Crosse iust about the end of the Sermon and there to declare to the Aldermen and people the reasons of his comming and demand of them aide against his aduersaries If so be the Citizens were backward in the matter then they would goe on further presently but if they were willing to helpe then with them to inuade the Court presently and make way for him to the Queene So all that night there was nothing but running vp and downe from Essex house and crying that the Lord Cobham and Rawleigh laid waite for the Earle of Essex life Hereupon on Sunday which was the eight day of February early in the morning comes the Earles of Rutland and Southampton the Lord Sands Parker Lord Montaquile and almost three hundred more of the better sort These the Earle courteously entertained and intimated to some that there was waite laid for his life that therefore he had resolued to get vnto the Queene and tell of his dangers to her by reason she neuer heares of it from his aduersaries who abusing her sacred eares with calumnies and false informations haue engrossed them only to their stories beliefe To others he signified that the Citie stood for him and that therefore hee would betake himselfe to them and by their assistances reâ—enge the enemies iniuries All this while the gâ—tes 〈…〉 vp and no man let in but he that was well kâ—ownâ— â—nd no man let out that was once let in â—et Sir Ferdinando Gorge had leaue and licence to goe to Sir Walter Rawleigh that expected him on the water and sent thither for him Blunt indeed perswaded them there to surprize Sir Walter Rawleigh but they did iâ— not Now indeed there were some that reported that Gorge made there a discouery of all the matter to Rawleigh but that is vncertaine yet certaine it is that Rawleigh admonished him to take heed that his absence from his Office at Plimmouth without leaue cost him not imprisonment and that Gorge againe admonished Rawleigh that he should haue a care to himselfe seeing that many of the Nobility had conspired against him and some more that abused the Queenes authority At this very time the Queene commanded the Lord Maior of London to see that all the Citizens were ready at their doores at her command in an instant and to the Earle of Essex she sent the Lord Keeper the Earle of Worcester William Knolles Controwier of the Queenes Houshold Vncle to the Earle and Popham Lord chiefe Iustice of England to know of him the reason of such a concourse They were all let in at a wicket and their seruants shut out onely except him that carried the Seale before the Keeper In the yard there they found a confused multitude of people and in the midst of those the Earles of Essex Rutland and South-hampton and many more that presently flockt about the Councell The Lord Keeper turning himselfe to the Earle of Essex signified to him that he and the rest of the Lords with him were sent newly from the Queene to know of him the cause of this concourse who promised that if any iniury had beene done vnto him he should haue Law and Equity for it The Earle of Essex answered him alowed in this manner VVAit is laid for my life there were some hired that should murther mee in my bed I am traiterously dealt with and my Letters were counterfeited both with hand and Seale Wherefore we haue met here together to defend our selues and preserue our liues since neither my patience nor misery will appease the malice of my aduersaries except they drinke my bloud also Popham spake to him to the same purpose that the Lord Keeper had said already before promising that if so be he would particularly tell what was vndertaken or intended against him that hee would truely and honestly tell the Queene and he should be lawfully heard The Lord Keeper being very vrgent with them that if so be they would not tell their grieuances publikely they would retire in and tell them the multitude interrupting him cryes out LEt vs bee gone come they abuse your patience they betray you my Lord the time hastens come Hereupon the Lord Keeper turning about to them charged them all on the Queenes name to lay downe their weapons Then the Earle of Essex goes into the house the Lord Keeper following him and the rest of his company that there they might priuately talke about the matter In the meane time these harsh â—ounds fly about their cares KIll them kill them away with the great Seale shut them vp fast enough After they had come into the middest of the house Essex commanding the dores to be bolted sayes vnto them BE patient but a little my Lords I must needs 〈◊〉 into the Citie to take order with the Lord Mayor and the Sheriffes and I will returne instantly The Lords of the Councell being shut vp there were kept by Iohn Dauis Francis Tresham and Owen Salisbury an old bold Souldier and some Gun-men And Essex hauing almost forgot his resolution by reason of their comming committing his house to Gill Mericke issues forth with some two hundred with him who were not in battell array or any military order but onely running for the most part with their Cloaks wrapt about their armes Swords amongst whom were the Earle of Bedford the Lord Cromwell and some other Nobles Hauing come into London he cries out euery minute FOr the Queene for the Queene there is wait laid for my life And so going through Cheape-side he made all haste to Smith's house the Sheriffe by Fenchurch street And euer where he saw Citizens without weapons he requested them to arme themselues or else they could doe him no good Yet for all this in so well trayned a Citie full of souldiers most popular and most addicted to him there was not one no not of the basest people that tooke Armes for him in his defence At length he got to the Sheriffes house almost at the further end of the Citie so fretting and chaâ—ing in his minde and so sweating although the weather was not then so hot that there he was faine to change his shirt The Sheriffe Smith in whom his too easie credulity had reposed such great confidencie presently withdrew himselfe out at a Posterne gate to the Lord Mayors and in the meane time the Lord Burghley Dethicke Garter King at Armes entring into the Citie proclaime Essex and all his complices Traitours although indeed some withstood it and offered violence The Earle of Cumberland Sir Thomas Gerard Marshall did the like in other parts of the Citie When the Earle of Essex perceiued that hee rushes out of the Sheriffes house and his countenance much changing often hee cryed out that England was to be diuided for the Infanta of Spaine exhorting the Citizens to take armes but all in vaine for the Citizens wealth if nothing else would keepe them loyall But when the Earle saw that not
indeed was the more willing to condiscend to these couenants by reason shee had heard that the Spaniard had admission into Paris the greatest city in France and that the Parisians vouchsafed their lawfull King no other title but the King of Bearne acknowledging the Spaniard as their Lord and King who hereupon conceiued no small hope of reducing France vnder his gouernment which conceit he not at all dissembled before Ianine the Leaguers Embassadour then in Spaine Likewise because she vnderstood that Pope Gregory the thirteenth of that name had leuied many forces in Italy and Switzerland vnder the Duke Monâ—martin against the King of France whom hee had already by his Bull excommunicated which Bull notwithstanding the Parliament at Paris and the other at Tours condemned and causing it to be hung vpon a Gibbet by the Hangman set fire to it Hereupon came forth a strict Proclamation in England that no man vpon paine of treason into any parts or places belonging either to the Spaniard or Leaguers should transport corne munition or any kind of traffique And the same also was before set forth by the King of Scots About which time Sir Henry Palmer being sent forth with some few men of warre surprized thirteene of â—heir Ships at their returne from Noua Francia And Sir Roger Williams with some six hundred souldiers passed ouer to Diepe where the enemy lay roauing about hauing expresse Commission to recide in those quarters and Sir Iohn Norris presently after shipt ouer with the rest of the Souldiers into Britaine vnder whom were Sir Henry his brother and Sir Anthony Sherley worthy Commanders These hauing ioyned forces with the Kings and in vaine hauing assaulted Lamballe where that famous Warriour Fr. La-Noue died of a wound tooke Castiliâ—n the vttermost of their glory in it being stretcht to a keeping vnder of the Spaniard and Leaguers not a remouing of them Sir Roger Williams with his forces and Chattre the Gouernour of Diepe hauing broken thorow the inclosures barricadoed with wine vessels at Cinquensanoe scattered all the Leaguers that infested the passage by â—remble-Court and Lounde and vanquished them being rewarded for his valour by a commendatory letter ' from the King to the Queene This remembrance of his commendations wrought him into such a forgetfulnesse of his Commission that he left Diepe accompanied the King to the suburbs of Paris and sent a Challenge to the Spaniards to hazard with him two hundred Pikes and a hundred Musketiers against so many English which being not performed he returned againe to Diepe but scarce had he bin come to it but the King sending speedily for him he posts with his Army presently to Noyon hauing no such warrant in his Commission where being too prodigall of others blood hee exposed many English to great danger in the assault the Queene not knowing of it and thâ—refore being the more angry At that time the French King sent Anthony Reaux to certifie the Queene that hee had resolued to bring Roan and New-Hauen vnder his subiection before the Duke of Parma should set foot into France too farre and to that effect hee craued of her foure thousand English to be sent ouer into Normandy intreating her to giue them pay for two months promising that if they continued a longer time hee would pay them and presently vpon their ariuall come and ioyne his forces with them But that in the meane time he would continue still at Picardy least otherwise those of Roan should haue some inkling of his resolution The Queene who desired nothing more than the remouall of the Enemy from the Sea coasts willingly condiscended so that the couenants were agreed vpon in the same fashion as before onely with this clause that they should bee confirmed and authorized by Act of Parliament within few daies after The number being compleat arriued at Diepe vnder the command of Robert Earle of Essex a worthy young man and in great fauour with the Queene Many Noblemen of note accompanied him amongst whom Thomas Leighton and Henry Killegrew were appointed to be of his counsell The Earle at his ariuall here in France vnderstood that the King was at Noyon hee saw not so much as any preparation for warre neither could any man instruct him what to doe with his forces insomuch that he greatly wondred at the King that hee should so sleightly esteeme of his promise After some small continuance there Sir Roger Williams posteth vnto him intreating him in the name of the King to make all possible speed to Noyon there to conferre about the manner of the war thither when the Earle came the King declared vnto him that of necessity hee must dispatch into Champagne to ioyne forces with the Germanes promising to send to him Marshall Byron and the Duke Montpeâ—sier to besiege Roan Hereupon the Earle returned to his owne forces who had now encamped at Arques where to win the hearts of warlike men hee knighted many thinking to adde courage by this addition of Honour but not without the enuy and anger of many that enioyed that title at home who tooke it ill to see him lauishly prostitute that title of so great credit with the English which the Queene was so thriâ—ty in bestowing euen vpon deseruing men Byron and Montpensier after so long expectation as yet appeare not the one being gone into Champagne to the mariage of the Vicount Turene with the daughter of the Duke of Balloigne and the other hauing turned out of his way to the vnnecessary besieging of Pierre-pont Castle The Queene hauing beene very vrgent by her Leagier Sir Henry Vmpton with the King for the siege of Roan caâ—sed him to send Reaux ouer into England to certifie her the reasons why hee prolonged the siege Shee was likewise very earnest with him for the ratifying of his late Couenants by Act of Parliament but being a long time delayed was at last forced to a content with his bare Confirmation of them All this while lay the Earle of Essex idle although not without discontent of minde who afterwards to satisfie his thirsty minde with some difficult exploit approached Roan where hee lost Sir Walter his brother who was shot through with a bullet the Queene indeed checkt him both for his voyage to the King without her knowledge and for his inconâ—iderate approaching Roâ—â— but hee quickly made his peace with her by a smooth Letter and in the meane time behau'd himselfe brauely in the assault and taking of Goâ—rnay with the Marshall Byrâ—n About which time also the French King sent ouer Beauoir with Letters to the Queene to desire her to let the Earle of Essex passe into Champaigne with his forces as if he had not so much as thought of the besieging of Roan which the Queene tooke so ill at his hands that she began to expostulate with him concerning it obiecting also that now twâ— moneths were expired since the couenant
but yet he saw that the Queenes command could not keepe Southampton from iniurie by reason that Grey durst assault him publikely with his sword and that there he prouided some safeguard for himselfe from his friends and Clients to withstand the violent fury of his enemies And that there was such violence offered and intended against him would appeare if but from that that Gorge was admonished by Rawleigh that assoone as hee could he should separate himselfe from him as a ship that was now sincking Then he complained that some Papists were accusers of him onely being hired thereto as also that they had counterfeited his hand-writing which indeed was done by an Impostor a cheater to get money as we shall shew So that hereupon Gorges testimony was brought in who had confessed that the Earle had determined to inuade the Court and to call a Parliament trusting to the helpes of the Londoners c. And then Gorge himselfe was sent for out of prison hard by to witnesse this before his face The Earle assoone as he saw him supposing that either out of hope or â—eare he had betrayed all by reason his was the first testimony that was brought and also because he came as a witnesse of his owne accord very passionately traduces him esteeming his testimony of no truth by reason of his variable countenance which was by and by pale and then red Then was obiected their meetings and consultations in Drury house about the seizing of the Tower or the Court. To which Southampton in a very milde speech protesting his true heart to the Queene made answere that such as those things were indeed there proposed but not determined but onely referred to the Earle of Essex Neither was that which was consulted put into practise but another to wit his going out into London which was to no other end then to get thereby secure accesse vnto the Queene and complaine freely to her of his iniuries That all the day long he drew not his sword neither that he heard of any Proclamation whereby he was proclaimed Traitour That as much as he could he hindered the shooting out of Essex house Wherefore he requested that they iudge of the matter not according to the rigour and letter of the Law but equity And being demanded if he thought not that to seize vpon the Court and to bring the Queene vnder their power was not Treason Hee answered him asking him what hee thought in his conscience they would haue done against the Queene The very same answered the Recorder that Henry Duke of Lancaster did to Richard the second who humbly came into the Kingdome vnder pretence of remoouing away from the King some naughty Councellours but hauing brought the King himselfe vnder his power he took from him his Crowne and shortly after his life The Iudges after this were demanded by the Peeres whether or no that consultation in Drury house were Treason by reason it came not to effect They all said it was and the rebellion in the Citie to be a prosecution of that their consultation for that if so be they could haue got aide enough at London amongst the Citizens they would haue inuaded the Court. Then it being asked whether Essex were the Author and occasioner of these meetings that was proued by many testimonies by the contents of their meeting written with his owne hand and by his casting of some papers into the fire for babling as he said The Earle assoone as he heard these things which he hoped had beene concealed hope said hee of getting their liues or escaping from punishment hath wrought these testimonies out from some and indeed let them enioy their liues as long as they can or will Death is more desired to me then life onely the violence of Cobham Cecill and Rawleigh droue mee to a necessary defence of my selfe which was all howsoeuer the Lawyers interprete my going out into the City my own conscience being cleare from any treachery is my greatest comfort Cobham rising vp protested that he neuer did Essex any malicious office but onely alwayes disallowed of his ambion Essex answered but I with all my heart euen with the losse of my right hand would haue remooued such a calumniator and tale-teller from the Queene Sir Francis Bacon politely and like an Oratour endeauouring to take away that colour from their rebellion which they drew from the enmity that was betweene them affirmed that both Cabham Cecill and Rawleigh were so truely honest and of so good estates that they would neuer hazard both of them in the attempt of any such wicked act Then he shewes that those fictions of waite laid for his 〈◊〉 were false by reason of the variety of them sometimes in that he would cry out he should be murthered in his bed then in the Boat and lastly by the Iesuites Then he accused him of great vanity for crying out in London that the Kingdome of England was put to sale to the Spaniard and to be diuided for the Infanta adding that it was an ordinary matter with Traitours not indeed directly to rise against their Prince but onely obliquely and through the sides of some of the Peeres Then he checkes him for his deepe dissimulation in that he had put on such a Vizard of godlinesse comparing him to the Athenian Pisistratus that would teare his owne body that hee might shew it to the people as if it had beene rent and torne by his enemies and so hauing got aide of them oppressed the whole Common-wealth Essex interrupting him in his proceedings remember how that but lately he himselfe had very efficaciously and pithily written Letters for him to the Queene against these his aduersaries adding besides that he vnderstood that Secretary Cecil had said to one of the Priuy councell that the right of the Infanta to the Realme of England was as good and iust as any of the rest of the Competitors Scarce had he said these words but Cecill that had stood hidden in a little Closet to heare all the proceedings straight way comes forth and falling downe on his knees beseecheth the L. High Steward that he would giue him leaue and licence to answere for himselfe to such a calumny so foule and false Leaue being granted he speakes to Essex in this manner IN wit indeed I giue you place wherein you are very excellent In your Nobility I giue you place for I am not reckoned amongst my Predecessours that were Nobles although I my selfe am In your military affaires I giue you place I am no Souldier But yet for all this my innocence shall protect me in this place am I free where you are guilty Wherefore I challenge you if you dare to tell who was the Priuie Councellour to whom I said these words Essex refused it Therefore sayes Cecill it is but a fained tale Essex denied that Wherefore Cecill turning to South-hampton entreates him by all their acquaintance euen
vnexpected returne into England with some few followers ibid. He comes and kneeles before the Queene at None-such 245 He is committed to custody in the Lord Keepers house 246 He endeauoures to remooue the suspition of ill that was conceiued of him by reason of his sodaine returne ibid. When some would haue freed him by force out of custody hee would not agree to it 247 The Truce broken in Ireland by Tir-Oen in the Earles absence ibid. The proud answere and the reason thereof ibid. Tir-Oen behaues himselfe very proudly 248 The feather of a Phoenix sent him from the Pope ibid. The Lord Keeper of the Seale laies open the cause of the Earle of Essex in the Starre-Chamber to appease the people and the Lord Treasurer and the Lord Admirall and Secretary Cecill 249 The Earle of Essex wholly deuoted to prayer and godly meditation 251 A peace betweene Spaine and England proposed ibid. The Spanish Gallies arriue at Flanders 252 Charles King of Swethland sends ouer to excuse himselfe to the Queene of England ibid. The death of Richard Hooker 253 Anno M.DC. TItles to Crowne-Land confirmed by the Queene 154 A Proclamation that no gold or siluer should be carried out of the Kingdome 255 Tir-Oen conferreth honours vpon his followers ibid. Mac-Guir and Warrham Saint Leger are slaine ibid. Charles Blunt Lord Montioy made Deputy of Ireland who arriued there in the very midest of winter ibid. The Pope of Rome encourageth the Rebells of Ireland with his iudulgence and generall pardon 256 The forme and manner of it ibid. The Rebells sound an Alarme in the very suburbs of Dublin The Deputy neglects them and onely sets forward after Tir-Oen 257 But Tir-Oen preuents him ibid. The Deputy sends a Garrison to Vlster 257 The Citie of Derry is fortified and Tir-Oen repulsed 258 Ony-Mac-Mory-Og the chiefe of the Family of O-More is slaine ibid. The Lord Deputy sets forwards againe towards Vlster 259 He breaketh through many difficulties ibid. Mont-Norris Fort erected ibid. Henry Docwray chaseth the Rebels ibid. The Lord Deputy Montioy restraineth the furie of the Rebels in the Prouince of Leinster 260 After that he returnes againe to Vlster ibid. The exploits of Sir George Carew President of Vlster and what he did in that Prouince 261 A new proposall of a peace with Spaine againe ibid. Vpon what hopes this peace was propounded 262 Bononia or Bolonia the place appointed for the Treaty 263 Obseruations about the precedency of the kingdomes of Spaine England and France ibid. Peeres designed for the Queenes part 264 The instructions of the English for the Queenes honour ibid. Exceptions taken on both sides concerning some tearmes in the Commissions of the Delegates 265 The title of Most Illustrious canuased ibid. The English challenge for the Queene the first place 274 The Spaniards will not yeeld them place equall with them ibid. New instructions to the English from the Queene 275 The complaint of the Archduke about the Queenes succouring the Hollanders in the time of Truce answered 276 By reason of Priority or Equality denied to the Queene the Treaty breakes off very abruptly after it had continued three moneths 277 The battle at Newport with the rest of the proceedings there 278 Sir Francis Vere wounded in the leg and the thigh and his Horse slaine vnder him 280 They that were taken of the enemy they that were wounded and the Englishmens names that best deserued in the battle 281 Contentions betwixt the English French about prizes ibid. The matter of agreement betweene both parties 282 Contentions betweene the English and the Danes concerning Traffique and Fishing 283 The English complaine of the exactiâ—n of tribute for passing the Sound the Danish Delegates depart for want of victuals 285 Two Breefes sent priuately by the Pope against the K. of Scots nexâ— Heire to the Crowne of England ibid. The treason intended by the Ruthwens the Brothers of Earle Gowry 286 Great complaint in England for the scarsity of Corne. ibid. The Earle of Essex commanded to keepe his house 287 He appeares before the Lords Commissioners ibid. The Earle makes answere for himselfe 288 The L. Keeper interrupts the Earle in his answere 289 Great hopes of the Earles liberty collected from the Queenes naturall inclination to mercy 290 As also from the noblenesse vertuous disposition of the heart of Essex himselfe ibid. Considerations in what course of life the Earle was best to imploy himselfe 292 Great humblenesse of minde in the Earle of Essex 293 The Earles message to the Queene full of humility ibid. The Queenes answere in words she would often vse 294 Cuâ—â—e gets accesse to the Earle of Essex ibid. But the Earle is yet deafe to his bad counsell ibid. The Queen will not yeeld to Essex's petition 295 Whereat the Earle grew much discontented ibid. And now begins to hearken to ill counsell ibid. He keepes open entertainment for all commers 296 The death of Roger Lord North. ibid. Anno M.DC.I. EMbassadours sent from Maâ—ritania and Russia Pag. 297 Diuers Princes resort to visite the Quâ—â—ne ibid. The Earle of Essex quite deafe to any good aduice 298 He is mâ—re and more enraged but especially for the Earle of Southamptons beiâ—g assaâ—lâ—ed by the Lord Grey in the open street 299 He eâ—deauoureth to draw the King of Scots to his party ibid. The Earle of Southampton Sir Charles Dauers Sir Ferdinando Gorge Sir Iohn Dauis and Iohn Littleton made priuy to the Earle of Essex secret plots and purpâ—ses 300 Their meeting in Drewry house the things proposed there the conclâ—siâ—n of surprizing the Court. 301 Whereupon suspition is daily encreased of the Earles loyalty ibid. And the Earlâ— him â—elfe sent for to the Lord Treasurers 302 Bâ—t he excusâ—â—h himselfe by reason of ill health and went not ibid. He beginneth to conceiue new plots ibid. A great multitude of people assemble about Essex house 303 Some Lords of the Coâ—ncell sent to know the reason 304 The Earle of Essex his complaint to them ibid. The open clamors of the multitude to kill the Councellours 305 The Lords are lockt vp in Essex house ibid. The Earle himselfe entreth London to the Sheriffes-â—â—use 306 He is presently proclaimed Traitor ibid. He thinkes which way to returne home againe 307 Sir Ferdinando Gorge sets the Lords of the priuy Councell free ibid. A conflict neere the Bishop of Londons Palace ibid. The Earle takes bâ—at at Queene-hith and fâ—rtifies his house 308 The Earle of Essex commanded to yeeld will not but vpon some conditions ibid. The Admirall will giue none ibid. Tbe Earle determineth to issue forth vpon them ibid. But vpon better aduice begins to thinke of yeelding 309 They all yeeld themselues vp to my Lord Admirall ibid. The Earles of Essex and Southampton imprisoned ibid. The care of the Citizens highly commended by the Queene in a Proclamation 310 Thomas Lee taken and executed at Tiburne ibid. A Proclamation against 〈◊〉 and Râ—n-awaies 311 The plots of the Conspirators are
to the holy and indiuiduall Trinity in the place where was before the Monastery of All-Saints shee enricht the same with the priuiledges of teaching and conferring and bestowing degrees the titles and honour of learning which priuiledges the Bishop of Rome had granted to that City in 1320. thereby hoping to propagate both humanity and religion throughout the whole Iland and to ease well giuen Parents of the great cost and charges of sending their children into forraine Vniuersities At the same time Hugh Odonell whom Sir Iohn Perot Lord Deputy hauing by a trick inticed into a Ship had committed to prison in Dublin for feare lest that being of a turbulent spirit hee should cause some vproares now escaped out of prison againe and by letters to the Lord Deputy now certified him that his father had resigned vnto him the authority of O-dâ—nell that is rule of Tir-Câ—nelâ— whereupon he began a fresh to mutinie in Ireland as Bothwell did in Scotland concerning whom although willingly I would not weaâ—e my selfe into a mixture of the affaires of Scotland yet somewhat must bee spoken especially since they are both so riueted together that the one yeelds light to the others vnderstanding which otherwise would bee clouded in much obscurity Bothwell tâ—erefore whâ— had beeâ—e accused of trading in witchcraft 〈◊〉 had latelâ—â—scaped 〈◊〉 of prison â—eing most outragiously incensed against Metellane the Chancellour whom he suspected the greatest engineer of his accusations altogether applieth himselfe to the bringing vnder of both him and the King himselfe to his power and to that intent towards the end of December he breaketh in vpon the Court which was at Edenborough with some more of his accomplices and English borderers and there assaulted the Queens Chamber with a mallet and the Kings and Chancellors both with fire But his plot being frustrated in successe by the nimble obedience of the Citizens that came in against him hee suffered a repulse and was glad to flie some of his attendants and Pages were thereupon hanged and the Mallet also vpon the Queenes Chamber dooâ—e in remembrance of so bold a villanie THE FIVE and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1592. AT the very entrance in of the next yeere the King by Proclamation declared that Bothwell was the author of this dangerous and ignominious enterprize that he was a fellow so moulded and soadred together with all vices that hauing giuen defiance to vertâ—â— and godlinesse hee durst insult ouer God himselfe much more vpon the authority ordained by God Declaring also how that after his returne from Italy he had associated himselfe with all manner of companies although hee had nothing to doe with them that very villainously he had slaine Dauid Humes â—hicâ— offâ—nce 〈◊〉 his mercy had condoned and pardoned him that he eschewed by all meanes possible to come to tryall for any of his â—normious oâ—â—rages because a Wizard in Italy had foretold him that his destruction would come from the iust iudgement of the King Adding how that this iealous feare of triall greatly increased in him at that time when hee outragiously had slaine William Stewart of Vchiltre the Kings seruant and how that thereupon with all his 〈◊〉 and might with â—is â—loody villaines and compâ—ices 〈…〉 and Spaniard the destruction of both Realmes Then how hee had ranked himselfe to theâ—â— side who aâ— the Riuer 〈◊〉 at the Bridge there 〈…〉 the Court out of some priuate discoâ—ten◠〈…〉 downe their â—rmes He still marched and 〈…〉 his Campe against Edenborough where hee surprized some and from whence he retreated not till such time as he heard the King was in a readinesse 〈◊〉 him Then was declared how after that hee had betooke â—â—â—selfe to diuellish Arts to 〈◊〉 and Witchcraft to 〈◊〉 away the life of his King when he was absent in Denmarke which was onely out of hope of auoiding his desert of punishment and obtaining 〈◊〉 authority 〈…〉 so much feared to wit the Crowne That hereupon 〈…〉 committed to prison from whence euen when hee was 〈◊〉 to be set out vpon some easie conditions his â—onscience so prickt him that by priuate escaping he 〈…〉 courtesie of his â—awfull deliuery And then how to expiate this offâ—nce he had 〈◊〉 another more hainous to wit in assaulting the Court vpon no other resolution but by making away his King to â—ick Iustice vnder feet to dominere in his villany 〈…〉 that he sought out for the King attempted the Kings and Chancellours lodgings by fire and the Queenes with a 〈…〉 â—ntailed vpon his 〈◊〉 bâ—fore-hand who had married the sister of the Earle of Essex and afterwards the Queene confirmed also the same â—hus did the vnbridlâ—d vntowardâ—â—sse of a roauing tongue cause distruction to a worthy man and one that deserued will of the Common-wealth leauing an admonition to all posteritie that reproachfull words against Princes finde a deepe impresion in them and commonly a very sharpe memorie Tâ—e French King whom wee said had pitcht his Campe tâ—e last yeere with the auxiliary forcâ—s of the Earle of Essex at 〈◊〉 there also with his small army wintred The spring 〈◊〉 and â—e wearied with these troubles of his 〈◊〉 siedge and finding himselâ—â— vnable for the taking of so 〈…〉 into the City hee called to him the Earle of Essex and suffered it not for the 〈◊〉 of the Frenchman was such that 〈…〉 it not good to 〈◊〉 a Câ—â—y bee ransack't by the 〈◊〉 which 〈…〉 shortly yeeld iâ— selfe into 〈…〉 The Eaâ—le of Essex being deâ—priâ—ed of any hope of matters to doe after he had challenged Villâ—â—s thâ— Gouernour of the City of Roan to a single combate and hee no◠〈…〉 weather beaten and wâ—â—ne away 〈…〉 tooke his leaue of the 〈◊〉 King and made hast ouer being called by the Queenâ— and aduised by his friends that many enuious men at Court had 〈…〉 and secretly and crafâ—â—ly had set 〈…〉 〈…〉 â—arched vpâ—ards in to Frâ—â—ce with his sonne 〈…〉 as intending to bring aide to those that lay in Garrison in Châ—â—me He tooke Neâ—fve-Chastel and hauing skirmished somewhat fortunately against the King â—t 〈◊〉 hee so encreased the stomackes of those of Roâ—aâ— that bursting forth they inuaded the Kings Campe and got many of his peeces of Ordnance The Duke returnes to Abbeuille as if hee were going home the King indeed thought hee had beene gone home and vpon that dissolues the siege for want of prouision and dismisseth a great part of his Army Vpon that the Duke without any delay embracing his occasion pursues his enterprize againe and hauing made sound the Riuer Sâ—yne for a passage for victuals hee takes 〈◊〉 and reliâ—cues the distressed City with store of pronision hee strengtheneth the Rebels and out of a craâ—ty warlike policy alwaies delaieth battle yet not without great losse and being distempered in body returnes home All which time how valiantly the English behaued themselues in battell when the Army of the Leaguers was vanquished at 〈◊〉 the
and that there shall be no peace betweene him and them without their mutuall consent thereunto Yet for all this is Britaine still neglected by the French King France in the very bowels thereof still labouring and neitheir yet could the Englishmen get so much as Pimpol or Breac a little Island for their retiring place but vpon extreame hard conditions to wit that they fortifie it not neither that they lodge either in the houses of Priests or Noblemen Yet for all this the States of Britaine humbly requested the Queene not to recall her forces which she had euen resolued on but euen ouer-entreated commanded them to stay and they dispersed and scattered vp and downe about the Country Villages and exposed both to the malice of the Heauen and their enemies were â—ainâ— to haue a lamentable wintering when Pimpol by reason it was so little could not containe them all Neither spared she her continuall admonitions to the King of France that he should consider how much it stood him vpon to protect and keepe in hold the Sea coasts which once being gotten into the power of the enemy opens a way for further losse and is not easily recouered againe she wished him by Sir Robert Sidney to protect in safety the professours of the reformed Religion He promised againe that as he had hitherto beene so he would alwaies be their Protector and Defendor although that euen the chiefest Nobles of them had already forsaken him But when Sidney would haue dealt with him about Brest for a retyring place for the English forces and a pawne for the monies he had already had which indeed the Queene greatly desired hee stopt his eares at that For truely the Frenchmen could not indure that the English should once set foot in any other possessions in France no not so much as in their Hauens noâ— being forgetfull how easily they a great while agoe hauing but once beene possessed of their Hauens victoriously ran ouer France and how hardly they resigned vp againe their possessions And thus miserably did the French turne the counsell of the Queene vpon her selfe and the English which she gaue them for a caution against the Spaniard The Queene that she might secure her own selfe from the Spaniard fortified the Islands of Silley in the British Ocean hauing erected a Fortresse in S. Mariâ—s Island which by reason of the fashion of a starre like to which it was made she called the Starre-Marie she fortified that also with a set Garrison Also she strengthened her Islands of Gaâ—nsey and Iersey opposite against France and other places besides with great cost and charges and as great courage and alacrity although the times then were very heauy For in that yeare Saturne running through the end of Cancer and the beginning of Leo as in the yeare 1563. the Pestilence or Plague miserably tormented the City of London insomuch that the rigour thereof in the whole course of one yeare mowed downe the people of the Citie and Suburbes to the number of 17890. besides Sir William Roe the Lord Major and three more Aldermen Bartholomew Faire was not kept that yeare in London and Michaelmas Terme at S. Albanes twenty miles from London At which Terme Richard Hesket was condemned and executed because he had perswaded Henry Earle of Darby whose Father Henry died not long before that he should claime the Crowne of England fetching his right from his great Grand-mother Mary the Daughter to Henry the seuenth largely promising moreouer assistance and money from the Spaniard withall threatning the Earles sudden destruction if hee kept it not secret and if he put it not in practise But the Earle fearing this to be a plot onely to bring him into danger betrayed his conspiratour who of his owne accord acknowledging his fault before the iudgement seat sorely cursed those that aduised him thereto and those also that hearkened to his aduise in it and indeed those curses fell vpon some body in all probability For the Earle within foure moneths after died of a miserable kinde of death as shall be spoken of shortly In this yeares space two famous Earles of England died both of the Order of the Garter Henry Stanley whom I now mentioned Earle of Darby the sonne of Edward by Dorothy the Daughter of Thomas Howard first Duke of Norfolke He got of Margaret the Daughter of Henry Clifford Earle of Cumberland of Elenor Brandon the Niece of Henry the eight by his Sister Mary two sonnes Ferdinand and William that in order succeded him The other Earle that died was Henry Ratcliffe Earle of Sussex Gouernour of Portsmouth hauing left onely one Sonne Robert which he had by Honor the Daughter of Anthony Pound At Portsmouth Charles Blunt afterwards Lord Montioy succeeded him Three Lords accompanied these Earles also into another life Arthur Grey of Wilton that famous Warriour and of the Order of the Garter to whom succeeded Thomas his sonne by Iane Sybill Morrison The second Henry Lord Cromwell the Nephew of that Thomas Earle of Essex so often spoken of that was the mocking-stocke of Fortune after him succeeded Edward his sonne by Mary the Daughter of Iohn Powlet Marquesse of Winchester The third Henry Lord Wentworth whom succeeded Thomas borne of Anne Hopton his sonne and heire Neither will we conceale the death of worthy Christopher Carlile whose warlike skill was sufficiently tried in the Low Countries France and Ireland and in America at Carthage and Santo Dominico in the yeare 1585. for he about this time accompanied the forenamed into a better life In Ireland O-Conor Dun Mac-Daâ—y and O-Brien Nobleman of Conaugh and others make complaints that they were vniustly gone to law withall about the possessions of the Mortimers Earles of March which they had no colour of pretence for but continuance of long time wherein they had onely vsurped the same Also about this time the Noblemen of the Prouince of Vlster who long before feared lest they should fal into a conformity to English lawes which they thought would be brought in vpon theÌ„ as they saw it done already in Monaghan and that they should loose much of their power thereby whereby sometimes they did euen tyraâ—â—ize ouer the people begin now to bring to light that rebellion which before long had beene conceiued and first of all Hugh O-Donell on a sudden surpriseth Montrosse Castle Now there had beene a grudge long betweene the Earle of Tir-Oen and Henry Bagnall Marshall of the Irish forces whose Sister the Earle had stolne for his wife The Earle he made his complaint before the Lord Deputy of Ireland the Chancellour and others that whatsoeuer he had brought in obedience to the Queene at Vlster by his continuall labour and euen hazard of his bloud that redounded onely to the commodity of the Marshall and not to himselfe that yet the Marshall had falsly accused him of treason and to that purpose had suborned base
your speech you ought to haue knowne that two Kings being at warre one against another it is lawfull for one side to seaze and surprize all aide and succour that is sent to the other side because he is bound to prouide that no damage from thence come to his kingdome and Common-wealth This we say is agreeable to the Law of Nations which we not onely do but euen the Kings of Poland Sweden haue done the like in the warres against the Muscouians As concerning the neere affinity which you boast of betweene your Master and the house of Austria you might also well remember that some of that Family of Austria were so neere your Master that they would haue got into his roome and got the Kingdome from him For other matters you shall vnderstand what Our will and pleasure is by our Counsellours And hauing spoke thus she betooke herselfe into her Closet The Embassadour in conference with some of the Queenes Councell that he might excuse himselfe shewed vnto them his Speech written which he said was made by others and deliuered to him by Thelitiskius Chancellor of Sweden Zamoske being absent and not knowing of it Shortly after the Queene sent Burghley Lord Treasurer the Admirall Robert Cecill and Fortescue of her Prluy Counsell willing them to certifie him these things That the priuiledges which haue beene heretofore granted to those Cities in Poland as also to the Hans-Townes in Germany were abrogated in the time of Edward the â—ixt yet that the Queene permitted them to traffique with the English vpon equall termes the like right But that she could not giue theÌ„ leaue to traffique by a better right vnlesse that like a wicked mother she should neglect her owne Children and make more of strangers That to surprize aide that goes to her enemies is not against the Law of Nations since Nature her selfe allowes that liberty that euery man should defend himselfe as well as he can and that that Law is not written but borne and bred in vs. Besides that in the mentioned priuiledges there was a Prouiso that those Cities should not furnish the enemies of England with any prouision as appeares in expresse words IT shall be lawfull for the foresaid Merchants to carry their Merchandise whither they will either within Our Realme of England or without prouided alwaies that they carrie them not to the Lands and Kingdomes of our manifest and notorious enemies Besides all this he was giuen to vnderstand that but lately which was fresh in their memories the Kings of Poland and Sweden surprized and conâ—iscated certain English ships and Merchandize onely vpon suspition that they had aided the Muscouian with prouision The Embassadour being demanded what he could say to these things made answer that he had no command to answer any thing but to deliuer his message and returne an answere and shortly after he was very courteously dismissed to returne home By this time the importunate supplications of the Hans-Townes to the Emperour of Germany had so farre preuailed that by Proclamation the society of Merchant Aduenturers were forbidden all traffique in Germany by reason that they traffiqued onely according to the Lawes of England in the Empire and not according to the Lawes of the Empire So that when the Queene had long time dealt with the Emperour by Sir Iohn Wroth and with the Princes of the Empire by Stephen Lesure for the suspention or delaying of this Proclamation and all was in vaine the very same day that the English Merchants were warned to depart Germany she banished all the Hans-Townes men and Merchandizes out of London commanding the Lord Major to take possession of the houses they had in the Citie of London which we call the Stiliard And hereupon they assembled all of the Hans-Townes at Lubecke on purpose to hinder the traffique of the English in Poland and Germany by all meanes The Queene that she might nuâ—lifie these malicious practises sent Sir George Carew Master of the Chancery into Prussia to enforme the King and States of Polonia and the Prutenic Cities those things which she answered to Dzialine the last Embassadour as also to certifie them that the Queene will willingly permit them to trade into Spaine with Corne and all kinde of Merchandize onely except warlike Munition although both by the Ciuill law and the law of Nations she might surprize any thing that is sent to her enemy Also that she was contented that the Hans-Townes should enioy their ancient priuiledges in England vpon condition that they should acknowledge them as her meere fauours and not as couenants lawfully and rigorously to be demanded for those priuiledges which are granted to Subiects by Princes much more to strangers and forreiners may be suspended reuoked and quite abrogated according to the diuersity of times the good of Common-wealths or other the like causes Withall that the Hans-Townes had had experience thereof in Denmarke and Sweden and in England in the time of Edward the sixt Philip and Queene Mary Besides that the case is not all one with Cities and Kingdomes and that Princes ought more to haue a care to protect and patronize their owne honour and Maiesty then the coâ—etousnesse of some Merchants Câ—rew so effectually dealt with them that they promised not to send any of there Embassadours to Lubecke or to conioyne them with the Hans-Townes in Germany Which hauing effected he passed ouer into Sweden where hee met the King of Poland at Steckburge brought into very narrow streights by his Vnckle Charles but he wrought but little with him by reason as the King himselfe courtâ—ously answered that alwaies it is prouided by the Lawes of the Realme that the King alone shall neuer enter into couenants or any bargaines or conditions with any Forreiner Hauing had other Leâ—ters deliuered to him by the Vice-Chancellour ready sealed he refused to take them the title of his 〈◊〉 the Queene being not absolutely perfect and compleat on all sides lest thereby he should seeme to derogate from her Honour and that is indeed the obâ—ect of an Embassadours greatest care although in the smallest matters as this was onely in the superscription From thence he passed vnto Elbing where he composed and ended many quarrels and contentions between the English and the Citizens thereof but this was in the next yeare yet I thought it fit to forestall the narration of it rather then to rent his owne voyage and the readers patience into a distraction This yeare also came Arnold Whitfield Chancellour of Denmarke from Christian the fourth King of Denmarke and with him Christian Bernick who restored againe the Carter of the Order of St. George wherewith the Queene had honoured Fredericke the Kings Father He requested the renewing of the ancient League betweene England and Denmarke also that the Danish goods might not be surprized by the English at Sea He pretended that the English vsed Fishing at Norway and the Islands
Nations To let passe many words the Queene required the whole matter should be referred either to Delegates on both sides or to the Elector of Brandenburgh the Kings Father in Law the Duke of Mekelburgh Henry Iulius the D. of Brunswicke Vncle to the Kings Sister But when neither Stephen Leisiere nor Ferrar nor Nicholas Crage a learned man the one sent into England the other into Denmarke could compose the matter at length it was agreed on that Delegates should be sent to Embda thither the Queene sent Embassadours Richard Bancroft Bishop of London Christopher Perkins and Iohn Swale who might parley with the Delegates of Denmarke But when they came not at the appointed day whether hindered by the winde or some other errour the Danes alleaging that the time of their Delegates was out went home or as some thought because they wanted victuals for the Danes giue to their Embassadours Captaine victuals not mony as other Princes neither could endure to heare that they should require the prolongation of that authority Hence the English complained of the Danes as men proposing nothing else to themselues then that things should remaine as they were to wit that they might exact new tribute daily in the Oresund Sea that by new decrees they might confiscate their ships and merchandize that they might hold their fishng in the Northerne Sea and then saying through the same into Moscouia notwithstanding about these times for the better furtherance of Nauigation the Trades increase and the Kingdomes honour the Queene instituted the Company of East Indie Merchants giuing to them great priuiledges they sent thither with three ships Iames Lancaster of whom we before haue spoken that in the yeare 1594. he ouer came Fernambucke in Brasil Since that time and not vnluckily they sent euery yeare a small Nauy and to their Kingdomes honour erected Markets in Lurat the great Maguls Country in Mossolupatan Bantan Patane Siam Sagad Mecassar also in Iapan crushing by happy victories aswell the insolent enemy as the Turkish falsnesse but whether so great a summe of money daily transported hence and so many Marriners wasted be for the common good let wise men iâ—dge and posterity perceiue While the Queene thus prouides for her Subiects inrichment Clement the eight Pope vnderstanding her to be well in yeares for the better restoring of the Roman Religion to its former height in England sent thither two Breues one to the Clergy the other to the Laity in which hee admonished that they should admit no one to the Scepter after her decase how neere a kinne soeuer vnlesse he were one who would not onely grant a toleration of the Romish Religion but also with his best indeuour further it To the doing of which he must binde himselfe by an oath after the manner of his predecessours but the contents of these were as sparingly reuealed as they themselues closely sent notwithstanding hence was the originall of the monstrous powder-plot and as these Breues were sent from Rome to England for the easier excluding of King Iames from his inheriting England so at the same time was prepared in Scotland a deadly Sword by the Rethuens Brothers who in reuenge of the lawfull punishment inflicted on the E. of Gowry their Brother in the Kings minoritie appointed the same good King to die treacherously seducing him to their house and they had not come short in the performing of this designe had not the Protectour of Kings by these instruments the Kings fortitude the loyall endeauour of Iohn Ramsey and Thomas Areskins made themselues the authours of destruction on themselues for they were made aswell partners in death as in that plot and by decree of the State their goods confiscate their house made leuell with the ground themselues quartered and the Quarters hung on stakes through the Cities and as many as had to their surname Rethuen were commanded to leaue it for the better obliterating both of name and memory let it not be accounted fraud in me to relate their punishment since other Writers in this matter haue beene profuse about this Prince through England arose great complaint of the scarcity of victuals which also increased by reason of the moist constitution in the heauens at the end of the former yeare the vernall cold of this and the priuate auarice of some who by the abuse of an obtained licence transported great store into other Nations Hence the people moued no lesse with opinion then if they had had more rationall proofes by Libels railed on Buckhurst the Treasurer as if he had granted the licence but hee not lightly regarding these things repaires to the Queene from whom by Proclamation his innocence was testified a fault transferred on the Hucsters of Corne the Libellers apprehended and punished But such is the querulous enuy of the people that they complained the more and lashed him by priuate backe-bitings as if he had acknowledged it And now Essex hauing beene vnder the Lord Keeper of the great Seales custody this halfe yeare began mooued thereto by his naturall inclination to goodnesse and by this physicall affliction and many of his friends especially Henry Howard began I say to come to a better minde also determining to send away far from him those turbulent spirits that suggested him to all that was naught Gill Mericke and Cuffe he himselfe putting on such piety patience and modest humility that all his friends hoped well of him againe and his enemies enuied thereat The Queene in short time being pacified with his humble and submissue Letters commanded him to keepe onely his owne house vnder the free custody of Richard Barckly withall protesting that these her punishments were not entended for his ouerthrow but for his amendment But the common people altogether pleading for his innocency thinking him shrewdly wronged it seemed good to the Queene to eschew all kinde of seuerity iniustice or preiudice to her or her Councel that his cause should be heard yet not in the Starre Chamber lest he were too seuerely punished but onely priuately in the Lord Keepers house the Iudges thereof were allotted the Councell-table of the Queene foure Earles two Lords and foure Iudges that thereby he might onely be censured alike but with no marke of treachery or treason The summe of his accusation was that hauing no such authority in his Commission he made Southampton leader of the Horse that he knighted many that he drew his forces from Tir-Oen whom he should haue prosecuted into Mounster that he had priuate conference with Tir-Oen to the violation of the Maiesty of the Queene and the honor of the the Deputy himselfe and that this conference was the more suspected because it was priuate and secret These things the Lawyers sorely aggrauated bringing in also abrupt sentences of his out of Letters writ by himselfe some two yeres before the Copies whereof were dispersed by his followers vp and downe England such as these THat there is
any one tooke Armes for his defence and that those that accompanied him withdrew themselues away and heard also that the Admirall came with forces a-against him then he began to cast away all his hopes Wherfore he bethinkes of returning home againe and by the meanes of the Lord Keeper and the rest lockt vp at home to procure some hope of fauour from the Queene But when as Sir I. Leuison with a Band at Ludgate denyed Gorge passage for the Earle which he demanded Gorge being carefull of himselfe in the care of the Councellours comes and perswades the Earle that he would send him to set the Councellours free and then both hee and they might intercede with the Queene for his pardon whilest yet there was hope and some comfort no blood being yet shed and whilest the Queene might be in doubt of the successe or the Cities minde in any vncertainty what they should doe The Earle gaue him leaue but onely willed that Popham might be set free but Popham denying his owne liberty except the Lord Keeper also were deliuered Gorge set them all at liberty and taking Boat with them came by water to the Court. The Earle now about to returne findes his way chained vp neerest the West gate of Pauls and Pikemen and Muskets set against him at the appointment of the Bishop of London vnder the command of Sir I. Leuison Here first he drew his Sword and commanded Blunt to assault them Which he did very manfully hauing slaine one Wayte and he himselfe â—ore wounded was taken There was slaine also Henry Tracy a young man and very dearely loued by the Earle besides one or two Citizens The Earles passage being stopt here 〈◊〉 hauing his hat shot through with a Bullet accompanied with a few that left him not yet for most had making hast downe to Queene-hith got Boats and came home to his house againe by water Hauing returned he was very angry that the Councellours were dismissed so hee burnes a many papers lest as he said they should blab too much and prepares himselfe for his owne defence fortifying his house on all sides and and vainly expecting helpe from the Londoners Presently after the Lord Admirall comes and besiegeth it on the Land-side setting in order the Earles of Cumberland and Lincolne Thomas Howard Lord Gray Burghley and Compton with horse and foot He himselfe with his Sonne Effingham L. Cobham Stanhope Robert Sidney Sir Fulke Greuile on the Thames side seized on his Garden And now being ready to assault the house he commandeth them by Sidney to yeeld them vp to him The Earle of South-hampton demands againe to whom they should yeeld it To their enemies that were indeed to deserue danger enough To the Queene that were indeed to confesse themselues guilty But yet saith he if the Admirall will giue vs good pledges for our security we will come and appeare before the Queene But if not that they had all resolued rather to lose their liues then the credit of their cause The Admirall answered againe that there ought not to be Pledges giuen or any conditions offered to Rebels but yet certifiedâ— Essex that he should send out the Countesse his Wife his Sister the Lady Rich and some other Mayd-seruants that with 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 made a terrible noise within doores The Earle tooke that for a great courtesie and onely desired that he might haue an houre or twoâ— respite to fortifie the place where they went out which was granted But 〈◊〉 houre being spent the Earle finding all his hopes come to a despaire determined to issue forth vpon them which the Lord Sands somewhat ancienter then the rest vrged also exceedingly saying still that the most valiant Councels are the most safe that it is farre more honourable to die fighting with Noble men then by the hand of a hangman But Essex his minde being as vnconstant as his fortune began rather to thinke of yeelding and gaue notice that vpon certaine Articles and conditions he would yeeld But the Admirall denying any conditions he would not guie conditions but onely take and they should be but these First To dealâ— ciuilly with them which the Admirall granted Secondly To let their cause be fairely and lawfully tried To which he answered that he ought not to doubt of that Lastly That during the time of his imprisonment hee might haue Ashton his Chaplaine with him for his soules better comfort The Admirall promised that he would intercede with the Queene for these things And so forth with the Nobler sort kneeling downe deliliuered vp their Swords to the Admirall and themselues at ten of the clocke at night In this assault there died onely Owen Salisbury and one or two flaine within with the Muskets and as many of the Assaulters without The Earles of Essex and Southampton first of all are committed to the Archbishop of Canterburies house at Lambeth and not streightway to the Tower because it was late at night and the water not passable vnder London Bridge But the next day or very soone after by commission from the Queene they were carried by boat vnto the Tower Râ—tland Sands Cromwell Mâ—â—taquile and Charles Danuers and Henry Bromley were sent after in more Boats The 〈◊〉 were all committed to common gaoles And thus within twelue houres was this commotion at rest which some called a 〈◊〉 in the Earle some an errour others a stubborne 〈◊〉 and 〈…〉 reuenge But they that made the worst of it onely called it an inconsiderate rashnesse the Citizens being as loth to acknowledge a rebellion as to cause one and scarcely was there one that thought it yet treason The day after the Queene by her Herauld commended the loyall care of her Citizens acknowledging the same with very louing words Also then admonishing them that they should maintaine the publike peace and tranquility by reason that the infection of this new sedition was likely to lurke and breake out somewhere also that they should haue an especiall care to obserue if any went about any innouations either by forcing the mindes of the weake and simple people thereto or calumniating any of the Queenes Seruants Vpon the twelfth of February Thomas Lee Kinsman to Sir Henry Lee of the Order of Saint George a Commander in Ireland very intimate with Tir-Oen and as much deuoted to Essex too who the very same night that Essex had refused being sent for to goe to the Priuy Councellers profered his seruice either to surprize or kill the Earle of Essex now intimated secretly to Robert Crosse a Sea Captaine that it were a braue thing if six tall fellowes at once would set vpon the Queene and make her by force release Essex and Southampton and the rest out of prison These things Crosse hauing betrayed to the Councell Lee being sought vp downe for was about twilight found about the Priuy Chamberdore very pale and sweating and oftentimes hauing asked
since their youth by their Christian profession of the same Religion and by the honour of his Family and adiuring him by them all to name the man to them Southampton referres it all to the Councell and Cecill himselfe if it were fitting with reason safe for his honour to name him when all thought it fit he should name him he names William Lord Knolles Vnckle to the Earle of Essex Cecill very earnestly entreating that he should be sent for shortly after he came and acknowledged that some two yeares agoe he heard Cecill say that one Dolman in a Booke had prooued the right of the Infanta to the Crowne but that he himselfe said no such matter Essex replied that the words were told him after another sence Cecill replyed THe malice whereby you haue endeauoured to bring me in hatred with all men comes from nothing else but my desire of peace and the good of my Country and from your hot desire of warre to the profit of the Souldiers that they might be vnder your becke And hence was it that you set forth an Apologie against the Peace And hence was it that all that spake of peace were hated as most addicted to the Spaniard But for my owne part I am so farre from enclining towards the Infanta of Spaine that I tremble euen to thinke of it Whilest the Lord Knolles is expected the Recorder accuseth Essex of dissembling hypocrisie that professing publikely the Euangelicall Religion yet hee promised Blunt a Papist a Toleration The Earle denyed it yet denyed he not but that he knew Blunt was a Papist for hee when hee was a Boy was brought vp in the Low Countries vnder Allen that was afterwards Cardinall but that he desired his conuersion and neuer indeed liked that any Christian should be tormented in case of religion Southampton he forth with excuseth himselfe by reason of his deare loue to the Earle of Essex and his ignorance of the Lawes He modestly implores the mercy of the Queene whom he alwaies knew the patterne euen of Gods mercy and whom he protested he neuer iniured not with an euill thought The Iudges Assistants being demanded concerning these reiterated protestations of both the Earles that they neuer ment any wrong to the Queene gaue this sentence THat if any man shall attempt to strengthen himselfe so farre that the Prince cannot resist him he is guilty of rebellion Also that euery rebellion the Law construeth to be a plot against the Princes life or a deposing of him in as much as the Rebell will not suffer the Prince to continue or reigne that shall hereafter punish or reuenge such a rebellion This they confirmed by Law where it is adiudged Treason to doe any thing against the security of the Prince by reason that it cannot be that he that once prescribeth to his King a Right will euer suffer the King to recouer his authority to himselfe againe or to liue lest so he might chance to recouer it Fetching examples from our owne Chronicles of Edward the second and Richard the second who being by force of Armes brought vnder their Subiects power were after both deposed and murthered After that Sir Iohn Leuison standing by describes in many words against the Earle of Essex the tumultuous fray neere Pauls Churchyard Then was read through the confessions of the Earles of Rutland the Lord Crâ—mwell and Sands Then began Essex to answere more mildly that hee thought of nothing but onely to repell force by force and that he would not haue gone into the Citie so inconsiderately but that he foresaw imminent danger ouer him Afterwards Sir Francis Bacon repeats the opinions and sentences of the Iudges who all found both the Earles guilty of Treason shewing that they could not excuse themselues who being commanded by the Lord Keeper and a Herald to lay downe their weapons yet did it not Essex replied that he saw no Herald but a lame fellow whom he tooke not for a Herald saying that if he had intended any thing but onely his defence against those his aduersaries he would not haue gone out with so small a company so vnarmed for they had nothing but Swords and Daggers and Gunnes Bacon replying that that was done out of policy by him who indeed relyed vpon the Citizens armes that they might furnish himselfe and his men too and take armes themselues for him Imitating Guise in France in this tricke who not long agoe entring Paris with a few people so stirred vp the people to take armes that he made the King dispatch out of the City By and by were both the Earles remooued aside and the Peeres that past vpon them rising and separating themselues from the rest conferred amongst themselues and weighing the matter within an houre returned againe to their seates euery one hauing found both the Earles guilty The Notary calls both the Earles to the Barre againe according to the manner and asketh them seuerally if they had any thing to say why sentence should not be pronounced against them Essex intreating the Peeres to make intercession for South-hampton to the Queene who might hereafter well deserue at her hands answered MY life I take no care for that there is nothing that I more earnestly desire then to lay downe my life in loyalty towards God and the Queene whatsoeuer the Law make of me Yet would I not that you should signifie to the Queene any contempt in me of her gracious mercy which indeed all my smooth language would neuer purchase And I entreat you all that since I neuer thought ill against my Prince ye would quit me in the Court of your Conscience although that ye haue cast me and condemned me in this Court of Iustice. The Earle of Southampton most demissely and humbly craued the Queenes pardon entreating his Peeres to intercede for it with the Queene protesting againe that he neuer conceiued any ill thought against the Queene insomuch that with his pleasing speech and ingenuous modestie hee mooued all the standers by to pitty him The Lord High Steward hauing made now a very graue speech admonisheth the Earle to request the Queenes mercy and pardon pronouncing vpon him the dolefull sentence of hanging drawing and quartering And now the Hatchet being turned towards them that before was turned from them Essex said THis body might haue done the Queene better seruice if she had pleased but I reioyce that it is vsed any way for her Requesting that before his death hee might receiue the Communion and that Ashton a Minister might be still with him for his soules health Then hee asked pardon of the Earle of Worcester and the Lord Chiefe Iustice for keeping them in hold And of Morley and De-la-ware for bringing their Sonnes that knew not of the matter into such danger And then his staffe being broken the Earle departed These things the Authour of the originall being there present makes worth beleefe who if he haue omitted any thing
death And he entreated the standers by to accompany him in a little short prayer which with a feruent eiaculation and hearty deuotion he made to God Then he forgaue his executioner and repeated his Creed and fitting his necke to the blocke hauing repeated the fiue first verses of the 51. Psalme hee said Lord I cast my selfe downe humbly and obediently to my deserued punishment Thou O Lord haue mercy vpon thy seruant that is cast downe Into thy hands O Lord I commit my spirit His head after that was stricken off at the third blow but the first tooke away both sence and motion Thus although Byron and the French scoffed at him and this his deuotion which they said was fitter for a Parson then a Souldier as if the feare of Hell were not the valour of a Christian dyed Robert D'Euereux Earle of Essex at the age of foure and thirty yeares very godlily and truely Christianly in as much that his Fathers admonition proued not altogether vaine who bid him haue a care of his six and thirtieth yeare when hee lay a dying Hee was a man certainly very vertuous for all parts that became any Noble man His stocke was very ancient and Noble His sirname was deriued to him from Euereux as the vulgar call it a Citie in Normandy His title of a Lord came by marriage with Cisely the Daughter of William Bourchier whose Grandmother was Sister to Edward 4. K. of England whose great Grandmother was Daughter to Th. of Woodstocke the Son of Edward 3 borne of one of the Daughters of Humphrey Bohune E. of Hartford and Essex whereupon the Title of Viscount of Hartford was bestowed vpon his great Grandfather Walter by Edward 6 and the Title of Earle of Essex bestowed vpon his Father by Queene Elizabeth He being a young man was brought vp at Cambridge in the studies of learning and Religion and afterwards commended by the Earle of Leicester his Father in Law to the Queene and made Master of the Horse although with much adoe he obtained it of the Queene she being somwhat grown strange to his mother But afterwards when by his obseruancy and duty he had purchased her full fauour she forgaue him the debt which his Father owed she made him one of the Order of S. George and of her Priuie Councell when he was scarce 23. yeares olde He was often Commander of Armies although fortune failed him in good successe which I will not say was by reason of the Planet Mars who in the 11. house of Heauen shined most afflictiuely ouer him at his Natiuity And when as now he had not alone the shew of the Queenes fauour but the excesse thereof in very deed he made all haste as the Courtiers most did complaine to outgoe all his Equalls and Superiours too to speake euilly of the praise of any man that was not wholly addicted to him to take heinously if any man had gotten either power or fauour with the Queene to hunt after the popular commendations that alwaies is very short in durance and military praises which are as dangerous by his meeknesse and liberality Also he began to be somewhat selfe-willed and stubborne towards the Queene and rather out of his great minde then pride especially after that she out of her courtesie had renewed her fauour to him which he once lost and had opened a way for new benefits to him But this his contumacy vntowardnes as it were in wrestling out benefits from her and his lothsome neglect of obedience towards her with the crafty vndermining of his enuious aduersaries by little and little toled him out of the Queenes fauour and at length quite estranged him from it Neither indeed was this noble Earle made for a Courtier who was slow to any wickednesse very warie in taking of offence and very loth to forget it and one that could not couer his minde But as Cuffe often vsed to complaine to the Authour of the originall of this Story hee was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 one that could neither conceale his loue nor his hatred but alwaies shewed them in his countenance Hee married Frances the Daughter of Francis Walsingham the Widow of Sir Philip Sidney the Queenes aduice not being taken who was offended at it as if by that affinity he had debased Essexes family of whom he got Robert his Sonne Frances and Dorothy his Daughters and Walter by the Lady Southwell On the fift day of March S. Christopher Blunt S. Charles Danuers S. Iohn Dauis S. Gill. Mericke Knights and Cuffe were all arraigned at Westminster before the Lord Admirall of England Hunsdon Chamberlaine Cecill Secretary Sir Iohn Fortescue Chancellour of the Exchequer the Lord chiefe Iustice and others where they were accused of the same faults as the Earles before were to wit that they intended mischiefe to the Queenes Maiesty by consulting of inuading the Court and by rebelling in the Citie The three first of them were demanded whether or no they could not deny one part of their accusation and confesse the other which they did for they denied that euer they intended any thing against the Queene Mericke and Cuffe being taken aside the Iudges as before declared THat he that intendeth to prescribe Lawes to his King or Prince whereby he restraineth his power doth intend mischiefe and destruction to his Prince and doth intend both to take the Crowne Life from him This they proued from the examples of silly Countrimen that were condemned for treason euen in the memory of our forefathers for that they tooke armes and met in Oxford-shire and Kent one to encrease their daily pay for their worke the other to take away the Inclosures of pasture fields For confirmation of this they brought many things besides shewing also that it could not be but that they must needs bring in the Queene vnder subiection also offer violence to her because that Conquerours are alwaies insolent and the fury of a multitude cannot be restrained who to prouide for their owne security and safety feare not the performance of any villany Blunt he is vrged with his owne confessions and the confession of the Earle himselfe who but lately accused him as the onely entiser of him to all wickednesse when he heard it read and signed with the Earles owne hand as he saw it he grew altogether amazed with admiration and greatly required that in some other place he might talke with the Admirall and Cecill concerning that matter but lifting vp his eyes he cryed out openly THou O God knowest well from what purposes and plots I disswaded the Earle of Essex Then was read the confession of Thomas Lee who acknowledged that by the leaue of Blunt who was then Marshall in Ireland he had sent to Tir-Oen and againe from him vnderstood that Tir-Oen had said THat if the Earle of Essex would but hearken vnto him that he would make him the greatest man in England
It was also affirmed that Lee had said that he knew that both Essex Blunt and Tir-Oen thought all the same Neither indeed did Blunt denie but that he gaue leaue to Lee to goe or send to Tir-Oen but it was by Essex's command And then are read many other things that were sent out of Ireland to prooue the intimatenesse that was with Essex with the Earle Tir-Oen Flemming then the Queenes Solliciter turning to Danuers discourseth out of the points of Law how that if a man be ignorant of their determination of taking armes against the Prince and yet ioyne himselfe in action with those that doe it he is guilty of Treason That then Danuers was much more guilty who as is prooued by his owne and others confession was a partner both in the consultation and the conspiracy acted He answered little or nothing to this onely that his loue was so great to the Earle of Southampton that for his sake he would neglect life and goods for the Earle had before entertained and hid this Danuers that fled for a murther and afterwards sent him ouer into France where he followed the Campe with great credit till such time as the Queene being with much adoe ouer-entreated gaue him his parâ—don Sir Iohn Dauis being in a manner conuicted by his owne conscience and confession held his peace and being taunted by the way that he was a Papist he denied not that at Oxford he was instructed in the Romish Religion by his Tutor and confirmed in the same by Blunt while he was in the Irish warres At which words when hee perceiued Blunt was mooued he straight appeased him affirming that hee was confirmed in that Religion not by Blunts perswasion but by the example of his Christian and religious life After this Cuffe and Mericke were arraigned and Cuffe is laid hard at with the confession of Essex and Danuers and Henry Neuill Danuers had confessed that Cuffe knew of alâ— the consultations and meetings and that he alwaies perswaded them to assault the Court. Essex had confessed before the Councell that hee was the instigator of him to all this treachery and signed this truth with his owne hand Henry Neuill had confessed that Cuffe presently after his returne from France had suggested to him that the vnfortunate successe of the Treaty at Boloigne would be imputed to him that after that hee would diuers times come and see him and perswade him to come and see the Earle of Essex which he once did Afterwards when he returned last that he entreated him to come to Drury house and heare what was consulted on protesting that he should heare of nothing there which was not beneficiall to the Kingdome and the Earle of Essex and what hee might heare with loyalty towards the Queene that afterwards he entreated him to be present with him and the Earle at the inuasion of the Court and that then he opened all the councell vnto him which when Neuill disliked as dangerous difficult and wicked and said that they were of those kinde of purposes that are neuer commended till they are ended that then Cuffe extenuated both the danger and difficulty intimating all London and the Aldermen themselues to be for Essex altogether and ready at a becke and that then he would vse the verse of Lucan To him that holds vp armes in sight He giueth all things that denies his right Neither could Cuffe denie any of this Whereupon the Recorder Syllogistically argues against him and he so wittily and acutely answers him that Cecill called him a subtle Sophister And Anderson chiefe Iustice of the Common Pleas was so angry at it that he cried they both made foolish syllogismes and he fell to vrging the Law against Traitors in Edward the third But to conclude Cuffe tooke vpon him to answere his accusation which consisted of two parts For that first said he I am accused of Treason for being in Essex house on the day of the Rebellion you might as well haue accused one of the Lions too for lying in his Den. All that day I sorely lamented the ill fortune of my Earle neither did I doe any thing else I perswaded him as I could to cry the Queene mercy which I could not compell him to except he pleased And then for the consultation in Drury house that is no more to be adiudged a piece of Treason when it neuer tooke effect then an Embrion or an vnperfect creature not full borne is to be adiudged a man The Lawyers vrged against him that no necessity lay vpon him to continue in Essex house at the siege of it besides that euery one had his office allotted him some to defend the House whereof he was one and others to seize vpon the Citie who all did their endeauours equally and all were equally too guilty of Treason Then they answered that the meeting of them at Drury house was of it selfe Treason by reason there was order taken against the Queene which was also put in practise Then they vrged out of the Law That if more conspire against a Prince and yet practise that their conspiracy diuers waies yet is the fault of Treason one and the same in all by reason of one and the same malice of the Conspirators Their discreet answeres with the confessions of Essex Neuill and Danuers quite spoiled Cuffes cause so that all his wit and sophistry could not worke it out againe into an ambiguity Mericke he is accused for sending Letters to his brother Salisbury Groyne and other audacious fellowes whom hee drew to his side also for vndertaking the defence of Essex house against the Queene for giuing mony and causing an olde obsolete Tragedy of the deposing of Richard 2. to be acted publiquely before the Conspirators which the Lawyers did iudge of as if he had shewen them now that vpon the stage which he would haue them act the next day vpon the Queene The like iudgement spent they vpon a Booke of Sir Iohn Haywards a learned man that was written about the same matter as if it had been written to encite and stirre the Earle to depose the Queene to the ill fortune of the worthy Authour who lay long in prison punished for his vntimely Edition of it and these words in his dedicatory Epistle to the Earle of Essex TV magnus spe maior futuri temporis expectatione that is to say Thou art great in hope but farre greater in the expectation of future times All this Mericke heard and with a resolute silence said not any thing againe but onely this ESsex lifted mee vp and Essex hath throwne mee downe After this euery one of them are found guilty by the Iurie of treason against the Queene and their sorrowfull sentences were pronounced After that Blunt and Danuers earnestly desired that they might die like Noblemen by being beheaded and indeed they came of the Noble stocke For Danuer's Mother was Daughter and one of the Heires to Neuill Lord Latimer by
si Iudicio Dominationis tuae id quod nunc pinzui Minervâ sâ—ripsi probatum iri intellexero multò mihi minus displicebo Deus te diutissimè seruet incolumem ut tum Reginae serenissimae toti Regno fidelissimus Consiliarius tum etiam Ecclesiae huic nostrae Anglicanae Pastor utilissimus multos adhuc annos esse possis Valè è Musaeo meo apud Bishop-Thorpe Calend. Octob. Anno Domini 1595. Dignitatis tuae Studiosissimus Matthaeus Eboracensis Vpon the receit whereof his Grace of Canterbury being desirous to compose these controuersies appointed an Assembly at Lambeth where were present his Grace himselfe Richard of London Richard Elect of Bangor besides Doctor Whitaker Doctor Tindall and other learned Diuines The conclusion of it was that by them there were nine Articles drawne into seuerall heads and from the place where they were established named The Articles of Lambeth which set all things right againe and reduced the Vniuersity to an vnanimity of beliefe for vpon their arriuall at Cambridge my French Doctor presently vanished and shortly after that one Barret Fellow of Trinity Colledge hauing preached some of that new Doctrine lately before was compelled to recant publikely at Saint Maries by the appointment of Dr. Duport Vice-Chancellour of the Vniuersity The Articles by reason I know very many haue beene desirous to see them I thought good to Transcribe out as they were printed beyond Sea Assertio seu Articlus I. DEus ab aeterno prâ—destinavit quosdam ad vitam Quosdam reprobavit ad mortem Articulus II. CAusa Movens aut Efficiens Praedestinationis ad vitam non est praevisio fideâ— aut perseverantiae aut bonerum operum aut ullius rei quae insit in personis prâ—destinatis sed sola voluntas beneplaciti Dei Articulus III. PRâ—destinatorum praefinitus certus est numerus qui nec augeri nec minui possit reasons as first because perchance in a sodaine Translation I might erre in not rendring the words according to the â—enour of them as they run in the printed Statutes and secondly which was my greatest motiue because I finde in the Booke of the 〈…〉 which are here mentioned as if they were as also because that some of them which are here expressed are there made to be enacted in the next Parliament to this to wit in the 〈…〉 as particularly The Act to redresse the mis-imployment of Lands Goods and Stockes of money heretofore giuen to charitable vses and also An Act against fraudulent Administrations 〈…〉 〈…〉 desirous to reade the Statutes Verbatim translated he may haue them thus The States of the Kingdome being assembled 〈…〉 An Act against the Decaying of Townes and Houses of Good Husbandry 〈◊〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 Duce Austriaco solutionem obsessis frustra pollicente This Ambianum or as others reade it Ambiana or Civitas Ambianesis as Antoninus or as the vulgar Amiens is the chiefest Citty in Picardy and a Bishops See It is compassed with the Riuer Some from which it had first a Name as some imagine and indeed nothing but imagine This Citty hauing beene betrayed into the hands of the Spaniards by the Gouernour thereof was most valiantly and as fortunately besieged and recouered againe by Henry the fourth euen in the sight of Albert the Archduke of Austria who fed the hungry desires of the besieged Citizens onely with a bare expectation of victuals and reliefe Pag. 203. Lin. 32. Surrendred into their hands Nannetu This word Nannetu should haue been printed Nantes bâ—t it was the ouersight of the Ouerseer It is one of the chiefest Citties in Britaine which the Duke of Merceur pretending a Right to the whole Durchy had now made himselfe Master of 〈◊〉 obserues of it that it is Metropolis Superioris Britanniâ— and he cals it Vrbs Nannetica vulgo Nantes Ptolomaeo 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Nannetum vt censet Sâ—â—liger He obserâ—ers moreouer that heretofore it was the chiefest Seat of the Dukes of Britaine bearing the Title of a County and formerly one of the Titles of the first borne Sonne of the Duke of Britaine whereby hee was distinguished Pag. 244. Lin. 18. Whether or no the Queene had inckling of this matter I know not Vpon those words follow many other which vpon what ground I know not are omitted in both the Latine Editions and therefore also in the body of this Translation but finding them in an Authentique Copy and vnder M. Cambdens owne hand I thought good to impart them to the Reader The words are these Etenim eodem tempore increbuerunt rumores per totum regnum peruulgati sunt quales spargi solent cùm Principe volente volitant adesse classem Hispanicam potentem optimè instructam ad oras occidentales regni conspectam esse neque quam partem peterent certum esse Itaque delectus acriter ubÃque habiti provinciae maritimae armari in procinctu esse jussae Nuncij ad aulam assiduè missi quin etiam exercitus Regius sub Duce Comite Nottinghamiae Admirallo Angliae conscriptus Evulgata etiam fabâ—lla quae vel prudentiores capere fallere possit Regem Hispanum expeditionis in Lusitaniam non oblitum cui idem Esâ—exius adfuerat Cum certior factus esset tantum exercitum ad motus Hibernicos compesceâ—dos apparari sub Duce tam eminenti florenti in suspicionem venisse haec praetextu rerum Hibernicarâ— ad Hispaniae paâ—tem aliquam invadendam designata esse atque idâ—ircò in defensionem Regnorum suorum classem numerosam atque etiam terrestres copias parasse Postqum auâ—em comperisset exereitum in Hibernia reuerâ 〈◊〉 ansmissum esse atquâ— illis rebus implicitum submonitum à concilio suo ut cum tantam classem copias magnis impesis rerum motu jam collegisset paratas baberet ne eâ—s inutiliter dimitteret sed in Angliam impressionom â—aceret eò magis quod flos militiae Anglicauae cum Essexio transportatus esset Regina nihil tale eo tempore expectaret Haec omnia eò fiebant ut Essexius certior fact â—s regnum in armis esse ab aliquo conatu exercitum Hibeâ—nicum in Angliam transportandi injecto metu desisteret Attamen baec Reginae consilia etiam vulgo in suspicionem venerant in pejorem partem accipiebantur cum dicerent anno Octogesimo Octavo ab Hispania appulisse classem illorum Invincibilem ho anno alteram classem Invisibilem atque mussarent si huju smodi Ludi Florales à Consilio Angliae ineunte Maio celebrati â—uissent magis congruum existimari potuisse verum ut plebs à messe sua avocâ—retur erat enim adultus autumnus nimis serias ineptias esse In English thus For about the same time there flew about very strange rumors ouer all the Kingdome such indeed as vse to fly when the Prince himselfe lets them loose that there was a Spanish Nauy prepareâ— hauing now all things in a readinesse