n and_o the_o investiture_n which_o they_o have_v take_v from_o they_o of_o the_o same_o the_o second_o that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v judge_v of_o the_o count_n of_o flanders_n as_o sovereign_n and_o give_v they_o law_n the_o three_o that_o they_o decide_v of_o peace_n and_o war_n in_o flanders_n even_o against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o count_n the_o four_o that_o they_o have_v give_v grace_n to_o fleming_n as_o their_o sovereign_n and_o punish_v they_o of_o their_o rebellion_n the_o five_o that_o it_o be_v especial_o promise_v and_o agree_v that_o the_o fleming_n shall_v resort_v to_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n the_o six_o that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v protect_v as_o sovereign_n the_o count_n of_o flanders_n the_o seven_o that_o they_o have_v confiscate_v the_o county_n for_o felony_n brief_o the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v exer_n cise_v all_o act_n of_o sovereignty_n in_o flanders_n and_o artois_n a_o thing_n never_o bring_v in_o question_n or_o deny_v before_o charles_n the_o v._o who_o be_v promote_v to_o 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