Selected quad for the lemma: city_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	call_v	great_a	place_n	10,107	5	4.1120	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A43326	A new discovery of a vast country in America extending above four thousand miles between New France and New Mexico, with a description of the great lakes, cataracts, rivers, plants and animals : also the manners, customs, and languages of the several native Indians ... : with a continuation, giving an account of the attempts of the Sieur De la Salle upon the mines of St. Barbe, &c., the taking of Quebec by the English, with the advantages of a shorter cut to China and Japan : both parts illustrated with maps and figures and dedicated to His Majesty, K. William / by L. Hennepin ... ; to which is added several new discoveries in North-America, not publish'd in the French edition.; Nouvelle découverte d'un très grand pays situé dans l'Amérique entre le Nouveau Mexique et la mer Glaciale. English	Hennepin, Louis, 17th cent.; La Salle, Robert Cavelier, sieur de, 1643-1687.; Joliet, Louis, 1645-1700.; Marquette, Jacques, 1637-1675.	1698 (1698)	Wing H1450; ESTC R6723	330,063	596

foolishly to blame what they know nothing of They generally accuse Travellers of venting an Infinity of Lies and Impostures But Men of a magnanimous and firm Courage are plac'd far above such silly Raveries For when they 've done all to blacken our Reputation we shall still receive for our Reward the Esteem and Approbation of Men of Honour who being endow'd with knowing and penetrating Souls are capable to give equal and impartial Judgment of Travels and of the just Merit of such as have hazarded their Lives for the Glory of God and the Good of the Publick This is the happy and agreeable Recompence which redounds to the daring Travellers that so valiantly expose themselves to all manner of Fatigue and Danger that by so doing they may become useful to Mankind CHAP. I. The Motives which engag'd the Authour of this Discovery to undertake the Voyage here related I Always found in my self a strong Inclination to retire from the World and regulate my Life according to the Rules of pure and severe Virtue and in compliance with this Humour I enter'd into the Franciscan Order designing to confine my self to an austere Way of Living I was over-joy'd then when I read in History the Travels and Voyages of the Priests of my own Order who indeed were the first that undertook Missions into any Place And oft-times represented to my self that there could be nothing more great or glorious than to instruct the Ignorant and Barbarous and lead 'em to the Light of the Gospel and having remark'd that the Franciscans had behav'd themselves in this Work with a great deal of Zeal and Success I found this begat in my Mind a Desire of tracing their Footsteps and dedicating my self after their Example to the Glory of God and the Salvation of Souls In reading the History of our Order I observ'd that in a general Assembly held in the Year 1621 it was reckon'd that since the first Passing of the Reverend Father Martin de Valence one of our first Reformers into America there had been more than five hundred Convents of Recollects establish'd in that New World and distributed into Two and twenty Provinces As I advanc'd in Years this Inclination to pass the Seas fortify'd it self more in my Mind It is true one of my Sisters married at Ghent whom I lov'd very tenderly did dissuade me from my Design as much as she could and never ceas'd to redouble her Sollicitations to that purpose while I had occasion to be with her in that great City whither I had gone to learn the Dutch Language But being sollicited on the other hand by many of my Friends at Amsterdam to go to the East-Indies my natural Inclination join'd to the Influence of their Requests did move me much and had almost determin'd me to undertake a Sea-Voyage Being then that all the Remonstrances of my Sister could not dissuade me from travelling I first commenc'd a Journey into Italy and in obedience to the Orders of my Superiour visited all the great Churches and most considerable Convents of our Order both in that Country and in Germany which did in some measure gratifie my curious Temper But having return'd to the Netherlands the Reverend Father William Herinx late Bishop of Ipres did oppose himself to the Resolution I had of continuing to travel detaining me in the Convent of Halles in Hainault where I was oblig'd to perform the Office of Preacher for a Year After which with the Consent of my Superiour I came into the Country of Artoìs from whence I was sent to Calais to mendicate there in time of Herring-salting Being there I was passionately in love with hearing the Relations that Masters of Ships gave of their Voyages Afterwards I return'd to our Convent at Biez by the way of Dunkirk where I us'd oft-times to sculk behind the Doors of Victualling-houses while the Sea-men were giving Account of their Adventures The Smoke of Tobacco was disagreeable to me and created Pains in my Stomach while I was thus intent upon giving ear to their Relations Yet nevertheless I was very attentive to the Accounts they gave of their Encounters by Sea the Perils they had gone through and all the Accidents which befel them in their long Voyages This Occupation was so agreeable and engaging that I have spent whole Days and Nights in it without eating for I always came to understand some new thing concerning the Customs and Ways of Living in remote Places and concerning the Pleasantness Fertility and Riches of the Countries where these Men had been Thus I fortified my self more and more in my ancient Resolution and that I might advance it yet further I went Missionary into most part of the Towns of Holland and stopp'd at length at Mastreicht for eight Months together administring the Sacraments to more than Three thousand wounded Men In which Occupation I ventur'd many Dangers among the Sick People being taken ill both of a Spotted Fever and a Dysenterie which brought me very low and near unto Death But God at length restor'd me to my former Health by the Care and Succour of a very skilful Dutch Physician The next Year by a singular effect of my Zeal I was engag'd in promoting the Salvation of Souls happening then to be present at the bloody Battel of Seneffe where I was busied in administring Comfort to the poor wounded Men Till at length after having endur'd all manner of Fatigue and Toil and having run the risque of extreme Dangers at Sieges of Towns in the Trenches and in Fields of Battel where I never ceas'd to expose my self for the good of Mens Souls while these bloody Men were breathing nothing but Slaughter and Blood I happily found my self in a condition to satisfie my first Inclination For I then receiv'd Orders of my Superiours to go for Rochel in order to embark in quality of Missionary for Canada Within two Leagues of that City I perform'd the Function of Curate near two Months being invited so to do by the Pastor of the Place who had occasion to be absent from his Charge But afterwards I totally resign'd my self to the Providence of God having commenc'd my Passage through a long Tract of Sea the greatest perhaps and the longest of any that is in the Ocean I embark'd then in Company of Mr. Francis de Laval created then Bishop of Petrée in partibus Infidelium and since Bishop of Quebec the Capital City of Canada Then my Design of Voyaging receiv'd fresh Augmentations Yet I staid in that Country Four Years and was sent thence in Mission while the Abbot of Fenelon present Archbishop of Cambray resided there I shall not here recount the several Adventures of our Voyage nor the Fights we were engag'd in with the Ships of Turkey Tunis and Algiers who attempted several times to have taken us but without success Nor shall I stay to relate our approach to Cape Breton where we beheld with incredible Delight the Battel ordinarily fought betwixt

Quebec the Capital City of Canada up the River St. Laurence Southwards It is built near ●o the Place where the Lake Ontario which is as much as to say the pretty Lake discharges it self It was surrounded with a Rampart great Stakes and Palisado's ●nd four Bastions by the Order of Count Frontenac Governour-General of Canada They found it necessary to build this Fort for a Bu●wark against the Excursions of the Ir●quois and to interrupt the Trade of Skins that these Savages maintain with the Inhabitants of New-York and the Hollanders who have form'd a New Colony there for they furnish the Savages with Commodities at cheaper Rates than the French of Canada The Iroquois are an insolent and barbarous Nation that has shed the Blood of more than Two millions of Souls in that vast-extended Country They never cease from disturbing the Repose of the Europeans unless it be for fear of their Arms For they entertain no Commerce with them save in the Merchandise-Goods they stand in need of and in Fire-Arms which they buy on purpose to use against their Neighbours and by the means of which they have compass'd the Destruction of an infinite Number of People extending their bloody Conquests above 5 or 600 Leagues beyond their own Precincts and exterminating whatever Nations they hate This Fort which at first was only surrounded with Stakes Palisado's and earthen Ramparts has been enlarg'd since the commencement of my Mission into these Countries to the circumference of Three hundred and sixty Toises each of these being six Foot in length and is now adorn'd with Free-Stone which they find naturally polish'd by the shock of the Water upon the brink of the Lake Ontario or Frontenac They wrought at this Fort with so much di●igence and expedition that in two Years time it was advanc'd to this perfection by the Care and Conduct of Sieur-Cavelier de la Salle who was a No●man born a Man of great Conduct and profound Policy He oft-times pretended to me that he was a Parisian by Birth thinking thereby to engage the Father Luke Buisset before-mention'd and me to put more confidence in him For he had easily remark'd from our ordinary Conversation that the Flemish and seve●al other Nations are prone to be jealous of the Normans I am sensible that there are Men of Honour and Probity in Normandy as well as elsewhere but nevertheless it is certain that other Nations are generally more free and less sly and intriguing than the Inhabitants of that Province of France This Fort Frontenac lies to the Northward of this Lake near to its Mouth where it exoners it self and is situated in a Peninsula of which the Isthmus is digg'd into a Ditch On the other side it has partly the Brink of the Lake surrounding it partly a pretty sort of a natural Mould where all manner of Ships may ride safely The Situation of this Fort is so advantageous that they can easily prevent the Sallies and Returns of the Iroquois and in the space of Twenty four Hours can wage War with them in the heart of their own Country This is easily compass'd by the help of their Barques of which I saw Three all deck'd and mounted at my last departure thence With th●se Barques in a very little time they can convey themselves to the South-side of the Lake and pillage if it be needful the Country of the Tsonnontouans who are the most numerous of all the Provinces of the Iroquois They manure a great deal of Ground for sowing their Indian Corn upon of which they reap ordinari●y in one Harvest as much as serves 'em for two Years Then they put it into Caves digg'd in the Earth and cover'd after such a manner that no Rain can come at them The Ground which lies along the Brink of this Lake is very fertile In the space of two Years and a half that I resided there in Mission they cultivated more than a hundred Acres of it Both the Indian and European Corns Pulse Pot-Herbs Gourds and Water-Melons succeeded very well It is true indeed that at first the Corns were much spoil'd by Grashoppers but this is a thing that happens in all the Parts of Canada at the first Cultivating the Ground by reason of the extream Humidity of all the Country The first Planters we sent thither br●d up Poultry there and transported with them Horned Beasts which multiply'd there very successfully They have comely proper Trees fit for building of Houses or Ships Their Winter is by Three Months shorter than at Canada In fine we have all reason to hope that e're long a considerable Colony shall be erected in that Place When I undertook my great Voyage I left there about Fifteen or Sixteen Families together with Father Luke Buisset a Recollet with whom I had us'd to administer the Sacraments in the Chapel of that Fort. While the Brink of the Lake was frozen I walk'd upon the Ice to an Iroq●ois Village call'd Ganneouse near to Keutè about nine Leagues off the Fort in company of the Sieur de la Salle above-mention'd These Savages presented us with the Flesh of Elks and Porcupines which we fed upon After having discours'd them some time wè return'd bringing with us a considerable number of the Natives in order to make a little Village of about Forty Cottages to be inhabited by them lying betwixt the Fort and our House of Mission These Barbarians turn'd up the Ground for sowing of Indian Corn and Pulse of which we gave them some for their Gardens We likewise taught them contrary to their usual custom of eating to feed upon Soupe made with Pulse and Herbs as we did Father Luke and I made one Remark upon their Language that they pronounc'd no Labial Letters such as B P M F. We had the Apostolick Creed the Lord's Prayer and our ordinary Litany translated into the Iroquois Language which we caus'd them to get by heart and repeat to their Children and forc'd their Children to pronounce as we did by inculcating to them thé Labial Letters and obliging 'em to frequent converse with Children of the Europeans that inhabited the Fort so that they mutually taught one another their Mother-Languages which serv'd likewise to entertain a good Correspondence with the Iroquois These Barbarians stay'd always with us except when they went a Hunting which was the thing that touch'd us most sensibly for when they went for five or six Months ravaging through their vast huge Forests and sometimes Two hundred Leagues from their ordinary abode they took their whole Family along with them And thus they liv'd together feeding upon the Flesh of the wild ●easts they kill'd with the Fire-Arms they us'd to receive of the Europeans in exchange of their Skins And it was impossible for any Missionary to follow them into these wild Desarts so that their Children being absent all the Season of Hunting forgot wha● we had instill'd into them at Frontenac The Inhabitants of Canada towards Quebec

Design I look'd upon the Employment of a Missionary as a most Honourable Post for me so that whenever I found the opportunity of a Mission I willingly embrac'd it tho' it oblig'd me to travel more than Twelve hundred Leagues off Canada Yet I perswaded several to accompany me in my Voyage and neglected not any thing that might tend to the furtherance of my Design At first for a Trial I was sent in Mission about a Hundred and twenty Leagues beyond Quebec I went up the River St. Laurence and arriv'd at length at the brink of a Lake call'd by the Natives Ontario which I shall describe afterwards Being there I perswaded several of the savage Barbarians to cultivate the Ground and dress some Wood for building a Lodge to us I caus'd 'em make a Cross of an extraordinary heighth and bigness I caus'd 'em likewise build a Chapel near to the Lake and establish'd my self there with another of my own Order by Name Father Luke Buisset whom I had induc'd to come along with me and who dy'd since in our Franciscan Convent upon the Sambre I shall have occasion afterwards to speak of him for that we cohabited in Canada for a long time and were Fellow-Labourers in our Establishment at Catarockouy which was the Place where we oft-times concerted the Measures of making this Discovery I am about to relate I there gave my self much to the reading of Voyages and encreas'd the Ambition I had to pursue my Design from what Light the Savages imparted to us in that matter In fine I plainly perceiv'd by what Relations I had of several Particulars in different Nations that it were not a matter of great difficulty to make considerable Establishments to the South-East of the great Lakes and that by the conveni●ncy of a great River call'd Hoio whch passes through the Country of the Iroquois a Passage might be made into the Sea at Cape Floride While I resided in that place I made several little Tours sometimes with the Inhabitants of Canada that we had brought along to settle at our Fort of Catarockouy sometimes in company of the Savages alone with whom I convers'd frequently And as I foresaw that the Iroquois might become jealous and suspicious of our Discoveries I resolv'd to make a Tour round their Five Cantons and in pursuance of this Design threw my self among 'em being accompany'd only with a Soldier of our Fort who travell'd with me Seventy Leagues or near the Matter on this Occasion we having our Feet arm'd with large Rackets to prevent the Injury of the Snow which abounds in that C●untry in time of Winter I had already acquir'd some small Knowledge of the Iroquois Language and while I travell'd in this manner among them they were surpriz'd to see me walk in midst of Snow and lodge my self in the wild Forests that their Country is full of We were ●blig'd to dig Four foot deep into the Snow to make Fire at night after having journey'd Ten or Twelve Leagues over-day Our Shooes were made after the Fashion of those of the Natives but were not able to keep out the Snow which melted as soon as our Feet touch'd it it having receiv'd heat from the motion of us walking along We made use of the Barks of Trees to cover us when we went to sleep and were carefully sollicitous to keep on great Fires to defend us from the nipping Colds in this lonesome Condition spent we the Nights wai●ing the welcom● return of the Sun that we might go on in our Journey As for Food we had none save the Indian Corn grinded small which we diluted with Water to make it go down the better Thus we pass'd through the Countries of the Honnehiouts and Honnontages who gave us a very kind reception and are the most Warlike People of all the Iroquois When they saw us they put their Fore-fingers on their Mouths signifying the surprizal they were in at the troublesom and difficult Journey we had made in the middle of Winter Then looking upon the mean and mortifying Habit of St. Francis they cry'd aloud Hetchitagon that is Barefoot and did with all manner of passion and astonishment pronounce the Word Gannoron intimating that it must needs have been a Business of great Importance that mov'd us to attempt such a difficult Journey at so unseasonable a time These Savages regal'd us with Elk and Venison dress'd after their own fashion which we eat of and afterwards took leave of 'em going further on in our Journey When we departed we carry'd our Bed-cloaths on our Backs and took with us a little Pot to boyl their Corn in We pass'd through ways quite inundated that would have been absolutely impracticable ●o any European For when we came at vast Marshes and overflowing Brooks we were oblig'd to climb along by the Trees At length with much difficulty we arriv'd at Ganniekez or Agniez which is one of the Five Cantons of the Iroquois situated about a large Day 's Journey from New-Holland call'd at present New-York Being there we were forc'd to season our Indian Corn which we had us'd to bruize betwixt two Stones with littl● Frogs that the Natives gather'd in the Meads towards Easter when the Snow was all gone We stay'd some time in this Kingdom lodging with a Iesuite that had been born at Lions to transcribe an Iroquiese Dictionary When the Weather began to be more favourable we chanc'd one day to meet with three Dutch-men on Horse-back who had come thither to treat about the Beavers They were sent and order●d thither by Major Andrews the Man who subdu'd Boston and New-York to the King of England and is at present Governour of Virginia These Gentlemen alighted from their Horses that we might mount em taking us along with them to New-Orange to be regal'd So soon as they heard me speak Dutch they testifi'd a great deal of Friendship to me and told me they had read several Histories of the Discoveries made by those of our Franciscan Order in the Northern Parts of America but had never before seen any wear the Habit in these Countries as we did They likewise express'd great Gladness to see me abiding among them for the Spiritual Comfort and Advantage of many Catholicks who had come from our Netherlands and setled there And I should very willingly have yielded to their Intreaties in residing there but that I was afraid of giving any umbrage to the ●esuites who had receiv'd me very kindly and besides was aware of offending the Colony of Canada because of the Commerce they had with the Savages of my Acquaintance in Beavers and Skins We therefore return'd all Thanks to the Gentlemen for their Kindness and return'd again to Catarockouy with much less difficulty than we went But all this had no other effect than to augment the Itching I had to discover remoter Countries CHAP. V. A Description of the Fort Catarockouy call'd since Frontenac THis Fort is situated a Hundred Leagues from