to her Father at such time as great Rewards were proposed to such as should discover him The Father-in-Law delivered him up to the King who cut off his Head 12. The King not throughly satisfied with the People of Pegu built not far from it another great and strong City Then he marched with an Army of 1600000 Men and over-run many Neighbouring Kingdoms But another Rebellion breaking out at Pegu the Queen was forced to fly to the Castle chiefly relying upon 39 Portugueses who defended her till the King came and vanquished the Rebels Then the King sent an Officer to bring those Men who had defended the Queen to his presence He brought him some Moors of Note but the King knowing the Portugueses were the Men said in Anger I sent you for Men and you bring me Cowards Go bring me Men. The Portugueses being brought he bid them ask whatever Reward they would and they with the Surprize doubting the King loaded them with Riches Praises and Honours 13. Now were the Inhabitants of the City Chincheo the second Portugues Colony in China in a flourishing condition and seemed to have forgot the sad Fate of Liampo destroyed through their Wickedness and Avarice Ayres Coello de Sousa came thither to be Judge of the Orphans and Proveditor for the Dead his Intention being to rob the Living and Dead his Countrymen and Strangers He committed many Villanies to lay hold of 12000 Ducats belonging to an Armenian Christian who died there and 8000 more of some Chinese Merchants upon pretence they belonged to the dead Man These and other Insolencies provoked the Chineses to do as they had done at Liampo to wit to raze the Town and destroy all the Inhabitants Only Thirty escaped of Five hundred Portugueses that lived there These and some others they gathered went over to the Island Lampazau and afterwards in the Year 1557 obtained of the Chineses that of Gaoxam where they built the City now called Macao as shall be seen in its place 14. Our Governour studying some Means to relieve the great Wants of the Souldiers was suddenly snatched away by Death about the beginning of Iuly He was much regretted for his Prudence Affability and Integrity for being Seventy years of Age and having born considerable Offices he was forced to give all he had to Match two Daughters and yet the best part of their Portions was their Beauty and that He was their Father He had a graceful Presence a comly Countenance always Smiling without lessening his Gravity For it is not necessary to be like a Statue to appear like a God He was of the first Quality of his Country His Beard very white and full falling upon his Breast Governed a Year and a Month and was the 15th in that Rank the second of the Name and first of the Sirname CHAP. VII The Government of George Cabral from the Year 1549 till the Year 1550 in the Reign of King JOHN the Third 1. THE Patents of Succession being opened there was found in the first George Cabral a Gentleman by Birth and of known Worth who not long before was gone to take possession of the Command of Baçaim He received the News with small signs of Joy an ill token for him that expected the Recompence of carrying it But he being a generous Man did not lessen the Reward It was not want of desire to Govern that made him dissatisfied but that he feared another coming soon from Portugal to succeed him he should lose the great Advantages he might have made of the Command he was in and which he was to hold four Years With him was his Wife D. Lucretia Fiallo who had double Pretensions to be vain as a Woman and as a Beauty and had now a third in the News of being Wife to the Governour of India so she laughed to see her Husband doubt whether he should receive what was offered 2. Cabral revolved a thousand Thoughts with himself not knowing whether to admit or refuse the Government and these Cares so disturbed him that he could not Rest at Night His Wife finding him so dubious and fearing to be disappointed of the Pride of sitting though never so short a time in the Throne of India took him one Night to task and using all Arts of an ambitious Womans Tongue and the Allurements of that place prevailed with him to lay aside all Doubt and accept of the Honour offered which he had seemed averse to and which she so ardently desired 3. He admired her efficacy in Persuading no less powerful in the beauty of her Language than that of her Person Though he always thought her a Woman of Sense for Beauty and Folly are not always inseparable yet he could not but conclude the desire of Greatness is a great matter of Eloquence Who could resist a resolute Beauty Had it been to draw on Mankind another Universal sin he must have been an Adam to that Eve much more to accept of a Command for which he was sufficiently qualified In fine The New Governour sailed to Goa in this only Governed by his Wife for India might vie with her in the desire of seeing him possess that Throne many years For Cabral deserved to have been long continued in that Post and India was obliged to his Wife for the short time he held it Women are not always hurtful But in those days there were some Beautiful and Gay without being quite Mad. 4. At our Governours coming from Cochin there was not a right Understanding between that King and him because he ordered Francis de Silva to attemp to Plunder the Pagod of Palurte which was disappointed and he lost three Portugueses and the Loss had been greater but that the King was then absent This was the Cause that three Ships set out for Portugal late and ill Laden Now came the News That above 100 Sail were fitting out at Suez to transport Turks into India The Governour applied himself to provide for such a Storm he acquainted the Chief of our Towns Goa offered much Chaul 30 Sail Bazaim 20. Whilst these Preparations were making F. Antony Criminal an Italian Jesuit preaching at Cape Comori received the Crown of Martyrdom at the hands of a multitude of the King of Bisnagar's Subjects who assaulted him as he Preached He was run through with three Lances and then his Head cut off King Iohn was so mightily delighted with this Exploit that he immediately sent Advice to Baltasar de Faria his Embassadour at Rome to communicate it to the Pope who received it with due applause CHAP. VIII Continues the Government of George Cabral 1. ZAmori and the King of Pimienta were joyned in a League against him of Cochin which threatned that State with dangerous consequences The Governour set out to prevent them with a Fleet of 90 Sail but returned to Goa without doing any thing because the Season was unfit He only consulted with the King of Cochin about the manner of carrying on the War
offered to Capitulate but no Conditions were allowed by the Besieger and therefore resolved to make use of the Portugueses to whom he had always been very just and serviceable But Man never remembers Favours received in Prosperity of those he sees in Adversity 6. The disconsolate King sent one Seixas to Cayero to offer if he would receive him his Family and Treasure into the four Ships under his Command he would give half the Treasure to the King of Portugal become his Vassal and pay such Tribute as should be agreed upon not doubting with the assistance of 2000 Portugueses who should be maintained at his own Expence to recover his Kingdom Caeyro consulted the principal Portugueses and in their presence asked of Seixas what the Treasure of Martavans was who affirmed he had not seen all but that of what he had two of our Ships might be loaded with Jewels and Gold and 4 or 5 of Silver The Portugueses envious of the great Fortune Cayero might make by accepting that Offer threatned to discover him to the King of Brama if he consented 7. The King of Martavam surprized at this refusal and seeing Seixas took his leave to fly the Danger that threatned the City gave him a pair of Bracelets excusing the smallness of the Gift and they were afterwards sold to the Governour of Narsinga for 80000 Ducats Then he resolved to fire the City and sallying with those few Men he had left die honourably among his Enemies But that night an Officer with 4000 Men dedeserted to the Enemy and discovered the Design The King thus betrayed Capitulated with the Enemy for his own and the Lives of his Wife and Children and leave to end his Days in Retirement This and more was granted easily because the Conquerour designed to perform no part of the Promise 8. From the City Gate to the King of Brama's Tent was a league distance all which way was a Lane of many thousand Musketiers of sundry Nations and next the Gate were posted the Portugueses The first came out was the Queen in a Chair her two Daughters and two Sons in two others About them 40 beautiful Ladies led by as many ancient ones encompassed with Talegrepos a sort of Religious Men among them habited like our Capuchins who prayed and comforted them Then came the King guarded by his Enemies seated on a small She-Elephant cloathed in black Velvet his Head Beard and Eye-brows shaved and a Rope about his Neck which moved even the Enemy to compassion 9. The unfortunate King seeing the Portugueses would not stir one foot till they were removed from that Post and that done went on Being come before the King of Brama he cast himself at his Feet but not being able to speak for Grief the Raolim of Mounay Talaypor Chief Priest of those Gentiles and esteemed a Saint made an Harangue in his behalf of force to have moved to Compassion any other but that obdurate King The miserable King his Queen Children and Ladies were secured The two following days were spent in removing the Treasure at which 1000 Men laboured and it amounted to 100 Millions of Gold The third day the Army had liberty to plunder which lasted four days and was valued 12 Millions Next the City was burnt wherein perished by Fire and Sword above 60000 Souls besides as many made Slaves 2000 Temples and 40000 Houses were laid even with the Ground There were in the Town 6000 Pieces of Cannon 100000 Quintals of Pepper and as much of other Spices 10. The morning that followed this Destruction there appeared on a Hill called Beydao 21 Gibbets with a strong Guard of Horse Thither was led the Queen with her Children and Ladies in all making 140 and were all hanged up by the Feet The King and 50 Men of great Quality were cast into the Sea with Stones about their Necks The Army seeing this Barbarity mutinied and the King was in great danger 11. He leaving People to Rebuild the ruined City returned to Pegu with the rest of his Army and among them Iohn Caeyro and his 700 Portugueses Of these four stayed at Martavam one of them was Iohn Falcam who in stead of assisting Fernan Mendez Pinto sent by Peter de Faria Commander of Malaca to confirm the Peace with the murdered King accused him to the Governour of the Town as an Enemy to the King of Brama The Governour seized Pinto's Vessel and in it Goods to the value of 100000 Ducats killed the Master and some others and sent the rest Prisoners to Pegu. This false Dealing was not new in Falcam for he had before forsaken the murdered King after being much honoured by him 12. The King of Brama who thought now to reap the Fruit of his Victories in Peace was alarmed by him of Siam who attempted to recover the Kingdom of Tangu which had been wrested from him In March 1546 he embarked 900000 Men on 12000 Vessels upon the River Ansedaa and passing out of it into that called Pichau Malacon in April came before the City Proâ—… The King hereof was dead and had left a Son to inherit but 13 Years of Age married to the King of Avaa's Daughter from whom he expected 60000 Men would come to his Assistance This moved the King to press the Siege hoping to gain the City before that Succour could come After 6 days the Queen offered to hold the Crown of him and pay what Tribute he should impose provided he would draw off from the City 13. The King insisted that the Queen should put herself into his hands with all her Treasure but she knowing how perfidious he was resolved to defend herself He gave several Assaults and by the Sword in them and a Plague that raged in the Army lost 80000 Men among which were 500 Portugueses 14. This way of Assault proving so pernicious he raised a Mount which overlooking the Town and being full of Cannon left no place of safety to the besieged but 5000 of them sallying destroyed the Mount killed 15000 of their Enemies carried off 80 Cannons and wounded the King who in a rage slew 2000 Portugueses that were upon the Guard as negligent of their Duty 15. About the end of August Xemin Melatay one of the four principal Men that commanded in the City treacherously gave him entrance and the Place was utterly subverted with Fire and Sword Two thousand Children cut in pieces were served as Food for the Elephants The Queen was publickly whipped and delivered up to the Lust of the Soldiers till she died The young King was tied to her dead Body and cast into the River the same was done with 300 Gentlemen after Stakes were drove through their Bodies 16. The Prince of Avaa marching to the relief of his Sister understood what had happened and meeting the Traytor Xemin that had betrayed her leading a great Power they came to a Battel in which all the Avaa's were slain to 800 having made an incredible slaughter of their Enemies The King
hindred the Lord from visiting him These Lucky beginnings moved Gama to attempt entring the Harbour but meeting some danger he Anchored above the Town which lies in 14 Degrees and half of South Latitude and is encompassed by the Sea the Land about it is low and unhealthy the Houses of Hurdles that of the Lord and the Mosque of Mud Walls the Inhabitants were Strangers and Moors this being between Quiloa which lies above and the Mine of Zofala below it This place was ever much accounted of by our Seamen being a most secure place to Winter in The Natives of the Continent are Black Here came aboard Gama three Ethiopians who as soon as they spied St. Gabriel painted on the Poop sell on their Knees as those who had always preserved Christianity which was preached among thâ—…m in the Primitive times though now with some corruption Vasco de Gama sent other Presents to the Lord and they concluded a Peace which was confirmed on our part by erecting a Cross there by the name of Sâ—… George But the Barbarians having deâ—…lly concluded this Agreement our Men going for Wood fourteen Boats fell upon them pouring in abundance of Arrows but being answered by our Cross-Bows and Guns they never offered to molest us a second time They sailed hence the 11th of March with one Morish Pilot he had hired two but the other fled Bad Weather obliged him to come to an Anchor again at St. Georges Island He took in Water by force of Arms the Blacks opposing it And they encreasing to 2000 he fired some Cannon which killing some the other with the fright fled to the Continent leaving many in our hands 5. The Xeque or Governour at first refused a Pilot he they had being fled but fearing it might be revenged sent another so wicked that he run the Ships among some Islands which were called del Acotado because the Pilot was there severely whipped for this fault This punishment instead of amendment provoked him to another fraud He persuaded Gama to take the Port of Quiloa by telling him there were Christians there but believing our Ships might be destroyed The Currents drove the Ships off and they came to an Anchor at the City Monbaza which is an Island made by a River that falls into the Sea by two Mouths The Buildings like those of Spain the Inhabitants all Moors without any mixture of Christians as the Pilot affirmed Our Commander sent a Present to the King and he deceitfully offered a kind reception This inclined Gama to enter the Port but it being God's Will to deliver him the Ships fell off and our Seamen making some extraordinary cry to bring them about some Moors who were aboard thought they were discovered taking this for a signal of Battle they all leaped overboard which undeceived the Commander who sailing on and chasing two Boats he took one with 13 Moors By them he was informed that not far off was the City Melinde and there several Vessels from India 6. Melinde is seated on the plainest of a Rocky Coast encompassed with Orchards Palm-trees and Woods of Fruit-trees the Buildings great and sightly the Country as well stored with Cattle as Fruit the Natives Pagans of Colour Swarthy of Body Strong the Women are counted beautiful from the Waste downwards they wear Silks and Cottons on the Head Veils with Gold-Laces Most of the Merchants who trade here are of Guzarat who in return of their Spice carry Gold Ivory Amber and Wax The King is a Mahometan and is served with State and Splendor Gama gave him an account of his Voyage by a Souldier and how he stood in need of a Pilot. Some Presents and Complements having passed between them they met on the Sea where the King was pleased above all with thâ—… gift of the 13 Moors not long before taken The Portugues feared the Moors kindness was deceitful but it proved otherwise for the effect of this interview was a lasting Peace faithfully observed by the Portugueses and Moors Here Gama discoursed with some Merchants of Cambaya who aboard his Ship were seen to worship an Image of our Lady which shewed there were yet among them some foot-steps of the Preaching of St. Thomas the Apostle He carried with him Melemo Cana of Guzarat finding him so expert in Navigation that being shewn an Astrolabe he took little notice of it as one who was used to more considerable Instruments With this Able Pilot Gama set forwards having first erected a Cross which he called of the Holy Ghost and crossing that great Gulph of 700 Leagues in twenty two days anchored 2 Leagues below Calecut 7. Whilst our Discoverers rejoice at their arrival in India let us give a general description of it referring the particulars to the arrival of our Ships in those parts The Region properly called India is that which lies between the two noble Rivers Indus or the West and Ganges on the East Of the first it takes Name as does the most Ancient Kingdom of Delhi the best and most powerful of this Country Hence the Persians call it Indostan On the South it is all girt by the vast Ocean Encompassed by those Rivers it makes a sort of Peninsula almost in the form of a Lozenge or Rhombus of equal Sides but not equal Angles The two most distant opposite Angles lie North and South the latter is made by Cape Comori the other towards the Fountains of the Rivers which though distant in the Mountains called by Ptolomy Imao yet running down the Rivers come almost to meet The distance between these Angles in a streight Line is about 400 Leagues The other two opposite Angles which lie East and West and are distant 300 Leagues are formed by the Mouths of the Rivers They encompass as much Land on their two sides as does the Ocean on the other two Though all this Country be inhabited by Heathens and Mahometans yet they differ in their Opinions and Customs as they are divided into several Kingdoms as Multan Delli Cospetir Bengala Orixa Mando Chitor and Guzarat commonly called Cambaya The Kingdom of Decan is divided into many Sovereignties with Character of Kings with that of Pale divided between both That of Bisnagat to whom are subject many Petty Princes and all the Province of Malabar divided into small Territories some absolute some subject to those already named Had not Nature set Bounds to Human Ambition separating these Countries with vast Rivers Mountains Lakes Woods and Deserts inhabited by sundry and innumerable Wild Beasts they had all doubtless been under the Command of one Lord. The most remarkable Bounder of this vast Continent is a long Ridge of Hills which the Natives call Gate that is Mountains they run about 200 Leagues from North to South on both sides between the Sea and the Hill run two long but narrow Plains for about 80 Leagues that on the West is called Malabar on the shoar whereof is seated the City Calicut It was then inhabited by Pagans
anchor 8 Leagues below it in a Bay whence spreading his Fleet that no Ship might escape him he took several but was most severe with those of Calicut A Ship of great bulk called Meri belonging to the Sultan of Cayre most richly laden and full of many Moors of Quality who went Pilgrims to Meca fell so unexpectedly into our hands that she was taken without the least resistance and all the Goods shifted into our Ships But when 260 Moors perceived we were going to force the Vessel in which besides them were above 50 Women and Children laying hold of what Weapons were at hand they beat the Boats from the sides a Ship coming to her assistance was almost taken till another relieved it and the Admiral coming up the Enemies Vessel was boarded and after a couragious resistance taken and burnt with all that were in her except twenty Children who were afterwards baptized 4. The Admiral sailed to Cananor and had a meeting with the King upon the Shoar and Persons were appointed to confer about the business of Trade Then he sent a Letter to the King of Calicut signifying to him that the 260 Moors burnt in the Ship were upon account for the Portugueses killed by his People and the twenty Children made Christians for one Portugues turned Mahometan That this was but the earnest of revenge he would soon take upon his City Mean while they differed at Cananor about the Price of Spice and at last some few men were left there to agree the matter and many Threats sent the King for this usage Then he set forward to perform what he had promised at Calicut 5. As he coasted along there met him a Boat and in it four Noblemen sent by Zamori with offers extorted by fear Don Vasco thought they might be advantagious but resenting that the Proposal was to rest content with the dustruction of almost 300 Moors and a rich Ship in satisfaction for the loss of the Portugueses he returned answer that at his arrival he would burn and destroy the City The Fleet spread and took one Ship at anchor and some Boats The King prepared himself but to no purpose for the Cannon playing there was great distraction and confusion He hanged thirty Moors at the Yard Arms then cutting off their Heads Hands and Feet threw them into the Sea to be cast upon the Shoar by the Tide warning them it was but a merciful death to what he designed for the Murderers of the Portugueses Next the Ship taken was fired and then he sailed leaving that Prince and City in a Consternation 6. The King of Cananor through fear granted all he had denied to Entreaties And the Admiral arriving at Cochin and having seen the King perceived it was true as he had been informed that those three Kings had combined to make him winter there by fraud hoping thereby to destroy him finding a Fleet of 200 Sail they had fitted out for that purpose was utterly lost by Storms At length Peace and Amity was concluded with the King of Cochin which proved not only advantagious then but afterwards durable Don Vasco among other Presents gave him a Crown of Gold and he besides many other things of value sent the King a Stone of great worth as being a Sovereign Antidote against all Poyson This Stone of the bigness of a Hazle Nut is found in the Head of that Creature the Indians call Bulgodalf The King of Cananor understanding the good Correspondence there was between Vasco de Gama and him of Cochin and fearing our Fleet would not return to his Port declared he was as ready to comply with the Admiral as the other and received a satisfactory answer Here Don Vasco received Embassadors who said they came from some Christian Inhabitants of that Neighbouring Country the Metropolis whereof was Cranganor and they to the number of 30000 That St. Thomas had preached to their Forefathers that they were subject to the Patriarch of Armenia that they were infested by the Pagans that they knew he was an Officer of the most Catholick King of Europe to whom they submitted themselves delivering into his hands the Rod of Justice This Rod was Red about the length of a Scepter the ends tipt with Silver with three Bells at the top They were dispatched with hopes of a powerful assistance 7. Whilst the Ships were lading at Cochin a Bramen of Note with his Son and Nephew offered himself to Don Vasco signifying a desire of coming to Portugal to be instructed in the Faith and proposing methods of reconciliation with the King of Calicut He found credit because his Son and Nephew were to remain as Hostages and the Admiral sailed for Calicut in a great Ship accompanied by only one Caravel hoping to meet Vincent Sodre who was gon to set the Embassadors ashore But he being attacked by the Moors though he worsted them was gone to Cananor The Bremen was landed and carrying several Messages back and forward gave time for fitting 100 Paros or great Boats which suddenly one morning hemmed in the Admiral so boldly that many offered to board him with Fireworks to burn the Ship It began to take fire when cutting the Cable she put off the Fireship and the Boats to avoid it were discovered but much more by our Cannon which being at good distance took effect Sodre receiving advice by the Caravel the Admiral had sent when first he missed him came in good season and all together charged the Enemy in such manner they were put to flight with great loss The Hostages were hanged at the Yard Arms in sight of the City and then put into a Boat with a Letter for the King desiring him to accept of that Present in return for his Messengers contrivance The Admiral returned to Cochin and being dispatched left there in a wooden House built for that purpose with the King's leave a Factor and 32 Portugueses Then sailed with his ten Ships for Cananor not far from Pandarane there met him twenty nine of the King of Calicut He sent out three Vessels to engage the two foremost of the Enemies which was performed with such vigour that when the Admiral came up the two were taken the rest fled 300 Moors killed The Booty was considerable the chief thing an Idol of Gold weighing 30 pound of monstrous shape his Eyes were two Emrauds on his Breast was a very large Ruby and part of him covered with a Cloak of Gold set with Jewels Sodre was left there to guard the Coast and Factories the Admiral continued his Voyage He arrived at Lisbon with nine Ships richly laden and with publick pomp carried the Tribute he with much honour had received of Quiloa whereof the King ordered to be made a Custodium of Gold for the Church of our Lady of Bethlehem and gave all his share of such Prizes as should be taken to the use of that Structure CHAP. VII Conquests under King Emanuel from the Year 1503 till the Year 1505. 1.
a while in a Plain before the Pallace Which being then attacked though well defended was entred the Moors flying to the Mountains Our men now possessed of the Pallance fell to plundering without shame or sense of honour and with as much disorder as if they had been on the Shoar and their Enemy destroyed The Enemy now reinforced returned and falling upon our disordered men put all into great confusion killing many under their Burdens and doing great harm though Vasco de Sylveyra signalized himself killing two of thier Chiefs whom they call Caymales In the mean time Albuquerque had entred the City and fired it and having nothing to divert him marched to see what Coutinno had done He found all about the Pallace thronged with Armed Men and that Coutinno was within in eminent danger Finding it best to hinder the Enemies from pressing upon him he sent him word he waited his coming Coutinno answered not till the third Message and then returned that Albuquerque might march and he would follow being busie in gathering his men who were dispersed about the House Albuquerque marched and the Enemy pressed him doing much damage till News was brought Coutinno's life was in great danger He endeavoured to return to his relief but was hindred by the multitude of the Enemy who slew many of his men and wounded him with a Dart in the Throat and a Stone in the Head and in such manner that he was carried sensless to the Shoar By this time Coutinno and many more were slain in the Pallace and several on the way being oppressed by the multitude and spent with the labour and heat and stifled with the great Dust. Doubtless they had all perished if Iames Mendez Vasconcellos and Simon de Andrade whom Albuquerque left in the City with 2000 men had not stopt the fury of the Enemies and obliged them to retire There hapned as great a contest about being the last on Shoar as had been about landing first not considering all their misfortune had proceeded from that foolish dispute At last they sailed having lost 80 men among them many of Note whereof Coutinno was one Albuquerque being come to himself gave out several Orders at Sea and dispatched the Trading Ships homeward-bound and when arrived at Cochin made preparations for a third attempt upon the Island Ormuz While he is employed about this Business we will give some account of what was done by two of the Captains spoken of in the beginning of the third Chapter which could not conveniently be inserted before 2. One of these two Captains was Duarte de Lemos who after a Storm arrived at the place called Medones de Oro thence he went to Madagascar or the Island of St. Laurence and thence to Mozambique where the rest of his Squadron joyned him George de Aguiar being lost he took upon him the Command of the Coast of Ethiopia and Arabia given him by the King that Government being then divided into three Parts From Mozambique he sailed to Melinde then set out to visit some Islands of that Coast that had neglected to pay the usual Tribute to Quiloa since it was taken Monfia submitted immediately Zanzibar made resistance but they were drove to the Mountains and the Town plundered At Pemba hapned the same the Inhabitants flying to Monbaza leaving nothing in their Houses but some little plunder was taken in a Fort whether the Xeque had conveyed such things as he had not time to secure otherwise Lemos gave the necessary Orders at Melinde particularly in relation to the Factory for the Trade of Zofala Hence he set out with seven Sail for the Coast of Arabia one Vessel Commanded by Gregory de Quadra insensibly was separated from the rest in the Night on the Coast of Magadoxa and carried by the Current to the Mouth of the Red Sea where the City Zeila is seated and was there taken Lemos resolved to take a view of Ormuz and managed the Towns of that Coast more with cunning than force The same at Ormuz where he received of the King and Coje Atar the 15000 Xeraphens imposed on them as Tribute by Albuquerque and was well treated Hence he sent to India Vasco de Sylveyra who was killed at Calicut Then he sailed to Zocotora and gave the Command of that Fort to Peter Ferreira sending to India Don Antonio de Noronha who took a Rich Ship of the Moors which being manned by some Portugueses was cast away in a Storm between Dabul and Goa and the men made Prisoners His own Ship was stranded in the Bay of Cambaya where he and some others endeavouring to escape in the Boat were all lost about 30 that remained in the Ship were taken by the Moors and sent to the King of Cambaya Lemos on his return to Melinde took a Vessel richly laden The Winter being passed he returned to Zocotora and found there Francis Pantoja who came from India with Provisions and had taken a rich Ship of Cambaya the great wealth whereof he shared with Lemos his men saying they had right to it as being taken in the Precincts of his Government A rare example of Bounty Lemos finding himself unprovided for other undertakings sailed to India and was received by Albuquerque with great Pomp and Civility 3. The other of the two Captains mentioned was Iames Lopez de Siqueira who was entrusted with the discovery of the Island of Madagascar and Malaca In the Island St. Laurence he arrived in the Port of St. Sebastian He run along the Coast making use of a Portugues as Interpreter who had been left there and forced by necessity to learn the Language He spoke with a King called Diaman and was by him civilly treated but had no intelligence of any Spice or Silver the great end of his Voyage Having had much trouble and no profit he sailed to India Don Francisco then Viceroy received him well and to assist in the discovery of Malaca gave him another Ship Commanded by Garcia de Sousa He passed by Pedir and that King sent him some Presents and made him great Offers The same the King of Paçem in both places he erected Crosses At last he anchored in the Port of Malaca and terrified the Coast with the thundring of his Cannon so that all the People running to the Ships and Vessels in the Harbour shewed the apprehension they had of their new Guest A Boat came to Lopez his Ship to enquire who they were he answered there was an Embassador from the King of Portugal who came to propose such things as might be advantagious to that City There came back a Message from the King in doubtful language such as is usual when the designs are pernicious for some forreign Merchants Enemies to the Portugueses had persuaded him and his Favourite Bandara with the Powerful Argument of Rich Presents to destroy Iames Lopez The third day Lopez sent Hierom Teixeyra with a handsome Retinue as Embassador who was well received on the Shoar and placed upon
of his Ships lays D. Paul's Galliot on Board the others did the like to the other three whereof two shamefully fled the third stood by it till he was sunk Now all the Enemies force fell upon D. Paul who with fifty Men he had did things behond belief killing above two hundred Mores but with the loss of thirty Portugueses D. Paul was so wounded he was forc'd to sit down and gave order to make to the Enemy who was drawn off Canatale who was preparing to fall on again seeing the Galliot beyond Expectation make at him stood away D. Paul return'd to God being in no condition to reach Cananor 5. There our Men were much streightned by the number of the Enemies who were Masters of the Field Andrew de Sousa made a good resistance till he dying and D. Antony de Noronna succeeding him with the relief he carried in several reâ—…counters they kill'd above Two thousand Mores and cut down Forty thousand Palm-trees This is the greatest harm can be done that People because those Trees are their princiâ—…l Sustenance The City enrag'd hereat â—…ll'd together all the Neighbourhood to the number of Ninety Thousand to take Revenge They had the boldness to assault and scale thâ—… Forâ—… with such confidence of carrying it that they had before-hand divided the Booty Nicâ—…aripo a Nayre did us great Service advising D. Payo de Noronna then commanding there to put the Men and Riches of the Town as not tenable into the Fort. All was drawn in except D. Antony de Noronnâ—… and his Men who said he would live and die by those Walls and staid accordingly The Men all prepared themselves for Death and stood at their Arms all the last night 6. By break of day the Enemy attack'd the Works with great crys and above Two thousand of them entred the City In one place Emanuel Travaâ—…s with Thirty Men did great Execution upon them D. Antony appear'd in all Parts Thomas de Sousa Gasper de Brito and the two Betancores made great slaughter at their Posts The Field was so cover'd that never a Bullet was lost The Enemy began to give back when two Cazices brought them on again The assault lasted till Sun-setting then the Enemy retired to their Camp with a resolution to protract the Siege About Five thousand of them were kill'd 7. At this time came Gonâ—…la Pereyra with his Fleet and was a great encouragement to them all and after him Alvaro Paez de 〈◊〉 to succeed D. Payo They both prosecuted the War and utterly destroyed the City of Aderrajao who commanded at the Siege and cut down a great Wood of Palm-trees with considerable slaughter to the Enemy and without losing one Man This was the end of that Siege CHAP. II. Continues the Government of D. Anton. de Noronna 1. THE Tyrant Raju disturb'd the Peace of Ceylen resolving to make himself Master of the whole Island He gather'd a numerous Army and the better to surprize the Portugueses in Columbo gave out his design was upon Cota He encamped between the two Forts and alarming Cota imagin'd they were unprovided at Columbo and suddenly attacques it by Night so that above Two thousand Men mounted the Walls but were as soon thrown down by the Commander Iames de Ataide and his Men. The Assault was renew'd but at length the Enemy having lost Five hundred Men retired Raju resolv'd to carry both places by Famine since he could not by force At Cota he attempted to drain the Ditch by turning away the River and had compassed it had not Peter de Ataide with some Musqueteers oblig'd his Workmen to give over killing Three hundred of them It is said a Cloud miraculously hung between our Men and the Enemy which conceal'd the former from the latter but not them from us so that they fired at a Mark without being seen 2. But now Provisions began to fail in Cota and they fed on things loathsom Ataide thinking to take some of the Enemies Elephants that were in a Wood hard by sallied out with Eighty Men but being over-power'd with a multitude was forc'd to retire having lost two Raju knowing how famine raged had corrupted not only the Natives but some Portugueses Luis Carvallo rather through Dispair than good Will discover'd the Treason and Ataide without taking notice he knew it gain'd the Hearts of the Conspirators by favouring and cherishing them The little Silver he had he coin'd and distributed among them 3. George de Melo commanding in the Island Manâ—…r easily perswaded the King of Candea as being an Enemy to Raju to invade his Country now he was absent thinking by that means to draw him from the Siege He sent Five thousand Men and with them Thirty â—…gueses commanded by Belchior de Sousa they destroyed all as they went and â—…tterly faâ—…ed the great City Chilao yet Raju 〈◊〉 stir'd On the contrary he prepar'd 〈◊〉 Assault Cota by Night A Chingala Woman appear'd at the foot of the Bastion Preaâ—… desiring to be carried to our Captain 〈◊〉 discover'd to him Raju's design and 〈◊〉 the saving of the City Some believed 〈◊〉 Woman was an Angel the truth is she was Mistress to one of our Souldiers and â—…ing her Lover's danger made this discoâ—… There is nothing so â—…d but at someâ—… does good 4. Peâ—… de Ataide sent Antony de Silvâ—… to 〈◊〉 to order Iames as soon as he hearâ—… Câ—…on 〈◊〉 at Night to sally with his Men and fall upon the back of Raju's Army that would be then busie in the Assault George de Melo was already come thither from Manar with One hundred Men seeing the Project of Candea take no effect In the dead of Night the Enemy attacks the City on all hands and finds those of Cota ready to receive him Yet killing some of the Defendants they enter the Works in one place thither the King and Peter hast and with incredible bravery drive them out again Stephen Gouzales Captain of the Innamos with Seven Men did the like upon the like occasion 5. At this time came from Columbo the other Ataide and Melo who by reason of the darkness of the Night could do no more but fire the Enemy's Camp and return to their Fort lest if he succeeded here he should immediately attack it Raju in Person with the Flower of his Army attacks the Bastion of Preacota where he found Fifty Soldiers that seem'd to him to be Fifty thousand by the harm they did him These Men afterwards declared That they saw in the Air a beautiful Woman who with her Vail cover'd them and received therein the Enemies Bullets and Arrows whereof many returned upon and kill'd them By her side was a venerable old Man with a General 's Staff in his hand This was supposed to be the Blessed Virgin and St. Ioseph Raju in the Morning seeing this great disappointment fled to Ceytavaca leaveing above Two thousand Men dead 6. Peter de Ataide fearing he might return and being quite destitute of
want of them in Portugal and he trusted those that remained were sufficient for the work he had in hand So the Ships set sail 11. Hitherto the Portugueses did much more harm than they received having killed many of the Enemy and among them some of Note and lost no number nor any person considerable only some were dangerously wounded D. Francis de Sylva being wounded with a Cannon Ball so that his Guts hung out continued encouraging his Men holding them up with his hand Peter Homem de Silva losing much Blood at three Musket Shots he had received and being perswaded to go off said It could be no matter of moment since he felt it not Our Vessels did good Service and the Enemies were not idle carrying their men from one place to another Our men had the boldness often to land and attack the Enemy in their Posts and still brought away Prisoners the heads of those they killed Colours and Arms. D. George de Meneses Barroche in his Vessels and D. Peter de Castro by Land with 200 Portugueses made such a slaughter that the Viceroy to animate the City and show them what was done abroad sent them two Carts loaded with Heads Gaspar Diaz and his Brother Lancelot running up the Country one night a League and half with 80 men burnt two Villages and many Farm Houses and brought away many Prisoners heads of the â—…in and of Cattle 12 Another time these two Brothers with 130 men attack the Quarters of Cogergan and Rumergan and making a great havock destroyed all they had provided in order to pass over into the Island of Iohn Lopez In this Action Francis de Cunna Coutino Servant to the Viceroy going alone before the rest came so close up to 500 Mores that he threw two Granadoes among them which did some execution and retired without hurt The Enemy admired the smallness of our number and greatness of our Actions but was more surprized when he heard that in the heat of all this fury the Viceroy had order'd D. Iames de Meneses who came from the Coast of Malabar with his Squadron to return thither and D. Ferdinand de Vasconcelos to go with four Gallies and two small Vessels to destroy the City Dabul to show Hidalcan whose it was how little account he made of all his Power D. Ferdinand burnt there two great Ships of Meca and many small Vessels then landing fired some Villages and had done the same to the City had not his own Captains opposed it 13. He returned to Goa and attacking the Quarters of Angoscan a principal Man among the Enemy three Miles distant from the Viceroy entred them with great slaughter But his Men with the success falling into Disorder the Enemy rallied and fell upon them killing some the rest fled leaving their Captain who weakned with loss of Blood and tired with the weight of his Arms could not get into a Boat but fought in the Water till he fell down dead His Ensign Augustin Fernandez died honourably with his Colours in the left hand which he bravely defended with the right Forty were killed their Heads with the Colours were carried to Hidalcan The Viceroy immediately sent Barroche with 100 Men more to burn D. Ferdinand's Vessel taken by the Enemy which he performed bringing away the Cannon that was left in it by the Enemy believing no Body durst come where it lay CHAP. VIII Continues the Siege of Goa and Government of D. Luis de Ataide 1. AT this time Zamori made Proposals of Peace to the Viceroy either to amuse him while he went upon other designs pursuant to the Articles of the League or else hoping to gain some advantage in that pressing Conjuncture The Viceroy gave him to understand he would not yield the least point for fear and continued firm in this resolution notwithstanding Hidalcan had prevailed with the Queen of Guarcopa to declare War at Onor That Prince was astonished to see him send relief thither when he thought there was not force to supply Goa The Viceroy at this time also relieved Marramaque at the Malucos and Francis Barreto at Mocambique 2. The grand design of Hidalcan was to get over into the Island in order to it his General Norican began to lay a Bridge over the River with a vast number of Workmen The Viceroy falling upon them made a great havock There was a Report that Hidalcan designed to pass over to the Island in Person and carnestly desired a fine Horse the Viceroy had for which he had before offered a great Sum of Mony The Viceroy sent it him for a present assuring nothing should be more pleasing than to see him come over to Goa Hidalcan accepted of the Horse and caused him to lie upon silk Quilts under Canopies of Cloath of Gold to be covered with embroidered Dammask and his Trappings to be adorned with massy Gold and his Provender was mixed with Preserves and other Dainties The Horse enjoyed it not long being killed by a Cannon-Ball At this time such a violent Storm of Rain fell that most Posts were abandoned the Viceroy desired to take a Standard that was left in one a French Gunner with only one Man went over in a Boat to fetch it and were both killed 3. It was now the beginning of March and the Siege had lasted two Months without abating any thing of the Fury Many of our Buildings were ruined by the Enemies Cannon many of them killed by ours Antony Cabral run up the River Chapora with four Vessels and landing fifty Men burnt four Villages and above fifty Sail bringing away some Booty D. Paul de Lima with forty Men did as much at Rachol The Viceroy laying hold of a Rope at the Pass of Benastarim to draw a Cannon others refusing for fear of the many Bullets that flew one hit him upon the Arm and only pierced the sleeve without doing him any harm Afterwards being in the Church of Santiago the Roof of it was beat down and hung over his head Emanuel de Sousa Coutinno stepped up to save him by receiving the Blow but he acknowledging the Kindness reproved the Action 4. The Viceroy used all possible means to have Intelligence from the Enemies Camp He bribed some Renagado Portugueses that served there but what is more he corrupted Hidalcan's most beloved Wife and by her means knew the King's secret Thoughts which he could not conceal from her 5. Hidalcan now began to consider the damage done by so few Men to so numerous an Army that now the Portugueses increased in strength by the arrival of several Squadrons that had been abroad among which Iames de Meneses returned victorious from Achem and Luis de Melo de Silva from Malabar He desired Peace but was loath to propose it The Viceroy who knew his Thoughts ordered it so that a Treaty was in a manner set on foot so that no body could discern who was the Author of it Yet at length Hidalcan stooped to make the
not given him and he came away for Portugal where that was his Justification for not taking upon him that Command but was not esteemed an Offence to deprive Moniz of the Government as it was with less reason in the Case of D. Antony whereby it appears the Will of Ministers of State makes the Crimes or Merit of such as depend on them 3. This Year passed without any thing remarkable and about the end of it arriv'd six Ships from Portugal They carried an Order for Trying and Executing D. George do Castro for delivering up the Fort of 〈◊〉 to Zamori He was taken into Custody and with him his Wife Donna Felipa who tho' really guilty of the Crime was not liable to undergo the Punishment He suffer'd for her and all that were in fault having his Head cut off upon a Scaffold in the Market Place of Goa and it was observ'd that others who were as much to blame as he did not only escape unpunish'd but were rewarded and it is yet more remarkable that a Year after a Commission was sent from Portugal for D. George de Castro to serve in another Post. 4. Scarce did India begin to breath after so many Troubles and particularly Malaca when the Queen of Iapara sent to Besiege it her General Quiaidaman with 15000 chosen Natives of Iava in almost 80 great Galleons and above 220 smaller Vessels Tristan Vaz de Vega was come back thither from Sunda after the late Victory By common Consent and with much Justice he was chose Commander of that Place D. Francis Enriquez his Predecessor being dead He gave Advice of the danger to the Governor Antony Moniz and he to all the neighbouring Places promising to requite whatever they should do in order to relieve the Besieged whereby such Succours came into them on a sudden as put them into a good posture of Defence 5. Mean while Moniz demanded of the Chamber of Goa to lend him 20000 Pardaos to fit out a Fleet and finding them backward offer'd his Son Duarte Moniz a Boy of eight Years of age as a Pledge the Chamber gave the Money and took the Pledge 6. Whilst this Fleet was fitting out the General of Iava began to act in the same manner the Ring of 〈◊〉 had done attacking Iller and D. Antony de Castro coming with only ten Men to defend it was killed as Bandara had been the last Siege The whole Army landed and lodged themselves â—…ound the Town Vega sent Iohn Pereyra and Martin Ferreyra with 150 men to beat the Enemy from a Post they killed 70 of them levelled their Works and brought off seven Pieces of Cannon Pereyra afterwards burnt above 30 of their Galleons and some great Engines they had framed to attack a Bastion Ferdinand Perez de Andrade a dâ—… Bernardin de Silva burnt their Palisades In all these Actions we lost 15 or 20 meâ—… The River being thus cleared Pereyra with our Vessels besieges the Besiegers and at In takes the Provisions that were coming to them whereupon in great Consternation they Imbarqued and went off by night Pâ—…reyra pursues and cuts off their Rear Almost half the 15000 perished by Fire Sword and Sickness during the Siege which lasted three months and the pursuit of three hours 7. The King of Achem and Queen of Iâ—…para took it by turns for when he left the Port she came in and he now comes in 〈◊〉 she goes out He came now with 40 Gallies some Ships Galliots and other Vessels to the number of 100 with a great Train of Artillery Tristan Vaz order'd Iohn Pereyâ—… in a Galley Bernardin de Silvâ—… in a Caravel and Ferdinand de Pallâ—…res in a Ship with each 40 Men to go out to guard the Provisions that were coming and whereof the City was in great want the Enemy falls upon them and in an instant beat all three to pieces 75 Men perish'd by Fire Sword and Water 40 were taken and only five sav'd themselves by swimming the three Captains fought to their last breath Iohn Pereyra promised sâ—… to do to one who seeing all lost offered hiâ—… a Boat in which he might have escaped Only 150 men remained in Malaca to defend it and of these 100 were sick and aged Want of Men and Ammunition caused them to be very still in the City The Enemy not knowing the Cause imagined they had some cunning Stratagem in hand and in a panick Fear raised the Siege when they might have carried the Town contenting themselves with their success against the three Captains They came into the Port in the beginning of Ianuary and went out about the latter end 8. The Priests Women and Children had cried loud with sighs and tears imploring the Mercy of God which at length they obtain'd Next to God the City was saved by Tristan Vaz de Vega's Courage being ready upon all Occasions and by his liberality having spent above 20000 Ducats wherewith he has purchased a never-dying Honour The Succours the Governour sent came too late 9. D. Iohn de Costa Admiral of the Malabar Seas cruized there victorious with two Gallies and 24 other Vessels He fell upon the Town of Gaipar near Braçalor then in Rebellion kill'd 1500 of the Inhabitants burnt the Town and cut down the Woods Thus the King of Tolar grown haughty was humbled In the River of Chale he destroyed an Island belonging to Zamori Above that his City of Parapangulem could not escape its Ruin The Heir of the Crown coming to the Relief of it was killed with 200 Moors At Capâ—…cate 300 were â—…ain with the loss of two on our side At Mount Delii the Town of Nilachiram was consumed to Ashes Between these Actions several Vessels were taken which supplied the Galleys with Slaves and the Fleet with Provisions 10. Let us now see our Dominion in the Molucos drawing to an end New Commanders were still sent to ruin all by their Avarice with strength to maintain the Fort D. Alvaro de Ataide was now there and Nanno Pereyra under Sail to succeed him The King of Ternate continued the Seige and the place was almost famished It looked as if God had undertaken the Revenge of his Father's Death and assisted him to starve that Garrison for no Succor was sent thither but perished Of all Marramaque his Squâ—…dron not the least Vessel return'd to Goa four Ships that went with Antony de Valadares and Lacerda were cast away in several places and he got thither alone and after him Francis de Lima with a Galliot These were comforts to the Besieged but no perfect Cure The King of Ujantana our Friend supplied the Enemy with Arms. Sancho de Vasconcelos coming from Amboina to succor the Besieged to small effect found a Galleon of his loaded with them in the Port and a Portugues Ship at Banda in danger of falling into the hands of those People For seeing the decay of ouâ—… Affairs on that side every one strove to hasten our Ruin Belchior Botello going
him in hand till the time came he must go to Cochin This Artifice was soon disappointed for he Landed with Twelve hundred Men in two Battalions the Command of one he gave to Ferdinand de Sousa and Tavora and ordered Twenty light Vessels to go up the River and attack the City by Sea The Governour marching through a Wood was met by a Body of Musqueteers Our Men made no halt but drove them before to the Gates and entred with them not without great opposition the Queen her self with much Bravery encouraging her Men. A Portugues Souldier being beset by Two hundred of the Enemy bravely defended himself till another envious of that Honour came up to him and both Back to Back kept their Ground at length a Party of our Men fell upon the Enemy and with great slaughter of them rescued the two 8. It was Night when our Men possessed themselves of the City In the Morning they not only plundered the Portugueses that were there but falling out about the Booty had such a Battle among themselves that all were hurt and none enriched The Enemy who perceived this from a Hill pours in a shower of Arrows the Governour Orders all to march to Revenge it but those who are grieved by the lessening their Pay Answer That the Gentlemen who are Rich may march for they only came to make up by Plunder what they are unjustly deprived of Garcia de Sa went out with a sew Lances and after some Retreats reciprocally on both sides almost all the Portugueses were put to shameful flight running to their Ships in such haste that some were drowned 9. The Governour hearing this run to them with Reproaches crying out He did not know them and thought they were not the same he left two years before in India This seemed a Reflection upon his Predecessor but they with as loud Voices undeceived him Answering That the Men were the same but the Governour was not that this was the fruit of lessening their Pay to give Gratuities to those who knew better how to beg than deserve them He retired to the Ships and resolved the next day to burn the City and destroy the Country The City run with the Blood of all Living Creatures of both Sexes and all Ages before it was burnt then the Country was laid waste and all the Woods cut down This caused such a general Terrour that whereas before throughout India it was commonly said Beware of Batecala they afterwards changed it to Beware of Martin Alfonso The Queen no longer able to resist submitted and purchased Peace with a heavier Subjection for generally they draw on themselves a greater burden who proudly throw off that they have 10. Martin Alfonso abhorred that so many Men quitting the Service turned Merchants to prevent this and considering the vast Frauds of the Custom-House at Malaca he sent new Orders thither He lowered the Customs of Strangers to invite them to Trade there and raised them to the Portugueses to lessen their desire of Trading thither The first succeeded well for the Customs after that amounted to much more than before The second took no effect Much of the same nature was what he did at Ormuz and therefore we will mention it in this place That King was in Arrears for Tribute Five hundred thousand Ducats which he refused not to pay but was not able for from Twelve thousand that Albuquerque at first imposed on him it was raised to almost One hundred thousand so that the King from a Tributary was become a Slave not having a competent Maintenance left him Martin Alfonso finding he was not able to pay the Debt proposed to him to make over the Customs for payment He to be rid of Oppression submitted and as before he was a King without a Revenue now he had some he seemed no King for the Custom-House is the support of that Crown No doubt it was a Judgment for the Wickednesses of the Portugueses in taking from that King what was his due that the Persians whose it had been should take it from them The oppressed King making Virtue of Necessity resigned his Crown with Praises of him that took it from him for the Instrument began with these vain Preambles I command all to obey this Supream Instrument that it may be understood that between me and my Lord meaning King Iohn the Third who in greatness reaches to Heaven and has Power over all the circumference of the Earth and in Grandeur is equal to the King of China Great King of Iustice as if any Justice were now done him Greatest of all Kings in the World Key of the Treasure that is on Earth that is Vertue and Nobility of whom is learnt the Wisdom of Reigning brightness of the Sea of Kingdoms c. Could any man wronged flatter him that injured him more It is certain He who gave the Praises deserved them better than he that received them CHAP. XII Continues the Government of Martin Alfonso de Sousa 1. ABout the End of this Year arrived in India four Ships from Portugal another came out with them but was put back At the same time D. George Commander of Ternate was at Variance with the Spaniards who under Ruy Lopez de Villalobos had invaded the Portugues Bounds Villalobos was at Zagala a Town of Camafo inhabited by Renegado Christians and from thence held Correspondence with the King of Gilolo D. George protested against him for intruding into what he had no right to according to the late Capitulations He sometimes Answered He was forced thither by Storm Otherwhiles That he was within the Limits of Spain D. George sent Iayme Lobo with 50 Men in two Galiots believing this a sufficient Force because the Spaniards were spent with Misfortunes He had Orders to assist Geliato de Gomo Conora who besieged a Fort of his own that was in Rebellion Iamye went to Momoya where he gathered many of the Natives then Christians and passed over in Parao's which Landing they took up and carried about half a League to a Lake there launched them again anâ—… wasted over to the Fort Geliato besieged The Enemy seeing the Portugues Relief offered to Capitulate but the Portuguess covetous of Plunder refused The Morning appearing they could not Land but man by man and that in several places which the besieged perceiving fell upon those who were ashoar and with considerable damage forced them back to their Vessels The Enemy had Hooks hanging at their Arms one stuck in the Face of a Souldier which drew him along till another came and with his Dagger cut it out D. Geâ—…rge sent 30 Men to the Relief of these who found near the Lake three Portugueses set upon Poles Iayme returns to the Fort which the besieged abandoned and it was dismantled 2. Being able to do nothing against the Spaniards he returned to Ternate Villalobos went over to Gilolo was well received by the King fortified himself and sent a Messenger to D. George to tell him He
of them D. Alvaro the Governours Son sent with Supplies seemed to sail in opposition to the Seas and Winds through Storms almost incredible Yet they all arrived at Baçaim and Antony Moniz Barreto with 8 Gentlemen got first into Diu who though so few by their Bravery were no small comfort to the besieged One of these called Michael Darnide a Man of prodigious Strength Barreto refusing to take him into his Boat leaped into the Water with his Musquet in his Mouth and swam after him so he was obliged to take him up 6. Next came Luis de Melo Mendoça with nine Men then D. George and D. Duarte de Meneses with seventeen after them D. Antony de Ataide and Francis Guillerme with fifty each and lastly Ruy Freyre Factor of Chaul with Twenty four All together fell upon the Enemy then possessed of some of our Works and among them the Bastion Santiago The Dispute was hot yet the Enemy set up their Colours on the Walls Antony Moniz Barreto made good his Post with only two Souldiers and was going to quench his Flames in the Water but one of the two who was in the same condition detained him and both did things worthy admiration Antony Correa sallied out with Twenty Men to discover the Enemy and saw Twelve Moors sitting about a Fire he exhorted his Men to fall upon them but they seeing him go on fled however he went on thinking to take one that might give Intelligence He fell on and behaved himself bravely yet he was taken and carried to Rumecan who Examined him about the posture the Fort was in which being then very miserable he represented so powerful as drove him into despair and moved him to cause the unfortunate Prisoner to be dragged through the Streets and his Head cut off which was set upon a Pole next day in sight of the Fort. 7. The Enemy had now lost Five thousand Men the Besieged Two hundred and had not so many more left and not above half them able to do Duty when D. Alvaro arrives with the Supplies which consisted of Four hundred Men and a sufficient quantity of Ammunition having by the way taken a Ship of Cambaya richly laden The Joy of this Relief was soon allayed for the Souldiers that came with D. Alvaro fearing the Mines proposed to meet the Enemy in open Field But the Governour prudently refusing they broke out into open Mutiny in contempt of all Military Discipline scarce known or at least not respected by the Portugues Nation D. Iohn seeing himself in danger of perishing in the Fort by his own Men chose rather to dye in the Field among the Enemies He sallied with almost Five hundred Men in three Bodies At one heat they gained the Enemies advanced Post forcing them to retire to their Works Those who insolently forced their Commander to this Extravagancy stood heartless at the Foot of the Trenches seeing others mount who had said less D. Iohn seeing them in this posture cried out Whether it was thus they had promised to fight Where was now that Boldness that obliged him to come into the Field Where the Threats that they would fight the Enemy without him Behold your Commander you accused of Cowardize calls you to the danger And who is there follows me of those that would have led me hither Within the Walls you were fierce and now in the Field timorous Your Courage suits with your Tongues for those who said much always acted little They ashamed to be thus justly upbraided took Heart and mounted The whole Army came down upon them and the Portugueses having done wonders were forced to retire in disorder This was the time the Enemy had possessed himself of the Fort had not Mascarenas with his Prudence and Valour prevented Mojatecan who with Five thousand attempted to enter and was valiantly opposed by Luis de Sousa in St. Thomas's Bulwark Threescore Men were lost in this Action D. Alvaro de Castro was mortally Wounded in the Head This was the fruit of that insolent Disobedience 8. The Moors had taken the Cannon of the Bastion Santiago when Vasco de Cuna and Luis de Almeyda brought a fresh Relief The latter immediately went out with Payo Rodriguez and Peter Alfonso in three Caravels and as soon returned with two great Ships of Meca and some other Vessels whose Loading was worth Fifty thousand Ducats At the Yard-Arms hung many Moors whose Heads were then cut off as was the Captains who was a Janizary and offered Three thousand Ducats for his Ransom CHAP. III. Continues the Siege of Diu the Governour D. John de Castro comes in Person to its Relief 1. NOw begins the Month of November and the Siege had lasted eight Months when the Governour D. Iohn de Castro covers the Sea with a great Fleet of all sorts of Vessels for the Relief of Diu. All Goa admired the Constancy wherewith he received the News of the Death of his Son D. Fernando for though he highly resented it he dissembled his Grief and dressing himself gayer than ordinary went in Procession to give God Thanks That Diu was still in the possession of the Portugueses and then went to a publick Feast which is an Imitation of a Fight wherein they use Canes instead of Lances 2. The Fleet consisted of above Ninety Sail besides three of the Ships that then came from Portugal and several Gentlemen that came in them went in other Vessels 3. The Governour being come to Baçaim waited the coming up of the Vessels that were scattered and the mean while sent D. Emanuel de Lima to scour the Coast. On the Coast of Damam he took several Ships and cutting the Moors that were in them in pieces threw them into the Mouths of the Rivers that the Tide carrying them up they might strike a Terrour in all that Coast. Entring the River of Suratt after a vigorous Resistance made he destroyed all that belonged to the Town called Of the Ethiopians The same was done at the City Ansote not far distant without sparing Beauty the finest Women of the Bramens and Baneans being slaughtered So in other Neighbouring Towns and then D. Emanuel withdrew leaving an Universal Terrour all along that Shoar 4. The Fleet appearing in the Sea of Diu the Enemy stood amazed though they had just then received a supply of Five thousand fresh Men sent by the King The Governour went privately into the Fort and afterwards Landed his Men. He proposed in Council Whether it was fit presently to march out and fight the Enemy The Question was debated till the Experienced Garcia de Sa put an end to it saying They â—…ught to fight They marched in this order D. Iohn Mascarenas Commander of the Fort led the Van consisting of Five hundred Men D. Alvaro led as many Don Emanuel de Lima the like number The Governour led the rest which were One thousand and a Body of Indians Among the Men were some Portugues Women in mens Cloaths to assist the
this last left about Four hundred of his Men on that Shoar and in his Long-Boat got to Goa These Four hundred who were left built a small Vessel and arrived at Cochim In the other Ships went the Bishop D. Belchior Carnero a Jesuit and some other Religious Men sent by the Pope to the Emperour of Ethiopia D. Alvaro de Silveyra was now made Admiral of a Fleet of 21 Sail provided for the Sea of Calicut and against the Queen of Olala who refused to pay her Tribute He over-run all those Coasts with Fire and Sword destroying many Towns and Ships and all things that stood in the way particularly the City Mangalor and a sumptuous Pagod Zamori sensible of his Losses desired Peace which was concluded Silveyra returned Victorious 6. Let us return to Ceylon Tribuli Pandar having made his Escape as was related out of Prison fled to Balande Madune subtilly exasperates him against the Portugueses and sent him Six hundred Chingala's with whom and his other Men he was so succesful that he reduced the Towns of Paneture Caleture Maça Berberi Gale and Beligam to the last Extremities destroying our Churches and killing many Christians Converted by the Religious of St. Francis who first Preached there Now comes Alfonso Pereyra de Laçerda to take upon him this Command Madune who before had assisted Pandar now offers to aid Laçerda against him He accepts the Offer The King sent his Son Raju by the way of Caleture with an Army Laçerda sent Ruy Pereyra with Two hundred Men and Antony de Spinola with One hundred two other ways to assault the City Palandu where Tribuli was They beset the Town at one time and after a vigorous Resistance the Portugueses entred it the King fled his Wife was taken and many of his Men killed The Portugueses returned Victorious and Madune obtained one of the Ends he had proposed to himself which were either That the Portugueses should destroy Pandar or he them 7. The beginning of this Year sailed Iohn Peixoto with two Galleys for the Red-Sea to discover what was doing at Suez He found all quiet and being loath to return without doing something he Landed before Day in the Island Suanquem with the King whereof we were at Variance It being a dead time of Night he found all asleep and might say as a Prince who killed a Man that was sleeping that he left those Islanders as he found them for many were killed before they awaked others after The same fate befell the King in his Palace Peixoto returned to his Galliots carrying Slaves and Booty without receiving the least damage Next day keeping along the Coast he destroyed several Towns and returned to Goa having purchased as much Honour with two small Vessels as others with many He brought away F. Gonçalo Rodriguez whom he found at Arquico much dissatisfied that he had not prevailed with the Emperour of Ethiopia to admit of the Rites of the Church 8. The King of Baçora oppressed by the Turks made now the same Offers to the Governour he had done before to the Vice-Roy D. Alfonso de Noronha in case he would assist him to throw off the Turkish Yoak The Conditions were admitted and neither this time did it succeed for D. Alvaro de Silveyra going upon this Design with twenty Sail met not with the success he had the year before against the Malabars A terrible Storm so disabled him in that Port that he was not in a condition to attempt any thing a second time Michael Rodriguez Coutino prospered better going to the Lands of Salsete and Bardes against some Parties of Hidalcan who sought Revenge for our favouring Meale All the Sea-Ports were destroyed with Fire and Sword and many Ships perished He killed and took many Prisoners and returned with Honour and Riches to Goa The chief of the Booty was a great Ship of Meca taken at Dabul after a sharp engagement for there were Two hundred Moors in her who killed eight of our Men. 9. This Misfortune the more enraged Hidalcan and to mend it he sends a numerous Army into those same Lands The Governour set out with a strong Body to oppose him The War lasted all the Winter without any Action worthy relating In September arrived four Ships from Portugal in them went Ferdinand de Sousa and Castellobranco Embassadour to the Emperour of Ethiopia and F. Iohn Nunes Barreto Patriarch of that stubborn People His Companion was the Bishop Andrew de Oviedo who did nothing because the Emperour could not be reduced to change his Old Rites With these came to India F. Gonçalo de Sileyra to be Provincial he afterwards received the Crown of Martyrdom in Monomotapa All this shall be related in its proper place 10. The Governour set out to Visit our Forts in the North with a Fleet consisting of One hundred and fifty Sail of all sorts He gained the Mountain and Fort Azarim for a small purchase by the means of Coje Mahomet a Trusty Moor living at Bazaim This Mountain is not far from the City and rises very upright for the space of a League a little below the Top it is girt with a sort of Border standing out which renders it almost inaccessible the rest being very difficult of ascent It is kept by Threescore Men who need no other Arms to defend them but the Stones that lye there which rolled down the Passes must carry before them all that is in the way The Garrison lives upon the Top which is plain and almost round They light themselves with sticks of Wood that grow there and burns like a Torch with that odds that they cannot be quenched by Wind or Water 11. Antony Moniz Barreto was sent to take possession of this place he left there a Captain and 60 Portugueses and went on to take the Fort of Manora not far distant which the Inhabitants abandoned he left there George Manhans with 120 Men and returned to Bazaim where he found the Governour receiving an Embassy from the King of Cinde who desired Succour against a Tyrant that infested him We were desirous of this Prince's Friendship and thought fit to purchase it by Relieving him Seven hundred Men were sent to him in Twenty eight Vessels all Commanded by Peter Barreto Rolim 12. The Fleet arrived safe at Tatá the Court of the King of Cinde The Prince who was there visited Barreto and sent word of his Arrival to his Father who was absent in the Field He Answered desiring our Commander to wait till he Advised what was fit to be done Barreto stayed and soon after hearing the King was agreed with his Enemy without giving him notice he asked of the Prince leave to depart and that he would pay the Charge of the Fleet as was promised by the Embassadour The Answer was so little to satisfaction that Barreto landed his Men entred the City and in the Fury killed above Eight thousand Persons and destroyed by Fire the value of above two Millions of
Gold after loading the Vessels with one of the richest Booties that had been taken in Asia He lost not one Man in this Action He spent eight days destroying all on both sides Indus The Fort of Bandel made some Resistance but being taken was demolished 13. Gaspar de Monterroyo a Souldier of Note going accidentally into a Wood met some Blacks who bid him go no farther for hard-by there was a Serpent had just then devoured a Bullock He desiring to see such a Monster as they described went on till he discovered the Head which was of a wonderful bigness and not satisfied came so near as to touch it with the Point of his Sword and the Monster lifted up its Head and he gave it such a fortunate stroak on a soft place that it soon after died It was thirty Foot long and proportionable in bigness Barreto returned thus Victorious over Men and Monsters to Chaul There he found Orders to go to Dabul where he would find Antony Pereyra Brandam Admiral of that Coast. They were to joyn in order to destroy that City in part of Revenge for the damage Hidalcan did us Being joyned they attacked the City and though vigorously defended it was taken and wholly reduced to a heap of Rubbish Then they did the same to all the Villages upon the shoar of that River CHAP. XIII The End of the Government of Francis Barreto 1. HIdalcan's General Nazer Maluco entred the Lands of Salsete and Bardes with 2000 Horse and 18000 Foot The Governour with 3000 Portugueses 1000 Canara's and 200 Horse met him in the Fields of Ponda having then but 17000 Men and a Mountain on his back He furiously attacked put him to flight and returned victorious to Goa D. Peter de Meneses who Commanded the Fort of Rachol did what he could which was not much because the Enemy was too numerous Iohn Peixoto vigorously opposed Moratecan in the Lands of Bardes A Renegado Portugues who had fortified himself doing him much harm he assaulted and routed him twice killing 200 of his Men and 〈◊〉 Captain Nazer Maluco intrenched himself again at Ponda 2. Five Ships arrived now from Portugal three of them were Cast-away in their Return home one at Tierra del Natal another at the Island St. Thomas and the third at Madagascar The arrival of these Ships and some damage we had done Hidalcan obliged him to conclude a Peace which we sued for yet was not dishonourable 3. D. Duarte Deça Commander of Ternate was not idle He was harsh and covetous so easily falling out with the King he Unchristian-like Imprisoned him his Mother and Brother Cachil Guzarate using them very unworthily and to compleat his Cruelty ordered they should have nothing to eat Publick Complaints obliged him to consent the Hospital of Misericordia should maintain them and his desire of killing them made him so base as to poison their Water which was discovered by a Stone the King had in a Ring The Ternatenses took Arms and called in the Tidores so that the Fort was in great danger 4. D. Duarte having received Relief ventured to fight at Sea with as good success as if Justice had been on his side But the Portugueses themselves no longer able to endure his Obstinacy put him into Custody and discharged the Prisoners which put an end to that Discord No Man would take upon him the Command of the Fort till Antony Pereyra Brandam was forced by the People to accept of it in Trust till the Governour disposed of it Whilst some Portugueses in the Maluco's by their Actions appeared most barbarous Heathens some Infidels became Christians a thing to be admired having such ill Examples before them The King of the Island Bacham was converted by F. Antony Vaz a Jesuit 5. The War continued at Goa A Moor with Five hundred Men waded over the Ford of Zacorla in the Island Choram and surprizing those few Portugueses that were in it gained some advantage till others coming in from several Parts drove them headlong into the Water where many of them were drowned The Governour hearing of this marched to their Relief and sent before George Mendoça Commander of the City with some Gentlemen who behaved themselves well and brought many Heads of Moors to the Governour All was kept quiet afterwards by D. Francis Mascarenhas who was left in the Island with 300 Men. 6. The Governour desiring to secure the Promontory of Chaul asked leave of the King Nizamuxa to fortifie it He not only refused it but secured the Messenger and sent 30000 Men who began to build an impregnable Fort there The Governour sent Alvaro Perez de Sotomayor with some Ships to keep the Mouth of the Port till he came which was soon after He brought 4000 Portugueses besides Natives The Enemy better advised proposed a Peace which was concluded to our content on Condition the Work of the Fort should not advance The Governour returned home A Miracle was seen here which was That the Moors could never cut down or remove with force of Elephants a small Wooden-Cross that was fixed upon a Stone 7. The Governour having setled Affairs at Goa was wholly employed in fitting out a mighty Fleet against the King of Achem who is the only Terrour of Malaca In a few Months he provided 25 Galleons 10 Gallies and 80 Galliots all so well furnished it renewed the hopes of fixing our Empire in India But all this Industry falls to nothing for now a new Governour comes and the New ones never prosecute the designs of the Old However this Force was well employed though not as our Governour designed 8. Francis Barreto brought to Lisbon a Jewel wrought by the hand of Nature A Portugues Souldier on the Coast of the Island Ceylon met a Iogue that is a sort of Penitent Heathen who among other things had picked up a brown Pebble of the shape and bigness of an Egg on which were represented the Heavens in several Colours and in the midst of them the Image of our Blessed Lady with our Saviour in her Arms. The Souldier gave him some small thing for this Stone and afterwards it came to the hands of Francis Barreto who presented it to Queen Catherine and by virtue of it God wrought several Miracles in India and Portugal 9. Francis Barreto was a couragious discreet and generous Gentleman and such a Governour as India now mourns for He afterwards returned as Governour and Conquerour of the Empire of Monomotopa where he died as shall be seen in its proper place He had a stately Presence his Complexion tawny and black Hair He Governed three years was the 19th Governour and second of the Name CHAP. XIV The Government of the Vice-Roy D. Constantine de Braganza from the Year 1558 till 1561 in the Reign of King SEBASTIAN 1. ABout the End of the Government of Francis Barreto died King Iohn the Third In him ended the good Fortune of Portugal as did that of India in the Vice-Roy
against him the twenty sixth of December It is not much that Lope Vaz should rejoice but strange that Mascarenas should not be at all concerned He embarqued in one of the Ships that came this year for Portugal was well received by the King who gave him the Command of Azamor in Africk on his return from thence he was lost at Sea 7. As soon as Lope Vaz was quietly settled in his Government he dispatched Commanders to some Forts and among them Peter de Faria to Malaca Antony de Miranda de Azevedo was sent with a Fleet to burn the Turkish Gallies that were left at Camaran after the death of Raez Soliman Martin Alfonso de Melo Iusarte went to build a Fort at Sunda with eight large Ships and four hundred Men. He touched at Columbo in the Island Ceylon where Pate Marcar of Calicut oppressed the King of Cota our Ally but hearing of these Ships he fled up the Rivers and Madune Pandar the King's Brother who joined with his Enemy and pretended to the greatest part of the Kingdom raised his Siege Martin Alfonso went thence rich having taken some Ships of the Moors and agreed at Calecare with the Lord about the price of Pearls whereof there is a Fishery Further on he destroyed the Town of Core because the Inhabitants had killed Iohn de Flores who guarded that Fishery 8. Going on his Voyage a sudden and fierce storm drove all his company out of sight and set him upon a Bank of Sand near the Island Nagamale opposite to the City Sodoe He went into the Long-boat with fifty Men and with great difficulty came to the City Chacuria in the Kingdom of Bengala the Lord whereof after making use of them against his Enemy made them all Slaves Hence they were carried to Sore where two of his Captains arriving thought to have stoln them away by night but were discovered and disappointed The Indians had made a Vow to sacrifice to their Idols the handsomest Portuguese they should take they judged one Gonzalo Vaz de Melo to be such and accordingly sacrificed him notwithstanding his Uncle Martin Alfonso promised a great ransom for him The others were afterwards redeemed by a Moor for three thousand Ducats 9. One of the Captains Lope Vaz had sent out was D. Iohn Deca to scour the Sea of Calicut He behaved himself bravely in several Rencounters and took this year fifty Prizes laden with all sorts of Goods He burnt the Town of Mangalor and meeting afterwards the Fleet of Calicut consisting of seventy Paraos well equipped under the Command of the Chinese Captain Cutiale he fought them took Cutiale and most of the Vessels killed fifteen hundred Moors and had almost as many Prisoners In these Rencounters he lost twenty Portugueses 10. Antony de Miranda de Azevedo sailed the latter end of Ianuary for the Red Sea with twenty Ships and above a thousand Men. After taking some Prizes he met in the Mouth of that Sea Henry de Macedo engaged with a great Turkish Gallion They boarded him and the Turks threw a burning Dart which stuck in the main Sheet and began to fire it but a strong Gust of Wind shaking the Sail cast it back into the Turkish Gallion where falling among the Powder it blew all up so that only eight Men escaped and those escaped only the Fire not the Sword being killed as they swam Antony de Sylva took a great Ship of Diu and killed all the Men. D. Antony de Miranda fought another two days and she got off Several Captains had other Rencounters The chief Design which was fighting the Turks in the Red Sea at the Island Camaran took no effect the Winds being contrary They burnt the City Zeylan the Inhabitants having saved themselves and Goods by flight 11. They went thence to Ormuz and next to Diu and were dispersed by a storm Lâ—…pe de Mesquita met a great Ship wherein were 200 resolute Moors and boarded her with thirty Men no sooner were they in her but his Gallion fell off Being left thus they furiously fell upon the two hundred kill most of them and take the Ship which being much battered by the Gallion was sinking Mesquita with all speed sends his Brother Iames with sixteen Men in the Long-boat to save the Mony taken in the Ship and return for those that were behind Those who thought to escape fell into the greatest danger for not reaching the Gallion they were taken by the Fleet of Diu and carried to the King of Cambaya who would force them to turn Moors but they remained constant The King in a rage caused Iames de Mesquita to be put into a Cannon in order to be blown in pieces but admiring the resolution with which he entred was appeased and spared him They were all put into Prison and afterwards released Lope de Mesquita the Gallion and Antony de Miranda met at Chaul Antony de Macedo came with his Ship so battered it was almost a miracle he escaped and his Face so monstrous no body knew him that caused by the Cannon the latter by Fire having been beset by fifty Barks and three Galliots off of Diu. He fought them a whole day and was reduced to only six Men and a Woman who supplied them with Powder till accidentally Antony de Silva came up with him and the Enemies Commander being killed they fled 12. The Moors had improved our Divisions to do us much harm Lope Vaz prepared to be revenged He left Antony de Miranda to command at Goa and went to Cochin where he fitted out eighteen Ships At Cananor met him one hundred and thirty Paraos of Malabars He could not attack them with the great Ships by reason of the contrary Wind. But resolving not to slip the opportunity advanced with thirteen Paraos against the hundred and thirty He came up with and did them much harm with his Cannon and they spared not theirs but seeing two Paraos come out of Cananor to the relief of the thirteen and the great Ships spread their Sails to come up they fled eighteen of them were sunk twenty two taken and in them fifty pieces of Cannon eight hundred killed and many Prisoners made Those that fled and others who joined them fell into the snare near Cochin 13. Lope Vaz set out again with the same Fleet in search of Arel Lord of Porca who was seeking revenge for what had happened between him and D. Enrique at the destruction of Coulete Lope Vaz scoured the Coast as he went Simon de Melo who commanded the Brigantines burnt twenty six Ships and razed the Town of Chatua The Fire ran 〈◊〉 far as Cranganor He ordered the Fleet that was there to follow him that all might share in the plunder of Porca which he thought secure He had a thousand Men with him and with them he assaulted the City Arel was not within it and the Moors fought couragiously in defence of their Wives Children and Goods But the greatest part being
sparing their Labour that in twenty six days it was in a posture of Defence the Wall being nine Foot broad with Bulwarks Towers a Church a House for the Commander and Store-houses The Command of it was given to Iames Pereyra who had forwarded the Work with two hundred and fifty Men and to secure it by Sea Manuel de Sousa with twenty two Ships The King of Calicut repenting he had given leave for that Work made War upon the Kings of Chale Caramanlii and Tanor at the same time making Overtures to draw them to break with the Portugueses but to no effect 19. About the end of February Emanuel de Vasconcellos set out for the Red Sea with two Galliots and some Brigantines At Xael with the loss of one Man he took some Turkish Vessels laden and among them a great Ship called Cufturca which was sent Mascate The King of Xael fearful of some danger made his Peace with Submission and Presents After Vasconcelos came thither Antony de Saldania with ten Ships and the King seeing he would not allow of the submission he made to Vasconelos began to secure himself sending out of the Town all the Riches Women and Children which were seen from the Ships crossing the Mountain upon Camels But the Weather obliged Saldana to leave that Sea 20. He sailed to Mascate thence to the Coast of Diu seven or eight Ships of that City came out and engaged him he took three and stranded the rest The same happened to a Turkish Gallion that was in Port and endeavoured to flie A storm rising there dispersed most of the Brigantines Saldana had three Gallions with him and they suffered Hunger and Thirst when the Sea driving them towards the Bar twenty seven Ships of the Enemy that watched the opportunity fell upon them but drew off without any considerable Action He dispatched two Vessels to view Pate on which he had some Design they meeting a rich Ship bound for Diu after a very sharp Engagement took her The Ship had only in Gold Coin above sixty thousand Venetian Chequins Sailing to Goa with Prizes worth above two hundred thousand Ducats he met short of Chaul Iames de Silveyra to whom he delivered the Vessels the Governor ordered At this time arrived four Ships that sailed from Portugal the beginning of this year Antony de Saldana returned home with them 21. Iames de Silveyra sailing to Patam twelve Leagues from Diu plundered and burnt that City with four Ships in the Harbour The very same was done to Pate and Mangalor This was no new thing in Iames Silveyra for he had before the same success at Bandora Tana and other Towns and on the Coast of Diu at Castelete Tolaja and Madrefabat by which means he came to Goa with above four thousand Slaves and an infinite Booty having killed a great number and spread an universal Terror 22. All this encouraged Nuno de Cuna to streighten Diu and the King of Cambaya that he might be obliged to consent to the raising a Fort in that City And because the Growth of Bacaim might be an Obstacle to our Designs he resolved to destroy it Thither he went with a Fleet of above one hundred and fifty Sail three thousand Portugueses and two hundred Canaras Melique Tocam Lord of Diu was then fortifying the City and hearing of the Power that was preparing against it put in a Garrison of above twelve thousand Men. Nuno divided his Men into three parts to give the Attack the Landing was dangerous and the Enemy so numerous it seemed a rashness to go on but our Men despising all danger the Enemy fled first to the Fort and then to the Mountain six hundred of them being killed of ours only eight or nine Here were taken above four hundred Pieces of Cannon and much Ammunition The Country about was all ravaged and the Fort razed After this Victory the Governor sent Emanuel de Albuquerque with twelve Vessels and three hundred Men to destroy the Fort of Damam but he not able to effect it burnt all the Towns from Baçaim to Tarapor and bringing under Tribute Tana Bandora Mais and Bombaim then retired to Chaul with much Riches and many Vessels taken in those Rivers Iames de Silveyra who sailed from Baçaim with four Gallions and fifteen Brigantines bound for the Red Sea took off Cape Guardafu a rich Vessel Vasco Perez about Zocotora took a yet richer Turkish Ship most of her Men being slain and near Cape Fartaque another Iames Silveyra afterwards burnt two at Aden and did a very generous Action which was thus He discovered a very rich Ship of Gidda which spying him lay by and her Captain coming aboard shewed him a Letter from a Portuguese who was Prisoner in that City which the Moor thought to be a secure Pass being given him as such Silveyra opened and found in it these Words I beseech such of the King of Portugal 's Captains as shall meet this Ship to make prize of her for she belongs to a very wicked Moor. Silveyra perceiving how the Moor was imposed upon took no notice of the Deceit but discharged him chusing rather to lose the Riches of that Ship than bring into question the Sincerity of the Portugueses At the latter end of April he returned to Goa 23. At the same time arrived in India six Ships from Portugal a seventh perished by the way These Ships brought new Orders that the Commanders of Forts should be sworn by the Governor-General by which it appears they were till then independent of them Nuno de Cuna had always his thought fixed upon Diu when Melique Tocam Lord of that City desired him to send a fit person with whom he might treat about an Affair of Importance to the King of Portugal's Service He then was apprehensive of his own King It was therefore thought he would for his own security deliver up the Town to us This was the intent but Vasco de Cuna a Gentleman of parts being sent and having done all that could be expected in it returned without concluding any thing but not without hopes 24. At the same time Tristan de Ga at Cambaya pressed that King to consent to the raising a Fort at Diu. The Result was that the King would have a Conference with Nuno de Cuna and his Design was rather to kill him than grant the Fort. Nuno went thither with an hundred Sail in which were two thousand Portugueses The King was already at Diu when the Governor arrived and delayed the Interview desiring he would send him some of his principal Captains for that he desired to see them They went richly cloathed and were splendidly received Discoursing Emanuel de Macedo took the liberty tho in a respectful manner to tell the King That he justly admired he would take the Command of that City from Melique Tocam his Subject who had served him well and was Son of one who had done so before to give it to Mustapha now called Rumi
Insect to death The other two sorts are the Resbuti who are good Soldiers formerly the chief of this Kingdom They acknowledge one God and three persons and worship the Blessed Virgin a Doctrine preserved from the time of the Apostles The last are Mahometans called Lauteas that is Natives who embraced that Sect and those who came to conquer the Countrey The common people are very ingenious in Mechanicks in Works of Silk Gold Ivory Mother of Pearl Tortoise-shell Crystal Ebony and other things of Delight They follow the Rules of Pithagoras killing no Creature but rather buy all tho venemous from those who take them and set them loose again They entertain men whose only Business it is to look about the Towns and Fields for Beasts that are sick which they cure with great care in Hospitals erected for that purpose Notwithstanding all this Beastly Charity they have none that may be called human for they will not reach their Hand to assist any person in the greatest necessity 2. In the year 1292 and according to the Mahometan Account 700 the Pagan Galacama was in quiet possession of this Kingdom and disturbed it to deprive his Brother of the Kingdom of Champanel left him by his Father Galacarna employed two Brothers as Generals upon his Frontiers Madana one of them had the most beautiful Woman of that Country to Wife She was of the Race of Padaminii who are affirmed besides their comely Shape to have so sweet a Scent in their Skin that they communicate it to their Cloaths which makes them esteemed above all o others With much reason for it is a wonder to find a Woman that has a good smell Yet not impossible They say there are scarce any of these Women in this Kingdom but many in Orixa There is no mischief without a Woman even where they have an ill favour how much more where one smelt well The King in love with this Wife of Madana tried all means to gain her but she being chaste which was doubtless the sweet Smell acquainted her Husband and Brother who joining with Xiath Nosaradim King of Delhi on whom the Covetousness of that Kingdom prevailed they wasted the Kingdom of Cambaya till Galacarna was at last slain in Battel Nosaradim lest Habedxiath his General to conquer the Remainder He rewarded the two Brothers who brought him to this Conquest and retured home having made the Kings of Mandou and Chitor tributary Nosaradim soon after being killed by his Nephew Civil Wars ensued and several Governors revolting called themselves Kings as did Habedxiath to whom Moors succeeded Thus 3. The year 1330 Hamet the Mahomemetan Tartar who lived in the City Cambaya with the assistance of Arabs Persians Greeks and Rumes or Turks usurped great part of this Kingdom then possessed by Desingue Rao What he had tyrannically gained he prudently maintained Ale Cham succeeded him and had forty Sons and three of them were Kings The first Peruxiath who succeeded him the second Azeide Cham who by his Wife got the Kingdom of Mandou and the third Ale Cham who with his Wife had the Kingdom of Agimar bordering on that of Chitor Peruxiath followed his Father's Example in securing his Government and built the City Diu in memory of a Victory gained over a Chinese Fleet. Sultan Mahomet his Son succeeded him and reigned at the time that D. Vasco de Gama discovered India he left the Crown to his Son Madafor as worthy of it for his Actions as Birth Not to his Son Scander Cham who gave occasion to his Subjects to kill him and set up his youngest Brother Mahomet Cham. But the second Brother Latisa Cham to whom of right the Crown belonged made War but without success and it remained in the third his Name was Badur Cham. 4. Modafar divided the Possession of Melique Az the Lord of Diu among his three Sons This Distribution enraged the King 's own Sons who coveted those â—…ands But chiefly Badur who poisoned his Father by whom he was as much hated as loved by his Mother After this Murder he fled to the King of Chitor and killing one there in the King's presence in a Ball made to entertain him with the assistance of Crementii the Queen he fled to Delhi 5. There he made himself a Calandar or Religious Man to shun the punishment of his Crimes These Calandars go loaded with Iron Chains and feed very hard with this outward rigor they practise privately all sorts of Wickedness and Uncleanness They enter into no Towns but blow a Horn without that people may bring them Alms. Sometimes they go together to the number of two thousand Badur was one of these Hearing of the Distractions of the Kingdom of Cambaya he repaired thither with his Chains in search of the Crown In that manner he entred Cambaya and was proclaimed King by favour of the people who were pleased with those Tokens of Religion His Brother Destaâ—… C ham thought to escape by submitting but he caused his Head to be cut off as a Traitor Then he gave the Cities of Reyner and Surat to two rich Merchants and afterwards overcame in battel his Brother Latisa Cham. He caused Madremaluco to be fley'd alive because he had settled his younger Brother in the Kingdom in hopes to have the Administration of it then with his own Hand beheaded the Brother and two others that reproved that Act. 6. Badur desiring to take off Melique Saca Commander of Diu sent for him upon pretence of Business but he excused himself upon other pretences and so stopped the Execution and being pressed endeavoured to escape with his Riches but being disappointed went off poor and not without danger His Friends at Diu brought thither from Madrefahat his Brothor Melique Tocam Badur the other being fled had like to have killed this but for some Reasons was obliged to pardon him and others but he destroyed many He set out for Champanel the year 1527 where were brought to him sorty French Men and one Stephen Dias Brigas a Portuguese who for some Crimes done in his Country fled into France and came to India Captain of a Ship of that Nation at Diu they were all taken and sent to Badur by whom they were all miserably put to death 7. At Champanel came to Badur Embassadors from Babor Paxiath King of Delhi demanding homage for that Kingdom as part of the Dominion of their Prince Badur at first would have killed them but replyed he would himself carry the Answer and instantly composed an Army of one hundred thousand Men four hundred Elephants and a great Train of Artillery His Design was disappointed being forced to turn himself to Doitabad a great Town taken by Nizamaluco and tho he recovered it it was with great loss some by the Weather as being Winter and some by a Shower of Stones as big as Oranges At Champanel he found certain Men of the Kingdom of the Colii who said they came to receive Tribute which he paid by fleying them
visited the King of Borneo offering him liberty to trade at Malaca Borneo is an Island fruitful of Provisions rich in costly Merchandize and produces the finest Diamonds The King is powerful his Religion the Mahometan so his People The City of that Name is large has beautyful Buildings and strong Walls The Island has four principal Ports to which resort Merchants from sundry parts The Offer pleased the King Gonçalo Pereyra arriving at Ternate D. George de Meneses delivered him the Fort and King Cachil Daialo who was there prisoner The Queen his Mother who had fled from her City as was before related hearing of the new Commander sent to put him in mind how kindly the King her Husband had received the Portugueses how ungrateful the Return had been from them who caused his Son and Heir to die in a prison and now kept the other and obliged her their Mother to fly to the Mountains having lost the City where she was born and whereof she was Queen That she demanded Reparation of D. George his Cruelty and Liberty for her Son After some Scruples Gonçalo Pereyra solemnly swore he would set him at liberty as soon as opportunity served whereupon she returned to the City and they agreed as did the King of Tidore being eased of a Tribute imposed by D. George which he was not able to pay There was also an Accommodation with the Spanish Captain Ferdinand de la Torre Thus things were settled as was suitable to the Portugues Reputation 20. Gonçalo Pereyra in pursuance of the Governor's Orders made D. George a prisoner He was carried to Goa thence to Portugal whence he was banished to Brasil and killed by the Heathens there in a Battel After this Gonçalo Pereyra examined the Proceedings of the Portugues Officers of the Revenue and found them guilty of great Frauds They offended at this Discovery conspired with the Queen to kill him which they executed tho he defended himself with Resolution yet most of the Murderers were killed by the other Portugueses who maintained the Fort which was in great danger of being lost and Luis de Andrade kept the Command as Lieutenant 21. Bras Pereyra who commanded by Sea would have succeeded his Kinsman But the Conspirators elected Vincent Fonseca one of their Companions He having promised the Queen her Sons Liberty if she would assist him in obtaining that Post now loaded him with Irons and secured his Brothers and Family She withdrawing into the Country stopped all provisions from coming to the Fort and so obliged him to set her Son free and all was appeased for the present 22. This Quiet lasted not long for the King being near of Age to govern Pate Sarangue who governed for him finding his power expiring conspired with Fonseca to set up Tabarija the King's Bastard Brother who was younger To this effect they began to lay several scandalous Imputations upon the King and Fonseca attempted to secure him which he having notice of fled to the Mountain Fonseca follows pretending he had a Design upon the Fort. The King might have defended himself but forbore in respect to the Portugueses whom he loved He fled with his Mother to Tidore His Enemies set up Tabarija and following to Tidore oblige both Kings to seek security in the Mountains Fonseca was the more inraged against the King for that at his return a Moor had killed his Son and endeavoured to slay Tabarija who escaped and because many obeyed not the Usurper calling him Fonseca's King whereas they might more properly term Fonseca Tabarija's King He sent Pate Sarangue with Forces and subdued all He by treachery catched the Queen Mother and gave her as Wife to Sarangue and the deposed King's Wife to the Usurper The distressed King leaving his Mother and Friends had recourse to the King of Gilolo's Courtesie 23. Now Fonseca sends Blas Pereyra and others prisoners to India The Governor informed of the Insolences committed at Ternate sent Tristant de Altaide to command there who secured Fonseca and sent him to Goa With him went the Spaniards from Gilolo in order to be sent to Spain in the Portugues Ships But the King of Gilolo refusing to surrender the Spaniards Tristan was obliged to go with a power in which the Kings of Ternate Tidore and Bacham joined the City was abandoned and burnt and the Spaniards set at liberty 24. Tristan de Ataide at the instigation of Samarao put Tabarija in prison and set up his younger Brother Cachil Aeiro The King's Mother and Sarangue were also secured and the City became desolate the Natives of it finding no Comfort in their Neighbours who upbraided them for admitting so wicked a People as the Portugueses who since they had footing in this Island were guilty of the most exorbitant Villanies that could be imagined In fine Ataide sent those Prisoners to Goa for the Crimes he was guilty of himself and so Nuno de Cuna judged it taking care to send them back to their Country 25. Now Tristan de Ataide employed his Thoughts on the Profit he designed to make by the Sale of Cloves and ordered it so that the King of Bacham would not consent Tristan in a rage sent his Men armed the King protested he was a faithful Friend to the King of Portugal but they sought Spice for themselves not Friendship for their King So they were convinced by the Sword many killed and the rest were shamefully put to flight Tristan in a greater fury joining with the Kings of Ternate and Tidore forced him of Bacham to abandon his City which was destroyed and to sue for peace which was sold him for a Tribute to be paid in Cloves Yet at the same time this King conspires with those of Gilolo Tidore and the deposed of Ternate and with Samarao to kill Ataide and take the Fort. They began their Design by persuading him to send Ships several ways where he lost many Men and Cachil Daialo the deposed King of Ternate laying hold of the opportunity recovered part of his Kingdom with the assistance of those of Gilolo Tidore Bacham Maquiem and Moutel with whose aid the Ternates slew all the Portugueses about the Island Ataide prepared to take revenge when Simon Sodre arrived from Malaca with a Ship and many Men that brought new life to the desperate Ataide and put him in a posture to recover some places 26. The Moors endeavoured to burn some of our Vessels bringing to execute this design almost three hundred Sail they received some damage but would not desist nor hearken to Ataide who sued for Peace being in the Fort and reduced to eat all sorts of Vermin D. Ferdinand de Monroy a Spanish Gentleman who came from Banda with Provisions delivered him out of this danger This Success was answered by a Misfortune for all the Inhabitants fled from Ternate and the Moors killed some of his Men and took a Ship but now a new Captain comes to the Fort which stood in need of it Tristan de
King Badur at his arrival almost despoiled of his Crown They expected no answer but suddenly Solyman Aga invaded those Lands with almost six thousand Men. They began to hinder the carrying Provisions to Goa D. Iohn Pereyra who then commanded sent to advertise Solymam of the Injustice of his Undertaking but he gave no ear to it and killed some Portugueses not without receiving considerable damage He besieged Christopher de Figueredo in the Fort of Mandor to whose relief came Iordan de Freytas with some Men sent by D. Iohn so the Turk raised the Siege and fled as far as Margam 11. Don Iohn marched at the heels of Freitas and being at Maâ—…dor the Aga sent him word he came not to make war but to receive the Rents of those Lands the Answer was That he should march off within an hour and half Don Iohn followed the Messenger to force the Turk in case he obeyed not but finding he did retired 12. Solyman halted at Ponda from whence he made fresh Instances to D. Iohn to resign those Lands to Hidalcan He answered he acknowledged him not as his Minister and prepared for War He built the Fort of Rachol where some Blood was spilt Solyman endeavouring to obstruct it who lost three thousand Men about Bailim and Singuizar slain by the Gentils assisted by two hundred Portugueses Iordan de Freytas with fifty Men routed the Turk Sarnabose sent by Solyman with five hundred Emanuel Vasconcelos razed a Bulwark the Enemy was making in the Pass of Borii and burnt some Houses Solyman advances as far as Margam Pereyra went to meet him with five hundred Portugueses and seven hundred Canaras The Fight began the Canaras and some Portugueses gave way terrified with strange Fire-works made by a Witch who in Man's Cloaths sought to revenge the Death of her Husband Pereyra seeing this Disorder advanced crying out Let who will follow me for I hope with the help of God to overcome the Enemy All following his Example Solyman quitted the Field having lost eight hundred Men on our side not one was killed The Booty was considerable 13. Mean while Açadacam attempted to recover these same Lands but met no great success for Hidalcam endeavoured thus to divert him while he gained his City of Bilgam where his Riches lay At length they agreed and Açadacam designed again to attempt the Dependences of Goa He proceeded not with Vigor being conscious Nuno had by his advice possessed himself of them and because he had lately received a Message from him after his Return from Diu. Yet in conclusion he marched as far as Ponda with twenty thousand Men. 14. From that place he sent a Letter of Hidalcam to Cuna demanding those Lands The Answer was He held them by consent of Açadacam that if he desired war the Portugueses were not backward and that he could not restore them or raze the Fort of Rachol without his King's Consent Açadacam fearing his Master would take his City acted not much on this side So there happened no considerable Action 15. Now the Answer of Hidalcam was brought containing That since Açadacam was the Cause of his taking those Lands he would stand by what should be agreed between them Both coveâ—…ing the same thing for themselves they came to no agreement Cuna relieved Vasco Fernandez who was in some distress and they put the Enemy to flight Hearing the Enemy appeared now in greater Numbers he sent Don Iohn Pereyra with one hundred and thirty Horse six hundred Portugues Foot and one thousand Canaras commanded by Crisna an honest Pagan They found the Enemy at the Foot of a Mountain and attacked them with such Vigor they presently fled their Commander and many more were slain on our side only four 16. Açadacam after these Losses desired a Conference with Nuno de Cuna but it succeeded not so the Inroads were continued chiefly about Rachol where our Cannon killed some Winter expiring Nuno began to act more vigorously He sent Antony de Silveyra to the Continent with two hundred Canara Horse and seventeen hundred Portugues Foot Antony went three Leagues up the Country making great havock and killing three hundred Moors and two considerable Officers with loss of eight Portugueses Mean while Gonzalo Vaz Coutinho destroyed the Coast of Dabul and thence brought to Goa many Vessels taken and three hundred Prisoners and abundance of Provisions which encreased the Joy of the other Victories and relieved the City distressed for want 17. The Clamours of that ruined People and a Letter from Nuno de Cuna coming to Hidalcan he ordered Açadacam to desist He obeyed not but to justifie his refusal sent him a Present of a stately Horse and Cymiter set with Jewels Hidalcan going to take off a piece of Silk in which the Cymiter was wrapped was hindered by his Mother who caused a Page to unfold it he instantly fell down dead as did two Men who were ordered to mount the Horse Such was the Poison the Present carried Then the Queen looking upon her Son said Behold your Father's Murderer For it was believed he had been poisoned The Governor perceiving that Açadacam did not desist sent Gonzalo Vaz Coutino with thirty Vessels and three hundred Men half Canaras who burnt the Town of Ponda and many Ships and returned with three hundred Prisoners Azadacam in a rage marched towards Rachol and opposite to it began to erect a Fort called Bori to obstruct our Sailing up the River of that Name and notwithstanding our opposition put it into such condition it appeared formidable Nuno de Cuna sent a fresh Supply to hinder this Work and they assaulting it with more courage than conduct four hundred of them were slain and forty taken whereof one appearing naked before Açadacam he took off part of his own Garment to cover him saying The Portugueses were not to be so used This Loss caused the demolishing the Fort of Rachol which the Governor ordered Peter de Faria to execute Nuno de Cuna's presence was required at Diu and he fearing to leave Goa in danger concluded a Peace with Açadacam This was rather a Truce than Peace for neither desisted from his pretensions unless Açadacam did by going away from Ponda 18. Whilst these things were in agitation at Goa the King of Calicut marched to Cranganor upon pretence of visiting those parts as their Emperor but in reality to destroy the Portugueses induced thereto by King Badur Thence he designed to pass to Vaipaim which being suspicious Peter Vaz commanding at Cochin endeavoured to prevent striving withall to avoid affronting him or being faulty in his Duty Having made provision by Sea and Land he desired the King to desist from that Design The King gave no ear to him but sent many Ships to clear the Passage but they failed above a thousand of their Men being slain and much damage received by Vincent de Fonseca's Artillery which guarded that Pass many more flying with precipitation were drowned This happened near the
better to gain the King 's good Will Martin Alfonso sent him a Present but he being suspicious would have killed the Messengers had not some Moors and a Gentil reputed a Saint and to be two hundred years of Age dissuaded him 4. Thirteen who carried the Present and thirty of forty wherewith Alfonso was invited to a Dinner were secured at the same time the former at Gouro and the latter at Chatigam the other ten that were with him were killed in the Fray 5. Nuno de Cuna hearing hereof by those who escaped in the Ships sent Antony de Silva Meneses with three hundred and fifty in nine Vessels to treat of ransoming the Prisoners with the assistance of Coje Sâ—…badim the Author of that Expedition and detained a Ship of his richly laden for security of his fair Proceedings therein Sylva from Chatigam sent the King the Governor's Letter and a Present The Answer being long a coming Sylva thought the King had secured the Messenger and so rashly fell upon and burnt Chatigam and other places As he was spreading Sail the Messenger came with the King's Answer who knowing what Antony had done kept the Prisoners more hardly 6. Necessity obliged him to turn his Severity into Kindness for Xercham a Man of Note with the Mogol disobliged by his Prince deserted to the King of Bengala with his Brother Hedele Cham. Both were put into great Posts Xercham now at the Head of a great Army resolved to revenge upon this King the Death of a Child by him murdered to secure himself the Crown At the same time Omaum the Mogol in revenge of what Xercham had done at Delhi met and defeated him But being apparently reconciled he recovered himself 7. Xercham streightened the King and he advised with Martin Alfonso how to withstand him when Iames Rabelo came to Chatigam sent by Nuno de Cuna with three Vessels to procure Martin's Liberty The King being in distress ordered him to be favourably entertained and to gain assistance from Nuno de Cuna sent him twenty two of the Prisoners Nuno sent nine Vessels Mean while Xercham marched to gain a Pass upon the Fort of Gorii which is where the Ganges enters Bengala By advice of Martin Alfonso the King sent two of his Vessels commanded by two Portugueses with eight others to stop his Passage They stopped him there and he taking another away set down before the City Gouro with forty thousand Horse two hundred thousand Foot and fifteen hundred Elephants Down the River came three hundred Almadies which sailed to the place where the King had eight hundred Paraos to oppose them Here eight Portugueses commanded by Duarte de Brito did wonders in the King's sight to take an Elephant that was swimming and much coveted by the King he was taken with the loss of three of the eight Xercham distressed the City and the King bought a Peace and was content that he from his Army should do him reverence 8. The King being at ease gave liberty to Martin Alfonso and his Men to go for India leaving only five as Hostages for the assistance he expected from the Governor Soon after Xercham returns and enters Gouro by force obliging the King already wounded to abandon the City who died on his way to Omaum the Mogol while Xercham plundered the place It was said Xercham drew off with above sixty millions of Gold value when Omaum came on bringing the dead King with him At this time Vasco Perez de Sampayo arrived with the Succour but acted nothing Omaum finding the City abandoned buried the King and set up in his place his own Brother-in law Mir Mahomet Zaman lately deprived of the Kingdom of Cambaya and soon after of this for Xercham having secured his Treasure with diligence returned to Gouro and made him fly thence 9. Omaum again set out to meet Xercham with one hundred thousand Horse and one hundred and fifty thousand Foot besides the Followers of the Army which were above two hundred thousand They met on the Banks of Ganges near the City Canose Xercham by a stratagem got the day with such a slaughter that Omaum with only twenty five Men never stopped till he came to Labor where his Brother Camiran Mirza received him better than he deserved Mirza being then under Cure of the Poison he had given him Xercham treated Omaum's Women taken in that Battel with great respect and afterwards restored them well convinced of his Modesty and Liberality 10. Omaum finding himself too weak for the Enterprize of Bengala bent his Thoughts against Cambaya and demanding Aid of his principal Subjects was by them disappointed He went into Persia in which King he had great Confidence on account of the Friendship of their Fathers Nor was he deceived for the Persian King received him with Magnificence gave him rich Presents and lastly an Army of twelve thousand Horse And because Sultan Xiath King of Quereman to whom he gave the Command of them excused himself saying It was not for his Reputation to engage where the person of his Prince was not He gave him hâ—… Son and Heir yet in his Nurses Arms and â—…ade him Governor of him So far can a truly royal Bounty extend when it resolves to do good 11. Besides these twelve thousand given by Xiath ten thousand Voluntiers offered themselves to Omaum Who joining his own Forces invested the City Candar where his Broster Astarii Mirza had proclaimed himself King of Mogostam The City taken he gave to the young Prince who possessed it not long but died soon of the Fatigue of the Marches King Sultan Xiath his Governor went to a City where many of the Persian Kings lie buried to inter the Infant leaving all the Men with Omaum for the space of two years under four General Officers These soon left him and returned to Persia where they were disgraced by the King and made incapable of any Post of Honor declaring he could not have wished the young Prince a more glorious death than he had in his Nurses Arms assisting such a Prince as Omaum Xercham raised by Fortune to a formidable pitch having at command four hundred thousand Horse and being courted by all the adjacent Princes aspiring now to greater Undertakings took the City Calijor of the Resbutos with intent to rob the Treasure that was there in a Temple Pointing a Cannon to kill an Elephant belonging to that Temple he killed himself for the Piece bursting tore him and many more to pieces So that Fire turned all his Glory into Smoke Such is the end of Pride 12. At Malaca there were no less Troubles than in these parts D. Paulo de Gama had the Command of this place he to found Alaudim King of Viantana Son to him of Bintam destroyed by Mascarenhas sent Sebastian Vieyra with five Pórtugueses to settle a Friendly Correspondence The King at the instigation of him of Pacem bound and poured boiling Water upon them till they died and then gave them to be
devoured by wild Beasts D. Paulo was not then in a condition to take revenge He sent Emanuel Godino to the Kings of Panda and Pate who concluded a Peace with them whereby Malaca was relieved with Provisions which he of Vjantana cut off on the other side The year 1534 D. Stephen de Gama came and took possession of that Command and repaired the Works Hearing some Vessels of the Enemy were in the River Muar he sent one to discover them he returned pursued by ten sent by Lacxemena who came to the assistance of Vjantana with seventy sent by his Uncle Tuam Gaba Instantly D. Paulo set out with nine Sail. Two Paraos were sent after to their assistance but too late for when they came up a bloody Battel was ended in which almost all our Men were slain having done wonders and made such a slaughter of the Enemy that they durst not take the Ships whose Crew they had killed Only three Men of Note escaped 13. D. Stephen now resolved to destroy the City of Vjantana and set out with twenty six Sail and two hundred and fifty Men. Vjantana is the South East Point of the Coast of Malaca from which forty Leagues distant On the West of it runs into the Sea the deep River Tor on whose Banks was seated King Alaudim's City and three Leagues below it a Fort so well stored with Cannon it could sink any Vessel should attempt the Entrance Here D. Stephen entred with much danger both Banks being covered with armed Men but a party of Musqueteers on each side cleared the Shores The first Attacks of the Fort D. Stephen received damage but afterwards did much more for the space of eight days The Besiegers began to dismay but were encouraged by D. Stephen and Peter Barriga Now the Enemy having received fresh Succour drew out into the Field where such slaughter of them was made that they fled that day in despair to the Fort and the next abandoned it the King escaping with his Women and Treasure The City Tor was plundered and burnt much Cannon and some Vessels taken such as could not be carried perished in the Flames and D. Stephen returned victorious to Malaca where he was received in triumph this being one of the notable Victories till then gained in Asia 14. The King began again Acts of Hostility and D. Stephen returns with four hundred Men. He found the Fort he had destroyed repaired and in it five thousand Men Five hundred of them were killed the first Assault Many Ships were burnt and D. Stephen marched towards the City when the King from the Mountain whither he had retired sent to treat of Peace He was ordered to send Hostages and sent an Uncle of his own with his Wives so D. Stephen returned to Malaca whither four Embassadors followed who concluded the Peace upon these Conditions That the King should send to Malaca all the Cannon that was in his Country that he should build no Ships of War that he should erect no Forts that he should restore all Prisoners and Goods taken that he should not hinder bringing Provisions to Malaca that his Subjects should resort thither to buy and sell. This Peace being sworn to brought great Tranquility to Malaca The year 1537 this Quiet was disturbed by a Commander of Achem who attacked the Bridge with three thousand Men. D. Stephen met him with some Gentlemen and two hundred Soldiers and slew five hundred without the loss of one so the Enemy drew off with shame Soon after he returns with five thousand and retired with the like Disaster 15. D. Stephen had sent Francis de Barros in a Ship with twenty Portugueses to the King of Patane In that Port Tuam Mahomet Admiral of Vjantana fell upon him with forty Sail. The Fight was desperate some Portugueses and many Enemies fell and they parted All advise Barros to save himself ashore most leave him and he stays aboard with only two who at last prevail and firing the Ship they get ashore in the Boat and bring off the Cannon The King received them kindly Henry Mendez de Vasconcelos was sent to bring them back Those of Iava fall upon them both with twenty Calaluzes that carried two Rows of Oars well furnished with Cannon Mendez and Barros were in two Vessels ten Calaluzes attack each one had sixteen the other but few more Portugueses The Fight was very hot some Portugueses fall and Mendez was stun'd with a poisoned Arrow Barros was in danger having but three Men and himself wounded Vasconcelos recovering comes to his aid shatters some takes others of the Calaluzes puts the Remainder to flight and obtains an entire Victory 16. Mean while Tristan de Ataide at Maluco through avarice caused great Troubles He took King Tabarija and sent him prisoner to Nuno de Cuna who endeavoured to remedy these Disorders by sending a very orderly Commander Such was Antony Galvam whose Prudence healed all the Sores made by his Predecessors Having taken possession of the Command he acted with Modesty and Justice without favour or affection The Fort was unprovided of Cannon and Ammunition he furnished all at his own charge and because Timber was wanting for the Works he was always the fitst that went to the Woods and returned loaded 17. All things being settled here Galvam turns to Tidore where eight Kings with a vast number of Men were allied against the Portugueses He sent to sound them and they made a Truce but observed it not and Galvam seeing he had but few Men that those decreased by Famine and 't was too tedious to expect relief from India he resolved upon an Action that was accounted rash He set out in four Ships with onâ—… hundred and seventy Portugueses and fifty Moors Tristan de Ataide was left in the Fort. Galvam was met by 2000 Moors there passed some Blows Soon after appeared three hundred Sail containing above thirty thousand Moors who thought to have terrified Galvam but in vain for he held on his course and they followed him They anchored at Tidore the Shores were covered with multitudes who rent the Air with Shouts The Cannon of the Fort played but the Shot went over the Ships The Fort appeared impregnable but by that it was resolved to begin Galvam scales it with one hundred and twenty Portugueses and as many Slaves as made up in all three hundred The Kings came upon him with fifty thousand Men but he draws into a close Wood. They thought he fled and pursue with hideous Shouts Soon were they turned into Lamentations King Cachil Daialo who led the Enemies Van came another way to fall upon Galvam endeavouring to amuse him till the Body of the Army came up which he perceiving gave the sign to fall on and after a hot Dispute the Enemy fled the King being killed among the first Some of those that fled disordered them that were marching others run to the Fort. Galvam pursues the latter and enters along with them They
Accident was but a just Punishment of Monteyro's Disobedience to the Commander of the City and the Enemy content with this success weighed Anchor and made away 20. The Enemy sailed thence to the City Ior and began furiously to batter it Regale the King seâ—… to Malaca to desire Succour it was sent him in twelve Ships which entred that Port so unexpectedly that before any resistance could be made they fired some of the greatest Gallies killing all that were in tâ—… and presented the King with the Headâ—… of one of those Commanders which being set up on the Shore so terrified the whole Fleet they all fled 21. â—…et us return to Damam Ferdiâ—… de Mirâ—…da put to Sea again with his Squadron consisting of twenty Sail. After most violent Storms they were forced to come to an Anchor at Suratte Setting out thence they attacked a mighty Ship of Balala which surrendred having articled for the Mens Lives CHAP. II. Continues the Government of D. Francis Mascarennas 1. MIranda's Men in a Rage that they were deprived of the Booty of that Ship which had submitted it self beset him to the number of Fourteen Sail and after much reproachful Language left him and sailed away to Damam putting that Town into a great fright because they had set up black Colours They landed and marched in warlike manner into the City committing extravagant Enormities Every one was astonished not knowing the cause nor daring to ask it and their Resolution was to kill Miranda as soon as he landed As soon as he entred the Porâ—… they ran to the Shore rashly wounded several instead 〈◊〉 him no Authority being suâ—…t to 〈◊〉 them Miranda privately withâ—… to the Convent of St. Francis and sent 〈◊〉 to offer them as much as could comâ—… to every Man's share of that booty whereâ—…th they were appeased It was not above 〈◊〉 Crowns a Man which they valued above their Honour and Duty 2. Miranda sailed hence with some small Vessels and took another Ship at Goga and then stood for Casteleâ—…e a Nest of Robbers long since threatned by the Portugueses He now coming furiously upon it demolished the Fort burnt the Town and put the Inhabitants to the Sword 3. Zamori seeing so many Villages on the Coast destroyed by Mathias de Albuquerque offered a Peace Albuquerque was Commissioned to treat of it he finding himself still amuzed with Delays fell again to acts of Hostility destroying all the Coast with Fire and Sword The City of Calicut felt this Fury being strongly cannonaded as were Paracale Capocaate and Chatua This done Mathias went away to Ormuz of which Place he was appointed Captain leaving his Squadron under the Command of D. Giles Yanes Mascarennas who came to succeed him with eight Ships 4. This Year Five Ships set out from Lisbon two 〈◊〉 them 〈◊〉 forced in again one was 〈◊〉 away aâ—… 〈◊〉 two â—…ed in India 〈◊〉 oâ—… 〈◊〉 upon 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 fought thâ—… or foâ—… 〈◊〉 Vessels and 〈◊〉 off with Honour 5. D. Hâ—…ome de 〈◊〉 and Ferdiâ—… de Miraâ—…a being 〈◊〉 with their Sqâ—…drons took each of them two Mâ—…ar Sâ—…ps Both tâ—…se Commanders were goâ—… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Emanuâ—… de Saldanna Captain of 〈◊〉 against the King of the 〈◊〉 who 〈◊〉 over â—…he Camponeses of that Neighâ—… These Commanders being joined with 200 Horse 800 Musketeers almost 1000 â—…laves and Natives and the King of Sarceta at the request of the Vice-Roy with 150 Horse and 500 Foot they marched with great difficulty for the great heat and badness of the ways by Agaçaim Manora Assarim and at the end of Fifteen days discovered the City Tavar they sought for The City had beautiful Buildings and Gardens seated on a Hill that overlooks a very large Plain The King and Inhabitants being fled it was easily burnt with the neighbouring Villages and the Country People and Cattel carried away 6. Our Men advancing into narrow Defiles where two could not go abreast the King of the Coles with 6000 Men fell upon their Rear whilst some Parties annoyed them from the tops of the Hills Here they were brought into great danger and forced to make their utmost Efforts Many Gentlemen signalized themselves and the King of Sarceta appeared always in the greatest danger encouraging â—…e Men wâ—…h his Sword in hand At length our Men made their way through the Defiles and the K. â—…f the Coles defeated was forced to sue for Peace and accept of such a one as we were pleased to grant him 7. This year began with two greaâ—… Losses D. Iohn de Gama sailing from Malaca towards Goa with his Wife Children much Riches and many Men lost his Ship at midnight at Nicobar Above 50 Persons were lost and among them his eldest Son Another Son his Wife and almost 300 Persons were saved in an Island not inhabited He framed a Barque which held 90 and with great Hardships after being made Slaves they got to Coâ—…him the rest being left behind till they could return to fetch them Simon Ferreyra coming in a Ship richly laden from China was cast away in sight of the Coast of Ior. He desired that King to assist him with some Vessels to save part of the Goods and the King took them to himself 8. D. Giles Yanes Mascarennas who commanded the Squadron on the Coast of Malabar would not seem inferior to his Predecessor He made such havock along that Shore that nothing was heard but the Cries of the Inhabitants He twice set fire to Calicut Panane Calegate Marate Conche and the Island Daruti not without opposition with great slaughter of the Heathens 9. They came to the River Cunnale upon which is a Fort of the same Name the Refuge of Pirats subject to the Commander of the Fort. Two Malabar Ships were standing in and being attacked by two of ours the one was taken in the other 50 Men killed by one Ball that swept from Stem to Stern being boarded and almost taken she ungraâ—â—â—ed and made to the Shore that was covered with Mores and defended with Cannon Tavora who commanded our Ship pursued to save 6 Portugueses who were carried away by the Enemy till a Cannon Ball carried away his Leg of which he died Of the 6 only one was carried to Cunnale who at one stroke cut him in two The King of Chale to prevent his own Ruin agreed to pay Tribute assign a place and furnish Workmen and Materials to raise a Fort. Mascarennas on his way to Goa in the River Sal burnt the Villages of Aselonor and those of Cuenti in Salsete 10. Bracalor a City seated on the Coast of Canara in almost 14 Degrees of Latitude was once one of the most noted places of Trade in India in the form of a Common-wealth but much decayed since the Portugueses built a Fort there The People of this place observing that our Commander Francis de Mello Sampayo was wholly taken up in heaping Riches and pleasing his Wife resolved to rid themselves of that Clog They agreed to
length a few attained some knowledge of it and the first that set foot in Quantung was F. Michael Rogerius a Neapoliâ—…an on pretence of Administring the Sacraments to the Portugueses who Traded there and by this means converted some of the Natives who went over to Macao where for their better Instruction was erected a sort of Seminary near to the House of the Iesuits 5. Valiniano considering the greatness of the Difficulties was resolved to desist but God prevented the execution of this Resolution This Language at first so difficult was afterwards the best spoke and writ by these Fathers and other Obstacles though not removed yet began to appear less terrible By order of the Visitor Valiniano who resided at Iapan there came from India to Macao F. Matthew Rivius an Italian to assist F. Michael Rogerius They founded a Confraternity in that City for such Iaponeses and Chineses as were converted calling it The Sanctuary of Iesus Other Fathers resorted thither and among them F. Francis Pasius 6. This was the posture of Affairs when the Viceroy of Xanking for his private Interest sent for the Bishop and Governor of Macao The one sent F. Rogerius the other Mattheus Penela with a Present which satisfied him F. Rogorius returned thither again with F. Plasius and presenting the Viceroy a Striking Watch and Triangular Glass which shews Things of several Colours the Novelty of these Things so pleased him that he gave them leave to build a Church and House in the Suburb where he entertained them kindly But after 4 Months a new Viceroy succeeding they were forced to return to Macao where Plasius died 7. The new Viceroy sends for the Fathers the same Rogerius and Matthew Rivius go to him and return without any Success but with much Trouble In May they are again sent for to Xanking whither they came in November 1583. are kindly received and have a pleasant Place assigned them without the City to build 8. It is remarkable that when these Religious Men were banished this City they left an Altar-Stone in the custody of Nicho Chus a Youth well inclined to Christianity at their return they found it decently placed in a Room with Perfumes burning before it and over it a Board with these Words TIEN CHU that is To the Lord of Heaven Here the Religious for this strange Accident said Mass till their Church was made ready 9. The Fathers to be the more acceptable put on the Chinese Habit and named God in their Prayers by that Title they had seen on the Board which much pleased the Natives Many of the Gentry and Learned Men began to Reverence the Images of Christ and the blessed Virgin they began to give ear to Matters of Faith printed and dispersed among the People the Ten Commandments highly approving of them supplied the Church with Lights and Perfumes and gave Alms to the Fathers 10. The first baptized was a sick Man of mean condition The Christian Doctrine was printed after their manner and dispersed through the whole Province with no small Reputation for the great Titles the Viceroy bestowed on the Authors of it 11. F. Rogerius now went to Macao to seek some Relief to the great Poverty that place was in Mean while the Chineses changing their humours began to slander the Fathers and often threw Stones at their House F. Matthew Rivius was carried before the Supream Court he carried his Sleeves full of the Stones had been thrown at him and letting them fall at the Judges Feet so mollified him that he caused the Accuser to be whipped and ordered on severe Penalties no Wrong should be offered the Fathers Rivius was skilled in the Mathematicks and made Maps and Dials all pleasing and new there particularly seeing so many Countries in the World to them unknown as believing there was nothing beyond Asia This Novelty attracted People from very remote Parts to behold it and proved a great Motive to incline them to receive the Faith 12. F. Rector Francis Cabrall Superintendent of this Mission came from Macao to visit this new Colony of the Church He found more Fruit than was expected and baptized the first Converts among which a learned Man of the Province of Fokien whom he called Paul and another Iohn which was he that with such Reverence kept the Altar-stone aforemention 13. The Visitor Valiniano for joy of this Success made this Mission Independent of Macao subjecting it immediately to himself and the Provincial of Iapan D. Duarte de Meneses then Viceroy settled an Allowance out of the Custom-House of Malaca upon the Fathers 14. F. Almeyda and Rogerius having obtained leave went to erect another House in the Province of Chekiang where they immediately baptized an ancient Gentleman Father to the Governor of Xanquim and soon after others This was in the City Xanchin 15. But this lasted not long for the Fathers were soon expelled Those of Xanking were in danger but got off and their Accusers were punished These religious Men considering this Prosperity could not be lasting without the King's Authority sent F. Rogerius to Rome to obtain a Letter and Present from the Pope for the King but the Pope dying the Business was delayed and F. Rogerius ended his days at Salerno in the Kingdom of Naples Mean while the Fathers at Xanking were not without Troubles but still protected by the Viceroy converted many People till a new Viceroy coming they were banished and all they had taken from them 16. On their way to Macao they were overtaken by fresh Orders from the Viceroy whereupon they returned to Xanking and had a Place assigned them to settle at Hancheu Not far from that City is a most delightful Plain along the side of a River and in it a vast Temple and Monastery of 1000 Bonzos called Manhoa and yet the number of Idols exceeds that of the Bonzos for only in one of 12 Apartments into which it is divided there were seen 500. These as they call them religious Men live there with their Wives and Children and when they think fit go out to rob To this place were the Fathers led that if they liked they might settle there and were well received by the Bonzos but the design of the Religious was to live in the City 17. The Fathers were admitted into the City with the general good liking of all People They soon suffered by the Contagion of the Air which infects the very Natives with a Disease like an Ague yet escaped the danger From Macao two young Chinese Converts were sent to be their Companions who were afterwards the first of that Nation admitted into the Society 18. They laboured with no small Fruit some Persons of Note being converted Among the rest Cuytaiso the Son of a great Man having lost or spent his Fortune came to F. Rivius thinking he was a Chimist and might teach him the way to make Gold and being by him instructed found the true Treasure of the Faith The same happened to an ancient
expelled This was done by the assistance of Vincent Ribeyro a Portugues who lived at Visapor and had much interest with the Favourite 21. At Baçaim Luis de Brito Melo and D. Iohn de Almada Admiral of the Diu Squadron joyned Antony Pinto de Fonseca Commander of that place resolving to force the Enemies Camp They made up 1500 Men and marched toward the Enemy who had 1000 Horse and 1500 Foot well intrenched Our design was to surprize them but they had intelligence from some Portugueses in the City nevertheless their Trenches were forced with the loss of 6 or 7 of our Men and not above 500 of the Enemy escaped This Victory secured the Inhabitants of that Country and the Island of Salsete who had suffered much during the two last Years 22. Zamori possessed himself of the Kingdom of Upper Granganer which was of dangerous consequence to our Town of the same Name which he always coveted having an Eye upon a Pagod where the ancient Emperors of Malabar used to be Crowned This Neighbourhood became the more dangerous for that the little King of Paru a small Island relying on his Friendshop with Zamori had began the War in the Rivers between Cochim and Paliporto The King of Cochim not without cause offended at the Portugueses underhand kindled this Fire The Viceroy sent D. Lope de Almeyda with one Galley and ten Ships to relieve Cananor He came upon the King of Paru who terrified thereat concluded a Peace Only the King of Cochim and Zamori now remained an Embassy and Presents were sent to the latter both which he admitted but nothing was concluded 23. At this time arrived at Goa 4 Ships from Portugal five came thence but one was lost within two Leagues of Melinde Of 3000 Soldiers that were shipped aboard these Vessels not half the number came to India the rest dying by the way which was a great loss by reason of the want of Men there was there having so many Enemies upon them and because these same Ships should have come the Year before and were forced back to Lisbon Three Ships homeward bound had yet worse fortune for one was cast away at the Maldivy Islands another in which were all the Men of the former at the Island Fayal where above 200 Men perished the third arrived at Lisbon 24. The Viceroy with that small Recruit resolved to go in Person to the North to meet our European Enemies the English and Hollanders who were strong in these Seas he sent before D. Emanuel de Azevedo with 22 Sail who at Suratte joyned the two Squadrons under Luis de Brito and D. Iohn de Almada They landed and destroyed the Lands of Cifandam and Diva the Towns of Baroche and Goga were plundered and burnt as were six great Ships in that Bay Hence they sailed to the City Patane the Inhabitants whereof terrified by the Flames of Goga fled to the Woods so the Town was fired without any opposition 25. Mean while the Viceroy set out with 7 Galleons that in which he was so large it carried with ease 230 Men at Arms the 30 all Gentlemen There were besides two Pinks one Galley one Caravel and five other Vessels In all which were 1400 Portugueses and much Artillery but unskilful Gunners CHAP. IV. Continues the Government of D. Hierome de Azevedo 1. THE chief Design of this Squadron which at Suratte joyned those three under Azevedo Brito and Almeyda was to destroy four English Ships that lay in that Port. These Preparations seemed too great for such an Enterprize but the Event proved the contrary Being come in sight of the English the Viceroy ordered the two Pinks the Caravel and other smaller Vessels to lay aboard one of the Ships which was separated from the others Having all grappled and almost entred her the other three coming up beat them off The first three of our Vessels having taken fire endeavouring to burn that of the Enemy perished and the English escaped All this day was spent without any Success on our side and the next nothing was done because the Ships lay in a hole where only one of our Galleons could come at them at once and so might be one by one disabled by the Enemies Cannon Some said this was only a pretence of those who had no mind to come at them It was attempted to burn them with Fireships but without success 2. The Viceroy perceiving he only lost his Time there sailed to Diu to send thence Relief to Ormuz having received Advice from D. Luis de Gama Commander of that Place that the Fort of Comoran was besieged by a Persian Captain of Xirav with 14000 Men by Sea and Land This Siege was laid by order of Abas Xa of Persia on account that Gama did not pay him certain Duties due to the King of Lara and the Persian was now possessed of that Kingdom He was glad of this pretence of taking Arms as desiring to possess himself of Ormuz towards which he thought the Fort of Comoron was a good step Nor did he miss his aim for no sooner did the ancient Men of Ormuz hear that Fort was delivered but they concluded this lost D. Luis sent some Succour which hastened the Surrender because one half of it was cut off and the rest returned Andrew de Quadros commanded at Comoran he had but few Men and less Cannon for always our Aim was at trade and was forced to surrender upon Conditions which the Enemy never observed This was done when the Relief of 9 Sail sent by the Viceroy arrived under the command of Michael de Sousa Pimentel who having nothing to do there and to shun the Distasts that happened between him and D. Luis de Gama went away to Mascate 3. The Viceroy returning with his Fleet from Diu discovered the 4 English Ships a great way from Surat making all the sail they could and standing to the Southward He made the best of his way and in the afternoon came up alone within Cannon-shot of one of them because his Galleon was a better Sailer than the rest of the Fleet. His Gunner offered to sink her with two 40 Pounders many opposed it representing the other 3 Ships would come upon him and the Fleet being out of sight the Galleon would be lost which would be a great discredit besides the Damage at such a time when the Government was so poor The Viceroy submitted to their Opinions without obliging them to give it under their hands thinking they would never deny it which they did when he was accused for not doing what the Gunner proposed The English returned Thanks for this kindness firing their Cannon without Ball. 4. The Ships that this Year went from Portugal carried Orders to the Viceroy to sell all Commands and Employments that would yield Money there being no other means than to supply the Wants of that Government This was put in execution and much resented for three Reasons one That it had never been
Sampayo and Iames de Cunna executed Salvador Vaz de Guerra at Moçambique The News of that impudent Action brought to Goa so terrified the Judge Francis de Fonseca Pinto then a Prisoner that he made his Escape by Bribes and died in the Country of the Moors 5. The Viceroy sent an Ambassador to the Mogol to desire he would not admit our Enemies the English and Dutch into his Ports F. Emanuel Pineyro a Jesuit went on this Errand The result was that the King took off the Embargo that was upon 200 Sail of ours in his Ports and forbore making War upon Damam and Diu for which purpose he had already detatched 30000 Horse from the Army that was ready to march against the Persians who invaded his Territories His Army consisted of 300000 Horse the Foot innumerable many Thousand Camels 12000 Elephants 6000 Yoke of Oxen drawing as many Carts besides such as carry on their backs like Mules 70000 poor People followed this multitude 6. This multitude being to pass a rapid River that falls from a Mountain he laid over it a wooden Bridge for the Men and broke the Fury of its Course with a Dam for the Beasts to swim over safely A whole Month was spent in passing The Camp was 8 Leagues in compass so regular so beautified with rich Tents and so well supplied with all Necessaries that it looked like a well govern'd City 7. This Year sailed from Lisbon for India 3 Ships and 2 Flyboats under the Command of D. Christopher de Noronna Six English Ships lay then about the Cape of Good Hope which taking one of the Flyboats understood the others were coming and lay in wait for them They meeting the English Admiral said He had Orders from his King to seize Effects of the Portugueses to the value of 70000 Crowns for the Damage done by the Viceroy D. Hierome de Azevedo to the 4 English Ships in the Bay of Surat This Sum was immediately paid him and 20000 Ducats more to divide among his Men. Our Admiral no sooner arrived at Goa but he was secured by the Viceroy and sent Prisoner to Lisbon 8. The King of Iorcon came into the River of Malaca with 80 Sail in a miserable condition as who was expelled his Dominions by the King of Achem. Our Officers â—…ing to visit him he desired Assistance against that Enemy which was denied him and yet afterwards they desired the same of the King to oppose the Power of Achem which threatned that Place and was more formidable than it had been till that time 9. A small Squadron was sent from Malaca under the Command of Lope de Sousa to plunder the Hollanders Factory at Iaâ—…e where they found only 4 or 5 Dutch Men with a number of the Natives yet would not attack them for fear of exposing the Son-in-Law and Son of the Commander of Malaca who if not to be exposed ought not to have gone They lost the opportunity of taking a great Sum of Money that was kept there and in stead of plundering that Enemy gained another by destroying some Towns along the Coast. 10. The Tartars having ruined part of the famous Wall of China entred like a Torrent with above a million of Men bearing down Cities and whole Provinces till they drew near the Court of Peking in so terrible a manner that the King was about withdrawing to Nanking But the Chineses recovering of the first Fright fell upon the Tartars and made such a slaughter as obliged them to quit that Province The Jesuits here gained much Esteem having been very serviceable with their Intelligence For an Example to posterity I will relate the Particulars of this Invasion of the Tartars till the Year 1640. 11. When Humvu the first of the Family now reigning in China expelled the Tartars who for 90 Years had been possessed of that Crown he not only recovered what had been lost but conquered the Frontiers of Tartary dividing them into several Governments These in time grew to such a height that they raised themselves into 3 Kingdoms one on the East the other towards the West and the third on the North. The two last immediately cast off the Chinese Yoke the other continued in Obedience till the Chineses seeing it grow powerful without any other occasion resolved to weaken it But the Tartars oppressed taking courage revenged themselves running to Arms and securing a strong Hold in the Province of Leaotung by which and other Actions they became Masters of the Field The other two Kingdoms moved by the hope of Gain joyned with the former and in the Year 1618 which was 300 after Humvn formed a most formidable Army which coming to Battel with that of China no less numerous gave it a total overthrow rather to be attributed to the ill Conduct of the Chineses than Valour of the Tartars The King of China so much neglected his Government he seemed to be in a perfect Lethargy and all the Industry used by his Ministers to awake him was of no effect 12. In fine the Tartars continued the War with such Success that they conquered the Northern Province of Leaotung and forced the Kingdom of Corea to pay them Tribute as they did till then to China After the Tartars were beaten from Peking a Chinese Woman headed some Troops against them and gained great Fame defeating them in several places CHAP. XVI Continues the Government of the Viceroy D. John Coutinno Count De Redondo 1. AT the time the Tartar Invasion appeared most formidable Gonçalo Teyzeyra a Portugues was at Peking having carried thither a Present from the City Macao to the Mandarins he in the Name of the said City offered to assist them with a number of expert Soldiers They accepted the Offer and sent thither him that made it and F. Iohn Rodriguez a Jesuit Four hundred Men were raised in the City most of them Portugueses the rest Chineses bred among them and consequently good Musketiers Every Soldier had a Mulato Servant bought at the King's expence and their Pay was so great they all cloathed themselves in costly Apparel bought the best Arms and yet thought themselves rich They embarked under two Captains Peter Cordero in chief and Antony Rodriguez del Cabo At Quantung the Chineses were astonished at their Volleys and Exercise They were sent in Boats 〈◊〉 the River and well treated Being come to a Mountain they crossed it on â—…ck and then 〈◊〉 â—…oats again crossing almost all the Province of Kiangsi till they came to the Metropolis thereof The People admired their Presence Arms and Garb and because some had their Cloaths slashed said They could not imagine why Men of sense should purposely tear a Stuff that was whole 2. These Men who might have been so serviceable upon this occasion were from that City sent back to Macao The principal Reason is supposed to be That the Chineses of Quantung who are Factors for the Portugueses fearing this might be a means for them to be admitted into the
coming up fell upon those 800 and slew them all with the loss of 12000 of his Army and then beheaded the Traytor Xemin 17. After this Victory he went up the River Queytor with 60000 Men in 1000 Boats and coming to the Port of Avaa about the middle of October burnt above 2000 Vessels and some Villages with the loss of 8000 Men and among them 62 Portugueses He understood the City was defended by 20000 Moors 30000 of which People had at Meleytay slain 150000 of his Army and that the King of Siam was preparing to come to their Relief Upon this News he returned with speed to Prom and fortified himself whilst an Ambassador went to purchase Succours from the Emperor of Calaminam with rich Presents and the offer of certain Lands 18. The Empire of Calaminam is said to be 300 leagues in length and as much in breadth formerly divided into 27 Kingdoms all using the same Language beautified with many Cities and great Towns and very fruitful In it is to be found all that Asia produces The Metropolis is called Timpham seated on the River Pitui which is covered with multitudes of Boats It is girt by two strong and beautiful Walls contains 400000 Inhabitants the Buildings good especially some stately Palaces with fine Gardens in and about it are 2500 Temples belonging to 24 several Sects Some use bloody Sacrifices and some of the Priests abstain from Women but satisfie their Lust by such ways it were better they did not abstain The Women are well shaped fair and beautiful though beautiful they are chast two Qualifications seldom go together Their Habit suitable to their Quality not the Purse The great ones are served in Gold In their Law Suits O happy Country they use no Attorneys Sollicitors not Prâ—…ctors all Things are decided at one Hearing The Kingdom maintains 1700000 Soldiers 400000 of them Horse 6000 Elephants whereof the Emperor styles himself Lord by reason of their numerousness his Revenue is above 20 Millions There remain some footsteps of Christianity from ancient Times among them as that they believe the Blessed Trinity and make the sign of the Cross when they sneeze 19. This was the Empire of Calaminnam whither the King of Brama sent his Ambassador He being returned the King sent 150000 Men in 1300 Boats against the City Sebadii 130 leagues distant towards the North-East The General Chaunigrem having lost many Men in several Assaults raised two Mounts whence he did great harm in the City but the Besieged sallying killed at once 8000 another time 5000 of his Men. Let us a while leave the King of Brama's Affairs in this condition to see what was done at Siam in order to treat of them both together 20. The King of Cheammay after destroying 30000 Men that guarded the Frontiers besieged the City of Guitirvam belonging to the King of Siam who immediately gathered 500000 Men among which were 120 Portugueses much honoured by him This multitude was conveyed along the River in 3000 Boats and by Land marched 4000 Elephants and 200 Pieces of Cannon He found the Enemy had about 300000 Men and 2000 Boats The Siammite gave the Command of his Army to three Generals two Turks and one Portugues called Dominick Seixas At first the Siammite was worsted but recovering defeated his Enemy killing 130000 Men whereof almost 40000 were good Horse This Victory cost him 50000 but of the worst of his Army 21. This done he marched against the Queen of Guibem who had given the Enemy passage through her Country and entring the City Fumbacor spared neither Sex nor Age. The Queen being besieged in her Court of Guiror agreed to pay a Tribute of 60000 Ducats and gave her Son as Hostage Then he advanced towards the City Taysiram whither he thought the King of Chiammay was fled putting all to Fire and Sword only sparing the Women then Winter coming on returned home 22. Being come to his Court of Oiaa or Odiaz he was poisoned by the Queen then big with Child by one of her Servants but before he died caused his eldest Son then young to be declared King He left 30000 Ducats to the 120 Portugueses that served him and ordered they should pay no Duties in any of his Ports for 3 Years to come 23. The Adulterous Queen being near the time of her Delivery poisoned her lawful Son married her Servant and caused him to be proclaimed King But they enjoyed not the Crown long being both slain at a Feast on the second of February by the King of Cambodia and Oya Pansiloco with all their Adherents CHAP. V. Continues the Affairs of the Kings of Siam and Pegu. 1. THERE being no lawful Heir to the Kingdom of Siam Pretiel a Religious Talagrepo bastard Brother to the poisoned King was by common Consent received as such in the beginning of the Year 1549. The King of Brama or Pegu for it is the same seeing the Affairs of Siam in Consusion resolved to conquer that Kingdom He raised an Army of 800000 Men among which were 1000 Portugueses 40000 Horse 60000 Musqueteers 20000 Elephants 1000 Cannon drawn by as many Yoke of Oxen and Abadas and 1000 Waggons of Ammunition drawn by Bufaloes The Portugueses were commanded by Iames Suarez de Melo called the Gallego who came to India in the Year 1538 in 1542 was Pyrating about Moçambique in 1547 was at the Relief of Malaca and in 1549 being in the Service of this King was worth four Millions in Jewels and other things of value had a Pension of 200000 Ducats yearly and the Title of the King's-Brother was supream Governour of all his Dominions and General of his Army 2. The King marched with that prodigious multitude and after one repulse took the Fort of Tapuram defended by 2000 Siammites putting all to the Sword with the loss of 3000 of Men. By the way the City Iuvopisam surrendred and he sate down before Odiaa the Capital of Siam which seemed to make no account of that great Power Iames Suarez who commanded in chief surprized hereat gave an assault and lost 10000 Men. Another attempt was made with Elephants but with no better success 3. The King offered 500000 Ducats to have a Gate of the City delivered to him Oya Pasiloco who commanded in the Town understanding it opened a Gate and sent to tell him he might bring the Money for he was ready to receive it The Tyrant had no answer to make but continuing the Siege with vigour was forced to flacken upon the coming of the new King Five Months being spent with the loss of 150000 Men News was brought that Xemindoo a Man of great Parts had rebelled at Pegu and killed 15000 Men that opposed him As soon as this was known in the Camp 120000 Pegues deserted in hatred to that Foreign Ring that oppressed and to the Insolence of Iames Suarez who commanded them 4. Xemindoo was of the ancient Blood Royal of Pegu a great Preacher and esteemed a Saint He
whatever she has belonging to the Crown for ever the Revenues of Military Orders she is possessed of for four Lives after her with 1500 Ducats Pension from others and 1000 more during her Life And if the Kingdom were in a better condition I would bestow a great Estate on her Nunno Alvarez was the 49th Governour and D. Laurence de Cunna may be reckoned the 50th CHAP. VIII The Government of the Viceroy D. Michael de Noronna Count De Linnares from the Year 1629 till 1635. 1. THis Year sailed from Lisbon D. Michael de Noronna Count de Linnares Viceroy of India with three Ships and six Galleons One of them was cast away near the Cape of Good Hope and not a Man of 400 that were aboard saved 2. When the Count arrived at Goa Nunno Alvarez Botello was gone for Malaca and all Men promised themselves good success when about the beginning of the Year came the News of the Victory by him obtained The Viceroy returned Thanks to the King of Pam for the Succours he carried to Malaca and sent him Presents In the same manner he endeavoured to oblige the Neighbouring Kings and honoured the Admiral Antony Pinto de Fonseca for his good Service 3. Constantine de Sa who Commanded in Ceylon puffed up with the Honour of having destroyed the City Candea and relying too much upon the Fidelity of the Christian Chingala's who underhand held Correspondence with that King for our Destruction gave too much Credit to Theodosius their Captain by whom his Head was promised to the King at the same time he promised D. Constantin to deliver the King into his hands D. Constantin had more faith in that Traytor than in the Franciscan who being among the Enemy sent him intelligence or in his own Officers who foresaw his Ruin which soon followed 4. He marched from Columbo leaving that Fort with almost no Garison entred the Kingdom of Uva with 400 Portugueses and destroyed the Capital City As he returned after this Victory the King of Candea who had left that Town as a Bait to draw him on meets him with a great Power D. Theodosius and his Chingala's no sooner discovered the King's Forces but they went over to him and faced the Portugueses whom they served the moment before 5. The 400 Portugueses and 200 Natives that remained with them fought three days with incredible bravery The General D. Constantin having done more than Man was slain and then his Men being broke many were put to the Sword and many made Prisoners The King of Candea understanding how weak the Garison of Columbo was sate down before it with 50000 Men and a number of Elephants believing the Natives had as was agreed murdered those few Portugueses left there But they seeing farther than their General had destroyed those were to kill them and so the King was disappointed The Death of D. Constantin being known Lancelot de Seixas succeeded him in the Command and being in that Distress did more than could have been expected from so small a Force 6. He distributed 400 Men which was his whole Strength including the Religious among the most important Posts who behaved themselves so well the King found he had a harder Task in hand than at first he had imagined But Hunger was a more dangerous Enemy within the Walls than the other without This was much increased by the useless multitude of Women and Children notwithstanding D. Philip Mascarennas Commander of Cochin sent a Ship loaden with Provision and Ammunition to their Relief D. Blas de Castro five from St. Thomas and the Viceroy one Yet all their Hope was in Nunno Alvarez Botello not knowing as yet of his unfortunate End 7. The Inhabitants of Cambolim à Peninsula 40 leagues from Goa and in sight of Cananor offered the Viceroy leave to build a Fort there upon certain Conditions Iames de Fonseca Commander of Zofala was sent to carry on that Work Being begun it was interrupted by Virabadar Hayque the Usurper of the Kingdom of Canara After much opposition finding it could not be obstructed he made a Virtue of Necessity and seemed to be well satisfied it should go on The principal Article of the Cambolims was That no Religious but those of St. Francis should be sent thither At this time arrived at Goa two Ships from Portugal one of them returning was lost upon the Bar of Lisbon 8. It is doubtless those who are destined to perish unfortunately meet their Fate even where they thought to find their safety this will appear by the loss of the Ship St. Gonzalo some of the Men whereof being taken up by that mentioned in the last Paragraph were cast away in her I will therefore give some account of the loss of the said Ship St. Gonzalo in relation to the other This Vessel having set out from Goa with two others finding after being parted from her Company that she could not be kept above Water they made the shore and came to an Anchor in the Bay called Formosa for its largeness being 3 leagues over exposed to no Winds but the East North-East and South-East and lies near the Cape of Good Hope 9. Being come to anchor they ought whilst the Weather favoured to have landed the Men and Goods that were not before cast overboard but in stead of that at the persuasion of some Officers they attempted to suck the Ship dry in order to sail again Three Men were let down one after another to clear the Pump and returned not then a fourth being put down with a Rope about him and brought up almost dead it appeared the Steam of the Pepper which had taken wet killed them 10. In order to refit the Ship 100 Men landed and 130 remained aboard who after 50 days perished together with the Ship by a sudden Storm being beaten to pieces upon the Coast. The 100 Men left ashore built Huts because it would be long before they could find the means of going to Sea which were only by building two small Vessels out of the Wreck and the Trees on the Mountain The Captain being old and sick gave the Men leave to choose another and they pitched upon Rocque Borges who behaved himself well but one Simon de Figueyredo in that misery ambitious of Command endeavouring to kill him missed his Design yet grievously wounded him but Borges recovering stabbed him and all was quiet again 11. They sowed some Seeds and reaped the Fruit mean while they lived upon Rice that had been saved some Fish taken and Cows and Sheep they bought of the Natives for Iron The Language of these Natives could not be understood therefore they had recourse to Signs They are not quite black go naked cover their Privy Parts with a Skin in Winter wear Cloaks of the same about their Necks hang Bulls Pizles their Bodies anointed with the Dung of those Beasts they make sudden stops in their Speech carry Fox tails in their Hands to make Signs with have