taste_v fruit_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o repast_n he_o send_v we_o another_o plate_n of_o gold_n wherein_o be_v twenty_o apple_n of_o the_o large_a and_o best_a in_o the_o kingdom_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o pin_n quo_fw-la at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o feast_n he_o send_v we_o another_o plate_n full_a of_o pear_n and_o those_o apple_n of_o gold_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o another_o place_n the_o favour_n which_o the_o emperor_n do_v we_o at_o that_o time_n seem_v to_o we_o surprise_o extraordinary_a as_o it_o do_v to_o all_o those_o that_o hear_v the_o relation_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v usual_a to_o all_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v invite_v in_o regard_n they_o be_v feast_v by_o the_o king_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n every_o day_n not_o but_o that_o at_o other_o time_n upon_o certain_a occasion_n of_o public_a rejoice_v he_o treat_v much_o more_o magnificent_o all_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o mandarin_n of_o the_o court_n which_o be_v about_o five_o thousand_o by_o which_o the_o reader_n may_v ready_o conjecture_v at_o the_o grandeur_n and_o puissance_n of_o this_o emperor_n and_o that_o the_o abundance_n of_o provision_n which_o be_v bring_v continual_o to_o the_o court_n be_v far_o beyond_o the_o relation_n which_o i_o have_v make_v note_n upon_o the_o sixteen_o chapter_n father_n magaillans_n have_v already_o speak_v of_o the_o three_o opinion_n of_o the_o chineses_n 250._o concern_v the_o antiquity_n of_o china_n and_o i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o that_o if_o he_o have_v live_v to_o finish_v this_o work_n he_o will_v have_v put_v all_o that_o he_o say_v of_o it_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n however_o i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o proper_a for_o i_o to_o pare_v off_o any_o thing_n from_o this_o chapter_n as_o well_o for_o that_o i_o will_v not_o make_v a_o alteration_n so_o considerable_a as_o for_o that_o the_o author_n have_v insert_v several_a new_a and_o 〈◊〉_d circumstance_n and_o for_o that_o the_o matter_n be_v also_o of_o great_a moment_n beside_o that_o this_o chapter_n be_v compose_v in_o the_o year_n 1669._o serve_v for_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o three_o which_o f._n magaillans_n have_v write_v in_o the_o year_n before_o as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o date_n which_o he_o set_v down_o in_o this_o work._n chap._n xvii_o a_o desoription_n of_o the_o city_n of_o pe_n kim_n of_o the_o wall_n that_o enclose_v the_o emperor_n palace_n and_o the_o form_n of_o the_o principal_a house_n of_o china_n the_o city_n or_o court_n of_o pe_n kim_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o plain_n it_o form_v a_o vast_a square_n each_o of_o the_o side_n of_o which_o be_v twelve_o chinese_n furlong_n in_o length_n which_o make_v about_o three_o italian_a mile_n or_o near_o a_o portugal_n league_n it_o have_v nine_o gate_n three_o upon_o the_o south_n side_n and_o two_o upon_o each_o of_o the_o other_o side_n not_o twelve_o gate_n according_a to_o the_o relation_n of_o f._n martini_n in_o his_o atlas_n p._n 29._o wherein_o he_o seem_v to_o have_v follow_v m._n polo_n l._n 2._o c._n 7._o this_o city_n be_v now_o inhabit_v by_o the_o tartar_n and_o their_o troop_n divide_v into_o eight_o quarter_n or_o banner_n as_o they_o call_v call_v they_o but_o in_o regard_n that_o under_o the_o precede_a king_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v so_o multiply_v that_o the_o capital_a be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o contain_v they_o nor_o the_o nine_o suburb_n answer_v to_o the_o nine_o gate_n which_o if_o they_o be_v not_o every_o one_o a_o great_a city_n be_v at_o least_o as_o big_a as_o many_o great_a borough_n there_o be_v a_o new_a city_n build_v of_o a_o square_a form_n like_o the_o old_a one_o of_o which_o each_o of_o the_o side_n be_v six_o chinese_n furlong_n or_o a_o italian_a mile_n and_o a_o half_a in_o length_n have_v the_o north_n side_n join_v to_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o old_a city_n it_o have_v seven_o gate_n and_o every_o one_o a_o suburb_n well_o people_v more_o especial_o that_o which_o look_v towards_o the_o west_n for_o that_o be_v the_o side_n where_o all_o that_o come_v from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n enter_v into_o the_o capital_a city_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o city_n be_v divide_v into_o five_o quarter_n or_o jurisdiction_n as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o fourteen_o chapter_n the_o principal_a street_n some_o run_v from_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n other_o from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n but_o they_o be_v all_o so_o straight_o so_o long_o so_o broad_a and_o so_o well_o proportion_v that_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o see_v they_o be_v mark_v out_o with_o a_o line_n and_o not_o build_v by_o hap_n hazard_n as_o in_o our_o city_n of_o europe_n the_o little_a street_n run_v all_o from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n and_o divide_v all_o the_o space_n between_o the_o great_a street_n into_o equal_a and_o proportionable_a island_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v know_v by_o their_o particular_a name_n as_o the_o street_n of_o the_o king_n kindred_n the_o white_a tower-street_n the_o iron_n lyons-street_n the_o fish-street_n the_o aquavity-street_n and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n there_o be_v a_o book_n to_o be_v sell_v that_o speak_v of_o the_o name_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o street_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o lackey_n that_o attend_v upon_o the_o mandarin_n in_o their_o visit_n and_o to_o their_o tribunal_n and_o carry_v their_o present_n their_o letter_n and_o their_o order_n to_o several_a part_n of_o the_o city_n and_o empire_n for_o they_o be_v continual_o send_v a_o great_a number_n all_o over_o the_o kingdom_n whence_o come_v that_o proverb_n so_o often_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o chinese_n that_o the_o province_n send_v mandarin_n to_o pe_n kim_n and_o pe_n kim_n in_o exchange_n send_v they_o none_o but_o lackey_n and_o messenger_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o rare_a thing_n to_o meet_v with_o a_o mandarin_n who_o be_v a_o native_a of_o that_o city_n the_o fair_a of_o all_o the_o street_n be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v cham_n begin_v kiai_fw-mi or_o the_o street_n of_o perpetual_a repose_n it_o run_v from_o east_n to_o west_n bound_v on_o the_o north_n side_n by_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o king_n palace_n and_o upon_o the_o south_n side_n by_o several_a tribunal_n and_o palace_n of_o great_a lord_n it_o be_v so_o spacious_a that_o it_o be_v about_o thirty_o fathom_n broad_a and_o so_o famous_o know_v that_o the_o learned_a in_o their_o write_n make_v use_v of_o it_o to_o signify_v the_o whole_a city_n take_v a_o part_n for_o the_o whole_a for_o it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o say_v such_o a_o one_o life_n in_o the_o street_n of_o perpetual_a repose_n as_o to_o say_v he_o live_v at_o pe_n kim_n if_o the_o house_n be_v but_o high_a and_o build_v to_o the_o street_n like_o we_o the_o city_n will_v show_v much_o more_o stately_a but_o they_o be_v all_o low_a building_n to_o show_v the_o respect_n which_o they_o have_v to_o the_o king_n palace_n yet_o there_o be_v some_o palace_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o great_a lord_n which_o be_v lofty_a and_o magnificent_a but_o they_o be_v build_v backward_o so_o that_o you_o see_v nothing_o to_o the_o street_n but_o a_o great_a gate_n which_o have_v house_n on_o each_o side_n inhabit_v by_o their_o domestic_n or_o by_o merchant_n and_o handycraft_n tradesman_n however_o this_o be_v very_o convenient_a for_o public_a convenience_n for_o in_o our_o city_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o street_n be_v take_v up_o by_o house_n of_o noble_a man_n so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v force_v to_o go_v a_o great_a way_n to_o market_n whereas_o at_o pe_n kim_n and_o in_o all_o the_o other_o city_n of_o china_n there_o be_v every_o thing_n to_o be_v sell_v at_o your_o door_n for_o entertainment_n subsistence_n or_o pleasure_n for_o these_o little_a house_n be_v as_o so_o many_o magazine_n or_o market_n shop_n and_o tavern_n but_o for_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n so_o numerous_a it_o be_v that_o i_o dare_v not_o presume_v to_o utter_v it_o nor_o do_v i_o know_v how_o to_o make_v it_o understand_v all_o the_o street_n both_o of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a city_n be_v crowd_v with_o people_n as_o well_o the_o small_a street_n as_o the_o great_a as_o well_o those_o at_o the_o far_a end_n as_o those_o in_o the_o hart_n of_o the_o place_n the_o throng_n be_v every_o where_o so_o great_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o compare_v with_o it_o but_o the_o fair_n and_o procession_n of_o europe_n the_o emperor_n palace_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o great_a city_n and_o front_n towards_o the_o south_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o empire_n where_o you_o
shall_v rare_o see_v a_o city_n palace_n or_o house_n of_o any_o great_a person_n which_o do_v not_o face_n that_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n it_o be_v surround_v with_o a_o double_a enclosure_n of_o wall_n one_o within_o the_o other_o in_o form_n of_o a_o long_a square_n the_o outward_a enclosure_n be_v a_o wall_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a height_n and_o thickness_n plaster_v both_o within_o and_o without_o with_o red_a mortar_n and_o cover_v with_o a_o small_a roof_n of_o varnish_a brick_n of_o a_o yellow_a gold_n colour_n lay_v with_o great_a art_n and_o agreement_n the_o length_n of_o it_o from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n gate_n be_v eight_o chinese_n furlong_n or_o two_o italian_a mile_n this_o enclosure_n have_v four_o gate_n one_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o each_o side_n and_o every_o gate_n compose_v of_o three_o portal_n of_o which_o the_o middlemost_a be_v always_o keep_v shut_v and_o never_o open_v but_o only_o for_o the_o king._n the_o rest_n be_v always_o open_a to_o those_o that_o go_v in_o and_o out_o of_o the_o palace_n from_o break_v of_o day_n till_o the_o bell_n ring_v for_o cleaâ—…ing_v the_o palace_n except_o the_o south_n gate_n which_o be_v never_o but_o half_o open_a unless_o the_o king_n go_v out_o or_o in_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o chinese_n king_n there_o be_v a_o guard_n of_o thirty_o soldier_n with_o their_o captain_n and_o ten_o eunuch_n at_o each_o portal_n but_o at_o present_a not_o above_o twenty_o tartar_n with_o their_o officer_n by_o which_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o alvero_n semedo_n and_o martini_n who_o affirm_v the_o guard_n of_o every_o gate_n to_o consist_v of_o three_o thousand_o man_n and_o five_o elephant_n be_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o misinformation_n while_o they_o take_v the_o whole_a for_o a_o part_n for_o there_o be_v indeed_o a_o guard_n of_o three_o thousand_o man_n in_o all_o which_o be_v distribute_v into_o company_n and_o squadron_n in_o their_o turn_n and_o so_o many_o day_n in_o a_o month_n guard_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n and_o of_o the_o palace_n where_o there_o be_v several_a other_o beside_o those_o we_o have_v mention_v and_o several_a tower_n that_o environ_v the_o inner_a wall._n as_o for_o the_o elephant_n they_o never_o stand_v at_o the_o gate_n but_o in_o their_o stable_n or_o rather_o in_o their_o palace_n for_o they_o be_v lodge_v in_o a_o spacious_a court_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o large_a and_o fair_a room_n where_o they_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o summer_n but_o in_o the_o winter_n they_o put_v they_o into_o little_a stall_n by_o themselves_o the_o pavement_n of_o which_o be_v heat_v with_o stove_n with_o which_o those_o creature_n can_v never_o endure_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o winter_n in_o that_o climate_n where_o many_o time_n they_o die_v through_o the_o negligence_n of_o those_o that_o look_v after_o they_o nor_o be_v there_o above_o five_o or_o six_o which_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o province_n of_o tun_n nan_o they_o never_o bring_v they_o out_o of_o their_o stable_n but_o when_o the_o king_n go_v forth_o in_o state_n in_o order_n to_o some_o public_a solemnity_n as_o to_o his_o sacrifice_n or_o the_o like_a all_o manner_n of_o entrance_n within_o these_o gate_n be_v forbid_v to_o the_o bonze_n of_o pagod_n to_o the_o blind_a the_o lame_a the_o maim_a to_o beggar_n such_o as_o have_v scar_n and_o wen_n upon_o their_o face_n or_o have_v their_o ear_n or_o moses_n cut_v and_o in_o a_o word_n to_o all_o those_o that_o have_v any_o considerable_a deformity_n the_o inner_a wall_n which_o immediate_o encompass_n the_o palace_n be_v extreme_o high_a and_o thick_a build_v of_o large_a brick_n all_o equal_a and_o embellish_v with_o battlement_n well_o contrive_v it_o extend_v from_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n six_o furlong_n or_o a_o italian_a mile_n and_o a_o half_a a_o furlong_n and_o a_o half_a in_o breadth_n and_o fifteen_o furlong_n or_o five_o mile_n want_v a_o quarter_n in_o circumference_n it_o have_v four_o gate_n with_o large_a vault_n and_o arch_n those_o to_o the_o south_n and_o north_n be_v threefold_a like_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o first_o enclosure_n those_o upon_o the_o side_n single_a upon_o these_o gate_n and_o upon_o the_o four_o angle_n of_o the_o wall_n eight_o tower_n or_o rather_o eight_o hall_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a bigness_n and_o very_o good_a workmanship_n advance_v themsemselve_n varnish_v within_o with_o a_o very_a beautiful_a red_n adorn_v with_o flower_n of_o gold_n and_o cover_v with_o tile_n varnish_v with_o yellow_a during_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o chinese_n king_n twenty_o eunuch_n keep_v guard_n at_o each_o of_o these_o gate_n but_o at_o present_a the_o tartar_n have_v place_v in_o their_o room_n forty_o soldier_n with_o two_o officer_n all_o the_o mandarin_n of_o the_o tribunal_n within_o the_o palace_n and_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n household_n be_v allow_v entrance_n within_o this_o wall._n but_o all_o other_o be_v severe_o prohibit_v unless_o they_o show_v a_o little_a table_n of_o wood_n or_o ivory_n wherein_o their_o name_n and_o the_o place_n where_o they_o serve_v be_v set_v down_o with_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o mandarin_n to_o who_o they_o belong_v this_o second_o wall_n be_v environ_v with_o a_o deep_a and_o large_a mote_n line_v with_o free_a stone_n and_o full_a of_o large_a and_o excellent_a fish._n every_o gate_n have_v a_o drawbridge_n to_o lay_v over_o the_o mote_n the_o south_n gate_n except_v where_o the_o draw_v bridge_n lie_v only_o over_o one_o arch._n in_o the_o wide_a space_n that_o separate_v the_o two_o wall_n there_o be_v several_a separate_a palace_n some_o round_a other_o square_a which_o be_v all_o call_v by_o their_o proper_a name_n conformable_a to_o the_o use_n and_o divertisement_n for_o which_o they_o be_v design_v withal_o so_o spacious_a so_o rich_a and_o so_o magnificent_o adorn_v as_o may_v well_o beseem_v not_o only_o many_o prince_n but_o some_o king_n of_o europe_n in_o the_o same_o space_n upon_o the_o eastern_a side_n and_o close_o by_o the_o wall_n run_v a_o river_n over_o which_o be_v build_v several_a bridge_n very_o fair_a structure_n and_o all_o of_o marble_n except_o the_o arch_n in_o the_o middle_a where_o there_o lie_v a_o draw-bridge_n and_o all_o the_o other_o bridge_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n in_o the_o palace_n be_v no_o less_o beautiful_a and_o build_v of_o the_o same_o material_n on_o the_o west_n side_n where_o the_o space_n be_v much_o more_o large_a there_o be_v a_o lake_n very_o full_a of_o fish_n five_o furlong_n or_o a_o italian_a mile_n and_o a_o quarter_n and_o make_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o base-viol_n where_o it_o be_v narrow_a it_o be_v to_o be_v cross_v over_o a_o very_a beautiful_a bridge_n which_o answer_v to_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o wall_n at_o the_o end_v of_o which_o stand_v two_o triumphal_a arch_n of_o three_o arch_n a_o piece_n high_a raise_v majestic_a and_o most_o excellent_a workmanship_n this_o lake_n of_o which_o m._n polo_n make_v mention_v l._n 2._o c._n 6._o be_v environ_v with_o little_a palace_n or_o house_n of_o pleasure_n build_v partly_o in_o the_o water_n and_o part_v up_o the_o land_n the_o middle_a of_o the_o lake_n be_v full_a of_o very_o beautiful_a barge_n for_o the_o king_n use_n when_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o fish_n or_o to_o be_v row_v about_o the_o lake_n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o two_o east_n and_o west_n space_n which_o be_v not_o take_v up_o by_o the_o lake_n or_o the_o separate_a palace_n be_v divide_v into_o large_a and_o well_o proportion_v street_n inhabit_v by_o the_o officer_n and_o artificer_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n palace_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o precede_a king_n those_o street_n cantain_v beside_o ten_o thousand_o eunuch_n but_o they_o who_o reign_n at_o present_a have_v put_v in_o their_o room_n tartar_n and_o chinese_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leao_n who_o be_v lookâ—…_n upon_o as_o tartar_n by_o a_o peculiar_a favour_n thus_o much_o as_o to_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o palace_n we_o be_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o inside_n therefore_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v there_o be_v two_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v the_o first_o that_o all_o the_o city_n and_o all_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o king_n the_o great_a lord_n the_o mandarin_n and_o wealthy_a person_n be_v so_o build_v that_o the_o gate_n and_o principal_a apartment_n look_v towards_o the_o south_n the_o second_o that_o whereas_o we_o build_v our_o lodging_n one_o story_n above_o another_o the_o chineses_n build_v upon_o the_o same_o level_n one_o within_o another_o so_o that_o we_o possess_v the_o air_n and_o they_o the_o earth_n for_o example_n the_o great_a gate_n that_o front_v the_o south_n stand_v
towards_o the_o street_n with_o little_a house_n on_o both_o side_n and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o apartment_n then_o you_o enter_v into_o a_o fine_a court_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o that_o stand_v another_o gate_n and_o there_o be_v the_o second_o apartment_n behind_o that_o lie_v a_o more_o spacious_a court_n join_v to_o a_o great_a hall_n appoint_v for_o the_o reception_n of_o stranger_n behind_o that_o lie_v a_o three_o court_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o be_v a_o four_o apartment_n where_o the_o master_n of_o the_o house_n reside_v behind_o which_o lie_v a_o five_o court_n and_o a_o five_o apartment_n where_o the_o master_n lay_v his_o jewel_n his_o most_o costly_a furniture_n and_o his_o lumber_n beyond_o there_o be_v a_o garden_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o that_o a_o six_o apartment_n with_o a_o little_a door_n in_o the_o middle_a which_o be_v never_o open_v but_o upon_o occasion_n or_o necessity_n upon_o the_o east_n and_o west_n side_n of_o these_o court_n be_v building_n of_o mean_a value_n which_o serve_v for_o cellar_n larder_n storehouse_n and_o other_o office_n belong_v to_o the_o family_n only_o in_o the_o court_n adjoin_v to_o the_o great_a gate_n live_v the_o domestic_a servant_n with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n thus_o the_o house_n of_o the_o mandarin_n and_o wealthy_a person_n be_v usual_o contrive_v but_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n take_v up_o more_o ground_n and_o have_v more_o room_n large_a and_o high_o according_a to_o their_o dignity_n all_o thing_n be_v so_o well_o regulate_v in_o china_n that_o neither_o the_o mandarin_n nor_o great_a lord_n can_v build_v their_o house_n but_o conformable_a to_o what_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o law._n note_n upon_o the_o seventeen_o chapter_n this_o chapter_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o curious_a because_o it_o contain_v a_o very_a large_a description_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o china_n and_o the_o spacious_a palace_n of_o the_o emperor_n all_o the_o other_o relation_n without_o exception_n speak_v very_o little_a of_o it_o and_o general_o that_o very_o confuse_o too_o but_o that_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v wonder_v at_o for_o the_o ambassador_n live_v always_o retire_v in_o the_o palace_n appoint_v for_o their_o reception_n and_o as_o for_o the_o missionary_n they_o never_o see_v pe_n kim_v unless_o it_o be_v only_o pass_v through_o it_o or_o when_o they_o be_v carry_v prisoner_n thither_o in_o the_o last_o persecution_n so_o that_o unless_o it_o be_v father_n adam_n father_n ferdinand_n verbrest_n and_o f._n magaillans_n there_o be_v none_o that_o can_v instruct_v we_o perfect_o of_o the_o particular_n of_o this_o great_a city_n and_o indeed_o the_o latter_a be_v the_o only_a person_n who_o have_v give_v we_o a_o description_n of_o it_o after_o a_o residence_n in_o those_o part_n of_o near_o five_o and_o twenty_o year_n nevertheless_o for_o the_o reader_n better_a satisfaction_n and_o to_o furnish_v he_o with_o a_o more_o distinct_a idea_n of_o the_o place_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o add_v to_o the_o description_n a_o ground-plot_n or_o draught_n of_o the_o city_n of_o pe_n kim_n and_o the_o emperor_n palace_n which_o i_o have_v draw_v out_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o care_n and_o pain_n not_o put_v in_o any_o thing_n for_o which_o i_o have_v not_o a_o sufficient_a warrant_n from_o the_o relation_n of_o our_o author_n as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o this_o translation_n and_o the_o follow_a note_n you_o will_v find_v also_o thaâ—…_n though_o this_o description_n be_v very_o curious_a yet_o it_o will_v have_v be_v more_o perfect_a have_v it_o have_v a_o more_o exact_a draught_n of_o the_o city_n and_o emperor_n palace_n in_o general_n and_o more_o draught_n and_o particular_a design_n of_o several_a palace_n as_o wâ—…ll_o belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n as_o to_o the_o great_a lord_n as_o also_o of_o the_o temple_n triumphal_a arch_n and_o bridge_n etc._n etc._n but_o we_o may_v be_v well_o cement_n with_o this_o relation_n till_o the_o 〈◊〉_d who_o be_v go_v to_o china_n by_o the_o king_n command_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o send_v we_o something_o more_o complete_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o have_v not_o mark_v down_o above_o seventy_o street_n for_o that_o they_o be_v all_o of_o one_o form_n and_o situation_n be_v sufficient_a to_o give_v we_o a_o idea_n of_o this_o spacious_a city_n beside_o that_o the_o relation_n do_v not_o ascertain_v the_o number_n and_o for_o that_o the_o smallness_n of_o the_o draught_n will_v not_o allow_v we_o to_o set_v down_o any_o more_o every_o side_n of_o the_o city_n be_v twelve_o chinese_n furlong_n in_o length_n etc._n etc._n 265._o father_n martini_n allow_v to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n no_o more_o than_o the_o compass_n of_o forty_o chinese_n furlong_n but_o we_o be_v rather_o to_o believe_v father_n magaillans_n who_o can_v not_o choose_v but_o be_v better_o inform_v and_o make_v they_o forty_o eight_o furlong_n in_o circuit_n father_n martini_n tell_v we_o also_o that_o the_o wall_n be_v build_v by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o emperor_n tai_n sungus_fw-la the_o three_o of_o the_o family_n of_o tai_n mim_fw-mi who_o begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n 1404._o father_n couplet_n in_o his_o chronology_n call_v this_o emperor_n chim_z sum_z or_o yum_n io_n and_o say_v moreover_o that_o he_o do_v not_o translate_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o empire_n from_o nam_n kim_n to_o pe_n kim_v till_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n or_o the_o year_n 1411._o it_o have_v nine_o gate_n and_o not_o twelve_o as_o father_n martini_n tell_v we_o 265._o what_o our_o author_n say_v here_o concern_v the_o number_n of_o the_o gate_n be_v confirm_v by_o peter_n semedo_n father_n adam_n schall_n and_o father_n couplet_n in_o his_o chronoloâ—…_n who_o all_o agree_v that_o there_o be_v but_o nine_o gate_n belong_v to_o the_o city_n of_o pe_n kim_v they_o build_v a_o new_a square_a city_n of_o which_o every_o side_n be_v six_o chinese_n furlong_n 265._o etc._n etc._n it_o have_v seven_o gate_n and_o every_o gate_n open_v into_o a_o suburb_n etc._n etc._n here_o i_o meet_v with_o three_o difficulty_n that_o very_o much_o puzzle_v i_o the_o first_o as_o to_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o new_a city_n the_o second_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o gate_n and_o the_o three_o as_o to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o two_o city_n father_n magaillans_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o new_a city_n be_v square_a and_o that_o each_o side_n be_v six_o furlong_n in_o length_n which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o the_o new_a city_n will_v be_v twenty_o four_o chinese_n furlong_n in_o circumference_n and_o the_o ground-plot_n will_v be_v but_o a_o four_o part_n in_o proportion_n to_o that_o of_o the_o other_o city_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o it_o will_v not_o take_v up_o above_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n which_o the_o old_a city_n do_v which_o to_o i_o seem_v too_o small_a for_o two_o reason_n the_o first_o because_o that_o father_n adam_n tell_v we_o that_o after_o the_o conquest_n of_o china_n the_o tartar_n reserve_v the_o old_a city_n for_o themselves_o and_o constrain_v all_o the_o chineses_n to_o retire_v into_o the_o neâ—…_n which_o be_v so_o small_a can_v never_o be_v capable_a to_o contain_v they_o 〈◊〉_d â—…h_v the_o rather_o because_o he_o add_v that_o it_o be_v in_o good_a paâ—…_n inhabit_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n second_o because_o the_o same_o father_n positive_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o new_a city_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d â—…er_n by_o â—…ur_fw-fr furlong_n than_o the_o old_a one_o but_o that_o 〈◊〉_d â—…he_fw-mi north_n to_o the_o south_n it_o be_v not_o above_o half_a 〈◊〉_d â—…ad_v as_o the_o 〈◊〉_d city_n 〈◊〉_d so_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o new_a city_n can_v not_o be_v above_o 〈◊〉_d furlong_n broad_a as_o f._n magaillans_n relate_v but_o it_o will_v be_v sixteen_o furlong_n in_o length_n and_o forty_o four_o in_o circumference_n now_o father_n adam_n be_v a_o testimony_n of_o great_a authority_n as_o well_o as_o 〈◊〉_d magaillans_n and_o therefore_o to_o reconcile_v they_o both_o together_o we_o must_v of_o necessity_n conclude_v that_o f._n magaillans_n speak_v only_o of_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o new_a city_n or_o the_o side_n that_o look_v towards_o the_o east_n and_o west_n which_o be_v not_o full_a out_o six_o furlong_n in_o length_n nevertheless_o until_o we_o have_v better_a information_n i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o behoove_v we_o to_o reject_v the_o description_n of_o f._n magaillans_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o draught_n i_o have_v make_v the_o new_a city_n perfect_o square_a leave_v to_o every_o man_n his_o liberty_n to_o adhere_v to_o which_o opinion_n he_o please_v according_a to_o these_o measure_v the_o circuit_n of_o the_o ancient_a
clock_n in_o the_o morning_n of_o a_o sudden_a there_o come_v a_o deluge_n that_o overflow_v the_o new_a city_n the_o suburb_n and_o the_o plane_n adjoin_v present_o they_o shut_v up_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o old_a city_n and_o stop_v up_o all_o the_o hole_n and_o cleft_n with_o chalk_n and_o bitumen_n mingle_v together_o to_o prevent_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o water_n but_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o new_a city_n be_v overturn_v and_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o poor_a creature_n especial_o woman_n and_o child_n be_v either_o drown_v or_o bury_v in_o the_o ruin_n a_o great_a number_n of_o village_n and_o house_n of_o pleasure_n be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o impetuosity_n of_o the_o inundation_n and_o the_o same_o thing_n happen_v to_o the_o neighbour_a city_n all_o the_o people_n flee_v for_o refuge_n to_o the_o high_a place_n or_o climb_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tree_n where_o several_a confound_v with_o their_o fear_n or_o faint_v for_o want_n of_o food_n drop_v down_o into_o the_o water_n and_o miserable_o perish_v in_o other_o province_n their_o happen_v accident_n and_o calamity_n yet_o more_o strange_a occasion_v by_o dreadful_a earthquake_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o pleasure_n of_o god_n to_o punish_v those_o insidel_n for_o the_o persecution_n which_o they_o have_v raise_v against_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o the_o preacher_n of_o the_o gospel_n never_o be_v â—…en_o the_o like_a consternation_n in_o that_o court_n where_o all_o man_n be_v reduce_v to_o utmost_a despair_n not_o be_v able_a to_o divine_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o extraordinary_a a_o deluge_n at_o last_o the_o king_n have_v send_v out_o certain_a people_n upon_o raft_n of_o timber_n for_o they_o have_v no_o boat_n at_o pekim_n to_o examine_v the_o reason_n they_o find_v that_o the_o trouble_a river_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o make_v mention_n have_v break_v down_o the_o dam_n and_o make_v itself_o a_o new_a channel_n across_o the_o field_n and_o suburb_n of_o the_o city_n which_o beget_v such_o a_o amaze_a fear_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n that_o the_o king_n and_o the_o grandee_n be_v just_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o remove_v to_o some_o other_o place_n the_o same_o fury_n of_o the_o inundation_n carry_v away_o several_a rock_n which_o knock_v against_o the_o pile_n of_o the_o famous_a bridge_n shake_v it_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o break_v down_o two_o of_o the_o arch_n the_o five_o proof_n be_v that_o m._n paulus_n in_o the_o thirty_o second_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n speak_v of_o that_o great_a river_n which_o the_o tartar_n call_v caramoran_n and_o the_o chinese_n hoâm_n hô_o or_o the_o yellow_a river_n in_o regard_n that_o the_o slimy_a mud_n which_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o make_v the_o water_n to_o look_v of_o that_o colour_n in_o the_o thirty_o six_o chapter_n he_o make_v mention_n of_o another_o river_n which_o he_o call_v in_o the_o chinese_n language_n o_o kiam_fw-la or_o the_o great_a river_n and_o which_o the_o chineses_n as_o we_o have_v say_v already_o call_v yam_n cu_z kiam_fw-la or_o the_o river_n son_n of_o the_o sea._n in_o the_o thirty_o six_o chapter_n describe_v the_o city_n which_o he_o call_v kimsai_n and_o which_o erroneous_o he_o will_v have_v to_o signify_v the_o city_n of_o heaven_n though_o the_o word_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o signify_v a_o court_n he_o report_v several_a particular_n concern_v it_o for_o example_n that_o the_o city_n be_v seat_v between_o a_o great_a lake_n and_o a_o great_a river_n and_o that_o round_a about_o the_o lake_n be_v to_o be_v see_v several_a palace_n of_o the_o grandee_n and_o divers_a temple_n of_o the_o bonze_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v very_o true_a only_o that_o he_o stretch_v too_o far_o where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o city_n be_v a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o circuit_n wherein_o he_o show_v himself_o rather_o a_o poet_n then_o a_o historian_n however_o it_o be_v the_o description_n which_o he_o make_v of_o the_o city_n and_o palace_n of_o cambalu_n sufficient_o demonstrate_v that_o catai_n be_v a_o part_n of_o china_n and_o that_o what_o he_o say_v of_o the_o city_n of_o kimsai_n be_v enough_o to_o prove_v that_o mangi_n be_v another_o part_n of_o the_o same_o empire_n for_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o relation_n be_v entire_o conformable_a to_o what_o we_o ourselves_o have_v see_v yet_o if_o m._n paulus_n have_v understand_v the_o chinese_n language_n as_o he_o say_v he_o understand_v that_o of_o the_o tartar_n he_o have_v with_o more_o exactness_n set_v down_o the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n and_o province_n and_o other_o particular_n which_o he_o report_v concern_v that_o empire_n but_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n he_o shall_v so_o often_o corrupt_a the_o name_n since_o we_o ourselves_o who_o upon_o our_o first_o arrival_n apply_v ourselves_o with_o all_o the_o industry_n imaginable_a to_o understand_v the_o chinese_n letter_n and_o language_n after_o the_o study_n of_o several_a year_n be_v frequent_o deceive_v and_o quite_o mistake_v some_o part_n of_o the_o word_n so_o that_o we_o must_v not_o be_v surprise_v if_o a_o knight_n who_o only_o mind_v his_o military_a design_n and_o to_o court_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o great_a have_fw-mi and_o only_o converse_v with_o the_o tartar_n who_o for_o want_v of_o politeness_n be_v the_o great_a corrupter_n of_o word_n above_o other_o nation_n shall_v fall_v into_o the_o same_o inconuènience_n for_o he_o have_v corrupt_v name_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o among_o we_o who_o have_v the_o great_a knowledge_n of_o the_o language_n and_o the_o empire_n have_v much_o ado_n to_o pick_v out_o the_o meaning_n of_o many_o of_o he_o mistake_v nevertheless_o by_o a_o strict_a examination_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n and_o other_o circumstance_n of_o his_o relation_n we_o at_o length_n find_v out_o what_o he_o intend_v father_n martin_n martini_n so_o famous_a for_o his_o atlas_n of_o china_n as_o witty_a and_o ingenious_a as_o he_o be_v can_v not_o exempt_v himself_o from_o commit_v the_o like_a error_n insomuch_o that_o we_o who_o have_v reside_v in_o this_o empire_n for_o so_o many_o year_n have_v find_v it_o very_o difficult_a to_o understand_v the_o person_n and_o the_o place_n of_o which_o he_o speak_v especial_o in_o the_o name_n that_o ought_v to_o terminate_v in_o m_n and_o which_o he_o always_o end_v in_o ng._n for_o example_n instead_o of_o say_n pekim_n nankim_n chekîam_n yûmlie_o cûmchîm_n he_o always_o write_v peking_n nank_v chekiang_n yeunglie_o cungch_v wherein_o he_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v deceive_v because_o that_o manner_n of_o writing_n do_v no_o way_n correspond_v with_o the_o chinese_n pronunciation_n which_o answer_v to_o that_o of_o our_o m._n and_o not_o of_o ng_z nor_o will_v it_o avail_v to_o say_v that_o the_o german_n pronounce_v i'm_n open_a with_o a_o soft_a production_n of_o the_o sound_n almost_o like_o ng_z because_o they_o express_v it_o somewhat_o through_o the_o nose_n for_o that_o the_o letter_n m_o whether_o pronunce_v open_a or_o close_o have_v always_o a_o much_o great_a correspondence_n with_o the_o chinese_n and_o latin_a pronunciation_n than_o the_o letter_n ng._n so_o much_o the_o more_o because_o the_o german_n pronounce_v i_o be_o final_a open_a rather_o like_a in_o or_o en_fw-fr then_o in_o or_o em._n so_o that_o indeed_o this_o reason_n may_v have_v be_v in_o some_o measure_n pardonable_a have_v the_o father_n write_v in_o high-dutch_a or_o only_o to_o the_o german_n but_o have_v write_v in_o latin_a and_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o all_o europe_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v conform_v to_o the_o most_o exact_a and_o common_a pronunciation_n philip_n cluverius_n in_o his_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o six_o book_n make_v a_o doubt_n whether_o the_o city_n of_o kimsai_n of_o which_o m._n polo_n make_v mention_n in_o his_o sixty_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n wâ—…re_v the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o tartary_n or_o the_o king_n of_o china_n he_o also_o with_o good_a reason_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o hyperbole_n which_o m._n polo_n make_v we_o in_o describe_v the_o say_a city_n of_o kimsai_n for_o the_o resolve_v of_o which_o difficulty_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o observe_v that_o instead_o of_o kimsai_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v write_v kimsu_n the_o master_n court._n for_o that_o kim_n signify_v a_o court_n and_o sum_z a_o master_n the_o court_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o model_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n kimsai_n then_o or_o kimsu_n be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o family_n of_o sum_n who_o the_o western_a tartar_n despoil_v of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o time_n of_o m._n polo_n a_o hundred_o year_n after_o that_o nankim_n and_o
cambalu_n and_o many_o other_o city_n and_o country_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o extent_n and_o division_n of_o china_n of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o city_n and_o other_o wall_a town_n and_o some_o other_o particular_n observe_v by_o the_o chinese_n author_n it_o be_v now_o eighteen_o year_n since_o father_n francis_n fierrado_n vice-provincial_a of_o china_n and_o afterward_o visitor_n of_o japan_n and_o china_n order_v i_o to_o write_v the_o history_n of_o this_o empire_n and_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o gospel_n there_o first_o begin_v to_o be_v preach_v now_o fourscore_o and_o thirteen_o year_n ago_o but_o the_o employment_n of_o the_o mission_n and_o the_o persecution_n we_o have_v undergo_v have_v hinder_v i_o from_o go_v on_o with_o it_o the_o father_n nicholas_n trigaut_n a_o fleming_n alvero_n semedo_n a_o portugese_n martini_n native_a of_o trent_n antony_n govea_n and_o ignatius_n de_fw-fr costa_n in_o their_o yearly_a relation_n have_v treat_v very_o large_o upon_o this_o subject_a but_o the_o beauty_n the_o grandeur_n and_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o empire_n be_v such_o copious_a subject_n that_o though_o there_o have_v be_v much_o already_o write_v concern_v they_o yet_o there_o remain_v much_o more_o to_o be_v say_v wherefore_o i_o think_v it_o my_o duty_n to_o set_v down_o in_o this_o place_n the_o chief_a observation_n which_o i_o have_v collect_v together_o china_n be_v seat_v almost_o at_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n of_o asia_n towards_o the_o east_n it_o lie_v under_o twenty_o three_o degree_n from_o north_n to_o south_n from_o the_o fortress_n of_o caiazzo_n pim_n place_v upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o province_n of_o pekim_n in_o forty_o one_o degree_n of_o latitude_n to_o the_o meridional_a point_n of_o the_o island_n of_o hai_o nan_n in_o eighteen_o degree_n of_o elevation_n and_o a_o to_o the_o south_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quamtum_fw-la so_o that_o the_o length_n of_o china_n from_o north_n to_o south_n according_a to_o the_o chinese_n book_n be_v five_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o li_n or_o furlong_n which_o make_v 402½_n spanish_n or_o portugal_n league_n at_o 17½_n to_o a_o degree_n 575_o french_a league_n at_o 25._o to_o a_o degree_n â—…45_n german_n at_o 15._o to_o a_o degree_n 1380_o italian_a mile_n at_o 60._o to_o a_o degree_n 5750_o li_n or_o chinese_n furlong_n at_o 250._o to_o a_o degree_n from_o the_o point_n of_o nîm_n pô_o a_o seaport_n town_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiam_a where_o the_o portugal_n be_v former_o wont_n to_o trade_n and_o which_o ferdinand_n mendez_n call_v leam_fw-la po_n to_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n in_o a_o straight_a line_n from_o east_n to_o west_n it_o be_v account_v 297_o spanish_n and_o portugal_n league_n 426_o french_a league_n 255_o german_a mile_n 1020_o italian_a mile_n 4080_o chinese_n furlong_n at_o 240_o to_o a_o degree_n but_o if_o you_o will_v have_v the_o length_n of_o china_n where_o it_o be_v long_a you_o must_v take_v it_o from_o the_o last_o place_n to_o the_o northwest_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotum_n call_v caiyven_v to_o the_o last_o city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o yunnan_n call_v cin_n tien_n kiun_n min_fw-mi fu._n take_v it_o thus_o and_o then_o the_o long_a length_n of_o this_o empire_n will_v bâ—…_n 525_o spanish_a league_n 750_o french_a league_n 1800_o italian_a mile_n 8400_o chinese_n furlong_n at_o four_o and_o a_o half_a to_o a_o mile_n of_o italy_n the_o true_a breadth_n of_o china_n to_o take_v it_o from_o tamburlaine_n chan_n the_o most_o easterly_a place_n of_o the_o country_n of_o leao_n tum_fw-la and_o which_o join_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o corea_n to_o the_o place_n call_v tum_o tim_o to_o the_o west_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la be_v 350_o spanish_a league_n 500_o french_a league_n 300_o german_a mile_n 1200_o italian_a mile_n 5400_o chinese_n furlong_n there_o be_v fifteen_o province_n in_o this_o empire_n which_o for_o their_o largeness_n their_o riches_n and_o fertility_n may_v well_o be_v call_v kingdom_n which_o the_o chineses_n rank_n in_o this_o order_n according_a to_o their_o antiquity_n and_o precedency_n pe_fw-la kim_n nan_n kim_v now_o call_v kiamm_n nân_n xansi_fw-fr xantum_fw-la hô_o nân_n xénsi_fw-fr vhe_fw-it kiam_fw-la kiam_fw-la si_fw-la hù_fw-fr quam_fw-la su_n chuen_fw-ge foe_n kien_n quám_fw-la tumm_n quam_fw-la si_fw-la yunnan_n quei_z cheum_fw-la the_o country_n of_o leao_n tum_fw-la might_n also_o well_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o a_o province_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o extent_n but_o the_o chineses_n include_v it_o within_o the_o province_n of_o xan_n tum_fw-la the_o province_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n be_v pe_n kim_v xan_n tum_fw-la nan_n kim_v vhe_fw-it kiam_fw-la foe_n kien_n and_o quam_fw-la tum_fw-la those_o that_o border_n upon_o foreign_a kingdom_n be_v pekim_v xansi_fw-la xensi_fw-la su_n chuen_fw-ge yunnan_n quamsi_n the_o midland_n province_n be_v honan_n hu_o quam_fw-la kiamsi_fw-la quci_fw-la cheu_fw-la by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o cluverius_n trust_v too_o unwary_o to_o false_a relation_n when_o he_o reckon_v up_o eighteen_o province_n in_o china_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o kingdom_n of_o cochinchina_n for_o though_o that_o kingdom_n and_o that_o of_o tum_o kim_n be_v former_o subject_a to_o china_n it_o be_v but_o for_o a_o very_a few_o year_n and_o it_o be_v a_o long_a time_n ago_o since_o they_o throw_v off_o that_o subjection_n there_o be_v several_a island_n also_o belong_v to_o china_n as_o the_o great_a and_o little_a lieu_fw-fr kieu_fw-fr tai_n van_n which_o the_o portuguese_n call_v formosa_fw-la where_o the_o hollander_n have_v a_o fortress_n which_o be_v wrest_v out_o of_o their_o hand_n by_o a_o chinese_n pirate_n some_o year_n since_o and_o where_o they_o lose_v a_o great_a number_n of_o man_n and_o great_a gun_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o good_n hai_o nan_n and_o hiam_fw-la xan_n where_o stand_v the_o city_n of_o amagao_n or_o macao_n upon_o the_o southern_a promontory_n of_o that_o island_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o other_o some_o inhabit_a other_o quite_o desert_n the_o kingdom_n of_o corea_n be_v not_o a_o island_n adjoin_v to_o china_n as_o cluverius_n believe_v but_o a_o great_a promontory_n of_o the_o firm_a land_n extend_v itself_o from_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n neither_o be_v xam_n haì_n a_o island_n as_o martini_n write_v in_o his_o atlas_n and_o mark_n it_o in_o his_o map_n but_o a_o fortress_n so_o vast_a and_o so_o well_o fortify_v by_o art_n and_o nature_n that_o it_o may_v compare_v with_o the_o best_a in_o europe_n it_o stand_v upon_o the_o firm_a land_n near_o the_o sea_n between_o the_o province_n of_o pe_n kim_n and_o the_o country_n of_o leao_n tum_fw-la the_o place_n wall_v in_o through_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o this_o empire_n amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o and_o two_o and_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o order_n the_o civil_a and_o military_a the_o civil_a order_n comprehend_v two_o thousand_o forty_o five_o wall_v town_n that_o be_v to_o say_v one_o hundred_o seventy_o five_o city_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v furio_n two_o hundred_o seventy_o four_o of_o the_o second_o order_n which_o they_o call_v cheum_fw-la one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o eighty_o and_o eight_o city_n which_o they_o call_v hièn_fw-fr two_o hundred_o and_o five_o royal_a hostery_n or_o place_n of_o entertainment_n call_v you_o and_o a_o hundred_o and_o three_o court_n of_o guard_n or_o royal_a hostery_n of_o the_o second_o rank_n which_o they_o call_v cham_n chin._n among_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o this_o empire_n i_o reckon_v several_a seat_v in_o the_o province_n of_o yun_n nan_n quei_z cheum_fw-la quam_fw-la si_fw-la and_o sum_n chuen_fw-ge which_o however_o pay_v no_o tribute_n to_o the_o emperor_n nor_o yield_v he_o any_o obedience_n but_o be_v govern_v by_o particular_a and_o absolute_a prince_n these_o town_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o environ_v with_o high_a mountain_n and_o steep_a rock_n as_o if_o nature_n have_v take_v a_o particular_a care_n of_o their_o fortification_n within_o which_o mountain_n lie_v field_n and_o plain_n for_o several_a day_n journey_n where_o be_v to_o be_v see_v city_n both_o of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o rank_n together_o with_o many_o town_n and_o village_n the_o chineses_n call_v these_o lord_n tù_fw-fr sù_n or_o tù_fw-fr quon_n that_o be_v to_o say_v mandarin_n of_o the_o country_n for_o that_o as_o they_o believe_v there_o be_v no_o emperor_n of_o the_o world_n but_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n so_o they_o be_v conceit_v that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o prince_n or_o lord_n but_o such_o as_o they_o to_o who_o the_o emperor_n give_v that_o title_n nor_o do_v they_o give_v the_o title_n of_o mandarin_n of_o the_o land_n or_o country_n to_o those_o but_o to_o distinguish_v
time_n have_v no_o power_n to_o to_o constrain_v they_o to_o a_o enterrment_n it_o be_v also_o lawful_a when_o a_o person_n die_v at_o a_o distance_n from_o his_o own_o house_n to_o transport_v his_o body_n from_o one_o city_n or_o province_n to_o another_o as_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o the_o rich_a sort_n and_o the_o mandarin_n to_o do_v provide_v nevertheless_o that_o they_o do_v not_o bring_v their_o dead_a body_n through_o the_o city_n but_o round_o about_o by_o the_o wall_n these_o coffin_n which_o be_v general_o of_o some_o sort_n of_o precious_a wood_n cost_v many_o time_n two_o hundred_o and_o sometime_o above_o a_o thousand_o crown_n and_o the_o child_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v so_o obsequious_a as_o to_o cause_v these_o cousin_n to_o be_v carry_v for_o several_a day_n and_o sometime_o for_o a_o whole_a month_n journey_n together_o at_o a_o extraordinary_a expense_n to_o lay_v they_o in_o the_o sepulcher_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o indeed_o the_o sepulcher_n of_o their_o grandee_n be_v very_o magnificent_a structure_n and_o certain_o deserve_v â—…oth_o to_o be_v see_v and_o admire_v for_o they_o be_v very_o fair_a and_o large_a house_n all_o vault_a erect_v upon_o a_o mountain_n or_o plain_n wherein_o they_o also_o present_o put_v the_o coffin_n and_o cover_v it_o with_o as_o much_o earth_n as_o will_v make_v a_o little_a hillock_n which_o they_o adorn_v and_o plant_v in_o wonderful_a order_n and_o symmetry_n with_o tree_n of_o several_a sort_n before_o the_o hillock_n they_o erect_v a_o large_a altar_n of_o white_a polish_v marble_n upon_o which_o they_o place_v a_o great_a candlestick_n of_o marble_n steel_n or_o tin_n and_o upon_o each_o side_n another_o candlestick_n of_o the_o same_o material_n then_o upon_o each_o side_n and_o in_o several_a file_n you_o shall_v see_v range_v in_o very_o good_a order_n a_o great_a number_n of_o figure_n of_o mandarin_n gentleman_n page_n eunuchs_z lion_n horse_n saddele_v camel_n tortoise_n and_o other_o creature_n who_o action_n and_o movement_n be_v represent_v with_o that_o lively_a briskness_n that_o you_o will_v think_v they_o alive_a indeed_o the_o chineses_n be_v very_o happy_a in_o their_o manner_n of_o express_v in_o dead_a sculpture_n the_o most_o lively_a passion_n of_o the_o mind_n as_o joy_n fear_v anger_n melancholy_n and_o the_o like_a they_o reckon_v three_o thousand_o thirty_o six_o man_n famous_a and_o renown_a for_o their_o virtue_n their_o knowledge_n and_o their_o prowess_n their_o loyalty_n towards_o their_o prince_n their_o obedience_n towards_o their_o parent_n or_o for_o some_o good_a work_n or_o action_n perform_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o country_n they_o also_o reckon_v two_o hundred_o and_o eight_o virgin_n and_o widow_n who_o for_o their_o chastity_n their_o courage_n and_o heroic_a action_n be_v think_v worthy_a of_o eternal_a memory_n and_o be_v celebrate_v in_o their_o story_n and_o poesy_n as_o be_v honour_v by_o the_o chinese_n with_o title_n inscription_n temple_n and_o triumphal_a arch_n last_o there_o be_v in_o china_n thirty_o two_o prince_n or_o petty_a king_n palace_n much_o less_o than_o the_o emperor_n but_o which_o resemble_v those_o in_o form_n and_o in_o the_o disposal_n and_o contrivance_n of_o the_o hall_n chamber_n garden_n and_o all_o other_o part_n according_a to_o the_o model_n of_o that_o palace_n where_o the_o emperor_n keep_v his_o residence_n note_n upon_o the_o second_o chapter_n a._n p._n 32._o in_o the_o portuguese_n original_a just_a against_o this_o part_n the_o author_n have_v set_v down_o these_o word_n in_o the_o margin_n a_o ly_n contain_v a_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o pace_n a_o pace_n six_o cubit_n a_o cubit_n the_o length_n of_o this_o margin_n a_o ly_n be_v a_o chinese_n furlong_n a_o cubit_n be_v a_o chinese_n foot._n i_o measure_v likewise_o exact_o the_o length_n of_o the_o margin_n in_o the_o original_a which_o as_o the_o author_n say_v be_v equal_a to_o a_o chinese_n cubit_n and_o find_v that_o it_o be_v to_o the_o foot_n of_o paris_n as_o seven_o to_o eight_o that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o the_o foot_n of_o paris_n exceed_v the_o chinese_n cubit_n a_o seven_o part_n of_o that_o cubit_n but_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v very_o requisite_a to_o know_v the_o proportion_n of_o these_o measure_n we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o in_o geography_n all_o itinerary_a measure_n be_v â—…o_o be_v reduce_v to_o one_o degree_n of_o a_o great_a circle_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o have_v be_v great_a labour_n and_o industry_n employ_v in_o all_o age_n and_o among_o all_o the_o more_o eminent_a nation_n to_o determine_v the_o measure_n of_o one_o of_o these_o degree_n but_o with_o so_o little_a success_n and_o so_o much_o uncertainty_n that_o you_o shall_v hardly_o meet_v with_o two_o geographer_n that_o agree_v in_o this_o particular_a as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o their_o work_n and_o more_o especial_o in_o the_o reform_a geography_n of_o father_n riccioli_n a_o jesuit_n who_o have_v make_v a_o large_a collection_n of_o those_o variety_n of_o opinion_n opinion_n â—…would_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o dive_v into_o the_o cause_n of_o both_o their_o error_n or_o of_o the_o great_a difficulty_n to_o determine_v precise_o the_o measure_n of_o a_o degree_n let_v it_o suffice_v therefore_o to_o say_v that_o at_o length_n the_o royal_a society_n of_o science_n at_o paris_n compose_v of_o the_o most_o learned_a man_n and_o most_o ingenious_a astronomer_n and_o geometrician_n of_o europe_n have_v bring_v this_o difficult_a undertake_n to_o perfection_n with_o so_o much_o caution_n care_n and_o exactness_n that_o we_o can_v believe_v that_o future_a age_n will_v be_v able_a to_o add_v any_o thing_n to_o their_o invention_n here_o then_o be_v the_o proportion_n or_o measure_n of_o the_o great_a circle_n of_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o the_o measure_n of_o several_a country_n the_o measure_n of_o the_o great_a circle_n of_o the_o earth_n fathom_n of_o paris_n 57060_o 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his_o vain_a pleasure_n be_v so_o take_v with_o the_o queen_n contrivance_n that_o he_o appoint_v all_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v according_a to_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o lascivious_a queen_n and_o when_o all_o thing_n be_v do_v according_a to_o his_o wish_n he_o spend_v a_o whole_a year_n in_o this_o palace_n abandon_v himself_o to_o all_o manner_n of_o dishonest_a and_o voluptuous_a pleasure_n mind_v neither_o his_o court_n nor_o his_o kingdom_n and_o these_o folly_n together_o with_o several_a other_o unjust_a and_o crew_n action_n enforce_v his_o subject_n to_o revolt_v and_o choose_v in_o his_o place_n the_o emperor_n cham_fw-mi tum_fw-la the_o chief_a of_o another_o new_a family_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n kie_fw-mi the_o chinese_n destroy_v his_o new_a palace_n where_o he_o have_v perpetrate_v so_o many_o wicked_a action_n and_o abolish_v all_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n enact_v by_o that_o same_o cruel_a tyrant_n 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impostor_n or_o magician_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o have_v a_o great_a desire_n to_o see_v the_o lantern_n in_o the_o city_n of_o yâm_n cheu_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiam_fw-la nan_n the_o most_o curious_a and_o most_o celebrate_v over_o all_o the_o empire_n for_o their_o beauty_n their_o riches_n and_o their_o workmanship_n but_o say_v he_o i_o be_o afraid_a that_o if_o i_o go_v incognito_o and_o in_o disguise_n lest_o some_o disorder_n or_o tumult_n shall_v happen_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n in_o the_o court_n or_o kingdom_n or_o if_o i_o shall_v take_v this_o progress_n with_o a_o attendance_n and_o train_n suitable_a to_o my_o dignity_n beside_o the_o burden_n and_o charge_n that_o i_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o people_n i_o fear_v that_o all_o man_n will_v condemn_v i_o of_o folly_n and_o think_v it_o strange_a that_o so_o great_a a_o emperor_n shall_v take_v a_o journey_n so_o long_o and_o tedious_a for_o the_o divertisement_n of_o a_o few_o hour_n let_v not_o your_o majesty_n be_v disturb_v at_o that_o reply_v the_o magician_n for_o i_o promise_v your_o majesty_n that_o without_o expose_v yourself_o to_o any_o of_o these_o inconvenience_n which_o you_o have_v propound_v to_o i_o i_o will_v so_o order_v the_o matter_n that_o the_o next_o lantern_n night_n which_o be_v not_o far_o off_o you_o shall_v set_v forward_o return_v to_o your_o palace_n and_o see_v the_o lantern_n with_o all_o the_o satisfaction_n you_o can_v wish_v or_o desire_v in_o a_o few_o hour_n after_o that_o there_o appear_v in_o the_o air_n chariot_n and_o throne_n all_o of_o white_a cloud_n and_o draw_v by_o swan_n immediate_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o chariot_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o damsel_n and_o lady_n of_o honour_n together_o with_o the_o musician_n of_o the_o palace_n and_o then_o away_o fly_v the_o swan_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a swiftness_n and_o in_o a_o few_o moment_n arrive_v at_o yâm_n cheu_n which_o the_o cloud_n enlarge_n themselves_o cover_v all_o over_o and_o then_o it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n at_o leisure_n view_v the_o lantern_n which_o the_o people_n have_v light_v and_o to_o recompense_v they_o for_o the_o divertisement_n which_o they_o have_v give_v he_o he_o cause_v his_o musician_n to_o charm_n their_o ear_n with_o a_o consort_n of_o voice_n and_o instrument_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o he_o set_v forward_o again_o for_o his_o capital_a city_n and_o in_o the_o twinkle_v of_o a_o eye_n find_v himself_o at_o home_n in_o his_o own_o palace_n within_o a_o month_n after_o there_o come_v a_o courier_n according_a to_o custom_n with_o a_o dispatch_n by_o which_o intelligence_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n that_o upon_o a_o lantern_n night_n several_a holy_a man_n be_v see_v hover_v over_o the_o city_n of_o yâm_n cheu_n upon_o throne_n of_o cloud_n draw_v by_o swan_n and_o who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n have_v ravish_v their_o ear_n with_o a_o most_o harmonious_a musical_a consort_n of_o voice_n and_o instrument_n last_o they_o tell_v you_o that_o about_o five_o hundred_o year_n ago_o there_o be_v a_o king_n of_o the_o family_n of_o sûm_fw-la renown_v for_o his_o noble_a quality_n and_o virtue_n more_o especial_o for_o his_o mildness_n and_o affability_n that_o this_o prince_n to_o show_v the_o affection_n which_o he_o have_v for_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n be_v wont_n every_o year_n to_o appear_v public_o in_o his_o palace_n for_o eight_o night_n together_o without_o his_o guard_n and_o all_o the_o gate_n set_v open_a and_o to_o suffer_v the_o multitude_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o all_o the_o firework_n and_o lantern_n which_o be_v very_o large_a and_o magnificent_a and_o of_o several_a form_n that_o be_v in_o the_o hall_n and_o court_n all_o the_o while_n entertain_v his_o subject_n with_o music_n befit_v the_o grandeur_n of_o a_o emperor_n that_o make_v himself_o so_o familiar_a to_o the_o whole_a assembly_n these_o be_v the_o story_n which_o the_o chineses_n recount_v touch_v the_o original_a and_o augmentation_n of_o honour_n give_v to_o the_o lantern_n festival_n so_o famous_a over_o all_o china_n upon_o which_o i_o have_v the_o long_o insist_v to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o this_o same_o pattern_n the_o reader_n may_v judge_v what_o may_v be_v enlarge_v upon_o other_o subject_n note_n upon_o the_o six_o chapter_n a._n p._n 110._o yam_n cheu_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiam_fw-la nan._n the_o city_n of_o yam_n cheu_n be_v seat_v near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o grand_a canal_n in_o the_o river_n kiam_fw-la it_o be_v very_o wealthy_a eminent_a for_o trade_n and_o adorn_v with_o magnificent_a house_n build_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o the_o merchant_n themselves_o who_o be_v enrich_v by_o their_o traffic_n in_o salt_n of_o which_o there_o be_v vast_a quantity_n draw_v out_o of_o several_a salt-pit_n upon_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o city_n the_o wealth_n of_o this_o city_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v exorbitant_o addict_v to_o their_o pleasure_n insomuch_o that_o several_a little_a girl_n be_v there_o breed_v up_o the_o most_o beautiful_a that_o can_v be_v find_v and_o teach_v to_o dance_n and_o sing_n and_o instruct_v in_o all_o other_o female_a allurement_n that_o may_v render_v they_o agreeable_a who_o be_v thus_o accomplish_v â—…re_o sell_v at_o dear_a rate_n for_o concubine_n to_o the_o more_o wealthy_a sort_n no_o wonder_n then_o that_o they_o spare_v for_o no_o cost_n to_o divertise_v themselves_o and_o to_o render_v their_o lantern_n festival_n the_o most_o pompous_a and_o magnificent_a above_o all_o other_o in_o china_n almost_o all_o the_o relation_n mention_v this_o feast_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o our_o author_n do_v but_o not_o with_o so_o many_o circumstance_n kiam_fw-la nan_n signify_v a_o province_n to_o the_o south_n of_o the_o river_n kiam_fw-la under_o the_o chinese_n king_n this_o province_n be_v call_v nan_n kim_n as_o also_o the_o capital_a city_n 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and_o largeness_n all_o those_o of_o other_o kingdom_n which_o be_v know_v to_o we_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o principal_a mandarin_n appear_v to_o be_v city_n and_o the_o house_n of_o wealthy_a private_a person_n resemble_v so_o many_o palace_n they_o consist_v of_o five_o or_o six_o apartment_n not_o one_o above_o another_o as_o in_o europe_n but_o one_o beyond_o another_o and_o upon_o the_o same_o platform_n every_o apartment_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o other_o by_o a_o large_a court_n from_o which_o you_o ascend_v into_o the_o hall_n and_o chamber_n by_o a_o ascent_n of_o six_o or_o seven_o step_n i_o have_v speak_v in_o general_a of_o their_o work_n and_o building_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n i_o have_v also_o describe_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n the_o celebrate_a bridge_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v not_o far_o from_o pekim_a and_o i_o intend_v to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o last_o of_o the_o emperor_n palace_n nevertheless_o that_o i_o may_v 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a_o city_n with_o provision_n necessary_a for_o their_o subsistence_n he_o order_v a_o great_a number_n of_o vessel_n to_o be_v build_v to_o bring_v victual_n spice_n and_o merchandise_n of_o all_o sort_n to_o pekim_a from_o the_o southern_a province_n however_o perceive_v the_o incertainty_n of_o those_o voyage_n and_o how_o that_o calm_n and_o tempest_n cause_v the_o loss_n of_o a_o infinite_a quantity_n of_o provision_n and_o merchandise_n he_o employ_v workman_n without_o number_n who_o at_o vast_a expense_n and_o with_o a_o unparalleled_a industry_n open_v a_o canal_n three_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o chinese_n furlong_n or_o two_o hundred_o forty_o five_o portugal_n league_n in_o length_n through_o several_a province_n this_o canal_n as_o well_o to_o weaken_v the_o current_n of_o the_o stream_n as_o to_o make_v it_o more_o deep_a by_o retain_v the_o water_n within_o it_o be_v furnish_v with_o seventy_o two_o sluice_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v chan_n they_o have_v every_o 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burden_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o lade_n other_o at_o the_o same_o time_n labour_n at_o capstanes_n place_v upon_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o sluice_n which_o be_v very_o broad_a and_o build_v of_o freestone_n beside_o the_o rope_n already_o mention_v there_o be_v other_o which_o be_v very_o strong_a wound_v about_o great_a pillar_n of_o stone_n or_o wood_n to_o hold_v the_o vessel_n if_o any_o of_o the_o other_o cordage_n shall_v chance_v to_o break_v when_o these_o cord_n be_v all_o fasten_v they_o begin_v to_o haule_v by_o degree_n as_o it_o be_v keep_v time_n to_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o basin_n upon_o which_o they_o knock_v at_o first_o but_o soft_o and_o with_o some_o interval_n between_o the_o stroke_n but_o when_o half_a the_o bark_n at_o least_o be_v raise_v to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o upper_a channel_n in_o regard_n the_o current_n be_v then_o much_o strong_a they_o knock_v upon_o the_o basin_n with_o thick_a stroke_n at_o what_o time_n the_o four_o 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where_o they_o stop_v during_o their_o journey_n here_o the_o merchant_n sleep_n and_o shelter_v themselves_o as_o in_o their_o house_n dress_v their_o meat_n and_o eat_v it_o and_o put_v their_o furniture_n and_o utensil_n therein_o the_o same_o merchant_n also_o bring_v from_o the_o mountain_n and_o forest_n where_o they_o cut_v their_o wood_n several_a sort_n of_o medicinal_a herb_n parrot_n monkey_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o they_o sell_v in_o the_o city_n and_o other_o place_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v to_o other_o merchant_n that_o vend_v they_o over_o all_o the_o province_n of_o the_o empire_n great_a quantity_n of_o this_o wood_n be_v bring_v to_o pekim_v though_o it_o be_v distant_a above_o seven_o hundred_o portugueze_n league_n from_o the_o mountain_n where_o the_o wood_n be_v cut_v down_o and_o thus_o a_o man_n may_v easy_o judge_v by_o what_o i_o say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n that_o can_v compare_v with_o china_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o go_v and_o trade_n by_o water_n chap._n x._o of_o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o china_n most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o two_o fountain_n of_o trade_n be_v navigation_n and_o plenty_n in_o a_o kingdom_n store_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n china_n enjoy_v both_o these_o advantage_n to_o that_o degree_n that_o no_o kingdom_n exceed_v it_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o gold_n which_o be_v find_v in_o all_o the_o mountain_n be_v such_o that_o instead_o of_o coin_v it_o into_o money_n to_o buy_v necessary_n it_o be_v itself_o a_o commodity_n whence_o come_v that_o proverb_n among_o the_o chineses_n so_o often_o repeat_v at_o macao_n money_n be_v the_o blood_n but_o gold_n be_v merchandise_n as_o for_o money_n it_o be_v now_o above_o four_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o year_n that_o this_o empire_n have_v last_v nor_o have_v their_o covetousness_n of_o money_n nor_o their_o industry_n to_o get_v it_o be_v less_o ancient_a so_o that_o the_o quantity_n which_o the_o chineses_n have_v rammase_v together_o must_v needs_o be_v immense_a and_o incredible_a so_o much_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o whatever_o enter_v once_o be_v never_o carry_v out_o again_o in_o regard_n the_o law_n so_o strict_o forbid_v it_o you_o shall_v rare_o hear_v in_o europe_n of_o present_n make_v of_o five_o hundred_o or_o a_o thousand_o crown_n but_o in_o china_n it_o be_v a_o usual_a thing_n to_o make_v present_n not_o only_o of_o a_o thousand_o but_o ten_o twenty_o thirty_o forty_o thousand_o crown_n and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o through_o the_o whole_a empire_n but_o more_o especial_o at_o court_n several_z million_o be_v expend_v in_o present_n and_o entertainment_n and_o that_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v there_o every_o day_n to_o be_v see_v which_o be_v
severity_n of_o punishment_n as_o confiscation_n of_o good_n banishment_n or_o death_n then_o after_o they_o have_v inform_v the_o king_n they_o send_v back_o the_o indictment_n and_o the_o person_n indict_v to_o this_o tribunal_n where_o after_o another_o re_fw-mi examination_n of_o the_o cause_n the_o definitive_a sentence_n be_v pronounce_v to_o the_o palace_n appoint_v for_o this_o tribunal_n belong_v fourteen_o more_o inferior_a court_n or_o tribunal_n for_o the_o fourteen_o province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o we_o have_v already_o observe_v in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o second_o tribunal_n the_o torment_n also_o and_o execution_n which_o this_o court_n inflict_v upon_o criminal_n be_v of_o various_a sort_n which_o i_o omit_v for_o fear_v of_o be_v too_o tedious_a i_o shall_v only_o observe_v one_o custom_n among_o the_o chinese_n quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o be_v usual_a in_o europe_n where_o noble_a man_n be_v behead_v and_o ordinary_a offender_n be_v hang_v whereas_o in_o china_n the_o great_a ignominy_n that_o can_v befall_v a_o man_n be_v to_o have_v his_o head_n cut_v off_o and_o therefore_o when_o the_o king_n will_v show_v a_o extraordinary_a favour_n to_o a_o great_a lord_n or_o mandarin_n condem'nd_v to_o die_v he_o send_v he_o a_o very_a soft_a piece_n of_o silk_n to_o be_v hang_v in_o instead_o of_o a_o halter_n and_o the_o reason_n which_o the_o chineses_n give_v to_o justify_v this_o conceit_n of_o they_o be_v this_o because_o they_o say_v that_o of_o necessity_n such_o as_o be_v behead_v must_v have_v be_v disobedient_a to_o their_o parent_n who_o give_v they_o sound_a and_o perfect_a body_n till_o they_o by_o their_o disobedience_n and_o their_o crime_n make_v a_o separation_n and_o disfigurement_n of_o the_o member_n and_o they_o be_v so_o possess_v with_o this_o opinion_n that_o the_o chineses_n will_v buy_v of_o the_o hangman_n the_o body_n of_o the_o malefactor_n execute_v if_o they_o be_v their_o parent_n for_o five_o ten_o or_o twenty_o crown_n nay_o sometime_o they_o will_v not_o spare_v for_o hundred_o and_o thousand_o of_o crown_n according_a to_o their_o wealth_n or_o poverty_n and_o then_o they_o sow_v the_o head_n to_o the_o body_n again_o with_o a_o world_n of_o lamentation_n and_o shower_n of_o tear_n to_o satisfy_v in_o some_o measure_n for_o their_o disobedience_n they_o report_v that_o the_o original_n of_o this_o ceremony_n proceed_v from_o a_o disciple_n of_o cum_fw-la fu_fw-la cius_fw-la call_v tsem_fw-la â—…su_fw-la this_o philosopher_n lie_v at_o the_o point_n of_o death_n send_v for_o his_o child_n and_o disciple_n and_o after_o he_o have_v show_v they_o his_o head_n his_o arm_n and_o his_o foot_n he_o take_v his_o last_o farewell_n of_o they_o in_o these_o word_n child_n say_v he_o learn_v of_o your_o father_n and_o your_o master_n to_o be_v as_o obedient_a as_o i_o have_v be_v to_o they_o who_o give_v i_o my_o be_v in_o this_o world_n and_o bring_v i_o up_o with_o so_o much_o care_n since_o by_o that_o mean_v i_o have_v preserve_v entire_a and_o perfect_a the_o body_n which_o they_o bestow_v upon_o i_o i_o say_v but_o now_o that_o the_o chineses_n purchase_v the_o body_n of_o parent_n at_o great_a rate_n which_o be_v true_a for_o they_o that_o be_v condemn_v to_o be_v behead_v be_v also_o sentence_v to_o be_v deprive_v of_o common_a burial_n which_o be_v a_o most_o terrible_a infamy_n among_o they_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o hangman_n be_v oblige_v after_o he_o have_v strip_v the_o body_n to_o throw_v it_o into_o the_o next_o ditch_n and_o in_o sell_v the_o body_n he_o expose_v himself_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o be_v severe_o punish_v or_o at_o least_o to_o give_v the_o mandarin_n or_o the_o informer_n that_o discover_v the_o sale_n a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o money_n which_o he_o receive_v and_o therefore_o he_o must_v sell_v dear_a that_o he_o may_v give_v the_o more_o among_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o law_n there_o be_v one_o observe_v by_o this_o tribunal_n which_o be_v enact_v by_o one_o of_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o which_o i_o can_v omit_v the_o rehearsal_n that_o when_o any_o criminal_a either_o for_o his_o good_a quality_n or_o for_o any_o other_o reason_n deserve_v to_o be_v pity_v whether_o he_o be_v condemn_v in_o the_o spring_n the_o winter_n or_o the_o summer_n he_o shall_v be_v reprieve_v till_o the_o end_n of_o the_o next_o autumn_n follow_v for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n among_o the_o chinese_n upon_o the_o birth_n or_o marriage_n of_o a_o prince_n or_o upon_o any_o other_o cause_n of_o public_a rejoice_v or_o after_o a_o earthquake_n or_o upon_o any_o extraordinary_a alteration_n of_o the_o season_n or_o element_n to_o release_v all_o sort_n of_o prisoner_n except_o some_o few_o that_o be_v except_v and_o by_o that_o mean_v those_o that_o be_v reprieve_v be_v set_v at_o liberty_n or_o at_o least_o live_v in_o fair_a hope_n for_o some_o month_n the_o six_o and_o last_o superior_a tribunal_n be_v call_v cu_z pu_fw-fr or_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o public_a work_n this_o tribunal_n take_v care_n to_o build_v and_o repair_v the_o king_n palace_n their_o sepulcher_n and_o temple_n wherein_o they_o honour_v their_o predecessor_n or_o where_o they_o adore_v their_o deity_n the_o sun_n moon_n heaven_n and_o earth_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o the_o palace_n of_o all_o the_o tribunal_n throughout_o the_o empire_n and_o those_o of_o the_o great_a lord_n they_o be_v also_o the_o surveyor_n and_o overseer_n of_o all_o the_o tower_n bridges_n dam_n river_n lake_n and_o of_o all_o thing_n requisite_a to_o render_v river_n navigable_a as_o highway_n wagon_n bark_n boat_n and_o the_o like_a to_o this_o palace_n belong_v four_o more_o inferior_a court_n the_o first_o be_v call_v vincentio_n xen_a su_n which_o examine_v and_o draw_v the_o design_n of_o all_o the_o work_n that_o be_v to_o be_v do_v the_o second_o thou_o hem_o sum_o which_o have_v the_o order_n of_o all_o the_o work-house_n and_o shop_n in_o all_o the_o city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o make_n of_o warlike_a arm_n and_o weapon_n the_o three_o tum_o xui_o sum_o takes_z care_n to_o make_v the_o river_n and_o lake_n navigable_a to_o level_v the_o high_a way_n to_o build_v and_o repair_v bridge_n and_o for_o the_o make_n of_o wagon_n and_o boat_n and_o other_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o convenience_n of_o commerce_n the_o four_o ce_fw-fr tien_n sum_o be_v the_o overseer_n of_o the_o king_n house_n and_o land_n which_o he_o let_v out_o to_o hire_v and_o of_o which_o he_o have_v both_o the_o rent_n and_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o harvest_n by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o six_o superior_a tribunal_n have_v under_o they_o four_o and_o forty_o inferior_a court_n which_o have_v their_o peculiar_a palace_n within_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o palace_n of_o that_o tribunal_n to_o which_o they_o belong_v with_o hall_n chamber_n and_o other_o convenience_n every_o one_o of_o these_o forty_o four_o court_n have_v also_o a_o precedent_n and_o twelve_o counsellor_n four_o of_o which_o be_v of_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o the_o five_o order_n of_o mandarin_n four_o of_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o the_o five_o and_o the_o other_o four_o of_o the_o six_o order_n in_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o the_o criminal_a tribunal_n the_o number_n of_o judge_n be_v double_a where_o all_o the_o inferior_a tribunal_n have_v a_o precedent_n and_o twenty_o four_o counsellor_n but_o beside_o these_o graduated_a mandarin_n there_o be_v some_o employ_v who_o be_v under_o no_o degree_n and_o yet_o be_v mandarin_n for_o all_o that_o however_o after_o some_o year_n service_n the_o king_n advance_v they_o to_o the_o nine_o and_o eight_o order_n of_o mandarin_n moreover_o all_o these_o tribunal_n have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o prothonotarys_n register_n clerk_n controller_n merchant_n usher_n porter_n messenger_n attendants_z and_o servant_n jailer_n provost_n sergeant_n bailiff_n beadle_n to_o whip_n and_o punish_v offender_n sweeper_n cook_n to_o dress_v their_o viand_n people_n to_o lay_v the_o cloth_n and_o wait_v at_o table_n and_o all_o at_o the_o king_n charge_n observe_v by_o the_o way_n however_o that_o what_o we_o have_v say_v as_o to_o the_o number_n of_o mandarin_n relate_v only_o to_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o precede_a family_n for_o at_o present_a their_o number_n be_v double_a in_o all_o the_o court_n for_o example_n the_o low_a court_n which_o consist_v of_o no_o more_o than_o twelve_o mandarin_n have_v now_o twenty_o four_o that_o be_v to_o say_v twelve_o tartar_n and_o twelve_o chinese_n these_o be_v the_o six_o tribunal_n that_o govern_v all_o china_n and_o which_o be_v so_o famous_a over_o all_o the_o kingdom_n however_o that_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o shall_v grow_v too_o powerful_a the_o ancient_a king_n that_o
the_o king_n a_o great_a revenue_n and_o if_o the_o general_a visitor_n great_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o their_o spoil_n and_o robbery_n of_o the_o mandarin_n and_o people_n these_o latter_a commit_v much_o great_a robbery_n upon_o the_o farmer_n who_o distribute_v the_o salt_n into_o the_o province_n and_o who_o be_v the_o rich_a man_n in_o china_n as_o be_v common_o worth_a four_o or_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n a_o man._n the_o three_o visitation_n be_v call_v siao_n chai_n or_o the_o petty_a visit_n this_o visitation_n be_v make_v every_o three_o month_n by_o send_v visitor_n frequent_o unknown_a and_o in_o disguise_n sometime_o to_o one_o province_n or_o city_n sometime_o to_o another_o that_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o give_v true_a information_n against_o some_o mandarin_n famous_a for_o his_o tyranny_n and_o extortion_n beside_o these_o visitation_n this_o tribunal_n send_v into_o every_o province_n every_o three_o year_n a_o certain_a visitor_n call_v hio_n yuen_v and_o to_o every_o city_n another_o call_v ti_o trio_n to_o examine_v the_o bachelor_n of_o art_n and_o suppress_v the_o violence_n which_o confide_v in_o their_o privilege_n they_o act_n upon_o the_o people_n these_o have_v power_n to_o apprehend_v to_o condemn_v all_o such_o offender_n to_o the_o whip_n and_o when_o they_o prove_v incorrigible_a they_o degrade_v and_o punish_v they_o with_o a_o extraordinary_a severity_n last_o this_o tribunal_n send_v forth_o whensoever_o it_o be_v think_v requisite_a a_o visitor_n call_v siun_z ho_o to_o survey_v the_o famous_a canal_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v and_o to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o bark_n which_o be_v employ_v therein_o by_o mean_n of_o which_o visitation_n he_o reap_v more_o honour_n and_o profit_n than_o all_o the_o other_o visitor_n which_o this_o visitation_n send_v forth_o the_o judge_n of_o this_o tribunal_n be_v lodge_v in_o a_o vast_a palace_n where_o they_o have_v under_o they_o five_o and_o twenty_o inferior_a tribunal_n divide_v into_o five_o class_n of_o which_o every_o one_o have_v five_o tribunal_n with_o five_o precedent_n and_o many_o assessor_n and_o inferior_a officer_n the_o five_o of_o the_o first_o classis_fw-la be_v call_v uchin_n chayven_v or_o visitor_n of_o the_o five_o qurter_n of_o pe_n kim_n the_o first_o be_v the_o visitor_n of_o the_o south_n wall_n and_o that_o quarter_n of_o the_o city_n next_o adjoin_v the_o second_o visit_n the_o wall_n on_o the_o north_n side_n the_o three_o the_o wall_n on_o the_o east_n the_o four_o the_o wall_n on_o the_o west_n side_n and_o the_o five_o the_o wall_n in_o the_o middle_n the_o authority_n of_o these_o mandarin_n be_v very_o great_a for_o they_o have_v power_n to_o try_v and_o punish_v the_o misdemanour_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o domestic_a servant_n of_o the_o mandarin_n and_o great_a lord_n but_o if_o the_o offender_n deserve_v death_n confiscation_n of_o estate_n or_o banishment_n than_o they_o send_v he_o to_o the_o criminal_a tribunal_n those_o of_o the_o second_o classis_fw-la be_v call_v u_o chin_n pim_n ma_fw-fr su_n or_o grand_a provost_n of_o the_o five_o quarter_n those_o of_o the_o three_o classis_fw-la be_v call_v tamburlaine_n quen_o or_o inferior_a provost_n of_o the_o five_o quarter_n the_o two_o latter_a class_n make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o apprehend_v theives_n and_o robber_n malefactor_n gamester_n vagabond_n and_o the_o like_a and_o to_o detain_v they_o in_o prison_n till_o they_o resign_v they_o to_o the_o superior_a robber_n it_o be_v likewise_o their_o business_n to_o keep_v watch_n and_o ward_n in_o the_o day_n time_n to_o go_v the_o round_n in_o the_o night_n and_o to_o set_v sentinel_n to_o give_v notice_n when_o any_o fire_n happen_v in_o any_o house_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o watch_n be_v also_o subordinate_a to_o these_o two_o class_n for_o to_o every_o ten_o house_n there_o belong_v a_o captain_n call_v pai_n and_o every_o pai_n teu_o have_v another_o captain_n call_v stum_n kia_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o inform_v the_o tribunal_n of_o what_o be_v do_v in_o his_o district_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o good_a custom_n of_o the_o city_n when_o any_o stranger_n come_v to_o town_n or_o of_o any_o other_o novelty_n he_o be_v also_o oblige_v to_o exhort_v the_o several_a private_a family_n by_o sing_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o every_o night_n a_o song_n consist_v of_o five_o verse_n contain_v the_o most_o necessary_a precept_n of_o morality_n in_o these_o word_n hiao_n xum_o fu_fw-mi mu_o tsum_fw-la kim_n cham_n xam_n ho_o mo_z hian_a li_n kiao_n tzu_fw-fr sun._n mon_fw-fr tzo_fw-it vi_fw-it that_o be_v to_o say_v obey_v your_o parent_n reverence_v old_a man_n and_o your_o superior_n live_v together_o in_o unity_n instruct_v your_o child_n and_o do_v no_o act_n of_o injustice_n in_o petty_a town_n where_o there_o be_v no_o mandarin_n the_o care_n of_o this_o duty_n be_v commit_v to_o four_o or_o five_o of_o the_o honest_a old_a man_n call_v lao_n gen_n who_o have_v a_o captain_n call_v hiam_fw-la the_fw-mi or_o ti_fw-mi fam_fw-la this_o person_n also_o sing_v the_o same_o song_n every_o night_n and_o the_o first_o and_o five_o of_o every_o month_n assemble_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o explain_v the_o meaning_n of_o those_o instruction_n by_o simile_n and_o example_n of_o which_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o relate_v some_o few_o to_o let_v the_o reader_n see_v the_o virtuous_a disposition_n wit_n and_o good_a government_n of_o this_o nation_n obey_v your_o parent_n as_o lamb_n obey_v their_o ewe_n as_o they_o teach_v we_o by_o their_o extraordinary_a humility_n in_o kneel_v when_o they_o suck_v and_o submit_v to_o they_o exact_o in_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o nourishment_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o they_o reverence_n the_o age_a and_o your_o superior_n in_o imitation_n of_o wild_a goose_n who_o by_o the_o order_n which_o they_o observe_v in_o their_o flight_n show_v plain_o the_o respect_n which_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o seniority_n live_v together_o in_o peace_n in_o imitation_n of_o that_o love_n and_o unity_n which_o be_v observe_v among_o deer_n for_o when_o any_o one_o of_o they_o have_v meet_v with_o a_o good_a piece_n of_o pasturage_n he_o will_v not_o feed_v by_o himself_o till_o he_o have_v call_v together_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o herd_n to_o take_v their_o share_n instruct_v your_o child_n like_o that_o ancient_a matron_n call_v tuen_o ki_v who_o be_v a_o widow_n every_o day_n whip_v the_o only_a son_n that_o she_o have_v till_o she_o dispossess_v he_o of_o all_o his_o evil_a inclination_n so_o that_o at_o length_n be_v renown_v for_o his_o knowledge_n and_o his_o virtue_n he_o come_v to_o be_v chuam_fw-la yuen_v or_o chief_a of_o the_o doctor_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o afterward_o for_o his_o virtue_n and_o heroic_a action_n be_v advance_v to_o be_v co_n lao_n or_o chief_a minister_n of_o state_n to_o the_o emperor_n commit_v no_o act_n of_o injustice_n like_o that_o same_o wicked_a and_o disobedient_a heu_n ci_fw-fr who_o out_o of_o his_o extraordinary_a ingratitude_n design_v to_o kill_v his_o father_n in_o law_n that_o reprove_v he_o for_o his_o misdemeanour_n kill_v his_o own_o mother_n unexpected_o who_o indulgence_n have_v be_v the_o perdition_n of_o her_o son_n by_o supply_v he_o with_o money_n which_o he_o spend_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o debauchery_n and_o by_o conceal_v the_o early_a lewdness_n of_o his_o life_n but_o heaven_n to_o make_v he_o a_o example_n to_o all_o as_o wicked_a as_o himself_o and_o to_o deter_v other_o crush_v he_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o cleave_v he_o in_o sunder_o with_o a_o thunderbolt_n the_o tribunal_n call_v in_o hio_n be_v a_o mix_a tribunal_n which_o take_v care_n of_o bachelor_n of_o art_n and_o military_a probationer_n two_o precedent_n belong_v to_o it_o of_o which_o the_o one_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o the_o first_o the_o other_o of_o the_o latter_a these_o exercise_n themselves_o in_o make_v discourse_n upon_o the_o mean_n of_o preserve_v the_o estate_n and_o govern_v the_o people_n the_o other_o discourse_n of_o warlike_a discipline_n when_o to_o give_v battle_n how_o to_o attack_v and_o defend_v fortify_v place_n and_o other_o matter_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n the_o mandarin_n of_o this_o tribunal_n who_o be_v disperse_v over_o all_o the_o province_n and_o city_n give_v they_o frequent_a occasion_n to_o exercise_v their_o wit_n upon_o these_o subject_n and_o those_o mandarin_n be_v respect_v by_o those_o bachelor_n and_o probationer_n rather_o as_o professor_n than_o magistrate_n the_o two_o precedent_n which_o reside_v at_o court_n be_v doctor_n both_o the_o one_o of_o civil_a learning_n the_o other_o in_o military_a discipline_n the_o other_o officer_n be_v such_o out_o of_o who_o number_n the_o king_n make_v mandarin_n out_o of_o his_o mere_a grace_n and_o favour_n or_o by_o
jurisdiction_n he_o take_v care_n to_o solicit_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o town_n and_o city_n to_o make_v quick_a payment_n of_o their_o duty_n to_o the_o king_n there_o be_v some_o also_o that_o take_v no_o less_o care_n of_o the_o river_n and_o sea_n coast_n in_o their_o quarter_n they_o that_o look_v after_o the_o river_n be_v call_v honorio_n tao_o and_o the_o surveyor_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n hâ—…_n tao_o all_o these_o mandarin_n belong_v to_o the_o tribunal_n of_o inspecter_n or_o overseer_n call_v co_n tao_o of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v all_o the_o city_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n whether_o capital_a or_o no_o have_v a_o tribunal_n where_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n or_o territory_n preside_v who_o be_v a_o mandarin_n of_o the_o four_o order_n and_o be_v call_v chi_fw-mi fu_fw-mi he_o have_v three_o assessor_n the_o first_o call_v tum_o chi_fw-mi the_o second_o tum_o puâ—…n_n and_o the_o three_o chui_fw-fr quen_n who_o be_v of_o the_o six_o and_o seven_o order_n they_o be_v also_o call_v second_o three_o and_o four_o lord_n of_o the_o second_o three_o or_o four_o chair_n or_o of_o the_o second_o three_o or_o four_o city_n in_o regard_n the_o precedent_n be_v call_v the_o first_o lord_n the_o first_o chair_n and_o the_o first_o city_n there_o be_v four_o other_o inferior_a mandarin_n call_v kim_n lie_v chu_o sum_o chaos_n mo_z and_o kim_n kâ—…ao_o which_o be_v only_o of_o the_o seven_o eight_o or_o nine_o order_n the_o employment_n of_o this_o tribunal_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o governor_n of_o pe_n kim_n all_o the_o city_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v provide_v with_o such_o mandarin_n as_o these_o but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a trade_n or_o that_o the_o territory_n be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n than_o the_o number_n of_o these_o mandarin_n be_v double_v the_o city_n of_o the_o second_o rank_n call_v cheu_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n those_o of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o capital_n only_o as_o the_o city_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n and_o have_v city_n which_o depend_v upon_o they_o those_o of_o the_o second_o sort_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o city_n of_o the_o first_o order_n whether_o they_o have_v city_n depend_v upon_o they_o or_o no._n the_o precedent_n of_o these_o city_n be_v call_v chi_fw-mi cheu_o he_o be_v of_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o the_o five_o order_n and_o have_v two_o assessor_n of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v call_v cheu_n â—…um_fw-la and_o the_o second_o cheu_n poon_n who_o be_v of_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o the_o six_o and_o second_o order_n he_o have_v under_o he_o also_o a_o three_o mandarin_n call_v lâ—…_n mo_z of_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o the_o nine_o order_n the_o people_n call_v this_o governor_n tai_n you_o or_o the_o great_a or_o first_o lord_n the_o other_o three_o the_o second_o three_o or_o four_o lord_n their_o employment_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n all_o the_o other_o city_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v a_o tribunal_n of_o which_o the_o precedent_n be_v call_v chi_fw-mi hien_fw-fr and_o be_v of_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o the_o seven_o order_n he_o have_v also_o two_o assessor_n of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v call_v hien_n chim_z of_o the_o eight_o order_n and_o the_o second_o who_o be_v of_o the_o nine_o be_v call_v chu_n pu_fw-fr he_o have_v also_o a_o three_o under_o he_o who_o be_v call_v tien_n sum_o who_o be_v of_o no_o order_n but_o if_o he_o acquit_v himself_o well_o of_o his_o employment_n for_o three_o year_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n give_v he_o a_o certificate_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o superior_a city_n and_o the_o governor_n of_o that_o city_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o capital_a the_o last_o governor_n certify_v to_o the_o two_o grand_a tribunal_n of_o the_o capital_a city_n and_o they_o to_o the_o viceroy_n the_o viceroy_n write_v to_o the_o grand_a tribunal_n of_o the_o mandarin_n and_o they_o to_o the_o counsellor_n of_o state_n who_o inform_v the_o king_n and_o by_o he_o general_o he_o be_v make_v a_o mandarin_n of_o the_o eight_o or_o nine_o order_n this_o be_v the_o road_n which_o the_o mandarin_n observe_v for_o their_o promotion_n to_o new_a dignity_n but_o this_o good_a fortune_n never_o befall_v they_o if_o they_o do_v not_o purchase_v it_o by_o present_n proportionable_a to_o what_o they_o may_v squeeze_v out_o of_o their_o employment_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o trade_n be_v drive_v as_o open_o as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o establish_a law_n among_o they_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o justice_n and_o employment_n be_v sell_v as_o at_o a_o outry_n all_o over_o the_o empire_n but_o more_o especial_o at_o court_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o body_n but_o the_o king_n who_o can_v be_v proper_o say_v to_o mind_v the_o public_a good_a all_o the_o rest_n regard_v nothing_o but_o their_o private_a interest_n and_o of_o this_o manner_n of_o proceed_v i_o will_v bring_v you_o one_o example_n of_o which_o i_o myself_o be_v a_o eye_n witness_n there_o be_v a_o young_a gentleman_n who_o name_n be_v simon_n a_o very_a good_a christian_n who_o be_v a_o mandarin_n of_o a_o city_n of_o the_o second_o rank_n by_o a_o particular_a favour_n which_o the_o emperor_n show_v he_o in_o regard_n his_o father_n viceroy_n of_o the_o province_n of_o â—…n_n si_fw-la be_v slay_v fight_v against_o a_o army_n of_o robber_n that_o have_v raise_v a_o rebellion_n in_o the_o province_n the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o employment_n be_v expire_v he_o be_v advance_v to_o be_v mandarin_n of_o a_o city_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n and_o after_o the_o expiration_n of_o that_o employment_n he_o repair_v to_o court_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n in_o hope_n to_o be_v prefer_v to_o another_o city_n yet_o more_o considerable_a for_o the_o recompense_n of_o his_o service_n due_o perform_v the_o king_n refer_v his_o petition_n to_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d present_o letter_n be_v send_v he_o from_o that_o tribunal_n to_o leâ—…_n he_o know_v that_o if_o he_o will_v deposit_v in_o a_o three_o hand_n fourteen_o vâ—…n_n of_o silver_n which_o amount_v to_o about_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n they_o will_v give_v he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n of_o â—…un_n â—…m_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xan_n si_fw-la which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a people_v the_o most_o remarkable_a for_o trade_n and_o the_o rich_a city_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n to_o which_o this_o virtuous_a christian_a return_v for_o answer_n that_o if_o he_o have_v such_o a_o sum_n by_o he_o nay_o though_o it_o be_v far_o less_o he_o will_v never_o go_v about_o to_o move_v for_o any_o more_o employment_n in_o regard_n a_o small_a sum_n than_o that_o will_v suffice_v he_o to_o live_v at_o his_o ease_n nor_o do_v he_o think_v it_o convenient_a to_o take_v up_o so_o large_a a_o sum_n at_o great_a interest_n as_o other_o do_v by_o which_o they_o be_v force_v for_o satisfaction_n of_o their_o creditor_n and_o to_o glut_v their_o insatiate_a avarice_n to_o turn_v real_a tyrant_n and_o greedy_a wolf_n that_o devour_v the_o city_n and_o oppress_v the_o miserable_a people_n wherever_o they_o come_v which_o they_o be_v otherwise_o bind_v to_o protect_v and_o defend_v so_o that_o they_o may_v dispose_v of_o that_o employment_n to_o he_o that_o be_v able_a to_o purchase_v it_o but_o that_o for_o his_o part_n he_o will_v be_v content_v with_o what_o sell_v to_o his_o â—…t_n now_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n to_o write_v as_o many_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o there_o be_v mandarin_n that_o stand_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d upon_o little_a thin_a board_n which_o be_v throw_v into_o a_o vessel_n and_o every_o one_o be_v governor_n of_o that_o city_n of_o which_o he_o draw_v the_o name_n nevertheless_o when_o a_o man_n have_v agree_v with_o the_o tribunal_n the_o tablet_n be_v so_o order_v that_o the_o person_n draw_v the_o city_n which_o he_o desire_v however_o this_o artifice_n fail_v a_o mandarin_n in_o the_o year_n 1669_o who_o have_v give_v a_o good_a sum_n to_o a_o prothonotary_n who_o have_v promise_v he_o the_o ready_a draught_n of_o a_o city_n of_o great_a trade_n and_o not_o far_o distant_a for_o he_o draw_v a_o miserable_a city_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quei_z cheu_o the_o most_o remote_a and_o the_o poor_a in_o the_o whole_a empire_n thereupon_o the_o wretched_a and_o unfortunate_a mandarin_n quite_o out_o of_o his_o wit_n at_o his_o ill_a success_n without_o any_o respect_n to_o the_o tribunal_n or_o the_o presence_n of_o above_o three_o hundred_o mandarin_n rise_v up_o all_o in_o a_o rage_n for_o they_o draw_v upon_o their_o knee_n cry_v out_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n he_o be_v undo_v and_o throw_v off_o