Selected quad for the lemma: city_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	desire_v	lord_n	preston_n	45	3	16.3053	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A10354	The discouerie of the large, rich, and bevvtiful empire of Guiana with a relation of the great and golden citie of Manoa (which the spanyards call El Dorado) and the prouinces of Emeria, Arromaia, Amapaia, and other countries, with their riuers, adioyning. Performed in the yeare 1595. by Sir W. Ralegh Knight, captaine of her Maiesties Guard, Lo. Warden of the Sannerries [sic], and her Highnesse Lieutenant generall of the countie of Cornewall.	Raleigh, Walter, Sir, 1552?-1618.	1596 (1596)	STC 20634; ESTC S110574	74,398	128

the strongest nations of all the frontires that were enemies to the Epuremei which are subiects to Inga Emperor of Guiana and Menoa and that night we ankored at another Iland called Caiama of some fiue or sixe miles in length and the next day ariued at the mouth of Caroli when we were short of it as low or further down as the port of Morequito we heard the great rore and fall of the riuer but when we came to enter with our barge and wherries thinking to haue gone vp some fortie miles to the nations of the Cassipagotos we were not able with a barge of eight oares to row one stones cast in an hower and yet the riuer is as broad as the Thames at Wolwich and we tried both sides and the middle and euery part of the riuer so as we incamped vpon the bankes adioyning and sent off our Orenequepone which came with vs from Morequito to giue knowledge to the nations vpon the riuer of our being there and that we desired to see the Lords of Camuria which dwelt within the prouince vpon that riuer making them know that we were enemies to the Spaniards for it was on this riuer side that Morequito slew the Frier and those nine Spaniards which came from Manoa the Citie of Inga and tooke from them 40000. pesoes of Golde so as the next daie there came downe a Lorde or Cassique called Wanuretona with many people with him and brought all store of prouisions to entertaine vs as the rest had done And as I had before made my comming knowne to Topiawari so did I acquaint this Cassique therewith and how I was sent by her Maiesty for the purpose aforesaid and gathered also what I could of him touching the estate of Guiana and I founde that those also of Caroli were not onely enemies to the Spaniardes but most of all to the Epuremei which abound in Golde and by this Warunetona I had knowledge that on the heade of this riuer were three mightie nations which were seated on a great lake from when ce this riuer descended and were called Cessipagotos Eparagotos and Arawagotos and that all those eyther against the Spaniardes or the Epuremei would ioine with vs that if we entred the lande ouer the mountaines of Curaa wee should satisfie our selues with golde and all other goodthinges hee tolde vs farther of a nation called Iwarawaqueri before spoken off that held daily warre with the Epuremei that inhabited Macuregnarai the first ciuill towne pf Guiana of the subiectes of Inga the Emperour Vpon this riuer one Captaine George that I tooke with Berreo tolde me there was a greate siluer mine and that it was neere the banckes of the saide riuer But by this time as well Orenoque Caroli and all the rest of the riuers were risen fowre or fiue foote in height so as it was not possible by the strength of any men or with any boate whatsoeuer to rowe into the riuer against the stream I therefore sent Captain Thyn Captaine Greenuile my nephew Iohn Gylbert my cosen Butshead Gorges Captaine Clarke and some 30. shot more to coast the riuer by lande and to goe to a towne some twentie miles ouer the valley called Amnatapoi and they found guides there to goe farther towardes the mountaine foote to another great towne called Capurepana belonging to a Cassique called Haharacea that was a nephew to old Topiawari king of Arromaia our chiefest friend because this towne and prouince of Capurepnna adioyned to Macureguarai which was a frontier towne of the Empire and the meane while my selfe with Captaine Gifford Captaine Calfield Edw. Hancocke some halfe a dosen shot marched ouer land to view the strange ouerfalls of the riuer of Carols which rored so farre of also to see the plaines adioyning and the rest of the prouince of Canuri I sent also captaine Whiddon W. Connocke som eight shot with them to see if they coulde finde any minerall stone alongst the riuer side When we ronne to the tops of the first hils of the plaines adioyning to the riuer we beheld that wonderfull breach of waters which ranne downe Caroli and might from that mountaine see the riuer how it ran in thre parts aboue twentie miles of and there appeared som ten or twelue ouerfals in sight euery one as high ouer the other as a Church tower which fell with that fury that the rebound of water made it seeme as if it had beene all couered ouer with a greate shower of raine and in some places we took it at the first for a smoke that had risen ouer some greate towne For mine owne part I was well perswaded from thence to haue returned being a very ill footeman but the rest were all so desirous to go neere the saide strange thunder of waters as they drew mee on by little and litle til we came into the next valley where we might better discerne the same I neuer saw a more beawtifull countrey nor more liuely prospectes hils so raised heere and there ouer the vallies the riuer winding into diuers braunches the plaines adioyning without bush or stubble all faire greene grasse the ground of hard sand easie to march on eyther for horse or foote the deare crossing in euery path the birds towards the euening singing on euery tree with a thousand seuerall tunes cranes herons of white crimson and carnation pearching in the riuers side the ayre fresh with a gentle easterly wind and euery stone that we stooped to take vp promised eyther gold or siluer by his complexion Your L. shall see of many sortes and I hope some of them cannot be bettered vnder the sunne and yet we had no meanes but with our daggers and fingers to teare them out heere and there the rockes being most hard of that minerall sparre aforesaid and is like a flint and is altogether as hard or harder and besides the veines like a fathome or two deepe in the rockes But we wanted all thinges requisite saue only our desires and good will to haue performed more if it had pleased God To be shorte when both our companies returned each of them brought also seueral sorts of stones that appeared very faire but were such as they found loose on the ground were for the most part but cullored and had not any gold fixed in them yet such as had no iudgement or experience kept all that glistered and would not be perswaded but it was rich because of the lustre and brought of those and of Marquesite with all from Trinedado and haue deliuered of those stones to be tried in many places and haue thereby bred an opinion that all the rest is of the same yet some of these stones I shewed afterward to a Spaniard of the Caracas who told me that it was El Madre deloro and that the mine was farther in the ground But it shall be found a weake policie in mee eyther to betray my selfe or my Countrey with imaginations neyther am I

the gold beads which he gave to the Church friers to be praid for This Martynes was he that christned the citie of Manoa by the name of El Dorado and as Berreo informed me vpon this occasion Those Guianians and also the borderers and all other in that tract which I haue seen are marueylous great drunkards in which vice I thinke no nation can compare with them and at the times of their solemne feasts when the Emperor carowseth with his Captayns tributaries gouernors the manner is thus All those that pledge him are first stripped naked their bodies annointed al ouer with a kind of white Balsamum by them called Curcai of which there is great plenty and yet very deare amongst them and it is of all other the most precious whereof we haue had good experience when they are annointed all ouer certaine seruants of the Emperor hauing prepared gold made into fine powder blow it thorow holow canesvpō their naked bodies vntil they be al shining from the foote to the head in this sort they sit drinking by twenties hundreds continue in drunkennes sometimes six or seven daies together the same is also confirmed by a letter written into Spayne which was intercepted which master Robert Dudley told me he had seene Vpon this sight and for the abundance of Gold which he saw in the citie the Images of gold in their Temples the plates armors and shields of gold which they vse in the wars hee called it El Dorado After Oreliano who was emploied by Pacaro afterwards Marques Pacaro conqueror and gouernour of Peru and the death of Ordace and Martynes one Pedro de Osua a knight of Nauarre attempted Guiana taking his way from Peru and built his brigandines vpon a riuer called Oia which riseth to the southward of Quinto and is very great this riuer falleth into Amazones by which Osua with his companies descended and came out of that Prouince which is called Mutylones and it seemeth to me that this Empyre is reserued for her Maiestie and the English nation by reason of the hard successe which all these other Spaniards found in attempting the same wherof I will speake briefly though impertinent in some sort to my purpose This Pedro de Osua had among his troupes a Bescayn called Agiri a man meanely borne bare no other office than a Surgeant or Alferez but after certain months when the souldiers were grieued with trauels and consumed with famine and that no entrance could be found by the branches or bodie of Amazones this Agiri raised a muteny of which hee made himselfe the head and so preuailed as he put Osua to the sword and all his followers taking on him the whole charge and commaundement with a purpose not onely to make himselfe Emperour of Guiana but also of Peru and of al that side of the West Indies he had of his partie seven hundred soldiers and of those many promised to draw in other captains and companies to deliuer vp townes and sorts in Peru but neither finding by the said riuer any passage into Guiana nor any possibilitie to returne towards Peru by the same Amazones by reason that the descent of the riuer made so great a currant he was inforced to desemboque at the mouth of the said Amazones which cannot be lesse than a thousand leagues frō the place where they imbarqued from thence he coasted the land till he arriued at Marguerita to the North of Mompatar which is at this daie called puerto de Tyranno for that he there slue Don Iuan de villa Andreda gouernor of Marguerita who was father to Don Iuan Sermiento gouernour of Marguerita when Sir Iohn Burgh landed there and attempted the Iland Agiri put to the sworde all other in the Iland that refused to be of his partie and tooke with him certane Cemerones and other desperate companions From thence he went to Cumana and there flew the Gouernour and dealt in all as at Marguerita he spoiled all the coast of Caracas and the province of Vesuello and of Rio de hache and as I remember it was the same yeer that Sir Iohn Hawkins failed to Saint Iuan de Lua in the Iesus of Lubeck for himselfe told me that he met with such a one vpon the coast that rebelled and had failed downe all the riuer of Amazones Agiri from thence landed about Sancta Marta and sacked it also putting to death so many as refused to be his followers purposing to inuade Nueuo reygno de Granada to sack Pampelone Merida Lagrita Tunia the rest of the cities of Nueuo reygno and from thence againe to enter Peru but in a fight in the said Nueuo reygno he was ouerthrowne finding no way to escape he first put to the sworde his own children foretelling them that they should not liue to be defamed or opbraid by the Spaniards after his death who would haue tearmed them the children of a Traytor or Tyrant and that sithence he could not make them Princes he would yet deliuer them from shame and reproch These were the ends and tragedies of Oreliano Ordace Osua Martines and Agiri After these followed Ieronimo Ortal de Saragosa with 130. soldiers who failing his enterance by sea was cast with the currant on the coast of Paria and peopled about S. Miguell de Neueri It was then attempted by Don Pedro de Silua a Portugues of the familie of Rigomes de Sylua and by the fauour which Rigomes had with the king he was set out but he also shot wide of the mark for being departed from Spaine with his fleete he entred by Maragnon and Amazones whereby the nations of the riuer and by the Amazones he was vtterly ouerthrowen and himselfe and all his armie defeated onely seuen escaped and of those but two returned After him came Pedro Harnandez de Serpa and landed at Camana in the West Indies taking his iourney by land towards Orenoque which may bee some 120. leagues but ere he came to the boarders of the saide riuer he was set vpon by a nation of Indians called Wikiri and ouerthrowne in sort that of 300. soldiers horsemen many Indians and Negros there returned but 18 others affirme that he was defeated in the very entrance of Guiana at the first ciuill towne of the Empire called Macureguarai Captaine Preston in taking S Iago de Leon which was by him and his companies very resolutly performed being a greate towne and far within the land held a gentleman prisoner who died in his ship that was one of the companie of Hernandes de Serpa and faued among those that escaped who witnessed what opinion is held among the Spaniards thereabouts of the greate riches of Guiana and El dorado the citie of Inga Another Spaniard was brought aboord me by Captaine Preston who told me in the hearing of himselfe and diuers other gentlemen that he met with Berreos Campmaister at Carasas when he came from the borders of Guiana and that he

reason of a most forcible ouerfall and Current of waters but in the eddy al smaller vesselles may be drawen euen to Peru itselfe But to speake of more of these riuers without the description were but tedious and therefore I will leaue the rest to the discription This riuer of Orenoque is nauigable for ships little lesse then 1000. miles for lesser vessels neere 2000. By it as aforesaid Peru Nueuo reyno Popaian may be inuaded it also leadeth to that great Empire of Inga and to the prouinces of Amapaia and Anebas which abound in gold his branches of Cosnero Manta Caora descend from the middle land and valley which lieth betweene the easter prouince of Peru and Guiana and it falles into the sea betwne Maragnon and Trinedado in two degrees and a halfe al which your Honors shal better perceiue in the general description of Guiana Peru Nueuo reyno the kingdom of Popayan and Roidas with the prouince of Vensuello to the bay of Vraba behinde Cartagena westward and to Amazones southward While we lay at ancor on the coast of Canuri and had taken knowledge of all the nations vpon the head and braunches of this riuer and had founde out so many feuerall people which were enemies to the Epuremei and the newe Conquerers I thought it time lost to linger any longer in that place especially for that the fury of Orenoque beganne dailie to threaten vs with dangers in our returne for no halfe day passed but the riuer began to rage and ouerflow very fearefully and the raines came downe in terrible showers and gusts in greate abundance and withall our men beganne to cry out for want of shift for no man had place to bestowe any other apparrell then that which he ware on his backe and that was throughly washt on his body for the most part ten times in one day and we had nowe beene well neere a moneth euery day passing to the westward farther farther from our shippes Wee therefore turned towards the east and spent the rest of the time in discouering the riuer towards the sea which we had not viewed and which was most materiall The next day following we left the mouth of Caroli and arriued againe at the port of Morequito where we were before for passing downe the streame we went without labour and against the winde little lesse then 100. miles a day Assoon as I came to ancor I sent away one for old Topiawari with whom I much desired to haue further conference also to deal with him for some one of his country to bring with vs into England as well to learn the language as to conferre withall by the way the time being now spent of any longer stay there within three howres after my messenger came to him he arriued also and with him such a rabble of all sortes of people and euery one loden with somwhat as if it had bene a great marker or faire in England and our hungry companies clustered thicke and threefold among their baskets euery one laying hand on what he liked After he had rested a while in my tent I shut out al but our selues and my interpreter and told him that I knewe that both the Epuremei and the Spaniards were enemies to him his countrey and nations that the one had conquered Guiana already and the other sought to regaine the same from them both And therefore I desired him to instruct me what hee could both of the passage into the golden partes of Guiana and to the ciuill townes and apparrelled people of Inga Hee gaue me an answere to this effect first that hee coulde not perceiue that I meant to go onwarde towardes the Citie of Mania for neither the time of the yeare serued neyther could he perceiue any sufficient numbers for such an enterprize and if I did I was sure with all my company to be buried there for the Emperour was of that strength as that many times so many men more were too few besides he gaue me this good counsell and aduised me to hold it in minde as for himselfe he knewe he could not liue til my returne that I should not offer by any meanes hereafter to inuade the strong partes of Guiana with out the helpe of all those nations which were also their enimies for that it was impossible without those eyther to be conducted to be victualled or to haue ought caried with vs our people not being able to indure the march in so greate heate and trauell vnlesse the borderers gaue them helpe to carry with them both their meate and furniture For he remembred that in the plaines of Macureguarai 300. Spaniards were ouerthrowen who were tired out and had none of the borderers to their friendes but meeting their enimies as they passed the frontier were inuironed of all fides the people setting the long dry grasse on fire smothered them so as they had no breth to feight nor could discerne their enimies for the greate smoke He told me farther that sower daies iourney from his towne was Macureguarai and that those were the next nearest of the subiectes of Inga and of the Epuremsi and the first towne of apparreled and rich people and that all those plates of Goldo which were scatterred among the borderers and caried to other nations farre and neere came from the saide Macureguarai and were there made but that those of the lande within were farre finer and were fashioned after the Image of men beastes birdes and fishes I asked him wether he thought that those companies that I had there with me were sufficient to take that towne or no he told me that he thought they were I then asked him whether he woulde assist me with guides and some companies of his people to ioyn with vs he answered that he would go himself with all the borderers if the riuers did remaine fordable vpon this condition that I would leaue with him til my returne againe fiftly souldiers which hee vndertooke to victuall I answered that I had not aboue fiftie good men in all there the rest were labourers and rowers and that I had no prouision to leaue with them of powder shot apparrell or ought else and that without those things necessary for their defence they should be in danger of the Spaniardes in my absence who I knew would vse the same measure towardes mine that I offered them at Trinedado And Although vpon the motion Captaine Calfeide Captaine Grenuile my nephewe Iohn Gilbert and diuers others were desirous to stay yet I was resolued that they must needes have perishr dfor Berreo expected daily a supply out of Spaine and looked also howerly for his sonne to come downe from Nueue reyne degranada with many horse and soote and had also in Valentia in the Carneas 200. horse ready to march and I coulde not haue spared aboue fortie and had not any store at all of powder leade or march to haue left with them not any other prouision cytherspade