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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A37443 The two great questions consider'd I. What the French king will do, with respect to the Spanish monarchy, II. What measures the English ought to take. Defoe, Daniel, 1661?-1731. 1700 (1700) Wing D850; ESTC R20141 13,382 33

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maintaining the Ballance of Power in Europe This has been the Foundation of all the Wars in our Age against the French and in the last Ages against the Spaniard and the Emperor A just Ballance of Power is the Life of Peace I question whether it be in the Humane Nature to set Bounds to its own Ambition and whether the best Man on Earth wou'd not be King over all the rest if he could Every King in the World would be the Universal Monarch if he might and nothing restrains but the Power of Neighbours and if one Neighbour is not strong enough for another he gets another Neighbour to join with him and all the little ones will join to keep the great one from suppressing them Hence comes Leagues and Confederacies thus the German Protestants call'd in the Assistance of Gustavus Adolphus to match the Power of the Emperor Ferdinand the 2. and founded the famous League call'd the Conclusions of Leipsick which brought the Imperial Power to the due Ballance which it now stands at on the Foot of the Treaty of Westphalia so the French and the English assisted the Dutch to bring the Spanish Power to a Ballance in the time of Philip the II. when the Spanish Greatness began to be terrible to Europe which Ballance was established in the Peace of Aix la Chappel So the Power of France was brought to a Ballance but not so equal as it might have been had King Charles II. stood to his own Proposals at the Treaty of Nimeguen the Defects of which Peace were in a great Measure the Occasion of this late War which has been the longest most chargeable and most bloody that ever the French Nation has been engaged in since the Days of Francis the I. their own civil Wars excepted This War has brought the power of France to a Ballance she had fortified her Frontiers with a continued Rampart a Line of strong Cities from Hunninghen on the Confines of the Swiss down the Rhine the Mosell and the Maes to the very Sea-side the greatest whereof she has been oblig'd to part with to enable her Enemies to be their own Guarantees by which in some places she is left so naked that she is fain to build new Cities or fortifie old ones to supply the Vacancy as at Brisack and in other she lyes wholly open as at Pigneroll she has stoop'd to such a peace as has made her far less formidable than before Now the precarious Life of the King of Spain gave the King of England just Umbrage that this Ballance in which our Safety so much consists should receive a Shock to the prejudice of the Protestant Interest by the Addition of the Spanish Dominion to that of France And here I place the Original of the Project as a probable Conjecture at least drawn from the Nature of things according to rational Conclusions from probable premises when better Grounds are made publick I shall own my self mistaken When the pretenders to the Spanish Succession are considered they are found to be the Emperor and the King of France the Prince of Bavaria being dead before To let the Emperor possess the Spanish Dominions would be the overthrowing the Ballance made at the Westphalia Treaty by which the House of Austria already strengthened by the Conquest of Hungaria and the peace with the Turks would be too potent for the princes of Germany nor wou'd the French like well that the Emperor the Eternal Competitor of France upon the Rhine shou'd be strengthen'd with such an addition by which he wou'd ha' been Lord of almost half the World To let the French possess the Spanish Dominions would overthrow the Ballance Purchas'd in this War with so much Blood and Treasure and render fruitless the Treaty of Reswick Twou'd especially ha' been Fatal to the English and Dutch by the encrease of Wealth from the Mass of Money returning Yearly from the Empires of Mexico and Peru which the French wou'd be better Husbands of than the Spaniards by their encrease of Shipping which wou'd make them too strong for all the World at Sea and by their ruining the Spanish Trade which is the greatest and most profitable in Europe 't would immediately unhinge all the Settlement of our Merchants and Factories and turn the whole Channel of Trade for the ports of Spain being free to the French as Subjects all our Negoce that way wou'd be destroy'd then their Neighbourhood in Flanders and in the West-Indies would be intollerable and insupportable O 't would fill a Volume to set down the Inconveniencies which England and Holland must expect to feel in Case the French were Masters of the Spanish Monarchy the Streights-Mouth would be like the Sound and all our Ships should pay Toll at Gibralter as they do at Elseneur your Fishing Trade from New-England and Newfoundland wou'd perish for the French from the Banks of Newfoundland should go free and you Pay 23 per Cent. c. We must erect an Admiralty in the West-Indies or mantain a Fleet there or our Plantations wou'd be always at his Mercy our Collonies of Virginia and New-England would easily be destroy'd while the French would lye on their backs quite thro' their Country from Canada to the City of Mexico These are some of the lesser Inconveniencies which as I presume were the first Motives to the Treaty The Confederats therefore not being willing the French shou'd have Spain and the French being resolv'd the Emperor should not have it a Medium is proposed that since it was not convenient for Europe that either of them should have it all and both of them had a Title to it it should therefore be divided between them in Manner and Form as aforesaid This is the short History of this League which really has more of Pollicy than Right in it for strictly Considered the Right of Succession can devolve but upon one Person let that one be who it will is not the present Business But publick good the Peace of Kingdoms the General quiet of Europe prevails to set aside the Point of nice Justice and determine in favour of the Publick Tranquility And I crave leave to make Two Observations here First Our Iacobites-Protestant-Brethren whose Understandings are so blind that they cannot see the Interest of their Native Country have here fairly represented to them the Condition England had now been in and Europe in General if a Papist and Confederate with France had been on the English Throne if England had not had a King who cou'd so far Influence the Ambition of the powerful Prince as to prevent his seizing that Monarchy of Spain which none but England cou'd hinder him from Secondly Our Non-jurants who hold the right Lines of Princes such Sacred things may also see that even among Hereditary Princes themselves the Rights of Succession are oftentimes infringed and the private Interest of Princes and Families set aside when the publick Interest of Nations the Preservation of Peace and the